84th Congress, 1st Session - - - - - House Document No. 4, Vol. 2 ANNUAL REPORT, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1954 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS U. S. ARMY ON CIVIL WORKS ACTIVITIES 1954 IN TWO VOLUMES Vol. 2 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1954 CONTENTS Page NEw ENGLAND DIVISION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 NORTH ATLANTIC DIVISION: New York, N. Y., district-............ 87 Philadelphia, Pa., district-.......-...-......... 157 Baltimore, Md., district....... ------------ 195 W ashington, D . C., district -- --.... ......................... 243 Norfolk, Va., district.. .......... 269 SOUTH ATLANTIC DIVISION: W ilmington, N . C., district.... ............................. ... . . . . . . . . 297 Charleston, S. C., district --................ . .... .............. 315 Savannah, Ga., district..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 329 Jacksonville, Fla., district ........ . . . . .-- 347 M obile, Ala., district ...... . . . ---..... .. 413 LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY DIVISION: New Orleans, La., district.............. 455 Vicksburg, M iss., district....... ......... .......- - - 523 M emphis, Tenn., district-........ .... ....... . . . . . . . 543 SOUTHWESTERN DIVISION: Galveston, Tex., district-.. ....... - - - - - - - - -- 551 Fort Worth, Tex., districtL................. . . . 603 Albuquerque, N. M ex., district .......... ____........ .......... . . . . 629 Little R ock, Ark., district ......... .....-.... ... . ........ ....... . . . . . . . 643 Tulsa, Okla., district .... .. . ... 6... 671 UPPER MISSISSIPPI VALLEY DIVISION: St. Louis, M o., district ............................. 705 Mississippi River between the Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn....... 733 Rock Island, Ill., district-.......... . . . . . 747 St. Paul, M inn., district ...- ................. ....... .. ......... . . 761 MisSOURI RIVER DIVISION: Kansas City, Mo., district ..... ...........- --- ------ 793 Omaha, Nebr., district..................... 825 Garrison, N. Dak., district ------------------------------------- 849 Fort Peck, Mont., district ............ . . . . 857 OhIO RIVER DIVISION: O hio River............-------------............. ........------------- -- ------------ ---..................... 869 Nashville, Tenn., district-----...--------------------------------- 879 Louisville, Ky., district-----........---------------------. 911 Huntington, W. Va., district...........----------------------------------- 949 Pittsburgh, Pa., district.. ........... . .......... .... ___......................... 983 GREAT LAKES DIVISION: Duluth, Minn., district ................-...................- 1031 Milwaukee, Wis., district.............- 1053 Chicago, Ill., district-....----------...... .----------------------------- 1115 Detroit, Mich., district-----..... .. ---------------------------------- 1151 Buffalo, N. Y., district ......- - - 1185 Survey of Northern and Northwestern lakes.-.. __............__. _____ ____.. 1239 SOUTH PACIFIC DIVISION: Los Angeles, Calif., district ............. 1249 San Francisco, Calif. district-----.......... ..... 1301 ..----------------------------- Sacramento, Calif., district ........------.......... _- 1349 1 2 CONTENTS Page NORTH PACIFIC DIVISION: Portland, Oreg., district .. _ 1407 1..----------------- Seattle, Wash., district....... ....... ...............-------------------------------- ..-------. 481 Walla Walla, Wash., district ...... .......----------------------------------- 1527 Alaska district......................... .... .......--------------------------------------------- 1543 The Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors ........------------------------ 1551 The Beach Erosion Board....---------------------------------------- 557 California Debris Commission ................... .......------------------------------------- 1561 Mississippi River Commission . ... --------............ .. ..------------------------..-----... 1575 Waterways Experiment Station------------------------------...--- 1629 Permanent International Association of the Congresses of Navigation......-------- 1631 Interoceanic Canal surveys.................................................................---------------------------------------... 1635 Investigations and supervision of projects under the Federal Water Power Act.. 1637 Miscellaneous Civil Works.............. ...---------------- ....-----------------------.... .......................... 1639 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW ENGLAND DIVISION The New England Division, an operating division with both district and division functions, comprises all of New England ex- cept western Vermont and small portions of Massachusetts and Connecticut along their western boundaries, and includes small portions of southeastern New York, all embraced in the drainage basins tributary to Long Island Sound and the Atlantic Ocean east of the New York-Connecticut State line. It also includes Fishers Island, N. Y. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control 1. Corea Harbor, Maine................ 4 33. Merrimack River Basin, N. H. 2. Northeast Harbor, Maine....... 4 and Mass.................... 56 3. Penobscot River, Maine-....._ 5 34. Franklin Falls Reservoir, 4. Belfast Harbor, Maine.............. 7 Merrimack River Basin, N. H ......... ....... ............. 58 5. Kennebec River, Maine .......... 8 35. Edward McDowell Reservoir, 6. Portland Harbor, Maine........- 10 Merrick River Basin, N. H.. 59 7. Cape Porpoise Harbor, Maine. 12 36. Blackwater Reservoir, Mer- 8. Kennebunk River, Maine ..... 13 rimack River Basin, N. H.... 9. Isles of Shoals Harbor, Maine 37. Blackstone River Basin, Mass. and N. H-.......... 14 and R. I-...................... .... 62 10. Newburyport Harbor, Mass 15 38. Thames River Basin, Conn, 11. Gloucester Harbor and An- R. I. and Mass................ nisquam River, Mass......... 17 39. Mansfield Hollow Reservoir, 12. Boston Harbor, Mass................ 19 Thames River Basin, Conn. 66 40. Connecticut River Basin, Vt., 13. Dorchester Bay and Neponset N. H., Mass., and Conn ...... 67 River, Mass ......................... 23 41. Victory Reservoir, Connect- 14. Town River, Mass................ 24 icut River Basin, Vt........... 71 15. Hingham Harbor, Mass........ 25 42. Union Village Reservoir, 16. Plymouth Harbor, Mass............ 26 Connecticut River Basin, Vt 71 17. Cape Cod Canal, Mass.............. 28 43. Ball Mountain Reservoir, 18. Pollock Rip Shoals, Nan- Connecticut River Basin, Vt 73 tucket Sound, Mass.............. 31 44. Surry Mountain Reservoir, 19. Cross Rip Shoals, Nantucket Connecticut River Basin, Sound, Mass .................. :33 N. H........ ...... .......... 74 33 45. Birch Hill Reservoir, Con- 20. Cuttyhunk Harbor, Mass..... necticut River Basin, Mass.. 75 21. Fall River Harbor, Mass.......-.. 34 46. Tully Reservoir, Connecticut 22. Providence River and Harbor, River Basin, Mass................ 77 R. I .................... .......... .... . 36 47. Knightville Reservoir, Con- 23. Seekonk River, R. I............. 38 necticut River Basin, Mass_ 78 24. Pawcatuck River, R. I. and 48. Chicopee, Connecticut River Conn ........................ ......... 39 Basin, Mass.................. 79 25. New London Harbor, Conn .... 41 49. West Springfield, Connecticut 26. Thames River, Conn................ 42 River Basin, Mass............... 81 27. Connecticut River Below 50. Winsted, Connecticut River Basin, Conn.................... 82 Hartford, Conn-............ 44 51. 83 Inactive Projects................. 28. Milford Harbor, Conn........... 46 52. General Investigations ........ _ 84 29. Southport Harbor, Conn ....... 48 53. Inspection of Completed Flood 30. Norwalk Harbor, Conn.....- 49 Control Works........................ 84 31. Stamford Harbor, Conn .......... 51 54. Flood Control Work Under 32. Inactive Projects...... ........ 53 Special Authorization............ 85 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 1. COREA HARBOR, MAINE Location. This harbor, locally known as Indian Harbor, lies at the southeasterly extremity of the town of Gouldsboro and just westerly of the entrance to Gouldsboro Bay, about 12 miles east of Bar Harbor, Maine. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 305.) Existing project. This provides for an anchorage basin 8 feet deep at mean low water, 600 feet long in an east and west direc- tion, and 400 feet wide in a north and south direction. The mean tidal range is 10.5 feet and the extreme 12 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $31,707. There is no approved estimate of cost for maintenance. The existing project was approved by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. The latest published map is in the project document (Rivers and Harbors Committee Document No. 27, 74th Congress, 1st Session). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 21 wharves, 15 of which are small and cannot be approached by vessels at low tide. The wharves are privately owned. Facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore project depth in the 8-foot anchorage basin was started on July 29, 1953, and completed on September 12, 1953. During this period 23,851 cubic yards of ordinary ma- terial and 48.8 yards of boulders were removed at a cost of $57,318, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. The controlling depth at mean low water was 7 feet (1953). The costs under the existing project have been $90,869, of which $31,707 was for new work and $59,162 was for maintenance. Cost and fnanial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: ,70 Appropriated - - - - - --. . . . . . . ---------.. . . . . .i----------_$31,707 Cost . . ..-----.------------------------------..---........ I.................. 31,707 Maintenance: Appropriated .. .. ...... $1, 500 _$63, 531 -$5, 869 59,,162 Cost -- - -- - ;- ---- -- 1,031 1 813 57,318 59,162 2. NORTHEAST HARBOR, MAINE Location. This harbor is a small cove, indenting the south shore of Mount Desert Island, Maine. It lies just east of the en- trance to Somes Sound, about 13 miles southwest of Bar Harbor. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 306 and 1202). Existing project. This provides for a channel and anchorage 10 feet deep between the 10-foot natural contour and proposed town landing, and 7-foot anchorage areas contiguous to the existing natural channel. The project depths refer to mean low water. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 5 The mean tidal range is 10.3 and the spring range is 11.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $160,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 132, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Local interests have fully compiled with all requirements of local cooperation except for construction of a public landing. Funds have been appropriated for this purpose and the construction will be started as soon as the disposal area on which the landing will be located has consolidated sufficiently to bear the construction equipment. Terminal facilities. There are 14 privately owned landings, 2 of which are open to the public without charge, and one publicly owned temporary landing. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Improvement dredg- ing, by contract, hydraulic process, of a channel approximately 250 to 650 feet wide, 800 feet long and 10 feet deep at mean low water; and two anchorage areas approximately 18 acres in total extent and 7 feet deep at mean low water was completed. During the period 166,880 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Costs during the fiscal year were $133,449, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project, initiated in May 1954, was completed in June 1954. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 10 feet in the 10-foot channel (1954) ; 7 feet in the northerly 7-foot anchor- age (1954); 7 feet in the 7-foot southerly anchorage (1954). Costs under the existing project have been $133,449, all for new work. Cost and financial summrnr'! Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 39,1954,includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ---------------------------------------------- $150, 000 $150, 000 Cost--------- ---------------------------------------------- 133,449 133, 449 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.............................--------------. $9,852 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955...........................----....................-----------...... 9 ,852 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project .............................................................................................. 10 ,000 3. PENOBSCOT RIVER, MAINE Location. This river drains a large number of lakes and small streams in north central and eastern Maine and, after assuming definite character as a stream, flows about 100 miles in a southerly direction through the middle of the State, discharging into Pen- obscot Bay, about 90 miles northeast of Portland, Maine. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 311.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of 6 REPORT OF CHIE' OF' ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 July 11, 1870, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1899, and July 11, 1947. For further details of'previous projects, see page 1732 of Annual Report for 1915, page 48 of Annual Report for 1938, and page 31 of Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. This provides for dredging to a depth of 22 feet between Winterport and Bucksport, about 16 miles below Bangor; for straightening, widening, and deepening to 15 feet the channel near Stearns Mill and near Crosbys Narrows from 3 to 4.5 miles below Bangor; and for deepening the harbor at Bangor to 14 feet and widening it along the Bangor front, giving an addi- tional width of from 100 to 300 feet for a length of about 2,000 feet. The project depths refer to mean low water, which is 3 feet above extreme low tide. The mean range of tide at Bangor is 13.1 feet, and the extreme about 15 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $292,020 exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 5, 1884 Widening the channel at Bangor and Crosby's Nar- S. Ex. Doc. 44, 48th Cong., 1st sess., rows. and Annual Report 1884, p. 475. Aug. 11, 1888 Dredging between Winterport and Bucksport -.... H. Ex. Doc. 133, 50th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report 1888, p. 425. July 31, 1892 Widening the channel at Bangor. _ _ ___ ___ _. . Ex. Doc. 37, 52d Cong., 1st ses., 11..H and Annual Report 1892, p. 553. Mar. 2, 1907 Further widening of the harbor at Bangor .. ------H. Doc. 739, 59th Cong., 1st sess. (Contains the latest published map. Other maps are in H. Doe. 652, 71st Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The river front of Bangor has 12 wharves, most of which are of the timber-crib stone-ballasted type. Exten- sive improvements and alterations are in progress at all the oil terminals to handle increased receipts of petroleum products. Eleven of the wharves have physical connection with a railroad. On the east side of the river at Brewer, opposite Bangor, there is one water terminal, a coal handling plant having mechanical ap- pliances and three petroleum products storage plants. The re- .mainder of the terminals on the east side of the river are in poor condition. At South Brewer there is a large pulp and paper plant which has water connections, oil pumping and storage facilities. There are a number of private wharves open to the public at moderate charges. At Bucksport on the north side of the river there are three important terminals, one a coal handling plant and two used by a large paper manufacturing plant which has terminal facilities for the receipt and storage of oil products and pulpwood. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing needs.: Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of shoaling in the 22-foot project channel in the vicinity of Frankfort Flats and Lawrence RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION Cove was completed at a cost of $1,939, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1913. The controlling depths at mean low water were about 14 feet from IBucksport to Winterport (1937) ; channel op- posite Lawrence Cove about 19 feet (1954) ; channel at Frankfort Flats 22 feet (1954) ; thence 15 feet to Stearns Mill; thence 14 feet to Bangor, except for a shoal area in Bangor Harbor on the Brewer side, where the least depth is 4.6 feet (1937). The costs under the existing project have been $388,182, of which $292,020 was for new work and $96,162 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ 11ing fiscal years 1.9_50 1951 1952 1953 i 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ----------- ------------------------------------ ----------- 020 $501, Cost ..------------- --------------------- --------------------------------- 1501, 020 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- - -------------------------------------------... $3, 100 97, 323 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ ---------- 1,939 96,162 I Includes $209,000 for new work for previous projects. 4. BELFAST HARBOR, MAINE Location. This harbor is located on the westerly side of Pen- obscot Bay near its head and is about 25 miles north of Rockland Harbor, which is near the mouth of Penobscot Bay. (See U. S. Coast & Geodetic Chart No. 208.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of May 20, 1826 and August 14, 1876. For further details'see page IX of Annual Report for 1897. Existing project. This provides for dredging the main channel to a depth of 15 feet for a minimum width of 220 feet and areas on the east and west sides to 8 and 13 feet, respectively. The mean range of tide is 9.7 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $39,561, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved September 19, 1890. The latest published map is in project document (H. Ex. Doc. No. 81, 51st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are nine wharves located on the south side of the harbor below the highway bridge. Construction consists mainly of pile and timber piers extending from timber or stone bulkheads. A spur railroad track runs close to the back of eight of the wharves. Six wharves are in good repair and three are in poor condition. One wharf is used for receipt of fish and one for tie up of towboats. The remaining seven are not pres- ently used for waterborne commerce. There are no publicly owned wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for the present needs of commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of shoaling in the 15-foot 8 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 channel and the 8 and 13-foot areas was completed during the fis- cal year at a cost of $1,147, all maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1897. The controlling depths in 1954 were 13 feet in the 15-foot area; 11 feet in the 13-foot area; and 3 to 8 feet in the 8- foot area. The costs under the existing project have been $40,708, of which $39,561 was for new work and $1,147 was for main- tenance. Cost and financ ial summnaryi dingal i...s . ying ... . .. fisc includ- 30,1954, y ars 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New Work: Appropriated- Cost --------------------- Maintenance: ------ -- ---- -------- ------ ----------------------------------------------- - -$61, 561 '61, 561 Appropriated _._._ . . ..- _ - - $1, 500 1, 500 Cost _ .--------------------- ------------ ---------- ------------ 1, 147 1, 147 ' Includes $22,000 for new work for previous projects. 5. KENNEBEC RIVER, MAINE Location. Kennebec River drains a large number of lakes and minor streams, and flows from Moosehead Lake about 150 miles in a southerly direction and discharges into the Atlantic Ocean about 25 miles east of Portland. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 288, 289, and 314.) Previous projects. The first project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1827. Modifications and additions were authorized by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, June 23, 1866, July 11, 1870, March 3, 1871, March 3, 1873, March 3, 1881, and August 11, 1888. For further details of previous projects see page 1735 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 52 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep and not less than 500 feet wide, extending from the mouth to a point about 0.6 mile above the bridge at Bath; thence to Gardiner a channel not less than 150 feet wide, with a depth of 17 feet at Beef Rock Shoal, at the foot of Swan Island, 18 feet deep through rock at Lovejoy Narrows, near the head of Swan Island, decreas- ing to 16 feet deep at Gardiner; a channel west of Swan Island 100 feet wide, 12 feet deep, except at the upper shoal, where the depth was to be 15 feet; and a channel 125 feet wide and 11 feet deep from Gardiner upstream to Augusta, at the head of naviga- tion. The section of river included in the project is about 44 miles in length. The work includes dredging, rock excavation, and two riprap training walls. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 8.4 feet at the mouth of the river, 6.4 feet at Bath, 5.3 feet at Richmond, 5 feet at Gardiner, and 4.1 feet at Augusta. The spring tides are about 1 foot greater at the mouth and about 0.5 foot greater at Augusta. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 9 The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,220,000, exclu- sive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Channel between Augusta and Gardiner, Maine-. H. Doc. 262, 56th Cong., 1st sess.' Mar. 2, 1907 Channel below Gardiner, Maine ..-..- . ...- _ H. Doc. 321, 59th Cong., 2d sess.' Mar. 4, 1913 Channel west of Swan Island . .--- H. Doc. 746, 62d Cong., 2d sess.' Oct. 17, 1940 27-foot channel from mouth to Bath-.... ............ _ S. Doe. 55, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contains the latest published maps. Recommended modification of project. In House Document No. 2107, 64th Congress, 2d session, it was recommended that the improvement and maintenance of the channel west of Swan Island, near the town of Richmond, be abandoned. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Wharves suitable for landing or loading are located at Bath, Woolwich, Richmond, Randolph, Gardiner, Hallowell, and Augusta. Of the 24 wharves located at Bath, 5 are publicly owned and 19 privately owned, about one-third of which are in poor repair and are little used. Rail connections are avail- able at 19 of the wharves at Bath. Depths alongside range from 12 to 25 feet. At the other points named above there are 16 wharves in usable condition. All but one are equipped with mechanism for handling passengers and freight. Those open to the public on equal terms are two at Hallowell and one each at Randolph and Augusta. None is publicly owned. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by Government hopper dredge Lyman, to restore project depth of 27 feet in the channel from the mouth of the river to the Carlton Bridge at Bath, was started on August 25, 1953, and com- pleted on September 24, 1953. During the period 58,390 cubic yards, pay place plus natural shoaling, of ordinary material were removed at a cost of $57,620, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is sub- stantially complete. To complete the project, there remains the dredging of the 27-foot channel from Bath Iron Works Corpora- tion to 0.6 of a mile above the bridge at Bath. The controlling depths at mean lowwater in the Kennebec River from the mouth to Doubling Point are 27 feet (1953), with the exception of a shoal area along the northerly limit of the channel northwest of North Sugar Loaf Island, having a controlling depth of 19 feet; 26 feet from Doubling Point, to the Bath Bridge (1953) ; 13 feet from Abagadasset Point to the Gardiner-Randolph Bridge, thence 8 feet to Augusta for the project channel widths (1942). The costs under the existing project have been $1,363,707, of which $1,090,- 529 was for new work and $273,178 was for maintenance. 10 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- ---------------------- ---.- -$1, 599, 940 Cost--.......-.... _ -.... .. .------ --..... 1,599,940 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- ........- $30,000 ------ --- -------- $60 $57, 620 273,178 Cost. ...... -. - 27, 547 ---........... $72 2, 321 57, 620 273, 178 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project............. ............... $129, 471 ....... 1Includes $509,411 for new work for previous projects. 6. PORTLAND HARBOR, MAINE Location. This harbor is on the southwestern coast of Maine, about 100 miles northeast of Boston, Mass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 325.) Previous projects. Adopted by joint resolution of June 5, 1868, and River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. For further details see page 1736 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 40 of Annual Report for 1936. Existing project. This provides for an anchorage area 35 feet deep at mean low water, approximately 170 acres in area, north- west of House Island; an anchorage area off the eastern end of the city, with a minimum depth of 30 feet; dredging a 35-foot channel from the westerly side of the Maine State pier in the lower part of the main harbor through its channel of approach to the sea; dredg- ing to 35 feet the present 30-foot channel from the Maine State pier to Portland Bridge for its full width, thence to Vaughan Bridge for a width of 400 feet, thence to the Boston & Maine Rail- road bridge for a width of 300 feet; dredging a 35-foot turning basin easterly of Vaughan Bridge; and construction of stone breakwater about 900 feet long from Spring Point to Spring Point Light; for a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the an- chorage to the Grand Trunk Bridge at the mouth of Back Cove; for rock excavation to give a depth of 14 feet between the Grand Trunk and Tukey's Bridges, and a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide thence to the head of Back Cove; for the removal of two obstructing ledges in the main ship channel to a depth of 40 feet; for a stone breakwater about 2,000 feet long on the southerly side of the mouth of the inner harbor; and the maintenance of Soldier Ledge Channel in Hussey Sound, Casco Bay, at a depth of 40 feet. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 8.9 feet, extreme 10.2 feet, though variations as great as 16 feet have been observed under storm conditions. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $5,003,000 exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 11 Acts Work authorized Documents July Breakwater on southerly side of mouth of inner har- 4, 1836 H. Doc. 491, 23d Cong., 1st sess. bor. June 23, 1866 Extension of breakwater. June 3,1896 Dredging to 30 feet over greater part of inner harbor. S. Doc. 271, 54th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 3,1905 Extension of 30-foot depth up Fore River to Boston (Sundry civil) & Maine R. R. bridge and in channel of approach to Back Cove. July 25,1912 30-foot anchorage; 14 feet at entrance to Back Cove; H. Doec. 489, 62d Cong., 2d sess. restoration of 12-foot depth in Back Cove and 30- foot depth in the approach as well as in lower part of harbor. Aug. 8,1917 35-foot depth in lower part of main harbor and the H. Doec. 71, 65th Cong., 1st sess. channel of approach, and removal of 2 obstructing ledges in main channel. Mar. 2, 1945 35-foot anchorage, approximately 170 acres in area H. Doec. 560, 76th Cong., 3d sess.' northwest of House Island. Do..._. Maintenance of Soldier Ledge Channel in Hussey H. Doc. 730, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sound, at depth of 40 feet. July 24. 1946 Deepening 30-foot channel to 35 feet; 35-foot turning H. Doec. 510, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' basin easterly of Vaughan Bridge; breakwater at Spring Point. ' Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 60 wharves in the harbor, of which 48 are active and 12 inactive and in poor condition. Six of the wharves are publicly owned, three by the United States Gov- ernment, one by the State of Maine, one by the city of South Port- land, and one by the city of Portland. Mechanical handling facili- ties are available at 28 of the wharves. Railroad connections have been made to 35 of them. The facilities are considered adequate for the needs of existing commerce. For a further description of terminal facilities see Port and Terminal Facilities of Northern New England, 1941. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of shoaling in the 35-foot project channel was completed during the fiscal year at a cost of $3,505, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 66 percent completed, the remaining portion consisting of the re- moval to a depth of 40 feet at mean low water of a ledge located about 0.5 mile southeast of Portland Head Light at the entrance to Portland Harbor, dredging the 35-foot anchorage area northwest of House Island and the dredging of the hard areas in the 35-foot channel. The controlling depths at mean low water in the various improved channels of Portland Harbor at the dates they were last surveyed were: 34 feet in the north and easterly three quarters, and 29 feet in the remaining quarter of the 35-foot channel from the sea to abreast the State Pier, thence 33 feet in the northerly half and 28 feet in the hard areas in the southerly half of the channel to Portland Bridge; (1954), thence 35 feet in the center half and 32 feet in the outer quarters to the Vaughan Bridge, thence 29 feet through the north draw opening of the Vaughan Bridge, thence 35 feet in the three northerly quarters and 31 feet in the southerly quarter to the Boston and Maine railroad bridge (1954). The costs under the existing project have been $4,172,847, of which $3,260,398 was for new work and $912,449 for main- tenance. 12 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U S.. ARMY. 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- $206, 000 -------------....--------- $21,423 ..------------ 1$3, 952, 833 Cost---------------- 871,015 $166,316 $30,824 ------------------------ 13,952,833 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-. _-. 175, 000 -10, 513 175, 000 -6, 903 $4, 300 913, 243 Cost ---------------- 117,918 46,569 160,930 7,167 3,505 912,449 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.................. $765, 000 Unobligated balances avaliable for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.................................................................................---------------------------------------------........ 765,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project......... 977, 602 1 Includes $692,435 for new work for previous projects. 7. CAPE PORPOISE HARBOR, MAINE Location. This harbor is located in the town of Kennebunkport on the coast of Maine, 27 miles southwest of Portland, Maine, and about the same distance northeast of Portsmouth, N. H. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1205). Existing project. This provides for the removal of ledge rock in the entrance channel to deepen and straighten the outer portion so as to give a depth of 18 feet for a width of 200 feet between Goat and Folly Islands; a channel 16 feet deep over a width of 200 feet through the bar; a combined channel and anchorage between the bar and the town wharf about 2,150 feet long, 600 feet wide and 15 feet deep; a channel 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep from the town wharf in Cape Porpoise Harbor to the head of Porpoise Cove. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean range of tide is 8.7 feet and the spring range is 9.9 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $175,037, exclusive of $20,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,800 for that portion of the project above town wharf. There is no approved estimate of cost for mainte- nance on that portion of the project below town wharf. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Channel 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep at entrance, H. Doc. 160, 55th Cong., 3d sess. and channel and anchorage 15 feet, 600 feet wide, and about 3,000 feet long within the harbor. Mar. 2, 1907 Excavation of ledge rock in outer entrance channel to H. Doc. 191, 59th Cong., 1st seas. depth of 18 feet, 200 feet wide. June 30,1948 Channel 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep from town H. Doc. 555, 80th Cong., 2d seas. wharf in Cape Porpoise Harbor to head of Porpoise (Contains latest published map.) Cove. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Present terminal facilities consist of a single wharf located on Bickfords Island. This wharf is an open pile timber structure fronting on the dredged channel for a length of about 180 feet, with depths alongside of about 6 to 10 feet at RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 13 mean low water. Auxiliary equipment consists of three landing floats, one electrically operated hoist, and two small hand-operated hoists for handling supplies to and from boats. This wharf is owned by the town of Kennebunkport and is open to the public without charge. This wharf is considered adequate for the needs of the community. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of shoaling in the 6-foot channel and the 15-foot combined channel and anchorage was com- pleted during the fiscal year at a cost of $668, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. An entrance channel 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep and an anchorage area about 3,000 feet long, 600 feet wide and 15 feet deep at mean low water were secured in 1902. The removal of ledges and straightening the outer portion of the chan- nel for a width of about 190 feet with a depth of 18 feet at mean low water was secured in 1908. The dredging of the 6-foot chan- nel was completed in 1950. The controlling depths are: 18 feet in the outer entrance channel (1942) ; 14 feet in the entrance chan- nel (1954); 10 feet in the combined channel and anchorage, (1954) ; 6.0 feet in the 6-foot channel (1954). The costs under the existing project have been $175,705, of which $175,037 was for new work and $668 for maintenance. In addition, $20,000 was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ __ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ....-.. $55, 000 $3, 600 -$2, 065 ------------------------ 1 $175, 037 Cost____ --- __---- 17, 429 39, 107 ---------------------- 1'175, 037 M aintenance: Appropriated------------- . ------------ ------------ -$332 668 Cost --------------------------------------------------------- 668 668 In addition, $20,000 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 8. KENNEBUNK RIVER, MAINE Location. The source of Kennebunk River is in the central part of York County in southwestern Maine. The stream flows about 15 miles in a southeasterly direction and discharges into the At- lantic Ocean about 30 miles southwest of Portland, Maine. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1205.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a stone breakwater on the easterly side of the mouth of the river about 550 feet long, a pier or jetty on the westerly side of the mouth about 290 feet long, the construction of a wharf about 700 feet upstream from the shore end of the breakwater (transferred to Treasury Department in 1936), the construction of a jetty on the east bank a short distance farther upstream, and securing a depth of 4 feet at mean low water for an average width of 100 feet up to Kenne- bunkport, a distance of about 1 mile, by dredging and rock re- 14 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 moval. The mean tidal range is 9 feet; the extreme 13.5 feet. Work appears to have been commenced by the State of Massa- chusetts in 1798, since which date a number of small appropria- tions have been made for maintenance and further improvement. The cost of new work for the completed project was $83,584. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,000. Those portions of the existing project adopted since 1829 were authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized , Documents Mar. 2, 1829 Repair of pier on east side of channel entrance Aug. 14,1876 Deepening at Wading Place and Mitchells Point _ Annual Report 1875, p. 115. Sept. 19, 1890 Jetty at Wading Place H. Ex. Doe. 136, 51st Cong., 1st .-------------------- sess., and Annual Report 1890, p. 471. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are a total of 10 wharves in the river. Nine of these are privately owned and one is publicly owned by the Town of Kennebunkport, Me. None of these have railroad connections or mechanical handling facilities. All are in poor condition. The facilities are considered adequate for existing traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of repairs necessary to re- store the breakwater and jetty at the mouth of the river, in prog- ress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed. Plans and specifications to restore the breakwater and jetty at the mouth of the river, by contract, were initiated. Costs were $723, all main- tenance funds. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1893. The project depth of 4 feet was restored in 1950. The costs under the existing project have been $219,727, of which $83,584 was for new work and $136,143 was for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June j- 30, 1954, includ- Sing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --- --. . . . . . . . . . =83, . 584 C o st -- . . . . . . -. . . . . . . .. . . . ..... -. .8.. 3 , 58 4 Maintenance: Appropriated . - . $65, 767 -$3, 524 $1,000 120, 000 156, 282 Cost_____..... . . .. 39, 266 22, 976 - -_ 138 723 136, 143 9. ISLES OF SHOALS HARBOR, MAINE AND N. H. Location. A group of islands in the open sea about 6 miles northeast of Portsmouth Harbor, N. H. Three of them, Smutty- nose, Cedar and Star Islands, are so situated that, with the shoals connecting them, they afford a small harbor of fair depth, open only to the west and northwest, known as Gosport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 330.) RIVERS AND HARBORS ----NEW ENGLANI) I)IVISION 15 Previous projects. The first work of improvement by the Gov- ernment was ordered by the Act of March 3, 1821. Subsequent modifications and additions were authorized by the act of May 7, 1822, and the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1902. For scope of previous projects see page 1739 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project. This provides for the construction of three rough stone breakwaters as follows: One from Smuttynose Island westwardly to Malaga Island on the north side of the harbor, hav- ing a length of 240 feet; one extending southeastwardly from Smuttynose Island to Cedar Island, protecting the harbor on the east, having a length of 700 feet; and a third extending south- westwardly from Cedar Island to Star Island, affording protection from the southeast and south, having a length of 530 feet. The mean tidal range is 8.7 feet and the extreme 9.9 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $39,238, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. There is no approved estimate of cost for maintenance. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 1122, 60th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed in the Annual Report for 1913, page 1530. Local cooperation. None. Terminal facilities. There is one wharf near the hotel on Star Island which is used to accommodate a passenger steamer plying between Portsmouth, N. H., and the Island during 3 months of the summer. Operations and results during fiscal year. Restoration of the riprap breakwater between Star and Cedar Islands, by contract, was started on August 21, 1953, and was still under way at the end of fiscal year. During the period 1,200 tons of stone were placed at a cost of $18,163, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1913. The breakwaters between Smuttynose Island and Cedar Island are in good condition. The breakwater between Star Island to Cedar Island is being repaired. The costs under the existing project have been $92,917, of which $39,238 was for new work and $53,679 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __. ...... . .... 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated . . --- ------------ ------ ----------- --- - $80, 691 Cost ..---------- ----------- ------------ --------------------- ------------ -80,691 Maintenance: Appropriated--------------- ----------------------- $40, COO -------- 74, 262 Cost- __ . -.-. - 1,254 $18, 163 53, 679 1Includes $41,453 for new work for previous projects. 10. NEWBURYPORT HARBOR, MASS. Location. Newburyport is on the south bank of Merrimack River, about 2.5 miles above the mouth and about 48 miles by 16 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 water north of Boston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 331.) Existing project. This provides for two rubblestone jetties, each 15 feet wide on top at elevation 12 feet above mean low water, with slopes of 1 on 2 on the seaward face and 1 on 1 on the shore- ward face; one projecting from the north shore, 4,118 feet, the other from the south shore, 2,445 feet, converging until 1,000 feet apart, and then extending seaward parallel to the axis of the chan- nel for a distance of 1,000 feet; and for partially closing Plum Island Basin by a timber dike about 800 feet long and 5.5 feet above mean low water; the object being to create at the outer bar a permanent channel 1,000 feet wide and at least 17 feet deep at mean low water, to enable vessels of such draft as can proceed at high tide to the wharves at Newburyport to enter the river at mean low water; and a continuous channel from the sea to the wharves at Newburyport, 15 feet deep and 400 feet wide through the bar; thence 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide to and including a widened turning basin in front of the wharves, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation; pending compliance with these conditions, the improvement to be in accordance with a plan to provide a channel 12 feet deep and 400 feet wide through the bar; thence 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide to and including a widened turning basin in front of the wharves. The mean range of tide is 7.9 feet at the bar and 7.8 feet at Newburyport. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $650,000, exclusive of $34,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14, 1880 Construction of rubblestone jetties. June 25, 1910 Dredging the bar at entrance to harbor....------------... Annual Report, 1910 p. 59. Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging channel from sea to wharves and a widened H. Doc. 703, 76th Cong., 3d sess. turning basin. Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States suitable spoil disposal areas, properly bulkheaded, for new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as re- quired; hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages resulting from the improvement; and contribute one-third of the first cost, but not to exceed $34,000. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of 16 wharves extending along a frontage of about 3,500 feet of the south bank of the Merrimack River below the highway bridge, and 1 small pier on the north side of the river. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. For full description see Port and Terminal Facilities of the Ports of Northern New England, 1941. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 12-foot chan- nel through the bar and the 9-foot channel to the wharves was in RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 17 progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $1,933, all main- tenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 69 percent completed, the remaining portion consisting of dredg- ing the channel from the sea to the wharves at Newburyport and a widened turning basin, the depths to be determined by the com- pliance of local interests with the conditions of local cooperation. The north jetty was completed in 1914; the south jetty was com- pleted, except for a length of about 30 feet at its outer end, in 1905. These jetties are in good condition and completion of the south jetty is not now considered necessary. Plum Island Basin was partially closed in 1883 by the construction of a timber dike. North Rock was removed in 1901. The latest survey (1946) over the bar at the mouth of the river showed a channel with a con- trolling depth of 10 feet at mean low water for a width of 300 feet, and 6 feet to the wharves at Newburyport. The bar consists of shifting sand, and conditions change rapidly and frequently. The costs under the existing project have been $757,480, of which $463,843 was for new work and $293,637 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New Work: Appropriated- ..... _ .... _.---- .. ........ ---- _ _ .. ........ $463, 843 Cost--- .....----.. ------ - .---------- --------- 463, 843 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------- $217 -. $2, 000 293, 704 Cost-----------------...... 217 ------ ----------------------- 1,933 293,637 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project __ _-__-_--..___ . ....... ____ .......... $186, 157 11. GLOUCESTER HARBOR AND ANNISQUAM RIVER, MASS. Location. Gloucester Harbor is situated at the southern ex- tremity of Cape Ann, about 23 miles northeast by water from Boston Harbor. Annisquam River is a narrow tidal waterway extending across the base of Cape Ann from Gloucester Harbor on the south side to Ipswich Bay on the north side, a distance of ap- proximately 4 miles. A reach of this waterway, at the Gloucester Harbor end, for a length of about 1,800 feet, is known as the Blyn- man Canal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 243.) Previous projects. Projects for Gloucester Harbor were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, August 5, 1886, and June 3, 1896. There were no previous projects for Annisquam River. For further details see page 1740 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 50 of Annual Report for 1937. Existing project. This provides: Gloucester Harbor: a. For a rubblestone breakwater 2,250 feet long, surmounted by a superstructure of dry walls of heavy split stone enclosing a core of rubblestone from Eastern Point over Dog Bar to Cat Ledge. b. For the removal of three ledges in the inner harbor, 1 to 12 18 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 feet and 2 to 15 feet depth at mean low water, and five ledges in the outer harbor, 4 to 18 feet and 1 to 25 feet depth at mean low water, aggregating a total of 2,206 cubic yards, place measurement. c. For removal to depth of 15 feet below mean low water of ledges and boulders obstructing the approach to the wharves be- tween Harbor Cove and Pews wharf, near the head of the inner harbor; dredging to the same depth the channel leading past the wharves and dredging Harbor Cove to the depth of 10 feet at mean low water. Annisquam River: For a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water 60 feet wide from Gloucester Harbor to the Boston & Maine Rail- road bridge, 100 feet wide from the railroad bridge to the mouth of the river, and 200 feet wide across the bar in Ipswich Bay, in- cluding the removal of a ledge near the Gloucester Harbor en- trance; and for a dredged anchorage area about 17 acres in extent and 8 feet deep at the entrance of Lobster Cove. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean range of tide in Gloucester Harbor is 8.7 feet; the ex- treme range is 12.6 feet. The mean range of tide in Annisquam River is 8.5 feet; the extreme range is about 10 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $705,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $25,000 to be con- tributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 Removal of ledges and boulders, and dredging, in Annual Report, 1887, p. 503. Gloucester Harbor. Aug. 18, 1894 I'onstruction of breakwater at entrance to Gloucester H. Ex. Doc. 56, 48th Cong., 2d Harbor from Eastern Point to Round Rock Shoal. sess., and Annual Report, 1885. p. 534. June 13, 1902 Termination at Cat Ledge of breakwater authorized Annual Report, 1902, p. 89. by act of Aug. 18, 1894. t June 25,1910 Removal of 8 ledges in Gloucester Harbor .......----------.. H. Doc. 1112, 60th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging in Annisguam River and removal of a ledge Rivers and Harbors Committee, in Gloucester Harbor near the entrance to Annis- Doc. 39, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' quam River. Mar. 2,1945 Dredging 8-foot anchorage area in Lobster Cove, H. Doc. 329, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' Annisquam River. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests contribute one-third of the initial cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $25,000, furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the improvement and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished during fiscal year 1949. Terminal facilities. There are in Gloucester Harbor 61 wharves worthy of mention. The depth beside the wharves varies from 0 to 20 feet at mean low water. Except for 3 wharves, 2 owned by the city and the fish pier which is leased by the city from the Com- monwealth of Massachusetts, all are private and are not available RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 19 to the public. There are two commercial wharves on Annisquam River on the east bank. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce of the port. For full description see Port and Terminal Facilities at the Ports of Northern New Eng- land, 1941. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of shoaling in the 8-foot channel in the Annisquam River was completed during the fiscal year. Costs were $1,916, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 77 percent complete. The existing project was completed in 1936 except for dredging the anchorage area in Lobster Cove in the Annisquam River. The removal of all ledges and boulders in Gloucester Harbor between Harbor Cove and Pews Wharf, and other obstructing rocks was completed in 1894; and the removal of a pinnacle rock in the outer harbor in 1896. The breakwater, which was completed in 1905, was repaired in 1940 and is in good condition. The removal of all ledges to project depth was com- pleted in 1916. The improvement of Annisquam River was com- pleted in 1936 at a cost of $33,976. The controlling depths over the ledges in the outer harbor in 1916 were from 18 to 25 feet; over ledge C in the inner Harbor in 1931, 14 feet; and over ledges A and B in the inner Harbor in 1940, 13 and 15 feet respectively; 7 feet in the channel from Ipswich Bay to Gloucester Harbor with the exception of encroachments on the west side of the channel abreast Pearce Island having a depth of 0 feet, and on the east side of the channel just north of Rust Island having a depth of 2 feet (1953), 5 feet in the northwesterly third and +5 feet in the remaining part of the Lobster Cove anchorage. The costs under the existing project have been $713,110, of which $535,154 was for new work and $177,956 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated---........ --------.----- ---------------- ------------ ------------ 1 $556,154 Cost..----------.........----- ------------------------------------ ---------- 1556,154 Maintenance: Appropriated_ ------------ ------------------------------------ $1, 916 177, 956 Cost...........-----------------. -- .------------------------------------ 1,916 177,956 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project....-...-.......-..-................................ ......... $169 ,846 1 Includes $21,000 for new work for previous projects. 12. BOSTON HARBOR, MASS. Location. This harbor includes all the expanse of tidewater lying within a line from Point Allerton to Point Shirley and ex- tending from that line westward to the mainland. This com- prises an area of about 47 square miles, exclusive of the islands. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 246 and 248.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of 20 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 March 2, 1867, June 14, 1880, September 19, 1890, June 3, 1896, and July 25, 1912. For further details see page 1743 of Annual Report for 1915, page 81 of Annual Report for 1917, and page 63 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. A channel 40 feet deep in general, but 45 feet deep through rock, from the sea to President Roads through Broad Sound, 2 miles, 900 feet wide except at the outer edge where it is widened to 1,100 feet. b. Deepening to 40 feet the main ship channel from President Roads to about 200 feet northerly of the site of Mystic Pier No. 1 Charlestown; having widths varying from 600 feet to 1,200 feet with suitable widening at the bends. Length about 5.5 miles. c. An anchorage area 2,000 feet wide, 5,500 feet long, and 40 feet deep, on the north side of President Roads. d. Extension of President Roads anchorage 700 feet to the north and 500 feet to the west at a depth of 40 feet, and dredging an area to 35 feet lying west of the anchorage. e. Deepening to 40 feet that part of the approach channel to the United States Navy drydock No. 3 at South Boston between the main ship channel and the United States harbor line. f. A channel 35 feet deep along the same line as the 40-foot main ship channel in the following manner: adjacent to the west- erly side of the 40-foot main ship channel through Broad Sound 600 feet wide, a distance of about 2 miles; adjacent to the north- erly side of the 40-foot main ship channel from President Roads to abreast the Fish Pier 600 feet wide, a distance of about three miles; adjacent to the westerly side of 40-foot main ship channel from abreast Fort Point Channel to the Mystic River and Charles- town Bridges and the entrance to the Chelsea River, having widths varying from 100 feet to 1,000 feet, a distance of about 2 miles. g. A channel 2 miles long, 30 feet deep, and 1,200 feet wide from the sea to President Roads through Broad Sound by a less direct route than the 35- and 40-foot channels. h. A channel 27 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide from Nantasket Roads to President Roads known as the "Narrows" Channel, 3 miles. i. A channel 15 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 550 feet long through the bar which extends from the north head of Long Island to Nixes Mate Shoal, known as "Nixes Mate" or "Nubble" Channel. f. A channel in Chelsea River 30 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide, from the mouth of the river, at the head of the 35-foot chan- nel in Boston Harbor, to a point about 1 mile upstream of the Chelsea Street 'Bridge, a distance of about 2 miles, thence a chan- ned 8.4 feet deep to the 'Boston & Maine Railroad Bridge 150 feet wide a distance of about one-half mile. k. Improvement of Reserved Channel east of L Street Bridge by a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide. 1. The Fort Point Channel, 23 feet deep and 175 feet wide from its entrance in Boston Harbor, about four-fifths of a mile to the Dorchester Avenue (old Federal Street) Bridge. m. Sea walls of coursed stone and riprap protecting the most exposed headlands and islands. RIVERS AND HARBORS---- NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 21 All depths are referred to mean low water. The mean range of tide is 8.9 feet at Boston Light, and 9.5 feet at Commonwealth Pier, in Chelsea Creek, and in Fort Point Channel. The extreme range is about 4 feet greater. The estimate of cost for new works (1954) is $19,640,000, ex- clusive of amount expended on previous projects of sea walls for which no estimate was given. The latest (1950) approval esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $130,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1825 Preservation of islands by sea walls. Aug. 5,1886 Fort Point Channel_.... ________-- ____-__----. H. Ex. Doc. 206, 48th Cong., 2d sess. Annual Report, 1885, p. 543. Channel 15 feet deep from Long Island to Nixes Mate Annual Report 1887, p. 517. Shoal (Nixes Mate or Nubble Channel). July .13, 1892 Channel 27 feet deep from Nantasket Roads to Presi- Annual Report, 1893, p. 766. dent Roads. Mar. 3,1899 For 300-foot channel from sea to the President Roads H. Doc. 133, 55th Cong., 2d sess. through Broad Sound by less direct route than the Annual Report, 1898, p. 886 35- and 40-foot channels. June 13,1902 For 35-foot channel from the sea to Boston Naval H. Doc. 119, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Shipyard, Chelsea and Charles River Bridges. Annual Report, 1901, p. 1096. Elimination from the project of the removal of Finns Authorized by Chief of Engineers Ledge at the outer entrance. . Mar. 11, 1913. _ Aug. 8, 1917 Depth of 40 feet (45 feet in rocks) in Broad Sound H. Doc. 931, 63d Cong., 2d sess.) Channel. Aug. 30, 1935 2 Present project dimensions of channel from Presi- H. Doc. 244, 72d Cong., 1st sess. dent Roads to Commwealth pier No. 1, East Boston and anchorage area north side of President Roads. Do .____ Present project dimensions of that part of approach Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 channel to U. S. Navy drydock No. 3, at South Doc. 29, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Boston between Main Ship Channel and United States harbor line. . Aug. 26, 193 Chelsea River Channel, 30 feet deep-.......--- ..... Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 24, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Oct. 17, 1940 Reserved Channel 30 feet deep.... . ---- H. Doc. 225, 76th Cong., 1st sess.2 Sept. 7, 1940 Abandons seaplane channel authorized in River and Public Law 420, 78th Cong. Harbor Act approved Oct. 17, 1940 (H. Doc. 262, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). Mar. 2,1945 Extension of 40-foot channel................. H. Doe. 733, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' July 24, 1946 Extension of President Roads Anchorage......-..... H. Doc. 244, 80th Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. See also Annual Report, 1911, p. 1178 (sea walls and Nixes Mate Chan- uel) and Annual Report, 1903, p. 770 (Fort Point Channel). 2 Authorized in part by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 183 wharves and piers in the Harbor, not including the Mystic River, Weymouth Fore River, and Town River, which are reported elsewhere. In addition, there are 4 ferry slips and 2 car floats. Of the terminals, 28 are publicly owned, 3 are open to public use, 77 have mechanical handling facilities, and 57 have railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for the present requirements of commerce. (For the latest full description of Terminal Facilities, see Port Series No. 3--the Port of Boston, Mass., revised 1946.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore project depth in the 39-foot Chelsea River channel, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed on July 28, 1953. During the period a total of 35,076 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. Snagging opera- tions, by hired labor, were carried on throughout the year. Mis- cellaneous inspections and reports were made on the project during 22 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY. 1954 the year. The total costs were $52,384, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 84 percent completed, the remaining portion consisting of dredg- ing the extension of President Roads Anchorage 700 feet to the north and 500 feet to the west at a depth of 40 feet, and dredging an area to 35 feet lying west of the anchorage; and the completion of the 40-foot main ship channel to project width for a distance of about 4,000 feet along the east side at the upstream end of the project. The seawalls have a total length of about 3.75 miles and have been built and maintained on Great Brewster, Lovells, Gall- ups, Long, Rainsford, Deer, and Georges Island and on Point Allerton. The "Nixes Mate" or Nubble Channel was completed in 1892; the 30-foot channel in 1905; and 27-foot channel in 1907; Fort Point Channel in 1909; the 35-foot channel in 1915; the Broad Sound 40-foot channel in 1930; the 40-foot anchorage in 1937; the 30-foot Chelsea River Channel in 1940, except for the small area immediately below the Chelsea Street Bridge which was completed in 1946; and the 30-foot Reserved Channel in 1941. The controlling depths at mean low water in the various im- proved channels of Boston Harbor at the dates they were last sur- veyed were: a. Broad Sound 40-foot channel, 39 feet (1952) b. Main 40-foot ship channel to Commonwealth Pier No. 1, 37 feet in northerly three-quarters of the channel, 34 feet in the southerly quarter (1952), Commonwealth Pier No. 1 to 200 feet northerly of Mystic Pier No. 1, 40 feet (1951). c. Approach to Navy Drydock No. 3, 40 feet (1938). d. President Roads Anchorage; 37 to 39 feet in the northerly half of the anchorage, 40 feet in the remainder (1952). e. Extension to President Roads Anchorage and 35-foot area 15 to 35 feet (1945). f. Broad Sound 35-foot channel, 37 feet (1952). Main 35-foot ship channel, 32 feet (1952). g. Broad Sound, 30-foot channel, 30 feet (1952). h. Narrows Channel, generally 27 feet with the exception of an encroachment 150 feet into the northerly limit of the channel in the vicinity of "Narrows Light," a depth of +5.2 feet on this shoal (1952). i. Nubble Channel, 15 feet (1951). j. Chelsea River, 30 feet (1953), 8.0 feet in the 8.4-foot channel (1936). k. Reserved Channel, 30 feet (1952). 1. Fort Point Channel, 20 feet in three-quarters of the channel width and 16 feet in the easterly quarter (1952). The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds . . . ------------------------ ..-------- $14, 414, 832 $1, 937, 538 $16, 352, 370 .... Public Works funds --------------------------------.. 1, 030, 806 - __-_ 1, 030. 806 Emergency Relief funds -------- - - --- .. 935, 303 ...............---------------- 935, 303 Total.. ........----------------------------------------- 16, 380, 941 1, 937, 538 18, 318, 479 RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ENGLAN) DIVISION 23 In addition $17,767 has been expended from contributed funds, all maintenance funds. Cost and financial summniary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated--------....... $400, 000 $380, 000 -$38, 538 ..........-------------- 2 $17, 846, 064 Cost...----------------- 5,101 225, 222 511, 140 ...... - 217, 846, 064 -.......... Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ 15, 500 73, 000 235, 000 $127, 000 $7, 500 31, 959, 879 Cost................. 2, 431 18, 769 260, 501 124, 059 52, 384 3 1,955, 417 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project. ........................................... ...... $3,259,059 1 Includes $1,465,123 for new work and $17,879 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $935,303 expended for new work from emergency relief funds. Also includes $1,030,806 expended for new work from Public Works funds. 8In addition, $17,767 was expended for maintenance from contributed funds. 13. DORCHESTER BAY AND NEPONSET RIVER, MASS. Location. Dorchester Bay is situated at the mouth of Neponset River, in Boston Harbor. Neponset River rises in Foxboro, Mass., and flows in a northeasterly direction about 25 miles, emptying into Dorchester Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 3CO feet wide from the Boston Harbor main ship channel to Com- mercial Point, thence 15 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the Nepon- set Highway Bridge. The project depths refer to mean low water. The mean range of tide is 9.6 feet and the extreme range is 13.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $770,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: The act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 83, 59th Cong., 2d sess.), provided for the 15-foot channel, and the act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. No. 394, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), provides for the 25- foot channel. The latest published map is in the last project document. Local cooperation. Conditions were imposed by the act of March.2, 1907, that the portion of the river from Neponset High- way Bridge to Milton Mills should be'dredged and maintained by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts or other agency to the depth of 6 feet at mean low water, 100 feet wide up to the Granite Street Bridge, 1.15 miles; 75 feet wide thence to Godfreys Wharf, 1.25 miles; and thence 50 feet wide to the railroad bridge at Milton, a distance of 250 feet. These conditions were accepted by resolves of the Legislature of Massachusetts, approved June 24, 1907, and March 5, 1908. The river was dredged by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1910 and has been maintained periodically by the Commonwealth since that date. Terminal facilities. There are 16 wharves located on these waterways which are used for commercial purposes. 24 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY. 1.954 Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of miscellaneous inspections and reports. Costs amounted to $141, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 22 percent completed, the remaining portion consisting of dredg- ing a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the Boston Har- bor main ship channel to Commercial Point. Controlling depths were 17 feet in Dorchester Bay to about 3,000 feet downstream of Commercial Point; thence 13 feet to Commercial Point (1953); thence 8 feet to the N. Y., N. H. & H. Railroad bridge (1953); thence 13 feet to Neponset Highway Bridge (1953). The costs under the existing project have been $130,341, of which $94,584 was for new work and $35,757 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ... $94, 584 Cost .. ... 94,584 Maintenance: Appropriated - --- i------$.. - $. 000 $3, - $834 35, 757 Cost_ ... _ -... ... . . 2.025 141 35, 757 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project .............. $675 .016 $............ 14. TOWN RIVER, MASS. Location. Town River is a tidal river 2 miles long, lying en- tirely within the limits of the city of Quincy, just south of Boston, Mass. It flows in an easterly direction and empties into Wey- mouth Fore River at Quincy Point. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 65 of Annual Report for 1907, and page 69 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 24 feet deep at mean low water and generally 150 feet wide from deep water in Weymouth Fore River to a point opposite the upstream end of the Quincy Oil Co. terminal, a distance of 6,700 feet, with a turning basin 18 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and roughly 1,000 feet long at the inner end; and a channel 15 feet deep and 100 feet wide, thence to a point just below the plant of the Quincy Electric Light & Power Co., a further distance of 1,370 feet. The mean range of tide is 9.5 feet. The extreme range is 11 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $372,392, including $111,763 contributed by local interests but exclusive of amounts expended under the previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $9,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 96, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of August 26, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 25 1937, requires that local interests contribute 30 percent of the initial cost of the entire improvement, furnish free of cost to the United States a suitably located right-of-way 400 feet wide and spoil disposal areas, bulkheaded where necessary, for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required, and release the United States from all claims for damages attributable to the work of improvement. With the exception of furnishing certain ease- ments, all conditions of local cooperation have been complied with. Terminal facilities. On the south bank of Town River are lo- lated 8 wharves, 3 of which are used for boat building and repair work, 3 used for receipt of petroleum products, 1 for receiving and storing lumber, and 1 for receiving scrap materials. On the north bank of the river is located a yacht building and repair yard. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For full description, see The Port of Boston, Mass.-Port Series 3---Revised 1946. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of preliminary work in connection with a contract executed in April 1954, for maintenance dredging to re- store project depth in the 24-foot channel. Costs amounted to $1,668, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940. Controlling depth is as follows: maintenance dredging in the 24-foot channel in progress (1954), 14 feet in the 15-foot channel (1953), 17.6 feet in the turning basin (1947). The total costs under the existing project have been $445,568, of which amount $372,392 was for new work, including $111,763 contributed funds, and $73,176 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- fiscalicu-ing years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --- --- ------ 2$285,629 Cost- - ---.- -- - ------- -------- 1285, 629 Maintenance: - $ Appropriated --------------- --------------------- $718 $40, 000 124, 085 Cost..----- - . ... . ... " 718 1, 668 85, 753 12 Includes for previous projects. $25,000 for new work and $12,557 for maintenance In addition, $11,763 wasexpended for new work from contributed funds. 15. HINGHAM HARBOR, MASS. Location. Hingham Harbor is situated in the southern part of Hingham Bay, which comprises all that part of Boston Lower Harbor south of Nantasket Roads. The harbor covers an area of 1 square mile, and has extensive mud flats, bare at low tide. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 246.) Previous project. The original project, adopted by the Act of March 3, 1875, was to widen and deepen the. natural channel by dredging and blasting to the width of 100 feet and depth of 8 feet at mean low water from deep water near the head of the harbor up to the vicinity of Hingham wharves, a distance of about 2,500 feet. In 1876, a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep at mean low 26 REPORT OF CHIEF. OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 water was completed for a distance of 2,500 feet to the steamboat wharf, whence it was extended for about 500 feet, with a width of 50 feet and a depth of 8 feet; in 1884, 3 cubic yards of ledge were removed from the channel. Existing project. The existing project is to deepen the im- proved channel, 2,500 feet long, 100 feet wide, to 10 feet at mean low water and remove a midchannel ledge in the lower channel between Langlee Island (formerly called Chandlers) and Ragged Islands. The mean range of tide is 9.5 and the spring range is 11.0 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $19,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,200. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 5, 1886 (H. Ex. Doc. 137, 48th Cong., 2d sess.). By the Act of March 2, 1907, without previous estimate, $10,000 was appropriated for redredging the channel. By the River and Har- bor Act of March 3, 1909, the unexpended balance of this appro- priation was "made available for redredging and improving the channel." The existing project was completed in 1893. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are four small wharves in Hingham Harbor of the solid fill type, faced with granite. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 10-foot chan- nel was completed during the fiscal year at a cost of $493, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1893. In 1911 the channel was redredged to the width of 100 feet and depth of 8 feet at mean low water from deep water near the head of the harbor to the steamboat wharf, a distance of about 2,000 feet, and was also redredged for a further distance of about 500 feet, 50 feet wide and 6 feet deep at mean low water. The channel up to the steamboat wharf was restored to 100 feet wide, 8 feet deep at mean low water in fiscal year 1949. The con- trolling depth in the 10-foot channel to the steamboat wharf is 6 feet (1954). The costs under the existing project have been $70,803, of which $19,000 was for new work and $51,803 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954; includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Appropriated _ ---- I $28, 316 Cost . Cost----- --------- ..........- .. .28, -------------- ---------- ------------------- 316 $.....-2 ' 28, 316 Maintenance: Appropriated------ ----------------- -------------------------------- .493 $493 51,803 51,803 A t e Cost-------- -- - ---------- ------------------------ 493 51,803 I Includes $9,316 for new work for previous projects. 16. PLYMOUTH HARBOR, MASS. Location. This harbor is 45 miles by water south of Boston. Its outer anchorage, the "Cow Yard," is common to Plymouth, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 27 Duxbury, and Kingston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 245.) Previous projects. Adopted by Acts of May 26, 1824, March 3, 1875, 1877, 1884, and 1885. For further details, see page 1746 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 72 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (a) protecting by riprap the sections of Long Beach damaged by the storm of November 1898, and for restoring Eel River to its former course; (b) dredg- ing a channel 18 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide, increased at the entrance and on curves, from the bay to the town wharves, formerly in the areas south of the State Pier, a distance of.about 2.5 miles, with a suitable turning basin at the inner end; (c) dredging a channel 150 feet wide, 15 feet deep at mean low water, extending in a northwesterly direction about 0.3 mile from a point off the site of northerly Craigs wharf (now State pier) with a turning basin 300 feet square, and of the same depth, at its northwesterly end; (d) maintenance of the area dredged to a depth of 18 feet below mean low water by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, connecting the 15-foot channel with the 18-foot channel in the vicinity of the State pier; and (e) dredging an anchorage basin 18 feet deep at mean low water, 850 feet wide, and 2,125 feet in average length on the southeast side of the proj- ect channel near Long Beach. The mean range of tide is 9.6 feet; the extreme range is 13.7 feet. The estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $606,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainten- ance is $12,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 ------------ Beach protection----------............................-------........ Annual Report for 1899, p. 1089. Mar. 4, 1913 Dredging 18-foot channel-----------------------............................. H. Doc. 1194, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Sept. 22,1922 Dredging 15 foot extension, including turning basin.. H. Doc. 996, 66th Cong., 3d sessa June 20,1938 Dredging 18-foot anchorage basin-----------------..................... H. Doc. 577, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' IContains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, provided for an anchorage basin 18 feet deep at mean low water, 850 feet wide, and 2,125 feet in average length on the southeast side of the project channel near Long Beach, provided local inter- ests furnish, free of cost to the United States, spoil-disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance as may be re- quired, and contribute one-third the initial cost of the improve- ment. These conditions have not yet been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves and 5 boatyards. Two of the wharves are publicly owned, 1 by the town of Plymouth and 1 by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. These wharves are open to the public free of charge. The third wharf is used in con- nection with a yacht club. The wharves are of pile and timber construction with timber decks. None of the wharves have rail- road connections. Of the boatyards, two are used for the construc- 28 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tion of new boats and the repair of old boats, and three are used for the servicing and storage of boats. The facilities are consid- ered adequate for the present requirements of commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Partial mainten- ance dredging to 15 feet of the 18-foot channel, and dredging to project depth of the 15-foot channel, by contract, which was in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was completed on 27 January 1954. During the period 191,450 cubic yards of ordinary material and 7.1 cubic yards of boulders were removed at a cost of $164,335, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 25 percent completed. No work has been done on the 18-foot an- chorage basin authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938. Work of protecting by riprap the sections of Long Beach damaged by the storm of 1898 was completed in 1909. Eel River was restored to its former course in 1904. The dredging of a channel 18 feet deep at mean low water was completed in 1915. The 15-foot channel was completed in 1927. The controlling depths were as follows: 15 feet in the center half and 13 and 12 feet respectively in left and right outside quarters entering from seaward in the 18-foot channel, 15 feet in the 15-foot channel, and turning basin to the Town Wharf (1953), + 4 to 18 feet in the 18-foot anchorage (1950). The costs under the existing project have been $555,957, of which $188,571 was for new work and $367,386 for maintenance. In addition, $108,400 has been ex- pended from contributed funds, of which $108,000 was for new work and $400 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work:.. Appropriated-------- -------- ... $377, 218 Cost...--------------------- ------------------------------ -------------- 377, 218 Maintenance: .. Appropriated ..--------- $2, 500 .........------------ $195, 000 $45, 892 379, 056 Cost ---- - - --... -- - - 2,500 - . 66, 900 164, 335 369, 399 I Includes $188,647 for new work and $2,013 for maintenance for previous projects. In addition, $108,000 was expended for new work and $400 was expended for maintenance from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project-----... ----..-.... ------......... .. $417, 429 ........---------.. 17. CAPE COD CANAL, MASS. Location. This waterway is a sea level canal, extending from the head of Buzzards Bay, Mass., to a point on Cape Cod Bay about 15 miles southeast of Plymouth Harbor, Mass. In general direc- tion the canal trends from Buzzards Bay easterly to Cape Cod Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 251 and 1208.) Existing project. This provides for the purchase of the Cape Cod Canal, including a 600-foot jetty and a 3,000-foot breakwater at the east end of the canal at a cost to the United States of $11,500,000; for an open canal 32 feet deep at mean low water, with widths of 540 feet in the land cut, 500 feet in a straight cham RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 29 nel in Buzzards Bay to Wings Neck, and 700 feet beyond Wings Neck; mooring basins consisting of a basin on the south side of Hog Island channel 4,000 feet long, with widths varying from 0 to 400 feet, 32 feet deep at mean low water, and a basin at Sand- wich 3,260 feet long, with widths varying from 0 to 385 feet, and 25 feet deep at mean low water; the construction of two fixed high- way bridges having horizontal clearance of 500 feet, and a vertical clearance of 135 feet at mean high water; the construction of a vertical lift railroad bridge with a 500-foot span and 135-foot clearance above mean high water when the span is raised; an im- proved lighting system; other accessory and minor features which may be deemed necessary and to be in accordance with plans ap- proved by the Chief of Engineers, which include a dike extending southwesterly 10,700 feet from Stony Point, a dike between Hog and Mashnee Islands, a dike between Hog Island and Rocky Point, a small East Boat Basin, 13 feet deep at mean low water on the south bank of the canal, and a small West Boat Basin 18 feet deep at mean low water on the north bank of the canal; a harbor of refuge for small vessels by dredging a channel 150 feet wide and 15 feet deep at mean low water into Onset iBay and to the town wharf in the village of Onset; for enlargement of the 15-foot turn- ing basin at the town wharf and for an anchorage basin of about 16 acres, having a depth of 8 feet below mean low water, located contiguous to the proposed 15-foot channel and turning basin. The land cut is 7.7 miles long, and with approach channels, the total length of the canal is 171/2 miles. The mean range of tide in Cape Cod Bay at the Cape Cod Canal entrance is 9.4 feet and in Buzzards Bay 4 feet at the Cape Cod Canal entrance. The mean range of spring tides is about 13 feet in Cape Cod Bay, and 6.5 feet in Buzzards Bay. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $31,573,000, includ- ing $11,500,000, .purchase price of the canal, and properties which were taken over by the United States on March 31, 1928. The latest approved (1950) estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $600,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 (sec. 2) Purchase of canal from the Boston, ..----------- H. Doc. 139, 67th Cong., 2d Cape Cod & New York Canal Co., ses. in accordance with contract dated July 29, 1921, executed by that com- pany. . Included in Public Works Ad- Construction of 3 bridges and widen- H. Doc. 795, 71st Cong., 3d ministration program, Sept. ing canal to 250 feet. sess. 6, 1933. June 26, 1934 (Permanent Ap- Operation and care of works of im- propriations Repeal Act). . provement provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. Included in Public Works Ad- Construction of a mooring basin...... H. Doc. 795, 71st Cong., 3d ministration program, Apr. sess. 29, 1935. Included in Emergency Relief Dredging and bank protection - program, May 28, 1935. ---------------- Aug. 30, 1935_ Existing project for main canal Rivers and Harbors Committee, adopted. Doc. 15, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' Mar. 2, 1945_ . 15-foot channel and turning basin in H. Doc. 431, 77th Cong., 1st Onset Bay. _ sess.' SContains the latest published maps. 30 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests contribute one-half of the first cost, but not to exceed $48,000, for the channel and turning basin in Onset Bay and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages attributable to the work. It is expected that these requirements will be met. Terminal facilities. There are four terminals on the canal. Three are privately owned, 1 being used for the receipt and freez- ing of fish and 2 for the receipt and storage of oil. The fourth ter- minal is the State pier, owned by the Commonwealth of Massachu- setts, and located on the north bank of the canal at Bourne Neck. The terminals are considered adequate for the purposes for which they are used. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance of the Canal was carried on during the fiscal year with the following results: Maintenance dredging in the land cut in the vicinity of Sagamore Bridge, Hog Island Channel, and Cleveland Ledge Channel, to restore project depth through various areas of shoaling was started in November 1953 and completed in Decem- ber 1953 by the Government hopper dredge Goethals. During this period 345,340 cubic yards, pay place plus natural shoaling, of ordinary material were removed. Further maintenance dredging was started by the Goethals in June 1954 and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During this period 247,828 cubic yards, pay place plus natural shoaling, of ordinary material were re- moved. Condition surveys, by hired labor, were conducted to determine channel depths, dike conditions, and bank stabiliza- tion. Roads, railroads, buildings, grounds, utilities and equipment were maintained by hired labor. The canal was open to naviga- tion, traffic was controlled in passing through, and the lights, power, and signal systems maintained. Necessary repairs were made to maintain the dikes, canal banks, dolphins, floats, docks and fenders, by hired labor. Placing of bituminous seal-coat on service roads along the Canal, by contract, was started in June 1954 and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Miscel- laneous real estate activities were carried on during the fiscal year. Costs amounted to $585,382. The railroad bridge was maintained and operated. New creo- soted wood ties were installed on bridge and approaches and guard timbers and closure plates were renewed with the same tim- ber. A new diesel engine powered auxiliary electric generator unit for the railroad bridge was purchased, by contract, during the fiscal year. Constructions, by hired labor, of a housing unit and installation of the new electric generator for the railroad bridge was initiated and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. New power cables for the railroad bridge were purchased, by contract, during the fiscal year. Costs amounted to $222,809. Total costs during the fiscal year amounted to $808,191, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is substan- tially complete except for dredging the 15-foot channel from deep water in the vicinity of Wickets Island to the town wharf at Onset and enlargement of the 15-foot turning basin at the town wharf, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 31 and an 8-foot anchorage basin contiguous thereto, authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. The canal is crossed by two high-level highway bridges and a vertical lift railroad bridge. The canal in the land cut from the easterly entrance to station 430 has a least bottom width of 480 feet, except opposite the State Pier where the width is 450 feet. From station 430 to Wings Neck (Hog Island Channel) the width is 500 feet and be- yond Wings Neck (Cleveland Ledge Channel), 700 feet. The con- trolling depths at mean low water for this project were: Canal in land cut, 31 feet (1954) ; mooring basin, north side, easterly end, 14 feet (1954) ; Hog Island Channel, 29 feet (1954) ; Cleveland Ledge Channel, 29 feet (1954) ; 9 feet alongside sheet piling bulk- head east entrance, south side (1954) ; 21 feet in mooring basin, south side, westerly end (1954) ; 10 feet in boat basin, south side, east entrance (1954) ; 16 feet in Onset Bay Channel from the Cape Cod Canal to Wickets Island (1943) ; 15 feet in channel to the town wharf and the turning basin at the town wharf (1940) ; with considerable shoaling along the limits; 2 to 6 feet in the 8-foot anchorage. The total costs from regular funds have been $33,203,916, of which $20,437,653 (including the purchase price of $11,500,000) was for new work and $12,766,263 was for maintenance. The total costs from public works funds have been $6,138,157 for new work. The total costs from Emergency Relief appropriation funds have been $4,849,740 for new work. The total costs, all funds, have been $44,191,813, of which $31,425,550 (including the pur- chase price of $11,500,000) was for new work and $12,766,263 was for maintenance. This includes the sum of $1,658,355 ex- pended between March 31, 1928, and June 30, 1935, on the opera- tion and care of the works of improvement under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purpose. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work:.. Appropriated--... ...-------- -------------------------------------..... --------- $31, 425, 550 ------------....----------------------............------------........ Cost-......--.......----..... 31, 425, 550 ........-----------.... Maintenance:_. Appropriated 478, 000 $-------- $535, 000 $445, 000 $638, 070 $788, 500 12, 824, 349 Cost---------------- 436, 163 465, 777 533,983 623,438 808, 191 12,766, 263 1 Includes $6,138,157 for new work from Public Works funds and $4,849, 740 for new work from emer-, gency relief funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ... .....$147,450 - -___.....--... ated for completion of existing project .-. .... 18. POLLOCK RIP SHOALS, NANTUCKET SOUND, MASS. Location. Pollock Rip Channel is the northerly passage through the shoals off the eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound connecting the deep water of the sound with that of the ocean. It is about 33 miles east from the harbor of Vineyard Haven, on the island of Marthas Vineyard, Mass., and 60 miles south from Provincetown 32 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Harbor at the northern extremity of Cape Cod. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 250.) Existing project. This provides for dredging through the shoals at the eastern entrance to Nantucket Sound with a Govern- ment dredge, which is to assist the natural agencies in obtaining such depth and width- as may be found practicable, but not exceed- ing a depth of 30 feet at mean low water and a width of 1 mile. The mean tidal ranges are about 3.7 feet at Monomoy Point, the nearest land, and 6.7 feet at Chatham Light, about 9 miles to the north of this point. The ranges of spring tides at these two points are 4.4 and 7.9 feet. The ranges are largely affected by direction and force of storms. The original expenditure authorized for ex- perimental work was $250,000, and later the operation of a dredge was authorized at an estimated annual cost of $200,000. The cost of the completed project was $1,083,504 for new work. The latest approved (1950) estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 Experimental dredging through the shoals to deter- H. Doc. 536, 62d Cong., 2d sess. mine if a channel could be secured and maintained not over 30 feet deep and not over 1 mile wide. - July 27, 1916 Continuation of work with a Government-owned Rivers and Harbors Committee hopper dredge. Doc. 3, 64th Cong., 1st sess. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1915, page 2056. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 30-foot proj- ect area, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was com- pleted. Costs were $617, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1925. The depths previously secured over the northern tongue of the Stone Horse Shoals have been maintained. A cut 2,000 feet wide has been dredged through Bearse and Pollock Rip Shoals. The controlling depth at mean low water was 29 feet for a middle width of 1,000 feet (1953) ; 11 feet along the southerly quarter (1953) ; 26 feet along the northerly quarter (1953). The costs under the existing project have been $1,083,504 for new work and $734,050 for maintenance, a total of $1,818,009. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated------- ---- ----------------- ------------------ ------------ $1, 083, 504 Cost_---------- ---------- ---------------------------------- ----------- 1, 083, 504 Maintenance: Appropriated.... ------------ $2,100 . 734, 505 Cost . . . 1, 483 $617 734, 505 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 33 19. CROSS RIP SHOALS, NANTUCKET SOUND, MASS. Location. Nantucket Sound lies south of Cape Cod and north of Nantucket and the eastern part of Marthas Vineyard Islands. Cross Rip Shoals are a little southerly and easterly of the geo- graphical center of the sound. They are about 17 miles east from Vineyard Haven on the island of Marthas Vineyard and about 15 miles northwest from Nantucket Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1209.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 4,000 feet wide and 30 feet deep at mean low water between Half Moon Shoal and Cross Rip Shoal, about 1.7 miles. The mean tidal range id about 2 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 3 feet or more. The cost of new works for the completed project was $24,200. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doec. 182, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 30-foot proj- ect channel, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed. Costs were $457, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1931. The controlling depth was 28 feet at mean low water (1953). The costs under the existing project have been $24,200 for new work and $42,654 for maintenance, a total of $66,854. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- ........---- ...------ -------------------------------------- ------- $24, 200 Cost......------------..............--------------------------------------------- ---------- 24, 200 Maintenance: Appropriated---------------- ----------- ..----....-------.. $1, 300 --.......... 42, 654 .... Cost-------------................ ----------------------------------- 843 $457 42, 654 20. CUTTYHUNK HARBOR, MASS. Location. At the eastern end of Cuttyhunk Island, at the west- ern entrance to Buzzards Bay, about 14 miles south of New Bed- ford Harbor, Mass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 297.) Existing project. This provides for a channel generally 75 feet wide and 10 feet deep from the outer harbor to the westerly terminal in Cuttyhunk Pond, about 3,500 feet; an anchorage in the inner harbor 10 feet deep, 900 feet long, and 800 feet wide; and for maintenance of the existing jetties. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 3.4 and 4.2 feet, respectively. The cost of the completed project was 34 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 $27,167 for new work, exclusive of $11,643 contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for cost of annual maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved August 26, 1937. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doc. 81, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Spoil disposal areas for maintenance will be furnished when required. Terminal facilities. Two town wharves of timber and pile construction, having total berthing space of 400 feet, are open to public, use. No mechanical handling facilities are available. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of repairs necessary to re- store the protective barrier for channel maintenance was com- pleted during the fiscal year. Plans and specifications have been completed for repairs to the protective barrier. Total costs during the fiscal year amounted to $2,084, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The controlling depths at mean low water were 9.8 feet in the entrance channel (1952) ; 10 feet through the harbor (1939) ; and 10 feet except for minor shoals to 9 feet in the 10- foot anchorage (1947). The costs from regular funds have been $27,167 for new work and $336,732 for maintenance, a total of $363,899. The costs from contributed funds were $61,643, of which $11,643 was for new work and $50,000 for maintenance. The total costs for all funds were $38,810 for new work and $386,732 for maintenance, a total of $425,542. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work:.. Appropriated---------------- --------------------------------- ---------- $27, 167 Cost.--------- --------------------------------------------- ----------- 27, 167 Maintenance: ._ Appropriated -------- $177, 800 $69, 419 $20, 000 -$31, 210 $51, 958 386, 606 Cost ..---------------- 221, 950 43, 486 22, 228 9, 235 2, 084 336, 732 1 In addition, $11,643 was expended for new work and $50,000 was expended for maintenance from contributed funds. 21. FALL RIVER HARBOR, MASS. Location. Situated at the mouth of Taunton River, on the east side and at the head of Mount Hope Bay, which empties into the ocean through Narragansett Bay and Sakonnet River. It is about 18 miles northerly from Newport Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 353.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, March 3, 1899, June 13, 1902, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1749 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 106 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide adjacent to the waterfront from deep water west of RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 35 Common Fence Point through Mount Hope Bay and the harbor to the wharves above the bridges, with increased width at the bend on the approach below Slades Ferry Bridge, for a turning basin of the same depth about 1,100 feet wide and 850 feet long above the bridges between the Shell and Montaup wharves, for a channel 30 feet deep and generally 300 feet wide extending about 1 mile below Slades Ferry Bridge, for removal of the lower end of Hog Island Shoal to a depth of 30 feet and for the maintenance of the 25-foot anchorage, about 42 acres in area, west of the harbor channel. The length from Hog Island Shoal to the head of the project is about 10.5 miles. The mean tidal range is 4.0 feet, Bristol Point, and 4.4 feet, Fall River, and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 8 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $3,682,000, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3,1930 30-foot channel including Hog Island Shoal and the H. Doc. 158, 71st Cong., 2d sess. maintenance of the 25-foot anchorage. July 24, 1946 35-foot channel and turning basin---------.--------- H. Doc. 628, 79th Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with, to the extent of the work accomplished. Assurances furnished by city of Fall River and town of Tiverton were approved November 2, 1948, by the Assistant Secretary of the Army. Terminal facilities. There are 25 wharves and piers in Fall River Harbor, of which 17 are active and in good condition, 7 are inactive and in poor condition, and 1 is undergoing reconstruction. Two of the wharves are publicly owned. One, owned by the city of Fall River, is used as a landing for excursion boats, and the other, a former steamship terminus, was reconstructed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. It is a large, modern, deep- water terminal for the receipt and shipment of general cargo. The wharves are generally open pile and timber piers extending from solid-filled stone bulkheads. Three have railroad connections and eleven have mechanical handling facilities. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing needs of general commerce. (For a further description of terminal facilities, see Port and Ter- minal Facilities of Southern New England, 1941.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Improvement dredg- ing, by contract, to obtain the 35-foot channel in the vicinity of Slades Ferry and Brightman Street bridges was accomplished during the fiscal year, with the removal of 71,008 cubic yards of hard-packed sand and gravel and 86 cubic yards of boulders. The costs during the fiscal year were $114,351, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 70 percent completed. Improvement dredging, by contract, in the vicinity of Slades Ferry and Brightman Street Bridges, initiated 36 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 in May 1954, was completed in June 1954. Separate contract will be required for removal of ledge rock uncovered during these re- cent dredging operations. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: about 29 feet in the present 30-foot chan- nel; 400 feet wide through Mount Hope Bay (1951) ; 35 feet in 35-foot Turning Basin (1950) ; 35 feet in the 35-foot channel to the Gulf Oil Company wharf, with the exception of boulder areas in the vicinity of Common Fence Point and the Bay Oil Co. wharf where the controlling depths are 32.6 feet and 30.5 feet respectively (1950) ; 35 feet in the 35-foot channel from the Globe wharf to the Shell Oil Co. wharf, with the exception of ledge on west limit of the channel in the vicinity of the Slades Ferry bridge and Bright- man Street bridge. The controlling depth over the ledge is about 30 feet (1954) ; 21 feet in the channel from the Gulf Oil wharf to the Globe wharf (1944) ; 19 feet in the 25-foot anchorage (1942) ; 20 feet on Hog Island Shoal at west edge of channel (1940). To complete the project requires removal of ledge rock at Hog Island Shoal, and completion of the dredging of the 35-foot channel, from the Gulf Oil wharf to the Globe wharf and removal of the ledge in the vicinity of the Slades Ferry and Brightman Street Bridges. The costs under the existing projects have been $2,611,182 for new work and $313,106 for maintenance, a total of $2,924,288, including $2,860 for maintenance dredging at the Firestone wharf under section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940. Cost and financial sumnmary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated-....- - $800, 000 $454, 000 $40, 954 - $140, 000 $2, 967, 950 Cost -------- -- 1, 409, 518 553, 603 65, 394 - -... ... 114, 351 2, 941, 386 Maintenance: Appropriated-....... 39, 000 7, 430--- ------------ - -394, 516 Cost- ------------- 71 46,359 ---------- - ----------- 394,516 1 Includes $330, 204 for new work and $81,410 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 $13, 788 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------...... ......... ----............. 13, 788 .................--------------------- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comp- letion of existing project-........... ........... . . ... 1,044, 254 22. PROVIDENCE RIVER AND HARBOR, R. I. Location. Providence River is formed at the city of Providence by the junction of the Seekonk River and two small streams which rise in northern Rhode Island. It is tidal and flows southerly in a deep channel between broad flats about 8 miles, emptying into Narragansett Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 278.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, March 2 1867, March 3, 1873, June 18, 1878, August 2, 1882, August 5, 1886, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, March RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 37 3, 1905, March 2, 1907, June 25, 1910, and March 4, 1913. For further details, see page 1750, Annual Report for 1915, page 96, Annual Report for 1936, and page 111, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an approach channel 35 feet deep at mean low water and generally 600 feet wide through the river from the deep water of Narragansett Bay opposite North Point on Popasquash Neck to the turn below Field Point, 8.1 miles, and thence with the same depth, and of width ranging up to 1,700 feet to Fox Point, excluding a marginal strip 75 feet wide channel- ward of the established harbor lines, about 2.6 miles. The mean tidal range is about 4.6 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes is 8 feet or more. The cost of the completed project for new work was $2,322,233, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $65,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 173, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. In addition to exten- sive dredging prior to 1900 in the channel from Fox Point to the head of navigation, the city of Providence has since spent about $216,000 in maintaining a 20-foot depth in this channel. Terminal facilities. There are 35 wharves (in use or usable condition), including 1 owned by the State and 5 by the city adjacent to the harbor area, Providence River below Crawford Street, and Seekonk River below Red Bridge. The total available berthing space is 19,170 feet. The municipal wharf at Field Point and the State pier are open to general public use for commercial purposes. One wharf is open to the public upon agreement with the owner. Thirteen of the wharves have rail connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England-1941.) Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 35-foot ap- proach channel and in the harbor was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Costs were $5,325, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1949. Under the existing project, a channel 600 feet wide from the deep water of Narragansett Bay to the turn below Field Point, thence to Fox Point, with a width ranging up to 1,700 feet, has been dredged to a general depth of 35 feet. The head of commercial navigation is at Crawford Street Bridge, about 0.8 mile above Fox Point. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: 33 feet in the channel from abreast North Point to Field Point (1942-1948) ; thence generally 35 feet to Fox Point (1949). The costs under the existing project have been $3,487,- 567, of which $2,322,233 was for new work and $1,165,334 was for maintenance. 38 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated_ _ $210, 000 - $6, 083, 645 Cost---------------- 210, 000 6, 083, 645 Maintenance: Appropriated----... - -30, 544 $100, 000 $120, 000 $276 $9, 0 1,819,145 Cost................. 604, 513 49, 097 184, 306 5, 325 1, 815, 470 1Includes $3,761,412 for new work and $650,136 for maintenance for previous projects. 23. SEEKONK RIVER, R. I. Location. This river rises in the vicinity of Worcester, Mass., and flows in a general southeasterly direction for about 52 miles, emptying into Providence Harbor at Providence. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 278.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1867, July 5, 1884, and March 3, 1899. For further de- tails, see page 1749 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 113 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 16 feet deep at mean low water and 150 to 230 feet wide from Red Bridge up to the ledge rock between the wharves at Pawtucket, 3.2 miles; thence with same depth 100 to 60 feet wide throughout the ledge to Division Street Bridge, 0.2 mile. The mean tidal range is about 4.6 feet at the mouth of the river and about 5 feet at Pawtucket, and the maximum range due to the combined effect of wind and other causes is 8 feet or more, The Federal cost of new work for the completed project was $337,789, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar.. 3, 1905 The 16-foot channel from Red Bridge in Providence, H. Doc. 113, 56th Cong., 1st sess. to Division St. Bridge in Pawtucket. Mar.. 3, 1909 Provisional authorization to deepen the channel to Specified in act. 18 feet at mean low water and increasing the width at such places as would best serve the interests of navigation. Mar. 2, 1919 Widening the channel except through the ledge at H. Doc. 1283, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Pawtucket, to 150 feet. (Contains latest published map.) Sept. 22, 1922 Present project width of channel through the ledge H. Doc. 654, 66th Cong., 2d sess. at Pawtucket. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Including the five terminals at and near Phillipsdale, the facilities cover about 5,260 feet of docking space, of which 700 feet is owned by the State of Rhode Island and 4,560 feet owned' and used by private owners. At the State terminal 100 feet of docking space is available for public use. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 39 ing, by contract, to restore project depth in the 16-foot channel was started on December 22, 1953, and completed on March 2, 1954. During this period 219,123 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed at a cost of $214,748, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1927. The controlling depths at mean low water were 16 feet (1954). The costs under the existing project have been $337,789 for new work and $780,260 for maintenance, a total of $1,118,049. In addition, the sum of $67,792 has been expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ----------- ..-------- , ----------------- ------------------ _ ----- 1$672, 214 Cost---....------....... ------------ ----------- ---------------------- ------------ 672, 214 Maintenance: Appropriated--.....----... -$6, 196 ............ $2, 200 $213, 423 780, 260 -----------...........------------------------------------ Cost................. 575 748 214, 260 780, 1 Includes $334,425 for new work for previous projects. In addition, $67,792 has been expended for new work from contributed funds. 24. PAWCATUCK RIVER, R. I. AND CONN. Location. Rises in Worden Pond, South Kingston, in south central Rhode Island, and flows westerly and southerly, and enters Little Narragansett Bay about 13 miles east of New London Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 358 and 1211.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, August 14, 1876, and August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1752 of the Annual Report for 1915 and page 69 of the Annual Report for 1933. Existing project. This provides for a channel in Little Narra- gansett Bay and in the river 10 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide from Stonington to Avondale, about 4 miles; 100 feet wide from Avondale to the lower wharves at Westerly, about 3 miles; and 40 feet wide between the lower and upper wharves of Westerly, about one-half mile; for the removal of obstruction at Watch Hill, at the southeastern part of Little Narragansett Bay; for a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the mouth of the river into Watch Hill Cove; for an anchorage basin in the cove 10 feet deep and about 16 acres in area; and for a riprap jetty 200 feet in length near the southwest corner of the basin. The mean tidal range is about 2.5 feet and the maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work, (1954) is $266,000, exclusive of $20,000 contributed by local interests, and exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 40 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 Present channel dimensions --------------------H. Doc. 62, 54th Cong., 1st sess.t Mar. 3, 1905 Removal of obstructions near Watch Hill----------........... Specified in act. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel, anchorage and jetty at Watch Hill Cove.... H. Doc. 839, 76th Cong., 3d sess. 1 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are five private wharves in use near the head of navigation. At Watch Hill there are three public wharves and the yacht club wharf with a total of about 500 feet of berthage. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of shoaling in the 10-foot project channel in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Beacon was com- pleted during the fiscal years. Costs were $927, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 71 percent completed. The bay and river channels have been dredged to project dimensions, except that the channel in the bay has a general width of 100 feet, the channel in the river at Paw- catuck Rocks a width of 80 feet, and there is a slight deficiency in depth at the channel edge in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Beacon, due to ledge rock, or large boulders deeply embedded in the bottom. The most obstructive boulders in the vicinity of Watch Hill Cove have been removed, the work being completed in 1913. The extension to the anchorage has been constructed. The controlling depths at mean low water were as follows: 8 feet in the maintained channel from abreast Rhodes Folly Light through Little Narragannsett Bay to abreast Stanton Weir Point, thence 7 feet to the upstream limit of the Federal project. An encroachment at Sandy Point in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Light narrows the channel to a width of about 60 feet and a depth of 9 feet (1952); 10 feet in channel from mouth of the river to Watch Hill Cove anchorage basin (1949); and 10 feet in major portion of Watch Hill Cove anchorage (1949). To complete the project requires widening of the channel to 200 feet to Avondale, the removal of rock at Pawcatuck Rocks and in the vicinity of Rhodes Folly Light. The costs under the existing project have been $181,777 for new work and $209,652 for maintenance, a Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated..-------- $68, 500 -$2, 058 ----------------------- 315, 134 1 $------------ Cost--------------- 96, 352 --------------------------------- 315,134 Maintenance: Appropriated _ 700 . -.-...... -- . $2, 879 $1, 000 209, 725 Cost ----------------- 700 ------------------------ 2, 879 927 209, 652 1Includes $133,357 for new work for previous projects. In addition, $20,000 was expended for new work from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 41 total of $391,429. In addition $20,000 was expended from con- tributed funds for new work. 25. NEW LONDON HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, at its east- ern end and about 14 miles east of the mouth of the Connecticut River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 293.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, March 3, 1881, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see Annual Reports for 1915 and 1938, pages 1753 and 116, re- spectively. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel gener- ally 600 feet wide, widened at the approach to the State Pier 33 feet deep and about 3.8 miles long from deep water in Long Island Sound to the State Pier, a channel 400 feet or more in width, 23 feet deep, and about 6,000 feet long skirting the water front of the city; branch channels 23 feet deep in Winthrop Cove and east of Central Vermont Railroad pier generally 250 feet wide, 1,500 feet long and 100 feet wide, 1,000 feet long, respectively; a maneuvering area 0 to 450 feet wide, 23 feet deep, west of the main channel and south of the State Pier; and for dredging Shaw Cove to a depth of 15 feet. The plane of reference is mean low water, the mean tidal range being 2.6 feet. The maximum tidal range, due to the combined effects of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The cost of new work for the complete project was $567,974, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest approved (1950) estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Waterfront channel and branch channels in Win- H. Doc. 392, 56th Cong., 1st sess. throp Cove and east of Central Vermont Railroad pier. June 25, 1910 Dredging in Shaws Cove___.__ ______ ________ H. Doc. 329, 60th Cong., 1st sess.z July 27,1916 ---- Entrance channel__----...............----------................ H. Doc. 613, 63d Cong., 2d sess.' Aug. 26, 1937 Maneuvering area and present project extent of en- Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 trance channel. Doc. 82, 74th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These comprise 44 wharves and piers in a developed frontage of about 3 miles. Five piers are 'owned and used by the Federal Government, 1 owned by the city, and 1 by the State. Seven of the wharves are entirely or in part open to general public use and two by agreement with the owners. Three wharves have direct rail connections. The total available berthage space is about 27,000 feet. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities at the Ports of Southern New England.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine the extent of shoaling in the 33-foot main channel project and in the 23-foot waterfront channel project 42 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 was completed during the fiscal year. Costs were $5,788, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. The controlling depths at mean low water were: 29 feet in entrance channel from Long Island Sound to State Pier, not full width (1954); 20 feet in waterfront channel (1954); 22 feet in Winthrops Cove and east of C. V. Ry. Pier (1941); 23 feet in maneuvering area (1954); 15 feet (except minor shoals) in Shaws Cove (1941). The costs under the existing project have been $567,974 for new work and $224,825 for maintenance, a total of $792,799. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: ..--------------------------.......-----... Appropriated......-------- --------.................. $608, 774 ------..............------ Cost-------------------------- -------------------------- ---------------------- 1608, 774 Maintenance: Appropriated ................................-----------------------------------------------........... $5,800 224, 837 Cost-------------------- ------------------------------------ 5, 788 224,825 1Includes $40,800 for new work for previous projects. 26. THAMES RIVER, CONN. Location. This a tidal estuary varying in width from about 400 feet to three-fourths of a mile, and extending from the junc- tion of the Yantic and Shetucket Rivers at Norwich, Conn., 15 miles southerly to Long Island Sound at New London. (See United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 359.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836, and March 3, 1879. For further details, see page 1754 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 118 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 250 feet wide to the upper end of Bartlett Crossover and thence to Norwich generally 200 feet wide, with increased width in the bends, through Long Reach, and at the head of navigation, a total distance of about 8.6 miles; for widening the channel opposite the submarine base by an average of about 350 feet with a depth of 20 feet, the construction of five training walls of pile and stone or riprap, having their tops at mean high water and with an aggregate length of about 13,800 feet, located, respectively, at Monhegan, Trading Cove, Long Rock, Rolling Mill, and Norwich, and the removal of obstructions in the Shetucket River at Nor- wich. The plane of reference is mean low water, the mean tidal range being 2.6 feet at New London, and 3.1 feet at Norwich. The maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 7 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,360,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $31,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 43 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 2,1882 Training walls------------ ------------------ Annual Report, 1882, p. 606. June 25, 1910 Removal of obstructions in the Shetucket River...... H. Doc. 397, 61st Cong. 2d sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Channel 18 feet deep above Allyns Point---....- -...H. Doc. 107, 69th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions of channel up to Allyns Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Point. Doc. 14, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of channel above Allyns Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Point. Doc. 18, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 Increased width opposite submarine base, 20 feet deep. H. Doc. 367, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Wharves along the river and at Norwich are mainly of the bulkhead type, both with and without pile aprons. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore project depth in the 25-foot channel from the Submarine Base to Allyns Point was started on March 17, 1954, and completed on May 1, 1954. During this period 158,480 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed at a cost of $136,263, all maintenance funds. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The existing project was sub- stantially completed. The training walls were completed in 1906, except the upper end of the Rolling Mill Dike, which is replaced by adjacent shore improvements. The training walls are in 'fair condition. The widening opposite the submarine base was com- pleted in 1940 by the Navy Department. To complete the project requires slight widening of the channel at the upper end of Long Reach. The head of navigation is at Norwich, about 15 miles above the mouth. The, controlling depth is 25 feet in the 25-foot channel from the south end of the U. S. Submarine Base to Allyns Point (1954), thence 22 feet in the middle half and 17 feet in the outside quarters to Monhegan Dike Light, thence 24 feet in the westerly three quarters and 19 feet in the easterly quarter to the head of the project at Norwich (1953). The costs under the existing project have been $1,323,571 for new work and $908,750 for maintenance, a total of $2,232,321. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated--... ------------- ------------------------------ ------------- $1, 471, 919 Cost---------------------------------------------------- -- ------- ----- 1, 471, 919 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $153,811 ----------------------- $3, 600 $143, 100 952, 283 Cost ........--------------........ 274, 599 ------------------------ 3, 501 136, 263 945, 346 1Includes $148,348 for new work and $36,596 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project.............................................. ............ $36, 429 44 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 27. CONNECTICUT RIVER BELOW HARTFORD, CONN. Location. This river has its source in Connecticut Lake in northern New Hampshire, flows southerly 380 miles, and empties into Long Island Sound at Saybrook, Conn., 14 miles west of New London. Hartford, now the head of commercial navigation, is 52 statute miles, by channel, from the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 215, 266, 267.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 14, 1836, and July 11, 1870. For further details, see page 1754, Annual Report for 1915, and page 120, Annual Report for 1938. Project for Eightmile River, Conn.: Elimination as separate project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from deep water in the Connecticut River to Hamburg and for turning basin of the same depth, 150 wide, approximately 300 feet long at Hamburg. The project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. The costs and expenditures have been $9,000, all for new work. In accordance with the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, the project for Connecticut River below Hartford was modified to include the project for Eightmile River, which was eliminated as a separate project. The afore- mentioned act also provided for an anchorage basin 6 feet deep and about 6.5 acres in area in the upper cove at Hamburg. Existing project. This provides for a channel 15 feet deep at mean low water, 300 feet wide from the mouth to the Lyme rail- road bridge, about 3.4 miles, and thence 150 feet wide to Hart- ford, a total distance of 52 miles, the channel to be obtained by dredging and the construction of dikes, training walls, revet- ments, and the accessory works; for two riprap jetties at the mouth of the river, the tops to be 5 feet above high water and 6 feet wide, the easterly one about 2,300 feet and the westerly about 2,750 feet in length; for a training dike about 3,700 feet long at Hartford, and for anchorage 11 feet deep, about 12 acres, and one, 6 feet deep, about 17 acres, in North Cove, Old Saybrook, with an entrance channel 11 feet deep and 100 feet wide; for a channel 8 feet deep, 75 feet wide about 1.5 miles in length from the Connecticut River to Hamburg; a turning basin of the same depth 150 feet wide and 300 feet long at Hamburg; and an anchorage area at Hamburg 6 feet deep, about 6.5 acres in area, in Eightmile River. The mean tidal range is 3.5 feet at the mouth, and at summer stage is about 1 foot at Hartford. The maximum tidal range at the mouth due to wind or other causes, is 8 feet or more. At Hartford the usual rise due to spring freshets is between 16 and 24 feet above mean low water. The maximum recorded freshets at Hartford (March 1936) was 35.5 feet above mean low water. Below Middletown the height of the crest of the freshet decreases rapidly. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,339,000, ex- clusive of $85,500 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $90,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 45 Acts Work authorized Documents June 10, 1872 Jetties at the mouth----------.................. --- Present project dimensions ap- proved by the Chief of Engi- neers, Dec. 22, 1887. Mar. 3,1881 The Hartford dike_--_-- ----------------- Present project dimensions author- ized by the Chief of Engineers in 1889. June 25,1910 Channel and turning basin in Eightmile River----....... H. Doc. 327, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Feb. 27,1911 Present project dimensions of the channel over Say- H. Doc. 1294, 61st Cong., 3d sess. brook bar. Mar. 2, 1919 Dikes, training walls, and revetments----....--------- H. Doc. 132, 65th Cong., 1st sess' 1 Aug. 30,1935 Present project dimensions of channel and additional H. Doc. 49, 73d Cong., 1st sess. dikes, training walls revetments, and accessory works. May 24,1937 Park River declared nonnavigable----------....-.. Ltr. Sec. War, Apr. 21, 1937. Mar. 2,1945 Channel and anchorages, North Cove, Old Saybrook. H. Doc. 368, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' May 17,1950 Channel, anchorage, and turning basin, Eightmile H. Doc. 6664 80th Cong., 2d sess. River. 1Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, authorized the 15-foot channel up to Hartford and additional dikes, training walls, and revetments, subject to provision that local interests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material during initial construction and for future maintenance as and when needed. Areas have been furnished where required and it is understood that future requirements will be met. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the channel and anchor-. ages in North Cove subject to the provisions that local interests contribute in cash $67,500, but not to exceed 50 percent of the initial construction cost and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide a suitable public landing in the cove. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, author- ized the channel, anchorage, and turning basin in Eightmile River, provided that local interests contribute in cash 50 percent of the initial cost of dredging, but not to exceed $18,000; construct public landing facilities of a design satisfactory to the Chief of Engineers; provide suitable spoil disposal areas, as and when re- quired, for new work and subsequent maintenance; and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. It is expected that these conditions will be met. Terminal facilities. On both the Connecticut and Eightmile Rivers there are two or three wharves at each, of the river towns, one or more in each town being open to public use. At Hartford and at Middletown there is approximately one-half of wharf frontage along the west bank of the river. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of repairs necessary to restore the east jetty at Saybrook was completed during the fiscal year. Mainte- nance dredging, by contract, to restore project depth in the 15- foot channel from the mouth of the river to Hartford was started on September 9, 1953, and completed on December 10, 1953. Dur- ing this period 356,495 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. The total costs during the fiscal year were $206,081, all maintenance funds. 46 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 62 percent completed. The 15-foot channel from the mouth to Hartford, was completed in 1937. The Saybrook jetties and training walls at Hartford, Clay Banks, and Sears Shoal were completed in 1915. The stone dikes and timber spurs at Pistol Point, Glastonbury, Press Barn, Naubuc, Cys Hollow, and Clay Banks were completed in 1927 and those at Wethersfield in 1947. Timber pile dikes at Press Barn were completed in 1940 and at Glastonbury Bend in 1943. The Clay 'Banks, Cys Hollow, Naubuc, Press Barn, Glastonbury (including Two Piers), and Gildersleeve Island reaches have been revetted. The jetties at Saybrook need repairs. The training walls, dikes, and revetments are generally in good condition. To complete the project requires the construc- tion of additional permanent works; dredging the channel and anchorage in North Cove, Old Saybrook, Connecticut, and the dredging of the 6-foot channel, turning basin, and anchorage in Eightmile River at Hamburg. The head of commercial navigation is at Hartford, 52 miles by channel from the mouth. A dam at Holyoke, Mass., 34 miles above Hartford, completely interrupts navigation. The controlling depths at mean low water are gen- erally 15 feet to Hartford (1953) ; 1-foot in entrance channel to North Cove (1938); 0 feet in anchorages in North Cove (1938); 7 feet in channel and basin in Eightmile River (1946); 1 to 6 feet in anchorage at Hamburg (1946). The costs under the existing project have been $858,556 for new work which includes $9,000 of completed new work (existing project) transferred from Eightmile River project and $2,209,244 for maintenance, a total of $3,067,800. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated -----.......------------ 2 $1, 145, 930 Cost------- -------------------------------------------------------- 2 1, 145, 930 Maintenance: Appropriated ....- - $58, 000 $160, 000 $10, 000 -$23, 780 $202, 951 2, 577, 349 Cost---- _-------. -- 250, 692 10, 094 125, 409 7,149 206, 081 2, 575, 592 1 Includes $287,374 for new work and $366,348 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Includes $9,000 expended for new work for subproject: "Eight Mile River, Conn." Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project .. __ - ------ ........ ........ _.................... . $480, 444 28. MILFORD HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 8 miles west of New Haven Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 219.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of June 23, 1874, June 18, 1878, June 14, 1880, and August 2, 1882. For further details, see Annual Report for 1915, page 1756, and Annual Report for 1938, page 129. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 47 Existing project. This provides for two riprap jetties 510 and 250 feet in length on the east and west sides, respectively, of the entrance to the river; a channel across the bar and through the lower harbor 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Merwin's wharf, a distance of about 3,000 feet; an anchorage basin of the same depth, of about 6 acres east of the channel; a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide, widened at bends and at the upper end, from Merwin's wharf to 400 feet above the town wharf, about 3,000 feet; and for an anchorage basin west of the channel inside of the entrance 2,000 feet long and 7.8 acres, 10 feet deep in the lower 600 feet and 8 feet deep above. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges are 6.6 and 7.8 feet, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $95,000, exclusive of $11,380 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 2, 1874 East jetty at the mouth of the river .. _--------------- H. Ex. Doc. 107, 42d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report 1873, p. 1042. West jetty at the mouth of the river ...-------------- Authorized by Department Oct. 16, 1879, Annual Report for 1879, p. 342. June 13, 1902 Entrance channel and anchorage basin east of it-.... H. Doc. 280, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Anchorage west of the channel and present project H. Doc. 77, 75th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions of the channel above Merwin's wharf. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Spoil disposal areas are required for maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are three bulkhead wharves near the entrance used by the oyster industry. The town wharf near the head of navigation is open to public use. The Connecticut State Shellfish Commission operates a small wharf not open to the public. There are also several yacht landings. The facilities are ample for existing traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 10-foot and 8-foot project channels and in the 10-foot and 8-foot project anchorage basins was completed during the fiscal year. Costs were $906, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 55 per- cent completed. Work remaining to be done consists of a portion of the 10-foot anchorage basin east of the channel where ledge rock prevents completion at reasonable cost. The jetties were completed in 1880. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 9 feet to Merwin's Wharf (1953) thence 4 feet to the head of the project (1953) ; 0 to 10 feet in the East Basin (1931) ; 7 feet in the West Basin (1953). The costs under the existing project have been $145,933, of which $46,376 was for new work and $99,557 was for maintenance. In addition $11,380 was ex- pended from contributed funds for new work. 48 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated--------- ------------ - ........ - . - --.- . -. ---- .$88, 716 Cost----- ----------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- 88, 716 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $500 .-----..------..--------..------------ $906 102, 717 Cost....----------------- 263 $237 .----------------------- 906 102, 717 1 Includes $42,340 for new work and $3,160 for maintenance for previous projects. s In addition, $11,380 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project...-... ...........................-..-.......... ... . $48, 624 .... 29. SOUTHPORT HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 50 miles east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 220.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1829, and modified in 1876 and 1881. A second project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. For further details, see Annual Reports for 1915 and 1936, pages 1758 and 121, respectively. Existing project. This provides for a stone breakwater about 1,320 feet long at the harbor mouth; a 1,350-foot dike along the east side of the harbor; a channel 9 feet deep to the upper end of the wharves, 100 feet wide from Long Island Sound to opposite East Main Street, thence 400 to 175 feet wide; and for an anchor- age basin 6 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 500 feet long. The reference plane is mean low water, the mean tidal range being 6.9 feet. The maximum range, due to the combined effect of wind and other causes, is 11 feet or more. The cost of new work for the completed project was $54,213, including $16,500 contributed by local interests but exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1829 Breakwater and dike--------------------------................................. Annual Report for 1871, p. 824. Aug. 30, 19351 Anchorage basin and present channel dimensions-..... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 36, 74th Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest published map.) I Also Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of May 28, 1935. Local cooperation. Fully compiled with. Terminal facilities. The several small wharves and private landings for pleasure craft are ample for existing traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 9-foot project channel and in the 6-foot project anchorage was com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 49 pleted during the fiscal year. Costs were $623, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1936. The dikes are in fair condition and the break- water is in good condition. The channel was restored to project dimensions in 1948. The controlling depths at mean low water are: 7 feet in the 9-foot channel from Long Island Sound to about 200 feet south of the Southport Breakwater Light, thence a shoal about 200 feet wide extending across the channel in the vicinity of the Southport Breakwater Light, having a depth of 2 feet in the easterly half, and 6-feet in the westerly half of the channel, thence 6 feet to the 6-foot anchorage; 5 feet in the 6-foot anchor- age to the upstream limit of the Federal Project (1954). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ...------------------------------------------------------------ $96, 927 Cost Cost Maintenance: ... ......... ---------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 927 2'296, 96, 927 Appropriated --- ----------------------------------------------- $623 42, 224 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ ------------ 623 42, 224 1 Includes $59,213 for new work and $8,932 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $37,714 expended for new work from emergency relief funds. In addition, $18,285 has been expended for new work from contributed funds, of which $1,785 was for work outside the approved project. 30. NORWALK HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, about 40 miles east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 221 and 1213.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 3, 1896, and March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1757 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 137 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep from the outer harbor to the highway bridge at South Norwalk, about 3.1 miles, 200 feet wide to Gregory (Dorlon) Point, thence 150 feet wide to South Norwalk, and 250 feet wide along the South Norwalk wharves, thence a channel 10 feet deep and generally 100 feet wide to the head of navigation about 1.5 miles; an anchorage basin 10 feet deep and about 17 acres in area opposite Fitch Point; a channel 6 feet deep from the 10-foot anchorage to East Norwalk, 125 feet wide to the bend beyond Third Street, thence 150 feet wide to the head, a total distance of 2,900 feet; and for an irregular-shaped anchorage basin of about 7 acres, 6 feet deep adjacent to the upper portion of the East Norwalk channel. All depths refer to mean low water. The mean and spring tidal ranges at South Norwalk are 7.1 and 8.4 feet, respec- tively. The cost of new work for the completed project was $368,612, exclusive of $34,500 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The 50 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 South Norwalk and Norwalk channels; 10-foot an- H. Doc. No. 1143, 63d Cong., 2d chorage. sess. Mar. 2,1945 East Norwalk channel widening and anchorage--...... H. Doec. No. 220, 76th Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two city wharves, neither of which is in usable condition. There are 19 private wharves in use or in usable condition having a total berthing space of about 3,100 feet. One has rail connections. None of the private wharves are open to general use. The public wharves are inade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England, 1941.) Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 10-foot project channel from the Washington Street Bridge to Norwalk was completed during the fiscal year. Maintenance dredging, by contract, to restore project depths in the 12-foot main channel and in the 6-foot East Norwalk channel was started on May 4, 1954, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Dur- ing the period 107,671 cubic yards of ordinary material were removed. The total costs during the fiscal year were $70,406. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: maintenance dredging in progress in the 12-foot channels from Long Island Sound to the Washington Street Bridge (1954), thence 5 feet to the head of navigation in Norwalk (1953); 6 to 12 feet in the basin at Norwalk (1940); 5 feet in the 10-foot anchorage basin (1953); maintenance dredging in progress in the 6-foot East Norwalk channel from Fitch Point Light to the upstream limit of the Federal project (1954); 4 feet in the 6-foot anchorage basin, East Norwalk (1954). The costs under the existing project have been $368,612 for new work and $282,384 for maintenance, a total of $650,996. In addition, $35,500 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated........ $22,000------------ -$20, 077 ...........------------ 2 $531, 129 Cost --------------- 113,344 -$2, 171----------------- ---- .2 531, 129 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ --.....-----...---.... 200 -.......... 3, 000 $165, 000 443, 488 Cost.------------------- ---------- 200 -.......-.. - 2,609 70,406 348, 504 1Includes $162,517 for new work and $66,120 for maintenance for previous projects. I In addition, $34,500 was expended for new work from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 51 31. STAMFORD HARBOR, CONN. Location. On the north shore of Long Island Sound, 32 miles east of New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 221.) Previous projects. Adopted by the acts of August 5, 1886, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1758 of Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 139 of Annual Report for 1948. Existing project. This provides for two detached breakwaters; one 1,200 feet long on the easterly side, and one 2,900 feet long on the westerly side of the channel at the entrance to the harbor; an entrance channel 18 feet deep, 200 feet wide to the upper end of the 18-foot anchorage, about 0.55 mile, and thence 15 feet deep to the junction of the branches, about 0.5 mile; a channel in the west branch 15 feet deep, 125 feet wide, and about three-fourths of a mile long, and a basin of the same depth at the head of the branch of such widths as to exclude extensive rock excavation along the northeast side; a channel in the east branch 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide, with increased width at the turns, to a point 1,100 feet from the head of navigation, thence of the same depth and from 85 to 125 feet wide to the head of navigation, a total distance of about 1.5 miles; and anchorage basin 18 feet deep on the west side of the 18-foot entrance channel, 600 feet wide, and 1,000 to 1,900 feet long, and an anchorage basin 8 feet deep adjacent to the East Branch Channel, about 4.2 acres. The plane of reference is mean low water, the mean tidal range being about 7.2 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to the combined effects of wind and other causes, is 12 feet or more. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $881,000, exclusive of $169,635.85 contributed by local interests, and exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 he East Branch channel and the present project H. Doc. 1130, 63d Cong., 2d sess. width of the entrance channel. Aug. 30,1935 The 8-foot anchorage area, the present project depth Rivers and Harbors Committee of the upper portion of the entrance channel, and Doc. 8, 74th Cong., 1st sess. the present project dimensions of the West Branch channel and basin. Aug. 26,1937 The breakwaters, the 18-foot anchorage basin, and Rivers and Harbors Committee present project depth of the outer section of the Doc. 29, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' entrance channel. July 24,1946 Substituted 8-foot anchorage basin adjacent to East H. Doc. 676, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' Branch channel for that in outer harbor. 1Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. The-conditions of local cooperation imposed by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1919, and August 26, 1937, have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the 8-foot anchorage basin adjacent to the East Branch channel subject to the condition that responsible local agencies furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way and spoil dis- 52 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 posal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; construct concurrently the necessary bulkheads, piers, landing platforms, and service facilities which shall be open to all on equal terms; and hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the improvement. Local interests were informed under dates of September 22, 1948, April 5, 1949, May 13, 1949, and December 14, 1949, of the above-mentioned require- ments of local cooperation. No statement has been received as to when and if these requirements will be met. Terminal facilities. There are 21 privately owned wharves and piers and one city wharf in use adjacent to the channels in the East and West Branches. The total available berthage is about 4,500 feet. None of the wharves is open to general public use, except the city wharf. Two have direct rail connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce, but ad- ditional pleasure-craft facilities are needed. (For further details, see Port and Terminal Facilities of Southern New England, 1941). Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey, by hired labor, to determine extent of shoaling in the 18-foot proj- ect entrance channel, the 15-foot project West Branch channel and basin and the 12-foot project East Branch channel was completed during the fiscal year. Costs were $2,033, all maintenance funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 91 percent completed. The East Branch channel has been com- pleted except for a slight deficiency in width opposite Ludlow Street. The West Branch channel and entrance channel north of the 18-foot anchorage have been dredged to 15 feet and all of the basin similarly deepened. The 18-foot entrance channel and 18- foot anchorage basin have been substantially completed. The con- trolling depths at mean low water are as follows: 17 feet in the 18-foot entrance channel (1954) ; 15 feet in the 15-foot entrance channel (1954) ; 15 feet in the West Branch Channel to abreast Cook Point, thence 13 feet in the easterly half and 15 feet in the westerly half to the turning basin (1954) ; 15 feet in the down- stream half and 12 feet in the upstream half of the 15-foot West Branch turning basin (1954) ; 8 feet in the 12-foot East Branch Channel (1954) ; 16 feet in the 18-foot anchorage (1954). To complete the project requires a slight widening (not essential to navigation) in the East Branch channel opposite Ludlow Street Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated------- ------------- -$53, 619 ------------------- $892, 824 2------- Cost----------------- $138----------------------- ---------- ----------- 892, 824 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------ 2, 500 230, 582 Cost-------- -------------------------------------------- 2, 033 230,115 1Includes $135,143 for new work and $59,420 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $169,636 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project..................................................... $123, 319 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 53 and the dredging of the 8-foot basin adjacent to the East Branch channel. Costs under the existing project have been $928,376, of which $757,681 was for new work and $170,695 was for mainte- nance. In addition, costs have been $169,636 from contributed funds for new work. 32. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Costs to June 30, 1954 full Estimated report, amount Name of project see Operation required to annual Con- and main- complete report struction tenance 1. Bagaduce River, Maine 1 ----------------.......................--- 1912 $28, 000 $50, 000 2. Bar Harbor, Maine---........----.------ ---- 1932 406, 591 ... .. 75, 400 3. Bass Harbor Bar, Maine-...........-........... .. 1920 4, 076 3, 418 (*) 4. Beals Harbor, Maine..----------------------- 1949 .--..................... 200, 000 5. Bellamy River, N. H. 1 4 --------........... 1897 34, 643 .--...-.-.... (*) 6. Beverly Harbor, Mass._--------....------ - 1951 197, 565 1, 718 (*) 7. Block Island (Harbor of Refuge, R. I.) 1........... 1953 576, 856 445, 202 49, 000 8. Block Island (Great Salt Pond, R. I.) 0 s........... 1953 189, 037 96, 047 6 7 452, 000 9. Boothbay Harbor, Maine 4. . .. . 1953 18, 000 858 (*) 10. Branford Harbor, Conn.................-- .-..-. . 1953 9, 537 119, 346 (*) 11. Bridgeport Harbor, Conn........................-- . 1953 2, 206, 898 * 750, 779 113, 000 12. Bucksport Harbor, Maine--------............-..-- 1907 18, 421 279 (*) 13. Burial Hill Reach, Conn.-- ------------------ 19590------------------------10 8,000 14. Buttermilk Bay (Channel), Mass.-:_________ -: 1953 31, 676 . .----------. (*) 15. Camden Harbor, Maine ---------------.-.- 1945 72, 400 31, 075 (*) 16. Canapitsit Channel, Mass. 4....................... 1899 9, 113 ............. (*) 17. Carvers Harbor, Maine --.. ---- 1915 16, 000 .........-.. (*) 18. Cathance River, Maine 1 4- 1884 21, 000 ...... (*) 19. Chatham (Stage) Harbor, Mass.----..... - -..1953- .... 11157, 000 20. Clinton Harbor, Conn.....-.--......---.. 1952 12 79, 005 1, 917 () 21. Coasters Island (Harbor), R. I. 4 1s................ 1911 5, 500 13, 052 (*) 22. Cobscook Bay, Maine 1 --- ---- 1866 4, 173 . - (*) 23. Cocheco River, N. H. 1 4 ----- ---.............. 1913 119, 089 9, 643 (*) 24. Cohasset Harbor Mass. ----- ....--.. 19.--4----.... 1949 .14 165, 000 25. Compo Beach, W5estport, Conn. ....------ .. 1950 --- -- - 15 55, 000 26. Connecticut River (Above Hartford), Conn. 1i.... 1932 116, 324 14, 374 17 12, 784, 000 27. Criehaven Harbor, Maine--......................... 1939 40, 776 7, 956 (*) 28. Damariscotta River, Maine 2 4_ --...........---.. 1906 5, 000 _----....-...-(*) 29. Deer Island Thoroughfare, Maine --------------- 1916 40, 000 ............. (*) 30. Duck Island Harbor Conn.... ------- ---- 1953 367, 298 346, 319 (*) 31. Duxbury Harbor, Mass....._____ 1949 - 18195, 000 32. East Boothbay Harbor, Maine..- ---------- - 1953 6, 500 16, 448 (*) 33. Edgartown Harbor, Mass. Is ____ 1943 1925, 614 ............ (*) 34. Essex River, Mass... ----------- ---------- 1948 21, 799 64 60, 050 (*) 35. Exeter River, N. H. 2 ...... .-------- 1913 27, 454 ............. (*) 36. Falmouth Harbor, Mass.........---------------------. 1948 55,000 o------------- 37. Fivemile River Harbor, Conn. a 21- - . 1953 35,490 31, 311 14,500 38. Georges River, Maine -- --.............--------- 1935 25, 788 39, 566 (*) 3 9. G re e n wic h B ay , R . I.- Is . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18 9 3 2 , 0 0 0 - - - - - - . - - -.. - (*) 40. Greenwich Harbor, Conn.------.... ------- 1953 22 181, 741 s 64, 139 (*) 41. Guilford Harbor, 4Conn...............-------.... 1949 24 110, 000 42. Harraseeket River, Maine 24...................... 1896 30, 963---- - (*) 43. Hay (West) Harbor, Fishers Island, N. Y. Is...... 1931 8, 401 .. (*) 44. Hendricks Harbor, Maine---..... .--- -- --- 1949 --.-..-..--. _........... 15, 000 45. Housatonic River, Conn.---.........................1953 234, 365 65 25 297, 743 1, 250 000 46. Hyannis Harbor, Mass.... .---------------------- 1951 197, 383 56, 265 2 234, 400 47. Isle Au Haut Thoroughfare, Maine.....-......... 1949 65, 000 48. Ipswich River Mass .. -- ---..... -. 1950 5, 618 2, 151 (*) 49. Jennings Beach and Ash Creek, Conn.-_________ 1950 _ - 2715, 000 50. Josias River, Maine_--..-.. .- _---.. -...---.-.--. 1952 2830, 658- -.- - (*) 51. Kingston Harbor (North Plymouth), Mass. 2...... 1895 8, 940 _--- - (*) 52. Lake Winnepesaukee, N. H.-..-_. ------ 1952 7, 500 29, 651 (*) 53. Lamprey River, N. H. 2 -.......................... 1913 19, 980 8, 268 (*) 54. Little Harbor, N. H. 4 29--......................... 1909 133, 227 3, 122 (*) 55. Little Harbor, Woods Hole, Mass. s -- ---------- 1906 18, 000 --------- (*) 56. Lubec Channel, Maine-........-------------_____ . 1950 134, 411 7, 067 (*) 57. Lynn Harbor, Mass......------------------------.. . ...............-----........ 1951----- 720, 000 58. Machias River, Maine 2 4-- 1877 32, 000 -----.---.-. (*) 59. Malden River, Mass. so.....- 1922 s1 79, 866 45, 097 (*) 60. Manchester Harbor, Mass.----------...... .----.1949 470, 000 61. Marblehead Harbor, Mass..------... ------- 1945 ........... 584 ' 235, 000 62. Matinicus Harbor, Maine---_____ 4 - _______...... 1952 14, 000 8, 413 (*) 63. Mattapoisett Harbor, Mass. ...... . .------- 1950 s 57, 000 64. Medomak River, Maine_---------.....----- . -1953 17, 000 91, 593 (*) 65. Menemsha Creek, Marthas Vineyard, Mass... 1953 5 56, 926 ............. (*) See footnotes at end of table. 54 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 For last Costs to June 30, 1954 full Estimated report amount _Name of project see Operation required to annual Con- and main- complete report struction tenance 66. Merrimack River, Mass. __... __ ... _...._.....__ 1940 115, 425 147, 860 (*) 6 7. M ian us R iv er , C o n n .. ... . __. .__ _ .. ___ _ .___ __. . . 1952 36132, 435 65 (*) 68. ..... Moosabec Bar, Maine '............_______. 1930 114, 000 12, 600 (*) 69. Mystic River, Conn............._.............._ 1953 11,526 45, 320 37110, 500 70. M ystic R iver, M ass................. ..... .......- 1953 770, 125 208, 593 4, 500, 000 71. N an tuck et (H arbor of R efuge), Mass.... .......... 1952 456,482 277,300 38 240,000 72. N arrag u ag u s R iver, M ain e 1 4_...... .. . . ____ . .... 1907 49,644 .....- ...- (*) 73. New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass.. ---1953 491, 686, 918 40 624, 230 123, 000 74. New Harbor, Maine -...-----------------.... 1937 10,500 12,566 (*) 75. New Haven (Breakwaters), Conn.._ - 1950 1,242,246 40,254 (*) 76. New Haven Harbor, Conn..... _ 1953 41 3,873, 620 42 1, 602,977 509, 400 77. N ewport H arbor, R. I........ . .. ____.___ .________1953 498, 828 27, 500 (*) 78. Owls Head Harbor, Maine 1 s_ __ ___ 1855 17,897 .--- 79. Passamaquoddy Tidal Power _ Project, Maine_..... 1935 6, 384, 394 ---- - (a) 80. Pepperells Cove, Maine '__.......___- ____..... 1920 158, 262 138 (*) 81. Pleasant River, Maine 4.......- 2 1892 3,500 _ - (*) 82. Point Judith (Harbor of Refuge) and Point Judith Pond, R. I...............---------------------------- 1953 442, 488,430 45 879, 025 (*) 83. Portsmouth Harbor, N. H. _ 1892 130,393 ..- (*) 84. Potowomut River, R. I. 1s _ 1882 5,000 (*) 85. Provincetown Harbor, Mass...__ _ 1949 131,653 42,129 46 1, 565, 300 86. Richmond Harbor, Maine 2 ______________ 1883 20,000 (*) 87. Richmond's Island Harbor, Maine '.--------- 1882 119,844 -- (*) 88. Rockland Harbor, Maine_________________ 1950 915,863 78,453 (*) 89. Rockport Harbor, Maine 1__________ 1915 32,000 - - (*) 90. Rockport Harbor, Mass. 8 1905 22,000 (*) 91. Royal River, Maine 13 4 .. _ 1884 21,919 8,081 (*) 92. Saco River, Maine_...........--__---__............ 1947 47531, 716 132, 019 30, 300 93. St. Croix River, Maine __ _____ 1950 48179,550 10,450 (*) 94. Sakonnet Harbor, R. I.4 15______........... ..... 1940 62,203 10,296 (*) 95. Sakonnet River, R. I. 1 49 1909 38,427 (*) 96. Salem Harbor, Mass. 6 . . 1953 48, 088 9, 043 165, 000 97. Sandy Bay (Harbor of Refuge) Cape Ann, Mass.' 50 1922 1, 925, 553 15,926 9, 975, 000 98. Sasanoa River, Maine 1 4 . _______ .. 1915 35,000 ............. (*) 99. Sasco Hill Beach, Conn....___._______..____. 1950 - ..-.. .- 5121, 000 100. Scarboro River, Maine, between Prouts Neck and Pine Point ............................-------------------------------- 1950 ... 52195, 000 101. Scituate Harbor, Mass..... _ _ 1953 796 179, 7,431 (*) 102. Sherwood Island State Park, Conn._ ___ 1950 ...... 53 158, 700 103. South Bristol Harbor, Maine...- ____.____ 1914 3,500 ..-.-.- (*) 104. Southport Beach, Conn...............___ 1950 -- 64 14, 000 105. Stockton Harbor, Maine 84_ 1915 33,000 (*) 106. Stonington Harbor, Conn....- _________________ -- 1950 32 85, 000 107. Sullivan Falls Harbor, Maine 1 4_-- 1914 19,871 (*) 108. Taunton River, Mass....----- __-....__________.... 1948 271,390 86 55 913, 600 109. Tenants Harbor, Maine--------__ 1920 18,750 (*) 110. U nion R iver, M aine s. . . . ._______ ___ _____ 1912 146,855 16,589 (*) 111. Vineyard Haven Harbor, Mass. 18 .. 1943 27,186 ............. (*) 112. Wareham Harbor, Mass. 8.... 1896 55,997 ... .......... 47, 800 113. W arren River, R . I. 1 _... .. . .. .. . .. __ _____ 1890 5,000 (*) 114. W ellfleet Harbor, M ass........._............ ._____ 1949 .. . . ... 56228, 000 115. Wells Harbor, Maine 4---__-_ --- 2 _____ _____ 1874 5, 000 (*) 5749, 000 116. Westcott Cove, Conn.. ___ 1948 117. Westport Harbor and Saugatuck River, Conn.. -.. 1948 15,160 14,121 15, 800 118. Westport River, Mass. 4 6--------------------. . 1942 5880, 000 119. Weymouth Back River, Mass. .__.__ .__________ 1944 59 68, 740 ----- (.) 120. Weymouth Fore River, Mass. 60_s . 1953 355,227 134, 906 680, 000 121. Wickford Harbor, R. I....._ 1953 61 117, 733 ..- ...- (*) 122. Wilson Point (Harbor), Conn. 4a1, 1895 54,177 - -- _-- (*) 123. Winthrop Beach, Mass. Beach Erosion Control... 1950 --- 62340, 000 124. Winthrop Harbor, Mass. 1 4 1895 8,992 - (*) 125. Wood Island Harbor, Maine and the Pool at Biddeford.....---------------------------------- 1950 - 68 153, 000 126. Woods Hole Channel, Mass.............._________ 1940 230,000 11,661 (*) 127. York Harbor, Maine___ ______________.__ 1953 13, 400 20,301 (*) *Completed. 1 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 2 Reported by the District Engineer as unworthy of further improvement. 1 Improvements adequate for commerce. 4 No commerce reported. 5 Excludes $100,000 expended from contributed funds. 6 Awaiting local cooperation. 7 Exclusive of $8,000 to be contributed by local interests. s Curtailment recommended June 24, 1946, in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 9 Revoked during fiscal year $708. 10oCosts to local interests $16,000 exclusive of Federal participation. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 55 11Exclusive of $43,500 to be contributed by local interests. Is Exclusive of $6,600 contributed by local interests. 1, Maintenance unnecessary or not urgent. 14Exclusive of $30,000 to be contributed by local interests. is Costs to local interests $110,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 14 Awaiting local cooperation. Under date of January 14, 1939, the Chief of Engineers recommended modi- fication of the existing project to provide for construction of a lock, dam, and power plant at Enfield Rapids (H. Doc. 165, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). Is 1i Estimated cost of project $12,816,000; expenditures limited by law to $1,000,000. Exclusive of $35,000 to be contributed by local interests. 1r In addition $10,000 was expended from contributed funds. 20 Exclusive of $35,000 to be contributed by local interests. 31Curtailment recommended Dec. 15, 1914, in H. Doc. 1419, 63d Cong., 3d sess. n Excludes $100,000 expended from contributed funds. 2 Revoked during fiscal year $124. 24 Exclusive of $25,500 to be contributed by local interests. 25Revoked during fiscal year $10,190. 26 Exclusive of $62,500 to be contributed by local interests. 2~Costs to local interests $29,300, exclusive of Federal participation. 28Exclusive of $35,000 expended by local interests for work on the project. 79Elimination of maintenance dredging recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. s Under State maintenance. 31Exclusive of $62,000 expended from contributed funds. n2Exclusive of $5,500 to be contributed by local interests. " Exclusive of $60,000 to be contributed by local interests. 35 24 Exclusive of $33,000 to be contributed by local interests. 37 In addition $12,500 was expended from contributed funds for construction. s6Exclusive of $46,500 contributed by local interests. Exclusive of $14,000 to be contributed by local interests. a8Exclusive of $31,500 to be contributed by local interests. 39In addition the sum of $20,400 was expended for construction from contributed funds. '4 Revoked during fiscal year $1,476. 41 Includes $290,877 National Industrial Recovery funds and $59,207 Public Works funds. '9 Revoked during fiscal year $747. 4 Work discontinued 1937. Facilities transferred to the War Assets Administration. " In addition the sum of $17,587 was expended for construction from contributed funds. 4s Revoked during fiscal year $321. 46 Exclusive of $760,000 to be contributed by local interests. ' Exclusive of $20,000 expended from contributed funds. 48 Exclusive of $19,892 expended from contributed funds. 49 Commerce included under Tiverton Harbor, R. I. 30 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 411, 64th Cong., 1st sess., and in Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 3, 65th Cong., 1st sess. 51 Costs to local interests $42,000 exclusive of Federal participation. ~aExclusive of $10,000 to be contributed by local interests. 53 Costs to local interests $316,000 exclusive of Federal participation. 5' Costs to local interests $28,000 exclusive of Federal participation. s5Exclusive of $102,000 to be contributed by local interests. " Exclusive of $32,000 to be contributed by local interests. 67 Exclusive of $21,000 to be contributed by local interests. 5sExclusive of $80,000 to be contributed by local interests. SExclusive of $20,000 expended from contributed funds. 4*Modification recommended in H. Doc. 555, Eighty-second Congress, 2d sess. 61Exclusive of $25,000 contributed by local interests. a Costs to local interests $680,000 exclusive of Federal participation. * Exclusive of $12,000 to be contributed by local interests. " Excludes $5,000 expended of contributed funds. 65Excludes $200,000 to be contributed by local interests. 56 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 33. MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. AND MASS. The works covered by the comprehensive plan are located on the Merrimack River and its tributaries in New Hampshire and Massa- chusetts. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, authorized the construction of a system of flood control reservoirs in the Merri- mack River Basin for the reduction of flood heights in the Merri- mack Valley. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes as approved by the Chief of Engineers pursuant to preliminary examinations and surveys authorized by the Act of June 22, 1936, and modified the project to provide, in addition to the construction of a system of flood control reservoirs, related flood control works which may be found justified by the Chief of Engineers. The following reservoirs and related flood control works were proposed for construction under the comprehensive plan: Reservoirs i~-- ...... Distance Estimated cost above Reservoir Name Nearest city mouth of Height Type capacity Merrimack Con- Land and River struction damages 1 Total -I* - II II -!I Miles Feet Acre-feet Franklin Falls'...._ s Franklin, N. H........ 118. 2 140 Earth fill............. 154, 000 $6, 167, 500 $1, 754, 000 $7, 921, 500 Mountain Brook ' 2-- Keene, N. H...... 167. 8 50 .....do................. 5, 300 695, 000 79, 000 774, 000 0 Edward MacDowell .... _________________ Keene, N. H............. 161.3 67 --..do............... 12, 800 1, 717, 000 300, 000 2, 017, 000 Bennington.............................. Manchester, N. H.... 147.0 73 ..-.do._... . .. .. 90, 000 7, 779, 000 4, 621, 000 12, 4')0, 000 00 Beards Brook 2 ................. . Concord, N. H..... 136. 4 115 ..-..do- _.... ..... 35, 000 6, 835,000 395, 000 7, 230, 000 Blackwater '........ .. Concord, N. H-.... .-.. 118. 8 75 ....do------ ---..... 46, 000 763, 500 556, 500 1, 320, 000 O 1 Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. O 2 For details, see individual report. 'A dam has been constructed at the site by private interests. Cost has not been revised on current price basis. t Local protection projects Distance Estimated cost above Location mouth of Type of structure Merrimack Con- Land and z River struction damages 1 Total t 2 Miles Nashua, N. H. .................. 65 Wall and levee.............-------------------..................-------------.... $270, 000 $3, 000 $273. 000 0 ----------------------- North Andover and Lawrence, Mass....... Lowell, Mass....................................... 27. 3 -... 39 ..... do......---------. do......----------.................------------- ....------------------. 1,680,000 490, 600 43, 000 90, 000 1, 723, 000 580, 600 z ' To be borne by local interests. ' Completed. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1950. 3 Completed. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1945. O 58 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 All operations pertaining to flood control in the Merrimack River Basin are now carried on under and are reported under the projects for the individual units of the comprehensive plan re- ferred to above. No further expenditures are contemplated under the general project for flood control in the Merrimack River Basin. For final cost and financial summary, see Annual Report for 1946. 34. FRANKLIN FALLS RESERVOIR, MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N.H. Location. The dam is located on the Pemigewasset River in New Hampshire, the main tributary of the Merrimack River, and is about 21/2 miles upstream of Franklin, N. H. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey maps for Penacook and Holderness, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,740 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a height of 140 feet above river bed. The spillway is located on rock in the right abutment and is a low, concrete weir with a crest length of 546 feet. The spillway approach and dis- charge channels are in earth and rock cut and are 1,785 and 900 feet in length, respectively. The outlet works are on the right bank of the river and consist of an intake channel 840 feet long, and two 22-foot horseshoe-shaped conduits each 542 feet long and each controlled by 4 broome gates operated through a control tower from a gatehouse above. The outlet works also have a still- ing basin and an outlet channel with a length of 2,350 feet. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 154,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 2.9 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 1,000 square miles. The cost of the completed project was $6,167,500 for construc- tion and $1,754,000 for lands and damages, a total of $7,921,500. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $27,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, build- ings, and grounds, including a bituminous seal coat for the access road and the road across the dam. A six-inch cast iron water line for fire-fighting and general use was laid from the operating build- ings and connected to the city of Franklin water main along the state highway at the entrance to the dam. Costs from regular funds were $30,569. Reservoir operation: There were two periods of regulation at Franklin Falls Reservoir during the fiscal year. In April, 19,000 acre-feet of storage, 12 percent of the total capacity, were utilized. The computed peak inflow was 20,000 c.f.s. and the maximum regulated outflow was 16,000 c.f.s. In May, 27,200 acre-feet of storage, 18 percent of the total capa- FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 59 city, were utilized. The computed peak inflow was 23,000 c.f.s. and the maximum regulated outflow was 16,500 c.f.s. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $30,569. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in November 1939 and completed in October 1943. Total costs for the project have been $8,154,458, of which $7,921,531 was for new work and $232,927 for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated........ $60, 000 -$30,000 ------------......... -$11, 448 -$270 $7, 921, 531 . Cost_----. ---.-. . 90, 897 3, 756 -$99 ............ 7, 025------------ 7,921, 531 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 27, 000 12, 000 23,950 29,300 28,300 233, 050 Cost---.-...-.....-. 22, 054 20, 279 22, 798 27,677 30, 569 232,927 35. EDWARD MacDOWELL RESERVOIR (FORMERLY WEST PETER- BOROUGH RESERVOIR), MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on Nubanusit Brook, a tributary of the Contoocook River, and is one-half mile upstream from the village of West Peterborough, N. H., and 14 miles east of Keene, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Peterboro and Monadnock, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,030 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a maximum height of 67 feet. The outlet works located in the west abutment of the dam consist of an intake structure, a 7-foot square conduit which is 275 feet in length and is controlled by three 3-foot by 7-foot slide gates mechanically operated through a control tower from a gate house above, and a stilling basin emptying into the pool of the Verney Mills Dam. The spillway is a low, concrete weir, 100 feet in length, with a 1,900-foot long approach channel, a 3,080-foot long discharge channel, and a 2,540-foot long protec- tive dike to guide the spillway discharge. The spillway is located in a natural saddle on the north side of the reservoir approxi- mately 3 miles from the dam site and discharges into Ferguson Brook which, in turn, discharges into the proposed Bennington Reservoir. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 12,800 acre-feet which is equivalent to 5.5 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 44 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,717,000 for con- struction and $300,000 for lands and damages, a total of $2,017,- 000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of op- eration and maintenance is $19,800. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was 60 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The name "Edward MacDowell Dam" was adopted by section 206 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Payment was made on one claim in connection with construction contract for the dam. Costs from regular funds were $47,584. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds, including a bituminous seal coat for the access road and the road across the dam. An underground water storage tank for fire-fighting purposes was installed near the operating buildings. Costs from regular funds were $19,718. Reservoir operation: The reservoir was regulated in April to reduce flows on Nubanusit Brook. The maximum storage util- ized was 1,900 acre-feet, 15 percent of the total capacity. The computed peak inflow was 720 c.f.s. The outlet gates were closed during the flood period. The maximum regulated outflow to empty the reservoir was 550 c.f.s. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $67,302. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in March 1948 and completed in March 1950. Work remaining to be done consists of disposition of condemnation cases in connection with land acquisition and disposition of claim in connection with constructon. Total costs for the project have been $2,079,293, of which $1,999,763 was for new work and $79,440 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1964, includ- ing fiscal years 1960 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: $371, 800 --.....--- Appropriated......-------.. .- -- $27, 500 -$25, 479 $2, 016, 021 Cost----------- - 785,358 $12, 152 $6, 589 377 47, 584 1, 999, 763 1, 000 Maintenance ........-------- 12, 300 16, 250 18, 600 17, 500 79, 660 Cost................. 7, 582 19, 466 16, 127 16, 647 19, 718 79, 440 Other new work data: Unobligated balance,fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ................. $3,957 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.......... .................................................. ....... .... 3, 958 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------....................... ..................... ...... .. 979 36. BLACKWATER RESERVOIR, MERRIMACK RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on the Blackwater River in New Hampshire, 8.2 miles above the confluence with the Con- toocook River and 118.8 miles above the mouth of the Merrimack River. It is in the town of Webster, just above the village of FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 61 Swetts Mills, 12.5 miles by highway northwest of Concord, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Penacook and Mount Kearsarge, N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length, including spillway, of 1,150 feet, a top width of 39 feet and a maximum height, above river bed, of 75 feet. There are also five earth dikes on the west side of the reservoir having a respective length of 335, 170, 735, 175 and 240 feet and a respective maximum height of 29, 16, 40, 9, and 18 feet. The spillway is of the concrete, gravity type with a length of 240 feet and has a 160-foot long approach channel and a 400- foot long discharge channel. The outlet works are in the spill- way and consist of three conduits, each controlled by a 3-foot 6-inch by 5-foot 3-inch slide gate hydraulically operated from a gallery within the spillway. The dam and appurtenant works contain a 16-foot diameter penstock intake and have been con- structed to provide for future raising and the inclusion of power at the site. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 46,000 acre-feet which is equiva- lent to 6.7 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 128 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $763,500 for construction and $556,500 for lands and damages, a total of $1,320,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $7,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Merrimack River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds, including a bituminous seal coat for the access road. Costs from regular funds were $6,099. Reservoir operation: There was one period of regulation during the year to reduce flood flows on the Blackwater River. In May, the maximum storage utilized was 9,800 acre-feet, 21 percent of the total capacity. The computed peak inflow was 2,100 c.f.s. Gates were closed during the flood period. The maximum regulated outflow to empty the reservoir was 2,000 c.f.s. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $6,099. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in May 1940 and completed in November 1944. Work remaining to be done consists of consum- mation of agreement for utility relocation. Total costs for the project have been $1,370,458, of which $1,316,864 was for new work and $53,594 for maintenance. 62 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--------........ $96, 200 ........--...--- $3,916 -- $33, 000-------- -$135 $1, 320, 000 Cost----------------................. 11,910 1,420 ------------............ 1,316,864 $911 ............ Maintenance: Appropriated..-------- 6,000 5,000 5,800 6,000 4, 500 53,800 Cost---------------- 5, 472 5, 400 5,500 4, 452 6, 099 53, 594 Other new work data: $136 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............................... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 136 37. BLACKSTONE RIVER BASIN, MASS., AND R. I. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a dam and reservoir on the West River and local protection works at three cities on the Blackstone River. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the plan for a reservoir on the West River and local protection works at Worcester, Mass., and Woonsocket and Pawtucket, R. I., substantially in accordance with House Docu- ment No. 624, 78th Congress, 2d session. The following individual projects comprise the authorized plan. Reservoirs Distance Estimated cost above Reservoir Name Nearest city mouth of Height Type capacity Blackstone Con- Land and River struction damages 1 Total I 1 - 1 1I 1 1 1 Miles Feet Acre-feet West Hil----...........---------------------.... Worcester ,Mass..........---------------- r25.8 fll900 $1, 977, Earth $2, 000 730, 000 $753, 43 - 1 - 4 1, 90 Eathfil---------- 125.1,97,00 75, 00 2, 3000 Q 1 Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. O 0tJ Local protection projects Distance Estimated cost z O above O Location mouth of Type of structure Blackstone Con- Land and River struction damages 1 Total z Miles Worcester, Mass....--------------------------------- ---- 48 Diversion tunnel and channel--...........----------------------.. $4,190, 000 $544, 000 $4, 734, 000 Woonsocket, R. I....------------------- ----------------- 15 1, 880, 000 Channel improvement ..--..............------------------------.......... 160, 000 2,040, 000 t Pawtucket, R. I....------------------------------------ 2 202,000 Flood wall-----..............------------------------------------202, 000 ..------------............. z 1 To be borne by local interests. tJ All tr O z QA3 64 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 38. THAMES RIVER BASIN, CONN., R. I., AND MASS. Location. The works covered by this project are a series of dams and reservoirs on tributaries of the Thames River in Massa- chusetts and Connecticut, within a radius of 45 miles from Nor- wich, Conn., and a channel enlargement on the Shetucket River where it discharges into the Thames River at Norwich. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, approved the plan for a system of reservoirs and channel improvements in the Thames River Basin in accordance with House Document No. 885, 76th Congress, 3d session, and author- ized $6 million for initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the completion of the approved plan. The following individual projects comprise the approved plan: si 5--68.94 Reservoirs Distance Estimated cost above Reservoir Name Nearest city mouth of Height Type capacity Thames Con- Land and1 River struction damages Total Miles Feet Acre-feet Hodges Village.--------------------..... Buffumville ...---------------------- Webster, Mass.. ----------------------- Webster, Mass.-_--------------------74.7 74.5 55 Earth fill..........-------------- 13, 000 $1, 431,000 $1, 609, 000 $3, 040, 000 0 66 -. do-----------------12,700 2,004,500 635, 500 2,640,000 East Brimfield.------------- Southbridge, Mass.-------------------- 82.8 55 --.. do----------------- 30,000 1,747, 000 3,573,000 5,320,000 0 Westville....------------------------Southbridge, Mass.--------------.---- 77.2 36 Concrete-gravity 12, 000 2, 545, 000 3, 345, 000 5, 890, 000 Mansfield Hollows'......-......-.-.-.. Willimantic, Conn.-------------------- 40.0 70 Earth fill....-------------- 51, 000 4, 498, 500 2, 111, 500 6, 610, 000 Andover-------------------------Manchester, Conn.....-------------------- 47. 0 80 ..... do.....----------------- 16, 800 3, 777, 000 1, 123, 000 4, 900, 000 South Coventry. Willimantic, Conn....................-------------------- 41.6 94 ..... do.......... 36, 900 4, 434, 000 5,666,000 10,100, 000 ' Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. 2 For details, see individual report. Local protection projects Distance Estimated cost above Location mouth of Type of structure Thames Con- Land and ,ieRiver struction damages 1 Total oa Miles Norwich, Conn .......------------------------------- - 15 Channel improvement.................... $1,240,000 $72,000 $1,312,000 1 To be borne by local interests. All operations previously reported are now contained in individual reports and previous costs and expenditures have also been transferred to those projects. z0 - '-I 0n 66 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 39. MANSFIELD HOLLOW RESERVOIR, THAMES RIVER BASIN, CONN. Location. The dam is located at Mansfield Hollow, Conn., on the Natchaug River, 5.3 miles above its confluence with the Wil- limantic River. It is 4 miles northeast of the city of Willimantic, Conn. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Spring Hill and Willimantic, Conn.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock blanket on the upstream face. It has a top length, including spillway, of 12,422 feet, a top width of 15 feet, and a maximum height of 70 feet. There are also five earth dikes north of the dam and one earth dike south of the dam having a respec- tive length of 190, 830, 464, 257, 766, and 104 feet and a respective maximum height of 12, 55, 15, 11, 8, and 12 feet. The spillway is located in the river channel and is of the concrete, gravity type with a crest length of 690 feet. The outlet works are in the spill- way and consist of five conduits, each controlled by a 5-foot 6-inch by 7-foot slide gate hydraulically operated from a gallery within the spillway. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 51,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.0 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 159 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $4,498,500 for con- struction and $2,111,500 for lands and damages, a total of $6,610,- 000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of op- eration and maintenance is $25,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Thames River Basin which was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (H. Doc. 885, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Opera- tions consisted of land acquisition, relocation of utilities, payment of contract claim, and miscellaneous work. Costs from regular funds were $125,122. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. "Costs from regular funds were $18,348. Reservoir operation: There was no significant regulation for flood control required at Mansfield Hollow during the year. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam, initi- ated in July 1949, was completed in May 1952. Work to be done consists of completion of relocation of utilities and state roads, dispositon of land acquisition cases in condemnation, and seepage investigations. Total costs have been $6,278,338, of which $6,238,- 349 was for new work and $39,989 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 67 Cost andfinancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------........--....------- 2, 500, 000 $3, 000, 000 -$385, 000 -$15, 000 $6, 610,000 Cost--------------.....$1, 365,909 2, 252, 139 1, 132, 651 992, 384 125, 122 6, 238, 349 Maintenance: Appropriated--- ------------------------------------ 23, 000 18, 000 41, 000 Cost. ----------------------------------- ----------- 21,641 18, 348 39,989 Other new work data: $248, 139 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ................---.........---------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ... .. ----------------------------------------------- 248, 139 40. CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT., N. H., MASS., AND CONN. Location. The works covered by this project are a series of dams and reservoirs on tributaries of the Connecticut River in Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts, within a radius of 230 miles from Hartford, Conn., and local protection works at several cities in the basin. Existing project. The Flood Control Act, approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the act approved May 25, 1937 (Public Law 111, 75th Cong.), authorized the construction of 10 reservoirs on tributaries of the Connecticut River in accordance with plans in House Document No. 412, 74th Congress, 2d session, as the same may be revised upon further investigation of the 1936 flood. The Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, approved a gen- eral comprehensive plan for the control of floods and other pur- poses in the Connecticut River Valley, as set forth in House Docu- ment No. 455, 75th Congress, 2d session, and authorized the sum of $11,524,000 for construction of local flood-protection projects in the plan. The act of October 15, 1940, modified the act of June 28, 1938, to provide additional protection at East Hartford, Conn., as set forth in House Document No. 653, 76th Congress, 3d session. The act of August 18, 1941, modified the comprehensive plan ap- proved in 1938 to include the improvements recommended in House Document No. 653, 76th Congress, 3d session, and House Document No. 724, 76th Congress, 3d session, with such further modifications as may be found justifiable in the discretion of the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers. The latter act also authorized to be appropriated the additional sums of $6 mil- lion for local protection works and $10 million for reservoirs. The act of October 26, 1942 (Public Law 759, 77th Cong., 2d sess.), further modified the plan by including the construction of Gully Brook conduit at Hartford, Conn. The Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, authorized the expenditure of $30 million in addition to the previous authori- zation for the comprehensive plan approved in 1938 and modified the plan by (1) directing specific consideration of an alternative plan of the Vermont State Water Conservation Board instead of the Williamsville Reservoir in the West River Basin, Vt., (2) directing consultation with the affected States during the course of 68 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 investigations and transmission of the proposal and plans to each affected State for written views and recommendation for reservoir projects heretofore authorized for construction at Cambridgeport, Ludlow, South Tunbridge, and Gaysville, and resubmission of the projects or modifications thereof to the Congress, and (3) re- scinded the authorization for construction at the Sugar Hill site. The Flood Control Act of 1950 (Public, No. 576, 81st Cong., 2d sess.), modified the project for flood control at Hartford, Conn., authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, as amended, to include Folly Brook dike and conduit. Following are lists of the reservoirs and local protection works which were proposed for construction in the modified comprehen- sive plan: Dams and reservoirs Distance Estimated cost above Reservoir Name Nearest city mouth of Height Type capacity Connecti- Con- Land and cut River struction damages ' Total Vermont: -- - -- - - -- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - Miles Feet Acre-feet Victory2----....... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - St. Johnsbury--......-------------------- 306.0 85 Earth fill--....--...---....... 106, 400 $3, 701, 000 $899, 000 $4, 600, 000 Union Village White River Junction....------------------ 228. 4 170 ..... do ---................. 38, 000 3, 111, 000 895, 000 4, 006, 000 r Gaysville-- ------------- Rutland--... ------------------- ................. 246. 8 192 Concrete-------------............. 124, 150 11, 558, 000 5, 342, 000 16, 900, 000 0 South Turnbridge-- ..--------- Barre ----.............. ------ ------- 234. 5 105 Earth fill-------.............. 32, 600 3,138, 000 2,302, 000 5, 440, 000 North Hartland ..--...--------------........ White River Junction....------------------ 211. 7 176 ..... do--------.........---........ 71, 100 8, 550, 000 1, 100, 000 9,650, 000 0 Ludlow--...............------......---------------.... Rutland--..................-------------------------- 211.8 118 ..... do................. 23, 900 2, 532, 000 3,158, 000 5, 690,000 0 North Springfield --------------- Springfield------------------- 191.3 106 ..... do ---------....... 50, 600 7,876, 000 1, 384, 000 9, 260, 000 Brockway......................---------------------Bellows Falls.------------------------- 182. 122 .....- do................. 37, 700 4, 801, 000 5, 899, 000 10, 700,000 Cambridgeport-----------------Bellows Falls------------------------- 180. 3 101 ..... do........-........ 21, 600 4, 078, 000 1, 092, 000 5,170, 000 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rutland ----.........---.....-------......-----..--------....... The Island-....-------------------- 189. 6 100 ..... do......-----------------....... 19, 400 2,411, 000 899, 000 3, 310, 000 0 Ball Mountain ................. .. Brattleboro.........--------------------------178. 2 247 Concrete arch......... 54, 600 14, 946, 000 354, 000 15, 300, 000 0 Townshend............--------------------Brattleboro -...........----....---------..-----------...... 168. 3 130 Earth fill--....---..--........ 33, 000 9,021, 000 1,179, 000 10, 200, 000 New Hampshire: Sugar Hill ------------------- Woodsvllle----... ------------------- 280. 9 163 ..... do...-------------- 91, 600 3, 500, 000 3, 385, 000 6, 885, 000 West Canaan_- ------------------ Franklin....-------------233. 8 80 ..... do -------................. 51, 000 3, 471, 000 5, 589, 000 9,060,000 - Claremont--- Claremont -------- ----- 202. 4 128 ..... do..-------------- 78, 300 8, 162, 000 4, 838, 000 13, 000, 000 Surry Mountain-.................... Keene......--...------------------------ 174. 4 86 ..... do--...-- ------ 32, 500 1, 407, 200 324,100 1, 731, 300 Honey Hill..---.----------------- Keene- --------------------------- 168. 9 65 .....- do...-------------- 26, 200 2,662, 000 1, 398, 000 4,060,000 Massachusetts: Birch Hil--------------------.......................... Gardner---------------------------- 153. 3 56 ..... do---...---------- 49,900 1, 086, 000 3,151, 000 4,237, 000 Tully ---------------------- __--- Athol..--------------------------- 148.7 62-do-- - ----------- -22,000 1,180,000 383,000 1,563,000 Barre Falls---------------------- Worcester----------------------- --- 130.2 62 Rock fill earth-------- 24,300 2,470, 000 30,000 2,500,000 West Brookfield-------------..................... Worcester--------------------------- 100. 5 30 Earth fill-------------- 33000 3,422, 000 5, 568, 000 8, 990, 000 Knightville- ....--- .-------------- Northampton ......------------------------ 102.8 160 ..... do-----------------49, 000 2, 395, 000 812, 000 3,207, 000 'Includes highway, railroad, and utility relocations. oz r 'For details, see individual reports. 'Alternate site to be selected. Cost has not been revised on current price basis. Local protection"projects C) Distance Estimated cost above Location mouth of Type of structure Connecti- Con- Land and cut River struction damages 2 Total -~ mn ~ - stuto n Fr Miles Northampton, Mass... --- -------....................... 94 Wall and levee----.. .... ... .... .... ... .... .... $960, 000 $150, 000 $1,110, 000 O Holyoke, Mass....----------------........................... 85 ..... do..---................................ 3, 418, 000 150, 000 3, 568, 000 d Springdale, Mass.----......................... -- 84 ..... do--...........-...................... 700, 000 57, 000 757, 000 - CRivopee, Mass.l... --------..... --...................... 80 ..... do---------------.....---------------do. 1, 738, 000 250, 000 1, 988, 000 80 .....do ---- --------- --- ---.....-------------- 1, 138, 000 50, 000 1, 188, 000 West Springfield, Mass.--..------------.------ ---- 76 ..... do-------------------............... 1, 579, 000 30, 000 1,609, 000 Springfield, Mass.----....--.---------.-------------- 76 932, 000 272, 000 1, 204, 000 C Hartford, Conn.... ------------------------------ 52 h--nedolimprve-----e- ------------ 6, 760, 000 900, 000 7,660, 000 E as t H ar tfo r d , C onn .. . . - ..-- -- --- . . . . . - - - - - -- - - --.. 52 . .. .. .. ..-----------... .....--..... .......... ---_-'do-- 2, 135, 500 270, 000 2,405, 500 - Winsted, Conn.'-.......--...------------- 115 Channel improvement......--..-...... 172, 000 30, 000 202, 000 I I SDetails of these projects are given in individual reports. O 2 To be borne by local interests. All operations, costs and expenditures are contained in the individual reports. z 00 FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 71 41. VICTORY RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The site of the proposed dam is on the Moose River, 17.4 miles above its junction with the Passumpsic. It is 1 mile northeast of the village of Victory, Vt., and 11 miles northeast of St. Johnsbury, Vt. (See U.S. Geological Survey map for Burke, Vt.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a rolled-earth dam having a top length of 1,000 feet and rising 85 feet above river bed. The spillway, at the right end of the dam, will be a concrete weir, 50 feet in length. The outlet works will consist of a 9-foot diameter conduit in the right abutment. Control of the conduit will be accomplished by gates mechani- cally operated through a control tower from a gatehouse above. The reservoir will be operated for flood control and for conser- vation for downstream regulation. It will have a total storage capacity of 106,400 acre-feet which is equivalent to 26.6 inches or runoff from its drainage area of 75 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $3,701,000 for con- struction and $899,000 for lands and damages, a total of $4,- 600,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance engineer- ing and design was continued. Costs from regular funds for new work were $15,591. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done on the project. Advance engineering and design was 46 percent complete. Total costs from regular funds have been $103,446 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------------ $146, 000 -- $122, 759 $69, 705 $10, 500 $103, 446 Cost----------------- _ ____________ 20 23, 221 64, 614 15, 591 103, 446 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- ....--.. $4,496, 554 - --. ..... -----.... priated for completion of existing project....---------..-- ... 42. UNION VILLAGE RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The dam is located on the Ompompanoosuc River, four miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 1/4 mile north of Union Village, Vt., and 11 miles north of White 72 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 River Junction, Vt. (See U.S. Geological Survey maps for Straf- ford, Vt., and Mt. Cube, N.H. -Vt.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,100 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a maximum height of 170 feet. The spillway is approximately 350 feet from the right end of the dam and is of the chute type with a low, curved, 400-foot long, concrete weir. The approach channel and discharge chute are 1,000 and 1,130 feet long, respectively. The outlet works are in the right abut- ment and consist of a 1,236-foot long, 13-foot diameter tunnel through rock. Control of the outlet works is accomplished by two 7-foot 6-inch by 12-foot broome gates mechanically oper- ated through a shaft from a gatehouse above. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 38,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 5.7 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 126 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $3,111,000 for construction and $895,000 for lands and damages, a total of $4,006,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $19,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Opera- tions consisted of completion of road relocation, continuation of reservoir clearing, grading of slopes, and construction of box culvert. Costs from regular funds were $77,819. Mainteriance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds, including a bituminous seal coat for the access road and the road across the dam. A new cable was installed in the 75-ton traveling crane in the gatehouse. Costs from regular funds were $13,086. Reservoir operation: The reservoir was regulated in April dur- ing a period of rain and snowmelt. The computed peak inflow was 2,300 c.f.s. The outflow was restricted to 750 c.f.s. during the flood period and increased to 1,500 c.f.s. to empty the reser- voir. The storage utilized was negligible. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $90,905. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam was initiated in March 1947 and completed in June 1950. Work re- maining to be done consists of disposition of condensation cases in connection with land acquisition, relocation of telephone line, and completion of reservoir clearing. Total costs from regular funds have been $4,049,497, of which $3,984,154 was for new work and $65,343 for maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 73 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated........ -$50, 000 -$15, 000 $50, 000 ..------------ $22, 000 $4, 006, 000 Cost................. 366, 619 67, 685 17, 096 $10, 924 77, 819 3, 984, 154 Maintenance: Appropriated.......-------- 19, 000 8, 200 12, 400 13, 500 13, 300 66, 400 Cost_ ------------ - 7,119 19, 242 12, 400 13, 497 13, 086 65, 343 Other new work data: Unobligated balance,fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---......--....--...----------...........--......... $8, 171 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ,....-...--................. . 8, 171 .......................--------- 43. BALL MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, VT. Location. The site of the proposed dam is on the West River, 29.0 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River at Brat- tleboro, Vt. It is 2 miles north of the village of Jamaica, Vt. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Londonderry, Vt.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a concrete arch dam with a crest length, including spillway overflow section, of 1,140 feet. The dam will rise 247 feet above river bed. The spillway overflow section will be located in the center of the dam and will have a crest length of 470 feet. The outlet works will consist of four 5-foot by 7-foot 6-inch conduits through the dam. Control of the outlet works will be accom- plished by gates hydraulically operated from a gallery at the base of the dam. The reservoir will be operated for flood control purposes and will have a storage capacity of 54,600 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.0 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 172 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $14,946,000 for construction and $354,000 for lands and damages, a total of $15,300,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin and was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Subsurface explora- tions for preparation of plans and specifications were substan- tially completed. Costs from regular funds for new work were $18,983. Condition at the end of fiscal year. Advance engineering and design was 60 percent complete. No construction work has been initiated. Total costs from regular funds have been $472,151 for new work. 74 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 19561 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _---_. -$90, 000 $105, 000 -$48, 000 -.---- ..-...... $472, 151 Cost.....--------------- 163, 867 34, 355 14, 121 $8, 345 $18, 983 472, 151 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be $14, 827, 849 appropriated for completion of existing project-----....---...........---------------..... 44. SURRY MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, N. H. Location. The dam is located on the Ashuelot River, 34.6 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River and 5 miles north of Keene, N. H. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Keene and Bellows Falls, N.H.-Vt.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,670 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 86 feet above river bed. The spillway is located at the right end of the dam and is of the open side channel type with a low concrete weir 338 feet in length. The spillway discharge channel is in rock cut and is 2,000 feet in length. The outlet works, in the right abutment, consist of a 748-foot long intake channel and a 10-foot diameter, horseshoe-shaped tunnel through rock. The tunnel is 383 feet in length and discharges into the spillway channel. Control of the outlet works is accomplished by two 4-foot 6-inch by 10-foot broome gates mechanically operated through a shaft from a gatehouse above. The reservoir is operated for flood con- trol purposes and has a storage capacity of 32,500 acre-feet which is equivalent to 6.1 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 100 square miles. The cost of new work for the completed project was $1,407,- 200 for construction and $324,100 for lands and damages, a total of $1,731,300. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $24,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds, including a bituminous seal coat for the access road and the road across the dam. An under- ground water storage tank for fire-fighting purposes was in- FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 75 stalled near the operating buildings. Costs from regular funds were $17,520. Reservoir operation: The reservoir was regulated to reduce flows on the Ashuelot River during five flood periods. The fol- lowing is a summary of regulation for the year. Computed Minimum Maximum peak regulated regulated Storage % Date inflow outflow outflow utilized total C.F.S. C.F.S. C.F.S. acre-feet capacity December...---..------------------.. 1, 800 0 820 6,200 19 February........ 1, 500 ..---------------------- 0 750 3, 500 11 March....................------------------------- 1, 200 0 790 2, 400 7 ------------------------ April--.......... 2, 250 0 700 6, 400 20 May.................--------------------------- 1,200 0 650 2,700 8 Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $17,520. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in August 1939 and completed in June 1942. Total costs for the project have been $1,932,723, of which $1,731,319 was for new work and $201,404 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--.....------......----------- -$6, 000 ............ $1, 731319 -$2, 681------------ Cost....---------------- 14, 628 24, 776 $46 1, 731, 319 --......------------........... Maintenance: Appropriated ----- ... 22, 000 13, 000 17,800 16, 000 $17, 700 202, 300 Cot---- .....------------ 23, 714 17, 499 16, 858 17, 072 17, 520 201,404 45. BIRCH HILL RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Millers River, 27.3 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 1.3 miles east of South Royalston, Mass., and 71/2 miles northwest of the city of Gardner, Mass. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Royalston and Winchendon, Mass.-N.H., and Templeton, Mass.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,400 feet, a top width of 25 feet, and a height of 56 feet above river bed. The spillway consists of three concrete weirs located in two natural saddles and an abandoned railroad cut northwest of the dam. The main weirs have a crest length of 720 feet and 350 feet, respectively, and the weir in the railroad cut has a crest length of 23 feet. The outlet works are located on rock at the right end of the dam and consist of an intake channel 1,500 feet in length, a gate structure with a gatehouse directly above, and an outlet channel 1,150 feet in length. Control of the outlet works is accomplished by four 6-foot by 12-foot roller gates mechanically operated from the gatehouse above. The reservoir is operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 49,900 acre-feet which is 76 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 equivalent to 5.3 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 175 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,086,000 for construction and $3,151,000 for lands and damages, a total of $4,237,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $17,800. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June. 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Opera- tions consisted of construction of operator's quarters and nego- tiations in connection with relocations and land acquisition. Costs from regular funds were $16,142. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds, including a bituminous seal coat for the access road and the road across the dam. An under- ground water storage tank for fire-fighting purposes was in- stalled near the operating buildings. Costs from regular funds were $16,947. Reservoir operation: There was one period of regulation at Birch Hill during the year. In April, 4,100 acre-feet of storage, 8 percent of the total capacity, were utilized during a minor regulation. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $33,089. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works was initiated in June 1940 and completed in February 1942. Work remaining to be done consists of disposi- tion of condemnation cases in connection with land acquisition and abandonment of a section of road and consummation of agreements for relocation of utilities. Total costs for the project have been $4,361,479, of which $4,161,578 was for new work and $199,901 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .-------- 40, 000 -$18, 000 ----- $14, 000 - - $4,236,950 Cost--------------_ 50,978 7,932 $446 4, 223 $16, 142 4, 161,578 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 22, 000 9, 000 13, 900 13, 800 15, 500 199, 950 Cost- --- - -........ 22, 812 18, 204 13,612 12,601 16,947 199,901 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--------------....... . -----... $16, 449 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---...... ..........-..... 16, 449 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project..... .......................... .. ...........................-...... 50 FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DIVISION 77 46. TULLY RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Tully River, 3.9 miles above its junction with the Millers. It is 1 mile north of Fryville, Mass., and 31/ miles north of Athol, Mass. (See U.S. Geolog- ical Survey map for Royalston, Mass.-N. H.) Existing project. The dam is of the rolled-earth type with a dumped rock shell. It has a top length of 1,570 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 62 feet above river bed. The spillway is constructed on rock in a saddle located about 800 feet from the left end of the dam and is a low, concrete weir, 255 feet in length. The spillway approach channel is 600 feet in length and the discharge channel is of the chute type with a length of 1,775 feet. The outlet works, in the left abutment, consist of a 6-foot diameter tunnel through rock. The tunnel is 274 feet in length and is controlled by two 3-foot 6-inch by 6-foot slide gates me- chanically operated through a shaft from a gatehouse above. The outlet works intake and outlet channels are 500 and 580 feet long, respectively. The project was constructed with pro- visions for future raising for the inclusion of power at the site. The reservoir is now operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 22,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 8.3 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 50 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,180,000 for construction and $383,000 for lands and damages, a total of $1,563,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $16,800. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Opera- tions consisted of engineering studies made to determine the value of power rights in connection with acquisition of certain lands by condemnation proceedings. Trial of the case was com- pleted and judgement obtained. Costs from regular funds were $991. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, buildings, and grounds. The State of Massachusetts ap- plied a bituminous seal coat to the road across the dam. A small corrugated iron storage building was erected near the dam. An underground water storage tank for fire-fighting purposes was installed near the operating buildings. A new cable was in- stalled in the 15-ton traveling crane in the gatehouse. Costs from regular funds were $15,674. Reservoir operation: Tully Reservoir was regulated in April for a minor rise on the Connecticut River. During this period 6 percent of the total available storage was utilized. Total costs for the fiscal year from regular funds were $16,665. 78 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam was initiated in March 1947 and completed in September 1949. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of disposition of condemnation cases in connection with land acquisition. Total costs have been $1,605,513, of which $1,539,682 was for new work and $65,831 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1960 New work: Appropriated . -$22, 000 ..----------------- .............-.......... -$83 $1, 562, 917 Cost-....--------------- 82, 509 5, 931 $2, 625 $1, 020 991 1, 539, 682 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 16, 000 10, 000 12, 600 13, 800 14, 000 66, 400 Cost- --------------- 12,933 12,585 12,508 12,131 15,674 65,831 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.................... $14,735 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955................................................................ 14,735 ............--........ Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion p of existing project....................................................... 83 47. KNIGHTVILLE RESERVOIR, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The dam is located on the Westfield River, 27.5 miles above its junction with the Connecticut River. It is 4 miles north of the town of Huntington, Mass., and approximately 12 miles west of the city of Northampton, Mass. (See U.S. Geolog- ical Survey map for Westhampton, Mass.) Existing project. The dam is of the hydraulic-fill earth type with a dumped rock shell and a downstream rock toe. It has a top length of 1,200 feet, a top width of 30 feet, and a height of 160 feet above river bed. The spillway is a curved, concrete weir, 410 feet long, located on rock in a saddle at the right end of the dam. The outlet works are in the right abutment and consist of an intake channel 280 feet in length and a 16-foot diameter tunnel through rock: The tunnel is 605 feet long and is con- trolled by three 3-foot 6-inch by 12-foot broome gates mechan- ically operated through a control tower from a gatehouse above. Provision has been made for future installation of a penstock for the development of power at the site in accordance with a request by the Federal Power Commission. The reservoir is now operated for flood control purposes and has a storage capacity of 49,000 acre-feet which is equivalent to 5.6 inches of runoff from its drainage area of 164 square miles. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $2,395,000 for con- struction and $812,000 for lands and damages, a total of $3,207,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $22,000. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood con- trol and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin which was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, as FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DISTRICT 79 amended, and June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. New work: Op- erations consisted of completion of operator's quarters and en- gineering studies to determine value of power rights in connection with acquisition of certain lands. Costs from regular funds were $7,613. Maintenance: Operations consisted of periodic checking of gates and operating equipment and general maintenance of roads, build- ings and grounds. Costs from regular funds were $19,855. Reservoir operation: There were two periods of regulation at Knightville Reservoir during the'year. In March, 3,900 acre-feet, 8 percent of the total storage capacity, were utilized. The computed peak inflow was 4,000 c.f.s. The outlet gates were closed during the flood period. The maximum regulated outflow to empty the reservoir was 1,400 c.f.s. In April, 6,300 acre-feet, 13 percent of the total storage capacity, were utilized. The computed peak inflow was 4,300 acre-feet. The outlet gates were closed during the flood period. The maximum regulated outflow to empty the reservoir was 3,100 c.f.s. Total costs during the fiscal year from regular funds were $27,468. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam was initiated in August 1939 and completed in December 1941. Work remaining to be done consists of disposition of condemnation cases in connection with land acquisition. Total costs for the project have been $3,391,670, of which $3,197,435 was for new work and $194,235 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated...-------. $25, 000 $12, 000 -------- - $3, 207, 000 Cost .------------ ----- 20, 168 24, 112 $1, 365 $7, 069 $7, 613 3, 197, 435 Maintenance: Appropriated--- ---- - 22, 000 2, 500 16, 300 16, 000 18, 700 194, 750 Cost_----------------- 18, 564 16, 916 16,901 15,113 19,855 194, 235 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ....-.---.....---------------.. $4, 565 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ...........................................................................------------------------------------------------. 4, 565 48. CHICOPEE, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The Chicopee local protection works are located in the city of Chicopee, Massachusetts. The project is on the east bank of the Connecticut River, 80 miles above its mouth. (See U.S. Geological Survey maps for Springfield North and Mt. Tom, Mass.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, approximately 25,700 feet in length, and pumping stations for the disposal of interior drainage. The system may be broken down into three groups of protective works. The first group consists 80 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of two short sections of levee in the extreme northern portion of the city, known as the Willimansett section. The second group consists of 20,200 feet of levee starting at high ground, about 2 miles below the Willimansett Bridge, and extending downstream along the Connecticut River and up the north bank of the Chicopee River to high ground above the Boston & Maine Railroad Bridge. The third group consists of 3,200 feet of floodwall and 1,500 feet of levee starting at high ground, above the highway bridge over the Chicopee River, and extending downstream along the south bank of the Chicopee River and the east bank of the Connecticut River to high ground north of the highway bridge over the Con- necticut River. The system also provides for 4 stop-log structures and 6 pumping stations with appurtenant drainage structures. The project, with the approved plan of reservoirs, is designed to protect against a flood greater than any of record. The levee and floodwall grades are, at all points, above the maximum stage of the greatest flood of record, that of March 1936. The estimate of cost of new work (1954) is $1,738,000 for con- struction and $250,000 for lands and damages. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin and was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (H. Doc. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. The city of Chicopee has fully complied with the requirements of local cooperation for that portioh of the proj- ect which has been constructed. In addition, the city contributed $385 for the construction of a connecting sewer. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations con- sisted of construction of tie-in dike. Costs from regular funds for new work amounted to $3,631. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the authorized project was initiated in March 1939 and completed in 1941, with the exception of a section of dike in Willimansett and the Char- bonneau Terrace pumping station. Work remaining to be done consists of the completion of design and construction of the dike in the Willimansett section and the Charbonneau Terrace pump- ing station. Total costs for new work have been $295,000 from Public Works Administration funds and $1,138,601 from regular funds, a total of $1,433,601. In addition, costs of $385 apply to contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,includ- Ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .--. --$88, 500 -$155, 000 ......... ------------------------ -$899 ' $1,433, 601 Cost----------------- 4,450 190 $2 $, 700 3, 631 11,433, 601 1 Includes $295,000 Public Works funds. In addition, the sum of $385 has been expended from con- tributed funds for new work. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project..-............ $304, 399 .............. :............ FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ENGLAND DISTRICT 81 49. WEST SPRINGFIELD, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The West Springfield local protection works are lo- cated in the town of West Springfield, Massachusetts. The project is on the west bank of the Connecticut River, 76 miles above its mouth. (See U.S. Geological Survey maps for Springfield South and West Springfield, Mass.-Conn.) Existing project. This project consists of a system of earth levees and concrete floodwalls approximately 24,500 feet in length. The system starts at high ground, in the vicinity of Harrison Place, and extends downstream along the Connecticut River and up the north bank of the Westfield River to high ground at the Boston & Albany Railroad. The work involved raising 13,700 feet of existing levee, constructing 2,300 feet of floodwall, improving 2,400 feet of river bank, and treating 6,100 feet of existing levee foundation. Three pumping stations with appurtenant drainage facilities were also constructed for the disposal of interior drainage. The project, with the approved plan of reservoirs, is designed to protect against a flood greater than any of record. The levee and floodwall grades are, at all points, above the maximum stage of the greatest flood of record, that of March 1936. The cost of the completed project was $1,579,000 for construc- tion and $30,000 for lands and damages. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan of flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin and was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (H. Dec. 455, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. The town of West Springfield has fully complied with the requirements of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. Minor work to com- plete the project and consisting of grading, revision of operations manual, and preparation of as-built drawings was accomplished. Costs from regular funds for new work were $7,662. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction of the authorized project was initiated in March 1939 and completed in July 1942 with the exception of foundation treatment along the Westfield River south of Agawam Bridge, which was initiated in May 1947 and completed in November 1947, and the relief well and drainage system, which was initiated in August 1952 and completed in July 1953. Total costs have been $245,000 from Public Works Administration funds and $1,333,724 from regular funds, a total of $1,578,724. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--. - ------------- $72, 000 $400, 000 -$85, 000 -$14, 276 1 $1, 578, 724 Cost....---------------- $17, 063 11, 217 8, 278 298, 296 7, 662 1,578, 724 1 Includes $245, 000 Public Works funds. 82 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 50. WINSTED, CONNECTICUT RIVER BASIN, CONN. Location. The Winsted project is located in the city of Winsted, Conn., on Mad River, a tributary of the Farmington River, which, in turn, flows into the Connecticut River. (See U.S. Geological Survey map for Winsted, Conn.) Existing project. This project involved the improvement of the Mad River Channel to reduce flood heights. The work con- sisted of removing an abandoned dam and excavating the channel for 4,800 feet from Lake Street to a point approximately 1,600 feet below the Case Avenue Bridge. The channel excavation has a bottom width varying from 7 feet to 25 feet and has 1 on 21/2 side slopes. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $172,000 for con- struction and $30,000 for lands and damages. The project is a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Connecticut River Basin and was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (H. Doc. 724, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. The city of Winsted has fully complied with the requirements of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work consisted of completion of operations manual. Cost from regular funds for new work were $141. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in May 1950 and completed in October 1951. Total costs from regular funds have been $246,540 for new work. A portion of the costs indicated for this project are reimbursable from the bonding company due to default of contractor. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.-- _ $88, 500 $75, 000 ............ -$38, 160 -$300 $246, 540 .. Cost ----------- - 20, 591 64,663 $152,019 98 141 246, 540 FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DISTRICT 83 51. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last full Costs to June 30, 1954 report, Estimated see amount Name of project annual Operation required to report Con- and main- complete' for-- struction tenance 1. Andcver Reservoir, Conn................--------------------------- $4, 900,000 2. Barre Falls Reservoir, Mass.-------. ------------ 1953 $216,972 ----------- -2, 283, 028 3. Beards Brook Reservoir, N. H.............---.-- 1949 77, 812-.-......... 7,152,188 4. Bennington Reservoir, N. H........................ 1949 204, 692 . 12, 195, 308 1----.-. 5. Brockway Reservoir, Vt._----------------------- 1946 10,700,000 6. Buffumville Reservoir, Mass..- _------ _--- --- 1953 114, 638 ------------ 2, 525, 362 7. Cambridgeport Reservoir Vt.............---------..... 5,170, 000 8. Claremont Reservoir, N. H.._ 1949 206, 795 ............. 12, 793,205 9. Clyde, R. I...._-_----------------- _--- --- 1948 8, 830 , 601, 170 10. East Brimfield Reservoir, Mass.-----._-------- 1951 69, 942 _-----------5,250, 058 11. East Hartford, Conn..... ....------ .-- ..--. 1951 1 2,135, 447-...-----.... (2) 12. Gaysville Reservoir, Vt......-...-.-----------.-..-...-............. 16, 900, 000 13. Hartford, Conn.__... ...--.- . -------- 1953 106, 457, 222 _. 11302, 778 14. Hodges Village Reservoir, Mass,.-. --...---- ----- ---------. ..... ---..........- 3, 040, 000 15. Holyoke, Mass......----------------------------- 1953 Is 3, 418, 000 .......... -(2) 16. Honey Hill Reservoir, N. H.-.......----------- . 1949 92, 215 .........-. 3, 967, 785 17. Hopkinton-Everett Reservoir, N. H.--............... 1941 67, 131 .......... -(5) 18. Lowell, Mass.............-.------ -.----------- 1945 490, 600 .----.------- (2) 19. Ludlow Reservoir, Vt.- --------------------- ------------- 5,690,000 20. Mountain Brook Reservoir, N. H.---------------.o1949 56,891------------- (6) 21. Nashua, N. H..... 1950 .....------------------------------ 14270,000 ------------- (2) 22. North Andover and Lawrence, Mass............... 1949 19, 489 ............. 1, 660, 511 23. Northampton, Mass.-.---- ..--- ..--.------.--. 1950 960, 000 .........-.. -(2) 24. North Hartland Reservoir, Vt.-..-- .-.---------- 1951 28, 961 ...-...-.... 9, 621, 039 25. North Springfield Reservoir, Vt....- ..-- .--------- 1949 9, 005-............ 9, 250, 995 26. Norwalk, Conn.---__ ....--.- - .-.----.------- 1952 52,150 --.......... (2) (7) 27. Norwich Channel Improvement, Conn............. 1953 643,144 ._......... 17596, 856 28. Pawtucket, R. I. . ------------------.-----.. 1949 ------------.... 202, 000 29. Pontiac Diversion, R. I.........- ...-.--------- 1948 24, 217 ............. ()(')5, 245, 783 30. Riverdale, Mass.----- ----.------------------- 1952 15 1, 138, 075 ............. (2) 31. South Coventry Reservoir, Conn........---... . 1951 96,000 -..-..... . 10, 004, 000 32. South Tunbridge Reservoir, Vt..-------------------------------- ------------- 5,440,000 33. Springdale, Mass...---------- . .------------------ 1 952 700, 000------------- (2) 16932, 000 .............------------- (2) 34. Springfield, Mass......---------------------------1950 35. Sugar Hill Reservoir, N. H.----------- ---------- 1946 -- ------- . . .----- (8) 36. The Island Reservoir, Vt........ ...--..---------- -- .... - -. .. 3, 310, 000 37. Thomaston Reservoir, Conn.---............-.-- 1952 25, 042 .......... 14, 974, 958 38. Townshend Reservoir, Vt.--...-- ------------ . 1951 70, 505 ...-...-..... 10, 129, 495 39. West Brookfield Reservoir Mass........------- . 1948 67, 154 ---.......... 8, 922, 846 40. West Canaan Reservoir, N. H.----...---- -------- 1948 91, 900 ............ 8,968, 100 41. West Hill Reservoir, Mass...... --------...... - .. 1951 82, 724 ..-.......... 2, 647, 276 42. Westville Reservoir, Mass.. ........----......... . 1949 78, 568 ........... 5, 811, 432 43. Williamsville Reservoir, Vt....----............ 1949 146, 502 ............. (I) 44. Woonsocket, R. I.....--------------------------- 1953 ------- ------------- , 880, 000 45, Worcester Diversion, Mass .....-------------------- 1951 69, 737 ....... . 4, 120, 263 1 1954 estimate except as otherwise noted. Completed. e 1949 estimate. SAuthorization expired due to failure of local interests to furnish assurances within the 5-year period allowed by law. ' Bennington and Beards Brook Reservoirs have been substituted. 67 A dam has been constructed at the site by private interests. Flood control work under authority of See. 205, Public Law 858, 80th Cong., 2d seas. 8 Alternate site to be selected. ' The Island, Townshend and Ball Mountain Reservoirs have been substituted. 16In addition, approximately $2,542,500 has been expended to date from contributed funds. During the fiscal year an adjustment of $14,868 was credited to the Federal account and charged to the Contributed funds account. InAdditional funds will be required from the City of Hartford. n In addition, $7,637 was expended from contributed funds. s In addition, $24,446 was expended from contributed funds. 14In addition, $327 was expended from contributed funds. 16In addition, $25,000 was expended from contributed funds. 16In addition, $5,350 was expended from contributed funds. "Revoked during fiscal year $856. Assurances of local cooperation were approved by the Chief of Engineers on February 10, 1954. 84 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, Ui S. ARMY, 1954 52. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. Costs and expenditures for exami- nations and surveys during the fiscal year amounted to $466,968 (:including $69 for beach erosion and $437,251 for New Eng- land-New York InterAgency Committee studies). The unex- pended balance of $15,291 at the end of the fiscal year plus an allotment of $404,000, a total of $419,291, can be profitably ex- pended in fiscal year 1955 for completion of studies for the New England-New York InterAgency Committee and continuation of navigation and beach erosion studies. Collection and study of basic data. Costs and expenditures for collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year amounted to $1,277 for flood emergency studies and $1,461 for flood investigations. The unexpended balance of $262 at the end of the fiscal year plus an allotment of $7,000, a total of $7,262, can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1955 for continuation of miscellaneous studies. 53. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS In accordance with provision of the Flood Control Act of 1936, as amended, local flood protection works constructed with Federal funds are transferred to local interests to operate and maintain. To insure compliance with regulations prescribed for their opera- tion and maintenance, regular and periodic inspections of the fol- lowing projects were made during the fiscal year: Northampton, Mass. Springfield, Mass. Holyoke, Mass. Hartford, Conn. Springdale, Mass. East Hartford, Conn. Riverdale, Mass. Winsted, Conn. Chicopee, Mass. Nashua, N.H. West Springfield, Mass. Lowell, Mass. Portions of dikes, floodwalls, and a pumping station at West Springfield were altered and rebuilt by local interests due to the construction of a new highway along the river bank. Inspection of this work to assure construction in accordance with Corps of Engineers' standards was paid for by the Commonwealth of Mas- sachusetts. In connection with inspections at East Hartford, practice exer- cises, conducted by local Civil Defense authorities, were held to test the effectiveness of local flood-fighting organization and co- operating agencies. Cost for inspection work during the fiscal year amounted to $1,644. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated ....------... $2, 867 $1, 607 $2, 000 $1, 100 $13, 907 -------------- Cost... 2, 867 1, 607 -- - 1, 456 1-______ 1, 644 13, 907 FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ENGLAND DISTRICT 85 54. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Sec. 18 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). Pursuant to this authority $50,000 was made available in fiscal year 1954 for clearing of Ashuelot River at Keene, N. H. Plans and specifications were prepared, a contract awarded, and work initiated. Costs for new work during the fiscal year were $14,407. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1960 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--.....-----............... ----------- ----------------------- $50, 000 $50, 000 Cost .........----------....---...------------ ------------.......---------------------- 14, 407 14, 407 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954................ ......... $12, 468 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 12,468 ........------------.......-------.................----...............--................----------------------....................... RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 87 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT This district comprises western Vermont, small portions of western Massachusetts and Connecticut, eastern New York, in- cluding Long Island, and northeastern New Jersey, embraced in the drainage basins tributary to Lake Champlain and the St. Law- rence River system east thereof and to the Atlantic Ocean from New York-Connecticut State line to but not including Manas- quan Inlet, N. J. It exercises jurisdiction, however, over all matters pertaining to the improvement of the Great Lakes to Hudson River waterway. Under the direction of the Secretary of the Army, the district engi- neer, as Supervisor of New York Harbor, also exercises jurisdic- tion under the laws enacted for the preservation of the tidal waters of New York Harbor, its adjacent or tributary waters, and the waters of Long Island Sound. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Port Jefferson Harbor, N. Y.... 87 23. New York and New Jersey 2. Mattituck Harbor, N. Y.......... 89 Channels. ... ......... 129 3. Lake Montauk Harbor, N. Y._ 90 24. Newark Bay, Hackensack & 4. Long Island Intracoastal Wa- Passaic Rivers, N. J.............. 133 terway, N. Y-.....---------......... 92 25. Great Kills Harbor, Staten 5. Fire Island Inlet, N. Y __-..--.. .. 93 Island, N. Y..................... 137 6. Great South Bay, N.Y. ........___ 94 26. Raritan River, N. J................--.. 138 7. Jones Inlet, N. Y ............ _ 96 27. Shrewsbury River, N. J........... 141 8. East Rockaway (Debs) Inlet, 28. Supervision of New York Har- N. Y ..................... ......... ....--- 98 bor..................................... ...... 143 9. Jamaica Bay, N. Y. .............. _ 100 29. Inactive Navigation Projects.. 146 10. Coney Island Channel, N. Y.... 102 11. Bay Ridge & Red Hook Flood Control Channels, N. Y ................ 103 12. Gowanus Creek Channel, N.Y 105 30. Hoosick Falls, Hoosic River 13. East River, N. Y .................... 107 Basin, N. Y ........................ 148 14. Harlem River, N. Y.......... 109 31. North Adams, Hoosic River 15. Hudson River Channel, New Basin, M ass........................... 148 York Harbor .......................... 111 32. Adams, Hoosic River Basin, 16. Rondout Harbor, N. Y .. _...... 114 Mass ................................... 151 17. Hudson River, N. Y.............. 115 33. Inactive Flood Control Projects 153 18. Great Lakes to Hudson River 34. General Investigations_.... . 153 Waterway, N. Y. ................. 119 35. Inspection of Completed Flood 19. Narrows of Lake Champlain, Control Works........................ 154 N. Y. & Vt ............ .............. 122 36. Flood Control Works Under 20. Burlington Harbor, Vt............. 123 Special Authorization............ 155 21. New York Harbor, N. Y.......... 125 22. New York Harbor, Collection of Drift .................................. 128 1. PORT JEFFERSON HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This is an indentation of the north shore of Long Island, about 56 miles by water east of the Battery, New York City, and 13.5 miles southeast of Bridgeport Harbor, Conn. It is 88 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 about 1.75 miles long and averages 0.7 mile wide. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 361.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified in 1875 and 1877. For further details, see Annual Reports for 1875, 1877, and 1915, pages 265, 221, and 1771, respectively. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel through the entrance 300 feet wide and 16 feet deep at mean low water, for repairing and enlarging two riprap jetties built under the previous project, and for extending the east jetty a distance of 450 feet. The length of channel included in the project is about 2,600 feet, the length of the west jetty is 940 feet, and the projected length of the east jetty about 2,000 feet. Mean tidal range, 6.4 feet inside of entrance channel; mean range of spring tides, 7.7 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 6.2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,210,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects, $57,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1938) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documen Sept. 9,1890 Enlarging jetties and dredging channel 10 feet deep Annual Report, 1 , p. 751. and 200 feet wide. Aug. 18,1894 Dredging channel 12 feet deep..------------------- Annual Report, 95, p. 831. July 3,1930 Channel 16 feet deep and 300 feet wide and extension H. Doc. 305, 7 Cong., 1st sees. of east jetty. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall dredge the channel to full project dimensions under plans to be approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of War, or shall contribute $57,000 to the cost of he work. Terminal facilities. There are 8 terminals with a total avail- able berthage of 2,430 feet located at the head of the harbor, 1 of which is a shipyard with storage space for 50 vessels and equipped with 3 marine railways. One privately owned pier is open to the public. The facilities are adequate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the entrance channel was $646 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced in May 1891 and is about 30 percent complete. The channel was completed to a 12-foot depth by the United States in 1903, and was partially dredged to a 16-foot depth by private interests under the modified project in 1930 and 1931. The east jetty has been built to a length of 1,500 feet and the west jetty to a length of 940 feet, but of incomplete width and height. These jetties have aided materially in maintaining the width and depth of the dredged channel lying between them. No work of mainte- nance or improvement has been done by the United States since RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 89 1909. When examined in October 1953, the controlling depth at mean low water through the channel was 16 feet for a width vary- ing from 70 to 300 feet. The work remaining to be done under the existing project consists in completing the jetties to project di- mensions and removing a few shoals left after the dredging of the 16-foot channel by private interests. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $102,499, of which $91,227 was for new work and $11,272 for maintenance. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New. work: Appropriated ......------------------------------------------------------------ $171, 427 Cost........---------------------------------- ---------------------- -------- 171, 427 Maintenance: . Appropriated ........---------------------------------------- $700 -$54 11, 272 Cost--------------------------------------------------------............ $646 11, 272 1 Includes $80,200 for new work for previous projects. 2 Exclusive of $57,000 to be contributed by local interests. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project---..--...---..---------............................ 2$1, 119,000 2. MATTITUCK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This is a tidal inlet on the north shore of Long Island, 85 miles east of the Battery, New York City, and 24 miles south- east of New Haven Harbor, Conn., extending southward about 21/4 miles to the village of Mattituck. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 363). Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water from Long Island Sound to the bridge at Water- ville, protected at the entrance by two parallel jetties 400 feet apart, thence 7 feet deep at mean high water to the village of Mattituck, the widths being 100 feet at the entrance and 80 feet elsewhere. Total length of the channel is about 2.2 miles. Mean tidal range at entrance, 4.9 feet; at Old Mill Bridge, Waterville, 5.1 feet; mean range of spring tides at entrance, 5.8 feet; at Old Mill Bridge, 6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and baro- metric pressure vary from 2.2 feet below mean low water up to 6.6 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project, including the cost of maintenance up to June 30, 1909, was $133,344. The latest (1950) approved estimated cost of annual maintenance is $12,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 The 7-foot channel, and 2 riprap jetties-........---------..--... Annual Report, 1891, p. 843. Aug. 30, 1935 250-foot extension to west jetty_ ------------------ H. Doc. 8, 71st Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A bulkhead and pier approximately 100 90 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 feet in length are situated at the entrance to the harbor. There is a timber bulkhead at Waterville, with available wharfage of 710 feet. At the head of the project there is a crib pier, in poor con- dition, with 50 feet of available wharfage. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $285 for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced September 1900 and substantially completed Au- gust 1938. The dredging was completed in 1914. The east jetty was completed in 1906 for a length of 775 feet. The west jetty was completed in 1938. When examined in May 1950 and October 1953, the controlling mean low water depth was 7 feet for a width of 50 to 100 feet from Long Island Sound to 900 feet upstream from south end of west jetty, thence 7 feet for a width varying from 80 to 40 feet to Old Mill drawbridge, thence 4 feet for a width varying from 80 to 30 feet to Long Creek, thence the depths de- crease to zero at the village of Mattituck. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954 was $347,- 025--$133,344 for new work and $213,681 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1964 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated----.......----...--.....-- ----------- --------------------- -------------- 33,844 Cost ---------------------------------------------------------------- 133, 344 Maintenance: Appropriated. Cost ------ . $900 ........-----------------900 $14, 885s .. 14,88 -------------------- $00 -$15 285 213, 681 213, 681 3. LAKE MONTAUK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the east end of Long Island, about 3 miles by land west of Montauk Point and 125 miles by water east of New York City. It is landlocked on the east, south, and west sides and is connected on the north with Block Island Sound by an artifical inlet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 362.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide extending from the 12-foot con- tour in Block Island Sound to the same depth in the existing yacht basin east of Star Island; for a boat basin 10 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 900 feet long, located northwest of Star Island; and for the repair and extension shoreward of the east and west jetties. The length of section included in the project is 0.7 mile. Mean tidal range, 1.9 feet; mean range of spring tides, 2.2 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2 feet below mean low water up to 7 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $452,000, exclusive of $82,738 from the Navy Department funds. The esti- mate of annual cost of maintenanice, made in 1950, is $7,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 91 of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 369, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map, see project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: a. Furnish, free of cost to the United States, spoil disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as re- quired. b. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages that may occur from the construction and maintenance of the improvements. c. Convey to the United States, free of cost, all necessary rights- of-way and structures, including such absolute and indefeasible easement in the body of water known as Lake Montauk Harbor and in the shores and bed thereof as may be necessary to insure its permanent dedication to the use and purpose of a public navigable waterway. d. Give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will construct and maintain for free public use suitable road- ways to permit access to the boat basin and inner harbor. e. Give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will construct and maintain a suitable public landing open to all on equal and reasonable terms. And provided further that no work be done by the United States until the rights-of-way, struc- tures, and easement specified in c above have been conveyed to the United States; and title to rights-of-way required for roadways and landing facilities specified in d and e above, has been vested in the county of Suffolk or the town of East Hampton, in the State of New York. Under date of December 8, 1942, the Chief of Engi- neers approved the instruments complying with condition c above, and partially complying with items a and b. Work under- taken in Lake Montauk Harbor in 1942 was not then a part of an authorized river and harbor project but was performed for the Navy Department. The conditions of local cooperation required under the project were not considered wholly applicable. The supervisor, town of East Hampton, was notified of the con- ditions of local cooperation in letter dated January 24, 1946. Local interests have indicated that the remaining conditions will be met within the near future. Terminal facilities. Water terminals, twenty in number, of which three are not presently usable and one is under construc- tion, with a total available berthage of 4,089 feet, are located on the east side of Star Island, the lake area south of the island, at the inner end of entrance channel. None of the terminals has rail connections or is equipped with freight handling devices. Nine- teen of the terminals are privately owned, and one is publicly owned. Upon completion of a public landing to be constructed in accordance with the requirements of local cooperation, the term- inals will be adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $400 for mainte- nance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was 31 percent completed. Dredging of the entrance channel 92 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 and shoreward extension of the west jetty were performed from August 1942 to January 1943 at the request of the Navy Depart- ment with Navy funds. When examined in October 1953, the con- trolling depth at mean low water was 10 feet for a width varying from 80 to 150 feet from a point in iBlock Island Sound about 300 feet north of the west jetty to the upstream limit in Yacht Basin east of Star Island. The boat basin was found to have a depth of from 10 to ±1.3 feet for a width of 400 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging a boat basin northwest of Star Island; repair of existing east and west jetties and shoreward extension of the east jetty. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $140,347-$82,738, Navy funds for new work, and $57,609, regular funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated,------------------------------------------.------------ Cost--------------------------------------------------------------- Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------- $54,988 $413 $328 $400 ---.------- $57, 609 Cost................ ---------------- 54,988 413 $400 328 ...-----------........ 57,609 1Cost of $82,738 were applied against Navy funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project , , , , , , , , , , ,, , , , , , , , , $452, 000 4. LONG ISLAND INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, N. Y. Location. This waterway extends from East Rockaway Inlet, on the south side of Long Island, to Great Peconic Bay at the east- ern end of Long Island. The section included under this project extends from Great South Bay opposite Patchogue to the south end of Shinnecock Canal. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 578.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 6 feet deep at mean low water from the federally improved channel in Great South Bay, opposite Patchogue to the south end of Shinnecock Canal. The length of the section included in the project is 34 miles. The mean tidal range varies from 1.0 foot in Chinnecock Bay to 0.7 foot in Patchogue Bay; mean range of spring tides varies from 1.2 feet to 0.8 foot; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 1.8 feet below low water to 12.0 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $235,964. The latest (1950) approved estimated cost of annual maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 181, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local in- terests are required to furnish suitable spoil disposal areas for subsequent maintenance as required. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 93 Terminal facilities. There are 17 boat repair and storage yards within the area immediately adjacent to the Federal im- provement. There is ample room for expansion and development of terminals when future commerce warrants. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $951 for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced October 1939 and completed September 1940. When examined in October 1953, the controlling mean low water depth in the channel was 4 feet for a width of 100 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $328,088, of which $235,964 was for new work and $92,124 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- ----------- . .$235, -- -------------------.---.-------.. 964 Cost--------- ------------------------------------------------------ ---- 235,964 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ------- $6, 005 ............---- ............ $1, 000 -- 49 92, 124 Cost.---------------- 32, 229 ........-- ..----....--- ...-----------....... ----- 951 92, 124 5. FIRE ISLAND INLET, N. Y. Location. Fire Island Inlet is situated on the south shore of Long Island, about 50 miles by water south and east of the Bat- tery, New York City. It is the main entrance into Great South Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Chart No. 578.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a jetty extending generally southwest and south for a length of 5,000 feet from high ground on Democrat Point at the west end of Fire Is- land, and a channel 10 feet deep and 250 feet wide from deep water in the ocean to deep water within the inlet. Mean tidal range at ocean and inlet ends of Democrat Point are 4.1 and 2.6 feet, re- spectively. Irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2.5 feet below mean low water up to 2.6 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $594,355, exclusive of $90,190 contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1950, is $110,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26,1937 Construction of jetty....---..----------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 33, 75th Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 Channel 10 feet deep-..-----............................--------------------... H. Doc. 762, 80th Cong., 2d seas. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: 94 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 a. Furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from any damages re- sulting from the improvement. These conditions have not been fulfilled. The requirements un- der the act of August 26, 1937, have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. No terminals are within the area immedi- ately adjacent to the Federal improvement. There are 42 com- mercial and pleasure boating terminals with a total berthage of 15,935 feet located at Patchogue, Sayville, West Sayville, Islip, and Bay Shore. In addition, 49 boat repair and storage yards are located along the shores of Great South Bay and adjacent creeks. The facilities are ample for present and probable future needs. There is room for expansion should future commerce warrant. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The costs of surveys to determine the condition of the channel were $1,931 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced June 1939. The jetty was completed in 1941 and in view of the fact that a survey made in November 1953 re- vealed the existence of a channel with dimensions substantially the same as those authorized, work under the existing project was considered complete as of November 1953. When last examined in May 1954 the controlling mean low water depth was 10 feet for a width of 150 to 250 feet from deep water in the ocean to deep water within the inlet. The jetty has surpassed its capacity as a sand entrapping agent and when examined in October 1953 was found to be in fair condition. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $690,087-$594,355 United States funds and $90,190 contributed funds-a total of $684,545 for new work and $5,542 for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated.. Cost.. - ------- -------- --------------- --------------------- ---------------------- -------------------- --- ----------- $594, 355 594,355 Maintenance: Appropriated. ..--------.. ....-------- ............ $2, 000 $151------------ $1, 983 6, 212 Cost---------- ------------------- 1,383 151 ------------........... 1,931 5,542 In addition $90,190 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 6. GREAT SOUTH BAY, N. Y. Location. This is a lagoon inside the south shore of Long Is- land, N. Y., about 26 miles long and 2 to 6 miles wide. The prin- cipal entrance, through Fire Island Inlet, is about 50 miles by water south and east of the Battery, New York City. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 578.) RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 95 Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1773, Annual Report for 1915, and page 182, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 200 feet wide and 10 feet deep at mean low water from Fire Island Inlet to the central basin in Great South Bay, and a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the central basin in the bay to the head of navigation in Patchogue River. The length of section included in the project is about 19.1 miles. Mean tidal range in the bay, 0.7 foot; mean range of spring tides, 0.8 foot; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 1.7 feet below mean water up to 4.6 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $213,000 exclusive of amount expended under previous project. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. No. 103, 56th Cong., 2d sess.). For latest published map, see Annual Report for 1916, page 2018. Terminal facilities. Water terminals, 21 in number, with avail- able wharfage of 5,045 feet, are located along the shores of Patch- ogue River. One terminal has mechanical handling facilities; seven have marine railways. There are 8 boat-building yards; 2 fuel-oil terminals; a coal yard; and 2 village wharves open to the public. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $1,878 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced November 1902 and is about 60 percent complete. The channel in Patchogue River was completed in 1904. Of the dredging through three bars, necessary to provide the projected channel, only the easterly one, bar C, was dredged. The west jetty, 1,700 feet long, completed under the previous project in 1897 and repaired in 1914, and the east jetty, formed of a sand spit, 1,000 feet long, with a riprap extension 330 feet long, com- pleted in 1917, are in good condition. When examined in October 1953 and May 1954, the controlling mean low water depth was 10 feet for widths of 140 to 200 feet from Fire Island Inlet to Point of Woods except for three shoals bypassed by naturally deep water, thence 7 feet to Green Point and 8 feet from there to junction with channel to Patchogue River for widths of 200 feet, thence 7 feet for widths of 50 to 100 feet to the head of project in Patchogue River. The head of navigation is Division Street, Patchogue, about 19.1 miles by channel from the entrance at Fire Island Inlet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging through two bars necessary to provide the projected channel to Patchogue River. The total cost of the existing project to June 30. 1954. was $255,162-$59,821 for new work and $195,341 for maintenance. Sig 4--95-126 96 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- I ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ..... ----........ .. .-- .----- - - $99, 821 Cost ..------------ ------------ ------------ ---------------- -------- ----- 99, 821 Maintenance: Appropriated ..------- -$17, 158 $565 $800 $1, 200 195, 463 Cost.............-----------------.. 37,529 1,617 ------------ 1,878 195,341 1 Includes $40,000 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- --...... propriated for completion of existing project -----------..... .........-----------$153, 000 7. JONES INLET, N. Y. Location. This is a small inlet on the south shore of Long Island connecting Hempstead Bay with the Atlantic Ocean. It is 37 miles by water southeast of the Battery, New York City. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 579.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance jetty and a channel 12 feet deep and 250 feet wide, from that depth in the ocean through the inlet to the Loop Causeway Bridge over Long Creek. The length of section included in the project is about 2.1 miles. The mean tidal range varies from 4.2 feet at the ocean entrance to 3.1 feet at the Loop Causeway Bridge; the mean range of spring tides varies from 5.0 feet to 3.7 feet, respectively; ir- regular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 8.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,785,000, exclusive of $1,785,000 (one-half of total cost) to be contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, re- vised in 1949, is $65,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, (H. Doc. 409, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map see project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: a. Contribute 50 percent of the first cost of the improvement. b. Furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas needed for the initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required. c. Hold and save the United States free of claims for damages resulting from the improvements. d. Provide and maintain a channel 12 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide from the Loop Causeway Bridge over Long Creek to the head of navigation in Freeport Creek at Mill Road. Assurances of compliance with the above conditions were ac- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 97 cepted by the Secretary of the Army on April 15, 1953. Authority was also granted by the Secretary of the Army on September 16, 1952, to accept an advance of funds amounting to $2,000,000 of- fered by the State of New York, the County of Nassau and the town of Hempstead to carry out the improvement at this time. The sum of $2,715,000, $1,357,500 advanced and $1,357,500 con- tributed, was deposited to the credit of the United States on July 2, 1953. Terminal facilities. Within the area tributary to Jones Inlet there are a number of privately owned small wharves and 40 boat repair and storage yards. The latter are equipped for the repair of pleasure craft and fishing vessels. In addition, there are nine public wharves open to the public free of charge, with a total dock- age of 2,180 feet. Additional terminals would have to be con- structed for the receipt of commercial freight in any sizable quantity. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Under a contract for construction of a stone jetty at the entrance to the inlet, work was commenced November 18, 1953, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year, 259,727 cubic feet, solid measure, of stone were placed at a cost of $286,118, including the cost of engineering and design, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the jetty is about 14 per cent complete. The controlling mean low water depth through the inlet was 6 feet along a circuitous course when examined in September 1952. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of completion of the jetty and dredging of the channel to its authorized dimensions. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $293,678-$5,000 United States funds, $143,059 contributed funds and $143,059 advanced funds, a total of $291,118 for new work and $2,560 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated........ .....------------------------------------ $5,000 $5, 000 Cost.....----......-----.....--------.---------- ------- . . 5,000 ----------- 5,000 Maintenance: --- Appropriated........ ----------------------------------------------------------- 2, 560 Cost ----------- ------------------------- --------------------------------- 2,560 1 Exclusive of $1,785,000 to be contributed by local interests. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project ...------------------............................... $1,780, 000 98 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ADVANCED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated $1, 357, 500 $1, 357, 500 Cost_ _ 143, 059 143,059 Maintenance: Appropriated .- Cost _- _ Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954----....--..------............. $193, 909 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June . .....----------------------------------------------- 30, 1955----- 93,909 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .- - $1,357, 500 $1, 357, 500 Cost- _-- -------------------------------- 143,059 143,059 Maintenance: Appropriated Cost_ --- - -- - - - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ...........-- - ............$193, 891 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955................-------------------------------------------- $193,891 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project -__-_ -..... ...... ...... 427, 500 8. EAST ROCKAWAY (DEBS) INLET, N. Y. Location. This inlet is situated on the south shore of Long Island between the main body of the island and the western end of Long Beach. It is 10 miles east of Rockaway Inlet and about 27 miles by water south and east from the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 579 and 1215.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 250 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in the Atlantic Ocean to the 12-foot contour in Long Beach Channel, a dis- tance of about 0.6 mile, protected by jetties. Mean tidal range, 4.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 4.9 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4.1 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work made in 1954 is $1,310,000 (ex- cluding $100,000, local contribution). The latest 1950 approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 19, 71st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall contribute $100,000 to the cost RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 99 of the work; give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will provide and maintain at their own expense interior channels suitable for navigation, not less than 12 feet deep, from East Rockaway Inlet to the Hempstead- Oyster Bay line, a distance of about 15 miles, to Hewlett Harbor and to Freeport Harbor; furnish, without expense to the United States, necessary land, easements and rights-of-way for construc- tion and maintenance of the jetties, and agree to hold and save the United States free of claims for damages to public and private property resulting from the improvement. Assurances of compliance with the conditions of local coopera- tion precedent to construction of entrance channel and east jetty were approved by the Chief of Engineers and Secretary of War on July 14 and 15, 1932, respectively. Local contribution of $100,000 was deposited to the credit of the United States on August 23, 1932. Since the construction of the west jetty is not considered necessary at this time, easements, rights-of-way, and release of claims for damages necessary for construction are not being se- cured. Terminal facilities. There are 33 terminals in Oceanside, Island Park, Long Beach, and East Rockaway. Eight of these are oil terminals-6 at Oceanside, one of which has a railroad spur, and 2 at Island Park. The other terminals consist of repair and moor- ing docks with a berthage of 3150 feet. Of these 14 have marine railways and 1 has mechanical handling facilities. There are public wharves at East Rockaway and Woodmere, and the waterfront on the north side of Long Beach has been bulkheaded. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge, Lyman was employed from September 24, 1953, to October 25, 1953, in dredging to restore the project channel to a depth of 12 feet. During the fiscal year 56,600 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $64,797 for maintenance, including the cost of engineering preliminary to dredging. The cost of a condition survey was $863 for maintenance. The total cost was $65,660 for maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced February 1933, and is about 85 percent complete. The east jetty, 4,250 feet long, was completed in July 1934. The project channel was completed in May 1935. When examined in June 1954, the controlling mean low water depth through the best available channel from deep water in Atlantic Ocean to deep water in East Rockaway Inlet was 12 feet for a width varying from 250 to 170 feet. The easy jetty was in good condition. The work re- maining to be done under the existing project consists of building a west jetty, if necessary, to protect the channel. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954 was $832,344-$421,369 from regular funds and $82,600 from Public Works funds, a total of $503,969 for new work and $328,375 from regular funds for maintenance. In addition, the costs from con- tributed funds were $100,000 for new work. 100 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ................................--------------------------------------------------------- $503, 969 Cost.--------- ------------------------- --- -- ------------ 503,969 Maintenance: Appropriated -----..--.---... - $454 $96, 505 -$8, 727 $67, 500 330, 284 Cost..----------------------------- 454 85,878 1,831 65, 660 328, 375 1 In addition $100,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project...............................-... ............... $806, 000 9. JAMAICA BAY, N. Y. Location. This is a bay inside the south shore of Long Island, the entrance being about 17 miles by water south and east of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 542.) Previous projects. Adopted by the acts of June 14, 1880, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1770 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 185 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an interior channel ex- tending from the vicinity of the Marine Parkway Bridge along the west and north shores of the bay, 18 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide to Mill Basin, with a swinging basin, 1,000 feet wide and 1,000 feet long at that point; thence 12 feet deep'and 200 feet wide to Fresh Creek Basin; and interior channel extending from the same locality along the south shore to Head of Bay, 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide; a channel in Mott Basin, 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide extending from the channel along the south shore, 3,000 feet to the junction of the two branches, thence 2,200 feet in the north branch (Inwood Creek) and 3,200 feet in the south branch; and an entrance channel connecting the two interior channels with deep water in the Atlantic Ocean, of suit- able hydraulic dimensions to maintain the present tidal prism in the bay, but not less than 18 feet deep and 500 feet wide from opposite Barren Island to Rockaway Point, thence enlarging to not less than 20 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide to sea, protected by one riprap jetty. Length of section included in project is 19.7 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.9 feet at Barren Island, and 5.1 feet at Head of Bay; mean range of spring tides, 5.9 and 6.1 feet, re- spectively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 4 feet below mean water to 4.9 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, excluding amounts expended on previous projects but including $4,228,439 expended for new work under River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910, is $5,178,000. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1950, is $103,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 101 Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 Construction of 1 jetty..------------.......................------------ H. Doc. 1488, 60th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Interior channel along west shore of bay, 18 and 12 H. Doc. 700, 76th Cong., 3d sess. feet deep; interior channel along south shore, 15 feet deep; entrance channel, 20 and 18 feet deep; and 1 riprap jetty, all in lieu of work heretofore authorized. Modified conditions of local coopera- tion. M4y 17, 1950 Channel 15 feet deep in Mott Basin including its 2 IH. Doe. 665, 80th Cong., 2d sess. branches. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that in lieu of conditions heretofore prescribed, local interests shall furnish free of cost to the United States, suit- able areas for the disposal of dredged materials for new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and shall hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The city of New York was notified of the con- ditions of local cooperation in letter dated January 25, 1946. In letter dated February 7, 1946, the mayor of the city of New York advised that disposal areas are available and that the necessary document "holding the United States free from claim for dam- ages" would be executed. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: a. Furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable areas for disposal of dredged material during construction of the project and for subsequent maintenance, as and when required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works and subsequent maintenance. c. Perform all necessary alterations to the existing terminals and bulkheads, and dredge adequate approaches thereto. These conditions have not been fulfilled. Terminal facilities. There are 40 terminals with a total avail- able berthage of 16,493 feet located along the shores of Jamaica Bay, most of which are concentrated at two general localities; Mill Basin on the west shore, and from Seaside to and including Head of Bay on the south shore. Two of the terminals are available for public wharfage; none has direct rail connections. Nineteen yacht clubs and 18 boatyards, equipped with marine railways, are located within the bay. In addition, there are a number of small landings for pleasure craft. The existing facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Under a contract for repair of 225 linear feet of the jetty, work was commenced June 10, 1953, and was completed on August 10, 1953. During the fiscal year, 609.2 tons of stone were placed at a cost of $12,913 for maintenance. The cost of a condition survey, to determine the condition of a portion of the interior channel was $1,951 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $14,864 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced August 1912 and is about 87 percent complete. The westerly interior channel from Barren Island to Fresh Creek 102 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Basin and the swinging basin at Mill Basin have been dredged to project dimensions. No new work dredging of the entrance chan- nel was done, since depths were greater than those required under the project. The east jetty, completed August 4, 1933, for a total length of about 8,400 feet, was in good condition when examined in August 1953. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels included in this project are as follows: Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) Entrance channel: From Atlantic Ocean to Rockaway Point ........... 20 1, 000 June 1952. Rockaway Point to Barren Island -... 18 500 Do. Interior channel (north and west shores): Barren Island to Mill Basin........_------------------ 18 300 Do. Swinging Basin ...... -------------------------. --- 18 1,000 Do. Mill Basin to Fresh Creek Basin___-- 12 200 Do. Interior channel (south shore): Barren Island to Cross Bay Boulevard Br _....-- 1 15 180-200 June-July 1953. Cross Bay Boulevard Br. to Long Island R. R. Br_ _ 11 140-200 Do. Long Island R. R. Br. to Sommerville Basin.... 6 125-200 Do. Sommerville Basin to Mott Basin ------------ 1 100-200 Do. Mott Basin to Head of Bay.... ._-----------------15 200 Do. Mott Basin-----................. --------- ..-- ------- (2) (2) Do. I Except for a shoal of 6 feet across the channel at Neponsit about 1.2 miles above junction. _ The controlling depth of existing channels is 9 feet for widths varying from 80 to 200 feet. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of dredging the southerly interior channel, and the channel in Mott Basin. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $4,350,857-$4,228,440 for new work and $122,417 for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 . prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ... ..... $4, 307, 772 Cost _- 4, 307, 772 Maintenance: Appropriated- $1,900 -$290 $1,400 $38,014 --$4,734 127,627 Cost_ 1, 180 430 914 16, 654 14, 864 125, 378 I Includes $79,332 for new work and $2,961 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project .......... ...... .... .. ...... _ . 950, 000 10. CONEY ISLAND CHANNEL, N. Y. Location. This channel is situated on the east side of Lower Bay, New York Harbor, about 9 miles south of the Battery,.New York City. The channel is shown on United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369, but it is not named. Existing project. This provides for a channel 600 feet wide and 20 feet deep at mean low water, extending from deep water southwest of Nortons Point to deep water off Rockaway Inlet, a total length of about 1% miles. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 103 range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $111,371. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $12,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 442, 59th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Terminal facilities. There is a municipally owned pier built out from the Coney Island shore for summer passenger travel; it does not extend to the channel. It is sufficient for this use. Commercially the channel is part of the water route between New York Harbor and Jamaica Bay and points east along the southern shore of Long Island. (For further details, see Port Series No. 20, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $296 for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1913. When examined in June 1954, the controlling mean low water depth was 20 feet for a width varying from 340 to 600 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $330,409-$111,371 for new work and $219,038 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .---------- _ _ $111, 371 Cost-...- .......-- -- -- -- _ _ - . 111, 371 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ------------------------------------ ------------ $400 219, 142 Cost_------- -- ----------- ----------------- ------------------ 296 219, 038 11. BAY RIDGE AND RED HOOK CHANNELS, N. Y. Location. These channels lie along the east shore of the Upper Bay, New York Harbor, and with Buttermilk Channel, form an easterly channel along the Brooklyn waterfront from the Nar- rows to East River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 369 and 541.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 11, 1888, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, and June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 1768 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 195 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 1,200 feet wide and 40 feet deep at mean low water from the Narrows to Bay Ridge Avenue, Brooklyn, thence 1,750 feet wide to the junction of Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels, thence 1,200 feet wide through Red Hook Channel to the junction with Buttermilk Chan- nel and a channel of the same depth extending into Gowanus Bay 104 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 from the junction of Bay Ridge Channel with Red Hook Channel, narrowing uniformly in width to about 500 feet at Twenty-eighth Street, Brooklyn. Length of section included in the project, 4 miles. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work, for the completed project, was $4,277,- 196, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $230,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Channel 40 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide.....----------- H. Doc. 337, 54th Cong., 2d sess. (Annual Report, 1897, p.:1177.) Mar. 2,1907 Dredging to obtain, first, a depth of 35 feet, subse- quently increasing depth to 40 feet for full width. July 3, 1930 Widening of Bay Ridge Channel to 1,750 feet-.. __-_- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 44, 71st Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published map.) Terminal facilities. There are 53 terminals with a total avail- able berthage of 72,819 feet and 8,232 feet of bulkheads and wharves available for dockage. Twenty-four of the terminals have mechanical handling devices and 20 have railroad connec- tions. In addition, there are 6 railroad float bridges and 2 idle ferry slips. Of the terminals, 1 is state-owned, 2 are Govern- ment-owned, 13 are owned by the city of New York, and 1 is open to public use. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed intermittently from Feb- ruary 23, 1954, to May 19, 1954, to restore sections of Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels to partial project depth of 35 feet. During the fiscal year 1,265,400 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $294,327 for maintenance, including the cost of surveys and engineering preliminary to dredging. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports was $2,120 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $296,447 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced March 1901 and completed June 1940. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels in- cluded in the project are as follows: Section Depth Width Date survey (feet) (feet) In Bay Ridge Channel from Narrows to Bay Ridge Ave., 37 1, 200-700 January-February 1954. Brooklyn. From Bay Ridge Ave. to 45th St. (Pier 4).... ---------------- 35 1, 200-750 January-June 1954. 1, 200 Branch in Gowanus Bay --........................... . 30 600-230 March 1954. Red Hook Channel- ..----................. ........ 37 1, 100-500 March 1952. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 105 The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $8,845,219-$4,212,637 regular funds and $64,560 Public Works funds, a total of $4,277,197 for new work and $4,568,022 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated --------- $5, 523, 297 $--------- Cost-------- ---------------------------------------------------------- 5, 523, 297 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... $8, 000 -$2, 039 $184, 055 $122, 200 $291, 098 4,571, 998 Cost....----------...... 5,961 055 ..--------.184, 875 112, 447 296, 4, 568, 022 1Includes $1,246,100 for new work for previous projects. 12. GOWANUS CREEK CHANNEL, N. Y. Location. Gowanus Creek is a small tidal inlet extending about 11/2 miles from the north end of Bay Ridge Channel. The channel is shown on United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369;-the entrance is shown on Jhart No. 541. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881 (under title of Gowanus Bay), August 11, 1888, September 19, 1890, and June 3, 1896. For further details, see Annual Report for 1915, page 1769, and Annual Report for 1938, page 198. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water, 500 to 200 feet wide, from 28th Street to Percival Street, thence with the same depth for a distance of about 500 feet to the vicinity of Sigourney Street and narrowing to a width of 100 feet, thence 18 feet deep and suitably widened to provide, a width of 200 to 100 feet from Percival Street to the Hamilton Avenue Bridge, and a branch channel 30 feet deep and 150 feet wide in the lower 1,000 feet of Henry Street Basin. Length of section included in the project, about 0.8 mile. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctua- tions due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project is $271,831, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1881 Dredging 18-foot channel ----------------------- Annual Report 1896, p. 155. July 16. 1952 Dredging 30-foot channel and branch channel-....... H. Doc. 318, 82d Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 16, 1952, provides that local interests shall: a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, ease- 106 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ments, and rights-of-way for the construction and maintenance of the project, when and as required. b. Deepen the approaches and berths at the ship terminals in order to secure the full advantages of the deeper channels. c. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and also subject to the condition that no dredg- ing shall be done by the Federal Government within 50 feet of any wharf or structure unless a waiver of damage is signed by all parties having an interest in such wharf or structure or by the port authority or other financially competent agency. Assurances of compliance with the above conditions were accepted by the Secre- tary of the Army on February 18, 1954. Terminal facilities. There are 84 piers and bulkheads along this waterway and Gowanus Canal, 3 of which, including a large grain elevator, are owned and operated by the Port of New York Author- ity as a grain terminal; 9 are owned by the city of New York; 15 are owned and operated by 2 shipyards; and the remainder are privately owned and operated. The total available berthage is about 44,529 feet. The terminals occupy practically the whole of the waterfront. Ten have rail connections, and 38 are equipped with mechanical handling devices. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 30 feet from the entrance to Sigourney Street and also in a section 150 feet wide in the lower 1,000 feet of Henry Street Basin, work was commenced March 3, 1954, and completed April 20, 1954. During this period 179,831 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $201,831 including the cost of engineering and design, for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced July 1881 and completed April 1954. When examined in March and April 1954, the controlling mean low water depth was 30 feet for widths varying from 500 to 200 feet from the entrance to Percival Street, thence 30 feet for widths varying from 200 to 100 feet to Sigourney Street. The next reach from Sigourney Street to the Hamilton Avenue Bridge was last examined in June 1952, and found to be 18 feet deep for a width varying from 200 to 50 feet except at its extreme northern corner near the bridge where it shoals to 8 feet. The controlling depth in the Henry Street Basin was found in April 1954, to be 30 feet for a width of 150 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $345,462-$271,831 for new work and $73,631 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- I ing fiscal year 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated - --------- - ------------ --- $201, 831 $346, 831 Cost - -- --- --- 201, 831 346, 831 Maintenance: Appropriated_ $1, 763 $1,292 $455 ---------- -------------- 73, 631 Cost -- . 1, 763 1,292 455 ---------- -------------- - 73,631 1Includes $75,000 for new work for previous projects. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 107 13. EAST RIVER, N. Y. Location. This is a tidal strait about 16 miles long and 600 to 4,000 feet wide, connecting Hudson River and the Upper Bay at the Battery, New York City, with Long Island Sound at Throgs Neck, New York City, and separating Long Island from Manhat- tan Island and the mainland. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts Nos. 223, 226, and 745.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 30, 1852, July 25, 1868, March 3, 1899, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 210, Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for channels of the following dimensions (depths refer to mean low water) : From deep water in the Upper New York Bay to Wallabout Channel, 40 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide; from Wallabout Channel to Throgs Neck, 35 feet deep, with widths varying from about 550 to 1,000 feet, ac- cording to locality; east of Welfare (Blackwells) Island up to English Place (43d Dr.), Long Island City, 30 feet deep and vary- ing in width from 500 to 900 feet, with widening in the approach from the main channel; between South Brother and Berrian Is- lands, 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with widening in the ap- proach from the main channel; for the removal of Coenties Reef to a depth of 40 feet, also the removal of the following rocks and reefs lying outside of the limiting lines of the main channel to give access to wharves: Along the Brooklyn shore, Brooklyn Bridge to Manhattan Bridge (Fulton Ferry Reef), to a depth of 25 feet; Jay Street Reef, 25 feet; Corlears Reef, 35 feet; Shell Reef, 25 feet; Horns Hook, 40 feet; Rhinelander Reef, 26 feet; and reef off Oak Point, 30 feet; and for the construction of a dike in Pot Cove in Hell Gate. The length of the section included in the improvement is about 16.5 miles. The mean range of tide varies according to locality from 4 feet at North Third Street, Brooklyn, and 4.4 feet at the Battery to 4.9 feet at Hallets Point, 6.3 feet at Port Morris, and 7.1 feet at the eastern entrance at Throgs Neck; mean range of spring tides 4.8, 5.3, 5.9, 7.6, and 8.5 feet, respectively; irregu- lar fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary accord- ing to locality from 3.8 feet below mean low water at the Battery, 2.4 feet at North Third Street, Brooklyn, and 3.8 feet at Throgs Neck up to about 5.2 feet above mean high water at the Battery and 8.4 feet above mean high water at Throgs Neck; extreme fluctuations do not seriously affect navigation. The cost for new work for the completed project, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, was $23,849,719. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 108 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents I _ Mar. 3, 19151 Removal of Coenties Reef to 35 feet, conditioned H. Doc. 188, 63d Cong., 1st sess. upon local interests increasing depth to 40 feet. July 27,1916 Channel across Diamond Reef 35 feet deep and 1,000 Do. feet wide. Aug. 8,1917 Channel east of Blackwells Island to 20 feet; channel Do. between South Brother and Berrian Islands, to 20 feet; channel between North and South Brother Islands to 26 feet. Do....... Channel 40 feet deep through East River and Hell H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Gate. July 18,1918 Secure a depth of 40 feet in channel through East Specified in act. River and Hell Gate as soon as practicable. Sept. 22, 1922 Depth limited to 35 feet in the through channel be- Rivers and Harbors Committee between Wallabout Channel and Throgs Neck. Doc. 3, 67th Cong., 2d sess., Channel east of Blackwells Island, 30 feet to Eng- (Contains latest published map.) lish Place and eliminated 20-foot channel north of English Place. Eliminated channel between North and South Brother Islands except as authorized prior to existing project. Removal of certain rocks and reefs and construction of dike in Pot Cove, Hell Gate. 1Pub. Res. 67, 63d Cong., 3d sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 214 terminals with a total avail- able berthage of 121,150 feet, along both shores of the East River from the Battery to Clason Point. In addition, there are 10 ferry slips and 20 carfloat bridges. Of the terminals, 99 are publicly owned, 84 are equipped with mechanical-handling devices, and 43 have railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for present needs. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel in the vicinity of Cor- lears Reef was $1,325 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced June 1916 and was substantially completed September 1935. The controlling mean low water depths of the various channels, as determined by intermittent surveys made during the period 1910 to 1954, are as follows: Section Depth Width (feet) (feet) From Upper Bay to Wallabout Chamel. _______......... -. .--- 40 950-1, 000 Corlears Reef -----------------..............................---------------- 29 From Wallabout Channel through west channel at Welfare (Blackwells) Island 35 550-1, 000 and Hell Gate to Throgs Neck at Long Island Sound. East Channel at Welfare (Blackwells) Island: From Newtown Creek to English Place (43d Dr.) Long Island City From English Place to deep water off north end of Welfare Island ..-....... --------- 1 30 24 Between South Brother and Berrian Islands_...................__._____ ____ 20 300 Coenties Reef...........---- ------------------------------------- 40 Fulton Ferry Reef---- ------------------------.... ----- 25 Jay Street Reef-.... .. .. ----------- ------------- 20 Shell Reef........ ---------------------------- 25 Horns Hook Reef . . .----------.------------------.---------------------- 40 Rhinelander Reef-- ----------------- --------------- 26 Reef off Oak Point - .-------.-------. .------------------- ------------ 30 1Except for scattered shoals in the vicinity of Belmont Island with least depth of 25.5 feet. The removal of a small shoal area along the east side of the 35- foot channel between Grand Street and North Third Street, Brook- RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 109 lyn, the construction of the dike at Pot Cove in Hell Gate, a part of the widening near the pierhead line in Jay Street Reef, and North Third Street, Brooklyn, were omitted as unnecessary, the work completed being considered sufficient for the needs of navi- gation. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $24,746,965-$1,743,265 Public Works funds and $22,106,454 regular funds, a total of $23,849,719 for new work and $897,246 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated......-------- ----------------------------------------------- $30, 037, 413 -- -- ---- ---------------- ---------------------- Cost..............----------------- 30, 037, 413 Maintenance: Appropriated-....... $5, 900 $1, 229 $14, 000 $55, 180 934, 911 Cost----------------- 5, 900 1, 229 8, 580 59, 274 $1, 325 934,910 1Includes $6,187,694 for new work and $37,664 for maintenance for previous projects. 14. HARLEM RIVER, N. Y. Location. Harlem River and Spuyten Duyvil Creek, both in- cluded in the project for the improvement of Harlem River, are two connecting tidal waterways, of a joint length of about 8 miles, lying wholly within the limits of Greater New York and separating Manhattan Island from the mainland. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 274.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1874. For further details, see Annual Report for 1915, page 1762, and Annual Report for 1938, page 210. Existing project. This provides for a continuous channel 15 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide from East River to Hudson River, except in the vicinity of Washington IBridge, where the adopted width is 354 feet, and at the rock cut through Dyck- mans Meadow, where it is 350 feet and the depth is 18 feet. It also provides for straightening the channel at Johnson Iron Works by making a cut 15 feet deep and 400 feet wide. The length of channel included in the project is about 8 miles. The main tidal range varies, according to locality, from 4.9 feet at Willis Avenue Bridge to 3.8 feet at Spuyten Duyvil Bridge, range of spring tides, 5.9 and 4.5 feet, respectively. Irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.8 feet below mean low water up to 4.7 feet above mean high water at Willis Avenue Bridge and from 3.7 feet below mean low water up to 4.9 feet above mean high water at Spuyten Duyvil Bridge. The cost for new work, for the completed project, was $3,595,- 119, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The lat- est (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 110 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents June 18, 1878 Channel 15 feet deep and 350 feet wide_ - H. Ex. Doc. No. 75, Pt. 9, 43d Cong., 2d sess. (Annual Re- port, 1875, pt. 2, p. 224.) Chief of Engineers authorized widening to 400 feet Annual Report, 1886, p. 674. throughout except at Dyckmans Cut, where width was kept at 350 feet and depth increased to 18 feet. Chief of Engineers in 1893 reduced width of channel Annual Report, 1912, p. 198. in vicinity of Washington Bridge to 354 feet. Mar. 4, 1913 Straightening channel at Johnson Iron Works H. Doc. No. 557, 62d Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The length of the waterfront along both shores of the Harlem River is about 16 miles, of which 4 miles are unavailable for commercial use. There are 52 terminals with a total available berthage of 17,865 feet. Thirty of the terminals are owned by the city of New York. Twenty-four of the terminals are equipped with mechanical handling devices and 13 have rail- road connections. In addition, there are 5 railroad float bridges. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for present needs. Operation and results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $978 for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced January 1888, and was substantially com- pleted May 1938. Remaining widening to be done in the section above High Bridge is prohibited by the proximity of bulkheads to the channel line. The present width is considered adequate for navigation. No further improvement is contemplated under the project. A channel 15 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide has been excavated from East River to High Bridge, thence 15 feet deep and 350 to 400 feet wide to the Hudson River. The rock cut through Dyckmans Meadow was completed to 18-foot depth and 350-foot width in 1896. The straightening of the chan- nel at Johnson Iron Works was completed to 15-foot depth and 400- foot width in 1938. The controlling depth from East River to Hudson River, as shown by examination made in December 1949 and June 1954 was 13 feet at mean low water through a navigable channel varying from 150 to 400 feet in width, except for a shoal in the vicinity of Little Hell Gate having a minimum depth of 14 feet and scattered shoals between Sherman Creek and Broadway Bridge having a minimum depth of 10 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $3,867,676-$3,595,119 for new work and $272,557 for mainte- nance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 111 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated _ -- _ _ $3, 616, 119 C ost.... - - - - -. ... ... ...--. .. . .. . 3,616,119 Maintenance: Appropriated_ $4, 800 $2, 316 $942 $2, 000 273, 579 Cost -------- - 4, 800 987 $387 978 272, 557 1 Includes $21,000 for new work for previous projects. 15. HUDSON RIVER CHANNEL, NEW YORK HARBOR Location. Hudson River empties into the Upper Bay of New York Harbor at the Battery, New York City. The section included under this title extends from deep water in upper New York Bay to just north of Harlem River (Spuyten Duyvil Creek), a distance of about 14.5 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 274, 745, and 746.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1875, June 6, 1900, and March 3, 1905. For further de- tails, see Annual Report for 1915, page 1765, and Annual Report for 1938, page 213. Existing project. This provides for a channel 48 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide, suitably widened at the bends, from West 59th Street, Manhattan, to West 40th Street, thence 45 feet deep of the same width to deep water in Upper Bay; for a channel 40 feet deep for the full width of the river extending from the north line of 59th Street to the south side of Little Basin, and thence a chan- nel of the same depth to deep water in the Upper New York Bay off Ellis Island, substantially as shown on maps in House Docu- ment 309, 72d Congress, 1st session, subject to the provision that no dredging shall be done under the project within 50 feet of the pierhead lines; a channel 750 feet wide and 30 feet deep along the Weehawken-Edgewater water front; the removal of a shoal on the New York side between West 59th and West 61st Streets to a depth of 40 feet; and the removal of an obstruction north of the mouth of Spuyten Duyvil Creek to the depth of the surrounding river bottom. The length of channel included in the project is about 11 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. Mean tidal range at the Battery, 4.4 feet, and at West 129th Street, 4.1; mean range of spring tides, 5.3 feet and 4.9 feet, respectively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.8 feet below mean low water at the Battery up to 5.2 feet above 112 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 mean high water and at West 129th Street from 3.6 feet below mean low water up to 5.3 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $6,702,240, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $390,- 000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents i Mar. 4,1913 Channel 30 feet deep from Ellis Island to Newark St., H. Doc. 719, 62d Cong., 2d sess. 40 feet deep through the shoal from Newark St. to Castle Point and channel 26 feet deep and 550 feet wide along Weehawken-Edgewater waterfront. Removal of shoal east side of river between West 19th and West 32d Sts.; removal of rock near the Battery to 40 feet, and removal of obstruction near Spuyten Duyvil Creek. Mar. 4,1915 Additional dredging through shoal from Newark St. Annual Report, 1914, pp. 234-235. to Castle Point. Aug. 8,1917 Removal of shoal between West 32d and West 61st H. Doc. 1697, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Sts. to 40 feet and widening the 40-foot channel be- tween the Battery and Canal St. to 2,000 feet. Mar. 3,1925 Channel 30 feet deep and 750 feet wide along Wee- H. Doec. 313, 68th Cong., 1st sess. hawken-Edgewater waterfront. Jan. 21,1927 Modification of conditions of local cooperation affect- ing channel along Weehawken-Edgewater water- front. July 3,1930 Channel 40 feet deep between pierhead lines from 20th H. D)oc. 450, 70th Cong., 2d sess.' St., Manhattan, to a point 1,300 feet below Newark St., Hoboken, thence 2,800 feet wide to deep water off Ellis Island. Channel 30 feet deep between 40- foot channel and channel along Jersey City water- front. Aug. 30. 19352 Widening the 40-foot channel to full width of river H. D)oc. 309, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' from north line of 59th St. to south side of Little Basin, thence a channel of same depth to deep water off Ellis Island. Do .. .. Waiver of all conditions of local cooperation affecting Rivers and Harbors Committee the channel along the Weehawken-Edgewater Doc. 49, 72d Cong., 2d sess. waterfront. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 45 and 48 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide....... Senate committee 1 print, 75th Cong., 1st sess. I Contain latest published maps. 2 Also Public Works Administration Sept. 6, 1933, and Apr. 27, 1935. Terminal facilities. The length of waterfront included in the project for improvement, measured along both shores of the river, is 32 miles; of this length, 7 miles of the Manhattan water- front and 10 miles of the New Jersey waterfront have been de- veloped for commercial use. Along the Manhattan waterfront, there are 101 terminals with a total available berthage of 126,826 feet, 19 ferry slips, and 8 car-float bridges. Along the Jersey waterfront there are 147 terminals having a total available berthage of 166,282 feet, and 19 ferry slips, 31 car-float bridges, and 2 large shipyards with 6 floating drydocks. Of the terminals, 109 are publicly owned, 159 are equipped with mechanical handling devices, and 135 have railroad connections. The facilities are ade- quate for present requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed intermittently from August 24, 1953, to January 4, 1954, in dredging to restore the channel along the Weehawken-Edgewater waterfront to a depth of 30 feet. During the fiscal year, 1,081,500 cubic yards, place measure- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 113 ment, of material were removed at a cost of $196,208 including en- gineering preliminary to dredging for maintenance. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was also employed intermittently from January 5, 1954, to May 20, 1954, in dredging to restore the 48 foot project channel to its authorized dimensions. During the fiscal year, 427,600 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $128,704 including engineering preliminary to dredging, for maintenance. The cost of a condition survey, studies, and miscellaneous in- spections and reports was $21,147 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $346,059 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced April 1913 and was completed in September 1952. The work of widening and deepening Weehawken-Edge- water Channel to project dimensions was completed in August 1937. The work of widening the 40-foot channel for the full width of the river from Ellis Island to West 59th Street, Manhat- tan, was completed in March 1939. The work of widening the 48- foot project to full project width of 2,000 feet from West 40th Street to West 59th Street was completed in November 1950. Deepening of the 45-foot channel for a width of 2,000 feet from Upper Bay to West 40th Street was completed to project dimen- sions in September 1952. The controlling mean low water depths of the sections included in the project are as follows: Section Depth (feet) Width (feet) Date 40-foot channel: From Ellis Island to W. 59th St--....---------------- 40 3,100-2, 200 April-June 1953. 45-foot channel: From Ellis Island to W. 40th St..----------------- 45 2, 000-1, 700 Do. 48-foot channel: From W. 40th St. to West 59th St---------------- 48 1, 800-1, 500 June 1954. Weehawken-Edgewater channel: From W. 59th St. to opposite Valvoline oil dock.. 30 250-750 August 1951-June 1954. From opposite Valvoline oil dock to W. 156 St., 27 300-750 November 1952-June Manhattan. 1954. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $11,374,058-$668,820 Public Works funds, and $6,033,420 regular funds-a total of $6,702,240 for new work and $4,671,818 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated ...-------- $400, 000 $300, 000 $250, 000 -$75, 383 -- $6, 771, 870 Cost__ __________ __ Maintenance: 336, 453 362, 551 171, 516 4, 097 ------------ 6, 771, 870 Appropriated-------- 340, 000 158, 677 290, 000 225, 991 $339, 198 4, 676, 763 Cost--.......------.......--------.. 320, 599 174, 286 84, 364 424, 794 346, 059 4, 671, 817 1Includes $69,629 for new work for previous project. 114 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 16. RONDOUT HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor comprises the tidal mouth, about 1.8 miles in length, of Rondout Creek, whose source is about 18 miles west of Rondout. The creek empties into the Hudson River from the west, about 89 miles north of the Battery, New York City, and 55 miles south of Albany. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 283.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide, widening at the bends, and 14 feet deep from deep water in Hudson River to the highway bridge, 1.3 miles above the mouth, thence 12 feet deep to the west end of Island dock, 1.8 miles above the mouth, two parallel dikes 350 feet apart, to maintain the channel, and for a branch dike to extend upstream from the outer end of the north dike to protect that dike from running ice in Hudson River. Mean tidal range, 3.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 4.2 feet; extreme range, 8.2 feet; irregular fluctuations due to freshets vary from 2 feet below mean low water up to 2.5 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $123,109. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $11,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 10,1872 Parallel dikes, branch dike, and entrance channel, S. Ex. Doc. 35, 42d Cong., 2d sess. 14 feet deep. Annual Report, 1872, p. 810. Aug. 30, 1935 Extension of the 14-foot channel and for the 12-foot Rivers and Harbors Committee channel. Doc. 17, 73d Cong., 2d sess. (Con- tains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 17 timber wharves with a total available dockage of 12,132 feet located along the waterway. Four of the terminals are equipped with transfer facilities; all are privately owned. The existing terminals appear to be adequate for present needs of commerce. (For latest full description of terminal facilities, see Port and Terminal Facilities at the Ports on the Upper Hudson River, 1941, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $2,619 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced April 1873 and substantially completed November 1938. Part of the diking originally proposed was not built because it was deemed of doubtful usefulness. Two paral- lel dikes of an aggregate length of about 5,000 feet, generally 350 feet apart, with a now obsolete spur from the old lighthouse south of the south dike, have been built across the bar at the mouth of the creek. A branch dike about 1,000 feet long, extend- ing northerly from the outer end of the north dike, was also RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 115 constructed. The project channel was completed in 1938. When examined in July 1953, the controlling depth at mean low water, from the Hudson River to the highway bridge, was 14 feet for a width varying from 60 to 100 feet, thence 10 feet for a width varying from 75 to 100 feet to the head of the project. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $335,262-$123,109 for new work and $212,153 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 J 1954 ing fiscal years prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - ------------- ------- ---------- ------------ $123, 109 Cost-...--------- - --------------- ----------- -- ------- 123,109 Maintenance: Appropriated -------------- - -$800 $6, 120 - 213, 112 Cost ..-------------------------------------- 520 2,822 $2,619 212,153 17. HUDSON RIVER, N. Y. Location. . This river has its source in the Adirondack Moun- tains, about 250 miles in a direct line and 315 miles along its course from the Battery, New York City, and flows in a generally southerly direction into New York Bay. The section under im- provement extends from New York City to Waterford, a distance of about 156 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 282 to 284, inclusive.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement by the United States was adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1834, and modified in 1852 and 1866. A second project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, and modified in 1899. For further details, see page 1764, Annual Report for 1915, and page 226, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide up to Hudson; thence of same depth and 400 feet wide through rock cuts and 300 feet wide elsewhere, from Hudson to the site of the former Albany-Green- bush Bridge at Albany; thence 14 feet deep at lowest low water and generally 400 feet wide to the Federal lock at Troy; and thence of same depth and 200 feet wide to the southern limit of the State barge canal at Waterford; with widening at bends and in front of the cities of Troy and Albany to form harbors 12 feet deep at lowest low water; and removal of State dam at Troy and the construction of a lock and dam about 21/2 miles below Water- ford. The channel is to be formed by dredging and rock excavation, and to be maintained by dredging and by constructing new, and raising and repairing old, longitudinal dikes, built partly under previous projects and partly by the State of New York. The mean range of pool elevation above the Federal dam at Troy, in seasons of moderate rains, is about 2.2 feet, as determined in 1934. The mean tidal range is about 4.7 feet at the Federal dam at Troy and about 4.6 feet at Albany, extreme range due to freshets is 33.4 and 25.7, feet, respectively. 116 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The normal pool level above the Federal dam from Troy to Waterford is 14.33 feet above mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. In the tidal section of the river below the dam the assumed lowest low water plane from Troy to Albany is 3 feet below mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. The following table contains information concerning the vari- ous features of the lock and dam included in the existing project: Location: Below Waterford................................... miles ........----------------------------------- 2 .2 Above Battery, New York City ---------.....--------..---------........ do----- 153.8 Locks: Clear width........................................ feet ........------------------------------------ 44.44 Greatest length available for full width...--------------....----............. do 492 .5 Lift at lowest stages......................... ....---------------------------- do 17.3 Depth on miter sills: Upper (at normal pool level) ..... do ........ 16 .3 Lower (at lowest low water) -................. do----- 13.0 Character of foundation: Rock. Kind of dam: Fixed. Type of construction: Concrete. Completed: 1917. Cost: $1,463,014. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $17,680,- 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $381,300, including $65,300 for operation and care of the lock and dam. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' June 25, 1910 Channel 12 feet deep from Hudson to Waterford, re- H. Doc. 719, 61st Cong., 2d sess. moval of State lock and dam at Troy and construc- tion of a new lock and dam. Mar. 3,1925 Channel 27 feet deep from Hudson to Albany........ H. Doc. 350, 68th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Channel 27 feet deep below Hudson--------------................. H. Doec. 210, 70th Cong., 1st sess. (2) Operation and care of lock and dam at Troy were in- s cluded in project July 1, 1935. Aug. 30, 1935 Relocation of the 12-foot channel between Troy and S. Doc. 155, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Waterford. June 20,1938 Deepening channel between Albany and Waterford H. Doc. 572, 75th Cong., 3d sess. to 14 feet, with no change in depths for harbors in front of Albany and Troy. 1 These documents contain latest published maps. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. 3 PWA, Sept. 6, 1933. Recommended modification of project. Under date of January 23, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for a channel 600 feet wide from New York City to Kingston and thence 400 feet wide to Albany, with widening at the bends, a turning basin 700 feet wide and 1200 feet long at Albany, and two anchorages, one near Hudson and one near Stuyvesant, each with a width of 400 feet and an average length of 2400 feet; all with depths of 32 feet in soft material and 34 feet in rock; at an estimated cost to the United States of $30,700,000 for new work and $170,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required; subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 117 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The piers and other terminal or transfer facilities served by the improvement are as follows: Between Waterford and the Federal dam at Troy there are 14 wharves aggregating approximately 5,000 feet in length. The State of New York has constructed a barge-canal terminal at Cohoes. There is a dock 325 feet long on the west side of the river just north of the Federal dam. At Troy there are nine terminals with available dockage of 2,383 feet, including the State barge-canal terminal with 960 feet. In addition, 11/4 miles of concrete bulkhead were constructed along the waterfront by the city of Troy. At Watervliet there is a stone bulkhead 755 feet long. Between this point and Albany there are 5 timber wharves aggregating 4,275 feet in length. At Albany, and Rensselaer on the east side of the river, there are 30 terminals aggregating 18,661 feet of available berthage, including a city-owned recreation pier of 900 feet and the State barge-canal terminal with 1,586 feet located on the west side of the river. These terminals are adequately served with railroad trackage. There are 5 transit sheds, 1 warehouse, a 13,500,000- bushel grain elevator, and a molasses-storage plant, all provided by the Albany Port District Commission. Between Albany and Hudson there are about 100 timber wharves aggregating 36,700 feet in length; at Hudson there are 12 timber wharves aggregating 5,000 feet in length; at Athens there are 9 timber wharves aggregating 4,000 feet in length. Between Hudson and the upper limits of New York City the entire waterfronts of Poughkeepsie, Newburgh, and Yonkers are equipped with transfer facilities. At Poughkeepsie there are 14 terminals with available dockage of 7,823 feet, including a city- owned pier of 270 feet. At Newburgh there are 17 terminals with a total dockage of 8,431 feet, of which 1 with 90 feet of dockage is open to the public. At Yonkers there are 28 terminals with dockage of 10,659 feet, of which 531 feet are for public use. The existing wharves are ample for Hudson River traffic. (For latest full description of terminal facilities, see Port and Termi- nal Facilities at the Ports on the Upper Hudson River, 1941, and Port and Terminal Facilities at the Port of New York, 1942, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore the channel between North Germantown Landing and Silver Point to project depths of 27 to 28 feet, work was commenced April 16, 1954, and completed June 2, 1954. During the fiscal year 182,850 cubic yards, place measurement, were removed at a cost of $132,224, including engineering pre- liminary to dredging, for maintenance. By use of Government plant and hired labor, brush and small trees growing on 20,651 linear feet of dikes between Troy and Hudson were sprayed and 55,549 linear feet of dikes were cleared of dead brush and trees during the period July 1 to November 18, 1953. 27,527 linear feet of dikes were resprayed to kill regrowth during the period of June 3 to 30, 1954, at a total cost of $12,291 for maintenance. 118 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 By use of Government plant and hired labor, stumps and snags which formed a potential menace to navigation and other ob- structions were removed from the shores and channel of the river during the fiscal year at a cost of $8,234 for maintenance. The costs of condition surveys, tidal observations, miscellane- ous inspections and reports, were $35,880 for maintenance. The lock and dam in the Hudson River at Troy, N.Y., was op- erated and cared for during the fiscal year. Operation of the lock for the 1953 navigation season was suspended December 9, 1953, and resumed March 30, 1954, for the 1954 season. Under a con- tract for painting the lower miter gates, work commenced Feb- ruary 3, 1954, and was completed March 10, 1954. Under con- tract for repairs to the powerhouse and lockmaster's cottage, work commenced April 27, 1954, and was under way at the end of the fiscal year. By use of Government plant and hired labor, numerous repairs and activities preparatory to operation of the lock and dam as well as repairs to the buildings, utilities, and equipment were performed. The cost of all this work was $113,- 890 for operation and care of lock and dam at Troy, N. Y. The total cost of work was $302,519-$188,629 for maintenance and $113,890 for operation and care of lock and dam at Troy, N. Y. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced July 1910 and is about 96 percent complete. The construction of new lock and dam at Troy, removal of old dam at Troy, and construction of 15,545 linear feet of new dikes have been completed. In the reconstruction of old dikes, 39,672 linear feet have been raised to the adopted crest height. The channel from Albany to Waterford has been completed to a depth of 14 feet, with the exception of a small part of the widening to form a harbor at Troy, which work is not deemed necessary for the present. The work of deepening the channel south of Albany to 27 feet mean low water has been completed with the exception of about 1,500 linear feet at the northern end. The controlling mean low water depth from New York City to Hudson, N. Y., is 27 feet for a width varying from 300 to 400 feet, thence 27 feet for a width varying from 150 to 450 feet to about 4,700 feet below the Dunn Memorial Bridge, thence 15 feet for a width varying from 150 to 400 feet to the Dunn Memorial Bridge. The controlling lowest low water depth from Albany to the lock and dam at Troy is 14.0 feet for a width varying from 400 feet at Albany to 145 feet near the south entrance to the lock at Troy. At the lock entrance it is 14 feet deep for a width of 45 feet. Controlling depth over the lock sills is 13.0 feet at the lower sill. The controlling pool level depth above the lock at Troy to Waterford, the head of the improvement, is 14 feet for a width of about 200 feet. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of completing the widening to form a harbor 12 feet deep in front of Troy, the construction and reconstruction of dikes, and deepening the northerly 1,500 feet of the 27-foot channel from RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 119 New York City to the site of the former Albany-Greenbush Bridge. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: _ New work Maintenance Oand perating Total care Regular funds .... $15,577,938 $5, 370, 796 $1,938, 039 $22, 886, 773 Public works funds_ 238, 350 238, 350 Emergency Relief funds_ 311, 461 311, 461 Total_ 16, 127, 749 5, 370, 796 1,938, 039 23, 436, 584 In addition, the sum of $454,273 was expended between August 18, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the work of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New weork: Api propriated $19, 300---------- -- $18, 366 -----------.-- - $21, 240, 342 2 Cost------- ---------- 934 ....- -.... .. .-................... 21, 240, 342 2 Maintenance: ApIpropriated ..- -- 1, 073, 500 -$210, 292 449, 368 $207, 189 $344, 431 27, 720, 917 T ---- Cos t............. 448, 428 346, 652 512, 480 204, 967 302, 519 27, 655, 632 2 Includes $5,112,594 for new work and $346,797 for maintenance for previous projects. Includes O. & C. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project...____ ................... ...................... $1,552,000 18. GREAT LAKES TO HUDSON RIVER WATERWAY-- ENLARGEMENT OF NEW YORK STATE BARGE CANAL Location. This waterway consists of that portion of the New York State Barge Canal system extending from the Hudson River at Waterford to Oswego Harbor on Lake Ontario. (See U. S. Lake Survey Charts Nos. 182, 183, 184, and 185.) Existing project. This provides for the allotment of Federal funds to the State of New York for expenditure under suitable Federal control and supervision in the improvement of the canal connecting Lake Ontario with the Hudson River. The improve- ment provides for a depth of 13 feet below normal pool level through all locks between Waterford and Oswego, deepening be- tween locks to 14 feet below normal pool levels, widening at bends and elsewhere, and increasing the overhead clearance to 20 feet at maximum navigable stage at bridges and other overhead struc- tures. The widths of channel to be provided under the project are 104 feet in earth cuts, 120 feet in rock cuts, 200 feet in river sec- tions, with widening at bends and elsewhere as may be necessary. The length of the waterway included in this project is about 184 miles, of which 160 miles are in the Erie Canal from Waterford to 120 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Three Rivers Point and 24 miles are in the Oswego Canal from Three Rivers Point to Oswego. The estimated cost for new work, made in 1954, is $32,800,000, of which not more than $27,000,000 shall be expended on deepen- ing between locks and raising of bridges and other overhead clear- ances as contained in River and Harbor Committee Doc. 20, 73d Congress, 2d session. No estimate of maintenance with Federal funds is included, as maintenance of the canal is not a part of the Federal project. Acts Work authorized Documents May 28, 19351 Deepening between the locks to 14 feet, increasing Rivers and Harbors Committee, Aug. 30, 1935 overhead clearances to 20 feet and widening at Doc. 20, 73d Cong., 2d sess.' bends and elsewhere. 2 Mar. 2,1945 Depth of 13 feet below normal pool level through all S. Doc. 252, 79th Cong., 2d sess. locks between Waterford and Oswego. 1 Emergency Relief Act of 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, authorized the deepening of the locks subject to the condition than an agreement be entered into between the United States and the State of New York embodying certain limitations and provi- sions to safeguard the interests of general commerce and naviga- tion, insure Federal control of the disposition of Federal funds, and provide for Federal supervision of the work performed. A supplemental agreement dated June 5, 1947, containing all provi- sions necessary for efficient prosecution of the improvement, was entered into by the Chief of Engineers and the Department of Public Works, State of New York. The requirements under the prior acts have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The State of New York has provided ter- minal and transfer facilities at all important points along the Erie and Oswego Canals, and at Buffalo, Troy, Albany, and New York Harbor. The freight-handling equipment, as well as the storage and dock facilities, is governed by the requirements of the particu- lar locality. The State-owned terminal at Oswego is equipped with a grain elevator of 1,000,000 bushels' capacity. The Albany Port District Commission has erected a grain elevator of 13,500,- 000 bushels' capacity at Albany. The Port of New York Authority grain terminal in New York Harbor on Gowanus Bay has a capacity of approximately 1,800,000 bushels. Terminals at Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Schenectady, Troy, Albany, and Oswego are provided with direct railroad connections. All State-owned terminals are open to the public on equal terms. Lakeport terminals are extensive in character. The available terminals appear ample to meet all requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of engi- neering studies for lowering sills at various locations between Waterford and Oswego, N. Y., and inspection of work under con- tract at Lock 7, Erie Canal, was $1,506 for new work. Final costs have not been reported for work completed during RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 121 the fiscal year under contract for lowering sills at Lock 7, Erie Canal. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing project was commenced in September 1935 and is about 79 percent com- plete. The status of the channel deepening and widening is as follows: Distance (miles) Work remaining to From- To- Com- be done pleted to project Work in Future depth progress work Hudson River-----_ -------------- Guard gate 2 at Waterford 2. 6 _--------- 0. 2 Guard gate 2 at Waterford ........ ---- _ - Lock 10 at Cranesville.... 32. 2 Lock 10 at Cranesville ------------- _ ... Lock 16 at Mindenville------__ 36. 1 - - Lock 16 at Mindenville_ __- ...... Guard gate 5 at Herkimer...------- 15. 5 __ .7 Guard gate 5 at Herkimer_ Oswego Harbor __ 96. 7 - Total (184 miles) . -. ... .. . . . . .. .. . .. . 183. 1 -_ .. .9 Thirty-five barge canal bridges have been raised and one length- ened to project clearance with Federal funds under this improve- ment. Project vertical clearance has been provided at two addi- tional bridges with Federal funds by construction of additional spillway capacity at Herkimer, N. Y. Three additional bridges were raised, 4 were removed and two were removed and replaced by new structures at project clearance; all by other agencies. The present depth is 14 feet at normal pool levels for the follow- ing width; 75 feet in earth cuts, 94 in rock cuts, and 200 feet in canalized rivers and lakes. The 29 locks, 22 in Erie Canal east of Three Rivers Point, and 7 in Oswego Canal, north of Three Rivers Point, have a clear width of 43.5 feet, usable length of 300 feet, and depth over miter sills of 12 feet. Numerous fixed bridges, trans- mission lines, and other structures span the waterways. There are 68 bridges between Waterford and Three Rivers Point and 13 between Three Rivers Point and Oswego. The minimum clear- ance under existing bridges and other overhead structures is 14.66 feet above maximum navigable stage. Work of lowering lock sills to project depth is being prosecuted by the State of New York in conjunction with contracts for neces- sary maintenance of lock structures. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of widening and deepening the channel by excavation, including the removal of ledge rock and work incidental thereto, for a total distance of 0.9 mile, as described in the above table, the raising of 21 barge canal bridges, the raising of 4 guard gates, the revetment of banks with quarry stones where necessary and the deepening to 13 feet through 26 locks. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $22,777,707, for new work $17,964,307 was from regular funds and $4,813,400 from Emergency Relief funds. 122 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated .................. -- $156, 466 -$52, 338 -_i- $10, 000 $22, 786, 496 Cost $1, 022, 889 .--------------- 644, 470 20, 667 $1, 499 1, 506 22, 777, 707 Maintenance: Appropriated - - - - --..- Cost------------------------- - 1 Exclusive of $42,338 held in reserve by O.C.E. for future requirements. Other new work data: $ Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------_. ---......... 8, 789 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .8... 8, 789 -------------------------------------------- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----....... .. 10,013,000 ..........-------------------------- 19. NARROWS OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN, N. Y. AND VT. Location. This waterway, 37 miles long, comprises the south- ern end of Lake Champlain and extends from Whitehall to Crown Point, N. Y. The portion included in the project extends from Whitehall, N. Y., at the southern extremity of the lake, northerly to Benson Landing, Vt., a distance of 13.5 miles. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 174.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836, March 3, 1837, July 7, 1838, August 5, 1886, July 13, 1892, and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 256, Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for a channel extending from Whitehall, N. Y., at the head of Lake Champlain, to Benson Landing, to be 12 feet deep at low lake level and generally 200 feet wide, and the installation of fender booms at Putts Rock, Putts Leap, Narrows near Dresden, Pulpit Point, and Cedar Mountain. The reference plane of low level is 93.0 feet above mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. The length of the section included in the project for improvement is about 13.5 miles. The usual annual variation of the lake level is 5.8 feet, and the extreme variation varies from 0.6 foot below up to 8.8 feet above the low lake level. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $2,140,- 000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $9,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917 (H. Doc. 1387, 62d Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Terminalfacilities. Terminal facilities are located in Whitehall Harbor and consist of three timber wharves, aggregating 4,200 feet in length. The State of New York has constructed a barge canal terminal at Whitehall, just south of the terminus of the canal, which has been equipped with a 15-ton hand-operated derrick and a storehouse. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 123 Operations and results during fiscal year. Repairs to fender booms were made during the fiscal year by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $1,627 for maintenance. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $2,559 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $4,186 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced June 1919 and is about 47 percent complete. A channel 12 feet deep at low lake level and least width of 150 feet has been excavated throughout the length of the improve- ment, except at the Elbow, where the width is 110 feet. Fender booms have been placed at the Elbow (Putts Leap and Putts Rock) and opposite the Delaware & Hudson railroad trestle. No fender booms appear to be needed at the Narrows near Dresden, Pulpit Point, and Cedar Mountain. The controlling depths at low lake level, as disclosed by surveys made in August 1948, and July 1953, through the reach included in the project, were as follows: Locality Depth Width (feet) (feet) Whiteball to the Elbow _ 12 75-250 At the Elbow -_-____ _ 12 100 From the Elbow to Maple Bend _ 12 100-150 From Maple Bend to Red Rock Bay 12 150 From Red Rock Bay to Benson Landing . .. . . . . .12 100-150 The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of widening the channel throughout its length to the project width of 200 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $854,686--$566,811 for new work and $287,875 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30. 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated $681, 811 Cost 681,811 Cost----------------- -- ---------- - - - - -- Maintenance: ----------- - - - -- - - ------------ .681, 811 Appropriated-------- $102, 000 1 -$41 J $3, 200 $386 ..... 307, 283 Cost_ 55,809 42,649 740 2.046 $4.186 307, 015 1 Includes $115,000 for new work and $19,140 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project _...-------------------$1 ,573,000 20. BURLINGTON HARBOR, VT. Location. This harbor, about 100 acres in extent, is located in a half-moon-shaped indentation in the eastern shore of Lake Champlain, about 40 statute miles south of the international boundary line, 70 statute miles north of the southern end or head of the lake, and 20 statute miles southeast of the harbor at Plattsburg, N. Y. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 172.) Existing project. This provides for a breakwater 6,000 feet 124 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 long located about 1,000 feet from the shore and practically parallel with it, to be built of stone-filled timber cribs capped with large stone or concrete. The completed breakwater is to be in two sections, the northerly 500 feet being separated from the southerly 5,500 feet by a gap 200 feet wide for the purpose of safety in entering the harbor during storms. The reference plane of low lake level is 93.0 feet above mean sea level at Sandy Hook, N. J. The level of the lake has varied from 0.6 foot below up to 8.8 feet above the low lake level. The usual annual variation is 5.8 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $706,414. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' July 4,1836 Construction of first 1,000 feet of breakwater....--------. H. Doc. 131, 23d Cong., 1st sess. June 23, 1866 Extension of 1,500 feet to breakwater......-------------- H. Ex. Doe. 56, 39th Cong., 2d sess., pp. 17 and 179, printed in pts. 3 and 4, Annual Report, 1866. Mar. 3,1875 Extension of 2,000 feet to breakwater Annual Report, 1874, p. 274. ..-------------- Chief of Engineers authorized extension southerly of Annual Report, 1887, p. 2407. 1,000 feet and northerly for 500 feet. 1 For latest published map, see Annual Report for 1897, p. 3298. Terminal facilities. The terminals consist of bulkhead shore front and open pile and solid filled piers having a total dockage of 6,520 feet. Of the terminals, 5 wharves, 2 piers, and 1 ferry slip are in use. Five of the terminals have railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for present needs of com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of miscel- laneous studies and surveys was $4,072 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was prac- tically completed in 1890; part of the breakwater originally pro- posed was not built, the work completed being considered suffi- cient for the needs of navigation. The breakwater has been built in two sections, 364 and 3,793 feet in length, respectively, separated by a gap of 200 feet. Sections of the stone and con- crete superstructure of the breakwater have been displaced by wave action and the failure of the timbers in the tops of the wooden cribs. The controlling depth in August 1948 was :about 10 feet at low lake level at the wharves, increasing considerably toward the breakwater. The distinction between new work and maintenance was not made in the early reports, hence it is impossible to separate the costs prior to July 1, 1886. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $988,138. Since June 30, 1886, the cost of maintenance was $281,724, leaving $706,414 as the cost of new work, including maintenance prior to June 1, 1886. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 125 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .- -.. $706, 414 Cost-----------------. 706, 414 Maintenance: ' Appropriated . - --.. ------------ $5, 415 283, 067 Cost- ------ --- 4, 072 281, 724 21. NEW YORK HARBOR: ENTRANCE CHANNELS AND ANCHORAGE AREAS Location. The works included under the above title are in the upper and lower bays, New York Harbor. The harbor is 330 miles southwest by water of Boston Harbor, Mass., and 165 miles northeast of the entrance to Delaware Bay, N. J. and Del. The upper bay extends southerly from the junction of Hud- son and East Rivers opposite the Battery, New York City, a dis- tance of about 51/2 miles to the Narrows. The lower bay extends from the Narrows to the sea, a distance of about 9 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369.) Existing project. This provides for the Ambrose Channel 45 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide, extending from the sea to deep water in the lower bay, length about 10.2 miles; for Anchor- age Channel, an extension of Ambrose Channel, with the same depth and width, in the upper bay, opposite the anchorage grounds, length about 5.7 miles; for Bayside-Gedney Channel 35 feet deep and 800 feet wide, extending from the sea to the junction with Main Ship Channel, length about 6.2 miles; for Main Ship Channel 30 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, extend- ing from Bayside-Gedney Channel to deep water in the lower bay, length about 5.3 miles; for the removal of Craven Shoal to a depth of 30 feet; for a channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and about 2.3 miles long, extending from bell buoy 23 to Hoffman and Swinburne Islands for an irregularly triangular-shaped an- chorage area in the southerly half of Red Hook Flats (approxi- mately 442 acres in extent), 40 and 30 feet deep; an anchorage in the vicinity of Liberty (Bedloe) Island (about 160 acres in extent) 20 feet deep, and for a channel along the New Jersey pierhead line connecting Kill Van Kull with deep water in An- chorage Channel, south of the Liberty Island anchorage, 20 feet deep for a width of 500 feet with widening at bends to 800 feet and a length of about 3 miles. The project depths refer to mean low water. Mean tidal range, 4.7 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $17,647,- 000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $315,000. 126 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 5, 1884 Main Ship-Bayside-Gedney to 30 feet for width of Annual Reports, 1887, p. 62, and 1,000 feet (dimensions fixed by Secretary of War, 1888, p. 63. Dec. 27, 1886, by authority of the act of Aug. 5, 1886). Mar. 3,1899 Ambrose Channel (East Channel) to 40 feet-.. - .. H. Doc. 159, 55th Cong., 3d sess. (Annual Report 1899, p. 1279.) June 25, 1910 Maintenance of entrance channel under 1 head ..... Aug. 8,1917 Anchorage Channel, the extension of Ambrose Chan- H. Doc. 518, 63d Cong., 2d sess. nel into Upper Bay. Do....... Removal of Craven Shoal----------------------H. Doc. 557, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Do....... Channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and H. Doc. 625, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Swinburne Islands. July 3, 1930 Relocation of southerly section of Anchorage Channel. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 18, 71st Cong., 2d seass. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging south end of Red Hook Flats, Liberty H. Doc. 183, 73d Cong., 2d sess.' Island Anchorage, and channel along New Jersey pierhead line. Do-...... Deepening Bayside-Gedney Channel to 35 feet for a H. Doc. 133, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' width of 800 feet. Aug. 26, 1937 Deepening Ambrose and Anchorage Channels to 45 Senate committee print, 75th feet for-a width of 2,000 feet. Cong., 1st sess.' ' Contain latest published maps. Terminal facilities. The harbor consists of Upper Bay and Lower Bay. In the Upper Bay there are 48 terminals with a total berthage of 73,276 feet. In addition there are 6 car-float (railroad) bridges and 3 ferry terminals consisting of 7 slips. These terminals are located along the westerly shore of the bay, from St. George, Staten Island, to the Narrows and from Con- stable Hook, Bayonne, to Ellis Island. The terminals along the Brooklyn waterfront are reported under Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channels. The Lower Bay is largely terminals being confined to Gravesend Bay where there are 8 the -undeveloped, terminals with a total berthage of 13,233 feet. Of the terminals in the harbor, 46 are equipped with mechanical handling devices, and 34 have railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed intermittently from Au- gust 9, 1953, to May 17, 1954, in dredging to restore the Main Ship Channel to its authorized project dimensions. During the fiscal year 974,280 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $416,500 for maintenance, including the cost of engineering preliminary to dredging. The cost of condition surveys, miscellaneous inspections, and reports was $42,009 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $458,509 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced in 1885 and is about 95 percent complete. Main Ship and Bayside-Gedney Channels were completed to a depth of 30 feet in February 1891. The deepening of Bayside- Gedney Channel to 35 feet for a width of 800 feet was completed in June 1939. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 127 Ambrose Channel was completed to a depth of 40 feet for a width of 2,000 feet in April 1914, and was substantially com- pleted to a depth of 45 feet for a width of 2,000 feet in 1951. Relocation of Anchorage Channel was completed to a depth of 40 feet in October 1932. The center 800 feet was dredged to 45 feet in June 1947 and the westerly 600-foot strip in April 1948. The easterly 600-foot strip was substantially completed in June 1953. The channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swin- burne Islands was completed in December 1920 up to within 300 feet of the southerly limits of the project. The dredged channel meets all the needs of navigation and no further work of im- provement is contemplated for the present. The channel along the New Jersey pierhead line from Kill Van Kull to Anchorage Channel was completed in March 1939. Widening at bends near the southerly and northerly ends author- ized in 1948 has not yet been done. The Red Hook Flats anchorage was completed to 40 and 30 feet and the Liberty (Bedloe) Island anchorage was completed to 20 feet in October 1944. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels in- cluded in this project are as follows: Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) Ambrose Channel ....-------------------------- 44 1,000 to 2,000-- ... March to May 1954. Main Ship Channel....------------------------- 30 500 to 1,000----------..... Do. Bayside-Gedney Channel 35 700 to 800----........ Do. Anchorage Channel ..- - 45 2,000 ___ April 1951 to June 1953. Craven Shoal ------------------ -------- - 1 30 - _ - - - -- July 1931. Channel between Staten Island and Hoffman and Swinburne Islands: Buoy 23 to Hoffman Island - _ 13 100 to 200 . --------.. November 1943. Hoffman Island to Swinburne Island .- 10 120 to 200 Do. Red Hook Flats Anchorage: 40-foot area- .. .....--------------------- 35 ------------------ May-June 1954. 30-foot area_. _ 26 __ Do. Liberty (Bedloe) Island Anchorage- .----- 2 20 ------------------- January 1950. Along New Jersey pierhead line _ - --- 19 500 to 200 February to March 1948. ..---------- Except for a shoal 100 by 600 feet with least depth of 27 feet located along westerly channel line. Except for scattered shoals along the westerly side having a minimum depth of 12 feet. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of widening the existing 500-foot channel along the New Jersey pierhead line to 800 feet at the southerly and northerly bends. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $20,960,269--$16,656,895 for new work, including $116,530 ap- plied to removing wrecks authorized by acts prior to the adop- tion of the existing project, and $4,303,374 for maintenance. Sig 5--127-158 128 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, .1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .-------- $412, 000 $350, 000 $400, 000 $482,000 -$1, 068 $16, 656, 895 Cost----------------- 382, 829 470, 733 309, 326 480, 503 429 16, 656, 895 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- _ 117, 300 5, 000 134, 394 17, 000 450, 640 4, 308, 489 Cost------- -------- 125, 804 5, 903 18, 177 119, 516 458, 509 4, 303, 374 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project.._______.. ..... _...... _ $990, 000 ................. 22. NEW YORK HARBOR-COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. This project applies to the Lower and Upper Bays, New York Harbor; East River, Harlem River, Hudson River Channel, N. Y., New York and New Jersey Channels, Newark Bay, N. J., and their tributaries. Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift from New York Harbor and its tributary waters, and authorizes the Secretary of War to allot such amounts as may be necessary for the work from appropriations for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works or other available appropriations, and that this work shall be carried as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of mainte- nance. The purpose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction, and no advance estimate of the amount of work required and its proper cost can be made. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4, 1915 Allotment from appropriations made for New York Aug. 8, 1917 Harbor and its immediate tributaries may be used for collection and removal of drift in these water- ways. July 3, 1930 Carrying on this work as a separate and distinct project. Terminal facilities. Described in the separate reports covered. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The U. S. drift col- lector Driftmaster, steam lighter Gorham, motor tenders Daly and Stanwix and auxiliary plant were assigned to the work of re- moving and disposing of drift when not employed on other work. There were removed and disposed of during the fiscal year 379,- 492 cubic feet (2,965 cords) of driftwood, ranging in size from small blocks to timbers of large dimensions, including piles and pieces of wreckage. The cost of this work was $267,561 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Navigation has been made safer by the continual patrol of the harbor and the removal of large quantities of drift mate- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 129 rial. The total cost of operations to June 30, 1954, amounted to $4,735,156 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $258,000 $295, 300 $304, 500 $237, 225 $266, 000 $4, 735, 188 Cost...---------------- 258, 330 295, 850 301, 688 240, 907 267, 561 4, 735, 156 23. NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY CHANNELS Location. These channels extend from deep water northwest of Sandy Hook, through lower New York Bay and Raritan Bay, to Perth Amboy, and thence through Arthur Kill, lower Newark Bay, and Kill Van Kull to deep water in upper New York Bay. This route is located approximately along the boundary line between the States of New York and New Jersey. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Charts Nos. 285, 286, and 369.) Previous projects. a. Raritan Bay. Adopted by River and Har- bor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, and June 3, 1896. b. Staten Island Sound. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, March 3, 1875, June 14, 1880, August 11, 1888, May 15, 1889, and October 20, 1890, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, and March 4, 1913. c. New York and New Jersey channels. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 284 of the Annual Report for 1923, and page 194 of the Annual Re- port for 1934. Existing project. This provides for a channel through lower New York Bay, Raritan Bay, Arthur Kill, lower Newark Bay, and Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay, the depth to be 37 feet in rock and 35 feet in soft material throughout, the width to be 600 feet across lower New York Bay and Raritan Bay and in the Ar- thur Kill to a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek, widened to 800 feet in the vicinities of Seguine Point and Wards Point, re- spectively, thence 500 feet wide to a point 1,000 feet south of the former location of Buckwheat Island, thence 500 to 600 feet wide and passing north of Shooters Island and protected by a dike on its northern side to the junction of the channel into Newark Bay; and thence 800 feet wide through Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay; with 2 anchorages 38 feet deep to accommodate 5 vessels each, 1 in the vicinity of Sandy Hook and 1 south of Perth Amboy, all with suitable easing at the bends and junctions. Length of section included in project, 30.8 miles. In addition, the construc- tion of a dike north of Shooters Island and two secondary channels 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide, one south of Shooters Island and the other in Raritan Bay connecting with Raritan River, have been completed under previous projects and are maintained under the existing project. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean range of tides varies between 4.7 and 5.1 feet; the mean range of spring tides, 5.6 to 6.1 feet; irregular fluctuations due to 130 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1,954 wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 6.9 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $58,807,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $7,712 contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1950, is $195,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 6, 19331 Anchorage off Perth Amboy to 33 feet_ _ -_ Rivers and Harbors Committee Aug. 30,1935 Doc. 17, 71st Cong., 2d seas. May 28, 1935$ Channel 35 feet deep from lower bay to upper bay, H. Doe. 133, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 except between vicinity of Smith Creek and vicinity of Piles Creek to 30 feet with anchorages 38 feet deep at Sandy Hook and Perth Amboy. May 17, 1950 Channel 35 feet deep from vicinity of Smith Creek to H. Doc. 233, 81st Cong., 1st sess. vicinity of Piles Creek. ' Public Works Administration. 3 Emergency Relief Act of 1935. s Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Work under the acts of May 28, 1935, and August 30, 1935, is subject to the following conditions of local co- operation: a. That where the project channel encroaches upon upland prop- erty and extends shoreward of harbor lines, the completion of the encroaching portions of the project shall be deferred until the nec- essary rights-of-way for channel purposes shall have been granted free of cost to the United States; and b. That local interests provide areas of land adjacent to the waterway, free of cost to the United States, for the disposal of dredged materials, except where, in the judgment of the Chief of Engineers, no suitable disposal areas exist. Under condition a, a portion of Buckwheat Island necessary for channel purposes has been ceded to the United States. An ease- ment dated August 4, 1942, approved by the Chief of Engineers on September 5, 1942, conveyed to the United States, free of cost, rights-of-way for channel purposes at Howland Hook, Staten Is- land, N. Y. Condition b is being complied with. Authority was granted by the Chief of Engineers on November 11, 1935, to re- quire local interests to provide areas for the disposal of dredged material only in the section of the waterway extending from the vicinity of Outerbridge Crossing at Perth Amboy to the vicinity of the channel north of Shooters Island: The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construc- tion and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project. c. Deepen the approaches and berths at the terminals which would use the recommended improvement in order to secure the full advantages of the deeper channel. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 131 Assurances of compliance with the above conditions were ac- cepted by the Secretary of the Army on March 4, 1954. Terminal facilities. There are 187 terminals with a total berth- age of 119,916 feet. In addition, there are 7 ferry landings, and 2 car-float (railroad) bridges. Of the terminals, 101 are equipped with mechanical handling devices, and 80 have railroad connec- tions. Included in the terminals are five large shipyards. Five of the terminals with a berthage of 1,693 feet are not used for water- borne commerce. Two of the terminals have marine railways. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a continuing contract for dredging in Perth Amboy Anchorage to a depth of 25 and 37 feet, work was commenced July 24, 1951, and was accepted as completed July 2, 1953. During the fiscal year 1,113 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $558 for new work. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed inter- mittently from July 1, 1953, to August 3, 1953, in dredging a por- tion of the channel in lower New York Bay between Wards Point and about 18,000 feet east of Seguine Point to a depth of 35 feet and widening from 400 to 600 feet. During the fiscal year 414,300 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $143,614 for new work, including the cost of engineering and design. The U. S. seagoing hopper dredge Essayons was employed inter- mittently from July 14, 1953, to May 14, 1954, in dredging a por- tion of the channel in lower New York Bay in the vicinity of Wards Point and Seguine Point to a depth of 35 feet. During the fiscal year 533,600 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $153,003, including the cost of engineering preliminary to dredging, for maintenance. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 35 feet in Arthur Kill between the limits of Tremley Point and the southerly end of Lakes Island, work was commenced June 8, 1954, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 29,900 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $42,677, including the cost of engineering and design, for new work. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 35 feet in Arthur Kill between the limits of Grasselli and Tremley Point, work was commenced April 9, 1954, and was still in progress at the end of the fiscal year. During the fiscal year 888,200 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $450,018, including the cost of engineering and design, for new work. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 30 feet in the chan- nel south of Shooters Island, work was commenced March 1, 1953, and completed June 10, 1953. No material was removed during the fiscal year. However, the liquidation of this contract reflected a final cost of $13,675 for maintenance during the fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to restore previous project depth of 30 feet in Arthur Kill between Tufts Point and Sewaren, N. J., work was commenced May 16, 1953, and completed June 11, 1953. Final costs of $145 for maintenance under the previous project were reported during the fiscal year. 132 REPORT OF CHIEF: OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AtMY, 1954 The costs of condition, surveys, miscellaneous inspections and reports were $18,347 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $822,037, of which $636,867 was for new work and $185,170 was for maintenance-$185,025 under the existing project and $145 under the previous project. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced October 1933 and is about 70 percent complete. Work completed thus far has consisted of providing project depth of 35 feet in soft material and 37 feet in rock, 600 feet wide, through lower New York Bay, Raritan Bay, and Arthur Kill to a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek, except in the vicinity of Seguine Point, where the width is 400 feet, the channel for full width from 1,000 feet south of Buckwheat Island through Kill Van Kull to upper New York Bay; and of providing depths of 37 and 25 feet in Perth Amboy Anchorage. In addition to the above-mentioned work, the construction of a dike north of Shooters Island, two secondary channels 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide, one south of Shooters Island, the other in Rari- tan Bay connecting with Raritan River and a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Arthur Kill from a point 1,000 feet north of Smith Creek to 1,000 feet south of Buckwheat Island have been completed under previous projects. The controlling mean low water depths of the channel included in the project are as follows: Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) From main ship channel to Wards Point----------------- 35 450-800 March-April, 1954. From Wards Point to Sewaren .___---.----------... 33 400-600 Do. From Sewaren to Piles Creek ........--------------------------- 30 250-400 June 1951. From Piles Creek to Elizabethport ---__--. 35 500-600 November 1939 to Au- gust 1949. From Elizabethport to Bergen Point-_-_-------------_ -- 35 600-800 September 1951. From Bergen Point to Upper New York Bay ------------ 35 800 March 1944 to Jan. 1949. Channel south of Shooters Island------------------------30 400 March-May 1953. Anchorage in the vicinity of Sandy Hook .......---------------- 21 .......---------- April 1951. Anchorage south of Perth Amboy ------------------- 37and25 Channel in Raritan Bay connecting with Raritan River.. 28 ----------.. . June 1953. 200-400 April 1951. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of completing the deepening and widening of the entire chan- nel to dimensions authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1935, and May 17, 1950, and dredging the anchorage in the vicinity of Sandy Hook. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Cost New work Maintenance Total Regular funds---.........--------...................---------------------...... .. $33,564,901 $2, 714,963 $36, 279, 864 Public works funds ...--------- ...------------------------- 807, 000 __-_.__..---..... 807, 000 Emergency Relief funds - -.... . ..- ---- ---.... . 2, 023, 308 - .. ___. . ..2,023,308 _ ------- Total United States funds------- 36, 395, 209 2, 714, 963 39, 110,172 Contributed funds---........ ..--......-------7, 712 ... ----------------- - ...... 7,712 Total, all funds----_--------------- -__ 36, 402,921 2, 714,963 39, 117,884 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 133 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 2s New work: Appropriated-....... $1, 260, 000 $2, 665, 000 $1, 414, 000 $894, 000 $965, 000 $49, 572, 085 Cost..--.......-------------- 849, 742 1, 295, 694 1, 800, 124 1, 753, 917 636, 867 49, 205, 184 Maintenance: Appropriated __ 118, 000 860, 540 290, 200 377, 686 158, 324 3, 882, 056 Cost-..... - _ _ -_ 123, 340 415, 394 708, 030 383, 641 185, 170 3, 875, 343 1Includes $12,809,975 for new work and $1,160,235 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In addition $7,712 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Includes $6,621 for new work and $1,621 for maintenance of Lemon Creek, S.I., N.Y. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954........-----............-----. $66,822 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.......... 2,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------....................................------... 1,980,822 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project............... ....-................. ....................... 20,045 ,000 24. NEWARK BAY, HACKENSACK AND PASSAIC RIVERS, N. J. Location. Newark Bay is an estuary about 11/4 miles wide and 6 miles long extending southerly from the confluence of the Hackensack and Passaic Rivers to New York and New Jersey Channels. The Hackensack River rises near Haverstraw, Rockland County, N. Y., and flows into Newark Bay. It is about 45 miles long. The Passaic River rises in the highlands of northeastern New Jersey and flows into Newark Bay. It is about 80 miles long. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 285 and 287.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, June 10, 1872, June 14, 1880, June 13, 1902, March 2, 1907, July 25, 1912, March 2, 1919, and September 22, 1922. For further details see pages 265 and 266 of Annual Re- port for 1926; page 301, Annual Report for 1929; and page 244, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. Newark Bay: A main channel 37 feet deep in rock and 35 feet-deep in other material, 550 feet wide at the entrance and narrowing to 400 feet at 4,000 feet above the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge; thence continuing to that width and same depths to the branch channel to Port Newark Terminal; thence 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide to the junction of the Passaic and Hackensack River channels; removal of the east and west cutoffs at the junction with Kill Van Kull and widening of bend above the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge to the same depths, a distance of about 4.7 miles. b. A branch channel in Newark Bay 37 feet deep in rock and 35 feet deep in other material, 600 feet wide to the inshore channel at Port Newark terminal, widened at the turn; thence an inshore channel of the same depths and 400 feet wide; a total distance of about 1.6 miles. 134 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 c. Hackensack River: A channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the upper end of the Newark Bay channel to the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge, about 1.1 miles; thence 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide to a point about 2,000 feet north of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad bridge, 2.8 miles; thence 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Little Ferry, 10.1 miles and then 12 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the New York Susque- hanna & Western Railroad bridge, 2.5 miles, a total distance for the Hackensack River of about 16.5 miles. d. Passaic River: A channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from Newark Bay to a point 3,000 feet above the Lincoln High- way bridge, 2.6 miles; thence 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide to the Nairn Linoleum Works, about 4.4 miles; thence 16 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Montclair & Greenwood Lake Railroad bridge, about 1.1 miles; thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the Eighth Street Bridge at Passaic, 7.3 miles, a total distance for the Passaic River of 15.4 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range in Newark Bay is 4.9 feet; in Hackensack River at Court Street Bridge, 5.3 feet; in Passaic River at Pennsylvania Railroad freight bridge, 5.1 feet; and in Passaic River at the Greg- ory Avenue Bridge, 5.1 feet; mean range of spring tides, 5.8, 6.4, 6.1, and 6.1 feet, respectively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.7 feet below mean low water up to 6.2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $10,200,- 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $250,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 16-foot channel in Passaic River ............ __ .... H. Doc. 441, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Feb. 27,1911 Widening 16-foot channel in Passaic River ... . - Do. July 25, 1912 20-foot channel in Passaic River--..---------- H. Doc. 707, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Do-._ ....12-foot channel in Hackensack River __.. ___-- ....... H. Doc. 643, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Sept 22, 1922 30-foot channel in Hackensack River below Central H. Doec. 206, 67th Cong., 2d sess.' RR. of New Jersey bridge, 30-foot channel in Newark Bay, and 30-foot Port Newark connecting channel. Jan. 21, 1927 10-foot channel in Passaic River- .---. ----- _ H. Doe. 284, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Do- .... 30-foot channel in Hackensack River above Central H. Doec. 429, 69th Cong., 1st sess.' RR. of New Jersey bridge. July 3, 1930 30-foot channel in Passaic River------_ ------- H. Doec. 156, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 35 and 37 feet in main channel of Newark Bay and S. Doc. 250, 79th Cong., 2d sess. branch channel to and inshore channel at Port Newark Terminal and removal of portion of rock area at Bergen Point to same depths. Do . -....Modification of local cooperation for 10-foot channel H. Doec. 430, 76th Cong., 1st sess. in Passaic River. 1 Contains latest published map. Recommended modification of project. Under date of July 30, 1951, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for deepening the existing 30-foot project channel in Hackensack River, including the 30-foot approach channel in Newark Bay upstream from the branch channel at Port Newark Terminal, to a depth of 34 feet at mean RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 135 low water in rock and 32 feet deep in other material with widen- ing at bends, and for a turning basin 25 feet deep at the upper end of this channel, 800 feet wide and 1,000 feet long, at an esti- mated cost to the United States of $1,463,000 for construction and $10,000 annually for maintenance in addition to the amount now required, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. Local cooperation. Fully complied with as required by the River and Harbor Act approved January 21, 1927, except that local interests are required to provide suitable spoil disposal areas for maintenance dredging in the 30-foot channel in the Hackensack River above Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge; in the 10-foot channel in the Passaic River; and whenever re- quired by the Secretary of War, for dredging in the 30-foot chan- nel in Newark Bay and the Hackensack River below the Central Railroad of New Jersey bridge, as required by the River and Harbor Act approved September 22, 1922. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests shall: a. Agree to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas needed for new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; b. Hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages resulting from the improvements; c. Provide and maintain suitable berthing areas at Port Newark terminal. Assurances providing compliance with the local cooperation requirements under this act were accepted by the Chief of Engi- neers on March 22, 1950. In addition, the sum of $285,600 was contributed by the Port of New York Authority to cover the cost of dredging the berthing areas at Port Newark Terminal, which work was completed by the United States in conjunction with the excavation of the project channel during 1951. It further provided, for the 10-foot channel in Passaic River from Montclair & Greenwood Lake Railroad bridge to the Eighth Street Bridge in Passaic, that when spoil disposal areas are not available, or the placing of dredge spoil ashore is uneconomical as compared with other methods of disposal, local interests shall not be required to furnish disposal areas for maintenance dredging. Terminal facilities. Along the waterways of this project there are 142 terminals with a total berthage of 58,276 feet as well as a large shipyard. Of these, Port Newark, which is owned and operated by the New York Port Authority, provides about 10,625 feet of wharfage. Fifty-seven of the terminals are equipped with mechanical handling devices and 54 have railroad connec- tions. Six of the terminals aggregating a berthage of 1789 feet are not used for water-borne commerce. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 35 feet in the branch and inshore chan- nels at Port Newark and to a depth of 30 feet in Newark Bay, in Hackensack River to about 1,500 feet north of the Pulaski Skyway Bridge, and in Passaic River to about 2,500 feet north 136 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of the junction with Hackensack River, work was commenced April 6, 1953, and was completed November 27, 1953. During the fiscal year 129,068 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $110,909 for maintenance, including the cost of surveys and engineering work incidental to dredging. The cost of condition surveys, miscellaneous inspections and reports was $9,755 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $120,664 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced August 1907 and is about 89 percent com- plete. The channels included in the project have been completed to full project dimensions except for deepening the 20-foot main channel in Passaic River from Jackson Street to Nairn Linoleum Works. Deepening of the 35-foot main channel in Newark Bay, including the triangular cutoffs at the entrance was completed during April 1952. The controlling mean low water depths of the various chan- nels, as shown by surveys made intermittently from September 1939 to September 1953, are as follows: Section Depth Width (feet) (feet) In Newark Bay from mouth to junction with branch channel to Port Newark terminal--------------- --------------------------------.--. ----- 35 400-535 From junction with branch channel to Port Newark terminal to junction of Hackensack and Passaic Rivers------------................---...............---------------------------- 30 380-400 In Hackensack River from Newark Bay to about 2,000 feet above the Delaware, Lackawanna & WesternR R bridge---------------------------------------.......................................... 30 220-400 From 2,000 feet above Delaware, Lackawanna & Western R R bridge to head of project at the New York, Susquehanna & Western R R bridge----....----. - 12 :130-200 In Passaic River from Newark Bay to 1900 feet upstream from Junction Light.. 30 300 From 1900 feet upstream from Junction Light to 3,000 feet above Lincoln High- way bridge ---------------------------------------------------------- 22 200-300 From 3,000 feet above Lincoln Highway bridge to Jackson Street hridge---_-- 17 300-180 From Jackson Street bridge to Nairn Linoleum Works-...................... 15 150-300 From Nairn Linoleum Works to Montclair & Greenwood Lake R R bridge..... 12 150-100 From Montclair & Greenwood Lake R R bridge to 8th Street bridge............ 9 60-150 From branch channel in Newark Bay to inshore channel at Port Newark ter- minal . .................-------------------------------------------------------------- 35 600-400 Minimum widths through bridge draws: Hackensack River: Feet 30-foot project.................-----------.................. 145 12-foot project ...........-------------................ 56 Passaic River: 30-foot project ....---------.. ..........................................-------------------------------. 100 20- and 16-foot projects ...........------------..................------------------------...................................... 70 10-foot project -.....- . ....-----------....................... .................... 45 Hackensack River is navigable 201/2 miles above mouth to New Milford. Passaic River is navigable 16 miles above mouth to Dundee Rapids. The work remaining to be done under the exist- ing project consists of the completion of the 35-foot main chan- nel in Newark Bay and the 20-foot channel in Passaic River from Jackson Street to the Nairn Linoleum Works. Work in the Passaic River includes the removal of a small quantity of rock on the west side of the channel above Center Street Bridge. Ad- jacent property owners are opposed to this work. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, exclu- sive of $285,600 contributed funds, was $12,780,062 for new work and $3,762,104 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 137 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 2 New work: Appropriated-------- $800, 000 $1, 100,000 $732, 000 $107, 898 ..------------ $10, 773,280 Cost--- ----........ 72,902 1, 613, 209 1, 440, 201 1, 586- ... 10,773, 280 Maintenance: Appropriated- _._..__ 469, 715 268, 262 3, 987 554, 900 -$7, 604 4, 903, 570 Cost-------------..............--.. 603, 097 275, 793 3, 416 424, 134 120, 664 4,900,472 1 Includes $1,755,321 for new work and $1,138,368 for maintenance for previous projects. SIn addition $285,600 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project...-----------------................. $1,182,000 ..... 25. GREAT KILLS HARBOR, STATEN ISLAND, N. Y. Location. Great Kills is a small harbor contiguous to lower New York Bay, located on the southeasterly shore of Staten Island, N. Y., about 8 miles northwest of Sandy Hook, N. J., and 161/2 miles southwest of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 369.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide from deep water in lower New York Bay through the entrance to the harbor in the vicinity of the present westerly end of Crooks Island, thence of same depth and width along the west side of the harbor and for an anchorage area of 138 acres and 8-foot depth. The length of the section included in the project is about 1.9 miles. The mean range of tide is 4.7 feet, mean range of spring tides, 5.6 feet; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 3.9 feet below mean low water up to 5.2 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $137,302, exclusive of $104,805 contributed by local interests. The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 Entrance channel to Crooks Island___-_ H. Doc. 252, 69th Cong., 1st sess. June 20, 1938 Extension of entrance channel and for an anchorage H. Doc. 559, 75th Cong., 3d sess. area. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable spoil disposal areas for maintenance. Terminal facilities. No terminals suitable for commercial pur- poses have been established. There are eight small piers used for mooring and landing purposes. Four commercial boatyards are located at Great Kills. Upon completion of the two public terminals to be constructed in accordance with the requirements of local cooperation, the terminals will be sufficient for present needs. 138 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Operationsand results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $700 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced December 1934 and completed September 1948. Under a permit issued by the Secretary of the Army, the city of New York dredged a portion of the anchorage and chan- nel along the west side of the harbor in order to obtain fill for park improvement purposes. When examined intermittently from May 1947, to May 1954, the controlling mean low water depth was 10 feet for widths of 110 to 150 feet in the entrance channel from lower New York Bay to Crooks Point, thence of same depth for a width of 150 feet to the head of the project, and 8 feet in the anchorage. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $281,217-$36,000 Public Works funds, $101,302 regular funds, and $104,805 contributed funds, a total of $242,107 for new work and $39,110 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated-------- $101, 248 --------------------------------------------- $137, 302 Cost---------------................. - 101,248 -137--..---.--------------.----------.. 137, 302 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 400 .----- .- ...--.-------------- $700 39,110 Cost..----------------- 400 .......-.- . . --.--------------.. . . . 700 39,110 In addition $104,805 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Reimbursements of Advanced Funds originally expended in prior fiscal years. 26. RARITAN RIVER, N. J. Location. This river rises in the north-central part of New Jer- sey and flows in a general southeasterly direction into Raritan Bay, between Perth Amboy and South Amboy, about 24 miles by water south of the Battery, New York City. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 375.) Previous projects. A survey of Raritan River for the improve- ment of New Brunswick Harbor was made in 1836. Subsequent projects were adopted by acts of June 18, 1878, and March 3, 1881. For further details, see page 1777 of Annual Report for 1915, page 359 of Annual Report for 1918, and page 259 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from the turn in New York and New Jersey Channels near Great Beds Light to the Government wharf on the main channel, a distance of 5.8 miles widened to 600 feet for a length of 1,000 feet opposite the wharf to form a turning basin of same depth; thence a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the Washington Canal, a distance of 3.0 miles; thence 10 feet deep in soft material, 11 feet deep in rock, and generally 100 feet wide with widening at bends to the Delaware and Rari- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y. DISTRICT 139 tan Canal entrance at New Brunswick, a distance of 5 miles; and for a south channel, 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the junction with the main channel at Keasby to the upper limit of the Titanium Pigment Co. property, a distance of 0.8 mile; thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the upper junction with the main channel at Crab Island, a distance of 2.4 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean range of tides is5.1 feet at the mouth of the river and 5.6 feet at New Bruns- wick; mean range of spring tides, 6.1 and 6.6 feet, respectively. Irregular fluctuations due to winds and barometric pressure vary from 3.6 feet below mean low water up to 6.9 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,257,- 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $66,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1940) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1919 Channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Washington H. Doc. 1341, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Canal, thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide to canal locks and 10 feet deep through south channel. July 3,1930 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide up to New H. Doc. 127, 70th Cong., 1st sess. York & Long Branch RR. bridge. Do Channel 10 feet deep in earth and 11 feet in rock to ...... H. Doc. 454, 70th Cong., 2d sess.' New Brunswick. Width reduced to 100 feet. Do _-. Relocation of lower reach of south channel....----------....... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 31, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide to junction of Rivers and Harbors Committee main and south channels, thence of same depth in Doc. 74, 74th Cong., 2d sess.' south channel to Titanium Pigment Co. Oct. 17,1940 Channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from junction Report on file in the Office, Chief of main and south channels to the Government of Engineers(report not printed). wharf, including a turning basin. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish spoil disposal areas for the mainte- nance of the 25-foot channel from New York & Long Branch Railroad bridge to junction of main and south channels, and in the south channel to the Titanium Pigment Co. property. Terminal facilities. There are 13 piers and bulkheads with a total berthage of 8,549 feet along the shores of Raritan River. The Government has established a large ammunition and storage depot and arsenal known as Raritan Arsenal on the river. One of the terminals is municipally owned and is leased to private interests. Nine of the terminals are equipped with mechanical handling devices and 10 have railroad connections. In addition, there is a boatyard with storage space for 100 craft. The ter- minals are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under a contract for dredging to a depth of 25 feet in the South Channel from its junction with the Main Channel to the upper limit of the Titanium Pigment Company wharf, and to a depth of 18 feet in .the Main Channel upstream approximately 2,450 feet, work was commenced November 19, 1953, and completed December 14, 1953. During the 140 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY; 1954 fiscal year 236,254 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $94,792 for maintenance, including cost of engineering preliminary to dredging. The U.S. seagoing hopper dredge Gerig was employed from September 30, 1953, to October 30, 1953, in restoring the Main Channel east of Arthur Kill Cut-Off Channel to 25 feet. During the fiscal year 187,100 cubic yards, place measurement, of material were removed at a cost of $115,498 for maintenance, including en- gineering preliminary to dredging. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports was $1,988 for maintenance. The total cost of work was $212,278 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced September 1919 and is about 96 percent com- plete. The main channel has been dredged 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the junction with New York and New Jersey Chan- nels to and including a turning basin of the same depth opposite the Government wharf, except for a shoal along the northerly channel line in the vicinity of the Victory Bridge, thence 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the mouth of the Washington Canal, thence 10 and 11 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the Delaware & Raritan Canal outlet locks at New Brunswick. The south channel has been dredged 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide for a distance of 3,200 feet, thence 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide for a distance of 12,400 feet to within 1,300 feet of the junction with the main chan- nel at Crab Island. The model study of Raritan River was completed in March 1952. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) In main channel from New York and New Jersey chan- 25 300-170 April-November 1953. nels to junction with the south channel. From south channel junction to lower end of Govern- 16 300-150 December 1953. ment wharf. From lower end of Government wharf to upper end of 16 300-150 November 1952.. Government wharf. Turning Basin, opposite Government wharf............. 9 100-300 Do. From upper end of Government wharf to the Washington 15 100-200 July 1946-July 1947. Canal. From Washington Canal to the Delaware & Raritan 10 40-100 July 1946. Canal lock at New Brunswick. In south channel to upper limit of Titanium Pigment 25 300 December 1953. dock. From upper limit of Titanium Pigment Co. dock to 9 150-50 December 1950. Crossman's dock. From Crossman's dock to junction with main channel 1 100-150 July 1947. opposite Crab Island. The work remaining to be done under the existing project is the dredging of the south channel to a depth of 10 feet and 150 feet wide for a length of 1,300 feet to the upper junction with the main channel at Crab Island, and the removal of a shoal along the northerly channel line in the vicinity of the Victory Bridge. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $3,560,015, $878,315 from regular funds, $292,685 from Ordnance funds, and $66,000 from contributed funds, a total of $1,237,000 for new work, and $2,323,015 from United States funds for main- tenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 141 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 2 New work: Appropriated -------------------- ------------- $1, 551, 470 Cost ----------------- ----- ------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 1, 551, 470 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $219, 137 $99, 472 $119, 953 $133, 863 $213, 216 2, 436, 746 Cost----------------................. -210,636 104,787 116, 802 138,826 212,278 2,434,434 SIncludes $673,155 for new work and $111,419 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $292,685 for new work was expended from Ordnance Funds and $66,000 for new work was expended from Contributed Funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project__....-......-... .. . ....... ... ........... $86,000, 27. SHREWSBURY RIVER, N. J. Location. This river is mainly a large tidal basin in the eastern part of New Jersey, the outlet being at the southeast end of Sandy Hook Bay, about 4 miles south from the point of Sandy Hook. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 824.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 30, 1852, March 3, 1871, March 3, 1879, modified in 1883 and 1887, and by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919. For fur- ther details, see page 1778 of Annual Report of 1915, page 373 of Annual Report of 1918, and page 267 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide, following the westerly shore, from deep water in Sandy Hook Bay to a point 600 feet south of the railroad bridge at Highlands, a distance of 2.2 miles; then 9 feet deep and generally 150 feet wide, suitably widened at bends and turns, in the south branch of the river to the Branchport Avenue Bridge in the city of Long Branch, a distance of 6.8 miles; and for a channel in the north branch 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the junction to Red 'Bank, a distance of 6.1 miles; a turning basin and anchorage in the vicinity of Red Bank, 6 feet deep and about 19 acres in area; a channel in Claypit Creek, 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 6-foot curve in the north branch to the head of the creek, a distance of about 1.0 mile; a channel in Oceanport Creek, 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 2 miles long from the channel in south branch to the New York and Long Branch Railroad Bridge; and for a channel in Little Silver Creek, 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 1.6 miles long from the channel in south branch to the Seven Bridge Road Bridge. All depths refer to the plane of local mean low water. The mean range of tide at Highlands is 3.8 feet; at Seabright, 1.7 feet; at Branchport, 1.7 feet; and at Red Bank, 3 feet. Mean range of spring tides is 4.7, 2.1, 2.2, and 3.6 feet, respectively. Irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 1.7 feet below mean low water up to 6.5 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, was $996,- 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and ex- clusive of $36,311 funds already contributed and $86,000 to be contributed by local interests. The estimate of annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1950, is $68,000. 142 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 Channel 6 feet deep in North Branch __......_ ---- H. Doc. 1296. 62d Cong., 3d sess. Aug. 30,1935 Channel 12 feet deep_ _ ___ ._____ ____............ H. Doc. 157, 71st Cong 2d sess. Do_ .____ Channel 9 feet deep______________ ___-...... ........ Rivers and Harbors Committee, Doc. 31, 74th Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 Turning basin and anchorage 6 feet deep at Red H. Doc. 285, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Bank, and channels 6 feet deep in Claypit, Ocean- (Contains latest published map). port, and Little Silver Creeks. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provides that local interests shall: a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construc- tion, and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the improvement. c. Provide and maintain a suitable public wharf on each of the creeks to be improved, which shall be open to all on equal terms. d. Remove at their own expense the Locust Avenue Bridge over Claypit Creek. e. Make cash contributions of $25,000, $33,000, and $27,500 toward the cost of improvement of Claypit, Oceanport, and Little Silver Creeks, respectively. Provided further that construction of any unit of the proposed improvement may be undertaken independently of the other units when the required local cooperation has been provided. These conditions have not been fulfilled. The requirements un- der prior acts have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 33 terminals with a total berth- age of 7,986 feet located on the waterway. Eight of the terminals with a total berthage of 1,000 feet are open to the public. In addi- tion, many private pleasure boat landings have been constructed by owners of riverfront estates. Fifteen boatyards with storage space for 670 craft and equipped with 21 marine railways are avail- able. None of the terminals has direct rail connections. The facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The cost of a survey to determine the condition of the channel was $1,647 for main- tenance. This survey was not completed at the end of the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work under the existing proj- ect was commenced October 1919, and is about 57 percent complete. The controlling mean low water depths of the channels included in the project are as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 143 Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) From Sandy Hook Bay to 600 feet south of railroad 12. 0 300-250 September 1950. bridge at Highlands, N. J. From 600 feet south of railroad bridge at Highlands, N. J., 9. 0 150 Do. to junction of north and south branches. From junction of north and south branches to Branch- 8.0 80-150 May-June 1950. port Ave. bridge at Long Branch, N. J. NORTH BRANCH Junction with main channel to City Dock at Red Bank, 6.0 75-150 Do. N. J. From City Dock to head of project opposite Maple Ave., 4. 5 150 Do. Red Bank, N. J. Anchorage and turning basin at Red Bank, N. J ...... _ 3.0 400 September 1947. Claypit Creek from mouth to Locust Avenue Bridge..... 1.4 100 Do. Oceanport Creek, from junction with south branch to 1.6 100 Do. New York and Long Branch Railroad Bridge. Little Silver Creek, from junction with south branch to 0. 8 100 Do. Seven Bridge Road. The river is navigable on the north branch to Red Bank; on the south branch to Branchport; on Claypit Creek to Locust Avenue; on Oceanport Creek to Oceanport Avenue; and on Little Silver Creek to Seven Bridge Road. The work remaining to be done under the existing project con- sists of dredging the turning basin and anchorage in the vicinity of Red Bank, and the channels in Claypit, Oceanport, and Little Silver Creeks as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $801,159-$466,563 for new work and $334,596 for maintenance. In addition, the costs from contributed funds were $36,311 for new work. Cost and finan, ial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 2 New work: Appropriated - ---... $687, 457 Cost_ - --- 687, 457 Maintenance: Appropriated _ $98, 000 -$16, 010 $2, 500 622, 055 Cost_ - _ 5, 216 76, 774 - -- 1, 647 621, 202 1 Includes $220,894 for new work and $286,606 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $36,311 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 3 Exclusive of $86,000 to be contributed by local interests. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project . __...... ........ $_529,000 28. SUPERVISION OF NEW YORK HARBOR The laws enacted for the preservation of the tidal waters of New York Harbor, its adjacent or tributary waters, and the waters of Long Island Sound are administered by the Supervisor of New 144 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 York Harbor. The Supervisor is charged under the laws with the duties of preventing any obstructive or injurious deposits in the waters under his jurisdiction and the prevention of any interfer- ence with safe navigation of the channels of the harbor by deep- draft vessels. The laws relating to the supervision of New York Harbor are the Act of Congress approved June 29, 1888 (25 Stat. 209) as amended by section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894 (28 Stat. 360), section 8 of the River and Harbor Act of May 29, 1908 (35 Stat. 424, 426), act of February 16, 1909 (35 Stat. 623), and act of July 12, 1952 (66 Stat. 596) ; section 2 of the River and Har- bor Act of August 18, 1894 (28 Stat. 360); and act of Congress approved June 24, 1924 (Oil Pollution Act, 43 Stat. 604). Supervision was exercised by means of the U. S. Patrol Boats Active and San Luis II, four patrol launches and shore patrol and and inspection. Patrols were maintained to insure that no obstruc- tive or injurious material was deposited at places other than the designated dumping grounds; to keep the main channels free of any interference to their safe navigation by deep-draft vessels; and to prevent the discharge into navigable waters of waste oil and sludge, rubbish, and other types of debris. The total cost of all work during the fiscal year, including the cost of operating the vessels and the work of the office for the supervision of New York Harbor to June 30, 1954, was $386,240. Summary of legal actions. The disposition of legal actions to the end of the fiscal year for violations of act of June 29, 1888, as amended, and the Oil Pollution Act of 1924, is as follows: Number of cases reported to United States attorney for prosecution: Prior to fiscal year 1954 .-....-.... 1701 During fiscal year 1954 ...... .35 Total ....---......------.-- .--- -.......-. - 1736 Number of convictions obtained or cases settled by compromise: Prior to fiscal year 1954 ..... .......------------------------------------------- 1155 During fiscal year 1954 ..... - ---- ......--------------- -37 Total ...-----... ---......... ... -------..------------------------- 1192 Number of cases nolle prossed or discontinued: Prior to fiscal year 1954...---------------------------------------- 442 -. ... During fiscal year 1954_ ..-. _________-- -- -. 1 Total ...--.....---- ...... ------------------------------...-----...--------- 443 Number of cases dismissed after trial: Prior to fiscal year 1954...--------------------------------------------58 . . .. . During fiscal year 1954_ ..... ___._._.-.. .. 0O.. Total ......................------------------- --------.--------------- 58 Number of cases pending 30 June 1954 .. ---------------------------------. 23 Grand total -------------------------------- .- ---- 1736 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 145 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated........ $373, 250 $432, 059 $470, 914 $315, 955 $388, 000 $11, 092, 962 Cost---------------- 436, 460 433, 370 342, 310 457, 494 386, 240 11, 090, 913 Summary of deposits. The amounts of material in cubic yards disposed of under the supervision of the Supervisor of New York Harbor since 1890, are as follows: Material deposited at the mouth of the harbor: From 1890 to 1953 .... --------- - - - - - - - - - - - 834, 619, 654 Fiscal year 1954: By United States seagoing hopper dredges from Anchorage Channel, Bay Ridge and Red Hook Channel, Buttermilk Channel, Hudson River Channel and Raritan Bay Channel........ 5,020, 311 Operations by the United States under con- tract in maintenance and improvement of waterways.......-------..-..............----.............----.---------.................. 431, 194 Other than United States operations----------.................... 8, 572, 126 14,023,631 848,643, 285 Material deposited on shore, or behind bulkheads or dikes: From 1890 to 1953 ...................................................-- ------.................- 505,643,650 Fiscal year 1954: Operations by the United States under contract in maintenance and improvement of water- ways .---.....---...............................------------------------.....---.................... 1,405, 717 Other than United States operations--------- .................. 13, 801, 786 15, 207, 503 520, 851, 153 Material deposited in Hudson River at various dumping grounds: From 1907 to 1953 .....................-------------------------................................. 33, 023, 601 Fiscal year 1954------------------....................................-------........................... 445,904 33, 469, 505 Material deposited in Long Island Sound, Fishers Island Sound, Block Island Sound and Little Narragansett Bay: From 1890 to 1953 ..----...-...--------. ..-----------............... - . 93, 908, 717 Fiscal year 1954......................................-----------------------------870, 675 94, 779, 392 G rand total .............................--............. . ... .... ........ .... 1, 497, 743, 335 All material deposited 1890 to 1953 .............. ................... 1,467, 195, 622 All material deposited fiscal year 1954 ................................ 30, 547, 713 146 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 29. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 full re- Estimated Name ofproject port, amount see an- Operation required to nual re- Construction and Main-complete port tenance for- 1. Port Chester Harbor, N. Y-.---_ -. --.-... -... 1953 1 $433, 470 1 $140, 729 " $93, 000 2. Mamaroneck Harbor, N. Y........._.....----....1952 2 S 207, 404 4 55, 475 (5) 3. Larchmont Harbor, N. Y ..--------------------- 1916 6 76, 065 211 () 4. Echo Bay Harbor, N. Y...----------------------1953 7- - - - - - 8 64, 584 8 7,171 ( 5. New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y ____.__.._ 1949 9 73, 214 22, 030 (6) 6. East Chester Creek, N. Y...............-........ 1953 1211592, 057 12 380, 232 664, 000 7. Westchester Creek, N. Y__....................... 1953 1s 175, 849 Is 258, 083 (5) 8. ----- Bronx River, N. Y............................... 1953 14 151 149, 946 14 366, 212 299, 000 9. Harbor at Flushing Bay, N. Y___.. . ......-- - 1953 1 628, 502 16210, 365 710, 000 10. Manhasset Bay, N. y.10___________1948 _ .--------------- 460 18 172, 000 11. Hempstead Harbor, N. Y _.-.---------- --- -1953 39, 468 68, 099 (5) 12. Glen Cove Harbor, N. Y.' " -----------. 90- 1911 72,000 ------------ 1,038, 000 13. Glen Cove Creek, N. Y_ --- __--- .------ - 1953 17 29, 760 29, 108 19 70, 000 1953 14. Huntington Harbor, N. Y-----................--..... 2171, 535 51, 556 2262,000 15. Northport Harbor, N. Y.2_ ...........-------...1949 2460, 000 16. Greenport Harbor, N. Y___ ....... __............ 1953 74, 681 18, 464 (5) 17. Peconic River, N. Y___ . ------ ................. 1953 25, 000 108, 388 (5) 18. Sag Harbor, N. Y_ _-- ------------------------- 1953 121, 805 1, 266 (5) 19. Browns Creek, N. Y.7--------------------_ 1951 33, 976 92, 507 447, 000 20. Orowoe Creek, N. Y.o -----_-- 1949 --------------------------- ___.--------------- 50,000 21. Sumpawanus (Babylon _Creek) Inlet, N. Y.' 22. Sheepshead Bay, N. Y ....... ---- -- -- ............ 1948 _.... 1895 7, 000 28 2633, 828 . 3-- 3,763 (5) (5) 23. Coney Island Creek, N. Y....._................ 1952 69, 489 1, 622 206,000 24. Buttermilk Channel, N. Y- ----------......----- _ 1953 271, 941, 918 697, 228 1,274, 000 25. Wallabout Channel, N. Y---.......... ------- 1953 18, 174 35, 295 (5) 26. Newtown Creek, N. Y___ ....................... 1953 28 1, 168,354 28 917, 591 583, 000 27. Irvington Harbor, N. Y.1o 20--o__-____- _ 1948---------- - 360 63, 000 28. Tarrytown Harbor, N. Y._______________________ 1951 69, 836 57,944 (5) 29. Peekskill Harbor, N. Y......................... --- 1951 19, 400 59, 808 (51) 30. Wappinger Creek, N. Y .....................---------------------- 1950 13, 000 43,026 (5) 31. Saugerties Harbor, N. Y.7 20__ .--.---------- _ 1949 2981, 905 so86, 294 (5) 32. Ticonderoga River, N. Y.7 o__________ ___________ 1895 16,500 ------------ 383, 000 33. Port Henry Harbor, N. Y.7....-----------............--------- 1931 12 69, 406 1,253 (5) 34. Otter Creek, Vt. 20---o - ----- 2 _ -- - - - - - - 1950 60,254 7, 619 143, 000 35. Gordons Landing, Lake Champlain, Vt. 1892 34,750 .. (5) 36. Plattsburg Harbor, N. Y----.....------------ - 1953 198, 415 102, 452 (5) 37. Channel between North7 and South Hero Islands, Lake Champlain, Vt. 20---o . ..----- 1909 1 31, 000 . (5) 38. St. Albans Harbor, Lake 7 Champlain, Vt.7 20..... 1917 3, 125 385 (s) 39. Swanton Harbor, Vt. 20o _____1888 _________2, 70, 500 010, 000 40. Rouses Point, Lake Champlain, N. Y.7.......... 1895 98, 468 ...---------- () 41. Great Chazy River, N. Y.7 20------- ------------ 1895 18,000 ------------ (5) 42. Elizabeth River, N. J.10 ---- --- 1953 S3 60, 481 n159, 391 190, 000 43. Rahway River, N. J.1lo_ 0.___ .. 1949 " 37, 000 307 192, 000 44. 45. Woodbridge Creek, N. J...- Lemon Creek, Staten Island N. Y.10_ ....-.------ .-------... 1953 1937 3_ 5 49, 823 1s6, 621 177, 673 8 1, 621 (5) 200,000 46. Washington Canal and South River, N. J........ 1953 37 8 206, 116 87208, 941 (5) 47. Raritan River to Arthur Kill Cut-off Channel, N. J ----------------------------------- 1953 810,500 970,498 (5) 48. Cheesequake Creek, N. J._.--------------------- 1953 40, 000 26,152 333, 000 49. Matawan Creek, N. J...---- --..........-..---------------........ 1953 21, 000 73,964 24, 000 50. Keyport Harbor, N. J._ .----------------------- 1953 40,475 174, 755 (5) 51. Waycake Creek, N. J.o 10___----1949--- 1949 --.... - 119, 000 52. Shoal Harbor and Compton Creek, N. J....--------- 1953 47, 282 9 323, 151 45, 000 53. Sandy Hook Bay at Leonardo, N. J.o---- 1950 _------- -81, 000 54. Sandy Hook Bay, N. J- ----- ,___-- - 1952 41 508, 936 4o 1, 270 (5) 55. Shark River, N. J------------- . --..... __-_-. . 1953 150, 000 143, 316 (5) Includes $74,995 for new work and $16,369 for maintenance for previous projects. 1 2 Includes $80,724 for new work for previous projects. 3 In addition, $18,728 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 4 Includes $13,415 for maintenance for previous projects. SCompleted. 6 Includes $5,000 for new work for previous projects. 7 Improvement adequate for commerce. 8 Includes $47,368 for new work and $10 for maintenance under previous projects. 9 Includes $43,175 for new work for previous projects. 10 Awaiting local cooperation. 11In addition, $14,403 for new work was expended from contributed funds for previous projects. 12Includes $592,057 for new work and $380,232 for maintenance on previous projects. 1 3 Includes $77,182 for new work and $66,600 for maintenance for previous projects. 14 Includes $69,036 for new work and $26,921 for maintenance for previous projects. 1sIn addition, $10,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 16Includes $238,873 for new work and $206,411 for maintenance under previous projects. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW YORK, N. Y. DISTRICT 147 17 In addition, $29,774 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 18In addition, $50,000 to be contributed by local interests, but not forthcoming. 19Exclusive of $69,500 to be contributed by local interests. *2No commerce reported. 2 Includes $22,500 for new work under previous projects. In addition, $19,546 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Exclusive of $31,454 to be contributed by local interests. 2 No funds available. 24 In addition, $15,000 to be contributed by local interests. 28 In addition, $15,200 to be contributed by local interests. 26 Includes $26,000 for new work for previous projects. 22 Include $496,250 for new work for previous projects. s Includes $401,261 for new work and $421,817 for maintenance for previous projects. 29Includes $42,000 for new work for previous projects. 31 SoIncludes $15,000 for maintenance for previous projects. 33 Includes $21,000 for new work for previous projects. In addition, $10,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. asIncludes $60,481 for new work and $58,791 for maintenance for previous projects. " Includes $37,000 for new work for previous projects. 3 Includes $19,000 for new work under previous projects. 86These amounts also included in report for New York and New Jersey Channels. No work has been done on the existing project for Lemon Creek. 7 Includes $157,224 for new work and $84,934 for maintenance for previous projects. asIn addition, $365 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 9 Includes $17,000 for new work and $169,709 for maintenance for previous projects. 4oIncludes final expenditures of $22 for maintenance which were reported during fiscal year 1953 for a condi- tion survey of the anchorage area completed in July 1951. n In addition, $53,790 for new work was expended from contributed funds. " Exclusive of $5,500 contributed funds. 'a Estimated amounts required to complete were revised in 1954. " Costs of $209 were incurred during 1954 on a condition survey. 148 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY,1954 30. HOOSICK FALLS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, N. Y. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachu- setts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. Hoosick Falls, N. Y., is situated on the Hoosic River about 26 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey map cov- ering Hoosick, N. Y.-Vt. quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for channel widening for 3,300 feet, for removal of White Dam and channel excavation for 700 feet, and for construction of earth levees and concrete walls on both banks of the river. The principal structures involved are rein- forced concrete floodwalls approximately 900 feet in length on the right bank and 700 feet in length on the left bank, an earth levee approximately 2,400 feet in length along the right bank, an emer- gency outlet section in the right bank flood wall, relocation of Woods Brook in a concrete flume, and interior drainage structures. The current estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $1,070,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $96,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operation and results during fiscal year. Preparation of final engineering reports was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The cost for engineering was $2,674 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction work under the existing project was commenced on May 28, 1950, and completed on June 6, 1952. Final engineering reports remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $1,042,605 for new work. Cost and financial smmary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated------......--. $350, 000 $500, 000 $206, 000 -$47, 852 -- -... ----- $1, 052, 148 Cost----------------- 39, 943 514, 939 430, 128 16,856 $2, 674 1,042, 605 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954......------...-----..--...... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, . $9,543 1955 -...................... ---.- --- ---------... .-. --.. .....--.-- .... ........ ....... 9 ,543 31. NORTH ADAMS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachu- setts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 149 N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. North Adams, Mass., is situated on the Hoosic River about 14 miles below the source of the river. (See U. S. Geological Survey map covering Greylock, Mass.-Vt., quadrangle.) Existing project. This project provides for local channel im- provement which would extend through the entire city for a dis- tance of 9,100 feet along the North Branch, 8,100 feet along the South Branch, and 12,100 feet along the main stream downstream from the junction and including Braytonville. On the North Branch the improvements would consist of a debris basin above the Eclipse Dam; closure walls at the proposed new Hoosac Cotton Mill Dam and a rectangular paved concrete chute. On the South Branch, the improvements would consist of a closure levee with a check dam and stilling basin; raising of the Boston & Albany Railroad track; a new trapezoidal earth channel with levee; an improved trapezoidal and rectangular earth channel with levee and walls; and a rectangular paved concrete chute. At the junc- tion, the improvements would consist of a rectangular concrete chute to a drop structure and stilling basin below Brown Street; closure levees; and rock-paved and improved earth channels. At Braytonville the improvements would consist of a rock-paved trapezoidal channel; a levee; an improved trapezoidal channel with levee; and a new dam and stilling basin with closure levee. Other work appurtenant to the project would involve bridge re- construction and approaches; street and utility relocations; in- terior drainage; and miscellaneous alteration, construction, and demolition works. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $15,700,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $2,080,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and modified by the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will insure against future encroachments upon the flood channels to be provided by the improvements. General assurances of local cooperation in the entire project were execu- ted by the mayor of North Adams on December 15, 1949. The assurances were approved on March 3, 1950. In accordance with a law enacted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1950, the State Department of Public Works on November 21, 1950, furnished general assurances of local cooperation on the part of the State in the project, with the exception of operation and maintenance of the project within the city of North Adams which remains a responsibility of the city under assurances pre- viously furnished by the city of North Adams. Lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the first and second units of construction were acquired by local interests on March 9, 1950, and March 27, 1952, respectively. Acquisition of lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the third unit of construction is in progress. 150 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local interests contributed $54,000 on June 9, 1950; $55,000 on June 17, 1952; $4,000 on October 6, 1952; and $900 on December 2, 1952, a total of $113,900 for local work in connection with the first and second units of construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of con- tract plans and specifications was in progress and model tests were completed for the third unit of construction involving channel excavation and concrete chute upstream of the second unit for 600 feet on the South Branch and 5,350 feet on the North Branch. The cost for preliminary engineering was $30,315 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Contract plans and specifica- tions for the first and second units of construction and model studies for the first, second, and third units have been completed. Construction work under the existing project was commenced on July 31, 1950, and is about 8 percent complete. The first unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation, drop structure and stilling basin, concrete walls and paving downstream from Brown Street Bridge below the junction of North and South Branches, was completed on May 29, 1952. The second unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation, and construction of concrete chute, concrete walls, and bridge abutments from Brown Street Bridge upstream to the junction of the North and South Branches, was completed on December 3, 1952. Preparation of plans and specifications, model studies, and the construction of protective works for the remainder of the project remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, exclusive of $108,753 contributed funds, was $1,211,929 for new work. Cost and finan ial svmmary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated----........ $350, 000 $350, 000 $400, 000 ----------------------- 000 1 $1,183, Cost- - -------------- 74, 415 187,214 459,554 378,845 30, 315 1,211,929 1Exclusive of $32,000 borrowed. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............. ----------- -- 28,929 Uinobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ....... .... ............. .................... . ............................. ... --28 ,929 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- .......14,517,000 pletion of existing project.....................--------------------....... CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Contributed-------- ------------ Cost ........ ..-------------------------- $54, 000 36,708 - $11, _978 $59, 900 60,067 - ------------ 108, 753 $113, 900 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ..................------------ 5,147 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.- ..... ............ .......-. ................. ....... 5 ,147 ........- ................-- FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 151 32. ADAMS, HOOSIC RIVER BASIN, MASS. Location. The Hoosic River rises in northwestern Massachu- setts, flows generally north and northwest, crossing the southwest corner of Vermont to the vicinity of Eagle Bridge, N. Y., where it turns west and joins the Hudson River about 16 miles above Troy, N. Y. It is 66 miles long and has a drainage area of 713 square miles. Adams, Mass., is situated on the Hoosic River about 6 miles below the source of the river. (See U. S. Geological Survey map covering Greylock, Mass.-Vt., quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for channel improvements, for a distance of approximately 2.2 miles, with floodwalls on both banks of the stream from high ground below Plunkett Dam to a proposed weir above Commercial Street; a concrete paved chute or flume from this weir to a proposed stilling basin above the mouth of the Tophet Brook and below Hoosac Street; an improved earth channel with floodwalls, earth levees, a closure levee and structure and two check dams from the mouth of Tophet Brook to Lime Street; and a concrete chute drop structure and stilling basin on Tophet Brook from Hoosac Street to junction with Hoosic River. Other work appurtenant to the project involves alteration of existing raceways, bridge reconstruction, street and utility re- locations, and channel improvement of tributary brooks. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $5,580,000, exclusive of land and other work to be provided by local interests at an estimated cost of $647,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 182, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will insure against future encroachments upon the flood channels to be provided by the improvements. General assurances of local cooperation in the entire project were ex- ecuted by the Board of Selectmen, town of Adams, on Novem- ber 22, 1949. The assurances were approved on January 31, 1950. In accordance with a law enacted by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1950, the State Department of Public Works on November 21, 1950, furnished general assurances of local co- operation on the part of the State in the project, with the excep- tion of operation and maintenance of the project in the town of Adams which remains a responsibility of the town under assur- ances previously furnished by the town of Adams. Lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the first and second units of construction were acquired by local interests on March 29, 1950, and March 27, 1952, respectively. Requisition of lands, easements and rights-of-way for the third unit of construction is in progress. Local interests are engaged in preliminary work to acquire lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the fourth and fifth units of con- struction. The sum of $11,200 was contributed by local interests on June 1, 1950, for local utility relocation and bridge abutments accomplished under the first unit of construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. Contract plans and 152 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 specifications for the third unit of construction involving channel excavation and concrete walls from the downstream end of the first unit for a distance of about 800 feet were completed during the fiscal year. Model tests for the fourth unit of construction involving channel excavation and concrete chute from below Hoosac Street to the upstream limit of the project were in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The cost for preliminary engineering was $45,070 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced on June 23, 1950, and is about 17 percent complete. The first unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation and paving, construction of a drop structure and still- ing basin and concrete walls in the middle portion of the project downstream from Hoosac Street and Tophet Brook from its mouth to Mill Street, was completed April 3, 1952. The second unit of construction, consisting of channel excavation and paving and construction of concrete walls on Tophet Brook from Mill Street to Hoosac Street, was completed on November 20, 1952. Prepara- tion of plans and specifications, model studies, and the construction of protective works for the remainder of the project remain to be done. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, ex- clusive of $10,725 contributed funds, was $853,484 for new work. Cost and financial stonmar!i UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_-------- $350, 000 $245, 000 $225, 000 (1) (1)844, 000 Cost................ 35, 146 376, 180 213, 447 160, 2.50 45, 070 853, 484 1 Exclusive of $20,000 borrowed. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ............... 8--9,484 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........... 560,000 Unobligated balances available for suicceeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-.......................... ............................... . ..................... 550,516 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-.. .. ........... ........... ................. 4 ,176 ,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Contributed---------......... ----------- $11, 200 -------------------------------- .$11, 200 Cost--------------------------- 35 - - $10,366-----10, 72----------10,725 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954................... $475 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, ........ ............. ..... ............ 1955......................... ............. 475 FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 15' 33. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete' for- maintenance 1. Bennington, Hoosic River Basin, Vt-------.... 1941 __- ___ _-.. -. --. $1, 450, 000 2. East Barre Reservoir Winooski River Basin, ---------------------------------- Vt...... 1951 $82,901 ---------- 3, 527,100 3. Lamoille River, Vt. 1939 ----__..................______... 49,837 --------....... 153,200 4. Proctor, Otter Creek Basin, Vt-----.........__1937 -_____-__-____--__---- -- __- 4 119, 000 5. Rutland, Otter Creek, Vt----------..........--..--_ 1952 82, 388 -____------- 4, 257, 600 6. Waterbury Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt.---....------------------------ 1951 9, 253 5 $1, 494 780, 700 7. Waterbury, Winooski River Basin, Vt___--_ 1951 _______-___ _-_-_- -1 3, 300, 000 8. Waterford, Hudson and Mohawk Rivers, N. Y. ...--------------------------- 1939 ....-------- 1------------- 1, 720,000 9. WR. Winooski River, Vt---------------------- 1940 4, 897, 427 1 (7) 10. Wrightsville Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt....-----------------------------1951 44, 640 - 2, 505, 400 1 Revised in 1954. 2 Unit of project completed. Includes $23,507 Emergency Relief funds. 4Completion not desired by local interests. ' Costs incurred in fiscal year 1954, for scheduling of reservoir operations and preparing charts of monthly reservoir regulation. ' Awaiting local cooperation. ? Completed. 34. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. During the fiscal year the total cost for examinations and surveys was $147,708, excluding $26,467 contributed funds for beach erosion studies. The examination and survey costs include $865 for navigation studies, $26,667 for beach erosion cooperative studies, and $120,176 for special studies (New England-New York Resources Survey). The total expenditures for general investigations were $145,065 for examinations and surveys ($120,176 for the NENYIAC survey, $865 for navigation studies and $24,024 for beach erosion coopera- tive studies). The unexpended balance at the end of the fiscal year in the amount of $18,529, exclusive of $41 unexpended contributed funds for beach erosion cooperative study, will be applied as follows: Navigation studies ......................... $725 Beach erosion cooperative study ............... 41 NENYIAC resources study .................. 17,763 Total .................................. $18,529 The additional sum of $262,000, including $246,000 for NENYIAC resources study and $16,000 for navigation studies, can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. During the fiscal year the total costs for collection and study of basic data were $2,927. The costs include $756 for flood emergency studies and $2,171 for flood investigations. The total expenditures for collection and study of basic data were $2,927. 154 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The unexpended balance of $73 at the end of the fiscal year will be applied to collection and study of basic data. The work performed during the fiscal year in connection with the collection and study of basic data included the revision of the District Flood Emergency Manual and the collection and analysis of flood information at locations where formal reports have not been specifically directed by Congress. 35. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Inspections of completed local flood control works are per- formed periodically to determine the extent of compliance by local interests with the requirements for operation and main- tenance. During the fiscal year inspections were made of the completed works at Adams, Mass.; East Barre Reservoir, Vt.; Hoosick Falls, N. Y.; Montpelier Dam, Montpelier, Vt.; North Adams, Mass.; Waterbury Reservoir, Vt.; and Wrightsville Res- ervoir, Vt. Responsible local officials were advised of deficiencies in operation and maintenance and corrective measures have been proposed. The cost during the fiscal year was $300 for maintenance. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,100 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated... -------------------- $400 ------------ $400 $300 $1, 100 Cost....-------------- ------------------------ 386 414 300 1, 100 FLOOD CONTROL-NEW YORK, N. Y., DISTRICT 155 36. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control (section 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act) During the fiscal year the following work was performed: The contract initiated in fiscal year 1953 for snagging and clearing of Esopus Creek in the vicinity of Mt. Tremper and Shandaken, N. Y., was completed at a cost of $39,840; preparation of con- tract plans and specifications for snagging and clearing of Dock Hill Brook, N. Y., was initiated at a cost of $830; and contract plans and specifications for snagging and clearing of Pompton River, Passaic River Watershed, N. J., was initiated at a cost of $3,918. The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $44,588 for new work. The total costs for all snagging and clearing work to June 30, 1954, were $250,280 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------........ $89, 000 -$5, 677 $41, 366 $41,662 $49, 880 $301, 032 Oost---------------- 69, 271 39, 821 80, 585 10, 648 44, 588 250, 280 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ...........----------------- $50,702 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..........--...........----........................................---------------------------------------------.... 50,702 IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southeastern New York, eastern Pennsylvania, western and southern New Jersey, north- ern and southeastern Delaware, and a small part of northeast- ern Maryland embraced in the drainage basin of the Delaware Bay and River system and those basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from Manasquan River, N. J., inclusive, to the south boun- dary of Delaware. It also includes the Chesapeake and Dela- ware Canal and the approach channel thereto in Chesapeake Bay and Elk River, Md. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued 1. Delaware River between Phila- 12. Cold Spring Inlet, N. J .......---... 178 delphia, Pa., and Trenton, 13. Absecon Inlet, N. J-.................. 180 N . J ....-- ------------------------- 157 14. Tuckerton Creek, N. J............... 182 2. Delaware River, Pa., N. J., and 15. Barnegat Inlet, N. J......... 183 Del., Philadelphia, Pa., to 16. Manasquan River, N. J ........ 185 the se a -------------------................... 160 17. New Jersey Intracoastal Water- 3. Delaware River at Camden, way ..................... 187 N . J .........-........-.................... 164 18. Inactive navigation projects......--- 190 4. Schuylkill River above Fair- mount Dam, Pa..................... 165 Flood Control 5. Schuylkill River, Pa................ 166 6. Wilmington Harbor, Del ........... 168 19. Bear Creek Reservoir, Lehigh 7. Inland Waterway from Dela- River, Pa.. .......... . ... ............ . 190 ware River to Chesapeake 20. Allentown, Lehigh River, Pa..... 191 Bay, Del. and Md................. 171 21. Inactive flood control projects. 192 8. Murderkill River, Del ........ _.... 173 22. General Investigations .... 192 9. Indian River Inlet and Bay, 23. Inspection of completed proj- Del .................................... 174 e c t s . .. . .. .. . .. . .. .. . .. . . .......... 193 10. Cooper River, N. J.. .. .. .. _ 176 24. Flood control work under special 11. Mantua Creek, N. J .......--.. 177 authorization _....- .--- . 193 1. DELAWARE RIVER BETWEEN PHILADELPHIA, PA., AND TRENTON, N. J. Location. This river has its source in southeastern New York, flows in a general southerly direction 367 miles, forming the boundary line between the States of New York and New Jersey on the east and Pennsylvania and Delaware on the west, and empties into Delaware Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts Nos. 1218, 280, 294, 295, and 296.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872; March 3, 1875; June 14, 1880; July 5, 1884; August 18, 1894; March 2, 1907; June 25, 1910; July 25, 1912; June 5, 1920; and March 3, 1925. For further details see page 1778 of the Annual Report for 1915, page 311 of the Annual Report for 1924,1 page 220 of the Annual Report for 1934, and page 296, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 28 feet deep and 157 158 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 300 feet wide from Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, to the Penn- sylvania Railroad bridge at Delair; thence 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide to the upper end of the municipal marine terminal at Trenton, including a turning basin 500 feet wide and 1,700 feet long at the terminal; widening the 25-foot channel at bends above Delair; and the maintehance of a channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the upper end of the 25-foot channel to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Trenton, dredged under a pre- vious project. The project also provides for an auxiliary chan- nel 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide east of Burlington Island ex- tending easterly from the main channel to the upper end of the United States Pipe & Foundry Co.'s property at East Burling- ton, with a turning basin 450 feet wide at the upper end, an anchorage 22 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 400 feet long along its west or landward side and 800 feet long along the west side of the ship channel, opposite the mouth of Biles Creek, Pa., and for the initial excavation only, of a cross channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide through the artificial island opposite Delanco, N. J. The total length of the section included in the project is about 301/2 miles, excluding the auxiliary channel east of Bur- lington Island which is 1.4 miles long, and the cross channel opposite Delanco. The lower end is about 55 miles above the mouth of the river at Liston Point and about 105 miles above the harbor of refuge at the mouth of Delaware Bay. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at Trenton is 6.7 feet, an increase of 1.3 foot since the completion of the 25-foot channel. Freshets, which occur usually during February and March, attain a height of 9 to 20 feet above mean low water in the vicinity of Trenton. Navigation is occasionally suspended during a portion of the winter months on account of ice. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $5,248,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $15,000 contributed funds. The latest (1950) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $232,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930A channel 28 feet deep, 300 feet wide between Alle- Rivers and Harbors Committee gheny Ave., Philadelphia, Pa., and Delair bridge. Doec. 3, 71st Cong., 1st seas. Aug. 30, 19352 Deepening the channel to 25 feet from Delair bridge Rivers and Harbors Committee to Trenton, N. J., and for maintenance of the 12- Doc. 11, 73d Cong., 1st sess. foot channel from the upper end of the 25-foot proj- ect to Pennsylvania RR. bridge at Ferry St., Trenton. Do . Auxiliary channel, 20 feet deep, east of Burlington Rivers and Harbors Committee Island. Doc. 66, 74th Cong., 1st sess.l Aug. 26, 1937 A cross channel 8 feet deep, opposite Delanco, N. J.... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 90, 74th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Anchorage at mouth of Biles Creek.....--------------.... H. Doc. 679, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 1 2Contains latest published maps. Also Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933, and Emergency Relief Administration, May 28, 1935. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 159 Recommended modifications of project. Under date of Novem- ber 18, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modifica- tion of the existing project so as to provide for enlarging the existing channel from Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Delair, New Jersey, a distance of 1.5 miles, to a depth of 42 feet in rock and 40 feet in other material and a width of 400 feet, including relocation of the channel at the railroad bridge and suitable reconstruction of the bridge; for enlarging the existing channel from the railroad bridge at Delair to the upstream end of Newbold Island, a dis- tance of 22 miles, to a depth of 42 feet in rock and 40 feet in other material and a width of 400 feet in the straight reaches with suitable widening at bends; for deepening the existing chan- nel from the upstream end of Newbold Island to the Trenton Marine Terminal, including the turning basin, a distance of 5.5 miles, to 35 feet and widening the turning basin to 800 feet; for constructing such bank protection works as may be necessary and for eliminating the authorized anchorage near the mouth of Biles Creek, Pennsylvania, all at an estimated cost to the United States of $86,899,000 for construction and $759,600 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. (H. Doc. No. 358, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable areas for disposal of dredged material during maintenance as and when needed. Terminal facilities. There are 22 piers, wharves, and docks within the improvement, exclusive of those within limits of city of Philadelphia. The facilities are considered adequate for ex- isting commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 9- Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Under maintenance, an adjustment was made to a contract for removal of shoals in the 35-foot channel, completed the previous fiscal year, in the amount of $3,853. Other maintenance costs were: miscellaneous engineering, surveys, and channel examinations, $6,608, installa- tion and operation of tide gage stations, $2,191, and miscella- neous inspections and reports, $2,077, a total of $10,876. The cost for all work was $14,729 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 99 percent complete. The channel between Philadelphia and Trenton, including the channel east of Burlington Island, was completed in 1937, and the cross channel opposite Delanco in 1939. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of the anchorage at the mouth of Biles Creek. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: Sig 6-159-190 160 REPORT OF CHIEF OF EINGINEERS. U. S. ARMY. 1954 Minimum depth Project Date Section depth Left Mid- Right (feet) outside channel for outside quarter half project quarter width (feet) width (feet) (feet) March 1953 Allegheny Ave. to Delair bridge .. 28 28. 0 27. 8 27. 3 August 1953 Delair bridge to Newbold Island ..- - 25 21.7 22. 3 23.8 Sept. 1953 Newbold Island to Trenton Marine Terminal .____ _ __---------------- 25 10.0 11.2 11.3 Sept. 1953 Trenton Marine Terminal to Pennsyl- vania Railroad bridge_- 12 8.2 9.2 9.2 April 1951 Channel east of Burlington Island... 20 8.0 16.7 6. 5 The total costs under the existing project were as follows: Public works Emergency Regular Total funds relief funds funds New work ______________________ $2, 189, 956 $2, 636, 456 $363, 405 $5, 189, 817 Maintenance ------- _ 1----- 1, 740, 710 1, 740, 710 Total__. __________ $2, 189, 956 $2, 636, 456 $2, 104, 115 $6, 930, 527 In addition, $15,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. Deferred charges, undistributed, for the amortization of the costs of disposal areas amount to $141,219. Cost and financial srmmnar!l Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 f 1954 ing fiscal years prior to 1950 New work: A ppropriatedCs -_ - ------------ ------------ ------------- _- 1$7,678,991 Cost....... .... - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ 7, 678, 991 Maintenance: Appropriated _ $145, 000 (.-$25, 000 $149, 319 $687,500 -$125 2, 435, 157 Cost. . __ 36, 317 80, 226 12, 624 672, 270 2 14, 292 22, 434, 218 1 In addition, $15,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of $431 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project............. ........................................ $58,200 2. DELAWARE RIVER, PA., N. J., AND DEL., PHILADELPHIA, PA. TO THE SEA Location. See page 157, also United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1218, 294, 295, and 280. Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836; March 3, 1873; March 3, 1875; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and March 3, 1899. For fur- ther details, see page 1779 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 299, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 37 feet deep from Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa., to the Philadelphia Navy Yard, thence 40 feet to deep water in Delaware Bay, 800 feet wide in the straight reaches from Allegheny Avenue to a point in Delaware Bay near Ship John Light, thence 1,000 feet wide to deep water in Delaware Bay, with 1,200 feet width at RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 161 Bulkhead bar and 1,000 feet width at other bends and in Phila- delphia Harbor; for an anchorage at Port Richmond 37 feet deep and about 6,400 feet long; for an anchorage at Gloucester 30 feet deep and about 3,500 feet long; for an anchorage in the vicinity of Mantua Creek 37 feet deep, 1,400 feet wide, and hav- ing a mean length of 11,600 feet; and for an anchorage at Marcus Hook 37 feet deep, 1,400 feet wide, and having a mean length of 10,500 feet. It also provides for the construction of dikes and training works for the regulation and control of the tidal flow; for straightening the channel and extending the 1,000-foot width from Philadelphia Harbor to Horseshoe Bend; and for the main- tenance of an area on the north side of the channel opposite the Philadelphia Navy Yard between Shipway 3 and Schuylkill River to a depth of 40 feet and a width of 150 feet on Mifflin Range and 200 feet on West Horseshoe Range, and of any areas dredged by local interests to a depth of 35 feet between the chan- nel and a line 100 feet channelward of the pierhead line between Point House wharf and the Philadelphia Navy Yard, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such areas are so located as to be of benefit to general navigation. The total length of the section included in the project is about 96.5 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at various points on the river and bay is as follows: Philadelphia, Pa., 6.0 feet; Chester, Pa., 5.7 feet; New Castle, Del., 5.5 feet; Liston Point, Del., 5.8 feet; and Lewes, Del., 4.1 feet. Under the influence of heavy and long-continued winds the extreme tidal range is about 14 feet. The normal maximum velocity of tidal currents in the dredged channel varies between 2 and 31/2 miles per hour. Storm tides may increase the maximum to as much as 41/2 miles per hour. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $34,184,- 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $6,165,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 35 feet deep from Allegheny Ave., Phila- H. Doc. 733, 61st Cong., 2d sess. delphia, Pa., to Delaware Bay. July 3,1930 Anchorages 35 feet deep at Port Richmond and H. Doe. 304, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Mantua Creek, a 30-foot anchorage at Gloucester, N. J., and extending the 1,000-foot channel width in Philadelphia Harbor to Horseshoe Bend. Aug. 30, 19352 An anchorage 35 feet deep at Marcus Hook, Pa-...... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 5, 73d Cong., 1st sess. June 20,1938 A channel 37 feet deep from Philadelphia-Camden S. Doc. 159, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' Bridge to the navy yard, thence 40 feet deep to deep water in Delaware Bay. Mar. 2, 1945 A 37-foot depth in channel from Allegheny Ave., H. Doc. 580, 76th Cong., 3d sess.' Philadelphia, Pa., to Philadelphia-Camden Bridge and in the anchorage at Port Richmond. Do-....... A 37-foot depth in and enlargement of anchorages H. Doc. 340, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' near Mantua Creek and Marcus Hook. Do....... Maintenance of enlarged channel opposite Philadel- Specified in act. phia Navy Yard. - SContains latest published maps. 2 Also Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 162 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. I. S. ARMY, 1954 Recommended modifications of project. Under date of Novem- ber 18, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project so as to provide for deepening the chan- nel from the Philadelphia Naval Base to Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, a distance of 8.5 miles. to 42 feet in rock and 40 feet in other material, with a width of 500 feet through Horse- shoe Bend and 400 feet through Philadelphia harbor to Alle- gheny Avenue, at an estimated cost to the United States of $4,490,000 for construction with no additional cost for mainte- nance, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation (H. Doc. No. 358, 83d. Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, imposes the condition that the cities of Philadelphia and Camden shall agree to dredge not less than 110,000 cubic yards annually in maintaining the channel and anchorages in Philadelphia Har- bor between Allegheny Avenue and the mouth of Schuylkill River. This condition will become effective after completion of initial dredging of the 40- and 37-foot channels below the Phila- delphia-Camden Bridge. Terminal facilities. There are 244 wharves on the river be- tween Allegheny Avenue, Philadelphia, and the sea, 188 located on the waterfront of Philadelphia, Camden, and Gloucester and 55 below Philadelphia. Eight are owned by the United States, 5 by the States of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, 28 by munici- palities, 78 by railroad companies, and 125 by private interests. The public and railroad piers are open to public use, some free and others on payment of charges. Most of the piers which are equipped to handle general cargo have direct rail connections with three railroad systems operating in the area. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series Nos. 7 and 9-Revised, 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: A contract for maintenance dredging in Port Richmond Anchorage was awarded May 27, 1954. To the end of the fiscal year only preliminary work had been done. The costs were $823. Maintenance, hired labor: Dredging in the 40-foot channel was in progress throughout the year. A total of 8,207,934 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed by U.S. hop- per dredges Comber, Essayons, Gerig, Goethals, and Langfitt, of which 3,868,566 cubic yards were rehandled by U. S. pipeline dredge Gillespie and 4,339,368 cubic yards were deposited outside the channel limits. The costs were $2,578,341. Other hired labor costs were: Miscellaneous engineering, sur- veys, and channel examinations, $89,868; model studies of shoal- ing in Delaware River, $3,840, and studies of tidal flushing in estuaries, $9,919, both by Waterways Experiment Station, Vicks- burg, Miss.; and miscellaneous inspections and reports, $19,809; a total of $123,437. Deferred charges amounting to $89,316, for maintenance of disposal areas, were incurred, and $145,015 was charged off to hopper dredging, making a net reduction of $55,699 in deferred account. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 163 The amount of $10,000 was received during the fiscal year in settlement of a Government claim for damages to Pea Patch Island Dike caused by collision. The cost of all work was $2,636,903 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 82 percent complete. The 40-foot channel from Philadelphia Navy Yard to the sea was completed in 1942. The enlarging and deepening of Marcus Hook Anchorage was completed in 1947. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the deepening and enlarging of Mantua Creek Anchorage, and the deepening of the channel from Allegheny Avenue to the Phila- delphia Navy Yard, including Port Richmond Anchorage, from 35 feet to 37 feet. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, available to navigation as follows: Miinimum depth Project Date Section depth Left Left Right Right (feet) outside inside inside outside quarter quarter uarter qquarter uarter (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) April 1954__ Allegheny Ave. to Philadelphia- Camden iridge .... .. .. 8.... 37 33. 2 27.7 29. 3 25. 8 April 1954_ Philadelphia-Camden IBridge to Navy Yard 37 32. 4 35. 2 33. 6 33. 2 June 1954---. Philadelphia NavyYard-l to the Sea 40 34. 2 36. 5 36. 8 35. 3 The costs under the existing project were as follows: Public works Regular 'ital funds funds New work I $813, 046 $27, 647, 563 $28, 460, 609 Maintenance 68, 589, 117 68, 589, 117 Total------- 813, 046 96, 236, 680 '07,049, 726 Deferred charges, undistributed, for the amortization of the costs of disposal areas, amount to $1,011,107. ('Co. and na rial .CUwnry Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, a includ- ing fiscal year 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .-- 41, 436, 666 Cost _ 415,436, 666 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ $3, 705, 411 $4, 133, 849 $3, 905, 449 $1, 823, 156 $3, 036, 350, 71, 092, 101 Cost_ ___ 3, 679, 898 3,178, 964 3, 941,639 1, 647, 540 22, 661, 795 270, 650, 525 1Includes $12,976,058 for new work and $1,025,409 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of-$24,892 not included, Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_ $5 ,723,400 164 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 3. DELAWARE RIVER AT CAMDEN, N. J. Location. Camden, N. J., is located on the east bank of the Delaware River, directly opposite the city of Philadelphia, Pa. It is about 51 miles above the mouth of the river and about 101 miles above the harbor of refuge at the mouth of Delaware Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 295 and 280.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. No work was done on this project. For further details, see page 321, Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for dredging in front of Cam- den to a depth of 18 feet from that depth north of Cooper Point to Berkley Street and 30 feet from the latter point to Newton Creek, with the depth increased to 37 feet in front of the Camden marine terminals, these depths extending from the ship channel in Dela- ware River to a line parallel with and 50 feet distant from the established pierhead line, and the 37-foot depth in front of the Camden marine terminals extending about 2,900 feet along the inshore side and about 5,100 feet along the ship channel. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The distance from Cooper Point to Berkley Street is about 1.5 miles, and from Berkley Street to Newton Creek is about 2.5 miles. The lower end of the project is about 99 miles above the harbor of refuge at the mouth of Delaware Bay. The mean tidal range is 6.0 feet and the extreme tidal range un- der the influence of prolonged heavy winds is about 14 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,155,000, exclusive of $15,000 contributed funds. The latest (1950) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $60,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 A depth of 30 feet from Newton Creek to Kaighn H. Doc. 1120, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Point, thence 18 feet to Cooper Point. July 3, 1930 Extending the 30-foot depth upstream to Berkley H. Doc. 111, 70th Cong., 1st sess. St. terminal. Mar. 2, 1945 A depth of 37 feet in front of the Camden marine H. Doc. 353, 77th Cong., 1st sess. terminals. 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 60 piers, wharves, and docks along the Delaware River waterfront at Camden, including 3 oil terminals on Pettys Island. Two are modern terminals designed for overseas and domestic general cargo, and are open to all car- riers on equal terms. They are the Beckett Street terminal, owned by the South Jersey port district, and the Spruce Street municipal pier, owned by the city of Camden. The piers have direct railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (Fol further details, see Port Series No. 7-Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Under maintenance, surveys and channel examinations were made. The costs were $2,070. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 165 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 55 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the deep- ening of the area in front of the Camden Marine Terminal from 30 feet to 37 feet. The latest examination (April 1954) indicates that project depths are well maintained in the completed portion of the project except near Cooper Point at the northerly end, and that the minimum depth in the 37-foot project depth area in front of the terminal is 27.1 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $15,000 con- tributed funds expended for new work, were $462,906 for new work and $234,815 for maintenance, a total of $697,721. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work Appropriated __ - - I _- _ i _1 $462,906 Cost.- - .- .. ......- _-.. ... .... ... ._-_ _ .. ... 462,906 Maintenance: Appropriated--------- $22, 000 $-20, 000 $-700 $46, 300 2"$1, 878... - 234, 816 Cost_ - - 363 923 739 44, 287 ' 234, 623 1 In addition $15,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 2 Pending adjustments in the amount of $193 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project.......--------------------------........ $692,100 4. SCHUYLKILL RIVER ABOVE FAIRMOUNT DAM, PA. Location. Schuylkill River has its source in Schuylkill County, Pa., and flows southeasterly 150 miles to the Delaware River at Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheets of Pennsylvania.) Existing project. This provides for the improvement of the Schuylkill River above Fairmount Dam in the interest of naviga- tion and other purposes by the removal of culm deposits from the pools formed by Plymouth Dam, Flat Rock Dam, and Fairmount Dam. The estimate of cost for this work, revised in 1954, is $4,589,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 529, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest pub- lished maps are contained in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work, contract: Preliminary work, including preparation of disposal area, laying of pipeline, and assembling of dredges was completed. Dredging to remove culm from Fairmount Pool commenced April 8, 1954, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 1,730,000 cubic yards, place measurement, of material was reported removed. The work is about 57 percent completed. The costs were $1,886,668. An adjustment was made to a contract for the removal of culm from Plymouth and Flat Rock pools, completed in fiscal year 1953, in the amount of $28,378. The cost of all work was $1,858,290 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 166 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 52 percent complete. Construction of disposal areas for culm to be removed from Plymouth and Flat Rock Pools and removal of culm from Plymouth and Flat Rock Pools have been completed. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the removal of culm from Fairmount Pool. The costs under the project were $3,073,531 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- $365, 000 _ 1,900, 000 $994, 000 $500, 000 $3, 794, 000 Cost_ 42, 476 $310, 786 14, 334 823, 599 11, 858, 590 '3, 073, 831 SPending adjustment in the amount of -$300 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954___ $77,188 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.............. 795,000 5. SCHUYLKILL RIVER, PA. Location. This river has its source in Schuylkill County, Pa., flows in a general southeasterly direction 150 miles, and empties into the Delaware River at Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 295 and 280.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and modified April 26, 1892. (For further details, see page 325, Annual Report for 1932.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 33 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Delaware River to the mouth and within the river to 29th Street, three-fourths mile above the mouth; thence the same depth and 300 feet wide to Passyunk Avenue Bridge, 31/2 miles above the mouth; thence 26 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Gibsons Point, 41/2 miles above the mouth; and thence 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide to University Avenue Bridge, 6 miles above the mouth, including widening at bends. The total length of the sec- tion included in the project is about 61/~ miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.9 feet and at Grays Ferry Bridge about one-half mile below University Avenue Bridge, 6.4 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to freshets and prolonged heavy winds, is about 14 feet. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $2,805,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $966,000, in addition to $1,300,000 required to restore project depth below Passyunk Avenue Bridge as provided by the River and Har- bor Act of July 3, 1930, and $1,036,000 for the restoration of proj- ect depths above Passyunk Avenue Bridge as provided by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 167 Acts Work authorized i)ocuments Aug. 8, 1917 Depths of 35 feet from mouth to Girard Point, thence H. Doc. 1270, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 30 feet, 26 feet, and 22 feet to University Ave. Bridge, Philadelphia. July 3, 1930 A depth of 30 feet instead of 35 feet between the mouth Rivers and Harbors Committee t and Girard Point, and the conditional restoration Doec. 40, 71st Cong., 2d sess. and maintenance of the channel below Passyunk Ave., by the United States. 1 July 24, 1946 A depth of 33 feet from the channel in Delaware Riv- H. T)oc. 699, 79th Con., 2d sess. er to Passyunk Ave., restoration of the project channel dimensions between Passyunk Ave., and University Ave., and full maintenance of the entire project. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, imposed the condition that the city of Philadelphia agree to remove 60,000 cubic yards (place measurement) of material annually from that portion or those portions of the project which the District En- gineer may designate until such time as adequate municipal sew- age-treatment works are constructed and placed in effective opera- tion. This condition is being satisfactorily complied with. All other requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 43 wharves located within the limits of the improvement. These terminals are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 7-Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Dredging in the channel between Passyunk Avenue and University Avenue bridges was commenced February 17 and com- pleted April 27, 1954. There were removed 395,280 cubic yards, place measurement, of material at a cost of $340,158. Maintenance, hired labor: Dredging in the 33-foot channel be- tween Delaware River and Passyunk Avenue bridge by the U. S. hopper dredge Comber was in progress from July 1 to August 14, 1953. There were removed 143,224 cubic yards, place measure- ment, of material. The costs, including rehandling with a United States pipeline dredge, were $196,693. Other costs were: Miscellaneous engineering, surveys, and chan- nel examinations, $13,368, and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports, $4,387, a total of $17,755. The cost of all work was $554,606 for maintenance. In compliance with local cooperation requirements, the city of Philadelphia dredged a total of 16,280 cubic yards of material from the channel during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 98 percent complete. The 33-foot channel from Delaware River to Passyunk Avenue Bridge was completed in 1949. The work re- maining to be done is the removal of a few rock shoals above Passyunk Avenue Bridge. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, available to navigation as follows: 168 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Minimum depths Project Date Section depth Left Mid- Right (feet) outside channel for outside quarter half project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) May 1954..... Delaware River to 29th St .......... 33 22. 9 28. 4 26. 2 Do-........29th St. to Passyunk Ave._ 33 23. 0 26. 6 23. 3 June 1954......Passyunk Avenue to Gibson Pt.... 26 22. 7 21. 8 21.5 Do........ Gibson Pt. to University Avenue .. 22 12. 1 14. 1 11. 0 The costs under the existing project were $2,753,038 for new work and $10,048,108 for maintenance, a total of $12,801,146. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,1 includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_ _. $--97, 963 $3, 278, 038 Cost......---------..... 70, 487--------------------------- ------------ 3, 278,038 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ 125, 078 $926, 000 $404, 643 $885, 070 $329, 000 10, 079, 905 Cost.......... ------ 261, 249 914, 824 421, 246 627, 771 2 553, 086 10, 046, 589 1 Includes $525,000 for new work and $0 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of $1,520 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project...........-........................... $52,000 6. WILMINGTON HARBOR, DEL. Location.This harbor is formed by Christina River, which rises in New Castle County, Del., flows northeasterly 16' miles, passing through the city of Wilmington, Del., and empties into Delaware River about 29 miles below Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 294.) Previous projects. Work was done on Christina River from 1836 to 1838. The original project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, and July 5, 1884. For further details, see page 1785 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 308 of Annual Re- port for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Delaware River to the mouth of Christina River and within the river to Lobdell Canal, three-fourths mile above the mouth; thence 21 feet deep and 250 feet wide to the mouth of Brandywine River, 11/ miles above the mouth; thence the same depth and 200 feet wide to the pulp works, 33/4 miles above the mouth; thence decreasing to a depth of 10 feet in 750 feet to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge No. 4; and thence 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Newport, 9 miles above the mouth, including an inner basin 30 feet deep formed by widening the channel to an average width of 600 feet and extending upstream from the mouth to Lobdell Canal. It also provides for the removal of about 1,200 feet of the outer end of a stone-filled, pile- and timber-crib jetty constructed 2,150 feet long on the north side of the entrance; for RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 169 a steel-sheet pile jetty 2,300 feet long, with 120-foot inshore wing, on the south side of the entrance, and for a V-shaped stone-filled pile and timber jetty at the mouth of Brandywine River, 430 feet long on the Brandywine side and 260 feet long on the Christina side. The total length of the section included in the project is about 91/2 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.6 feet, and at Newport 3.9 feet. The extreme tidal range due to prolonged heavy winds is about 13 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,287,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 1Depths of 21, 10, and 7 feet and jetties__ _ (fH. Doc. 66, 54th Cong,. 1st sess.; Mar. 3,1899 J Annual Report, 1896, p. 973; An- M nual Report, 1897, p. 1250.1 July 25, 1912 Purchase or construction of a dredge and auxiliaries, H. Doc. 359, 62d Cong., 2d sess. including a wharf and depot, and maintenance of the project. Sept. 22, 1922 1 Entrance channel and basin with 25-foot depth and (H. Doc. 114, 67th Cong., 1st sess., Mar. 3, 1925 construction by local interests of the new south and Senate committee print, 68th J jetty. Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 A 30-foot depth between Delaware River and the Rivers and Harbors Committee Lobdell Canal and modification or removal of a Doc. 20, 71st Cong., 2d sess. portion of the north jetty. Aug. 30, 19352 Completion of the new south jetty by the United Rivers and Harbors Committee States; subject to the provision that the city of Doc. 32, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Wilmington shall reimburse the United States for the cost, without interest, of any part of the struc- ture that may subsequently be occupied and uti- lized for city activities. Oct. 17, 1940 Permit temporary occupancy by the city of Wil- H. Doc. 658, 76th Cong., 3d sess. mington of any part of the south jetty for city ac- tivities under revocable license, provided the occu- pied portion of the jetty is properly maintained without expense to the United States. 1 Contains latest published map. 2 Also May 28, 1935, under Emergency Relief Administration. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A modern marine terminal is located just inside the entrance to the harbor. This terminal is operated for the city of Wilmington by a board of harbor commissioners, and is open to all on equal terms. Railroad connection on the terminal wharf provides for direct interchange of freight between car and ship. There are 29 other wharves and landings within the Christina River which forms the harbor. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details, see Port Series No. 8-Revised 1947-Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing in the channel between Delaware River and Lobdell Canal was in progress at intervals during the fiscal year. There were re- moved 434,000 cubic yards, place measurement, of material by U.S. hopper dredges Gerig and Langfitt at a cost of $135,179, and 448,695 cubic yards, place measurement, of material by U.S. pipe- line dredge Gillespie at a cost of $144,277. Other maintenance costs were: Miscellaneous engineering, sur- veys, and channel examinations, $1,624; miscellaneous inspections 170 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 and reports, $651; and operation of a stream gage at White Clay Creek, near Newark, Del., in cooperation with United States Geological Survey, $311; a total of $2,586. The cost of all-work was $282,042 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 99 percent complete. The channel above Lobdell Canal and the V-shaped stone-filled pile and timber jetty at the mouth of the Brandywine River were completed in 1901. Removal of about 1,200 feet of the outer end of a stone-filled pile and timber jetty on the north side of the entrance was completed in 1931. The steel sheet-pile jetty, 2,300 feet long with a 120-foot inshore wing, on the south side of the entrance was completed in 1936. The harbor channel was completed to a width of 400 feet in 1931. The work remaining to be done is deepening the inner basin from 25 to 30 feet. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows Minimum depth Project Date Section depth Left Mid- Right (feet) outside channel for outside quarter half project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) June 1954-.----Delaware River to Lobdell Canal.... 30 27. 9 26. 4 24.0 July 1949------Lobdell Canal to Brandywine River_ 21 114. 2 Do --. Brandywine River to Market St ..__ 21 1____________ 15. 0 Do _...... Market St. to pulp works.........------------ 21 ---- 1 16. 0 Do........ Pulp works to Pennsylvania R.R. 10 - 1 6.0 . Bridge No. 4. Do_____ Pennsylvania R.R. Bridge No. 4 to 7 - 11 6. 1 Newport. 1 In 80 percent of project width. The costs under the existing project, excluding $60,000 con- tributed funds expended for maintenance, were as follows: Emergency Regular relief funds funds Total New work ........---- $206, 177 $924, 356 $1, 130, 533 M aintenance ... .. .. ...----- -- - ------- 7, 852, 622 7, 852, 622 Ta :a l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 776, 978 206, 177 8,983, 155 (o1 (and f/i1011(01 s walvylO!/ Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June , , , 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 prior to 19502 New work:. Appropriated ~~ -- - - ----~ ------ - -- - ----- - --- -- - - - - $1, 532, 654 Cost--....----- -- -- -- -------- ----- - ------ - - - - - 1, 532, 654 Maintenance: A pproprialtdd $340, 000 $475, 000 $264, 200 $396, 000 $297, 000 7,934, 477 (Cs 322, 869 489, 985 266, 781 329, 134 3 268, 976 S7, 839, 556 I Inl.ies $402,121 for new work for previous Ir3 oj(cts. ItsIn1 ition 1 $00,000 contri)buted funds were exi1pnd'.d for mai0tenance. S'(Prii: adjustlne(nt in the amount of $13,066(not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount ieedde to bIeaplro- priated for completion of existing project... __....._ __.__ . 156 ,500) RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 171 7. INLAND WATERWAY FROM DELAWARE RIVER TO CHESAPEAKE BAY, DEL. AND MD. Location. This waterway begins at Reedy Point on Delaware River, about 41 miles below Philadelphia, Pa., and passes through the sea level Chesapeake & Delaware Canal, a distance of 14 miles, to Back Creek, at Chesapeake City, Md. It then passes for 5 miles down Back Creek, thence 9 miles down Elk River to Chesapeake Bay and thence 18 miles down Chesapeake Bay to a point near Pooles Island. A branch channel connects Delaware River at Dela- ware City, Del., with the main channel at a point about 112 miles west of Reedy Point. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 294, 1226, 570, and 572.) Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, made appropriation for preliminary studies with a view to taking over the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919, provided for the purchase of the Chesapeake & Delaware Canal. The River and Harbor Acts of January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, provided for dredging in Back Creek, Md., and the construction of bridges and roadways. For further details, see Annual Report for 1934, page 242, and Annual Report for 1938, page 312. Existing project. This provides for a sea-level channel to ac- commodate vessels drawing 25 feet and having a depth of 27 feet and a width of 250 feet from Delaware River to Elk River and thence 400 feet wide down Elk River and Chesapeake Bay to deep water at or near Pooles Island; alteration of existing bridges over the canal; extension of the entrance jetties at Reedy Point; the enlargement of the anchorage and mooring basin in Back Creek to afford an area about 400 feet wide, 1,000 feet long, and 12 feet deep, including provision of sluice gates at the fixed highway bridge; dredging the Delaware City Branch Channel to a depth of 8 feet and a width of 50 feet; deepening the existing basin to the same depth; revetment of both banks east of Fifth Street Bridge; and construction of bulkheads. The project also provides for the construction of a four-lane high-level fixed highway bridge across the canal at or near St. Georges, Del., of such type, design, and clearance for navigation as are approved by the Chief of Engineers. The total length of the section included in the project, excluding the Delaware City Branch Channel, which is about 2 miles long, is about 46 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water in Delaware River. The mean tidal range at the Delaware River entrance is 5.4 feet and in Elk River at the mouth of Back Creek, 2.2 feet. The extreme tidal range is from 6.3 feet above mean high water to 3.0 feet below mean low water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $14,682,- 000. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $825,000, including $225,000 for operation and care of the waterway. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 201, 72d Cong., 1st sess., and Rivers and Harbors Committee Does. 18 and 24, 73d Cong., 2d sess.). The act approved August 7, 1939 (Public Law 310, 76th Cong., 172 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 1st sess.), authorized the construction of a four-lane high-level fixed highway bridge at or near St. Georges, Del. The latest published map of the canal is found in Rivers and Harbors Committee Document No. 24, 73d Congress, 2d session. Operation and care of the canal and appurtenant works were in- cluded in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of August 17, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project so as to provide for a depth of 35 feet over a bot- tom width of 450 feet in the main channel of the waterway, includ- ing a cut-off at the Pennsylvania Railroad crossing; a minimum radius of curvature of 7,000 feet at bends; a high-level, fixed bridge with vertical clearance of 135 feet and horizontal clearance of 600 feet at the railroad crossing over the cut-off, the bridge after completion to be owned and maintained by the railroad company; high-level bridges to replace the highway bridges at Summit and Reedy Point, with vertical clearances of 135 feet, horizontal clearances of 500 feet, four traffic lanes at Summit, and two traffic lanes at Reedy Point, provided that consideration shall be given at the, time of construction of the project to provision of more economical, alternative facilities to meet the needs of the Reedy Point area in lieu of the high-level bridge; an anchorage basin in Elk River 35 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide, with an aver- age length of 3,700 feet; and revetment of the banks as necessary, all at a cost to the United States of $96,000,000 for construction, and $410,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now re- quired. (S. Doc. 123, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Ample mooring facilities at the eastern and western ends of the canal and bulkheads at Delaware City and St. Georges have been constructed by the United States. A harbor for small boats has been provided and a wharf has been con- structed at Chesapeake City. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Repair of 10 tieup dolphins at Reedy Point was commenced June 7, 1954, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The costs were $185. Maintenance, hired labor: General operation of the waterway was continued throughout the year at a cost of $200,894. Opera- tion and maintenance of the bridges crossing the waterway was continued throughout the year at a cost of $119,894. Maintenance dredging by U.S. hopper dredge Gerig was in progress from Au- gust 26 to September 30, 1953, and from March 21 to April 30, 1954. A total of 733,319 cubic yards, place measurement, of ma- terial was removed at a cost of $220,966. Preliminary work in connection with stabilizing the piers of Summit Bridge was in progress during the fiscal year at a cost of $1,330. Other hired labor costs included: Maintenance and repairs to banks, $38,495; drainage of banks, $22,764; maintenance and re- pair of auxiliary works, $42,589; removal of obstructions and de- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 173 bris, $22,765; miscellaneous engineering, surveys, and channel examination, $25,783; and miscellaneous inspections and reports, $2,882, a total of $155,278. The cost of all work was $698,547 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was prac- tically complete. The 27-foot channel was completed in 1938 and the four-lane high-level fixed highway bridge at St. Georges in 1942. The work remaining to be done is deepening the Delaware City Branch Channel from 6 feet to 8 feet from a point 400 feet east of Fifth Street Bridge to its junction with the canal. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum depth Project Date Section depth Left Mid- Right (feet) outside channel for outside quarter half project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) June 1954 ...-- Delaware River to Elk River..-. .- 27 20. 5 23.0 20.5 April 1954....-- Elk River to Chesapeake Bay...... 27 21.0 20. 6 18. 3 Decentbr 1946 Delaware City Branch Channel_ 8 __----------- 1 1. 1 1 In 80 percent of project width. The total costs under the existing project were as follows: Emergency Regular relief funds funds Total New Work----......-- _---------------------------.. _ $4, 756, 248 $9, 788,338 $14, 544, 586 Maintenance....----- ---------- ----- ___ -------- -------- ... _ 13, 775,237 13, 775, 237 Operating and care-.....--------- ----------------------- ..-------------...... 6, 514, 588 6, 514, 588 Total .. ..----- .....-----------------------------------......... 4, 756, 248 30, 078, 164 34, 834, 412 Deferred charges, undistributed, for the amortization of the costs of disposal areas, amount to $424,469. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .- _ -- $2, 650 ------------------- ------------.------------ $25, 254, 341 -------------- Cost_ 16, 444 ....... .... .... .... 25,254,341 Maintenance: Appropriated .... 923, 000 -$130, 000 $1, 051, 130 $810, 000 $710, 000 27, 643, 395 Cost...------- ------. 1, 127,153 -25, 591 501,165 959, 820 2 698, 784 2 27, 618, 280 1 Includes $10,709,755 for new work and $6,903,748 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$237 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-----------------------..................................................... $137,400 8. MURDERKILL RIVER, DEL. Location. This river rises in Kent County, Del., flows north- easterly 19 miles through the county, and empties into Delaware 174 'REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY 1954 Bay about 25 miles above Cape Henlopen. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1218.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water, 150 feet wide in Delaware Bay to the mouth, and thence 80 feet wide to Frederica, 71, miles above the mouth. The total length of the section included in the project is about 81, miles. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 4.9 feet and at Frederica 2.5 feet. The extreme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 2 feet above mean high water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $124,900. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $7,800. This project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (H. Ex. Doc. 21, 52d Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1892, p. 981). The latest published map is in House Document No. 1058, 62d Congress, 3d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are a number of light timber wharves on both sides of the river near the mouth and two wharves at Frederica, all of which are privately owned. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under maintenance, surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $865. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 63 percent complete. A channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Delaware Bay to Frederica was completed in 1911. The work re- maining to be done is the widening of the channel to project width. The latest examinations show controlling depths at mean low water as follows: In June 1954, in Delaware Bay, to the mouth, 3.3 feet; and thence, in June 1945, to Frederica, 5.0 feet. The costs under the existing project were $37,630 for new work and $205,469 for maintenance, a total of $243,099. Co.st afd fnancial summrnnar Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, Includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated I $37, 630 Cost - i - 37, 630 Maintenance: Appropriated . . $-- 13, 000 $--2.291 $1, 083 $2. 500 207, 104 Cost 12, 164 - - - ............ i 1,083 1 1.0633 <206, 238 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of -$768 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- ---.. priated for completion of existing project ..................... . $86,400 9. INDIAN RIVER INLET AND BAY, DEL. Location. Indian River rises in Sussex County, Del., flows' est- erly 13 miles into Indian River Bay which is a shalllow lagoon 6 miles long and 2 miles wide on the Delaware Coast about mid- way between Cape Henlopen and the Maryland State line. The inlet is an opening through the barrier beach separating Indian RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 175 River Bay and the Atlantic Ocean. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 1219.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of Au- gust 2, 1882. For further details, see page 744, Annual Report for 1888. Existing project. This provides for the fixation of the inlet by the construction of two parallel jetties of steel sheet pile and stone design extending to approximately the 14-foot depth curve in the ocean, and for dredging an entrance channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide, for a distance of 7,000 feet inshore from the jetties; thence a channel 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide in the bay, and 80 feet wide in the river, to and including a turning basin 9 feet deep, 175 feet wide, and 300 feet long at Old Landing; thence a channel 4 feet deep and 60 feet wide to the highway bridge at Millsboro. The project also provides that the interior channel dimensions may, in the discretion of the Chief of Engi- neers, be modified as may be found desirable to increase the hydraulic efficiency of the channel, without increasing the cost. The total length of the section included in the project is about 33/ miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range in the ocean at the inlet is 3.8 feet, and at the highway bridge inside the inlet, 2.4 feet. The extreme tidal range at the highway bridge is about 6 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $511,210, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclu- sive of $210,000 contributed funds. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $36,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26), 1937 A 15-foot inlet channel, steel and stone jetties, 6-foot Rivers and Harbors Committee channel from end of inlet channel to deep water in Doc. 41, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' the bay and authority to modify interior inlet channel. Mar. 2, 1945 A 9-foot channel from inlet to Old Landing, includ- H. Doc. 330, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' ing basin, and 4-foot channel to highway bridge at Millsboro. 'Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable areas for disposal of dredged material during maintenance as and when needed, and provide terminal facilities. Terminal facilities. There is a privately owned basin with berthing facilities for small boats located about three-fourths mile west of the highway bridge near the inlet and one-quarter mile north of the inlet channel connected therewith by a channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide; a United States Coast Guard wharf on the north side of the inlet channel in the same locality; and two wharves at Oak Orchard in Indian River Bay. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under maintenance surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $3,674. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was corn- 176 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 pleted in 1951. A channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the ocean to a point 7,000 feet inshore from the ocean shoreline was completed in 1938. The construction of two parallel jetties spaced 500 feet apart, each 1,566 feet long with inshore end sec- tions of steel sheet pile construction reinforced with stone, the north jetty 904 feet long and the south jetty 890 feet long, and the outshore end sections of all stone construction, was com- pleted in 1939. The channel 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide in the bay and 80 feet wide in the river, to and including a turning basin 9 feet deep, 175 feet wide, and 300 feet long at Old Land- ing, thence a channel 4 feet deep and 60 feet wide to the highway bridge at Millsboro was completed in 1951. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were as follows: In June 1954, through the inlet to the entrance to the small boat harbor, 9.1 feet; thence, in June 1951, to Old Landing, 9.9 feet; and thence, in -February 1951 to Millsboro, 6.1 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $210,000 con- tributed funds expended for new work, were $511,210 for new work and $265,718 for maintenance, a total of $776,928. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to Junel __30, 19541, includ. ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19502 New work: Appropriated Cost... .------ $320, 000 $-75, 200 $-3, 709 _ $521, 210 24, 117 205, 686 11, 288 210 521, Maintenance: Appropriated_ _ 20, 000 _ 4, 863 $1, 000 $6, 000 268, 044 Cost----_ _______ 672 20, 000 4, 863 1, 000 t 4, 404 ' 266, 448 1 Includes $10,000 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $210,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. ' Pending adjustment in the amount of -$730 not included. 10. COOPER RIVER, N. J. Location. This river rises in Camden County, N. J., flows northwesterly 13 miles, passing through the northern part of the city of Camden, and empties into Delaware River opposite the central portion of Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 280 and 295.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 70 feet wide in Delaware River to the mouth and within the river to what was formerly Browning Chemical Works, 11/2 miles above the mouth. The total length of the section included in the project is about 18/4 miles. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 6 feet. The extreme tidal range is about 14 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $33,102. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $13,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896 (H. Doc. 176, 53d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Re- port for 1895, p. 1102 et seq.). The latest published map is in House Document 134, 63d Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 177 Terminal facilities. There are 10 wharves on the river, all in the city of Camden; 9 are privately owned and 1 is owned by the city. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Under maintenance, a survey and channel examination was made at a cost of $2,643. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1920. The latest examinations, in September 1953, show controlling depths at mean low water as follows: From Delaware River to Pennsylvania Railroad bridge, 9.8 feet; and thence to the upper end of the project, 8.6 feet. The costs under the existing project were $33,102 for new work and $235,988 for maintenance, a total of $269,090. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 _. Total to June _30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated...------------- .......... ------------------------ ------------------------ $33, 102 Cost . --- --------- ...---------- --------------------- ---------------- --------- 33,102 Maintenance: Appropriated..------_ $70, 000 $-2, 092 --------------------- $2, 643 235, 988 Cost.............----------------- 3, 701 64, 207 ----------------------- 2, 643 235, 988 11. MANTUA CREEK, N. J. Location. This creek rises in Gloucester County, N. J., flows northwesterly 161/2 miles and empties into Delaware River about 10 miles below Philadelphia, Pa. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 280 and 295). Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of Au- gust 2, 1882; and modified in 1889. For further details, see page 1784, Annual Report for 1915, and page 342, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 20 feet deep and 110 feet wide from that depth in Delaware River to the Grasselli chemical plant of E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., a distance of 5,400 feet; thence 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the plant of the Strathmann Sand & Gravel Co., 5,900 feet; thence 10 feet deep and 60 feet wide to Friars Landing, 2,000 feet; and thence 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide to Parkers Landing near Mount Royal, 2 miles; a dredged cutoff 3 feet deep and 50 feet wide across a bend in the creek 9,000 feet above Mount Royal; and twin jetties at the mouth of the creek. The section of the creek included in the exist- ing project extends from Delaware River upstream 7 miles to 1 mile below the town of Mantua. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 5.9 feet; at Paulsboro, 5 feet; at Mount Royal, 4.6 feet; and at Mantua, 3.5 feet. The extreme tidal range is about 10 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $166,687, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,800. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 178 RE'ORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 Acts i Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 A channel of 12-foot, 8-foot, and 7-foot depth to Park- H. Doec. 123, 55th Cong., 2d sess. ers Landing, cutoff above Mount Royal, and jetties Annual Report 1898, p. 1122.1 at mouth. Mar. 2, 1907 A dike across old mouth. - Specified in act. Aug. 30, 1935 A channel of 12-foot and 10-foot depth to Friars Rivers and Harbors Committee Landing. Doc. 14, 73d Cong., 1st sess.' June 20, 1938 A channel of 20-foot depth to the Grasselli chemical H. Doc. 505, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' plant. These documents and H. Doc. 523, 61st Cong., 2d sess., contain the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable spoil disposal areas for main- tenance as required. Terminal facilities. There are nine wharves of pile and timber construction on this stream. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under maintenance, a survey and channel examination was made at a cost of $482. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940. The jetties at the mouth were completed in 1913 and the channel dredging in 1940. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were as follows: In September 1953, from Dela- ware River to I. P. Thomas and Son Co. wharf, 12.0 feet; thence, in December 1948 to Grasselli Chemical Plant, 10.3 feet; thence, in June, 1945, to the highway bridge at Paulsboro, 11.1 feet; thence, in April 1942, to Friars Landing, 11.5 feet; thence to Parkers Landing, 6.5 feet; and thence to Mantua, 0.5 foot. The costs under the existing project were $166,687 for new work and $183,825 for maintenance, a total of $350,512. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: A p prop riated . . . . . - $169, 687 169, 687 CostCt------------ -- ------------ ------------------- ---- ------------ ----- 6,8 Maintenance: Appropriated _ . $-(000 $- 6, 291 482 183, 825 C ost..----- - ----- j 2,111 56, 598 i__________ . --.....--. . 482 183, 825 I Includes $3,000 for new work for previous projects. 12. COLD SPRING INLET, N. J. Location. This inlet is located in Cape May County, southern New Jersey, about 3 miles east of Cape May City and about 16 miles northeast of Delaware Breakwater. The inlet connects Cape May Harbor and New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway with the Atlantic Ocean and is about 1 mile in length. ( See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey charts Nos. 234, 827, and 1219.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 25 feet deep and 400 feet wide, protected by two parallel jetties, and extending from the 25-foot depth curve in the Atlantic Ocean to a RIVERS AND HARBORS--PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 179 line 500 feet harborward of a line joining the inner ends of the jetties; thence 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide to deep water in Cape May Harbor. The total length of the section included in the project is about 21/4 miles. The mean tidal range at the inner ends of the jetties is 4.3 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to ocean storms, is about 11 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $879,275, exclusive of $100,000 contributed by local interests and $50,000 Navy Department funds. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $48,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents M ar. 2, 1907 An inlet channel 25 feet deep and jetties - H. Doc. 388, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1945 A 20-foot channel to deep water in harbor ....----------H. Doc. 262, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' IThis document and Annual Report for 1911, p. 1382, contain the latest published maps. Local cooperation. All cooperation required under the act of 1907 has been completed, except the work of deepening and en- larging the inner harbor, which is 80 percent complete. Terminal facilities. Wharves with docking facilities for com- mercial fishing vessels and fishing party boats are located on the inner end of the harbor at Cape May. There is also a well- equipped marine railway adjoining the fish dock, a number of small wharves for private craft and party boats, and a yacht basin with accommodations for about 50 boats. North of the inlet chan- nel at Wildwood Crest is another large well-equipped wharf for commercial fishing boats. Both fish docks have direct railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing in the channel between the jetties by the U.S. hopper dredge Lyman was in progress from January 2 to January 20, 1954. A total of 95,491 cubic yards of material, place measurement, was removed at a cost of $41,668. Surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $430. The cost of all work was $42,098 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1942. The jetties were completed in 1911 and the 25-foot channel between the jetties in 1917. The 20-foot channel in the harbor was completed in 1942 with Navy Department funds. The jetties are spaced 850 feet apart. The east jetty is 4,548 feet long and the west jetty 4,410 feet long, with inshore end wings 750 feet and 297 feet long, respectively. The wings of both jetties and the 2,000-foot inshore end section of the west jetty are of stone-filled pile and timber construction, and the entire east jetty and the out- shore portion of the west jetty are of rubble mound construction. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: 180 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Minimum depths Section 1 Left Mid- Right outside channel for outside quarter half project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) I __ Jan. 1954_..... Between jetties_..------.-- ---------- 25 20.0 19.7 18.8 Sept. 1949 .... Inner end of jetties to Cape May Har- 20 12.4 16.7 7. 5 bor. June 1945...... Thence to Coast Guard Wharves ._.. 20 8.5 18. 9 13.5 The costs under the existing project, excluding $100,000 con- tributed by local interests and $50,000 Navy Department funds expanded for new work, were $879,275 for new work and $765,819 for maintenance, a total of $1,645,094. Cost and financial summar/ k Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19541, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.. $879, 275 C ost.--- .-.--------- 879, 275 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $55, 000 s..... $-1,493 $6,000 $44, 000 769, 056 C ost_- _ - --- --- 52, 740 $797-----_----- 4,664 42,098 765, 819 1In addition, $50,000 Navy Department funds and $100,000 contributed funds were expended for new work 13. ABSECON INLET, N. J. Location. This inlet is located on the coast of New Jersey about 65 miles north of Delaware breakwater, between Brigantine Beach on the north and Absecon Beach on the south. It forms the entrance to the harbor at Atlantic City, N. J. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 826 and 1217.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. The project was completed in 1916. For further details see Annual Report for 1936, page 319. Existing project. This provides for an inlet entrance channel 20 feet deep at mean low water and 400 feet wide, for an entrance channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the inlet channel into Clam Creek, and for a turning basin 15 feet deep within Clam Creek. The act authorizing the inlet entrance channel also pro- vides that should the channel at any time have a deleterious effect on the Atlantic City Beach, work upon the improvement may cease, it being understood that the project is adopted on the basis that the interests of the beach in front of the city are superior to those of the inlet. The total length of the section included in the project is about 11/ miles. The mean tidal range in the ocean is 4 feet and at the inlet gorge 3.6 feet. The extreme tidal range, due to ocean storms, is about 11 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $254,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 181 The latest (1950) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 22, 1922 An inlet entrance channel 20 feet deep...------------- H. Doc. 375, 67th Cong., 2d sess. July 24,1946 A channel 15 feet deep into Clam Creek and a turning H. Doc. 504, 79th Cong., 2d sess. basin. (Contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish suitable spoil disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required for the dredging of the entrance channel into Clam Creek and the turning basin within Clam Creek. Terminal facilities. There are 9 wharves served by this im- provement; 1 is Government owned, 6 are privately owned and open to general public use upon payment of moderate wharfage, and 2 are publicly owned. Three of the wharves have direct railroad connection. There is also a continuous line of piers or landing places for pleasure craft on both sides of the large basins which indent the south shore of the inner channel. There are 3 ship- yards and 3 marine railways at this locality. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing in the inlet channel by U.S. hopper dredge Lyman was in prog- ress from October 26, 1953, to January 2, 1954, and from January 20 to February 5, 1954. There were removed 143,251 cubic yards, place measurement, of material at a cost of $150,224. Surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $282. The cost of all work was $150,506 for maintenance. ('ondition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 92 per- cent complete. The inlet entrance channel was completed in 1938. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of an entrance channel from the inlet channel into Clam Creek and a turning basin in Clam Creek. The latest examinations show minimum depths, at mean low water, as follows: Minimum depth Project Date Section depth Left Mid- Right (feet) outside channel for outside quarter half project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Feb. 1954 .. Entrance channel _ ___ __ . ...20 12. 0 5. 6 5. 2 Apr. 1953 Thence to Brigantine Bridge__---- __._----.-- .... .-_ 11. 2 The costs under the existing project were $208,648 for new work and $1,995,793 for maintenance, a total of $2,204,441. 182 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY. 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19541, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- $435, 145 Cost - 435, 145 Maintenance: Appropriated $159, 000 $62, 000 $18, 000 $98, 677 $158, 000 2, 241, 327 Cost__ 150, 813 6, 697 85, 496 96, 556 150, 506 2, 231, 579 1 Includes $226,497 for new work and $235,786 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project .. 45 ,400 14. TUCKERTON CREEK, N. J. Location. This creek rises in Ocean County, N. J., flows south- erly 7 miles, and empties into Little Egg Harbor about 8 miles north of Little Egg Inlet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 825 and 1216.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 6 feet deep, 80 feet wide from the head of Marchelder Channel in little Tucker- ton Bay to the mouth; thence 75 feet wide to Parkers Landing, 1 mile above the mouth; thence 60 feet wide to West Tuckerton Landing, 13/4 miles above the mouth; thence a channel 5 feet deep and 60 feet wide to just above Scow Landing, 2 miles above the mouth; and thence a channel 3 feet deep and 40 feet wide to the mill dam at Tuckerton, 21/4 miles above the mouth. The total length of the section included in the project is about 31/2 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range is 2.5 feet. The extreme tidal range is from about 1 foot below mean low water to about 1 foot above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $60,242. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $6,700. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 For depths of 6, 5, and 3 feet _ _ ... _- H. Doc. 274, 56th Cong., 1st sess. _------------- Mar. 3, 1905 Substitution of channel as across Little Tuckertori Specified in act. (H. Doc. 1040, Bay. 64th Cong., 1st sess., contains latest published maps.) Terminal facilities. There are a number of wharves and piers of pile-and-timber construction along the creek. There are also four boatyards with marine railways, and repair and storage facilities located at Tuckerton. One wharf at Tuckerton is pub- licly owned. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Under maintenance, surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $3,746. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 183 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1925. The controlling depths at mean low water, in June 1954, were as follows: In the entrance channel and within the creek to the Tuckerton Yacht Club, 2.3 feet; thence to Parkers Landing, 1.2 feet; thence to Scow Landing, 1.5 feet; and thence to the mill dam at Tuckerton, 3.3 feet. The costs under the existing project were $60,242 for new work and $180,481 for maintenance, a total of $240,723. Cost awld f(inaur il summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated. . . .. . . $60, 242 Cost_ 60, 242 Maintenance: Appropriated $3, 500 $- 157 $4, 000 $4, 500 181, 363 Cost 3, 072 3, 872 13, 758 1 180, 493 Pen ding adjustment in the amount of -$12 not included. 15. BARNEGAT INLET, N. J. Location. This inlet is located on the east coast of New Jersey, about 50 miles south of Sandy Hook. It forms the main entrance to IBarnegat Bay, the largest of the bays on the New Jersey coast which are separated from the ocean by narrow barrier beaches. The inlet lies between Island Beach on the north and Long Beach on the south. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 825 and 1216.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep through the inlet and 10 feet through the outer bar, the channel to be protected by two converging stone jetties extending to the 12- foot contour in the ocean and spaced 1,000 feet apart at the outer ends; a channel of suitable hydraulic characteristics extending in a northwesterly direction from the gorge in the inlet to Oyster Creek Channel just northwest of Sunset Shoal, thence via Oyster Creek Channel to deep water in the bay; and the maintenance of a chan- nel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide to connect Barnegat City Harbor with the main inlet channel. The total length of the section in- cluded in the project is about 4.5 miles. All depths refer to the plane of mean low water. The mean tidal range at the inlet gorge is 2.7 feet and in Barnegat Bay 0.5 foot. The extreme tidal range at the inlet is from about 2 feet below mean low water to about 3 feet above mean high water. The cost for new work for the completed project was $448,849, exclusive of $300,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $43,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 184 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1935 An 8-foot depth through the inlet to Oyster Creek. Rivers and Harbors Committee l Channel across inner bar, 10-foot depth through Doc. 19, 73d Cong., 2d sess. outer bar and for jetties. Aug. 26, 1937 A channel of suitable hydraulic characteristics from Rivers and Harbors Committee the gorge to Oyster Creek Channel, and thence to Doc. 85, 74th Cong., 2d sess.' deep water in bay. July 24,1946 Maintenance dredging of a channel to connect the H. Doc. 358, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' main inlet channel with Barnegat City Harbor. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, imposes upon the work authorized therein the condition that local interests agree to hold and save the United States free from claims due to the work. On August 13, 1946, local interests were noti- fied of this requirement and requested to furnish the necessary assurance that it would be met. This assurance was accepted on May 21, 1954. Prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are three docks or terminals located in the inner harbor at Barnegat City which furnish adequate facilities for the present commerce of the locality. Two are privately owned and are used for fishing interests. One is Gov- ernment owned. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: A contract was awarded for repairs to the south jetty, dam- aged in the storm of November 6-7, 1953. Work was commenced June 7, 1954 and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year, The costs were $8,927. Under a contract for dredging in the inlet channel only pre- liminary work was done. The costs were $511. Maintenance, hired labor: Examinations of the channel and of the jetties were made at a cost of $4,659. The cost of all work was $14,097 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940. The dredging of a channel from the inlet gorge to Oyster Creek Channel 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide and thence a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide through Oyster Creek Channel to Barnegat Bay was completed in 1939. The converging jetties were completed in 1940. The north jetty is 4,900 feet long and the south jetty 2,950 feet long. The inshore end sections, 769 feet and 450 feet long, respectively, are of pile-and-timber con- struction reinforced with stone, and the outshore ends of both jetties are of rubble-mound construction. The latest examina- tions show a navigable channel with controlling depths, at mean low water, as follows: In February 1954, from the ocean to the inlet gorge, 4.2 feet; thence to the inner end of the inlet channel, 4.7 feet; and thence, in August 1946, through Oyster Creek Chan- nel to Barnegat Bay, 6.9 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $300,000 con- tributed funds expended for new work, were $448,849 for new work and $1,191,927 for maintenance, a total of $1,640,776. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 185 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19541, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: . Appropriated --------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ $448, 849 Cost ....----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 448, 849 Maintenance: Appropriated... $238, 000 $-12, 001 _ . ... $2, 000 $286, 750 1, 466, 580 Cost--------------- 385, 821 99, 535----------- ------... .......... 2 12, 930 1,190, 760 1 In addition, $300,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 2 Pending adjustments in the amount of $1,167 not included. 16. MANASQUAN RIVER, N. J. Location. This is a small stream located in the eastern part of New Jersey, rising near Freehold and flowing easterly to the At- lantic Ocean, which it enters about 26 miles south of Sandy Hook. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 795.) Previousprojects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. For further details, see Annual Report for 1909, page 186, and Annual Report for 1938, page 269. Existing project. This provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 250 feet wide, protected by jetties and other works, extending from the Atlantic Ocean to the inner end of the north jetty, thence 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide to within 700 feet of the New York & Long Branch Railroad bridge, thence of same depth and narrow- ing to a width of 100 feet to within 300 feet of the bridge; for a widening on the northerly side of the channel of 200 feet for a distance of 3,150 feet to a depth of 8 feet; for an anchorage of 19 acres in area to a depth of 10 feet on the south side of the channel and for an anchorage of 27.5 acres in area to a depth of 12 feet about 0.5 mile west of route 35 highway bridge. Length of section included in project is about 1.5 miles. Mean tidal range is 3.7 feet at the inner end of the inlet and 4 feet at ocean end; mean range of spring tides, 4.4 and 4.8 feet, respectively; irregular fluctuations due to wind and barometric pressure vary from 2.7 feet below to 7.5 feet above mean low water at the inner end of the inlet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $918,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects and $300,000 contributed by local interests. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance, revised in 1950, is $32,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Channel 8 feet deep and provision of works designed H. Doc. 482, 70th Cong., 2d sess. to secure the channel. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening of channel on northerly side.... ...---------Senate committee document, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Deepening channel to 12 and 14 feet; 10- and 12-foot H. Doe. 356, 77th Cong., 1st sess. anchorages. (Contains latest published map.) 186 RE1PORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, provides that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable areas properly diked for disposal of dredged material, for new work and maintenance, when and as needed; convey to the United States, free of cost, a perpetual ease- ment to excavate all lands above ordinary high water required for the improvement; and release the United States from all claims for damage resulting from the improvement. Assurances of local cooperation furnished by local interests in connection with the deepening of the channel only, were approved by the Chief of Engineers on February 15, 1951. The requirements under prior acts have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Five landings with a total wharf age of 700 feet, used by commercial fishermen, and seven landings and boat basins for pleasure craft are located along the river and its branches. The pleasure boat landings and basins are equipped with marine railways, boatbuilding and repair facilities, and boat storage facilities. Two yacht clubs with a mooring capacity of 45 boats and numerous pleasure boat landings are also located along the waterway. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Rehabilitation of the steel sheet pile bulkhead on the north side of the channel was commenced March 15, 1954, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. The costs were $62,625. Maintenance, hired labor: Surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $945. The cost of all work was $63,570 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 82 percent complete. Two rubble mound jetties, 1,230 feet long north of the entrance and 1,030 feet long south of the entrance, were completed in 1931. Two steel bulkheads, each 950 feet long, at the inshore ends of the jetties were completed in 1937. A steel bulkhead 698 feet long and two steel groins of an aggregate length of 570 feet, constructed on the northerly beach, were completed in 1938. A channel 10 feet deep and 250 feet wide from the 10-foot depth curve in the ocean to a point near the inshore ends of the jetties and thence 8 feet deep and 300 feet wide to a point 700 feet below the New York and Long Branch Railroad bridge was coim- pleted in 1933, and the widening on the northerly side of the channel was completed in 1938. The work remaining to be done is the deepening of the channel between the jetties from 10 feet to 14 feet, thence the channel to a point 700 feet below the railroad bridge from 8 feet to 12 feet, and extending the 12-foot channel to within 300 feet of the railroad bridge; also the dredging of the 19-acre anchorage south of the channel and the 27.5-acre anchor- age west of the highway bridge. The controlling depth in the channel at mean low water, in December 1953, from the ocean to the inshore ends of the jetties was 10.7 feet, and thence, in April 1953, to the railroad bridge 9.0 feet. The costs under the existing project, excluding $300,000 con- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 187 tributed funds expended for new work, were $335,342 for new work and $639,164 for maintenance, a total of $974,506. C('ost and fnacial i sommnary Fiscal year ending June 30( Total to June 30, 1954', includ- ing fiscal years 1950 19511 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriate(]d - - ----. --------------- $374, 342 Cost - - - - Maintenance: - - - ------ - --- 374, 342 Appropriated $41, 000 $ --6, 347 $650 $6, 200 $76, 500 655, 671 Cost _ - 110, 346 -2, 683 650 4, 676 632, 160 639, 808 12 Includes $39,000 for new work and $2,054 for maintenance for previous In addition $300,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. projects. 3 Pending adjustments in the amount of $1,410 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project - ..... $582 ,700 17. NEW JERSEY INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY Location. This waterway, a sea-level inland water route ap- proximately parallel with the New Jersey coast, extends from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet, about 26 miles south of Sandy Hook, N. J., to Delaware Bay about 3 miles above Cape May Point. The waterway extends through the inlet and up Manasquan River a distance of about 2 miles; thence by the Manasquan-Bayhead Canal through high ground for a distance of 2 miles to the head of Barnegat Bay. It then passes through a series of bays, lagoons, and thoroughfares along the New Jersey coast to Cape May Har- bor; thence across Cape May County to Delaware Bay through a land cut by way of the New England Creek basin. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 234, 795, 825, 826, 827, 1216, 1217, 1218, and 1219.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and generally 100 feet wide, extending from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet, N. J., to Delaware Bay above Cape May, N. J., by the further improvement of Manasquan River and Inlet, N. J., and the present New Jersey Intracoastal Water- way, and by the construction of a canal of similar dimensions from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay via the New England Creek basin, with adequate jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance. The total length of the project is about 117 miles. Normal tidal range in sections of the waterway remote from inlets is 0.5 foot. Near the inlets the mean tidal range generally is 3 feet; in the ocean, 4 feet; at the head of Cape May Harbor, 4.6 feet; and in Delaware Bay, near the entrance, 4.7 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $6,524,000, exclusive of $1,824,940 Navy Department funds and $99,000 con- tributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 133, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (Public 525, 188 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 79th Cong., 2d sess., as extenaed by Public Law No. 240, 82nd Cong., dated Oct. 30, 1951), authorized the use for a period not to exceed 6 years, of funds from appropriations heretofore or here- after made for maintenance and improvement of rivers and har- bors, for the maintenance of the canal from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay constructed as an emergency wartime project with Navy Department funds, including the cost of maintaining the temporary railroad and seashore highway bridges over the canal. Local cooperation. The project is subject to the conditions that the State of New Jersey cede to the United States all right, title, and interest that it has acquired to lands, easements, rights-of- way, and structures other than bridges for the Manasquan-Bay- head Canal; that the State of New Jersey furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and disposal areas required for construction of the Cape May Canal and for improvement of the proposed waterway and for their subsequent maintenance; that local interests provide, maintain, and operate suitable bridges over the waterway; that the State of New Jersey donate to the United States the navigation aids in use on the present New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway; and that the State of New Jersey hold and save the United States and its agents free from any claims for damages resulting from the work of improve- ment. Compliance with these conditions was completed January 15, 1954, except that local interests are required to furnish dis- posal areas for the construction and the subsequent maintenance of the proposed improvement. Terminal facilities. There are numerous piers, wharves, and docks at resorts located at or adjacent to the waterway, most of which are open to general public use, and fuel, water, and other supplies are readily available. Public and privately owned boat basins are located in a number of streams entering the bays and thoroughfares through which the waterway passes. Boat repair and storage yards with marine railways for small craft are also scattered along the waterway. Transfer facilities, including facili- ties for icing, storing, and shipping food fish, are available at most of the larger communities along the waterway, including Atlantic City, Wildwood, and Cape May. The plants at the two latter places have direct railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance, con- tract: Maintenance dredging to 6-foot depth in the channel be- tween Great Egg Bay and Great Sound, was commenced April 26, 1954, and was nearing completion at the end of the fiscal year. There were removed 150,000 cubic yards, place measurement, of material, at a cost of $107,236. Maintenance, hired labor: Surveys and channel examinations were made at a cost of $3,717, and banks and ditches along the waterway were maintained at a cost of $51; a total of $3,768. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 189 The cost of all work was $111,004 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 25 percent complete. A canal 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Cape May Harbor to Delaware Bay was completed in 1942; 2 parallel stone jetties at the Delaware Bay entrance and a tem- porary highway drawbridge in 1943; and a temporary highway drawbridge and a railroad bridge in 1944, all with Navy Depart- ment funds. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Atlantic Ocean at Manasquan Inlet to Cape May Harbor. The latest examinations show controlling depths, at mean low water, as follows: Depths Date Section Left Mid-channel Right outside for half- outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) May 1946 N. Y. & L. B. Railroad bridge (Manasquan 1 9.2 River) to Bayhead. Bayhead to point opposite Waretown _ 1 5. 2 Thence to Little Egg Inlet -----_ -. 1 2. 9 Thence to Albany Ave., Atlantic City 1 3. 0 Thence to Ninth St., Ocean City_________ 1 5. 7 June 1954 Thence to Townsend Inlet ........-------------- 1 4. 5 Jan. 1954 Thence to Rio Grande Ave. bridge, Wild- 15. 2 - wood. May 1946 Thence to Cape May Harbor ........- 1 8.9 May 1954 Thence via Cape May Canal to Delaware 5. 2 6. 7 6. 5 Bay. 1 In 80 percent of channel width. The costs under the existing project, excluding $1,824,940 ex- pended for new work and $286,954 for maintenance from Navy Department funds and $99,000 contributed funds expended for new work, were $53,694 for new work, $378,891 for maintenance, and $40,000 for operating and care, a total of $472,585. Cost (1 (1finan(cial summar!/ Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, 1 includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 ing fiscal prior to years 19502 New work: Appropriated-. __ $53, 694 Cost-.............. ..... ------ - ---------- !------------!------------ 53,694 Maintenance: Appropriated $57, 000 $31, 000 $32, 800 $14, 587 $191, 000 498, 887 Cost _ 44, 272 40, 013 34, 379 15, 908 3103, 426 S 411, 313 1 In addition, $1,824,940 Navy Department funds and $99,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. 2 In addition, $286,955 Navy Department funds were expended for maintenance. 3 Pending adjustments in the amount of $7,577 not included. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project................. ...... . $6,470,300 190 REP)ORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. LU. S. ARMY. 1054 18. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Absecon Creek, N. J------------------------- 2. Alloway Creek, N. J.2 ! 1950 1931 $11, 934 21, 398 $68,230 33, 002 (1) (1) 3. Appoouinimink River, Del.' 3-------------- 1931 36, 973 41,099 $15, 000 4. Big Timber Creek, N.2 J_ 1949 4 58, 665 11. 397 (1) 5. Broadkill River, Del. 1953 68, 228 101, 854 (1) 6. Chester River, Pa.2 3 5. . ._____-_ 1931 6, 000 650 26,000 7. Cohansey River, N. J.2 1953 6146, 756 194, 657 f1) 8. Delaware River, N. Y., N. J.,and Pa.,at or 1917 - 864, 000 near the mouth of Neversink River 3 7 9. Dennis Creek, N. J.2 1897 4.701 .. (1) 10. Double Creek, N. J.' 1912 7, 800 (9) f1) 11. Goshen Creek, N. J.2 3 1905 15,359 870 (1) 12. Harbor of Refuge, Dela ware Bay. Del........ 1952 105, 162, 230 120, 456 (1) 13. Ice Harbor at Marcus IIook, Pa. .. 1928 208, 964 14, 336 (1) 14. Ice Harbor at New Castle, Del."11 ........... 1898 224, 704 (1) 15. Inland Waterway between 2 Rehoboth Bay 1953 435, 383 101, 205 816, 600 and Del. Bay, Del. 16. Inland Waterway from3 Chincoteaqgue Bay, 1939 '3 168, 412 14 5 42, 794 (1) Va. to Del. Bay, Del. 12 17. Leipsic River, Del." 1931 36. 956 32, 243 (1) 18. Little Egg Harbor, N. J.37 (16) 15, 048 -- (1) 19. Little River, Del. 1________946 12, 016 47, 808 (1) 20. Maurice River, N. J.2 17__________________ 1948 1Q143, 984 122, 380 130, 000 21. Mispillion River, Del.219_ 1951 365, 189 384, 567 (1) 22. Oldmans Creek, N. J.2 ______________________ 1941 31,188 31, 736 260, 800 23. Raccoon Creek, N. J.22 1949 2o83, 665 218, 936 (1) 24. Rancocas River, N. J. -- 1942 44, 500 13, 090 138, 500 25. Salem River, N. J.2 21- " 1947 22107, 634 173, 154 2 28, 200 26. Smyrna River, Del. 4________________ ____ 1949 198, 843 195, 609 11,200 27. St. Jones River, Del.5____________________ 1950 207, 102 65, 318 1, 380, 500 28. Toms River, N. .J.......................... 1950 10, 050 19,985 355, 000 29. Waterway from Indian River Inlet to Reho- 1950 ______________ 2 95, 000 both Bay, Del. 30. Woodbury Creek, N. J_ 1940 27 27, 093 55, 406 (1) 1 Completed. 2 Channel adequate for commerce. 3 No commerce reported. Exclusive of $50,000 contributed by local interests. 2 Includes $6,000 new work and $63 maintenance funds expended on previous project. 6 Includes $36,000 new work funds expended on previous projects. 7 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 8 Exclusive of amount to be contributed by local interests. The authorization of this project provided for local interests to deposit with the United States $54,780 for the accomplishment of certain work. The present estimate for this work is $153,500. 9 Maintenance assumed by local interests as required by law. 10Includes $2,749,452 new work funds expended on previous projects. 1 Harbor not now required for commerce. 12Cost of maintaining bridges assumed by State of Delaware. 13Entire amount expended on previous project, repealed in 1905. 14 Exclusive of $2,000 contributed by State of Delaware. 15 Includes $25,330 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 16 Last appropriation for the project was in 1852. No information is at hand relative to work done. 17Awaiting local cooperation. 18 Includes $43.000 new work funds expended on previous projects. 15 Includes $148,798 new work and $61,172 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 20Includes $557 new work funds expended on previous projects. 21Includes $55,809 new work and $48,000 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. '2 Exclusive of $51,825 contributed by local interests. 23 In addition, local interests are required to contribute an equal amount. 24Includes $55,085 new work and $22,723 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 25Includes $54,590 new work and $28,936 maintenance funds expended on previous projects. 26Exclusive of $20,000 required to be contributed by local interests. 27 Includes $2,950 new work funds expended on previous projects. 19. BEAR CREEK RESERVOIR, LEHIGH RIVER, PA. Location. The site of Bear Creek Reservoir is in northeastern Pennsylvania on the Lehigh River between White Haven and Stod- dartsville. The dam site is a short distance below the mouth of Bear Creek, approximately 60 miles above the city of Allentown, and 77 miles above the confluence of the Lehigh River with the Delaware River at Easton, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet "Stoddartsville, Pa.") FLOOD CONTROL-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 191 Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a single-purpose flood-control reservoir having a capacity of 110,- 000 acre-feet, formed by an earth dam 3,000 feet long at the crest, rising 234 feet above the river bed, with gate-controlled outlet works discharging through a tunnel in the west abutment, and a spillway located in the dam. The reservoir will control the runoff from a drainage area of 288 square miles. The project was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The current estimate of Federal cost of new work, revised to 1954, is $16,820,000 for construction and $380,000 for lands and damages, a total of $17,200,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary plan- ning was done in connection with a relocation of the spillway. The costs were $1,993. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done on the project. Preparation of plans and specifications is about 34 percent complete. The costs were $493,483 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June - -30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- $90, 000 $90, 000 $-68,027 . $4,517 $496, 490 Cost................. 17, 483 31, 072 434 11, 867 1493, 357 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of $126 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---...---------............... $3,130 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1956---...---..---..--......................--................... 3,130 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---.............................................. $16,703,500 20. ALLENTOWN, LEHIGH RIVER, PA. Location. Allentown is located in Lehigh County on the Lehigh River, 17 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheets, "Allentown and Allentown West, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for wid- ening and deepening the channel of Lehigh River and easing the abrupt turn and approaches thereto at the mouth of Little Lehigh Creek; it also provides for a training dike and levees, and the necessary appurtenant structures. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The estimated Fed- eral cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $2,060,000 for construc- tion. The estimated local cost for lands, damages, and utility al- terations, revised in 1953, is $48,000. Local cooperation. Assurances of cooperation have not been furnished by local interests. Operations and results during fiscal year. Subsurface investi- gations of the project site and of prospective borrow areas, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, were completed. Sig 7-191-222 192 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 A topographic survey of the project site, in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed. The taking of borings, under contract, was completed August 31, 1953. The costs were $5,417. A model study and a report thereon, in progress at the end of the previous year by the Waterways Experiment Station, Vicks- burg, Miss., was completed at a cost of $8,711. Rain gages were operated in cooperation with United States Weather Bureau at a cost of $365. The total costs were $14,493 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done on the project. Advance engineering and design is about 41 percent complete. The costs under the project were $89,304 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------------ $40, 000 $20, 000 $25, 000 $5, 000 $90, 000 Cost ----------------------------- 942 43, 867 30, 003 14, 455 '189, 267 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of $38 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ..-------------......... $733 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending ------- June 30, 1956 ...-.---------------------------. .....----.--- -733 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- 1,970,000 pletion of existing project-----..---...................------------------- 21. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Bethlehem, Pa--------------------------- 1950 ------ $7, 970, 000 2. Dyberry Reservoir, Pa.-- --------- 1953 $128, 370 -------------- 7, 211,600 3. Mt. Holly, N. J ------------- ...------------- 1946 283, 655 (1) (2) 4. Prompton Reservoir, Pa__---------------------- 1953 167, 315 .............. 5, 412,700 1 Maintenance assumed by local authorities as required by act authorizing the project. 2 Completed. 22. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of general investigations during the fiscal year was $6,631, and the expenditures were $6,566. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $3,633, will be applied to expenses to be incurred under this heading. Additional funds in the amount of $10,300 can be profitably expended during the next fiscal year. Collection and study of basic data. The cost of the collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year was $500. The ex- penditures were $500, and there was no balance unexpended. FLOOD CONTROL-PHILADELPHIA, PA., DISTRICT 193 23. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS The cost of this work during the fiscal year amounted to $2. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: ........----------- Appropriated-------- $60 ---------- $60 Cost-------------- ------------------------ $58 $2 60 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955...............................................................------ $500 24. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small Flood Control Projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Pursuant to this authorization construction of a levee and flood- wall for flood control protection on the Chester River above Ninth Street, Chester, Pa., in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, under contract, was completed April 7, 1954. The costs were $155,405 for new work. Conditions of local cooperation have been fully complied with. A report on engineering studies in con- nection with flood control protection in the Livingston Manor and the Roscoe-Rockland areas, Sullivan County, N.Y., in progress at the end of the previous fiscal year, was completed. The costs were $108 for new work. The total costs, all for new work, were $155,513. For flood control protection on the Chester River above Ninth Street, Chester, Pa., construction of the levee and floodwall was completed. The City of Chester assumed maintenance of the work on June 1, 1954. The costs were $183,273 for new work. Engin- eering studies, and a report thereon, in connection with flood control protection in the Livingston Manor and the Roscoe-Rock- land areas, Sullivan County, N.Y., were completed. The costs were $6,811. The total costs, all for new work, were $190,084. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -...-.----- . $2, 000 $110, 300 $8, 700 $69, 258 $190, 258 ---------------------------- Cost................. 744 7, 501 26,324 1155, 498 1 190, 069 1 Pending adjustment in the amount of $15 not included. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954...... $189 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT This district comprises the watershed of the Susquehanna River and its tributaries from headwaters in south-central New York State through central Pennsylvania to its mouth in the Chesapeake Bay; eastern Maryland, southwestern Delaware, and eastern Vir- ginia, embracing Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries north of Cove Point, Md., on the western shore of the bay, and Onancock River, Va., on the eastern shore, and the watersheds tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between the southern boundary of Delaware and a point north of White Creek and Gargathy Inlet on the Atlantic coast. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Baltimore Harbor 15. Genegantslet Reservoir and Channels, Md..........._....... 195 Genegantslet Creek, N. Y..... 219 2. Baltimore Harbor, Md. 16. Southern New York Flood Con- Collection and Removal of trol Project............................ 219 Drift...............------................. 200 17. Swoyersville and Forty Fort, 3. Chester River, Md......___......... 201 Pa.....-. . . 234 4. Cambridge Harbor, Md............. 203 18. Williamsport, Susquehanna 5. Honga River and Tar Bay River, Pa........................... 235 (Barren Island Gaps), Md..... 205 19. York, Codorus Creek, Pa......... 238 6. Wicomico River, Md............. 206 20. Inactive Flood-Control Proj- 7. Pocomoke River, Md................. 208 ects.......................................... 240 8. Twitch Cove and Big 21. General Investigations............. 240 Thoroughfare River, Md....... 210 22. Inspection of Completed Proj- 9. Starlings Creek, Va.....__.___......... 211 ects.................... .....................-- 240 10. Tangier Channel, Va._. ............ 212 23. Flood control work under spe- 11. Waterway on the Coast of Vir- cial authorization ................. 241 ginia........................................ 213 12. Ocean City Harbor and Inlet and Sinepuxent Bay, Md.. .. 215 13. Fishing Creek, Md.................... 217 14. Inactive Navigation Projects._ 218 1. BALTIMORE HARBOR AND CHANNELS, MD. Location. Baltimore Harbor is situated at the head of the navi- gable portion of the Patapsco River about 12 miles from Chesa- peake Bay. The river rises near the town of Westminster in Carroll County, Md., and flows in a general southeasterly direction for about 65 miles to enter the Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 549.) Previous projects. Patapsco River: The original project was dated July 4, 1836. Modifications were contained in the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852; June 10, 1872; March 3, 1881; June 3, 1896; March 3, 1905; March 3, 1909; February 27, 1911; and March 4, 1913. Middle Branch: The original project was dated June 3, 1896. Curtis Bay: The original project was dated July 13, 1892. It was modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. 195 196 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 York Spit: The original project was dated March 3, 1905. For further details, see pages 1787 and 1788 of the Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 389 of the Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides: (1) A uniform main chan- nel depth of 39 feet between Cape Charles, Va., and Fort McHenry, Baltimore, Md., with dimensions as follows: 39 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide between the curves of 39-foot depth in Chesapeake Bay opposite York Spit, a distance of about 6.77 miles (under jurisdic- tion of the Norfolk, Va., District) ; 39 feet deep and a general width of 600 feet from the 39-foot depth curve in Chesapeake Bay to Fort McHenry on the Patapsco River, a distance of about 20 miles; (2) for branch channels with dimensions as follows: 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the main channel to head of Curtis Bay, a dis- tance of about 2% miles; 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the main channel at Fort McHenry to Ferry Bar, and thence 27 feet deep and 250 feet wide to the Western Maryland Railway bridge, a total distance of about 3% miles; (3) for widening the angle be- tween the Fort McHenry and Ferry Bar Sections; (4) for widening at the approaches and bends; (5) for the following anchorages- Fort McHenry Anchorage, 3,500 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; Riverview Anchorage No. 1, 4,500 feet long, 1,500 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; Riverview Anchorage No. 2, 2,400 feet long, 1,200 feet wide, and 30 feet deep; Quarantine Anchorage, 3,500 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 35 feet deep; (6) it is further provided that as rapidly as the city of Baltimore, at its own ex- pense, provides the 35-foot depth into the Northwest Branch (inner harbor) the United States shall take over the maintenance of that depth (the United States maintains a channel 35 feet deep, varying in width from 550 feet to 1,200 feet, and 5,100 feet in length from Fort McHenry to and along the southwest side of the inner harbor and a channel generally 95Q feet wide and 5,000 feet in length along the easterly side of the inner harbor) ; (7) for a connecting channel with a depth of 27 feet and width of 400 feet from Cutoff-Brewerton Angle in the main channel to the inland waterway from Delaware River to Chesapeake Bay; (8) for a channel in Curtis Creek with a depth of 35 feet and width of 200 feet from the head of the existing 35-foot project channel in Curtis Bay to a point in the creek about 750 feet below the Pen- nington Avenue Bridge; (9) for a channel 22 feet deep and gener- ally 200 feet wide from the 22-foot depth curve in Curtis Creek im- mediately below the Pennington Avenue Bridge, 18 feet over an irregular area of about 3 acres at the head and adjacent to the 22- foot channel; a depth of 15 feet for a general width of 450 feet from the head of the 22-foot channel to the upper end of the marginal wharf of the United States Ordnance Depot; (10) and for a channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 22-foot depth curve south of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Bridge to the vicinity of Arundel Cove, a distance of about 2,800 feet, thence 100 feet wide in Arundel Cove for a distance of about 2,100 feet; with an anchorage basin approximately 700 feet square adjacent to the channel southwesterly of the Coast Guard wharf. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $9,939,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest RIVERS AND HARBORS--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 197 (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents i-- Mar. 3, 1905 Main channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide through- H. Doe. 186, 57th Cong., 2d sess. out. Mar. 3, 1909 Anchorage basin near intersection of Fort McHenry and Curtis Bay Channels (within original limit of cost authorized by act of Mar. 2, 1907). Feb. 27, 1911 Width increased at entrances and bends (increase to be made within the limit of original estimate). Aug. 8, 1917 Branch channel 35 feet deep to head of Curtis Bay, H. Doc. 799, 64th Cong., 1st sess. and one 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide into the Southwest Branch of the Patapsco River to a point near Ferry Bar, and 27 feet deep and 250 feet wide to Western Maryland Ry. bridge, widened at ap- proaches and bends, and with anchorage and turn- ing basins. Inclusion of Patapsco River and tribu- taries into one project for Baltimore Harbor. Jan. 21, 1927 Change in location of the anchorage near upper end of the Fort McHenry Channel. July 3, 1930 Increased anchorage facilities__ ________________ Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 11, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Do....... For 37-foot depth in that portion of channel to Balti- H. Doc. 29, 71st Cong., 1st sess.' more lying between the 37-foot depth curve near Baltimore Light to the Sparrows Point Entrance Channel; widening the angle between Fort Mc- Henry and Ferry Bar Section; and for width of 400 feet in the Curtis Bay section. Oct. 17, 1940 For the 22-, 18-, and 15-foot channels in Curtis Creek Adopted as a national-defense proj- from the 22-foot depth below Pennington Ave. ect (no printed report). Bridge to the upper end of the marginal wharf of the United States Ordnance Depot. Mar. 2, 1945 Uniform main channel 39 feet deep from the ocean H. Doc. 741, 79th Cong., 2d sess. through York Spit Section and Craighill Entrance to Fort McHenry, additional anchorage area 2,400 feet long, 1,200 feet wide, and 30 feet deep; a con- necting channel 400 feet wide and 27 feet deep from Cutoff-Brewerton Angle in the main channel to the Inland waterway from Delaware River to Chesa- peake Bay; a channel in Curtis Creek 200 feet wide and 35 feet deep from the head of the existing 35- foot project channel in Curtis Bay to a point in the creek about 750 feet below the Pennington Ave. Bridge. Do ...... A channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 22- In accordance with plans on filein foot depth curve south of the Baltimore & Ohio the Office, Chief of Engineers. R.R. Bridge to the vicinity of Arundel Cove, a dis- tance of about 2,800 feet, thence 100 feet wide in Arundel Cove for a distance of about 2,100 feet; with an anchorage basin approximately 700 feet square adjacent to the channel southwesterly of the Coast Guard wharf. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, required that on all new work under the project approved by that act, except the channel into Curtis Bay, improvement by the United States is conditional upon local interests providing, free of cost to the United States, suitable disposal areas behind bulkheads or other revetment, satisfactory to the district engi- neer, whenever required by the Chief of Engineers. This condition has been met as far as the channel has been completed. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, provided for increased anchorage facilities subject to the provisions that no work shall be started on the area therein recommended until local interests have provided suitable disposal areas satisfactory to the district en- gineer alongside of bulkheads behind which said interests will agree to pump the material without delay to the Government work; 198 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 or, in lieu of the above requirement, agree to contribute the sum of 5 cents per cubic yard, scow measure, to cover the additional cost to the United States for disposal of the material on its own dumping area. This condition has been met. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, required that responsible local interests agree to hold and save the United States free from claims for damage resulting from the work. This con- dition has been met in a resolution adopted by the city council of Baltimore and approved by the mayor on March 1, 1949. Terminal facilities. The Port of Baltimore consists of 46 miles of waterfront, 30 of which miles are developed. There are 271 piers, wharves, and docks in Baltimore Harbor with depths in the berthing areas ranging up to 40 feet at mean low water. Most deep draft shipping, other than that handled at the wharves of the numerous industrial plants, is concentrated at the modern ocean terminals operated by three trunk-line railroads, the Bal- timore & Ohio, the Pennsylvania, and the Western Maryland; and by a terminal railroad, the Canton. All of these terminals are equipped with depressed or apron tracks permitting the transfer of cargoes directly between ship and car. Facilities also are pro- vided at the rail terminals for the receipt and delivery of motor truck freight. The railroads, with tracks extending to all por- tions of the port area, have voluntarily granted 5 days free time on piers to truck freight on both imports and exports. The sup- porting yards for the railroad terminals can accommodate a total of 11,800 cars and the combined ground storage capacity is 32,250 cars. Major facilities in the port include 3 grain elevators with a total capacity of approximately 12 million bushels, 15 modern ore cranes with a total rated unloading capacity of more than 11,000 tons per hour, 30 public general merchandise ware- houses, 3 modern coal storage facilities, 4 coal piers, 13 oil re- ceiving stations and 2 refining plants, and 12 shipbuilding and ship repair yards. The shipbuilding and repair yards are equipped with facilities for handling every type of vessel construction, conversion, and repair. The facilities include 11 shipways rang- ing in length from 150 to 650 feet, 7 floating drydocks with lifting capacities of from 6,000 tons to 20,000 tons, 2 graving docks and 7 marine railways in addition to numerous outfitting piers and shops. All piers are accessible by adequate paved highways. A municipally owned belt-line railway some 3 miles long encircles the upper end of the inner harbor and connects the tracks of the Baltimore & Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Western Maryland Rail- roads. The latest description of terminal facilities is contained in the publication entitled "Port Series No. 10 (Revised 1946)" on the Port of Baltimore, Md., issued by the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. The State legislature has authorized the city of Baltimore to incur an indebtedness of $60 million for further development of RIVERS AND HARBORS--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 199 port facilities. The Port of Baltimore Commission, which is charged with administration under this authorization, is reviewing requests from various companies who desire to obtain funds for construction and reconstruction of port facilities. The Commission is presently processing applications for loans totaling more than $41 million. The Commission expects work utilizing most of these funds to begin in the near future. Under authorization granted by the former Port Development Commission, the following work was completed: An $8,500,000 terminal pier at Port Covington, and a $1,500,000 terminal pier on the Canton area of the port. The Port of Baltimore Commission, with more liberal financing powers, replaced the Port Development Commission. The City of Baltimore expends about $100,000 annually for rehabilitation of existing structures. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work dredging by contract to provide project depth in the remaining uncompleted 800 feet width of the Brewerton-Fort McHenry angle and project dimensions in a portion of the Fort McHenry section to complete the main channel, was continued and completed October 12, 1953. A total of 210,561 cubic yards, place measure, of material was re- moved and deposited on the authorized dumping area in Chesa- peake Bay at Kent Island, Md. New work dredging, by contract, to provide project dimensions in the remaining portion of the Fort McHenry section was com- menced January 28, 1954, and completed March 18, 1954. A total of 317,889 cubic yards, place measure, of material was removed and deposited on the authorized dumping area in Chesapeake Bay at Kent Island, Md. Maintenance dredging, by contract, to restore previous projects dimensions in portions of the Brewerton-Fort McHenry angle and the Fort McHenry section was continued 'and completed October 12, 1953. A total of 70,249 cubic yards, place measure, of material was removed and deposited on the authorized dumping area in Chesapeake Bay at Kent Island, Md. Condition surveys and estimates of yardage of shoal material were made during the fiscal year in all reaches of the main channel, by hired labor. The total costs were $525,317, of which $427,574 was for new work, and $97,743 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, excluding the York Spit Channel which is under the jurisdiction of the Nor- folk District, is about 85 percent complete. The work remaining to be done on the existing project, excluding York Spit Channel, is completion of the Ferry Bar section from Port Covington entrance channel to Ferry Bar; and completion of the Spring Garden section, including a turning basin, from Ferry Bar to the Western Maryland Railway bridge. 200 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The controlling dimensions are as follows: Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) ascertained Craighill Entrance--...-..------------------------------------- 38.0 600-1, 500 April 1954. Craighill Section---... -------------------------------------- 39. 0 600 March 1954. Craighill-Cutoff Angle ----------- --------- ------ ------ 38.0 600-1, 729 March 1954. Cutoff Section-....------------------ ------------------- 38. 0 500 May 1954. Cutoff-Brewerton Angle----- ---- 38.0 600-1, 540 May 1954. Brewerton Section--- 38.6 600 May 1953. Brewerton, Fort McHenry Angle_ 40. 3 600-1, 240 May 1953. Fort McHenry Section__-- 39. 0 600 October 1952. Northwest Branch (Inner Harbor): East Side Channel_......------------------------- 35.0 950 June 1950. West Side Channel ____ _...... ..--. .....---- 35. 0 950 June 1950. Turning Basin_.......------------------- --.--- 30.0 950-1,200 June 1950. Curtis Bay ... ----- ----- ---- ----- ---- ----- ---- 35.0 400 October 1951. Ferry Bar (to a point opposite Western Maryland Ry. piers)___ 35. 0 400 October 1951. Ferry Bar (from a point opposite Western Maryland Ry. piers 19. 0 170 January 1950. to Ferry Bar). Spring Garden Channel (Ferry Bar to Hanover St. Bridge) .-. 19.0 180 January 1950. Spring Garden Channel (to old Southwest Baltimore Channel). 9. 5 250 August 1938 Connecting Channel to the Inland Waterway from Delaware 25.0 400 April 1954. River to Chesapeake Bay Quarantine Anchorage --------- 35.0 450 May 1951. Fort McHenry Anchorage ---------------- -------------- 34.0 400 July 1946. Riverview Anchorage No. 1------------------------------------ 33.0 1, 500 June 1952. Riverview Anchorage No. 2-................................... 30.0 1, 200 February 1952. Curtis Creek: Main Channel--- ..- ------- ------------------- 35. 0 200 June 1948. Approach channel to Ordnance Depot . ----------- 22. 0 200 July 1941. Southerly Anchorage Area .------------------------------- 15. 5 450 July 1941. Easterly Anchorage Area---....----------------------------- 18. 2 320 July 1941. Channel to Arundel Cove ------------------------------- 19. 4 200 April 1946. Channel in Arundel Cove.......---------- .....-------- --.. 21.1 100 April 1946. Anchorage Basin in front of Coast Guard Yard ............. 20. 5 700 April 1946. The total costs under the existing project (including York Spit Channel prior to fiscal year 1942) were $15,288,043, of which $8,324,035 was for new work and $6,964,008 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated -------- $650, 000 $650, 000 $800,000 $497, 000 $250,000 $17, 112, 599 Cost----.-------.---- 82, 364 1, 029, 700 619, 330 709, 960 427, 574 17, 088, 038 Maintenance: Appropriated-------.. 461, 436 431, 491 369, 500 335, 000 33, 761 7, 378, 374 Cost..--------------- 445, 014 42, 073 698, 355 345, 932 97, 743 7, 363, 810 1 Includes $8,764,003 for new work and $399,802 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954..._................... $24,560 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.............................. 24 ,560 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-....-----........................... . . ....................... 1 ,590,400 2. BALTIMORE HARBOR, MD., COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. The project applies to Baltimore Harbor, Md., and its tributaries. Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 201 of drift from Baltimore Harbor and its tributary waters, and au- thorizes the Secretary of the Army to allot such amounts as may be necessary for the work from appropriations for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works or other available appropriations, and that this work shall be carried as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of maintenance. The purpose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948. Terminal facilities. Described in the report for Baltimore Har- bor and Channels, Md. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations, by hired labor, consisted of the collection and disposal of 42,309 cubic feet (330.5 cords) of driftwood, ranging from small blocks up to timbers of large dimensions. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $36,600. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Navigation has been made safer by continual patrol of the harbor and removal of drift material. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $214,519. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $60, 000 $57, 919 $30, 000 $30, 000 $38, 000 $215, 919 Cost._ ._____ .____ .._ 57, 919 55,144 33, 759 31,097 36, 600 214, 519 3. CHESTER RIVER, MD. Location. Chester River rises in Kent County, Del., flows in a generally southwesterly direction, and empties into Chesapeake Bay. Its total length is about 50 miles. Kent Island Narrows is a passage connecting Chester River and Eastern Bay. Wells Cove is an indentation on the easterly side of Kent Island Narrows about 0.4 mile south of the highway bridge crossing the Narrows. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 548 and 1226.) Previous projects. The original project for the main river was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For further details, see page 333 of Annual Report for 1935. Existing project. Provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from Crumpton to Jones Landing, the length of the section included in the project being about 5.5 miles, the lower end of the section being about 37 miles above the mouth of the river; for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide from Chester River to Eastern Bay through Kent Island Narrows; and a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide, extending from the 7-foot depth curve in Kent Island Narrows 800 feet into Wells Cove with a basin of the same depth 202 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 and 300 feet square at the head of the channel. The mean range of tide is 2.4 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $48,000, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,200. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, and September 19, 1890 (H. Ex. Doc. 65, 51st Cong., 1st sess.), and June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 380, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Maps of the locality are printed in House Documents 797 and 1587, 63d Congress, 2d and 3d sessions, respectively, and in House Document 380, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are required to furnish spoil disposal areas for future main- tenance of the Wells Cove section of the project. Assurances of local cooperation were accepted by the Secretary of the Army on February 16, 1950. Terminal facilities. There are two bulkhead wharves on the Chester River section, in poor condition, with dockage room of 100 and 120 feet, and available depths of 2 and 6 feet, respectively. In Kent Island Narrows there are 8 timber pile wharves adjacent to crab and oyster houses, in fair condition, aggregating approx- imately 700 lineal feet of dockage, with available depths of from 3 to 13 feet. In Wells Cove there is a small wharf, a small marine railway, and a public landing. All of the facilities are privately owned except the public landing on Wells Cove. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey and an estimate of yardage of shoal material to be removed was completed by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,405. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 72 percent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to widen the channel from the 75-foot dredged width to the 100-foot project width in the Kent Island Narrows section. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 2.4 feet from Crumpton to Jones Landing, ascertained in October 1946; 7.7 feet in the Kent Island Narrows section from Eastern Bay to the bridge, ascertained in June 1954; 2.6 feet from the bridge to Chester River, ascertained in June 1954; 7.0 feet in the Eastern Bay section, ascertained in June 1954; and 7.7 feet in the channel and anchor- age basin in Wells Cove, ascertained in May 1950. The total costs were $140,210, of which $32,453 was for new work and $107,757 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 203 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,1 includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ...-----.. -- $16, 400 $-2, 008 -------------------- $70, 495 Cost-- - 14, 317 76 - 70,495 Maintenance: Appropriated-...---.. 14, 900 -- 644 $2, 000 108, 352 Cost..............----------------- 14, 141 220 --------- 1, 405 107, 757 1 Includes $38,041 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project __......-....... .... ...................... $15,500 4. CAMBRIDGE HARBOR, MD. Location. This harbor is a tidal estuary on the south side of Choptank River about 18 miles above its mouth. It is approx- imately 70 miles southeast of Baltimore Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1871, and was modified by the acts of August 11, 1888, and June 13, 1902. For further details see page 1789 of Annual Report for 1915, page 424 of Annual Report for 1924, and page 373 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 150 feet wide and 16 feet deep at mean low water from that depth in Choptank River to the Market Street Bridge over Cambridge Creek, thence 100 feet wide and 16 feet deep to the head of the harbor, with a turning basin of the same depth and of irregular dimensions comprising approximately 2.4 acres; an anchorage basin 10 feet deep, 400 feet long and 175 feet wide on the west side of the channel and a second basin of the same depth 225 feet long and 200 feet wide on the east side of the channel below the bridge; and a channel 60 feet wide and 7 feet deep from that depth in Choptank River to the municipal boat basin north of the harbor entrance. The mean range of tide is about 1.7 feet. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, $223,000 ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1949) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $3,400. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 204 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1925 Channel 12 feet deep and 150 feet wide to the draw- H. Doc. 210, 68th Cong., 1st sess. bridge 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the bridge to the upper end of the harbor with a turn- ing basin. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 14 feet deep from that depth in Choptank Rivers and Harbors Committee River to the head of the harbor with widths of Doe. 7, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 150 feet below the Market St. Bridge in Cam- bridge and 100 feet above, and a turning basin of the same depth at the head of the channel; for an anchorage basin 10 feet deep, 400 feet long, and 175 feet wide on the west side of the channel and a second basin of the same depth 225 feet long and 200 feet wide on the east side of the chan- nel; and a channel 60 feet wide and 7 feet deep from that depth in Choptank River to the muni- cipal boat basin. June 30, 1948 Modification providing for present project. H. Doc. 381, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and suit- able spoil-disposal areas for the initial work and subsequent main- tenance, as and when required; hold and save the United States free from damage due to construction works; remove the wrecks which lie in the area to be dredged at the head of the creek; and lower the water main crossing the creek north of the Market Street bridge. It is believed that these terms will be met. Terminal facilities. The water front of Cambridge is generally built up of solid bulkhead wharves and pile and timber piers, only a few of which have mechanical freight-handling facilities. With the exception of a municipally owned terminal which is open to the public, the wharves are privately owned. There are two marine railways with boat-repair shops, five oil and gasoline terminals, two large fertilizer companies and one large packing house located on the shores of Cambridge Creek. The facilities are generally adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey and an estimate of yardage of shoal material to be removed was completed by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,500. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 9 per- cent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of that work authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of August 26, 1937, and June 30, 1948. The controlling depths at mean low water, were 9.8 feet in midchannel for half-project width above the draw- bridge to the turning basin at head of Cambridge Harbor, and 4.8 feet in the turning basin, ascertained in June 1954; and 5.4 feet in the approach channel to the yacht basin, ascertained in July 1946. The total costs were $29,824, of which $20,653 was for new work, and $9,171 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 205 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ ------------ ------------ ------------ ---------------------- $81, 974 Cost.. -------- ------------ ------------ ------------ -- --------------------- 81, 974 Maintenance: Appropriated --------.------------.------------. _... $1, 500 9, 171 Cost--------- ------------ ----------------------------------- 1, 500 9,171 1 Includes $61,321 for new work for previous project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project----............................................----------......... $202,300 5. HONGA RIVER AND TAR BAY (BARREN ISLAND GAPS), MD. Location. Honga River is a tidal estuary of Chesapeake Bay and penetrates Dorchester County on the Eastern Shore of Mary- land between Hooper Islands and the mainland; Tar Bay is a water area between Barren Island and the mainland peninsula and Hooper Islands. Fishing Creek connects Tar Bay and Honga River. Back Creek is a branch of Honga River extending into upper Hooper Islands, the mouth is about 2 miles south of Fishing Creek. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 60 feet wide and 7 feet deep at mean low water from the 7-foot contour in Chesa- peake Bay, through Tar Bay and Fishing Creek to the 7-foot con- tour in Honga River, a length of 25,300 feet; and for a channel in Back Creek 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from the 7-foot depth curve in Honga River to a point near the head of Back Creek, with a turning basin of the same depth, 150 feet long and 200 feet wide at the head of the channel, a length of about 5,500 feet. The mean range of tide is about 1.4 feet. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $73,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $7,000. The existing project was adopted under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 and by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 35, 74th Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 580, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). Maps are published in the project documents. Local cooperation. The project was modified subject to the con- ditions that local interests provide, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and disposal areas for execution of the project and for subsequent maintenance, as and when required; hold and save the United States free from 206 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 damages due to construction and maintenance of the project; and provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, a suitable public landing and approach channel. Local interests have con- structed the public landing, have made available sufficient spoil disposal areas, and are prepared to dredge the approach channel to the landing at the time the project is dredged. Terminal facilities. Numerous small private wharves are scat- tered along Fishing Creek and Back Creek. A public wharf is located on Fishing Creek. A public wharf, four oyster houses, and a marine railway are located on Back Creek. The facilities are adequate for existing and reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey and an estimate of yardage shoal material to be removed was com- pleted by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $2,096. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 39 percent complete. The channel from Chesapeake Bay, through Tar Bay and Fishing Creek to Honga River, was completed in 1935. The work remaining to be done is the Back Creek section of the project, which was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948. The controlling depth in the Honga River and Tar Bay section of the project was 3.7 feet, at mean low water, ascertained in May 1954. The condition of the Back Creek section is as described in the project document. The total costs were $84,070, of which $27,668 (Emergency Relief funds) and $951 (regular funds) were for new work and $55,451 was for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- Cost----.....------------.. ... $42, 000 868 $-41, 049 . .-----------------------.------------ 82 ----------------------------------- 1$28,619 128, 619 Maintenance: Appropriated...----....----------. ---------------. $2, 500 $-594 $2,400 55, 755 ------------ ------------ Cost-........------------.........- 2,989 -1, 083 2, 096 55, 451 1 Includes $27,668 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project__... ......... ..$44,400 ......... ......... ....... ___.... 6. WICOMICO RIVER, MD. Location. This river has its source in the northern part of Wicomico County, Md., and flows in a generally southwardly direction, emptying into Monie Bay, a tributary of Tangier Sound. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 77 and 567.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. For further details see page 1789 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 380 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Chesapeake Bay to Salisbury, the length of the section included in the project being about 37 miles, including about 12 miles from the mouth of the river to Chesapeake Bay; RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 207 a depth of 14 feet in the channels and turning basins in the North and South Prongs with channel widths of 100 feet and a basin 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 400 feet long at Webster Cove with a channel of the same depth and 60 feet wide, extending to the 6-foot contour in Wicomico River. The plane of reference is mean low water. Mean range of tide is about 3 feet and the extreme tidal range is 4.4 feet. The cost to the Federal Government for new work, for the com- pleted project is $457,847, exclusive of amount on previous proj- ects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Channel 9 feet deep from Main St. Bridge to about H. Doc. 20, 51st Cong., 1st sess. "2 miles below. and Annual Report, 1890, p. 947. June 5, 1910 Extension of 9-foot depth into the North Prong from H. Doc. 569, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Main St. Bridge to the Salisbury Dam and turn- ing basin. Mar. 2,1919 Extension of 9-foot depth into South Prong to the H. Doc. 1509, 63d Cong., 3d sess. head of navigation at Cathell St., including a turn- ing basin and extending the project down to the mouth of the river in Monie Bay. July 3, 1930 A 12-foot channel below the Main St. Bridge. Aug. 26, 1937 A 14-foot channel, 150 feet wide, depths of 14 feet in Senate committee print, 75th the North and South Prongs and a basin 6 feet Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest deep at Webster Cove and approach channel there- published map.) to of the same depth. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except local interests are to furnish spoil disposal areas as required for future mainte- nance. Terminal facilities. The present water front at Salisbury con- sists of pile-and-timber bulkheads with earth fills. Some of the wharves have warehouses and factories with mechanical freight- handling facilities and rail sidings. With the exception of a wharf on the North Prong owned by the State roads commission, and a wharf on the South Prong, owned by the county, all of the termi- nals are privately owned. A shipyard, with two marine railways with capacities of 1,200 and 500 tons, respectively, is located on the right bank of the river below the Prongs. Areas for the de- velopment of new terminals on the North and South Prongs are limited. Areas for a considerable expansion of terminal facilities are available on the main river. A public wharf on the main river at Salisbury is desirable but not essential. There is a pile-and-timber wharf which is situated about 4 miles above the mouth of the river at Mount Vernon. There is a wharf of similar construction at White Haven. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey and an estimate of yardage of shoal material to be removed from the Webster Cove Channel was completed by hired labor. The total costs all for maintenance were $1,213. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1942 except for the removal of boulders and debris which were encountered in the South Prong at the Division Street bridge. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 11 feet in the 208 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 main river channel, ascertained in November 1948 and April 1949; 12.5 feet in the North Prong for half-project width and 10 feet in the remainder ascertained in November 1948 and April 1949; 13 feet in the South Prong for half-project width and 7 feet in the remainder, ascertained in August 1947; 2.1 feet in the Webster Cove Channel for 80 percent of the project width, ascertained in April 1954; and 2.5 feet in the Webster Cove basin for 80 percent of the project width, ascertained in April 1954. The total costs were $792,376, of which $457,847 (regular funds) and $14,000 (contributed funds) was for new work, and $320,529 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--_ ----------------------- 457, 847 $-------------------- Cost------------ ----------------------------------------------- -------- 1 457, 847 Maintenance: Appropriated $-2, 925 ------------------- -------------- $1, 500 320, 816 Cost----------------- 7,706---------------------------------............ 1, 213 320, 529 1In addition, $14,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. 7. POCOMOKE RIVER, MD. Location. This river is a tributary of Pocomoke Sound, an estuary of and on the easterly side of Chesapeake Bay about 40 miles north of Cape Charles, Va. Previous projects. The original project for Pocomoke River was adopted June 18, 1878, and modified by the River and Har- bor Act of August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1789, Annual Report for 1915, and page 385, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide from that depth in Pocomoke Sound through "The Muds" to deep water in the river; and a channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 to 130 feet wide from Shad Landing to above the bridge at Snow Hill, widened to 150 feet to form a turning basin at the upper end, the length of the section included in the project being about 4.5 miles, the lower end of the section being about 25.7 miles above the mouth of the river. The mean range of tide is 2.5 feet and the extreme tidal range is 3.7 feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $183,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $21,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 A 9-foot channel from Shad Landing to Snow Hill....-- Annual report for 1895, p. 1167. Aug. 30,1935 For a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide from H. Doc. 227, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Pocomoke Sound to Pocomoke River. 1 Mar. 2,1945 Extension of channel above bridge at Snow Hill, H. Doc. 429, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 100 feet wide, 9 feet deep, widened to 150 feet to form a turning basin at the upper end. 1 Contains latest published maps. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 209 Local cooperation. Fully complied with for the section of the project from Pocomoke Sound to Pocomoke River and from Shad Landing to the highway bridge at Snow Hill, authorized by the acts of June 3, 1896, and August 30, 1935, except that local interests are required to furnish releases from damage to oyster beds and spoil disposal areas as required for future maintenance. The terms of local cooperation for the section of the project above the highway bridge at Snow Hill, authorized by the Act of March 2, 1945, have not been met. These terms are as fol- lows: That local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement; and con- tribute one-half the initial cost of that portion of the project, but not to exceed $4,250. Local interests are continuing their efforts to comply with these requirements. Terminal facilities. The present waterfronts at Pocomoke City and at Snow Hill consist of pile-and-timber bulkheads with earth fills. Some have warehouses and factories with mechanical han- dling facilities and rail sidings. Practically all are privately owned; most of them are in bad repair. Any appreciable in- crease in commerce at Pocomoke City would necessitate the con- struction of a new terminal and the repair of existing terminals. Considerable land areas are available for the development of additional terminals if and when needed. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to restore "The Muds" section of the project to authorized dimensions was continued and completed during the fiscal year. A total of 66,615 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on authorized spoil areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $33,789. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 89 per- cent complete. The work remaining to be done is the extension of the channel to above the bridge at Snow Hill. The controlling depths, at mean low water, are as follows: 8 feet through "The Muds" to deep water in the river on the east side of Williams Point, ascertained in July 1953; 9 feet in the section in Pocomoke River from Shad Landing to Snow Hill, ascertained in March, 1948; and 3.4 feet in the natural channel above the bridge at Snow Hill ascertained in 1939. The total costs were $423,401, of which $161,926 was for new work and $261,475 was for main- tenance. 210 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated.. _ ___...... $-5,531 ------------ $182, 426 Cost ..... $40 __ . .----- _-182, 426 Maintenance: Appropriated - -2, 403 ------------ $90, 000 -----------. $-8, 229 261, 475 Cost-- - 13, 714--- ........---.. 2, 198 $45, 784 33, 789 261, 475 1Includes $20,500 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project .. ___.. __........_.____....................... $21,100 8. TWITCH COVE AND BIG THOROUGHFARE RIVER, MD. Location. This is a tidal waterway about 4 miles long travers- ing Smith Island, Md., in a southeasterly direction from Chesa- peake Bay on the west to Tangier Sound on the east. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1224.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from Twitch Cove on Tangier Sound through Big Thoroughfare River, thence through the canal at Ewell, Md., thence through Levering Creek and Big Thorough- fare River to the vicinity of Swan Point, thence of the same depth and 100 feet wide through the offshore bar to deep water in Chesa- peake Bay, with twin stone jetties at the entrance, the north jetty being about 2,080 feet long, and the south jetty being about 1,800 feet long; an anchorage basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 700 feet long connecting with the west side of the existing project channel at Ewell; extension of the existing project channel in Levering Creek, 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long; and for a channel 4 feet deep and 25 feet wide around the point between Big Thoroughfare River and Tylers River. The mean range of tide is 1.7 feet, and the extreme tidal range is 3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $191,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 A channel 4 feet deep and 25 feet wide from Tangier H. Doc. 285, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Sound into Big Thoroughfare River, and one of the same dimensions around the point between said river and Tylers River. July 3, 1930 A channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 25 feet H. Doc. 313, 71st Cong., 2d sess. wide from Twitch Cove on Tangier Sound through Big Thoroughfare River to a point on Levering Creek about 800 feet north of the canal at Ewell, Md. Aug. 30, 1935 A channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Twitch Rivers and Harbors Committee, Cove through Big Thoroughfare River to a point Doc. 67, 74th Cong., 1st sess. on Levering Creek about 800 feet north of the canal at Ewell, Md. June 20, 1938 Present project dimensions of the main channel with Rivers and Harbors Committee, twin jetties at the entrance. Doc. 49, 5th Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published maps.) May 17, 1950 Anchorage basin 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 700 H. Doc. 340, 81st Cong., 1st sess. feet long on west side of project channel at Ewell, Md., and an extension of the existing project chan- nel in Levering Creek, 6 feet deep, 60 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long. RIVERS AND HARBORS--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 211 Local cooperation. Local interests are required to (1) furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for construction and maintenance of the im- provement, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction and mainte- nance of the improvement; (3) acquire and reserve for public use an adequate land area adjacent to the anchorage basin with suit- able access thereto; and (4) remove all structures within the lim- its of the proposed improvement. It is believed that these condi- tions will be met. Terminal facilities. There are numerous privately owned pile- and-timber wharves and bulkheads at Ewell which are open to the public for business transactions with the owners. A county wharf is also located at the west end of the town. Five crab houses are situated on Levering Creek, and one oyster house is located on the project waterway west of the town of Ewell. Operation and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of making final payment for contract dredging completed dur- ing the prior year. The total costs all for maintenance were $924. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in November 1940, except for work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. The project as a whole is 86 percent complete. The controlling depths, at mean low water, are as follows: 6.5 feet from Tangier Sound to Ewell, ascer- tained in September 1951; 7.0 feet from Ewell to deep water in Chesapeake Bay, ascertained in January 1953; and 4.0 feet in the channel in Tylers River, ascertained in September 1951. The condition of the portion of the project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, is as described in the project document. The north and south jetties have settled in several places. The north jetty was repaired during 1953. The total costs were $268,832, of which $164,175 was for new work and $104,657 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------------- ------------ ------------- ----------....... .. ----- $164, 175 Cost-------------------- . ------------------------- ------------------------ 164, 175 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated........ $25, 000 $--11, 468 ............ $45, 000 ------------------------ 111, 684 Cost----------------- 14, 709 2, 954 4, 007 $33, 042 $924 104, 657 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project__..________..................................................... $26,800 9. STARLINGS CREEK, VA. Location. Starlings Creek, about 1,500 feet long, is an estuary of Pocomoke Sound at the southerly end of Saxis Island, Acco- mack County, Va., about 11 miles southeasterly of Crisfield, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1223 and 1224.) 212 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 60 feet wide from that depth in Pocomoke Sound to the mouth of Starlings Creek, with a turning basin of the same depth and 1,000 feet long and 100 feet wide inside the entrance, all essentially as shown on the project map. The mean range of tide is 2.4 feet. The total cost for new work for the completed project was $16,537. The latest (1950) approved esti- mate of cost for annual maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. (See Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 46, 74th Cong., 1st sess.) This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except that local inter- ests are to furnish spoil disposal areas as needed for future maintenance. Terminal facilities. There is about 1,000 feet of bulkhead wharf available inside the creek, a portion of which is at public property and the balance is in front of the seafood packing houses. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A condition survey and an estimate of yardage of shoal material to be removed was completed by hired labor. The total costs all for maintenance, were $1,303. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. The controlling depth, at mean low water, was 3 feet, ascertained in March 1954. The total costs were $52,323, of which $16,537 was for new work and $35,786 was for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years' 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-- .------------- -------------------------------- ----------- $16, 537 Cost ..---- -------- --------- ---------- -------------- ------------ 16, 537 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- -----------...........----------- ---------------------- $1, 500 35, 983 Cost-------- -- ----------- ----------------------------------- 1, 303 35, 786 10. TANGIER CHANNEL, VA. Location. This is a tidal channel about 1 mile long, extending from Tangier Island, Va., in a northeasterly direction to deep water in Tangier Sound, Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1223.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide from the 8-foot contour in Tangier Sound to day marker No. 4, and thence 8 feet deep and 60 feet wide to the town of Tangier, with an anchorage basin adjacent to the town 400 feet square and 7 feet deep. The length of the section included in the project is about 1 mile, its lower end extending into Tangier Sound. The mean range of tide is 1.7 feet and the extreme tidal range is 4.7 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $72,969. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $2,250. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 213 The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. 107, 63d Cong., 1st sess.) ; changes in channel and anchorage dimensions were authorized by the Public Works Administration January 3, 1934, and by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 51, 72d Cong., 2d sess.), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 141, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). These documents contain the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except that local inter- ests are to furnish spoil disposal areas as needed for future maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are three privately owned pile-and- timber piers and a small marine railway adjacent to the west side of the anchorage basin at Tangier. The piers are generally open to the public when not in use by the owners. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging, by con- tract, to restore the project to authorized dimensions commenced May 3, 1954, and was completed May 10, 1954. A total of 31,622 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and depos- ited on the authorized disposal areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $26,929. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in April 1948. The controlling depths, at mean low water, are as follows: 9.5 feet in the approach channel from Tangier Sound ascertained in May 1954; 5.7 feet in the entrance to the channel, ascertained in August 1953; and 6.2 feet in the basin, ascertained in August 1953. The total costs were $161,213, of which $30,969 (regular funds) and $42,000 (public work funds), were for new work and $88,244 (regular funds) was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------------------ ------------ ---------- -- $72, 969 Cost_-- ----------------- -- ___ .-- - ------------- --------- 1 72,969 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------- $1, 794 ----------------------- $29, 100 90, 415 Cost----- 1, 794-------- 1,-- _- ------ 26, 929 88, 244 1 Includes $42,000 public works funds. 11. WATERWAY ON THE COAST OF VIRGINIA Location. The waterway lies between the barrier beach along the Atlantic Ocean on the east and the Virginia portion of the mainland peninsula on the west. It extends from the south end of Chincoteague Bay through a number of creeks, thoroughfares and bays, to enter Chesapeake Bay in the vicinity of Fishermens Inlet, just south of Cape Charles, the southern tip of the peninsula, for a distance of 83.7 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1220, 1221, and 1222.) Existing project. This provides for an inland waterway 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Chesapeake Bay to Chincoteague Bay, Va. The mean range of tide is about 3 feet. Greater fluctuations 214 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 in water level are caused by high winds and storms. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $759,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 957, 60th Cong., 1st sess.), and modi- fied by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 268, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Local interests are to furnish free of cost to the United States, as and when required, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages resulting from the work of im- provement. These terms have been partially met by local interests. Local interests are expected to meet the terms when required, and will furnish spoil disposal areas for subsequent maintenance. Terminal facilities. The larger towns in the area adjacent to the route of the desired improvement have fairly substantial pile and timber wharves which are used primarily by boats engaged in the seafood business. There are also a number of small landings scattered along the shore between the towns. The Pennsylvania Railroad owns and operates a water terminal at Franklin City. There are also wharves at the various Coast Guard stations in the area. All of the wharves are privately owned, but are open to the public for transaction of business with the owners. No mechanical freight-handling facilities are available. The termi- nals are adequate for existing commerce. A material increase in commerce which would follow the proposed improvement makes desirable but not essential the erection of adequate terminals at Chincoteague, Wachapreague, Willis Wharf, and Oyster. Ade- quate public facilities are available at Ocean City. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, by contract, to a depth of 4 feet and width of 60 feet in the channel in Kegotank Bay and a width of 50 feet in Bogues Bay commenced on June 9, 1954, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. A total of 21,900 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on the authorized spoil areas. The total costs all for maintenance were $10,440. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 14 percent complete. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 3 feet in Cat River, ascertained in October 1945, 0 feet in Bogues Bay, ascertained in April 1954, and 4.0 feet in Kegotank Bay, ascertained in June 1954. The total costs of the existing project were $145,927, of which $107,298 was for new work and $38,629 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 215 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ---- 298 $107, Cost ..... 107,298 Maintenance: Appropriated --------------------------------------------- $27, 300 55,488 Cost - --------------- 10,440 38,629 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project... . .------------------.......... --....-----....... $651,700 12. OCEAN CITY HARBOR AND INLET AND SINEPUXENT BAY, MD. Location. Ocean City is on a barrier island between Sinepuxent Bay and the Atlantic Ocean about 35 miles south of the entrance to Delaware Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1220.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of an in- let between the Atlantic Ocean and Sinepuxent Bay, with a depth of 10 feet and width of 200 feet, protected on the south side by a stone jetty 2,380 feet long and on the north side by a stone jetty projecting 1,531 feet into the Atlantic Ocean and connected on the shore to a timber and stone bulkhead 255 feet long, continuing with a riprap dike 213 feet long and a steel sheet pile bulkhead 460 feet long, along the shore of the inlet; a channel 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the inlet to Green Point, and thence 100 feet wide into Chincoteague Bay; a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water, 100 feet wide, and 3,000 feet long from the inlet channel into the marsh area south of the railroad on the west side of Sinepuxent Bay, with two turning basins of the same depth; and for a channel 6 feet deep and 125 feet wide from the inlet channel to a point opposite North Eight Street in Ocean City, thence 75 feet wide into Isle of Wight Bay. The cost of new work for the completed project was $350,193, exclusive of $500,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $32,- 000. The mean range of ocean tide is 3.4 feet. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Aug. 30, 19352 Construction of an inlet between the Atlantic Ocean Rivers and Harbors Committee and Sinepuxent Bay, 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide, Doc. 38, 72d Cong., 1st sess. protected by jetties, a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the inlet to Ocean City, 6 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Green Point, and 100 feet wide S into Chincoteague Bay. Do _- .. Modification providing a 10- by 100-foot channel Rivers and Harbors Committee from the inlet to the west side of the bay with 2 Doc. 60, 74th Cong., 1st sess. turning basins, a channel 6 feet deep 125 feet wide from the inlet channel to opposite North 8th St., Ocean City, and 75 feet wide into Isle of Wight Bay. 1Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 16, 1933. The site chosen for the inlet under this authorization was that opened just south of Ocean City by natural forces during a severe storm in August 1933. This eliminated the necessity for an 8-foot channel from the inlet to Ocean City. ' Included in Emergency Relief program, 1935. 216 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two storage basins for pleasure and small commercial craft and numerous privately owned pile- and-timber piers and bulkhead wharves on the Sinepuxent Bay side of Ocean City. The commercial fish harbor has a public bulk- head landing about 1,000 feet long, several private bulkhead wharves open to the public for transaction of business with the owners, and a boat repair yard with a marine railway capable of handling boats up to about 150 tons. The Baltimore, Chesapeake & Atlantic Railway has a spur line parallel to and 200 feet from the commercial fish harbor. Adequate space is available for expansion of facilities if required. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey and an estimate of yardage of shoal material to be removed com- menced and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year, by hired labor. Repair of the steel sheet pile bulkhead on the north side of the inlet west of Baltimore Avenue commenced September 4, 1953, and was completed on December 10, 1953, by contract. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $46,270. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1936. The controlling dimensions are as follows: Section Depth Width Date (feet) (feet) ascertained Inlet Channel----------- --------------------------------- 5. 0 200 Feb. 1954. Commercial Fish Harbor..................-----------------------------------.. 11. 7 100 July 1948. Channel to Isle of Wight Bay Inlet to North 9th Street....... 8. 0 125 Oct. 1944. North 9th Street into bay..................--------------------------------- 2. 5 75 May 1954. Channel in Sinepuxent Bay--------------------------------- 5. 0 150 July 1947. Channel in Chincoteague Bay------------------------------- 5. 0 100 July 1947. Depths refer to mean low water (Atlantic Ocean) at Ocean City, Md., which datum is lower than that in the bays. The total costs of the existing project were $910,758, of which $283,008 (public works funds) and $67,185 (Emergency Relief funds) was for new work and $560,565 (regular funds) was for maintenance. In addition, $500,000 of contributed funds was expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: .......................--..------...--..---.. ----------- ------------------------ Appropriated---- $350, 193 Cost ------- ---- ------------ . ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 1 350, 193 Maintenance: Appropriated-..-----------------.$-3, 314 $2, 000 $55, 000 ....-,2-0- 566, 975 Cost ...----------------- $337 113 1, 602 2, 717 $46, 270 560, 565 1Includes $283,008 public works funds and $67,185 Emergency Relief funds; in addition, $500,000 contrib- uted funds was expended fornew work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 217 13. FISHING CREEK, MD. Location. This creek is a narrow winding tidal stream which enters Chesapeake Bay from the west 56 miles south of Baltimore and about 26 miles south of Annapolis, Md. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1225.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep with widths of 100 feet and 60 feet from deep water in Chesapeake Bay to an anchorage of the same depth, 120 feet wide and 400 feet long, located in the marsh 500 feet above the mouth of the creek, and for twin stone jetties at the entrance, the north jetty being about 1,050 feet long, and the south jetty being about 1,100 feet long. The mean tidal range is about 1 foot. The cost of new work for the completed project was $111,242. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 241, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, exceptthat local inter- ests are to furnish spoil disposal areas as needed for future main- tenance. Terminal facilities. Seven hundred feet of bulkhead wharf are available on the south side of the entrance channel running west from the bay shore, and a pile-and-timber wharf has been con- structed on the west side of the basin by the United States Navy Department. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing by contract to restore the project to authorized dimensions was commenced and completed during the fiscal year. A total of 36,311 cubic yards of material, place measure, was removed and deposited on the authorized spoil disposal areas. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $19,007. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1942. The controlling depths, at mean low water, were 7.0 feet in the channel and 7.2 feet in the basin, ascertained in July 1953. The total costs were $207,536, of which $111,242 was for new work and $96,294 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated----- ------------------------------------------------------ $111,242 Cost----------------- 111,242 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... $33, 580 $-7,740 - $24, 344 $-3, 907 96, 294 Cost .----------------- 1, 907 23, 932 ---- .-- 1, 429 19, 007 96, 294 218 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 14. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 full Estimated report, amount Name of project see Operation required to annual Con- and main- complete" report for struction tenance 1. Middle River and Dark Head Creek, Md.... 1947 1$38, 715 $2, 955 2 2. Susquehanna River above and below Havre de Grace, Md............................-------------------------. 1950 3293, 570 89, 423 $30, 700 3. Northeast River, Md.__ --------------------- 1948 28, 489 11, 802 2 4. Elk and Little Elk Rivers, Md. 4 ------------ 1932 690, 121 44, 342 10, 100 5. Rock Hall Harbor, Md...................--- 1953 139, 757 10, 301 58, 000 6. Corsica River, Md.....----------------------- 1948 39, 071 55, 908 2 7. Queenstown Harbor, Md..............------------------ 1947 2044, 858 27, 642 2 8. Channel Connecting Plain 5 Dealing Creek and Oak Creek, Md. 1940 1940 112 ----....... 148, 400 9. Claiborne Harbor, Md.------ _________- 1933 42, 974 48, 584 2 10. Knapps Narrows, Md...........___- _____ - 1951 746, 121 45, 403 2 11. Black Walnut Harbor, Md.....4 _____- - 1950 32, 631 -------------- 12. Tilghman Island Harbor, 4 Md. 89 _........ 1922 30 11, 000 13. Tred Avon River, Md. 5 _ - _______ -- 1950 1012,693 4, 072 58, 600 14. Town Creek, Md.-.-------... ----------. _ 1950 43, 220 - 15. Island Creek, Md.....______.............__.... 1948 6, 230 1, 069 2 16. La Trappe River, Md...........----- -- - 1948 8,064 16, 000 2 17. Choptank River, Md...--------------------- 8 - - - 1953 84, 296 1139,251 2 18. Tuckahoe River, Md. .................. 1923 9, 727 1, 093 2 19. Warwick River, Md.".---------------------- 1948 22, 041 73, 272 2 20. Waterway from Little 5Choptank River to Choptank River, Md. -139__305--__- 1939 305 -_ 105, 000 21. Slaughter Creek, Md.,....................... 1948 4, 140 1, 119 2 22. Duck Point Cove, Md.-___-- ----__ _____-- 1951 25, 289 -- 23. Fishing Bay, Md.__------------------------ 1949 33, 874 46, 529 2 24. Nanticoke River, Md._ --------------------- 1950 73, 243 2, 732 2 25. Nanticoke River (Including Northwest Fork), Del. and Md... -------------------- 1953 1748,815 38, 683 95, 200 26. Broad Creek River, Del...................... 8s - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1950 64, 520 45, 624 2 27. Tyaskin Creek, Md. 1923 16, 297 18, 266 2 28. Upper Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md...... 1953 1262,446 1 359, 790 2 29. Lower Thoroughfare, at or near Wenona, Deal Island, Md.......................----. 1951 44, 658 142,019 2 30. Manokin River, Md. - _------------------ 1919 1534,788 31, 874 2 31. Crisfield Harbor, Md.--------------------- 1948 21264,195 225, 724 32. Broad Creek, Md.__------------------------ 1951 28, 227 58, 742 2 33. Chincoteague Bay, Va._-------- --------- 8 1949 25, 126 23, 459 2 34. Governors Run, Calvert County, Md. _ _ _ _ 1950 ------------- 88, 000 35. Herring Bay & Rockhold8 Creek, -- - - - - -Md..-..... -- -- -- -- -- - 1948 50, 591 9, 844 36. Broadwater Creek, Md.' _ 1949 97, 200 37. Parish Creek, Md.... s ___ - __..........___ -_... 1951 1619,170 6, 826 2 38. Cadle Creek, Md. 8s_- - -- - - - - 1949-------------------- -- - 14, 000 39. Lake Ogleton, Md. ' _ 1950 __._ .. _....... 119, 000 40. Back Creek, Anne Arundel Co., Md.-------- 1946 23, 061 89 41. Annapolis Harbor, Md.--------------------1946 34, 250 1, 672 42. Mill Creek, Md.1 _ 1949 _------------------------ 14, 000 43. Cypress Creek, Md.---.------_ - --- -1947 3, 057 -------------- 1 Exclusive of $165,681 contributed by U. S. Navy Department. 2 Completed. SIncludes $22,905 Works Progress Administration funds and $97,390 prior to adoption of the existing project. SChannels adequate for present commerce. 5Awaiting local cooperation for completion of the project. 8 Exclusive of $8,414 contributed funds. Includes $79,625 expended prior to adoption of the existing project. 7 Includes $46,121 public works funds. 8 Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H.Doc. No. 457, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 9 Insufficient potential commerce to justify the improvement. 10oIncludes $6,000 expended prior to adoption of the existing project. 11 Revoked during fiscal year $604. 12Includes $37,343 public works funds and $330 for previous project. Is Includes $34 for general supervision during fiscal year. 14Includes $394 for general supervision during fiscal year. 15Includes costs of $2,000 incurred outside the project limits. 16Includes $19,170 Works Progress Administration funds. 17Includes $5,000 for new work for previous project. 18Funds have not been appropriated for accomplishment of new work. 19Estimated amount required to complete was revised in 1954. 20Includes costs of $19,000 for previous projects. 21Includes costs of $87,740 for previous projects. 22Includes costs of $2,839 for previous projects. FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 219 15. GENEGANTSLET RESERVOIR, GENEGANTSLET CREEK, N. Y. Location. The Genegantslet dam site is on Genegantslet Creek, 3 miles above its junction with the Chenango River and about 2 miles west of Greene in Chenango County, N. Y. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangle sheet, "Greene, N. Y.") Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a dam of the earth-filled type, 1,660 feet long at the top of the embank- ment and rising 104 feet above the streambed with a gate-con- trolled outlet and a chute spillway in the left abutment. Outlet and spillway will be placed on rock. The reservoir will have a storage capacity of 30,195 acre-feet at spillway crest. The reser- voir area will be 923 acres, and the pool will extend 4.8 miles upstream. The reservoir will control 90 percent of the watershed of Genegantslet Creek, or 6 percent of the Chenango River water- shed above Binghamton, N. Y. The existing project was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, as a modification of the plan for flood control in southern New York and eastern Pennsylvania authorized by the act of June 22, 1936, as modified by the acts of June 28, 1938, and August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 702, 77th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $7,600,000, of which $6,841,000 is for construction and $759,000 for lands and damages. Local cooperation. None required, as section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering studies and preliminary design in connection with revision of the spillway plan were continued during the fiscal year, by hired labor. The total costs, all for new work, were $441. Condition at end of fiscal year. Foundation studies are com- plete, except for construction of an exploration tunnel in the spill- way area for which contract plans and specifications are complete. Preliminary design plans are complete except for the revisions resulting from the spillway model study. The work remaining to be done is completion of foundation investigations, analysis of the spillway model study report and completion of preliminary design, preparation of contract plans and specifications, and construction of the project. The total costs, all for new work, were $211,578. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - ------------ 22, 000 $-34,000 $-4,000 $-422 $211, 578 Cost_ -- $25,365 10,909 3,140 2,529 441 211, 578 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-------.....-------------................................... $7, 388, 000 16. SOUTHERN NEW YORK FLOOD CONTROL PROJECT Location. The work covered by this project is in the upper watershed of the Susquehanna River to and including the Chemung 220 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 River. This includes about 6,050 square miles in south central New York, and about 1,480 square miles in northern Pennsylvania. (See U. S. Geological Survey index maps of New York and Penns- sylvania.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, authorized the construction of detention reservoirs and related flood control works for protection of Binghamton, Hornell, Corning, and other towns in New York and Pennsylvania, in ac- cordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers on recom- mendation of Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, was modified by the acts approved June 28, 1938; August 18, 1941; December 22, 1944; and May 17, 1950. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, modified the local flood protection plan as originally authorized for Corning, N. Y., to provide for flood protection on Monkey Run. The individual units which constitute the approved plan of im- provement are described in the following paragraphs: Davenport Center Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on Charlotte Creek near Davenport Center, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth-filled type, 3,400 feet long at the top of the embank- ment and rising 100 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway in the right abutment and the outlet conduit in the valley floor. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 52,500 acre- feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $11,700,000, of which $8,202,000 is for construction and $3,498,000 is for lands and damages. West Oneonta Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on Otego Creek near West Oneonta, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth- filled type, 1,200 feet long at the top of the main embankment and rising 86 feet above the stream bed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the right abutment. The main embankment will be joined at the left abutment by a low dike, 6,700 feet in length. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 34,500 acre-feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $11,900,000, of which $9,084,000 is for construction and $2,816,000 is for lands and damages. East Sidney Reservoir: This reservoir is located on Ouleout Creek near East Sidney, N. Y. The dam is of the concrete gravity and earth-filled type, 2,010 feet long at the top of the embank- ment and rising 128 feet above the streambed, and 146 feet above firm rock, with five gate controlled outlets in the spillway section of the dam; 750 feet of the dam, including the spillway, is concrete gravity section and 1,250 feet is rolled-earth embankment. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 33,494 acre-feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1953, is $5,889,000 of which $5,269,000 is for construction and $620,000 is for lands and damages. Copes Corner Reservoir: This reservoir will be located on But- ternut Creek near Copes Corner, N. Y. The dam will be of the earth-filled type, 1,150 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 75 feet above the streambed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the right abutment. The reservoir will pro- vide a storage capacity of 37,900 acre-feet. The estimated Fed- FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 221 eral cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $14,100,000, of which $11,443,000 is for construction and $2,657,000 is for lands and damages. Whitney Point Reservoir: The reservoir is located on the Otselic River near Whitney Point, N. Y. The dam is of the earth-filled type, 4,900 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 95 feet above the streambed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the left abutment. The reservoir has a storage capacity of 86,440 acre-feet. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1953, was $5,075,000, of which $3,978,533 was for construction and $1,096,467 was for lands and damages. Arkport Reservoir: The reservoir is located on the Canisteo River near Hornell, N. Y. The dam is of the earth-filled type, 1,200 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising, 113 feet above the streambed, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the right abutment. The reservoir has a storage capacity of 7,900 acre-feet. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $1,910,000, of which $1,777,732 was for construction and $132,268 was for lands and damages. Almond Reservoir: This reservoir is located on Canacadea Creek near Hornell, N. Y. The dam is of the earth-filled type, 1,260 feet long at the top of the embankment and rising 90 feet above the bed of the stream, with a concrete spillway and outlet conduit in the left abutment. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 14,800 acre-feet. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $5,551,000, of which $4,594,500 is for construction and $956,500 is for lands and damages. Oxford, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees and the clearing of the Chenango River channel, consisting of the following features: About 2,100 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Chenango River, extending from high ground near Cemetery Drive and running mostly along the railroad to high ground near Main Street; removal of the dam and island below Main Street; raising of the Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western Railroad over the levee; and appurtenant closure and drainage structures. The improvement provides pro- tection for the village of Oxford on the left bank against a flood discharge substantially larger than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, com- pleted in 1952, was $131,000, of which $96,944 was for construction and $34,056 was for lands. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1952, is $11,000. Lisle, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel re- alinement and the construction of earth levees and concrete flood- walls, consisting of the following features: Relocation of about 3,000 feet of the Dudley Creek channel, extending from 1,200 feet west of the intersection of Cortland and Main Streets to the con- fluence with Tioughnioga River, realinement of some 5,700 feet of the Tioughnioga River channel east of the village; about 4,150 feet of earth levee and 970 feet of concrete wall on the right bank of Dudley Creek and the Tioughnioga River, extending from Main Street just above Collier Street to the railroad crossing on River Street; raising of about 1,860 feet of the Delaware, Lacka- 222 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 wanna & Western single-track railroad over the levee; relocation of about 1,600 feet of Cortland Street; a new bridge over the re- located Dudley Creek; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Lisle against flood discharges 20 percent greater on the Tioughnioga River and about 100 percent greater on Dudley Creek than the correspond- ing discharges of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1954, was $661,199, of which $605,000 was for construction and $56,199 was for lands and damages. Whitney Point, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and construction of earth levees, consisting of the following features: Realinement of about 1,800 feet of the Tioughnioga River channel, above the confluence with the Otselic River; about 7,100 feet of earth levee along the right bank of the Tioughnioga River, extending from high ground on Main Street above the village to Collins Street just below the village; and ap- purtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by the Whitney Point Reservoir above the area, provides protec- tion for the village of Whitney Point against a flood discharge approximately 20 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $424,096, of which $411,653 was for construction and $12,443 was for lands and damages. The esti- mated local costs of lands and damages, revised in 1952, is $100,500. Binghamton, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the construction of earth levees, concrete floodwalls, and appurtenant drainage structures, consisting of the following features: About 850 feet of channel excavation and about 1,375 feet of earth levee along Phelps Creek, town of Port Dickinson; new concrete wall on the right bank of the Chenango River, extending downstream from high ground near the city limits to the existing floodwall below DeForest Street, a distance of about 520 feet; about 150 feet of concrete wall just below Cutler Dam; about 180 feet of concrete wall at the pumphouse near McDonald Avenue; raising the existing earth levees on the right bank of the Chenango River, extending from Cutler Dam downstream for a distance of about 1,220 feet; about 2,915 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Chenango River north of the city limits in the village of Port Dickinson, extending from Church Street to high ground just north of the city line; about 3,900 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Chenango River, extending from DeForest Street to Cutler Dam; new concrete floodwalls and riverbank revetment for a distance of about 5,570 feet extending on the left bank of the Chenango River from Cutler Dam to the junction with the Susquehanna River; about 540 feet of new concrete floodwall and raising about 1,085 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of the Susquehanna River, extending from the Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western Railroad downstream to the Tompkins Street Bridge; about 1,940 feet of earth levee; about 1,940 feet of con- crete floodwall; and capping about 125 feet of concrete floodwall, on the right bank of the Susquehanna River from Stuyvesent FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 223 Street to the mouth of the Chenango River; about 8,380 feet of earth levee; about 2,180 feet of new concrete floodwall and rais- ing about 125 feet of existing floodwall on the left bank of the Susquehanna River extending from Pierce Creek to high ground at State Highway No. 17; a debris dam and flume between Corbett and Hotchkiss Streets and a concrete pressure conduit, 1,060 feet long, to carry the flow of Park Creek from Vestal Avenue to the Susquehanna River; about 665 feet of levee extending from the Erie Railroad to high ground along the right bank of Chamberlain Creek near the mouth; closure structures at the Erie Railroad and at Court Street; a weir, a drop structure, and about 1,800 feet of earth levee, about 2,235 feet of channel excavation; about 645 feet of channel paving, and raising about 470 feet of existing concrete floodwall and about 200 feet of new concrete floodwall for the improvement of Pierce Creek from its mouth to about 1,000 feet above Conklin Avenue; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by authorized flood control dams above the area, will provide protection for the city of Binghamton against a flood discharge approximately 20 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935 on the Chenango River and in March 1936 on the Susquehanna River. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1953, was $2,952,000, of which $2,844,682 was for construction and $107,318 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and dam- ages, revised in 1951, is $720,000. Local interests have contrib- uted an additional amount of $163,095.63 for the construction of improvements not included in the authorized project. Elmira, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees, concrete floodwalls, a concrete conduit, and a pumping station, and consists of the following features: About 17,700 feet of earth levee, and about 4,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of Chemung River, extending from South Hoffman Street to a point below the city near the upper end of Big Island; about 12,100 feet of earth levee and about 6,300 feet of concrete wall on the left bank of the Chemung River ex- tending from Durland Avenue to the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad at the mouth of Newtown Creek; about 10,000 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Newtown Creek, extending from about the intersection of the Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western Railroad and East Church Street to high ground near the intersection of Sullivan and Warren Streets; about 4,300 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Diven Creek; about 2,000 feet of concrete conduit enclosing Hoffman Brook from West Second Street to the Chemung River; clearing islands and river banks of trees and brush for a distance of about 31/2 miles in the Chemung River; about 14,300 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Seely Creek, extending from the Erie Railroad to the high ground approximately 1,000 feet northwest of the intersection of South Broadway and Pennsylvania Avenue; a pumping plant for the disposal of interior drainage; an interceptor sewer about 6,000 feet long, varying in size from 48 to 96 inches in diameter; and appurtenant structures. The improvement provides protection for the city of Elmira against a Chemung River discharge ap- Sig 8-223-254 224 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 proximately equal to that of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $6,755,300, of which $6,596,300 is for construc- tion and $159,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $981,000. Corning, N. Y.: Flood protection for this community was origi- nally authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1936. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a pumping station, earth levees, and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: About 4,300 feet of earth levee, enlargement of about 8,610 feet of existing earth levee, and about 3,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of Chemung River, extending from the Erie Railroad bridge to high ground at Park Avenue below the city; about 200 feet of concrete floodwalls; about 2,500 feet of earth levees, and enlargement of about 11,500 feet of existing earth levee on the left bank of the Chemung and Cohocton Rivers, extending from the Erie Railroad bridge over the Cohocton River to the mouth of Post Creek; about 2,500 feet of earth levee and enlargement of about 4,700 feet of existing earth levee on the right bank of Post Creek from its mouth to Watkins Street; realinement of about 3,000 feet of channel, about 8,800 feet of earth levee, about 3,000 feet of channel excavation, a pressure conduit about 400 feet long, a drop structure and a weir for the improvement of Cutler Creek, extending from its mouth to high ground at Deckertown Road and Hornby Road; and appurtenant drainage structures. Flood protection on Monkey Run was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act of 1950. The plan of improve- ment provides for the construction of 2,010 feet of open flume, 2,320 feet of pressure conduit, storm sewers and appurtenant fa- cilities between the existing improved channel above Sixth Street and the Chemung River at a point immediately east of Pine Street East. The modified improvement will provide protection for the city of Corning against a flood discharge in the Chemung River approxi- mately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946, and on tributary streams against floods of greater magnitude than known to date. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $3,520,000, of which $3,362,317 is for construction and $157,683 is for lands and damages. The esti- mated local cost, revised in 1953, is $967,000, of which $717,900 is for lands and damages and $250,000 is for construction of a portion of the protection on Monkey Run. Painted Post, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel realinement and the construction of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: Realinement of about 6,000 feet of the Cohocton River Channel, extending from about one-half mile above State Highway Route No. 17 to the Chemung River; construction of about 2,500 feet of earth levee and raising of about 1,200 feet of existing floodwall along the left bank of the Cohocton River, extending from the mouth of Hodg- man Creek to the Chemung River; about 2,900 feet of earth levee, and about 2,100 feet of concrete floodwall, extending on the left bank of Hodgman Creek, from its mouth to high ground above State Highway No. 2; and appurtenant drainage structures. The FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 225 improvement provides protection for the village of Painted Post against a flood discharge approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $414,181, of which $402,948 was for construction and $11,233 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $55,000. Addison, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, consisting of the following features: Construction of about 3,100 feet of earth levee and about 700 feet of concrete floodwall on the right bank of the Canisteo River, extending from high ground on Steuben Street near the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad to the mouth of Tuscarora Creek; removal of existing dam, mill, and raceway, from the channel; construction of about 2,200 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Tuscarora Creek, extending from Tuscarora Street to the Canisteo River; construction of 4,600 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Tuscarora Creek, extending from high ground at the southwest edge of the village to high ground at the south- east edge of the village; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Reservoirs above the area, provides protection for the village of Addison against a flood discharge on the Canisteo River approxi- mately 28 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. Protection is provided on Tuscarora Creek against a flobd discharge approximately equal to the maxi- mum flood of record, which occurred in May 1946. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $827,050, of which $814,236 was for construction and $12,814 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $125,500. Bath, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the construc- tion of earth levees and concrete floodwalls along the Cohocton River, consisting of the following features: Construction of about 10,400 feet of earth levee and about 1,250 feet of concrete flood- wall, extending from above Cameron Street to below the turnout of the Bath & Hammondsport Railroad; including about 600 feet of cutoff levee between the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad and U. S. Highway No. 15; three stop-log structures across railroad tracks; a sandbag opening at Cameron Street; and a sill across the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad tracks below Cameron Street; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Bath against a flood discharge approximately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $638,331 for construction. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $56,700. Avoca, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees, channel improvement, and channel re- alinement, consisting of the following features: Improvement and realinement of about 8,300 feet of the Cohocton River channel, ex- tending from above the Erie Railroad to below the junction of 226 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Main Street and U. S. Highway No. 15; construction of about 8,500 feet of earth levee on the left bank of the Cohocton River, extending from high ground above Alexander Avenue to about 1,300 feet below the junction of Main Street and U. S. Highway No. 15; about 4,500 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Salmon Creek, extending from high ground above Alexander Avenue to the Erie Railroad; a new highway bridge for U. S. Highway No. 15 over the Cohocton River; raising of the Erie Railroad bridge 4 feet; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement provides protection for the village of Avoca against a flood dis- charge approximately double the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The Federal cost of new work, completed in 1952, was $436,374, of which $406,589 was for construction and $29,785 was for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1953, is $69,300. Canisteo, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for the con- struction of earth levees, consisting of the following features: About 8,000 feet of earth levees on the right bank of the Canisteo River, extending from high ground 1,570 feet west of State High- way Route No. 21 above the village to a point at the intersection of Ordway Lane and East Main Street; about 7,400 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Purdy and Bennett Creeks, extending from Main Street Bridge to high ground above Greenwood Street; 1,000 feet of earth levee on the right bank of Bennett Creek, ex- tending upstream from Main Street Bridge; a concrete check dam with wing levees from Greenwood Street; a new highway bridge at Greenwood Street; alterations to existing timber check dams in IBennett Creek; channel excavation in Bennett and Purdy Creeks; and appurtenant drainage structures. The improvement, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Reservoirs above the village, provides protection for the village of Canisteo against a flood discharge approximately 30 percent greater on the Canisteo River than the maximum flood of record, and on Bennett and Purdy Creeks the channel capacity will be approximately equal to the discharge of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $976,000, of which $917,000 is for construction and $59,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1951, is $72,000. Hornell, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for channel realinement and the construction of earth levees, concrete flood- walls, and check dams consisting of the following features: Re- alinement of about 4,600 feet of Canisteo River channel, and about 5,800 feet of earth levee on its right bank, extending from Seneca Street upstream to the junction of the Pittsburg, Shawmut & Northern Railroad and the Erie Railroad; construction of about 4,500 feet of earth levee, extending on both sides of Seneca Street FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 227 from the Canisteo River to Wrightman Avenue and the junction of Cleveland Avenue and Bethesda Drive; construction of about 7,200 feet of earth levee, about 2,500 feet of concrete floodwall, and raising of about 1,500 feet of existing concrete floodwall, on the right bank of the Canisteo River, and about 12,000 feet of chan- nel improvement, extending from Seneca Street to the Erie Rail- road; construction of about 2,500 feet of earth levee, about 2,100 feet of concrete floodwall on the left bank of the Canisteo River, extending from a point opposite Walnut Street to the Erie Rail- road; a ring-earth levee about 2,800 feet long around the sewage- disposal plant on the left bank of the Canisteo River; about 4,500 feet of realinement and improvement of the Canisteo River chan- nel, with about 4,500 feet of earth levee on its right bank, extend- ing from Cedar Street downstream to about 1,400 feet above East Avenue; about 2,400 feet of channel paving, 1,400 feet of earth levee, raising of about 1,900 feet of concrete floodwall, and con- struction of one check dam on Canacadea Creek; about 1,600 feet of channel paving and construction of three check dams on Chaun- cey Run with about 300 feet of new wall and about 300 feet of cap- ping; a weir, a check dam, 3,030 feet of channel paving, 4,800 feet of flood walls and levees, and related work on existing walls, all on Crosby Creek; removal of 6 bridges, erection of 4 bridges, miscellaneous bridge structures, and 3 drop structures; and ap- purtenant drainage structures and small stream control works. The improvement, supplemented by the Arkport and Almond Reservoirs above the area, provides protection for the city of Hornell against a flood discharge approximately double the maxi- mum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $4,238,000, of which $3,643,000 is for construction and $595,000 is for lands and dam- ages. Local interest raised or reconstructed three bridges over the improvement and contributed $15,000 towards reconstruction of a fourth bridge. Almond, N. Y.: The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel realinement and the construction of earth levees, consisting of the following features: About 4,750 feet of earth levee on the left bank of Canacadea Creek and McHenry Valley Creek, extending from high ground above the village to high ground below the vil- lage; realinement of about 3,200 feet of channel on Canacadea Creek, extending downstream from Angelica Street; and appurte- nant drainage structures. The improvement will provide protec- tion for the village of Almond against a flood discharge approxi- mately equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in July 1935. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $385,000, of which $379,000 is for construction and $6,000 is for lands and damages. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1949, is $24,000. Dams and reservoirs1 Estimated Federal cost Distance Height Reservoir Name Nearest city River above in capacity mouth feet acre-feet Con- Lands and Total miles struction damages 4 I I Davenport Center_ Oneonta_ Charlotte Creek__ 5 100 52, 500 $8, 202, 000 $3, 498, 000 $11, 700, 000 d West Oneonta ... do Otego Creek_ 2 86 34, 500 9, 084, 000 2, 816, 000 11, 900, 000o East Sidney 2_ _ _ Sidriey_ Ouleout Creek_ 4 146 33, 494 5, 269, 000 620, 000 5, 889, 000 Copes Corner_ do ...... Butternut Creek_ 3 75 37, 900 11, 443, 000 2, 657, 000 14, 100, 000 Whitney Point Binghamton Otselic River___ 1 95 86,440 3, 978, 533 1, 096, 467 5, 075, 000 O Arkport - - Hornell_ Canisteo River__ 50 113 7, 900 1, 777, 732 132, 268 1, 910, 000 - Almond 2 do_ Canacadea Creek_ 3 90 14, 800 4, 594, 500 956, 500 5, 551, 000 Total_______ _'$44, 348, 765 $11, 776, 235 $56,125, 000 1 All dams are located in New York State; all are of earth fill type except East Sidney. 2 Reservoir in operation. s Project completed. 4 Includes relocations. z 50 20 Local flood-protection works Estimated Federal cost Distance Location, New York River above mouth Type of structure Lands and Total miles Construction damages 3 Oxford Chenango___ _ 40 Levee and channel improvement _- $96, 944 $34, 056 $131, 000 Lisle'_____________ __ Tioughnioga_ 12 Wall, levee, and channel realinement------- 661, 801 56, 199 718, 000 0 Whitney Point Tioughnioga_ 10 Levee and channel realinement... ... ..--------------------- 411, 653 12, 443 424, 096 O Binghamton3 Susquehanna. 328 Wall, levee, and conduit ------------------------------ _ '42, 844, 682 107, 318 42, 952, 000 O Elmira' 2 Chemung_ 27 Wall, levee, and conduit...- - 6, 596, 300 159, 000 6, 755, 300 Corning Chemung_ 44 Wall, levee, flume and conduit___ _______________-_--_. 53, 362, 317 157, 683 53, 520, 000 0 3 Painted Post Cohocton__ 0 Wall, levee and channel realinement- __402, 948 11, 233 414, 181 Addison Canisteo_ 8 Wall, levee and channel realinement_ -814, 236 12, 814 827, 050 z Bath- - Cohocton ............. 21 Wall and levee__ 638, 331-------- - 638, 331 Avoca3 _ Cohocton 30 Levee, channel improvement & relinement . .' 406, 589 29, 785 436, 374 Canisteo_______________________ Canisteo__________ 36 Levee and wall___ ______ 917, 000 59, 000 976, 000 H Hornell_____________________ 7_ Canisteo_ 42 Wall, levee and channel realinement ___-__ ____-3, 643, 000 595, 000 4, 238, 000 0 Almond Canacadea Creek 6 Levee and channel realinement--------------------------- 379, 000 6,000 385, 000 Total $21,174, 801 $1, 240, 531 $22, 415, 332 --------- 1Project in operation. H 2 Part of project completed. 0 ' Project complete. O 4 Does not include contributed funds of $160,095.63 by the City of Binghamton and $3,000 by the village of Port Dickinson. 5 Does not include $250, 000 of construction by State of New York and $40, 000 contrib- uted funds by the City of Corning on Monkey Run. 6 Does not include contributed funds of $15,000 by the City of Hornell. 7 Local cooperation withdrawn, project authorization expired May 26, 1953. Os y H H H 230 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except as described in the following paragraphs: Local cooperation for Almond, N. Y., has been withdrawn. Sec- tion 2 of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, is effec- tive, and authorization for the Almond, N. Y., project expired May 26, 1953. The Flood Control Act of 1950, which modifies the plan of im- provement for Corning, N. Y., to include flood protection on Mon- key Run, specifies, in addition to the general requirements, that local interests shall (1) restore city streets and pavements over the flume and conduit, including bridge slabs and superstructures where highways cross the flume; (2) contribute $250,000 in cash or an equivalent amount of construction or reconstruction work; (3) provide, operate, and maintain without cost to the United States adequate pumping capacity for disposal of storm waters draining through the property of the Corning Glass Works and not intercepted by the Monkey Run improvement; and (4) protect Monkey Run from any future encroachment or obstruction includ- ing waste disposal that would reduce its flood-carrying capacity. Formal assurances of cooperation by local interests have been furnished and accepted, as follows: Local interests will construct a portion of conduit of sufficient length to equal a cash contribu- tion of $250,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. Davenport Center Reservoir, N. Y.: Preliminary plans were revised to conform with present criteria, by hired labor. The total costs, all for new work, were $7,476. West Oneonta Reservoir, N. Y.: None. East Sidney Reservoir, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the cost of lands acquired for the project was continued, by hired labor, and installation of gate heaters was completed, by contract. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $19,176, of which $1,458 was for new work and $17,718 was for maintenance. Copes Corner Reservoir, N. Y.: None. Whitney Point Reservoir, N. Y.: Normal operation and main- tenance was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $15,637. Arkport Reservoir, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $9,788. Almond Reservoir, N. Y.: Installation of the gate heaters and reimbursement to the State of New York for the cost of lands acquired for the project was completed by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $18,062, of which $5,264 was for new work and $12,798 was for maintenance. Oxford, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the proj- ect was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $50. Lisle, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 231 cost of lands acquired for the project was completed, by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $2,941, of which $169 was for new work and $2,772 was for maintenance. Whitney Point (Village), N. Y.: Normal operation and main- tenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $1,966. Binghamton, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $3,770. Elmira, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the costs of lands acquired for the project was continued, by hired labor. Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $7,430, of which $4,830 was for new work and $2,600 was for maintenance. Corning, N. Y. (original project) : Normal operation and main- tenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $6,666. Corning, N. Y. (Monkey Run): Construction of a portion of the conduit by the State of New York in fulfillment of the terms of local cooperation commenced in September 1953 and was com- pleted in April 1954. Construction of Monkey Run conduit, by contract, commenced October 6, 1953 and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of construction in- cluded removal of 798 cubic yards of concrete and masonry structures, excavating 16,295 cubic yards of common material, excavating 905 cubic yards of trench material, placing 8,920 cubic yards of backfill, placing 3,450 cubic yards of concrete, erecting 19,570 square feet of conduit sheeting and shoring, placing 512,570 pounds of steel reinforcement, and laying 1,550 square yards of gravel surfacing. Construction of the flume, by contract, commenced April 6, 1954, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of construction included clearing of 50 percent of the site, excavating 1,300 cubic yards of common material, pouring 676 cubic yards of concrete for the intake, and placing 85,450 pounds of steel reinforcement. The total costs, all for new work, were $551,235. Painted Post, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $2,055. Addison, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $989. Avoca, N. Y.: Normal operation and maintenance of the proj- ect was continued, by hired labor. The total costs, all for main- tenance, were $11,605. Canisteo, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for the cost of lands acquired for the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $10,550, of which $4,696 was for new work and $5,854 was for maintenance. Hornell, N. Y.: Reimbursement to the State of New York for cost of lands acquired for the project was continued, by hired labor. Construction of levee closure across the abandoned Pitts- 232 REPORT Ofr CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 burgh, Shawmut & Northern Railway Company tracks was com- pleted; by hired ;labor. Normal operation and maintenance, of the project was continued, by hired labor. The total costs were $27,704, of which $19,649 was for new work and $8,055 was for maintenance. Operations and results during the fiscal year. There were no flood producing storms of consequence in the areas protected by the Southern New York Flood Control project. The reservoir gates at East Sidney Dam were operated during a minor flood and ice jam on February 17th to 19th, 1954 and were effective in reducing river stages at downstream centers. Federal maintenance responsibilities were carried out as re- quired. Local interests, when required, carried out maintenance responsibilities in accordance with flood control regulations pre- scribed by the Secretary of the Army, and explanatory instruc- tions contained in the respective operation and maintenance manuals. The total costs were $697,100, of which $594,777 was for new work, and $102,323 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is approximately 52 percent complete, exclusive of the Stillwater, Genegantslet, and South Plymouth Reservoirs. The latter two reservoirs in the State of New York and the Stillwater Reservoir in the State of Pennsylvania, were authorized by the 1944 Flood Control Act to supplement the comprehensive flood control program for South- ern New York and Eastern Pennsylvania, and are reported sepa- rately. The cost of new work and maintenance to June 30, 1954, and the percentage of construction of new work completed for each project unit are as follows: FLOOD CONTROL---BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 233 Cost to June 30, 1954 Percentage of construction Unit completed New work Maintenance Reservoirs: Davenport Center'- 400 $286, West Oneonta'... 189,100 E ast Sidney' _---_------- ---- --- ---- ------- 5, 810, 698 79, 558 100 (1950) Copes Corner' -7_ 160, 700 Whitney7 _Point __ 5, 075, 000 205, 464 100 (1942) Arkport6 - 1, 910, 000 74, 112 100 (1939) Almond _. - 5, 547, 792 64, 890 100 (1949) Local flood7 protection: 7 _ _ __ _._._ Oxford __ . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . 131, 000 2, 085 100 (1938) Lisle _..... 7 661, 199 8, 095 100 (1948) Whitney Point 2 Village 424, 096 7,669 100 (1948) Binghamton 6 _ 7 2, 952, 000 37, 151 100 (1943) Elmira'. 3 - - - - - - 6, 724, 210 4, 211 100 (1950) Cornings - 7_ 2, 814,173 39, 368 80 Painted 7Post _ 414, 181 7,105 100 (1938) Addison 7 - - 827, 050 5,390 100 (1947) Bath 7- - 638,332 100 (1948) Avoca 436, 374 21, 032 100 (1939) Canisteo 4 973,913 29,200 100 (1948) Hornell 6 s 4,195, 684 100, 681 100 (1941) Almond Village' 24,622 . T otal. . . .-- -- - - - - - . . . . __ . 40, 196, 524(10) 686, 011 1Cost for preliminary work only. 2 Does not include $163,096 contributed funds. 8 Includes Monkey Run. Excludes $250,000 of construction by the State of New York and $40,000 con- tributed funds by the City of Corning. 4Includes Canacadea Creek, Chauncey Run, and Crosby Creek. 5 Local cooperation withdrawn, project authorization expired May 26, 1953. 6 Operationally complete. Financially complete. 8 Does not include $15,000 contributed funds. 9Year operationally completed indicated in parenthesis. '0 Does not include $178,096 contributed funds. The remaining work necessary to complete the existing project is as follows: Reimburse the State of New York for the cost of land acquired for East Sidney Reservoir and for the channel im- provement portions of Elmira, Canisteo and Hornell local pro- tection units; reimburse the State of New York for the cost of relocating telephone lines on the Hoffman Brook portion of the Elmira unit; and on Chauncey Run at Hornell; complete engi- neering studies, design and preparation of plans and construct the remaining project units comprising Davenport Center, West Oneonta, and Copes Corner Reservoirs; complete construction of flood protection on the Monkey Run modification of the Corning unit; and prepare contract plans and specifications and install gates on outlets at Lisle and on the original Corning unit. The total costs were $40,882,535, of which $39,461,252 (regular funds) and $735,272 (Emergency Relief funds) were for new work and $686,011 was for maintenance. In addition $178,096 was costed from contributed funds. 234 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-........ $2, 095,000 $556, 000 $17, 033 $484, 400 $171, 499 1 $40,632, 354 Cost.--------------- 1, 957, 045 871, 115 1,134, 154 174, 257 594, 777 140,196, 524 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 67, 500 66, 900 85, 432 82, 955 112, 500 703, 987 Cost----------------- 78, 186 77, 880 79, 598 84, 341 102, 323 686, 011 1 Includes $735,272 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954...................... $63,785 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ......... 364,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----......---...--....................---------..-------- 427,785 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------...................------------------........................................ 37,544,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Contributed-- .-------------- $ Cost......----------------------------............ $15, 000- - $40, 000 1,000............ $218, 096 178,096 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954........-..................... $40,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, ------------------- 40,000 ........-- 1955....................................................... 17. SWOYERSVILLE AND FORTY FORT, PA. Location. Swoyersville and Forty Fort, Pa., are situated on the Susquehanna River in Luzerne County, Pa. (See U. S. Geologi- cal Survey quadrangle sheet, "Pittston, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of levees and related works along the north bank of the Susquehanna River, along Abrahams Creek, and at Car- penters Creek. The improvement will provide protection for the communities of Swoyersville, Forty Fort, Wyoming, West Wyoming,. Exeter, and part of West Pittston, against a flood dis- charge equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred iri March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 702, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) The estimated Federal cost for new work, FLOOD CONTROL-BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 235 revised in 1954, is $4,160,000 for construction. The estimated local cost of lands and damages, revised in 1952, is $166,800. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of cooperation by local interests have been furnished and were approved on March 4, 1953. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Construction by con- tinuing contract of the first unit of the project, along the right bank of the Susquehanna River, commenced on July 9, 1953, and was in progress at the close of this fiscal year. The major items of work completed under the above contract included clearing of the site, excavating 27,920 cubic yards of unclassified mate- rial, excavating 213,850 cubic yards of borrow material, placing 130,960 cubic yards of levee embankment, and laying 4,054 linear feet of corrugated metal pipe. Construction by continuing con- tract of the second unit consisting of levee and diversion channel for Abrahams Creek commenced on May 4, 1954, and was in progress at the end of the fiscal year. Contract plans and speci- fications for the third unit of the project were in progress. The total costs, all for new work were $420,400. Condition at end of fiscal year. The first and second units of construction are 40 percent and 2 percent complete, respectively. Contract plans and specifications for the third unit of the project will be completed early in 1955. The work remaining is com- pletion of construction under the contracts for the first and second units of the project; completion of contract plans, speci- fications and construction of the uncompleted two units. The total costs, all for new work, were $596,352. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated........ $48, 500 $50, 000 $-29,500 $896, 000 $400, 000 395, 000 $1, Cost..-...-.-..--...- 45, 933 7, 182 11, 829 81, 008 420, 400 596, 352 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............ 115,242 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.......---. 400,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955...... ------------------------------------------ 515,242 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project......................... 2,365,000 ..................................... 18. WILLIAMSPORT, SUSQUEHANNA RIVER, PA. Location. Williamsport, the county seat of Lycoming County, Pa., is located on the left bank of the West Branch of the Sus- 236 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 quehanna River, 40 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geologi- cal Survey quadrangle sheets, "Trout Run and Williamsport, Pa.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and concrete floodwalls and appurtenant structures, consisting of the following features: About 26,200 feet of earth levee and 3,060 feet of concrete flood- wall along the left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, extending from high ground near Sheridan Street, gener- ally parallel to and on the right bank of Millers Run to the Sus- quehanna River, thence extending upstream along the left bank of the river and Lycoming Creek; about 29,900 feet of earth levee and 860 feet of concrete floodwall along the left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, extending from high ground at Bottle Run generally parallel to and on the right bank of Lycoming Creek to the Susquehanna River, thence extending upstream along the left bank of the river to Carothers Lane, thence to high ground along the Pennsylvania Railroad; about 11,400 feet of earth levee and 880 feet of concrete floodwall along the right bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in South Williamsport, extending from high ground at Central Avenue and Charles Street, along Charles Street to the river, thence upstream along the river to high ground at May- nard Street; a reinforced concrete pressure culvert about 1,390 feet long and a flume 470 feet long to provide for control of Hagermans Run; 10 pumping stations for the disposal of inte- rior drainage; and appurtenant closure and drainage structures. The improvement will provide protection for the city of Wil- liamsport and the borough of South Williamsport and part of Old Lycoming Township against a flood discharge equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in March 1936. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936. The current estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $13,500,000 for construction, which does not include an estimated $117,061 of local contributions. The estimated local cost of lands, damages, and utility relocations, revised in 1952, is $1,717,800. Local cooperation. Local interests have furnished assurances that all requirements will be complied with. Levee Unit No. 1: Construction by contract of the second phase of seepage control system on the landside of the existing levee on the left bank of the West Branch Susquehanna River com- menced on February 3, 1953, and was completed on August 31, 1953. The major items of work included placing 2,027 cubic yards of berm fill, and laying 319.7 linear feet of relief wells. Levee Unit No. 4: Construction by contract of levee unit 4A was commenced on May 4, 1953, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work included, stripping 2,700 cubic yards of embankment foundation, excavation 10,940 cubic yards of common material, 59,000 cubic yards of channel excavation, excavated 51,230 cubic yards of borrow material. Construction by contract of Mill Race and Spring Run pumping stations, and control manholes in levee unit 1, commenced FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD,, DISTRICT ! 237 on April 30, 1954, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work included, clearing of 50 percent of the site, and excavating 150 cubic yards of unclassified mate- rial. Construction by contract of levee unit 4B commenced on March 24, 1954, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work included, stripping 4,900 cubic yards of levee embankment foundation, excavating 16,500 cubic yards of common material, 26,000 cubic yards of channel excava- tion, excavating 56,000 cubic yards of borrow material, placing 24,500 cubic yards of miscellaneous fill, and placing 54,000 cubic yards of levee embankment. Construction by contract of levee unit 4C, commenced on June 16, 1954, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. LeVee Unit No. 5: Construction by contract of levee units 5A and 5B was continued and completed on October 1, 1953. The major items of work accomplished during this fisal year were, clearing 35 percent of the site, stripping 3,361 cubic yards of material, excavating 108,852 cubic yards of unclassified and bor- row material, and placing 84,313 cubic yards of levee embank- ment. Construction of levee unit 5C by contract commenced on Feb- ruary 25, 1953, and was in progress at the close of the fiscal year. The major items of work accomplished during the fiscal year in- cluded the excavation of 64,900 cubic yards of common material, excavation of 147,000 cubic yards of borrow material, excavation of 5,440 cubic yards of backfill, placing 180,100 cubic yards of levee embankment, placing 13,000 cubic yards of miscellaneous fill, placing of 6,210 cubic yards of riprap, and laying 1,900 square yards of gravel surfacing. Levee Unit No. 6: Raising of railroad tracks on Charles Street by contract, commenced on November 9, 1953, and was completed on December 15, 1953. The total costs, all for new work, were $1,110,599, of which $1,081,556 was regular funds and $29,043 was contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The entire project is 85 per- cent complete. Responsibility for operation and maintenance of the completed work on levee units 1, 2, and 3 was formally trans- ferred to local interests on September 1, 1950, and levee unit 6 on August 30, 1952. The work remaining to be done is as follows: Levee Unit No. 3: Construction of control manholes with sluice gates to supplement existing flap gates was approved on the two conduits 24-inches in diameter and larger. Levee Unit No. 4: Complete construction of levee unit 4A, by contract. Complete construction of Mill Race and Spring Run pumping stations, and control manholes for levee unit 1, by con- tract. Complete construction of levee unit 4B, by contract. Complete construction of levee unit 4C, by contract. Levee Unit No. 5: Complete construction of levee unit 5C, by contract. The total costs, all for new work, were $11,519,217, of which $11,416,269 was regular funds, $101,061 was contributed funds, and $1,887 was Emergency Relief funds. 238 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financialsummary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated.-...... $1, 700, 000 $330, 000 $775,000 $1, 037, 500 $850,000 $12, 337,237 Cost---------------.............. 2, 172, 905 970, 644 49, 398 837, 242 1, 081, 66556 11, 418,156 1Includes $1,887 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............................ $156, 929 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.........-...... 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, ............................------------------------..-------- 1955 ..............------------....... 656,929 ........................--.............. Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project------ ------------------------..--. 662, 800 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Contributed--------- $39, 200 $-3, 140----- - $32, 481 $3,043 $117, 061 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 29,681 29,043 101,061 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ......................... $16, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.... . .. .. .....-----------------------------------------------.. 16,000 19. YORK, CODORUS CREEK, PA. Location. York, Pa., is on Codorus Creek, 10 miles above its confluence with the main Susquehanna River. Codorus Creek with its tributary branches is located in York County in the south and central parts of Pennsylvania. (See U. S. Geological Survey quad- rangle sheets, "Pennsylvania--York and Hanover.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of Indian Rock Dam, an earth and rock fill dam about 1,000 feet long at the top, rising 83 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing for the controlled storage of 28,000 acre-feet at the elevation of the spillway crest. The dam site is located on the main branch of Codorus Creek about 3 miles above York. The outlet works are located in the right abutment and the uncontrolled spillway is located on the right bank, discharging upstream from the. tunnel outlet. The reservoir will control the entire drainage area of the main branch of Codorus Creek and 41 percent of the drainage area above York. The plan also provides for improve- ments to Codorus Creek channel in the vicinity of and through the FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 239 city of York for a distance of about 22,969 feet extending from 300 feet above Richland Avenue to a point downstream from the Pennsylvania Railroad crossing known as Black Bridge. The im- provements, which will increase the channel capacity to 24,000 cubic feet per second, include widening and deepening the chan- nel, constructing bank protection, removing the York Roller Mill Dam, and the construction of a low water channel approximately 3,900 feet in length in the vicinity of the York Roller Mill Dam. The improvement will provide protection for the city of York against a flood discharge approximately 33 percent greater than the maximum flood of record, which occurred in August 1933. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $5,- 090,000, of which $4,565,000 is for construction and $525,000 is for lands and damages. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Continued reim- bursement to owners for title to land acquired for the channel por- tion of the project; continued normal operation and maintenance of the project, by hired labor. The total costs were $27,148, of which $612 was for new work and $26,536 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was completed in September 1952; however, the project was opera- tionally complete in November 1947. The work remaining to be done is complete reimbursement to property owners for lands acquired for the channel portion of the project and prepare final reports, by hired labor. The total costs were $5,251,672, of which $5,036,006 (regular funds) and $11,588 (Emergency Relief funds) were for new work and $204,078 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 ing fiscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated------------------ $90, 100 -.-- . $---52, 000 $2, 000 1 $5, 049, 988 Cost--.------------- $126, 486 74, 871 $99, 452 14, 823 612 1 5,047, 594 Maintenance: Appropriated--------....... 20, 500 21,100 33, 568 20, 045 29, 000 207, 613 Cost...----------------- 19, 518 21, 659 33, 424 19, 540 26, 536 204, 078 1 Includes $11,588 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.....$... .......... $1,978 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955................................................................... 1,978 240 REPORT OF.CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY,: 1954 20. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 3l,-1954 Estimated 'full report amount Name of project :see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and . .complete.314 for- maintenance 1. South. Plymouth Reservoir, Canasawacta Creek, N. Y.-------..-------- - 1953 2$100, 036 - $7, 700, 000 2. Stillwater Reservoir, Lackawanna River, Pa.' 1953 : " 80, 000- -_ 8, 800, 000 -3.Wllkes-Barre-Hanover Township,: Ssque- hanna River, Pa. -1953 48,788, 957 4. Nanticoke, Pa:. - 7 --- - 1937 1937 _ __1, 700, 00Q 953, 000 5. West Pittston, Pa. ___ ..... 6. KingstonmEdwardsville; Susquehanna River, Pa.' 1953 94, 410, 969 ............ . 25, 000 7. Plymouth, Susquehanna River, Pa......... 1953 101, 866, 189 8. Sunbury, Susquehanna River, Pa.' _ 1953 "6, 062, 000 - 14, 000 9. Tyrone, Pa.'.__ __ 1953 12135, 516 8, 644, 00 13 10. Federalsburg, Marshyhope Creek, Md. _____ 1941 4, 061I 515, 900 1 Funds have not been appropriated for accomplishment of construction. 2 Revoked during fiscal year $108. 3 Estimate of Federal cost revised in 1954. Expended for general supervision during fiscal year $54. Includes $872,715 Emergency Relief funds. In addition $36,375 Emergency Relief funds were expended prior to adoption of the project. Completed. 6 No funds have been allotted and no work has been done on this project. In accordance with the provisions of the 1941 Flood Control Act,, the 5-year limitation clause on assurances of local cooperation has been invoked. The project authorization will expire Oct. 19, 1955. 7 No funds have been allotted and no work has been done on this project. In accordance with the provisions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, the 5-year limitation clause on assurances of local cooperation has been invoked. The project authorization will expire Nov. 28, 1955. ' Project in operation. Expended for general supervision during fiscal year $772. Includes $1,162,548 Emergency Relief funds. In addition $225,877 Emergency Relief funds were expended prior to adoption of the project.. 1oExpended for general supervision during fiscal year $157. Includes $4,357 Emergency Relief funds. 11Expended for general supervision during fiscal year $1,603. In addition, $140,504 expended from con- tributed funds. 12Revoked during fiscal year $84. 1s Awaiting local cooperation. 14Estimated amounts required to complete were revised in 1954. 21. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of this work during the fiscal year amounted to $13,310 of which $3,310 was for naviga- tion studies, and $10,000 was for flood control studies. The balance unexpended June 30, 1954, $1,133 plus additional funds in the amount of $31,354, a total of $32,487 will be applied as follows: Navigation studies ........................ $22,487 Flood control studies ....................... 10,000 Total .................................. $32,487 Collection and study of basic data. The cost of this work during the fiscal year amounted to $1,854. The unexpended balance on June 30, 1954 was $3,146. 22. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Projects transferred to local interests for operation and main- tenance were inspected as required by hired labor. Investigations of completed drainage structures to ascertain the need for and cost to install emergency controls on outlets through levees and floodwalls were made, by hired labor. The total costs during the year amounted to $20,500. FLOOD CONTROL--BALTIMORE, MD., DISTRICT 241 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated $1, 540 $900 $800 $20, 500 $23, 740 Cost 439 1, 726 930 14,422 17, 517 23. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control. (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). A study and review of the snagging and clearing project at Newton Creek, Bainbridge, N. Y., was completed by hired labor. The total costs, all for new work, were $2,380. Removal of debris and channel clearing on the Lackawanna River and tributaries at Scranton, Pa., were completed in fiscal year 1943. Clearing and snagging operations on the Chenango River at Port Dickinson, N. Y., and downstream from Cutler Dam at Binghamton, N. Y., were completed in fiscal year 1950. Removal of growth and obstructions on two islands and clearing of left bank of the West Branch of the Susquehanna River in the vicinity of Milton, Pa., was completed in fiscal year 1952. A study and review of the project on Newton Creek, Bainbridge, N. Y., was completed during fiscal year 1954. The work remaining to be done is completion of the project on Newton Creek, Bainbridge, N. Y. The total costs, all for new work, were $86,826. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated $50, 000 $20, 000 $-28, 233 $-12, 800 --- _- $86, 826 Cost_ __________363 6, 35, 174 3, 622 163 $2, 380 86, 826 Flood control emergencies-repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). Preliminary investigations, by hired labor, of outlets through levees and floodwalls at Kingston-Edwardsville, Pa., was in prog- ress at the close of fiscal year. Practice exercises for flood fighting and rescue work were held at Sunbury, Pa. on April 25, 1954 with the assistance of interested state and local agencies. Final reports and audits in connection with wall repairs at Chauncey Run and Canacadea Creek, Hornell, N. Y. were continued during the fiscal year by hired labor. Final reports for work accomplished on Lycoming Creek at Wil- liamsport, Pa. were completed during the fiscal year by hired labor. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $5,122. Emergency flood control repairs to Mile Post cutoff levee at Sun- 242 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 bury, Pa., resulting from the May 1946 flood were completed by contract during the fiscal year 1947. Construction of river bank stabilization at Wilkes-Barre, Pa., was completed April 13, 1949, by contract. Emergency wall repairs along Chauncey Run and Canacadea Creek, Hornell, N. Y. were completed by contract during fiscal year 1952. Emergency repairs to levee embankment along the right bank of Lycoming Creek, at Williamsport, Pa., were completed during fiscal year 1953, by contract. Practice exercises for flood fighting and rescue work were held at Sunbury, Pa. on April 25, 1954, with the assistance of interested state and local agencies. Emergency operations in connection with flood fighting have been completed as required. The total costs, all for maintenance, were $314,346 of which $269,261 was Federal funds and $45,085 was contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated........ -$41, 500 $115, 000 $1, 795 -$1,600 --$19, 500 1$318, 342 Cost----------------- 13,483 22,254 64,599 13,377 5,122 1 314,346 1In addition, $45,085 contributed funds was expended for maintenance work. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WASHINGTON, D. C., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of south central Pennsylvania, western Maryland, eastern West Virginia, and northern Virginia embracing the western part of Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries from Cove Point, Md., to a line due west through Wolf Trap Light to the watershed line between the northerly arm of Winter Harbor and Garden Creek, Va. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Washington Harbor, D. C......... 243 9. Anacostia River Basin, Flood 2. Potomac River, North Side of Protection and Navigation Washington Channel, D. C. 246 Improvements, D. C. and 3. Potomac River and Tributaries Md........................................... 259 at and below Washington, 10. Cumberland, Md. and Ridge- D. C., Elimination of Water- ley, W. Va.............................. 260 chestnuts----..------------.............................. 248 11. Savage River Dam, Md............. 263 4. Little Wicomico River, Va-..--... 249 12. Salem Church Reservoir, Va..... 264 5. Rappahannock River, Va. 6. Maintenance, Operation, and ------..... 250 13. Inactive flood control projects.. 14. General investigations................ 266 266 Capital Outlay of the Wash- 15. Inspection of completed flood ington Aqueduct .................... 252 control works .........----------................-- 266 7. Inactive navigation projects...... 258 8. Inactive miscellaneous Civil Works projects------------........................ 258 1. WASHINGTON HARBOR, D. C. Location. Washington Harbor is located within the District of Columbia at the junction of the Anacostia River with the Potomac River which flows in a southeasterly direction 108 miles to the Chesapeake Bay. It is southerly 202 miles by water from Balti- more, Md., and northerly 195 miles from Norfolk, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) Previous projects. The original project for the Potomac River was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1833, July 11, 1870, and August 2, 1882. For further details, see page 1791 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 295 of Annual Report for 1934. The River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890, author- ized an allotment for work on the Anacostia River; joint resolution of Congress of April 11, 1898, made appropriation for a survey; and a project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 87, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1899, p. 1443). For further details see page 430 of the Annual Report for 1932 and page 421 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This project is a combination and extension of the latest projects for the Potomac River at Washington, D. C., and the Anacostia River, D. C. The project provides for: (1) Vir- ginia Channel, from Giesboro Point to Francis Scott Key Bridge, 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide, with the width increased as neces- sary to afford a low water cross-section area of 25,000 square feet; (2) Washington Channel, from Hains Point to the head of Wash- ington Channel, 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide; (3) Anacostia 243 244 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 River from Giesboro Point to Anacostia Bridge, 24 feet deep and 400 feet wide, with turning basin 800 feet wide and approximately 2,400 feet long of same depth opposite the Naval Gun Factory; (4) Anacostia River from Anacostia Bridge, 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide to turning basin 400 feet square of same depth at foot of Fifteenth Street SE. The channel lengths including turning basins are: Virginia Channel, 25,000 feet; Washington Channel, 10,000 feet: and Anacostia River, 15,000 feet; (5) operation and maintenance of the inlet gates and lock and the outlet gates of the Tidal Basin constructed under a previous project to flush the Wash- ington Channel. The plane of reference is low water datum which is 0.35 foot below mean low tide as observed from 1932 to 1942. Tidal ranges are: Mean, 2.9 feet; irregular, 4.5 feet; and extreme, 10.7 feet. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1954, is $558,000, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $83,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors, Committee Doc. 22, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published maps are in the project document. Local cooperation. Not required. Terminal facilities. On the Virginia Channel (Georgetown water front) there are 10 wharves generally of the bulkhead type, of timber, stone, and concrete, privately owned. Railroad and crane service are available at a number of the wharves. On the Washington Channel there are 2 yacht basins with a total capacity for 198 yachts, under jurisdiction of the District of Columbia and 12.wharves of open pile and bulkhead construction, all owned by the Federal Government, but most of which are leased to private parties or serve governmental agencies. On the Anacostia River there are about 23/4 miles of commercial water front on which are located 7 privately owned and 2 Government wharves, and 3,500 linear feet of bulkhead with slips for governmental agencies. In addition, there are numerous small stagings and floats used by yacht clubs for mooring small boats. Some of the wharves and slips have transfer and rail facilities. The wharves of the Wash- ington Harbor are only open to the public by special arrangement, except for the District of Columbia fish wharves on the Wash- ington Channel. Terminal facilities, except for those in the Washington Channel, are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Tidal Basin gates were repaired and operated by hired labor throughout the year at a cost of $8,276. A hydrographic survey to determine channel conditions in the RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 245 Virginia Channel from Hains Point to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge was made in September 1953. The work was accomplished by hired labor and Government plant at a cost of $3,081. "-Maintenance dredging was performed by contract in the Vir- ginia Channel from Hains Point to the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge from April 15 to May 20, 1954. A total of 388,766 cubic yards of material was dredged from the channel and deposited in adjacent disposal area at a cost of $71,852. A hydrographic survey to determine channel conditions in the Anacostia River from Hains Point to the Anacostia Bridge was made in May 1954. The work was accomplished by hired labor and Government plant at a cost of $1,615. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports chargeable to the project was $7,755. The cost of supervision and administration for the year was $1,865. Total costs for the year were $94,444, all for maintenance. Condition at end of, fiscal year. The existing:project was started in April 1937 and was about 50 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The channels and basins in the Anacostia River are complete and those at the forks of the channel at Hains Point are partially complete. Except for dredging between the limits of 2,000 feet above and 3,000 feet below the Memorial Bridge, no new work has been done downstream of Key Bridge in Virginia Channel. The controlling depths in the channels throughout the harbor were as follows: Controlling Name of channel depth Date Potomac River, Virginia Channel from Giesboro Point to Key 119. 2 feet May 1954 Bridge. Washington Channel from Giesboro Point to Fourteenth 118.9 feet February 1950 Street Bridge. Anacostia River from Giesboro Point to Anacostia Bridge .... 221. 5 feet May 1954 Anacostia River from Anacostia Bridge to Fifteenth Street, 321.1 feet October 1947 S. E. 1 For 200-foot width. 2 For 400-foot width. E For 100-foot width. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of: a. Removal of rock in Virginia Channel upstream of Memorial Bridge. b. Dredging in Virginia Channel from Giesboro Point upstream to a point 3,000 feet below Memorial Bridge. Total costs for the existing project were $988,422, of which $162,006 was for new work and $826,416 was for maintenance. This is exclusive of $4,000 for emergency dredging under provi- sions of Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. 246 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1960 New work: Appropriated. ---------------------------------------------------------- 1$3,191,007 Cost---------....... -------------------------- 1 3, 191, 007 ..........---------.........-------......-----------..... Maintenance: Appropriated........ $204, 100 -- $24, 651 $12, 500 $25,900 $97, 200 a 2, 660, 782 Cost----------------................. - 172, 327 10,134 12, 723 25,677 94, 444 ' 2, 658, 025 'Includes $3,029,001 for new work and $1,831,609 for maintenance for previous projects. sExclusive of $4,000 for emergency dredging under provision of section 3 of the River and HarborAct of Match 2, 1945. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project................. ........................ .. $396,1000 ........... 2. POTOMAC RIVER, NORTH SIDE OF WASHINGTON CHANNEL, D. C. Location. The area covered by the project is the waterfront channelward of Maine Avenue on the north side of Washington Channel, extending upstream from Fort Leslie J. McNair (War College) at Maine Avenue and P Street a distance of approximately 5,123 feet to the foot of Fourteenth Street SW., in the District of Columbia. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 560.) Existing project. This provides for development of the com- mercial waterfront of Washington Channel by construction of (1) a yacht harbor in four sections on the upstream half of the section, with berthing space for about 286 boats; (2) two wharves for activities of the District of Columbia; (3) three wharves for existing transportation lines and general service; (4) construction of bulkhead walls; and (5) removal of the old and dilapidated existing structures. The project further provides that during the construction period the District Engineer be given jurisdiction over the entire waterfront except the municipal fish wharf, and that the completed work as well as the maintenance and adminis- tration thereof should be under the Commissioners of the District of Columbia. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1954, is $7,780,000, exclusive of $389,000 to be con- tributed by the District of Columbia to cover the cost of two wharves for District of Columbia activities. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of administering unimproved property owned under the project is $1,600. The existing project was, adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 13, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). Detailed plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, September RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 247 24, 1945, provide for the following modifications in the items of construction: (1) A yacht harbor in three sections on the up- stream half of the waterfront with berthing space for about 356 boats; (2) one wharf for the combined use of the police and fire departments of the District of Columbia; (3) three wharves for existing transportation lines and general service; (4) construction of bulkhead walls; and (5) removal of the old and dilapidated existing structures. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The entire waterfront is Government- owned and facilities are leased to individuals or serve govern- mental agencies. Two yacht basins to accommodate 198 yachts and small boats together with a public sales and service pier, a concrete pier 340 feet long and 100 feet wide for general com- mercial use and a concrete pier 340 feet long and 75 feet wide for use by excursion boats have been completed under the existing project. Of the 12 commercial piers only 5 can be classed as modern. The only wharves open to the public are those owned by the District of Columbia at the municipal fish market where daily rental rates are charged. The facilities are considered in- adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Unimproved prop- erties not required for construction were leased for private use at a cost for the year of $1,938, chargeable to maintenance. Super- vision and administration was $175. Total costs were $2,113, all United States funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in April 1938 and was approximately 24 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of Yacht Basins No. 1 and 2 was completed in November 1940 and the basins were leased for commercial use and transferred to the District of Columbia for operation and maintenance on December 3, 1940. Commercial Pier No. 5 was completed in December 1941, and was transferred to the District of Columbia for operation and maintenance on March 21, 1942. The excursion pier (Pier 4) was completed in March 1951 and was transferred to the District of Columbia for operation and maintenance on April 25, 1951. Plans and specifica- tions for Yacht Basin No. 3 were 75 percent complete, and for Piers No. 2 and No. 3, were 7 percent complete. The work re- maining to be done to complete the project consists of construc- tion of two yacht basins; construction of two piers for activities of the District of Columbia; construction of a pier for existing transportation lines and general service; completion of bulkhead walls; and completion of removal of existing structures. Total costs were $1,757,019, of which $1,744,692 was for new work and $12,327 was for maintenance. In addition, $389,000 from contributed funds was expended for new work. 248 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 inprior to 1950 New work: Appropriated $ 349, 700 -$3, 276 -$89 ____________ $1, 744, 692 Cost_-- -------- 50, 689 $302,087 2, 999 1 1.,744,692 Maintenance: Appropriated _ ___________ ........ 6, 727 1, 600 2, 000 $2, 000 12, 327 Cost- __ _ __. .... 6,155 2,052 2,006 2,113 12, 327 1In addition, $389,000 for new work was expended from Contributed Funds (see Annual Report for 1949). Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- _..._...__..... priated for completion of existing project_ ..... ____.... $6, 035, 000 3. POTOMAC RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES AT AND BELOW WASHINGTON, D. C., ELIMINATION OF WATER CHESTNUT Location. The water chestnut, botanically known as Trapa natans, is an annual fresh water plant infesting the navigable por- tions of the Potomac River and its tributaries between Key Bridge in the District of Columbia and Maryland Point, 48 miles down- stream of Washington, D. C. Washington, D. C., is located 108 miles upstream of the mouth of the river. At the height of in- festation in 1939, it covered about 10,000 acres of navigable waters between these limits. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 559 and 560.) Existing project. This provides a plan for complete eradication of the water chestnut from the Potomac River and its tributaries at and below Washington, D. C., by (1) 4 years of mechanical cutting in heavily infested areas with manual removal of scattered plants; (2) 3 years of intensive patrol and manual removal of scattered plants; (3) 2 years of concentrated patrol during the growing season; (4) 6 years of patrolling the entire area every 2 years. The tidal ranges are: Mean, 1.1 feet at Maryland Point and 2.9 feet at Washington; irregular, 2 feet at Maryland Point and 4.5 feet at Washington; extreme, approximately 7.5 feet at Maryland Point and 10.7 feet at Washington. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government, made in 1947, was $142,000, which is the total of annual costs over a 15-year period, decreasing from $32,000 during the first year to $3,500 for the ninth year and an average of $1,000 for each of the 6 years thereafter. This is an average of $9,467 annually for the 15 years. If a longer period is required, the average annual cost for each subsequent year is estimated to be $1,000. The work is maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 113, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Operations and results during fiscal year. Removal of water chestnut growth was in progress during July and August 1953 and June 1954 in the following areas: Washington Harbor, Potomac River at Alexandria, Virginia, Potomac River at Mt. Vernon, Vir- ginia, Occoquan Creek, Virginia and Potomac River below Wash- RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 249 ington, D. C., by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $16,029. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports charge- able to the project was $9,227. Supervision and administration was $830. Total costs for the year were $26,086, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the elimination of water chestnuts has been in progress since 1939 under allotments for maintenance of five existing river and harbor projects. Prior to the adoption of this project and through the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, a total of 25,000 acres of the growth has been cut and recut from the Potomac River and its tributaries between Washington, D. C. and Maryland Point. All infested areas have been cut at least once. Two years of mechanical cutting in heavily infested areas and manual removal of scattered plants as listed for accomplishment under the eradication schedule for the existing project have been completed under maintenance of other existing river and harbor projects prior to adoption of the eradication project. Prior to the adoption of the project and through the fiscal year ending June 30, 1950, maintenance funds in the amount of $310,187 were expended for removal of water chestnuts. This amount in- cludes $10,000 allotted under Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1950 and $10,000 allotted under Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940 to ten tributaries of the Potomac River, and the following maintenance funds from existing river and harbor projects in the affected area: Washington Harbor, D. C., $19,726; Potomac River at Alexandria, Virginia, $22,023; Potomac River below Washington, D. C., $200,937; Potomac River at Mt. Vernon, Virginia, $18,202; and Occoquan Creek, Virginia, $29,300. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports charge- able to the project was $10,057. In addition, a total of $101,162 contributed by the United States Public Health Service was expended. Total costs for the existing project were $89,660, all for the maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 to1950 prior Maintenance: Appropriated. $30, 500 $27, 000 $6, 200 $26, 000 $89, 700 Cost .- -17, 488 22, 345 23, 741 26, 086 89, 660 4. LITTLE WICOMICO RIVER, VA. Location. Little Wicomico River is a tidal estuary 6 miles in length lying in Northumberland County, Va., flowing in a south- easterly direction to the Potomac River, which it enters on the right bank one-half mile upstream of its mouth and 1071/' miles downstream from Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 557.) 250 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and 4,800 feet long, extending from deep water in Potomac River to deep water in Little Wicomico River, for two stone jetties extending to the 8-foot contour in Potomac River, and for bulkhead walls from the inner ends thereof extending suffi- ciently into Little Wicomico River to stabilize the dredged inner channel. The plane of reference is mean low water. The tidal ranges in the Potomac River at the entrance are: Mean, 1.2 feet; irregular, 2.5 feet; and extreme, approximately 7 feet. The mean tidal range within the river is approximately 1 foot. The cost to the Federal Government for new work, for the com- pleted project, was $81,885, exclusive of $5,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1950) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $6,600. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 24, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two wharves open to the public and numerous small wharves and stagings for private use, an oyster shucking and packing plant, and a marine railway and boat- building yard. These facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. The costs were $5,202 for accounts payable from the preceding fiscal year, all applied to maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in October 1936 and was completed in December 1937. The con- trolling depth in the entrance channel between the jetties in Janu- ary 1953 was 8.0 feet at mean low water for a width of 150 feet. The controlling depth within the creek in July 1945 was 7.9 feet for a width of 150 feet. Total costs under the existing project were $195,313, of which $81,885 was for new work and $113,428 was for maintenance. In addition, $5,000 contributed funds were expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -- ------ ------------------------------.--- 1$81, 885 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 81,885 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $16, 400 -$2, 538 $12, 000 $3, 788 113, 428 Cost__ ---------------- 14, 227 -128 10,586 5, 202 113, 428 1In addition $5,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 5. RAPPAHANNOCK RIVER, VA. Location. Rappahannock River rises in the Blue Ridge Moun- tains in Virginia, and flows southeasterly about 212 miles to enter RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 251 Chesapeake Bay, about 40 miles north of Old Point Comfort, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 534, 535, 536.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified in 1879. For further details see page 1793 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 433 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide between the mouth and Port Royal and 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide between Port Royal and Fredericksburg by dredging and the construction of 20,401 feet of crib and pile dikes and 1,906 feet of riprap stone dikes being designed to retain the excavated material deposited behind them. The length of water- way included in the project is 107 miles. The plane of reference is mean low water. Tidal ranges are: Mean, 2.8 feet at Fredericks- burg, 1.6 feet at Tappahannock; irregular, 3.5 feet at Fredericks- burg, 2.5 feet at Tappahannock; extreme, 6 feet at Fredericksburg, 5 feet at Tappahannock. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $217,487, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 (Annual Report for 1906, pp. 1110-1113). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1910, page 1364. Terminal facilities. In the section under improvement extend- ing from Fredericksburg, Va., to Tappahannock, Va., a distance of 65 miles, there are 26 wharves, of which 9 are solid bulkhead type and 17 are open pile structures. From Tappahannock to the mouth there are 15 open pile wharves. Most of the wharves are open to the public. The terminals are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hydrographic sur- veys to determine channel conditions were made of 18 bars down- stream of Fredericksburg, Va., by Government plant and hired labor at a cost of $7,398. Snags and overhanging trees were removed from the channel between Fredericksburg and Port Royal, Va., in May and June 1954. The work was accomplished by the United States derrickboat Benning at a cost of $17,652. Super- vision and administration was $666. Total costs for the year were $25,716, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was started in July 1908 and completed in April 1910. The controlling depth was 10.5 feet at Upper Spottswood Bar in September 1953. Total costs under the existing project were $1,254,997, of which $217,487 was for new work and $1,037,510 was for maintenance, which includes $995 for Parrotts Creek and $1,000 each for Green- vale, Mill, Beach, and Queens Creeks. In addition, the cost from contributed funds for maintenance on Queens Creek was $600. 252 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated $414, 633 Cost -- 414, 633 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... _- $53, 500 $81, 803 $1, 600 $20, 500 $37, 712 2 1, 163, 086 Cost -................ 53, 227 80, 076 3, 068 20, 952 25, 716 2 1, 151, 010 1 Includes $197,146 for new work and $113,500 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $600 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds on Queens Creek. 6. MAINTENANCE, OPERATION, AND CAPITAL OUTLAY OF THE WASHINGTON AQUEDUCT Location. The diversion dam and raw-water intakes are lo- cated on the Potomac River at Great Falls 131/2 miles northwest of Washington, D. C.; the two collecting conduits, part of the Dalecarlia receiving reservoir, and the booster pumping plant that lifts the water from the forebay to the main body of the Dale- carlia reservoir are located in Maryland; and all other structures of the water-supply system including part of the raw-water collect- ing system, the purification plants, pumping stations, storage reservoirs, and transmission mains are located in the District of Columbia (See U. S. Geological quadrangle, Washington and Vicinity). The control of the water-supply system is vested in the Chief of Engineers (See acts of March 3, 1859, and March 2, 1867, and Sec. 1800 of Revised Statutes). Existing project. The existing project provides for (1) oper- ation, maintenance, repair, and protection of the water-supply facilities and reservations including collection, treatment, purifi- cation, pumping, transmission, and storage facilities; MacArthur Boulevard; and meters on all Federal water services as authorized by law; and (2) the planning and construction of increased supply facilities in accordance with House Document 480, 79th Congress, 2d Session, dated August 15, 1945, as provided in Public Law 538, 81st Congress, Chapter 218, 2d Session, H. R. 8578, approved June 2, 1950, and as provided in Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d Session, Chapter 218, H. R. 8097, approved May 18, 1954. By act, Public Law 378, 64th Congress, approved March 3, 1917, the furnishing of water to adjacent Maryland areas from the Washington water-supply system was authorized by the Congress; by act, Public Law 119, 69th Congress, approved April 14, 1926, the furnishing of water to Arlington County, Va., from the Wash- ington water-supply system was authorized by the Congress; and, by act, Public Law 118, 80th Congress, approved June 26, 1947, the furnishing of water to Falls Church or any other competent State or local authority in the Virginia metropolitan area, sim- ilarly, was authorized. A description of the District of Columbia water-supply system and of previous capital-improvement and operation-and-mainte- RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 253 nance projects is printed on pages 2206-2208 and 2218-2220 of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, 1930; in an informa- tion pamphlet published June 1939 and revised December 1950; and in House Document 480, 79th Congress, 2d Session. Local cooperation. Prior to July 1, 1880, the expenses of the Washington Aqueduct for construction, operation, and mainte- nance were paid wholly out of the revenues of the United States. From July 1, 1880, to June 30, 1882, the expenses of operation and maintenance were paid one half by the United States and the other half out of the general revenues of the District of Columbia. From July 1, 1882, to June 30, 1898, one half of con- struction costs were charged to a capital account on the books of the Treasury to be repaid by the District of Columbia from water rents with interest at 3 percent. From July 1, 1898, to July 1, 1916, the expenses of construction, operation, and maintenance were paid one half from surplus general revenues of the District of Columbia and the other half from the United States Treasury. From July 1, 1916, to June 30, 1932, the expenses of construction were paid 60 percent out of the general revenues of the District of Columbia and 40 percent by the United States. From July 1, 1932, to March 31, 1953, all expenses for construction have been paid out of the water revenues of the District of Columbia, to which the United States contributed annually a lump sum. The expenses of operation and maintenance, since July 1, 1916, to date, have been paid wholly out of the water revenues of the District of Columbia. From April 1953 to June 30, 1954, $1,900,000 were borrowed from the United States Treasury as installments on authority to borrow up to $23,000,000 to finance the expansion and improvement of the water system by act approved June 2, 1950, and known as Public Law 533, 81st Congress, 2d Session, Ch. 218, H. R. 8578. By act approved May 18, 1954, and known as Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2d Session, Ch. 218, H. R. 8097, also known as the "District of Columbia Public Works Act of 1954", increased the authority to borrow from the United States Treasury for the expansion of the District of Columbia water system to $35,000,- 000; and provided, also, for payment by the Government of the United States for all water and water services furnished. By act approved June 10, 1920, $25,000 were appropriated wholly from United States revenues to prepare, among other things, a report to assure an increased and adequate water sup- ply for the District of Columbia and this report was the basis for the improvements constructed from 1922 to 1927. Included in the District of Columbia appropriation acts of 1941 and 1942, approved June 12, 1940, and July 1, 1941, respectively, a total of $40,000 was appropriated from the water fund, District of Columbia, for the preparation of a report "for the development of a plan to insure an adequate future water supply for the District of Columbia and metropolitan area." This report, published as House Document 480, 79th Congress, 2d Session, contains the comprehensive plan and program for the improve- ments and additions to the water system safely and adequately to meet the anticipated water demands to the year 2000. 254 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Annually, since July 1, 1920, on a percentage basis and, since July 1, 1924, on a lump-sum basis, the United States has con- tributed to the support of the District of Columbia but no part of such annual percentage or lump-sum contributions has been allocated to the water fund, District of Columbia, before July 1, 1947. Beginning with the fiscal year 1948, pursuant to act, Public Law 195, 80th Congress, approved July 16, 1947, an annual pay- ment of $1,000,000 was authorized for water consumed by the Federal Government. This sum is taken from the annual lump sum contribution of the United States to the District of Colum- bia. Act Public Law 533, 81st Congress, 2d Session, Ch. 218, H. R. 8578, approved June 2,. 1950, authorized the Secretary of the Treasury to lend with a limit of $23,000,000 to the Commis- sioners of the District of Columbia such sums as may hereafter be appropriated to finance expansion and improvement of the water system when sufficient funds therefor are not available from the District of Columbia Water Fund established by law (D. C. code 1940 edition, title 1943, ch. 15). The above public law was amended by Public Law 364, 83d Congress, 2nd Session, Ch. 218, H.R. 8097, approved May 18, 1954, by striking the figures "23,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof the figures "35,000,000." Operationsand results during the fiscal year. An uninterrupted and adequate supply of purified water was furnished to the Dis- trict of Columbia; to Arlington County, Va.; and to Federal establishments in Arlington County, Va., and in Montgomery and Prince Georges Counties, Md. The maximum daily con- sumption was 262,960,000 gallons and the average daily con- sumption was 165,641,323 gallons. Based upon the estimated average number of consumers of 967,000 in the District of Colum- bia and 150,000 in Arlington County, the average per capita daily consumption was 148.291 gallons. The average daily con- sumption in the District of Columbia alone was 149,226,534 gal- lons or an average per capita consumption of 154.319 gallons per day. The average daily amount of water furnished to Arlington County and Falls Church, Va., was 15,399,312 gallons or an average per capita consumption of 102.662 gallons per day. The gross cost for the supply furnished the Virginia communi- ties was reimbursed to the Water Fund, D. C. The average daily consumption of water in all Federal Government establishments including parks, zoological garden, etc., was 30,435,864 gallons. A total of 370,649,000 gallons or an average of 1,015,477 gallons per day was delivered to Maryland communities during the fiscal year 1954 by the Water Division, D. C., through connections to the Washington Suburban Sanitary District's system. On June 23, 1952, fluoridation equipment was put in service and the appli- cation of sodium silicofluoride started, and has continued throughout fiscal year 1954. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 255 The average turbidity of the raw water from the Potomac River was reduced from 70 parts per million to 0.0 parts per million and the average bacterial content was reduced from 1,900 to 1.0 per millimeter. Analyses were made for bacterium colon on 99,872 tubes of water taken from 107 sampling points in the purification and distribution systems. After sterilization of the filter effluent, the average number of bacterium colon per 100 millimeters was found to be 0.0008 at Dalecarlia and 0.0 at the McMillan filter plant. The average alkalinity of the filtered water was 68 parts per million and the average pH value was 7.7 from the Dalecarlia filter plant, and 74.0 and 7.6 from the McMillan filter plant. The average hardness was 113 parts per million from Dalecarlia and 107 parts per million from McMil- lan. Fluorine content of 3,800 water samples was determined. The direct operating costs of water treated and delivered to the system per million gallons was $31.20 as compared with the cost of $31.10 per million gallons in fiscal year 1953. The over- all cost of water delivered, including depreciation and interest was $59.58 per million gallons as compared with $58.61 in 1953. Construction work authorized with "no year" funds not pre- viously reported as completed was as follows: Repair and rehabilitation of McMillan filter plant 64 percent; circulating facilities in 1st and 2d high service reservoirs 76 per- cent; Georgetown Castle gatehouse 90 percent; modification to provide quality control of filtered water 67 percent; improving conveying equipment for chemicals 82 percent; 30 million-gallon clearwater basin at Dalecarlia 100 percent; conduit repairs (periodic) 100 percent; overhaul of wash-water valves 87 per- cent; acquisition of supplementary land 66 percent; purchase and installation of federal meters 85 percent; replacement of roof over Dalecarlia filters 100 percent; auxiliary raw-water supply at Dalecarlia 100 percent; hydro station improvements 11 percent and 3d high service transmission main 2 percent. The preparation of plans for capital outlay projects for in- creasing the water supply progressed as follows: Third high service reservoir at Reno 85 percent; 48-inch pipe line from Dalecarlia to Reno 100 percent for Part I (10,000 feet) and 10 percent for Part II (1,700 feet) ; Crosstown interconnect- ing main from Dalecarlia to low-service area 12 percent; McMil- lan filter plant improvements 100 percent; new chemical build- ing and operating center at McMillan 55 percent; Dalecarlia pumping station 99 percent; Great Falls intake structure 10 percent; federal meters 85 percent; land acquisition 70 percent; conduit repairs (periodic) 65 percent; Little Falls pumping sta- tion, dam, and tunnel 90 percent. System costs. The total cost for the fiscal year was $2,781,- 460.31 distributed- Sig 9--255-286 256 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Financial statement: 1.- Operating expenses* Collecting system..---....---..---------.........................-----........... $191,455 .71 Purification system ................................................ 1,130, 493.44 Pumping system-------.........----------------.......................................... 485,848.01 Transmission system .-----...---..--------.........................---....-----.... 63,856.17 $1,871,653.33 2. Capital outlay Third high reservoir, Reno................................. $16, 286.24 Utility relocations ............................... 36, 747.94 Federal meters ..............---.................................... 46, 276.14 Hydro electric station improvements.......... 4,244.77 Advance planning.............................................. -199, 727.33 Cathodic protection of flocculators................. 183.71 Circulating facilities and conduit repairs .............. 62, 186.80 Remodeling Georgetown Reservoir............. 38, 426.24 Land purchases................................... 7, 483.10 Six new filters...................................................... 276.70 Dalecarlia 30 million-gallon clear water basin-.... 353, 022.43 Dalecarlia Pumping Station................................ 106, 492.49 New McMillan Chemical Bldg., and Operating Center ....................................... 987.84 Third high service transmission main................ 45,839 .81 Great Falls intake structure .................................. 474.89 Repairs to bridges and culverts............................ 508.85 Overhaul of wash-water valves.............................. 3, 832.23 Little Falls Pumping Station, Dam, and Tunnel 312,020.20 Auxiliary raw-water supply-Dalecarlia....... ... 9, 507.38 Replace roof over Dalecarlia Filter Plant-..... 18, 009.77 Improve conveying equipment for chemicals...... 3,242.74 Modifications, quality control filtered water...... 4,768.62 Dalecarlia Reservoir raw-water intake and conduit............... ................. ...............-...- 11, 220.53 Improvement of McMillan Filter Plant facilities 29, 683.08 1 ^^ r 1 M7k 1, 17 .995 3. Deferred accounts ... ....---------------------------- --..- 2, 188.19 Total cost for fiscal year 1954.......... ........... 2, 781, 460 .31 ...........-------------------- .............................................. *Operating expenses cost per million gallons------------------ $31. 20 Accident prevention: Government Contractors Total Man-hours exposure ...............-................ 628,291 48,729 676,920 Accidents ...............................------------------------------- 5 0 5 Lost time (days) ........----------------...........------............ 233 0 233 Frequency (accidents per million man-hours worked) ....-.. ------------------------------- 7 .96 0 .00 7.39 Severity (days lost per 1,000 man-hours worked)..........------------------------------ 0.37 0.00 0.34 Visitors. 1,330 persons were conducted through the water treatment and pumping plants and the bacteriological and chem- ical laboratories. College engineering, science students, public school pupils, and public officials numbered 1,300. Foreign vis- itors totaled 30. Control. All funds were expended in conformity with the legislative provision contained in the annual appropriation act which was as follows: "Nothing herein shall be construed as affecting the superintendence and control of the Secretary of the Army over the Washington Aqueduct, its rights, appurte- nances, and fixtures connected with the same, and over appropriations and expendi- tures therefor as now provided by law." RIVERS AND HARBORS-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 257 Condition at end of fiscal year. The intakes, conduits, reser- voirs, filter plants, pumping stations, mechanical equipment, and structures with the exception of the McMillan filter structures on which repairs are in progress were in a generally good con- dition. However, the demands upon the supply system have exceeded its nominal capacity and, for several years, its opera- tion has been in the overload category. During maximum con- sumption demand periods, the basic raw-water supply was ex- ceeded and emergency equipment had to be utilized. Cost and financial summary as of June 30, 1954 Net appropriations .................................................................------------------------------------ $76, 037, 136.22 Unexpended balance................-------------------............................... $16, 891, 112.32 Net available ..-----......................................................................------------------------------------. 16, 891, 112 .32 Total costs ..................................................................-------------------------------------. $59, 146, 023 .90 Division of costs Paid by Units United States Total District of Water Columbia Department Construction ......................-------------------- $10, 965, 377. 11 $9, 109, 312. 82 $12, 269, 413.61 $32, 344, 103. 54 Maintenance --------------------- 1, 250, 656. 36 955, 473. 18 24, 265, 600. 67 26, 471, 730. 21 Spring-water supply----------------- 223, 621. 81 223, 621. 81 Deferred charges -------------------------------.--- - 106, 568. 34 106, 568. 34 Total 12, 439, 655.28 110, 064, 786.00 36, 641, 582.62 59, 146, 023.90 1 Includes such part of the annual lump sum contribution by the United States to the District of Columbia that could be considered a direct Federal expenditure. 258 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 7. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS _i For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Potomac River at Alexandria, Va. _....... 1953 $95,215 $216, 636 2. Potomac River below Washington, D. C. -__ 1953 153, 836 2893, 414 3. Potomac River at Mt. Vernon, Va. .-..... 1950 17,000 51, 486 $11, 000 4. Accotink Creek, Va.'..------ _--.- . 1878 5, 000 - 1637, 000 5. Occoquan Creek, Va. __________________ 1950 541, 253 112,686 22, 700 6. Neabsco Creek, Va.' _______________ 1884 5, 000 -- - 127, 000 7. Aquia Creek, Va ........................... 4_ 1928 652, 465 11, 750 8. Potomac River at Lower Cedar 1 Point, Md. 1920 10,234 6,216 9. Upper Machodoc Creek, Va. . 7 1916 19 5 20,281 6,119 10. Colonial Beach, Va., Shore Protection ... _ 0 16 49, 000 11. Monroe Bay and Creek, Va.' 1953 12. 460 19, 164 12. Neale Sound, Md........... ....----------. 1950 812, 600 900 13. St. Catherine Sound, Md. ----------------- 1949 1627, 000 14. St. Patricks Creek, Md.' .. - 1950 1620, 000 15. Breton Bay, Md.'__" ............ 1 - .......... 1950 1047,924 12,621 16 31, 600 16. Nomini Bay and Creek, Va. 2 9 1946 78. 446 31, 234 1621,500 17. Lower Machodoc Creek, Va. - 1 1904 9,916 600 18. Bransons Cove, Lower Machodoc Creek, Va. 1950 15, 755 19. Channel to Island Creek, St. George Island, - - -_: -_ -_ - .......-- M d . ................. . .-- ......... ... 1949 1627,000 20. Smith Creek, Md. ................-.. ..... 1936 5,252- 21. Coan River, Va. 7 _- _ 1937 81, 000 22. Patuxent River, Md.S 11-- _ 1905 1214, 000. .. - 14, 000 23. Hellen Creek, Md....---------------------- 1950 11,000 24. St. Jeromes Creek, Md.3_.................. 1951 17,857 - 24, 380 25. Cockrell Creek, Va... ..---------------------- 1949 16116, 000 26. Cranes Creek, Va..._______________________ 1950 6, 274 -- - - - - - 1 27. Dymers Creek, Va.* __-________ ..... ______... 1953 5, 582 4, 524 28. Hoskins Creek, Va.' -- 1953 1444, 100 48, 676 29. Totuskey Creek, Va.9 - 1953 337, 648 80, 612 16120,400 9. 30. Rappahannock River at Bowlers Wharf, Va. 1950 16172, 000 31. Mulberry Creek, Va. ...................... _ 1950 2, 393 1, 767 32. Urbanna Creek, Va .. .--__............ 1951 38, 812 } 46, 822 16, 200 33. Whitings Creek, Va. - - -) 1949 1631,000 34. Carters Creek, Va. 7 _______________________ 1951 28,398 1 3, 176 1623,600 35. Locklies Creek, Va.' - 1928 11, 581 519 36. Mill Creek, Va. -.-.- 1937 5,445 - 37. Broad Creek, Va.3_ 1952 27, 888 824 38. Jackson Creek, Va. ____ 1950 8, 500 491 39. Milford Haven, Va. _ 1950 24. 568 14, 278 40. Snagging and clearing under authority of Sec- tion 3 of the River and Harbor Act aplproved March 2, 1945 - - _ 1949 3,000.. 1 Completed. 2 In addition, costs of $101,162 of U. S. Public Health Service funds were incurred for water chestnut eradi- cation. s Channels adequate for commerce. ' No commerce reported. 5 Includes $25,000 for new work for previous projects. 6 Includes $31,065 for new work for previous projects. 7 Awaiting local cooperation. 8 In addition, there was a cost of $1,000 for new work from contributed funds. 9 No funds available. 10Includes $37,500 for new work for previous projects. 11Abandonment recommended in 1903 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doe. 32, 61st Cong., 2d sess.). 12Includes $10,617 for new work for previous projects. 1" In addition, there was a cost of $26,500 for new work for previous projects. 14In addition, there was a cost of $500 for new work from contributed funds. 15In addition, there was a cost of $700 for new work from contributed funds. 16Estimated amounts required to complete were revised in 1954. 8. INACTIVE MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance Anacostia Park and the reclamation and de- velopment of Anacostia River and flats from the mouth of the river to the District Line, D. C.- __ _- - __ 1953 $3, 910. 582 i .... -.. ... 1$3,177, 600 1 Revised July 1954. FLOOD CONTROL-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 259 9. ANACOSTIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, FLOOD PROTECTION AND NAVIGATION IMPROVEMENTS, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND MARYLAND Location. This project is located on the Anacostia River at the confluence of northeast and northwest branches at Bladensburg, Md., about 9 miles above the mouth at Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart 560.) Existing project. The project provides for channel improve- ment of Anacostia River from the foot of Fifteenth Street SE. in the District of Columbia, to the junction of northeast and north- west branches at Bladensburg, Md.; channel improvement in north- east branch from mouth upstream to near Longfellow Street in Riverdale, Md.; channel improvement in northwest branch from mouth upstream to near Thirty-eighth Street in Brentwood, Md.; levees along both banks of the streams to protect Bladensburg, Edmondston, Riverdale, Cottage City, and Colmar Manor, Md.; in- terior drainage facilities in these communities, including four pumping stations and the necessary intercepting sewers; and alterations and reconstruction of highway and railroad bridges. The portion of the channel improvement of Anacostia River from the vicinity of Fifteenth Street SE. in the District of Columbia to near Defense Highway bridge on U. S. Route 50, provides for a navigation channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide with a commercial boat basin, and a recreational boat basin having a capacity of 150 boats, both on the left bank of the river near Bladensburg, Md. The estimated Federal cost for construction, revised in 1954 is $7,600,000; the estimated cost to local interests for construction, lands and damages is $5,280,900; a total of $12,880,900. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 202, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The existing project was approved subject to the conditions that local interests assume responsibility for fur- nishing all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for construction of the improvements and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, including in this responsibility the replacement of highway bridges and changes in streets, sewers, drainage works, and other utilities except for replacement of the railroad bridge; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction works; maintain and operate all the flood con- trol features of the project in accordance with regulations pre- scribed by the Secretary of the Army and maintain project depths in the recreational boat basin and the commercial harbor; and pro- vide and maintain without cost to the United States at both the commercial and recreational boat basins necessary mooring facili- ties including public landings with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Local interests furnished assurances meet- ing in full the prescribed conditions of local cooperation. The as- surances were approved by the Division Engineer, North Atlantic Division on June 28, 1954. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Engineering investi- gations were continued during the fiscal year by hired labor for 260 REPORT OF CHIEF )F ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 revision of hydrologic and hydraulic data, foundation investiga- tions and planning of flood control structures. Design memoranda No. 2, Hydraulics; No. 3, General Design Memorandum; No. 4, Interior Drainage; No. 5, Northeast Branch; and No. 6, Relocation of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Bridge No. 1-A, were completed by hired labor. Plans and specifications for construction of the first unit of the project on the Northeast Branch were completed by hired labor. Model tests for the high speed channel on the North- west Branch were initiated by hired labor. Total costs for the year were $151,650, all Federal funds for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering investigations and planning for the project were 68 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs to June 30, 1954, were $259,568, all Federal funds, for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.----------------- ------------ $25, 000 $78, 000 $175, 000 $278, 000 Cost....... __ .- 9, 326 98, 592 151, 650 259, 568 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ............... $4, 709 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ........... 900,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ..... 904, 709 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project.............................................------------------------------------......... 6, 422, 000 10. CUMBERLAND, MD., AND RIDGELEY, W. VA. Location. Cumberland, Md., and Ridgeley, W. Va., are located on the North Branch of the Potomac River, 21 miles upstream from its junction with the South Branch of the Potomac River and 197 miles upstream from Washington, D. C. (See U. S. Geological Sur- very quadrangles, Frostburg and Flint Stone, Md., W. Va., and Pa.) Existing project. This project provides for channel improve- ments of North Branch of Potomac River from Western Maryland Railway bridge in South Cumberland upstream to the mouth of Wills Creek, with levees and fill along the left bank and levees along the right bank from the downstream corporate limits of Ridgeley, W. Va., to a point about 150 feet above Johnson Street Bridge; channel improvements along Wills Creek from its mouth upstream to a point in the Narrows about 500 feet upstream from highway bridge on U. S. Highway No. 40; levee and flood wall in West Cum- berland, Md., on left bank of North Branch of Potomac River from mouth of Wills Creek upstream to Kelly Boulevard; levee and flood wall in Ridgeley, W. Va., on right bank of North Branch of Po- tomac River from Carpenter Avenue upstream to Patapsco Street near the upstream corporate limits of Ridgeley, W. Va.; interior drainage facilities in Cumberland and West Cumberland, Md., and FLOOD CONTROL-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 261 Ridgeley, W. Va.; removal of Chesapeake and Ohio Canal dam and construction of a new industrial dam on North Branch of Potomac River immediately above mouth of Wills Creek; and alteration and reconstruction of highway and railroad bridges. The estimate of cost to the Federal Government for new work, revised in 1954, is $15,900,000, exclusive of $1,050,000 to be con- tributed by local interests, and $49,998, Emergency Relief funds. The estimated total cost to local interests is $2,320,000. The existing project was authorized by the following flood-con- trol acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 22, 1936 Levees, retaining walls, a movable dam, and chan- H. Doc. 101, 73d Cong., 1st sess. nel clearing for Cumberland, West Cumberland and South Cumberland, Md., and Ridgeley, W. Va. July 24,1946 Levees, walls, channel improvement, removal of Report on file in the Office of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal dam and construction Chief of Engineers. of new industrial dam. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation with the project plan have been received. A total of $2,320,000 will be the cost to local interests of which $1,050,000 will be in cash towards construction and the balance will be for lands required for construc- tion of the project and damages incurred. Funds, lands, and rights-of-way are being furnished as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction, by continuing contract, was completed in May 1954 on section 1 of the Wills Creek channel improvement. Costs for the year were $921,- 848, of which $917,297 was Federal funds and $4,551 was con- tributed funds. Work on the Industrial Dam under a continuing contract was completed in June 1954 except for strengthening and protecting two piers of the Western Maryland Railway Company bridge 1656. Costs for the year were $840,117, of which $625,084 was Federal funds and $215,033 was contributed funds. Construc- tion of the West Cumberland floodwall under a continuing contract was started in June 1954. There were no costs during the year. Design engineering for features of construction not yet underway was continued throughout the year by hired labor. Costs for the year were $90,416, of which $81,116 was Federal funds and $9,300 was contributed funds. The costs for land acquisition during the year were $273, and costs for the year in connection with lands and damages by hired labor were $6,782, all Federal funds. Undis- tributed Government costs were $176, all Federal funds. Total costs for the fiscal year for new work were $1,859,613, of which $1,630,728 was Federal funds and $228,885 was contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 35 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the first unit of the project, consisting of four pressure conduits and connecting sewers, started in March 1949 was completed in November 1949. Construction of the second and final unit of in- terior drainage pressure conduits and sewers, started in November 1949 under a continuing contract, was completed in December 1951. 262 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Construction of section 1 of the Wills Creek channel improvement, started in April 1952 under a continuing contract, was completed in May 1954. Construction of the Industrial Dam, started in April 1953 under a continuing contract, was completed in June 1954, except for strengthening and protecting two piers of the Western Maryland Railway Company bridge No. 1656. Construction of the West Cumberland floodwalls was started in June 1954 under a con- tinuing contract. Designs and construction plans for the various units of construction were in the following stages of completion at the end of the fiscal year: Percent Unit complete ........ ..---------.... Relocations------ ---- --.. 25 Channels: Potomac River, section 1..........------...-...-. . . . ..... 95 Potomac River, section 2.................------------------------------------- 50 Wills Creek, section 2................... ---------------------------------------- 85 Wills Creek, section 3................. ........... ............--------------------- 45 Wills Creek, section 4 ............... 15 Levees: Potomac River, section 1 .......-------------------------------------....... 90 Potomac River, section 2........ .......-------------------------------------. 15 Floodwalls .--.. ...... .. ..........------------ ...---------------- --------------------- 95 Pumping plants: Viaduct-- ---- --------............-----------------------......------------------ 80 Mill race........ ..........------------------------------------------------- 60 Ridgeley .-- ---------------............... ...... 40 Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $6,312,071, of which $5,600,844 was Federal funds, $661,229 contributed funds and $49,998 Emergency Relief funds, all for new work. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated -......------.. $744, 100 $1, 154, 000 $946, 000 $1,144,000 $950, 000 $5, 889, 170 Cost---------------- 702, 502 939, 843 565, 142 1, 082, 882 1, 630, 728 2 5, 650, 842 1 Includes $49,998 expended from Emergency Relief Funds. 2In addition, $661,229 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-.......................... $184,853 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........... 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------------.------------------------.. 684, 853 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project..................................................................... 9, 560, 800 FLOOD CONTROL--WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 263 Contributed Funds Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June •__" _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated---.. --_- $500, 000 1-$50, 000 2-$17, 648 $251, 000 .. $683, 352 Cost................ 330,000 ...-......- 59,660 42, 684 $228, 885 661, 229 1 Refund of contributed funds $50,000. 2 Refund of contributed funds $70,000. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-------........... ...------ $16, 698 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -----------------------............ -------------------------- 16,698 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -----------------------------..... ----- 366, 648 11. SAVAGE RIVER DAM, MD. Location. On the Savage River, in Garrett County, Md., ap- proximately 4.5 miles above the junction with North Branch of the Potomac River, and immediately downstream of the junction of Crabtree Creek and Savage River, and approximately 4 miles north- west of Bloomington, Md. (See U. S. Geological Survey quad- rangle, Grantsville, Md.-Pa.) Existing project. The construction of an earth and rockfill dam, with a maximum height of 184 feet above the streambed, was started in 1939 as a project of the Works Progress Administration, under sponsorship of the Upper Potomac River Commission. Work was suspended in December 1942, because of the war. The present project provides for completion of the earth and rockfill dam by the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, and includes placing about 850,000 cubic yards of earth and rockfill embankment and 5,200 cubic yards of concrete in spillway and intake structure, in- stallation of control equipment in tunnel control chamber, and construction of operating house and other appurtenant structures. The cost of the project to the Federal Government for the com- pleted project was $2,071,939, exclusive of $200,000 to be con- tributed by local interests. The project is primarily for regulation of stream flow for industrial purposes, and pollution abatement, with some incidental flood control. The reservoir will have a stor- age capacity of 20,000 acre-feet. Authorization for the project is contained in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 622, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Minor structural corrections were made and permanent signs installed by contract during the year. The operation and maintenance manual, reservoir regulation manual, sedimentation studies, surveys and miscel- laneous engineering were completed during the year by hired labor. Total costs for the year were $6,935, all of which were Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was ap- proximately 60 percent completed by the Works Projects Adminis- 264 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tration prior to the termination of the work in 1942. Construction work, started under the adopted project in March 1949 under a continuing contract, to complete the embankment portion of the dam was completed in May 1950. A supply contract for fabrication of slide gates and hydraulic equipment was awarded in August 1949 and completed in August 1950. A contract for repairs to the relocated road was awarded June 1951 and completed in October 1951. A continuing contract for the completion of the spillway and outlet structures and miscellaneous work, initiated in March 1950, was completed in January 1952. A contract for clearing the reser- voir area was awarded in November 1950 and completed in May 1951. A contract for stabilizing and reforesting borrow areas was awarded in July 1950 and completed in June 1952. The entire project was 100 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year and was placed in operation during January 1952. Total costs to June 30, 1954, were $2,271,939, of which $200,000 was contributed funds and $2,071,939 was Federal funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - $1, 265, 000 $450, 000 -$65, 000 -$31, 000 ---- - 1$2, 075, 000 Cost....--------------- 71, 213 732, 490 181, 143 33, 045 6, 935 '2, 071, 939 IIn addition, $200,000 was expended from contributed funds (see Annual Report for 1950). Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954----............ $3, 061 ....----------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------............................................................ 061 12. SALEM CHURCH RESERVOIR, VIRGINIA Location. The Salem Church multiple purpose reservoir, to be located on the Rappahannock and Rapidan Rivers in Spotsyl- vania, Stafford, Orange, Culpeper, and Fauquier Counties, Va., would be created by a concrete gravity dam on the Rappahan- nock River, 5.6 miles above Fredericksburg, Va., and 113 miles above the mouth. (See Army Map Service Quadrangle, Salem Church, Va.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of a concrete gravity dam, approximately 1,460 feet long, with a maximum height of 205 feet above bedrock, and earth embankments extending from both abutments, totaling FLOOD CONTROL--WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 265 13,710 feet in length, with a maximum height of 35 feet. The spillway, located in the concrete gravity section of the dam, would be controlled by 8 crest gates 52 feet long by 35 feet high and would have a discharge capacity of 567,000 cubic feet per second. The project provides for a powerplant, to be con- structed on the left bank of the river immediately downstream from the dam, containing two 32,000-kilowatt generating units. The reservoir will afford flood protection for Fredericksburg, Falmouth, and areas downstream for a flood of 140,000 cubic feet per second, which is equal to the greatest flood of record, and will reduce the severity of floods of greater magnitude. The estimated Federal cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $46,000,- 000, of which $43,200,000 is for construction, and $2,800,000 is for lands and damages. Authorization for the project is con- tained in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, which stipulated that the maximum elevation of the power pool should not exceed elevation 220 feet mean sea level. The latest pub- lished maps are in the project document. (See H. Doc. 119, 80th Cong., 1st Sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Reimbursement was made to property owners in connection with rights-of-way for foundation exploration, and preliminary plans were reviewed to conform with present criteria, by hired labor. The total costs, all for new work, were $1,156. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. A design memorandum presenting a preliminary plan for a dam with maximum power pool at elevation 220 feet mean sea level, as provided in the authorization, is complete. Further engineering studies have been indefinitely postponed. The work remaining to be done is initiation and completion of detailed design and preparation of contract plans and specifications by hired labor and construction of the project by contract. The total costs, all for new work, were $144,785. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _ ..... ________... $100, 000 $32, 000 $2, 000 $785 $144, 785 Cost....... .....-----------------5, 541 58, 551 70, 220 4, 858 1, 156 144, 785 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- -priated for completion of existing project................_............ ................... $45, 855,215 266. REPORT. OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 13. INACTIVE FLOOD-CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for'- maintenance 1. Washington, D. 0.-and vicnity. ._ . 1953, $331,927 ---- __--- $1, 653,,700 2. Harpers Ferry, W. Va. -------------------- 1937,. ------- ---------- 484, 500 3. Moorefield, W. Va.t __.i------_-------_-- 1941 7 928-----__ 1366,200 4. Waynesboro:Va.-- . -- --.-.-.-- -- 1950 .- - ----- - 13,191,600 5.' Emergencyi ooId-controlworkunder author-' - 1950 '"- 7- -- -$56,274- -. ity of the Flood Control Act. approved Au- gust 18, 1941.. .. .- -.- '6. Snagging and. :clearing under :authority of 1950 - i 18, 418 section 2 of the Flood Control Act applroved August 28,' 1937, as amended _- 7. EmergIetyfbod-control worksmunder authoi-, 113 ;311 163- - ity of the flood Control Act approved June 23, 1947_ 8. Small floodcoontrol projects under authority 1953 . ---. ;136,500 - -- of Section 205 of the Flood Conitrol Act ap- provedJune 30, 1948,,as amended. . 9. Emergency flood-coitrol work under author 1953 105 813 - . Ity of Section 208 of the Flood Control Act apprpve4 June 30,,1948.....--- 1 Cost revised in 1954. 2 Recommended for abandonment in SurveyRtiprt g oPotoma)liver.date April30,- 1944,published as House Document 622, 79th Congress, 2d Session. ' - SNo furids available. 14. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS, Examinations and surveys. The ;costs of. navigation studies during the fiscal year was $1,794. The balance unexpended. at the end of the fiscal year, $153, will be applied during the fiscal year 1955 for. the completing of survey reports for and Monroe Creek, Virginia. - Creek 13onUm No work was performed oin examinations and surveys for flood control .during the fiscal year The additional suim of $7,600 i needed to be appropriated for the fiscal year 1956 for examination and survey reports. An anticipated sum of $13,100 is neede.d to be appropriated for the fiscal year 1956 for examinations and surveys. Collection and study of basic data. For the collection and study of basic data $1,940 was expended during the year for the prepa- ration of flood manuals for the Washington District. The additional sum of $4,500 is needed to be appropriated for the fiscal year 1956 for collection and study of basic data- flood emergency studies. 15. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Approved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood control works, Part 208 of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, provide for semiannual inspection by the District Engineers of completed projects which have been transferred to local inter- ests for operation and maintenance. During the fiscal year 1954 the following inspections of completed flood control works have been made: Savage River Dam, Md. An allotment of $2,550 was made dur- FLOOD CONTROL-WASHINGTON, D.C., DISTRICT 267 ing the year for scheduling of flood control reservoir operations at Savage River Dam. Operations during the year consisted of inspections of the operations and hydrologic network, inspec- tions to determine compliance with regulations for maintenance of structures and equipment, and preparation of monthly reports of operations, at a cost of $2,520. All structures inspected were found to be in good condition. Washington, D. C., and Vicinity. The levee systems in Potomac Park, which were constructed as part of the Washington, D. C., and Vicinity project, were inspected during the year. A section along the toe of earth levee removed by the Naval Receiving Station for use as a parking lot was called to the attention of station officials who have furnished information that restoration will be completed during the calendar year. All other project features were found to be in good condition. No costs were incurred for this work. Small flood control projects under authority of Section 205 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, as amended. In- spections were made to determine the condition of earth levees and appurtenances constructed under authority of section 205 of the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, amended by section 212 of the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, in the town of Bridgewater, Virginia, at the junction of North River and Dry River, which have previously been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. It was found that maintenance of the structures has been good. Small damage which has oc- curred in the levee surface has been brought to the attention of local interests and prompt attention has been promised. No costs were incurred for the inspections. Emergency flood control work under authority of section 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. Inspections were made to determine the condition of farm levees constructed under authority of section 208 of the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948 on the south branch of the Potomac River and tribu- taries in West Virginia at 32 localities in Grant, Hardy, Hamp- shire and Pendleton Counties from Romney to Franklin and including Moorefield and Petersburg. In general, it was found that maintenance of all structures has been good. In instances where small damages have occurred the fact has been brought to the attention of local interests and prompt repairs have been promised. No costs were incurred for these inspections. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated---... ------------ ------------ ----------- ----------- $2, 550 $2, 550 Cost...----------- --------------------- I---------- ----------------- 2,520 2, 520 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southeastern West Virginia, central and eastern Virginia, and a portion of northern North Carolina embraced in the west shore drainage basins tributary to the southern part of Chesapeake Bay south of the watershed line between the northerly arm of Winter Harbor and Garden Creek, Va., and the eastern shore drainage basins south of and including Onancock River, Va.; the drainage tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from White Creek and Gargathy Inlet, in- clusive, to the Virginia-North Carolina State line; the Roanoke River Basin above Weldon, N. C.; the Meherrin River Basin above Murfreesboro, N. C.; and the Chowan River Basin above the confluence of the Nottoway and Blackwater Rivers, Va. It also includes the Virginia portion of the Intracoastal Waterways between Norfolk, Va., and Beaufort Inlet, N. C., and the portion of the waterway from Norfolk to the sounds of North Carolina north of Albemarle Sound. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. York Spit Channel, Va -...---..... 269 10. Roanoke River Basin, Va. and 2. Thimble Shoal Channel, Va...... 270 N. C --... __...---.... --.-........ . 288 3. James River, Va.......................... 272 11. John H. Kerr Reservoir, Roan- 4. Appomattox River, Va_....__....... 274 oke River Basin, Va. and 5. Channel to Newport News, Va.. 277 N. C_................... 290 6. Norfolk Harbor, Va......----------.... 278 12. Philpott Reservoir, Roanoke 7. Hampton Roads and the Har- River Basin, Va...................... 292 bors of Norfolk and Newport 13. Gathright Reservoir and Fall- News, Va.-collection and ing Spring Reregulating removal of drift-__-.......... 283 Dam, James River Basin, Va. 293 8. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 14. Inactive flood control projects.. 294 way between Norfolk, Va. 15. General investigations ............... 294 and the St. Johns River, Fla. (Norfolk District)-----.......... 284 9. Inactive navigation projects.... 288 1. YORK SPIT CHANNEL, VA. Location. York Spit Channel lies in the lower Chesapeake Bay opposite the mouth of York River and about 20 miles northerly from Atlantic Ocean at the entrance of Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1222.) Previous project. The original project was adopted March 3, 1905. For further details see page 389 of the Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for a channel approximately 6.77 miles long, 1,000 feet wide, and 39 feet deep at mean low water between the contours of that depth in Chesapeake Bay opposite York Spit. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.5 feet and extreme 3.3 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuation, due to combined wind and tides, referred to mean low water, are minus 2 feet and plus 9.5 feet. 269 270 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The cost for new work for the completed project was $673,410. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $36,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 A channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide. _ H. Doec. 186, 57th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 4, 1913 Channel width increased to 1,000 feet-___,.----- H. Doec. 1190, 62d Cong., 3d sess. July 3, 1930 Channel depth increased to 37 feet H. Doec. 29, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel depth increased to 39 feet ---------------- In accordance with report on file in office of the Chief of Engineers dated June 30, 1942. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. York Spit Channel is an access channel between lower and upper Chesapeake Bay. No terminal facilities are located on the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condi- tion and operation studies with Government plant and hired labor were made during the year at a cost of $6,286. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in 1932 and continued intermittently to February 1952 when the project was completed. The controlling depths as ascertained in March, 1954, were 38.5 feet in midchannel and 36.5 feet along the edges. Depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project prior to fiscal year 1942 was included in the project for Baltimore Harbor and Channels, Md. Since that date, the total cost to June 30, 1954 was $1,527,592, of which $673,410 was for new work and $854,182 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: -------- Appropriated.. $400, 000 $300, 000 $109, 448 -------------.....------ $673, 410 Cost-- _-_------_-_ 401, 613 94, 368 97, 324 --- .673, 410 Maintenance: Appropriated..... 650 5, 500 12, 500-, ------ $10,000 858,691 . Cost__-- ----... 1,140 3, 613 1, 771 $11,821 6, 286 854, 182 1 Costs prior to fiscal year 1942 are included in the project "Baltimore Harbor and Channels". 2. THIMBLE SHOAL CHANNEL, VA. Location. Thimble Shoal Channel lies in the lower portion of Chesapeake Bay between Hampton Roads and the ocean, and is 20 miles northeast of the center of Norfolk Harbor, extending south- easterly 11 miles from a point 11/4 miles east of Thimble Shoal Lighthouse toward the entrance to Chesapeake Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1222.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. For further details see page 470, Annual Report for 1932. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 271 Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 11 miles long, 750 feet wide, and 40 feet deep at mean low water. Under or- dinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.6 feet and the extremes 2 and 3 feet. The extremes of irregular fluctuation, due to com- bined wind and tides, referred to mean low water, are -2 feet and +9.5 feet. The cost for new work, for the completed project, was $2,283,772, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1952) approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $26,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917 (H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in House Document No. 551, 61st Congress, 2d session. Recommended modifications of project. On February 19, 1954, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the project be modified to provide for an increase in the project width of the channel from 750 to 1,000 feet to a project depth of 40 feet, with no change in alignment; and auxiliary channels 450 feet wide and 32 feet deep adjoining each side of the recommended 1,000-foot channel throughout its full length, at an estimated cost of $1,292,000 for new work and $183,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. This recommendation is printed in Senate Document No. 122, 83d Congress, second session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. This project serves as an entrance channel to Hampton Roads. For a description of terminal facilities, see this heading under "Norfolk Harbor, Va.," "Channel to Newport News, Va." etc. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condi- tion and operation studies with Government plant and hired labor were made during the year at a cost of $7,495. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in December 1917, and continued intermit- tently to June 1929, when the work was completed. The control- ling depths, as ascertained in April 1954, were 40 feet in mid- channel and 38.9 feet along the edges. Depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $3,- 406,816, of which $2,283,772 was for new work and $1,123,044 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated-------- --- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------ ----- $2, 617, 381 Cost----------------- ------------------- 2, 617, 381 Maintenance: Appropriated--------... $5, 000 $1, 063 $9, 000 $624 $7, 500 1, 123, 048 Cost ---------------- 4, 350 3, 215 5, 507 4,117 7,495 1,123, 044 1 Includes $333,609 for new work for previous projects. 272 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 3. JAMES RIVER, VA. Location. This river is formed by the junction of the Cow- pasture and Jackson Rivers in Botetourt County, Va., flows easterly 340 miles, and empties into Hampton Roads at Newport News, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 529, 530, and 531.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870. For further details see page 1797 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 461 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the mouth to Hopewell, 69.2 miles; thence 25 feet deep and 200 feet wide, following the cutoff route between Hopewell and the Richmond deepwater terminal, 17.2 miles; thence a channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the deepwater ter- minal to the Richmond lock, 4.4 miles, and the removal of the obstruction in Richmond Harbor known as Trigg cofferdam; for a turning basin 200 feet wide, 600 feet long and 18 feet deep in Richmond Harbor; and for maintenance of the turning basin at Richmond Deepwater Terminal to a depth of 25 feet. Depths of channels are referred to mean low water. The total length of channel included in the project is 90.8 miles, which is the navigable section. The mean tidal ranges under ordinary conditions for different parts of the river are as follows: Mouth, 2.7 feet; Jamestown, 1.85 feet; City Point, 2.8 feet; Dutch Gap, 3.5 feet; Richmond, 3.9 feet. Following are the extreme ranges under ordinary conditions at the same localities: Mouth, 2.1 to 3 feet; Jamestown, 1.6 to 2.3 feet; City Point, 2.3 to 3.2 feet; Dutch Gap 2.9 to 3.9 feet; Richmond, 3.2 to 4.2 feet. The ordinary fluctuation of stage at Richmond, due to floods, are 6 to 12 feet above mean low water. The extreme fluctuations are 16 to 32 feet. The flood heights below Richmond diminish rapidly, the extreme, according to available information, being about 11 feet lower at Dutch Gap, 14 miles below, and 17 to 18 feet lower 20 miles below. The cost for new work, for the completed project was $6,796,240, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1952) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $334,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 5, 1884 Channel 22 feet deep from mouth to Richmond and S. Ex. Doc. 147, 47th Cong., 1st construction of spur and training dikes. sess. June 13,1902 Extension of improvement to Richmond lock gate.... 1 Mar. 3, 1905 Forming a turning basin by widening channel at }H. Doc. 234, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Richmond.J July 3,1930 Existing project dimensions_............... ... .... H. Doc. 314, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Aug. 26, 1937 Removal of the Trigg cofferdam_..----------- - Rivers and Harbors Committee 1 Doc. 68, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 Turning basin in Richmond Harbor__................. H. Doc. 738, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' May 17, 1950 Maintenance of turning basin at Richmond Deep- H. Doc. 191, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' water terminal. 1Contains latest published maps. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 273 Local cooperation. The conditions of local cooperation imposed by the River and Harbor Acts of July 3, 1930, August 26, 1937, March 2, 1945 and May 17, 1950, have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The river's commerce at Richmond is han- dled at the city-owned terminals, city wharf, and Richmond dock, and at 14 privately owned wharves located within or in the imme- diate vicinity of Richmond Harbor. The Richmond deepwater ter- minal at the head of the 25-foot depth serves oceangoing vessels and the larger ships engaged in coastwide trade. Below the deep- water terminal the improvement is served by 42 wharves. The Richmond terminals and wharves, together with the wharves be- tween Richmond and the river's mouth, are adequate for the river's commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing, under one contract, in Richmond Harbor and turning basin, at Richmond Deepwater Terminal, and in Dancing Point---Swann Point Shoal Channel was commenced July 31, 1953, and continued to September 26, 1953, when the work was completed. There were removed 41,466 cubic yards of material from Richmond Harbor and turning basin, 60,277 cubic yards of material from the channel and turning basin at Richmond Deepwater Terminal, and 287,664 cubic yards of material from Dancing Point---Swann Point Chan- nel, a total of 389,407 cubic yards of material, all place measure- ment. The cost of the work was $138,810. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $23,330. Miscellaneous inspections and reports and compilation of com- mercial statistics, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $4,899. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $167,039, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in 1884 and continued intermittently through the various modifications of the project to November 1947, when the work was completed. Construction of the 25-foot chan- nel between Hopewell, Va., and the mouth was commenced in January 1931 and completed in March 1932. Construction of the cutoffs between Hopewell, Va., and Richmond, Va., was com- menced in February 1933 and completed in October 1937. The remainder of the channel between Hopewell and Richmond was completed in October 1938 with the exception of rock removal at Falling Creek and between Richmond deepwater terminal and Richmond which was accomplished between April and November 1947. Construction of the turning basin in Richmond Harbor was commenced in October 1947 and completed in November 1947. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: 274 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U, S. ARMY, 1954 Controlling depths Name of channel Mid- Date determined Left channel Right outside for half outside quarter ;project quarter (feet) width (feet). (feet) Mouth to Hopewell: Rocklanding Shoal Channel, Tribell Shoal Channel-.- ...- .. .... --- ....--- .- :.. 25.0 22. 7 ° -25.0: 24. 0 : 25.0 24. 9 September 1950. March 1954. Goose Hill Channel---,----.--------------- 23. 6 24. 2 23.0 March 1954. Dancing Point-Swann.....----------..-..-- , --- ..... 24. 4 24.1 23.0 March 1954. Point Channel: Weyanoke Point Channel-----..._ -. ... 25.0 125.0 25.01 April 1948 Jordon Point-Harrison Bar-Windmill Point Chan- 20. 5 23. 4 23. 7 May 1952. nel. City Point ChanneL..l-----. - -- ..------ 25.0 25.0 .25.0 August 1949 Hopewell toRichmond Deepwater Terminal........., 4. 3 24.9. 24.2 March 1953. Richimond Deepwater Termiial toiBnk1on tine dock , 16. 4 17.6: 18:0 March 1950l Buxton .Line.dock. to a point, 200 feet downstream 5.0 7.6 11.0 May 1953. from Richmond lock. A point the loer 20feetIdownstreamn , .. from Richmond lock: to- 15.0 .,. ... March 1950. The head of navigation for boat traffic is at Richmond, Va Navi- gation: is practicablethroughou t the year The total cost of the dxisting project to June 30, 1954, was $11,161,417, of whichi $6,796;240 was for new Work, representing $6,212,404 from regular- fnhid s and $583,836 from Public Works funds, and, $4,365,177, for maintenance, including $8388 applied :to the removal of shoals 'in Bennetts Creek, Va., under the pro- visions of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved Oc- tober 17, 1940. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work:: Appropriated...... ..------------------ ........------------ - ----- --------- $7, 559, 240 Cost.. ................. ".. .7;..............7, 559, 240 Maintenance: Appropriated--.... .- $288, 500 $465,157 $248, 500 $136, 142 $385, 000 4, 784, 603 Cost--.........-----...--------- .393, 723 98, 427 403, 182 170, 755 167,039 4,365, 177 1 Includes $763,000 for new work for previous projects. 4. APPOMATTOX RIVER, VA. Location. This river rises in Appomattox County, Va., flows northeasterly 137 miles, and empties into the James River at Hopewell, Va. The portion under improvement extends from its mouth to Petersburg, Va., a distance of 111/2 miles, which is the length of the tidal and navigable reach. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 531.) Previous projects. None. A survey of the river was made prior to the adoption of the existing project. For further details, see page 469, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 80 feet wide and 12 feet deep from the mouth of the river to a point 400 feet above Lieutenant Run; thence 80 feet wide and of such depth, not ex- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 275 ceeding 12 feet, as can be obtained without rock excavation to the head of navigation at Petersburg; including a basin at the mouth of Poes Run 200 feet long, 150 feet wide, and 20 feet deep: and a turning basin at the mouth of Lieutenant Run 500 feet long, 140 to 160 feet wide, and 12 feet deep in the upper 300 feet, the removal of rock to a depth of 18 feet in the north half of the lower 200 feet, and removal of soft material to rock in the south half of the lower 200 feet of this basin. All depths are referred to mean low water. The project also provides for a dam at Petersburg and the ex- cavation for a width of from 200 to 300 feet of a diversion channel connecting the river above the dam with the river at a point 21/2 miles below; for about .1..' miles of levees on the low. grounds between the navigable and. the diversion channels; for a highway bridge and a railway bridge across the diversion channel; and for other .workiincidental to the diversion channel. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.9 feet and the extremes 2.4 and 3,3 feet. There are no records available of the heights of stage due to ordinary floods. These are estimated at 6 to 8 feet above mean low water at Petersburg, where the extremes are from 15.6 feet to 17.1 feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $1,210,000, which includes the estimated cost (1909) of the diversion channel and work incidental to its construction, $260,000. The estimated cost of maintenance (1950) of the navigable channel is $15,000 annually. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1871 Channel 12 feet deep at mean high water' and 60 feet Annual Rdport 1874, pt. II, p. 54. wide. June 13, 1902 Diversion channel and work incidental thereto....... IH. Doc. 139 56 Cong., 2-ses. Mar. 3,1909 f and Annual Report, 19601, p. 1467. June 25,1910 Increasing channel to width of 80 feet and mainte. H. Doc. 952, 60th Conig., 1st sess. .nance of diversion works. Jan. 21, 1927 Channel 80 feet wide and 10 feet deep at mean low H. Doe. 215, 69th Cong., 1st sess. water between mouth and Petersburg. Mar. 2,1945 Existing project dimensions.--------------------- H. Doc. 223, 76th Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The conditions of local cooperation imposed by the River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, in adopting the existing project dimensions, imposed the conditions that local in- terest furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments and rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages attributable to construction of the improvement. These conditions have been fully complied with and approved by the Chief of Engineers on May 10, 1948. Local interests are required to furnish suitable spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are about 2,500 feet of wooden bulk- head and a shore landing in Petersburg Harbor. There is also a wooden bulkhead and pier and a shore landing, used for sand and 276 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 gravel loading, located about 3 miles downstream from Peters- burg. These facilities are privately owned and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance condi- tions and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $1,275. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 83 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the diversion channel and other work incidental thereto was com- men-ced in 1904 and continued intermittently to October 1921 when the work was completed. Construction of the channel 80 feet wide and 10 feet deep at mean low water was commenced in September 1929 and continued intermittently to January 1931 when the work was completed. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths: 80 per- cent of project Name of channel width, 40 per- Date determined cent on either side of center line (feet) Mouth to Lieutenant Run------------------------------------- 6. 9 November 1945- January 1946. Lieutenant Run to Petersburg, Va............................----------------------------- 7.6 April 1950. Turning basin at Lieutenant Run ............................. +0. 3 April 1954. Basin at Poes Run------------------------------------------- 9. 5 April 1950. The head of navigation for boat traffic is at Petersburg, Va. Navigation is practicable throughout the year. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of providing a channel 12 feet deep and generally 80 feet wide from the mouth of the river to the lower end of the turning basin at Lieutenant Run; a channel 80 feet wide and of such depth, not exceeding 12 feet, as can be obtained without rock excavation from the upper end of the turning basin to the head of the existing proj- ect; extending the existing turning basin to a point 100 feet below the center line of Lieutenant Run; widening this basin to 160 feet at the bend at the mouth of the run and to 140 feet at the lower end; removing all rock lying less than 18 feet below mean low water in the north half of the lower 200 feet of the basin; remov- ing soft material in the south half of the lower 200 feet of this basin to rock; dredging the remainder of the turning basin to a depth of 12 feet; and dredging a basin 20 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and 200 feet long at the mouth of Poes Run. Depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $1,379,931, of which $847,841 was for new work, including $260,- 000 for the diversion channel and $532,090 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 277 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: -----------............ Appropriated-------........ ------------------- ----------- ------------ $870, 341 Cost....-------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------ 870, 341 Maintenance: Appropriated..------- $5,000 ............ $1, 500 --$1,427 ...........----------- 532, 315 Cost ----------------- 3, 573 ----------------............------------.......... 1, 275 532, 090 1 Includes $22,500 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- $362, 159 priated for completion of existing project __..-...-.............................. 5. CHANNEL TO NEWPORT NEWS, VA. Location. This channel lies to the west of the north entrance to Norfolk Harbor Channel and connects deep water in James River with Hampton Roads. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 400.) Previous projects. Adopted June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1797 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 459 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 40 feet deep at mean low water, 600 feet wide, increased to 1,000 feet at the ends, and 31/4 miles long through the shoal north of Middle Grouiid Light. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is 2.7 feet and the extremes 2.1 and 3 feet. The extremes of ir- reg ar fluctuations due to combined wind and tides, referred to mean low water, are -2 feet and + 9.5_feet. The cost for new work, for the completed project, was $1,252,- 262, exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,700. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide---------__ H. Doc. 550, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 Channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide-_---------- H. Doc. 605, 63d Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published map.) Jan. 21, 1927 Existing project dimensions .....-------------------- H. Doc. 486, 67th Cong., 4th sess. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are four piers at Newport News, which are the property of the city, and which are open to general public use on equal terms. All of the other piers and wharves served by this improvement are owned by private corporations or companies. The principal terminal and transfer facilities are 278 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 those of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Co. and the Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. There are also at Newport News a wharf used by steamers of the Eastern Steamship Co. and a small boat harbor. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance condi- tion and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $1,956. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in March 1929 and continued intermit- tently to June 1931 when the work was completed. The control- ling depths, as ascertained in March 1954, were 40 feet in mid- channel and 40 feet along the edges. Depths are referred to mean low water. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $1,561,115, of which $1,252,262 was for new work and $308,853, for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated -----------. - ------------ ------------------------ ------------ $1, 477, 262 Cost-------------........................-----.......-------------------.....-- ......--....------------------------......... 1,477, 262 Maintenance: Appropriated_-------_ $4, 000 -$3, 435 $3, 500 $1, 200 - - 321, 733 Cost..............-----------------.. 415 202 1, 918 447 1, 956 321, 353 1Includes $225,000 for new work and $12,500 for maintenance for previous projects. 6. NORFOLK HARBOR, VA. Location. Norfolk, Va., is 187 miles south of Baltimore, Md., and 30 miles from the entrance to Chesapeake Bay at Cape Charles and Cape Henry. The harbor extends from the 40-foot contour in Hampton Roads to a point 2,500 feet above the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge over the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, a distance of 17.3 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 452.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 14, 1876; July 5, 1884; modified June 30, 1885; and by River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890; June 3, 1896; July 7, 1898; June 13, 1902; March 3, 1905; and March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1795 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 454 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a main channel 40 feet deep, 750 feet wide, from Hampton Roads to the mouth of Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, and 450 feet wide up this branch to the Belt Line Railroad bridge, a total distance of 13.2 miles, including an approach and turning area to the same depth of a RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 279 maximum width of 830 feet opposite the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, extending downstream 3,250 feet from the Belt Line Railroad bridge; thence 35 feet deep, 375 feet wide and 1.0 mile long to the Virginian Railway bridge; then 35 feet deep, 250 feet wide, and 3.1 miles long to a point 1,900 feet above the Norfolk & Western Rail- way bridge, with adequate widening of the channel at the bends, a turning basin 35 feet deep and 600 feet by 600 feet at the up- stream end, making a total distance of 17.3 miles; a channel in the Eastern Branch, 25 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 1.09 miles long, from the 40-foot channel at the mouth to the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge, including within its limits, for a distance about 1,000 feet above the mouth, a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide to a point opposite the terminal of the Imperial Tobacco Co. in Berkley; thence 25 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and 0.55 mile long, to the Campostella Bridge; thence 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 1.2 miles long to the Virginian Railway bridge; and for maintenance at a depth of 25 feet of the existing turning basin ap- proximately 51/ acres in extent at the head of the existing project just below the Virginian Railway bridge; a channel in the Western Branch, between the 40-foot channel at the mouth and a point about 3,000 feet above the West Norfolk Highway bridge, a dis- tance of about 1.72 miles; 24 feet deep, 300 feet wide, 0.78 mile, and 200 feet wide, 0.37 mile to the bridge; thence 18 feet deep, 150 feet wide, 0.57 mile; a channel in Scotts Creek between the 40-foot channel at the mouth and a point 100 feet above the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge (about 0.73 mile upstream), 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide; anchorage areas on the west side of the 40-foot channel opposite Lambert Point and south of Craney Island aggre- gating 171 acres, consisting of: One anchorage space 1,200 by 2,400 by 30 feet deep; one anchorage divided into two spaces, each 1,200 by 1,200 by 22 feet deep; one space 900 by 1,900 by 16 feet deep; and another anchorage of 45 acres, 12 feet deep, near Pin- ner Point; and a trapezoidal-shaped disposal area of about 2,500 acres of flats adjacent to and north of Craney Island, enclosed by stone-faced levees of sand pumped from existing deposits adja- cent to and within the disposal area, three sluiceways in the west- erly levee, two rehandling basins, each 200 by 800 feet, 40 feet deep, spaced 500 feet apart, an approach and exit area 3,800 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 28 feet deep connecting the rehandling basins with the 40-foot channel. All depths are referred to mean low water. The mean tidal range is 2.7 feet and the extreme 3 feet. The ex- tremes of irregular fluctuations, due to combined effect of tides and wind, referred to mean low water, are -- 2 feet and +9.62 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $16,683,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $943,- 500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 280 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents HAMPTON ROADS AND ELIZABETH RIVER Mar. 2,1907 A channel 30 feet deep to the navy yard----------.............. H. Doc. 381, 59th Cong., 1st sess. June 25,1910 Depth of 35 feet to the navy yard_.................. H. Doc. 551, 61st Cong, 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 Depth of 40 feet and width of 750 feet to the mouth H. Doe. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. of the Southern Branch. SOUTHERN BRANCH June 25,1910 For a channel with depths of 22 and 25 feet-........... H. Doc. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 Depth of 40 feet and width of 450 feet from the mouth H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. to the Belt Line RR. bridge. Mar. 3,1925 Channel 30 feet deep and 375 feet wide to the Vir- H. Doc. 226, 68th Cong., 1st sess. ginian Ry. bridge, thence 25 feet deep and gener- ally 200 feet wide to the Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge. Aug. 30, 19352 Depth of 25 feet and width of 200 feet from the Nor- H. Doc. 182, 73d Cong., 2d sess. folk & Western Ry. bridge to a point 2,500 feet above, with a turning basin 500 feet square. June 30,1948 Approach and turning area 40 feet deep and a maxi- H. Doc. 545, 80th Cong., 2d sess.' mum width of 830 feet opposite Norfolk Naval Shipyard, thence a channel 35 feet deep and 375 and 250 feet wide to a point 1,900 feet above the Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge and a turning basin 35 feet deep and 600 feet by 600 feet at the upstream end. EASTERN BRANCH July 5,1884 Improvement of the Eastern Branch ................. Annual Report 1885, p. 1015. Mar. 2,1907 Do..... Width of 500 feet and depths of 25 feet and 22 feet.. -- H. Doc. 373, 59th Cong., 1st sess. Removal of shoals at the mouth_----------........... Specified in act. Mar. 3, 1925 Depth of 25 feet and width of 200 feet from the Nor- H. Doc. 226, 68th Cong., 1st sess. folk & Western Ry. bridge to the Virginian Ry. bridge. July 3, 1930 The 30-foot channel to a point opposite the terminal H. Doc. 37, 71st Cong., 1st sess. of the Imperial Tobacco Co. in Berkley. Mar. 2,1945 Depth of 25 feet and width of 300 feet from the Nor- H. Doc. 224, 76th Cong., 1st sess. folk & Western Ry. bridge to the Campostella bridge. WESTERN BRANCH Mar. 4,1913 Channel with depth of 24 feet and widths of 300 and H. Doc. 566, 62d Cong., 2d sess. 200 feet to the West Norfolk highway bridge. July 3, 1930 For the 18-foot channel to a point about 3,000 feet H. Doc. 265, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' above the West Norfolk highway bridge. SCOTTS CREEK Do ..... For the existing project dimensions.-- ...--------.- H. Doc. 189, 70th Cong., 1st sess. ANCHORAGES June 25, 1910 A 30-foot anchorage at Lambert Point .------- --- H. Doc. 551, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 A 12-foot anchorage at Pinner Point and a 35-foot H. Doc. 605, 63d Cong., 2d sess.' anchorage opposite Lambert Point. July 3, 1930 Existing project dimensions of anchorage opposite H. Doc. 143, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Lambert Point and elimination of the 35-foot anchorage authorized by the act of Aug. 8, 1917. Oct. 17, 1940 Extension of present 30-foot anchorage to afford 2 H. Doc. 683, 76th Cong., 3d sess. anchorage spaces 22 feet deep and 1 anchorage space 16 feet deep. DISPOSAL AREA July 24, 1946 A trapezoidal-shaped area of about 2,500 acres of flats H. Doc. 563, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' adjacent to and north of Craney Island, including sluiceways, rehandling basins, and approach and exit areas. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in Emergency Relief Administration program May 28, 1935. Recommended modifications of project. On February 19, 1954, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the project be modified to provide for (1) an increase in the project width of the channel from 750 to 1,500 feet to a project depth of 40 feet, from the 40- foot contour in Hampton Roads up Elizabeth River to a point just south of the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation piers, a total distance of approximately 33,700 feet, such widening to be accom- plished on the southeasterly and easterly sides thereof; at an RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 281 estimated cost to the United States of $3,543,000 for new work and $231,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required, and (2) the elimination of the 30-foot, 22-foot, and 16- foot anchorages presently located south of Craney Island and op- posite Lambert Pbint, and in lieu thereof, the construction of an anchorage 38 feet deep and 1,500 feet square, an anchorage 35 feet deep and 1,500 feet square, an anchorage 20 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide and 3,000 feet long, opposite Lambert Point and south of Craney Island; at an estimated cost to the United States of $1,- 129,000 for new work and $53,000 annually for maintenance. This recommendation is printed in Senate Document No. 122, 83d Congress, second session. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, in adopting the project for a channel in the Eastern Branch, 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, extending from the 40-foot channel to a point opposite the terminal of the Imperial Tobacco Co., imposed the condition that local interests give assurance satisfactory to the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers that they will provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, a branch channel of equal depth to the tobacco terminal. This condition has not been complied with. All prior requirements and conditions imposed by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1935, October 17, 1940, July 24, 1946, and June 30, 1948, have been complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities within the limits of this improvement include about 227 wharves, piers, etc., with an aggregate length available for wharfage purposes of about 32 miles. It is considered that the facilities are adequate for the present commerce of the port. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work on Craney Island Disposal Area, consisting of preparation of general design memoranda, and plans and specifications, with Government plant and hired labor, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued intermittently to the end of the year. Bids were adver- tised and a contract awarded for the initial phase of the Disposal Area consisting of construction of an access road, sand levee, rock riprap, and sluiceways. The cost of the preliminary work was $113,273. No costs were incurred on the contract. Maintenance dredging, by contract, in the Eastern Branch of the Elizabeth River, 25-foot channel to remove the shoal at the site of the old Berkley highway bridge, was commenced May 12, 1954, and continued to May 31, 1954, when the work was suspended to make adjustments to utilities within the area. Work was not resumed prior to the end of the fiscal year. There were removed 25,000 cubic yards of material, place measurement. The cost of the work was $35,623. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $30,474. Miscellaneous inspections and reports and compilation of com- mercial statistics, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $16,653. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $196,023, of 282 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 which $113,273 was for.new work and $82,750 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 48 percent completer at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the 40-foot channel from Hampton Roads to the Belt Line Rail- road bridge was commenced in July 1917 and continued intermit- tently to May 1931, when the work was completed. Construction of the Southern Branch 35-foot channel was commenced in May 1950 and completed in March 1951, except for dredging at the Norfolk-Portsmouth Belt Line Bridge. Construction of the East- ern Branch 25-foot channel was commenced in February 1928, and completed in June 1928. A modification to widen a portion of this channel was commenced in August 1948 and completed in September 1950. Construction of the Western Branch 24-foot channel was completed in 1914. Construction of the Western Branch 18-foot channel was commenced in April 1931 and com- pleted in May 1931. Construction of Scotts Creek was commenced in September 1931 =and completed in December 1931. Construc- tion of Pinner Point anchorage was completed in 1939. Construc- tion of the Craney Island 30-foot anchorage was commenced in January 1931 and completed in May 1931. The controlling depths at mean low water are as follows: Controlling depths Mid- Name of channel Left channel Right Date determined outside for half outside quarter project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) 40-foot channel: Hampton Roads to junction of branches ..- .. - 37. 5 37. 5 35. 0 March 1954. Junction of Branches to Belt Line RR. bridge-__ 40.0 40.0 40.0 May 1951. Southern Branch, Belt Line RR. bridge to point 33. 1 33. 2 34. 0 February 1953. 2, 500 feet above Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge. Eastern Branch: Junction of branches to Norfolk & Western Ry. 25. 0 25.0 25.0 May 1951. bridge. Norfolk & Western Ry. bridge to Virginian Ry. 24. 5 24. 2 24. 4 Do. bridge. Western Branch: Mouth to West Norfolk highway bridge-.... 13.-9 15. 7 16. 6 January 1949. West Norfolk highway bridge to point 3,000 feet 18. 0 18.0 18.0 Do. upstream. Scotts Creek.-----..------- ----------------------- 6. 9 7. 4 I 7. 9 December 1948. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the Eastern Branch between the 40-foot channel at the mouth and a point op- posite the terminal of the Imperial Tobacco Co., a distance of about 1,000 feet; completion of dredging three additional anchorage basins south of the present Craney Island 30-foot anchorage (two anchorage spaces each, 1,200 by 1,200 feet to a depth of 22 feet, and one anchorage space, 900 by 1,900 feet to a depth of 16 feet) ; construction of a trapezoidal-shaped disposal area of about 2,500 acres on the flats adjacent to and north of Craney Island, includ- ing sluiceways, rehandling basins, approach and exit areas, etc.; and dredging at the Norfolk-Portsmouth Belt Line IBridge when the present structure is replaced by a new bridge under the Tru- man-Hobbs Act. Depths are referred to mean low water. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 283 The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $14,623,212, of which $7,890,627 was regular funds and $49,978, Emergency Relief funds, a total of $7,940,605 for new work; and $6,682,607 regular funds for maintenance. In addition there were costs of $23,936 of contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 2 New work: Appropriated... ..--------$554, 123 $767, 000 -$131, 835 $35, 000 $682, 000 $11, 094, 836 Cost ---------------- 273,521 965, 813 4,324 11,200 113,273 10, 502, 309 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 130, 000 290, 044 344, 553 127, 244 113, 000 6, 791, 420 Cost---------------- 204,894 284, 571 311,006 174, 395 82,750 6,754,646 21 Includes $2,561,704 for new work and $72.039 for maintenance for previous projects. In addition $23,936 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954....--------------..................... $72,467 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............-----.. 3,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ..........................-----------------..-----------------------....................................................... 3,072,467 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project .._.......-..-------------- 5, 149, 868 7. HAMPTON ROADS AND THE HARBORS OF NORFOLK AND NEWPORT NEWS, VA.-COLLECTION AND REMOVAL OF DRIFT Location. Hampton Roads is a natural harbor located 300 miles south of New York and 180 miles south of Washington, D. C. Its principal tributaries are James River, affording a natural deep harbor at Newport News, Va.; the Elizabeth River, with its South- ern, Eastern, and Western Branches, providing harbors for Nor- folk and Portsmouth, Va.; and Hampton Creek serving the harbor at Hampton, Va. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 400 and 452.) Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift in Hampton Roads and its tributary waters and authorizes the Secretary of the Army to allot such amounts as may be neces- sary for the work from appropriations for the maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works or from other available appropriations, and that this work shall be carried on as a separate and distinct project. It is wholly a work of mainte- nance. The purpose of the work is to afford relief from variable conditions of obstruction, and no advance estimate of the amount of work required and its proper cost can be made. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, as specified in the act. Terminal facilities. For a description of the terminal facilities on this project see this heading under "Norfolk Harbor" and "Channel to Newport News, Va." Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance opera- tions, consisting of collection and removal of drift material in the 284 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 harbors of Norfolk and Newport News, Va., and their tributaries, with Government plant and hired labor, was carried on during the year, as a cost of $17,496. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is one of continuous maintenance for which no percentage of completion exists. Operations under the existing project were commenced July 1, 1950. Costs for the removal of drift previous to that time were carried under the project "Norfolk Harbor, Va." The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $62,376, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated _________ .. _____ $20, 000 $15, 000 $11, 684 $20, 000 $66, 684 Cost-- - -_ ____--__ 14, 515 17,169 13, 196 17, 496 62, 376 8.ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (NORFOLK DISTRICT) Location. The improvement described herein consists of two in- land water routes approximately paralleling the Atlantic coast south of Norfolk, Va., and located (1) between a point in the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, Va., 2,500 feet above the Norfolk & Western Railway bridge and the Virginia-North Caro- lina State line in North Landing River, a distance of 27.2 miles, and (2) between the mouth of Deep Creek, Va., and the mouth of Pasquotank River, N. C., a distance of 64.6 miles. These routes are shown on United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 452, 1227, 829, and 830. Previous projects. Partial projects were adopted by River and Harbors Acts of March 3, 1873, June 18, 1878, March 3, 1879, June 14, 1880, March 3, 1881, and September 19, 1890. For further details see page 497, Annual Report for 1932, and page 476, An- nual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water and 90 feet to 250 feet wide following the Southern Branch of Elizabeth River, 5.2 miles, the Virginia Land Cut, 8.3 miles, and North Landing River, 13.7 miles; the construction of a tidal guard lock at Great Bridge, Va.; and for the protection of the canal property in the vicinity of the lock against flooding by storm tides through construction of necessary dikes and appurte- nant works. It also provides for channels 10 feet deep at mean low water and 80 feet to 100 feet wide in Deep Creek, 3.1 miles, Turners Cut, 4.3 miles, and Pasquotank River, 35.1 miles; main- taining Dismal Swamp Canal, 22.1 miles, to a depth of about 9 feet mean canal level over a width of 50 feet; the protection of banks in Turners Cut with sheet piling, and cutting certain sharp points in Pasquotank River to shorten its course. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 285 Data relative to the completed locks included in the project Depth on Dimensions miter sills Miles from Great- Year Nor- Location Width est Character of opened Actual folk, of length foundation to navi- cost Va. cham- avail- Lift Upper Lower gation ber able (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) for full width (feet) 12.4 Albemarle and 75 600 2.7 (1) (1) Piles in sand 1932 $499, 913.00 ChesapeakeCanal and shells. (Great Bridge, Va.). 10. 7 Dismal Swamp Ca- 52 300 12 12 12 Natural earth 1940 348, 878. 83 nal (Deep Creek, with cutoff Va.). walls. 33.1 Dismal Swamp Ca- 52 300 12 12 13 ........ ..... do-------- 1941 372, 556. 40 nal (South Mills, N. C.). 1 16 feet at mean low water. The Southern Branch of Elizabeth River and the Deep Creek sections of the two routes are tidal, the mean range being about 2.7 feet with extreme of -2 and +9.6 feet. The remaining sec- tions are non-tidal with fluctuations of 1 to 2 feet in level due to winds. The estimate of cost for new work, made in 1950, was $3,435,300. The latest (1952) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $544,300, including $405,500 for operating and care. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts " Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Existing project dimensions and original route, water- H. Doc. 317, 54th Cong., 1st sess., way from Norfolk, Va., to sounds of North Carolina. and Annual Report, 1896, p. 1086; H. Doc. 131, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report, 1899, p. 1485. July 25, 1912 Original route of the Norfolk-Beaufort Inlet section __ H. Doc. 391, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Do....... Purchase of Chesapeake & Albemarle Co. Canal-... H. Doc. 589, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 Purchase of Lake Drummond Canal (Dismal Swamp Rivers and Harbors Committee Canal). Doc. 5, 67th Cong., 2d sess. 1 July 3, 1930 Construction of a tidal lock at Great Bridge at a limit S. Doc. 23, 71st Cong., 1st sess. of cost not to exceed $500,000. June 26,19342 Operating and care of the works of improvement pro- H. Doc. 117, 76th Cong., 1st sess. vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. Mar. 2,1945 Construction of dikes for protection of canal property H. Doc. 117, 76th Cong., 1st sess. against floodtides_ 1 Contains latest published map, both routes. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities serving the two water routes at the northern terminus are described in the report for Norfolk Harbor, Va. South of Norfolk there are 3 piers, 15 wharves, 6 landings, 5 marine railways, and 3 bulkheads serving these routes. The landings are publicly owned and are open to the public without charge. The remaining facilities are privately owned and are open to the public at a nominal charge. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary engi- 286 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 neering for maintenance dredging and for repairs to floor of South Mills Bridge, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $1,568. Maintenance snagging and bank trimming operations on both waterways, with the U.S. derrick boat Roanoke, were carried on during the year at a cost of $28,124. Installation of emergency power generating equipment for Great Bridge lock, Great Bridge bridge, and North Landing bridge, with Government plant and hired labor, was made during the year at a cost of $8,583. Replacement of floor of Deep Creek bridge with steel grid flooring, with Government plant and hired labor, was accom- plished during the year at a cost of $7,439. Maintenance condition and operation studies, with Govern- ment plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $17,687. Miscellaneous inspections and reports and compilations of commercial statistics, with Government plant and hired labor, were made during the year at a cost of $5,955. Operation and care of the locks, bridges, spillways, wharves, canal plant, grounds, roads, etc., was carried on during the year as required at a cost of $229,716. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $299,072, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 99 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River and North Land- ing River portions of the project was commenced in 1915 and continued intermittently to May 1920, when the work was com- pleted. The Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal was acquired by the United States from the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal Co. on April 30, 1913, for $500,000. Construction of the Deep Creek, Turners Cut, and Pasquotank River portions of the project was commenced in August 1899, and continued intermittently to June 1902, when the work was completed. The Dismal Swamp Canal was acquired by the United States from the Lake Drummond Canal & Water Co. on March 30, 1929, for $500,000. A tidal guard lock in the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal at Great Bridge, Va., was completed in 1932. Locks at Deep Creek, Va., and South Mills, N. C., on the Dismal Swamp Canal were built in 1940 and 1941, respectively. (See table in paragraph "Existing project.") The locks are in good condition. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year are as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 287 Controlling depths: 80 per- cent of project Name of channel width, 40 per- Date determined cent on either side of center line (feet) Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, Va-....-........ --... 110. 5 July 1952. Virginia Cut, Va...-- ---------------------- __-----.. ___ ---- 2 12. 0 July 1948. North Landing River, Va- .............-......-.... - ... 12. 0 May-Aug. 1953. Deep Creek, Va----...............________ .. ______.... .____ 1 8. 6 October 1953. Dismal Swamp Canal-......______.__._____........____ 4 7. 4 January 1954. Turners Cut, N. C...........-..__________..__ ..___. .______ .5 8. 4 May-June 1951. Pasquotank River, N. C-__ __ - -____________-----____ __ 5 9. 4 January-February 1947. 1 Depths are referred to mean low water. 2 Depths are referred to Virginia Cut datum. s Depths are referred to North Landing River datum. 4 Depths are referred to canal datum. 5 Depths are referred to ordinary low water. The work remaining to be done to complete the project con- sists of protection to canal property in the vicinity of the lock at Great Bridge, Va., against flooding by storm tides, through construction of necessary dikes and appurtenant works. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $12,342,702, of which $3,396,276 (including $1 million for the purchase of the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal and the Dismal Swamp Canal) was for new work; $4,173,561 for maintenance; and $4,772,865 for operation and care. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated........ ---------- ------------------------ ------------ ------------ '$3, 688, 372 Cost------............------------ ------------------------------------------------ 3, 688, 372 Maintenance: Appropriated------......--. $777, 350 $453, 456 $297, 432 $247, 577 $331, 218 9, 055, 116 Cost.........-.------ 469, 435 604,688 418,040 309, 693 299,072 8, 999,230 1 Includes $292,096 for new work and $52,804 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project.............. ..-........................ .......... $39, 000 Sig 10-287-318 288 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 9. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required Annual Con- Operation to Report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Onancock River, Va.' 2-------_-___-___ _ 1951 $187, 914 $100, 443 (3) 2. Nandua Creek, Va. ------------- - 1950 6, 988 2,988 (3) 3. Occohannock Creek, 4 Va.'------------------1951 13, 859 36, 723 $90, 100 4. Quinby Creek, Va. ____- l -____- -________ -1953 23, 276 -------------- 108, 700 5. Little Machipongo River, Va.'------- __ - 1950 15, 000 12, 596 (') 6. Oyster Channel, Va.' 4 --------------------- 1952 54, 600 6, 936 (S) 7. Kings Creek, Va. -- - - - 1950 122, 000 8. Cape Charles City Harbor, 4 Va.' 5- 1950 648, 381 80,716 207, 000 9. Winter Harbor, Va. -__------------_____ 1950 239, 000 10. Horn Harbor, Va.4l__ _________-_____ 1950 11, 487 21,472 (') 11. Davis Creek, Va. - -________ 1 _ 1950 103, 000 12. Mattaponi River, Va.' --- -- -_ 1950 83, 836 142, 519 160, 400 13. Pamunkey River, Va.' __________________-_ 1951 31, 376 154, 346 35, 600 14. - York River, Va.-_ __-___-_______________ _ 1941 180, 904 173, 355 128, 000 15. Channel connecting York River, Va. with Back Creek to Slaight's Wharf 1 7- ..-.. 1950 14, 855 19, 828 (S) 16. Little River (Creek), Va.- _ _ ____ 1952 168, 623 104,547 (S) 17. Deep Creek (City of Warwick), Va.4_ ... -1951 25, 637 57, 178 199, 400 18. Pagan River, Va.' 9--__-______________ 1 _ 1950 51, 425 256, 414 (3) 19. Nansemond River, Va. o _ _ 1952 167, 477 213, 045 (3) 20. Portsmouth Harbor, Va. Channel to Nanse- mond Ordnance Depot 1-. .... - --.. 1947 165, 566 66, 162 () 21. Hampton Creek, Va.' 11 ______"_-_-___-_ 1950 249, 206 14, 129 (') 22. Channel from Phoebus, Va. to deep water in Hampton Roads 112 1944 11, 500 11, 750 (S) 23. Willoughby Channel, Va.'------------------ 1953 8, 500 17, 522 (s) 24. Newport News Creek, Va.'----------------- 1953 135, 600 5, 937 (S) 25. Lafayette River, Va. --------------------- 1950 12, 048 1, 000 (3) 26. Knobbs Creek, N. C.1_..___-.._____....-.. 1950 80, 500 25, 000 (') 27. Blackwater River, Va.' 1S______ ____------____ 1953 36, 044 77, 905 302, 000 1 Channels adequate for commerce. 2 Includes $33,549 for new work and $24,754 for maintenance for previous projects. 3 Completed. 4 Construction funds to complete project not available until later date. 5 Includes $445,291 military funds expended for new work on adopted project and $83,041, military funds expended for new work on wharf and bulkhead. 6 Includes $51,249 for new work and $60,440 for maintenance for previous projects. SIn addition $2,500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 8 Federal funds expended by U. S. Navy for new work. In addition $16,995 expended from funds con- tributed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. for new work. 9 Includes $20,671 for new work for previous projects. 10Includes $30,000 for new work and $7,000 for maintenance for previous projects. 11Includes $12,000 for new work for previous projects and $62,969 expended from contributed funds for new work. 12 In addition $1,200 for new wors was expended from contributed funds. isIncludes $14,000 for new work for previous projects. 10. ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. AND N. C. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a series of dams and reservoirs in the Roanoke River and its tributaries in Virginia and North Carolina, within a radius of 100 miles from Danville,, Va. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive de- velopment of the Roanoke River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 650, 78th Con- gress, 2d session, and authorized the construction of the John H. Kerr Reservoir (formerly known as the Buggs Island Reservoir) on the Roanoke River in Virginia and North Carolina, and the Philpott Reservoir on the Smith River in Virginia as the initial step of this development. Following is a list of the dams and reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan. The estimates of cost as given were revised in 1954. Dams and reservoirs Distance Estimated cost above Reservoir Power de- Name Nearest city mouth 1 Height of dam and type capacity velopment (miles) (acre-feet) (kilowatts) Con- Land and struction damages 2 Total 3 John H. Kerr, Va. and N. C.4__ Boydton, Va ... ------ 178. 7 144 feet, concrete gravity and earth fill 2, 808, 000 204,000 61, 900, 000 25, 250, 000 87, 150, 000 Philpott, Va. 4 ------------- Bassett, Va _________ 336. 2 220 feet, concrete gravity 5.. ......-------------- 249, 800 14, 000 12, 180, 000 1, 160, 000 13, 340, 000 Gaston, Va. and N. C...._____ Roanoke Rapids, N. C.6 Roanoke Rapids, N. C. _ ____do_____________ 144. 9 137. 0 108 feet, concrete gravity and earth fill-_ 75 feet, concrete gravity_ 432, 000 59, 300 54, 000 83, 700 27, 000, 000 31, 300, 000 3, 500, 000 800, 000 30, 500, 000 32, 100, 000 O 0 O Smith Mountain, Va ._________ Altavista, Va ....... 314. 2 244 feet, concrete gravity --------------- 825, 000 41, 000 28, 000, 000 3, 800, 000 31, 800, 000 Leesville, Va____________________do.. 293. 7 95 feet, concrete gravity and earth fill___ 76, 900 20, 000 9, 100, 000 1, 000, 000 10, 100, 000 0 Taber, Va____-. ___-_____.. __________do_______ 275. O0 54 feet, concrete gravity _ 34, 000 12, 000 8, 000, 000 1, 700, 000 9, 700, 000 Melrose, Va-___ Brookneal, Va_________ 262. 9 110 feet, concrete gravity and earth fill_ 120, 000 43,000 17, 700, 000 6, 000, 000 723, 700, 000 Randolph, Va___________ __ Chase City, Va -.-.. 227.8 147 feet, concrete gravity and earth fill-- 305, 000 48, 000 22, 100, 000 4, 700,000 26, 800, 000 Stuart, Va. and N. C - Spray, N. C ...----------- 297. 2 138 feet, earth fill_____________ ____ 163, 000 15, 000 9, 000, 000 1, 100, 000 10, 100, 000 0 Schoolfield, Va. and N. C . - Danville, Va ..----- - 265. 9 126 feet, concrete gravity and earth fill__ 248, 000 80, 000 27, 800, 000 6, 400, 000 34, 200, 000 O 1 Mouth of Roanoke River at Albemarle Sound. 5 Authorizing legislation provided for earth dam; concrete, gravity dam constructed. 2 Includes highway, railroad, and utilities relocation. 6 Based on modified plan developed in fiscal year 1949. 3 Exclusive of transmission lines. O 7 Includes cost of earth dam on Whipping Creek, diversion conduit, power canal, power- 4 Details of these project items are given in individual reports. house, etc. O H CDl 290 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. None required. John H. Kerr and Philpott Reservoirs are the only projects in the comprehensive plan that have been authorized for construc- tion in accordance with the above authorization, and individual reports on the two reservoirs are given in the following pages. All operations previously reported under the heading, "Roanoke River Basin, Va. and N. C.," for those two projects are now con- tained in the individual reports, and previous costs and expendi- tures have also been transferred to those reports. 11. JOHN H. KERR RESERVOIR, ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. AND N. C. Location. The site for the John H. Kerr Dam is on the Roanoke River, about 178.7 river miles above the mouth. It is in Mecklen- burg County, Va., 20.3 miles downstream from Clarksville, Va., 18 miles upstream from the Virginia-North Carolina State line, and 80 miles southwest of Richmond, Va. At the elevation of the top of gates, the reservoir will extend upstream on the Roa- noke River 56 miles and on the Dan River 34 miles. Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a concrete gravity dam with wing and saddle dikes on the right and left banks, with a total length of approximately 22,285 feet. The main dam consists of a nonoverflow concrete section on the right bank 629 feet long, a concrete spillway section 1,092 feet long, a concrete power intake section 614 feet long, and a con- crete nonoverflow section on the left bank 450 feet long. The right bank earth wing and saddle dikes total 9,050 feet in length and the left bank wing and saddle dikes total 10,450 feet in length. The maximum height of the concrete section is 144 feet above bedrock and the earthfill dikes vary in height to a maxi- mum of 45 feet. At the elevation of the top of gates, the dam provides a total storage capacity of 2,808,000 acre-feet, of which 1,278,000 acre-feet is flood storage; 1,046,000 acre-feet, power drawdown; and 484,000 acre-feet in dead storage below the sur- face of the minimum power pool. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated system of reservoirs in the Roanoke River Basin for the control of floods, the generation of hydro- electric power, the regulation of low water flow for the abate- ment of pollution, and for other purposes. The power installa- tion is 204,000 kilowatts. The estimate of cost, revised in 1954, is $61,900,000 for con- struction and $25,250,000 for lands and damages, including the relocation of highways, railroads, and utilities, a total of $87,- 150,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, which approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Roanoke River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Docu- ment 650, 78th Congress, 2d session. The latest published map is printed in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations, by hired labor, consisted of land acquisition activities and preparation of FLOOD CONTROL-NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 291 contract plans and specifications for the construction of the project. The acceptance of options and filing of condemnation proceedings on an additional 137 acres of land were accom- plished. Seven relocation agreements relating to utilities,, rail- roads, and highways were completed. One hundred and eight outleases were processed. Planning for recreation and other land uses and for reservoir regulation was continued during the year. Operations by contract were continued for completion of the radio communication system. Supply contracts for furnishing flow meters, outdoor metering equipment, and carrier current equipment have been completed. Four highway and railroad relocations were completed. Contracts were continued for construction of the powerhouse and switchyard. Contracts were initiated for construction of two outpost points to include a boathouse, garage and storage building, an administration building, and a comfort station. Purchase of permanent operating equipment items was con- tinued. A reservoir ditching program was initiated by hired labor. Operation and maintenance of the project for flood control and production of power was continued throughout the year. All generating units were available for power production in December 1953. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $2,234,008, of which $1,784,004 was for new work and $450,004 for opera- tion and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in February 1946 and the project as a whole is complete except for several minor supply contracts, reservoir management facilities, and construction of recreational facilities and resolution of claims against the Government, and judgments in real estate condemnation cases. Production of power is under- way and the project is providing flood protection. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $84,971,974 of which $84,396,356 was for new work and $575,618 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ...... . 800, 000 $25, 500, 000 $17, 000, 000 $15, $7, 806, 000 $555, 200 $85, 761, 200 Cost_ - 16, 182, 126 19, 144, 021 19, 168, 522 14, 783, 565 1, 784, 004 84, 396, 356 Maintenance: Appropriated __ _ __ ------- _-- 125, 614 454, 600 580, 214 . Cost----------- ------------ ---------------- ----- 125, 614 450,004 575,618 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-..-. ............... $861, 853 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .... ----------------------------------------- 861,853 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project------........--...................................---------------------------....................... 1,388,800 292 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 12. PHILPOTT RESERVOIR, ROANOKE RIVER BASIN, VA. Location. The site for the proposed Philpott Dam is on Smith River, Va., 44.3 miles above its junction with the Dan River near Leaksville, N. C., and 35 miles upstream from the Virginia-North Carolina State line. It is in Franklin and Henry Counties, 34 air- miles south of Roanoke, Va. At spillway crest elevation, the reser- voir will extend upstream about 16 miles. Existing project. This project provides for the construction of a concrete gravity dam 892 feet long with a maximum height of 220 feet. The dam consists of a nonoverflow concrete section on the right bank 280 feet long, a concrete power intake section 92 feet long, an ungated spillway section 120 feet long, and a concrete nonoverflow section on the left bank 400 feet long. The power- house, located at the toe of the dam, has a total installation of 14,000 kilowatts. At the elevation of the maximum flood control pool, the reservoir has a storage capacity of 249,800 acre-feet, of which 82,400 acre- feet is reserved for the control of floods, 111,100 acre-feet for the development of hydroelectric power, and 56,300 acre-feet is dead storage. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the control of floods in the Roanoke River Basin, the generation of hydroelectric power, the regulations of low water flow for the abatement of pollution, and for other purposes. The estimate of Federal cost, revised in 1954, is $12,180,000 for construction and $1,160,000 for lands and damages, including highway, and other relocations, a total of $13,340,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, which approved the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Roanoke River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 650, 78th Congress, 2d session. The latest published map is printed in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations, by hired labor, consisted of preparation of contract plans and specifications for the construction of portions of the project and land acquisition activities. Construction of the powerhouse was completed. Construction of Buildings, Grounds and Utilities and procurement of Permanent Operating Equipment was continued throughout the year. A negotiated settlement was made with the State of Virginia for re- location of Highway No. 623 and Highway No. 785. A contract for radio communication equipment was completed. Operation and maintenance of the project was continued throughout the year and production of power was initiated. The cost of the work for the fiscal year was $351,157, of which $206,790 was for new work, and $144,367 for operation and main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in March 1948 and the project as a whole is complete FLOOD CONTROL--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 293 except for some items of work under Buildings, Grounds, and Utilities and Permanent Operating Equipment and cleanup work. The entire reservoir area has been acquired with the exception of 2 tracts. Production of power has been initiated and the project is providing flood protection. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $13,420,833, of which $13,207,047 was for new work, and $212,923 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .... -. $2,500,000 $5, 235, 000 $2, 705, 000 $300, 000 ------------ $13,340,000 _ _ Cost_---------------___ 3, 135, 142 5,363, 381 2,111, 791 1,279, 160 $206,790 13, 207, 047 Maintenance: Appropriated _ _ __ ____________. ........ -- ______ ............ 69, 386 144, 400 213, 786 Cost______--------. ..... _....... ............ ............ 68, 556 144, 367 212, 923 Other new work data: $115, 657 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-------...................... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .. ......... -........ ............. ..----------................ 115,657 .....-......... 13. GATHRIGHT RESERVOIR AND FALLING SPRING REREGULATING DAM, JAMES RIVER BASIN, VA. Location. The sites of the proposed Gathright and Falling Spring Dams are on the Jackson River, a tributary of the James River, at miles 43.4 and 35.1, respectively. The Gathright dam site is located in the reach of the Jackson River known as the Gorge, about 19 miles upstream from Covington, Va. The Falling Spring dam site is located about 11 miles upstream from Covington and 1 mile south of the community of Falling Spring, Va. Both dam sites are in Alleghany County. At the elevation of the top of gates, Gathright Reservoir will extend upstream about 15 miles. (See Falling Spring and Mountain Grove, Va.-W. Va., quadrangles of the U. S. Geological Survey.) Existing project. This project provides for the construction of the Gathright Dam and the Falling Spring Reregulating Dam on the Jackson River. The Gathright Dam will be a rockfill dam with impervious earth core having a maximum height of 248 feet above streambed and a crest length of 800 feet with a gated side-channel concrete spillway. At the elevation of the top of gates, the dam will provide a total storage capacity of 417,000 acre-feet, of which 110,000 acre-feet will be flood storage; 264,000 acre-feet, power drawdown; and 43,000 acre-feet, dead storage. The powerplant will have an installed capacity of 34,000 kilowatts. The variable flow from this power installation will be reregulated by the Falling Spring Dam, which will be a low, gravity-type, concrete structure, with an earth embankment at the right abutment. The Falling Spring Dam will have a maximum height of 64 feet and a crest length of 850 feet, of which 640 feet will be concrete and 210 feet will be earth fill. The storage at spillway crest elevation will be 294 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 4,700 acre-feet, of which 4,000 acre-feet will be available for streamflow regulation. The estimate of Federal cost for the project, including both dams and reservoirs, revised in 1954, is $24,840,000 for construction and $2,460,000 for lands and damages, including highway, railroad, and utility relocation, a total of $27,300,000 for new work. The project, as set forth in House Document 207, 80th Congress, 1st session, was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The latest published map is printed in the project docu- ment. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work on design memorandum in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was continued intermittently throughout the year. Work was sus- pended in October 1953 except for consolidation of records due to the marginal economics of the project as authorized. The cost of the work for the fiscal year was $53,256, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advanced planning on the proj- ect has been suspended due to the marginal economics of the proj- ect as determined by design memorandum submitted to date. Ap- proximately 10 percent of all planning for the project has been completed. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $98,851, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated------------------ ----------------- - . $130, 000 -$27, 000 $103, 000 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 45, 595 53, 256 98, 851 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ....... $2,460 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------------------------------... -------- 2,460 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- 27, 197, 000 pletion of existing project-----...--....................................... 14. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 2 1950 $1, 000. 00 - (1) of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 28, 1937, as amended. 1 Completed 15. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The total cost and expenditure of examinations and surveys during the fiscal year was $1,232. The unexpended balance for examinations and surveys on June 30, 1954, in the amount of $211, and an estimate of additional funds FLOOD CONTROL--NORFOLK, VA., DISTRICT 295 in the amount of $5,000, a total of $5,211, can be applied during fiscal year 1955 to payment of expenses to be incurred under this heading. Collection and study of basic data. The total cost and expendi- ture of collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year was $986. The unexpended balance on June 30, 1954, in the amount of $2,446, and an estimate of additional funds in the amount of $2,000, a total of $4,446, can be applied during fiscal year 1955 to payment of expenses under this heading. The additional sum of $68,100 is needed to be appropriated for fiscal year 1956, of which $59,100 can be applied to examina- tions and surveys and $9,000 to the collection and study of basic data. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WILMINGTON, N. C., DISTRICT This district comprises central and eastern North Carolina embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean from the southern boundary of Virginia to Shallotte River, in- clusive, with the exception of the Roanoke River Basin above Weldon, N. C.; the Meherrin River Basin above Murfreesboro, N. C.; and the Chowan River Basin above the confluence of the Nottaway and Blackwater Rivers. It includes the portions of the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway from the northern boundary of North Carolina to Little River, S. C., and the portion of the Waterway from Norfolk, Va., to the Sounds of North Carolina, south of the north shore of Albemarle Sound. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation _ Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 6. Cape Fear River, N. C., above way between Norfolk, Va., Wilmington . ............ 308 and the St. Johns River, Fla. 7. Wilmington Harbor, N. C .... __. 310 (Wilmington district) ....... ______ 297 8. Inactive navigation projects .... 313 2. Roanoke River, N. C__........ ...... 301 3. Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay, N . C.......______..... ___ ........ . .... 303 Flood control 4. Channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, N. C......-....-............ 305 9. Inactive flood-control projects__ 314 5. Morehead City Harbor, N. C.. .... .. . 306 10. General investigations .-.. 314 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (WILMINGTON DISTRICT) Location. This waterway is a sea-level route through coastal sounds and marine marshes, approximately paralleling the At- lantic Coast between Norfolk, Va., and St. Johns River, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 830 to 842, inclusive.) The section within the Wilmington district begins at the Vir- ginia-North Carolina State line and extends generally southerly to Beaufort, thence southwestward to Cape Fear River, and thence westward to Little River, S. C., 308 statute miles. Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 4, 1836; March 3, 1837; July 7, 1838; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; June 14, 1880; March 3, 1881; August 2, 1882; August 5, 1886; September 19, 1890; March 3, 1905; June 25, 1910; and August 8, 1917. For further details, see page 1803 of Annual Re- port for 1915; pages 585, 587, and 589 of Annual Report for 1917; page 522 of Annual Report for 1926; page 497 of Annual Report for 1932; and pages 476 and 523 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water, with bottom widths varying from 90 feet in land cuts to 300 feet in open waters; for the construction, operation, and maintenance of suitable bridges; for a tidal lock in the land cut near the Cape Fear River; for a channel 12 feet deep at mean 297 298 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 low water and 90 feet wide on the bottom in New River between the Intracoastal Waterway and the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad bridge at Jacksonville, N. C., 21 miles, and a basin at Jacksonville of the same depth and varying in width; for a side channel 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide to a turning basin of the same depth, 200 feet wide and 350 feet long, opposite the principal wharves at Swans- boro; for an entrance channel 6 feet deep and 90 feet wide at New River Inlet, with connecting channel of same dimensions to the Intracoastal Waterway near the mouth of New River; for six mooring basins at various locations along the waterway; for a channel 14 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the ocean bar at Masonboro Inlet, thence 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide to the chan- nel of the Intracoastal Waterway at Wrightsville by way of Banks and Motte Channels; a turning basin 15 feet deep having a maxi- mum width of 300 feet and length of 700 feet on the east side of Banks Channel near Masonboro Inlet, with three 15-pile dolphins therein; for a jetty on each side of Masonboro Inlet extending to the 14-foot depth in the ocean; for a yacht basin 230 feet wide, 450 feet long, and 12 feet deep near the town of Southport, con- nected with the waterway by a suitable channel of the same depth; and for salt-water-intrusion preventive measures in the vicinity of Fairfield, N. C., as follows: Construction of a pumping plant and a dam, with control gates and appurtenant works on Fairfield Canal near the Intracoastal Waterway; restoration and enlarge- ment where necessary of Boundary Canal from the vicinity of Swindell Canal to the vicinity of Baum Canal, together with appurtenant works necessary to cut off inflow from other areas; and construction of dams with 30-inch automatic floodgates across Swindell, Florida, Burris, and Baum Canals near Mattamuskeet Lake. That portion of the waterway north of the mouth of Neuse River is nontidal; variation in the water surface, due to winds, seldom exceeds 2 feet above or below mean stage. In the section between Beaufort and Cape Fear River the tidal range varies from 31/ feet at the inlets to 1 foot at points between. The tidal range for New River varies from 31/ feet at New River Inlet to 1 foot at the head of the marshes, and nothing at Tar Landing, 31 miles above. The mean range of tide in the section from Cape Fear River, N. C., to Little River, S. C., varies between 4.7 feet in Cape Fear River, 4 feet at intermediate inlets, and 2 feet at points midway between inlets.* The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $10,338,000, exclusive of jetties at Masonboro Inlet and the tidal lock; $11,928,000, includ- ing the jetties; and $13,678,000, including the jetties and tidal lock. The latest 1954 approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $472,100, which includes $95,000 for operating and care of five highway bridges. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DISTRICT 299 Acts Work authorized Documents I _ I_ July 25, 1912 Original route of the Norfolk-Beaufort Inlet section ._ H. Doc. 391, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Do....... Purchase of canal_...................... ............ H. Doc. 589, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 Change in route; following changes approved by H. Doc. 1478, 63d Cong., 3d sess., Secretary of War, Apr. 14, 1919: and H. Doc. 1136, 64th Cong., 1st Albemarle Sound-Pamlico Sound section: sess.' Changed from "Alligator River-Rose Bay route" to "Alligator River-Pungo River route." Pamlico Sound-Neuse River section: Changed from "Pamlico Sound-Brant Shoal- Neuse River route" to "Goose Creek-Bay River route." Do....... A 3-foot channel 100 feet wide fromBeaufort to Swans- H. Doc. 1775, 64th Cong., 2d sess. boro, thence 40 feet wide to Jacksonville. July 18, 1918 Alligator River-Pungo River route (proposed land Approved by Secretary of War, cut connecting the rivers): Changed from a straight May 15, 1919. line to a bent line approaching nearer the town of Fairfield, N. C. Jan. 21, 1927 A 12-foot channel 90 feet wide from Beaufort to Cape H. Doc. 450, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Fear River, N. C. July 3, 1930 A waterway 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from Cape H. Doc. 41, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Fear River to Winyah Bay. Mar. 4, 19332 Construction of a suitable bridge near Fairfield, N. C. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 5, 72d Cong., 1st sess. June 26,19343 Operating and care of the works of improvement pro- vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 1935 A 10-foot channel 90 feet wide in New River from the H. Doc. 67, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' Inland Waterway to Jacksonville. Aug. 26,1937 Increasing dimensions of waterway to 12 feet deep Rivers and Harbors Committee and 90 feet wide. Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Do....... A 12-foot side channel 90 feet wide to Swansboro..... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 16, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' June 20, 1938 To provide a yacht basin near Southport, 12 feet H. Doc. 549, 75th Cong., 3d sess.1 deep, 230 feet wide, and 450 feet long, with connect- ing channel. Do....... A 6-foot channel 90 feet wide from New River Inlet H. Doc. 691, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' to the Inland Waterway. Mar. 2, 1945 Six mooring basins-..................---..-.---..--. H. Doc. 660, 76th Cong., 3d sess.' Do....... An 8-foot channel 90 feet wide from waterway to H. Doc. 346, 77th Cong., 1st sess.1 Masonboro Inlet. June 30, 1948 A 12-foot channel in New River ...................... H. Doc. 421, 80th Cong., 1st sess.' May 17, 1950 Vicinity of Fairfield, drainage..................... H. Doe. 723, 80th Cong., 2d sess.' Do....... Masonboro Inlet and connecting channels........... H. Doc. 341, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' 1Contains latest published maps. 2 Public, No. 433, 72d Cong. s Permanent appropriations repeal act. Recommended modifications of project. To provide a side chan- nel to Peltier Creek, west of Morehead City, the Chief of Engineers, July 28, 1949, recommended that the project be modified to provide for a channel 12 feet deep, 90 feet wide, and about 1,850 feet long extending from the 12-foot-depth curve in the Intracoastal Water- way in Bogue Sound into Peltier Creek, with a basin 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 600 feet long at the inner end, all at an estimated cost of $32,000 for construction, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation (H. Doc. 379, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Complied with, except for the following: a. Channel in New River (H. Doc. 421, 80th Cong., 1st sess.), which requires that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable areas for disposal of dredged material during construc- tion and for subsequent maintenance, as and when needed; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction works and subsequent maintenance, including damages to oyster beds, and provide adequate terminal facilities at Jack- sonville, open to all on equal terms. 300 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 b. Vicinity of Fairfield (H. Doc. 723, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), which requires that local interests provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction, maintenance, and operation of the project; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construc- tion works, and from all past damage in the area herein under consideration, which may have been caused by salt-water in- trusion as a result of construction of the land cut of the Intra- coastal Waterway; obtain and hold rights-of-way to present canals involved in the improvement, including the extinguishment of all present claims of rights, title, and interest to any of the canals; construct all necessary bridges and culverts for roads, and con- struct, enlarge, and clean all canals and ditches necessary for the efficient operation of the project; and maintain and operate the works after completion. Local interests, including the Hyde County Board of Commissioners, have heretofore indicated that they would comply with the provisions of local cooperation when called upon to do so. In June 1954, local interests were advised that before construction could start they would have to fulfill the provisions of local cooperation. Those interests stated that they would organize so that they would be in a position to comply with those provisions. c. Masonboro Inlet and connecting channels (H. Doc. 341, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), which requires that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the im- provements. Terminal facilities. There are numerous wharves and land- ings along the present waterway, used mostly for shipping agri- cultural and timber products and docking commercial and pleasure fishing boats. These wharves are of the open pile and timber type. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging by contract, operation and care of five bridges, condition and operation studies, and inspections and reports. Between January 1 and March 7, 1954, the contract dredge Hampton Roads on maintenance dredging removed 264,281 cubic yards from shoals in the through waterway at a cost of $94,409. Between June 13 and 30, 1954, the contract dredge Savannah on maintenance dredging removed 55,000 cubic yards from shoals in the through waterway at a cost of $19,088. Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports cost $9,095. The bridges at Coinjock, Fairfield, Wilkerson Creek, Hobucken, and Core Creek were operated and maintained at a cost of $96,841. The total costs were $219,433 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The entire project was about 91 percent completed. That portion of the project between the RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DISTRICT 301 Virginia-North Carolina State line and Beaufort, N.C., was com- menced in August 1923 and completed in February 1930; the 12- foot channel between Beaufort and Cape Fear River was com- menced in March 1927 and completed in December 1932; the 12-foot side channel to Swansboro was commenced in December 1938 and completed in January 1939; the 10-foot channel in New River to Jacksonville was commenced in July 1939 and completed in Octo- ber 1939; the 6-foot channel from New River Inlet to the Water- way was commenced in March 1940 and completed in June 1940; the 12-foot channel from Cape Fear River, N. C., to Little River, S. C., was commenced in February 1939 and completed in June 1940; and the yacht basin at Southport was dredged during Sep- tember 1940. No work has been done on providing a tidal lock in the land cut near the Cape Fear River, six mooring basins at various locations, a 12-foot channel in New River, dredged chan- nels in Masonboro Inlet and connecting channels, jetties at Mason- boro Inlet, or salt-water-intrusion preventive measures in the vicinity of Fairfield, N. C. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depths were as follows: Between Virginia State line and Beaufort, 10.0 feet; Beaufort to Cape Fear River, 9.8 feet; side channel to Swansboro, 12 feet; channel in New River to Jackson- ville, N. C., 6.5 feet; channel to New River Inlet, 5.0 feet; and between Cape Fear River, N. C., and Little River, S. C., 11.0 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $16,424,500, including $80,282 Public Works funds, of which $9,- 401,800 was for new work and $7,022,700 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: . . .... Appropriated----------- ------------ ---------------- ------------------- $9, 600, 507 Cost------------------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 9, 600, 507 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $236, 800 $243, 962 $163, 500 $164, 018 $249, 953 7, 167, 970 Cost----------- --- 249, 100 230, 981 174, 796 160, 079 219, 433 7, 130, 334 1 Includes $198,707 for new work and $107,634 for maintenance for previous projects. Total authorized project: Authorized project, excluding jetties at Masonboro Inlet and tidal lock in Snows Cut $ 741, 200 Authorized project, excluding tidal lock---------------------------------------- . 2, 331, 200 Authorized project, excluding jetties.-.-----.--.----.-----------_ .- ---. 2, 686, 200 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955....-------........ $195,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955....----------------------------------------- 195,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project .... -----------------------------... 4, 081, 200 2. ROANOKE RIVER, N. C. Location. This stream rises in the Blue Ridge Mountains, west of Roanoke, Va., and flows southeasterly about 200 miles to Clarks- ville, Va., where it is joined by Dan River, its principal tributary; and thence in the same general direction about 198 miles and empties into the westerly end of Albemarle Sound, N. C. (See 302 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1228 and Post Route Map of North Carolina.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 12 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the 12-foot contour in Albemarle Sound into Roanoke River and thence upstream to about 1 mile above Plymouth, N. C., 10 miles; thence a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Hamilton, 53 miles; thence a channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide to Palmyra Landing, 18 miles, with a cutoff chan- nel of like dimensions about 2 miles above Hamilton; and thence a channel 5 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Weldon, N. C., 50 miles, by dredging, snagging, and regulation. Depths of channels are referred to mean low water. The rise and fall of the river from freshets is from 18 to 33 feet for about 70 miles below Weldon, but this fluctuation diminishes toward the mouth, the variations in water levels being from 1 to 2 feet in the lower 15 or 20 miles. The total length of channels included in the project is 131 miles. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $639,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 Improvement of the river between the mouth and S. Doc. 23, 42d Cong., 2d sess., Weldon. and Annual Report, 1872, p. 726. July 3, 1930 Entrance channel 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide-...... H. Doc. 211, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' June 20, 1938 Present project dimensions...-------..................-------------- H. Doc. 694, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 8 wharves at Plymouth. One mile farther upstream there is a large wharf and bulkhead, a transit shed, and crane runway for handling woodpulp and pulp materials. Between that point and Hamilton there are 10 wharves. Between Hamilton and Halifax there are 13 log landings. These facilities appear to be adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of clearing and snagging with Government plant and hired labor, condition and operation studies, and inspections and reports. Between October 15 and December 3, 1953, the U.S. derrickboat Northeast with hired labor removed obstructions from the channel and banks between the mouth of the river and 79 miles upstream. The costs were $8,045. Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports cost $925. Total costs were $8,970 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project has been completed to the practicable limit. Dredging to obtain the present project dimensions from the mouth to Palmyra was commenced in September 1940 and completed in August 1941. As it is im- practicable to obtain and maintain the project above Palmyra by RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DISTRICT 303 dredging, snagging, and regulation, the percentage of completion is uncertain. At the close of the fiscal year the limiting depths at local mean low water were as follows: Between Albemarle Sound and 1 mile above Plymouth, 10.1 feet; thence to Hamilton, 7.6 feet; thence to Palmyra, 2.4 feet; and thence to Weldon, 1 foot. The work remaining to be done consists of completing by dredg- ing, snagging, and regulation, a channel between Palmyra and Weldon to a depth of 5 feet and minimum width of 50 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $404,- 584 for new work and $244,163 for maintenance, a total of $648,747. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950- 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -----.------------- ------ $404, 584 Cost----------- -------------------------------- ------------ ----------- 404, 584 Maintenance: Appropriated $283 ------------------------ $750 $9, 000 244, 769 Cost.... 283 - - 174 8,970 244,163 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- - ...................... ated for completion of existing project ................ ............... $234, 400 3. MANTEO (SHALLOWBAG) BAY, N. C. Location. Manteo Bay, or Shallowbag Bay, a natural indenta- tion of the shoreline, is on the northeastern side of Roanoke Island, N. C. Oregon Inlet, the northernmost existing inlet in the barrier beach, is southeast of Roanoke Island, 13 miles southeast of Manteo. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1229.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the Atlantic Ocean over the bar and through Oregon Inlet, thence 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide via Old House Channel to that depth in Pamlico Sound; a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Oregon Inlet to and including a turning basin 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 600 feet long at Manteo; a side channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Manteo-Ore- gon Inlet Channel in Roanoke Sound to the wharves in Mill Creek near Wanchese, including a turning basin 200 feet square; and a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide connecting the Manteo-Ore- gon Inlet Channel near the mouth of Manteo Bay with water of that depth in the north end of Roanoke Sound. The total length of channels included in the project is about 25 miles. The varia- tions of the water surface are due to winds and seldom exceed 2 feet above or below mean stage. The extreme range of wind tides, determined by 1 year's gage readings at Manteo, is 5.1 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,168,200. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $122,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 304 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide fromRoanoke H. Doc. 906, 60th Cong., 1st sess.' Sound to Manteo. Oct. 17,1940 Connecting channel of same dimensions to Oregon H. Doc. 313, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' Inlet. May 17, 1950 Channel 14 feet deep, 400 feet wide, from Atlantic H. Doc. 310, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' Ocean through Oregon Inlet, thence 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, via Old House Channel to Pamlico Sound; channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, from Oregon Inlet to and including turning basin 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, 600 feet long, at Manteo; side channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, from Manteo- Oregon Inlet Channel to and including 200-foot- square turning basin in Mill Creek near Wanchese. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Complied with, except as follows: Condi- tions in House Document 310, 81st Congress, 1st session, which require that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as re- quired; remove existing structures from the rights-of-way; con- tinue the maintenance of the public landing in Mill Creek; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construc- tion and maintenance of the project. Local interests appear will- ing and able to meet the local cooperation requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 12 timber wharves on the im- proved portion of Manteo Harbor, with a total frontage of approxi- mately 1,100 feet, which are privately owned. Mill Creek has 7 timber wharves with a total berthing space of 600 feet, of which 6 are privately owned; the other is owned and operated by Dare County, N. C. The existing facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs for 19,461 cubic yards of material dredged from shoals in channel between Manteo and Oregon Inlet during fiscal year 1953, but which were not in- cluded in 1953 fiscal year annual report, amounted to $7,438. Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports cost $67. The total costs were $7,505 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 14 percent completed. The 6-foot channel from Roanoke Sound to Manteo was dredged during August and September 1911. The channel to Oregon Inlet was commenced in August 1941 and com- pleted in November 1941. No work has been done on the 14-foot channel from the Atlantic Ocean over the bar and through Oregon Inlet, nor the 12-foot channels from Oregon Inlet to Manteo, Pam- lico Sound, and Mill Creek. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth in the channel to Manteo and to Oregon Inlet was 5.5 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $63,384 for new work and $167,403 for mainte- nance, a total of $230,787. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DISTRICT 305 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ..------------- ------------------------------------------------ $63, 384 Cost-__ ---------------------------------------------------------- 63, 384 Maintenance: Appropriated $3, 500 -----------------------... $35, 000 -$1, 065 168, 392 Cost----------------- 3, 420 $80 . 25, 441 ...------------ 7, 505 167, 403 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project..._................................................ $1,109,600 4. CHANNEL FROM PAMLICO SOUND TO AVON, N. C. Location. The village of Avon is on the narrow barrier beach between Pamlico Sound and the Atlantic Ocean, 9 miles north of Cape Hatteras. West of the village the sound is 25 miles wide. About 4 miles offshore in the sound, a shoal or bar parallels the beach from Hatteras Inlet, 15 miles southwest of Avon, to Oregon Inlet, 30 miles north of Avon. Cape Channel, a natural opening in the bar 6 miles southwest of Avon, has a controlling depth of 6 feet; from that opening a depth of 5 feet is available to Black Hammock Channel, a basin with depths of over 10 feet, 1,500 feet from the shore line at Avon. Shoreward of the basin the water is very shallow. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1232.) Existing project. This provides for a channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide, with a basin at the shore end, same depth, 100 feet wide and 300 feet long. Lunar tides are imperceptible. Normal variations in the water surface due to wind action seldom exceed 1 foot, but may be as much as 5 feet during severe storms. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the completed project was $28,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 316, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two wharves in the basin at Avon, with a total frontage of about 150 feet. The existing facili- ties are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of preparation of plans and specifications for maintenance dredg- ing. The costs were $411 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in September 1946 and completed in October 1946. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth to Avon was 6 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $28,000 for new work, and $748 for maintenance, a total of $28,748. 306 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to1950 New work: Appropriated .....--------.----- ------------.------------ ------------ ------------ $28, 000 Cost__---------- ------------------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ 28, 000 Maintenance: ........ ------------------------ Appropriated---- ------------ $337 $6, 300 6, 637 ------------.. Cost------------ -----------------------.......... 337 411 748 5. MOREHEAD CITY HARBOR, N. C. Location. This harbor is on the northern shore of Bogue Sound, adjacent to Beaufort Harbor and Inlet. New Bern, N. C., the nearest city of importance, is about 43 miles by inland water- ways to the north and west. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 420.) Previous project. The channel across the ocean bar was for- merly improved under the title of Beaufort Inlet, N. C. The project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 (H. Doc. 563, 58th Cong., 2d sess.). For further details, see page 470 of Annual Report for 1935. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the ocean bar at Beaufort Inlet, thence same depth and 300 feet wide to the marine terminals at Morehead City, enlarged to 600 feet to form a turning basin at that point, and for construction of jetties at the inlet; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the 30-foot channel to 6th Street, Morehead City, thence same depth and 200 to 400 feet wide to 10th Street, thence 6 feet deep and 75 feet wide to deep water in Bogue Sound. The average rise of the tide is about 2 feet at Morehead City and 31/2 feet at the inlet. Observations made in 1907 showed an ex- treme range of 4.8 feet. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $3,770,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $230,- 000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts. Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 Channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the wharves H. Doc. 649, 61st Cong., 2d sess. at Morehead City, thence 200 feet wide in front of the wharves. July 3, 1930 Channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the outer H. Doc. 105, 70th Cong., 1st sess. harbor to 6th St. in Morehead City, thence 200 to (Contains the latest published 400 feet wide to 10th St., and a channel 6 feet deep map.) and 75 feet wide connecting with Bogue Sound. Aug. 26, 19371 Channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the bar Senate Committee Print, 74th at Beaufort Inlet, thence 30 feet deep and 300 feet Cong., 1st sess. wide to the marine terminals at Morehead City. 1 Included in PublicWorks Administration program, July 5, 1934, under the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933. RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DISTRICT 307 Local cooperation. The project provides that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, spoil-disposal areas as required for new work and for future maintenance and all other lands needed for the improvement, and to the further condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that an adequate terminal open to the public on uniform terms will be available by the time the channel is completed. Terminals have been completed and spoil-disposal areas for new work fur- nished. Lands needed in connection with the construction of jet- ties have not been furnished. Terminal facilities. There are 26 wharves along the main wa- terfront of the town, with a total frontage of about 1,250 feet. The marine terminals provide 2,731 feet of berthing space with a depth alongside of 27 feet at mean low water, and facilities for transfer of cargoes between rail and water carriers. The existing facilities are considered adequate for existing and prospective com- merce. For further details, see Port Series No. 12, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging with United States plant and hired labor, repairs and replacement of dredging ranges, and condition and operation studies. Between February 6 and June 30, 1954, the U.S. hopper dredges Gerig, Lyman, and Hyde on maintenance dredging removed 797,- 083 cubic yards from shoals in the ocean-bar channel and the outer end of the 30-foot channel at a cost of $216,403. Repairs and replacement of dredging ranges during the fiscal year cost $978. Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports cost $6,312. The total costs were $223,693 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 38 percent completed. The part of the existing project providing for a 12-foot channel to Morehead City; thence a 6-foot channel westward to Bogue Sound was commenced in February 1931 and completed in March 1931; the part providing for the 30-foot chan- nel to the terminals was commenced in November 1935 and com- pleted in August 1936. No work has been done on the jetties proposed for Beaufort Inlet. At the close of the fiscal year a depth of 30.0 feet was available in the ocean-bar channel; 29.8 feet in the 30-foot channel (inside) to the terminals at Morehead City; 10.8 feet from deep water in the outer harbor to the foot of Tenth Street, Morehead City, and thence 3.9 feet westward to Bogue Sound. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $2,634,525, of which $613,106, including $59,630 regular funds and $553,476 Public Works funds, was for new work and $2,021,419 for maintenance. 308 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------ ----------------------- ------------ $657, 591 Cost....-------- ------------ ------------ ----------------------- ------- 657, 591 Maintenance: Appropriated------_. $145, 000 $131, 700 $194, 000 $102, 350 $291, 582 2, 375, 665 Cost... ---------------- 184, 854 131, 196 116, 439 178, 616 2223, 693 2, 305, 977 1 Includes $44,484 for new work and $284,557 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Minus $402, pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-...-.-..-.................................... $3 ,156 ,900 6. CAPE FEAR RIVER, N. C., ABOVE WILMINGTON Location. This river is formed by the confluence of the Deep and Haw Rivers at Moncure, Chatham County, N. C. Flowing southeasterly, it empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Cape Fear, near the southern extremity of the state. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 426.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of March 3, 1881, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1805 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 535 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a dredged channel from Wilmington to Navassa (4 miles), 25 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide with a cutoff across Horseshoe Bend and a turning basin 550 feet long and 400 feet in average width at its head; and for a navigable depth of 8 feet at low water from Navassa to the head of navigation at Fayetteville, 115 miles above Wilmington, by constructing three locks and dams and by dredging river shoals between Navassa and Fayetteville. Data regarding locks and dams are as follows: Distance Distance Maximum Lock and dam Location from Wil- above available Lift mington mouth dimensions Miles Miles Feet Feet No. 1..------------------ King Bluff---------------- 39 69 200 by 40 11 No. 2 ----------------------- Browns Landing .-------- 71 101 200 by 40 9 No. 3 .--------------------- Tolars Landing_ -- 95 125 300 by 40 9 Available depth on miter sills Character Year of Lock and dam at low of founda- Kind of Type of construction comple- Actual cost Water tion dam tion Feet No. 1------------- 9 Sand ._.__. Fixed-.... Concrete lock, timber crib 1916 1$565, 856 dam, rock filled. No. 2 ..-------------12 . do-....... do-....... Concrete lock, dam rock 1917 2 909, 633 filled. No. 3------------ 9 -__ do-....... do-._..... Concrete lock, concrete 1935 660, 930 dam. 1 Includes $96,184 for increasing lift. 2 Includes $356,443 for reconstruction and repairs. The tide ranges from 3.4 feet at Wilmington to 1 foot at Lock No. 1, Kings Bluff, N. C., 39 miles above. The extreme range of RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DISTRICT 309 lunar tides is 6.4 feet at Wilmington and 1.5 feet at Kings Bluff. The maximum variation due to floods ranges from 70 feet at Fay- etteville to 5 feet at Wilmington. The cost to the Federal Government for new work for the com- pleted project was $2,339,798. The latest (1954) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $105,000, including $45,000 for operation and care of locks and dams. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 The 8-foot channel and construction of 2 locks and H. Doc. 890, 60th Cong., 1st sess. dams. July 3,1930 Channel 22 feet deep to Navassa. (No work was done Rivers and Harbors Committee on this project.) Do. 39, 71st Cong., 2d sess. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. s Aug.30, 19352 Construction of Lock and Dam No. 3 and repairs H. Doc. 786, 71st Cong., 3d sess. and alterations to Locks and Dams Nos. 1 and 2. Aug. 26,1937 Present project dimensions from Wilmington to Rivers and Harbors Committee 5 Navassa with cut-off across Horseshoe Bend, and Doc. 17, 75th Cong., 1st sess. a turning basin. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 27, 1933. S Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are six wharves between Wilming- ton and Fayetteville, including the public terminal at that point. They have a total frontage of about 700 feet. The terminals ap- pear to be adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging with leased plant, clearing and snagging with Government plant and hired labor, condition and operation studies, inspections and reports, construction of guard and guide walls at locks and dams 1 and 2, and operation and maintenance of three locks and dams. Between August 10 and September 12, 1953, the leased dredge Marion on maintenance dredging removed 78,778 cubic yards from shoals in the 8-foot channel to Fayetteville at a cost of $29,119. Between February 10 and June 17, 1954, the U.S. derrickboat Northeast with hired labor removed obstructions from the chan- nel and banks in the 8-foot channel to Fayetteville at a cost of $15,811. Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports cost $2,477. Between December 1, 1953, and June 30, 1954, guard and guide walls at lock and dam 1 were 90 percent completed by contract at a cost of $145,068. Between March 8, 1954, and June 30, 1954, guard and guide walls at lock and dam 2 were 91 percent completed by contract at a cost of $160,719. The three locks and dams were operated and maintained at a cost of $38,023. The total costs were $391,217 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- 310 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 pleted. The construction of locks and dams 1 and 2, and dredging of river shoals, were commenced in August 1912 and completed in July 1917. The construction of lock and dam 3 and repairs and alterations to locks and dams 1 and 2 were commenced in January 1934 and completed in July 1935. The dredging of the 25-foot channel to Navassa was commenced in November 1938 and com- pleted in January 1939. The controlling depths are 22 feet from Wilmington to Navassa, 4 miles; thence 18 feet to 9 miles above Wilmington; thence 7.0 feet to Fayetteville, 115 miles above Wil- mington. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $4,362,473 of which $2,339,798 (including $1,104,391 Public Works funds) was for new work, $1,224,999 for mainte- nance, and $797,676 for operating and care. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- Ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ---- -------- ---------------------------------------------- $2, 488, 917 Cost....----------------- ------------- ------------ ----------------------- 2, 488, 917 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $152, 400 $68, 098 $95, 000 $235,051 $222, 000 2, 061, 223 Cost- -----.... ----- - 130, 221 85, 351 50, 495 89, 626 391, 217 2, 030, 853 1Includes $149,119 for new work and $8,178 for maintenance for previous projects. 7. WILMINGTON HARBOR, N. C. Location. Wilmington Harbor, N. C., consists of a dredged ship channel from the ocean across the entrance bar and up the Cape Fear River to the mouth of Northeast (Cape Fear) River, thence 2.75 miles up the latter to a turning basin at the upstream end. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 426.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829; July 22, 1854; July 11, 1870; March 3, 1873; June 23, 1874; September 19, 1890; June 13, 1902; and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1804 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 533 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the 35-foot contour in the Atlantic Ocean through the ocean-bar channel, thence 34 feet deep and 400 feet wide to the upper end of the anchorage basin (foot of Castle St.) at Wilmington, thence 32 feet deep and 400 feet wide to Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River, with increased widths at bends; for an anchorage basin at Wilmington 34 feet deep, 2,000 feet long, 900 feet wide at the upper end, 1,100 feet wide at the lower end, with approaches 1,500 feet long at the upper end and 4,500 feet long at the lower end with some widening of the transi- tion channel at the downstream end; for a turning basin opposite the principal terminals at Wilmington, 32 feet deep, 1,000 feet long, 800 feet wide, with suitable approaches at each end; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the Cape Fear River, from a point near the eastern entrance of the Intracoastal Water- way to a connection with the main river channel at a point about 3 miles above; and for a channel 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, from Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River to a turning RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DISTRICT 311 basin of the same depth, 600 feet wide, 11/4 miles above. The plane of reference is mean low water. The length of the deep-draft sec- tion under improvement is about 311/4 miles, the upper limit being 11/4 miles above Hilton Bridge over Northeast (Cape Fear) River. The average rise of tide is 4.7 feet at the ocean bar, 3.6 feet at Keg Island, and 3.4 feet at Wilmington. The extreme range of tides is about 8.5 feet at the ocean bar, 7.3 feet at Orton Cove, and 6.4 feet at Wilmington. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $6,710,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500,- 000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Channel 26 feet deep and 400 feet wide across the bar, H. Doc. 287, 62d Cong., 2d sess. thence same depth and 300 feet wide, increased at bends, to Wilmington. Mar. 2,1919 Channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide, across the H. Doc. 746, 65th Cong., 2d sess. ocean bar. (No work was done on this project.) Sept. 22, 1922 A new channel across the ocean bar 30 feet deep and H. Doc. 94, 67th Cong., 1st sess. 400 feet wide from Baldhead Point. July 3, 1930 A 30-foot project to Hilton Bridge atWilmington, and Rivers and Harbors Committee a turning basin. Doc. 39, 71st Cong., 2d sess. 1 Mar. 2,1945 Increase channel widths from 300 to 400 feet, turning H. Doc. 131, 76th Cong., 1st sess. basin from 600 to 800 feet, and a channel 12 feet deep, 100 feet wide, from Inland Waterway to river channels. 1 Do....... Increase length of southerly approach to anchorage S. Doc. 83, 76th Cong., 1st sess. basin from 1,500 to 4,500 feet, and increase depth of channel from outer end of ocean bar to Wilming- ton, including turning basin, from 30 to 32 feet. Do....... Channel 25 feet deep, 200 feet wide, from Hilton S. Doc. 170, 76th Cong., 3d sess.? Bridge, Northeast (Cape Fear) River, to a turning basin, same depth, 11 miles above. May 17, 1950 Increase depth to 35 feet over ocean bar, thence 34 H. Doc. 87, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' feet to upper end of anchorage basin, including anchorage basin, and with some widening of the transition channel at the anchorage basin. 1 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, provided that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil-disposal areas necessary for construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent main- tenance of the project. Local interests appear willing and able to fulfill the local cooperation requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 49 wharves of all classes at Wil- mington, with a combined berthing space of 15,698 linear feet, and depths of water alongside from 10 to 30 feet at mean low water. Below Wilmington there are 27 wharves, which are con- sidered adequate for present needs. For further details, see Port Series No. 12, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work consisted of maintenance dredging by contract, repairs to dredging ranges with Government plant and hired labor, condition and operation studies, and inspections and reports. Between July 1 and 21, 1953, the contract dredge Pullen on 312 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 maintenance dredging removed 130,562 cubic yards from shoals in river channels at a cost of $30,960. Between October 12 and 27, 1953, the contract dredge Hampton Roads removed 121,173 cubic yards from shoals in front of the North Carolina State Ports Authority Terminal at a cost of $32,120. Between April 9 and June 30, 1954, the contract dredges Hamp- ton Roads and Pullen removed 548,248 cubic yards from shoals in the Anchorage Basin, Turning Basin, and river channels at a cost of $140,899. Between February 8 and 9, 1954, the U.S. derrickboat Northeast with hired labor made repairs to the Government-owned dredging ranges at a cost of $497. Condition and operation studies and inspection costs were $17,- 505. The total costs were $221,981 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 81 percent completed. Deepening and widening the river channel to 32 feet by 400 feet, enlarging and deepening the anchorage basin and southern approach thereto, and deepening the ocean- bar channel to 32 feet, were commenced in April 1947 and com- pleted to the foot of Castle Street at Wilmington in May 1949. Dredging the 25- by 200-foot channel and basin in Northeast (Cape Fear) River above Hilton Bridge was commenced in October 1948 and completed in November 1948. Dredging the 12- by 100-foot channel from the Intracoastal Waterway to the ship channel in the river was commenced in November 1948 and completed in December 1948. No work has been done on the 32-foot project. on that portion of the river channel above Castle Street, except increasing the width of the turning basin to 800 feet, 30 feet deep, and widening the east side of the river channel, in the vicinity of the turning basin, to the harbor line, to a depth of 30 feet. No work has been done on deepening the ocean-bar channel to 35 feet nor the river channel and anchorage basin to 34 feet. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depths were 31.1 feet in the ocean-bar channel, 30.8 feet in the river channel up to Castle Street in Wilmington, 30.0 feet to and in the turning basin, 25.0 feet to and in the turning basin in Northeast (Cape Fear) River, and 10.6 feet in the connecting channel with the Intracoastal Water- way. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $4,103,712 for new work and $7,361,114 for maintenance, a total of $11,464,825. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated--------........ -$8, 083 ...... -$8, ........ . ....- -------- 729, 326 Cost..---------- ---------- -------------------------------------------- 8, 729, 326 Maintenance: Appropriated----- _. 246, 000 $246, 000 $304, 000 $519, 824 $296, 820 8, 073, 944 Cost----....-------- 230, 654 270,484 303,415 504, 141 221,981 7, 963, 728 1Includes $4,625,614 for new work and $602,614 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project._.__._.. ..... .________. $2 ,606 ,300 RIVERS AND HARBORS-WILMINGTON, N.C., DISTRICT 313 8. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Bay River, N. C. __------------------------ 1950 $44, 382 9 $49, 627 (3) 2. Beaufort Harbor, N. C.------------------- 1953 322, 322 10o441, 050 $154, 700 3. 4 - C._------------------- Belhaven Harbor, N. - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1953 126, 687 2, 448 (3) 4. Black River, N. C. . . 1941 12, 358 36, 072 (S) 5. Cashie River, N. C-.... 1950 40, 403 1115,495 (3) 6. Channel connecting Thoroughfare Bay with 1950 9, 000 15, 549 30, 000 Cedar Bay, N. C. 7. Channel from Back Sound to Lookout Bight, 1953 24, 676 176, 126 105, 300 N. C. 8. Channel from Pamlico Sound to Rodanthe, 1950 ____ 45, 000 N. C. 9. Chowan River, N. C.................--------------------- 1950 _ 30, 000 10. Contentnea Creek, N. C.1 4 s 1941 64, 395 32, 247 (3) 11. Drum Inlet, N. C._______________________ 1953 52, 828 153, 813 (3) 12. Edenton Harbor, N. C.____________________ 1950 73, 750 2, 971 (3) 13. Far Creek, N. C. ___-- __- ___ __----___- 1953 34, 500 102, 873 179, 500 14. Fishing Creek, N. C.4 5_ ____ 1922 -________ 22, 715 8, 633 (3) 15. Harbor of Refuge, Cape Lookout, N. C.1 __ 1934 1, 368, 799 32, 854 9, 631, 200 16. Lockwoods Folly River, 1 N. C..........---- -- 1950 17, 818 13, 094 147, 200 17. Mackay Creek, N. C. --7 _____-- - _._.--. - - - 2 1938 13, 375 4, 773 (s) 18. Masonboro Inlet, N. C. .... ....__ .. 1948 1285, 631 (3) 19. Meherrin River, N. C........._...________- 1950 47, 734 49, 591 (S) 20. Neuse River, N. C.... 1 . .__.___ .___________ 1950 403, 066 i 288, 960 8 39, 900 21. Newbegun Creek, N. C. ' .4-_ ._____-- 4 - 2 -____ 1928 4, 802 247 (3) 22. Northeast (Cape Fear) River, N. C. 1950 10, 688 61, 139 (s) 23. Pamlico and Tar Rivers, N. C.------....... 1952 674, 651 1 532, 636 (s) 24. Pembroke Creek, N. C. ..............- 1950 ------------------------- - 15, 000 25 .P e rq uim a ns R iv e r, N . C .' . --. . --.. ... ... ... 2 19 1 0 13 , 7 5 0 - _ _ 15.. . - --- (3) 26. Rollinson Channel, N. C . .._-------------- 1953 20, 125 5123, 225 54, 900 27. Scuppernong River, N. C................._ 1950 81, 164 76, 847 (3) 28. Silver Lake Harbor, N. C. -_-------------- 1952 67, 241 1648, 216 (3) 29. Shallotte River, N. C. -_- 1950 18, 181 6, 468 (3) 30. Smiths Creek (Pamlico County), N. C.1____ 1950 14, 472 23, 780 (3) 31. Smiths Creek (Wilmington), N. C.-.------ 1950 8, 507 18 (3) 32. South River, N. C ...........----------------------- 1936 12, 452 1721, 624 (3) 33. Stumpy Point Bay,1 N. C................._ 1950 40, 583 18s122 (3) 34. Swift Creek, N. C. 4________ _____ 1940 1, 600 5, 422 (3) 35. 36. 37. Trent River, N. C._ Wallace Channel, Pamlico Sound, N. C. Waterway connecting Pamlico Sound and 7 ---- 1946 1949 1953 115, 199 45, 188 69, 787 35, 000 19159, 013 (S) 25, 200 130, 800 Beaufort Harbor, N. C. 38. Waterway connecting Swan Quarter Bay 1950 8, 551 10, 433 50, 500 with Deep Bay, N. C. 39. Waterway-Norfolk, Va., to Sounds of N. C. 2 1946- ___________--------_ (3) (Wilmington district)' 1 Channels adequate for commerce. 2 Report of Norfolk, Va., district. S Completed. 4No commerce reported in 1950-52. 5 Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 6 Abandonment of portion above Snow Hill recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 7 Snagging and clearing under section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. 8 Completed to practicable limit. 9 Expended for condition surveys during fiscal year 1953, $108. to Expended for condition surveys during fiscal year 1954, $148. 11Expended for condition surveys during fiscal years 1953 and 1954, $100. 12Expended for miscellaneous surveys during fiscal years 1949, 1950, and 1953, $7,352. is Expended for condition surveys during fiscal year 1953, $114. 14Expended for condition surveys during fiscal years 1953 and 1954, $283. 15Expended for condition surveys during fiscal year 1954, $464. 16Expended for condition surveys during fiscal years 1953 and 1954, $1,015. 17Expended for condition surveys during fiscal year 1953, $154. 18 Expended for condition surveys during fiscal year 1953. 19Expended for condition surveys during fiscal year 1954, $452. 314 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 9. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Goldsboro, Neuse River, N. C..... ..... ___. - 1950 $50, 430 7$560 (s) 2. New River, N. C.;1' __-___-__--1950 33, 896 (3) 3. Pasquotank River, N. C..-------------------........ 1952 $130, 000 4. Tar River, N. C. __------------------------- 1939 81, 266 -------------- (3) 5. Tar River and Tributaries, N. C.1 4----- - 1942 and 5 83, 584 -------------- (3) 1947 6. Trent River, N. C.1 _------------------------1953 6 49, 769 -------------- (') 7. White Oak Levees Cape Fear River (Bladen 1947 36, 460 (3) County), N. C. 1 Work accomplished under authority of section 2 of Flood Control Act of August 28, 1937, as amended. 2 Work accomplished under authority of section 5 of Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. 3 Completed. 4Includes Contentnea Creek. s In addition, $17,680 of Works Progress Administration funds were expended. 6 In addition, $15,000 of contributed funds were expended. 7 Expended for condition and operation studies during fiscal year 1954. 10. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. A total of $2,978 was expended for navigation studies during the fiscal year; the balance unex- pended June 30, 1954, $527, will be applied to continue work on these reports during the early part of the 1955 fiscal year. Flood control studies were made during the fiscal year at a cost of $657; the unexpended balance of $5 in this allocation will be expended during the 1955 fiscal year. An unexpended balance of $1,130 of Federal funds and an equal amount of contributed funds will be applied during the fiscal year to complete a Beach Erosion Cooperative Study. Total costs for examinations and surveys during the fiscal year were $3,635; the balance unexpended June 30, 1954, $1,662, will be expended during the fiscal year; no allotment is anticipated for fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. An allotment of $1,400 was made for these activities during the fiscal year. Various inspec- tions and observations were made of flood situations during the year at a cost of $450. The district Flood and Disaster Manual was revised and distributed at a cost of $950; total costs were $1,400. No funds remain from this allocation and no allotment is anticipated for 1955. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT* This district comprises all of South Carolina (except the local watersheds draining into the Savannah River), western-central North Carolina, and a very small portion of southwestern Vir- ginia. It embraces the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between Little River and Port Royal Sound, except the watersheds of Mackay and Skull Creeks, and excluding Hilton Head Island. It includes the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway in the same reach. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 7. Table of inactive navigation way between Norfolk, Va., projects .------------.............. --.............. 326 and the St. Johns River, Fla. (Charleston District)............. 315 2. Georgetown Harbor, S. C.....-.. 317 3. Charleston Harbor, S. C..----....... 319 Flood control 4. Ashley River, S. C..................... 322 5. Shipyard River, S. C................ 323 8. Table of inactive flood con- 6. Emergency channel work- trol projects............................ 326 Shem Creek, S. C....------.-.... 325 9. General investigations.---...---....-. 326 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (CHARLESTON DISTRICT) Location. This section of the waterway begins at Little River near the North and South Carolina State line, and extends gener- ally southerly along the coast of South Carolina to Winyah Bay, 62 miles; thence 63.5 miles to Charleston; thence 84.5 miles to and including Port Royal Sound; a total distance of 210 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 835, 836, 837, and 838.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 613, Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water and not less than 90 feet wide from Little River to and including Port Royal Sound, with a branch channel of the same dimensions to McClellanville, a total of 210 miles; for the construction of three bridges crossing the waterway in Horry County, S. C.; and for an anchorage basin 125 feet wide, 335 feet long, and 12 feet deep near Myrtle IBeach, S. C. The mean range of tide at Little River is 5 feet; Winyah Bay, at Georgetown, 3.3 feet; at Charleston, 5.1 feet; and at Port Royal Sound, 7.2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $7,363,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $207,600. 315 316 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports I I Sept. 19, 1890 Channel from Minim Creek to Winyah Bay....... Annual Report, 1889, p. 1184. June 13, 1902 Channel from Charleston to a point opposite Mc- H. Doc. 84, 56th Cong., 1st sess., Clellanville. and Annual Report, 1900, p. 1908. Mar. 2, 1907 Branch channel to McClellanville .................. Annual Report, 1903, p. 1133. Mar. 2, 1919 Extending the channel to Minim Creek, thence H. Doc. 178, 63d Cong., 1st sess. through the Estherville-Minim Creek Canal to Winyah Bay. Mar. 3, 1925 Cut across the Santee Delta at Four Mile Creek .... H. Doc. 237, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Do ..... Widening and deepening the waterway from Charles- S. Doc. 178, 68th Cong., 2d sess. ton to Beaufort. July 3, 1930 A waterway 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from Cape H. Doc. 41, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Fear River to Winyah Bay. Aug. 30, 19351 Construction of bridges across the waterway in Rivers and Harbors Committee Horry County, S. C. Doc. 14, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Cutoff between Ashepoo and Coosaw Rivers ........ H. Doc. 129, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Do'...... Enlarging the channel from Winyah Bay to Charles- Rivers and Harbors Committee ton, including the branch channel to McClellan- Doc. 11, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ville, to depth of 10 feet and bottom width of 90 feet. Aug. 26, 1937 Increasing dimensions of waterway to 12 feet deep Rivers and Harbors Committee 5 and 90 feet wide. Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Anchorage basin 125 feet wide, 335 feet long, 12 feet H. Doc. 327, 76th Cong., 1st sess. deep, near Myrtle Beach, S. C. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Included in Emergency Relief Administration program May 28, 1935. 3 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for conditions in House Document 327, 76th Congress, 1st session, which require that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, as and when required, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent main- tenance; and give assurances, satisfactory to the Secretary of War, that they will provide and maintain suitable mooring piles, walkways, and road connections open to the public without cost, and will provide and operate servicing facilities for recreational craft, open to all on equal and reasonable terms, all as may be required by the Secretary of War. Terminal facilities. There are rail-water terminals at George- town, Charleston, Yonges Island, and Port Royal, and numerous open-pile wharves mostly for shipping agricultural products, fish, oysters, and pulpwood. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Northwood, by contract, restored project dimensions at 9 shoals in a 20 mile reach between Little River and Winyah iBay, S. C., during September and November 1953, removing 78,233 cubic yards of material at a cost of $46,799. The pipeline dredge Cherokee, by contract, restored project dimensions at 8 shoals in a 49.2 mile reach between Winyah Bay and Charleston, S. C., during December 1953 and January 1954, removing 260,444 cubic yards of material at a cost of $58,990. The pipeline dredge Hampton Roads, by contract, restored project di- mensions at 5 shoals in a 17 mile reach between Charleston and Port Royal Sound, S. C., during March 1954, removing 133,303 cubic yards of material at a cost of $34,812. The cost of surveys and supervision was $15,234. The total RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S.C., DISTRICT 317 cost for the year was $155,835 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 99 percent completed. That portion of the existing project pro- viding for a channel 12 feet deep and 90 feet wide was completed in 1940; the work remaining consisted of providing an anchorage basin 125 feet wide, 335 feet long, and 12 feet deep near Myrtle Beach, S. C. Surveys during June 1954 showed a controlling centerline depth of 10 feet at mean low water between mile 342 at Little River, S. C., and mile 377, at Bucksport, S. C., in the Little River to Winyah Bay section; thence 10 feet at mean low water between mile 411 at the Winyah Bay end of the Estherville-Minim Creek Canal and mile 464 at Charleston Harbor, in the Winyah Bay to Charleston section; thence 10 feet at local mean low water between miles 470 and 552 in the Charleston to Port Royal Sound section. Surveys during June 1954 showed a controlling depth of 5.7 feet in the branch channel to McClellanville, S. C. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year for new work have been $4,011,951 from regular funds, $3,259,- 294 from public works funds, and $74,643 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $7,345,888. The costs to the end of fiscal year for maintenance have been $4,863,471 from regular funds, $13,308 from public works funds and $54,916 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $4,931,695. The total cost for all work has been $12,277,583. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19541, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ........-------------------- _ ---------.-------------------. ------ --- $7, 455, 378 Cost_ ------------------ -------------- ------------------------ 4---------. 7, 455, 378 Maintenance: Appropriated. _ $133, 646 $50, 543 $185, 195 $4, 473 $165, 161 5, 010, 444 Cost -- 295,541 .53, 455 178,142 11,771 155,723 25, 001, 006 1 Includes $109,490 for new work and $69,422 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $111 cost in excess of prepayments. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project _... ...... $...... . ...................... $17,100 2. GEORGETOWN HARBOR, S. C. Location. On the coast of South Carolina, 50 miles northeast of Charleston Harbor and 90 miles southwest of the entrance to Cape Fear River, N. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 787.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 2, 1882; August 5, 1886; and June 25, 1910. For further de- tails see page 1806 of Annual Report for 1915, page 549 of Annual Report for 1938, and page 442 of Annual Report for 1944. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep from that depth in the Atlantic Ocean to and including a turning basin in Sampit River, 600 feet wide across the outer bar and in the gorge and 400 feet wide thence to a turning basin at the head of the project via a cutoff across the peninsula in Sampit River, with a side channel 2,400 feet long and not less than 250 feet wide 318 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 leading to a turning basin at the upper end of the built-up portion of the city waterfront, widened at the bends, to be secured and maintained by two jetties of stone on brush mattresses, springing respectively from North and South Islands, the north jetty having a length of 11,139 and the south jetty 21,051 feet. The project also provides for the continued maintenance to a depth of 18 feet for a width of 400 feet of the bypassed portion of Sampit River opposite the city of Georgetown. The cost to the Federal Government for new work in complet- ing the existing project was $4,615,904. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $326,000. The mean range of tide at Georgetown is 3.3 feet; spring tides have a mean range of 3.9 feet. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Jetties and earthen dike to protect south jetty- .. .. H. Ex. Doc. 258, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1885, pp. 1154-1170, and H. Ex. Doc. 117, 50th Cong., 2d sess., and An- nual Report, 1889, pp. 1110-1115. June 25, 1910 Previous project channel dimensions and training H. Doc. 398, 58th Cong., 2d sess., wall. and Annual Report, 1904, pp. 1591-1609. Mar. 2,1945 27-foot channel from ocean, including a turning H. Doc. 211, 76th Cong., 1st sess. basin in Sampit River. (Contains latest published map.) June 30, 1948 Cutoff and side channel in Sampit River....------------S. Doc. 21, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at the port of Georgetown served by this improvement consist of four wharves of ordinary timber construction, one of creosoted timber construc- tion, suitable for oceangoing vessels, and a number of smaller wharves and landing places. These are considered adequate for the present commerce of the port. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Barlow, by contract, during January and February 1954, per- formed maintenance dredging to project depth for 300-foot width in a 1.3 mile reach in Upper Winyah Bay channel and in Sampit River from its mouth by the cutoff to the head of the project, in- cluding a turning basin and widening a bend, removing 1,099,435 cubic yards of material at a cost of $200,592. The cost of surveys and supervision was $4,722. The total cost during the year was $205,314. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in July 1951. The jetties were completed in 1903-4. The crest elevations range from 8 to -- 4 feet and are as much as 12 feet below their original height. Dikes of various forms have been built to protect the South Island beach and the shore end of the south jetty. An earth dike 4,100 feet long has been con- structed east of the eastern channel, largely from original channel excavation, to assist in maintaining the channel. The Sampit River entrance is protected on the east side by a timber and brush training wall 2,000 feet long. Surveys in June 1954 showed a controlling depth of 25.3 feet at RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S.C., DISTRICT 319 mean low water for 600-foot width from the ocean to the Gorge Channel, thence 27 feet for 300-foot width through the Gorge and eastern channel, thence a controlling depth of 25 feet for 300-foot width to the head of the project via Sampit River cutoff. The side channel and turning basin have a controlling depth of 7 feet. Centerline surveys made in May 1954 showed a controlling depth of 8.5 feet in the bypassed portion of Sampit River. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year have been $4,615,904 for new work and $3,297,119 for mainte- nance, a total of $7,913,023. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 15 ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated...-------- $400, 000 $480, 000 -..-..... -------.- ............ $7, 061, 755 Cost....---------------- 578, 685 361, 337 $15, 013 --------------------- 7, 061, 755 Maintenance: Appropriated- ----.. 323, 997 366, 443 781, 898 $192, 077 $207, 649 3, 415, 508 Cost...........---------------- 319,056 370, 467 606, 475 370, 254 205, 299 23,411, 661 1 Includes $2,445,852 for new work and $114,556 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $15 cost in excess of prepayments. 3. CHARLESTON HARBOR, S. C. Location. On the coast of South Carolina, about 15 miles southerly of the midpoint of the coastline, 50 miles southwest of Winyah Bay, S. C., and 80 miles northeast of the mouth of the Savannah River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1239 and 470.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of Au- gust 30, 1852; June 18, 1878; August 11, 1888; March 3, 1899; June 25, 1910; August 8, 1917; and July 18,1918. For further details, see page 1808, Annual Report for 1915; page 579, Annual Report for 1926; page 562, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for commercial purposes a channel 35 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide from the sea to the inner end of the jetties, thence 600 feet wide to Town Creek, thence 500 feet wide through Town Creek, thence 600 feet wide to the navy yard, and thence 400 feet wide to Goose Creek, with a turning basin 700 feet wide at the port terminals, together with a channel 30 feet deep, 600 feet wide in Cooper River around the east and north sides of Drum Island; also an anchorage area 30 feet deep in the water area between Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrie; also a channel in Shem Creek 10 feet deep and 110 feet wide from a flared entrance from Hog Island channel to and including a turn- ing basin 130 feet wide and 400 feet long with the upper end 250 feet upstream of the Mount Pleasant public wharf. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $4,520,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $668,400. The existing project includes the maintenance of two entrance jetties completed in 1895 under previous projects. These jetties Sig 11-319-350 320 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 are of stone on log-mattress foundation, the north jetty 15,443 feet long and the south jetty 19,104 feet long; the distance be- tween their axes at the outer end is 2,900 feet. The height as originally built, except the submerged inner portions and the gap left in the south jetty, was 12 feet above mean low water for the greater part of their length. The project also provides for a 40-foot channel 1,000 feet wide from the sea to the inner ends of the jetties, described above, thence 600 feet wide to the south pier at the navy yard, and thence 1,000 feet wide to the commandant's wharf, at an estimated first cost of $3,603,000 and $250,000 annually for maintenance, both figures being additional to the estimates for the commercial proj- ect given above, and that it be considered as a national defense rather than a commercial measure and be prosecuted only as found necessary in the interest of national defense. The mean tidal range is 5.2 feet, though this is increased to 7 or 8 feet under the influence of northeast winds or prolonged storms. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 18, 1878 2 jetties' . __ __... _._. _ _.--____ Annual Report, 1878, pp. 553-572. Aug. 8, 1917 Increase in depth to 30 feet with width of 500 feet be- H. Doc. 288, 62d Cong., 2d sess. tween the jetties and 1,000 feet seaward thereof. July 18, 1918 The 40-foot channel to the navy yard. (Act provided H. Doc. 1946, 64th Cong., 2d sess., that the 40-foot channel should not be undertaken pt. 1, pp. 21-29, 57, 58, and 61-63. "until the proposed new drydocks at this navy yard, carrying a depth of 40 feet of water over the blocks, has been authorized." This dock was authorized in the Naval Appropriation Act ap- proved July 1, 1918 (40 Stat. L. 725).) Jan. 21, 1927 Present project dimensions of the channels for com- H. Doc. 249, 69th Cong., 1st sess. mercial purposes, and for the present project widths (Contains latest published maps.) of the 40-foot channel which was authorized as a national-defense measure. Oct. 17, 1940 The 35-foot channel depth from the sea to the head H. Doc. 259, 76th Cong., 1st sess. of the project via Cooper River and Town Creek, also a channel in Shem Creek to Mount Pleasant, 110 feet wide and 10 feet deep, including a turning basin at the upper end. Mar. 2, 1945 An anchorage area 30 feet deep in the water area be- H. I)oc. 156, 77th Cong., 1st sess. tween Castle Pinckney and Fort Moultrie. 1 Completed under previous projects. Recommended modifications of project. In June 1954, the Chief of Engineers recommended further modification of the project to provide for deepening the existing 30-foot channel around the north and east side of Drum Island to 35-foot depth at an esti- mated cost of $200,000. Local cooperation. This project authorized in the River and Harbor Act of October 17, 1940 (H. Doc. 259, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), is subject to the requirements that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil disposal areas as and when required for initial work and for subsequent mainte- nance. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Piers and slips extend for about 1 mile along the eastern waterfront of the city of Charleston, and an additional mile is covered by marginal wharves. The South Carolina State Ports Authority operates the terminal at Columbus RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 321 Street, large piers near Market Street, and operates the beltline railway serving all wharves and warehouses, and connecting with trunklines entering the city. Modern facilities are also at the Southern Railway coal pier and the wharves of the Standard Oil Co., the Charleston Shipyards, Inc., the Seaboard Air Line Rail- road, the Southern Railway Co., the Concentration Warehouse and Compress Co., and the Charleston Tidewater Terminals, Inc. On Cooper River above the navy yard a compress and warehouse company has a marginal wharf 750 feet long; the Texas Corp., the Sinclair Refining Co., and the Cooper River Terminals, Inc., main- tain piers at their properties; and the South Carolina State Ports Authority operates a large terminal capable of berthing four cargo vessels. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For further details, see Port Series No. 13, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Admiral, by contract, performed maintenance dredging during May and June 1954 in the inner harbor as follows: 34-foot depth for project width at shoals 6A and Town Creek Channel; 34-foot depth for 400-foot width at shoals 5A and 6, Cooper River Chan- nel north of Drum Island; and 30-foot depth for 600-foot width at shoal 6 in Cooper River Channel east and north of Drum Island, including widening at bends, removing 1,190,935 cubic yards of material at a cost of $311,312. The U.S. hopper dredge Gerig and hired labor, during January and February 1954, performed main- tenance dredging in the entrance channel to project depth for 800-foot width in a reach extending from the 35-foot contour in the ocean to South Channel; thence project depth for 600-foot width at shoal 7 in Cooper River and South Channel; and 30-foot depth for project width at shoal 6C in Cooper River east of Drum Island, removing 1,058,217 cubic yards of material at a cost of $138,054. The pipeline dredge Cherokee, by contract restored project dimension in Shem Creek during May 1954, removing 28,936 cubic yards of material at a cost of $9,365. Diking of spoil areas on Daniel Island was completed during November 1953, a total of 17,476 lineal feet of dike and 3,214 lineal feet of drain- age ditch was completed at a cost of $40,542. Diking of the spoil area on the north end of Drum Island was completed during January to June 1954, a total of 12,289 lineal feet of dike was built at a cost of $24,448. Diking of the spoil area on the south end of Drum Island was started May 25, 1954, and at the end of the fiscal year 2,450 lineal feet of dike had been built at a cost of $2,909. Several supplementary tests of improvements plans were un- dertaken in the model of Charleston Harbor at the U. S. Water- ways Experiment Station. All field and laboratory work was completed, and work was undertaken on the preparation of a final report on the comprehensive investigations. Costs in connection with the model and prototype studies were $52,722. The cost of surveys and supervision was $12,447. The total cost for the year was $591,702, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The jetties protecting the Entrance Channel across the bar were completed in 1895. The jetties are described in the "Existing Project." The existing proj- 322 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ect was completed during May 1949, except for the anchorage area 30 feet deep in the water area between Castle Pickney and Fort Moultrie. Surveys during the latter part of the fiscal year in the En- trance, South and Cooper River Channels showed a controlling depth of 35 feet for 800-foot width from the 35-foot contour in the ocean to South Channel; thence 35-foot depth for 400-foot width to the head of the project, except at shoal 6 C in Cooper River north and east of Drum Island where the controlling depth is 29.2 feet for 700-foot width. An after dredging survey made in Shem Creek during May 1954 showed a controlling depth of 10 feet for 90-foot width. The cost of the existing project has been $1,857,964 from regu- lar funds and $57,813 from public works funds, a total of $1,915,- 777 for new work, and $6,640,550 from regular funds and $56,087 from public works funds, a total of $6,696,637 for maintenance; a grand total of $8,612,414, exclusive of $600 contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 195012 New work: Appropriated ... ..... ----------- ------------------------ ------------ ------------ $8, 502, 233 Cost ....--....----------.. ------- ..... ---------------------------------- ------------ 8, 502, 233 Maintenance: Appropriated- _----_. $759, 826 $667, 872 $609, 394 $531, 162 $561, 557 7, 115, 781 Cost---------------- 807, 980 370, 472 656, 277 734, 380 591, 697 7, 098,621 1 Includes $6,586,455 for new work and $401,989 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $600 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 3 Includes $5 cost in excess of prepayments. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project---............____ ............ .. $2,604,200 4. ASHLEY RIVER, S. C. Location. Rises near Ridgeville, S. C., and flows southeasterly 40 miles, uniting with the Cooper River to form the harbor of Charleston, S. C. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1239 and 470.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details see page 1809, Annual Report for 1915, and page 566, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide from the mouth to the Stan- dard wharf, 7.8 miles, suitably widened at bends and at the head of the improvement; and for maintenance, to a depth of 12 feet and a width of 100 feet, of the approach channel to the municipal yacht basin. The mean tidal variation is about 5.2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed projects, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, was $260,996. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 323 Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Channel 20 feet deep and 240 feet wide up to Stand- Rivers and Harbors Committee ard wharf. Doc. 4. 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Enlarging channel to present project dimensions and Rivers and Harbors Committee for maintenance of entrance channel to Municipal Doc. 449, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Yacht Basin (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The facilities extend 51/2 miles above the United States Coast Guard wharf adjacent to Tradd Street and in- clude the wharves of the American Agricultural Chemical Co., Planters Fertilizer & Phosphate Co., Koppers Co., and the Vir- ginia-Carolina Chemical Corp. The fertilizer company wharves are equipped with mechanical unloading devices. These terminals are considered adequate for existing commerce. At the municipal yacht basin there are three docks of creosoted-timber construc- tion for the accommodation of local and transient yachts. For further details see Port Series No. 13, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Clinton, by contract, on June 14, 1954 commenced restoring safe navigable dimensions in the lower 3 miles of the main channel, and to the end of the fiscal year had removed 152,070 cubic yards of material at a cost of $34,732. The total cost for the year was $34,732. Condition at the end of fiscal year. The existing project was completed in 1940. A survey of the main channel at the end of the fiscal year showed a controlling depth of 25 feet for 300-foot width from its mouth to the highway bridge, about 3 miles, thence 14 feet to the head of the project. A survey of the entrance channel to the municipal yacht basin during May 1954 showed a controlling depth of 5.2 feet for 70-foot width. The costs at the end of the fiscal year have been $260,996 for new work and $425,798 for maintenance, a total of $686,794. In addition $700 from contributed funds were expended for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to19501 New work: Appropriated---------------....-------------------------------------------- $260, 996 Cost -------------------------------------------------------------------- 260, 996 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-------... $11, 631 $108, 231 ----------------------.. $115, 000 506,065 Cost----------------- 13,216 108,231------------ 34,456 2425,522 1Does not include $700 contributed funds. 2 Includes $276 cost in excess of prepayments. 5. SHIPYARD RIVER, S. C. Location. This waterway is a salt water tidal tributary of Charleston Harbor, S. C. It has its source about one-half mile below the United States navy yard, whence it flows southerly about 3 miles and empties into Cooper River about three-fourths 324 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 mile above Drum Island. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 470.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1912; March 3, 1925; July 3, 1930; August 30, 1935; and Au- gust 26, 1937. For further details of previous projects, see page 610, Annual Report for 1932, and page 463, Annual Report for 1944. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low water and 200 feet wide, widened at the entrance, from deep water in Cooper River to the vicinity of the plant of the Pittsburgh Metallurgical Co., with a turning basin 30 feet deep opposite the Gulf Oil Corp. terminal and a turning basin 30 feet deep at the upper end of the project. The mean tidal variation is 5.2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, was $487,824. The latest (1.954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $132,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Channel depths of 12 and 20 feet_______- ......__-___ Rivers and Harbors Committee, Doc. 13, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 20, 1935 28-foot channel from Cooper River to the Gulf Oil Rivers and Harbors Committee, Corp.'s terminal, and the deepening of the channel Doc. 43, 73d Cong., 2d sess. above that point to 20 feet from the depth of 12 feet previously authorized without local cooperation. Aug. 26, 19371 Enlargement of the channel to a depth of 30 feet and Rivers and Harbors Committee, a width of 200 feet up to the Gulf Oil Corp.'s ter- Doc. 38, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' minal, with a turning basin 30 feet deep at the latter point. Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of the existing 30-foot channel to vicinity H. Doc. 93, 79th Cong., 1st sess. of the Pittsburg Metallurgical Co. plant, with a turning basin at the upper end. 1 Included in Emergency Relief Administration program, May 28, 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In the lower three-quarter mile of the channel are the large marginal wharves of the Gulf Oil Corp. and the Shipyard River Terminal Co., the latter handling chiefly fer- tilizer and fertilizer materials. These wharves accommodate deep- draft, ocean-going vessels. On the upper channel is the Pittsburgh Metallurgical Co.'s wharf for handling ores. Operations and results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Pullen, by contract, restored project dimensions over the entire project during November 1953 and January 1954, removing 484,107 cubic yards of material at a cost of $113,852. The cost of surveys and supervision was $861; the cost of stream gaging was $3,675 and the cost of hydroclimatic network was $3,150. The total costs during the year were $121,539 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted during June 1951. After dredging surveys during January 1954, showed a controlling depth of 30 feet throughout the project. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 325 The costs to the end of the fiscal year have been $456,260 from regular funds and $31,564 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $487,824 for new work; and $1,449,871 from regular funds for maintenance, a total of $1,937,695. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,1 includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to1950 New work: Appropriated__---_ $375, 000 --- $491, 974 Cost 4, 162 $370, 838 491, 974 Maintenance: Appropriated - 69, 100 66, 811 $124, 513 $92, 388 $123, 933 1, 453, 009 Cost-_ 38, 997 107, 289 122, 213 93, 943 121, 516 21, 449, 848 1 Includes $4,150 for new work for previous projects. 2 Includes $23 cost in excess of prepayments. 6. EMERGENCY OPERATIONS-PROTECTING, CLEARING AND STRAIGHTENING CHANNELS OF NAVIGABLE WATERS, PROJECTS NOT REQUIRING SPECIFIC AUTHORIZATION Under Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, an allotment of $2,500 from regular funds and an addi- tional sum of $2,500 of contributed funds were received for clear- ing a 1,150-foot reach next upstream from the head of the improved authorized project channel in Shem Creek to restore its approxi- mately natural dimensions of 10-foot depth at mean low water for a bottom width of 90 feet, thereby providing safe navigation for commercial vessels operating on the creek upstream of the im- proved project channel. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The pipeline dredge Cherokee, by contract, during May 1954 restored natural dimen- sions of 10-foot depth for 90-foot bottom width in an 1,150-foot reach of Shem Cheek next upstream from the head of the im- proved project channel, by removing 19,438 cubic yards of mud, sand, and silt at a cost of $2,500 from regular funds and $2,500 contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Natural channel dimensions of 10-foot depth for 90-foot bottom width obtained in the 1,150-foot reach of Shem 'Creek next upstream from the improved project channel. The costs to the end of the fiscal year for maintenance have been $6,902 from regular funds and $2,500 from contributed funds, a total of $9,402. Cost and finanriat summary United States Funds Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated - $598----- ------- -_---- ------- : $2, 500 $6, 902 Cost 2, 500 6, 902 Note: Does not include $2,500 contributed funds. 326 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: ------------------------------------------------ Appropriated....... $2, 500 $2, 500 Cost--------- ----------------------------------------------- 2, 500 2, 500 7. TABLE OF INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Abbapoola Creek, S. C.....------------------- 1947 ---------------------------- $17, 000 2. Beresford Creek, S. C. ___...................... 1947 ......-....... . ---- 32, 000 3. Congaree River, S. C.1.......--- . . . 1950 $364, 824 $541, 860 170, 000 4. Edisto River, 8. C.1-- 5 _- - - - - - - - - 1938 33, 103 900 (') 5. Great Pee Dee River, S. C. _ . 1950 183, 712 269, 673 (s) 6. Little Pee Dee River, S. C.1 2_..... __-----_ 1919 19, 550 25, 650 31, 000 7. Lumber River, N. C. & S. C.'-------------- 1897 19, 000 -------------- 16, 000 8. Lynch River and Clark Creek, S. C.' 2....... 1910 9, 500 _ (S) 9. Mingo Creek, S. C.1...---------------------- 1950 29, 050 7,150 (S) 10. Russell Creek, 8. C.....................-.. 1947- - ----- - - - 24, 000 11. Salkahatchie River, S. C.' 2 -_ --.... 1896 15, 841 (s) 12. Santee River, S. C.--.....---- -------- 1950 99, 750 178, 544 (') 13. Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945------------------------- 1949 ..... . 4,402 () 14. Waccamaw River, N. C. & S. C.5-----------1950 262, 814 197, 813 () 15. Wateree River, S. C.1_ __----------- - 1940 60, 000 151, 784 (s) 16. Yadkln River, N. C.1 2___....___._____.__ . 1892 102, 809 --------------- 5, 000 1No commerce reported. 2 Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H.Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). ' Completed. ' Revoked in fiscal year 1950, $598. A Curtailment recommended in 1926 (H.Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 8. TABLE OF INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Edisto River, S. C................------------------------ 1947 1$6, 379 ------------.-. $288, 600 2. Yadkin River, N. C..............__.....__... 1952 131, 500 ".. .... 13, 900, 000 Note: The sum of $3,621 was revoked during the fiscal year 1948. 9. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs and expenditures of navigation and flood control studies during the year were $1,812 and $378, respectively, a total of $2,190. The unexpended balance June 30, 1954, of $375 for navigation studies, plus an anticipated allotment of $3,500 for flood control studies, a total of $3,875 will be applied during the fiscal year 1955, to the payment of expenses to be incurred under these headings. FLOOD CONTROL-CHARLESTON, S. C., DISTRICT 327 Collection and study of basic data. The costs and expenditures for collection and study of basic data during the year were $295. The unexpended balance June 30, 1954, of $321, plus an antici- pated allotment of $3,120, a total of $3,441 will be applied during the fiscal year 1955 for the payment of expenditures to be incurred in connection with the collection and study of basic data. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT This district comprises a very small portion of southwestern North Carolina, western South Carolina, eastern Georgia, and a small portion of northeastern Florida embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Atlantic Ocean between Port Royal Sound, S. C., and the harbor at Fernandina, Fla. It includes the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway between these points. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- 5. Savannah River Basin, Ga. and way between Norfolk, Va., S. C --------........... 341 ...... ---------............... and the St. Johns River, Fla. 6. Hartwell Reservoir, Savannah (Savannah District)----- ......----..... 329 River Basin, Ga. and S. C..... 341 2. Savannah Harbor, Ga.....--..-------........ 332 7. Clark Hill Reservoir, Savannah 3. Savannah River below Augus- River Basin, Ga. and S. C .... 343 ta, Ga---.....---.....-----------........................... 337 ......................... 8. Macon, Ga---------------- 344 4. Inactive navigation projects...... 340 9. Inactive flood control projects.. 345 10. General investigations...--------............. 345 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (SAVANNAH DISTRICT) Location. This section of the waterway connects Port Royal Sound, S. C., with Fernandina, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 838-841, inclusive.) For Cumberland Sound to St. Johns River section, see page 331. Previous projects between Savannah, Ga., and Fernandina, Fla. Previous improvements in this section were authorized by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882; August 11, 1888; July 13, 1892, and March 3, 1905. For further details, see pages 1814, 1821-1823, Annual Report for 1915, and page 585, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water and not less than 90 feet wide between Port Royal Sound, S. C., and Savannah, Ga., for a waterway 12 feet deep at mean low water, with widths of 90 feet in land cuts and narrow streams and 150 feet in open waters, between Savannah, Ga., and Fernandina, Fla., to follow in general the alinement of the existing waterway, except for such cutoffs or other changes in the route as may be found desirable and justified by the resultant benefits to navigation; and for a suitable anchorage basin at Thunderbolt, Ga. The total distance from Port Royal Sound, S. C., to Fernan- dina, Fla., is 165 miles. The project also provides for the follow- ing: (1) removing logs and snags from Generals Cut, Ga.; (2) an alternative and more protected route 7 feet deep at mean low water from Doboy Sound to Brunswick Harbor, via Darien River, Three Mile Cut, Altamaha River, One Mile Cut, Buttermilk Sound, Mackay River, Back River, Clubbs Creek, and Plantation Creek; 329 330 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 (3) a protected channel 7 feet deep at mean low water and 75 feet wide around St. Andrews Sound, extending from the main route of the waterway in Jekyll Creek through Jekyll Sound, Little Satilla River, Umbrella Cut, Umbrella Creek and its south branch, through Dover Cut to Dover Creek, thence up Dover Creek and through a narrow neck of land to Satilla River, thence through a land cut south of Todd Creek and through Floyd Creek to the main route of the waterway in Cumberland River; (4) a channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 50 feet wide to connect Baileys Cut to Satilla River and Dover Creek, Ga.; (5) a loop 8 feet deep at mean low water to reach the wharves at the southern end of Cumberland Sound; (6) an alternative route 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide in that part of Frederica River, Ga., not now traversed by the main route, at no additional cost to the United States. In general, the work is to be accomplished by dredging, supplemented by training walls as necessary. The mean tidal range between Port Royal, S. C., and Fernan- dina, Fla., is from 6 to 8 feet, with fluctuations from 11/2 to 21/2 feet, due to winds and lunar phases. The project has been completed at a cost of $763,599.20 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $300,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 331 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents BEAUFORT, S.C., TO SAVANNAH, GA., SECTION June 3,1896 Route No. 2 adopted----___---... .. Doc. 295, 53d Cong., 3d sess. -H.H------ Mar. 3,1899 Route No. 1 adopted_-__-------.... ---------------- Do.' July 25,1912 Provided for Archer Creek (this route now aban- H. Doc. 513, 62d Cong., 2d sess. doned). SAVANNAH, GA., TO FERNANDINA, FLA., SECTION July 13,1892. Original 7-foot channel.................._........-..- H. Doc. 41, 52d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 3,1905 Provided for Skidaway Narrows_ __.....__..... . H. Doc. 450, 58th Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Incorporated alternative routes previously improved H. Doc. 1236, 60th Cong., 2d sess.' as separate projects and the auxiliary channels. CUMBERLAND SOUND, GA., AND FLA., TO ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA., SECTION Mar. 4, 1913 For a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide ...........- H. Doc. 898, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 Consolidation of the 3 sections, shown above, into "Waterway between Beaufort, S. C., and St. Johns River, Fla." BEAUFORT, S. C., TO CUMBERLAND SOUND, GA., AND FLA., SECTION Mar. 2,1919 Removing logs and snags from Generals Cut._...._... H. Doc. 581, 63d Cong., 2d sess.' Do....... Improving Back River to provide a channel 7 feet H. Doc. 1391, 62d Cong., 3d sess. deep and 150 feet wide. Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 75 feet wide between Beaufort, S. C., and S. Doc. 178, 68th Cong., 2d sess. Savannah, Ga. July 3,1930 Channel from Baileys Cut to Dover Creek........... S. Doc. 43, 71st Cong., 2d sess.' Aug. 26,1937 A 7-foot protected channel around St. Andrew Sound. Senate committee print, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' A 12-foot channel between Beaufort, S. C., and Sa- Do--....... Rivers and Harbors Committee vannah, Ga., via Beaufort River and Port Royal Doc. 6, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Sound. June 20,1938 A 12-foot channel between Savannah, Ga., and H. Doe. 618, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Fernandina, Fla., various cutoffs; and anchorage basin at Thunderbolt, Ga. Mar. 2, 1945 An alternative route 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide in H. Doc. 114, 77th Cong., 1st sess. that part of Frederica River, Ga., not now trav- ersed by the main route, at no additional cost to the United States. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Exclusive of terminal facilities at the ports of entry, this improvement serves numerous wharves, some of which are open to the public on equal terms. These facilities are considered ample for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Office engi- neering, miscellaneous reports, condition surveys, and inspections with Government plant and hired labor cost $15,117. Condition at end of fiscal year. The main 12-foot channel of the existing project was completed in 1941. The 7-foot protected route around St. Andrew Sound was completed in 1939. The train- ing walls and closure dams were completed in 1912, and are in satisfactory condition. All other improvements were completed in 1932. Since March 1943, the previous route of the Intracoastal Water- way, through the westerly end of South Channel and the northerly end of Wilmington River, has been superseded by the route through the Elba-McQueens Island Cut and the northwesterly end of St. Augustine Creek. The former route will be maintained to 332 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 a depth of 7 feet for traffic moving from Savannah to points south of Savannah Harbor and for northbound traffic from south- ern points below Savannah Harbor to Savannah, Ga. In April 1954, the main route had a controlling depth of 12 feet or more ex- cept as follows: Ramshorn Creek (Mile 568.0 to 569.4), 11 feet; Walls Cut (Mile 572.2), 11 feet; Fields Cut (Mile 573.5 to 573.7), 10 feet; St. Augustine Creek (Mile 578.5), 11 feet; Wilmington River (Mile 579.5 to 579.9), 11 feet; Florida Passage (Mile 607.8), 11 feet; Doboy Sound (Mile 649.4), 11 feet; Rockdedundy River (Mile 652.6 to 653.2), 10 feet; Little Mud River (Mile 653.2 to 656.0), 11 feet; Altamaha Sound (Mile 658.5), 11 feet; Butter- milk Sound (Mile 662.8), 8 feet; St. Simon Sound (Mile 677.5), 10 feet; and Jekyll Creek (Mile 683.5), 11 feet. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $763,599 for new work and $4,159,705 for maintenance, a total of $4,923,304. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19502 New work: Appropriated ......------------ ------------------------------------- ---------- $958, 096 Cost _.--------- ------------ ------------ ---------- --- --------------------- 958,096 Maintenance: Appropriated $149, 600 $174, 421 -$46, 900 $233, 263 $7, 000 4, 297, 980 Cost-_-.---- .-- 30, 160 174, 830 82, 530 224, 718 115, 099 4, 294, 484 1 Plus $18 pending adjustment. 2 Includes $194,497 for new work and $134,798 for maintenance for previous projects. 2. SAVANNAH HARBOR, GA. Location. The entrance is 75 statute miles south of Charleston Harbor, S. C., and 70 statute miles north of Brunswick Harbor, Ga. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 440.) Previous projects. Adopted by specific acts of Congress May 18, 1826; March 3, 1855; August 7, 1856; and by River and Har- bor Acts of March 3, 1873; June 23, 1874; September 19, 1890; June 3, 1896; and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1810, Annual Report for 1915, and page 578, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This consists of eliminating the regulating dam across South Channel, relocating the inland waterway in the vicinity, further extending training walls, revetments, and jetties, and providing for- a. Channels 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide across the ocean bar between stations 245 and 194, 9.7 miles; thence 34 feet deep and generally 400 feet wide, increased to 550 feet opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals, between stations 194 and 103, with a turn- ing basin 34 feet deep at the Mexican Petroleum Corp. refinery, 17.2 miles; thence 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide to the foot of Kings Island, 0.6 mile; thence 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the vicinity of the Atlantic Creosoting Co. terminal, with a turning basin 30 feet deep, 2.1 miles; thence 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide to a point 1,500 feet below the Atlantic coastal highway bridge, RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 333 with a turning basin 30 feet deep at the upper end, 1.45 miles; a total length of 31.05 miles; and with such modifications thereof as the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers may con- sider desirable. b. Enlargement of contracted portions of the channel and such enlargements of the channel as may be necessary to smooth out abrupt changes and for otherwise improving the hydraulic condi- tions with a view to reducing shoaling. c. The maintenance of the channels, anchorage basins, enlarge- ments at Drakies Cut, Kings Island, West Broad and Barnard Streets, mooring dolphins near Fort Oglethorpe, and the existing training walls and jetties. The plane of reference is mean low water, which varies for different parts of the harbor. The mean range of tide is 7.6 feet at the upper end of the harbor and 7.1 feet at the lower end. Ex- treme ranges are about 10.5 feet and 11 feet, respectively. Tides below mean low water occur 6 or 7 times a month and minus 2-foot tides occur from 6 to 8 times a year. The improvement has in- creased the mean tidal range by about 2.8 feet at the upper end. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954 is $8,957,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,500,000. 334 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 1874 Regulating works.... .--------------------------- Annual Report, 1873, p. 747. Mar. 2,1907 Tentative provision for a 26-foot channel from the H. Doc. 181, 59th Cong., 1st sess. quarantine station to the Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge. June 25,1910 Definite provision for the 26-foot channel......... July 25, 1912 A 21-foot channel from the Seaboard Air Line Ry. H. Doc. 563, 62d Cong., 2d sess. bridge to the foot of Kings Island. Aug. 8,1917 A 30-foot depth from the sea to the quarantine station. H. Doc. 1471, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21, 1927 A 21-foot channel above Kings Island-.............. H. Doec. 261, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Do....... Channel 30 feet deep, with general width 500 feet, H. Doc. 262, 69th Cong., 1st sess. from the ocean to the quarantine station, thence 26 feet deep, general width 400 feet, to the Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge, thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Kings Island. Widening at West Broad and Barnard Sts.; anchor- age basin; mooring dolphins; regulating dam across South Channel; relocation of the inland waterway; dredging Drakies Cut to 13 feet; widening to 525 feet at Kings Island; extension of training walls, revetments, and jetties. Consolidation of projects relating to Savannah Harbor. July 3, 1930 Channel 26 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the Sea- S. Doc. 39, 71st Cong., 1st sess. board Air Line Ry. bridge to the foot of Kings Island. Aug. 30, 1935 Authorized the 30-foot project and eliminated from H. Doec. 276, 73d Cong., 2d sess. the project: (a) the regulating dam across South Channel; (b) the relocation of the inland waterway; and (c) the further extension of training walls, revetments, and jetties. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Deepening the channel and turning basin above the H. Dec. 283, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Seaboard Air Line Ry. bridge from 26 to 30 feet and widening the channel opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals to a maximum of 550 feet for a length of 5 000 feet. Nov. 7,1945 Deepening the channels to 36 feet deep and 500 feet H. Doc. 227, 79th Cong., 1st sess.' wide across the ocean bar between stations 245 and 194; 34 feet deep and generally 400 feet wide, in- creased to 550 feet opposite the Atlantic Coast Line terminals, between stations 194 and 103, with a turning basin 34 feet deep at the Mexican Petro- leum Corp. refinery; and with such modifications thereof as the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may consider desirable. July 24, 1946 Extending channel 30 feet deep, 200 feet wide, up- H. Doc. 678, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' stream from Atlantic Creosoting terminal to a point 1,500 feet below the Atlantic coastal highway bridge, with turning basin 30 feet deep at upper end. 1 Contains the latest published maps. Recommended modification of project. In house Document No. 110, 83d Congress, 1st session, it was recommended that the exist- ing project be modified to provide for a channel 34 feet deep and 400 feet wide, from the upper end of the presently authorized 34-foot channel in the vicinity of the Mexican Petroleum Corp. wharf to a distance upstream of about 1.6 miles, and to widen the recommended channel at the upper end to form a turning basin 34 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 700 feet long with the necessary approaches. The estimated cost is $414,900 for the improvement with no additional maintenance cost to that now authorized. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Acts approved No- vember 7, 1945, and July 24, 1946, impose the conditions that local interests shall: (1) Provide free of cost to the United States, all lands and rights-of-way required for the initial construction and subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works. To date, the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 335 have by appropriate resolution agreed to act as local assurer in securing spoilage easements in Savannah Harbor. The city has authorized the Savannah District Authority to conduct negotia- tions and secure necessary easements. In keeping with the reso- lution, the city has furnished the Government with indemnity bond in the amount of $70,000 applicable over a term of 5 years to assure payment of the eventual condemnation cost for securing perpetual easements on 4 tracts of land. On request of the mayor of the city of Savannah, condemnation proceedings were filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia on December 11, 1952, for 1 parcel of land comprising 460 acres; and proceedings were filed in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of South Carolina on December 23, 1952, for 3 parcels of land comprising a total of 6,667 acres. Orders of possession were granted in both instances. The Savannah District Authority furnished two 20-year easements on 2 tracts of land located on Hutchinson Island, Ga. The Government was also furnished with extensions of short term or temporary easements on 2 parcels of land which will expire in March and June 1955. Short term easements were accepted in lieu of long term or perpetual easements pending disposition of above con- demnation proceedings. The proceedings pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia, wherein adverse decision was rendered, necessitated the filing of an appeal to the Circuit Court. Pending a decision by the Circuit Court the order of possession will remain in force. Trial was scheduled in August 1954 to determine a just compensation for the 3 tracts of land involved in proceedings in the District Court of South Carolina. Terminal facilities. There are 51 piers and wharves to serve waterborne commerce of the port. These facilities, with the use of dolphins, have a combined berthing space of 33,800 feet, with depths of water alongside ranging from zero to 32 feet at mean low water. Six of these terminals are opposite the city on Hutchinson Island; the remaining 45 are on the south side of the river between 3 miles below and 6.8 miles above the center of the city. Thirteen piers and wharves are operated by railroads, 5 by oil companies, 2 by coal companies, 1 by a cotton warehouse company, 5 by ship re- pair companies, 1 by a local steamship company, 7 by various private industries, and 1 by the Georgia Ports Authority. The site of a former shipyard has been acquired by the city of Savannah for future development of industrial sites. There is a large municipal wharf at the center of the city. All have railway and highway connections, except the six on Hutchinson Island which have rail connections only. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. For further details, see Port Series No. 14, Corps of Engineers (revised 1946). Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Channel excavation, by contract, within the limits of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge was completed during August 1953, at a cost of $5,983. The sum of $3,445 was charged during the year for work accomplished during the previous fiscal year in connection with the alterations to the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge. 336 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 This amount will reflect as a credit to the alterations to the bridge. Condition surveys cost $190. The total cost for new work was $9,618. Maintenance: The United States hopper dredge Langfitt oper- ated on the bar channels during the period September 1-30, 1953, removing 504,022 cubic yards of material at a cost of $101,743. The contract dredge Admiral operated in the inner harbor during the period July 1, 1953, to September 26, 1953, removing 3,128,593 cubic yards of material at a cost of $543,220. The United States pipeline dredge Henry Bacon operated in the inner harbor during the period December 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954, removing 3,338,610 cubic yards of material at a cost of $456,553. Increasing height and cross section of existing spoil impounding dikes cost $37,755. Dragging and sweeping the inner harbor channels cost $13,948. Miscellaneous reports, inspections, condition and operation studies cost $45,232. Included in this amount is $7,307 for the model study of Savannah Harbor. Inspections, surveys, and layouts for channel work cost $2,742. The total cost for maintenance was $1,201,193. The following tabulation shows the name of plant, sections of the harbor over which work was performed, yardage removed, and method of dredging: Cubic yards removed Name of channel Station to station Regular dredging Dredge Langfitt: Tybee Knoll __-._------------------------------------ 196, 206 257, 380 Tybee Roads------------------------------------------- 214-238 246, 642 Dredge Admiral: City Front_------------------------------------------- 122-127 935, 026 WreckS------------- ------------------- ---------- 127-136 964, 481. 5-Fathom Irole_ ------------------------------------- Obstrietions------------------------------------------- 136-140 140-146 490, 654 288, 031 Upper Flats------------------------------------------ 157-162 177, 277 Lower Flats---------------------------------------------- 12-167 152, 846 Quarantine ------------ ----------------------------- 191-194 120, 278 Dredge Bacon: Whitehall _ ._.88-91 51, 866 Kings Island ------------------------------------------- 100-106 234, 309 Marsh Island ----------------- 108-114 398, 231 City Front --------- ----------------------- 118-125 1, 266, 859 Wrecks--..-- ------------------------------------------- 127-136 897, 572 5-Fathom Hole---------------------------------- ------ 136-140 426, 441 Obstructions__- ___----------------------------------...... 140-142 63, 332 Total cubic yards removed_ ............--------------- --------------------- 6, 971, 225 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 97 percent completed. The 30-foot channel and extension of the harbor above the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge was com- pleted February 5, 1948. The 34-foot channel was completed January 7, 1953. The 36-foot bar channel was completed April 15, 1951. The previous 30-foot project from the sea to old quar- antine station was completed in 1930, and the rest of the 30-foot channel in 1937. That part of the previous 26-foot channel from the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge to the foot of Kings Island was completed in 1931; the rest, from the foot of Kings Island to the Atlantic Creosoting wharf, including the turning basin oppo- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 337 site the Savannah Sugar Refinery's wharf, in 1937. Cross-tides channel was closed with a hydraulic fill in 1937. The anchorage basin and mooring dolphins near Fort Oglethorpe were completed in 1926; of the 10 dolphins originally constructed, all have been destroyed. The channel enlargements at Drakies Cut, Kings Is- land, and at West Board and Barnard Streets, were completed in 1931, 1929, and 1924, respectively. Whitehall channel training wall was completed in 1929 and was replaced by three spur dikes in 1937; these spur dikes are in good condition. Fig Island train- ing wall was raised and extended in 1940 and is in good condition. Long Island training wall hydraulic fill was completed in 1931 and other training walls and jetties prior to 1929, and are in fair con- dition. The work remaining to complete the project consists of construction of bank protection and extension of permeable dikes in the upper reaches of the harbor. In June 1954, least depths in midchannel for half-project width at mean low water were 35 feet from the sea to Blinker 24 (in the vicinity of Fort Pulaski) ; thence 29 feet to the Mexican Petroleum Corp.; thence 27 feet to the wharf of the Southern Paperboard Corp.; thence varying from 27 feet to 10 feet at the extreme upper limits of the harbor. The turning basins had the following con- trolling depths: Kings Island Turning Basin, 31 feet; Whitehall Turning Basin, 30 feet; and Port Wentworth Turning Basin, 21 feet in the lower half and 10 feet in the upper half. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $8,694,243 for new work and $22,994,384 for maintenance, a total of $31,688,627. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19502 New work: Appropriated ....-------- $405, 000 $540, 000 $245, 000 -$21, 564 -$2, 900 $15, 968, 598 Cost . .....----------------400, 946 512, 418 219, 372 15, 700 9, 618 15, 954, 627 Maintenance: Appropriated ..--------. 747, 350 619, 853 887, 400 1, 289, 439 1, 310, 000 23, 569, 885 Cost ...----- ..---- . 786, 076 635, 478 920,194 1,121, 640 11, 196, 887 23, 288, 972 1 Plus $4,306 pending adjustment. 2 Includes $7,260,384 for new work and $298,894 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-.....-.... $13, 971 ....--------------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..-------......... ------------------------------------------------ 13,971 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project...........................................................-----------------------------.. 248,800 3. SAVANNAH RIVER BELOW AUGUSTA, GA. Location. This river is formed by the confluence of the Tugaloo and Seneca Rivers on the northwestern part of the South Carolina- Georgia boundary line. It flows southeast 314 miles, forming the boundary line, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean 16.6 miles be- low Savannah, Ga. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of South Carolina and Georgia.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of 338 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 March 3, 1881. A subdivision between new work and mainte- nance is not possible. For further details see page 1813, Annual Report for 1915 and page 581, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. Provides for a channel 9 feet deep and 90 feet wide (at ordinary summer flow, which corresponds to a dis- charge of 5,300 second-feet at August, Ga., with the Clark Hill power plant in operation), from the upper end of Savannah Har- bor to the head of navigation at Augusta, 3 miles above Fifth Street Bridge, about 199 miles. The improvement is to be ob- tained by construction of one lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff, use of contraction works, closure of cutoffs, bank protec- tion, dredging, removal of snags, overhanging trees and wrecks, and open-river regulation. The mean tidal variation at the mouth of the river is 7.1 feet. The freshet variation above the normal pool level (elevation 114.5 mean sea level) of the New Savannah Bluff lock and dam at the head of the improvement is ordinarily about 13 feet with an extreme of 34 feet. Pertinent data for the lock and dam are given in the following table: Lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff Nearest railroad station......-------------...................----...........---.Augusta, Ga., 13 miles. Distance above mouth of river-.._...-.........................-... 203 miles. Lock dimensions __............ ................... .................. ... 56 by 360 feet. Lift of lock---..........................................---..........------.........----- .......-------... 12.7 feet. Depth on lower miter sill at low water.............-----------...... 12.3 feet. Depth on upper miter sill at normal pool level-........... 13.5 feet. Character of foundations Piles in sand, clay, and gravel. .------------.-. Kind of dam....----- ...--......................------------------------------.. Fixed. 1 Type of construction- ---.----..-... . . ... ----- Concrete. Completed ............-------------------------------- 1937. Total cost------......-------.....--..........--------------------.......................... $1,473,812.10. 1 Five steel vertical-lift crest control gates, set between concrete piers and resting on concrete sill. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $6,982,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $398,- 000 including $32,500 for operating and care. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 For a 5-foot channel .... --------------------------- ,_ H. Doc. 255, 51st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1890; p. 1328. June 25, 1910 Special improvement by bank-protection work of 20 H. Doc. 962, 60th Cong., 1st sess. or 25 miles of the river immediately below Augusta. July 3, 1930 The present 6-foot channel project and the lock and H. Doc. 101, 70th Cong., 1st sess. dam. Aug. 30,19351 Provision made for locating the lock and dam at New Senate committee print, 73d Cong., Savannah Bluff. 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Conditions of local cooperation modified......------------ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 39, 75th Cong., 1st sess.2 May 17, 1950 Provides for a 9-foot channel---......................... Doc. 6, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 1 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 27, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The project provides that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of- way and spoil disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from any damage resulting from construction and RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 339 maintenance of the improvement; and provide and maintain ade- quate terminal and transfer facilities, including a suitable public terminal at Augusta, Ga., open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The only water terminals served by this improvement are at Augusta and at or near Savannah. The city of Augusta owns and operates, on equal terms to all, a wharf and warehouse; a short distance below this terminal the Pure Oil Co. has a terminal (storage capacity of 27,500 barrels) for berthing and discharging oil barges; and just outside the eastern city limits is the Merry Bros. Brick & Tile Co.'s terminal. This com- pany also has terminal facilities at Savannah. At Savannah there is one municipal wharf, suitable for berths for river steamers, open to the public on equal terms. In addition, there are extensive facilities at Savannah, privately owned, for oceangoing and smaller vessels. Along the river there are numerous natural landings without wharves or railway connections. The terminal facilities are considered ample for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Office engi- neering, miscellaneous reports, condition surveys, and inspections with Government plant and hired labor cost $3,938. The minimum daily flow of the river at New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam during the fiscal year 1954 was 5,300 cubic feet per second. Minimum weekly flow was 5,590 cubic feet per second. The minimum daily and weekly flows of record prior to 1954 were 1,105 and 1,220 cubic feet per second, respectively. Power plants with storage on the river are Clark Hill Dam, a Federal multipurpose project 22 miles above Augusta; the Stevens Creek plant, 9 miles above Augusta; and the 6 plants of the Georgia Power Company on the headwaters. From the time that filling of the Clark Hill Reservoir was begun in December 1951 until the second generating unit was placed in operation in February 1953, a flow of about 3,000 cubic feet per second or better was maintained 95 percent of the time. Since that time the flow releases from Clark Hill have been those resulting from the operation of the project in the interest of flood control, navigation and hydroelectric power, which provides a minimum flow of 5,300 cubic feet per second at the Butler Creek gage for navigation. Maintenance (operating and care): The lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff was operated, and ordinary repairs and improve- ments were made to the structure and appurtenant works at a cost of $26,132. The total cost of work from regular funds was $30,070, of which $3,938 was for maintenance and $26,132 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 39 percent completed. The lock and dam at New Savannah Bluff was completed in 1937 and is in good repair. In general, the open- channel works are in fair condition; a few of the structures are in need of repairs; however this work will be accomplished by the authorized modification to the existing project. The control- ling depth was 6 feet or greater 100 percent of the fiscal year. This depth corresponds to a height of 5 feet on the Butler Creek gage and to a discharge of 5,300 second feet. The work remain- ing to be done to complete the project is as follows: deepen the 340 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 channel to 9 feet and widen to 90 feet between the upper end of Savannah Harbor and the present head of navigation at Augusta, Ga. The cost on the project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: Regular Public works funds funds Total Costs: Construction__ -_ - --- $1, 117, 237 $1, 634, 562 $2, 751, 799 Operation and maintenance --------------------.--- 1, 777, 632 ..-------------- 1, 777, 632 Operation and care__--. -- -___ _ 472, 116 - - 472, 116 Total ------------------ -- ----------- 3, 366, 985 1, 634, 562 5, 001, 547 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ---- ----------------- ------------------------------------ $2, 845, 279 Cost- - ----- ----- ------------ 2, 845, 279 Maintenance: Appropriated- . $110, 100 $76, 431 $52, 000 $71, 000 $20, 000 2, 253, 489 Cost----- ....---------- 114, 195 77, 122 49, 701 70, 289 130, 066 22, 249, 743 1 Plus $4 pending adjustment. 2 Does not agree with Form 3011 for June 30, 1954, accrued expenditures, by $251, amount carried as stock June 30, 1953. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_ .................. .............. $4, 230,200 4. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Altamaha, Oconee and Ocmulgee Rivers, Ga.' 1951 $60, 847 $938, 135 (2) 2. Brunswick Harbor, Ga_------------------- 1953 3 2, 221, 121 3 42, 613, 646 1, 789, 900 3. Darien Harbor, Ga.'_ _ 1950 5199, 723 44, 183 Completed 4. Fancy Bluff Creek, Ga.'-------------- 1935 8, 000 4, 200 Do. 5. Fernandina Harbor,' Fla__ 1952 3, 286, 818 6 899, 403 283, 200 6. Sapelo Harbor, Ga.- 8 -- - 1929 17, 906 17, 094 Completed 7. Satilla River, Ga.' 1951 9, 452 37, 793 Do. 8. St. Marys River, Ga. and Fla., and North 1951 15, 688 56, 860 1, 080, 300 River, Ga. 7 9. Savannah River above Augusta, 7Ga. 8_ 1929 69, 600 5, 870 (9) 10. Savannah River at Augusta, Ga. -- 1929 0 200, 556 17, 444 Completed 1Channel adequate for commerce. 2 Existing project is such that percentage of completion cannot be stated. 3 Includes $102,516 expended from public works funds: $97,521 for construction and $4,995 for operation and maintenance. In addition, $10,000 was expended from contributed funds for construction. 4 Includes $991 expended for general supervision during fiscal year 1954. 5 Includes $54,929 expended on Doboy Bar. 6 Includes $1,370 expended for general supervision during fiscal year 1954. 7 Project recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 8No commerce reported. 9 About 84 percent completed. Owing to construction of 2 power dams which have submerged much of the work under the present and former projects, this improvement cannot be completed as originally planned. toIn addition, $185,000 was expended from contributed funds: $172,151 for construction and $12,849 for operation and maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 341 5. SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA., AND S. C. Location. The works covered by this project consist of a series of 11 dams and reservoirs on the Savannah River and its tribu- taries in Georgia and South Carolina. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey Maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive devel- opment of the Savannah River Basin for flood control and other purposes recommended in House Document 657, 78th Congress, 2d session, and authorized the construction of the Clark Hill Reservoir on the Savannah River in.Georgia and South Carolina as the initial step of this development at an estimated cost of $35,300,000. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized $50,000,000 to be appropriated for the construction of the Hartwell Reservoir in the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Sa- vannah River basin. Following is a list of the dams and reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan. The estimated costs given were revised in 1954. Dams and reservoirs Estimated cost Name River Con- Reloca- struction Lands tions and Total rights-of- way. Clark Hill, Ga. and S. C..---.--------- Savannah_-- $66, 087, 500 $6, 684, 300 $5, 534, 200 $78, 306, 000 Hartwell, Ga. and S. C ____________ -do _____ 65, 377, 000 10, 495, 000 14, 765, 000 90, 637, 000 ... Goat Island, Ga. and S. C------ ----- . .. do..... 31, 400,000 500, 000 4, 500, 000 36, 400, 000 Middleton Shoals, Ga. and S. C-.... -. do--. .----- - 15, 500, 000 200, 000 800, 000 16, 500, 000 Chattooga Units (4), Ga. and S. C- .-. Chattooga___ 39, 800, 000 300, 000 1, 600, 000 41, 700, 000 Tallow Hill, Ga _______________ _ _ Broad__ .... 36, 000, 000 1, 200, 000 1, 800, 000 39, 000, 000 Anthony Shoals, Ga.._----------------- ____do _. 15, 400, 000 1, 000, 000 1, 700, 000 18, 100, 000 Newry-Old Pickens, S. C---..---------. Keowee_ __ 25, 200, 000 2,100,000 2, 200;000 29, 500, 000 Local cooperation. None required. Clark Hill and Hartwell Reservoirs are the only projects in the comprehensive plan that have been authorized for construction. Individual reports on the two reservoirs are given in the following pages. 6. HARTWELL RESERVOIR, SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA. AND S. C. Location. The site of the Hartwell Dam is on the Savannah River 305 miles above its mouth and 89 miles upstream from Au- gusta, Ga. At full-power-pool elevation, the reservoir will extend 7.1 miles up the Savannah River to the confluence of the Tugaloo and Seneca, 41 miles up the Tugaloo, 27 miles up the Seneca to the mouth of upstream Little River, S. C., thence 2 miles up Little River to the Newry site, and 7 miles up the Keowee to the Old Pickens site, and 8 miles up Deep Creek. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized $50,000,000 to be appropriated for constructing the Hartwell Reservoir in the general plan for the comprehensive development of the Savannah River basin approved in the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, in addition to the authorization 342 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 for project construction in the act of December 22, 1944, recom- mended in House Document No. 657, 78th Congress, 2d session. This project, as now planned, provides for a gravity-type concrete dam 1,925 feet long with earth embankments at either end, 9,566 feet long on the Georgia side and 6,283 feet long on the South Carolina side. The total length of the dam will be about 17,774 feet, with a roadway over the top 24 feet wide. The main dam will consist of two nonoverflow concrete sections, 542 feet long on the Georgia side and 475 feet long on the South Carolina side, a gravity-type concrete spillway 568 feet long equipped with 12 tainter gates 40 by 35 feet, in the channel, and an intake section 340 feet long with the powerhouse on the Georgia side of the river. The maximum height of the concrete section will be 204 feet above river bottom and the earthfill embankments will vary in height to a maximum of about 106 feet. At full-power-pool elevation 660 the reservoir will provide a total storage of 2,562,600 acre-feet of which 1,427,600 acre-feet will be usable. The initial power instal- lation will be 180,000 kilowatts, and the ultimate will be 300,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost, revised in 1954, is $65,377,000 for construc- tion, $10,495,000 for lands, and $14,765,000 for relocations and rights-of-way, a total of $90,637,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Design memoran- dums on the construction bridge and diversion works were ap- proved by the Office, Chief of Engineers on July 17, 1953, and August 11, 1953, respectively. Design memorandums for the tur- bines and governors and for the tailrace were submitted Septem- ber 18, 1953, and April 1, 1954, respectively, and were approved by the Office, Chief of Engineers on February 19, 1954, and June 29, 1954, respectively. Design memorandum on the single line electrical diagram for the power plant was submitted October 15, 1953. The cost was $119,921. Condition at end of fiscal year. Advance planning was about 32 percent completed. Contract for reservoir mapping was about 98 percent completed. The cost for new work under the existing project to June 30, 1954 was $799,618. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated........------------------ ........... $170, 000 $172, 600 $373, 000 $96, 000 $811, 660 Cost --------------------------- 71,945 234,925 372, 827 1119, 974 799, 671 1 Minus $53 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954..-.............. $11, 011 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----- 11, 011 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project .......-............... 89, 825, 400 FLOOD CONTROL-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 343 7. CLARK HILL RESERVOIR, SAVANNAH RIVER BASIN, GA. AND S. C. Location. The work covered by this project is a dam and reser- voir on the Savannah River and its tributaries in Georgia and South Carolina. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Georgia and South Carolina.) Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, approved the general plan for the comprehensive devel- opment of the Savannah River basin for flood control and other purposes as recommended in House Document No. 657, 78th Con- gress, 2d session, and authorized the construction of the Clark Hill Reservoir on the Savannah River in Georgia and South Carolina at an estimated cost, revised in 1954, of $78,306,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $534,000. The Clark Hill Reservoir is on the Savannah River, Ga., and S. C., about 22 miles upstream from Augusta, Ga. The dam is 5,680 feet long, consisting of a concrete section 2,282 feet long with a maximum height of 200 feet, and a controlled spillway sec- tion 1,096 feet long. The concrete section is flanked on the west by a rolled-earth embankment extending 2,069 feet to the abut- ment, and on the east by a similar embankment 1,329 feet long. The reservoir has a total storage capacity of 2,900,000 acre-feet, of which 390,000 acre-feet will be reserved for flood control and 1,340,000 acre-feet will be used for the storage of water for gen- erating hydroelectric power. The power installations will consist of seven generating units of 40,000 kilowatts each, a total of 280,- 000 kilowatts. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. The powerhouse structure was completed, and with minor exceptions, all interior floors, tiling, trim, and finish were completed. Three additional generating units were placed in productive operation on October 6, 1953, January 25, 1954, and May 27, 1954. The seventh and last generating unit was practically completed, with commercial opera- tion expected shortly after the close of the fiscal year. All acces- sory electrical and mechanical powerhouse equipment had been installed. Because of a change in the disposition of electric power, plans for switching and metering equipment in the switchyard were revised. The scroll case for station service turbine No. 1 failed after several months of operation, and a new scroll case was installed. Generating of power was in progress. Operation and maintenance of the project by hired labor was initiated during the year. The total cost of the work for the fiscal year was $4,121,386, of which $3,789,333 was for new work and $332,053 was for opera- tion and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, commenced in November 1945, was 98.5 percent completed. All lands had been acquired either in fee or by condemnation. All relocation had been completed. Access roads to the reservoir were under construction. Six generating units were in commercial operation, and the 344 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 seventh unit was practically completed. The switchyard, formerly considered complete, required the installation of additional equip- ment because of a change in plans for power distribution. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $77,102,260 for new work and $332,054 for maintenance, a total of $77,434,314. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - $13, 000, 000 $19, 800, 000 $17, 200, 000 $4, 079, 000 $3, 426, 200 $77, 204, 014 Cost__ 14, 432, 062 17, 860, 994 14, 894, 524 9, 408, 207 13, 711, 791 77, 102, 260 Maintenance: Appropriated 15, 000 346, 500 361, 500 Cost - - 2330, 999 330, 999 1 Does not agree with Form 3011 by $77,542. This was the credit balance of the Project Office on June 30 1953, and not considered in the total cost of permanent work to end of last fiscal year. (In accordance with instructions on back of Form 1239 FY 1953). Line 3, column for 1954 and the total column worked in accord ance with instructions on back of form. The last column is total allotment less unexpended balance on June 30.-Form 3011. 2 Plus $1,055 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 $2, 170, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --..... ...............-.. ... .- . ....- 2, 170,000 8. MACON, GA. Location. This project is on the west bank of the Ocmulgee River and extends from the Fifth Street Bridge at Macon, Ga., downstream 13,000 feet, thence westward from the river to the Southern Railway embankment, a total of 5.5 miles. The city of Macon, Ga., is 205 river miles above the junction of the Ocmulgee and Oconee Rivers, which form the Altamaha River 137 miles from the Atlantic Ocean. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Georgia.) Existing project. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 560, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) This provides for increasing the height and cross section of the existing levee, which is 2.4 miles long, and con- structing an extension to that levee for 3.1 miles, with appurtenant structures. The project was completed October 13, 1950, and turned over to local interests January 5, 1951, for operation and maintenance. The total cost for the completed work was $363,- 580.49. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Due to a minor construction deficiency, which was unforeseen at the time of com- pletion of the project, the Office, Chief of Engineers directed that the project be reopened, and under date of April 2, 1954 issued an allotment for $26,515. The cost for engineering and design was $169 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was reopened. The total cost to June 30, 1954 was $363,750. FLOOD CONTROL-SAVANNAH, GA., DISTRICT 345 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated _ $184, 000 -- $45,420 $26, 515 $390, 095 Cost_ 209, 617 $102, 248 4 165 363,645 1 Plus $105 pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ......... $26, 450 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 . --...... . . . . . . 26, 450 9. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Augusta, Savannah River, Ga----------------_ 1941 $643, 016 ------------- Completed 2. Emergency flood-control work under author- 1949 $6, 531 Do ity of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, as amended. 3. Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 1950 8,772 Do. 2 of Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. 10. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. There were no funds appropriated for examinations and surveys during the fiscal year, and no work was done. The unexpended balance on June 30, 1954, was $405. Additional funds are not required for the fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. Noncooperative stream gaging-stream flow data: One stream gage (stage only) which is not in the cooperative program was in operation on the Altamaha River at Charlotte, Georgia during the fiscal year. This gage has been in operation by the district since 1925, and because of its loca- tion below the forks of the Altamaha River has been and continues to be an important flood reporting station. Analysis of basic data-storm studies: During the year about 50 percent of the uncompleted storm program of the district was accomplished. Flood emergency studies: Revision of the flood emergency man- ual was about 50 percent completed June 30, 1954. The total cost during the year was $3,055. The unexpended bal- ance June 30, 1954, $428, plus an allocation of $2,300, a total of $2,728, will be applied to expenses incurred under this heading during the fiscal year 1955. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of south-central Georgia and all of peninsular Florida except a small northeastern portion, em- bracing the watersheds tributary to the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico from, but not including, the harbor of Fernandina, Fla., to and including the Aucilla River. It also includes Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and other nearby islands. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Atlantic Intracoastal Water- sahatchee River to Anclote way between Norfolk, Va., 384 River, Fla ..---------------............................ and the St. Johns River, Fla. 11. Charlotte Harbor, Fla................ 387 (Jacksonville District)............ 347 12. Tampa Harbor, Fla.................... 389 2. Jacksonville Harbor, Fla....-------...... 349 13. Withlacoochee River, Fla------.......... 396 3. Oklawaha River, Fla-------...-..--........... 354 14. Removing the water hyacinth 4. Intracoastal Waterway, Jack- from navigable waters in the sonville to Miami, Fla............ 359 State of Florida-----------...................... 399 5. Canaveral Harbor, Fla............. 363 15. Inactive navigation projects...... 401 6. Fort Pierce Harbor, Fla-------............ 367 7. Port Everglades Harbor, Fla..... 369 Flood control 8. Miami Harbor, Fla.................... 373 9. Okeechobee Waterway, Fla...... 378 16. Central and Southern Florida ... 402 10. Intracoastal Waterway, Caloo- 17. General investigations..............--------.. 411 1. ATLANTIC INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN NORFOLK, VA., AND THE ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. (JACKSONVILLE DISTRICT) Location. This section includes that part of the Intracoastal Waterway between the southerly limit of Fernandina Harbor, Fla., at the junction of Lanceford Creek and Amelia River, and the St. Johns River, Fla. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 577.) (For Beaufort, S. C., to Cumberland Sound section, see p. 331.) Previous projects. The first project for the improvements of that part of the waterway was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 23, 1828, and modified by River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1874. For further details see Annual Report for 1915, page 1823, and Annual Report for 1938, page 605. Existing project. This provides for dredging and maintaining a channel 12 feet deep, with widths of 90 feet in land cuts and narrow streams and 150 feet in open waters, following in general the alinement of the existing waterway from Fernandina Harbor to St. Johns River, about 21.9 miles, with a cutoff in Kingsley Creek just north of the Seaboard Air Line Railroad bridge, and with such additional cutoffs or other changes in the adopted route as may be found desirable and justified by the resultant benefits to naviga- tion. The mean range of tide is 6.1 feet at Fernandina and 3.8 feet in the St. Johns River, with fluctuations from 1.5 to 3 feet, due to winds and lunar phases. 347 348 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The actual cost of new work was $263,659, excluding amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4, 1913 For a channel 100 feet wide and 7 feet deep -. _-_-..... H. Doc. 898, 62d Cong., 2d sess. June 20, 1938 For a channel 12 feet deep with present authorized H. Doc. 618, 75th Cong., 3d sess. widths and including a cut-off in Kingsley Creek, (Contains the latest published subject to the provision of additional cutoffs or maps.) changes in routing upon the approval of the Secre- tary of War. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal facilities along this section of the Intracoastal Waterway. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Dredg- ing by contract to restore project depth over shoals at the Sisters Creek bridge was begun February 8, and completed March 2, 1954. Contract dredge Ideal removed 34,537 cubic yards of material at a cost of $10,150. Hired labor surveys, inspections, and reports throughout the fiscal year cost $673. The total costs for the fiscal year were $10,823 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. A 7-foot channel, dredged be- tween October 1913 and February 1915, was deepened to 12 feet with present authorized widths between November 1940 and Sep- tember 1941, thereby completing the existing project. The length of the waterway was reduced 2.4 miles between May and October 1943 by making five cutoffs and widening bends at three localities. To safeguard navigation through bridge openings and to permit breaking tows when tidal conditions are adverse, 14 protective and 10 tieup dolphins have been constructed at the Sisters Creek bridge at the southerly entrance to the waterway, and 8 protective and 10 tieup dolphins have been constructed at the Kingsley Creek bridges, about 4 miles south of Fernandina. At the Kingsley Creek bridges, three of the four center protective dolphins, one on the north side and two on the south side, have been destroyed. According to surveys in July 1951 and August and September 1952, the controlling depth is 12 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $263,659 for new work and $842,835 for maintenance, a total of $1,106,494. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 349 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated_ $ _,__ _--------___-------...-_ - -, _$361, 225 Cost- - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - -361, 225 Maintenance: --- Appropriated- -_----. $1, 671 $50, 750 $4, 950 $10, 900 842, 950 Cost -- -........-...- $242 439 4, 684 54, 225 210, 838 842, 850 1 Includes $97,566 for new work for previous project. 2Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by -$15. Pending adjustment. 2. JACKSONVILLE HARBOR, FLA. Location. The St. Johns River rises in the marshes of Brevard County, Fla., near the east coast, and flows northwesterly to Jack- sonville, thence easterly into the Atlantic Ocean, 122 miles south of Savannah River. Its total length is about 285 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 577.) Previous projects. Six appropriations for surveys and experi- mental dredging on the bar were made from 1852 to 1878. Projects for permanent improvement were adopted by the River and Har- bor Acts of June 14, 1880, and June 3, 1896. For further details see page 1823, Annual Report for 1915, and page 607, Annual Re- port for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (1) A channel 34 feet deep from the ocean to Commodore Point via a cutoff channel from St. Johns Bluff (Fulton) to Dame Point and via Terminal Channel along the west bank of the river to Commodore Point, and thence 30 feet to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge at Jacksonville, with widths of 800 feet at the entrance and between the jetties, from 900 to 1,200 feet in Pilot Town Cut, from 1,050 to 1,335 feet in Mayport Cut, generally 500 feet in the St. Johns Bluff-Dame Point Cutoff, 1,200 feet at Dame Point, 590 feet in Terminal Chan- nel (with the westerly edge 60 feet from the new pierhead-bulk- head line), from 400 to 900 feet in other cuts, increasing to as much as 1,115 feet at bends, and 300 feet in Arlington Cut, which is 30 feet deep and generally parallel to Terminal Channel; (2) a depth of 24 feet between that depth contour and the pierhead line at Jack- sonville from Hogan Creek to the foot of Laura Street; (3) a depth of 28 feet to within 60 feet of the pierhead line in the area between the foot of Laura Street and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge (for- merly Duval County highway bridge) ; (4) a navigation and flood- way channel 26 feet deep and 200 feet wide along the south side of the Commodore Point terminals, terminating in deep water at each end; (5) an approach and mooring basin 20 feet deep, 1,300 feet 350 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 long at the 20-foot depth contour and 600 feet long at the pierhead line, in front of the Naval Reserve Armory in South Jacksonville; and (6) construction of training walls and revetments. All depths are referred to local mean low water. No dredging is to be done within 60 feet of a pierhead line, except at the Naval Reserve Armory. Natural depths of 34 feet or more, for adequate width, exist in midchannel from Commodore Point to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge at Jacksonville. Two converging rubblestone jetties, built at the entrance under a previous project, are maintained under the existing project. The north jetty is 14,300 feet long, and the south jetty is 11,183 feet long. The jetties are parallel and 1,600 feet apart for 4,022 feet from the sea ends. Stone training walls have been built at seven localities, involving about 7 miles of this class of structure. Stone revetments at five localities provide about 3.7 miles of shore pro- tection. The training walls and revetments are located between Dame Point and Wards Bank, near the inner ends of the jetties. About 4 miles of those structures are located along the shores of the old channel which has now been replaced by the Dame Point- Fulton Cutoff. The length of section included in the project is 26.1 miles via the cutoff channel. The mean tidal range is 5.3 feet on the bar, 4.9 feet at Mayport, 2.6 feet at Dame Point (12 miles above the entrance), and 1.1 feet at Jacksonville (St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge). The extreme range varies from about 9 feet on the bar to about 1.5 feet at Jacksonville. Strong northeasterly winds raise the water level about 2 feet at Mayport and Jacksonville. Strong southwesterly winds lower the water about 1.5 feet at Mayport and 1 foot at Jacksonville. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954, is $11,- 856,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $300,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 351 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. OPPOSITE THE CITY OF JACKSONVILLE Mar. 2,1907 A depth of 24 feet at mean low water between the H. Doc. 663, 59th Cong., 1st sess. 24-foot curve and the pierhead line at Jacksonville from Hogan Creek to the Florida East Coast Ry. bridge. ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA. June 14, 1880 Jetties at the entrance (maintenance only; new work Annual Report for 1879, pp. 767-792. completed under a previous project). June 3, 1896 Extension of jetties, etc. (maintenance of jetties only; H. Ex. Doc. 346, 53d Cong., 3d sess. new work completed under a previous project). and Annual Report for 1895, pp. 1586-1604. June 25,1910 Main channel, 30 feet deep at mean low water, and in H. Doc. 611, 61st Cong., 2d sess. general 300 feet wide (via Arlington Cut), increas- ing to as much as 600 feet at bends and through the jetties; for an anchorage basin at Mayport, 800 feet in width beyond the channel limits and for training walls and revetments, all subject to modi- fication in detail by the Chief of Engineers. ST. JOHNS RIVER, FLA., JACKSONVILLE TO THE OCEAN June 5,1920Consolidation of the above two projects to form a Specified in act. single project. July 3,1930 Widening the bend at Dame Point (to 900 feet). H. Doc. 483, 70th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening Drummond Creek, Trout Creek, and Six Senate committee print, 74th Cong. Mile Creek Cuts to 400 feet; and Terminal Channel 1st sess. 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide along the terminals at Jacksonville. Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of channel widths as they now exist; H. Doc. 322, 77th Cong., 1st sess. widening Terminal Channel (30 feet deep) to a width of 590 feet; dredging the 28-foot-depth area between the foot of Laura St. and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge; the navigation and floodway chan- nel along the south side of the Commodore Point terminals; and the approach and mooring basin in front of the Naval Reserve Armory. Do....... The 34-foot channel depth via the existing channels S. Doc. 230, 78th Cong., 2d sess.' and Terminal Channel. Do....... A cutoff channel between Dame Point and St. Johns S. Doc. 179, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' Bluff, 34 feet deep, in lieu of deepening the exist- ing channel. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Har- bor Act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages re- sulting from the improvement. It is provided that these require- ments as to the 28-foot-depth dredging between the foot of Laura Street and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge and the dredging in front of the Naval Reserve Armory may be waived or modified if in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers such action is necessary in the interest of national defense (H. Doc. 322, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The deepening of the improvement to 34 feet is subject to the additional requirement (S. Doc. 230, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will modify terminal facilities as necessary to permit full utilization of the deeper channel. A resolution adopted January 4, 1946, by the Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce, agreeing to Sig 12-351-382 352 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 comply with the above-mentioned features of local cooperation, was accepted by the Secretary of War on February 11, 1946, as satis- factory assurance of compliance. All spoil disposal areas and rights-of-way required in connection with the new-work dredging between Commodore Point and the ocean and for the cutoff channel have been furnished. Terminal facilities. There are 81 piers and wharves serving the water-borne commerce of the port. The depths of water vary from 31 feet at the larger terminals to a few feet at the inner end of the slips and at barge berths. The Jacksonville municipal ter- minals at Talleyrand Avenue consist of three piers. There are 35 other piers and wharves used for handling the waterborne com- merce of the port or mooring vessels, 11 of which are open to the public. All have railway and highway connections except nine of the smaller piers, which have highway connections only. Of the remaining piers, 26 are used in connection with shipyards and marine repair plants, 2 for recreational craft, 8 for industrial pur- poses, and 7 are not used. In addition, privately operated piers and wharves are available at Mayport, Fla., to serve the fishing industry, and facilities for serving recreational craft are available at Fulton. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 15, revised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Dredg- ing to restore project depth between Mayport and the ocean in Pilot Town and Bar Cuts was performed between November 3 and 23, 1953, with U.S. hopper dredge Gerig. Removal of 236,230 cubic yards of material, place measurement, cost $78,858. Re- moval of shoals between Drummonds Creek and Mile point cuts was performed by contract between January 8 and April 20, 1954. Dredge No. 3 and No. 5 removed 663,493 cubic yards of material at a cost of $223,992. Hired labor surveys, inspections, and re- ports throughout the fiscal year cost $8,766. The total costs for the fiscal year were $311,616 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 97 percent completed. Dredging was begun about November 1910. A channel at least 30 feet deep and of practicable width from the entrance to Jacksonville was completed in March 1922. Widening the 30-foot channel to authorized widths was completed in July 1937, except Terminal Channel, which was only 400 feet wide. Deepening the existing channels to 34 feet including widen- ing Terminal Channel to 575 feet was begun in July 1947, and was completed in December 1951. The Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff was opened to traffic in June 1951. The easterly end of Bar Cut was dredged to depths of 40 and 42 feet and 700 feet wide between April and September 1951. These depths were obtained to accommodate United States Navy aircraft carriers at no cost to the project. A depth of 24 feet was provided between the 24-foot contour and the pierhead line at Jacksonville, from Hogan Creek to the Florida East Coast Railway bridge, between October 1907 and January 1912. The two jetties at the entrance, constructed between De- cember 1880 and June 1904 under a previous project, have been maintained under the existing project. About 3,555 linear feet of RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 353 the inner end of the north jetty has been capped with concrete. All training walls and revetments considered necessary on 30-foot project were constructed between July 1892 and May 1894 by Duval County, and by the United States, under the former and existing project, intermittently between October 1903 and September 1927. The easterly end of Wards Bank training wall has been revetted with granite riprap. Material dredged near the westerly end of Bar Cut and deposited along the north side of the north jetty near the Fort George River encroachment has effectively prevented further erosion adjacent to that structure. The jetties are in fair condition except as follows: South jetty: Capstone has been dis- placed in isolated locations and at the outer 800 feet. North jetty: The north shore line has receded about 1,200 feet leaving the jetty exposed. Capstone has been displaced in the outer 300-foot sec- tion and in the 1,200-foot section seaward of the monolithic cap. The monolithic cap has been broken and concrete washed away in two locations, one 25 feet long and the other 15 feet long, near the middle of the section. Revetments and training walls: Ward Bank training wall, having been reinforced with heavy capstone at the easterly end by the Navy Department, is in good condition. The 800-foot westerly extension, a Wakefield-pile wall,, is in poor con- dition but has been reinforced at its up-stream end with rubble concrete by the Navy. Mile Point training wall is in good condi- tion. The adjacent shore at the east end is eroding. White Shells training wall is in poor condition, but prevents erosion of the shore. Fulton training walls are in good condition, however, due to Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff they are no longer in the proper location to prevent the erosion now occurring in the vicinity of Fulton, Fla. Dame Point training wall is in poor condition but is apparently pre- venting erosion. Bank erosion, apparently resulting from recent new work dredging operations, is visible at several locations, and if it continues, remedial measures will be required. These areas are (1) North bank of river from Haulover Creek (Pilot Town) to the north jetty; (2) South bank east of Mile Point training wall; (3) South bank at Fulton, and (4) North bank from Dame Point to Dunns Creek. The Matthews Bridge (fixed) crosses the river at mile 22.3. Vertical clearance over the Terminal Channel is 148.3 feet and over Arlington Cut, 86.8 feet. The controlling depths in the middle half of the channels from the ocean to Jacksonville were 34 feet except as follows: Pilot Town Cut 33.6 feet in November 1953; Mile Point Cut 33.1 feet in April 1954; White Shells Cut 33.9 feet in April 1954; and Terminal Channel 33.0 feet in June 1953. The limiting depth in the left and right outside quarters of the channels from the ocean to Jackson- ville was 28.6 feet (March 1954), a channel edge shoal in Dame Point-Fulton Cutoff. A controlling depth of 24 feet was available to the pierhead line between Hogan Creek and the foot of Laura Street in 1934 and to within 60 feet of the pierhead line, thence to the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge in 1938. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as fol- lows: Dredge the area between the foot of Laura Street and the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge to a depth of 28 feet; dredge the navigation 354 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 and floodway channel along the south side of Commodore Point terminals; and dredge the approach and mooring basin in front of the United States Reserve Armory. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular------ ------------------------------------ $11, 160,131 $11,107, 747 $22,267,878 Public works-----------------------------------------290,013 --------------- 290,013 Total--....-..-.-..-...--.--------------------. - 11, 450, 144 11, 107, 747 22, 557, 891 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated--------........ $735, 000 $1, 600, 000 $987, 000 ------------ -- $100 $14,970,281 Cost-_.....-------- 135, 442 2, 240, 169 946, 389 -$100 ------------ 14, 970, 281 Maintenance: Appropriated----...--. 58, 050 40, 000 249,500 $115, 877 $314, 620 11, 654, 150 Cost--- ----_ - 44,923 53, 977 249, 517 116, 956 2311, 875 11, 651, 405 1 Includes $3,520,137 for new work and $543,399 for maintenance for previous project. 2 Differs from "Operation and results during Fiscal year" by -$259. Pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- $406, 000 priate d for completion of existing project........................................ 3. OKLAWAHA RIVER, FLA. Location. This river has its source in the system of large lakes in the central part of the Florida peninsula and flows generally northerly, then easterly, emptying into the St. Johns River 22 miles above Palatka. The extreme head of the system may be taken as Lake Apopka, 120 miles above the mouth of the river. Previous projects. The first improvement was authorized by an act of Congress approved February 24, 1835. For further details see page 1825, Annual Report for 1915, and page 613, Annual Re- port for 1938. Existing project. This provides for deepening the channel to 6 feet at mean low water from the mouth to the head of Silver Springs Run, 57.7 miles; for clearing the channel of obstructions from Silver Springs Run to Lake Griffin, including the Kyle and Young Canal and its extension to Morrisons Landing and the J. D. Young Canal from Morrisons Landing to Starkes Ferry (clear title to the canals and sufficient land adjacent thereto to provide for future widening has been conveyed to the United States) ; and for maintaining the dikes with a view to obtaining a navigable depth of about 4 feet to Leesburg, 85.7 miles above the mouth. The work embraces dredging, snagging, making cutoffs at sharp bends, removing overhanging trees and obstructive aquatic vege- tation, and constructing a lock and dam at Moss Bluff to maintain the water level in Lake Griffin. The project includes, under main- tenance, the operation and care of that lock and dam. RIVERS AND HARBORS---JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 355 Lock and dam at Moss Bluff Distance to nearest town--. . . ..---------------------------------------- 20.2 miles by canals. Name of nearest town ...................................................................... Leesburg, Fla. Distance above mouth of river...---------....................----------------................................ 65.5 miles by canals. Distance above mouth of Silver Springs Run.................................. 13.2 miles. Width of lock chamber.....----...----------------- 30 feet. ...-------------... Greatest available length for full width.... ..................--....----.........---- 125 feet. Lift above low water...... -----------------..------------.................................... ... 16 feet. Depth on upper miter sill at normal pool level----_....----- 9 feet. ...------- Depth on lower miter sill at low water..-..-.--. - ------............. 4.5 feet. Character of foundation...................................................................... Piles in sand and clay. Character of construction--------....... ----........ .. .. Concrete, with tim- ....................---------------------... ber gates. Kind of dam-------........---------------------.................................................---....---..........----............---- Movable. --------------------------------- Type of dam--..---.....--....................................................................... Needle. Completed ..-----------------------------..............................................................---....................... 1925. Total cost---.........---.....---..............-------------.................................------------------....................... $161,000. The river is nontidal except for a short distance above the mouth at the St. Johns River, where the mean range at low-water stage is about 0.5 feet. The mean fluctuation due to rainfall is about 2 feet at the mouth, about 3 feet at the mouth of Silver Springs Run, and about 2.5 feet at Lake Griffin. The extreme fluctuation is about 3 feet at the mouth, 5 feet at Silver Springs Run, and about 4.5 feet at Lake Griffin. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $442,000, excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $21,000, including $15,000 for operation and care of the lock and dam. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Clearing the river of obstructions to obtain a navi- Annual Report for 1889, pp. 1360- gable channel about 4 feet deep from the mouth 1364. to Leesburg. Mar. 2,1907 Deepening the channel to 6 feet at mean low water H. Doc. 782, 59th Cong., 1st sess. from the mouth of the river to the head of Silver Springs Run. June 25, 19101 Maintenance of levels in the lakes at the head of the Specified in act. July 25, 1912f river. July 27,1916 Acceptance of certain artificial waterways and exten- Specified in Act. sions thereof between Heather Island and Lake Griffin as part of the waterway in lieu of portions of the natural bed of the river. (1) Operation and care of the lock and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropri- tions for rivers and harbors. 1Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. The latest published maps are in House Document No. 514, 63d Congress, second session, and Annual Report for 1891, page 1626. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are numerous privately owned land- ings along this river, more or less in disrepair, and a municipal wharf at Leesburg; no charges for wharfage. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The lock and dam at Moss Bluff were operated and maintained and the 356 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 buildings and grounds were cared for by hired labor at a cost of $9,246. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $751. The total costs for the fiscal year were $751 for maintenance and $9,246 for operations and care, a total of $9,997. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 70 percent completed. By dredging, making cutoffs, and snagging intermittently between January 1892 and June 1914, a clear chan- nel with a depth of about 6 feet at ordinary stages was obtained to a point about 32 miles above the mouth and thence about 4 feet deep to the head of Silver Springs Run, 57.7 miles above the mouth. A channel 4 feet deep at mean low water and 30 feet wide between Silver Springs Run and Moss Bluff lock was dredged between late 1924 and November 1929. A lock and dam at Moss Bluff were con- structed between about March 1923 and late 1925. For further details relative to this lock, see paragraph "Existing project". The United States reservation comprises 13.0 acres of land, two dwellings, a storehouse, and other small buildings. Most of the original dredging of the canal between Heather Island (6.3 miles above the mouth of Silver Springs Run) and Starkes Ferry near Lake Griffin was done by private interests between 1911 and 1923. Between June 1929 and June 1930, the canal between Moss Bluff lock and Starkes Ferry was enlarged to 8 feet deep by 50 feet wide to provide for control of Lake Griffin. The dike on the east side of the canal was repaired and improved as a maintenance feature from June to December 1936. Although the river below Moss Bluff lock was in poor condition from fallen and overhanging trees, at the close of the fiscal year it was open and passable. The dikes below the lock are in poor con- dition. High waters created by necessary heavy discharge of water through the dam have developed numerous weak points. Repairs are necessary. The valves on the lock gates are leaking and the fender system is in poor condition; otherwise, the lock and dam were in fair condition. The controlling depths at normal stages were approximately as follows: Mouth of the river to Silver Springs Run, 4.0 feet; Silver Springs Run, 5.5 feet; and Silver Springs Run to Leesburg, 4 feet. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of easing several sharp bends and obtaining project dimensions in the section between the mouth of the river and the head of Silver Springs Run. Completing the project is not considered necessary at this time. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $311,352 for new work, $337,746 for maintenance, and $191,- 761 for operation and care, a total of $840,859. In addition, $11,414 were expended between August 1, 1929, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of the improvement under the pro- visions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such pur- poses. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 357 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated --- ------------ --... .......------------------------ $315,264 Cost--------- ----------------------------------------------- ----------- 315, 264 Maintenance: Appropriated _ $20, 350 $15, 631 $14, 000 $11, 552 $9, 800 541, 582 Cost---------- ------- 20, 838 16, 003 12, 619 13, 109 29, 987 540, 912 1 Includes $3,912 for new work for previous projects and $11,414 for operating and care under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. 2 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by +$10. Pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- $131,000 priated for completion of existing project............................------------ 4. INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, JACKSONVILLE TO MIAMI, FLA. Location. The waterway extends from Jacksonville to Miami, Fla., following the St. Johns River to the mouth of Pablo Creek, 20 miles, and thence following in general the line of a canal con- structed by the Florida Coast Line Canal & Transportation Co. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 842-847.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 15, 1844, July 13, 1892, August 18, 1894, and Deficiency Act of February 26, 1896. For further details, see page 1825, Annual Report for 1915; page 655, Annual Report for 1926; and page 618, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an inland waterway 12 feet deep at local mean low water and generally 125 feet wide from Jacksonville to Miami, with such modifications in cutoff and other questions of alinement as may be required by the Chief of Engi- neers; for a turning basin 8 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 800 feet long in the vicinity of Jacksonville Beach, Fla. (essentially provided by local interests in connection with dredging to provide fill for highway at no cost to the United States) ; for an entrance channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Intracoastal Waterway to and including a turning basin of the same depth, 300 feet wide and 600 feet long, at Sebastian, Fla.; and for a basin 8 feet deep extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to the east- erly shore, about 1,140 feet wide at the waterway and 280 feet wide at the shore line, at or near Vero Beach, Fla. The length of the waterway is 370 miles, of which 21 miles are included in the project for improvement of Jacksonville Harbor, Fla. The proj- ect also includes the operation and maintenance of the Palm Valley highway bridge, the title to which was passed to the United States, along with all other property of the Florida Coast Line Canal & Transportation Co., under the conditions of local cooperation. The mean range of tide is 3.8 feet at the St. Johns River, 0.7 foot in the Indian River at Fort Pierce, 1.8 feet in Lake Worth at the Port of Palm Beach terminals, 2.3 feet at the Port Everglades terminals, and 2 feet in Biscayne Bay. The extreme range is about 7 feet at the St. Johns River, 1.5 feet at Fort Pierce, and 3 feet in Biscayne Bay. Tidal effect is imperceptible at points along the waterway distant from inlets. 358 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954, is $26,- 251,000 excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $322,000, including $20,000 for the operation and care of the bridge near Palm Valley. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21,1927 For a channel 8 feet deep and 75 feet wide from Jack- H. Doec. 586, 69th Cong., 2d sess. sonville to Miami. July (, 1930 Fora width of 100 feet__ -------.-.--. Doc. 71, 71st Cong., 2d sess. .------- (1) Operation and care of the bridge near Palm Valley provided for with funds from War Department ap- propriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 26,1937 Turning basin in the vicinity of Jacksonville Beach._. H. Doc. 180, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' Mar. 2,1945 A channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide ----------- 2 H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 2 Do....... A side channel and basin at Sebastian-..-..-.- H. Doec. 336, 76th Cong., 1st sess.2 Do....... ......... A basin at Vero Beach .............-- H. Doec. 261, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The conditions imposed by the River and Harbor Acts approved January 21, 1927, and July 3, 1930, have been fully complied with, including furnishing suitable spoil dis- posal areas for subsequent maintenance of the improvement as and when required. Subsequent acts authorizing enlargement of the waterway have imposed the same requirement with respect to spoil disposal areas for maintenance. The Florida Inland Navi- gation District, a special taxing district empowered by State law to comply with certain features of local cooperation, was requested to furnish additional spoil disposal areas in perpetuity for a 25- year maintenance program in the southerly and northerly halves of the waterway on May 15 and July 1, 1944, respectively. Numer- ous areas have been furnished and the Navigation District is actively engaged in securing other areas by negotiation, or, when necessary, by condemnation. The areas are being furnished at a satisfactory rate. Temporary spoil disposal areas for maintenance have been and are being furnished as and when required. The work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, is subject to the condition that local interests provide, free of cost to the United States, all lands and rights-of-way necessary for the improvement and for its subsequent maintenance when and as required, and to the further condition that local interests pro- vide, without cost to the United States, suitable highway connec- tions and a bulkhead along the south side of the basin on plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, and agree to maintain said bulkhead and the land approaches thereto as a public terminal open to all on equal terms. A resolution adopted by the city council of Jacksonville Beach, Fla., agreeing to comply with those conditions, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on October 18, 1945, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. The lands needed for rights-of-way and spoil disposal have been furnished. A highway from Jacksonville to Jacksonville Beach, opened to traffic on De- cember 14, 1949, satisfied the requirements as to highway con- nections. RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 359 All work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of- way and spoil disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improve- ment. The act imposed additional requirements as follows: (1) Deepening the waterway to 12 feet is subject to the conditions (H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) that local interests bear the cost of all alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures made necessary by the improvement and that, if for any cause the Secretary of War finds it advisable, he may cause proceedings to be instituted in the name of the United States for acquirement by condemnation or otherwise of any lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas needed for the improvement, after receipt of assurances satisfactory to him from responsible local agencies that they will reimburse the United States for the costs; (2) pro- vision of a side channel at Sebastian is subject to the condition (H. Doc. 336, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) that local interests give as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will pro- vide and maintain suitable terminal facilities open to all on equal terms; (3) provision of the basin at Vero Beach is subject to the requirements (H. Doc. 261, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) that local inter- ests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will protect the shore line with an adequate bulkhead, and provide, maintain, and operate terminals adequate for full utiliza- tion of the improvement, open to all on equal and reasonable terms. A resolution adopted August 2, 1946, by the Florida Inland Navigation District was accepted by the Chief of Engineers De- cember 24, 1946, as satisfactory assurance that the Navigation District will furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas, needed for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required, and will hold and save the United States from damages resulting from the construction and maintenance of the 12-foot project. The Naviga- tion District assumes no responsibility for the additional require- ment that local interests bear the cost of all alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures made necessary by the im- provement (H. Doc. 740, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), as it is not empow- ered by State law to comply with such features of local cooperation. The bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures are owned by various individuals and public and private corporations. Most of those structures were constructed under permits issued by or under authority of the Secretary of War. Alteration of all bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures, made necessary by the improvement, can properly be required of the owners under exist- ing Federal law. Procurement by the Navigation District of the required rights-of-way and temporary spoil disposal areas for new work is virtually complete for some sections of the waterway, and is well advanced and actively in progress in others. The Navi- gation District states that it is in a position to furnish all remain- ing areas in a short time after it is evident that funds will become available. No delays due to lack of suitable rights-of-way and 360 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 spoil disposal areas, nor to alterations of bridges, cables, pipelines, and other structures made necessary by the improvement, are expected. A resolution adopted by the city of Vero Beach on August 8, 1945, agreeing to comply with the features of local cooperation pertaining to the basin at Vero 'Beach, was accepted by the Secre- tary of War on November 28, 1945, as satisfactory assurances of compliance. On March 14, 1946, local interests were informed as to the requirements imposed in connection with the provision of a side channel at Sebastian, but no assurance of compliance with those requirements has been received. Local interests have stated that participation by them in meeting local cooperation require- ments is contingent upon the prior opening of Sebastian Inlet. Terminal facilities. Extensive terminals with railway and street connections are available at Jacksonville and Miami. Ter- minals with railway and highway connections, for coastwise ves- sels have been constructed at Fort Pierce (Indian River), Riviera (Lake Worth), and Port Everglades Harbor. Municipal piers or wharves have been constructed at Titusville, Courtenay, Cocoa, Melbourne, and Vero Beach for handling general freight, and at St. Augustine, Daytona Beach, New Smyrna Beach, Eau Gallie, West Palm Beach, and Miami for the use of recreational craft. At Daytona Beach, Titusville, Eau Gallie, and Fort Pierce, yacht basins open to the public have been provided. They are connected with the Intracoastal Waterway by channels 6 to 8 feet deep and 80 to 100 feet wide. At Fort Pierce a channel 6 feet deep and 80 feet wide has been dredged by the United States from the Intra- coastal Waterway to and up Taylor Creek to the U. S. Coast Guard buoy depot. There are also a number of privately owned piers, wharves, and landings at various points along the waterway. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (For further details on facilities at Jacksonville, Fort Pierce Harbor, Port of Palm Beach, Port Everglades, and Miami, see Port Series Nos. 15 and 16, revised 1947, and Port and Terminal Facilities Report, 1941, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The following table shows work accomplished during the fiscal year. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 361 Work and locality Plant Period Quantity Cost New work: Contract: Dredging to enlarge existing Clinton and July 1 to November 19, 2, 030, 032 $315, 861 channel to 12 by 125 feet Admiral 1953. cubic yards. between Haulover Canal and Eau Gallie, about 41.8 miles (in progress and 38 percent completed at begin- ning of fiscal year). Maintenance: Contract: Dredging to 9-foot depth over Hallandale_. Intermittently be- 69,240 cubic 71,382 critical shoal areas between tween July 1 and yards. Vero Beach and Miami, October 10, 1953 Fla. (in progress and 29 per- (clean up operations cent completed at beginning extended to January of fiscal year). 6, 1954). Dredging to remove shoals Ideal- ..... March 3, to June 30, 337,478 cubic 71,009 with depths less than 12 feet 1954 (88 percent com- yards. between St. Johns River pleted). and Eau Gallie. Hired labor: Real estate management.......----...-------------- Fiscal Year _.----------------_ 7 194 Surveys_ --------------------------------- Fiscal Year------------------------- 3,820 Inspections and reports-----.....---------------....... Fiscal Year ______-------------- _ 10 637 Total Maintenance------------- ------------------------------------ 164, 042 Operating and Care: The steel and concrete, double-leaf bascule highway bridge near Palm Valley was operated and maintained by hired labor throughout the fiscal year at a cost of $19,241. The total costs for the fiscal year were $315,861 for new work, $164,042 for maintenance, and $19,241 for operation and care, a total of $499,144. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 43 percent completed. A channel 8 feet deep at local mean low water and 100 feet wide was dredged between March 1930 and May 1935. The northerly 171 mile section between the St. Johns River and Eau Gallie was enlarged to 12 by 125 feet between June 1951 and November 1953, except for a small plug, about one mile long, at Daytona Beach. The plug was left because of the pro- posed reconstruction of a highway bridge and realinement of the channel. The turning basin at Jacksonville Beach was essentially completed by local interests in connection with dredging to pro- vide fill for the approaches to the McCormick Bridge in 1949, at no cost to the project. A steel and concrete, double-leaf bascule highway bridge near Palm Valley, to replace the temporary pon- toon bridge at that locality was constructed between September 1936 and July 1937 at a cost of $117,917. The existing channel widths are reduced at 54 localities by bridges, with a limiting horizontal clearance of 51 feet at the Deer- field Beach Bridge. 362 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 When last surveyed the controlling depths were as follows: Dredged dimensions Minimum depths in channel entering from north Reach Date of survey Left Midchannel Right Length Width Depth outside for half outside (miles) (feet) (feet) quarter project width quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) St. Johns River to Jun 1953 and St. Augustine. Mar 1954.... 37 125 12.0 8.6 10. 9 9.7 St. Augustine to Jun 1953- Matanzas Inlet. Apr 1954.... 13 125 12.0 10.9 12.0 10.7 Matanzas Inlet to Nov 1951- Ponce de Leon In- Jun 1953...... 52 1125 112.0 18.3 18.8 17.7 let. Ponce de Leon Inlet Jun 1953 and to Haulover Canal Jun 1954..... 28 125 12.0 11.4 12.0 9.9 bridge. Haulover Canal Nov 1953...... 44 125 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0 bridge to Eau Gallie. Eau Gallie to Fort Jul 1952 ....... 51 100 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 Pierce. Fort Pierce to St. Sep 1953....... 21 100 8.0 6.4 5.9 5.4 Lucie Inlet. St. Lucie Inlet to Sep 1953....... 102 100 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 Miami Harbor. 1 Old 8- x 100-foot channel being used pending removal of plug (see par. above). The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Complete enlargement of the waterway to 12 by 125 feet; provide a side channel and basin as Sebastian; and provide a basin at Vero Beach. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: RegularRegular Public works Total fund funds Cost: New work_____ _ __- __ ____-___-------------$9,104, 519 $2,199, 842 $11, 304, 361 Maintenance--. -_------ -------- 3,838,752---- - 3,838, 752 Operation and care____________________________________ .228,200 -___________- 228, 200 Total----.---------. ----- __--------------_ _ 13,171,471 2,199,842 15,371,313 RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 363 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 195012 New work: Appropriated--------........ $7,000 $500, 000 $2, 150, 000 $1,019, 200 $10, 100 $11, 405,174 Cost----------------- 11,934 126, 643 1, 874, 217 1, 356, 540 315, 861 11, 399,136 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 95,091 205, 993 15, 302 156, 811 113, 100 4,307, 536 Cost..----------------- 94, 318 188, 841 41, 012 62, 336 a 182, 930 4,283,000 1Includes $94,775 for new work and $213,222 for maintenance for previous projects and $3,179 on operat- and care of the works of improvement under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. In addition $5,500 was expended for maintenance from contributed funds. ' Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by $+354. Pending adjustment. Other new work data: $6,039 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------.................---... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending 6,039 June 30, 1955-............................---...........---------------- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- 941, 000 pletion of existing project................................................. 5. CANAVERAL HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida in Canaveral Bight, about 146 miles south of the entrance to Jacksonville Harbor and 69 miles north of the entrance to Fort Pierce Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and ,Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1245.) Existing project. This provides for a turning basin 27 feet deep at mean low water and 1,000 feet wide, with lengths of 900 feet on the north side and 2,900 feet on the south side, near the easterly shore of Banana River and inclosed by a dike; an en- trance channel 27 feet deep and 300 feet wide extending from the turning basin through the barrier beach, thence flaring to 400 feet wide at the 27-foot contour in Canaveral Bight, protected at its seaward entrance by two jetties to the 12-foot depth contour; a barge canal 8 feet deep at local mean low water and 100 feet wide from the turning basin to the Intracoastal Waterway; and a lock 50 feet wide and 250 feet long to pass the barge canal through the dike inclosing the turning basin. The entrance channel is about 1.8 miles long and the barge canal about 7.6 miles long. The total length of the project is 9.8 miles. Present plans will provide for only the north jetty to extend to the 12-foot contour; the south jetty will extend to the 8-foot contour. Data relative to the proposed lock Distance to nearest town.......................................... 10.7 miles via 8-foot barge canal and Intracoastal Waterway. Name of nearest town------.. ------------...-------... Cocoa Fla. Distance from Intracoastal Waterway Channel.. 7.2 miles. 50 by 250 feet. Lock dimensions ---..----------..--.........--------.........---............... Varies with the tide. Lift-............................................................-- feet mean low water. Depth on sills.............................................------------------ Piles in sand. Character of foundation-----.............--------------............... None. Kind of dam---------.....................................---------........... $2,129,000. Estimated cost.........................-------------------------............. The mean range of tide is about 3.5 feet and the maximum range about 6 feet. Onshore winds generally raise the water level from 4 to 6 feet above mean low water. There is no perceptible tidal 364 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 effect in Indian and ,Banana Rivers in the general vicinity, but the level of the water is considerably affected by winds, northerly winds causing a lowering of the waters and southerly winds caus- ing them to rise above normal. Easterly winds cause a rise at the western shores and westerly winds a rise at the eastern shores. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954, is $4,320,- 000 including $850,000 contributed by local interests, but excluding $90,000 received from the sale of dredged material. The estimate also includes $665,000 for construction of jetties, but excludes $183,188 maintenance funds for emergency construction of land- ward section of the south jetty. The latest (1954) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $84,300, including $29,600 for operation and care of the lock. The existing project was au- thorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 367, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The authorized work is subject to the con- ditions that local interest contribute 50 percent of the estimated first cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $850,000, and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will: (1) Furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas required for the improvement and its subsequent maintenance, when and as re- quired; (2) construct, without cost to the United States and in accordance with plans approved by the Secretary of War, adequate piers, slips, warehouses, and transit sheds, a precooling plant with a capacity of at least 120,000 standard boxes of citrus fruit per week, a shipside citrus packing plant with a capacity of at least 50,000 standard boxes per week, direct and adequate highway con- nections between the port terminals and the mainland and all bridges made necessary by the entire improvement; (3) agree to operate and maintain, free of cost to the United States, all port facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms; (4) agree to receive and pay for at the rate of 6 cents per cubic yard not less than 1,500,000 cubic yards of material to be dredged by the United States from the barge canal or turning basin and deposited upon the right-of-way for the causeway carrying the highway between the port terminals and the mainland; and (5) provide, operate, and maintain, free of cost to the United States, adequate railroad connections between the port and the rail lines on the mainland when the Secreary of War shall require it. An act of the Florida State Legislature in 1939, as amended in 1941, created the Canaveral Port District in Brevard County, and a governing body known as the Canaveral Port Authority with authority to construct and maintain in the district a deep-water harbor with terminal facilities; to borrow not to exceed $5,000,000 through the issuance of revenue certificates and bonds; and to levy an ad valorem tax on real and personal property in the port dis- trict. Bond issues are to be ratified by the freeholders of the port district in a public election. By letter dated February 22, 1947, the Canaveral Port Authority informed the district engineer that the authority had caused plans and specifications for the essential port facilities to be prepared by RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 365 contract. On January 19, 1949, the Canaveral Port Authority adopted a resolution agreeing to assume full responsibility for the requirements of local cooperation. That resolution was accepted by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on November 21, 1949, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. A bond issue of $1,365,000 for meeting certain of the requirements of local cooperation was sold September 29, 1949. On November 28, 1949, the port au- thority contributed the required $850,000 toward the cost of the improvement, and has tendered payment of $90,000 for purchase of 1,500,000 cubic yards of material to be dredged by the United States from the barge canal and turning basin and deposited upon the right-of-way for the causeway carrying the highway between the terminals and the mainland. All rights-of-way and spoil dis- posal areas required for original dredging have been furnished. Plans and specifications for a bulkhead wharf were approved by the Secretary of the Army on November 10, 1952. Terminal facilities. An 800-foot marginal wharf on the north side of the turning basin accommodates shrimp and commercial fishing boats. A 400-foot marginal wharf was constructed on the south side of the basin and is operated by the Canaveral Harbor Port Authority. Improvements in that area consisting of provid- ing access roadways and utilities are planned by the port authority. The Canaveral Corporation has contracted for construction of an 80,000 barrel capacity storage tank on the south side of basin. A 55,000 barrel tank with facilities for gasoline and jet fuel and delivery pipe lines to the harbor and barge canal at the west dike are planned for the future. Operations and results during fiscal year. The following tabu- lation shows works accomplished during the fiscal year. Work and locality Plant Period Quantity Cost New work: Contract: Construction of north - December 15, 1953, Foundation blank- $365, 655 jetty and seaward ex- to June 30, 1954 et stone 10,321 tension of south jetty. (78 percent com- tons, core stone, pleted). 3,260 tons, cap stone, 14,755 tons, filter stone, 748 tons, riprap 2,250 tons. Hired labor: Engineering ..--------....--- 9,580 Total new work ._.....--- 375, 235 Maintenance: Contract: Construction of shore- - July 1to November 2,880 c.y. excava- 169, 785 ward section of south 10, 1953. tion, 3,502 S.F. jetty (in progress at piling, 16,579 tons beginning of fiscal year riprap. and 18 percent com- pleted). Hirredlabor: Dredge to remove ob- U.S. Hopper August 4 to 20, 321,826 c.y. (bin 95, 421 structive shoaling and dredge Lyman 1953. measurement). increase constricted cross section. Surveys--------------------------- 3,196 Inspection and reports....------------------ 417 Total maintenance-.... ...-......... 268, 819 366 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The total costs for the fiscal year were $375,235 for new work, including $50 contributed funds, and $268,819 for maintenance, a total of $644,054. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 50 percent completed. The 8-foot-depth barge canal, the 27-foot- depth turning basin, and barrier cut to the 12-foot contour in the ocean were dredged between June 1950 and January 1952. Fill was placed on the causeway site and the dike was constructed con- current with dredging. The dike separates the west section of barge canal from the remainder of the barge canal and other project works. The entrance channel seaward of the 12-foot contour was dredged from January to March 1952. Project di- mensions were not obtained in the ocean section as the work was terminated at 90 percent completion due to lack of progress. Emergency construction of the shoreward section of a south jetty, 813 feet long, and revetment, 445 feet long, was started in June and completed in November 1953. That construction was financed with Operation and Maintenance, General funds. The north jetty 1,150 feet long and revetment 300 feet long were constructed between December 1953 and June 1954. Seaward extension of south jetty has not yet started. Condition of the en- trance channel has, in general, gradually improved with pro- gressive completion of north jetty. Shoaling near south bank has moved westward. Waves overtopping south revetment causes erosion. It appears that a bar is beginning to form in the entrance channel seaward of the jetties. The beach adjacent to the south jetty has advanced seaward, the shoreline now being about one- third the length of the jetty from the shore end of jetty. Since construction of north jetty, considerable material has accumu- lated on both north and south sides, with most extensive changes occurring on north side. When last surveyed controlling depths were as follows: Project Controlling depths entering from seaward Name of channel Left Midchannel Right Date surveyed Length Width Depth outside for half outside (miles) (feet) (feet) quarter project width quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) Entrance channel 0.6 400 to 300 27.0 20.0 25.0 20.5 April 1954. Land cut-------..... 1.0 300 27.0 + 3.5 18.0 14.8 Do. Turning basin.... 0.6 1,000 27. 0 25. 1 25. 2 21.5 April and May 1953. Barge canal, east section..... 0.8 100 8.0 8.3 8.7 8.4 November 1951. Barge canal, west section.. 6.8 100 8.0 8.0 8.5 8.5 July 1950 and January 1951. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is extend under existing contract, the south jetty to planned length and con- struct the lock. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 367 Federal Contributed Total Costs: New work---------------------------------------- $1,254,898 $940,000 $2,194,898 Maintenance. --------------- ------------------------- 430,632- ------ - 430,632 ----------------------- Total----...........----....--------.... 1,685,530 940,000 2,625,530 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated_- __.-- ,i ...........- ,-- - $40, 500 $10, 000 $610, 000 $1, 491, 000 Cost.------------ --- $90, 142 $640, 495 189, 701 31, 981 1 377, 358 1, 257, 070 Maintenance: Appropriated_- -- _.......... _----------- _----------- 335, 450 95,400 850 430, Cost--------- ------------------------------------ 161,814 1 268,960 430,773 Differs from "Operation and Results during Fiscal year" by $--2,173 new work and $-141 maintenance. Pending adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954................ $41,043 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending Ju ne 30, 1955 ................ ........... ........... .. ........ 41,043 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project....................................................................... 1,979,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to19501 New work: Appropriated -------- $940,000 ----- ------ -- - $940,000 Cost-------------- 183, 862 $326, 931 $426, 862 $2, 6 $50 940, 000 1 Includes $90,000 received from local interests in payment for 1,500,000 cubic yards of material for cause- way fill-a local cooperation requirement. 6. FORT PIERCE HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida, about 218 miles south of the entrance to St. Johns River and about 124 miles north of the entrance to Miami Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 582.) Existing project. This provides for the maintenance, enlarge- ment, and deepening of the project developed by private interests, to provide a channel 350 feet wide at the 27-foot contour in the ocean, tapering to 200 feet wide at station 100+00 near the west- erly side of the inlet, thence 200 feet wide across Indian River to station 30+00, and thence flaring on the southerly side to form a turning basin 1,650 feet long on the northerly side, 750 feet long on the southerly side, and 900 feet wide, the depth to be 25 feet in the basin and in the channel to station 130+00, and thence 27 feet to the 27-foot contour in the ocean; and for maintenance of the jetties at the ocean end of the inlet, and of shore revetments within the inlet in prolongation of the jetties. The two parallel rubble- 368 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 stone jetties with revetment extensions, constructed by local in- terests to protect the entrance, are 900 feet apart, the north jetty and revetment being about 3,500 feet long, and the south jetty and revetment about 3,200 feet long. The length of the section in- cluded in the project is about 3.5 miles. The mean range of tide is about 2.6 feet at the entrance and 0.7 foot at the terminal, with northeast tides as high as 5 feet above mean low water. The actual cost of new work was $337,183. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Deficiency Act of The expenditure of $20,000 for dredging the channel, Specified in Act. Mar. 4, 1931. provided that local interests agree to maintain said channel. War Department The expenditure of up to $30,000 for dredging the Do. Appropriation channel. Act, Mar. 4, 1933. Aug. 30, 1935 (main- For maintaining the channels, jetties, and revetments, H. Doc. 252, 72d Cong., 1st tenance included and enlarging the channels and turning basin to the sess. Rivers and Harbors in Public Works existing project dimensions. Committee Doo. 21, 74th Administration Cong., 1st sess. (Contains program, Sept. 6, latest published maps.) 1933). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of two earth-filled piers re- tained by steel sheet piling and forming a slip 200 feet wide by 330 feet long with bulkhead wharf at inner end. These facilities afford a berthing space of about 1,653 feet. The south pier and the bulkhead wharf are municipally owned, the pier having a berthing space of 524 feet, with depths of 25.5 to 18 feet. A ware- house (in poor condition, needs extensive repairs) 75 by 280 feet is on the municipal pier, and a precooling plant 102 by 365 feet occupies the north pier, just landward of which is another ware- house, 50 by 100 feet. A fruit-packing house 170 by 390 feet is at the west end of the slip. The north pier is served by railway and both piers by highway connections. North of the turning basin there is a bulkhead wharf with a depth of 15 to 12 feet with ample room for open storage, and with tank storage in the rear for petroleum products. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port and Terminal Facilities Report, 1941, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: U.S. hopper dredge Lyman removed 153,190 cubic yards of material, bin measurement, from shoals throughout the project, February 15 to March 9, 1954, at a cost of $55,864. Hired labor survey cost $1,973. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $701. The total costs for the fiscal year were $58,538 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in February 1938. Dredging was begun in July 1936 and completed in February 1938. Restoration of the jetties originally constructed by local interests was begun in October 1933, and completed in August 1934 as a maintenance feature. Both jetties RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 369 are in good condition. The revetments are in poor condition; both are ragged, with nearly vertical faces along the water side, resulting from loss of numerous stones into the water. The westerly 500 feet of the south revetment is in very poor condition; of that section, the westerly 200 feet has disappeared and needs replacing to prevent further shore erosion. Stones should also be replaced in the adjacent 300 feet of that section. The controlling mean-low-water depths in March 1954 were as follows: Project Controlling depths entering from seaward Name of channel Midchannel Left Right Width Depth outside for half outside (feet) (feet) quarter project width quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) -- - - - --- i - - 1- -- 1 - - - 1- Bar cut- .....- - - - - - 350 to 270 27 26.0 26.2 26.0 Land cut (between revetments)-_- 270 to 225 25 27.3 25.5 25.0 Channel across Indian River ....... 200 25 27. 7 26.1 25.3 Turning basin............-...--. 200 to 900 25 25.0 25.5 25.0 The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total ' Regular- .---------- . ... -$337,- 183 $527, 000 $864, 183 Public works _... .......... 250, 000 250, 000 Total ......... - - .- . ....... - 337, 183 777,000 1,114.183 Cost and .financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 - i . . .. . .. . -- New work: Appropriated. _ $337,183 Cost . ...... -...-. ..... 337,183 Maintenance: Appropriated.Cs -. _ $65,463 $2,511 $24, 704 $2, 213 $58,400 777,148 Cost_ _ S 65,463 2,511 24,704 1,928 1 58,585 777,047 1 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by $-47. Pending adjustment. 7. PORT EVERGLADES HARBOR, FLA. Location. On the east coast of Florida, about 23 miles north of Miami and about 48 miles south of Palm Beach Harbor, Fla. The site of the harbor is in Lake Mabel. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 546.) Existing project. This provides for the maintenance, enlarge- ment, and deepening of the improvements constructed by local interests to provide a channel 500 feet wide at its seaward end, converging to 400 feet at the jetty entrance, thence converging to 370 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 300 feet at a point 1,000 feet within the jetty entrance, and thence 300 feet wide, and flaring at the inner end to a turning basin 1,200 feet long and 2,250 feet wide over the major portion of its length, all to a depth of 35 feet at mean low water; and the maintenance of two converging rubblestone jetties constructed at the entrance to protect the channel, and of two parallel steel-sheet-piling bulkheads 800 feet apart to protect the land points of the inlet from erosion. The entrance channel is about 7,300 feet long. The jetties are 700 feet apart at the outer ends and 1,200 feet apart at the shore ends. The north jetty is angular and about 1,450 feet long; the south jetty is straight and about 1,250 feet long. Both jetties, which were originally built to 6 feet above mean low water with top widths of 6 feet at the shore ends and 12 feet at the sea ends, and with side slopes of 1 on 11/2, have been reconstructed, and enlarged in part, as follows: outer 900 feet of north jetty and outer 460 feet of south jetty were raised to plus 8 feet, mean low water, with top width of 12 feet, and slopes of 1 on 2 and with granite mounds at the seaward ends, 24 feet in diameter and 15 feet above low water. The mean range of tide is 2.5 feet at the entrance and 2.3 feet at the terminals; the extreme range is about 4.5 feet, with storm tides of about 6.5 feet. The actual cost of new work was $2,200,538. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $42,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3,1930 Maintenance of the harbor as constructed by local H. Doc. 357, 71st Cong., 2d sess. interests. Aug. 30, 1935 For enlarging the entrance channel to existing project Rivers and Harbors Committee dimensions and completing the turning basin to Doc. 25, 74th Cong., 1st sess. 1,200 feet square. June 20,19388 For enlarging the turning basin by adding a trape- H. Doc. 545, 75th Cong., 3d sess. zoidal area 350 feet wide on the north side. July 24,1946 For general widening of the turning basin by 200 feet H. Doc. 768, 78th Cong., 2d sess. on the north and 500 feet on the south, and for (Contains latest published maps.) enlarging the flare of the entrance channel at the basin. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Acts approved Au- gust 30, 1935, and June 20, 1938, imposed the condition, among others, that local interests provide suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material for maintenance. In addition, the latter act included the requirement that local interests agree to provide the slips, piers, and other terminal facilities necessary for the full utilization of the improvement. A resolution adopted January 26, 1939, by the Broward County Port Authority, agreeing to provide suitable and sufficient slips, piers, and other terminal facilities necessary for the full utilization of the improvement, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers February 20, 1939, as satisfactory as- surance of compliance with that part of the required local cooper- ation. In partial compliance with the conditions, the port authority has provided slip No. 2 described below under "Terminal facilities." All other requirements affecting original construction as imposed by the two acts have been fully complied with. Sufficient tempo- RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 371 rary spoil disposal areas have been furnished for maintenance as and when required. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, imposed the conditions that responsible local interests agree to (1) provide, free of cost to the United States, all necessary lands and rights-of- way and suitable spoil disposal areas, diked as necessary, for new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) promptly dredge and bulkhead slip No. 3 and the berth at the east end of pier No. 3 on completion of the improvement in the southern part of the turning basin by the Government; and (3) hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the work. A resolution adopted by the Broward County Port Authority on October 23, 1947, assuming responsibility for compliance with the above provisions of local cooperation, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on October 30, 1947, as satisfactory assurance of com- pliance. All new-work spoil areas and easements in perpetuity for required rights-of-way have been furnished. Slip No. 3 has been dredged to the dimensions and depth stated below under "Terminal facilities." While not required under the conditions of local cooperation, the Broward County Port Authority, in 1946, partially completed dredging an area of about 125,000 square feet on the westerly side, and within the project limits, of the 500-foot extension to the southerly side of the turning basin. Terminal facilities. These consist of seven commercial wharf facilities at Port Everglades owned and operated by Broward County Port Authority, all open to the public. They are on the three slips that have been dredged off the turning basin. Slips No. 1 and 2 are 35 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and are respectively. 1,200 feet and 700 feet long, with steel-sheet-pile bulkheads on both sides of each slip and at the end of slip No. 1. Slip No. 2 was so con- structed as to permit future extension to a length of 1,200 feet. Slip No. 3, 1,200 feet long and 300 feet wide, is 35 feet deep but is inactive at present due to construction in progress of steel-sheet- pile bulkhead on the northerly side of slip No. 3 and the southerly 330 feet at the head of pier No. 1. This work, scheduled for com- pletion on November 1, 1954, will complete the 497 feet of bulk- heading at the 1head of pier No. 1, and the 1,200 feet on the south side of this pier and will add three additional wharf facilities, mak- ing a total of ten for the port. A modern steel transit shed, 75 by 1,120 feet, has been constructed on pier No. 2; a privately operated precooling plant on pier No. 1; and a privately operated cement storage warehouse 150 by 200 feet has been constructed on pier No. 4. A new transfer bridge (loading ramp) for the operation of the railway car ferry vessels of the Suwannee Trainferry Lines, Inc., has been constructed and is in operation at the landward end of slip No. 1. All wharves have railway and highway connections and pipeline connections to one or more of the 15 storage depots for petroleum products, one of which is also for blackstrap molasses. The facilities are considered inadequate for the existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 16, revised 1947, Corps of Engi- neers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- 372 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tract dredging in the turning basin in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year was completed July 13, 1953. Dredge Hallandale removed 101,237 cubic yards of material at a cost of $87,448, which cost covers 779,780 cubic yards removed in prior year but not costed in that year. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $1,400. The total costs for the fiscal year were $88,848 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in January 1949. Local interests dredged an entrance chan- nel 210 feet wide, 35 feet deep, and about 6,900 feet long, from the ocean to a partially completed turning basin 1,200 feet square, and constructed two converging angular-stone jetties to protect the entrance channel and two steel-sheet-pile bulkheads to protect the land points. The United States enlarged the entrance channel to project dimensions, completed the 1,200-foot-square turning basin to a depth of 35 feet, widened it to a maximum width of 2,250 feet, and enlarged the flare of the south side of the entrance channel at the basin between December 1936 and January 1949, and recon- structed the jetties as a maintenance feature between May and September 1932. The seaward end of the south jetty was straight- ened in connection with jetty repairs between June and August 1940 (see paragraph "Existing project"). Both jetties are in good condition. The steel-sheet-pile bulkhead at the inner end of the south jetty is in poor condition, and the similar bulkhead on the north side of the land cut is in fair condition. The sheet piling, except for a short section at the seaward end, was cut off at the low- tide line during construction for concrete capping, which was never placed. The tie-back piles and deadman timbers have been vir- tually destroyed above earth line by marine borers. When last surveyed (February and November 1953) the con- trolling depths at mean low water were as follows: Project Controlling depths entering from seaward Name of channel Midchannel Width Depth Left Right outside Left Right outside quarter inside inside quarter quarter quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Outer bar cut_ _ _ 500 to 300 35.0 29. 1 35. 7 36. 1 30. 5 Bar cut .__________.. __.. . ___ .____ 300 35.0 24.8 36.8 36.9 32.7 Flare to turning basin__ 300 to 1,000 35.0 35.4 35.4 36.0 35.4 Turning basin.....___ .... _________________ 2,250 35.0 34.5 35.0 35.4 34.6 The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954 have been $2,200,538 for new work and $498,846 for maintenance, a total of $2,699,384. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 373 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ...... -$2, 316--------- $2, 200, 538 Cost....... ----....----------------------------------- ......---------------- ...---------- 2, 200, 538 Maintenance: Appropriated _ - 17, 705 $148 $2, 450 $147, 800 -$5, 100 498, 852 Cost------.........- - 20, 854 148 2, 584 53, 711 188, 855 498, 852 1 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by $-7.Pending adjustments. 8. MIAMI HARBOR, FLA. Location. Miami is near the northerly end of Biscayne Bay, about 335 miles southeasterly from the entrance to Jacksonville Harbor. Miami River has its source in the Everglades and flows southeasterly to enter Biscayne Bay at Miami. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 547 and 1248.) Existing project. This provides for the following: (1) A channel 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide from the 30-foot contour in the ocean to near the outer end of the north jetty, thence 300 feet wide through the entrance and across Biscayne Bay to and including a turning basin 1,400 feet long and 1,350 feet wide on the westerly side of Biscayne Bay in front of the municipal terminals at Miami; (2) two parallel rubblestone jetties at the entrance, 1,000 feet apart and 3,000 and 2,750 feet long, respectively; (3) an approach channel 300 feet wide and a turning basin of irregular shape about 2,000 feet square, both 30 feet deep, at Virginia Key, and dredging 12,060,000 cubic yards of material from the bay bottom in addition to that to be dredged from the approach channel and turning basin to provide fill for the island, with such modifications as in the dis- cretion of the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; (4) a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the mouth of Miami River to the turning basin at the munici- pal terminals; (5) a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the mouth of Miami River to the Intracoastal Waterway and thence 100 feet wide to Government Cut; (6) a channel at the mouth of Miami River, 15 feet deep at mean low water, 250 feet wide at the outer end and tapering to 170 feet wide at Brickell Point in a dis- tance of about 1,400 feet; thence a channel in Miami River, 15 feet deep under flood conditions, 150 feet wide for 3 miles, thence 125 feet wide for 1.1 miles, and thence 90 feet wide for 1.4 miles; (7) a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Miami River to a har- bor of refuge in Palmer Lake, the location of the harbor of refuge and channel leading thereto being subject to modification at the discretion of the Chief of Engineers; (8) an approach channel 6 feet deep and 700 feet wide to the harbor line at the seaplane base at Dinner Key, with an enlargement at the inner end and with a channel 8 feet deep and 50 feet wide along the easterly edge of the widening. The plane of reference is mean low water, except for the 15-foot channel in Miami River where depths are based on flood conditions. The total length of the waterway under improvement is about 17.7 miles, including about 6 miles of entrance channel from the ocean 374 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 to and including the turning basin at the municipal terminals, 1.6 miles of approach channel to Virginia Key, 5.8 miles in Miami River, 3.5 miles in the connecting channels leading therefrom into the bay, and 0.8 mile at Dinner Key Airport. The mean tidal variation is 2.5 feet at the entrance and 2 feet in the bay. The extreme variation is about 4.5 feet at the entrance and 3 feet in Biscayne Bay. Strong easterly winds raise the water level about 1.5 feet at the entrance and 1 foot in the bay. Strong westerly winds lower the water level about 1 foot at the entrance and about 0.5 foot in the bay. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954, is $14,- 837,000, excluding $23,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $75,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents MIAMI RIVER July 3,1930 The 15-foot channel in Miami, 150 feet wide at the Specified in act. mouth. (1) The channel at the Dinner Key Airport-----------.............. S.Doc. 95, 72d Cong., 1st sess. and specified in act.s MIAMI HARBOR June 13,1902 An 18-foot channel in a land cut across the peninsula H. Doc. 662, 56th Cong., 1st seas. and construction of the north jetty. (Annual Report, 1900, p. 1987.) Mar. 2,1907 Construction of the south jetty and increase of chan- Specified in act. nel width to 100 feet. July 25,1912 Enlarging the channel to 20-foot depth and 300-foot H. Doe. 554, 62d Cong., 2d sess. width and extending the jetties. Mar. 4,1913 Modification of local cooperation requirements im- Specified in act. posed by the act of July 25, 1912. Mar. 3,1925 A channel 25 feet deep with present project widths H. Doc. 516, 67th Cong., 4th sess. from the ocean to Biscayne Bay thence 200 feet wide across the bay to but not including the muni- cipal turning basin, and extension of both jetties. July 3, 1930 A channel width of 300 feet across the bay and en- Rivers and Harbors Committee larging the municipal turning basin, with expendi- Doc. 15, 71st Cong., 2d sess. tures thereon limited to $200,000. Aug. 30,1935 A depth of 30 feet from the ocean to and in the turn- Senate Committee Print, 73d ing basin, with the existing authorized project Cong., 2d sess. widths, including the 300-foot width in the channel across the bay. Aug. 26,1937 Rivers and Harbors Committee Extending the turning basin 200 feet to the southward. Doe. 86, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2,1945 The Virginia Key improvement----....-------------S8. Doe. 251, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' Do....... For incorporation of the project for Miami River in H. Doc.91, 79th Cong., 1st sess.' that for Miami Harbor, the widening at the mouth of Miami River to existing project widths; the channels from the mouth of Miami River to the turning basin and to Government Cut; and the channel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge, provided that local interests contribute one-third of the cost. 1 War Department Appropriation Act approved July 14, 1932. ' Contains latest published maps. * Included in the Public Works Administration program Jan. 3, 1934. Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Har- bor Act approved March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and suitable spoil disposal areas for the initial work and subsequent maintenance, as and when re- quired, and hold and save the United States free from claims for RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 375 damages resulting from the improvement. Additional require- ments imposed by that act are as follows: (1) The Virginia Key improvement is subject to the conditions that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide auxiliary channels and suitable airport and harbor terminal facilities at Virginia Key generally in accordance with the plans submitted by the district engineer and subject to such modifica- tions as the Chief of Engineers may require, and provide such oper- ating facilities as the United States may require; (2) the provision of a channel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge is subject to the conditions that local interests contribute one-third of the initial cost of the channel, furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide and maintain suitable depths in the harbor of refuge and construct and maintain ade- quate mooring facilities therein, and agree that, at any time upon the approach of a hurricane or severe storm and specifically upon the request of the district engineer or his authorized represent- ative, the refuge basin will be open to all without charge until storm danger is past. On March 21, 1945, local interests were informed as to the re- quirements of local cooperation imposed in connection with the Virginia Key improvement. No assurance of compliance with those requirements has been received. On September 5, 1945, the Com- mission of the City of Miami, Fla., adopted a resolution agreeing to assume responsibility for compliance with the local cooperation requirements imposed in House Document No. 91, Seventy-ninth Congress, first session, except those pertaining to the channel from Miami River to the harbor of refuge in Palmer Lake. On May 9, 1946, that resolution was accepted by the Secretary of War as satisfactory assurance of partial compliance. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Termiial facilities. These consist of 38 piers and wharves of which one is on Fisher Island, 5 are along the south side of Mac- Arthur Causeway, 7 are on the west side of the Bay at Miami, and 25 are on Miami River. Seven of the facilities are open to the public for handling general cargo. Four of these, including three municipal piers on the west side of the Bay and a privately owned wharf near the east end of the MacArthur Causeway, can accom- modate deep-draft vessels. The other three general cargo facilities are suitable for small vessels, and include the Florida East Coast Railway wharf south of the municipal piers, and two privately owned wharves on Miami River. All of the general cargo wharves have highway and railway connections, except the causeway ter- minal, which has highway connections, only. A municipal yacht anchorage and basin, and a municipal wharf are open to the public for recreational craft. Of the remaining piers and wharves, 4 in the bay and 3 on Miami River are used for handling petroleum products, 17 are used in connection with ship repair activities, and 6 are used for mooring vessels or handling private freight. Three of these facilities have railway connections, and all have highway connections except a petroleum wharf on Fisher Island. In addi- tion, numerous landing facilities in and around Miami, especially on Miami River, are designed for and used exclusively by recre- 376 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ational craft. The facilities are considered inadequate for the existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 16, revised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. Maintenance: Hired labor maintenance of United States reservation and bank revetments throughout year cost $9,696. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $3,297. The total costs for the fiscal year were $12,993 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 49 percent completed. The main 30-foot entrance channel from the ocean to and including the turning basin was dredged progressively between August 1904 and March 1939. A land cut 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide was dredged across the peninsula to Biscayne Bay between August 1904 and October 1923; a channel 25 feet deep from the ocean to and including the former municipal turning basin at Miami (200 feet wide across the bay, and following the aline- ment of the former municipal channel) was dredged between July 1926 and December 1933, and was deepened to 30 feet, including widening the channel across the bay to 300 feet and enlarging the turning basin, between April 1934 and March 1939. A channel 15 feet deep at mean low water and 150 feet wide along the land point at the mouth of Miami River for 1,400 feet, and thence northerly along the bay front for about 1,200 feet, and a channel in Miami River for 5.5 miles above its mouth, 15 feet deep under flood con- ditions and of project widths, were dredged between March 1932 and August 1933. The channels at the Dinner Key seaplane base were dredged between February and August 1933. These facilities are no longer used by aircraft, and the Dinner Key base was taken over by the City of Miami in 1947, converted to accommodate pleas- ure boats, and is now known as the Dinner Key Marina. The two stone jetties at the entrance were constructed to the 18-foot con- tour between March 1904 and October 1908, extended 405 feet each in 1922, and extended to their present lengths between September 1926 and March 1929. The north jetty and revetment is 4,688 feet long, and the south jetty and revetment is 3,850 feet long. The south jetty, both revetments, and that part of the north jetty landward of the low tide shore line in the ocean are in good condition. Seaward of the low-tide shore line the north jetty is in fair condition; that section was damaged during the hurricane of November 1935. Numerous pieces of granite were dislodged from the upper part of the jetty and now rest on the ocean bed along the jetty. At several points in the jetty, the crest has been lowered to the plane of mean high tide. No sand encroachment toward the channel has taken place through the lowered sections. When last surveyed, the controlling depths were as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 377 Project Controlling depths, mean dimensions low water Name of channel Date Left Midchannel Right surveyed Width Depth outside for half outside quarter project width quarter Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Main entrance: From ocean through land cut and across Biscayne Bay_ ... .... 500 to 300 30.0 .... 30.0 --------- May 1953. Turning basin .------------- 1,350 30.0 27.0 28.9 26.9 Do. Miami River: Biscayne Bay to South Fork, Miami River-__ 150 i 15 8.4 12.1 9.1 June 1944. South Fork, Miami River to Tamiami Canal_ 125 1 15 10.4 13.6 10.8 Do. Tamiami Canal to 36th St. bridge 90 115 6.9 Do. Dinner Key Airport: Approach channel 2 _-_ __- 700 6 5.7 5.7 5.7 May 1940. Channel along easterly edge of widening 50 8 8.0 8.0 8.0 1935. SUnder flood conditions. 2 This channel is not used by aircraft. It is now used as entrance channel to Dinner Key Marina. Breakwater now lies across 700-foot channel at its junction with Turning Basin. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as fol- lows: Provide an approach channel and turning basin 30 feet deep at Virginia Key, and dredge 12,060,000 cubic yards of material from the bay bottom, in addition to that to be dredged from the approach channel and turning basin to provide fill for the island; widen the channel ,t the mouth of Miami River by 20 to 100 feet for 1,400 feet; widen the existing channel along the southerly end of Bayfront Park north of Miami River to 200 feet, and thence pro- vide a channel 15 feet deep and 200 feet wide to the turning basin in front of the municipal terminals; provide a channel 8 feet deep, 200 feet wide from the mouth of the river to the Intracoastal Wa- terway, and thence 100 feet wide to Government Cut; and provide a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Miami River to a harbor of refuge in Palmer Lake. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total I Regular- ....--- -.--------- -..........-..... $5,016,248 $1,579,822 $6,596, 070 Public works...... ---------............. 2,202,126 - _ 2,202,126 Total........ . ---------- ... 7, 218,374 1, 579, 822 8, 798,196 378 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated__ _--- - .... ----- -........- -$268 $7, 218, 374 Cost -- ------------- $39 -$39 .--..---------.------------ 7, 218,374 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------- 12, 300 13, 539 14, 600 $12, 500 $11, 950 1, 580, 131 Cost----------------- 93, 291 12, 847 14, 780 11, 691 1 12, 402 1, 579, 231 1Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by $+591. Pending adjustment. 2 In addition $23,000 to be contributed by local interests. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project ..-----...........................................-------- $7, 619, 000 9. OKEECHOBEE WATERWAY, FLA. Location. Caloosahatchee River has its source in Lake Okee- chobee and flows generally southwesterly, emptying into the Gulf of Mexico through San Carlos Bay, about 30 miles south of the en- trance to Charlotte Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Charts Nos. 473, 1247, 1255, and 1289.) Lake Okeechobee is a large, fresh-water lake in south-central Florida. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) St. Lucie Canal was constructed by the Everglades Drainage Dis- trict as a control canal for Lake Okeechobee. It begins at about the middle of the east shore of Lake Okeechobee, and empties into the south fork of the St. Lucie River at St. Ludie lock. The length of the canal is 23.9 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) St. Lucie River, South Fork, flows north from the entrance of the St. Lucie Canal about 7.4 miles to Stuart, where it joints North Fork to form the St. Lucie River, thence east, southeast, and east about 7.7 miles, emptying into the Indian River opposite St. Lucie Inlet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Charts Nos. 1247 and 1289.) Taylor Creek is formed by several small streams in central Okeechobee County, and flows generally southeasterly, emptying into Lake Okeechobee at its most northerly extremity. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1289.) (For description of above waterways see p. 705, Annual Report for 1932.) Previous projects. Original projects for Caloosahatchee River below and above Fort Myers were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882, and August 11, 1888, respectively. The next project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved June 25, 1910, which authorized the present project depths in Caloosahatchee River from Fort Myers to the Gulf of Mexico, with a turning basin at Fort Myers, and was modified by the River and Harbor Acts approved July 3, 1930, and August 30, 1935, under the title "Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drain- age areas, Florida," to provide, among other things, for a navi- gable channel across the State and for control of Lake Okeechobee, including construction of locks at Ortona and Moore Haven. For further details see page 1828, Annual Report for 1915; page 707, Annual Report for 1932; pages 878-888, Annual Report for 1948; RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 379 and pages 785 and 831, Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. This provides for (1) Replacing old locks Nos. 1 and 2, St. Lucie Canal, by a single new lock with a usable width of 50 feet, a usable length of 250 feet, a depth of not less than 8 feet over the sills, and a new weir structure; (2) a channel 8 feet deep from Fort Myers to the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart, with widths of 90 feet from Fort Myers to Moore Haven, thence 80 feet along the southerly shore of the lake to the hurri- cane gate at Clewiston, thence 100 feet across Lake Okeechobee to and in the St. Lucie Canal to St. Lucie lock, and thence 80 feet to the Intracoastal Waterway; (3) a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the project turning basin to the existing municipal yacht basin at Fort Myers; (4) a basin 8 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 400 feet long at Stuart; and (5) under maintenance, the oper- ation and care of St. Lucie lock. The project also includes maintenance of features completed under previous projects as follows: (1) A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Punta Rasa, about 3.8 miles, thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Fort Myers (Edi- son Memorial Bridge), about 16.3 miles, with a turning basin at that point; (2) a channel in Taylor Creek 6 feet deep when the lake is at elevation 12.56 mean sea level, and 60 feet wide from the town of Okeechobee into the lake, 4 miles; (3) a navigation chan- nel 6 feet deep and 80 feet wide following in general the south shore of Lake Okeechobee from Clewiston to the St. Lucie Canal, 36.7 miles; and (4) the operation and care of the Moore Haven and Ortona Locks. The total length of the waterway from the Gulf of Mexico to the Intracoastal Waterway is about 154.6 miles via the channel across Lake Okeechobee, or about 165.3 miles via the channel along the south shore of the lake. On July 1, 1947, mean sea level datum, which is 1.44 feet above the Lake Okeechobee datum previously used between the St. Lucie and Ortona locks, was adopted for use throughout the project. Project depths are based on minimum water elevations referred to mean sea level, as follows: Feet St. Lucie River, Indian River (Intracoastal Waterway) to St. Lucie lock ...... -- 0.49 St. Lucie Canal and Lake Okeechobee St. Lucie lock to Moore Haven lock.... 13.00 Caloosahatchee Canal, Moore Haven lock to Ortona lock .................................... 10.06 Caloosahatchee River, Ortona lock to the Gulf of Mexico ............................... ----0.88 The following table shows the principal features of the locks and dams (spillways are maintained under the flood control proj- ect for Central and Southern Florida). 380 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 St. Lucie Canal Caloosahatchee Canal St. Lucie lock' Moore Haven Ortona lock and dam lock' and dam I I Distance from Lake Okeechobee.... . 23.9 miles -__ 15.5 miles. Nearest town (Florida).-.....-....- Stuart, 8 miles ..- Moore Haven, La Belle, 8 miles. 3 0.75 mile. Lock dimensions a..............__ ___ 50 x 250 feet -_____ 50 x 250 feet- ..... 50 x 250 feet. Lift with minimum water elevations ...... 13 feet . .......... 2.5 feet-.... ...... 11.5 feet. Depth over sills: Upper------------- ----- 13.8 feet_...__-____ 10 feet.... . ..-.- 12 feet. Lower_----- --------- 12.2 feet-... . ---- 11 feet..-.. . ..... 11 feet. Character of foundation... -.. Pile.___- Pile_-.. ----. Pile. Kind of dam.... __ Movable -... __ None_ __----- Movable. Type of construction: Lock........--- ................ _ Concrete and steel- Concrete and steel- Concrete and steel- sheet piling. sheet piling. sheet piling. Dam ........... ........ ...... Concrete, Tainter- Concrete, Tainter- gate controlled. gate controlled. Date of completion. - $2,019,335--------- 1935....... . 1937. Actual cost._- __-___ ------ $556,850 .. $856,904. Old lock No. 2, constructed by Everglades Drainage District, is adjacent to the new lock and serve s as an auxiliary. This lock is 30 by 130 feet in the clear, with a limiting depth of 6 feet on the lower sill. 2 Combined hurricane gate and lock. 3 Width of chamber and greatest length available for full width. SSubstantially completed in 1943 except for the installation of the Tainter gates in the dam in 1950. b Includes $79,474 for removing old lock No. 1. The mean range of tide at Punta Rasa is 1.7 feet and at Fort Myers, 0.7 foot. The extreme range is about 4.5 feet at Punta Rasa and about 2 feet at Fort Myers. At low-river stage, tidal influence is perceptible at the Ortona lock, 57.3 miles above Punta Rasa. The mean range of tide at St. Lucie Inlet is 2.6 feet and the ex- treme range, about 4.5 feet. Tidal effect is perceptible to St. Lucie lock, 15.1 miles. Lake Okeechobee is maintained, so far as possible, between elevations 13 and 15 feet, mean sea level. The estimate of Federal cost for new work, approved in 1954, excluding amounts expended on previous projects, is $3,809,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $232,500, including $119,000 for operation and care of locks. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: '------------- Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 For construction of a new lock and weir structure in Rivers and Harbors Committee St. Lucie Canal. Doc. 28, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Mat. 2, 1945 For deepening to 8 feet, with present widths, from H. Doc. 696, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Fort Myers to the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart via the existing channel along the southerly shore of the lake to Clewiston and a channel across Lake Okeechobee. Do..... For a channel from the project turning basin to the H. Doc. 736, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' municipal yacht basin at Fort Myers; and for a basin at Stuart. (2) Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act of June 26, 1934. Local cooperation. All work authorized by the River and Har- bor Act approved March 2, 1945, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 381 easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas when and as required for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The provision of a channel from the project turning basin to the municipal yacht basin at Fort Myers and of a basin at Stuart is subject to the additional require- ments that local interests provide, maintain, and operate adequate mooring and servicing facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms, make additional improvements to protect the Fort Myers yacht basin from wave action, and inclose the Stuart basin in accordance with plans to be approved by the Chief of Engineers. A resolution adopted November 10, 1945, by the IBoard of Com- missioners of the Okeechobee Flood Control District (an agency created by the State of Florida to comply with the requirements imposed by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930) agreeing to comply with the requirements of local cooperation imposed in reference to deepening the waterway to 8 feet between Fort Myers and the Intracoastal Waterway (H. Doc. 696, 76th Cong., 3d sess.) was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on February 18, 1946, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. All lands and spoil disposal areas required for the initial work of deepening the waterway to 8 feet have been furnished. On July 28, 1949, the Okeechobee Flood Control District adopted two resolutions trans- ferring the agreements, commitments, and assets of the Okeecho- bee Flood Control District to the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District. On July 14, 1949, the Central and South- ern Florida Flood Control District adopted a resolution accepting the assets of the Okeechobee Flood Control District and assuming its agreements and commitments as of midnight July 31, 1949. On November 25, 1949; the Chief of Engineers authorized the Jacksonville district engineer to notify both districts that the sub- ject transfer was satisfactory to the Corps of Engineers. A resolution adopted November 17, 1949, by the City Council of Fort Myers, agreeing to comply fully with all the requirements in connection with the side channel at Fort Myers as set forth in House Document 736, Seventy-Ninth Congress, second session, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on January 23, 1950, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. On March 14, 1945, the chamber of commerce and city of Stuart, Fla., were requested to furnish a similar resolution in respect to the basin at Stuart, but no action has been taken. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In the vicinity of Fort Myers on the Caloo- sahatchee River, these consist of three freight piers, one railroad terminal pier, one municipal recreation pier, four privately owned piers, and a municipal yacht basin. A mooring basin has been provided at La Belle. There are numerous small wooden-pile landings along the upper Caloosahatchee River, along the lake shore, on St. Lucie Canal, and on St. Lucie River, including one railroad terminal pier, a municipal pier, and a pier for handling petroleum products at Stuart. A marginal wharf 30 feet long and other limited facilities with highway and railway connections are available on Taylor Creek at the town of Okeechobee. The facili- 382 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Re- moval of shoals from St. Lucie River between St. Lucie lock and the Intracoastal Waterway was accomplished with leased plant, December 30, 1953, to January 31, 1954. Dredge No. 1 removed 97,539 cubic yards of material at a cost of $41,546. Grading of spoil material from above operations by hired labor cost $3,517. Removal of shoals in Caloosahatchee River near Ortona lock was accomplished by leased plant, March 11 to 17, 1954. Dredge Admiral removed 24,385 cubic yards of material at a cost of $18,094. Spoil material from that job was graded by hired labor at a cost of $353. Hired labor removal of floating and submerged snags and obstructions cost $242. Hired labor surveys, inspec- tions, and reports cost $10,245. Operating and care: Moore Haven and Ortona locks on the Caloosahatchee Canal and St. Lucie lock on the St. Lucie Canal were operated and maintained by hired labor throughout fiscal year at a cost of $50,056. The total costs of all work for the fiscal year were $73,997 for maintenance, and $50,056 for operation and care, a total of $124,053. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 99 percent completed, Construction of St. Lucie lock and spillway at the lower end of St. Lucie Canal near Stuart was begun in Au- gust 1939 and completed in June 1943 except for installation of Tainter gates in the spillway, which was completed in March 1950. An auxiliary lock gate has been installed in the upstream end of old lock No. 2. That lock, constructed by the Everglades Drain- age District, is adjacent to and supplements the new lock. Dredg- ing to deepen the waterway to 8 feet between Fort Myers and the Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart, with overdepth in St. Lucie Canal, begun in June 1948, was completed, together with dredging to provide a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide to connect the project turning basin at Fort Myers with the municipal yacht basin, August 9, 1950. Features completed under the previous project and maintained under the existing project are as follows: A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Punta Rasa, and thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to Fort Myers, with a turn- ing basin at that locality, January 1911 to January 1913; the im- proved Caloosahatchee Canal and River channel from Moore Haven to Fort Myers, 56.5 miles, providing a floodway and naviga- tion channel at least 7 feet deep and 90 feet wide, and with a dis- charge outlet capacity of 2,500 cubic feet per second from Lake Okeechobee, February 1931 to June 1937; a channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide in St. Lucie River between Palm City bridge and St. Lucie lock, about 2.8 miles, September to December 1931; a channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide in Taylor Creek from the town of Okeechobee to Lake Okeechobee, about 4 miles, July 1936 to March 1938; 58.3 miles of navigation channel from Moore Haven lock to St. Lucie Canal, generally 8 feet or more deep with a mini- mum width of 80 feet, following in general the south shore of the lake, January 1932 to March 1936; a lock at Ortona, and a com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 383 bined lock and hurricane gate at Moore Haven, November 1934 to June 1943. For work constructed under previous projects and now main- tained under the flood control project for central and southern Florida, see paragraph "Existing project," central and southern Florida. For information relative to the St. Lucie, Moore Haven, and Ortona locks, see table in the paragraph "Existing project." Depths in excess of 8 feet exist in the St. Lucie Canal and across Lake Okeechobee by following in general the south shore of the lake. St. Lucie Canal was constructed 8 feet deep and 150 to 165 feet wide by the Everglades Drainage District between 1916 and 1928 as a control canal for Lake Okeechobee. The controlling depths when last surveyed were as follows: Gulf of Mexico to Funta Rasa, 12 feet for a width of 200 feet in August 1950; Punta Rasa to Fort Myers, 10 feet for a width of 100 feet in August 1950; Fort Myers to Ortona lock, 8 feet for a width of 90 feet in August 1950; Ortona lock to Lake Okeechobee at Moore Haven, 8 feet for a width of 90 feet in April 1949; Lake Okeechobee from Moore Haven to St. Lucie Canal via south-shore channel, 9 feet for a width of 50 feet in April 1949; via Liberty Point floodway chan- nel and open lake, 5 feet for a width of 60 feet in April 1950; via Clewiston approach channel, 8 feet for a width of 100 feet in March 1950; Lake Okeechobee to St. Lucie lock, 9 feet for a width of 80 feet in November 1949; St. Lucie River from the lock to Intracoastal Waterway near Stuart, 8 feet for a width of 80 feet in March 1950; and Taylor Creek from the town of Okeechobee to Lake Okeechobee, 6 feet for a width of 60 feet in February 1949. The present controlling channel width of 80 feet is reduced to 50 feet at locks and at 19 localities by bridges. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to dredge a basin 8 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 400 feet long at Stuart. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $3,803,447 for new work, $415,762 for maintenance, and $836,789 for operation and care, a total of $5,055,998. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19541, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19502 New work: Appropriated-- ---........ $300, 000 -$48, 830 ------------ $20, 025, 723 Cost---_ --- 553, 253 25, 683 ------------ 20, 025, 723 Maintenance: Appropriated- ...-.. 361, 000 62, 000 $131, 396 $134, 305 Cost----------------- 354, 236 172, 347 136, 269 135, 805 3$119, 500 122, 212 8, 773, 475 8, 831,860 1 Includes $16,222,275 for new work and $7,581,150 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $500,000 for new work and $1,000 for maintenance were expended on previous projects from contributed funds. a Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by $+1,841. Pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project____....-...... ...-......................................... $5 ,000 Sig 13-383-414 384 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 10. INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, CALOOSAHATCHEE RIVER TO ANCLOTE RIVER, FLA. Location. The waterway extends from the mouth of the Caloo- sahatchee River at Punta Rasa, Fla., to the mouth of Anclote River, Fla., following in general an almost continuous series of protected inside waterways along the Gulf coast of Florida. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1255-1257.) Previous projects. Adopted by the following river and harbor acts: For the improvement of the inside passage from Punta Rasa to Charlotte Harbor (Pine Island Sound), act of June 13, 1902; for Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet), act of August 30, 1935; for Sara- sota Bay (including Little Sarasota Bay), acts of September 19, 1890, June 3, 1896, March 2, 1907, March 2, 1919, and August 26, 1937; and for Channel from Clearwater Harbor through Boca Ciega Bay to Tampa Bay, acts of June 25, 1910, and March 2, 1919. For further details see page 291, Annual Report for 1904; page 776, Annual Report for 1918; page 662, Annual Report for 1938; pages 720, 724-725, and 733-734, Annual Report for 1940; pages 692-694, Annual Report for 1941; and page 767, Annual Report for 1945. Existing project. This provides for improvement of the section of the Intracoastal Waterway from the Caloosahatchee River, Fla., to Anclote River, Fla., to a depth of 9 feet at mean low water and a width of 100 feet, including deepening the existing 100-foot- wide entrance channel at Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet) ; and for the construction of a highway bridge over the land cut at Venice, the operation and maintenance of the bridge to be assumed by local interests. In the area between Venice and Lemon Bay, the Secre- tary of the Army, acting through the Chief of Engineers, is au- thorized to use the original or such other route as may be deemed feasible by the Chief of Engineers and approved by the Secretary of the Army. Two parallel jetties 300 feet apart, each 659.4 feet long and consisting of 19 steel-sheet-pile cylinders connected by steel-sheet-pile curtain walls, together with the wood-sheet-pile bulkhead extensions and riprap shore revetments, were con- structed at the Caseys Pass entrance under a previous project and are maintained under the existing project. The waterway will include the existing improved channels in Pine Island Sound from Punta Rasa to Charlotte Harbor, in Little Sarasota Bay and Sara- sota Bay from Nokomis to Tampa Bay, through the entrance from the Gulf of Mexico at Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet), and in Boca Ciega IBay from Clearwater Harbor to Tampa Bay. On Novem- ber 4, 1949, the Secretary of the Army tentatively approved a modification of the route between Caseys Pass and Lemon Bay to provide a channel through Venice approximately paralleling Park Boulevard. The total length of the waterway is 147.8 miles; the length of the entrance channel at Caseys Pass is 0.67 mile. The mean ranges of tide are 1.7 feet at Punta Rasa, 1 foot at Port Boca Grande, 1.4 feet in Tampa Bay at Anna Maria, and 2 feet at the entrance to Anclote River. The extreme ranges are about 4.5 feet at Punta Rasa, about 3 to 4 feet between Port Boca Grande and Corey Causeway over Boca Ciega Bay, and about 5.5 feet at RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 385 the entrance to Anclote River. Southerly winds over the area gen- erally raise the water level by 1 to 1.5 feet; northerly winds lower the water level by 1 to 2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954, is $5,760,- 000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The lat- est (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $87,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1945 The 9-by 100-foot channel, deepening the existing H. Doc. 371, 76th Cong., 1st sess. channel through Caseys Pass to 9 feet; and con- (Contains the latest published struction of a highway bridge at Venice, operation maps). and maintenance to be assumed by local interests. June 30, 1948 Use of the original or one of three designated alter- Specified in act. native routes between Caseys Pass and Lemon Bay, provided that the cost to the United States shall not exceed the cost of the original route. May 17, 1950 Use of such previously authorized routes or any other Specified in act. route in the Venice and Lemon Bay area as may be deemed feasible by the Chief of Engineers and ap- proved by the Secretary of the Army. Local cooperation. The act which adopted the project imposed the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil dis- posal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement; and give as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will as- sume maintenance and operation of the highway bridge to be con- structed near Venice. The West Coast Inland Navigation District, a special taxing district created by the Florida State Legislature in 1947 to comply with requirements of local cooperation, adopted a resolution on July 28, 1947, furnishing assurances of compliance. That resolution was approved by the division engineer on Septem- ber 19, 1947, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. Upon request, the district engineer furnished the West Coast Inland Navigation District maps showing the spoil areas and rights-of-way to be acquired for the sections of the waterway from Tampa Bay to Anclote River and for Caloosahatchee River to Tampa Bay on May 7 and July 15, 1948, respectively. The Navigation District has indicated that it is ready to take immediate action toward procurement of lands required for rights-of-way and spoil disposal upon request of the district engineer. On April 13, 1950, the West Coast Inland Navigation District adopted a resolution obligating itself to pay $59,770, representing the esti- mated excess cost for constructing the Park Boulevard route over that of the original route. That resolution was forwarded to the Chief of Engineers on May 5, 1950. Terminal facilities. These consist of one phosphate-loading wharf at Port Boca Grande; 1 municipal concrete pier, 1 railway pier, 1 freight wharf, 1 marginal wharf 500 feet long on the ter- minal island, and 10 privately owned landings, all at Sarasota; 6 wharves along IBoca Ciega Bay; and a number of small, privately 386 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 owned piers and wharves at various points along the waterway for use of commercial fishing boats and recreational craft. The :mu- nicipal pier and the freight wharf at Sarasota are open to the public. The railway pier at Sarasota is used mainly for storing Pullman cars. All other piers have highway connections only. The facilities are considered adequate for the; existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Hired labor inspections, reports, and preliminary planning for repairs to Caseys Pass bulkheads and jetties cost $3,828. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 3 percent completed. Work has been limited to completion of about 28 percent of the required detail planning. Under previous projects, channels, following in general the alinement of the proj- ect waterway, have been dredged and jetties constructed as fol- lows: Work Depth Width Length Dates (feet) (feet) (miles) Channel from Punta Rasa through Pine Island 7 100 26 April to October 1903. Sound to Charlotte Harbor. Channel in Little Sarasota Bay from Nokomis to 4 50-75 18 1898 to June 1927. Sarasota. Channel in Sarasota Bay from Sarasota to Tampa 7 100 38 October 1891 to July Bay. 1939. Entrance channel from the Gulf of Mexico at 8 100 0.67 June to October 1937. Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet). Two jetties, each 659.4 feet long and with bulkhead ... ............-...-....- February to July 1937. extensions at Caseys Pass (maintained under the existing project). Channel from Tampa Bay to Boca Ciega Bay_, 8 100 1.25 January to July 1920. Channel through lower Boca Ciega Bay to Blind 7 100 7.75 August 1911 to March Pass. 1912. Channel from Blind Pass to Clearwater Harbor.__ 5 50 17 November 1910 to April 1915. When last surveyed the controlling depths in midchannel for one-half of former project widths were as follows: From Punta Rasa through Pine Island Sound to Charlotte Harbor, 6 feet in February 1940; Little Sarasota Bay from Nokomis to Sarasota, 3 feet, and thence in Sarasota Bay to Tampa Bay, 7 feet in Novem- ber 1945; entrance channel from the Gulf of Mexico at Caseys Pass (Venice Inlet), 7.6 feet in December 1951; a channel between Tampa and Boca Ciega Bays, 8 feet and thence through lower Boca Ciega Bay to Blind Pass, 7.1 feet, in November 1939; and from Blind Pass to Clearwater Harbor, 5 feet in April 1940. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $167,364 for new work and $44,199 for maintenance, a total of $211,563. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 387 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated --------..------- ... ---------- -$744- $682, 844 Cost _----------------- $5, 705 $432 ------------ 682, 844 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... -- 6, 729 2, 300 $3, 954 $73, 200 564, 365 Cost_ 582 ------------ 1, 687 4, 522 2 3, 792 494, 912 1 Includes $515,479 for new work and $450,749 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by $+36. Pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project- ..........- __.....__..... .... $5 ,593,000 11. CHARLOTTE HARBOR, FLA. Location. This harbor is a large bay on the west coast of Florida. The entrance is 68 miles south of the entrance to Tampa Bay and 150 miles north of Key West. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- detic Survey Chart No. 1255.) Previous projects. Appropriations for removing obstructions from Peace River (formerly Peace Creek) were made in 1881, 1882, and 1886. Improvement of Charlotte Harbor and Peace River was authorized by act of September 19, 1890. A project for improve- ment of Pine Island Sound is now included in "Previous projects" for Intracoastal Waterway, Caloosahatchee River to Anclote River, Fla. For further details see page 152, Annal Report for 1890; page 1828, Annual Report for 1915; and page 769, Annual Report for 1945. Existing project. This provides for a channel 32 feet deep at mean low water and 300 feet wide, increased to 700 feet wide at the bend, from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Boca Grande, just inside the entrance, thence 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the municipal terminal at Maud Street, Punta Gorda, with a turning basin 200 feet square at the outer end of the terminal. The length of water- way included in the project is about 4.5 miles from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Boca Grande, and thence about 25 miles to Punta Gorda. The mean tidal range is 1 foot at Port Boca Grande and 1.4 feet at Punta Gorda. The extreme range is about 3 feet at Port Boca Grande and 3.8 feet at Punta Gorda. Strong southwesterly winds raise the water level about 1.5 feet, and strong northerly and easterly winds lower it about 1 foot. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $15,563 contributed by local interests, is $447,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $29,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 388 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 A 24-foot channel 300 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico H. Doc. 699, 62d Cong., 2d sess. through the Boca Grande entrance. Mar. 3,1925 A depth of 27 feet at the entrance and a width of 500 H. Doc. 113, 66th Cong., 1st feet at the bend. sess. July 3,1930 The 10-foot depth to Punta Gorda and the turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin at that point. Doc. 1, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' Aug. 26, 1937 The 30-foot depth at the entrance and the 700-foot Rivers and Harbors Committee, width at the bend. Doc. 95, 74th Cong., 2d sess. May 17, 1950 Deepening the entrance channel to 32 feet. H. Doc. 186, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Deepening of the entrance channel to 32 feet (H. Doc. 186, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) is subject to the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damage due to construction of the improvement. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of a phosphate wharf at Port Boca Grande and a municipal earth-fill pier about 850 feet long, re- tained by steel-sheet-piling, at Punta Gorda. Both wharves are open to the public. Railway connections are available at Port Boca Grande, and highway and railway connections are available at Punta Gorda. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (For further details see Port Series No. 8, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: U. S. hopper dredge Langfitt removed 167,486 cubic yards of material, bin measurement, at a cost of $41,586, October 3 to 14, 1953. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $783. The total costs for the fiscal year were $42,369 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 42 percent completed. A channel 24 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Boca Grande was dredged between November 1912 and April 1913; was deepened to 27 feet (500 feet wide at the bend) between October and November 1931; and was further deepened to 30 feet (700 feet wide at the bend) between August 1938 and August 1939. The 10-foot channel to Punta Gorda was dredged from February to April 1931. When last surveyed the controlling depths were as follows: Controlling depths entering from seaward Name of channel Left out- for Mdhanel Right out- Date surveyed side quarter project side quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Outer bar cut--. 28.0 .................-------------------------- 30.0 28.0 November 1953. Widener..--.......-------------...----------------........ 32.2 30.0 26.3 Do. Inner bar cut---------------------------- 26.0 27.8 30.0 May 1953. Channel to Punta Gorda ------------------------------ 9.5 ------------- February 1950. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is dredg- ing to deepen the existing entrance channel to 32 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 389 been $193,965 for new work, and $790,123 for maintenance, a total of $984,088. In addition, $15,563 was expended from contributed funds for new work in Boca Grande entrance channel. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19541, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19502 New work: Appropriated-------....... -----------............ ------- ---- ------ $306, 965 . . Cost----------------------- - ------ -------------- -- --------------------- 306, 965 Maintenance: Appropriated___- - $75, 085 $2, 449 $76, 150 -$4, 303 $42, 450 790, 204 Cost---------------- 75, 428 2, 183 68, 940 3, 172 8 42, 376 790,130 1Includes $113,000 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $15,563 for new work was expended on the existing project from contributed funds. 3 Differs from " Operation and results during fiscal year" by $-7.Pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project__....................................................... $253 ,000 12. TAMPA HARBOR, FLA. Location. This harbor is a large natural indentation of the Gulf of Mexico about midway of the western coast of the peninsula of Florida. The entrance is about 220 miles north of Key West, about 330 miles from Pensacola, 360 miles from Mobile, and 512 miles from New Orleans. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 586, 587, and 1257.) Previous projects. Adopted by the following river and harbor acts: For Tampa Bay, acts of June 14, 1880, and August 11, 1888; for Tampa and Hillsboro Bays, acts of June 14, 1880, March 3, 1899, and March 3, 1905; for Hillsboro River, act of June 14, 1880. For further details see pages 1829, and 1831 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 665, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (1) Channels from the Gulf of Mexico through Tampa and Hillsboro Bays and upper Tampa Harbor to the city of Tampa, and through Tampa Bay to Port Tampa, 36 feet deep and 600 feet wide in Egmont Channel, thence 34 feet deep with widths of 500 feet in Mullet Key Cut, 400 feet in Tampa Bay, Hillsboro Bay, Port Tampa, and Sparkman Channels, and 30 feet deep with widths of 500 feet in Ybor Chan- nel and 300 feet in Seddon and Garrison Channels; (2) widening the bend between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Chan- nel by 250 feet; (3) a turning basin 30 feet deep at the mouth of Hillsboro River (west end of Garrison Channel), involving cutting back the northwest corner of Seddon Island by 150 feet; (4) a turn- ing basin 34 feet deep at the entrance to Ybor Channel, including widening the bend between Sparkman and Garrison Channels by cutting back the northeast corner of Seddon Island (to about 950 feet from the point of intersection of the edges of the two chan- nels) and cutting off the resulting corners; (5) a turning basin at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals, 34 feet deep, 2,000 feet long, and 750 feet wide; (6) maintenance of a channel dredged in Hillsboro River under a previous project, 12 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 2,400 feet long, from the turning basin at the mouth to 390 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS., U. S. ARMY, 1954 a point 100 feet south of the Lafayette Street Bridge, and provi- sion of a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, thence to a point 2,000 feet upstream from the Columbus Drive (formerly Michigan Avenue) Bridge, with a removal of snags, wrecks, and piling, thence to the Florida Avenue Bridge; (7) a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide from.the ship channel in Hillsboro Bay to and including the existing turning basin in the Alafia River, to be en- larged to a depth of 30 feet, a width of 700 feet, and a length of 1,200 feet; (8) construction of a breakwater of dredged material at Peter 0. Knight Field, Davis Islands, about 2,000 feet long and partially inclosing a landing basin for seaplanes (maintenance to be assumed by local interests). The length of the section included in the existing project is about 64.1 miles, including about 7.7 miles in the Hillsboro River and about 3.6 miles in the Alafia River Chan- nel. The plane of reference is mean low water. The mean range of tide is 1.3 feet at the lower end of the bay, 1.6 feet at Port Tampa, and 1.8 feet at Tampa. The extreme range is about 3.8 feet at the lower end of the bay and 4.8 feet at Tampa. Strong southwesterly winds raise the water level about 1.5 feet. Strong northerly winds, which usually occur in winter, lower the water level about 2 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954, is $21,- 383,000 excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance, excluding the breakwater at Peter O. Knight Field, is $172,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents I i TAMPA BAY Mar. 3,1899 For a channel 27 feet deep from the Gulf of Mexico to H. Doc. 52, 55th Cong., 3d sess. Port Tampa, 500 feet wide across the bar and 300 (also printed in Annual Report feet wide in the bay. 1899, p. 1640). Channel dim- ensions specified in act. Mar. 3,1905 For a channel depth of 26 feet with sufficient width Specified in act. from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Tampa. TAMPA AND HILLSBORO BAYS June 25, 1910 For a depth of 24 feet in Hillsboro Bay. H. Doec. 634, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8,1917 For a 27-foot depth from Gulf of Mexico up to and in H. Doec. 1345, 64th Cong., 1st sess. the several channels of Hillsboro Bay, the widths to be 500 feet on the bar, 300 feet in Tampa Bay, Ybor and Garrison Channels, and 200 feet in Hills- boro Bay, Sparkman and Seddon Channels, with turning basins at the mouth of Hillsboro River and at Ybor Estuary. HILLSBORO RIVER Mar. 3,1899 For a 12-foot channel to within 100 feet of the Lafayette H. Doec. 545, 55th Cong., 2d sess., St. highway bridge (maintenance only); new work and Annual Report for 1898, pp. completed under a previous project under the title 1357-1360. "Improving Hillsboro Bay, Fla." TAMPA HARBOR Sept. 22, 1922 Consolidation of the above projects to form a single Specified in act. project for Tampa Harbor. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 391 Acts Work authorized Documents July 3,1930Increasing the depth of Egmont Channel to 29 feet H. Doc. 100, 70th Cong., 1st sess. and the width of Sparkman Channel to 300 feet. Aug. 30,19351 For a depth of 32 feet and a width of 600 feet on Egmont S. Doc. 22, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Bar, a depth of 30 feet and a width of 400 feet in Mullet Key Cut, and a depth of 30 feet and a width of 300 feet in all other project channels in Tampa Harbor (except in Hillsboro River and in the channel leading to Alafia River); and for a turning basin 2,000 feet long and 550 feet in maximum width at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals. June 20,1938 For widening the bend between Sparkman Channel S. Doc. 164, 75th Cong., 3d sess. and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel by 250 feet; widening Ybor Channel to 400 feet and extending the turning basin at the west end of Garrison Chan- nel (mouth of Hillsboro River) easterly for 300 feet. Do....... For construction of a breakwater at Peter O. Knight Senate Committee 2 Print, 76th Field, Davis Islands, its maintenance to be as- Cong., 1st sess. sumed by local interests. Mar. 2,1945 For widening Sparkman Channel to 400 feet and S. Doc. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Ybor Channel to 500 feet; widening the bend be- tween Sparkman and Garrison Channels and additional 250 feet to extend the turning basin westerly; and widening the bend between Seddon and Garrison Channels by 150 feet (in lieu of 300 feet previously authorized) to extend the turning basin easterly. 2 Mar. 2,1945 For a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the H. Doc. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Hillsboro River for about 2.4 miles above the upper end of the existing 12-foot channel, and for the re- moval of obstructions thence to the Florida Ave. Bridge. Mar. 2,1946 For a channel 25 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the S. Doc. 16, 77th Cong., 1st sess. Hillsboro Bay Channel to and including a turning basin in the Alafla River. (Revoked by act of May 17, 1950.) May 17,1950 For deepening Egmont Channel to 36 feet; enlarging H. Doc. 258, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' Mullet Key Cut, Tampa Bay Channel, Hillsboro Bay Channel, Port Tampa Channel and Port Tampa turning basin to present project dimen- sions; deepening Sparkman Channel and Ybor turning basin to 34 feet; a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide from Hillsboro Bay Channel to and including a turning basin in Alafla River, 700 feet wide and 1,200 feet long (in lieu of the improvement previously authorized); and substantial widening at entrance, bends, and turns. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. 2Contains the latest published maps. Recommended modification of project. Under date of March 9, 1950, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for removal of snags, wrecks, piling, and similar obstructions from the channel of Hillsboro River between the upstream end of the existing project at the Florida Avenue Bridge and the city waterworks dam, at an estimated cost to the United States of $16,600 (1954) for new work, provided that local interests, among other requirements of local cooperation, maintain the cleared channel after completion in accordance with regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army (H. Doc. 567, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938 (S. Doc. 164, 75th Cong., 3d sess.), authorized widening the bend between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel by 250 feet, widening Ybor Channel from 300 to 400 feet, and ex- tending the turning basin at the west end of Garrison Channel 392 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 easterly for 300 feet, subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required, and move and reconstruct all bulkheads, wharves, buildings, roads, railroad tracks, and all other structures as may be necessary. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, authorized the fur- ther widening of Ybor Channel to 500 feet, widening Sparkman Channel to 400 feet, widening the bend between Garrison and Sparkman Channels, and reducing the widening between Seddon and Garrison Channels from 300 to 150 feet (S. Doc. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), subject to the conditions that the City of Tampa agree to commence and complete promptly, the construction of the belt-line railroad and the paving of streets on the north and east sides of Ybor Channel (first required by River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, and complied with as regards the west side of the channel) when necessary in the judgment of the Secretary of War; and provided further, that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands required for the provision of the im- provements and for the disposal of dredged material during con- struction, and for subsequent maintenance as and when required, and construct such bulkheads and retaining walls, and strengthen or move adjacent structures, as may be required to safeguard both the channels and the adjacent lands and structures, all in a manner satisfactory to and approved by the Chief of Engineers and Secre- tary of War, and agree to hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. In 1945 the Florida Legislature adopted a bill creating the Hills- borough County Port Authority as the governing body and au- thority of the area defined in the act as Hillsborough County Port District, comprising approximately the northwest quarter and part of the southwest quarter of Hillsborough County. It includes all channel and terminal areas of Tampa and Port Tampa, but excludes the Alafia River and the relatively undeveloped area east of the upper harbor. On September 9, 1949, the Hillsborough County Port Authority adopted a resolution agreeing to comply with all conditions imposed in Senate Document 164, Seventy-fifth Congress, third session. On October 11, 1949, the port authority adopted a resolution agreeing to, and assuming full responsibility for compliance with, the requirements as set forth in Senate Docu- ment 183, Seventy-eighth Congress, second session, except any re- quirement to extend the trackage of the municipal belt-line rail- road (extension not now required in accordance with the pro- visions of the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950), but specifi- cally including the obligation in respect to the portion thereof already completed. The Chief of Engineers accepted those resolu- tions on November 21, and December 28, 1949, respectively, as satisfactory assurance of compliance. The port authority has furnished, or caused to be furnished, all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil disposal areas required for new work provided for in those documents. All streets on the west side of Ybor Channel have been paved, and the through streets on the north and east sides have been paved. In addition, the port authority has RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 393 furnished evidence satisfactory to the district engineer that the United States will be held harmless in the event of sloughing of banks as a result of dredging. The width of Ybor Channel has been restricted to a minimum of 480 feet at some localities to make unnecessary the construction of bulkheads and retaining walls and the strengthening or moving of structures. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized certain improvements in Hillsboro River (H. Doc. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and suitable spoil disposal areas for initial work and subse- quent maintenance when and as required; agree to make at their expense necessary alterations to structures crossing the river; and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. The Hillsborough County Port Authority has indicated that it will comply with these require- ments when it becomes evident that funds will be made available. The work authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950, is subject to the conditions that for new work re- sponsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will: (1) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil dis- posal areas necessary for construction and subsequent mainte- nance of the project, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and sub- sequent maintenance of the works; (3) construct such bulkheads and retaining works, and strengthen or move adjacent structures as may be required, prior to dredging, to safeguard the channels, basins, and adjacent lands and structures, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers; (4) provide, prior to or concurrently with the Federal improvement, additional or en- larged slips and berthing space with necessary terminal facilities at Port Tampa in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers: (5) open existing terminal facilities on Alafia River to all at the same rates and charges that apply to other Tampa Har- bor terminals and expand those facilities as and when required to meet the needs of commerce; and (6) open the terminal facilities at Tampa Harbor to all on equal terms. The project document further provides: (1) that the existing conditions of local cooperation whereby approval of wharfage charges by the Secretary of War is required (River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917), be revoked; (2) that the requirements pertaining to the municipal belt-line railroad imposed by the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917 (H. Doc. 1345, 64th Cong., 1st sess.) and by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (S. Doc. 183, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) be modified so as to require no further extension of trackage with the understanding that the city's obli- gation with respect to the completed portion shall remain in force until relieved by the Chief of Engineers. All other and prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 57 piers and wharves at Tampa, including 14 on Hillsboro River at Tampa, 28 other piers within the Tampa City limits, 1 at East Tampa, 13 on the slip at Port 394 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Tampa, and 1 on old Tampa Bay at Rattlesnake, Fla. Those on Hillsboro River are suitable for small vessels drawing up to 11 feet; all others are used by deep-draft vessels. The municipal terminals are on Ybor Channel and consist of a slip 778 feet long, 250 feet wide, with a wharf on either side, one of which has a steel-frame transit shed. The City of Tampa also owns a shore wharf on Hillsboro River and another on Garrison Channel. Forty-eight of the facilities, including the municipal slip, have railway connections, and all have highway connections. The municipal terminals, 1 city wharf, and 10 private terminals are open to the public. The piers and wharves on the various channels are used principally as follows: 39 for general chargo and private commodities, 10 for mooring or berthing vessels at shipyards, and 3 for various industrial purposes; 5 are not in use. The facili- ties are considered adequate for the existing commerce except at Port Tampa. (See Port Series No. 17, revised 1947, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: U. S. hopper dredge Langfitt removed 7,917 cubic yards of material, place measurement, from spot shoal in Egmont channel, October 15 to 17, 1953, at a cost of $8,179. Hired labor surveys cost $8,603. Hired labor inspections and reports cost $6,130. The total costs for the fiscal year were $22,912 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 48 percent completed. Dredging was begun in August 1899 to provide a channel 24 feet deep and of sufficient width from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Tampa, and in November 1910, to provide a channel of the same depth in Hillsboro Bay to Tampa. Dredging has been continued intermittently to secure greater depths and widths as authorized from time to time. Egmont Channel, 29 feet deep and 500 feet wide was completed in July 1931, and chan- nels 30 feet deep, 400 feet wide at Mullet Key Cut and Tampa iBay Channel Cut A, 300 feet wide thence to and including the Port Tampa Channel, Hillsboro Bay Channel, Seddon Channel, Spark- man Channel, Ybor Channel, and 275 feet wide in Garrison Chan- nel were completed in June 1936. Egmont Relocation Channel, to replace the old channel alinement on Egmont Bar, was dredged 32 feet deep and 600 feet wide from February 1938 to May 1939. Sparkman Channel was widened to a total width of 400 feet and the bends between Sparkman Channel and Cut D of Hillsboro Bay Channel were widened to project dimensions between July 1947 and May 1949. A turning basin 2,750 feet long and 550 feet wide was dredged at the entrance to the Port Tampa terminals between November 1933 and December 1935. The turning basin at the entrance to Ybor Channel was completed in July 1947, and that at the west end of Garrison Channel (mouth of Hillsboro River), in May 1949. Ybor Channel was widened to its present width be- tween April and June 1950. A channel 12 feet deep and 200 feet wide in Hillsboro River from the mouth to within 100 feet of the Lafayette Street Bridge was dredged between December 1899 and about June 1905, under a previous project, and has been maintained under the existing project. The breakwater of dredged material at Peter O. Knight RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 395 municipal airport was constructed from August 1940 to January 1941, and the city of Tampa has formally assumed responsibility for its care, preservation, and maintenance. The Tampa Bay bridge (fixed), under construction, will cross cut A of Tampa Bay channel with vertical clearance of 149.0 feet for 800 feet width. When last surveyed the controlling depths were as follows: Dredged dimensions Controlling depths entering from seaward I i Section Left out- Channel Right Date surveyed for half Width Depth side dredged outside (feet) (feet) quarter width quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) i Egmont Relocation 600 32 32.1 32.0 31.0 August and Channel. November 1953. Mullet Key Cut__..-. 400 30 30.3 30.3 31.8 August 1953. Tampa Bay Channel: January 1948. Cut A -........... 400 30 30.0 *30.0 (30.0) 31.0 Cuts B to F.......... 300 30 30.5 *30.0 (30.0) 31.0 Port Tampa Channel--.... 300 30 *30.0 (30.0) October 1952. Port Tampa turning 550 30 30.0 October 1952. basin. Hillsboro Bay Channel: Cut A........-....... 300 30 30.0 *30.0 (30.0) 30.0 January 1948. Cut C............... 300 30 32.0 28.0 26.1 August 1953. Cut D--------------_ 300 30 27. 3 27.0 25.0 Do. Upper Harbor: Seddon Channel ... 300 30 27.8 *26.2 (28.5) 26.2 April 1952. Sparkman Channel _ 400 30 28.8 *28.8 (28.8) 29.5 Do. Garrison Channel 1 275 30 26.8 *24.8 (25.5) 25.2 Do. (west to east). Ybor Channel-........... 2 480 30 30.8 28.8 29.0 August 1953. Alafia Rivers............ 150 23 14.7 17.0 11.0 April 1946. Hillsboro River, mouth 200 12 9.0 10.9 9.0 March 1944. to Lafayette Street Bridge. Thence to a point 2,000 4 100 9 4.1 1939. feet upstream from Columbus Drive Bridge. 1 Project width 300 feet. 2 Project width at 500 feet. 8As dredged by local interests; project depth is 30 feet, and width 200 feet. 4 Project dimensions; no work has been done by the United States. * Figures enclosed in parentheses are controlling depths on centerline in October 1952. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is as follows: Dredge a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Hills- boro River for about 2.4 miles above the upper end of the existing 12-foot channel, and thence remove obstructions to the Florida Avenue Bridge; and the improvements authorized by act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 258, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: 396 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular........................................-------------------------------------------. $7,391,414 $2, 759,374 $10,150,788 Public works........................---------------------------------------- 1,329,300 ---------------- 1,329,300 Emergency relief ... -....---------- . . ... ------------ ...... 1,463,000 -----. ---. --.. 1,463,000 Total _--------- --------------------------------...... 10,183,714 2,759,374 12, 943, 088 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated------.... $414, 987 -$25, 605 .................................... $11, 036, 764 Cost................. 333, 668 72, 249 .- -. -----. -......... 11, 036, 764 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------- 65, 300 257, 060 $202, 800 $15, 134 $20, 850 2, 776, 446 Cost---.. - --.---- 62, 490 260, 134 203, 463 13, 889 222, 785 2, 776, 353 1 Includes $853,050 for new work and $17,107 for maintenance ' for previous projects. 2 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year by $+127. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- $11, 199,000 priated for completion of existing project __.........-................................. 13. WITHLACOOCHEE RIVER, FLA. Location. This river rises in the central part of the peninsula of Florida and flows generally northwesterly and westerly, empty- ing into the Gulf of Mexico about 20 miles southeast of Cedar Key, Fla., and 95 miles north of the entrance to Tampa Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1259.) Previous projects. A project for the improvement of the en- trance was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. For further details see page 1832 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 523 of Annual Report for 1934. Existing project. This provides for securing and maintaining a channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet wide from the Gulf of Mexico to Port Inglis, just within the river entrance, by dredging and rock excavation; maintaining the channel be- tween the river mouth and Inglis (steam-electric plant) 10 feet deep and generally 70 feet wide; and removing snags, overhang- ing trees, and loose rock, and cutting through shoals in the upper river, to make a draft of 2 feet available for about half the year as far as Croom (formerly Pembertons Ferry), 85 miles above the mouth. The Second Deficiency Appropriation Act, 1944, approved June 28, 1944, authorized the use of appropriations for rivers and harbors for the improvement, in the interests of national defense and subject to the approval of the Chief of Engineers, of the channel between the mouth of the river and Inglis. The author- ized work comprises the provision of a practical channel 10 feet deep at mean low water and 70 feet wide, with easing of bends, from Port Inglis to the steam-electric plant at Inglis, by dredging and rock excavation. The lengths of the sections included in the project are 4.1 miles from the Gulf to Port Inglis, thence 6.4 miles RIVERS AND HARBORS--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 397 to the steam-electric plant at Inglis, and thence about 78.6 miles to Croom. The mean tidal range at the mouth is 2.8 feet and the spring range about 3.5 feet. The effect of the tide is perceptible for about 11 miles above the mouth. Strong southwesterly winds raise the water level at the mouth about 1 foot, and strong north- erly winds, which usually occur during the winter, lower the water level about 1.5 feet. Freshets raise the water level in the upper river from 4 to 6 feet and at the mouth about 1 foot. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $666,000 excluding amounts expended on previous projects, but including $299,859 for the improvement of the channel between the mouth and Inglis. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $12,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1881 Improving river from mouth to Hays Ferry, 79 miles. Annual Report, 1880, pp. 1110-1119. Aug. 5,18861 Extending improvement to Croom (Pembertons Annual Report, 1885, pp. 1277-1278. Ferry), 6 miles above Hays Ferry. Mar. 2, 1907 A depth of 10 feet below mean low water from the H. Doc. 483, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Gulf to Port Inglis. June 28, 19442 Use of appropriations for rivers and harbors for im- Specified in act. proving the channel between the mouth and Inglis. July 24,1946 Maintaining the channel 10 feet deep and generally H. Doc. 293, 79th Cong., 1st sess. 70 feet wide between the river mouth and Inglis. (Contains latest published maps.) 'Modified in accordance with recommendations in Annual Report for 1885. (See also Annual Report for 1887, p. 1248.) 2Second Deficiency Appropriation Act, 1944. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, imposed the condition that local interests agree to fur- nish, free of cost to the United States, all rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas necessary for the maintenance work when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the maintenance work. Terminal facilities. These consist of one small timber dock at Inglis, with shore facilities for fuel-oil storage; one dock at Yankeetown, with shore facilities for gasoline storage; two small docks for handling fish--one each at Yankeetown and Inglis; one small dock at Panasoffkee, open to public use; and several privately owned docks along the river. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- tract dredge No. 6 removed 55,288 cubic yards of material restor- ing project depth from the Gulf of Mexico to the Power Plant, April 14 to May 24, 1954, at a cost of $44,023. Hired labor inspec- tions and reports cost $880. The total cost for the year was $44,903 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project as a whole was about 88 percent completed. The entrance channel was about 85 percent completed. A channel 10 feet deep and 85 feet wide from the 10-foot contour in the Gulf of Mexico to Port Inglis was dredged between April 1908 and November 1914. A practical channel 10 feet deep and 70 feet wide, with easing of five sharp bends, from the mouth of the river to the steam-electric plant at 398 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Inglis was provided by dredging and rock excavation between June 1945 and March 1946. Removal of snags, overhanging trees, sunken logs, loose rock and boulders, and some rock ledges from the river between its mouth and Croom was begun in March 1882 and was practically completed in 1892, thereby enabling light-draft boats to ascend the river to Croom, except at low-water stages. Under permit granted by the Secretary of War on April 16, 1904, a power dam and a lock 134 feet by 36 feet, now owned and operated by the Florida Power Corporation, were built about 11.4 miles above the mouth of the river. The dam creates a pool extending nearly to Dunnellon, 24.5 miles above the mouth. The lock, which had been inoperative since installation of the gates in 1916 except for about 7 months during 1926, was restored to operating condition in January 1942. The lock is in poor condition and the gates require considerable time and manpower to open and close. When last surveyed, controlling depths were as follows: Gulf of Mexico to Port Inglis 10.0 feet (based on 72 percent of channel width) in May 1954; Port Inglis to power plant at Inglis, 10.0 feet (based on 80 percent of project width) in May 1954; Inglis to Dunnellon, 4 feet in May 1940; and thence to head of navigation at Croom, about 2 feet during half the year with 1 foot during low stages. The depths are referred to mean low water Gulf datum, between the entrance and the dam, and to local low-water stage of the river above that point. The river from the Florida Power Corporation dam, including Rainbow Run, to Stokes Ferry, was in poor condition and snagging is necessary to clear the river for navigation. From Stokes Ferry to Croom, the river was in fair condition, having less fallen trees. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the 15- foot widening of the entrance channel to Port Inglis, which is not considered necessary at this time. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $584,912 for new work and $227,600 for maintenance, a total of $812,512. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ... -------------- 14, 912 $6------------------------------- Cost----...---------------------------- ------------------------------------ 614, 912 Maintenance: Appropriated- ------- $45, 029 -$7, 190 $3, 680 $4, 100 $44, 350 227,620 Cost --------------- 13, 644 26,124 3, 877 3, 372 2 44, 700 227,397 1 Includes $30,000 for new work for previous project. 2 Differs from "Operation and results during fiscal year" by $+203. Pending adjustment. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-...................................................... $81,000 RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 399 14. REMOVING THE WATER HYACINTH FROM NAVIGABLE WATERS IN THE STATE OF FLORIDA Location. The water hyacinth is found in the fresh water streams and lakes in various parts of the district. Existing project. This provides for the destruction or removal of the water hyacinth in the navigable waters of the State so far as they constitute an obstruction to commerce, using any me- chanical, chemical, or other means not injurious to cattle, and the use of log booms to close sloughs and backwaters as an auxiliary means. No estimate of the final cost of the work has been made. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of mainte- nance is $100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 For the construction and operation of a suitable H. Doc. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sess. vessel, and for the use of log booms as adjuncts to and Annual Report 1899, pp. the operation of the vessel, for the removal of water 1613-1623. hyacinths in the navigable waters of the State of Florida. June 13, 1902 For the extermination and removal of water hya- Specified in act. cinths by any mechanical, chemical, or other means. Mar. 3,1905 Prohibits the use of any chemical process injurious to Do. cattle. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Lo- calities where hired labor operations were conducted during the year and costs thereof are tabulated below: Locality Cost St. Johns River and tributaries ......................................---------------------------------------------------.. $58, 496 Okeechobee Waterway.............----------------..........-----------------------------......................-----------------... 3, 375 Hillsboro River ...-----------... ...--------------------- ......----- ----------------------------- 148 Withlacoochee River--------------------------------------------------------------------- 2, 728 Reports------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 Total cost ..-------....--------....---------------------------------------------------. 64, 787 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is for maintenance. A chemical for spraying was tested in August and September 1900; spraying was begun in November 1902, but was discontinued in February 1906 because of the injurious effect on cattle. Sub- sequent operations through the fiscal year 1938 consisted chiefly of breaking up jams and drifting, except from November 1909 to February 1918, when an elevator was used to either place the plants on shore to form them in deep piles that could be carried away by the currents. Later operations, through April 1948, have consisted principally of construction of temporary and per- manent traps at strategic points, and shredding with cutter boats. Spraying with a new chemical, which is not injurious to cattle or fish, was begun in March 1948, to supplement other methods, and has proven to be highly effective. Since that date, spraying has gradually become the principal method of destruc- tion, supplemented by the methods previously in use. During September 1949, large areas of hyacinths in the St. Johns River 400 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 were sprayed by airplane, with very satisfactory results. At the close of the fiscal year, the St. Johns River and tributary streams, Okeechobee Waterway, and Hillsboro and Withlacoochee (except for one small jam above Weeds Landing bridge) Rivers were open and in goo.d condition. Total cost under existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $1,421,884 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $102, 500 $57, 800 $75, 000 $53, 705 $65, 580 $1, 422, 791 Cost---------------- 107, 889 63, 728 76, 568 52, 239 164, 447 1, 421, 544 1 Differs from "Operation and Results during fiscal year" by $+340. RIVERS AND HARBORS-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 401 15. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance (1954 prices) $178.42 - - -- - - -------- - -- 1. Anclote River, Fla.!. . . 1950 $178, 427 $88, 957 $68, 000 2. Arecibo Harbor P.R-------.........----------- 1953 26 1, 128, 075 S107, 771 3. Atlantic-Gulf Ship Canal, Fla.-------........ 1939 5, 099, 153 4. Cedar Keys Harbor, Fla.-................... 1932 147, 021 30, 000 (4)3, 500 5. Christiansted Harbor V I.'z............ 1950 366, 000 6. Courtenay Channel, Fla. (7) and (8).._. 7 . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1940 22, 846 (4) 7. Crystal River, Fla. _.. 7 1941 25, 000 19, 993 (4) 8. Eau Gallie Harbor, Fla. 8s .-.----........ 1940 9, 627 .............. (4) 9. Fajardo Harbor, P. R.-----......------------ 1945 S420, 000 10. Guayanes Harbor, P.R. 10o- ,- - - - - - - - ......... 1945 .......... - ,999.............. 11161, 000 11. Homosassa River Fla.7..................... 1937 - - - -697 (4) 12. Horseshoe Cove, Fla.... 1 __._ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 1950 ...........-..- ----.........-- 244, 000 13. Hudson River Fla. . 1950 ..............- ..............- 394,000 14. Intracoastal Waterway, Cross-Florida Barge Canal--.........-------------------------- 1951 1, 465, 081 .............. 100, 535, 000 15. Intracoastal 1 Waterway, Miami to Key West, Fla. 7 - -- --- -- -- -- -- - 1953 203, 368 325 2, 860, 000 16. Key West Harbor, Fla.7 ..... - 1950 1, 040, 409 238, 743 2, 047, 000 17. Kis s imm ee Riv er, Fl a . __ . ._. .. . . . . . . . .7. . . 1931 23, 479 25, 202 (4) 18. Lake Crescent and Dunns Creek, Fla. to0.... 1931 10, 276 8, 166 146, 000 19. Little M anatee River,. . Fla.'................. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1949 .........--- - .............----- 158, 000 20. Manatee River, Fla. . . 1938 123, 350 101, 214 15, 000 21. Mayaguez Harbor, P.R...................... 7 1953 168, 187 138, 118 (4) 22. Melbourne Harbor, Fla. _.. 7 1939 17, 696 23. Naples to Big Marco .Pass . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . Fla. . . . . .Channel, . . 1950 37, 525 47, 329 24. New River,- Fla.'..... 7 -- -- -- --- -- --- -- -- 1950 98,000 25. Orange River, Fla. ......................... . .. .. .. .. ... 1937 2, 000 8, 574 (4) 26. Ozona Channel, Fla.---------- ---- 1950 .............. 91, 000 27. Palm Beach, Fla., beach erosion control'..... 1950 .............. (1s) 8, 000 1 (1) 140, 000 28. Palm Beach, Fla., side channel and basin __ 1946 S5804, 055 29. Palm Beach Harbor, Fla ................... 1 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1953 1, 688, 741 (4) 30. Pithlaehascotee River, 1 Fla. __ . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 1950 162,000 31. Ponce Harbor, P.R. .. 1 1949 16176, 294 57, 946 1,254,000 32. St. Augustine Harbor, Fla. ....------------- 1951 17464, 091 159, 582 2, 582, 000 33. St. Johns River, Fla. Jacksonville to Lake Harney. 7 1953 1, 171, 243 18459, 525 153, 000 34. St. Lucie Inlet, Fla. ...... __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1949 123,602 35. St. Petersburg Harbor, Fla._ ............... 1950 1969, 697 221, 578 ------------------------ 271, 000 1 97--------- 36. St. Thomas Harbor, V.I. .___............... 1949 3, 440, 000 37. San Juan Harbor, P.R....----------------- 1953 204, 330, 671 21 1,208, 081 64, 000 38. Snagging and clearing under authority of Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. 1953 39, 288 22 197, 234 .--....--..... 7 1940 135, 053 514 39. Steinhatchee River, Fla. 2 ................. (4) 40. Suwannee River, Fla. _...._.._.._....... 1940 76, 418 37, 394 201, 000 1 No funds available. 2 In addition $288,000 were expended from contributed funds. 3 Expended for general supervision during fiscal year $309. 4 Completed. b Not formally adopted by Congress. Modified plan is recommended in H.D. 194, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 6 Emergency relief funds. 7 Channels adequate for commerce. s No commerce reported. 9 In addition $30,000 to be contributed by local interests. 10Awaiting local cooperation. 11In addition $40,000 to be contributed by local interests. 12In addition $1,000 were expended from contributed funds. 13The estimate of $8,000 represents the extent to which the Federal Government is authorized to partici- pate and is one-third the cost chargeable to publicly owned shore frontage. The estimated cost to local interests is $242,500. 14Authorizing Act limits Federal participation to $140,000. In addition, $280,000 to be contributed by local interests. 15Expended for general supervision during the fiscal year $1,772. 16In addition $21,960 were expended from contributed funds. 17In addition $137,500 were expended from contributed funds. 18Expended for general supervision during the fiscal year $1,464. 19In addition $6,353 were expended from contributed funds. 20In addition $100,000 were expended from contributed funds. 21Expended for general supervision during fiscal year $4,166. 22In addition $1,672 were expended from contributed funds. $269.02 contributed funds, surplus to needs of the project, were returned to local interests during the fiscal year. 23Curtailment of existing project recommended in H.D. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 402 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 16. CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN FLORIDA Location. The project area includes Lake Okeechobee, its regu- latory outlets, and a large portion of the Everglades and east coast areas to the south, all near the southern end of the Florida Penin- sula. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts. Nos. 473, 1247, 1248, and 1289 and "Florida Everglades Drainage District," Soil Conservation Service maps Nos. 1524 to 1561, July 1946.) Lake Okeechobee and its regulatory outlets lie in Palm Beach, Martin, Okeechobee, Glades, Hendry, and Lee Counties. St Lucie Canal flows from the lake to the Atlantic Ocean; the Caloosahatchee River, from the lake to the Gulf of Mexico. The lower east coast region embraces the populous urban and agricultural areas in Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties. The region lies along the coast from the St. Lucie Canal south to near the tip of the State, and extends 9 to 20 miles inland. The conservation areas lie in Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties west of the lower east coast region, and include 1,344 square miles of the Everglades suitable only for water and wild- life conservation. Lake Okeechobee agricultural area lies south of the lake, mostly in western Palm Beach County, but including part of Hendry County. The area embraces 1,130 square miles of muck and peat land which is suited for long-term agricultural use. Previous projects. Previous projects consist of completed works for control of Lake Okeechobee included in and constructed under the navigation project for Okeechobee'Waterway, Fla. (for- merly Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Florida), under provisions of River and Harbor Acts, approved July 3, 1930, and August 30, 1935. For further information, see pages 877-882, Annual Report for 1948, and page 785, Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. This provides for modification and expansion of the previous project to include the first phase of the compre- hensive plan for flood control and other purposes in central and southern Florida. The first phase of the plan provides for the fol- lowing : a. Everglades-lower east coast area: (1) An east-coast pro- tective levee from the Homestead area north to West Palm Beach Canal; (2) improvements for partial completion of conservation areas for water impoundment and flood discharge in the Ever- glades area west of the east-coast protective levee, including levees within the conservation area separating it into three parts, with gated spillways for discharge of water from one part to the next and, finally, through Tamiami Trail to the undeveloped area to the south, and a bridge culvert where Tamiami Trail intersects the proposed canal and levee on the west side of the conservation area; (3) local protection works in the area along the east coast from northern Palm Beach County to southern Dade County, including pump stations and complete protective works in the Davie agri- cultural area, canal improvements and enlargements, new canals, spillway headworks at the edge of the conservation area, bridge crossings and outlet barriers. FLOOD CONTROL-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 403 b. Okeechobee-Everglades area: (1) A levee and canal encircl- ing the developed portion of the Lake Okeechobee agricultural area from Caloosahatchee River via Bolles Canal to Miami Canal, thence south on Miami Canal about 9 miles, thence eastward to Hillsboro Canal, thence southeastward to the limit of the agricultural area, thence northward crossing West Palm Beach Canal and continuing to St. Lucie Canal; (2) enlargement of Miami, North New River, Hillsboro, and West Palm Beach Canals, within the protected area; (3) five feeder canals within the protected area; (4) three pump- ing stations at Lake Okeechobee and pumping stations at the eastern edge of the protected area on West Palm Beach and Hills- boro Canals; (5) a spillway at the eastern edge of the agricultural area on the new canal crossing West Palm Beach Canal, and cul- verts in West Palm Beach Canal on both sides of the new canal; (6) improving control of Lake Okeechobee by enlarging St. Lucie Canal, including modification of spillways and structures; (7) a spillway at Moore Haven, with an outlet canal to Caloosahatchee River; (8) enlargement of existing Lake Okeechobee levees, in- cluding paving and revetment, and construction of levees on north- east and northwest shores of Lake Okeechobee; (9) initiation of construction and operation of a system of meteorological and hy- drological stations; and (10) under maintenance, the operation and care of the spillway to be constructed at Moore Haven and the main spillways of the conservation area. Upon completion, local interests are to assume maintenance and operation of all works in a and b above, except the gated spillways referred to in a and features (6) through (10) in b, which works will be operated and maintained by the United States. In ad- dition, the project includes maintenance (since July 1, 1950) of control works completed with river and harbor funds under the previous navigation project for Okeechobee Waterway, Fla. (for- merly Caloosahatchee River and Lake Okeechobee drainage areas, Florida) as follows: (1) A levee about 67.8 miles long from Fish- eating Creek to St. Lucie Canal, following in general the south shore of the lake, and a northshore levee 15.74 miles long (those levees are to be improved and enlarged under the existing project) ; (2) four auxiliary floodway channels extending into Lake Okee- chobee at or near Liberty Point, mouth of Fisheating Creek, mouth of Kissimmee River, and mouth of Taylor Creek; (3) collection and evaluation of meteorological data; and (4) operation and care of spillways at the St. Lucie and Ortona locks, 5 hurricane gates on Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage culverts through the west-, south-, and east-shore levees and 4 on the north shore of Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage spillways along the St. Lucie Canal, and an intercommunicating radiotelephone network of 8 stations. The following table shows the principal features of the hurricane gates constructed under previous projects for the Okeechobee Waterway, Fla., and maintained under the existing project since July 1, 1950: 404 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Nearest town Depth Depth town Nearest Character Year A Hurricane gate No.' over of com- ctual Name Distance foundation pleted cost (miles) 2------------------------ Clewiston, Fla.... 0 10 Pile-------1935 $309, 748 3------------------------ Lake Harbor, Fla_ 0.5 10 Rock-_...1935 316, 938 4.... ..----------------------- Belle Glade, Fla. 4.0 10 ... do-..... 1935 350, 025 5----------------------- 6----------------------- Canal Point, Fla_. Okeechobee, Fla.- 0 6.0 10 _do 7 Pile- -- 1935 1936 262,465 373, 273 1 All are 50 feet wide, with available length unlimited. They are constructed of concrete with steel sector gates, and have no lift. Hurricane gate No. 6 has an auxiliary culvert spillway with automatic control. Lake Okeechobee is maintained, so far as possible, between elevations 13 and 15 feet, mean sea level. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954 is $98,- 645,600 United States funds and $15,738,000 contributed funds, exclusive of river and harbor funds expended on previous projects. In addition, the estimated cost to local interests of lands, rights- of-way, and relocation is $9,417,700 (1954). The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $355,200, in- cluding $66,900 for operation and care of protective works. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 30,1948 The first phase of the comprehensive plan for flood H. Doc. 643, 80th Cong., 2d sess. control and other purposes, and authorized to be (Containslatestpublishedmaps.) appropriated $16,300,000 for partial accomplishment of the first phase. May 17,1950 Authorized to be appropriated an additional $20 Specified in act. million for continuation of the first phase. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 643, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), imposed the conditions that local interests shall provide all lands, easements, and rights-of- way; make a cash contribution of 15 percent of the estimated con- struction cost for each part of the work prior to its initiation (with the provision that the total cash contribution for the entire com- prehensive plan shall not exceed $29,152,000); and furnish as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction and operation of the works and that they will maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army, except the levees, channels, locks, and control works of the St. Lucie Canal, Lake Okeechobee, and Caloosahatchee River, and the main spill- ways of the conservation areas. In May 1949, the Florida State legislature passed legislation pro- viding for creation of districts for flood control, reclamation, con- servation, and allied purposes to cooperate with the United States on Federal projects; for creation of the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District, and for consolidation of the former Everglades Drainage District with that district; and for other measures necessary for full compliance with all requirements FLOOD CONTROL--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 405 of local cooperation. A resolution adopted August 1, 1949, by the Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District, assuming full responsibility for compliance with the requirements of local cooperation as set forth in the project document, was accepted by the Chief of Engineers on November 25, 1949, as satisfactory as- surance of compliance. The Flood Control District has furnished right-of-way and other interests in land, and has contributed the required 15 percent of the estimated construction cost for each feature of the project, when and as requested by the district en- gineer. In response to a request of local interests on June 10, 1950, urging construction of the eastern boundary levees of the con- servation area to an intermediate grade, the Chief of Engineers outlined a general policy permitting such construction, provided that local interests agree to maintain the levees at those heights pending completion to full grade. The Central and Southern Florida Flood Control District has agreed to assume full respon- sibility for maintenance of the levees so constructed. The Flood Control District has accepted responsibility for opera- tion and maintenance of features as they are completed and for- mally transferred to them (See par. "Condition at end of fiscal year" for features and transfer dates). Those features are peri- odically inspected by the District Engineers' Staff and the Flood Control District advised of maintenance needed. The Flood Control District has been authorized, and has obtained Congressional approval to advance $2,900,000 to accelerate the construction program beginning in the fiscal year 1955, and to re- ceive credit for that amount on the total cash contribution required of $29,152,000. In addition to the local cooperation requirements for the authorized first phase, local interests propose additional and related works in the form of a secondary system of channels to further serve the land developer, who in turn will construct the necessary laterals, field ditches, farm levees and pump units, all of which will permit maximum benefits from the major flood con- trol works as provided by the project. The Flood Control District is now engaged in preliminary planning of the secondary system of channels, and for the Everglades Agricultural Area estimates the cost as follows: Secondary channel system_ ............................ $6, 000,000 Land development water control system (laterals, field ditches, etc.) 35, 700, 000 The Flood Control District proposes to provide the necessary rights-of-way for the Secondary Channel system. The land de- veloper, either an organized subdrainage district or individual landowner, will bear the cost of construction of the secondary channels and all cost for development of the farm protective works. Local interests are also performing work in the unauthorized portion of the project which is not required by the authorizing act. In 1950 the Flood Control District adopted a program of emergency construction of new works or improvements of existing works necessary to prevent flood damages in areas where the con- struction of the works of the flood control program would be years in being realized. This program is estimated by the Flood Con- trol District to cost $2,000,000, of which $541,821 has been spent. 406 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Operations and results during fiscal year. The work accom- plished during the fiscal year is tabulated below: Work and locality Period Cost New work: Contract: Channels and canals: Construction of C-9, Sec. 3, 6.5 miles long (in July 1 to Sept. 2, 1953. $ 19,370 progress and 96 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of C-9, (continuing contract) Sec. 2, July 1, 1953 to April 15, 436,565 4.4 miles long (in progress and 20 percent com- 1954. pleted at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of west 3.7 miles of C-11 (in progress July 1 to Dec. 4, 1953. 72, 641 and 63 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year. Construction of C-12, 3.3 miles long and C-13, Sec. July 16, 1953 to Feb. 26, 157, 727 1, 7.6 miles long. 1954. Construction of C-13, Sec. 2, 2.7 miles long-......... March 23, to June 15, 1954. 88, 706 Levees: Construction of L-1, Sec. 1, east 10 miles to grade July 1, 1953 to Feb. 1, 276,827 at elevation 27.75 ft., (in progress and 43 percent 1954. completed at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of L-7, about 16.8 miles long to inter- July 1, 1953 to June 30, 1954 768,858 mediate height, the south 8.8 miles at elevation (35 percent completed). 20 feet thence sloping up to elevation 24 feet (continuing contract) (in progress and 3 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). L-8 turfing...........--...........------.........-------- Oct. 21, 1953 to Jan. 30, 1954. 77, 972 Construction of L-15 Sec. 2, 1st Stage, 8 miles long. Jan. 28 to June 30, 1954 (23 202,313 (continuing contract). percent completed). Pumping plants and drainage facilities: Construction of pump station 5-A auxiliary struc- July 1, 1953 to January 23, 160,946 tures S-5A E, W, and S (in progress and 65 per- 1954. cent completed at beginning of fiscal year). Fabrication of machinery for pump station 5-A, 6 July 1, 1953 to June 30, 1954 1,001,073 units at 4,610 c.f.s. (in progress at beginning of (Units 1, 2, and 3-99%, fiscal year). Units 4, 5, and 6--96%). Construction of structure for pump station 5-A July 1, 1953 to June 30, 1954 790,924 (continuing contract) (in progress and 10 percent (65 percent completed). completed at beginning of fiscal year). Construction of 5-11, 1st stage (in progress and 56 July 1, 1953 to March 12, 260,100 percent completed at beginning of fiscal year). 1954. Construction of S-29 (in progress and 83 percent July 1 to Nov. 30, 1953. 66, 621 completed at beginning of fiscal year). Fabrication of machinery for pump station 2 May 22, to June 30, 1954 10,827 (continuing contract). (1 percent completed). Construction of structure for pump station 9 Nov. 25, 1953 to June 30, 145,748 (continuing contract). 1954 (8 percent completed). Fabrication of machinery for pump station 9 June 25, 1953 to June 30, 381,130 (continuing contract). 1954 (67 percent com- pleted). Construction of pump station 13, including ma- June 29, 1953 to June 30, 269,519 chinery. 1954 (86 percent com- pleted). Construction of S-33 and 36- ..........----............------------ __ July 20, 1953 to June 30, 132,664 1954 (85 percent com- pleted). Construction of B-8 railroad bridge................. Construction not yet started 1,374 Minor costs incurred this fiscal year on work com- -............................ 616 pleted in prior fiscal year. Hired labor: Repairs to levee 8 spillways-....---------------------.. March 10 to April 20, 1954. 5, 040 Engineering and design----- ._. -------------------. Fiscal year_-- 734,224 Total new work...................------------------- --------------- ---..... 6,061,785 FLOOD CONTROL-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 407 Work and locality Period Cost Maintenance: Contract: Clearing vegetation and debris from land side toe June 21, to June 30, 1954 1,291 ditch, Lake Okeechobee levee. (7% completed). Repair crown road and slopes on levee between St. Fiscal year.----------------... 617 Lucie Lock and Arundel Shops. Hired labor: Inspection, patrol, and maintenance of Lake Okeecho- Fiscal year_ 35, 244 bee levee slopes ramps, crown roads, protective planting, and cattle fences. Collection and compilation of meteorological data, Fiscal year _ 19,831 stream gaging and maintenance and operation of meteorological stations. Periodic and miscellaneous surveys and inspections, Fiscal year_ 9, 616 supervision, administration, and other routine work. Cleanout of landside toe ditch Lake Okeechobee Levee Fiscal year _ 57 between Culvert 11 and Canal Point, Fla. Clear silt, hyacinth, etc., from landside approach Fiscal year_ 2, 671 channels to culverts in Lake Okeechobee levees. Remove material from approach channels to Hurricane Fiscal year _ 894 Gate Structures No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, and No. 6. Periodic inspection of features and structures trans- Fiscal year 1, 022 ferred to local interests. Total maintenance---------... ...----------....------------------------------ J 71,243 Operating and care. The spillways at Ortona and St. Lucie Locks, 5 hurricane gates on Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage culverts through the West-, South,- and east-shore levees and 4 on the north shore of Lake Okeechobee, 16 drainage spillways along St. Lucie Canal, and an intercommunicating radiotelephone network of 8 stations were operated and maintained by hired labor. Hur- ricane Gate No. 3 was dewatered and cleaned out by hired labor. Sandblasting and painting metal surfaces by contract was started May 31, 1954, and was 95 percent complete at the end of fiscal year. Construction of rubble mound groin at existing Culvert No. 11 in Lake Okeechobee levee was under contract but not started. The cost for the fiscal year was $40,074. The total costs for the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Operation Total United States_ $5, 281, 047 $71, 243 $40, 074 $5, 392, 364 Contributed 780, 738 ------------------------------- 780, 738 Total__-------------------------- 6,061,785 71,243 40, 074 6,173, 102 Regulation. Lake Okeechobee was regulated during FY 1954 between elevations 13.3 and 17.6 feet, mean sea level datum, in accordance with approved regulation schedules. Serious flooding occurred in central and southern Florida during the fall of 1953. Stages exceeded the maximum of record in the upper Kissimmee and St. Johns River basins. Lake Okeechobee rose to 17.6 feet, cresting on October 28-29, and water levels in the Everglades were the highest since the flood of 1948. Lakes Kissimmee and Tohopekaliga were a few tenths above the 1947 level, and at the highest stages reached since gaging stations were established. 408 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The flood was unusual in that it was caused by the accumulation of rain from almost daily showers, and not by a hurricane or single storm. During the period, June through October 1953, the recorded rainfall in the area varied from 38 to 72 inches. Lake Okeechobee inflow was the maximum of record for periods of 2 to 5 months. The one-month value was exceeded only by June 1930. Very extensive flooding occurred and the President designated central and southern Florida as a disaster area. The protective works around Lake Okeechobee prevented overflow which would have completely flooded large areas south and east of the lake under natural conditions. Lake storage supplied adequate water for agricultural needs during the dry season. The minimum ele- vation during the year, 13.3 feet, occurred on July 1, 1953, and on June 17, 1954. Average rainfall over Lake Okeechobee for the fiscal year 1954 was 64.7 inches with the greatest monthly rain- fall 10.68 inches, occurring in June. Average observed pan evapor- ation around the lake was 61.2 inches. Inflow from the tributary areas varied from about 1,400 cubic feet a second on May 26, 1954, to 36,700 cubic feet a second on October 11, 1953, and totaled about 5,483,000 acre-feet for the year. The heavy inflow associated with rainfalls during the periods July through October 1953, and April through June 1954, made regulatory discharge from the lake necessary. Regulatory discharges averaged about 7,800 cubic feet a second through St. Lucie Canal from August 4, 1953, to January 15, 1954, and 3,700 cubic feet a second from May 12 to June 30, 1954; and 3,720 cubic feet a second through the Caloosa- hatchee River from August 3, 1953, to June 30, 1954, except for short periods when releases from the lake were shut off because of local runoff from Caloosahatchee River basin. Releases after January 15, 1954, were made to lower the lake prior to hurricane season. Discharge through the Miami, North New River, Hills- boro, and West Palm Beach Canals, and various pump units, for agricultural uses and other purposes varied from zero to about 1,900 cubic feet a second. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was about 17 per- cent completed. The following features were constructed under previous projects for the Okeechobee Waterway, Fla., and are maintained under this project: A levee 67.8 miles long from Fisheating Creek to St. Lucie Canal, following in general the south shore of the lake, January 1932 to March 1936; a north-shore levee 15.74 miles long, July 1936 to February 1938; the spillway at Ortona lock, Novem- ber 1934 to August 1937; 4 auxiliary floodway channels extending into Lake Okeechobee or at near Liberty Point, mouth of Fish- eating Creek, mouth of Kissimmee River, and mouth of Taylor Creek, June 1932 to February 1938; 5 hurricane gates through the levees at entrance to canals at Clewiston, Lake Harbor, South Bay, Canal Point, and Taylor Creek, November 1933 to December 1936; 16 drainage culverts through the west-, south-, and east-shore levees, and 4 similar culverts through the north-shore levee, De- cember 1933 to December 1936; and 16 drainage spillways at drainage openings along the banks of the St. Lucie Canal, No- vember 1934 to September 1935. FLOOD CONTROL-JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 409 Planning for the existing project was begun in November 1948 and has been continued. Construction under the existing project has been accomplished as follows: Grade (ele- Date transferred to Feature Length vation) mean Construction flood control district (miles) sea level period for operation and maintenance Channel and canals: C-9 (Sec. 2) ---------------- 4.4 April 1953 to May 7, 1954. April 1954. C-9 (Sec. 3)---------------- 6.5 July 1952 to November 13, 1953. Sept. 1953. C-11. -------------------- 3.7 Feb. to Dec. January 15, 1954. 1953. C-12 and 13 (Sec. 1)------------ 10.9 July 1953 to April 15, 1954. Feb. 1954. C-13 (Sec. 2) -..--------------- 2.7 ------ ----- --- March to June Scheduled for August 1954. 1, 1954. C-42.- - - - - - - - - 5.4 June to Au- January 1, 1952. gust 1950. Levees: L-1 (Sec. 1)------------------- 10 I---------------- Jan. 1953 to April 15, 1954. Feb. 1954. L-e: North (including tie back levee_.._------------ 23.8 19 and 24 April 1951 to November 13, 1953, October 1952. May 7, 1954. South (including tie back levee)-- 5.4 24 July 1950 to July 14, 1952. May 1951. L-30------------------------ 13.9 *18 May 1951 to September 15, 1952. July 1952. L-31 (North part)---.-.---. 10.8 *17.4 to *14.0 March to Sep- October 15, 1952. tember 1952. L-33 and 37__---------- 14.8 *18 March 1951 to September 15, 1952. Feb. 1952. L-35 -_..- -- --- -- __--- - - .- 4.8 *20 March 1950 to January 1, 1952. May 1951. L-35A _---- _ _--------- 6.0 *20 January to Do. July 1950. L-36_ - - --..-- - ..- .--- - 11.4 *20 March 1950 to Do. May 1951. L-40: N orth .... - . - - .--- .--- 2.6 *24 November September 15, 1952. 1950 to July 1951. South.------------------ 26.1 *24 May 1951 to May 15, 1953. Dec. 1952. L-43: Initial........------------- 0.3 32.56 September to October 1950 Reconstruction and exten- sion_ _ _ __----------------- 35-36 September to October 1952. Pumping plants and drainage facili- ties: Pump Station 5A auxiliary structures 5A-E, W&S.... July 1952 to April 15, 1954. Jan. 1954. S-11------- ------------- May 1952 to March 1954. S -24 --.-.- --.-... -.--.- ---------------- March to Sep- October 15, 1952. S-24A } tember 1952. 8-29............ S-29.....---- - - -- --- -- - ---------------- Aug. 1952 to December 11, 1953. Nov. 1953. S-32 ---------------- March 1951 to September 15, 1952. Feb. 1952. S-32A_ ---------------- May to July Do. 1952. S-34 _- ---------------- March 1951 to Do. Feb. 1952. S-39_-..- ________--- ---------------- August 1951 Do. to Oct. 1952. S-76............._ ......... ---------------- April 1951 to Nov. 13, 1953 October 1952. *Intermediate height. 410 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U: S. ARMY, 1954 The status of works under contract at the end of the fiscal year was as follows.: Feature Construction Percent started completed Railroad bridges: B-8--------------.......................------------------------ Not yet started. Levees: L-7 (to intermediate height) -- ---------------------. January 1953 .........._ 35 L-15, Section 2 and culverts__----------------------- January 1954......... 23 Pumping plants and drainage facilities: Pump Sta. 2, machinery---- ------------------- May 1954--------------- Pump Sta. 5A machinery: Units 1, 2, and 3_ --------------------------- August 1952............ 99 Units 4, 5, and 6---------------.....------------.. February 1953.......... 96 Pump Sta. 5A, Str ___.... ____.......__ .. ______________ March 1953.....__... . 65 Pump Sta. 9, Str_..-------------- -------------- November 1953....... 8 Pump Sta. 9, Mach --------------------------- June 1953.............. 67 Pump Sta. 13---- ---.- ... do....--------------- 86 S-33 and S-36---......-----------------------------..-. July 1953.............. 85 The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to complete construction of features under contract and all remain- ing works described in the paragraph "Existing Project." The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: Costs Funds New work Mainte- Operation Total nance and care United States_ $17, 686,288 $1,040,753 $153,964 $18,881,005 Contributed -- 2,415 231 2 415 231 Total___ 20,101,519 1,040,753 153,964 21,296,236 Cost and financial summary United States Funds Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated . $1, 500, 000 $6, 300, 000 $6, 000, 000 $4, 974, 000 ------------ $18, 774, 000 Cost_ _. . . 728,741 2,968,181 4, 864, 386 3,841,822 2$5, 289,512 17, 694, 753 Maintenance: Appropriated _ 900,000 100,000 90,000 139,659 1, 229, 659 Cost _..... . . ____...... 727,071 262,529 93,799 2 110, 891 1, 194, 290 1 Exclusive of river and harbor funds expended on previous projects. (See Cost and Financial Summary for the Okeechobee Waterway, Fla. project for those costs) 2 Differs from "Operation and Results during fiscal year by $-8,465, new work and $-425, maintenance Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .... . .............. $13,522 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ....---...- 4,250,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ...............--------------------------------------------- 4,263,522 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project 75,621 ,600 ...............--.............................. FLOOD CONTROL--JACKSONVILLE, FLA., DISTRICT 411 Contributed funds Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- $505, 740 $697, 325 $829, 650 $1, 424, 040 1'$452, 700 1$4, 029, 455 Cost-----------------507, 850 -297, 384 879, 422 426, 716 780, 738 22,415, 231 Other new work data: Unobligated balance fiscal year ending June 30, 1954....-----------................. 3$1,421,265 Contribution and advances for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---..--.....--..-------------------------..............................................................-------..................... 43 ,470 ,500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955....................................................................................---------------------------------------.4,891 ,765 Estimated additional amount needed to be contributed for com- pletion of existing project------.. --.........................---------................. ----...........--8 ,346 ,200 1 Includes $2,094 returned to local interests, but not considered a reduction in allotment. 2 Includes $106,106 expended from contributed funds for work outside the scope of the authorized project. s Includes $900,000 advanced funds (see par. "Local Cooperation"). ! Includes $2,000,000 funds to be advanced (see par. "Local Cooperation"). 17. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. Hired labor costs during the fiscal year were $16,108. The balance unexpended and accounts receiv- able at the end of the fiscal year, $86, together with $17,000 can be profitably expended during the ensuing fiscal year. Collection and study of basic data. Hired labor costs on Storm Studies feature were $969 during the fiscal year. The balance unexpended and accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year, $31, will be expended on Storm Studies program during the en- suing fiscal year. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southeastern Ten- nessee, western Georgia, western Florida, all of Alabama south of the Tennessee River Basin, eastern Mississippi, and a small por- tion of southeastern Louisiana embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Gulf of Mexico, west of the Aucilla River Basin, to and including the Pearl River Basin. It includes the section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway from St. Marks, Fla., to Lake Borgne Light No. 41, Louisiana. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway 9. Alabama-Coosa Rivers, Ala. between Apalachee Bay, _ and Ga ............................... 432 Fla and the Mexican 10. Howell Mill Shoals Dam, Ala- border (Mobile District)....... 413 bama-Coosa River, Ala. and 2. Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, Ga ..........------------............................ 435 and Flint Rivers, Ga. and 11. Black Warrior, Warrior, and Fla ....--------------------------------------............. 417 Tombigbee Rivers, Ala-......,._. 436 3. Buford Dam and Reservoir, 12. Biloxi Harbor, Miss .................... 442 Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, 13. Gulfport Harbor, Miss.............. 444 and Flint Rivers, Ga. and 14. Pearl River, Miss. and La .......... 445 421 15. Inactive navigation projects...... Fla .............................-------------------------------------............ 448 4. Fort Gaines Lock and Dam, Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, Flood Control and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla ............................................ 423 16. West Point, Chattahoochee 5. Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, River, Ga.............................. . 448 Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, 17. Allatoona Reservoir, Coosa and Flint Rivers, Ga. and River Basin, Ga...................... 449 .... Fla ---------------------------------------- 424 18. Rome, Coosa River, Ga _............ 451 6. East Pass Channel from the 19. Inactive flood control projects. 452 Gulf of Mexico into Choc- 20. General Investigations .............. 452 tawhatchee Bay, Fla.............. 426 21. Inspection of completed flood 7. Mobile Harbor, Ala-.................. 427 control works ......................... 452 8. Removing the water hyacinth, 22. Flood control work under Mobile District .................... 431 special authorization ............. 453 1. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA., AND THE MEXICAN BORDER (MOBILE DISTRICT) Location. This section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway ex- tends generally westward from Apalachee Bay through Ochlocko- nee Bay, Ochlockonee, Crooked, and Carrabelle Rivers, and St. George Sound to Apalachicola Bay; thence through Apalachicola River, Jackson River, Lake Wimico, Searcy Creek, a land cut, and Wetappo Creek to St. Andrew Bay, Fla.; thence through a land cut to Choctawhatchee Bay, Fla.; thence through Santa Rosa Sound to Pensacola Bay, Fla.; thence through Big Lagoon and Old River, Fla., Perdido Bay, Fla. and Ala., Bay La Lanche, Wolfe Bay, Portage Creek, Oyster Bay, and Bon Secour Bay, Ala., to Mobile Bay, Ala.; thence through Mississippi Sound, Miss., and Lake Borgne, La., to the Rigolets. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts ap- 413 414 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 proved May 23, 1828, and July 25, 1912, for the section between Mobile Bay and Mississippi Sound. For further details, see page 906, Annual Report for 1930. Existing project. This provides for a waterway 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide at mean low water from Apalachee Bay, Fla., to Mobile Bay, Ala., and 12 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Mobile Bay, Ala., to the Rigolets, La. (Lake Borgne Light No. 41); for a tributary channel (the Gulf County Canal), 9 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 6 miles long connecting the Intracoastal Water- way at White City, Fla., with St. Joseph Bay; and for the con- struction of a movable span in the Georgia, Florida & Alabama Railroad bridge crossing the Ochlockonee River near McIntyre, Fla. Length of the waterway between the 12-foot depth con- tours in Apalachee Bay and Lake Borgne Light No. 41 at the Rigolets is 379 miles. The estimated cost of new work (1954) is $6,691,900, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $345,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: i Acts Work authorized Documents ------- I I - ----- APALACHICOLA BAY TO ST. MARKS RIVER, FLA. t Aug. 26, 1937 A channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide at mean low H. Doe. 291, 75th Cong., 1st sess. water from Apalachicola Bay, Fla., via St. George Sound, Carrabelle, Crooked, and Ochlockonee Rivers and Ochlockonee and Apalachee Bays to St. Marks River, Fla. APALACHICOLA RIVER TO ST. ANDREW BAY, FLA. June 25, 1910 A channel 5 feet deep at mean low water and 65 feet H. Doc. 670, 61st Cong., 2d sess. wide at the bottom. (2) A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 Rivers and Harbors Committee wide at the bottom. Doec. 52, 72d Cong., 2d sess.' CHOCTAWHATCHEE BAY TO WEST BAY, FLA. l Aug. 30, 1935 A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet H. Doe. 259, 72d Cong., 1st sess. wide at the bottom. June 25, 1910 A channel 6 feet deep at mean low water, with no H. Doc. 565, 61st Cong., 2d sess. reference to width. CHOCTAWHATCHEE BAY TO PENSACOLA BAY, FLA. Aug. 30, 1935 A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet River and Harbors Committee wide at the bottom. Doc. 42, 73d Cong., 2d sess.' PENSACOLA BAY, FLA. TO MOBILE BAY, ALA. July 3, 1930 A channel 9 feet deep at mean low water and 100 feet H. Doc. 42, 71st Cong., 1st sess. wide at the bottom. MOBILE BAY, ALA., TO NEW ORLEANS, LA. July A channel 300 feet wide and 10 feet deep from the 10- 3, 1903 Rivers and Harbors Committee foot contour in Mobile Bay to the 10-foot contour Doc. 4, 71st Cong., 1st sess.' in Mississippi Sound. Do ...... A channel 100 feet wide and 9 feet deep from Lake H. Doc. 341, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Pontchartrain to Mississippi Sound. APALACHEE BAY, FLA., TO NEW ORLEANS, LA. July 23,1942 A channel 12 feet deep and_125 feet wide at mean low Public Law 675, 77th Cong., and water, except in the section between Mobile, Ala., H. Doc. 96, 79th Cong., 1st sess. and New Orleans, La., where the width is to be 150 feet. June 17, 1943 Conditional acquisition of Gulf Canal, Fla., and en- H. Doc. 257, 76th Cong., 1st sess., largement of the canal to 9 feet deep and 100 feet and Public Law 75, 78th Cong., wide. 1stsess. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 415 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1945 Construction of a movable span in the Georgia, H. Doe. 442, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Florida & Alabama R.R. bridge crossing the Ochlockonee River. May 17, 1950 Abandonment and closure of original Channel be- H. Doc. 325, 81st Cong., 1st sess.t tween Big Lagoon and Pensacola Bay and con- struction of a new channel to enter the bay north of original entrance. 1 Contain the latest published maps. 2 ERA Act, May 28, 1935, and River and Harbor Act, Aug. 30, 1935. Local cooperation. The requirements of local cooperation for this project have been fully compiled with except for the section from Apalachee Bay to Carrabelle, Fla. The requirements of local cooperation for the section from Apalachee Bay to Carrabelle, Fla., provide that local interests undertake all necessary modifications of bridges over the water- way, except the construction of a movable span in the Georgia, Florida & Alabama Railroad bridge over the Ochlockonee River near McIntyre, Fla., furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required, and release the United States from all claims for damages incidental to the work of improvement. Conditions of local cooperation required by the 9- by 100-foot project authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937, were fulfilled with exception of the pro- vision concerning alteration of the Georgia, Florida & Alabama Railroad bridge at McIntyre, Fla., which condition was removed by authority of the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. Local interests were notified January 9, 1951, of the conditions of local cooperation as altered by the authorization of a 12- by 125-foot waterway in Public Law 675, 77th Congress (July 23, 1942), and by revised regulations pertaining to bridge clearances across the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities available for public use are located at Carrabelle, Apalachicola, Panama City, and Pensacola, Fla.; Mobile and Bayon La Batre, Ala.; Pascagoula, Biloxi, Gulfport, Pass Christian, and Bay St. Louis, Miss. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Repair and mainte- nance work of the erosion-protective works on the Choctawhatchee Bay-West Bay section of the waterway was performed by Govern- ment plant and hired labor from July 1 to August 31, 1953, from January 11 to 22, 1954, and from March 22 to April 15, 1954, at a cost of $5,644. The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans removed 529,545 cubic yards of material from the Apalachicola Bay section December 5, 1953 to January 30, 1954, at a cost of $52,179; 42,801 cubic yards from the Apalachicola-St. Andrew Bay section March 9 to March 18, 1954, at a cost of $10,067; and 68,147 cubic yards from the Choctawhatchee Bay-West Bay section December 3 to 4, 1953, and March 22 to April 9, 1954, at a cost of $20,192. The U. S. snagboat Albany removed 872 obstructions from the Apalachicola- St. Andrew Bay section February 9 to March 4, 1954, at a cost of Sig 14---415-446 416 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 $10,497. The contractor's dredge Moreland removed 28,620 cubic yards of material from the Pensacola Bay-Mobile Bay section September 15 to 23, 1953, at a cost of $9,244. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys of the entire waterway cost $21,561. The cost for the fiscal year was $129,384, charged to mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in 1911, was about 87 percent completed. The latest ex- aminations show minimum depths, at mean low water, available to navigation as follows: Minimum depth Date Section Project Left Mid- Right depth outside channel for outside (feet) quarter half project quarter (feet) width (feet) (feet) Jan. 1954- ..... Apalachicola Bay to Carrabelle, Fla. 12 12. 0 12. 0 12. O0 Jan. 1954-..... Apalachicola River to St. Andrew 12 9.0 9.0 8. 5 Bay, Fla. Jan. 1954 ..... Gulf County Canal, Fla........._... 9 8. 2 8. 0 5. 1 May 1954..... Choctawhatchee Bay to West Bay, 12 10.0 12.0 10.0 Fla. July 1952...... Choctawhatchee Bay to Pensacola 12 12. 0 12. 0 12.0 Bay, Fla. Oct. 1953...... Pensacola Bay, Fla. to Mobile Bay, 12 11.0 11.0 11.0 Ala. Sept. 1952..... Mobile Bay, Ala. to the Rigolets, La. 12 11.0 11. 5 11.0 The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to project dimensions the section from Carrabelle, Fla., to Apalachee Bay, Fla., via Carrabelle, Crooked, and Och- lockonee Rivers, and Ochlockonee and Apalachee Bays, Fla.; and dredging a channel to project dimensions from Big Lagoon to Pensacola Bay along an alinement north of the present channel. Due to abandonment of the Georgia, Florida & Alabama Railroad under Interstate Commerce Commission permit, disposal of the rail, and removal of the fixed bridge across the Ochlockonee River at McIntyre, construction of a new bridge with a movable span at that location, as authorized in the Act of March 2, 1945, is no longer necessary. The cost for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds________________ $5, 494, 863 $3, 412, 101 $8, 906 964 Emergency Relief funds ____________________4340, 000 340, 000 Total-.........----------- ------------------- 5,834,863 3,412,101 9,246,964 RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 417 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work.: Appropriated... ------------------ $5, 834, 863 Cost...---------------------------------------------------------- 5, 834, 863 Maintenance: Appropriated ....- . _ $198, 500 $117, 100 $127, 147 $98, 588 $138, 029 3, 421, 633 Cost ----------------- 157, 838 159, 021 92, 639 141, 648 129, 384 3, 412, 101 1 Exclusive of $45,605 for new work and $65,137 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project_ -...........-....--......... .. ...................... $857,000 2. APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA. AND FLA. Location. The Apalachicola River is formed at the southwest corner of the State of Georgia by the junction of the Chatta- hoochee and Flint Rivers and flows south 108 miles, emptying into Apalachicola Bay. The Florida River enters the Apalachicola River from the east 45.4 miles above its mouth, and the River Styx also enters from the east, 36.7 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1262). The Chattachoochee River, 418 miles long, rises in northeast Georgia and flows southwesterly to West Point, and thence southerly to join the Flint River at the southwest corner of Georgia, forming the Apalachicola River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for northwest Georgia). The Flint River, 330 miles long, rises in west-central Georgia, flows generally southeasterly to Albany, and thence southwest to the southwest corner of the State, where it joins the Chatta- hoochee River to form the Apalachicola River. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey maps for southwest Georgia). Previous projects. Expenditures on the Apalachicola River were made between 1828 and 1831, but apparently under no definite project. In 1835 and 1836, appropriations were made for the Chipola River. For further details, see page 690, Annual Report for 1938. Projects for the Apalachicola River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 13, 1902, Jan- uary 6, 1934, and June 20, 1938. For further details, see the ex- isting project for Apalachicola River, page 568, Annual Report for 1944. Projects for the Flint River, Ga., were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, and June 14, 1880. For further details, see the existing project for Flint River, Ga., page 570, Annual Report for 1944. The River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, made an appropri- ation for the section of the Chattahoochee River between West Point and Franklin, Ga., and appropriations therefor were con- tinued until 1899, when they were discontinued. For further de- tails, see page 1834, Annual Report for 1915, and page 696, Annual Report for 1938. The River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1874, adopted the project for the Chattahoochee River from its mouth to Columbus, Ga. For further details, see existing project for 418 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 that river on page 572, Annual Report for 1944. For total cost and expenditures on all previous projects, see cost and financial summary for the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla., for the fiscal year 1945. Existing project. Prior to the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, the existing project for the Apalachicola River provided for a channel therein 6 feet deep at low water and 100 feet wide, to be secured by removing snags and overhanging trees and by widening and straightening Moccasin Slough, for a channel 5 feet deep and 60 feet wide through the Cutoff, Lee Slough, and lower Chipola River, together with snagging and dredging to a depth of 6 feet the lower 2,500 feet of Styx River and improving of Florida River by dredging a new outlet 6 feet deep, 80 feet wide, and about 600 feet downstream of its present mouth; for the Chattahoochee River, a channel 4 feet deep at low water and 100 feet wide from the mouth to Columbus, Ga., 164 miles, by re- moving timber obstructions, dredging, contraction works, and shore protection; and for the Flint River, a channel 100 feet wide and 3 feet deep at extreme low water from the mouth to Albany, 103 miles, to be obtained by dredging, rock excavations, contrac- tion works, and removal of snags, together with a channel for light-draft steamers at moderate stages from Albany to Monte- zuma, 79 miles, to be obtained by removing loose rocks, snags, and overhanging trees. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, approved the general plan presented in House Document No. 342, 76th Congress, 1st session, for the full development of the Apalachicola, Chatta- hoochee, and Flint River system in the combined interest of navi- gation and power, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment of that plan modification of the then existing projects for the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers to provide for the construction of two of the locks and dams for a 9-foot project, one at Fort Benning and one at the junction, sup- plemented by dredging and contraction works, to provide an initial navigable depth of 6 feet to Columbus on the Chattahoochee and to Bainbridge on the Flint at an estimated cost for new work of $6,500,000, with annual maintenance of $200,000 in addition to that previously authorized. The remaining elements of the ap- proved plan included navigation-power dams with locks at the Florence, Fort Gaines, Columbia, and Paramore Landing sites on the Chattahoochee between the Junction and Fort Benning sites; storage-power reservoirs on the upper Chattahoochee at the Ros- well, Cedar Creek, and Lanier sites; storage-power reservoirs on the upper Flint at the Woodbury No. 2, Potato Creek, and Au- chumpkee Creek sites; dredging, cutoffs, contraction works, or other open river methods, to provide, with the aforementioned dams and flow regulation, channels 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the mouth of the Apalachicola River to Columbus, 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the Flint River from its mouth to Bain- bridge, and 5 feet deep and 100 feet wide thence to Albany, at an estimated construction cost to the United States of $66,629,000 for the full development. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved modifica- RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 419 tion of the general plan in accordance with House Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session, to include improvements proposed by the Chief of Engineers in lieu of the corresponding works of the plan presented in House Document 342, 76th Congress, 1st session, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the modified plan the construction of Buford multipurpose reser- voir, Fort Benning lock and dam, and the Upper Columbia and Jim Woodruff, formerly Junction, multiple purpose developments, and supplemental channel work to provide a channel depth of 9 feet for a minimum width of 100 feet in the Apalachicola River, to Columbus, Ga., on the Chattahoochee River, 268 miles, and to Bainbridge, Ga., on the Flint River, 29 miles above its junction with the Chattahoochee River. The Committee on Public Works of the House of Representatives, by resolution adopted May 19, 1953, approved the plan as proposed by the Chief of Engineers for a low dam at the Columbia site and a high dam at the Fort Gaines site in lieu of a high dam at the Upper Columbia site and a low dam at the Fort Benning site. The following table gives the various features of the proposed locks and dams and multiple-purpose developments included in the existing project: Proposed structures Jim Woodruff Columbia Fort Gaines Buford lock and dam lock and dam lock and dam dam Miles above mouth .. __________------ ... 107.61-- 75.22-------........ 46.52---------.......... 348.52. Nearest town---................-----------------.. Chattahoochee, Columbia, Fort Gaines, Buford, Ga. Fla. Ala. Ga. Distance (miles)....... ....-------------------- 1 3----------- 2----...-------...... 5. Greatest lock length available for full 450....---------- 450.....--------- 450-.... width (feet). Width of chamber (feet)____-________ 82______ 82...-----------. 82.. Lift(feet)--------------------------- 33.0----------- 21.0 .....----------- 92.0. Elevation of normal pool surface (msl)___ 77.0 ...........95.0 ._._._-- 190.0 .. _-.. 1070.0. Depth over sills at low water (feet) 14. 0 --. 1 13.0 ...--------- 13.0_ ........ Character of foundation_ Limestone .- Limestone.... Limestone .- Rock. Kind of dam__ ___________-- ----- Fixed Fixed- ...... .. Fixed _____. Fixed. Height ofdam (feet).._________________ 67.----------- 58.......----------- 114.......---------- 192. Type of construction ---------------- _ Concrete __ Concrete-...... Concrete, Earth. earth. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet) 385, 000_ 12,000-_ _- 924, 600..... 2, 077, 000. Power development (kilowatts) _____-_ 30,000 ._ __ ._____. 130,000-------- 86,000. Percent complete-------------- . 74---_------- ---------------- -------------. 21. Year opened to navigation - Estimated cost: Construction _____________________ $44, 444,900__.... $10, 640,600 .- $62, 457,000__.. $22, 763,100. Lands_________________ 2,468, 500__... 138, 400...__ 6, 668,000....____ 4,311,000. Relocations_ . 182, 600 --.. 17, 204,000__.. 13,631, 900. Total_ . 47,096,000_ 10,779,000 .-. 86,329,000 .... 40,706,000. 1 Above mouth of Apalachicola River. 2 Above mouth of Chattahoochee River. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $185,890,- 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimated annual cost for maintenance is $1,085,000 (includes $875,000 for operating and care). The mean range of tide at the mouth of the Apalachicola River is 1.6 feet; at the point where the river is formed the variation between low and high water is about 37 feet. On the Chatta- hoochee River, the variation between average low and high water is about 20 feet, and the extreme fluctuation is 65.3 feet at Eufaula. 420 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 On the Flint River, the extreme fluctuation of stage due to floods was 40 feet, while the average variation between low and high water is about 21.5 feet. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas, as and when required, for provision and maintenance of the channel in Apalachicola River below Jim Woodruff Dam, to maintain and operate at their ex- pense all utility and highway facilities which are relocated or otherwise altered as a part of the improvement, to provide suit- able public terminal facilities open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from the construction of the improvement. Terminal facilities. At Apalachicola, Fla., the facilities consist of several marginal pile-and-timber wharves. The landing at Blountstown, Fla., is a natural one. A private wharf at River Junction, Fla., is used for landing and storing sand and gravel. On the Flint River there is a natural landing at Bainbridge, Ga., and also at Albany, Ga. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals consist of natural landings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a masonry marginal landing at Columbus. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The work performed on the existing project consisted of continued construction on the Buford and Jim Woodruff dams, and continued preliminary plan- ning studies on the Fort Gaines dam. Information regarding operations and costs applicable to the individual developments is presented in the separate reports on the respective projects. The following table summarizes the costs for the fiscal year on the overall project for the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers: Costs Structure Contract Hired labor Total New work: Buford Dam ___ ___ __________-_______.. . ... $3, 041, 162 $260,100 $3,301,262 Fort Gaines Lock and Dam ______________________....... ... . _ 158, 855 158,855 Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam - 6, 594, 314 60, 853 6, 655, 167 T o tal __ ________________- . . . . . . . .... 9 ,6 3 5,4 76 4 79 ,8 08 10 ,1 1 5 ,28 4 Maintenance operations in connection with Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam cost $1,170. The total cost on the existing project for the fiscal year was $10,116,454, of which $10,115,284 was for new work and $1,170 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Information regarding condi- tion at the end of the fiscal year of the individual developments is presented in the separate reports on the respective projects. The controlling depths in the channel at the time shown were as follows: Apalachicola River, 4.5 feet, June 1950; the Cutoff, Lee Slough and Lower Chipola River, 5 feet, October 1943; mouth RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 421 of Florida River and River Styx, 6 feet, October 1947; Chatta- hooochee River, mouth to Columbus, 3 feet, June 1945; Flint River, mouth to Bainbridge, 2.6 feet, and Bainbridge to Albany, 1.5 feet, June 1941. Ordinarily, boats drawing 5 feet can operate through- out the year on the Apalachicola River at a stage of zero on the River Junction gage. Greater depths are usually available from January to July of each year. On the Chattahoochee River, ves- sels drawing less than 3 feet may operate throughout the year, and 5 feet can ordinarily be carried from December to June. The head of boat traffic on that river is Columbus, Ga. On the Flint River, greater depths than those shown are generally available between November and June of each year. The head of naviga- tion for boat traffic on that river is Albany, Ga. The work remain- ing to be done to complete the project consists of improving the channel of the Apalachicola River from the mouth to Jim Woodruff Dam, completing construction of Jim Woodruff Dam, and con- structing Columbia Lock and Dam, Fort Gaines Lock and Dam, and Buford Dam. The total cost under the existing project was $44,483,967, of which $44,234,262 was for new work and $249,705 for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated-..._.. $7, 691, 000 $4, 520, 000 $7, 411, 152 $14, 365, 000 $12, 522, 000 $52, 094, 152 Cost--------------- 4, 542, 374 6, 538, 549 8, 042, 233 12, 401, 023 10, 115, 284 44, 234, 262 Maintenance: Appropriated ... 79, 737 12, 080 9, 488 ------------ 3, 240 251, 775 Cost_ --------------- 79, 877 4, 993 16, 979 ------------- 1, 170 249, 705 1 Exclusive of $1,885,117 for new work and $2,246,233 for maintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_........-......-..... $4, 029,408 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-..~.... 15, 330, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -----------------------...---------------- 19, 359, 408 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------------.................... .................................... 118, 466, 000 3. BUFORD DAM AND RESERVOIR, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA., AND FLA. Location. Buford Dam is on the Chattahoochee River about 348.5 miles above its mouth, 50 miles above Atlanta, and 5 miles northwest of the town of Buford, Ga. The reservoir extends about 47 miles upstream along the Chattahoochee River, and about 21 miles up the Chestatee River, which enters the Chattahoochee River 14.5 miles above the dam. Existing project. This project, now under construction, con- sists of a rolled-fill earth dam 1,630 feet long, with crest at eleva- tion 1,106 feet mean sea level, or about 192 feet above streambed elevation; three earth saddle dikes with a total length of 6,600 feet; a chute spillway with crest at elevation 1,085; a powerhouse in a deep cut with steel penstocks in tunnels, and concrete intake 422 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 structure at upstream end of tunnels; and a flood-control sluice tunnel paralleling the power tunnels. The underlying foundation is rock. The reservoir will have a gross capacity of 2,077,000 acre-feet, of which 192,000 acre-feet will be reserved for flood control and 1,018,000 acre-feet will be used for hydroelectric power, with normal pool elevation at 1,070. Power installations will consist of one generating unit of 6,000 kilowatts, and two units of 40,000 kilowatts each, or a total of 86,000 kilowatts. The approved estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $40,706,000, of which, $22,736,100 is for construction, $4,311,000 for lands and damages, and $13,631,900 for relocations. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $210,- 000, including operation and care. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved modifica- tion of the general plan for full development of the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River system, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment thereof the construction of Buford multipurpose reservoir and other related developments in accordance with House Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. This prrovides that local interests agree to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which may be relocated or otherwise altered at part of the improvement, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from construction of the improvement. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work per- formed under contract during the fiscal year was as follows: Main dam commenced....------........ ----------------------------.......... $277, 406 Outlet works continued .------. ----..... ........---------.... -- 651, 031 Power intake works commenced ..... . . . ...........------------------------------- 1,488,472 Saddle dikes completed ------------------------...-------------- 3, 360 Powerhouse equipment ... -------------------------------------- 84 Design and manufacture of turbines and generators continued-------.......--. 70, 895 Tailrace completed---------------------------------------... 52, 846 Relocations of roads, railroads, and utilities .... ---- .---------------------.... 499, 013 Buildings, grounds and utilities.......---------------..... ................----------------- 2, 770 Total contract costs.. --------.....---------------.....----------- 3,045, 877 New work performed with hired labor consisted of continued acquisition of lands and payment of damages at a cost of $259,864. The cost of stores and supplies was $236. An adjustment of prior year cost of roads, railroads, and bridges resulted in a credit of $4,715. The total cost during the fiscal year for Buford Dam and Reservoir was $3,301,262. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of Buford Dam and Reservoir, which was commenced in February 1950, was about 21 percent completed. Saddle dikes, spillway, and lining of tunnels were completed. Construction of intake structures was well ad- vanced and work on main dam had commenced. Design and manufacture of turbines and generators was being continued. Work in connection with land acquisition and relocation of roads and utilities was in progress. Work remaining to be done includes completion of dam, powerhouse, and switchyard; acquisition of RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 423 lands and relocation of roads and utilities; and clearing of the reservoir area. The total cost under the existing project for Buford Dam and Reservoir was $8,646,879 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952. 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated _-------- 1 $1, 318, 000 $1, 150,000 $4, 101,000 $5,120,000 $12,671, 000 Cost--- -------- 669,614 1, 785, 537 2, 165, 034 3,301, 262 8, 646, 879 1 Included under project for Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending; June 30, 1954.... $1, 942, 314 ......---------- Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955......-..... 10, 310, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending Junie 30, 1955-........ 11, 442, 314 Estimated additional* amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-----------... --.. --.. ---------------- 17, 725,000 4. FORT GAINES LOCK AND DAM, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE, AND FLINT RIVERS, GA., AND FLA. Location. The proposed Fort Gaines Lock and Dam will be located on the Chattahoochee River about 75.2 miles above its mouth and about 1.5 miles above the town of Fort Gaines, Ga:. (See U.S. Geological Survey maps for northwest Georgia.) Existing project. This project, as now planned, provides for a concrete dam, gated spillway, and tandem locks, with earth em- bankments at either side. The non-overflow section of the dam will include powerhouse and intake structures. The gated spillway will be 692 feet long with fixed crest at elevation 163 feet mean sea level. The two earth embankments, of almost equal lengths, will have a total length of 11,940 feet, with crest elevation at 216, or about 114 feet above streambed elevation. The non-overflow section of the concrete dam will have a total length of 712 feet, and the deck of the powerhouse section will be at elevation 209. The two locks in tandem will each have usable chamber dimensions of 82 feet by 450 feet, and a combined total lift of 92 feet with normal upper pool elevation at 190. Depths will be 13 feet over lower sill and 18 feet over upper still at normal pool elevation. The un- derlying foundation is limestone. Total reservoir capacity will be 924,600 acre-feet, with 209,800 acre-feet reserved for power. Power installation will consist of 4 units of 32,500 kilowatts each, or a total of 130,000 kilowatts. The approved estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $86,329,000, of which $62,457,000 is for construction, $6,668,000 for lands and damages, and $17,204,000 for relocations. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $254,000, including operation and care. The Committee on Public Works of the House of Representa- tives, by resolution adopted May 19, 1953, approved the plan as pro- posed by the Chief of Engineers for a high dam at the Fort Gaines 424 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 site and a low dam at the Columbia site in lieu of a low dam at the Fort Benning site and a high dam at the upper Columbia site, construction of which had been authorized by the River and Har- bor Act of July 24, 1946, as initiation and partial accomplish- ment of the plan for full development of the Apalachicola, Chat- tahoochee, and Flint River system. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which may be relocated or otherwise altered as part of the improvement, to provide suitable public terminal facilities open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from construction of the im- provement. Terminal facilities. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals consist of natural landings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a masonry marginal landing, at Columbus. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Hired labor: Preliminary planning studies were continued and a general design memorandum was completed. The total cost was $158,855 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on this project. A memorandum on the general design has been completed. Work remaining to be done prior to initiation of construction consists of the preparation of plans and specifica- tions. The total cost to June 30, 1954, under the existing project was $580,635 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - Cost ....---------------- 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1$187, 598 $152, 000 158, 855 $583, 113 580, 635 1Amounts shown are those carried on cost account (Form 38) for Upper Columbia Lock and Dam (Fort Gaines L & D is now proposed in lieu of the formerly proposed Upper Columbia L & D). 2 Amounts included under project for Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga., and Fla. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .....-------------- $..2,479 20,000 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----..---......... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.....------------------------------------------22,479 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- 85, 726, 000 pletion of existing project------.....................---------------------- 5. JIM WOODRUFF LOCK AND DAM, APALACHICOLA, CHATTAHOOCHEE AND FLINT RIVERS, GA., AND FLA. Location. Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam is on the Apalachicola River, 107.6 miles above its mouth, about 1,000 feet below the confluence of the Chattahoochee and Flint Rivers, and 1.5 miles RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT .425 northwest of Chattahoochee, Florida. The reservoir extends about 52 miles upstream along the Chattahoochee River to the vicinity of Columbia, Alabama, and about 47 miles upstream along the Flint River, or 17 river miles above Bainbridge, Georgia. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Southwest Georgia.) Existing project. This project, now under construction, con- sists of a concrete open-crest spillway 1,634 feet long on the right bank, with crest at elevation 79.0 feet mean sea level; a single- lift lock with usable chamber dimensions of 82 feet by 450 feet, a maximum lift of 33.0 feet, and depth over sills of 14.0 feet; a gated spillway 760 feet long with bridge at elevation 107 feet mean sea level, or about 67 feet above streambed elevation; a powerhouse with intake section constituting a portion of the dam; an earth section 490 feet long to accommodate switchyard and substation; and an overflow dike section 2,820 feet long on left bank, with crest at elevation 85. ' The underlying foundation is limestone. At normal pool elevation of 77, the reservoir will have a total capacity of 385,000 acre-feet, of which, 37,000 acre-feet will be used for the generation of hydroelectric power. The power installations consist of 3 units of 10,000 kilowatts each, or a total of 30,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $47,096,000, consisting of $44,444,900 for construction, $2,468,500 for lands and damages, and $182,600 for relocations. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $263,000, in- cluding operation and care of lock and dam. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved modifica- tion of the general plan for full development of the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River system, and authorized for the initiation and partial accomplishment thereof the construction of Jim Woodruff, formerly Junction, multipurpose development and other related developments in accordance with House Document 300, 80th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. This provides that local interests agree to maintain and operate at their expense all utility and highway facilities which are relocated or otherwise altered as a part of the improvement, to provide suitable public terminal facilities open to all on equal terms, and to hold and save the United States free from damages which might arise from the construction of the im- provement. Terminal facilities. A private wharf at River Junction, Fla., is used for landing and storing sand and gravel. On the Flint River there is a natural landing at Bainbridge, Ga., and also at Albany, Ga. On the Chattahoochee River the terminals consist of natural landings at Columbus, Ga., and Eufaula, Ala., and a masonry marginal landing at Columbus. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work performed under contract during the fiscal year was as follows: 426. REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Construction of gated spillway continued....... .......-------------------- $2, 372,589 Lock guide walls and operating equipment--------.-.-.-.......... 16, 292 Work on powerhouse continued.... .. 934, 195 Design and manufacture of turbines and generators continued 549, 754 Powerhouse equipment....................--------------------------887,474 Work on switchyard continued_.... .. 35, 881 Construction of roads continued_......... 2, 612 Channel excavation.........-------------......... 214, 084 Permanent operating equipment- ,.......__...... - --..... 10, 664 Relocations of roads and utilities continued--------..-.........___......_ 74, 373 Reservoir preparation continued and clearing commenced_--............... 1,496,395 Total contract costs ----.-..--...--..----........ . -- . 6, 594, 314 New work performed with hired labor consisted of continued acquisition of lands and payment of damages at a cost of $59,066, and other miscellaneous work at a cost of $1,787. Maintenance operations in connection with the project cost $1,170. The total cost during the fiscal year was $6,656,337, of which $6,655,167 was for new work and $1,170 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, which was commenced in September 1947, was about 74 percent completed. Work on lock and fixed-crest spill- way has been completed. Construction of gated spillway, power- house, and switchyard, and preparation of reservoir area, were well advanced. Work remaining to be done consists principally of completion of gated spillway, powerhouse, and switchyard, and some further reservoir clearing. The total cost under the existing project for Jim Wodruff Lock and Dam was $3.4,873,445. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --.. 1 $2, 922, 000 $6, 309, 000 $10, 264, 000 $7, 250, 000 $38, 763, 000 Cost -1 . 1......... $5, 948, 571 $6, 053, 839 $10, 030, 160 $6, 655, 167 $34, 873, 445 Maintenance: Appropriated------... --- ---------------------------------------- 3, 240 3, 240 Cost ---------------- ---------------------------------------- 1, 170 1, 170 1Included under project for Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga., and Fla. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954..__................... $2,084, 616 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............ 5, 000, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-..... ......... ...............................--------------------------- 7, 084, 616 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project.---.............---..........-------------------------......................................... 3,333, 000 6. EAST PASS CHANNEL FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO INTO CHOCTAWHATCHEE BAY, FLA. Location. This is an entrance from the Gulf of Mexico into Choctawhatchee Bay at the eastern end of Santa Rosa Island. It is 48 miles east of the entrance into Pensacola Bay and 49 miles west of the new entrance to St. Andrew Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1264). RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 427 Existing project. This provides for maintenance of a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water, 180 feet wide, and about 3 miles long from Choctawhatchee IBay into the Gulf of Mexico, and main- tenance of a channel 6 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 2,000 feet long from the East Pass Channel into Old Pass Lagoon. The mean range of tide is 1.3 feet; the extreme range, except during storms, is 2.5 feet. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Maintenance of a channel not less than 6 feet deep H. Doec. 209, 70th Cong., 1st sess. and 100 feet wide from Choctawhatchee Bay into the Gulf of Mexico. Oct. 24, 19511 Maintenance of entrance channel 12 feet deep and H. Doc. 470, 81st Cong., 2d sess.' 180 feet wide and channel to Old Pass Lagoon 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide. 1 Public Law 193, 82nd. Cong. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Requires that local interests hold and save the United States free from property damage that might result from maintenance operations. Compliance not requested. Terminal facilities. The small privately owned pile-and-timber piers used in connection with the fishing industry in this locality are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans removed 67,676 cubic yards of material from the entrance channel April 10 to 27, 1954, at a cost of $16,854. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $1,697. The cost for the fiscal year was $18,551 charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, which is for maintenance, was commenced in 1930, and work carried on intermittently since that time. The controlling depths, ascer- tained in May, 1954, were 12 feet in the entrance channel and 6 feet in the channel to Old Pass Lagoon. The cost under the exist- ing project was $178,062, for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated..--...... $15, 000 $7, 004 $51, 867 $13, 700 $21, 107 $181, 246 Cost----------------- 15,082 7, 054 51, 867 13, 072 18, 551 178, 062 7. MOBILE HARBOR, ALA. Location. This harbor, located along the lower 5 miles of Mo- bile River, is in southwestern Alabama, 91 miles by water west of Pensacola Harbor, Fla., 90 miles east of Gulfport Harbor, Miss., and 144 miles by water northeast of the mouth of the Mississippi River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1266.) 428 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Previous projects. The original project for the bar channel was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. The original project for the bay and river channels was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of May 20, 1826, and subsequent projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 11, 1870; March 3, 1879; August 11, 1888; March 3, 1899; June 25, 1910; and August 8, 1917. For further details, see page 1840, Annual Report for 1915; pages 802 and 807, Annual Report for 1916; page 833, Annual Report for 1929; and page 718, Annual Report for 1938. Existingproject. This provides for (1) a 36- by 450-foot chan- nel about 1.5 miles long across Mobile Bar; (2) a 32- by 300-foot channel in Mobile Bay to the mouth of Mobile River; (3) a 32- foot channel in Mobile River to the highway bridge, the widths varying from 500 to 775 feet; (4) a 25-foot channel from the highway bridge to and up Chickasaw Creek to a point 400 feet south of the mouth of Shell Bayou, the widths being 500 feet in Mobile River and 250 feet in Chickasaw Creek; (5) an anchorage area 32 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and 2,000 feet long opposite the United States Quarantine Station on Sand Island; (6) a turning basin 32 feet deep, 2,500 feet long, and 800 to 1,000 feet wide, opposite the Alabama State Docks; (7) a 27- by 150-foot channel from the mouth of Mobile River to and including a turning basin 250 feet wide and 800 feet long in Garrows Bend, and continuing thence to a turning basin 800 feet long and 600 feet wide opposite Brookley Air Force Base ocean terminal, thence a 27- by 150-foot channel along Arlington pier to the Mobile Bay Channel; and (8) maintenance by snagging Three Mile Creek from its intersection with the Industrial Canal to Mobile River. The total length of the bay and river channels is about 41.7 miles. The plane of refer- ence is mean low water. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range at the lower end of the improvement is 1.2 feet and at the upper end 1.5 feet; the extreme tidal range is 3.4 feet at the lower end and 3.6 feet at the upper end. The project was completed at a cost of $1,200,179 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $400,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 429 1 Acts Work authorized Documents i July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions across the bar and to the Rivers and Harbors Committee mouth of Mobile River, thence 32 feet deep and 300 Doc. 26, 71st Cong., 2d sess. feet wide to the highway bridge; and for the an- chorage basin. Aug. 26, 1937 For improvement of Three Mile Creek by snagging Rivers and Harbors Committee from Mobile River to the Industrial Canal. Doec. 69, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Do._..... To provide a 600-foot channel 32 feet deep from a point Rivers and Harbors Committee about 5,000 feet south of the mouth of Three Mile Doe. 44, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Creek to the highway bridge across Mobile River, subject to the provision that no dredging be per- formed within 50 feet of any pierhead line. Oct. 17, 1940 To provide a channel 27 feet deep and 125 feet wide H. Doc. 221, 76th Cong., 1st sess. from the Mobile River channel at itsmouth through Garrows Bend to and including a turning basin of the same depth, 800 feet long and 250 feet wide. Do----... Further modified to provide for extension of the chan- H. Doc. 282, 76th Cong., 1st sess. nel through Garrows Bend 27 feet deep and 125 feet wide to and including a turning basin of the same depth, 800 feet long and 600 feet wide. May 28,1935 Authorized and adopted the improvement of Chicka- Emergency Relief Act of 1935. Aug. 30, 1935 saw Creek by snagging and dredging. H. Doec. 47, 73d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Adoption of existing channel through Garrows Bend H. Doc. 282, 76th Cong., 1st sess. from Choctaw Point to Arlington pier, 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide, with 2 turning basins. Adoption of the existing channel alongside Arlington pier from the Mobile Bay Channel to turning basin at the inner end of Garrows Bend Channel, 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide. An anchorage area 32 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and approximately 2,000 feet long on the west side of the Mobile Bay Channel at the quarantine station on Sand Island, by extending the present anchorage southward 500 feet and northward to an inter- section with the Mobile River Channel. A channel 700 feet wide in Mobile River from the mouth to the first bend, 775 feet wide through the first bend, 600 feet wide thence to Alabama State docks pier A, south, and a turning basin opposite the Alabama State docks about 2,500 feet long, 800 feet wide at the lower end, and 1,000 feet wide at the upper end, all to a depth of 32 feet. A channel 25 feet deep and generally 500 feet wide in Mobile River from the highway bridge to the mouth of Chickasaw Creek, thence 25 feet deep and 250 feet wide in Chickasaw Creek to a point about 400 feet below Shell Bayou. 1 Contain the latest published maps. Recommended modification of the project. Under date of July 31, 1952, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for enlarging the Mobile Bar Channel to a depth of 42 feet and width of 500 feet, enlarging the Mobile Bay main channel to a depth of 40 feet and width of 400 feet, deepening the Mobile River Channel from the mouth to the high- way bridge and the turning basin opposite the Alabama State Docks to depths of 40 feet for widths essentially as provided for under the existing project, and widening the river channel to 800 feet opposite Magazine Point to provide a turning basin 40 feet deep and 1,400 feet long with additional tapered sections at each end; at an estimated cost to the United States of $5,778,000 for new work and $290,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required; subject to certain conditions of local coopera- tion (H. Doc. 74, 83d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. For the work author- ized in accordance with House Document No. 47, 73d Congress, 1st session; Rivers and Harbors Committee Document No. 44, 75th Congress, 1st session; House Document No. 221, 76th Congress, 1st session; House Document No. 282, 76th Congress, 1st session; and House Document No. 739, 79th Congress, 2d session; local in- 430 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 terests are required to furnish necessary spoil-disposal areas for subsequent maintenance as required. Terminal facilities. The modern rail-connected terminal facili- ties at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 18, revised in 1949.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The contractor's pipeline dredge Mansfield removed 765,863 cubic yards of material in the Arlington Channel June 1 to 21, 1954, and 235,241 cubic yards of material in the Mobile Bay Channel June 22 to 30, 1954, at a cost of $73,819. The cost for buoy mark- ing the wreck "Magnolia" was $477. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $21,804. The cost for the fiscal year was $96,100, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in 1931, was completed in July 1949. The latest examina- tion show minimum depths, at mean low water, available to navi- gation as follows: Minimum depth Project Date Section depth Left Left Right Right (feet) outside inside inside outside quarter quarter quarter quarter (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) February 1954 Bar Channel------_....._--------------- 36 36.0 36.0 36.0 36.0 Bay Channel: January 1954 South end to beacon 24------------............--. 32 30.0 32.0 32.0 30.0 Do-....... Beacon 24 to beacon 38--------------............. 32 31.0 32.0 32.0 31.0 Do......... Beacon 38 to mouth of river--------......... 32 31.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 River Channel: January 1954 Mouth to first bend-----------------................. 32 30.0 31.5 29.0 26.0 Do___....__ Through first bend....-.--------- 32 30.0 32.0 32.0 30.5 November 1953 Second bend to turning basin....... 32 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 Do......... Turning basin -------.................... 32 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 Do-........ Turning basin to highway bridge.-.- 32 32.0 32.0 20.0 15.5 Chickasaw Creek: October 1953 Highway bridge to mouth of creek... 25 25.0 25.0 17. 5 16.5 Do......---------. Mouth to 400 feet, south of Shell 25 23.0 24.0 24.0 22.5 Bayou. June 1954 Arlington Channel_. - ------- 27 27.0 27. 0 27.0 27.0 October 1953 Garrows Bend Channel-_- ...-------. 27 20.0 22.0 22.0 19.5 June 1954 Garrows Bend Turning Basin...----..-------. 27 27.0 27.0 27.0 27.0 January 1954 Quarantine Station Basin---------------............... 32 24.0 28.0 28.0 32.0 A channel 27 feet deep and 150 feet wide alongside of Arlington Pier from Mobile Bay Channel to the turning basin at the inner end of Garrows Bend Channel was completed in April 1942. This channel, constructed with military funds for the Brookley Air Force Base, was included in the project for Mobile Harbor, Ala., by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 282, 76th Cong., 1st sess., and H. Doc. 739, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The costs on the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 431 Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds------------ _,- - -- $1, 144, 937 $6, 536, 416 $7, 681, 353 Public Works funds---- ----------------------------.. -- 14, 000--14, 000 Emergency Relief funds---...........................------------------------------.... 41,242 ---------------- 41, 242 Total.----------..---------- ---.--... .. 1,200, 179 6,536,416 7,736,595 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated... -$28, 988 ------- ------------------------------------ $1, 200, 179 Cost....----------------- 64, 850 1,200,179 Maintenance: Appropriated--... _- 549, 250 $216, 031 $306, 050 $473, 369 $245, 410 6, 688, 870 Cost .---------------- 493, 022 257, 945 350, 637 474, 598 96, 100 6, 536, 416 1 Exclusive of $6,683,104 for new work and $4,096,681 for maintenance for previous projects. 8. REMOVING THE WATER HYACINTH, MOBILE DISTRICT Location. Streams tributary to the Gulf coast in the Mobile district. Existing project. This provides for the extermination or re- moval of plants from the navigable waters of Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, so far as they are or may be- come an obstruction to commerce, by any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever; for the construction and operation of boats equipped with suitable machinery for such removal; and for the construction and operation of log booms to prevent the drifting of plants from one stream to another. The estimate of cost, made in 1899, was $25,000 each for 2 boats, $10,000 for operation in each district, and $1,000 for the establish- ment of booms. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Appropriations made for the States of Florida and H. Doc. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sess. Louisiana and provided for the extermination or removal of plants, the building of boats, and the establishment of booms. June 13, 1902 Use of any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever. Mar. 3, 1905 Appropriation made available for the State of Texas. Do-,-- Appropriation made for Florida, provided that no Mar. 2,1907 chemical process injurious to cattle shall be used. July 25,1912 Appropriation made available for the State of Miss- issippi, and also made available for use in that State the operating plant pertaining to the work in Louisiana. July 27,1916 Appropriation made available for the State of Ala- bama. 432 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. United States plant and hired labor operating in Alabama on Dog River July 1 to 3, 1953; Little and Big Briar Creeks, July 20 to 30, 1953; and Negro Lake, Smith Bayou, Owl, Maple and Six Bits Creeks, Duck and Squirrel Bayous, June 1 to 30, 1954, sprayed 257 acres of hyacinth. The cost for the fiscal year was $4,334, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, which is for maintenance, was commenced about 1899, and work has been carried on as required since that time. The cost under the exist- ing project was $444,287 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to-.1950 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $25, 000 $25, 000 -$2, 532 $8, 221 $6, 989 $447, 553 Cost ----------------- 28, 358 17, 222 5, 578 7, 610 4, 334 444, 287 9. ALABAMA-COOSA RIVERS, ALA. AND GA. Location. The Alabama River is formed 18 miles above Mont- gomery, Ala., by the junction of the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers. Thence it flows southwesterly through Alabama 318 miles, and unites with the Tombigbee River about 45 miles north of Mobile, in southwestern Alabama, to form the Mobile River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for central and southwest Alabama.) The Coosa River is formed at Rome, Ga., in northwest Georgia, by the junction of the Oostanaula and Etowah Rivers, which have their sources in northern Georgia. From Rome the Coosa River flows southwesterly through Georgia and Alabama 286 miles, and unites with the Tallapoosa River near Montgomery, Ala., at about the center of the State, to form the Alabama River. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for northeast Alabama and northwest Georgia.) Previous projects. Previous projects for Alabama River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, July 13, 1892, March 3, 1905, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1837, Annual Report for 1915; page 725, Annual Report for 1938; and paragraph "Existing project," page 592, Annual Re- port for 1944. Previous projects for the Coosa River were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 14, 1876, September 18, 1890, July 13, 1892, June 25, 1910, and June 26, 1934. For further de- tails of previous projects, see page 1837, Annual Report for 1915; page 728, Annual Report for 1938; and paragraph "Existing project," page 594, Annual Report for 1944. Existing project. This provides for the initial and ultimate development of the Alabama-Coosa Rivers and tributaries for navigation, flood control, power, and other purposes, substantially in accordance with plans being prepared by the Chief of Engi- neers, with such modifications thereof from time to time as in the RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 433 discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable for the purpose of increasing the development of hydroelectric power; for the initiation and accomplishment of the ultimate plan, it authorizes appropriations in such amounts as Congress may from time to time determine to be advisable, the total of such appropriations not to exceed $60 million. The initial phase of the ultimate development provides for the construction of Howell Mill Shoals, Jones Bluff, and Millers Ferry multiple purpose improvements, Claiborne lock and dam, and sup- plemental channel work to provide a channel depth of 9 feet for navigation from the mouth of the Alabama River to Montgomery, Ala. The variation between average high and low water is 40.4 feet. The extreme variation is 58 feet at Montgomery. The following table gives various features of the proposed locks and dams and multiple purpose developments included in the exist- ing project: Proposed structures Claiborne Millers Ferry Jones Bluff Howell Mill lock and dam lock and dam lock and dam Shoals dam Miles above mouth..........----------------- 861.......------------ 1451........---------- 2501_____ 1062. Nearest town------....... _ _ -_Claiborne, Camden, Ala._ Benton, Ala.__ Easonville, Ala. Ala. Distance (miles) __-------------------- 7 ..----------... 7----------- 3-----------........... 1.5. Greatest lock length available for full 450 ..---------- 450 .....----------. 450______ width (feet). Width of lock chamber (feet)---------- 82___....... 82........----------- 82_.______-_ Lift (feet) .-- ........-----------------.. 20-----------............. 50-----------.......... 45 Elevation of normal pool surface (mean 30__ ... ... 80-..--.....--------. 125 .---------- 4903. sea level). Depth over sills at low water (feet) _. 12 .........-.. 12..... -..-. 12.. Character of foundation -------------- _ Rock ... .. Rock.....--------. Rock.......... Rock. Kind of dam _-----_-----------------.- Fixed-....... Fixed......... Fixed- ....... Fixed. Height of dam (feet)-----------------50....----------- 85.......-----------... 91.......-----------... 115. Type construction- .... _______- ._ Concrete---- Concrete ._... Concrete-_._ Concrete. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet) _____-.... . ___ ...---- ...--. 370,000-....... 250,000-....... 680,500. Power development (KW) . __... .---------------- .. 57,000.....__ _____ 51,000_. 132,000. Percent complete-......-- --------------------------------------------- Year opened to navigation--.....--- - ------------------------------------- Estimated cost: Construction___---.--------- - $13,925, 800_... $30,900,100 .... $40,057, 200... $57, 583, 500. Lands and damages______________--- 234, 000...___ 2, 237, 000.. 1,123, 000. 10,696,500. Relocations. ------------------- 1,200,000.... 2, 200, 000 ... 7, 468,200.... 20,000,000. Total cost-_ .- 15,359,800 .. _------------------- 44,337,100_ .- 48,648,400 .... 88,280 000. 1 Above mouth of Alabama River. 2 Above mouth of Coosa River. 3 Power pool. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $198,295,- 300, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,027,000 including operation and care. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 414, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map of Alabama River will be found in Annual Report, 1912, page 2124. Drawings of the Alabama-Coosa Rivers and tributaries are contained in House Document No. 66, 74th Con- gress, 1st session. Public Law 436, 83d Congress, approved June 28, 1954, sus- pended authorization of the comprehensive plan, insofar as it provides for the development of the Coosa River, to permit non- Federal interests to develop the Coosa River by construction of a 434 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 series of dams in accordance with the conditions of a license, if issued, pursuant to the Federal Power Act and in accordance with certain other provisions and requirements of the aforementioned Public Law. The latest published maps of the Coosa River will be found in Annual Report, 1890, page 1644, for that portion of the river from lock No. 4 to Greensport; Annual Report, 1891, page 1752, for that portion between Wetumpka and lock No. 4; and Annual Report, 1913, page 2125, for the upper Coosa. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. On the east bank at Montgomery, a natural landing connects with the city streets. The Wofford Oil Co. has a small wharf about 10 miles below Montgomery equipped for handling petroleum products. There are also various natuzal landings along the river. These facilities and natural landings on the Alabama River are considered adequate for the existing commerce. At Rome, Ga., there is one small wharf on the left bank of Oostanaula River, and a private wharf on the left bank of Etowah River, used exclusively by the owners. These facilities and natural landings on the Coosa River are considered adequate for the exist- ing commerce. Operationand results during fiscal year. New work: Work on engineering studies and advance planning for Howell Mill Shoals Dam was continued at a cost of $38,614. Maintenance: Disposal of property resulted in a credit of $826. The total net cost was $37,788, consisting of a new work cost of $38,614 and a credit of $826 from maintenance operations. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the existing project. The controlling depths on the Alabama River, ascertained in 1938, were as follows; Mouth to Selma, 4 feet; Selma to Montgomery, 3.5 feet; Montgomery to Wetumpka, 3 feet. Boats drawing 3 feet or less can usually oper- ate throughout the year; greater depths are usually available from November to June each year. Zero readings on the gages at Selma and Millers Ferry, Ala., indicate that a depth of 4 feet is available at these locations. A zero reading on the gage at Montgomery, Ala., indicates that a depth of 31/ feet is available. On the Coosa River the controlling depth was 21/2 feet on several of the bars; from Gadsden, Ala., to Woods Ferry, 37 miles, the controlling depth was 3 feet, certain shoals being the controlling points. From Woods Ferry to Lock 4, 9 miles, the controlling depth was 4 feet. These depths are available throughout the year; increased depths ordinarily exist between January and June, inclusive. Since all existing locks on the river are inoperative, through navigation is impossible. The cost under the existing project was $1,736,237, of which $1,645,056 was for new work, $71,918 for maintenance, and $19,263 for operating and care. RIVERS AND HARBORS--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 435 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated......-------- $165, 000 $185, 000 $75, 600 $200, 000 -$41, 000 $1, 684, 600 Cost....... 208, 349 -........ 193, 960 243, 813 101, 784 38, 614 1, 645, 056 Maintenance: Appropriated .......-------- 22, 188 -51 ------------ 5, 886 -826 91, 181 Cost----------------- 23,777 ..---------------------- -- 5,886 -826 91,181 1 Exclusive of $3,692,483 for new work and $2,978,050 for maintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954...................... $39, 544 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------.--...------------- 39, 544 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------..--------------------- 196, 611, 000 10. HOWELL MILL SHOALS DAM, ALABAMA-COOSA RIVER, ALA. AND GA. Location. The proposed Howell Mill Shoals Dam will be located on the Coosa River about 106 miles above its mouth, 123 miles above Montgomery, 11 miles northwest of Talladega, and about 11/2 miles south of Easonville, Alabama. The reservoir will extend about 70 miles upstream along the Coosa River to the vicinity of Gadsden, Alabama. ( See U. S. Geological Survey maps for central Alabama.) Existing project. This project, as now planned, provides for a concrete gravity-type dam and fixed-crest spillway with earth embankments at either side, and three earth saddle dikes. The nonoverflow section of the concrete dam will include powerhouse and intake structures, and the nonoverflow section of earth dike on left bank will provide for future installation, if needed, of a navi- gation lock 82 feet by 450 feet, with maximum lift of 89 feet. Total length of earth embankment will be 10,400 feet, and total length of saddle dikes will be 7,500 feet, with crest elevation of 525 feet mean sea level, or about 115 feet above streambed elevation. The non- overflow sections of the concrete dam will have a total length of 1,050 feet and deck elevation at 519. The spillway will be 600 feet long with crest elevation at 490. The underlying foundation is rock. At normal pool elevation of 490 feet mean sea level, the reservoir will have a gross capacity of 680,500 acre-feet, with 367,700 acre-feet usable for power. Initial power installation will be 132,000 kilowatts, with provision for ultimate installation of 198,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $88,280,000, of which, $57,583,500 is for construction, $10,696,500 for lands and damages, and $20,000,000 for relocations. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $388,000, including operation and care. This project has been selected as one of the units authorized for the initial phase of development of the Alabama-Coosa River and tributaries by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, in accordance with House Document 414, 77th Congress, 1st session. 436 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Public Law 436, 83rd Congress, approved June 28, 1954, sus- pended authorization of the comprehensive plan, insofar as it provides for the development of the Coosa River, to permit non- Federal interests to develop the Coosa River by construction of a series of dams in accordance with the conditions of a license, if issued, pursuant to the Federal Power Act and in accordance with certain other provisions and requirements of the aforementioned Public Law. Local cooperation. For the initial development at Howell Mill Shoals Dam, local interests will be required to operate and main- tain all utility, rail, and highway facilities relocated because of the improvement. For the ultimate development, when navigation is provided, local interests will be required to assume the cost of collateral facilities including navigation terminal facilities. Terminal facilities. At Rome, Ga., there is one small wharf on the left bank of Oostanaula River, and a private wharf on the left bank of Etowah River, used exclusively by the owners. These facilities, together with natural landings on the Coosa River, are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, hired labor: Preliminary planning studies were continued at a cost of $38,614. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the Howell Mill Shoals Dam project. Engineering and advance planning studies were in progress. The total cost to June 30, 1954 under the existing project was $1,004,056 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.......-- 1 1 $200, 000 -$41, 000 $1, 043, 600 Cost ............. 1 11 $101, 784 $38, 614 $1, 004, 056 1 Amounts included under project for Alabama-Coosa River, Ala., and Ga. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .....--------------........... $39, 544 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955. -.............. 39, 544 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ........ --.....--... - . ........ 87, 236, 000 11. BLACK WARRIOR, WARRIOR, AND TOMBIGBEE RIVERS, ALA. Location. The Black Warrior and Warrior Rivers, a single stream, rise in northern Alabama above Birmingham and flow generally southwesterly to unite with the Tombigbee River at Demopolis, Ala. Thence, the Tombigbee flows south, uniting with the Alabama River to form the Mobile River 45 miles above the head of Mobile Bay. The distance by water from Mobile to the vicinity of Birmingham is about 415 miles. Previous projects. The original project for the improvement: RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 437 of Warrior River, now combined with Black Warrior and Tombig- bee Rivers, was adopted by act of March 3, 1875. For further de- tails, see page 1841, Annual Report for 1915, and page 732, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides essentially for a canalized channel with minimum depth of 9 feet and a width of 200 feet, where practicable, from the mouth of the Tombigbee River, 45 miles above Mobile, to the vicinity of Birmingham, via the Tom- bigbee and Warrior Rivers, to mile 447.6 on Sipsey Fork, mile 444.6 on Mulberry Fork, and mile 420.6 on Locust Fork, a total distance of 426.6 miles. The lift is accomplished by 15 locks and dams, one of the locks being a double-lift structure. The project also provides for construction of a new lock and dam near Demopolis, Ala., to replace existing dams 4, 5, 6, and 7; and for increasing the length of the spillway at dam 1. The River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1909, granted discretionary authority to the Secretary of War to reconstruct any existing structure whenever reconstruction is absolutely essential to its efficient and economical maintenance and operation. The reconstruction may include such modification in plan and location as may be necessary to provide adequate facilities for existing navigation. Under this authority existing locks 8 and 9 will be replaced by a single lock near Eutaw, Ala., and, locks 1, 2, and 3 on the lower Tombigbee River will be replaced by a new lock and dam near Jackson, Ala. The project also provides for operation and care of all locks and dams. The following table gives various features of the existing locks and dams included in the existing project: Existing locks and dams Great- Type construction Dis- est Width Depth tance Dis- length of over Date of Actucost Lock above Nearest town tance avail- cham- Lift sills at Character of Kind of comple- Date opened of lock and Mo- (miles) able ber (feet) low foundation dam tion to navigation dan d bile 1 for full (feet) water Lock Dam M (miles) width (feet) (feet) C 1 ...--------- 101.6 Salitpa, Ala....... 5 281.9 52 12 2 8.0 Soft rock -_.. . Fixed. Concrete.. Concrete...... 1909 Sept. 6, 1908 $560,290.02 O 2- ---- . 172.6 Pennington, Ala 3 286.0 52 9 10.0 Hard clay. do do Timber crib, 1915 Nov. 1, 1914 560,114.09 stone-filled. 3-...-....- 194.6 Whitfield, Ala 9 286.0 52 10 9.0 --... do----.....- ..._ do-- do.......... do .....-------- 1915 Sept. 21, 1914 609, 622, 80 4________ 221.6 Demopolis, Ala_.. 1 285.6 52 10 9.0 -... _..- do ...... .. do .. do... .... do . 1908 Dec. 1, 1908 479,000.00 5.________ . 236.6 Greensboro, Ala_. 17 285.6 52 10 9.0 -.... do.....___ _do....do... ... do...... 1908 Sept. 1, 1908 501,000.00 6 .-- 257.1 Sawyerville, Ala__ 6 285.6 52 10 9.0 Piles----------... -- - do..do-....do-.......------do--------... 1908 Oct. 1, 1908 443,000.00 7-.-----.. 272.6 Eutaw, Ala_...__. 6 284.7 52 10 9.0 -... do--- ... _---do--- -- do-- ----- .. do-------- 1903 Nov. 7, 1903 225,600.00 8- - 9-..------- .------ 288.6 305.6 Akron, Ala .... Moundville, Ala__ 3 7 284.7 284.7 51.65 52 10 11 9.0 9.0 ....- do ......... _..do ....... do_.do..------- do do........do ........ . 1903 1902 Jan. 1, 1903 .... do....... 212,400.00 202 440.00 z Tuscaloosa- 351.35 Tuscaloosa, Ala ...._-------- 460.0 95 30 10.8 Hard blue shale ...do-.. _ do-_ ... Concrete... _- 1940 Aug. 29, 1939 4,450, 873.50 13__ 360.6 Peterson, Ala_____ 3 285.5 52 11 10.7 Hard sandstone. .__do___ Stone .... Stone...-------- 1905 July 4, 1905 203,700.00 __ 14 .-------- 364.1 __. do...___- _____-- 7 282.1 52 14 9.5 ... do_, _--... ....-- do__ ____ Concrete__ Concrete- ..... 1910 Mar. 29, 1910 414,714.89 z M 15 .____.... 370.6 Northport, Ala .. 20 282.1 52 14 10.0 -..... do. .. ... _d ___do do ........ do--------......... 1910 May 2, 1910 430,233.87 16 ____ . 377.1 Adger, Ala _______ 21 285.5 52 21 9.5 .- _,do .. - ___.. do... do--..--.... ... do__-----. 1915 Jan. 1, 1915 520, 853.68 17 3____.. 378.6 -... _do.______...__. 20 285.5 52 72 9.5 ... do...........do ... do..... . do ....... 1915 May 13, 1915 43,424,858.98 Total lift ......... 254 1 Mileage from foot of Government St., Mobile, Ala. 00 2 River is tidal below this lock, and depth over the lower miter sill is 9 feet about 91 percent of the time, the minimum depth being 6.9 feet at extreme low tide. 3 Double lock. 4 Does not include $1,435,635.76 estimated cost of land submerged, damage to structures, and cost of clearing. 00 C3[ RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 439 The following table gives the various features of the proposed locks and dams included in the existing project: Jacksons Demopolis3 Warrior' lock and dam lock and dam loc ckand dam Miles above Mobilel - -____._.._-___ _ 95.6- 173.1 ...------------ _...----------- 271.1 Nearest town----- -__..... .__ ___.. Jackson, Ala .... Demopolis, Ala ._ Eutaaw, Ala. Distance (miles)....------------- ---.. 6-------------- 2 6. ......-------------- Greatest lock length available for full 600------------- 600 ___------ . 600. width (feet). Width of chamber (feet)-----------................... 110 110- ......-- --- 110. Lift (feet)---- --------------------- 34 -------------- 40----- ---------- 22. Elevation of normal pool surface (mean sea 33.._-------------- 73----------- 95. level). Depth over sills at low water (feet)- ...... 13.0--------------- 14.0 ------------ 13.0 Character of foundation ---------------- Piling in sand and Selma chalk- .... Pilin g in clay. clay. Kind of dam-----......... .-. - M ovable .. ..--------Fixed ..-- M ov able. Height of dam (feet)......----------------- 65 60------------- ....------------- 65. Type construction-__--------....-.. . . Earth, concrete.... Concrete ...------ Eart h, concrete. Percent complete------- ....... 81__... ________-- Year opened to navigation_-------- I ------------------ -- Estimated cost: Construction -___. ------------- _ - $24,387, 600 $17, 557, 200 $18,724,000 Lands and damages .___.___- _____.. . 3,184,300 1, 715,000 807, 000 Relocations__.._________- ______ - -- _ ---- 139,000 410,800 13,000 Total__............___________________ __.. 27,710,900 19,683,000 19, 544, 000 1 Mileage from foot of Government St., Mobile, Ala. 2 Replaces existing locks and dams Nos. 1, 2, and 3. 3 Replaces existing locks and dams Nos. 4, 5, 6, and 7. ' Replaces existing locks and dams Nos. 8 and 9. Tidal influence extends from Mobile 101.6 miles to lock 1, where the tidal effect is apparent only at low stages of river. At Mobile the mean and extreme tidal ranges are 1.5 and 3.6 feet, respec- tively. These are at times slightly increased by the effect of winds. The greatest fluctuation of river stages is at Demopolis, Ala., the maximum being 59.7 feet. The maximum fluctuations at other points are 40 feet at lock 1, 101.6 miles from Mobile; 57.8 feet at Tuscaloosa, 352.6 miles from Mobile; 13 feet at Birmingport, 409.6 miles from Mobile; and 27 feet at Cordova, 429.6 miles from Mobile. The ordinary fluctuations at these points are at lock 1, 20 feet; at Demopolis, 35 feet; at Tuscaloosa, 40 feet; at Birmingport, 4 feet; and at Cordova, 7 feet. The works of improvement have re- duced the amount of fluctuations at different points by 3 to 10 feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $83,271,100, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $940,- 000, including operation and care. 440 REPORT :OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents I I July 5, 1884 Original appropriation for improving Black Warrior River Original project for slack-water improvement author- Annual Report, 1887, pt. 2, pg. 1302. ized by Secretary of War Apr. 19, 1887. Mar. 3,1899 Construction of the first locks between Tuscaloosa and Demopolis. Sept. 19, 1890 Maintenance of the section of Tombigbee River be- low lock 1 to its mouth (66 miles) included in the existing project. Do....... Construction of locks and dams 1, 2, and 3. Merging H. Doe. 178, 56th Cong., 2d sess., of the individual projects for the Black Warrior and Annual Report 1901, pt. 3, and Warrior Rivers and the Tombigbee River p. 1858. H. Doc. 165, 57th Cong. below Demopolis. 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1902, p. 1293. Mar. 2,1907 Construction of locks and dams, 14, 15, 16, and 17. Mar. 3,1909 Provides for reconstruction of obsolete structures, Public Law No. 317. modified in plan and location, to provide efficient and economical maintenance and operation. Aug. 22, 1911 Lift of lock 17 changed to 63 feet, and construction H. Doec. 72, 62d Cong., 1st sess. of locks and dams 18 and 19 eliminated from the project. Extension of slack-water improvement to Sanders Ferry on Mulberry Fork and Nichols Shoal on Locust Fork. Mar. 2, 1919 Raising of various dams 2 feet and raising the lock Annual Report, 1918, p. 876. walls 2 feet at lock 1 to provide a minimum depth of 8 feet at low water, widening the channel to 150 feet where practicable. Aug. 30, 1935 For snagging Mobile River from the mouth of Chick- H. Doc. 728, 71st Cong., 3d sess. asaw Creek to the junction of the Alabama and Tombigbee Rivers. 1 Do...-. Increase channel dimensions to 9 by 200 feet; con- H. Doc. 56, 73d Cong., 1st sess. struct crest gates at Lock and Dam 17; add flash- boards at all dams; Sunflower Bend Cut-off. Do------- Construction of a lock and dam below Tuscaloosa to Rivers and Harbors Committee replace original locks and dams 10, 11, and 12. Doe. 26, 74th Cong., 1st sess. June 26, 19342 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of a lock and dam near Demopolis to H. Doe. 276, 76th Cong., 1st sess. replace existing dams 4, 5, 6, and 7. Do. ... Provide increased spillway capacity at dam 1_-_ .... H. Doc. 382, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains latest published maps of the Tombigbee River and tributaries. 2 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. = Contains maps of the Warrior River system. For maps of the Warrior and Black Warrior Rivers, see Annual Reports for 1911, p. 1702, and 1918, p. 2144, respectively. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Facilities comprising loading and transfer stations, wharves, etc., have been provided where required along this waterway. All are privately owned and operated except the terminals at Tuscaloosa, which are leased to a private company but serve the general public, and the terminals at miles 357.6 and 409.6 which are owned and operated by the Inland Waterways Corporation, but also serve the general public. These terminals are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operationsduring fiscal year. New work performed during the fiscal year was as follows: Warrior Lock and Dam: New work, hired labor: Preparation of design plans and specifications was continued at a cost of $94,541. Demopolis Lock and Dam: New work: Contract: Relocations of RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 441 roads, railroads, and utilities were continued at a cost of $185,917; reservoir clearing was continued at a cost of $838,304; construc- tion of lock, dam, and appurtenances, was continued at a cost of $5,311,662; and excavation of lock approach channels was con- tinued at a cost of $367,051. Adjustment of prior year costs for buildings, grounds, and utilities resulted in a credit of $22,615. Hired labor: Acquisition of lands and payment of damages was continued at a cost of $613,106. Other materials and supplies cost $1,100. The total cost for new work on Demopolis Lock and Dam was $7,294,525. Maintenance: The U. S. pipeline dredge Guthrie, operating in the Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers July 1 to October 27, 1953, and April 23 to June 30, 1954, removed 1,898,728 cubic yards of material; the U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans, operating July 1 to 4, 1953, and June 1 to 26, 1954, removed 155,264 cubic yards of material; the U. S. snagboat Denison, operating in the Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers July 1 to December 23, 1953, February 1 to 20, 1954, and April 1 to June 30, 1954, removed 8,449 cubic yards of silt from lock approaches and 8,623 obstructions from channels; the U. S. snagboat Montgomery, operating October 6 to December 15, 1953, and January 11 to June 30, 1954, removed 2,220 cubic yards of silt and 2,370 cords of drift from locks and approaches, and 1,121 obstructions from channels; all at a cost of $390,634 for dredging and $142,114 for removal of snags and obstructions. Re- habilitation of locks and dams cost $275,527. Miscellaneous sur- veys and investigations cost $15,822. .Operation and care of locks and dams cost $294,851. The total cost for the fiscal year was $8,508,014, of which $7,- 389,066 was for new work, and $1,118,948 for maintenance, includ- ing operation and care of locks and dams. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- menced in 1887. Eighteen locks and dams comprising 70 percent of the original project have been built. Three of these (10, 11, and 12) have been removed and replaced by the Tuscaloosa lock and dam. (See table under "Existing project.") The channel has been dredged, original snagging completed, and principal lock houses built at all locks. A dredged channel through Sunflower Bend cutoff on the Tombigbee River was completed in 1938. Con- struction of crest gates on dam 17, Black Warrior River, was com- pleted in 1938. Construction of Tuscaloosa lock and dam was com- pleted in 1940. A depth of 9 feet and a minimum width of 100 feet obtained throughout the improvement, and all-year navigation is possible within these dimensions, except at lock 1 where the depth over the lower miter sill is 9 feet about 91 percent of the time with a minimum depth of 6.9 feet at extreme low tide. The work re- maining to be done to complete the project consists of completing construction of a new lock and dam near Demopolis, Ala., to replace existing dams 4, 5, 6, and 7; constructing a new lock and dam near Jackson, Ala., to replace existing locks 1, 2, and 3; and constructing a new lock and dam near Eutaw, Ala., to replace existing locks 8 and 9. 442 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs New work Mainte- Operating Total nance and care Regular funds.......---------------------------- $32,020, 904 $7, 714, 520 $15, 540,002 $55, 275, 426 Public Works funds ...--------------------- 79,220 ------------------------- 79, 220 Emergency Relief funds--------------_ __ 607, 308 ................------- --.. 607, 308 Total...........-------------------------------32, 707, 432 7, 714, 520 15, 540, 002 55, 961, 954 In addition, the sum of $8,932,687 was expended between July 1, 1896, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of works of im- provement under the provision of the permanent indefinite appro- priation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.- $ 1, 000, 000 $2, 200,000 $2,900, 000 $4, 202, 000 $6, 088, 000 $33, 065,673 Cost--- ------------ , 645,224 484, 158 2, 345, 721 5, 212, 402 7,389, 066 32, 707, 432 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 1, 062, 300 995, 940 1, 192, 398 954, 567 1, 007, 626 23, 263, 612 Cost------------.---. 1, 001, 564 951, 588 1, 274, 897 905, 931 1, 118, 948 23, 254, 522 1 Exclusive of $606,931 for new work and $50,000 for maintenance on previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954....... $120, 036 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........... 5, 240, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.......................----------------------------.............................-----..... ------ 5, 360, 036 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project..------....................... -------..... . 44, 965, 000 ----------................ 12. BILOXI HARBOR, MISS. Location. On Mississippi Sound in southeastern Mississippi. It is 32 miles by water west of Pascagoula Harbor, Miss., and 14 miles east of Gulfport Harbor, Miss. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1267.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 2, 1882, and July 5, 1884. For further details, see page 1846, Annual Report for 1915; page 863, Annual Report for 1929; and page 744, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel west of Deer Island 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the 10-foot contour in Mississippi Sound to the south waterfront of the city of Biloxi, and thence north of Deer Island to deep water in Back Bay of Biloxi, an over-all length of about 7 miles; for maintaining the Coast Guard channel to a depth of 6 feet and a width of 300 feet; and for main- taining the existing channel along the northerly side of United States Highway 90 bridge, from the main channel in Biloxi Harbor to the entrance to Ott Bayou, to a depth of 6 feet, a width of 40 RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 443 feet, and a length of about 1 mile. The project also provides for an entrance channel 6 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and about 1,800 feet long into Old Fort Bayou, and an entrance channel 8 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and about 1 mile long through Cranes Neck into Bayou Bernard. Under ordinary conditions, the mean tidal range is about 1.8 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, approved in 1954, is $64,800, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $5,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $21,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions, --- --................ -... H. Doc. 754, 69th Cong. 2d sess. June 20, 1938 Relocation of channel--------- ................ ..-.. H. Doc. 639, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 2,1945 Entrance channel 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide into H. Doc. 258, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Old Fort Bayou. Do.... - Entrance channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide H. Doc. 326, 76th Cong., 1st sess. through Cranes Neck into Bayou Bernard. May 17, 1950 Maintain channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide from H. Doc. 256, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Biloxi Harbor to Ott Bayou. 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the work authorized in accordance with House Document 258, 76th Congress, 1st session, and House Document 326, 76th Congress, 1st session, which provide that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, as and when required, lands, easements, and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the work. For work authorized in accordance with House Document No. 256, 81st Congress, 1st session, local interests are required to fur- nish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements., and spoil disposal areas for maintenance, when and as required; and (2) hold and save the United States free from damage, including damage to oyster beds, resulting from the work. Terminal facilities. These consist of a number of light timber wharves at Biloxi, owned by private parties but available to the public. These are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The contractor's pipeline dredge Tchefuncta operating in Biloxi Harbor, removed 240,805 cubic yards of material January 20 to 31, 1954, and 195,204 cubic yards of material February 1 to 9, 1954, at a cost of $43,248. Miscellaneous investigations and surveys cost $1,310. The cost for the fiscal year was $44,558, charged to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in 1931, was about 77 percent completed. The controlling depths in the channels at the times shown were as follows: Missis- sippi Sound channel, 10 feet, February 1954; entrance to Old Fort Bayou, 1.5 feet, August, 1938; Crane's Neck Channel, 8 feet, De- cember 1950; and channel to Ott Bayou 6 feet, November 1952. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of 444 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 dredging a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide thru Crane's Neck into Bayou Bernard, and dredging an entrance channel 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide into Old Fort Bayou. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds . --------------------------------- $49,780 $368,541 $418,321 Contributed funds-_ - 5,000 10,200 15, 200 Total -------------------------------------------- 54,780 378,741 433, 521 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-.- _ -------------------------- ---------- _------------ $49, 780 $------------ Cost...----------.......------------...... ------------ ------------- --------- ----------- 49, 780 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $26, 000 $25, 730 -$2, 423 $7, 355 $44, 746 368, 807 Cost-................. 26, 000 22, 243 1, 065 7, 276 44, 558 368, 541 The amounts shown in the "Total" column are exclusive of $44,382 for new work and $86,309 for main- tenance for previous projects. In addition to the amounts shown in the "Total" column, $5,000 for new work and $10,200 for main- tenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project...__-........................ ...... ............ $15, 000 13. GULFPORT HARBOR, MISS. Location. On Mississippi Sound in southeastern Mississippi, about 44 and 90 miles by water west of Pascagoula Harbor, Miss., and Mobile Harbor, Ala., respectively, and 78 miles east of New Orleans (via the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway). (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1267.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. 120, 55th Cong., 3d sess.) ; March 2, 1907; February 27, 1911; and January 21, 1927. For further details, see page 1846, Annual Report for 1915; page 857, Annual Report for 1929; and page 747, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 32 feet deep, 300 feet wide, and about 8 miles long across Ship Island Bar, a channel 30 feet deep, 220 feet wide and about 11 miles long through Mississippi Sound, and a depth of 30 feet in the 1,320- by 2,640-foot anchorage basin at Gulfport. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 13/4 feet, and the extreme tidal range about 31/2 feet. The project has been completed at a cost of $635,758 for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $270,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 692, 69th Cong., 2d sess.), and the RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 445 River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 112, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published maps of this locality are in the project documents. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The modern rail-connected terminal facili- ties at this port are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 19, revised in 1949.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The U. S. Hopper Dredge Langfitt removed 748,962 cubic yards of material in the Ship Island Bar channel August 4 to 26, 1953 and the contractor's pipeline dredge Diesel removed 2,678,088 cubic yards of material in the Mississippi Sound Channel November 15 to December 27, 1953, at a cost of $216,638. Miscellaneous investigations and sur- veys cost $6,523. The total cost was $223,161 charges to maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was commenced in 1932 and completed in April 1950. The controlling depths in the channels at the times shown were as follows: Ship Island Bar Channel, 32 feet, March 1954; Mississippi Sound Chan- nel south end to beacon 60, 30.0 feet, January 1954; beacon 60 to sound end of basin, 30 feet, January 1954; and anchorage basin, 30 feet, November 1953. The costs under the existing project to 30 June 1954, were as follows: Costs New work Maintenance Total Regular funds------------------------------ $587, 875 $3, 064,131 $3, 652, 006 Public works funds_ ----- ----------------- --------- 47, 883 47,883 Total-----....... ..---------------------- -------------------- 635,758 3,064,131 3,699,889 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ..... 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated..------. -$40, 000 .. 447 .$557, 635, 758 Cost----- ---------- 517, 447 ---------------------------------------------- 635, 758 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ..... 79, 000 247, 655 $254, 400 $230, 589 $224, 373 3, 066, 716 Cost-----...... .......--- --- 177, 394 212, 389 289, 654 229, 243 223, 161 3, 064, 131 "Exclusive of $269,017 for new work and $2,312,292 for maintenance for previous projects. 14. PEARL RIVER, MISS. AND LA. Location. Pearl River rises in east-central Mississippi and flows southwest about 172 miles to Jackson, Miss., thence southeast about 269 miles to the head of its delta, where it divides into West Pearl and East Pearl Rivers. The former flows about 34 miles to the Rigolets, a tidal pass connecting Lake Pontchartrain with Lake Borgne, an arm of the Gulf of Mexico. Previous projects. Adopted by the acts of June 14, 1880, and 446 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 April 21, 1900. For further details, see page 950, Annual Report for 1922, and page 750, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from the mouth of West Pearl River for 58 miles to the mouth of Bogalusa Creek at Bogalusa, La., 7 feet deep at low water with a bottom width of 100 feet in the river sections and 80 feet in the canal section; with locks 65 by 310 feet clear inside dimensions. The plan of improvement may be divided into three sections as follows: River section from the mouth of West Pearl River to mile 28.5 at Holmes Bayou with a channel 7 feet deep and 100 feet wide, to be obtained by dredging, snagging, and cutoffs at sharp bends; the canal section from mile 28.5 to mile 48.7 at Pools Bluff with a channel 7 feet deep and 80 feet wide, to be obtained by the con- struction of 3 locks in the canal with sills across Bogue Chitto at mile 44 and across the river at mile 48.7; river section from mile 48.7 to mile 58 at the mouth of Bogalusa Creek, to be obtained by dredging, snagging, and easing of bends. At Bogalusa the mean variation of the water surface is 10 feet and the extreme, 23 feet. The following table gives various features of the locks included in the existing project: Lock 1 2 3 Miles above mouth--.....-----------------. 29.4_------------- 40.7__------------- 43.9. Nearest town.......------------------------ Pearl River, La_-. Bush, La.....--..------ Sun, La. Miles to nearest town--......---------------- 9--------------- 3-------------- 2. Greatest length available for full width 310 .....------------- 310------------- 310. (feet). Width of chamber (feet)--------------- 65-------------- 65-------------- 65. Lift (feet)-..-- -----------------------26.7------------ 15.0__------------- 11.0. Depth over sills at low water (feet) --- 10 .......-------------- 10-------------- 10. Character of foundation . ..--------------.Sand, gravel, silt, Sand, gravel, silt, Sand, gravel, silt, clay. clay. cl ay. . -.-.-------.-.-- Type of construction---- . Concrete and steel_ Concrete and steel. Concrete and steel. Year completed---- ..---------------------- 1949----------- 1950------------.. 1950. Date opened to navigation------------- Nov. 1953-...--... Nov. 1953 Nov. 1953. Actual cost of lock..-------------------$2,119,110.22-..... $1,967,537.20 .....- $1,497. 539.37. The estimated cost of new work (1954) is $8,274,800, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $150,000 includ- ing operation and care. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, subject to the approval of the Board of Engi- neers. This approval is contained in House Document No. 408, Seventy-fifth Congress, second session, which document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Local interests are required to furnish all flowage and dumping easements needed for subsequent maintenance of the improvement, and to assume full responsibility for all property damage incident to the maintenance of the canal. (See H. Doc. 408, 75th Cong., 2d sess.) Terminal facilities. A privately owned wharf at the Pearl River highway bridge near Pearl River Station, La., is used for unloading logs. No other facilities exist except natural landings at various locations on the river. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Hired RIVERS AND HARBORS-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 447 labor: U. S. draglines No. 1 and No. 2 removed 82,150 cubic yards of material in the lateral canal July 1 to 31, 1953; U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans removed 405,903 cubic yards of material in Pearl River July 9 to October 31, 1953, and U. S. dragline No. 1 placed 12 cubic yards of gravel and 75 tons of riprap at the lower wall of lock 1 at a total cost of $57,901. The U. S. draglines No. 1 and No. 2 removed obstructions in Pearl River between mile 48 and mile 58 from August 1 to October 31, 1953, at a cost of $53,954. Contract: Construction of Bogue Chitto and Pools Bluff sills was completed Dec. 3, 1953, at a cost of $7,891. Preparatory work for installation of motorized lock gate and valve machinery cost $1,478. Preparatory work for construction of three additional lockkeepers' houses cost $1,897. Maintenance: U. S. draglines No. 1 and No. 2 removed obstruc- tions in Pearl River between mile 8 and mile 29 from November 1 to December 10, 1953 at a cost of $14,182. U. S. dragline No. 1 removed 576 obstructions from Pearl River June 14 to 25, 1954, at a cost of $4,266. The U. S. pipeline dredge Josenhans operating in Pearl River November 1 to 23, 1953, and June 29 to 30, 1954, re- moved 80,110 cubic yards of material at a cost of $56,233. Re- habilitation of locks and dams cost $5,894. Miscellaneous investi- gations and surveys cost $8,211. Operating and care: Ordinary maintenance, repairs and im- provement of the three locks cost $13,712. The total cost was $225,619, of which $123,121 was for new work and $102,498 for maintenance including operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in October 1938, was about 99 percent completed. Lock No. 1 was completed in February 1949, lock 2 in June 1950, and lock 3 in May 1950. Channel depths and widths as called for in the plan of improvement prevail throughout the existing project. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of constructing one additional lockkeepers' house at each lock and motorization of gate and valve operating machinery at locks 1, 2, and 3. The cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $8,311,160, of which $8,176,286 was for new work and $134,874 for mainte- nance, including operation and care. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated- -__.. $2, 009, 000 ------------ $978, 000 ------------------------ 8, 274, 777 Cost--_----------- -- 2, 231,117 $30, 743 75, 448 $685,619 $123, 121 8,176, 286 Maintenance: Appropriated-----------------.. 15, 789 8, 000 11, 300 100, 900 135, 989 Cost --------------------------- 13, 266 6, 384 12, 726 102, 498 134, 874 1 Exclusive of $144,443.31 for new work and $168,171.64 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: ITnobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954....... ............. . $75,013 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955......... ...........-................ ..............................-................................... 75, 013 ..... Sig 15-447-478 448 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 15. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Apalachicola Bay, Fla ___________________.. . . 1953 $216, 758 10$781, 729 (1) 2. Bayou Coden, Ala...._______________ 2 ____... 1950 650 3$4, 000 3. Bayou Galere, Miss. .. ..... 1946 8, 900 4. Bayou La Batre, Ala 4----------------------- 1951 21, 052 113,167 '88, 900 5. Blackwater River, Ala. - 1949 41, 650 106, 759 (1) 6. Bluff Creek, Miss.' s -...................... 1893 1, 000 (1) 7. Cahaba River, Ala.' 5 .................. - 4 1894 46, 000 (6) 8. C arrab elle B a r and2 H arb o r, Fla . .-. .... .... 1950 363, 686 275, 535 (1) 9. Chitto Bogue, La. " ................... 4 ..... 1909 14, 913 12, 930 3 185, 100 1.0 Choctawhatchee River, Fla. and Ala. _ __.. 1949 171, 885 266, 445 (1) 11. Dauphin Island Bay, Ala............ ______ 1950 3 131, 000 12. East Pearl River, Miss.'.................... 1951 37, 128 59, 325 (1) 13. Escambia and Conecuh Rivers, Fla. and Ala_ 1951 118, 336 110, 700 (1) 14. Fly Creek, Fairhope, Ala.................... 1950 3 14, 000 15. Harrison County, Miss., shore protection 1953 1,133, 000 (1) project. 2 16. Holmes River, Fla. '.......______ ........... 1931 8, 562 36, 800 (1) 17. La Grange Bayou, Fla__ . 1951 64, 151 43, 546 8 103,800 18. Leaf and Chickasawhay Rivers, Miss.2 55 .. 1919 23,090 42, 676 S126, 900 19. Noxubee River Miss 8................. 1902 47, 528 14, 472 (1) 20. Ochlockonee (Ochlockney) River, Ga. and 1900 5, 000 95, 000 Fla.' s 21. Old Town Creek, Miss. s 1887 3, 000 $ 30, 000 22. Oostanaula and Coosawattee Rivers, Ga.2 5__ 1907 32, 656 $ 177, 300 23. Panama City Harbor, Fla__............... 1953 890, 577 112, 095, 588 (1) 24. Pascagoula Harbor Miss_____________ 1953 258,040 1, 520, 033 S44,000 25. Pascagoula River, Kiss____________... 4 _ 1953 158, 855 (9) 26. Pass Christian Harbor, Miss. -.2 1947 1, 100 ----------------------------------- 36,9--- 23,000 27. Pearl River, Miss., Edinburg to Jackson. 7 __ 1911 31, 872 36, 991 S218, 000 28. Pensacola Harbor, Fla................... __ 1953 1, 095, 523 12 1, 451, 598 500, 800 29. Port St. Joe Harbor, Fla ________________.... 1953 579, 989 1s 397, 186 (1) 30. St. Marks River, Fla _______________.... .... 1951 229, 742 6, 792 31. Tallapoosa River, Ala.,. 5__ _ 1893 43, 972 32. Upper Chipola River, Fla. from Marianna_ 1941 36, 781 63,193 s113, 200 to its mouth. 5 33. Waterway connecting the Tombigbee & 1953 713, 704........... 3 226, 340, 000 Tennessee Rivers, Ala. and Miss. 34. Wolf and Jordan Rivers, Miss.'_........... 1951 29, 195 82, 391 (1) 1 Completed. 2 No commerce reported. S1954 estimate. 4 Channel adequate for commerce. s Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 6 Considered completed. 7 Considered unworthy of further improvement. 8 That portion of the Noxubee River in Noxubee County, Miss., was declared non-navigable on Feb. 24, 19, Act S. 2337, 73rd Cong., 2d sess. (48 Stat. 356). 9 Project provides for maintenance only. to Expended for general supervision during fiscal year, $1,115. 11 Expended for general supervision during fiscal year, $3,132. 12 Expended for general supervision during fiscal year, $4,020. 15Expended for general supervision during fiscal year, $4,620. 16. WEST POINT, CHATTAHOOCHEE RIVER, GA. Location. The project is located on the Chattahoochee River at West Point, Ga. Existing project. The project as originally authorized covered the section of the river from the city of West Point to Langdale Dam, a distance of about 7 miles, and consisted of increasing the cross section of the Chattahoochee River at critical points, clearing the floodway on both banks, constructing an earth levee 1,500 feet long, and the construction of an additional span in the highway bridge at West Point. The work was authorized by the President under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act FLOOD CONTROL-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 449 of April 8, 1935. This work, which was commenced in 1935, was completed in 1937 at a total cost of $591,068, all from Emergency Relief funds. (See Chattahoochee River, Ga., Flood Control, page 655 in Annual Report for 1937.) In September 1953 an allotment of $14,000 was made from the appropriation for construction of local flood protection projects to provide for replacement of the flap gate outlet by a slide gate outlet through the levee at West Point. The estimated cost of the project, revised in 1954, is $605,068, in- cluding the cost of work completed in 1937. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and de- sign studies of the outlet gate were completed and a contract was awarded for the construction thereof. The total cost was $1,094 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work remaining to be ac- complished consists of the replacement of the existing flap gate outlet by a slide gate outlet. All work preparatory to actual con- struction of the slide gate has been completed. The total cost of the project to June 30, 1954, was $592,162, of which $591,068 was from Emergency Relief funds applied on works completed in 1937. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ---........... ------------ $14, 000 $605, 068 Cost...--------- ---------------------------------------------- 1,094 592, 162 1 Include $591,068 from Emergency Relief funds, applied on works completed in 1937. Other new work data: ...$6,086 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-........................... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........................................-------------------------. 6,086 17. ALLATOONA RESERVOIR, COOSA RIVER BASIN, GA. Location. Allatoona Dam is on the Etowah River in fBartow County, Ga., about 48 miles upstream from Rome, Ga., about 5 miles due east of Cartersville, Ga., and about 2,000 feet downstream from the mouth of Allatoona Creek. The reservoir extends about 27 miles up the Etowah River at maximum-power-pool elevation of 835 feet above mean sea level. Existing project. This provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control, regulation of streamflow for navigation, and develop- ment of hydroelectric power. The height above river bottom of the concrete gravity-type dam is about 190 feet, from elevation 690 feet to 880 feet above mean sea level. The spillway, with crest at elevation 835, is controlled by nine Tainter gates, 40 feet wide by 25 feet high, and two Tainter gates 20 feet wide by 25 feet high; it has a discharge capacity of 318,500 cubic feet per second with wa- ter surface at elevation 870.1. One 48-inch diameter sluicing con- duit with free discharge valve, and four sluices 5 feet 8 inches wide by 10 feet high, are included in the dam. The reservoir, covering 450 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 19,700 acres at elevation 860, has a storage capacity of 722,000 acre-feet. The estimated cost (1954) is $31,320,700. The latest (1954) estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $277,000. This project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts of August 18, 1941, and on December 22, 1944 (Public Law 228, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), as outlined in House Document 674, 76th Congress, 3d session, Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, hired labor: Lands and damages cost $2,219; continued construction of recreation facilities cost $21,460; cost incidental to reservoir and pool preparation was $529; installation of flood reporting network and permanent operating equipment cost $16,135; construction materials and equipment cost $1,033; and engineering and design cost $9,967. Operation and maintenance: Operation and ordinary mainte- nance of dam, reservoir, powerhouse, service facilities and recre- ation facilities, and supervision and administration incidental thereto, cost $210,211. Improvement and replacement of appur- tenances to dam and powerhouse cost $10,411. The net total cost for the fiscal year was $271,965, of which $51,343 was for new work and $220,622 for operation and main- tenance. Heavy rains in the headwater area during January 1954 caused an 18-foot rise in the pool elevation, impounding about 166,000 acre-feet, of which 30,000 acre-feet was in flood control storage. Natural stages at Rome, Ga., and Gadsden, Ala., were reduced about 4 feet and 2 feet respectively, and corresponding reductions in flood losses were estimated at $427,000, of which $161,000 were urban. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, com- menced in March 1944, is practically completed. Major construc- tion was completed and the last unit placed on the line in May 1950. Work remaining to be done consists of work in connection with settlement of claims and damages, completion of recreational facilities, completion of flood reporting network, and installation of remote control operating equipment for dam and reservoir. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $31,991,951, of which $31,120,383 was for new work and $871,568 for operation and maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 451 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-....... $6, 750, 000 - -$133, 300 -$135, 065 -$79, 978 $31, 174, 977 Cost---.------ -- 5, 152, 979 $1, 210, 292 322, 770 330, 942 51, 343 131, 120, 383 Maintenance: --------- Appropriated-........ 223, 600 194, 250 235, 000 241, 960 894, 810 .. Cost..------. ---------- 205, 075 205, 084 237, 218 220, 622 871, 568 1Reflects $134,931 undistributed credit carried forward from prior fiscal year and which was not included in prior years operation. 2 Reflects $3,570 undistributed cost carried forward from prior fiscal year and which was not included in prior years operation. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.-----... .---------.............. $46, 768 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955:-----..........--..... 22, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ..----------------------------------------------- 68, 768 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion 124,000 of existing project ...........-----------.................... ...........................................---------------------------... 18. ROME, COOSA RIVER, GA. Location. The project is located on the Coosa River, Ga., near Rome, Ga. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and concrete flood walls consist- ing of the following features: About 6,000 feet of earth levee and 546 feet of concrete flood wall along the right bank of the Oosta- naula River, and about 3,000 feet of earth levee along the right bank of the Coosa River; two pumping stations for the disposal of the runoff and sewage from within the protected area during periods of high water; two stoplog openings, equipped with stop- logs and storage houses, to prevent overtopping of the levee in the event of a flood of greater magnitude than the maximum on record. The project provides for the protection of the fourth ward of the city of Rome, Ga., against a flood of the magnitude of the maximum flood on record, which occurred in 1886. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. This work was completed in 1940 at a total cost of $366,213, of which $273,152 was from regular funds, and $93,061 was from Emer- gency Relief funds. In September 1953 an allotment of $25,000 was made from the appropriation for construction of local flood protection projects to provide for modification of the existing out- lets through the levee at Rome, Ga. The estimated cost of the project, revised in 1954, is $392,640, including the cost of work completed in 1940. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies of the outlet works were completed and a contract was awarded for the construction thereof. The total cost was $2,978 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work remaining to be accomplished consists of modification of the existing outlet works. All work preparatory to actual construction has been completed. 452 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The total cost of the project to June 30, 1954, was $370,618, in- cluding $93,061 from Emergency Relief funds and $277,557 from regular funds applied on works completed in 1940. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated... --------- $25, 000 $392, 640 Cost .-------- ----------- ----------------------------------- 2,978 370, 618 1Includes $93,061 from Emergency Relief funds, applied on works completed in 1940. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954----...---...............---- $8,932 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----.. ....... ............-----------------------------------------..... 8,932 19. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Tombigbee River, Miss., and Ala------------- 1941 $134, 801 ......------------.... $15, 981, 000 2. Prattville, Autauga Creek, Ala.-----___ - 1946 649, 280 (1) 3. Collinsville, Ala-------------------------........................... 1940 71, 119 _----------_- (4) 4. Pearl River, Miss. and La., at Jackson, Miss. 1937-------------------------- _ 560,000 i Completed. 11954 estimate. 2 Now included in comprehensive plan. Completed with funds appropriated for the maintenance and improvement of river and harbor works. No funds have been allotted and no work has been done on this project. 20. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost during the fiscal year was $35,491, of which $7,154 was for navigation studies, $22,304 for flood control studies, $1,466 for cooperative beach erosion studies, and $4,567 for miscellaneous studies. The unexpended balance of $1,243 will be applied toward the completion of studies in progress. An additional allotment of $119,800 could be profitably expended during fiscal year 1955, of which $39,500 would be applied on navi- gation studies, $48,000 on flood control studies, and $32,300 on miscellaneous studies. Collection and study of basic data. The collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year consisted of stream measurements and the preparation of stage hydrographs at nine stations on tribu- taries of the Mobile River system. The cost during the fiscal year was $4,567. 21. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The local flood protection works for which inspection is per- formed under this heading consist of levee projects at West Point, Ga., on the Chattahoochee River; Elba and Geneva, Ala., in the Choctawhatchee River basin; and Rome, Ga., Collinsville, Ala., and FLOOD CONTROL--MOBILE, ALA., DISTRICT 453 Prattville, Ala., in the Alabama-Coosa River basin. The projects at Rome, Ga., and Collinsville, Ala., include pumping stations. Inspections were made during the fiscal year to determine the extent of compliance with approved regulations for maintenance and operation of the several projects. Responsible local officials were advised of inadequacies in the maintenance and operation of the local flood protection works under this jurisdiction where ap- propriate. No costs were charged under this heading during the fiscal year. The total cost to June 30, 1954, was $400, charged to mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950- 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated -------------------- $400 ------------------------------------ $400 cost ---------------------------- 400 ------------------------------------ 400 22. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of Flood Control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Acts) The contractor cleared 30 acres and applied the aboricide treat- ment during July and August 1953 to 170 acres of trees and under- growth in the flood plain of the Chattahoochee River in the vicinity of West Point, Ga. A hired labor crew cleared and treated 3 acres of trees and stumps on an island in the river during February 1954. The cost was $11,111, charged to new work. Snagging and clearing operations on the Chattahoochee River in the vicinity of West Point, Ga., were commenced in 1948, and have been carried on intermittently since. Other work under this authority has been performed at various localities since 1939. The total cost for work performed to June 30, 1954, under this author- ity was $84,370 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated $15, 500 $35, 000 -$7, 200 $26, 530 $500 $84, 370 Cost- 40, 303 12, 320 27, 456 17, 719 11, 111 84, 370 1 Exclusive of $245,981 for new work on previous projects. Small Flood Control Projects not specifically authorized by Congress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act) Montezuma, Ga.: Work in connection with a project report cost $4,000, charged to new work. Sowashee Creek, Meridian, Miss.: Plans and specifications were 454 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. 8. ARMY, 1954 completed, and a contract for proposed work was awarded. The cost was $3,066, charged to new work. Gordon Creek, Hattiesburg, Miss.: The project report was com- pleted and plans and specifications were commenced at a cost of $4,111, charged to new work. The total cost for new work under this authority was $11,177. The project report on Montezuma, Ga., was nearing completion. All preliminary work preparatory to actual construction on So- washee Creek has been completed. Plans and specifications for the Gordon Creek project were well advanced. The total cost to June 30, 1954 for work performed under authority of section 212 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, was $157,658 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated------......--..---------- . $133, 000 $145, 500 -$612 $80, 000 $357, 888 Cost_ . _____ ..-----......-- ...- . 56, 306 70, 125 20, 050 11, 177 157, 658 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-.... .------------- $..107,347 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.................................................................. 107, 347 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of the State of Louisiana, in- cluding the drainage area of the Red River south of Fulton, Ark., in Arkansas and Texas, embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico, except the Missis- sippi River above mile 320 above Head of Passes, the drainage area of the Ouachita-Black River Basin, and small eastern and western portions of Louisiana tributary to Pearl River and Sabine River and Lake. The district boundary extends in a northerly and westerly direc- tion from the Gulf of Mexico along the easterly and northerly wa- tershed line of the Sabine River and Lake to include the right-bank tributaries of the Red River south of Fulton, Ark., in the States of Arkansas and Texas, and the south bank levees immediately above Fulton, Ark., in Miller County, Ark., and Bowie County, Tex., crossing the Red River at Fulton, Ark., thence north-northeast to vicinity of Nashville, Ark., generally southeast along the divide be- tween the Red and Ouachita-Black River watersheds to the con- fluence of the Black and Red Rivers near Acme, La., eastward along the north bank of the Red River; across Bayou Cocodrie at its con- fluence with the Red River; southeast from Bayou Cocodrie to the south end of the Shaw levee enlargement at levee station 7510; due east to the thalweg of the Mississippi River (approximately mile 318.0' AHP); along the thalweg of the Mississippi River to mile 320 AHP; due east to the top of the east bank of the Missis- sippi River; along the top of the east bank of the Mississippi River to approximately mile 310 AHP; thence generally northeast along the divide between the Buffalo-Homochitto and Amite River water- sheds to the dividing line between the Lower Mississippi Valley and South Atlantic Divisions near Bogue Chitto, Miss.; thence, along that line and the westerly watershed line of the Pearl River Basin to the north bank of the Rigolets; thence, along the north bank of the Rigolets to Long Point Light; thence, following a line bearing true south crossing the Intracoastal Waterway to Lake Borgne Light No. 41; thence, generally easterly to a point 1 mile due south of the southerly point of Grand Island; thence, to a point 1 mile due. north of the northeasterly tip of the Isle au Pitre group of islands; thence, to a point 1 mile due north of the northerly point of the Chandeleur Islands; and thence, following a line bearing S. 500 E. into the Gulf of Mexico. It includes the sections of the Intracoastal Waterway from Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to the Sabine River, and the Passes of the Mississippi River. It exercises jurisdiction over flood control work on the Mississippi River from mile 320 AHP to the Gulf of Mexico; on the Red River including its south bank levees and tributaries from Index, Tex., to its junction with Old River and the Atchafalaya River; the Atchafalaya River; and in the Atchafalaya Basin; and maintenance of the project navigation channel of the 455 456 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Mississippi River below mile 320 AHP, under the supervision of the president, Mississippi River Commission, and the division engineer, Lower Mississippi Valley Division. (For reports on projects under Mississippi River Commission, see vol. 2 of this report.) IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Red River below Fulton, Ark__ 456 14. Texarkana Reservoir, Tex. ..... 498 2. Gulf Intracoastal Waterway 15. Ferrells Bridge Reservoir, Tex__ 500 between Apalachee Bay, Fla., 16. Red River below Denison Dam, and the Mexican Border(New levees and bank stabilization Orleans district)...... ........ 458 (New Orleans district).... 501 3. Intracoastal Waterway, from 17. Bayou Bodcau Reservoir, La .. 503 the Mississippi River to 18. Wallace Lake Reservoir, La.. 505 Bayou Teehe, La ......... 469 19. Bayou Pierre, La........ .. _....... 506 4. The Inland Waterway from 20. Natchitoches Parish, La.... 507 Franklin to the Mermentau 21. Aloha-Rigolette Area, Grant .. River, La..................... ......... 471 and Rapides Parishes, La.... 509 5. Mississippi River, Baton Rouge 22. Bayou Teche and Vermilion to the Gulf of Mexico, La...... 473 River, La.. . -................ .. 510 6. Waterway from Empire, La., to 23. Mermentau River, La .............. 513 the Gulf of Mexico ................ 482 24. Snagging and clearing under 7. Bayou Lafourche, La....... 483 authority of sec. 2 of the 8. Bayou Teche, La...... .... 485 Flood Control Act approved 9. Mermentau River, Bayou August 28, 1937, as amended 516 Nezpique, and Bayou des 25. Small flood control projects Cannes, La ........................... 488 under authority of sec. 205 10. Calcasieu River and Pass, La.... 490 of the Flood Control Act ap- 11. Removing the Water Hyacinth proved June 30, 1948, as (Louisiana) ... ..... ............ 493 518 amended ......................--------------------------..... 12. Inactive navigation projects...... 495 26. Inactive flood control projects.. 519 27. General investigations .............. 519 Flood Control 28. Inspection of completed pro- jects ............. .................... 520 13. Red River below Denison Dam, 29. Flood control work under special New Orleans district............. 496 520 authorization .........--------------------......... 1. RED RIVER BELOW FULTON, ARK. Location. Red River rises in the arid regions of eastern New Mexico, flows in a general easterly and southeasterly direction for 1,300 miles, and enters the Mississippi River at Red River Landing, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley quadrangle maps.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of May 23, 1828; June 10, 1872; June 18, 1878; March 3, 1879; August 2, 1882; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1868 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 895 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for continuing improvement of Red River from Fulton, Ark., to the Atchafalaya River, La., 455.6 miles by systematic clearing of the banks, snagging, dredging shoals, building levees (either alone or in cooperation with riparian States), closing outlets, revetting caving banks, and preventing injurious cutoffs. The lower end of this project is at Old River, 7.6 miles west of the Mississippi River. No proposed channel di- mensions are given. The lower 28 miles of this project are a part of the connecting link between the Ouachita and Black Rivers RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 457 navigation project and the Mississippi River, a distance of about 35 miles. Floods ordinarily cause fluctuations of stage between high and low water of from 30 to 45 feet. Unusual floods occasionally in- crease this range about 10 feet. The flood of March-April 1945 produced crest stages 1 to 3 feet higher than maximum previously recorded. As the work is continuing, no estimate for completion was made. The latest (1941) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (Annual Reports for 1890, p. 1829, and for 1891, p. 1957), and modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, to authorize construction of the Overton-Red River water- way to Shreveport, La., and provide a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the Mississippi River to the north bank of Black River (mile 35.5). (For latest published maps, see H. Doc. No. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces conducted dredging surveys at a cost of $1,641, and the U. S. dredge Todd, under the jurisdiction of the Vicksburg District, CE, removed approximately 47,112 cubic yards of shoaled material from Red River between mile 31 and the mouth of Black River during the period September 23 to 26, 1953, at a cost of $10,298, or a total cost of $11,939 for maintenance during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. Maintenance in recent years provides for navigation to Shreveport, La., at medium and high stages. The head of navigation is the Arkansas-Oklahoma State line, to which point boats may occasionally run during high water if snags, overhanging trees, or similar obstructions do not inter- fere. From January to July the prevailing stage is 6 feet and over, and controlling depths are about 4 feet to Fulton, 5 feet to Shreve- port, and 6 feet to Alexandria. During the remainder of the year stages near zero may be expected, with controlling depths less than 1 foot from Fulton to Shreveport, 1 to 2 feet from Shreveport to Alexandria, 4 feet from Alexandria to mouth of Black River, and 6.5 feet thence to mouth. Total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $409,929 for new work and $1,837,620 for maintenance, a total of $2,247,548. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 ing fiscal years prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated-- ---------------------- ------------------------------------ - $1, 963, 806 Cost----- -------- ------------------------------------------- ----- 1, 963, 806 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------_ $55, 500 -$5, 045 ..------------ $50, 000 $14, 000 1, 839, 680 Cost--------------- 51, 065 --------------------- 50, 000 11, 939 1,837, 620 1Includes $1,553,878 for new work for previous projects. 458 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 2. GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA., AND THE MEXICAN BORDER (NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT) Location. The section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway within the New Orleans District extends from Lake Borgne Light No. 41, near the mouth of the Rigolets, to the Sabine River, La., and Tex. The section from Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to the Mississippi River follows the Rigolets and Lake Pontchartrain to the lake end of the State-owned Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, thence by way of this canal to the Mississippi River, a distance of 40.5 miles. By Public Law No. 675, 77th Congress, approved July 23, 1942, the project was modified to provide for a land cut through the marsh from the Rigolets to a point on the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal about 2.25 miles from the Mississippi River, eliminating passage through Lake Pontchartrain and five drawbridges, a distance of 30.8 miles to the Mississippi River by this route. From the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal to the entrance to Harvey lock, the route follows the Mississippi River for a distance of 5.5 miles. The section from the Mississippi River to Atchafalaya River, La., leaves the Mississippi River through Harvey lock about 3.3 miles above Canal Street and follows Harvey Canal No. 1 and Bayou Barataria to Bayou Villars, a land cut south of Lake Salvador to Harvey Canal No. 2, Harvey Canal No. 2 to Larose, La., and a land cut to Houma, La., thence over a land cut south of Bayou Black and Bayou Cocodrie, thence through Bayou Cocodrie and a land cut to Bayou Black; thence through Bayou Black, Bayou Chene, and Bayou Boeuf to the Atchafalaya River, about 0.5 mile south of Morgan City, La., a total distance of 95.5 miles. An alternate connection with the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Algiers, La., about 10.3 miles below Harvey lock, consisting of a lock and land cut about 9 miles in length intersecting the Intra- coastal Waterway at about mile 6, is now under construction. An alternate route from the Mississippi River at Plaquemine, La. (113 miles above New Orleans), follows Bayou Plaquemine and lower Grand River to and through a lock at Bayou Sorrel in the East Atchafalaya Basin protection levee, thence through the levee borrow pit to Berwick Bay; and thence through Berwick Bay to Morgan City, La., a total distance of 56 miles. This alternate route is to be enlarged from the vicinity of Morgan City to Indian Village, La., and to be extended from Indian Village, La., through Bayou Grosse Tete and a new land cut to and through a new terminal lock and entrance channel to the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, La., a total distance of 65 miles. The section from the Atchafalaya River to Vermilion River, La., begins at the western end of the Mississippi-Atchafalaya section and follows the Atchafalaya River about 2.5 miles, portions of Little Wax Bayou, Possum Bayou, cut-offs, a land cut passing through North Bend Plantation to Bayou Bartholomew; Bayou Bartholomew to Little Bay, a land cut skirting the north edge of Cote Blanche Island and the west edge of Weeks Island to Ver- milion River, about 24 miles below Abbeville, La., a total distance of about 63.6 miles. Franklin Canal, St. Mary Parish, La., extends southwesterly RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 459 from Franklin, La., on Bayou Teche, for 5.15 miles to Bayou Portage, a section of "The Inland Waterway from Franklin to the Mermentau River, La.," and through the bayou for 0.75 mile to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 121 miles west of Harvey lock. The section from Vermilion River to Mermentau River, La., be- gins at the western end of the Atchafalaya;-Vermilion section and follows Vermilion River 1.3 miles, a part of the Schooner Bayou cutoff canal, and a land cut running in a general northwesterly direction to Mermentau River at a point about 0.5 mile above its entrance into Grand Lake and about 16 miles below the town of Lake Arthur, La., a total distance of about 42.7 miles. Vermilion lock has been constructed about 1.75 miles west of Vermilion River to prevent the ingress of salt water from Vermilion Bay. The section from Mermentau River to Calcasieu River, La., be- gins at the western end of the Vermilion-Mermentau section and follows the Mermentau River upstream for about 1.5 miles, a land cut running in a west-southwesterly direction to Lake Misere, pass- ing north of the lake and Bayou Misere, westerly to Sweet Lake, south and west of Sweet Lake, northwesterly to Bayou Tete Bois, through Bayou Tete Bois, Black Bayou, and cutoffs to a point on Calcasieu River about 16.6 miles below the city of Lake Charles, La., a total distance of about 37.1 miles. Calcasieu lock has been constructed near the intersection of Cal- casieu River and Intracoastal Waterway, mile 238, Gulf Section, Calcasieu Parish, approximately 16.6 miles below Lake Charles, La. The section from the Calcasieu River to Sabine River, La., and Tex., begins at the western end of the Mermentau-Calcasieu sec- tion, and follows the Calcasieu River upstream about 1.6 miles, a land cut running in a southwesterly direction 2.8 miles, thence west 22 miles to Sabine River at a point about 3 miles below Orange, Tex., a total distance of about 27.1 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 878-884, in- clusive; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map; and Rigolets, Chef Menteur, St. Bernard, Spanish Fort, Bertrandville, Lake Cataouatche (east), Barataria, Baton Rouge, Grosse Tete, Chicot Lake, Foster, Napoleonville, Morgan City, Belle Isle, Bayou Sale, Jeanerette, and Derouen quadrangles; U. S. Geological Survey maps, New Orleans (east), Cut-off, Houma, Gib- son, Abbeville (southeast), Abbeville (southwest), Schooner Bayou (southeast), Schooner Bayou (southwest), Schooner Bayou (northeast), Schooner Bayou (northwest), Grand Lake East (northeast), Grand Lake East (northwest), Latania Lake, Lake Misere, Boudreaux Lake, Sweet Lake, Lake Charles, Moss Lake, Black Lake, Cameron Farms, and Phoenix Lake quadrangles; and navigation maps of Intracoastal Waterway, Port Arthur, Tex., to New Orleans, La.) Previous projects. Previous projects for the different sections of this improvement were adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: August 11, 1888; March 2, 1907; March 3, 1909; June 25, 1910; February 27, 1911; July 25, 1912; August 8, 1917; July 18, 1918; March 2, 1919; and September 22, 1922. For further details, see pages 878-895 of Annual Report for 1924. 460 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Existing project. This provides for a waterway 384.1 miles long which is 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide at mean low Gulf, except in the section between Lake Borgne Light No. 41 and New Orleans (via land cut through the marsh and Industrial Canal), 33.1 miles long where a width of 150 feet is provided; an alternate route 9 feet deep by 100 feet wide between Lake Borgne Light No. 41 and New Orleans (via the Rigolets, Lake Pontchartrain, and Industrial Canal), 40.5 miles long; an alternate connection with the Mississippi River below Algiers, 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide about 9 miles long; a channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide for the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route from the Mississippi- Atchafalaya section of the waterway, in the vicinity of Morgan City, through Lower Atchafalaya River (Berwick Bay) and the borrow pit of the East Atchafalaya protection levee to and through Bayou Sorrel lock which was constructed under the existing project "Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries," thence through Lower Grand River to Indian Village, and thence by way by Bayou Grosse Tete and a new land cut to and through a new terminal lock and entrance channel to the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, La., opposite the lower limit of the Port of Baton Rouge; a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Indian Village on the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route through Bayou Plaquemine and Plaquemine lock to the Mississippi River at Plaque- mine, La.; improvement of Franklin Canal as a connecting channel from Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (mile 121) to Franklin, La., to afford a channel 8 feet deep and generally 60 feet wide with a width of 100 feet in its upper 300 feet; and a salt-water guard lock (Cal- casieu lock) in the waterway at mile 238 west of Harvey lock. The project also provides for the following: Widening at bends; pass- ing places; mooring basins; locks or guard locks; such railroad bridges over artificial cuts as are necessary; purchase of pipeline dredge; construction and operation of new drainage canals and pumping facilities to restore parish drainage systems where inter- cepted; construction of a double-leaf bascule, four-lane highway bridge with approaches at State Highway No. 61, Louisiana; con- struction of movable bridges at Missouri Pacific Railroad and State Highway Nos. 31 and 996 (in lieu of the State Highway Bridge No. 31, a tunnel is being constructed, additional cost over estimated cost of bridge to be borne by local interests); fixed trestle bridges for crossing of proposed landside drainage canals; lift bridges at Louisiana Highway No. 168, Port Allen, La., at Texas & Pacific Railway, Port Allen, La., and at Texas & Pacific Railway, Morley, La.; construction of bulkheads and jetties at Lake Borgne and Chef Menteur, La., if found necessary; and for annual payments to the Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans for use of a portion of the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal. The length of the waterway within the New Orleans District is 384.1 miles via the northerly or Port Allen route; and 299.4 miles via the southerly or Harvey Canal route. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 10 RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 461 inches and the extreme range is 14 inches. A severe storm may cause a high tide of from 6 to 9 feet. The total estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $57,450,000, divided as follows: Algiers lock and canal, $14,900,000; Plaque- mine-Morgan City Route, $24,350,000; and remainder of waterway, $18,200,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,543,000, including $820,000 for regular main- tenance and $723,000 for operation and care of locks and dams and costs pertaining to use of necessary State-owned facilities in con- nection with the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal. Bayou Sorrel lock and Bayou Boeuf lock were constructed and are being maintained and operated with Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries, funds. Therefore, construction, mainte- nance, and operation costs are not included in the approved esti- mates referred to hereinbefore. Inner Harbor Navigation Canal lock Miles below New Orleans, La. (Canal St.) ........ 2.9 Miles from Mississippi River:..... 0.6 W idth of chamber.................. ... 75 feet. Length available for full width.............. 640 feet. Lift. -- -----...................................... ....---------------.. S0-17.4 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level......... 31.5 feet. Character of foundation .. ... . . __._._______ Timber piles. K ind of dam .... ............. .... .... . . . . None. Type of construction .-. -- Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation.... . ........ - ............ February 1923. Cost (non-Federal) ....... .... .. ............ . . $8,648,492. Harvey lock Miles above New Orleans, La. (Canal St.) .... 3.3 Miles from Mississippi River .. ._______ 0.13. Width of chamber .. ....... .. .. 75 feet. Length available for full width ............ 425 feet. Lift..._.......--.. ........----------- 0-19.6 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level........... 12 feet. Character of foundation __ ___... . ___ .________ Timber piles. Kind of dam .......... None. Type of construction ....... ... Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation ............. 1934 and completed 1935. C ost - - .... .. .......... ... .. $1, 775, 132. Algiers lock Miles below New Orleans, La. (Canal St.)__.. ... 7. Miles from Mississippi River....... ._________. 0.38. Width of chamber..................... . . 75 feet. Length available for full width_.._...... ..... 760 feet. Lift.....-.... . .........---........ 0-18 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level_ 13 feet. Character of foundation _______. . __.___________._______________Timber piles. K ind of dam ............ ............ ............... None. Type of construction ....... - Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation ....-.. ................ Under construction. Cost (estimated)-....X. .. $5,060,900. 462 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Calcasieu lock Miles below Lake Charles, La............................... 16.6. Miles from Calcasieu River .............................. .. 0.5. Width between abutments.-------..... ---------............. -- 75 feet. Length available for full width-.......-.-..........-......... 1,180 feet. Lift....................................................................----------------------------------- 0-4 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level_......_...-..-............ 13 feet. Character of foundation._ ___-------....__ -- ..... . Concrete slab on preconsoli- dated stiff clay. Kind of dam....................------------------------------. None. Type of construction .~... Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation ................. . December 1950. Cost... .......---........... . . . .. $2,133,527. Plaquemine lock Miles above New Orleans, La. (Canal St.) ........-------- 113. Miles from Mississippi River ____..... .___.__. 0.10. Width of chamber --.......................... -- 55 feet. Length available for full width... _____ 260 feet. Lift---............--...................---------------------0-34 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level................ 10 feet. Character of foundation............ Timber piles. Kind of dam ........- - - - - None. Type of construction .............. . Concrete. .....-- Completed and opened to navigation......... 1909. Cost...............................----------------------------------- $1,302,006. Bayou Sorrel lock Miles from New Orleans, La. (Canal St.): Via Plaquemine lock.................... . 131. Via Harvey lock .....-.- 135. Miles from Mississippi River via Plaquemine lo ck .......... ......-- -- -- --... .. .. . .. . .. . .. 18 . Width of chamber-... - - - - - 56 feet. Length available for full width..................... 760 feet. Lift-----............................------------------------------- 0.21 feet Depth on sill at mean low Gulf level...........-....... 14.31 feet. Character of foundation-- . -.---.--.--....-........ Timber piles. Type of construction..-.......___....------- Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation ................... June 1951. Completed October 1952. Cost ....--.... :.--_ _ .. . . $4,700,948. Vermilion lock Miles from Abbeville, La........ - 26. Miles from Vermilion River____ .------- ____-___-__-___. .__ -1.75. Width between abutments ____.___________.. . ._________56 feet. Length available for full width_........................ .__ . 1,182 feet. Lift.... ------------------------------------------ 0-5 feet, either direction. Depth on gate at mean low Gulf level ......... 11.3 feet. Character of foundation_ -__-. - -----..------.. Timber piles. Kind of dam .-....- - - . --.. . . -~.~.--------.... . Reinforced concrete spillway dam, vertical cast-steel gates, timber-pile foundations. Type of construction-..-..-.- -------. . . Reinforced concrete. Opened to navigation _______ ._ 1933 and completed 1934. ................... Cost... ----------------..---------------.....................---. $330,765. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 463 Bayou Boeuf lock Miles from New Orleans, La. (Canal St.): Via Harvey lock.......------------------------96.6. Via Plaquemine lock.............. .. . ................ 170.0. Miles from Mississippi River via Plaquemine lock ... 56.7. Width between abutments----------............------........ 75 feet. Length available for full width -.............- ....--- 1,160 feet. Lift........----... ........-------------------- 0-11.3 feet. Depth on sill at mean low Gulf-...-...----------------..... ... 13 feet. Character of foundation.......... ..... ... Concrete slab on medium to stiff clay. Type of construction...........- - Reinforced concrete gate bays with earth chamber. Opened to navigation ...-.............----------- -........ ---- --... Lock completed June 14, 1954; approach channels under con- struction. Cost (estimated)--------..............------------------...................... $2,754,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents i----- --- Mar. 3, 1925 Construction of waterway from New Orleans, La., H. Doc. 238, 68th Cong.lst sess. to Galveston Bay, Tex. Jan. 21, 1927 Extension of waterway to Corpus Christi, Tex ... - Do. July - 3, 1930 A channel 100 feet wide and 9 feet deep from Lake H. Doc. 341, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Pontchartrain to Mississippi Sound. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. July 23,1942 Enlargement of waterway from 100 feet wide and 9 H. Doc. 96, 79th Cong., 1st sess.; H. feet deep to 125 feet wide and 12 feet deep, from Doc. 230, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' Apalachee Bay, Fla., to Corpus Christi, Tex., and its extension to the vicinity of the Mexican border, except between Mobile Bay, Ala., and New Or- leans, La., where the width shall be 150 feet; and for rental of Inner Harbor Navigation Canal facilities. Mar. 2, 1945 Alternate connection with the Mississippi River in S. Doc. 188, 78th Cong., 2d sess. the vicinity of Algiers at New Orleans. July 24, 1946 Enlargement and extension of the Plaquemine-Mor- S. Doc. 242, 79th Cong., 2d sess. gan City route from the Mississippi-Atchafalaya section of the waterway, in the vicinity of Morgan City, to and through a new terminal lock and en- trance channel to the Mississippi River in the vicinity of Port Allen, opposite the lower limit of the Port of Baton Rouge. Do___------ Restoration, improvement and maintenance of the S. Doc. 189, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Franklin Canal as a terminal branch channel, 8 feet deep and 60 feet wide from its confluence with the Gulf-Intracoastal Waterway to Franklin, La. Do ..--- A salt-water guardlock in the waterway at mile 238 S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess. west of Harvey lock. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. 2 Not mentioned in authorizing act. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for the work performed by the United States prior to the modifications since 1945 were fully complied with. Local cooperation for modifications since 1945 has been complied with, except for that section of the waterway from Port Allen to Indian Village, for which documents of local cooperation have been requested. Terminal facilities. The terminals at New Orleans which are most generally used by Intracoastal Waterway traffic are those controlled by the State of Louisiana on the Inner Harbor Naviga- tion Canal. Since April 1, 1944, the portion from the Mississippi River to its intersection with the New Orleans-Rigolets section of 464 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway has been under lease to the United States and is now operated by the United States toll-free, 24 hours per day. Except for the terminal facilities at New Orleans, facili- ties are in general confined to privately owned piers, wharves, or oil docks. At Morgan City on the Atchafalaya River there are two large and three small wharves open to all without charge. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work by con- tract: Alternate connection in the vicinity of Algiers, La., also known as the Algiers lock and canal. The following work, in prog- ress at the beginning of the fiscal year or contracted during the fiscal year, was completed on dates indicated: Construction of Plaquemines and Orleans Parishes pumping stations on June 9 and 16, 1954, respectively; installation of power cable for Orleans Parish pumping station on April 9, 1954; con- struction of reservation building and appurtenances for Algiers lock on November 11, 1953; and the installation of a chain link fence on Algiers lock reservation on July 27, 1953, all at a cost of $487,093. Purchases of equipment for the Plaquemines and Orleans Par- ishes pumping stations amounted to $355,079. On June 21, 1954, construction of concrete bridge was completed under contract for Plaquemines Parish road relocation and access road, which work was commenced on February 5, 1954, and at the end of the fiscal year was 74 percent complete. All necessary cul- verts have been installed, the detour road has been completed, and parish road relocation is in progress. Costs were $104,772. Construction of second lift of Algiers navigation canal levee commenced on May 7, 1954, and at the end of the year approxi- mately 35,586 cubic yards were placed in constructing 6,800 linear feet of west levee and 52,573 cubic yards were placed in construct- ing 9,300 linear feet of east levee, at a cost of $23,021. Under a reimbursable contract with the State of Louisiana, Department of Highways, for highway relocations, including a vehicular traffic tunnel and necessary bridges, construction con- tracts have been awarded as follows: For a vertical lift bridge over Algiers Cutoff Canal for State Route No. C-1509: Work on this contract, in progress at the be- ginning of the fiscal year, was 24 percent complete, with the fol- lowing work accomplished: Driving of all concrete substructure piles and timber piles for north and south fender system complete, and construction of concrete roadway, sidewalk, and concrete spans commenced. For grading, drainage structures, and bituminous surface treat- ment of Cutoff and Twelve-Mile Point highways. This contract commenced during the previous fiscal year and is 81 percent com- plete. During the year culverts were installed along both high- ways and hauling of shell was completed. Twelve-Mile Point highway and embankment were rolled, bladed, and compacted, a concrete steel bridge was built across drainage canal, and two 24-foot approach slabs were poured for use in connection with this bridge. Grading and shelling of Ammunition Dump Road was completed. Cutoff highway was rolled, bladed, and com- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 465 pacted. Approximately 232 linear feet of curb and gutter concrete for neutral ground at intersection of Ammunition Dump Road and road "B" were poured. For construction of Belle Chasse vehicular traffic tunnel. Work on this contract commenced on February 16, 1954. At the end of the fiscal year construction was 17 percent complete with excava- tion for structures in progress, clearing and grubbing of approxi- mately 14 acres completed, slopes dressed, and well-point system installed. The first section of the concrete slab has been poured in the tunnel site and work was started on the roadway that constitutes the east and west approaches of the tunnel. For construction of fixed bridges at State Routes Nos. C-31 and C-1460 over Plaquemines drainage canal. Work on this contract has not commenced. For construction of Bayou Barataria Road: To date spoil bank borings have been made. Costs on these contracts were $711,486. The contract for designing, fabricating, erecting, and testing a 50-ton stiffleg derrick is 82 percent complete and the contract for the manufacture and delivery of emergency dam girders and of needle dam girders, including the girder supports, is 75 percent complete. Costs on these contracts were $191,861. Work under lump sum contract for design, plans, and specifica- tions for a vertical lift bridge, a fixed span bridge, approaches, and appurtenances to relocate the New Orleans and Lower Coast Rail- road facilities affected by the Algiers lock and canal project, com- menced in previous fiscal year, was 95 percent complete, with costs of $289. A reimbursable contract has been entered into with the railroad covering engineering, inspection, and deferred construc- tion for this work, which will be accomplished by continuing con- tract. The work has been advertised and bids are scheduled to be opened July 30, 1954. A reimbursable contract has been entered into, subject to the approval of the Chief of Engineers, with the Southern Bell Tele- phone and Telegraph Co. for alteration of their facilities across Algiers lock and canal project near Belle Chasse, Plaquemines Parish, La. Delayed costs on contract for guide walls completed in previous fiscal year amounted to $455. Water was supplied to Algiers lock during the fiscal year at a cost of $3,229. New work by hired labor: For the Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route: preparation of plans and specifications for reloca- tion of railroad bridge at Morley, La.; of right-of-way maps; and of engineering studies in connection with design memorandum on Port Allen lock; and model studies, soil borings, and analysis, were continued at a cost of $28,771. For the Algiers lock and canal: repairs to power cable, condi- tion check of structure; obtaining discharge measurements for Orleans and Plaquemines Parishes pumping stations, and inspec- tion of equipment for these stations; miscellaneous work and weed cutting; interim dressing of levees in Orleans Parish; and placing of third layer of earthfill, approximately 8,174 cubic yards, on 466 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 approach embankments at vertical lift bridge State Route No. C-1509, were performed at a cost of $26,465; and procurement of local cooperation, preparation of relocation agreements, of engi- neering and design, and of plans and specifications, and soil bor- ings were continued at a cost of $17,366. Maintenance by contract: A total of 2,320.48 stations were dredged by the following contract dredges during the period February 11 to June 30, 1954, in restoring project dimensions to approximately 67 miles of the channel in the New Orleans-Rigolets section and Mississippi River-Vermilion River section: Dredge Tchefuncta ............................................. ... ............. ..... 1,716.74 stations Dredge Blackwater-........................................................................... 126.25 stations Dredge Moreland II -....-.-..... -...................... __ ........................ ..... 121.00 stations Dredge Paul F. Jahncke-....__.... .....-............ .._ ....... ........... ..... 356.49 stations Costs covering this contract dredging amounted to $404,371. Approximately 564,017 cubic yards of shoaled material were removed by leased dredges as follows: Pontchartrain Tchefuncta Natchez Inner Harbor Navigation Canal forebay____ ________-_- - 112, 115 ---------------- Plaquemine lock forebay and tailbay --- 48, 460 ----------------------------------- Wax Lake Outlet crossing....---------------- 403, 442 In addition, the leased dredge Grand Bay removed a shoal from the waterway at mile 6.1 east of Harvey lock. The cost of work by leased dredges was $174,480. Maintenance by hired labor: Preliminary plans and specifica- tions; acquisition of rights-of-way; procurement of local cooper- ation; miscellaneous investigations and surveys; supervision, in- spection, and patrol of the waterway; removal of snags and other obstructions to navigation; stream gaging; and preparation of agreements and economic justification study for navigation proj- ects, were continued by hired labor at a cost of $143,841. A report and study of caving banks west of Harvey, La., was continued at a cost of $2,135, and the damaged bulkhead on the waterway at Houma, La., was removed at a cost of $3,056. Dredging to remove debris and deposits from gate pits at each end of Harvey, Plaquemine, and Inner Harbor Navigation Canal locks was performed at a cost of $5,720, and clearing willows from banks of waterway west of Harvey lock, which obstructed the view around bend for navigation, was accomplished at a cost of $17,143. Wheel wash operations were used for removal of shoaling in Plaquemine lock forebay at a cost of $3,785. Balance of cost for fiscal year 1954, incidental to rental lease for use of Inner Harbor Navigation Canal facilities, was $123,000. Costs for collection and compilation of commercial statistics and processing of permits and leases for the project were $23,416. Costs for deferred items on this project amounted to $66,420. Operating and care: The locks were operated throughout the fiscal year. The locks, grounds, and structures were maintained RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 467 in good condition, and all necessary and routine work thereon performed by hired labor at the following costs: Calcasieu lock .............. ................... ------------------------. $63, 302 Havylc Harvey lock ---------------------------------------------------------- _...... . ... ............... - 9,2 - -.- -......... 96, 721 Inner Harbor Navigation Canal lock .....................-------------------------- 170,844 Plaquemine lock .. ...------------------------------------------ 92,870 Vermilion lock ... ... ... ....................................... 81,863 Algiers lock ..... .... 1,065 ..........................................------------------------------------ Total-.... . -.-.....-..-. ... 506, 665 . ............ The cost of operating the Paris Road pontoon bridge and the Florida Avenue bridge was $75,103, including replacing of wooden deck and reconstruction of approaches at Paris Road Bridge. The following contract work was performed at the locks: Reconstruction of the fender system at the Inner Harbor Navi- gation Canal, commenced under continuing contract in previous fiscal year, was completed on November 9, 1953. Repairs to Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, commenced in pre- vious fiscal year, were completed on May 10,, 1954, and construc- tion of the northeast dolphin and fender system at this lock was accomplished during the period November 30, 1953, to January 21, 1954. The guide walls and fender system at Calcasieu lock were re- paired during the period February 9 to March 3, 1954. The foundations of the two residences at Harvey lock were re- constructed and appurtenant repairs were made to the houses dur- ing the period January 23 to March 10, 1954. The costs chargeable to these contracts were $328,345. Hired labor forces removed fender system framework from emergency dam girder recess on lake end of Inner Harbor Naviga- tion Canal lock; made repairs to the Harvey Canal lock, restored the dam to the by-pass channel at Vermilion lock during the period January 14 to March 15, 1954; and made repairs to the concrete mats in lock chamber at Calcasieu lock, all at a cost of $97,280. The total costs during the fiscal year (all funds) were $3,924,- 643 of which $1,949,887 was for new work; $967,365 for mainte- nance; and $1,007,391 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, as modified by River and Harbor Acts approved March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, is 44 percent complete. Plaquemine lock was completed in 1909; its reservation com- prises 19 acres. Vermilion lock was completed in 1934; the ground on which it is constructed is possessed by the United States under an easement deed to a strip of land 300 feet wide along the Intracoastal Waterway. Harvey lock was completed in 1935; the reservation comprises 3.3 acres. Inner Harbor Navigation Canal lock was leased by the United States from the Board of Commis- sioners of the Port of New Orleans effective April 1, 1944. Bayou Sorrel lock, constructed with funds for Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries, and located in the East Atchafalaya Basin protection levee, was opened to navigation June 4, 1951, and com- pleted October 1, 1952. The lock is used as part of the Gulf Intra- coastal Waterway alternate route from Plaquemine, La., to Mor- 468 REPORT OF CHIEF OF :ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 gan City, La. Calcasieu lock, which was opened to navigation on December 18, 1950, was physically completed on April 25, 1952. Dredging of the canal, except for the work authorized under River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, was commenced on December 19, 1942, and completed on June 9, 1944. Dredging Franklin Canal to an interim 8- by 50-foot section was completed during the period July 26, 1949, to March 14, 1950. The alternate connection below Algiers, with new lock, is ap- proximately 67 percent complete, with the following work having been accomplished to date at a cost of $10,014,519: Completion of lock structure and backfill, excavation of Plaquemines Parish and Orleans Parish drainage canals and pumping station sites and erection of the respective pumping stations, including purchase of equipment; partial completion of guide levees and navigation canal; purchase and installation of power cable for Orleans Parish pumping station; installation of a chain link fence on Algiers lock reservation; and relocation and alteration of reservation buildings and construction of appurtenances; and work in progress under a reimbursable contract with the Department of Highways, State of Louisiana, for the relocation of State Routes Nos. C-1509 and C-996, including fixed bridges over drainage canals as required, construction of Algiers Cutoff Canal bridge, construction of a vehicular traffic tunnel for State Route No. 31 crossing of the navigation canal, and for construction of Bayou Barataria Road. Also in progress is construction of parish road relocation and ac- cess road, Plaquemines Parish, La., the second lift of Algiers navigation canal, and work under a lump sum contract for the design, plans and specifications for a vertical lift bridge for the New Orleans and Lower Coast Railroad crossing of the navigation canal and a fixed bridge over the drainage canal. Contracts have been entered into for the construction of fixed bridges at State Routes Nos. C-31 and C-1460 over Plaquemines drainage canal under reimbursable contract with the Department of Highways, State of Louisiana, and for the construction of Or- leans Parish pumping station access road. New work remaining to complete the project, besides that which is now in progress and/or under contract, consists of: Alternate connection below Algiers with new lock: completion of navigation canal, including the river approach channel; removing plugs and shaping levees; and construction of a vertical lift railroad bridge, a fixed bridge and track raising for the New Orleans and Lower Coast Railroad crossing. Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route: Dredging 12- by 125-foot alternate route between Port Allen and Morgan City, with construction of lock in vicinity of Port Allen, three bridges, and relocation of highways, railroads, and utilities. Lake Borgne Light No. 41 to the Vermilion River section: Construction of a permanent bridge at Louisiana High- way No. 61 (Paris Road), mile 13.0, and construction of bulk- heads and jetties at Chef Menteur and Rigolets at miles 22.7 and 33.7, respectively, all east of Harvey lock, completion of Franklin canal, and other minor items. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (June 1954), were: Lake RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 469 Borgne Light No. 41 to Sabine River, 12 feet; and Plaquemine- Morgan City alternate route, 9 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year (all funds) were $43,252,379 of which $25,776,031 was for new work (including $353,541, public works funds, and $330,- 370 contributed funds), $9,621,566 for maintenance including $11,457 covering cost of deferred items, and $7,854,781 (exclud- ing $521,485 costs for works of improvement under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purpose) for operation and care of locks and bridges. In addition, the sum of $521,485 was expended between January 1, 1927, and June 30, 1935, on the operating and care of works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purpose. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 2 New work: Appropriated .. __ $2, 500,000 $3, 450, 000 $4, 366, 543 $60, 000 $35, 000 $33, 645, 371 Cost .. __ __- - 1, 669, 567 1, 327, 602 1, 213, 992 2, 969, 426 1, 949, 887 29, 908, 269 Maintenance: Appropriated- -_ 1, 522, 180 2, 310, 450 1, 544, 913 1, 573, 728 1, 882, 563 18, 664, 702 Cost-------------- 1, 435, 516 1, 857, 752 1, 832, 567 1, 834, 179 1, 974, 756 18,479, 554 1 Includes $4,320,698 for new work; $454,259 for maintenance; and $548,948 for operating and care for previ- ous projects. 2 Included in these totals are $353,541, NIRA funds (new work); $1,070,433, permanent indefinite appro- priation and $11,457 covering cost of deferred items (maintenance); and $75,000 from appropriation for main- tenance and operation of dams and other improvements of navigable waters. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954........... $1,011,844 ..----------. Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-....-------- 750, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------------------.. -------------------- 1,761,844 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project-----...----......--..............----------------.......................-------................... 27, 375, 327 Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated $4, 000 -$4, 000 ----------- 2 -$8, 897 $330,370 Cost.. 57, 103 - I I -330, 370 1 Includes contributed funds in amount of $295,267 and advanced funds in amount of $35,103. 2 Refund of trust funds. 3. INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY, FROM THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER TO BAYOU TECHE, LA. Location. This waterway extends in a westerly direction from the Mississippi River, at or near Harvey, La., to Bayou Teche, La., above Morgan City. This route follows the Harvey Canal No. 1, and Bayou Barataria from the Mississippi River to Lake Salva- dor; thence across Lake Salvador; thence through Harvey Canal No. 2 to Bayou Lafourche and up this bayou to Lockport; thence through the Company Canal to Bayou Terrebonne and up this 470 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 bayou to the vicinity of Houma; thence through a land cut to Bayou Black; thence along Bayou Black, Bayou Chene, and Bayou Boeuf to Morgan City; thence up the Atchafalaya River to the mouth of Bayou Teche, a total distance of 115 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1116; U. S. Geological Sur- vey maps, New Orleans, East Bertrandville, Lake Cataouatche East, Barataria, Cut-Off, Houma, and Gibson quadrangles; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Morgan City and Belle Isle quadrangles; and navigation maps of Intracoastal Waterway and Atchafalaya River system.) Existing project. This provides for a waterway from the Mis- sissippi River to Bayou Teche having a depth of 5 feet below mean low Gulf level and a bottom width of 40 feet, with appropriate side slopes. This project has been largely superseded by the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (New Orleans district). Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 10 inches, and the extreme range about 14 inches. A severe storm may cause a high tide of from 6 to 9 feet. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1922, is $875,000. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. 610, 63d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is printed opposite page 2401 of the Annual Report for 1920. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. On Bayou Terrebonne, at Houma, there are several small privately owned wharves. On the Atchafalaya River at Morgan City there are two large and three small wharves open to all without charge and there are several private wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Restoration of Black Bayou channel to a 5-foot depth by snagging and hand clearing be- tween mile 83.5 and the highway bridge at Gibson, La., was ac- complished by hired labor during the period December 7 to 11, 1953, at a cost of $3,506 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. This project has not been com- pleted and has been superseded for most of its length by the pres- ent 12- by 125-foot Gulf Intracoastal Waterway which coincides with or parallels it. Only those sections of the project which are used for navigation are being maintained. The total costs were $9,873, all for maintenance. All costs and expenditures incurred prior to July 1, 1939, are reported under previous projects of the Gulf Intracoastal Water- way between Apalachee Bay, Fla., and the Mexican Border (New Orleans district). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $500 --------------------------------- $3, 506 $9, 873 Cost----------------- 500 ---------------------------------- 3,506 9,873 RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 471 4. THE INLAND WATERWAY FROM FRANKLIN TO THE MERMENTAU RIVER, LA. Location. This canal extends from Hanson lock on Bayou Teche through Hanson Canal and Bayou Portage to the Intracoastal Waterway, and along the Intracoastal Waterway to mile 161, west of Vermilion Bay. The total length of the waterway is 26.8 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1116; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Foster, Bayou Sale, Jeanerette, and Derouen quadrangles; U. S. Geological Survey maps, Abbeville (southeast), and Abbeville (southwest).) Existing project. This project, as modified by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), provides for a waterway from Bayou Teche at or near Franklin, La., to the western end of Vermilion Bay, having a depth of 5 feet below mean low Gulf and a bottom width of 40 feet, with appropriate side slopes; also the purchase of the Hanson Canal. This project, reported in the Annual Report for 1924 under the headings, Intracoastal Waterway, Franklin to Mermentau, La., and Intracoastal Waterway from Vermilion River to Schooner Bayou, La., has been superseded for most of its length by the project "Gulf Intracoastal Waterway (New Orleans District)." The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the incorporation of the existing project "Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to the Mermentau River," west of Vermilion Bay, in the modified Flood Control, Gen- eral, project "Mermentau River, La." Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tides is about 10 inches and the extreme range about 14 inches. A severe storm may cause a high tide of from 6 to 9 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1950) is $125,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $22,000, including $12,000 for operation and care of Hanson lock. Data regarding the lock are as follows: Hanson lock Miles from Franklin, La ........ 1.5. Miles from Bayou Teche .......... 0. Width of chamber .............. 26.5 feet. Length available for full width ------- 937 feet. Lift.....----------------------------- - 0-5 feet. Depth on miter sill at low water_................ . . . 5 feet. Character of foundation ...... . ___.__.__. Timber piles. --- - -- - K ind of dam ...........................-- None. Type of construction ...........--..... Concrete buttresses, wooden miter gates, earth-lock chamber. Completed 1907. Operated by the United -___-.._.. States since 1923. Cost. -..-.... . $65,000, including 4.1 miles of canal. 472 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 The general project (waterway from Franklin to the H. Doc. 640, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Mermentau River, La.). Mar. 3,1909 (Authorized the Secretary of War to make such Feb. 27,1911 changes in location of channel as might be desir- able. July 25,1912 Authorized the purchase of the so-called Hanson Canal between Bayou Teche and Cote Blanche Bay, at a cost not to exceed $65,000. Mar. 2, 1919 H. Dec. 1336, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Construction of the Schooner Bayou cutoff--......... (Contains latest published maps.) June 26, 19341 Inclusion of operation and care of locks in project provided for with funds from War Department ap- propriations for rivers and harbors. July 24, 1946 The incorporation of the existing project west of Ver- S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess. milion Bay in the modified project "Mermentau River, La." 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal act. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs in the amount of $1,873, operating and care, were incurred for maintenance of Hanson lock. Normally the gates are left in an open position and are operated only as required. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was considered complete prior to the modification by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, which provided for channel enlargement and realignment from Vermilion Bay to White Lake and from White Lake to Grand Lake; for channel enlargement of North Prong of Schooner Bayou and for construction of a gated control structure in the new channel near Schooner Bayou lock, and the incorporation of the existing project "Inland Waterway from Franklin to the Mermentau River, La.," west of Vermilion Bay, in the modified Flood Control, General, project "Mermentau River, La." The Hanson Canal and lock were acquired on October 16, 1923; the lockmaster's house was completed in 1924; and was moved to Berwick lock during the period August 27 and October 26, 1951. The United States property on which the lock is situated is a strip of land 300 feet wide between parallel lines running from Bayou Teche to Bayou Portage, containing 148 acres. Dredging from Vermilion Bay to the Mermentau River was completed in 1912. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (April 1953), were: From Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Cut-Off Canal, 6.5 feet; to Schooner Bayou, 12 feet; to White Lake, 11 feet; over bar, 3 feet; to Grand Lake, 6 feet; over bar, 3 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 5 feet. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $791,518, of which $249,052 was for new work, $137,262 for maintenance, and $405,204 was for operating and care. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 473 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated --------------- ------- ----------------------------- ------------ $249, 052 Cost-------------------- -- 249, 052 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- Cost------------- [ $10, 800 11,687 $7, 950 4, 647 -$1, 000 1,572 - __ $1, 900 $2, 000 1,873 542, 969 542, 466 1 Includes $165,299 from permanent indefinite appropriation for operating and care. 5. MISSISSIPPI RIVER, BATON ROUGE TO THE GULF OF MEXICO, LA. Location. The Mississippi River between 'Baton Rouge and the Gulf of Mexico flows in a general southeasterly direction through the southeastern portion of the state of Louisiana. At the Head of Passes, 233.1 miles below the Louisiana Highway Commission bridge at Baton Rouge, the river is broken up into three main passes: Southwest Pass, South Pass, and Pass a Loutre, two of which, Southwest Pass and South Pass, are improved under the existing project. The distances from Head of Passes to the mouths of Southwest and South Passes are 20.1 miles and 13.5 miles, respectively. The mouth of Southwest Pass is 141 miles west of Mobile, Ala., and 349 miles east of Galveston, Tex. The mouth of South Pass is 18.5 miles northeast of the mouth of South- west Pass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1269, 1271, and 1272; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map and Zachary, Baton Rouge, White Castle, Donaldsonville, Thibodaux, Mount Airy, Bonnet Carre, Hahnville, New Orleans, St. Bernard, Bertrandville, Barataria, Pointe a la Hache, and Forts quadrangles; and United States Geo- logical Survey maps, Empire, Cubits Gap, Pass a Loutre (west), Pass a Loutre (east), Southwest Pass, South Pass, Burrwood, and Mud Pan Bayou quadrangles.) Previous projects. Previous projects for the different sections of this improvement were adopted by the following River and Har- bor Acts; July 4, 1836; March 3, 1837; August 30, 1852; July 8, 1856; and January 21, 1927. For further details, see page 1847, Annual Report for 1915; page 724, Annual Report for 1937; and pages 767 and 775, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for channel dimensions as fol- lows: Between a line one-half mile below the Louisiana Highway Com- mission bridge at Baton Rouge and the upper port limits of New Orleans, a distance of 128.6 miles, 35 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 500 feet. Within the limits of the port of New Orleans, where that author- ity has jurisdiction over both banks of the river, a distance of 17.2 miles, 35 feet deep (mean low Gulf) and a maximum width of 1,500 feet, measured from a line generally 100 feet from the face of the left-bank wharves, but not closer than 100 feet to wharves on the right bank. 474 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 From the lower limits of the port of New Orleans to the Head of Passes, a distance of 86.7 miles, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 1,000 feet wide. Southwest Pass from Head of Passes to the outer ends of the jetties, a distance of 21.2 miles, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 800 feet wide. Southwest Pass bar, 40 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 600 feet wide. South Pass from Head of Passes to the outer ends of the jetties, a distance of 14.2 miles, 30 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 450 feet wide. South Pass bar, 30 feet deep (mean low Gulf) by 600 feet wide. The general plan of improvement of Southwest Pass provides for contracting the pass to a uniform cross section with approxi- mately 1,420-foot surface width by means of jetties, spur dikes, and bulkheads; for channel improvement by dredging and retain- ing the dredged material between the dikes, bulkheads, and jetties; for dredging a channel through the outer bar inclining to the left of the jetty axis; for the construction of small revetted openings through the narrow portions of the banks of the pass for purpose of strengthening these banks; for closure of minor outlets not required for maintenance of the banks; for the construction of sills to prevent the enlargement of the Jump and Cubits Gap; for dredging to elevation minus 40 feet in the river at Head of Passes, as far as Cubits Gap, a distance of 3.5 miles; for repairs to sill across Pass a Loutre and bank revetment at Head of Passes; for construction of dikes with a view to reducing the width of the river above Head of Passes; for the construction of a submerged deflecting dike above the Head of Passes; and for other minor work. The east jetty is approximately 24,950 feet in length and the west jetty 19,699 feet. The jetties are composed of a substruc- ture of brush mattresses, originally built to about the elevation of mean low water, surmounted with a superstructure of concrete and large riprap. Spur dikes are composed of cribwork of round piling filled with willows and stone, or with a curtain of round piles along the upstream face. The general plan of improvement of South Pass provides for the construction and maintenance of jetties and spur dikes; mainte- nance of a sill across Pass a Loutre; for dredging a channel 40 feet deep and no specified width through the shoals of the river between Cubits Gap and Head of Passes, 31/ miles, and for seaward exten- sion of east jetty at mouth of pass; removal of west dike and con- struction of spur dikes and bank revetment at Head of Passes; removal of false point at the head of South Pass to bottom eleva- tion of minus 45 feet and revetment of new bank line. The east jetty foundation is 12,070 feet long; the inner east jetty is 11,170 feet long; the west jetty is 7,820 feet long; and the inner west jetty is 4,710 feet long. The jetties are composed of a substructure of brush mattresses surmounted by a superstructure of stone and concrete. Spur dikes are composed of a cribwork of round piling filled with willows and stone. The plane of reference is mean low Gulf level. Variation of water surface is 16 inches at the mouths and 10 inches at the heads RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 475 of the passes, due to tides. The extreme range of tides at the mouths of the passes due to storms is about 28 inches. At New Orleans the extreme range of water surface is about 20 feet due to floods. At Baton Rouge the extreme range is about 45 feet due to floods. The existing project for Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico, La., was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1875 Authorized James B. Eads and associates to create June 19,1878 and maintain a wide and deep channel, South ISpecified in acts. Mar. 3,1879 Pass. June 6,19001 For maintenance by the United States and the ap- Do. propriation of not exceeding $100,000 annually for that purpose, South Pass. June 13, 1902 For a navigable channel in Southwest Pass of 35-foot H. Doc. 329, 56th Cong., 1st sess., depth, the details of the work subject to modifica- and Annual Report, 1900, p. 2287. tion at the discretion of the Secretary of War. May 28, 1908 Dredging shoals between Head of Passes and Cubits Specified in act. Gap. 1For dredging in the river.._................... _ Do. Do....... SRemovalof west dike and construction of spur dikes Report by Board of Engineer offi- J and bank revetment at Head of Passes. cers (Annual Report, 1916, pp. 2420-2426). Mar. 3,1909 Provision made for increasing the plant by the addi- Specified in acts. tion of a large dredge. (2) Further contraction of the lower mile of the jetty Interim report of board on revised channel in Southwest Pass to a width of 1,420 feet plan for navigation structures, by means of dikes, and removal of the sill across Cubits Gap to the mouth of the the head of South Pass. Passes, Oct. 20, 1934. (2) Removal of the sill across the head of South Pass.... Do. June 26, 1934 For continuing maintenance operations with funds Permanent Appropriations Re- from regular annual War Department appropria- peals Act. tions, South Pass. (3) Spur dikes at the head of Southwest Pass and the Second interim report of board on construction of new dikes and extension of existing revised plan for navigation struc- dikes on the east bank of the Mississippi River at tures, Cubits Gap to the mouths Pilottown, La. of the Passes, July 12, 1935. (4) Additional spur dikes at the head of Southwest Pass Final report of board on revised and construction of new dikes and extension of plan for navigation structures, existing dikes in the lower jetty channel, South- Cubits Gap to the mouths of the west Pass. Passes, Dec. 20, 1935. June 20,1938 Channel 35 feet deep at mean low water and 1,000 feet H. Doc. 597, 75th Cong., 3d sess. wide, Head of Passes to upper limits of the port of New Orleans; 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide to a line M-mile below river bridge at Baton Rouge, except that within the limits of the port of New Orleans the channel shall be 1,500 feet wide. (5) Dredging in Mississipp iRiver between Cubits Gap Interim report of board of officers and Head of Passes to bottom elevation of 55 feet appointed to determine what and construction of bank control structures and work may be advisable to com- channel correction dredging in Southwest Pass be- plete the existing project for low mile 10. Southwest Pass, Mississippi River * * *; dated June 10, 1938. (5) Improvement at the head of SouthPass by removal of Do. the false point at this locality to a bottom elevation of at least 45 feet, including revetment of the new bank line. Mar. 2, 1945 Combines projects of Mississippi River, Baton Rouge H. Doc. 215, 76th Cong., 1st sess. to New Orleans, Mississippi River, South Pass, (Contains latest published map.) and Southwest Pass, adding thereto project for Mississippi River from New Orleans to Head of Passes, to provide a single project "Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico," with channel dimensions as follows: Baton Rouge to New Orleans, 35 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 500 feet wide; port limits of New Orleans, 35 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 1,500 feet wide; New Orleans to Head of Passes, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 1,000 feet wide; Southwest Pass, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 800 feet wide; Southwest Pass Bar Channel, 40 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 600 feet wide; South Pass, 30 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 450 feet wide; South Pass Bar Channel, 30 feet deep, mean low Gulf, by 600 feet wide. 1 Emergency act. 2 Authority of Secretary of War, Oct. 31, 1934. a Authority of Secretary of War, Sept. 20, 1935. 4 Authority of Secretary of War, July 22, 1936. 5 Authority of Secretary of War, June 30, 1938. 476 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1954) is $32,885,- 000. The latest (1952) revised estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $1,750,000. Recommended modification of project. House Document No. 245, 82d Congress, 1st session, provides for construction of two new features: (1) A seaway canal, 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide, extend- ing 70 miles as a land and water cut from Micheaud southeasterly to Lake Borgne, and across Chandeleur Sound to the 38-foot contour in the Gulf of Mexico, with protective jetties, a permanent retention dike through Chandeleur Sound, and a wing dike along the islands as required. (2) An inner tidewater harbor consisting of a 1,000 by 2,000-foot turning basin 36 feet deep at the landward end of the seaway canal, and a connecting channel 36 feet deep and 500 feet wide extending westerly along the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway from the turning basin to the Industrial Canal. The Federal cost of this modification is estimated on the basis of 1948 prices at $67,000,000 for construction and $1,000,000 an- nually for maintenance. The estimated non-Federal cost is $610,000. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Some 100 piers, wharves, or docks serve the port of New Orleans. Practically all wharves on the east or left bank parallel the river bank forming nearly a continuous cov- ered quay about 10 miles long. A foreign trade zone is located in the port of New Orleans. Public wharves controlled by the Board of Commissioners of the port of New Orleans (the dock board) cover 62 percent of the im- proved water front. The board also controls the terminal facilities on the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal (the Industrial Canal) which connects the Mississippi River with Lake Pontchartrain and turning basin (1,000 by 1,000 feet). Since April 1, 1944, the portion of the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal from the Missis- sippi River to its intersection with the New Orleans-Rigolets sec- tion of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, exclusive of terminal fa- cilities, but inclusive of the lock and the bridges at St. Claude Avenue and at Florida Avenue, has been under lease to the United States and is now operated by the United States on a toll-free basis, 24 hours per day. From the turning basin to the river the canal has a controlling depth of 30 feet. A quay wharf of rein- forced concrete, 265 feet wide by 2,400 feet long owned by the dock board is located on the west bank of the canal. All public port facilities are served by paved roadways (gener- ally city streets) and by the Public Belt Railroad, municipally owned and operated, which connects with all 12 trunk lines enter- ing New Orleans. The existing terminal facilities include a ship-side grain eleva- RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 477 tor, general cargo and cotton wharves, fruit landings, bunkering facilities, terminal warehouses, railroad terminals, marine rail- ways, and drydocks. They are considered adequate for present commerce. (For further details see Port Series No. 20, "The Port of New Orleans, La." 1947.) Modern terminal facilities were installed by the city of Baton Rouge in 1926. A reinforced concrete dock for deep-sea vessels, 308 feet in length, has a covered shed area of approximately 20,000 square feet and is equipped with a 12-ton locomotive crane. At- tached to the downstream end of the wharf is a floating wharf boat 231 by 401/2 feet, of 2,000-ton capacity. The facilities are served by a transfer boat and municipal terminal, having a ca- pacity of 40 cars per day. Private terminals for handling oil and other products are located at points on both sides of the river between New Orleans and Baton Rouge. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing com- merce. (For further details, see "Port Facilities" included in "Flood Control and Navigation Maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana," published by the President, Mississippi River Commission.) Operations and results during fiscal year. No new work was performed during the fiscal year. Maintenance work performed on the project was as follows: a. Baton Rouge to New Orleans: Maintenance work consisted of removing 116,200 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt at Red Eye Crossing, mile 223.0 above Head of Passes, along the alinement of the front and rear range lights for a distance of approximately 2,500 feet. Maintenance dredging was also performed at Medora Crossing, mile 211.5 above Head of Passes, for a distance of approximately 1,500 feet by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt, removing 15,278 cubic yards of material. Maintenance work also consisted of dredging 156,777 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Lang fitt at Granada Crossing, mile 203.0 above Head of Passes, for a distance of approximately 2,500 feet. Reconnaissance surveys were made of Red Eye, Medora, Gra- nada and Philadelphia Point Crossings, as required. Costs for this work were as follows: Maintenance by hired labor: Dredging and surveys .. __................................. $51,559 b. New Orleans Harbor: Maintenance dredging was accom- plished by leased dredges Paul F. Jahncke, Tchefuncta, and Pont- chartrain, removing 1,253,815 cubic yards of material from the channel to provide project dimensions within the harbor at New Orleans beyond the 100-foot line from the face of the wharves along the left bank, from the Public Coal Wharf intermittently downstream to and including the Bay Petroleum wharf. The distance actually dredged was 23,430 feet and the following work was performed: 478 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cubic Location yards removed Dredge Paul F. Jahncke: Erato-Julia Street wharves_ ---------------- --------------------- 2,400 Dredge Tchefuncta: Public coal wharf _ _ ------------------------------------ 62,415 Dredge Pontchartrain: Public coal wharf... ---------------------------------------------- 77,140 Public grain elevator wharf--..------- ------------------------------------------ 50,550 Public cotton warehouse wharf --------- ------- --- ----------------------- 103,345 Stuyvesant docks...--------------------------------- 157, 235 Orange-Robin Street wharves -------------------- 149 535 Erato-Julia Street wharves _----------- .- 180, 225 Robin-Poydras Street wharves---- ---- ---------------------------------------- 302,480 Bienville-Toulouse Street wharves _-------------- - 115,315 Bay Petroleum wharf.. ----------------------------------- ...........-------------------- 53,175 On November 17, 1947, contract was entered into with the Board of Commissioners of the Port of New Orleans for a more efficient and expeditious use of dredges to provide navigable depths in the project channel in the Port of New Orleans, and within the 100-foot limit along the left bank wharves. On November 17, 1952, a supplemental agreement extended the contract for a period of five years. During the fiscal year under this reciprocal agree- ment 35,673 cubic yards were removed by leased dredge Pont- chartrain from within the 100-foot line and 83,050 cubic yards were removed by the Board of Commissioners outside the 100- foot line. River traffic signal lights in the vicinity of Westwego, La., Gretna, La., and Governor Nicholls Street in New Orleans, to govern the movement of vessels during flood stages on the Missis- sippi River in the vicinity of Algiers Point, Port of New Orleans, were not used during the fiscal year as the highest stage recorded on the Carrollton gage was 7.6 feet. Necessary surveys to determine the condition of the channel in the harbor were made. Costs were as follows: Maintenance by contract: Dredging by leased plant---------..----....... . $331, 057 Maintenance by hired labor: Maintenance of signal light towers ......-- 917 Total...... .. Total ------------------------------------------------------------------ - 974 331,,97 33 c. Southwest Pass: Maintenance work consisted of dredging 200,875 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt at the Head of Passes for a distance of approximately 2,400 feet along the entrance ranges into Southwest and South Passes. Restoration of structures at east and west headlands, Head of Passes, was accomplished during the period August 26, 1953, to February 10, 1954, by contract, when 6,204.56 tons of stone were placed in restoring 1,120 linear feet of dike at east headland and 580 linear feet of dike at west headland. Approximately 640 linear feet of timber pile trail dikes were built at east headland and 675 linear feet at west headland. Repairs to dike at west headland, Head of Passes, commenced on March 13, 1954, under contract and are now in progress. Ap- RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 479 proximately 94 percent of the work had been accomplished at the end of the fiscal year with 2,760 tons of stone placed in stone dike over a distance of 650 linear feet and 1,129.67 tons of stone placed in brush dike over a distance of 400 linear feet. At the Southwest Pass Bar and lower jetty channel, mainte- nance work consisted of dredging 440,673 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt between mile 19.2 below, Head of Passes and the end of the jettied channel, a distance of approximately 5,000 feet. Also, at this location between Ranges 152 and 224, a distance of approximately 7,000 feet, 339,352 cubic yards of material were removed by hired labor and U. S. dredge A. Mackenzie. At mile 13.5 below Head of Passes, maintenance dredging was performed by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt removing 243,685 cubic yards of material between Ranges 96 and 172 for a distance of approximately 7,600 feet. During the period March 22, 1954, to June 30, 1954, east jetty, Southwest Pass, was capped for a distance of 1,850 linear feet by the placing of 14,631.25 tons of stone and restored to grade and section over a distance of 1,275 linear feet by the placing of 3,980.45 tons of stone, all by contract. Repair and maintenance of outlets and miscellaneous structures, inspections, routine channel surveys, miscellaneous hydraulic in- vestigations, and examinations and observations were made by hired labor forces. Shore and floating plant and the Burrwood reservation were maintained. Costs were as follows: Maintenance by contract: Repairs to east and west headland structures, Head of Passes ..-.... $288, 280 Repairs to east jetty, Southwest Pass ......... .. ............. 281,478 Maintenance by hired labor: Dredging....-----------------------------------------247,279 Repair and maintenance of outlets and miscellaneous structures.... 3,938 Routine channel surveys, miscellaneous observations and opera- tion of Burrwood Base ..... .. ............ . . 172, 365 Total ... ................. --.------...... 993, 340 d. South Pass: At mile 2 below Head of Passes, maintenance work consisted of dredging 202,990 cubic yards of material by hired labor and U. S. dredge Langfitt between Ranges 52 and 88 'U. for a distance of approximately 4,000 feet. At South Pass Bar, S. dredge Langfitt removed 183,141 cubic yards of material between the end of the jetties and a distance of 3,700 feet into the Gulf of Mexico. Routine channel surveys and miscellaneous observations were made. Costs were as follows: Maintenance by hired labor: Dredging......... - -----------------..... $42, 865 Routine channel surveys, miscellaneous observations, and plans and specifications ..................... ------------------ 4, 674 Total ...... ...-........................ . 47, 539 Sig 16-479.510 480 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 e. Cost for collection and compilation of commercial statistics and processing of permits for the project was $24,476. f. Cost for supervision, inspection and reports, and maintenance of channel patrol from Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico was $10,864. g. Hydraulic surveys, investigations, and studies continued through fiscal year 1954. Data obtained included complete hydro- graphic surveys of Southwest and South Passes and the river be- low Wilder Flats, as required; continuous water-level records at controlling points throughout the passes; discharge measurements in each of the three main passes; and gagings of minor outlets. Periodic surveys were made of Southwest and South Passes, of both bar channels, at the Head of Passes, at Pass A Loutre, Cubits Gap, and the New Orleans Harbor. Average discharge at each of the three main passes of the lower Mississippi River in percentages of the total discharge of the river at the Head of the Passes during the flood cycles are as follows: 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 19541 Southwest Pass.... 34.25 34.28 38.15 34.96 36.07 36.24 35.00 35.00 34.96 None South Pass-------........ 18.41 17.36 18.37 18.46 17.43 18.30 20.28 20.65 20.45 made. Pass a Loutre ..- 47.34 48.36 43.48 46.58 46.50 45.46 44.72 44.35 44.59 Total-....... 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 1 No flood cycle during this year. h. The total costs for the fiscal year were $1,459,752 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole is 77 (revised) percent complete. a. Baton Rouge to New Orleans, New Orleans Harbor, and New Orleans to Head of Passes: This portion of the project was com- pleted in 1940 and maintenance dredging is required at river cross- ings above New Orleans and in the New Orleans Harbor. Minor deficiencies in project dimensions at the lower end of Dumaine Street and Governor Nicholls Street wharves in the New Orleans Harbor were not corrected because of the presence of revetment mattresses at these points. Existing depths opposite these loca- tions are adequate for present and anticipated future commerce. The normal width of channel between 35-foot contours within the limits of the port of New Orleans varies from 1,600 to 2,400 feet. Thalweg depths exceed 100 feet. Shoals along edges of the channel, which develop at various points during high river stages, make dredging necessary when river stages fall to maintain proj- ect depths to wharves along the east bank. A natural channel of project dimensions or greater was avail- able throughout the remainder of this portion of the project. b. Southwest Pass: Deepening of the pass and bar channel from 35 to 40 feet, mean low Gulf, as approved by Act of March 2, 1945, is yet to be performed. Maintenance dredging in the Lower Jetty Channel was in prog- ress at the end of the fiscal year. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 481 The east and west jetties have been restored to effective grade and section. East and west headland structures, Head of Passes, have been restored to effective grade and section. All permeable pile dikes for channel contraction are in good condition. For last complete report on the existing works of this pass, see pages 695-696 of the Annual Report for 1953. Channel conditions on June 30, 1954, were as follows: 35-foot channel Length Minimum of central channel Minimum Average depth (miles) width width (feet) (feet) (feet) Entrance channel into head of the pass_ .----------- --- 1.0 700 795 38 Through pass from head to sea end of jetties-........... 19.1 100 670 34 Through bar channel at mouth of pass-................. 1.3 700 900 37 c. South Pass: A good channel was available throughout the length of the pass during the fiscal year with dredging required only on the bar and at mile 2 below Head of Passes. All outlets in the pass should be reinforced with stone to prevent erosion of banks on the South Pass side. An outlet structure at mile 7.9 below Head of Passes will be constructed on the right bank. The east jetty has been restored to effective grade and section. Work will commence on restoration of the west jetty. For last complete report on the existing works of this pass, see page 696 of the Annual Report for 1953. Controlling channel conditions on June 30, 1954, were 34 feet over the bar channel at the Gulf entrance to the pass. Total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $61,133,119 of which $25,296,902 was for new work, and $35,836,217 for maintenance including $298,283 covering cost of deferred items. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 2 New work: Appropriated-----.--------- Cost- ----- $2, 084 1--------------$7,181 --------------------- $1,327 50- ---- $27, 026,890 20----------- -27,026890 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 2, 413, 370 1, 897, 627 2, 044, 300 $1,938, 109 $1, 214, 400 36, 074, 968 Cost.- ------------- 2, 261, 103 1, 896, 147 2, 166, 210 1, 806, 707 1, 459, 752 36,005, 272 1Includes $1,729,989 for new work and $169,055 for maintenance for previous projects. SIncluded in maintenance total is $3,379,676 from permanent indefinite appropriationand $298,283 to cover cost of deferred items. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project.................................................... $7, 588, 099 482 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 6. WATERWAY FROM EMPIRE, LA., TO THE GULF OF MEXICO Location. Waterway from Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico via Bayous Long and Fontanelle. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Empire quadrangle.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction and maintenance of a waterway, 10 miles long, from the State-owned canal and lock at Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico, to provide a channel 9 feet deep and 80 feet wide, and for the initial construction of rubble-stone jetties inshore of the 6-foot depth contour, with landward extensions thereof as required to prevent flanking, and for seaward extensions to the 9-foot depth contour if and when it becomes apparent that such extensions will be more economical than maintenance dredging of the entrance channel. The estimate of cost of new work (revised in 1954) is $2,600,- 000, including $1,534,900 for extension of jetties to the 9-foot depth contour. The approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $40,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 697, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) The only published map is in this document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for furnishing of title information, which local interests have partially prepared. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Acquisition of rights- of-way without reimbursement was carried on by hired labor at a cost of $1,053 for new work. Maintenance dredging to restore the channel to project dimen- sions from mile 0 at the Gulf shoreline to the 9-foot depth contour in the Gulf of Mexico and from mile 2.2 upstream to mile 3.3, a distance of 1.65 miles, was accomplished by the contract dredge Harvey during the period May 21 to June 7, 1954, when 76,997 cubic yards were removed at a cost of $24,318 for maintenance. Total costs were $25,371. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is physically com- plete, unless at a later date it is found necessary to extend the jetties to the 9-foot depth contour. Work on the project was initiated on July 31, 1948, and com- pleted on June 13, 1950, during which period the 9- by 80-foot channel from Empire, La., to the Gulf of Mexico, 10 miles, was excavated by contract. A total of 3,736 linear feet of jetties was constructed by con- tract to the 6-foot depth contour, 1,818 linear feet on east jetty and 1,918 linear feet on west jetty, during the period June 23, 1949, to February 18, 1950. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (June 1954) From the 9-foot depth contour in the Gulf to mile 9, project dimen- sions obtain; (December 1953) to mile 10, 7 feet. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,127,425 of which $1,066,189 was for new work and $61,236 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 483 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-........ $500, 000 $118, 000 ..---------------------------------- $1, 100, 000 Cost... 809, 045 3, 590 $1, 880 $7, 036 $1, 053 1, 066, 189 Maintenance: Appropriated--_ 800 -380 43, 000 -6, 500 27, 300 64, 220 Cost_ - 420 ----------- .. 39, 699 -3, 201 24, 318 61, 236 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............................ $154 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955....-------------------------------------- 154 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project --------......... --............... ................................ -------.. 1,500,000 7. BAYOU LAFOURCHE, LA. Location. Prior to 1902 Bayou Lafourche was an outlet of the Mississippi River, its head being at Donaldsonville, La., 80 miles above New Orleans. It flows in a general southerly direction to the Gulf of Mexico, a distance of 107 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116 and 1274; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map; Donaldsonville, White Castle, Napoleonville, Thibodaux, and Lac des Allemands quadrangles; and United States Geological Survey maps Houma, Cut-Off, Lake Felicity, Mink Bayou, Leeville, and Belle Pass quad- rangles.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, and August 11, 1888. For further details, see page 850 of Annual Report for 1915, page 833 of Annual Report for 1925, and page 791 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the permanent closure of the head of the bayou, without a lock; for a channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from Napoleonville to the Intracoastal Waterway at Lockport; and a channel of same dimensions from the Intra- coastal Waterway at Larose to the Gulf of Mexico via Belle Pass; the closure of Pass Fourchon; and for a jettied entrance at the mouth of Belle Pass. The total length of improvement is about 79.25 miles. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 3 inches at the head and 10 inches at the mouth of the bayou. Tropical hurricanes have been known to cause a variation of 10 feet at the mouth and severe rains and overflow have caused a variation of 3 to 10 feet at the head. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1954) is $1,110,- 000. The latest (1952) approved estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $50,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 45, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. 484 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are numerous private warehouses and wharves and stiff-leg derricks for handling cane along the bayou. At Thibodaux there is a dock with freight transfer and warehouses. At Lockport the Barker Barge Line has a large wharf with covered shed, and the Southern Pacific Railroad maintains a large wharf with covered shed. At Golden Meadow each of the seafood canneries has docking facilities suitable for its needs. Four oil companies have docks at Leeville for transferring the production of the Leeville oilfields to barges. The terminal facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor carried on engineering surveys, mapping, stream gaging, and channel patrol at a cost of $3,422. Cost for collection and compilation of commercial statistics and processing of permits for the project was $7,462. Repair of the jetties at Belle Pass between stations 0+00 and -5+68 by buttressing the sheet pile sections by placement of stone, in progress at the beginning of the fiscal year, was com- pleted on August 20, 1953. During the fiscal year 6,697 tons of stone were placed in repairing east jetty between stations -3+00 and -5+68 and -2+00 and 2+20, and west jetty between sta- tions -2+70 and -5+69. The groin was extended from station -1+20 to -2+40 seaward, all at a cost of $91,269. The total costs were $102,153 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 24 (re- vised) percent complete. The dredging between Larose, La., and the Gulf of Mexico was completed in 1939. The jetties at the mouth of Belle Pass were completed in 1939, but were subsequently damaged by storm action, which required the placement of additional stone adjacent to both sides of the steel sheet pile jetties in 1940, and the repair and extension of the jetties in 1941. During the fiscal year 1948 the stone jetties were repaired and extended inland about 700 feet from the shoreline; and the steel sheet pile section was strengthened, for about 250 feet Gulfward of stone jetties, by the placement of stone on both the Gulf and bayou sides. On May 31, 1949, an automatic tide gage for recording hurricane and storm tides was installed. Since 1948, the following repairs have been made to the jetties at Belle Pass: Fiscal Stone placed, Repairs, year tons Location linearfeet 1952...--.......---.......---. 3,326.65.......................---------------east jetty ..................................-------------- 315 1953........ ............. 7,096.90----------------....................... west jetty -.... . 298 ....-------------- ---------............. .... east jetty ..................................------------- 508 1954.... .... .............-----------------.. 6,697.09 ..-- -------.. --.............. west jetty.. -------------................................ 298 ---------.................... in groin---..------................................-----120 Work remaining to be done under the existing project consists of dredging the project channel between Lockport and Napoleonville, La. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (May 1954) were: Over bar, 7 feet; through Belle Pass, 7 feet; to Havoline Canal, 6 feet; to RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 485 Leeville, 7 feet; to Golden Meadow, 8 feet; to Larose, 7 feet; to Lockport (mile 56), 7 feet; (January 1953) to Thibodaux, 4 feet; to one-half mile above Thibodaux, 2 feet (dead vegetation blocks channel above this point). The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $833,863, of which $271,089 was for new work and $562,774 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated-ot...------------..------------.------------------------------------ $524, 024 Cost---------- ------------------------ ----------------------- ---------- -- 524,024 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $174 $52, 480 $3, 000 $221, 105 -$15, 000 578, 598 Cost----------------- 1, 809 5,882 55, 602 104, 577 102, 153 578, 219 1Includes $252,935 for new work and $15,445 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project.................. ............................ $838, 911 8. BAYOU TECHE, LA. Location. Bayou Teche has its source in Bayou Courtableau, in St. Landry Parish, and flows in a southeasterly direction, a distance of 125 miles, to where it joins the lower Atchafalaya River, about 101/2 miles above Morgan City, La. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1116, and Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map, and Palmetto, Opelousas, Caren- cro, Arnaudville, St. Martinville, Loreauville, Derouen, Jeanerette, Foster, and Belle Isle quadrangles.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of July 11, 1870, and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1851, Annual Report for 1915, and page 798, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide on the bottom from the mouth of the stream to New Iberia, La., 54.5 miles, thence 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide on the bottom to Keystone lock, 18 miles, and thence 6 feet deep and 50 feet wide on the bottom at Arnaudville, La., 34 miles, to be secured by dredging, removing snags and overhanging trees, and construc- tion of a lock and dam and regulating works. The plane of refer- ence is mean low Gulf level. Keystone lock Miles from New Iberia .. ...........................------------------------------ - 18. Miles from Intracoastal Waterway .. __.-....-.................... 82.5. Width of chamber ..... ---------------------------------- 36 feet. Length available for full width...-.-..................... _ 160 feet. Lift ....................------------------------------------------- 8 feet. Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level-..__-.--... -......... . ___.... Do. Character of foundation- . . ----------.... . . . .. Timber piles. Kind of dam -.. ------------------------...------. Timber, rock-fill. Type of construction--..---..... ........ ........................-------------------------- Concrete. Year completed......-------------.....................--------------------.......................... 1913. Cost ..... ..... ...... .................. . .......................... .. $257,720. 486 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The raising of the pool level by 1.5 feet above Keystone Dam by the installation of movable crest gates on the dam is provided for in the flood-control project for Bayou Teche and Vermilion River, La. Under the project "Flood control, Mississippi River and tribu- taries," East and West Calumet floodgates, with a width of 60 feet and sill elevation of -9.02 feet, mean low Gulf level, were con- structed in Bayou Teche at the east and west approaches to Wax Lake Outlet during the period February 21, 1949, and September 22, 1950, and a lock was constructed in the lower Atchafalaya River in the vicnity of Berwick, La., during the period November 16, 1948, and September 7, 1951. Berwick lock Miles north of Berwick, La ..-......... 1.7. Miles below mouth of Bayou Teche.................. 9.0. W idth of chamber...... ... ... ..... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 45 feet. ..-------------- Length available for full width.............------------........ 300 feet. Lift ..... feet. 0-------0-14.5 0----------------.----- Depth on miter sill at mean low Gulf level 9.0. Character of foundation - -..... -..... .... Timber piles. Kind of dam -...................... . .. None. Type of construction -....-..-.. . . . . . . . . . . Reinforced concrete. Open to navigation -............. November 1950. Completed --.. September 1951. .. ... . . .. . .. . . . .. . . .. Cost------------........-$.... $2,100,000. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide is about 10 inches at the mouth, 4 inches just below the lock, and zero above the lock, the extreme range of tide being about 12 inches, 6 inches, and zero, respectively. The variation of the water surface above Keystone lock due to freshets is from 2 to 7 feet, while just below the lock it has been as high as 12 or 15 feet and near the mouth about 4 or 5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1953) is $1,064,- 000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance from mouth to Arnaudville is $12,000, plus $21,000 for operating and care of the lock and dam. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Improvement of the stream from its mouth to St. Annual Report, 1889, p. 1532. Martinville by removing obstructions and dredg- ing. Mar. 2,1907 Construction of lock and dam and the extension of H. Doc. 527, 59th Cong., 1st sess. the improvement to Arnaudville, La. Mar. 2, 1919 Increase of channel dimensions from mouth to Key- H. Doc. 1329, 62d Cong., 3d sess. stone lock. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of lock and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. For latest published map, see H. Doc. 288, 66th Cong., 1st sess. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 487 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Small, privately owned wharves are avail- able at all the towns along the bayou; public landing is permitted without charge. There are privately owned terminals for trans- ferring crude oil to barges near the towns of Charenton, Jeanerette, Olivier, and St. Martinville. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Design drawings and specifications were completed by the Lower Mississippi Valley Division office and hired labor made a condition survey for main- tenance dredging and accomplished noncooperative stream gaging. Keystone lock was operated throughout the fiscal year, and the lock, dam, structure, and grounds were maintained, as necessary. The total costs were $21,722, of which $7,689 was for mainte- nance and $14,032 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 67 percent complete. Keystone lock and dam were completed in 1913. The dredging and snagging done in 1916 completed that part of the existing project for the 6- by 50-foot channel from Arnaudville to Keystone lock. The contract dredging done in 1918-20 completed that part of the previous project for a 6- by 50-foot channel from Keystone lock to mile 39.7 above the mouth. The 8- by 80-foot channel from New Iberia to the mouth is 98 percent complete. From the mouth to mile 5.8 a channel 8 by 80 feet, or greater, already existed, and a new channel has been excavated, 8 by 80 feet from this point to mile 50.06, about 3.65 miles below New Iberia, and 8 by 60 feet from this point to New Iberia. The work required to complete the existing project is the widen- ing of channel to a bottom width of 80 feet from mile 50.06 to New Iberia, and to a bottom width of 60 feet from New Iberia to Key- stone lock. Keystone lock is in good condition. Plans and specifications for a new concrete cap on the existing dam at Keystone lock to raise the existing structure have been completed. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf (October 1953), were: From mile 0 to mile 8, 6 feet; to mile 20, 7 feet; to Charenton Drainage Canal (mile 29.5), 7.8 feet; to west side "Y" Charenton Drainage Canal, 2.8 feet; to mile 33, 12.7 feet; to New Iberia (mile 54.5), 6 feet; to Keystone lock (mile 72), 5 feet; to mile 87.5, 7 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $1,396,922, of which $708,625 was for new work, $346,- 493 for maintenance, and $355,836 for operating and care. In addition, the sum of $91,389 was expended between July 1, 1913, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of im- provement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appro- priation for such purposes. 488 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated........ ------------------------------------------------------------ $754, 330 --... ----------- --------------------------- Cost-----------------.............. 754, 330 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $22, 000 $35, 880 $19, 000 $18,953 $22, 000 803, 051 Cost----------------- 18, 645 24, 992 25, 078 21, 319 21, 722 793, 719 i Includes $45,704 for new work for previous project; operating and care work includes $91,389 permanent indefinite appropriation. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project.............. ...................------...............----------... $355, 375 9. MERMENTAU RIVER, BAYOU NEZPIQUE, AND BAYOU DES CANNES, LA. Location. Mermentau River is formed by the junction of Bayous des Cannes and Nezpique, 2.25 miles above Mermentau, La., flows in a' southwesterly direction, and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. Bayou Nezpique rises in Evangeline Parish, flows in a southerly direction, and empties into the Mermentau River. Bayou des Cannes rises in Evangeline Parish, flows in a south- southwesterly direction, and empties into the Mermentau River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116 and 1278, and U. S. Geological Survey maps, Evangeline, Hathaway, Mer- mentau, Jennings, Lake Arthur, Gueydan, Thornwell, Latania Lake, Catfish Lake, Grand Cheniere, and Bayou Lebauve quad- rangles.) Existing project. The projectprovides for the removal of ob- structions to navigation to secure the natural channel throughout the entire Mermentau River, a distance of 71.5 miles, and through Bayou Nezpique from its mouth to 25 miles above, and Bayou des Cannes from its mouth to Evangeline Bridge (mile 8.5); for im- proving the channel in Lower Mud Lake by constructing a brush dam to concentrate the action of the current and by dredging; and for removing a portion of the wrecked dam 7 miles above the mouth; and for dredging a channel 9 feet deep over a bottom width of 100 feet from the Intracoastal Waterway to the junction of Bayous Nezpique and des Cannes. That part of the project below Grand Lake, mile 25, has been superseded by the flood control project "Mermentau River, La." Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide on the Mer- mentau River near the mouth is 10 inches and near the head about 3 inches, the extreme range being 14 inches and about 5 inches, respectively. The variation of the water surface near the mouth may be as much as 7 or 8 feet, due to hurricanes on the Gulf, and near the head from 8 to 12 feet, due to freshets. On Bayou Nez- pique, under ordinary conditions, the range of tide is about 3 inches at the mouth and nothing at the head. On Bayou des Cannes, under ordinary conditions, the range of tide is about 3 inches at the mouth and nothing at the head. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 489 The cost of new work for the project, completed in fiscal year 1935, was $57,555, including $29,974 from public works funds. The latest (1950) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized . Documents July 13,1892 General project------------- ------------------ Annual Report, 1891, p. 1862. July 27,1916 Removal of portion of wrecked dam near mouth of H. Doc. 1232, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Mermentau River. Mar. 2,1919 Improvement of Bayou des Cannes.................. H. Doc. 1398, 65th Cong., 3d sess. Aug. 30, 19351 Channel in Mermentau River 9 feet deep plus 1 foot Rivers and Harbors Committee overdepth from Intracoastal Waterway to the Doc. 36, 72d Cong., 1st sess. source at confluence of Bayous Nezpique and des (Contains latest published map.) Cannes. 'Included in the Public Works Administration program Mar. 28, 1934. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several small, privately owned wharves at Grand Cheniere and a public terminal at the town of Lake Arthur. At Mermentau, La., the Southern Pacific Railroad owns a wharf served by a spur track. Privately owned terminals for transferring crude oil to barges are at the following locations: One on Lake Arthur near the town of Lake Arthur; 1 on the Mer- mentau River near the town of Mermentau; 2 on Bayou Nezpique near Jennings; and 4 on Bayou des Cannes, 1 near Evangeline, 1 at Mermentau, and 2 near Jennings. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications for maintenance dredging was accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $9. Cost for collection and compilation of commercial statistics and processing of permits for the project was $1,036. Channel improvement of Mermentau River to remove a point just below the Southern Pacific Railroad bridge, was commenced under contract on April 27, 1954, and at the end of the fiscal year 20,699 cubic yards had been removed by dragline over a distance of 708 linear feet; however, a considerable amount of this material has to be rehandled to comply with requirements for spoil disposal and some sections of the channel will require additional dredging. The costs incurred for this work amounted to $7,082. The total costs were $8,127 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, except for the 9- by 100-foot channel, was completed in 1917. The 9- by 100- foot channel was completed in 1935. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were (June 1954) Mermentau River: Over bar, 4 feet; to mile 0, 10 feet; through cut in Lower Mud Lake to Upper Mud Lake, 7 feet; to Catfish Point, 6 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Grand Lake, 2.5 feet; (April 1953) dimensions exceeding those of the project obtain through the rest of the waterway to the head of navigation at mile 71.5; Bayou Nezpique: Mile 0 to Mile 9.5, 17 feet; Bayou des Cannes: Mile 0 to mile 5, 12.5 feet. The total costs (regular funds) under the existing project to the 490 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 end of the fiscal year were $112,358, of which $27,580 was for new work and $84,778 for maintenance. In addition, $29,974 was ex- pended for public works funds for new work. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated -. -$57, . 555 --------------------- Cost.. __ ' --- -- - -- ---- - - - - -57, 555 Maintenance: Appropriated _ $1, 500 $35, 886 -$20, 000 91, 663 Cost .......... . 1,507 .874 8, 127 84, 778 1 Includes $29,974 from public works funds, new work. 10. CALCASIEU RIVER AND PASS, LA. Location. Calcasieu River has its source in southwestern Louisiana, and flows in a general southerly direction to the Gulf of Mexico. About 25 miles from the Gulf it debouches into Cal- casieu Lake, which lake is about 18 miles long. The connection be- tween the lake and the Gulf, about 7 miles long, is known as Calcasieu Pass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 591 and 592; U. S. Geological Survey maps, Edna, Thompson Bluff, Hecker, Moss Bluff, Lake Charles, West Lake, Moss Lake, Hack- berry, Sweet Lake, Brown's Lake, Holly Beach, Grand Bayou and Cameron quadrangles; and Corps of Engineers navigation maps of Intracoastal Waterway and Atchafalaya River system.) Previous projects. The original project for this improvement was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872. Ap- propriations were made by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 2, 1882, July 5, 1884, and August 11, 1888. The proj- ect was modified by the River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890, July 13, 1892, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see Annual Report for 1936, page 719, and Annual Report for 1938, page 819. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 250 feet wide (49.5 miles long) from the wharves of the Lake Charles Harbor and Terminal District by way of Calcasieu River including Clooney Island Loop, to the head of Choupique cutoff; thence by a land-and-water cut along the west shore of Calcasieu lake; thence to and through Calcasieu Pass by a designated route to the Gulf of Mexico, subject to such change in alignment as is approved by the Chief of Engineers; the reconstruction and exten- sion of the existing jetties initially to the seaward end of the east jetty, and further extension to the 15-foot depth contour if found advisable to reduce maintenance dredging costs; dredging a channel 35 to 37 feet deep and 250 feet wide between jetties, and an ap- proach channel 37 feet deep and 400 feet wide from the sea end of the jetties to a depth of 37 feet in the Gulf of Mexico; also for the improvement of the river from Lake Charles to Phillips Bluff (52.6 miles) by removing logs, snags, overhanging trees, and by dredg- ing. Total length of improvement is 102.1 miles. Under ordinary RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 491 conditions, the mean range of tide is 10 inches at the mouth, dimin- ishing to zero at Phillips Bluff, the extreme range being 14 inches and zero, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work, including $5,783,400 for the extension of the jetties to the 15-foot depth contour (revised in 1954), is $13,646,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for cost of maintenance is $278,000 annually. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Modification of original project of 1872, dated May 12, H. Ex. Doc. 46, 46th Cong. 3d 1881, provided for general improvement of the river sess.; and Annual Report 1881, from Phillips Bluff to the mouth by removing logs, p. 1301. snags, and overhanging trees, and by dredging. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel 30 feet deep and 250 feet wide from the Lake H. Doc. 299, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Charles docks to the Gulf of Mexico. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 30 feet deep and 250 feet wide around Cloo- H. Doc. 465, 77th Cong., 1st sess. ney Island. July 24,1946 Channel depth of 35 feet from the wharves of the Lake S. Doc. 190, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Charles Harbor and Terminal District, including (Contains latest published map.) Clooney Island Loop, to the jetty channel, a uni- formly increasing depth of 35 to 37 feet in the jetty channel, and a depth of 37 feet in the approach channel in the Gulf of Mexico. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Under date of January 5, 1922, a permit was granted by the As- sistant Secretary of War to the police jury of Calcasieu Parish to enlarge this river where necessary between Lake Charles and the eastern end of the Calcasieu-Sabine section of the Intracoastal Wa- terway to a depth of 30 feet over a bottom width of 125 feet. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities at the Port of Lake Charles are owned by the Lake Charles Harbor and Terminal Dis- trict and operated by a board of commissioners. In addition to the municipally owned terminals, there are several privately pwned and operated wharf structures located on the existing ship channel. (For further details, see Port Series No. 21, "The Port of Lake Charles, La.," revised 1947.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces carried on the following new work activities during the fiscal year: Acquisition of rights-of-way for spoil disposal areas, engineering, surveys and mapping, and gages and observations, at a cost of $11,824. Work on the lump sum contract for the construction of ferry approaches, State Highway No. 104 ferry over Calcasieu Pass, en- tered into with the State of Louisiana, Department of Highways, in the previous fiscal year was started on September 21, 1953, and at the end of the fiscal year was 70 percent complete, with costs of $42,917 for new work. Hired labor carried on condition surveys, channel patrol, and acquisition of rights-of-way, with costs of $19,518 for maintenance. The U. S. dredge Langfitt removed 503,427 cubic yards during the period October 17 to 27 and December 8 to 18, 1953, in dredg- ing shoals from the approach channel and bar of Calcasieu River and Pass, at a cost of $78,090 for maintenance. Funds in the amount of $500 were transferred to the U.S. 492 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Geological Survey as the project's pro-rata share of costs for opera- tion of the cooperative stream-gaging program. Costs for collection and compilation of commercial statistics and processing of permits for the project were $8,270. Approximately 8,377,832 cubic yards were removed from Cal- casieu River during the period August 1953 to April 1954 in re- storing project depth between miles 5 and 27 and 32.9 and 33.3, at a cost of $649,297 for maintenance, with 4,953,088 cubic yards having been removed by the contract dredge Mansfield and 3,427,- 744 cubic yards by the contract dredge C. B. Harris. Total costs for the fiscal year were $810,415, of which $54,740 was for new work and $755,675 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as modified is 94 percent complete, exclusive of extending the jetties seaward to the 15-foot depth contour, if and when found necessary. Dredging under the existing project, prior to the modifications adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and July 24, 1946, was completed in 1941, and the 30- by 250-foot ship chan- nel was formally opened to deep-draft traffic on July 12, 1941. Work on the modified project of deepening the 250-foot channel to 35 feet from Lake Charles to the 37-foot depth contour in the Gulf of Mexico was initiated on September 7, 1948, and completed on April 25, 1953. This work was accomplished as follows: 85- by 250-foot channel from Lake Charles Harbor downstream: Commenced Completed To Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, mile 12.8, Sept. 7, 1948 Feb. 2, 1949 dredge Texas. From Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, mile 12.8 Sept. 5, 1949 Apr. 6, 1950 to mile 24.1, dredge Duplex. From mile 24.1 to mile 30.4, and dredging in Feb. 10, 1949 May 11, 1949 the 6- by 20-foot connecting channel, dredge Texas and two draglines. From mile 30.4 to mile 32, dredge Mobile.............. July 26, 1950 Aug. 6, 1950 A survey showed that project depths obtained Oct. 15, 1950 Apr. 25, 1953 between miles 32 below Lake Charles and the approach channel, a distance of approxi- mately 5 miles. Deepening existing approach channel to -37 feet, mean low Gulf, from inside jetties to the 37-foot depth contour in the Gulf of Mexico, a distance of about 11 miles, U.S. dredge Langfitt. A turning basin or ship anchorage for vessels using the water- way was constructed during the period April 26 and June 1, 1952, between St. John's Island and vicinity of Cameron, La., a distance of approximately 1.1 miles. The Calcasieu Pass jetties, initiated under the previous project and completed in May 1942, extend to the 10-foot depth contour and are in good condition. The east jetty, approximately 8,620 feet long, has been built to approximately 6 feet above mean low Gulf, and extends seaward from the existing Gulf shoreline a distance of RIVERS AND HARBORS--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 493 6,820 feet. The west jetty, 8,050 feet long, has been built to ap- proximately 4 feet above mean low Gulf and extends seaward from the existing Gulf shoreline a distance of 6,795 feet. The jetty structure is considered complete unless at a later date it is found necessary to extend the jetties seaward to the 15-foot depth contour, as provided for in the project. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completing construction of approaches to ferry crossing Calcasieu Pass, now in progress; improving navigation conditions in the wa- terway by means of channel rectification between approximate miles 25.5 and 28.7, and extending the jetties seaward to the 15- foot depth contour, if and when found necessary. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: (December 1953) bar channel, 37 feet; (June 1952) end of jetties to mile 5, 35 feet; (April 1954) to mile 33.3, 35 feet; to mile 54, 15 feet; to mile 58, 12 feet; to mile 64, 9 feet; to mile 66.0 (Hecker), 12 feet; to mile 71.4, 4 feet (non-navigable above this point, due to snags and trees). The total costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $9,280,612, of which $7,372,033 was for new work and $1,- 908,580 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Cost..---- ------ 867,148 466, 933 216, 452 $561, 620 . $54, 740 7, 867, 946 Maintenance: Appropriated........ 77, 000 2, 360- ..--... . 400, 000 356,000 2,103, 756 Cost_........_.._.. 1,405 7, 955 -.-......-.-.. -.... -.. 755, 675 2, 103, 430 1Includes $495,914 for new work and $194,851 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------------........... ---............ $662 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------...............--..........--......--................ 6662 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-......-......--.... .. ........... 5,802, 305 .................................. 11. REMOVING THE WATER HYACINTH (LOUISIANA) Location. Lakes and streams tributary to the Gulf coast. Existing project. This project provides for the removal of plants from the navigable waters of the States of Florida, Ala- bama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, so far as they are or may become an obstruction to navigation, by any mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever; for the construction and operation of boats equipped with suitable machinery for such removal; and for the construction and operation of booms to prevent the drifting of plants from one stream to another. The latest (1950) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $500,000. 494 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 Made appropriations for the States of Florida and H. Doe. 91, 55th Cong., 3d sess. Louisiana and provided for the extermination or removal of plants, the building of boats, and the establishment of booms. June 13, 1902 Authorized the use of mechanical, chemical, or other means whatsoever. Mar. 3,1905 Made the appropriation available for the State of Texas. Mar. 3,1905 (In making appropriations for Florida, provided that. Mar. 2,1907 l no chemical process injurious to cattle shall be used July 25,1912 Made the appropriation available for the State of Mississippi and also made available for use in that State the operating plant pertaining to the work in Louisiana. July 27,1916 Made the appropriation available for the State of Alabama. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities of the various streams from which hyacinths were removed are described in the report for the improvement of these streams. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A well balanced com- bination of mechanical and chemical methods of destruction was undertaken to take the maximum advantage of funds available. Economics in effect resulted in curtailed operations and limited the work to only those main waterways over which the major portion of navigation moves. Preventive maintenance work in secondary streams and feeder areas was sharply curtailed with a resultant increase in vegetation in these areas. Some momen- tary inconvenience was caused at times when this vegetation dis- gorged into the main streams after a heavy squall. Feeder areas previously freed of the hyacinth and placed on a patrol mainte- nance basis have now become heavily infested with alligator weed which has not proved susceptible to chemical treatment. A total of 39,527,834 square yards of vegetation was destroyed by chemicals and 8,814,750 square yards by machinery in Bayou Black, Lake Cataouatche and feeder streams, streams of the Lake des Allemands ,Basin, the Lake Dauterive area, the Intracoastal Waterway, Bayou Lafourche, streams of the Lake Maurepas Basin, the Bayou Penchant-Bayou Copassaw area, the Plaquemine Waterway, and in Bayous Teche, Misere, and Lacassine. Operations were conducted on a curtailed schedule with the work being confined to the main navigational channels on a re- curring basis. Some handicap to navigation resulted. No perma- nent results can be expected on this basis as work must be accomplished in feeder areas and secondary streams if complete reinfestation of the main channels is to be avoided. Operations were conducted only in areas where severe hardship would have resulted if the work had not been undertaken. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $222,248 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. From 1900 to 1902 a boat with suitable machinery for destroying the hyacinth by crushing was operated. From that time until 1937 hyacinths were destroyed RIVERS AND HARBORS-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 495 through the use of a solution of arsenic and caustic soda which was sprayed on the vegetation, removal by hand crews and con- trolled in their movements by means of booms and barricades. The use of arsenic has been discontinued and hand removal has been supplanted by use of mechanical equipment in conjunction with the chemical spray (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). Pres- ent methods of control are by means of mechanical rotary saw type destroyers, chemical treatment, and the use of booms and barricades. Excellent results are being obtained on water hya- cinths by these methods. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,982,078 for maintenance including $15,762 covering cost of deferred items. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ. ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... $300, 000 $254, 560 $201, 700 $218, 395 $220, 000 $3, 982, 147 Cost ....-------------- 356, 567 269, 880 203, 629 197, 040 222, 248 1 3, 982, 078 1 Increased by $15,762 to cover cost of deferred items. 12. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance ,.~ 1. Overton-Red River Waterway, La........... 1952 189, 763 .. . $84, 810, 237 2. Sulphur River, Ark., and Tex__----------- 1919 45, 989 .. . .. .. .. (1) 3. Cypress Bayou and Waterway between Jef- 1953 202,817 2 341, 589 (1) ferson, Tex., and Shreveport, La. 4. Bayou Dorcheat, Loggy Bayou and Lake 1887 5,000 (1) Bisteneau, La."'5 5. Cane River, La....--------------------------- 1910 2, 500 2, 000 (1) 6. Bayou Bonfouca, La __--. ---...-- 1953 6 30, 997 22, 953 (1) 7. Bayou Lacombe, La_- - - - 1950 4, 716 1,394 (1) 8. Chefuncte River and Bogue Falia, La ....... 1953 724, 563 49, 473 (1) 9. Tangipahoa River, La ..................... 1950 11, 500 15, 203 (1) 10. Pass Manchac, La---_---------------------- 1953 1, 374 10, 039 (1) 11. Tickfaw, Natalbany, Ponchatoula, and 1950 8, 115 32, 416 (1) Blood Rivers, La. 12. Amite River and Bayou Manchac, La....... 1950 728, 234 7 63, 534 (1) 13. Bayou Grosse Tete, La--------------------- 4 1950 29, 392 67, 781 205, 608 14. Big Pigeon and Little Pigeon Bayous, La. ' 1936 37, 669 (1) 15. Bayous LaLoutre, St. Malo and Yscloskey, 1953 43, 620 56, 229 60, 380 La. 16. Bayou Dupre, La------------------------- 1950 38, 915 26, 890 (1) 17. Grand Bayou Pass, La_------------------ 1950 7, 676 14, 480 (1) 18. Barataria Bay, La.---------------------- 1950 73, 037 47, 551 (1) 19. Bayou Terrebonne, La._ 1950 7120, 089 231, 694 (1) 20. Little Caillou Bayou, La_---------. --.-- 1952 77, 761 240, 448 (1) 21. Waterway from Intracoastal Waterway to 1950 51, 280 1, 543 (1) Bayou Dulac, La. (Bayous Grand Caillou and LeCarpe, La.) " 22. Atchafalaya River, Morgan City to the Gulf 1953 501, 963 285, 390 (1) of Mexico, La. 23. Petit Anse, Tigre, and Carlin Bayous, La. 1953 298, 314 8 157, 916 (1) 24. Bayou Vermilion, La ..------------- ----- 1947 34, 00 200, 169 (1) 496 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 12. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS---Continued For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 25. Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, 1948 904 10, 10, 742 (') La. 26. Bayou Plaquemine Brule, La................ 1950 32, 760 36, 780 (1) 27. Bayou Queque de Tortue, La................ 1950 33, 355 4, 776 (1) 28. Lake Charles Deep Water Channel, La...... 1950- ............. 241, 896 (10) 29. Vinton Waterway, La.... -------------------- 1950 56,000(11) .--------------------------- 30. Removing snags and other floating and sunk- (12) en obstructions in the Atchafalaya and Old Rivers from the junction with the Mississippi and Red Rivers down the Atchafalaya as far as Melville, La., and from the Mississippi River within the limits of the New Orleans district. 31. Channel improvement under authority of 1952 .............. 68, 508 ........... section 3 of the River and Harbor Act ap- proved Mar. 2, 1945. 1 Completed. 2 In addition, $50,000 was expended from contributed funds. ONo commerce reported. Channel adequate for existing commerce. 0 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 1692, 64th Cong., 2d sess. and H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 0 In addition, $5,500 was expended from contributed funds. 7Includes previous project costs. 8 Cost this fiscal year covers sale of stock other than revolving fund. 9 This project has not been completed as it has been incorporated in the flood control, general, project, "Mermentau River, La." 10This is a maintenance project and no future work is scheduled. 11Due to decline of traffic, local interests are no longer sufficiently interested to provide rights-of-way and dumping privileges. 12No work has been performed in the New Orleans district under this title. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to1950' New work: Appropriated........--......... --$10,176 ............--------------------------........................ $298, 314 Cost...---------- . $30, 145 ............ .............................. 298,314 Maintenance: Appropriated.. -...... -13, 500 3, 470 -$1, 628 $115, 524 -$4, 770 157, 916 Cost................. 1,526 1,842 .......... 110, 722 32 157, 916 1Includes $47,858 public works funds, new work. 13. RED RIVER BELOW DENISON DAM, NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT Location. The work covered by this project is located on the Red River and its tributaries below Denison Dam, in Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, approved the general plan for flood control on Red River below Denison Dam, Tex. and Okla., which provides for the con- struction of six flood-control reservoirs in combination with ex- isting or authorized Federal and non-Federal levee improvements, modified as required, and channel stabilization at locations where levee setbacks are impossible or uneconomical. This act further authorized the incorporation of the several separate existing projects for flood control along the Red River below Denison, above the jurisdiction of the Mississippi River Commission, into FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 497 this project. The total estimated cost to the United States (re- vised in 1954) is $89,326,309) of which $74,873,336 is for con- struction in addition to that required for the incorporated projects (H. Doec. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). Following are lists of the reservoirs and local protection works considered in the general flood-control plan for the Red River below Denison Dam, and the existing flood-control projects in- corporated into the project, in the New Orleans district: New projects Drainage Storage, area Flood Estimated Project Stream (square conserva- control st miles) tion (acre-feet) cost Texarkana Reservoir, Tex. 1-...... Sulphur River. _. 3, 400 145,300 2,509, 000 $33, 000, 000 Ferrels Bridge Reservoir, Tex. 1... Cypress Creek... 850 3, 800 587, 200 20, 900, 000 Mooringsport Reservoir, La. and ... do..---------.......... 2, 740 150, 000 660, 000 11, 200, 000 Tex. 2 Bayou Pierre in vicinity of Shreve . ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------- 243,336 port, La. 3 ------------. ------------ ------------ Red River levees and bank stabili- ------- ---.............. ..... 9,530, 000 zation below Denison Dam, Tex., Ark., and La. 1 Total.......-------------- ------------------------ ------- ------------ 74,873,336 1 Details presented in individual report. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1952. a For last full report, see Annual Report for 1951. Actual cost. Incorporated projects For last full Project Type of work Flood Con- Estimated report, see trol Act cost Annual Re- port for- Hempstead County Levee District Levee enlargement----..... . 1938 1$88, 006 1941 No. 1, Ark. Red River Parish, La__ do...........--------...---..------- 1936 1 149,435 1939 Natchitoches Parish, La-----------........ .. Levee and appurtenances_.- 1936 1, 580, 000 (2) Grant Parish, below Colfax, La-..... Levees ........-------------- 1938 1 38,809 1941 Aloha-Rigolette area, Grant and Levee and appurtenances_ - 1941 1,653,800 (2) Rapides Parishes, La. Pineville, Red River, La----............-- ...-----do--------.------------ 1941 1232, 426 1953 Colfax, Grant Parish, La----------............ Cut-off-------------------...................... 1938 1 3 70,348 1938 Saline Point, La--....---... ..... ------- do....-------------------- 1936 1 124,111 1945 Red River in vicinity of Shreveport, Bank protection-----------......... 1944 1 3,908,000 1953 La. Black Bayou Reservoir, La. 4........ Flood control reservoir-...... 1936 714, 000 1945 Bayou Bodcau Reservoir, La.....-------- do-__------------. 1938 4,076, 000 (2) Bayou Bodcau, Red Chute, and Channel improvement-...... 1941 1 306, 509 1948 Loggy Bayou, La. Wallace Lake Reservoir, La-......... Flood control reservoir...... 1936 1,212,000 (2) Bayou Pierre, La.................. Channel enlargement....... 1936 1 299, 529 (2) 1 Actual cost. 2 Included in this report. a Completed under provisions of section 7 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15. 1928, as amended by sec. 9 of the Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, and included in 1939 Annual Report of the President, Mississippi River Commission, page 2214. 4 Work not started. Local cooperation. See individual reports. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces made studies to determine the economic justification of Millwood Reservoir, Ark., on a current basis, involving routing of historic floods and determination of benefits below Fulton, Ark., in the 498 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 New Orleans district, CE. These studies were made for the Tulsa, Okla. district, CE, at a cost of $2,971. For projects in the New Orleans district, CE, see individual reports. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-- - ------------------------------------------------- $3, 000 $3, 000 Cost ------------ -------- ---- 2, 971 2, 971 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 $................ .... $29 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, .....-- ...... ------ ... ----.....---- 29 ...............----------........ 1955........------.......-- 14. TEXARKANA RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The work covered by this project is on the Sulphur River in Cass and Bowie Counties, Tex. The dam site is 45 miles above the mouth of Sulphur River, and approximately 8 miles southwest of Texarkana, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earth-fill dam 18,500 feet long and 100 feet high, including a spillway 200 feet wide and outlet works with a capacity of 27,600 cubic feet per second. The reservoir will control the runoff from 3,400 square miles of drainage area, and will have a storage capacity of 2,654,300 acre-feet, of which 145,300 acre- feet are for conservation and the remainder for flood control. The estimate of cost (approved in 1953) is $33,000,000, of which $28,894,800 is for construction and $4,105,200 is for lands and damages. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions; malaria, hydraulic, and engineering studies; gages and observations of discharge sediment; establishment of sediment ranges; printing of regulations and maintenance manuals; main- tenance of slopes of terrace and floodplain section on completed contracts, and maintenance during construction, were carried on by hired labor with costs of $69,074. Costs of $31,613 for flood fighting operations in the New Orleans district charged to the project in the previous fiscal year were credited to the project and the sum of $5,757,000 deposited in Federal court in connection with condemnation proceedings against the St. Louis Southwestern Railway has been returned and credited to the project, as well as $85, representing refund of salvage value of property removed by former owner. Costs for land acquisition amounted to $529,832, and for leas- ing land to private parties, $1,456. Charges for real estate activities in connection with relocations of utilities and cemeteries amounted to $59,407. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 499 The amounts of $805 and $900 were transferred to the United States Weather Bureau and U. S. Geological Survey, respectively, for the project's pro-rata share of the cooperative hydroclimatic network and the cooperative stream-gaging program. Total hired labor costs were minus $5,127,224. Construction of the spillway, outlet structures, and closure section, in progress under a continuing contract at the beginning of the fiscal year, was completed May 8, 1954. Under a continuing contract for clearing approximately 15,838 acres in the reservoir area, clearing operations continued except during the months of February, March, and April when only minor work could be accomplished due to high water stages in the areas to be cleared. At the end of the fiscal year the contract was 44 percent complete. Relocation of seven cemeteries in the reservoir area was ac- complished by contract during the period November 2, 1953, to March 31, 1954. Work was initiated on the relocation of the St. Louis-South- western Railway during the fiscal year. A reimbursable agree- ment was entered into with the Railway Company covering the relocation which provides for construction of timber trestles, ballast and track work, and relocation of Western Union telegraph and signal lines by the owner and for the remainder of the work to be accomplished by the government. Three continuing con- tracts have been awarded for the remainder of the work, two of which were for construction of the embankment sections and cul- verts, and one for the construction of 8 steel bridges required for the relocation. Construction by the owner was initiated February 4, 1954, when work in connection with relocation of signal and telegraph poles was commenced; however, work under this agreement con- sisted mostly of procuring and stockpiling material. Construction of the embankment sections was initiated April 5, 1954, and is approximately 3 percent complete. Construction of the steel bridges was initiated June 21, 1954. The status of other relocations under reimbursable contract, in progress at the end of the fiscal year, was as follows: Alteration of Texas State Highway No. 8, initiated September 9, 1953, 36 percent complete. Alteration of American Telephone and Telegraph lines, initiated in April 1954, 7 percent complete. Relocation, rearrangement, and alteration of power lines in Bowie, Cass, Morris, Red River, and Titus Counties, Texas, initi- ated on September 9, 1953, 20 percent complete. Cost charges on these contracts were: Spillway, outlet structures, and closure section-... -..---------------- $1, 193, 287 Clearing .... -------------------------------- -883, 321 Relocations ..-. 1, 364, 995 Delayed contract costs for construction of floodplain section amounted to $3,241. Total contract costs were $3,444,844. The total costs were minus $1,682,380 for new work. 500 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 58 percent com- plete. Construction work on this project was initiated on August 18, 1948, and to date clearing of the dam site, construction of the terrace, floodplain sections, and spillway, outlet structures, and closure section, relocation of State Highway No. 11, designated as U. S. Highway No. 59, and of County Road, Precinct No. 1, Bowie County, Tex., alteration of telephone facilities, and relocation and alteration of 6.9 miles of transmission lines across Texarkana Reservoir have been accomplished. The work remaining to complete the project, besides that which is under contract and in progress, consists of relocation of U. S. Highway No. 67 and Bowie County roads, construction of access roads, channel improvement, construction of reservation buildings and appurtenances, construction of public-use facilities, and real estate activities. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $19,089,283 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.-. $5, 000, 000 $1, 300, 000 $4, 000, 000 $4, 974, 000 $5, 000,000 $24, 274,000 Cost---------------- 1, 191, 408 3, 276, 037 5,093,347 10, 203,395 -1, 682,380 19, 089,283 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............................. $523, 950 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.......... 3, 300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..... --------------------------------------- 3,823,950 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----....--..--... 5, 426,000 .....................--------......--.......--------.........-----........... 15. FERRELLS BRIDGE RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The work covered by this project is on Cypress Creek in Marion, Harrison, Upshur, Morris, and Camp Counties, Tex., 9 miles west of Jefferson, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam, 10,000 feet long and approxi- mately 80 feet high, and includes a 200-foot spillway with a ca- pacity of 68,200 cubic feet per second. The reservoir will control the runoff from 850 square miles of drainage area, and will have a gross storage capacity of 842,000 acre-feet, including 587,200 acre-feet of flood-control storage, 3,800 acre-feet of conservation storage, and 251,000 acre-feet for municipal and industrial water supply. The reservoir will extend 28 miles upstream. The project will afford substantial flood protection of Cypress Creek Valley from the dam site to confluence with the Red River and, together with the operation of the other reservoirs.proposed in the Red River Basin, will provide flood protection along the main stem of the Red River below Denison Dam. The estimate of cost (revised in 1953) is $18,300,000 for con- struction and $2,600,000 for lands and damages, a total of FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 501 $20,900,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hydraulic studies, field investigations and laboratory tests; design drawings and specifications for dam and structure; and preliminary plans, studies, and specifications for alteration of utilities and highway, were continued by hired labor. Design memoranda are being pre- pared by Lower Mississippi Valley Division office, except memo- randa numbered 4 and 5. Design memorandum No. 4, covering real estate, has been completed by the New Orleans district, CE, and forwarded to the Chief of Engineers for approval. Design memorandum No. 5, relocations, is in preparation, and work on plans and specifications for relocation of Farm-to-Market Road No. 726 has been initiated by the New Orleans district, CE. Hired labor costs were $49,136. Funds in the amount of $1,000 were transferred to the United States Weather Bureau as the project's pro-rata share of costs for operation of the cooperative hydroclimatic network. The total cost of new work was $50,136. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been performed on the project. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $491,049. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 19560 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: ------- Appropriated........ 95, 000 $128, 000 -- $98, 148 $160, 000 -$18, 000 $496, 852 Cost----------------- 98, 327 63, 753 46, 751 86, 062 50, 136 491, 049 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954...... ... Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............ ......$5, 669 750, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----...... .............................................. 755,669 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project.....................................................-- -...---.......-- - 19, 653, 148 16. RED RIVER BELOW DENISON DAM, LEVEES AND BANK STABILIZATION (NEW ORLEANS DISTRICT) Location. The improvements covered by this project are lo- cated along both banks of Red River from the vicinity of Index, Tex., mile 497, to the latitude of Alexandria, La., mile 121 (mile 105, 1946 survey) on the north bank, and to the latitude of Boyce, La., mile 141, on the south bank. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for modi- fication as required of existing or authorized Federal and non- Federal levee improvements for conveyance of peak flows of the design flood with a minimum freeboard of 3 feet, except where a 3-foot superiority for the "South Bank Red River Levee" is presently prescribed; and for extension of the channel stabiliza- 502 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tion program envisaged by the existing project, "Red River in the Vicinity of Shreveport, La.," by construction of bank protection works at locations where levee setbacks are impossible or un- economical, and to prevent the disruption to transportation fa- cilities when threatened by caving banks, all between Denison Dam and the upper limit of the Mississippi River backwater, below which is under the jurisdiction of the Mississippi River Commis- sion. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) The estimate of cost (approved in 1954) is $9,530,000. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to: (1) Provide without cost to the United States the rights-of-way required for the work; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction of the works; and (3) maintain and op- erate the works after completion. Local interests have met the requirements on all work accomplished and have indicated their desire to comply with the requirements as needed. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Hired labor carried on preparation of preliminary plans and specifications, acquisition of local cooperation, hydrological studies, surveys. and engineer- ing and design, at a cost of $25,017, and restored Wincy Bayou levee over a distance of 139 linear feet at a cost of $2.760. Approximately 7,087 linear feet of standard board revetment were constructed on Red River during the fiscal year as follows: Period Linear feet Location accomplished constructed McNeely Bend, La., R-156.8-L 7-21-53 to 12-1-53 .............. 2, 056 Armistead, La., R-243.0-R .....------------- 12-31-53 to 2-14-54 .............. ... 500 Eagle Bend, La., R-300.3-R--........-.. ................. 4-2-54-in progress ... .. 2,954 ...----------...... Lucas Bend, La., R-295.8-R------...... -----.................... 3-11-54-in progress ..---............- 1, 577 The costs for this construction amounted to $480,012. Contracts have been entered into for construction of approxi- mately 2,925 linear feet of standard board revetment at Brownlee Bend, R-314.1-L, for which preliminary costs amounted to $4,156, and approximately 3,930 linear feet at Cash Bend, R-320.5-R; however, construction work under these contracts has not com- menced. The total costs for the fiscal year were $511,944. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, on which construc- tion commenced on February 15, 1948, is 47 percent complete, with approximately 57 miles of the left bank and 100 miles of the right bank levees improved, and 12,937 linear feet of dike and 10,143 linear feet of board revetment constructed. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,495,849, new work. FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 503 Cost and .financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated..-------- $520, 900 $500, 000 , $324, 000 $565, 000 $4,704,505 Cost. - -693, 929 552, 319 $208, 037 28, 700 511, 944 4,495, 849 'Includes $212,105 expended by Tulsa District for cost of Index unit. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.........--------------....... $41, 719 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------.... 450,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------..-----------------------------491, 719 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project.......------------------------------ 4,375,495 17. BAYOU BODCAU RESERVOIR, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin on Bayou Bodcau in Bossier Parish, La., 72 miles above the mouth of Loggy Bayou and 35 miles northeast of Shreveport, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam rising 76 feet above the stream bed with a reservoir providing a flood control storage capacity of 357,000 acre-feet. The outlet works are located in the south abutment, and an uncontrolled spillway is located on the north abutment. The reservoir will control 656 square miles, or 53 per- cent, of the entire drainage area of Bayou Bodcau. The construc- tion of a floodway for the diversion of Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou to improve flood protection was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. This authorization was mod- ified by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, which au- thorized the construction of a reservoir and other flood-control works, in lieu of the construction of a floodway for the diversion of Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou, La., to improve flood pro- tection, and further modified by the War Department Civil Appro- priation Act approved June 28, 1939, which provided that the reservoir and other flood-control works on Bayou Bodcau and Cypress Bayou, La., authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, shall be constructed in accordance with the revised plans and cost estimates in the Office, Chief of Engineers. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1954) is $3,195,773 for construction, and $880,227 for lands and damages, a total of $4,076,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The latest published map is in House Document 378, 74th Con- gress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor con- tinued land acquisition and flood damage studies at a cost of $1,359 for new work, and carried on routine studies, malaria control, gages and observations, stream gaging, and operation and main- 504 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tenance of the reservoir at a cost of $9,931 for maintenance. Funds in the amount of $600 were transferred to the United States Weather Bureau as the project's pro rata share of costs for operation of the cooperative hydrologic network. The total costs were $11,890, of which $1,359 was for new work and $10,531 was for maintenance. Reservoir operations Storage Inflow 1 Outflow 1 (acre-feet) July 1, 1953 .. .........--. .--- 20,120 50 1,430 June 30, 1954 ------------------------------------------------ 210 20 10 July 1, 1953 (maximum)..... ------------------------------------- 20122----..... 1,600 --- 430 May 19, 1954 (maximum)_------------------------------------- 1,600. 1 Cubic feet per second. Number of visitor-days of recreational use-11,600 (fiscal year 1954). Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed on November 21, 1950, except real estate activities which remain to be completed. Construction work was initiated on April 23, 1947, and on December 1, 1948, the main dam and spillway were completed. The outlet structure was constructed during the period April 8, 1948, to December 17, 1949, and on July 14, 1948, Bayou Bodcau was diverted from its natural bed and flowed through the outlet structure for the first time. Relocation and alteration of utilities and roads have been accomplished as follows: Commenced Completed Alteration to pipe line, United Gas Pipe Line Co. Oct. 6, 1947 Jun. 29, 1948 Alteration of parish road and bridges---------.................... Sept. 12, 1949 Aug. 24, 1950 Relocation of State Highway No. 70................... .Oct. 25, 1949 Nov. 21, 1950 Anchoring of seven bridges on State route No. 182 Nov. 16, 1949 Nov. 26, 1949 Alteration to pipe line, Triangle Pipe Line Co.... Nov. 20, 1949 Feb. 15, 1950 The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,124,202, of which $4,075,040 was for new work and $49,162 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated...--------.... $360,000 ..........----------------- -$345, 125 ---- $4,075, 875 Cost......----.......----------.... 781,424 $207, 153 $81, 255 20, 545 $1, 359 4, 075, 040 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 10, 000 9,000 8, 500 11, 000 11, 000 500 49, Cost.------------ ---- 2,382 15, 096 10, 615 10,539 10,531 49,162 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.............-................. $835 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----..........................------------....................... 835 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ................................................. ...... 125 FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 505 18. WALLACE LAKE RESERVOIR, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin on Cypress Bayou, Caddo, and De Soto Parishes,' La., 66 miles above the mouth of Bayou Pierre and about 14 miles south- east of Shreveport, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam 4,940 feet long at the top, in- cluding 644 feet of spillway and outlet works, rising 48 feet above the stream bed, with a reservoir providing for storage of 96,100 acre-feet, including a conservation pool of 7,800 acre-feet. The outlet works and uncontrolled spillway are centered about 1,250 feet north of the south abutment. The reservoir will control 260 square miles, or about 20 percent of the total drainage area of Bayou Pierre, Cypress Bayou, and tributaries combined, and will afford protection against floods for an area of about 90,000 acres of valley below the dam. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1954) is $1,142,- 064 for construction and $69,936 for preparation of land titles, a total of $1,212,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The latest published map is in House Document No. 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, incorporated this project in the new project "Red River below Denison Dam." Local cooperation. Local interests, represented by the Board of Commissioners of Caddo Levee District, have furnished as- surances, agreeing to furnish free of cost to the United States all the land, rights-of-way, easements, and servitudes required for the project. The dam site area, which was acquired in fee, has been conveyed to the United States. Practically 85 percent of the flowage easements in the reservoir area has been acquired by the local agency and conveyed to the United States. Due to inability to clear title to some tracts and unreasonable requests of land- owners as to prices offered for such easements, the local agency, by resolution adopted on November 20, 1951, requested that con- demnation proceedings be filed in its behalf to acquire flowage easements over the remaining portion of the reservoir. Five declarations of taking have been filed covering 73 tracts. It is estimated that local interests will make the additional funds available so that two declarations of taking covering the final 27 tracts may be filed during fiscal year 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces continued processing of rights-of-way at a cost of $5,684 for new work and carried on maintenance of the dam, engineering studies and investigations, stream gaging, and gages and observations at a cost of $4,484 for maintenance. Funds in the amount of $1,493 and $300 were transferred to the United States Weather Bureau and the U. S. Geological Sur- vey, respectively, as the project's pro rata share of costs for opera- 506 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tion of the cooperative hydrologic network and the cooperative stream-gaging programs. The total costs were $11,961, of which $5,684 was for new work and $6,277 for maintenance. Reservoir operations Storage Inflow 1 Outflow 1 (acre-feet) Ju ly 1,1953..._ __-- . . . --.. ... - 7, 440 0 1 ___ --- _ -- - -..... .. ... .. ..--....... ....-- June 30, 1954- .. 7,170 0 0 May 14, 1954 (maximum)-_ 24,030 5, 550 1,510 1Cubic feet per second. Number of visitor-days of recreational use-26,100 (fiscal year 1954). Condition at end of fiscal year. All construction work on the project was completed on December 28, 1946; completion of processing of rights-of-way remains to complete the project. The main portion of the dam was constructed during the fiscal year 1943; the stabilization of the railroad embankment was ac- complished during the period June 19 to November 20, 1946; and placing of fill in the closure section of the dam was accomplished during the period November 24 to December 28, 1946. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,256,443, of which $1,198,161 was for new work and $58,282 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated . $3, 000 $10, 000 $4, 500 $1, 199, 500 Cost$ $495 $781 3,200 8,118 5,684 1,198,161 Maintenance: Appropriated -.... _ 10,000 6,000 6,500 8,000 6,800 59,300 Cost 18,525 9, 291 6, 670 8, 773 6, 277 58, 282 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-.......................... . $1, 339 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------------... .........------------------------- 1,339 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project..................--------------------......... 12, 500 .......----------...........---------... 19. BAYOU PIERRE, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is in Red River Basin below Shreveport, La., along the channel of Bayou Pierre from its mouth at Grand Ecore, La., upstream to its confluence with Bayou Wincy, a distance of 30 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for widen- ing of the channel at intervals, totaling 12.9 miles and snagging of 29.7 miles. The project will reduce flood damage and improve sanitary and living conditions over a wide area. The existing FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 507 project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The cost of constructing the project, completed in 1939, was $299,529. The estimated annual cost of maintenance is $13,500. The latest published map is in House Document No. 378, 74th Cong., 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Surveys, engineering studies, and drafting for clearing and snagging the bayou were completed and flood damage surveys, condition and operation studies, and gages and observations were carried on by hired labor, all at a cost of $7,323. Work under hired labor directive for clearing and snagging Bayou Pierre, mile 29.4 to mile 11.8, commenced in previous fiscal year, was stopped on July 27, 1953, owing to lack of funds when all work required had been completed from upper limit of job to mile 22.95 on east bank and to mile 23.05 on west bank. Work under this directive was resumed on June 6, 1954, and to the end of the year was 88 percent complete with the west bank cleared between miles 22.3 and 18.7 and the east bank between miles 23 and 21.8. Fiscal year costs for this clearing and snagging amounted to $19,392. Total costs were $26,714 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work under the existing project was completed in the fiscal year 1939. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $404,045, of which $299,529 was for new work including $38,529 from Emer- gency Relief funds, and $104,516 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated- ------- $299, 529 Cost -299, 529 Maintenance: Appropriated $15, 000 -$35, 000 $6, 000 $29, 574 $19, 000 111, 574 Cost-_ 5, 731 6, 842 6, 904 18, 559 26, 714 104, 516 1 Includes $38,529 from Emergency Relief funds, new work. 20. NATCHITOCHES PARISH, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is on the south bank of Red River in Natchitoches Parish, La., between miles 160 and 202 above the mouth of Red River. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the raising and enlargement of the existing levee and the construction of new levee between the hills near Grand Ecore, La., at mile 202 above the mouth of Red River, and the hills below Cane River near its mouth at mile 160 above the mouth of Red River; the construction of a dam across Cane River near its mouth; the ex- cavation of drainage canals for intercepted drainage; and a di- version channel from Cane River to Red Bayou, a distance of 508 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 approximately 5.5 miles, for protection of approximately 135,000 acres of land in the Cane Island area from Red River overflow. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 378, 74th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimate of cost (revised in 1954) is $1,580,000 (Federal) and $250,000 (non-Federal), all for construction. The latest published map is in House Document No. 378, 74th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Local interests furnished assurances on January 23, 1952, which were approved by the Division Engineer on April 21, 1952, that they will: (1) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (3) maintain and operate the works after the completion in ac- cordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests contributed $250,000 towards the cost of construction of the Cane River-Red Bayou diversion channel. Difficulty was encountered in furnishing rights-of-way and two tracts were condemned by the United States on behalf of local interests. It is estimated that the condemnation proceedings will be concluded by the Department of Justice on or about July 1, 1955. Operations and results during fiscal year. Flood damage sur- veys, engineering and design, acquisition of rights-of-way, gages and observations, and civil works investigation program were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $39,085. The project's pro-rata share for the Mississippi Basin Model was $29,710. Excavation of Cane River-Red Bayou diversion channel, com- menced under a continuing contract in previous fiscal year, was 94 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, with 3,327,698 cubic yards excavated in constructing 0.73 mile of new channel and effecting 3.88 miles of channel enlargement this fiscal year. A total of 214,343 cubic yards was excavated in completing ap- proximately 11/2 miles of drainage ditch. Costs for this work were $414,643. Contract has been awarded for the construction of 565 linear feet of the Cane River dam and 4,333 linear feet of tie-in levee, but the work has not commenced. Preliminary Government costs on this contract amounted to $1,752. The total Government costs for new work were $485,190. In addition, costs from contributed funds for construction amounted to $250,000. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project commenced in fiscal year 1938 and is now 86 percent complete, with 36.2 miles of levee constructed and enlarged and 5.1 miles of diversion channel excavated. Completion of the Cane River to Red Bayou diversion channel, which channel is practically complete; construction of the Cane River dam and tie-in levee now under contract; ditching for in- tercepted drainage; and erosion control work, remain to complete the project. The total Government costs for new work to the end of the FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 509 fiscal year were $1,354,168. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $250,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated........ --------------- ------------ $360, 000 $348,000 $349,000 $1, 575, 700 Cost................. ----------- ------------------------ 37,623 88, 590 485, 190 1, 354, 168 Other new work data: $189, 460 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954........................... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........------------------------------ ---------- 189,460 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------ $250, 000 ............ $250, 000 ost.....------------------------------------------------- $250, 000 ............ -----............ 250, 000 21. ALOHA-RIGOLETTE AREA, GRANT AND RAPIDES PARISHES, LA. Location. The work covered by this project lies on the left bank of Red River in Grant and Rapides Parishes, between miles 125 and 171 above the mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for pro- tection of some 46,000 acres of alluvial plain in the Aloha-Rigolette area, now subject to overflow by Red River waters, by enlarging and raising the existing levee from mile 151. to mile 141, and extending it to the hills on the left bank of Bayou Rigolette. Interior drainage, intercepted by levee construction, is to be chan- neled to and through Bayou Rigolette to a sump and a floodgate system in the levee at Bayou Rigolette, by construction of a diversion ditch from Bayou Darrow to Saline Bayou, and fills at head of Bayou Darrow, and channel clearing of Bayou Rigolette and portions of Waden and Saline Bayous. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, which modified the project for Grant Parish below Colfax, La., as authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, to provide for construction of the above described works. The estimate of cost (approved in 1954) is $1,652,800 (Federal) for construction and $50,000 (non-Federal) for rights-of-way. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor forces restored approximately 6.29 miles of Red River levees during the period March 29 to June 16, 1954, with costs of $20,365. 510 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 During the period July 8, 1953, to April 2, 1954, Bayou Rigolette floodgate was constructed by contract at a cost of $304,757. Construction of approximately 4,000 linear feet of embankment on Bayou Rigolette, R-124.5-L, by contract, completing the em- bankment to the hills, was accomplished during the period July 15, 1953, to June 30, 1954, with seeding and final dressing remain- ing to be accomplished on approximately 881 linear feet of the embankment. Costs for this embankment construction amounted to $83,323. Total fiscal year costs were $408,445 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is approximately 99 percent complete. Construction commenced on June 3, 1948, and at the end of the fiscal year approximately 18 miles of new levee and 4 miles of riverside enlargement had been constructed. Bayou Darrow has been separated from Bayou Rigolette and its flow diverted into Saline Bayou through the diversion ditch which was excavated during the period June 28 to November 6, 1948. Bridges at miles 0.40, 2.05, and 4.1 over the diversion ditch were completed during the period October 4, 1948, to May 24, 1949, and 33.30 miles of waterway were cleared during the period July 16, 1948, to February 18, 1950. Bayou Darrow closures were effected during the period May 16 to August 22, 1949. Seeding and final dressing of approximately 881 linear feet of embankment remain to complete the project. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,634,437 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated---- -_ $500, 000 ---- $186, 550 $146, 936 $1,652, 800 Cost----------------..... .. 469, 008 $319, 517 $32, 159 4, 676 408, 445 1, 634, 437 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_. $47, 899 ..------------....--- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ........-.. . . ................... ............... . ....... . . 47, 899 22. BAYOU TECHE AND VERMILION RIVER, LA. Location. Bayou Teche has its source in Bayou Courtableau, in St. Landry Parish, and flows in a southeasterly direction a dis- tance of 125 miles to its confluence with the lower Atchafalaya River, about 101/2 miles above Morgan City, La. Vermilion River, also called Bayou Vermilion, is formed by the junction of Bayous Fusilier and Bourbeau, west of Arnaudville, La., and flows in a southwesterly direction to the western end of Vermilion Bay, a distance of 72 miles. Bayou Teche is connected with the Vermilion River by Bayou Fusilier at Arnaudville; and by Ruth Canal, an artificial, privately owned, nonnavigable waterway, constructed for diversion of water from Bayou Teche to Vermilion River for rice irrigation. (U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116 and FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 511 1277; Corps of Engineers, Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps; and U. S. Geological Survey maps.) Existing project. This provides for the excavation of a navi- gable channel (51 miles long) 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the 8-foot depth contour in Vermilion Bay to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, thence 9 feet deep by 100 feet wide from the Gulf In- tracoastal Waterway to Lafayette, La. (fixed bridge at Louisiana State Highway No. 1092), with additional enlargement below Abbeville necessary to provide adequate capacity for flood flows; improvement of Vermilion River from Lafayette, La., mile 52.0, to its junction with the lower end of Ruth Canal, mile 57.2, by both widening and deepening so as to provide a channel of 60-foot bot- tom width at minus 6.0 feet, mean Gulf level, in order to provide adequate capacity for flood discharges from the upper Vermilion River Basin, and also serve irrigation interests by conducting the flow of Ruth Canal to the lower Vermilion River during the rice season. Clearing and enlargement of the channel from Ruth Canal to Bayou Fusilier by both widening and deepening so as to provide a cross-section approximately 50 percent larger than that of the existing channel. This improvement is required in the interest of flood control in the upper Vermilion Basin. Enlargement of the channel of Bayou Teche from its head in Bayou Courtableau to a point approximately 21 miles downstream thereof, by widening and deepening so as to provide a channel of 35-foot bottom width at minus 2 and minus 3, mean Gulf level. Increasing the height of Keystone Dam from its present crest elevation of 8.0 feet, above mean low Gulf, by 3 feet (later revised to 1.5 feet) by the installation of movable crest gates. (See in- dividual report of navigation project for Bayou Teche, La.) In connection with the improvements outlined above, the project provides for replacement of an existing pontoon bridge at Wood- lawn on the navigable portion of Vermilion River with a vertical lift structure. Relative minor work, consisting of lengthening and strengthening of approaches, is required on five existing movable bridges over Vermilion River below Lafayette, La., located at Louisiana State Highway No. 43 at Perry, La.; Southern Pacific Railroad at Abbeville, La.; Louisiana State Highway No. 25 at Abbeville, La.; Milton, La.; and U. S. Highway No. 90 (Pinhook Bridge) just below Lafayette, La. Similar work on existing fixed spans over nonnavigable streams is provided for on eleven bridges over Bayou Vermilion above Lafayette, La., and three over upper Bayou Teche. The estimate of cost for new work (revised in 1954) is $2,912,- .The 000 (Federal) and $150,000 (non-Federal). latest (1952) approved estimate of Federal cost of annual maintenance is $25,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, '1941 (S. Doc. 93, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which also con- tains the latest published map). Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. Final acquisition of the rights-of-way for future maintenance by formal acts of conveyance is in process and local interests have Sig 17-511-542 512 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 completed acquisition of approximately 70 percent of rights-of- way required for maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor com- pleted preliminary plans and specifications for dredging in Ver- milion River at a cost of $35 for new work, and continued super- vision, inspection, and patrol of the waterway, preparation of reports, stream gaging, drafting, engineering and design, gages and observations, and acquisition of rights-of-way, at a cost of $11,767 for maintenance. Channel restoration was accomplished by the contract dredge Moreland II during the period April 23 to May 16, 1954, when six stations were excavated at Onion Bayou Crossing and 95 stations were excavated in Vermilion Bay channel. The cost of this work was $27,496. The total costs were $39,298, of which $35 was for new work and $39,263 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project on which construc- tion commenced on March 20, 1944, is now approximately 99 per- cent complete. Channel improvement on Vermilion River consisted of con- structing an 8- by 80-foot channel from the 8-foot depth contour in Vermilion Bay to the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway; a 9- by 100- foot channel from Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to mile 52 (it was necessary to redredge Vermilion River channel between miles 36.9 and 46.0 during the fiscal year 1953, to reestablish project dimen- sions, due to sedimentation caused by deposits from tributary streams excavated by local interests) ; and a 6- by 60-foot channel from mile 52 to mile 57.4. Channel enlargement was accomplished between miles 3.5 and 17.5 and 57.4 and 76.21. Clearing and snag- ging was accomplished in Bayou Fusilier and Bayou Vermilion be- tween miles 67.7 and 79, and an earth dike was constructed in Bayou Fusilier. The channel of Bayou Teche was improved be- tween miles 103.8 and 124.8. A new bridge was constructed over Vermilion River at Woodlawn, the bridge at Milton was recon- structed; modification of railroad bridge numbered 3.78 and Lou- isiana State Highway bridges numbered 988 over Bayou Vermilion and 245 over Bayou Fusilier has been accomplished; the bridge at Pinhook was altered, and riprap was placed to insure bridge against possible damage by bank caving; and excavation and riprapping was performed in the vicinity of Southern Pacific Railroad bridge, Lafayette, La. Local interests have constructed improvements in Ruth Canal. Work remaining to complete the project consists of raising the crest of Keystone Dam, a feature of the River and Harbor project "Bayou Teche, La.," to provide an increase of 1.5 feet in the pool elevation above Keystone Dam, in order to increase the flow through Ruth Canal into Vermilion River, and miscellaneous minor items. This work will be accomplished in connection with the modification of Keystone Dam under the Bayou Teche, La., project. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, Vermilion River, were: (May 1954) Over the bar, project depth obtained; (November 1953) to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, 5 feet; (April 1953) to Ab- beville, 9 feet; to Woodlawn bridge, 8 feet; and to Pinhook bridge, FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 513 5 feet, except a plug 600 feet long about one mile below the bridge, 3.5 feet. The total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal . year were $3,163,366, of which $2,891,678 was for new work and $271,688 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated----_ -------------- $375, 000 [---------.... ---............... . $2, 892, 000 Cost ----------------.. $209, 172 212, 114 $29, 383 $165, 170 $35 2, 891, 678 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... 25, 000 ......----------- 89, 000 53, 225 39, 600 271, 825 Cost .. ..-----------------19,645 7,663 18,848 . 126,501 39,263 271, 688 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ...................--------------- 322 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ..--.............................................................. 322 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ....... ............. ........................--------------------------------------..... 20,000 23. MERMENTAU RIVER, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is located 35 to 70 miles southeast of Lake Charles, La., along the lower Mermentau River below Grand Lake, mile 25, to the Gulf of Mexico; the Inland Waterway from Vermilion Bay to White Lake, White Lake to Grand Lake, and from Schooner Bayou to the Intracoastal Water- way-Gulf section (Schooner Bayou cutoff); the North Prong of Schooner Bayou; and the waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La., an artificial canal, extending from the 5-foot-depth contour in White Lake, almost due south for a distance of approxi- mately 1.8 miles to Pecan Island. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1277 and 1278, and U. S. Geological Survey maps.) Previous project. Authorized by Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. For further details, see page 1034 of Annual Report for 1946. Existing project. The plan of improvement covers flood con- trol, navigation, irrigation, and salinity control in the coastal marsh of the lower Mermentau River Basin and provides for channel enlargement of the lower Mermentau River below Grand Lake, mile 25, to a minimum section of 3,000 square feet below mean low Gulf level for discharge of flood flows; construction of a sector gated control structure at Catfish Point, mile 24 above mouth of Mermentau River for discharge of flood flows and control of tidal flows and salt-water intrusion in the Mermentau River; channel enlargement and realinement of the Inland Waterway from Ver- milion Bay to White Lake, 12.04 miles, and from White Lake to Grand Lake, 6.14 miles, to a minimum section of 3,000 square feet below mean low Gulf level or interflow between lakes and discharge of flood flows; construction of a sector gated control structure in the enlarged channel immediately north of the abandoned 514 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Schooner Bayou lock reservation for discharge of flood flows and control of tidal flows and salt-water intrusion; channel enlargement "of North Prong of Schooner Bayou and Schooner Bayou cutoff, 6.69 miles, to 6 by 60 feet, mean low Gulf level, for navigation pur- poses; and maintenance of the existing 5- by 40-foot, mean low Gulf level, waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La., 1.8 miles long, for navigation. In addition, the project provides for the incorporation of that section of the project, "Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to Mermentau River," west of Vermilion Bay, a waterway that in- cluded the Schooner Bayou lock. Because of the failure of both east and west gates, Schooner Bayou lock has been closed by a dike across the east approach chan- nel and traffic has been routed through the new control structure. Under ordinary conditions the mean range of tide on the Mer- mentau River near the mouth is 1.6 feet and near the head about 3 inches. The variation of the water surface near the mouth may be as much as 7 or 8 feet, due to hurricanes on the Gulf, and near the head from 8 to 12 feet, due to freshets. The estimate of cost for new work (approved in 1954) is $4,- 637,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $93,600. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18, 1941 Channel enlargement, lower Mermentau River, S. Doc. 94, 77th Cong., 1st sess. from mile 15 to the Gulf of Mexico; and construc- tion of a lock and control spillway at Catfish Point, mile 24. July 24, 1946 2 Channel enlargement; lower Mermentau River below S. Doc. 231, 79th Cong., 2d sess.2 Grand Lake, mile 25; construction of a gated control structure at or near Grand Cheniere, mile 7; channel enlargement and realignment of Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to Mermentau River, La., from Vermillion Bay to White Lake, via new channel, and from White Lake to Grand Lake; channel enlargement of North Prong of Schooner Bayou; construction of a gated control structure in the new channel near Schooner Bayou lock; and inclu- sion of the project "Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La." and the portion of the project "Inland Waterway from Franklin, La., to the Mermentau River," west of Vermillion Bay in the modified project "Mermentau River, La." 1 Flood Control Act. 2 River and Harbor Act. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of re- port on engineering studies and acquisition of rights-of-way were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $1,461 for new work. Work on raising grade and restoring sections of north and south dikes at Catfish Point control structure initiated by hired labor FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 515 during the previous fiscal year was completed July 2 with costs of $6,584 for maintenance. Biological investigations and report of Mermentau River by con- tract consultant were completed at a cost of $876. Maintenance funds in the amount of $805 and $900 were trans- ferred to the United States Weather Bureau and the U. S. Geologi- cal Survey as the project's pro rata share of costs for operation of the cooperative hydroclimatic network and the cooperative stream- gaging program. Patrol of the waterway, gages and salinity observations, biologi- cal investigations, and planning were carried on by hired labor at a cost of $22,936 for maintenance. Schooner Bayou and Catfish Point control structures were oper- ated as required during the fiscal year to conserve fresh water by maintenance of normal lake stages and to prevent uncontrolled tidal inflow during the rice irrigation season; to release promptly flood waters during abnormal stages; and to limit minimum stages in interest of navigation. The cost charges were $22,929 and $32,058, respectively, for the operation of Schooner Bayou and Catfish Point control structures. The total costs were $88,548, of which $1,461 was for new work, $32,100 for maintenance, and $54,987 for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, on which work commenced April 21, 1947, was completed July 10, 1952, except real estate activities, since it has been determined that the remaining authorized work, construction of bulkhead at the mouth of the waterway, "White Lake to Pecan Island, La.," is not required. New work dredging on the existing project was accomplished during the period April 21, 1947, to June 21, 1952. Catfish Point control structure was constructed during the period November 6, 1948, to August 16, 1951. The reservation comprises 9.7 acres. Schooner Bayou lock and control structures: Schooner Bayou lock and dam were completed in 1913 and 1914, respectively, and the lockmaster's house in 1917. The lock was closed to navigation May 7, 1951, and abandoned by authority of the Chief of Engineers on October 9, 1951. Permanent closure of the lock channel and tie-in dikes was completed on September 22, 1951. Construction of the control structure and dikes was accomplished during the period August 8, 1949, to May 22, 1951. The reserva- tion comprises 6.9 acres. The controlling depths, mean low Gulf, were: Mermentau River: (June 1954) Over bar, 4 feet, to mile 0.0, 10 feet; through cut in Lower Mud Lake to Upper Mud Lake, 7 feet; through Upper Mud Lake, 6 feet; to Catfish Point, 10 feet; to Gulf Intracoastal Water- way through Grand Lake, 2.5 feet; Waterway from White Lake to Pecan Island, La.; (May 1953) Over bar to Pecan Island, 5 feet. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,975,827, of which. $4,627,903 was for new work, and $347,924 for operation and maintenance, including $13,163, river and harbor funds. 516 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated........ $1, 500, 000 $800, 000 $707, 000 -$362, 593 - 1,-----. --- $4, 637, 000 Cost . . ........ 1, 456, 504 1, 856, 328 342, 724 29, 167 $1, 461 4, 627, 9031 Maintenance: Appropriated .....-------- 60, 000 38, 000 80, 000 91, 201 62, 600 347, 964 Cost--.___ ..- 34, 589 51, 672 80, 585 78, 856 87, 087 345, 9242 1In addition, $2,000 expended from contributed funds for maintenance. 2 Includes $13,163 of river and harbor funds for maintenance. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--..-.. .--...---...-....--. $1,758 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.....------------------------------------------------ 1,758 24. SNAGGING AND CLEARING UNDER AUTHORITY OF SECTION 2 OF THE FLOOD CONTROL ACT APPROVED AUGUST 28, 1937, AS AMENDED The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended by the Flood Control Acts approved August 11, 1939, August 18, 1941, and July 24, 1946, authorized the allotment of not to exceed $1,000,000 from flood-control appropriations for any one fiscal year for the removal of accumulated snags and other debris, and clearing and straightening the channel in navigable streams and tributaries thereof, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable in the interests of flood control: Provided, That not more than $50,000 shall be expended for this purpose for any single tributary from the appropriations for any one fiscal year. During the fiscal year approximately 651,873 cubic yards were excavated in improving 13.45 miles of channel in Bayou des Cy- prairres, Brush Bayou, and Day Creek. Contract has been awarded for construction of approximately 1.9 miles of channel enlargement and realinement in Natalbany River. No work was accomplished during the fiscal year. The total costs were $104,885 for new work. To date, the following work has been completed under this au- thorization in the New Orleans district: FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 517 Item Improvement (miles) Completion date Cost Barkman Creek, Tex.: Clearing and snagging ----------------- __-----.0.06-5.2 August 1949...... $60,357 Excavation......-------------------------------- 0.05.-8.69 Bayou des Cyprairres, La., channel enlargement, excava- tion ........ .....................----------------------------------------------- 5.4 November 1953-.. 42,498 Bayou Francois, La., clearing and snagging.... ......--------------- 0-8.26 April 1948____.... 13,500 Bayou Galion, La., clearing and snagging ----------------- 10-18.32 September 1947 -- 25,501 Bayou L'Eau Bleu, excavation-......... ________ -____ 3.16-11.5 September 1948 .- - 44,081 Bayou Vincent: Excavation---.------------------------------------ 0.48-1.35 Clearing and snagging __9- --- __ -- --_____ 0. 00-0. 49 December 1947.-- 13,000 Brush Bayou, channel improvement and realinement..... 0-4.35 December 1953_- 48,317 Cane Creek:2.39-3.00 Excavation (122,846 cubic yards) -------------------- 3.90-4.75 Clearing and snagging.... ...------------------------- 4.75-5. 45 August 1950...... Denton Creek___.............. .......... _ ....... 0.00-0.70 37,645 Realinement (25,763 cubic yards)- ----.............. 3.14-3.90 November 1950__. Day Creek, Tex., and Ark., channel improvement and re- alinement ...------------------ ------------------------ 3.7 October 1953-..... 29, 622 Little Cypress River, Tex. 1I.................... ...... . January 1951..... 12,626 Mustang Creek: Excavation .............. ... .... .. .. 26.39-25.60 May 1948........ 25,000 Clearing and snagging_____-...... .... . ... ..... 25.60-19.90 July 1948......... Excavation....-----------------------------------_ 25.60-23.47 November 1952... 17, 033 Natalbany River, La.: 14.95-12.54 Excavation - - .... 12.45-11.93 .----------------------------------- SMarch 1953-...... 49, 480 Clearing and snagging- ___________. ... ._______---- 12.54-12.45 New River: Excavation..........----------------------------- ------ 0.00-2.22 April 1948-........ 31,500 Clearing and snagging..........---------------------------- 5.00-11.50 June 1948.........31, 500 Ponchatoula Creek, clearing and snagging- 3.8-7.09 May 1949___ ...... 10,464 Posten Bayou, La., and Ark.: Clearing and snagging ---------------------- 8.76-12.17 - { 2.20-4. 60 April 1951_.. __ 46,021 Excavation (202,450 cubic yards)- -------- Selsers Creek, La., clearing and snagging......------------------ 0.415 July 1950-,._.... 4,958 Sulphur River, Tex., 3.14 miles---..................... . 185-195 October 1952-..... 46,082 Swan Lake, Ark., clearing, snagging, and channel enlarge- ment-------------------------...................................--......... (2) 2, 200 Wallace Bayou, La., clearing and snagging---.--------. 0.0-3.2 September 1951 .. 11,502 Yellow Water River, La., clearing and snagging----..... 0.0-2. 75 October 1950_..-. 3,136 1 Due to high stages on Little Cypress River, it was necessary to terminate contract covering this work by supplemental agreement on Jan. 18, 1951. s The work on Swan Lake was advertised on Oct. 30, 1947; however, the bids were canceled and this work was accomplished with that done on Red River levees below Denison Dam. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $574,524 for new work. Cost and financial summary |- Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ _ $115, _ 000 $14,305 $122,010 $87,877 -$6, 562 $597,431 Cost. _- 29, 372 94, 058 31, 797 100, 395 104, 885 574, 524 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.............................. $7, 007 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955... .................................................................................. ................. 7,007 518 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 25. SMALL FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS UNDER AUTHORITY OF SECTION 205 OF THE FLOOD CONTROL ACT APPROVED JUNE 30, 1948, AS AMENDED The Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the allot- ment of not to exceed $3,000,000 from flood-control appropriations for any one fiscal year for the construction of small flood-control projects not specifically authorized by Congress, and not within areas intended to be protected by projects so authorized, which come within the provisions of section 1 of the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable; Provided, That not more than $150,000 shall be allotted for this purpose at any single locality from the appropriations for any one fiscal year, and that the work shall be complete in itself and not commit the United States to any addi- tional improvement to insure its successful operation.. During the fiscal year Bayou Choupique was improved by con- tract under this authority. Work commenced on July 11, 1953, and was completed on May 2, 1954, when 405,918 cubic yards had been excavated in constructing-a diversion channel over a distance of approximately 2.6 miles, and 168,363 cubic yards had been ex- cavated in completing channel enlargement over a distance of approximately 2.7 miles. A control structure was constructed near the head of the diversion channel and since completion, repairs to hinges on gates of this structure were accomplished by contract. The costs were $112,229, new work. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year under this authority were $217,109. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953' 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.. ------.. $100, 000 ..------------ $2, 000 $143, 179 -$10, 000 $235, 179 Cost--------------------------.... 7, 073 88, 284 9, 523 112, 229 217, 109 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954..-----------..... -- $18, 070 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............------------------------------------------------- 18, 070 FLOOD CONTROL--NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 519 26. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Hempstead County Levee District No. 1, 1941 $88, 006 ----------- (2) Ark.' 1- - - - - - - - - - - 2. Mooringsport Reservoir, La. ... _ 1951 69, 008 _ _---------- $11,130,992 3. Black Bayou Reservoir, La.'___________... __ 1945 . 714, 000 4. 1 of Shreveport, La.' Red River in the vicinity 1953 3, 908, 000 ....-----.----- (2) 5. Red River Parish, La.' .---.------.---.--- 1939 149, 435 ...-------------- (2) 6. Bayou Bodcau, Red Chute, and Loggy 1948 319, 200 -------------- (2) Bayou, La.' 7. Bayou Pierre in the vicinity of Shreveport, 1951 ' 243, 336 .-------------- (2) La.' 8. Colfax, Grant Parish, La.' s.. 1938 70, 348 -------------- (2) 9. Grant Parish below Colfax, La. _____---- _ 1941 38, 809 ..------------ (2) 10. Pineville, Red River, I. La.'_ .. ________----- 1953 232, 426 ..............---------- (2) 11. Saline Point, La.'----------------------- __ - 1945 124, 111 .............. (2) 12. Emergency bank protection work under 1953 6293,096 ......................------------------ authority of sec. 14 of the Flood Control Act approved Dec. 22, 1944, as amended. I 1Incorporated in the project "Red River below Denison Dam." 2 Completed. 3 Work not started; deferred pending further study. 4 In addition, $89,047 was expended from contributed funds. s Completed under provisions of sec. 7 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended by sec. 9 of the Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, and included in 1939 Annual Report of the President, Mississippi River Commission, page 2214. 6 In addition $115,138 was expended from contributed funds. 27. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of work during the year was $92,335, of which $19,149 was for navigation studies; $8,680 was for flood control studies; $6,489 was for beach erosion co- operative studies; $53,408 was for special studies (Arkansas- White-Red River report) and $4,609 was for collection and study of basic data. The unexpended balance was $20,957 and there were no accounts receivable. The unexpended balance plus an additional sum of $125,000 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1955 as follows: Accounts payable......... .............................. .. $1, 772 Examination and surveys: Navigation studies ..................................................... Flood control studies ..----------- $28, $........ 492 20, 148 Beach erosion cooperative studies-available for revocation 11 Special studies .....................................................- ................. 50, 157 Total examination and surveys......................................... 98,808 Collection and study of basic data........................................................ 45,377 145,957 520 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Collection and study of basic data. The following work accom- plished under collection and study of basic data consisted of non- cooperative stream gaging in areas not properly chargeable to reports or projects, $2,038; storm studies of the unprecedented rainfall of April-May 1953, $1,021; flood emergency studies for use in development of flood fight plans, $760; and flood investiga- tions in areas not properly chargeable to reports or projects, $791. 28. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Inspection of completed flood control structures was made in the Arkansas, Middle Red River, and Shreveport sectors, to de- termine the condition of these structures and the need for future repairs. The costs were $3,075. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated____. .----------- $2, 750 $3, 000 $4, 300 $10, 050 Cost ----------------- --- - 1, 547 $15 2, 662 3, 075 7, 299 29. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood Control Emergencies---Repair and Flood Fighting and Rescue Work. (Section 208 of the 1948 Flood Control Act, section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act, and supplemental authorizations). During the fiscal year the following work was completed and/or accomplished under such authority: Linear feet Item of im- Commenced Completed provement Section 210, Flood Control Act 1950 Hired labor: Cockfield levee restoration, Cane River Levee and Drainage D istrict- ..- __- _ __. . . 3, 509 May 1954_ May 1954. All necessary repairs were made to the following Sulphur River levees over the limits of the levee indicated: February 1954. - May 1954. Item SS-20.8-L, Delta County Levee Improve- ment District No. 2_ __.._.._...... -- 675 Item MS-243.0-R and MS-241.0-L, Delta County Levee Improvement District No. 8: south bank._. 17, 794 north bank-_. --------------- 7,147 Item S-191-L, Red River County Levee Im- provement District No. 1 ------------------ 30, 889 Item NS-5.0-R, Lamar County Levee Im- provement District No. 1 -------------......36,391 Shell Point levee repairs, 19th Louisiana Levee and Drainage District, mile 170, over a dis- tance of ._..........---------------- --------- 425 December 1953-1 January 1954 1. Section 208, Flood Control Act 1948: Kelly Lake levee setback, Item R-417.5-R, Red River levees, Miller County, Ark- . . -.- ..------------------ 1, 400 April 1954.- In progress. 1 Work was stopped in January 1954 owing to shortage of funds; approximately 50 percent of the neces- sary repairs had been accomplished. Repairs were made to the floodgate at Hempstead, Ark., by FLOOD CONTROL-NEW ORLEANS, LA., DISTRICT 521 contract, and real estate activities were carried on in Garland Levee District by hired labor. The costs for the work performed this fiscal year amounted to $90,680 and costs for emergency flood-fighting operations were $44,003, making total costs $134,683. The total costs to June 30, 1954, under this authority were $9,749,358, of which $2,254,230 was for new work and $7,495,128 for maintenance. In addition, $71,500 was expended from con- tributed funds. Cost and jfinancial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated - -$1, 121 --........ $2, 254, 230 Cost- - --. - -- -__ _ ....... .- .-- ... 2, 254, 230 Maintenance: Appropriated. $511, 000 556, 042 $233,500 $50, 000 $85, 890 7, 518, 064 Cost 1, 344, 685 523, 833 336, 179 128,672 134,683 7, 495, 128 1 In addition, $70,000 expended from contributed funds for maintenance at Gahagan Bend and $1,500 for maintenance at Miller County Levee District No. 2. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT The district comprises a very small portion of southwestern Tennessee, western Mississippi, southern Arkansas, and north- eastern Louisiana as embraced in the drainage basins of the eastern tributaries of the Mississippi River south of Horn Lake Creek to and including Buffalo River, and of the western tributaries from and including the Arkansas River from a point 3 miles upstream from Pine Bluff, and the Ouachita and Black Rivers and tributaries in Arkansas and Louisiana. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control--Continued Page Page 1. Arkansas River and trib- 9. Calion, Ouachita River, Ark..... 535 utaries, Ark. and Okla............ 523 10. Local protection, Pine Bluff, 2. Ouachita and Black Rivers, Ark................................... 536 Ark. and La............................ 523 11. Bayou Bartholomew, Ark. and 3. Inactive navigation projects...... 528 La............................... 537 12. Existing levees, floodwalls and Flood Control extensions thereto from Bastrop, La., to mouth of 4. Ouachita River and trib- Boeuf River and at West utaries, Ark. and La............... 529 Monroe, La ...................... 537 5. Blakely Mountain Dam on 13. Bawcomvillet La....................... 538 Ouachita River, Ark............... 530 14. Big Black River, Miss.............. 539 6. De Gray Reservoir, Caddo 15. Homochitto River, Miss............ 539 River, Ark...... .......... 532 16. Inactive flood control projects.. 541 7. Little Missouri River Basin, 17. General Investigations .............. 541 Ark. .......................................... 532 18. Flood controlwork under special 8. Murfreesboro Reservoir, Muddy authorizations ................... 541 Fork (Little Missouri River, Ark.) ....................................... 535 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND OKLA. A consolidated report on this project for the Vicksburg, Little Rock, and Tulsa Districts, submitted by the Little Rock District, Southwestern Division, is on page 643. 2. OUACHITA AND BLACK RIVERS, ARK. AND LA. Location. Ouachita River rises in Polk County, Ark., and flows about 600 miles in a general southeasterly and southerly direction through Arkansas and Louisiana. It is joined by Tensas and Little Rivers at Jonesville, La., below which place it is called Black River, and enters Red River 35.5 miles above its mouth. (See Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley map and Moro Bay, Ingalls, Strong, Felsenthal, Haile, Drew, Monroe, Columbia, Fort Necessity, Harrisonburg, Manifest, Tooleys, and Deer Park quad- rangle maps.) Previous projects. The project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, June 10, 1872, August 14, 1876, and July 5, 1884. A separate project for work in the Ouachita River 523 524 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 between Camden and Arkadelphia was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 11, 1888. For further details, see page 1869 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 900 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a navigable depth of 61f2 feet at low water from the mouth of Black River., La., to Camden, Ark., a distance of 351 miles, by the construction of 6 locks and dams, with necessary dredging, and for removal of logs, wrecks and overhanging trees, etc., between mouth of Black River and Arkadelphia, Ark., 417 miles, and for a channel 7 feet deep and of suitable width from the improved channel of the Ouachita River above dam No. 6 to the vicinity of the railroad bridge over Lake St. Mary, thence a canal of the same depth and 70 feet in width along the south side of the railroad embankment to high ground with a suitable turning basin near Felsenthal, a distance of 3,600 feet. The project also provides for operation and care of all locks and dams included therein. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, authorized the modi- fication of the existing project and the project for the Red River below Fulton, Ark., to provide a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the authorized 9-foot navigation project at mile 31 on the Red River to the mouth of Black River at mile 35.5, thence from the mouth of Black River to Camden, Ark., mile 351 on the Ouachita River, to be obtained by lengthening and deepening the six existing locks, channel realinement cutoffs where neces- sary, rehabilitation of the dams, dredging and contraction works, including the deepening of the Felsenthal Canal below the pre- viously authorized depth. The location and description of the locks and dams which are included in the project are contained in the table following: Locks and dams, Ouachita River, Ark. and La. Greatest Depth Distance Above Width avail- Lift Eleva- on Year mouth Ye Year from With of able tion- miter Character Kind opened Year No. at Type of of Location of length low normal sill at of of ype o to o Cost Black for full pool normal foundation dam vi-construction River width surface pool gation M of lock level C cr Miles Miles Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet 2 Harrisonburg, La..... 0.1 73.3 55 268 14.4 M.S.L. 21.5 6.9 Piling in Movable. Concrete Poiree need- 1918 1921 $470,395 z clay. le dam; steel miter- 0 ing lock gates. 3 Riverton, La.......-.. 2.0 134.0 55 268 14.8 36.2 6.5 Piling in .__do.....-_ ... do_...-... . -. -- 1919 1920 681,073 sand. 4 Monroe, La-----------........... 4.0 178.1 55 268 8.9 44.9 6.5 _--do-....... do..........do . _____ 1915 1915 11,225,813 5 Sterlington Reach, La_ 0.6 208.3 55 268 6.9 51.7 6.6 Piling in ___do- ... Concrete Chanoine 1924 1926 901,096 clay. wicket dam; steel mitering gates. 6 Near Felsenthal, Ark.. 3.3 238.7 55 268 9.7 61.6 7.6 Piling in ___d-- do_........ _____ __ 1913 1923 2 914,845 C sand. 8 Near Calion, Ark 10.5 297. 5 55 268 13.5 75.1 6.5 Piling in ___do-...........do---------------1912 1926 3 915,446 clay. r2 1 Includes cost of original structure completed in 1915 at a cost of $641,630. Dam 2 Includes cost of original structure to June 30, 1919 ($559,539), and the cost of modifi- failed Aug. 10, 1917, and was rebuilt 1918-22 at a cost of $584,183 under permanent indefi- cations to permit elimination of lock and dam 7 ($355,305). ci nite appropriation for operating and care of canals. Type of dam now is concrete Poiree 3Includes actual cost of original structure to June 30, 1919 ($592,922) and the cost of needle pass and Chanoine wicket weir. modification to permit elimination of locks and dams 7 and 9 ($322,524). CJZ H Cl 0 01 091 526 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Floods ordinarily caused fluctuations of stage from 25 to 45 feet between high and low water. Extreme floods occasionally increase this range about 10 feet. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost for new work is $19,142,000, which includes $58,000 for Felsenthal Canal. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $500,000 of which $200,000 is for operation and care of locks and dams. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 Open-channel work from Arkadelphia to the mouth_. Ex. Doc. 60 pt. 4, 41st Cong., H. 3d sess., Annual Report 1876, p. 336. July 5, 1884 Extension of open-channel work into Black River-... Annual Report, 1883, p. 1155. June 13, 1902 Construction of locks and dams 4 and 6 (canalization Specified in act. work based on report contained in H. Doc. 448, 57th Cong., 1st sess.; Annual Report 1902, p. 1435). Mar. 2, 1907 Construction of locks and dams 2 and 8; elimination Do. from the plan of lock and dam 1. June 25, 191.0 Do. Obtaining sites for locks and dams 3 and 7----------.......... July 25, 1912 Do. Construction of locks and dams 3 and 7-..........-----------.... Aug. 8, 1917 Construction of lock and dam 5---- ....----------------- Do. Mar. 2, 1919 Modification of locks and dams 6 and 8 by raising Rivers and Harbors Committee their pool levels which with dredging obviates the Doc. 7, 65th Cong., 2d sess. necessity for constructing locks and dams 7 and 9. June 26, 1934 1 Operating and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 26, 1937 For the 7-foot channel and construction of a canal Senate committee 2 print, 75th 3,600 feet long to Felsenthal, Ark. Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Modification of local cooperation by elimination of H. Doc. 104, 76th Cong., 1st sess. requirement for provision of highway from main highway system to the canal terminal, for Felsen- thal Canal. 2 May 17, 1950 Modification of existing project to provide for 9-foot S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess. channel and deepening of canal to Felsenthal, Ark. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 This document contains published maps. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and overflow and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construction of the project and subsequent maintenance as and when required; bear the cost of alteration or replacement of existing highway bridges where necessary; provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities, open to all on equal terms; and hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works. Fully complied with for completed portions of the project. Terminal facilities. At Camden, Ark., there is a privately- owned loading dock with gasoline operated crane. At Calion, Ark., there is a privately-owned conveyor and dock for unloading logs. At Champagnolle Landing there is a privately-owned dock for the loading of gasoline into barges. At Sterlington, La., there is a private loading dock for loading chemicals. At West Monroe, RIVERS AND HARBORS--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 527 La., there is one privately-owned warehouse. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing was done in the channel of the stream at 58 locations between Camden, Ark., and the mouth of Black River. A total of 955,384 cubic yards of material was moved, including 782,316 cubic yards by the United States cutterhead dredge Todd, and 173,068 cubic yards by the United States cutterhead dredge No. 2. A sheet pile weir was constructed by hired labor at Treadway Slough at Camden, Ark., involving the placement of 418 tons of riprap and 197 lengths of 17.5-foot sheet piling. The six locks and dams were operated in a satisfactory condition throughout the fiscal year by hired labor. The total costs during the fiscal year were $519,495, of which $16,124 were for construction of sheet pile weir at Treadway Slough, $317,867 were for maintenance dredging, and $185,503 were for operating and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project providing for a depth of 6.5 feet has been completed and is being maintained. New work under the modified project has not been started. The six locks and dams embraced in the existing project for slackwater improvement of the Ouachita River were completed in 1924 and provide navigation to Camden, Ark. (See table under existing project.) Construction of the canal to Felsenthal, authorized in 1937, has not been started., The head of navigation is Arkadelphia, Ark., to which point boats may occasionally run during high water if snags, overhang- ing trees, or similar obstructions do not interfere. From January to June the gage at Monroe generally exceeds pool stage (13.3 feet), caused by the river above, and minimum depths exceeding 7 feet are usual between the mouth of Black River and Camden, Ark., a distance of 351 miles. At intervals during this period, the reading of the Camden gage exceeds 15 feet, and minimum depths of 7 feet may be expected between Camden and Arkadelphia. During the remainder of the year the pools furnished by the six dams, with moderate dredging in Black and Ouachita Rivers, provide depths of 6.5 feet between the mouth of Black River and Camden, Ark., and depths of only a few inches may be expected between Camden and Arkadelphia, Ark. At the end of the fiscal year project depth of 6.5 feet below mean low water was available between Camden, Ark., and the mouth of Black River. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year under the existing project were $4,574, 551 for new work, $4,353,588 for maintenance, and $2,713,165 for operation and care of locks and dams, totaling $11,641,304. In addition, the sum of $2,940,952 was expended between Janu- ary 25, 1913, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provision of the permanent in- definite appropriation for such purposes. 528 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------ ----------------------- ---------------------- $5, 248, 619 Cost-------- ------- --------------------------------- ------------ 5, 248, 619 Maintenance: Appropriated-----......- $498, 675 $430, 000 $185, 000 $446, 300 $516, 000 10, 003, 668 Cost ---------------- 364, 793 525, 871 243, 140 431, 642 519, 495 10, 007, 705 Includes $674,068 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project........................ ...................... $19, 142,000 3. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Bayou Bartholomew, La. and Ark-----------........... 1931 $45, 874 $42, 857 (1 2 5) 2. Bayous D'Arbonne and Corney, La......... -------- 1941 19, 000 3, 347 37, 804 2, 086 (1s) (14) 3. Bear Creek, Miss---- ----........-.-.. -- - 1920 4. Big Black River, Miss....------------- 1895 15, 000 .------------- 4) 5. Big Sunflower River, Miss--- --....--- - 1942 560, 027 459, 328 (112) 6. Boeuf River, La- -.------ - --.--- _ 1949 30, 000 103, 737 (11 So 1) 7. Homochitto River, Miss--- ___--.....-.-- . 1910 15, 482 8, 518 (1) 8. Little Missouri River, Ark--------------...- 1873 19, 992 ..-------------- (1 4) 9. Little River, La-------------.----------- 1890 2, 500 -------------- (1 11) 10. Little Tallahatchie River, Miss------------.............. 1913 19, 000 (-------------- 1) 11. Mouth of Yazoo River, Miss---- -....-.- - 1953 1, 179, 211 145, 217 (17) 12. Removing snags and wrecks from the Miss- 1948 ............. 272, 500 (9) issippi River below the mouth of Missouri River and from the Old and Atchafalaya Rivers. 13. Saline River, Ark............................ 1931 26, 900 12, 792 (13 4) 14. Steele and Washington Bayous and Lake 1947 19, 050 10, 110 (78) Washington, Miss. 15. Tallahatchie and Coldwater Rivers, Miss. 1939 43, 481 173, 066 (1e) 16. Tchula Lake, Miss-- ------...------------ - 1921 19, 385 26, 585 (1) 17. Tensas River and Bayou Macon, La-.-. -- 1949 38, 367 85, 352 (1 0) 18. Yalobusha River, Miss--...........--- .......------------.... -- 1937 7, 000 15, 936 (141) 19. Yazoo River, Miss ----.......................... 1947 359, 661 480, 605 (16 7) 1 Completed. 2 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 1692, 64th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Channels adequate for existing commerce. Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 5 See report of the Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Yazoo Basin flood-control project including channel clearing and rectification and Grenada Reservoir on Yalobusha River. 6 See report of the Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Yazoo Basin flood-control project, including Sardis Dam and Reservoir, on the Little Tallahatchie River, Arkabutla Dam and Reservoir on Coldwater River, Enid Dam and Reservoir, on Yocona River, and channel clearing on Tallahatchie and Little Tallahatchie Rivers. ?No funds available. S Abandonment recommended in H. Does. 1694, 64th Cong., 2d sess., and 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. See report of Mississippi River Commission for operations in connection with the Big Sunflower River, etc., Mississippi flood control project, including channel clearing and snagging in Steele Bayou. 9 No funds available under this project. Work is being carried on under appropriation Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries. to Report of New Orleans district, pp. 919-920 for fiscal year 1949. 11Due to decline of traffic, local interests are no longer sufficiently interested to provide rights-of-way and dumping privileges. 12Project curtailment recommended by elimination of work between Pentecost and mouth of Hush- puckena River. (Abandonment of entire project erroneously recommended in H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., Ia 1st sess.) Project curtailment recommended by elimination of work above Girard, La. (Abandonment of entire project erroneously recommended in H. Doc. No. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.) FLOOD CONTROL--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 529 4. OUACHITA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND LA. (FLOOD CONTROL) Location. Ouachita River rises in Polk County, Ark., and flows about 600 miles in a general southeasterly and southerly direction through Arkansas and Louisiana. It is joined by Tensas and Little Rivers at Jonesville, La., below which place it is called Black River, and enters Red River 35.5 miles above its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps and Mississippi River Commission Alluvial Valley quadrangle maps.) The Ouachita River Basin embraces about 25,000 square miles. Headwater streams drain about 3,500 square miles of rugged ter- rain of the Ouachita Mountains (including some 1,500 square miles of the Ouachita National Forest). Downstream the basin com- prises about 21,500 square miles of hilly uplands and broad plains. Below Riverton, La., approximately 1,490 square miles are in the Red River backwater area. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (S. Doc. No. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), approved the general plan for flood control on Ouachita River and tributaries, Arkansas and Louisiana, which provides for the construction of one multiple- purpose and one flood control reservoir; protection works for three localities and channel improvement at several points. This act further authorized the incorporation into the general plan of the several separate existing projects for flood control along the Ouachita River and tributaries in the basin above the lower end of the levees on the east bank of Ouachita River. Following are lists of the reservoirs and local protection works included in the general flood control plan for the Ouachita River and tributaries, and the existing flood control projects incorporated into the project: New projects Drainage Storage (acre-feet) Estimated Project Stream area (square E construc- dstt miles) Power Flood tion cost 1 control De Gray Reservoir, Ark. 5 Caddo River.... 453 2 420, 000 250,000 $26, 817, 500 Murfreesboro3 Reservoir, Ark. Muddy -_._.... Fork.... 121 71, 400 4,190, 000 Callon, Ark. Ouachita River 537,000 Local Protection, Pine Bluff, Ark. -_ 185, 000 Bayou Bartholomew, Ark. and La., in- -1,730,000 eluding Deep Bayou, and Overflow Creek.s Extension of floodwall at Monroe, La._ Ouachita River - - - - 136,000 Bawcomville, La. 5 .. do--- ----------- '288,000 11954. 2 Includes 75,000 acre-feet of conservation storage. 3 Existing project authorized Aug. 18, 1941, and amended by Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. 4 Includes 3,400 acre-feet of conservation storage. 5 Details presented in individual report. 6 Details presented in S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess. 7 Under sec. 6, Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928. 530 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Incorporatedprojects Flood Estimated For last full Project Type of work Control construction report, see an- Act cost nual report for- Blakely Mountain Reservoir (Lake Oua- chita), Ark.' -------- Reservoir......... 1944 2$30,800,000 . (a) Little Missouri River Basin, Ark.'_-- Reservoir and ' 1944 213, 429, 700 (8) channel im- provement. Existing levees and floodwalls and ex- Levees and flood- 1928-50 6 3,055,956 (3) tensions thereto from Bastrop, La. to walls. (45) mouth of Boeuf River and at West Monroe, La.' Columbia, La-----------------.... .-.. Flood protection_- 1936 * 204,740 1941 1 Details presented in individual reports. 21954. 3 Included in this report. 4 River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950. 6 Transferred from F. C. M. R. & T. 6 Actual cost of completed project. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for flood- control improvements within the basin have been met except for new projects authorized by the act of 1950 on which local interests have indicated their willingness to comply with requirements. (See individual statements for further details.) Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations dur- ing the fiscal year, together with costs for those projects on which work was in progress, are shown in individual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The condition of the various projects on which work has been initiated is given in individual reports. 5. BLAKELY MOUNTAIN DAM ON OUACHITA RIVER, ARK. Location. The work covered by this project is at the head of Lake Hamilton (pool of Carpenter Dam) and approximately 10 miles northwest of Hot Springs, Ark., in Montgomery and Garland Counties, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1:500,000.) Previous project. Authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1938, this provided for participation by the United States in the cost of construction of a multiple-use reservoir not to exceed $2,000,000. No construction was undertaken. Existing project. This provides for construction of Blakely Mountain Dam on Ouachita River for flood control and other purposes in the Ouachita River Basin with a gross storage capacity of 2,768,000 acre-feet and power installation totaling 75,000 kilo- watts (2 units at 37,500 kilowatts each). The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost is $30,800,000 for construction and $250,000 for annual maintenance and operation. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, and incorporated into the Ouachita River and tributaries project by the 1950 River and Harbor Act. (See H. Doc. 647, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest pub- lished map.) Local cooperation. None required. FLOOD CONTROL--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 531 Operations and results during fiscal year. Contract for con- struction of main dam and intake structures was completed September 29, 1953. Work under continuing contract for con- struction of power plant was continued and is 74 percent complete. Work under supply contracts for design and purchase of power plant and electrical equipment was continued. A radio trans- mission tower, purchased under supply contract, was erected by hired labor. Contact for clearing the second and major portion of the reser- voir was completed November 18, 1953. Topping of trees in the reservoir was continued by hired labor and is 58 percent complete. Relocation of Forest Service trails was completed. Work under negotiated contract for relocation of U. S. Highway No. 270 and State Highway No. 27 was continued and is 93 percent complete. Relocation of U. S. Highway No. 270 was completed June 15, 1954. Contract for construction of reservation buildings was completed November 23, 1953. Work under negotiated contract for reloca- tion of Washita and South Fork roads in Montgomery County was initiated in September and completed in October, 1953. Nego- tiated contract for relocation of power line was completed De- cember 31, 1953. Work under negotiated contracts for relocation of telephone lines was initiated August 11 and Ocotber 2, 1953, respectively, and completed August 30 and November 27, 1953, respectively. Construction of access roads at various points in the Lake Ouachita area was initiated by hired labor May 5, 1954, and is 25 percent complete. The completed works were maintained. The master plan for public use facilities was approved by Office, Chief of Engineers as pertaining to the allocation of areas to be developed; however, the administration of lands as presented in the plan is being studied in Office, Chief of Engineers. There were 52,500 visitor-days for recreation. Costs during the fiscal year were $7,741,197 for new work and $37,727 for maintenance, totaling $7,778,924. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the spillway, tunnels and appurtenances, and main dam and intake structures is complete. Construction of power plant is in progress. Supply contracts for design and purchase of power plant and electrical equipment are continuing. A radio transmission tower has been erected by hired labor. Relocations of telephone and power trans- mission lines are complete. Relocations of Garland and Mont- gomery County roads are complete. Relocations of cemeteries in Garland and Montgomery Counties are complete. Relocation of Forest Service trails is complete. Relocation of U. S. Highway No. 270 is complete. Relocation of State Highway No. 27 is in prog- ress. Relocation of power lines in connection therewith is com- plete. Construction of reservation buildings is complete. Clearing of the reservoir is complete except for topping of trees. Topping of trees is in progress. Preliminary report on public use facilities has been approved by Office, Chief of Engineers. The master plan has been approved by Office, Chief of Engineers as pertaining to the allocation of areas to be developed; however, the administra- 532 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tion of lands as presented in the plan is being studied in Office, Chief of Engineers. Construction of access roads at various points in the Lake Ouachita area is in progress. Acquisition of land in the dam and Lake Ouachita areas, in- volving a total of 82,372 acres, is complete. The project as a whole was initiated in August 1947 and is 90 percent complete. Working remaining to complete the project consists of completion of the power plant, completion of topping of trees, and development of public use facilities. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $27,815,730 for new work and $37,727 for maintenance, totaling $27,853,457. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated Cost ... ..... _ - .- $2, 300,000 2, 970, 782 $2, 800, 000 4, 429, 348 $5, 700, 000 3, 834, 464 $4,018, 000 4, 119, 651 $4, 957, 290 7,741, 197 $28, 075, 290 27, 815, 730 Maintenance: Appropriated------------------ - - 45, 000 45,000 Cost-_ - 37, 727 37, 727 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954...----------................ $28, 724 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-.......... 2,867, 710 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............................................................................----------------------------------------. 2,896, 434 6. DE GRAY RESERVOIR, CADDO RIVER, ARK. Location. The work covered by this project is located on Caddo River (mile 8), a tributary of Ouachita River, in a narrow, rocky gorge, in Clark and Hot Spring Counties, Ark., approximately 10 miles north of Arkadelphia, Ark. (For latest published map, see H. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a multiple-purpose flood control and power reser- voir at a site on Caddo River designed as "De Gray," as a feature of the Ouachita River and tributaries comprehensive plan for flood control. The reservoir will provide a gross storage capacity of 670,000 acre-feet. Power installation will consist of two 16,000 kilowatt units. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost is $26,817,500 for construction and $250,000 for annual maintenance and operation. The project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act ap- proved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work has not been started. 7. LITTLE MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Little Missouri River rises in the southeastern corner of Polk County, Ark., on the southern slope of the Missouri Mountains and flows in a southeasterly direction a distance of 147 FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 533 miles in a tortuous course to enter the Ouachita River 27.6 miles above Camden, Ark. Terre Noire Creek rises in the Athens Plateau, midway between Arkadelphia and Amity in Clark County, and flows in a general southeasterly direction a distance of about 45 miles to enter Little Missouri River on the left bank 2 miles above the mouth of the parent stream. Ozan Creek, formed by the junction of North Fork, Middle Fork, and South Fork near Blevins, in Hempstead County, flows in a gen- eral northeasterly direction a distance of about 25 miles to join Little Missouri River on the right bank at mile 73.2 above the mouth. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, approved the plan for the Narrows Reservoir for flood control and other purposes on the Little Missouri River, Ark., and for local flood protection on the main river below Murfreesboro, Ark., and on the Terre Noire and Ozan Creeks, as set forth in House Docu- ment 837, 76th Congress, 3d session, and authorized $3,000,000 for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the completion of the project for Little Missouri River in Arkansas. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of the Narrows Reservoir on the Little Missouri River above Murfrees- boro, Ark., with a gross storage capacity of 410,000 acre-feet and a powerplant at the dam site with an initial installation of hydro- electric generating facilities having a capacity of 17,000 kilowatts and with provisions for future enlargement of those facilities; channel clearing and snagging on the Little Missouri River above the mouth of Ozan Creek, and the excavation of 31 cutoffs below the mouth of Ozan Creek; snagging of the channel of Terre Noire Creek between the Missouri-Pacific Railroad crossing and the mouth, the enlargement of 0.9 mile of silted creek channel, the repair of levee crevasses in the side levees, and the construction of required drainage ditches; and the excavation of 20 cutoffs on Ozan Creek between the lower end of the existing drainage ditches and the mouth. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the approved plan: Estimated cost Location Type of protection Federal Local Total Narrows Reservoir (Lake Greeson) Reservoir and powerplant_ 1 $12, 706,000 --------. I$12, 706, 000 near Murfreesboro, Ark. Little Missouri River, Murfreesboro, Channel improvement--- ...--- 1 530, 000 $40, 000 1 570, 000 Ark. to mouth. Terre Noire Creek, Ark _ _. _ Channel improvement and 123, 700 10,000 133, 700 repairs to levees. Ozan Creek, Ark---------------- Channel improvement ...... 1 70, 000 8, 000 178, 000 1 Revised 1954. Note. Incorporated into the Ouachita River and tributaries project by the 1950 River and Harbor Act. Local cooperation. Fully complied with on Terre Noire Creek. 534 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Assurances received and approved for work on Ozan Creek and Little Missouri River. Operations and results during fiscal year. Narrows Reservoir (Lake Greeson): The facility was maintained and operated and generation of power was continued throughout the fiscal year. A total of 18,340,100 kilowatt-hours was produced, of which 18,173,- 340 kilowatt-hours were furnished the Southwestern Gas & Elec- tric Co. under contract between that company and the Southwest- ern Power Administration. There were 474,300 visitor-days for recreation. On July 1, 1953, the flood control pool was empty and storage in the power pool amounted to 184,300 acre-feet of water. Maximum pool elevation, 546.9 feet above mean sea level, or 1.1 feet below maximum power pool elevation, occurred July 27, 1953. Peak in- flow was 15,000 cubic feet per second on July 27, 1953. On June 30, 1954, the flood control pool was empty and storage in the power pool amounted to 159,900 acre-feet of water. Ozan Creek: Preparation of plans and specifications was com- pleted. Little Missouri River below Murfreesboro: Preparation of plans and specifications was completed. Costs during the fiscal year were $8,302 for new work and $198,- 116 for maintenance, totaling $206,418. Condition at end of fiscal year. Narrows Reservoir (Lake Greeson) : The project was initiated in April 1946 and completed in February 1953. Generation of power, and maintenance and oper- ation of the facility are continuing. Terre Noire Creek: The improvement is complete. Repairs to levees were accomplished with emergency funds. Ozan Creek: Preparation of plans and specifications is complete. Little Missouri River below Murfreesboro: Preparation of plans and specifications is complete. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $12,869,803 for new work and $716,448 for maintenance, totaling $13,586,252. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-........ $3, 510, 000 $237, 805 $123, 509 $4, 500 -$3, 437 $12,876,728 Cost--------------- 3,149, 681 464,841 77,897 103,670 8,302 12, 869,803 Maintenance: Appropriated ........------ ....----------- 149, 000 170, 000 200, 000 201, 000 720, 000 Cost-------------- ......------------ 155,257 169,861 193,213 198,116 716, 448 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954......---------.............. $154 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------....... 538, 427 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.....---- ------------------ ------------------- 538,581 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project--------------.................................... 14, 545 FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 535 8. MURFREESBORO RESERVOIR, MUDDY FORK (LITTLE MISSOURI RIVER, ARK.) Location. The work covered by this project is located on Muddy Fork (mile 2) of Little Missouri River, in a narrow gorge in Pike County, Ark., approximately 3 miles northwest of Murfreesboro, Ark. (For latest published map, see S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir as a feature of the Ouachita River and tributaries comprehensive plan for flood con- trol. The reservoir will provide a gross storage capacity of 71,400 acre-feet. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost is $4,190,000 for construction and $30,000 for annual maintenance and operation. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work has not been started. No funds have been authorized for appropriation, pending further study of desirability for local contribution. 9. CALION, OUACHITA RIVER, ARK. Location. The work covered by this project is on the west bank of the Ouachita River near Calion, a small town in Union County, Ark., about 307 miles above the mouth of Black River and 13 miles northeast of El Dorado, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of levees and appurtenances for the protection of the town of Calion, Ark., Calion Lumber Co. property and Lake Calion. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost is $537,000 for construction. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 427, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), as amended by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish all rights-of-way necessary for the improvements without cost to the United States; maintain the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from or be occasioned by construction of the improvement. Local interests have signified their willingness to comply with these re- quirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary work was initiated in fiscal year 1945 on preparation of plans, but was suspended in view of the statement of local interests that they were unable to comply with the requirements of local cooperation. The project was amended in fiscal year 1950 to include protection work for the expanded area, with the assurance of local interests that the re- 536 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 quirements for local cooperation will be met. Construction work has not been started. Emergency work, consisting of grading of the riverbank at the most critical point, laying riprap revetment along about 100 feet of riverbank and relocating about 1,500 linear feet of adjacent county road has been accomplished with flood con- trol, general, emergency funds. Costs and expenditures to June 30, 1954, were $110 for new work. 10. LOCAL PROTECTION, PINE BLUFF, ARK. Location. The work covered by this project is located in Jeffer- son County, Ark., in the vicinity of Pine Bluff, Ark. (For latest published map, see S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement involves channel improvement on the Bayou Bartholomew tributary Pine Bluff out- let canal, and construction of an intercepting canal from Harding Drain to Bayou Bartholomew, and clearing of 4 miles of Bayou Bartholomew. The cost of the completed work was $172,582. The project was authorized by River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish with- out cost to the United States, all lands, rights-of-way and ease- ments necessary for construction of the project; bear the cost of construction of new highway bridges and alteration or replacement of existing highway bridges where necessary; clear the channel of Harding Drain of obstructions to flood flows and construct the nec- essary laterals; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction work; and to maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. All requirements with respect to construction have been met except clearing of the channel of Hard- ing Drain. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished by the Harding Drain Improvement District September 23, 1952, and approved by Lower Mississippi Valley Division by first indorse- ment dated October 3, 1952. (File 601.52 Ark.R.-Pine Bluf-Gen.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Work under contract was completed April 28, 1954. Total costs during the fiscal year were $122,769 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was initiated in February 1953 and completed in April 1954. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $172,582 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- ----- --------------- $265, 000 -$80, 000 .$185, 000 Cost - --.... ------------- ------------ 19, 610 30, 202 $122, 769 172, 582 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 12,418 --................. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.... ............................................................... .--.. 12,418 FLOOD CONTROL--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 537 11. BAYOU BARTHOLOMEW, ARK. AND LA. Location. The work covered by this project is located in south- east Arkansas and northeast Louisiana, and includes the channel of Bayou Batholomew and its tributaries Deep Bayou and Over- flow Creek. (For latest published map, see S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for inter- mittent clearing and snagging and closure of high-water outlets on the main stem; on Deep Bayou, the enlargement of the channel be- tween miles 2 and 15 and the diversion of the stream by a canal into Bayou Bartholomew at a point 10 miles below its present mouth; and clearing and enlargement of the Overflow Creek channel below mile 23. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost is $1,730,000. The project was authorized by River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish with- out cost to the United States all lands, rights-of-way, and ease- ments necessary for construction of the project, bear the cost of construction of new highway bridges and of alteration or replace- ment of existing highway bridges where necessary; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works; and maintain and operate all the works after completion in ac- cordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work has not been started. 12. EXISTING LEVEES, FLOOD WALLS, AND EXTENSIONS THERETO FROM BASTROP, LA., TO MOUTH OF BOEUF RIVER AND AT WEST MONROE, LA. Location. The work covered by this project is located along the banks of the Ouachita River from the lower end of the levees on the east bank and upstream, including existing and projected levee works and flood walls. (For latest published map, see S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The work covered by this project includes existing levees, flood walls, and extensions thereto from Bastrop, La., to mouth of Boeuf River and at West Monroe, La. The Bastrop to Monroe and West Monroe, La., levees, protection works on the east bank of Ouachita River at Monroe, La. and vicinity, and those on the east bank of Ouachita River from above Sterlington, La., to below Monroe, La., and the levee walls at Monroe and West Mon- roe, La., were constructed as a part of the Boeuf floodway project, approved May 15, 1928, until the fiscal year 1936 when the Boeuf floodway project was abandoned. The works were carried to com- pletion as a part of the "Ouachita River Levee System" under the appropriation for Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries. The Columbia, La., levee was constructed by authority of Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936 (S. Doc. No. 196, 73d Cong., 2d sess.). The extension of the flood wall at Monroe, La., to partially close an 538 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 existing gap was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The actual costs of completed works included in this project are as follows: Columbia, La., levee-------------....................----..............................................-------------------------.1 $204, 740 Monroe levee wall, West Monroe levee wall, Monroe levee, West Monroe levee, Sterlington to Monroe, La . ---------... . ------------------- . . 2 2, 649, 295 Monroe to Sandy Bayou levee (completed to Indian Mound)........---------........--... 2 406, 661 1 Constructed under F. C. G. 2 Constructed under F. C. M. R. & T. and reported in annual report of the Mississippi River Com- mission. Costs include $134,876 contributed funds. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost of the extension of the floodwall at Monroe, La., is $136,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed projects in accordance with requirements of the governing acts. Drainage works have been constructed by local interests from Bastrop to Sandy Bayou and at West Monroe. Local interests have also con- tributed funds, as cited above, in accordance with the requirements under section 6 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928. For the partial closure of the floodwall at Monroe, La., local in- terests are required to furnish without cost to the United States all lands, rights-of-way, and easements necessary for construction of the projects; bear the cost of construction of new highway bridges and of alteration or replacement of existing highway bridges where necessary; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works, and to maintain and operate all of the works after completion in accordance with regu- lations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Same as shown under "Exist- ing project." 13. BAWCOMVILLE, LA. Location. The work covered by this iproject is at Bawcom- ville, La., a small town in Ouachita Parish, La., approximately 2 miles west of the Ouachita River and approximately 2 miles south- west of Monroe, La. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a loop levee, and supplementary drainage works consisting of a pumping plant, floodgates, and appurtenant ditches for the protection of Bawcomville, La., as a feature of the Ouachita River and tributaries comprehensive plan for flood control. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost is $288,000 includ- ing Government cost of $192,000 under section 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928, and $96,000 from contributed funds. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications, soils investigations, surveys and mapping for construction of two pumpiring plants and modification of floodgates were completed. FLOOD CONTROL-VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 539 Government costs were $30,734 under section 6, Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the Bawcom- ville new levee, involving the placement of 283,482 cubic yards of levee embankment and 234 linear feet of culvert pipe was com- pleted Novemebr 21, 1950, with funds under section 6, Flood Con- trol Act of May 15, 1928. Work remaining to complete the project consists of the construction of two pumping plants and modifica- tion of floodgates. The total Government costs to the end of the fiscal year were $92,963. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $31,114. 14. BIG BLACK RIVER, MISS. Location. The work covered by this project is on Big 'Black River, Miss., which flows into the Mississippi River about 25 miles below Vicksburg, Miss. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for im- provement of the 'flood channel by means of channel clearing and suitable cutoffs from a point between Choctaw and Webster Coun- ties, Miss., to the mouth, 325.6 miles. The project lessens the fre- quency and duration of floods on 180,000 acres of bottom lands. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The cost of completed work was $910,185. The latest approved (1954) estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $50,000. Local cooperation. None required. (Sec. 2 of the Flood Con- trol Act of June 28, 1938, applies.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Channel maintenance work, snagging, was completed on a total of 33.5 miles of the waterway. Cost of maintenance was $38,822. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1941 and is being maintained. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $910,185 for new work and $597,585 for maintenance, totaling $1,507,770. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated..-------...... ---------------------------------------------- ....------........ $910, 185 Cost- --------- ---------------------------------------------- -- -------- 910, 185 Maintenance: Appropriated ..------- $60, 000 $16, 000 $13, 400 $58, 000 $54, 400 618, 300 Cost......---------------- 50, 459 36, 356 17, 737 63, 285 38, 822 597, 585 15. HOMOCHITTO RIVER, MISS. Location. The project is located along the Homochitto River in Adams and Wilkinson Counties, Miss. (See Corps of Engineers, 540 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps and Artonish, Woodville, and Kingston quadrangles.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a number of cutoffs, aggregating approximately 5.8 miles in length, which will reduce the length of the river from Rosetta, Miss., to its mouth from 37.7 miles to 30.6 miles; con- struction of small earth dams at points where the new cutoffs leave and reenter the existing channel; clearing and snagging operations along both banks from mile 1 to mile 35; and blasting along sides and bottoms of the channel where its development is retarded by stumps or hard non-erodible clay strata. The project results in clearing the riverbed and banks of obstruc- tions, shortening the channel, and producing a more uniform slope, thereby resulting in faster runoff of floodwaters in the basin, mini- mizing the damage to crops and highways and making practicable more general use of farm and timber lands which have been hither- to subject to frequent extended inundation. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports June 22, 1936 Small earth dams at heads of minor tributaries and None. channel improvement for flood control. June 28, 1938 Additional channel improvements and related works None. for flood control. Aug. 18, 1941 Additional channel improvements and related works None. for flood control on main river and tributaries. The cost of the completed work was $205,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $5,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. No maintenance work was done. Stream gaging and inspections were continued with maintenance funds. Cost of maintenance was $1,636. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1948 and is being maintained. Total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $205,000 for new work and $129,254 for maintenance, totaling $334,254. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------ ----------------------------------------- --- $205, 000 Cost-- -- ------------------------------------------------------------- 205, 000 Maintenance: Appropriated $25, 000 ------------ ..... -$13, 400 ------------ $600 130, 200 Cost--------------...............---. 21, 533 $3, 085 1, 618 $1,998 1, 636 129, 254 FLOOD CONTROL--VICKSBURG, MISS., DISTRICT 541 16. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Buffalo River, Miss_----------------------- 1940 ---------------------- 1 2$235,000 2. Emergency Bank Protection (section 14 of 1953 ..........---..----------------.... $107, 816--- 1946 Flood Control Act). 3. Flood Control Emergencies-Repair and Flood 1953 ' 566, 628 $4, 504, 360 ...--------- Fighting and Rescue Work (section 210 of 1950 Flood Control Act). 1 1954. $ Deferred indefinitely because of insufficient justification under present conditions. $ Does not include $4,677 from contributed funds. 17. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of examinations and sur- veys during the fiscal year was $35,806. The balance unexpended, $1,916, will be applied to completion of studies in connection with the participation of the Vicksburg district in the preparation of the Arkansas-White-Red River Basins report. The additional sum of $37,500 can be profitably expended dur- ing the fiscal year 1955 to complete the work assigned to the Vicksburg district in connection with the preparation of the Arkansas-White-Red River Basins report. The cost of collection of basic data during the fiscal year was $1,946. The balance unexpended, $54, will be applied to continua- tion of collection of basic data. The additional sum of $20,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. Storm studies: Routine work was continued on storm studies assigned to this district. A preliminary investigation was made of data on the May 1953 storm. Flood investigations: Flood damage surveys were made of the May 1953 floods in the Ouachita and Yazoo River Basins. 18. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATIONS Snagging and Clearing of Navigable Streams and tributariesin the Interests of Flood Control (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act) With funds previously appropriated and contributed under this head, the following work was done during the fiscal year: Contract for the improvement of Little Bayou Boeuf, La., between miles 14.53 and 18.92 was completed July 24, 1953. A total of 221,046 cubic yards of material was excavated from the channel. Hired labor work consisting of the cleanout of the lower 4 miles of Tucker Bayou, Miss., was initiated July 6, and completed September 2, 1953. A total of 20,930 cubic yards of material was excavated, and 3.6 miles of channel cleanout was accomplished. Total Gov- ernment costs under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $811,541 for new work. In addition, costs from contributed funds amounted to $17,128. 542 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS LITTLE BAYOU BOEUF, LA. 1 Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.-------- ------- -$3, 099 ------------ $49, 000 ........ 75, 901 Cost............----------------$23, 680 ------------------------............ 25, 490 $23, 510 75, 901 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUND LITTLE BAYOU BOEUF, LA. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 .1954 prior to 1950 New work: ------------......----.....--- ....----------.... Contributed--------.................. $26, 000 -$8, 872 $17, 128 Cost---------------............ ....---------...........--------------...--------. 16,000 1,128 17,128 Cost and financial summary TUCKER BAYOU, MISS. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: ............ Appropriated--------........------------ ----............------------....... -$36, 882 -$2, 253 $34, 629 Cost------------------------- ----------------------- 424 34, 205 34,629 Cost and financial summary WALKER; LAKE CANAL, MISS. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------........ -- ----------------------- $46, 000 -$7, 349 $38, 651 Cost---- ------------------------------------ 38,651 38, 661 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southeastern Missouri and southern Illinois, the western portions of Kentucky and Tennessee, a small portion of northern Mississippi, and northeastern Ar- kansas. It includes the area embraced in the drainage basins of the eastern tributaries of the Mississippi River south of the Ohio River Basin to Nonconnah and Horn Lake Creeks, inclusive, and those of the western tributaries south of the Little River Diversion Channel and Commerce, Mo., including the St. Francis River Basin, and the White River and tributaries below Peach Orchard Bluff, Ark., on the right bank and this basin below Augusta, Ark., on the left bank. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Wolf River (Memphis Harbor), 4. Mounds and Mound City, Ohio Tenrn-....---.....---.. ........ .. ..... 543 River Basin, Ill----.......-------.............. 546 2. Table of inactive projects ....---. 545 5. Table of inactive projects.......... 548 6. General investigations--................ 548 Flood Control 7. Flood control work under special ------------- authorization ........................ 548 3. Memphis, Wolf River, and Nonconnah Creek, Tenn ..---- 545 1. WOLF RIVER (MEMPHIS HARBOR), TENN. Location. Wolf River rises in Benton County, Miss., and flows generally northwesterly about 100 miles, through Shelby County, Tenn,, emptying into the Mississippi River within the corporate limits of the city of Memphis, Tenn. (See Mississippi River Com- mission alluvial valley maps, scale 1:62,500, and scale 1:500,000.) Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, authorized dredging at the mouth of Wolf River as an item in the improvement of Memphis Harbor, the work being carried out under the supervision of the Mississippi River Commission. Existing project. This provides for a channel 9 feet deep at low water from its mouth to Hindman Ferry Road (5.5 miles) with bottom widths of 250 feet from the mouth to Keel Avenue and 200 feet from Keel Avenue to North Second Street Road, and thence 125 feet wide from North Second Street Road to Hindman Ferry Road. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1952, is $1,504,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $105,000. The work of improvement under the existing project up to North Second Street Road (3.5 miles) was authorized September 6, 1933, by the Public Works Administration, and the existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Docs. 26, 72d Cong., 1st sess., and 45, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). Sketch maps are printed in the project documents. 543 Sig 18-543.574 544 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. The work under the existing project is subject to the condition that local interests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States, all rights-of-way required for channel enlargement and straightening, and suitable areas with retaining levees where needed for disposal of dredged material during initial construction and future maintenance as and when needed, and shall furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of Army saving the United States free from damages resulting from the work. The work is also subject to the provision that no works shall be undertaken on any section of the channel through or above any bridge until such bridge has been altered in a manner satisfactory to the Secretary of Army, without cost to the United States. The conditions as pertaining to the improvement up to North Second Street Road have been complied with. Conditions above that point have not been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 24 terminals in the lowermost 3 miles of Wolf River. Five terminals are operated by common car- riers, 3 by contract carriers, and 16 are operated privately. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing during the fiscal year 1954 was conducted with leased plant. The dredge Burlington moved a total of 1,377,741 cubic yards of material in maintaining a channel of project dimensions. The total costs for the year were $193,617. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 50 percent complete. At the end of the fiscal year ample depths existed in the channel below a point 900 feet above Hall Street. Project depth at low water is maintained in this reach by dredging as required. From this point to beyond North Second Street Road depths of from 1 to 2 feet obtain during the low water season. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the extension of the channel from North Second Street Road to Hindman Ferry Road. Exclusive of maintenance dredging done during the fiscal year 1936 with Mississippi River funds which were included in the annual report of the Mississippi River Commission for that year under the caption "dredges and dredging," the total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,933,250, of which $586,500 were from Public Work funds for new work, $1,329,250 were from regular funds for maintenance, and to cover the cost of retaining levees required of local interests, there have also been costs charged to contributed funds amounting to $17,500. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ. 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated Appropriated------- ----------- ----- ------ ------------ --------- ------------ $586, 500 $586,500 Cost_------- --- -- ------- I--- -------- ----------------- ----- 86,500 Maintenance: Appropriated . $90, 000 $77, 761 $95, 000 $88, 730 2$197, 351 1, 334, 728 Cost_-- --- ---- ---- 102, 973 91, 621 91, 931 90,056 193,617 1, 329, 250 1In addition, $17,500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Includes $1,851.47 which was moved in to Wolf River, Tenn. from M. & I., contingencies in conversion to new appropriation structure 1 July 1953. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT 545 2. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required Annual Con- Operation to Report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. St. Francis and L'Anguille Rivers and Black- fish Bayou, Ark.................------------------------. - 1943 $92, 000.34 $300, 449.43 (1) 2. Obion River, Tenn...........................1911 28, 716.75 .-.----------.. (S) 3. Forked Deer River, Tenn., including South Fork. ..--------------------------------- 1912 25, 000. 00 12, 818.50 (1) 4. Removing snags and wrecks from the Missis- sippi River below the mouth of Missouri River and from the Old and Atchafalaya Rivers-----.......--... ..... .... 1948 ...-------------------------. 318,833.56 () 5. White River, Ark. (below Peach Orchard Bluff)......................-------------------------------- . 1951 25, 000. 00 1, 360, 578. 97 (1) 1 Existing project is for maintenance only. 9 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. a Completed. 4 No funds available under this project. Work is being carried on under "Appropriation, flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries." 3. MEMPHIS, WOLF RIVER, AND NONCONNAH CREEK, TENN. Location. The work covered by this project lies within and adjacent to the city of Memphis in Shelby County, Tenn., on the left bank of Wolf River and the right bank of Nonconnah Creek from the confluence of these streams with the Mississippi River upstream for approximate distances of 10 and 4 miles, respec- tively. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Tennessee, scale 1:500,000, and Mississippi River Commission alluvial valley maps, scale 1:62,500 and 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system (eight sections) of levees, flood walls, and bank protection, consisting of the following features: About 22,000 feet of earth levee and two concrete railroad floodgates along the right bank of Nonconnah Creek, extending from high ground near Tennessee Chute south of Riverside Park to high ground at Bodley Avenue east of Prospect Street; about 15,600 feet of concrete flood wall, and 31,500 feet of earth levee along the left bank of Wolf River, extending from downtown Memphis to high ground near Douglas Park; construction of 6 new pumping stations and 8 storage reservoirs with appurtenant works for the disposal of interior drainage; and the construction of a culvert under North Bellevue Boulevard near Cypress Creek for the en- largement of the Cypress Creek Reservoir. The projct will pro- vide protection, with 3 feet freeboard, for the city of Memphis and adjacent areas against a Mississippi River flood of 54.5 feet stage, or 4.1 feet higher than the maximum flood of record, which oc- curred in February 1937. The project was adopted by the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, and so modified by the War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 28, 1939, that the cost of providing pumping stations and outlet works for interior drainage shall be borne by the United States, and further amended by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, to in- crease the total estimated cost of the project by $1,500,000. The current (1954) estimated cost of construction, is $11,500,000. 546 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. General assurances given by the city of Memphis and Shelby County, Tenn., were approved by the Secre- tary of War on August 2, 1938. All rights-of-way for the project have been provided by local interests with the exception of section 5 and subsections 1-A and 1-E. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Planning and design were continued during the year for sections of the project not yet completed. Section 1-D and Section 7 are complete, and Section 1-C is about 95 percent complete. A contract has been awarded on Section 1-B and work was initiated. The costs for the year were $919,493, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Sections 8, 6, 4, and 2 levees, section 3 wall, Nonconnah Creek, Cypress Creek, May Street, Workhouse Bayou, Fairfax and Marble Bayou pumping stations, and appurtenant works have been turned over to local interests for maintenance and operation. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $8,875,933, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------..... $360, 000 $500, 000 $750, 000 $697, 000 $400, 000 $9, 635, 700 1,163, 594 537, 186 Cost-----------............... 476, 187 172, 261 919, 493 8, 875, 933 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .. - $...... 122 $267, Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.................................------------------......---------------...................................------........ 267, 122 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project .. ... .... ........ .... ....... - 864, 300 .- . 1,1..-......... 4. MOUNDS AND MOUND CITY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, ILL. Location. This project is located in Pulaski and Alexander Counties, Ill., on the right bank of the Ohio River and about 8 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction Of a system of levees and concrete flood walls and channel diversion, consisting of the following features: The Ohio River section, including 4,860 feet of new earth levee, 20,120 feet of levee enlargement, and 785 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground about 3 miles north of Mound City along the river side of State Highway No. 37 and the right bank of the Ohio River to a point about 2,000 feet northwest of the mouth of Cache River; the Cache River diversion, unit 1, including the con- struction of 4,830 feet of new earth levee, and unit 2, including the construction of 600 feet of new earth levee, and unit 3, including the construction of 2,450 feet of new earth levee extending downstream along the Ohio River from the lower end of the Ohio River section across the old bed of the Cache River to the northeast corner of the Cairo drainage district FLOOD CONTROL-MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT 547 levee, construction of 1 new highway bridge and 2 new railroad bridges across the diversion channel, 2 pumping plants for disposal of interior drainage, and other appurtenant structures. Units 1 and 2 of the Cache River diversion include excavation of the diversion channel from the abandoned Illinois Central Railroad bridge location over the Cache River near Cache, Ill., to the Mississippi River near the Beechridge gage and construction of a new earth levee from high ground just east of the upstream end of the diversion channel to the northwest corner of the existing Cairo drainage district levee. The project will provide protection for Mounds and Mound City, Ill., and about 8,600 acres of agricultural land against Ohio and Mississippi River floods equal to the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1937. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $1,060,056, ex- clusive of pumping plant for which the need has not been definitely determined, and of which an amount not exceeding $635,000 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $9,300. The current (1952) estimate of the annual cost of maintenance of the Cache River diversion channel and levee is $6,500. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Provisions of section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, apply to the diversion of the Cache River and the adjacent levee; whereas the provisions of section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, apply to the remaining levees and flood walls. However, the City of Mounds, Ill., has recently furnished assurances and has assumed the obliga- tion of maintaining the Cache River diversion levee. Rights of way for the levee and flood wall were accepted on June 7, and July 25, 1940. Operations and results during fiscal year. The Government performed routine maintenance of the Cache River diversion levee. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,202. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in June 1940 and at the end of the fiscal year was com- plete, exclusive of pumping plants. The work remaining consists of the construction of the pumping plants. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,035,290 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated..$-------- 43, 200 $4, 590 $1. 060, 056 Cost--.------------- 164, 829 178, 477 60, 415 50, 082 2, 202 1,035, 290 * Amount of $21,189 transferred from Louisville District which was actually appropriated prior to F. Y. 1954 and has been reflected on reports by that district. Other new work data: __... $19,127 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954....__..-.-.---.---.. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.................................................................................. ........................... 19,127 548 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 5. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Clarendon to Laconia Circle, White River 1937 -------............-------------- $8, 960,000 Basin, Ark. 2. Big Creek and L'Anguille River, White River 1937 ...----------------------........... 86 000 Basin, Ark. 3. Flood control work under authority of sec. 205 1952 62, 821.43 ------- ------ Completed. of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, as amended. 6. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of work during the fiscal year was $25,566 and the unexpended balance was $1,110. The un- expended balance plus an anticipated allocation of $28,000 will be applied to reports under way. The additional sum of $55,000 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1956. Collection and study of basic data. The cost of work for collec- tion and study of basic data for the fiscal year was $457 and the unexpended balance was $128. The unexpended balance will be used as needed. The additional sum of $600 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1956. 7. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). Funds were made available during fiscal year 1954 ($50,000) for snagging and clearing on Float Road Slough (Cache River Trib- utary), Ark. A contract has been awarded but no work started. Channel clearance, consisting of removal of snags, drift, and other debris, by contract was accomplished as follows: Proposed Com- Fiscal Item work pleted year 1954 (miles) (miles) cost Middle Fork, Obion River, Tenn.l _ -------------------------------- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6.3 6.3 $35, 418.78 Crooked Creek (Obion River system), Tenn........................ 1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.8 3.8 17,188.52 Middle Fork, Forked Deer (Obion R. system), 2 -- -- --Tenn. -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- 5.2 5.2 33,320.06 Float Road Slough (Cache River), Ark. . 6.2 0 4,033.88 1 Work completed. 2 Under contract. Total channel clearance work performed to June 30, 1954, is as follows: Miles Hatchie River (and its tributaries), Tenn. and Miss .................................. 184.2 Obion River (and its tributaries), Tenn....-----------..........---------------....................................... 245.0 Mayfield Creek, Ky. .......................- .....--- ..................................................... -... 5.0 Loosahatchie River, Tenn-----...................------------------------.......................................------.............. 3.1 St. Francis River (and its tributaries), Ark ..................................................... 3.6 The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,035,010 of which $995,- FLOOD CONTROL-MEMPHIS, TENN., DISTRICT 549 010 was from regular funds and $40,000 from emergency relief funds. Cost and financial summary MIDDLE FORK OBION RIVER NEAR DRESDEN, TENN. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .... .......------------------------------------ $50, 000 -$9, 987 $40, 013 Cost-------------------------------------...............---------...... 4, 594 35, 419 40, 013 Cost and financial summary CROOKED CREEK, CARROLL COUNTY, TENN. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ----- ... ------- ------------------------ ... $30, 304 -$10, 450 $19, 854 Cost....---------- ---------------------------------- 2,666 17,188 19,854 Cost and financial summary MIDDLE FORK OF THE FORKED DEER RIVER, TENN. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total . .. . . 30, June 1954,toinclud- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------...... $50, 000 -$11, 156 $50, 000 -$2, 723 $86, 121 Cost----------------- 38, 844 ----------------------- 13,957 33, 320 86, 121 Cost and financial summary FLOAT ROAD SLOUGH, WALNUT RIDGE, ARK. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated....... ------------------------ ------------ ------------ $50, 000 $50, 000 Cost----------------------------- ------------ 4, 034 4, 034 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ... $18,300 ......................... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ..... . ...... . ..... -...........-.... .... ................ . .... ........ .... 18 ,300 Cost and financial summary HURRICANE AND AUNT BETTY RODGERS DITCHES, ARK. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -- ------------------------------------ $42, 000 -$13, 252 $28, 748 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 28,748 28, 748 550 REPORT OF CHIEF OF iENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Flood control emergencies-repair and flood fighting and rescue work (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). The total costs of work performed under this authorization dur- ing the fiscal year were $11,120. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $2,805,349. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated. $392,919 $162, 879 $15,198 -$870 -$2, 000 $2, 818,565 Cost ....---------------- 620, 901 258,331 118, 064 8,044 11,120 2, 805,349 Flood control emergencies--repairand flood fighting and rescue work-emergency repairs, Mississippi River, Dyer County Levee, Tenn. (1st Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1949). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated__ -------- $135, 000 $19, 529 - $30, 000 ..... -$2, 000 $182, 529 Cost..........-----------------14, 309 32, 487 103, 352 $8, 044 11, 120 169, 313 Emergency bank protection (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). Funds were made available during fiscal year 1954 ($50,000) for emergency bank protection work in Oak Donnick Floodway, Ark., for the protection of U. S. Highway No. 63 bridge. The cost of work for the year was $175. The unexpended bal- ance of $49,825 will be used to complete the work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------ - $50,000 $50,000 Cost .... ... -- - - ---- ----- 175 175 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954........ ...... $49, 825 ------------. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _. ......----------......... ...... 49, 825 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT The Galveston District comprises the drainage basin of all the short streams arising in the coastal plain of Texas and flowing into the Gulf of Mexico, including the entire basin of Buffalo Bayou, San Jacinto, San Bernard, Lavaca, Navidad, Mission and Aransas Rivers. It also includes the lower basins of the major streams flowing into the Gulf as follows: Sabine River, Texas and Louisi- ana, below Orange; Neches River below Beaumont; Trinity River below Liberty; Brazos River below the confluence with Navasota River; Colorado River below Austin, Guadalupe River below the confluence with the San Marcos River; San Antonio River below Goliad; Nueces River below Calallen. It further embraces the coastal area situated to the east of the Missouri-Pacific Railroad between Calallen and Raymondville, and all of Starr, Hidalgo, Cameron, and Willacy Counties, covering the Lower Rio Grande Valley. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex.. 551 11. Clear Creek and Clear Lake, 2. Gulf Intercoastal Waterway Tex----..........---------................ ------..........581 between Apalachee Bay, Fla., 12. Dickinson Bayou, Tex.........---------.... 582 and the Mexican border 13. Chocolate Bayou, Tex...---------.......... 583 (Galveston district)................ 557 14. Freeport Harbor, Tex..--------............. 584 3. Galveston Harbor and Chan- 15. Channel from Pass Cavallo to ---------------- nel, Tex................................... 565 Port Lavaca, Tex.........---------.......... 587 4. Texas City Channel, Tex.......... 568 16. Port Aransas-Corpus Christi 5. Channel to Port Bolivar, Tex.... 570 Waterway, Tex.....-................ 589 6. Houston Ship Channel, Tex...... 572 17. Brazos Island Harbor, Tex........ 594 7. Double Bayou, Tex.................... 575 8. Anahuac Channel, Tex.............. 576 Flood Control 9. Trinity River and tributaries, 18. Buffalo Bayou, Tex..-----...-----.............. 599 Tex....-------------------- 577 19. Table of Inactive Projects.......... 601 10. Cedar Bayou, Tex.............-----------..... 579 20. General Investigations--------............ 602 1. SABINE-NECHES WATERWAY, TEX. Location. This is a consolidation of the old improvements of "Harbor at Sabine Pass and Port Arthur Canal" and "Sabine- Neches Canal, including Sabine River to Orange and Neches River to Beaumont, Texas." Sabine Pass is on the Gulf of Mexico, ap- proximately 58 miles east of Galveston and 280 miles west of South- west Pass, Mississippi River. It connects Sabine Lake with the Gulf of Mexico. The Port Arthur Canal extends from near the upper end of Sabine Pass to the Port Arthur docks at the mouth of Taylors Bayou, a distance of 7 miles. Near its upper end, the Sabine-Neches Canal joins and extends to the mouth of the Neches and Sabine Rivers. The waterway next extends up the Neches River to Beaumont and up the Sabine River to Orange. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 517 and 533.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Sabine Pass was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875, and subsequent projects and modifications by River and Har- bor Acts of August 2, 1882, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, and June 19, 1906. The Port Arthur Canal was conveyed to the United 551 552 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 States free of cost in 1906, and the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912, incorporated it in the project. The Sabine and Neches Rivers were first improved under the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, and March- 3, 1899, and the Sabine-Neches Canal was first improved under the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1905, and March 2, 1907. The project was enlarged by the River and Harbor Acts of February 27, 1911, July 25, 1912, March 2, 1919, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1863 of Annual Report for 1915 for the Sabine and Neches Rivers, Sabine Pass, and Port Arthur Canal, and page 985 of the report for 1916 for Sabine-Neches Canal.. (See also pp. 1100 and 1105 of Annual Report for 1921 and p. 874 of Annual Report for 1926.) Existing project. : The existing project dimensions provided for in the various channels and basins comprising the waterways are shown in the following tabulation: Adopted project dimensions Section of Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex. Depth in feet below Bottom width in feet mean low Gulf level -i I-- ~ -- - Sabine Pass outer bar channel_____.__.__ .................. _ 800-........................ 37 Sabine Pass jetty channel .... _______.---............. - .... 500 at inner end, increasing (0) to 800 at outer end. Sabine Pass channel..- -- . -----................... - 500....--.--..-............- 36 Sabine Pass anchorage basin..............._.........._....... 800 by 3,000 long, exclusive 34 of channel. Port Arthur Canal.....................---- -------.......... 400.....-..-..--.-.--.-...-.- 36 Entrance to Port Arthur turning basin._...... ... .... .. 250 to 540 ........ ____....... 36 Port Arthur: East turning basin .................................----------------------------- 420 by 1,800 long ........... 36 West turning basin.........._______-................. 600 by 1,700 long ............ 36 Channel from Port Arthur west turning basin to Taylors _- - - - - - - - - - . - 250 36 Bayou turning basin. Taylors Bayou turning basin________________________..______ 150 to 1,000 by 2,900 long-.... 36 Sabine-Neches Canal: Port Arthur Canal to mouth of Neches River_--------- 400 _ __ - - - - --....... - 36 Mouth of Neches River to mouth of Sabine River ........ 150........------------------- 30 Neches River, mouth to Beaumont turning basin, including 350 ....-.................. 36 cutoffs. Beaumont turning basin_...................______.......... 500 by 1,500 long __........ 34 Beaumont turning basin extension..._________............... 350 by 2,300 long........... 34 Neches River from Beaumont turning basin to vicinity of ....... . .. . .. . .. . 200 30 Pennsylvania shipyard. Sabine River, mouth to cutoff near Orange-__.---..--...---... 125 .............. .. 30 Sabine River to Orange municipal wharf ..................... 200 by 3,000 long-........... 30 Sabine River cutoff to highway bridge....... ................ 150.0------------------- 25 Adams Bayou ............................------------------------------------ 12 100-------------------......................... Cow Bayou: Channel..--------..------------------------------------- 100 ...... 0._............ 13 Turning basin- --------------------------------------- 300 by 500_ ._ 13 1 36 at inner end, increasing to 37 at outer end. The project also provides for two stone jetties at the Sabine Pass entrance from the Gulf of Mexico, the western jetty to be 21,860 feet long and the eastern jetty to be 25,270 feet long. The project further provides for the removal of the guard lock in the Sabine- Neches Canal, the construction of suitable permanent protective works along the Sabine Lake frontage owned by the city of Port Arthur to prevent dredged material from entering Sabine Lake and to prevent the erosion of the material deposited, the reconstruction of the Port Arthur Bridge, and the relocation of the Port Arthur field office. The mean tidal variation at the entrance is about 11/2 feet, at RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 553 Port Arthur about 1 foot, and at Orange and Beaumont about five- tenths foot. Prolonged north winds during the winter season have depressed the water surface as much as 3.4 feet below mean low tide while tropical disturbances have caused heights as much as 7 feet above mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work, exclusive of $385,500 con- tributed funds and value of useful work performed by local inter- ests and of amounts expended on previous projects, is $15,301,000 (July 1954). The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $786,700 (July 1954), exclusive of $1,835,000 (July 1954) estimated cost of rehabilitating jetties. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Existing project dimensions of jetties, a 26-foot chan- H. Doc. 773, 61st Cong., 2d sess. nel through Sabine Pass, Port Arthur Canal, and Port Authur turning basin; a new turning basin at Port Arthur 26 feet deep, 600 feet wide, and 1,700 feet long; a 25-foot depth in Sabine-Neches Canal, Neches River to Beaumont and Sabine River to Orange, including cutoffs and widening of the channels as recommended by the Chief of Engi- neers and approved by the Secretary of War, and purchase of a new dredge. Sept. 22, 1922 Deepening the channels to 30 feet from the Gulf to H. Doe. 975, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Beaumont, with increased widths and an anchor- age basin in Sabine Pass 32 feet deep over an area of about 2,000 by 1,000 feet. Do....... Deepening the Port Arthur turning basin and con- S. Doec. 152, 67th Cong., 2d sess. necting channels thereto to 30 feet. For taking over and deepening Taylors Bayou turning basin and connecting channel to 30 feet. For a 30-foot depth in the channel from the mouth of Neches River to cutoff in Sabine River near Orange. Mar. 3, 1925 Removal of guard lock in Sabine-Neches Canal-...... H. Doe. 234, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21,1927 Increased widths of channels as follows: Sabine Pass H. Doe. 287, 69th Cong., 1st sess. jetty channel and Sabine Pass to 300 feet, Port Arthur Canal to 200 feet; Sabine-Neches Canal, from Port Arthur Canal to mouth of Neches River, to 150 feet. For dredging 2 passing places in Sabine- Neches Canal, easing of bends, removal and recon- structing Port Arthur field office, extending Beau- mont turning basin upstream 200 feet above the new city wharves, and for an anchorage basin in Sabine Pass, 4,500 feet long, 800 feet wide, and 30 feet deep. Aug. 30, 1936' A depth of 32 feet in the channels from the Gulf to the Rivers and Harbors Committee Beaumont turning basin, including all turning Doec. 27, 72d Cong., 1st sess. basins at Port Arthur. Do....... Deepening the channels to 34 feet with increased Rivers and Harbors Committee widths from the Gulf to the Beaumont turning Doec. 12, 74th Cong., 1st sess. basin, including all turning basins at Port Arthur. Do....... Construction of suitable permanent protective works Specified in act. along the Sabine Lake frontage owned by the city of Port Arthur. Aug. 26, 1937 Taking over and maintaining channel from Sabine Rivers and Harbors Committee River to Orange municipal wharf. Doe. 3, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 4 4 Do-...... Dredging 500 feet from the eastern end of Harbor Rivers and Harbors Committee Island and for abandonment of the channel south Doec. 20, 75th Cong., 1st sess. and west of Harbor Island. June 20,1938 Increased widths of channels from the Gulf to the H. Doe. 581, 75th Cong., 3d sess. Beaumont turning basin and channel connecting Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin, deepening the Beaumont turning basin and Beaumont turning basin extension to 34 feet; and for dredging a new cutoff from Smiths Bluff cutoff to McFaddin Bend. Oct. 17,1940 Abandonment of the Orange turning basin; dredge a S. Doe. 14, 77th Cong., 1st sess. channel 25 feet deep, 150 feet wide, suitably wid- ened on bends, to the highway bridge and dredge a cutoff channel opposite Orange 25 feet deep and 200 feet wide, approximately 2,400 feet long. 1 Pvqvi sly authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. 554 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents i I Mar. 2, 1945Extension of Beaumont turning basin upstream 300 H. Doc. 685, 76th Cong., 3d sess. feet. Do ---- Widening Port Arthurwest turning basin to 600 feet.. S. Doc. 60, 77th Cong., Ist sess. Do ...-- Dredging a channel from. the Beaumont turning S. Doc. 158, 77th Cong., 2d sess. basin to vicinity of Pennsylvania Shipyard, 200 (Contains the latest published feet wide and 30 feet deep. maps.) July 24, 1946 Deepening the Sabine Pass outer bar channel to 37 H. Doc. 571, 79th Cong., 2d sess. feet and the Sabine Pass jetty channel to 37 feet at the outer end, decreasing to 36 feet at the inner end, deepening to 36 feet Sabine Pass Channel, Port Arthur Canal, Port Arthur east and west turning basins, Taylors Bayou turning basin, and the channel from Port Arthur west turning basin to Taylors Bayou turning basin, deepening to 36 feet and widening to 400 feet the Sabine-Neches Canal from Port Arthur Canal to the mouth of Neches River except through Port Arthur bridge; deepen- ing the Neches River channel from the mouth to' the Beaumont turning basin to 36 feet with widen- ing to 350 feet from Smiths Bluff to the Beaumont turning basin; deepening the junction area on Neches River at the Beaumont turning basin to 36 feet; and widening the Sabine-Neches Canal be- tween the Neches and Sabine Rivers to 150 feet. Do------- Improvement of Cow Bayou, Tex., by the construc- H. Doc. 702, 79th Cong., 2d sess. tion of a channel 100 feet wide and 13 feet deep at mean low tide and about 7.7 miles long, extending from the navigation channel in Sabine River to a point 0.5 mile above the county bridge at Orange- field, Tex., with a turning basin 300 feet wide, 500 feet long, and 13 feet deep at Orangefield. Do __-- Improvement of Adams Bayou, Tex., to provide a H. Doc. 626, 79th Cong., 2d sess. channel 12 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide on bottom extending from the 12-foot depth in the Sabine River to the first county highway bridge across the bayou, a distance of about 8,600 feet. May 17, 1950 Deepening to 36 feet and widening to 400 feet the H. Doc. 174, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Sabine-Neches Canal in the vicinity of Port Arthur bridge; reconstruction of the Port Arthur Bridge and relocation of the Port Arthur field office. The project is subject to the condition that no dredging shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of existing pierheads or established pierhead lines. Recommended modification of project. Under date of January 23, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for rectification of certain reaches of the existing Sabine Pass Channel, Sabine-Neches Canal, and Neches River and Sabine River Channels; widening to 350 feet the entrance channel to the Port Arthur turning basins; widening the curve at the junction of Port Arthur and Sabine-Neches Canals; relocation and enlargement of the Sabine Pass anchorage basin to a depth of 34 feet, a width of 1,500 feet, and a length of 3,000 feet; widening to 200 feet the Sabine-Neches Canal from the mouth of Neches River to the mouth of Sabine River and the Sabine River Channel to the upper end of the existing project at Orange, except for the channel around Harbor Island at Orange; deepening to 30 feet the Sabine River Channel from the cutoff near the Orange municipal slip to the upper end of the project, except around Har- bor Island; and enlarging the area at the entrance to the Orange municipal slip to provide a maneuvering basin; with such modifica- tions thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; at an estimated cost to the United States of $6,875,000 for new work and $121,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required (Senate Doc. No. 80, 83d Congress, 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for certain pro- RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 555 visions of the River and Harbor Acts of June 20, 1938, and July 24, 1946. Cooperation remaining consists of (1) furnish free of cost to the United States rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as re- quired, and release the United States from any claims for damages due to construction and subsequent maintenance for widening a part of the channel connecting Port Arthur west turning basin and Taylors Bayou turning basin (act of June 20, 1938), and (2) fur- nish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights- of-way, and spoil-disposal areas which are necessary for construc- tion and maintenance of the upper 0.6 mile of Cow Bayou Channel (act of July 24, 1946). Terminal facilities. Modern terminal facilities adequate for present commerce exist. (See pp. 839 and 840, Annual Report for 1938, and Port Series No. 22 (revised 1946), Corps of Engineers.) A number of small privately owned docks have been constructed at various locations along the waterway since 1946. Terminal facil- ities have been constructed in the Port Arthur turning basin by Warren Petroleum Co. and the U. S. Steel Products Co. Moderniza- tion and enlargement of terminal facilities have been performed at a number of terminals including Bethlehem Shipyards, Burton Shipbuilding Co., Gulf Oil Corp., Atlantic Refining Co., Kansas City Southern Railway Co., Port of Beaumont, Pure Oil Co., Sun Oil Co., and Magnolia Petroleum Co. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work under contract for construction of a protective fender for the east foundation pier of the Port Arthur bridge was completed during the period July 1 to 9, 1953, at a cost of $2,832. Maintenance: Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were performed at a cost of $58,468. Preliminary sur- veys, plans and specifications were made for the construction of dredging range towers for hopper dredging at a cost of $1,593. Work under the contract during the period December 16, 1953, to February 27, 1954, was done at a cost of $22,128. A total of 6,018,525 cubic yards of material were removed from 123,762 linear feet of channels and basins at a cost of $671,507, as follows: Government Cubic Linear feet plant or Location Period yards of channel Cost contract removed dredged Contrat-..-------... Port Arthur Canal, Port Ar- July 1 to Nov. 3, 1, 863, 920 20,590 $222, 037 thur turning basins and 1953. Sabine-Neches Canal. Do ... ..----------.Sabine Pass Anchorage Basin, Jan. 4 to May 11, 2, 782, 738 70, 739 302,368 Sabine - Neches Canal, 1954. Neches River Channel, Beaumont Turning Basin Extension and Beaumont Turning Basin. Government hop- Outer bar and jetty channel... January 1 to 1,371,867 32, 443 147, 102 per dredge A. Mar. 8, 1954. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $756,528, of which $2,832 was for new work and $753,696 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 556 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 99.6 percent complete. The Sabine Pass jetties are completed to full project dimensions. Enlargement of the Sabine Pass outer bar and jetty channels, Sabine Pass Channel, Port Arthur Canal, turn- ing basins at Port Arthur, Sabine-Neches Canal, the Neches River from its junction with the Sabine-Neches Canal to the Beaumont Turning Basin, Adams Bayou, Cow Bayou to and including the turning basin, relocation of the Port Arthur field office, and recon- struction of the Port Arthur bridge was completed. The work re- maining consists of completing widening and deepening of the channel from Port Arthur west turning basin to Taylors Bayou turning basin, and dredging Cow Bayou above the turning basin near Orangefield. The controlling depths below mean low tide in the various chan- nels and basins were as follows: Sabine Pass outer bar channel, 35 feet; Sabine Pass jetty channel, 34 feet; Sabine Pass Channel, 35 feet; Sabine Pass anchorage basin, 37 feet; Port Arthur Canal, 30 feet; Port Arthur entrance to and including east and west turning basins, 31 feet; channel connecting Port Arthur west turning basin with Taylors Bayou turning basin, 35 feet; Taylors Bayou turning basin, 36 feet; Sabine-Neches Canal from Port Arthur to mouth of Neches River, 29 feet; Neches River, mouth to Beaumont turning basin, 36 feet; Beaumont turning basin, 36 feet; Beaumont turning basin extension, 36 feet; Neches River Channel from Beaumont turning basin extension to vicinity of Pennsylvania shipyards, 25 feet;: Sabine-Neches Canal, mouth of Neches River to mouth of Sabine River, 31 feet; Sabine River, mouth to cutoff near Orange, 26 feet; Channel to Orange municipal wharf, 29 feet; Sabine River cutoff to highway bridge at Orange, 26 feet; Adams Bayou, 13 feet, and Cow Bayou, including turning basin at Orangefield, 11 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: ' New work Maintenance.l Total Regular funds....- -------------------------------------- $13,874, 590 $12, 639,932 $26,514,522 Public works funds_ -- --------------------- _ 1,363,652 _ _________ 1 363 652 Total United States funds .... . _ _ 15, 238,242 12,639,932 27,878,174 Contributed funds (existing project) - 353,4500 12.. 2 2-77 500 Total all funds ..-----------...-------- 15,591,742 12,639,932 1 28, 231,674 Value of useful work performed------------32,000 ------------------ 32, 000 Total cost of project _ _. ... . -.. ... -...----... 15, 623, 742 12, 639, 932 28. 263,674 RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 557 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 12 New work: Appropriated........ $749, 961 $1, 500,000 $430, 500 -$20, 000 -$7, 718 $20, 419,074 Cost..- .-- --... - 786, 389 1,347, 312 708,972 343, 795 2, 832 20, 419, 074 Maintenance: Appropriated .......-------- 570, 000 540, 382 439, 185 685, 050 584, 230 15, 023, 547 Cost.--.---.- ......- 486, 800 658, 240 424,647 543,401 8753, 514 15, 019,427 1 Includes $5,180,832 for new work and $2,379,677 for maintenance for previous projects. In addition, $931,007 for new work was expended from contributed funds. ' Difference of $182 between F Y 54 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project.--.i_.....-:.................... ...................... $62, 800 2. 'GULF INTRACOASTAL WATERWAY BETWEEN APALACHEE BAY, FLA., AND THE MEXICAN BORDER (GALVESTON DISTRICT) Location. This section of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway ex- tends from a point on the Sabine River about 3 miles below Orange, Tex., to Brownsville, Tex., a distance of about 421 miles; with a flood-discharge channel, about 7 miles in length, in the Colorado River, extending from Matagorda, Tex., to the Gulf of Mexico; a tributary channel in the San Bernard River, extending from the Intracoastal Waterway crossing to the State highway bridge some 30 miles above the crossing; a tributary channel, in the Colorado River, extending from the Intracoastal Waterway upstream a dis- tance of 17 miles; a tributary channel: about 14 miles in length extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to Palacios, Tex.; a tributary channel about 2 miles in length, extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to Rockport, Tex.; a tributary channel about .6 miles in length extending from the Intracoastal Waterway near Port Aransas, Tex., to .the town of Aransas Pass, Tex.; a tributary channel about one-fourth mile in length extending from the. Intracoastal Waterway near Port O'Connor, Tex., into Bar- room Bay; a tributary channel extending about 45.5 miles from the Intracoastal Waterway by way of Seadrift to a point in the Guada- lup River 3 miles above Victoria, Tex.; a tributary channel in Red Fish Bay extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to Port Mans- field, Tex., a distance of about 11/2 miles; and a tributary channel in the Arroyo Colorado extending from the Intracoastal Waterway to 558 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 a point near Harlingen, Tex., a distance of about 31 miles and side channels in the vicinity of Port Isabel, Tex. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1116, 1117, 592, 533, 1279, 1280, 1282, 1283, 1284, 1285, 1286, 1287, and 1288.) Previous projects. Sabine River Galveston Bay section: None. a. West Galveston Bay and Brazos River Canal, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of July 13, 1892, July 8, 1896, and June 13, 1902, the latter providing for the purchase of the Galveston and Brazos River Canal, and the act of March 2, 1907. b. Channel between Brazos River and Matagorda Bay, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of June 25, 1910, and March 2, 1919. The act of July 25, 1912, provided for the construction of highway bridges at points where the waterway intersected existing county roads. c. Channel from Pass Cavallo to Aransas Pass, Tex., River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, and July 25, 1912. d. Guadalupe River, Tex., River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1102 of the Annual Report for 1922; pages 941, 944, and 947 of Annual Report for 1926; and page 845 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 12 feet deep at mean low water over a bottom width of 125 feet, with such passing places, widening at bends, locks or guard locks, and railway bridges over artificial cuts as are necessary from the Sabine River to Brownsville, Tex.; for the purchase or construction of a 20-inch pipe-line dredge; for the maintenance of a suitable flood discharge channel in the Colorado River from Matagorda, Tex., to the Gulf of Mexico; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the San Bernard River, extending from the main channel to the State highway bridge some 31 miles above the mouth of the stream; for a tributary channel in the Colorado River 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, extending from the main channel upstream a distance of 17 miles, with a turning basin of the same depth, 400 feet wide and 500 feet long at the head of the improvement; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Palacios, Tex., through Trespalacios and Matagorda Bays to the main channel; for a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main channel to the harbor at Rockport, Tex., and improvement of that harbor to a depth of 9 feet; for rerouting the main channel along the north shore of Red Fish Bay between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay with no change in present authorized dimensions; for a tributary channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the main channel near Port Aransas, Tex., to the town of Aransas Pass, Tex., ending in a basin of the same depth, 300 feet wide and 2,200 feet long; for a tributary channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from the main channel near Port O'Connor, Tex., into Barroom Bay; for RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 559 a tributary channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide extending from the main channel in San Antonio Bay to Victoria, Tex.:; for a tribu- tary channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide in Red Fish Bay from the main channel to Port Mansfield with a turning basin 400 feet by 600 feet and 12 feet deep at Port Mansfield; for a tributary channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from the main channel to the vicin- ity of Harlingen, Tex., via the Arroyo Colorado with a turning basin 12 feet deep, 400 feet wide, and 500 feet long at the upper end; for side channels 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide and 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide leading from Laguna Madre around the south part of Port Isabel, Tex., a total length of 11/2 miles; for an alter- nate channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide across South Galveston Bay between Bolivar Peninsula and the Galveston Causeway; and for operating and care of the waterway. From the Sabine River (3 miles below Orange, Tex.) to the Port Arthur Canal, from Port Bolivar to the west end of Galveston Channel, from Port Aransas to Corpus Christi and from Port Isabel to Brownsville, Tex., the waterway coincides with deep water channels improved and main- tained under other projects. The mean tidal variation is 0.5 foot at Orange, 1 foot at Port Arthur, 1.3 feet in Galveston Bay, 1.5 feet at Freeport, 1 foot in Matagorda Bay, 1 foot in San Antonio Bay, 1 foot at Corpus Christi, 1.5 feet at Port Isabel, and 1.5 feet at Brownsville. The extreme ranges of tide under ordinary conditions are 1 foot at Orange, 1.5 feet at Port Arthur, 2 feet in Aransas Bay, 2.0 feet at Freeport, 1.5 feet in Matagorda Bay, 1.5 feet in San Antonio Bay, 1.5 feet at Corpus Christi, 2 feet at Port Isabel, and 1.5 feet at Brownsville. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind. Strong north winds have depressed the water surface as much as 2 feet below mean low tide. The modified route of the main channel between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay is subject to the provision that no dredging shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of any wharf or structure, the proposed drawbridge piers and fenders near Aransas Pass, Tex., being excepted from this provision. The tributary channel in the Colorado River is subject to the pro- vision that no dredging shall be done by the United States within Sfee nwharf or structu exceting the highway bridge which crosses the river a mile 8.3. The tributary channel from Palacios, Tex., through Trespalacios and Matagorda Bays, the tributary channel to Aransas Pass, Tex., and the tributary channel to Harlingen, Tex., are subject to the provision that no dredging shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of any wharf or structure. The estimate of cost of new work is $36,245,000 (July 1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,714,700 (July 1954), including $408,250 for operation and care of structures. 560 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following river and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 3, 1925 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, from Sabine H. Doc. 238, 68th Cong., 1st sess. River to Galveston Bay, and for a 20-inch pipeline dredge. Jan. 21, 1927 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide, from Galves- Do. ton Bay to Corpus Christi. Aug. 26, 1937 Maintenance of a flood-discharge channel in the Senate Committee print, 75th Colorado River. Cong., 1st sess. June 20, 1938 Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in San Bernard H. Doc. 640, 75th Cong., 3d sess. River, Tex. Do.------ Channel in the Colorado River, 9 feet deep and 100 H. Doc. 642, 75th Cong., 3d sess. feet wide, with a turning basin. Do-....... Channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Palacios H. Doc. 564, 75th Cong., 3d sess. through Trespalacios and Matagorda Bays. Do....... Channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main H. Doc. 641, 75th Cong., 3d sess. channel to the harbor at Rockport, and improve- ment of that harbor to a depth of 9 feet. Do-....... Channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet ' wide from the main H. Doc. 643, 75th Cong., 3d sess. channel to Aransas Pass, Tex. July 23, 1942 Enlargement of waterway- from Sabine River to Public Law 675, 77th Cong. Corpus Christi and its extension to Brownsville, Tex., so as to provide a depth of 12 feet and width of 125 feet throughout. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide from main chan- H. Doc. 428, 76th Cong., 1st sess. nel near Port O'Connor, Tex., into Barroom Bay. Do -...... Enlargement of channel from main channel to Aran- H. Doc. 383, 77th Cong., 1st sess. sas Pass, Tex., to provide a depth of 9 feet and width of 100 feet. Mar. 2, 1945 'Channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide from main S. Doc. 248, 78th Cong., 2d: sess. channel to Red Fish Landing, Tex., with a turning basin. Do....... Channel 12 feet deepiind 125 feet wide from main H. Doc. 402, 77th Cong., 1st sess, channel to vicinity of Harlingen, Tex., via Arroyo (See Public Law 14, 79thCong.) Colorado, with a turning basin. Julyj24, 1946 Filling a portion of the shallow-draft channel adja- H. Doc. 627, 79th Cong., 2d sess. cent to the Port Isabel turning basin, construction of a channel to connect the shallow-draft channel with the main channel near the shore line of Laguna Madre, and enlargement of the shallow-draft chan- nel west of this connection, all to a depth of 12 feet and bottom width of 125 feet. Do....... Rerouting the main channel along the north shore of H. Doc. 700, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Red Fish Bay between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay with no change in present authorized dimensions and to provide for deepening the tribu- tary channel from Port Aransas to the City of Aran- sas Pass to 12 feet and extension of the turning basin to a length of 2,200 feet at the same depth. May 17, 1950 Alternate channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide across H. Doc. 196, 81st Cong., 1st sess. South Galveston Bay between Port Bolivar and the Galveston causeway. Do....... "Red Fish Landing" changed to "Port Mansfield, Public Law 516, 81st Cong. Tex." July 12, 1952 Incorporate a channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide Public Law 527, 82d Coig., 2d from the main channel by way of Seadrift to a point sess., and H. Doc. 247, 76th on the Guadalupe River 3 miles above Victoria, Cong., 1st sess. Tex., authorized by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, as a part of the Intracoastal Waterway. I H. Doc. 230, 76th Cong., 1st sess., and the project documents contain the latest published maps. Operating and care of the waterway was included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. Recommended modification of project. Under date of Decem- ber 22, 1949, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide a basin for a harbor of refuge for small craft at Seadrift 9 feet deep at mean low water, 200 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long with an entrance channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide from the authorized side channel to Seadrift, and sur- rounded by a protective levee with its top at elevation 20, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 561 may be advisable at an estimated cost to the United States of $52,- 000 for construction and $1,200 annually for maintenance in addi- tion to that now required. (H.D. 478, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) Under date of June 26, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modi- fication of the existing project to provide for widening the tribu- tary channel between Port Aransas and the city of Aransas Pass to 125 feet; straightening the connecting channel to Conn Brown Harbor and widening it to 125 feet; and maintaining Conn Brown Harbor by the United States; all to a depth of 12 feet; with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; at an estimated cost to the United States of $29,000 for construction and $4,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. (H.Doc. 376, 83d Cong., 2d Sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the follow- ing, local interests being required to: (1) furnish free of cost to the United States rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas for construc- tion and maintenance for rerouting the main channel along the north shore of Red Fish Bay between Aransas Bay and Corpus Christi Bay (Act of July 24, 1946) ; (2) for the upper 31/2 miles of the tributary channel in the San Bernard River, furnish free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent mainte- nance (Act of June 20, 1938) ; (3) for the tributary channel in the Colorado River, provide without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, right-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for initial work and for subsequent maintenance (Act of June 20, 1938); (4) for the tributary channel into Barroom Bay, furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable areas for disposal of spoil, as and when needed, and hold and save the United States free from any claim for damages resulting from the construction and maintenance of the channel (Act of Mar. 2, 1945) ; (5) for the navigation channel on the Guada- lupe River to Victoria, Tex., furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for construction and for subsequent maintenance as required, hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages that may result from the construction and maintenance of the channel, bear all costs of required bridge modification and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide adequate terminal facilities, including turning basins at Seadrift and Victoria; and, (6) for the upper 5 miles of the tributary chan- nel in the Arroyo Colorado to the vicinity of Harlingen, Tex.; pro- vide, free of cost to the United States, all necessary lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for the initial im- provement and its subsequent maintenance, when and as required (Act of March 2, 1945). Terminal facilities. There are terminal facilities at Orange, Port Arthur, Galveston, Freeport, Port Lavaca, Port Aransas, Cor- pus Christi, Port Isabel, and Brownsville where this waterway co- incides with channels improved under other projects. (See Port Series No. 22 (Revised 1946), No. 23 (Revised 1948), and No. 25 (Revised 1948), Corps of Engineers, and reports on Freeport Har- bor; Channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca, and Brazos Is- 562 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 land Harbor, Tex.). There are privately owned piers and wharves at Port Bolivar, Palacios, Rockport, Seadrift, and Aransas Pass, and municipal wharves at Palacios and Aransas Pass. An assem- bling basin 300 feet wide by 5,500 feet long with mooring facilities. Government owned, is under construction at Port Bolivar, Texas, for interchange purposes of navigation between shallow and deep draft channels. The facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Civil works investigations were made at a cost of $3,980. Work under contract for the construction of locks at the Colorado River flood- gates was continued during the period July 1, 1953, to April 27, 1954, at a cost of $528,116. Preliminary surveys, plans, and speci- fications for dredging an alternate channel betwen Port Bolivar and the Galveston Causeway were made at a cost of $3,176, and work was performed by contract during the period January 23 to May 22, 1954, removing 2,692,498 cubic yards of material from 36,242 linear feet of the channel, at a cost of $184,718. Prelim- inary surveys, plans and specifications for turfing at the Colorado River Locks were made at a cost of $170, and work under the con- tract during the period May 26 to June 30, 1954, was performed at a cost of $7,424. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for the construction of mooring walls at the Colorado River Locks were made at a cost of $1,312. Maintenance: The Mud Bayou Bridge near High Island, Tex., the Brazos River floodgates near Freeport, Tex., and the Colorado River Locks, near Matagorda, Tex., were operated and maintained by hired labor at a cost of $30,343, $62,894, and $55,590, respec- tively. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports were made at a cost of $97,768. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for repairs to the East floodgate at the Colorado River floodgates were made at a cost of $4,945 and work under the contract during the period 28 January to June 30, 1954, was per- formed at a cost of $169,271. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for cathodic protection for the Brazos River flood- gates and the Colorado River floodgates were made at a cost of $1,404 and $1,970, respectively. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications were made for drilling a new water well at the East Gate, Brazos River floodgate, at a cost of $232, and work under the contract during the period March 19 to April 9, 1954, was per- formed at a cost of $7,007. Preliminary surveys, plans and speci- fications for the construction of a steel sheet pile guide wall at Mud Bayou Bridge were made at a cost of $1,170, and work under the contract during the period October 9, 1953, to April 2, 1954, was performed at a cost of $60,806. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for the construc- tion of an access road and retaining levee at Mud Bayou Bridge were made at a cost of $1,008. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for the reconstruction of the Port O'Connor jetties were made at a cost of $1,247. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for driving reference line piling and the construc- tion of survey tables in San Antonio and Aransas Bays were made at a cost of $2,730, and work under the contract during the period December 16, 1953, to January 23, 1954, was performed at a cost RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 563 of $13,477. Work under contract for driving reference line piling and the erection of informational signs during the period July 1 to 8, 1953, was performed at a cost of $6,596. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for driving reference line piling between Corpus Christi Bay and the Mud Flats were made at a cost of $1,513, and work under the contract during the period November 23 to December 4, 1953, was performed at a cost of $8,288. Pre- liminary surveys, plans and specifications for dredging an assem- bling basin, entrance channel, and the construction of 28 mooring dolphins near Port Bolivar were made at a cost of $3,425, and hired labor work in connection with the contract was performed at a cost of $608. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications for dredging in San Antonio and Aransas Bays were made at a cost of $3,367. A total of 3,335,404 cubic yards of material was removed by contract from 193,274 linear feet of channel at a cost of $355,450, as follows: Cubic yards Linear feet Location Period of channel of channel Cost dredged dredged Laguna Madre Mud Flats Area . _ _ . July 1 to 28, 1953___- 427,348 18,739 $37,707 Corpus Christi Bay to Baffin Bay.__ _- July 1 to 11, 1953 --- 111,183 20 800 9, 228 Port Isabel to Mud Flats-....--- __ March 8 to June 24, 1954___ 1,850,599 99,935 202,090 Freesport Harbor to Gulf, Tex .. _... March 30 to June 30, 1954 165,004 16, 200 37, 227 Tributary Channel to Palacios ...... April 26 to May 29, 1954 - 381, 270 29, 600 36,139 Matagorda, Tex. to Matagorda Bayy June 8 to June 30, 1954 400, 000 8,000 33,059 The total cost for all work during the fiscal year was $1,620,- 005, of which $728,896 was for new work and $891,109, including $396,640 for operation and care of Mud Bayou Bridge, Brazos River floodgates, and Colorado River floodgates and/or locks, was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 68.9 percent complete. The dredging of the main channel from the Sabine River to Rockport and from Corpus Christi Bay to Port Isabel was completed. The tributary channel in the San Bernard River was completed to 26 miles upstream. The tributary channel via the Arroyo Colorado to Harlingen was completed to the South- ern Pacific Railroad bridge about 5 miles east of Harlingen, Tex. The tributary channel to Palacios, to Aransas Pass, and Rockport, Tex., were completed. Channel to and turning basin at Port Mans- field were completed. Shallow draft side channels in the vicinity of Port Isabel, Tex., were completed. Construction of a railway bridge near High Island, Tex., of two floodgates at the Brazos River crossing, and of two floodgates at the Colorado River crossing were completed. Work remaining consists of dredging the modified route of the main channel in the vicinity of Aransas Pass, Tex., tributary channel in the Colorado River, completing tributary channels to Harlingen and in the San Bernard River, dredging branch channel into Barroom Bay, dredging tributary channel to Victoria, Tex., and completing the conversion of floodgates at the Colorado River crossing into locks. The controlling depths over usable widths at mean low water 564 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 were 11.0 feet from the Sabine River to Galveston; 10.9 feet from Galveston to Freeport Harbor; 10.0 feet from Freeport Harbor to the Colorado River; 9 feet from the Colorado River to Port O'Connor; 10.3 feet from Port O'Connor to Corpus Christi; 9 feet from Corpus Christi Bay to Banderia Island (Mile 616 west of Harvey Lock) ; 9.0 feet from Banderia Island to the Arroyo Colo- rado; 10 feet from the Arroyo Colorado to Port Isabel; Colorado River flood discharge channel, 3 feet across Gulf bar, 9.0 feet to main channel, 8.0 feet in the lower 26-mile reach and 2.3 feet in the upper reach of the tributary channel in the San Bernard River; 8.2 feet in the lower 2-mile reach, 3.3 feet in the lower 8-mile reach and not navigable in the reach above mile 8 of the tributary chan- nel in the Colorado River; 7 feet in the harbor basin and 8.8 feet in the dredged portion of the tributary channel to Rockport, Tex.; 9.8 feet in the tributary channel to Palacios, Tex.; 2 feet in the Bay across San Antonio Bay to Seadrift, but 0 feet along the pro- posed location of channel to Victoria; 10 feet in the tributary chan- nel to Aranasas Pass, Tex.; 0 feet in the branch channel into Bar- room Bay; 11.0 feet in the channel to Port Mansfield; 9.2 feet in the completed portion of the tributary channel to Harlingen, Tex.; and 9.2 feet in the side channels at Port Isabel, Tex. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds I-- ------ $24, 492,133 $12,126,195 $36,618,328 Public works funds ------------------------- ______________________________ 466,477 466, 477 Total------------------------------------------ 24,958,610 212,126,195 37.084,805 1 Includes Guadalupe River, Tex. 2 Does not include the following cost for operation and care: The total cost of operation and care of the Mud Bayou Bridge, Brazos River Floodgates, and the Colorado River Floodgates and/or locks to June 30, 1954, was $4,591,377, including $33,173 of permanent indefinite appropriation funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501es New work: Appropriated -------- .. $620, 000 $900, 000 $925, 386 $1, 143, 000 $649, 600 $25,843,146 Cost--------------- 598, 364 734, 142 778, 167 1, 891, 733 2 729, 309 25, 665, 732 Maintenance: e Appropriated-........ 1, 802, 409. 1, 478; 661 1, 356, 489 1;424;590 1,381, 462 18,892, 566 Cost-----.....-----.. 2, 796, 670 1, 562, 860 1, 274, 321 1,766, 375 3 888, 880 18, 241, 908 1Includes $706,709 for new work and $1,526,564 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Difference of $413 between F Y 54 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to over estimation of prepayments for June 1954. 8 Difference of $2,229 between F Y 54 costs shown above and that shown in " Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------------............. $175, 997 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----....---.... -----....------------.. ... ------............ 11, 056, 432 RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 565 3. GALVESTON HARBOR AND CHANNEL, TEX. Location. This is a consolidation of the authorized improve- ments at Galveston, Tex., which includes the projects formerly identified as Galveston Harbor, Tex.; Galveston Channel, Tex.; and the Galveston seawall extension. The entrance to Galveston Harbor is located on the Gulf of Mexico, on the northern portion of the coast of Texas, 328 miles west of Southwest Pass on the Mississippi River and 278 miles northeast from the mouth of the Rio Grande. Galveston Channel extends from a point in Galveston Harbor between Bolivar Peninsula and Fort Point across the former inner bar to and along the wharf front of Galveston, and has a length of about 5 miles and a width of 1,200 feet. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 520.) Previous projects. The original project for the improvement of Galveston Harbor, Tex., was authorized by the River and Har- bor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 14, 1880, and August 5, 1886. For further details see page 1854, Annual Report for 1915, and page 851, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 800 feet wide and 38 feet deep, from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico to a point between the jetties 2 miles west of the seaward end of the north jetty, thence 800 feet wide and 36 feet deep to Bolivar Roads; a channel 36 feet deep at mean low tide and 1,200 feet wide from Bolivar Roads (outer end of the old inner bar near Fort Point) to 43d Street, thence to 51st Street with a width of 1,200 feet and 32 feet deep, in the city of Galveston, and for its extension to 57th Street, to a depth of 32 feet and a width of 1,000 feet; when the interests of navigation and commerce require it; for two rubblestone jetties extending from Galveston Island (on the south) and Bolivar Peninsula (on the north) into the Gulf of Mexico (the south jetty being 35,900 feet long and the north jetty 25,907 feet long) ; the construction of 13 groins to protect the sea wall along the Gulf shore from about 12th to 61st Streets, Gal- veston Tex.; for an extension of the sea wall, which lies along the Gulf front of Galveston, from its angle at 6th Street and Broad- way to the south jetty, with protection at its junction with the south jetty, and for an extension of the existing sea wall in a southwesterly direction from its present terminus near 61st Street for a distance of approximately 16,300 feet along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. Under ordinary conditions, the mean tidal range in Galveston Harbor is 1.6 feet on the outer bar and 1.4 feet on the inner bar with extreme ranges of 2.3 and 2.1 feet respectively. The mean tidal range in Galveston Channel is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet under ordinary conditions. The height of the tides in both Galveston Harbor and Channel is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated Federal cost of new work is $15,702,000 (July 1954), the estimated cost to local interests is $3,580,300; the total 566 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 estimated cost is $19,282,000 (July 1954). The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of the project is $606,750 (July 1954), exclusive of $4,870,000 (July 1954) estimated cost of rehabilitating jetties. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: i Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Construction of 2 rubblestone jetties at entrance to H. Doc. 85, 49th Cong., 1st sess., Galveston Harbor. and Annual Report, 1886, p. 1311. June 13, 1902 A channel 1,200 feet wide and 30 feet deep from Bolivar H. Doc. 264, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Roads (outer end of the old inner bar near Fort Point) to 51st St. Mar. 3, 1905 Purchase or construction of a hydraulic pipeline dredge. Specified in act. Mar. 2, 1907 Extension of the jetties to present project length and H. Doc. 340, 59th Cong., 2d sess., construction and operation of a dredge. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 11, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Do....... Extension of Galveston Channel from 51st to 56th H. Doc. 768. 59th Cong., 2d sess. Sts., with depth of 30 feet and width of 700 feet. June 25, 1910 Conditional extension of the Galveston Channel H. Doc. 328, 61st Cong., 2d sess. between 51st and 57th Sts., with a depth of 30 feet and a width of 1,000 feet. July 27, 1916 Extension of the sea wall at Galveston from angle at H. Doc. 1390, 62d Cong., 3d sess 6th St. and Broadway to a point abreast of the nearest battery at Fort San Jacinto. July 18, 1918 Deepening the harbor channel to 35 feet and widening H. Doc. 758, 65th Cong., 2d sess. to 800 feet for an experimental period of 2 years. Sept. 22, 1922 Further extension of the sea wall at Galveston to a H. Doc. 693, 66th Cong., 2d seas. junction with the south jetty and protection of this junction; and for repairing the seawall in front of the Fort Crockett Reservation. Jan. 21, 1927 Deepening Galveston Channel to 32 feet; and main- H. Doc. 307, 69th Cong., 1st seas. tenance of Galveston harbor channels to dimen- sions of 800 feet wide, 35 feet deep on outer bar and 34 feet deep on inner bar. Aug. 30, 19351 Maintenance of State Highway Ferry Landing Chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee nels to dimensions of 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide. Doc. 31, 72d Cong. 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Construction of 13 groins along Gulf Shore from 12th H. Doc. 400, 73d Cong., 2d sess. to 61st Sts., in city of Galveston, at a limited cost of $234,000. (10 groins were constructed under this limitation.) Do....... Deepening Galveston Channel to 34 feet from Bolivar Rivers and Harbors Committee Roads to 43d St. Doc. 61, 74th Cong., 1st seas. Do....... Deepening Galveston Entrance Channel to 36 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee from the Gulf of Mexico to a point 2 miles west of Doc. 57, 74th Cong., 1st seas. seaward end of north jetty. Apr. 4, 1938 2 Completion of the project for the construction of 13 Public Law 463, 75th Cong. groins. June 30, 1948 Deepening Galveston Harbor to 38 feet from the H. Doc. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess.' Gulf to a point 2 miles west of seaward end of north jetty and 36 feet thence to Bolivar Roads; revoking authority for maintenance of ferry channels, and deepening Galveston Channel to 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to 43d St., provided that no dredging be done by the United States within 50 feet of any existing pierhead, pierhead line, wharf, or structure. May 17, 1950 Constructing an extension of the existing Galveston H. Doc. 173, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' seawall from its present terminus near 61st St., in a southwesterly direction for a distance of approxi- mately 16,300 feet along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. I Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. 2 Public Law No. 463, 75th Cong. 8 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the furnish- ing by local interests of assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from claims for damages due to the construction and maintenance of the Galveston Channel portion of the project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, and furnishing land RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 567 easements required by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, in connection with the extension of the Galveston seawall subse- quent to the initial extension by local interests. Terminal facilities. There are no terminals on Galveston Har- bor, but it is the entrance channel leading to the extensive terminal facilities located on Galveston Channel, Texas City Channel, and Houston Ship Channel. The terminal facilities on Galveston Chan- nel are located almost entirely on the south side of the channel. The principal wharves are owned by the city of Galveston and extend from 10th Street to 41st Street. Reconstruction of piers and transit sheds is in progress and timber bulkheads and aprons have been replaced with steel bulkheads and concrete aprons and concrete slab decks at piers 10, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 40 (Code Nos. 958, 917, 915, 912, 910, 909, and 907, Port Series No. 23, revised 1948). Facilities are listed in the above Port Series and Port Series No. 6, Part 1, Corps of Engineers, and are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work was done by contract during the period July 1 to November 30, 1953, on the westerly extension of the Galveston seawall at a cost of $182,117, all from contributed funds. Maintenance: The Government hopper dredge A. Mackenzie removed 753,930 cubic yards of material from the inner and outer bar channels during the periods from August 17 to October 16, 1953, and from May 16 to June 17, 1954, at a cost of $207,518. The Government hopper dredge Lang fitt removed 563,900 cubic yards of material from the inner and outer bar channels during the period October 27 to December 8, 1953, at a cost $140,657. Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $28,888. Minor repairs to the existing sea wall ex- tension slope and pavement were made at a cost of $1,000. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $560,180, of which $182,117 was for new work and $378,063 was for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 54.9 percent complete. The jetties were completed in 1910. The 35-foot harbor channel was completed in 1922. The first seawall extension, with fill and paving, was completed in 1926. The 36- foot outer bar harbor channel and the 34-foot Galveston Channel from Fort Point light to 43d Street was completed in the fiscal year 1938. The groins along the gulf side of Galveston sea wall were completed in 1939. The inner and outer harbor bar channels were completed in the fiscal year 1950 to depths of 36 and 38 feet, respectively. The westward extension of the Galveston seawall, with fill and paving was approximately 33 percent complete at the end of fiscal year 1954. The work remaining consists of dredg- ing Galveston Channel to a depth of 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to 43d Street and to a depth of 32 feet from 43d Street to 57th Street over a 1,200-foot bottom width from 43d Street to 51st Street and a 1,000-foot bottom width from 51st Street to 57th Street, the work on the latter section being contingent on the de- velopment of the waterfront facilities on the Chicago, Rock Island & Gulf Railway and adjacent properties; and completing 568 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 the 16,300-foot extension of the existing Galveston sea wall from its present terminus approximately 5,400 feet southwest of 61st Street in a southwesterly direction along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. The controlling depth below mean low tide in the outer bar harbor channel, the inner bar harbor channel, and Galveston Channel were 37 feet, 35 feet, and 31 feet, respectively. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total United States funds (regular): Channel----_ --------------- $4, 713, 760 $------------------- $12, 382, 376 $17, 096, 136 Seawall ..............-----.......---------..........-----...-------------...... 2, 289, 214 159, 117 2, 448, 331 Public works funds -----------------------........................ ---... ........ 13, 121 13, 121 Total United States funds_,--__---- ...... - -___ 7, 002, 974 12, 554, 614 19, 557, 588 Contributed funds.....................................----------------------------------- 3, 580, 275 --------------- 3, 580, 275 Total cost of project-................... ............. 10, 583, 249 12, 554, 614 23, 137, 863 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated .-------.. $175, 000 --------------------..... $15, 424, 970 Cost--------..........--------..... 175, 000 .-----------------------------........ 15, 424, 970 Maintenance: Appropriated.-------- 557, 136 $426, 050 $155, 400 $428, 077 $383,400 12, 650, 775 Cost......---------------- 747, 768 271, 534 329, 109 438, 368 2376, 236 12, 638, 914 1 Includes $8,421,996 for new work and $86,126 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Difference of $1,827 between F Y 54 costs shown above and that shown in" Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project................... $8 ,697 ,000 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated........ ---------------- .. $2,870, 000-- $, 580, 275 Cost.--------------- 26,674 .------------ $982, 779 $1,678, 431 $182, 117 3,580,275 4. TEXAS CITY CHANNEL, TEX. Location. Texas City is on the mainland of Texas on the west side of Galveston Bay, about 10 miles northwest of the city of Galveston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 520 and 1282.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act ap- proved March 3, 1899, and enlarged by River and Harbor Act approved June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 328, 61st Cong., 2d sess.). For further details see page 1856, Annual Report for 1915, and page 858, Annual Report for 1938. RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 569 Existing project. This provides for a channel 36 feet deep at mean low tide and 400 feet wide on bottom from deep water in Galveston Harbor to the harbor at Texas City, a distance of about 61/2 miles, with a pile dike on its north side 28,200 feet long covered with clay and other material dredged from the channel with a harbor 1,000 feet wide on bottom and 36 feet deep at mean low tide extending approximately 4,250 feet to the southward of the south property line of the Monsanto Chemical Co., and for the construction of a rubble-mound dike a short distance south of the existing pile dike and extending between stations -1+600 (the shore) and 26+000, a distance of 27,600 feet. Under ordinary con- ditions the mean tidal range is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range is about 2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work is $3,201,100 (July 1954) ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $28,740 contributed by local interests. The latest approved esti- mate of cost of annual maintenance of the channel and dike is $164,000 (July 1954) exclusive of $632,500 (July 1954) estimated cost of rehabilitating rubble mound dike. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 4, 1913 A channel 300 feet wide and 30 feet deep and construc- H. Doc. 1390, 62d Cong., 3d sess. tion of a pile dike 28,200 feet long north of channel. July 3, 1930 For a harbor 800 feet wide and 30 feet deep at Texas H. Doc. 107, 71st Cong., 1st sess. City, and the construction of a rubble-mound dike. Aug. 30,19351 Extension of rubble-mound dike to the shore line-..... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 73d Cong., 1st sess. Do....... Deepening the channel and harbor to 32 feet........... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 46, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Do-....... Deepening the channel and harbor to 34 feet------.......---. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 62, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug, 26, 1937 An extension to the harbor, 1,000 feet southward, 800 Rivers and Harbors Committee feet wide and 34 feet deep, provided that no dredging Doc. 47, 75th Cong., 1st sess. be done by the United States within 75 feet of any pierhead line or structure. June 30, 1948 Deepen channel and harbor to 36 feet, widening H. Doc. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess. channel to 400 feet and harbor to 1,000 feet and (Contains latest published changing name of project to "Texas City Channel, map.) Tex.," provided no dredging be done by the United States within 50 feet of any existing pierhead, pierhead line, wharf, or structure. 1 Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. Under the provisions of the River and Har- bor Acts of August 26, 1937, and June 30, 1948, local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States necessary rights-of-way and suitable spoil disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance as required and release the United States from claims for damages attributable to the work of im- provement and furnish assurance satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will construct a common-carrier oil terminal substantially as proposed. None of these conditions have been complied with. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Modern terminal facilities, privately 570 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 owned, are located on the mainland at the inner end of this channel and are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series, No. 23, revised 1948, Corps of Engineers.) A sea train terminal, privately owned, was completed in 1940. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Condi- tion surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $6,463. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for dredging the Texas City Channel and Turning basin were made at a cost of $1,464 and work was done under the contract during the period from January 13 to February 25, 1954, removing 1,503,283 cubic yards of material from 31,753 linear feet of chan- nel at a cost of $104,947. The total cost for all work during the fiscal year was $112,874. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 72 percent complete. The work remaining consists of extending the turning basin 1,000 feet southward and enlarging the project, in- cluding the turning basin extension, to a depth of 36 feet over a bottom width of 400 feet in the channel and 1,000 feet in the turning basin. The channel and turning basin, except the author- ized extension referred to above, were completed in 1937 to a depth of 34 feet over bottom widths of 300 feet and 800 feet, respectively. The pile dike was completed in 1915; the rubble mound dike in 1934. The controlling depth in the channel was 35 feet and in the completed portion of the turning basin was 35 feet at mean low tide. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds-....-------------------------------------$2, 151, 680 $4, 342, 154 $6, 493, 834 Public works funds-. __----- ---- __136, 296 ............... 136, 296 Total United States funds---.............. ....... . 2, 287, 976 4, 342, 154 6, 630, 130 Contributed funds-..... ------------.--.---- -28, 741 --------------- 28, 741 Total all funds.........-----------------..........................---------------- 2,316,717 4, 342,154 6, 658,817 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, Includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 12 New work: Appropriated.....--------------------------------------------------------- $2, 654, 799 Cost-----.......-----......... --------------------- -------------- --------- ------------ 2,654, 799 Maintenance: Appropriated-------........ $166, 000 $5, 798 $129, 000 -$12, 130 $130, 200 4, 554, 984 Cost---------------- 167, 115 $5, 800 109, 797 6, 729 112,851 4, 537, 214 1Includes $366,823 for new work and $195,083 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $28,741 for new work was expended from contributed funds. ' Difference of $23 between F Y 54 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project........................................................ $913, 100 5. CHANNEL TO PORT BOLIVAR, TEX. Location. Port Bolivar is at the end of Bolivar Peninsula and 4 miles north of the city of Galveston. The channel connects the RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 571 port with the channel in Galveston Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 520.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1856, Annual Report for 1915, and page 860, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean low tide and 200 feet wide on bottom, beginning at deep water in Galveston Harbor and extending to a turning basin 1,600 feet long, with an average width of about 750 feet and 30 feet deep at mean low tide in front of the wharves. Under ordinary con- ditions the mean tidal range is about 1.3 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimated cost of new work is $156,500 (July 1954), ex- clusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of the channel and of a portion of the turning basin in front of the highway ferry landing to a depth of 20 feet over a bottom width of 200 feet is $14,500 (July 1954), these dimensions being sufficient to accom- modate existing commerce. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Excavation of a channel 30 feet deep and 200 feet wide H. Doc. 328, 61st Cong., 2d seas. with turning basin 1,000 feet square. Mar. 2,1919 Increase length of turning basin to 1,600 feet and H. Doc. 1122, 65th Cong., 2d sess. decrease width to about 750 feet. (Contains the latest published map.) Recommended modifications of project. Under date of June 24, 1926, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the project be curtailed by providing for a channel depth of 20 feet, 200 feet wide, with a turning basin of the same depth 500 feet square (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminals are privately owned and consist of two slips and two piers. The piers, 400 feet wide by 1,200 feet long and 210 feet wide by 1,200 feet long, are badly deteriorated and not in use. The slips are used as anchorages by shallow draft vessels. A highway ferry landing owned by the State of Texas is located at the south end of the turning basin. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $101. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications for dredging a portion of the turning basin in front of the high- way ferry landing were made at a cost of $550 and work was done under the contract during the period January 8 to 10, 1954, re- moving 69,387 cubic yards of material from 700 linear feet of chan- nel at a cost of $5,037. The total cost was $5,688. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 54 percent complete. The channel, 200 feet wide, and turning basin, 572 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS; U. S. ARMY, 1954 1,000 feet square, were completed in 1912. The work remaining consists of enlarging the turning basin to project dimensions. Project dimensions have not been maintained in the completed part since lesser dimensions are adequate for existing commerce. The controlling depths at mean low tide over usable widths were 20 feet in the channel, 7 feet in the turning basin at entrance to slip No. 3, and 13 feet in the channel to the State Highway ferry landing. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $695,- 907, of which $85,214 was for new work and $610,693 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated _--- --------- ------------ ------------ ------------_$133,925 ------------ Cost. . ----------- ..---------- ----------------------- ------------------------ 133, 925 Maintenance: Appropriated_-- .--- $- 750 $20, $8, 665 $4, 500 $470 $7, 000 658, 388 Cost----------------- 20, 541 5, 426 7,990 371 5,688 656, 794 1 Includes $48,711 for new work and $46,101 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-------------....................... ........ ..... $71,300 6. HOUSTON SHIP CHANNEL, TEX. Location. The channel connects Galveston Harbor, at a point opposite Port Bolivar, with the city of Houston, Tex., extending 50 miles in a northwesterly direction across Galveston Bay through the San Jacinto River and Buffalo Bayou to a turning basin at the head of Long Reach with a light draft channel 7 miles long from the turning basin to Main Street, Houston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 1282 and 532.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872, modified in 1877, and by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1879; March 3, 1899; February 20, 1900; March 3, 1905; and March 4, 1913. For further details see page 1856 of the An- nual Report for 1915 and page 862 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 36 feet deep at mean low tide from deep water in Galveston Bay to and including the Houston turning basin, with a width of 400 feet from Bolivar Roads to 5,000 feet above Baytown, thence 350 feet to the mouth of Boggy Bayou, thence 300 feet to the Houston turning basin (about 1,000 feet wide) ; for turning points at the mouth of Hunt- ing Bayou and at the lower end of Brady Island; for such off-chan- nel silting basins on any part of the waterway as the Chief of Engineers may consider advisable; and for suitable widening of the bends at Lynchburg, Norsworthy, Manchester, and Harris- burg. The project also provides for suitable widening of the chan- nel in front of the navigation district's wharf at Manchester; for certain cutoffs and easing of sharp bends; for construction of a dike 26,000 feet long to protect the channel in upper Galveston Bay; for a light draft extension of the channel 10 feet deep at mean RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 573 low tide and 60 feet wide, without easing the bends, through Buffalo Bayou from the turning basin to the mouth of White Oak Bayou in Houston, Tex.; and for a branch channel 10 feet deep at mean low tide and 60 feet wide in the old channel of Buffalo Bayou behind Brady Island. The mean tidal range under ordinary condtions is 0.6 foot to 1.3 feet in the lower part of Galveston Bay; 0.6 foot to 1.3 feet in the upper bay; and 0.5 foot to 1 foot in the San Jacinto River and Buffalo Bayou. The extreme ranges under ordinary conditions are about 2 feet, 1.2 feet, and 1 foot, respec- tively. Freshets sometimes cause rises of over 12 feet in Buffalo Bayou. The height of the tides, however, is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work is $17,406,000 (July 1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and exclusive of $1,365,000 contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $901,700 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 5, 1905 Easing or cutting off sharp bends and construction of Rivers and Harbors Committee a pile dike. Doc. 35, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1919 A channel 30 feet deep, widening bend at Manchester H. Doc. 1632, 65th Cong., 3d sess. and enlarging the turning basin. Mar. 3, 1925 A light-draft extension of the channel to the mouth of H. Doe. 93, 67th Cong., 1st sess. White Oak Bayou. July 3, 1930 Widening the channel through Morgan Point and to H. Doc. 13, 71st Cong., 1st seas. a point 4,000 feet above Baytown and widening certain bends. Aug. 30,19351 Deepening to 32 feet in the main channel and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin, and for a 400-foot width through Galveston Doc. 28, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Bay. Do...... Deepening to 34 feet in main channel and widening Rivers and Harbors Committee from Morgan Point to turning basin. Doc. 58, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1945 Branch channel2 10 feet deep and 60 feet wide behind H. Doc. 226, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Brady Island. Do - .... Widening the channel from Morgan Point to lower H. Doc. 256, 76th Cong., 1st sess. end of Fidelity Island with turning points at the mouth of Hunting Bayou and lower end of Brady Island.3 Do ....... Widening the channel from lower end of Fidelity H. Doc. 737, 79th Cong., 2d sess Island to Houston turning 3 basin and dredging off- channel silting basins. June 30, 1948 Deepening to 36 feet from Bolivar Roads to and in- H. Doc. 561, 80th Cong., 2d sess. cluding main turning basin at Houston, Tex., (Contains latest published including turning points at Hunting Bayou and map.) Brady Island.3 1 Previously authorized Sept. 6, 1933, by Public Works Administration. 2 No dredging within 15 feet of any wharf or structure. 8 No dredging within 50 feet of any wharf or structure. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for part of the work authorized by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1945, and June 30, 1948, which is subject to the provisions that local in- terests shall furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary rights-of-way for the widening and deepening of the channel and suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material during initial construction and for future maintenance as and when needed, and release the United States from all claims for damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. Release from dam- age liability has been accepted by the Secretary of the Army. 574 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation remaining consists of acquiring land easements from Green's Bayou to the turning basin at Houston, Tex. Terminal facilities. The city of Houston and the Harris County Houston Ship Channel Navigation District have constructed mod- ern terminals which supplement privately-owned wharves. The existing facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series No. 24 (revised 1948), Corps of Engineers.) Dock No. 9, 500 feet long, and dock No. 16, 598 feet long, have been built in the turning basin since 1948 by the navigation dis- trict for public use, and construction of dock No. 8, 624 feet long is completed and in public use since June 1954. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $39,793. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifica- tions for dredging the channel from Hunting Bayou to Sims Bayou were made at a cost of $3,205. A total of 3,907,231 cubic yards of material was removed from 43,856 linear feet of channel at a cost of $424,549, as follows: Government Cubic Linear feet plant or Location Period yards of channel Cost contract removed dredged .. Contract---------- .. Baytown to Lynchburg. July 1 to Sept. 1, 359, 539 18,000 $180, 666 2, 1953. Contract ...---------- Morgan Point to Baytown. Dec. 21, 1953 2, 547,692 25, 856 243,883 to Apr. 8, 1954. The total cost for the fiscal year was $467,547. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 78.9 percent complete. The 34-foot project was completed in 1941. The 36-foot project has been completed from Bolivar Roads to Green's Bayou. Work remaining consists of dredging light-draft extension of channel from the turning basin to the mouth of White Oak Bayou; constructing a dike 26,000 feet long to protect the completed chan- nel in upper Galveston Bay; dredging a light-draft channel be- hind Brady Island; and widening and deepening from Green's Bayou to the turning basin, including turning points at Hunting Bayou and Brady Island. The controlling depths at mean low tide were as follows: Bol- ivar Roads to Morgan Point, 35 feet; Morgan Point to Baytown, 36 feet; Baytown to Boggy Bayou, 35 feet; Boggy Bayou to Man- chester, 32 feet; Manchester to the turning basin, 34 feet; in the turning basin, 36 feet; light-draft channel from turning basin to mouth of White Oak Bayou, 6 feet; and channel behind Brady Island 5.0 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 575 New work Maintenance Total Regular funds_ .. .____ _______________$______ $10, 819, 405 $16, 828, 773 $27, 648, 178 P u b l i c wo rk s fu n ds . _. . . ... ....... -. 2 , 6 12, 9 3 2 . . 2, 6 12, 932 Total United States funds .... 13, 432, 337 16, 828, 773 30, 261, 110 Contributed funds- - . -.. -.... . . ......... 1,365, 000 ............... 1, 365, 000 Total all funds _._.. ____________________........ 14, 797, 337 16, 828, 773 31, 626, 110 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 s New work: Appropriated-........ $1, 250,000 $800, 000 $909, 000 -$27, 000 -$8, 198 $17, 537, 494 Cost----------- --- 1, 207, 093 1, 083, 008 578, 167 596, 680 ------------ _17, 537, 494 Maintenance: Appropriated --------..... 796, 000 888,812 993, 000 202, 900 585, 270 18, 301, 129 Cost.............---------------- 411,723 589,162 1, 023, 671 715,192 3 467, 787 18, 042,155 1 Includes $4,105,157 for new work and $1,213,142 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $2,574,179 for new work and $200,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. SDifference of $240 between F Y 54 costs shown above and that shown in'"Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project ..__...$............................ $3,963,400 7. DOUBLE BAYOU, TEX. Location. This bayou enters upper Galveston Bay on the east side about 30 miles north of Galveston and about 81/4 miles south of Anahuac. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. The existing project provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide through the bar at the mouth of Double Bayou. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.5 foot and the extreme range is about 1.2 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the winds, and, during strong "northers" in the winter season, the water surface may be depressed 11/2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $12,000 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1899 (H. Doc. 387, 55th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities on this waterway are confined to small wharves for local use and an oil dock. They are considered adequate for the present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,164. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifi- cations for dredging the channel were made at a cost of $321. The total cost for the fiscal year was $1,485. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1941. The controlling depth was 4 feet at mean low tide. Sig 19--575.606 576 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $217,- 816, of which $10,310 was for new work and $207,506 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--.------------------------ ----------------------------------- $10,310 ..- ....--------------------------------------------- ------------ Cost---- ------- 10,10 Maintenance: Appropriated-__ --- -$2, 000 $18. 925 -$500 $920 $22, 900 229, 169 Cost ..---..----------- ......------------ 18, 507 455 710 11,481 207, 502 1Difference of $4 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. 8. ANAHUAC CHANNEL, TEX. Location. The town of Anahuac is on the northeast side of upper Galveston or Trinity Bay, opposite the mouth of the Trinity River, 38 miles north of Galveston and 25 miles northeast of Sea- brook. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. There is no definite project for this channel. The River and Harbor Act approved March 3, 1905, contained an item for "Improving West Galveston Bay Channel, Double Bayou, and mouths of adjacent streams, including Trinity River, Anahuac Channel, and Cedar Bayou," but at the time of the appropriation no recommendation of definite channel dimensions had been made to Congress. A channel 6 feet deep at mean low tide and 80 feet wide was dredged in 1905 from Galveston Bay to the wharves at Anahuac, a distance of 16,000 feet. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.75 foot and the extreme range is about 1.2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 11/2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $33,800 (July 1954). The latest published map is contained in House Document No. 440, 56th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities are at Anahuac and consist of several small privately owned wharves and slips for local use. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $246. A total of 177,107 cubic yards of material was removed by contract from 11,280 linear feet of channel dur- ing the period from December 17, 1953, to January 29, 1954, at a cost of $34,194. The total cost for the fiscal year was $34,440. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1911. The controlling depth was 6 feet at mean low tide. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $595,195, of which $5,975 was for new work and $589,220 was for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 577 Cost and fnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated --- ----------------------------------------------------------- $5, 975 Cost_--------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------ 5,975 Maintenance: Appropriated ------ $12, 500 $15, 926 $27, 300 -$2, 500 $34, 140 589, 229 Cost--- --- ----------- 44, 550 19, 270 1,291 27, 431 134, 439 589, 219 ]Difference of $1 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. 9. TRINITY RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, TEX. Location. This river rises in north-central Texas and flows southeasterly about 760 miles, discharging into Galveston Bay, 37 miles northeasterly from Galveston (U. S. Geological Survey base map, Texas, scale 1:500,000). Previous projects. The project outlined in House Document No. 409, 56th Congress, 1st session, was adopted in part by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, March 3, 1905, March 2, 1907, June 25, 1910, July 25, 1912, March 4, 1913, and July 27, 1916, each of which acts authorized the construction of certain named locks and dams. The portion of the project relating to locks and dams construction was abandoned by the River and Har- bor Act of September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1113 of Annual Report for 1921, and page 986 of Annual Report for 1932. Existing project. With abandonment of the lock and dam con- struction, the improvement: of the Trinity River by a channel 6 feet deep and of navigable width from the mouth to Liberty (river mile 41.4) was left as the existing project, being continued as provided for in the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. The existing project was modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, which approved a comprehensive plan of develop- ment of the Trinity River and tributaries, Tex., in accordance with the recommendations set forth in House Document No. 403, 77th Congress, 1st session, subject to such future modifications as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army may be advisable. That comprehensive plan of devel- opment provided for a navigable channel from a point in Galveston Bay at the Houston Ship Channel to a terminus at Fort Worth, Tex. Such navigable channel was to be not less than 9 feet in depth, and to have a minimum bottom width of 200 feet in Galves- ton Bay and 150 feet in the river section on tangents, with shunt- ing places and suitable widening on curves, and with a turning basin at Liberty. The navigation locks would have clear inside dimensions of 75 feet by 400 feet. The 1945 act, however, author- ized for construction at this time only that portion of the channel as far upstream as Liberty, Tex. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, further modified the comprehensive plan for the Trinity River Basin development so as to locate the section of the navigation channel below Ana- 578 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS U. S:. ARMY, 1954 huac nearer the eastern shore of Trinity Bay, in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Docu- ment No. 634, 79th Congress, 2d session. This modification pro- vides for a navigation channel 9 feet deep and 150 feet wide from the Houston Ship Channel near Red Fish Reef along the easterly shore of Galveston Bay with a protective embankment to the mouth of the Trinity River near Anahuac. The estimated Federal cost of this portion of the comprehensive plan below Liberty is $7,750,000 (1949), exclusive of amounts ex- pended on previous projects. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and operation is $120,000 (July 1954). The latest published maps are contained in House Document No. 634, 79th Congress. The estimated first cost to the United States of the approved comprehensive plan for canalization to Fort Worth is $96 million (1939 prices), with $1,760,000 annually for maintenance and operation. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range in the bay is from about 0.6 foot to about 1.2 feet. The height of tide is depend- ent largely on the wind, and during strong northerly winds in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 1.5 feet below mean low tide. Local cooperation. The work recommended in House Document 403, 77th Congress, is authorized subject to the conditions that local interests furnish necessary rights-of-way, suitable areas for disposal or dredging material, and make necessary changes in utilities crossing the natural river channel below Liberty; and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities on the waterway, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages that may result from construction and operation of the improve- ments. Local interests have not complied with conditions of local co- operation for the portion of the channel from Anahuac to Liberty, but have fully complied with the conditions contained in House Document 634, 79th Congress, 2d session, for the completed por- tion of the channel below Anahuac. Terminal facilities. There are five wharves on this river be- tween the mouth and a point 38 miles upstream at Liberty, Tex. Four range from 10 to 20 feet in length; the fifth, at Liberty, is 150 feet in length. All are privately owned, and usage is free at all except one. One has a hand derrick; the other four have no freight handling facilities. They have no physical connection with any railroad. They are adequate for the existing commerce, and there is ample room for future enlargement. The Texas Gulf Sulphur Co. has constructed a channel 12.5 feet deep, 100 feet wide, and 4,500 feet long from mile 11.1 on the Trinity River to a slip 12.5 feet deep, 380 feet wide, and 1,320 feet long, with terminal and transfer facilities for the unloading of sulphur from the Moss Bluff mines. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,111. The removal of snags and logs from the RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 579 river section of the channel to Liberty between Anahuac and Wallisville with hired labor and Government plant was performed at a cost of $2,565. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications were made at a cost of $422. A total of 25,637 cubic yards of ma- terial was removed under contract from mile 9.9 to mile 10.4 of the river section of the Channel to Liberty during the period February 1 to 9, 1954, at a cost of $7,948. The total cost for the fiscal year was $12,046. Condition at end of fiscal year. The navigation channel below Liberty, Tex., is 13 percent complete. The original project was completed in 1925. The channel from its junction with the Houston Ship Channel to a point 1 mile below Anahuac, Tex., has been dredged to a depth of 9 feet below mean low tide over a bottom width of 150 feet. The controlling depth between the Houston Ship Channel and a point 1 mile below Anahauc, Tex., was 2.5 feet at mean low tide. The controlling depth between the mouth of the Trinity River and mile 28.5 was 7 feet, and 3 feet thence to Lib- erty. Authorized construction remaining under the comprehen- sive plan consists of completing that portion of the navigation channel from 1 mile below Anahuac to Liberty, Tex. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $1,271,234, of which $1,042,660 was for new work and $228,574 was for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- Ing fiscal years 1 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 2 New work: Appropriated $167, 000 -$39, 570 -$6, 525 $2, 933, 066 Cost.. - _ _........ 768, 507 106, 000 6, 913 $1, 195 2, 933, 066 Maintenance: Appropriated _ ........ ,__ 11, 984 17, 460 42, 555 $5, 900 774, 456 Cost..............-. ..... ... I 11, 204 4, 502 47, 927 i 12, 048 772, 238 1Includes $1,956,406 for new work and $543,662 for maintenance for previous projects. SIn addition, $66,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. $ Difference of $2 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project --......... --------------------...................... $6,707,339 10. CEDAR BAYOU, TEX. Location. This bayou is about 30 miles long. It flows to the south and empties into the northwest corner of upper Galveston Bay, about 112 miles below the mouth of San Jacinto River and about 281/ miles north of Galveston, Tex. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890, and July 13, 1892. For further details see page 869, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 10 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide from the Houston Ship Channel to a point on the bayou, 11 miles above the mouth. The project also includes the jetties at the mouth of the bayou provided for under the previous project. Under ordinary conditions the mean 580 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tidal range is about 0.6 foot and the extreme range 1.2 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be de- pressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work is $41,700 (July 1954), ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and $25,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $33,000 (July 1954). The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (S. Doc. 107, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in this document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act, approved July 3, 1930, provides that local interests shall contribute 50 percent of the estimated first cost of the improvement, but not to exceed $25,- 000, and shall furnish, without cost to the United States, all neces- sary easements, rights-of-way, and dumping grounds. These conditions have not been completely met, but local inter- ests have complied with all the necessary requirements to complete the channel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of a few small wharves, privately owned, for local use located at various places along Cedar Bayou, an oil loading wharf owned by the Atlantic Pipe Line Co. located one-half mile above the mouth of the bayou, and an oil loading wharf owned by the Sinclair-Prairie Oil Co. located 11 miles above the mouth of the bayou. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $561. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 37.7 percent complete. The channel was completed in 1931 to project dimensions from the Houston Ship Channel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth. Two brush and stone jet- ties have been constructed at the mouth of Cedar Bayou. Work remaining consists of dredging the channel to project dimensions from the first bend above the mouth to a point 11 miles above the mouth. The controlling depths at mean low tide were 9 feet from Houston Ship Channel to the first bend in Cedar Bayou above the mouth and 6 feet thence to a point in the bayou 11 miles above the mouth. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds......---------------------------------------- $12, 575 $378, 655 $391, 230 Contributed funds...------------------------------------- 12, 576 - -12, 576 Total..................-------------------------------------------.. 25,151 378,655 403,806 RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 581 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated-- .--- -- ------------.........- ............ ............ ............--- $51, 663 ---- Cost-----------------------....-----------------------------------------......... ............ 51, 663 Maintenance: Appropriated- -- $10, 000 $50, 673 $1, 200 $66, 535 $1 200 450,025 Cost--------------- 33,053 51, 618 750 66,045 558 448,437 'Includes $39,087 for new work and $69,784 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, $12,576 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 1 Difference of $3 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project....----- ...--------.......--..........-............-----....-----. $12,570 11. CLEAR CREEK AND CLEAR LAKE, TEX. Location. Clear Creek has its source about 13 miles south of Houston, Tex., and flows southeast for a distance of about 25 miles, emptying into the west side of upper Galveston Bay at a point 24 miles northwest of Galveston, Tex. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep at mean low tide and 75 feet wide from deep water in Galveston Bay to a new entrance to Clear Creek, and a channel 7 feet deep and 60 feet wide in Clear Creek and Clear Lake to the county highway bridge at League City. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 0.8 foot and the extreme range is 1.4 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be de- pressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,200 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 A channel 4 feet deep and 50 feet wide--------------................ H. Doc. 449, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Enlargement of the channel to depth of 6 feet and H. Doc. 264, 73d Cong., 2d sess. width of 60 feet. Mar. 2, 1945 Realinement, enlargement, and extension of the chan- H. Doec. 319, 77th Cong., 1st sess. nel to the highway bridge near League City. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small pri- vately owned wharves for local use located at the town of Sea- brook, at the mouth of the creek, and at various points along the length of the waterway. They are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,504. 582 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted June 14, 1950. The controlling depth at mean low tide was 5 feet to the upper entrance to Clear Creek, thence natural dimen- sions of the creek upstream to the end of the project which are considered adequate for existing traffic. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $170,736, of which $66,934 was for new work and $103,802 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .-- $54, 700 -- $9, 057 - -- - - $66, 934 Cost ...-------------- -45643- 66, 934 Appropriated __ _ -255 -1, $---270 $1, 800 104, 282 Cost__.... .___..____ I 313, .. ... .... .. . i 1, 086 11, 343 103, 641 1Difference of $161 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. 12. DICKINSON BAYOU, TEX. Location. This bayou enters Galveston Bay on the west side about 20 miles northwest of Galveston. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1282.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 6 feet deep at mean low tide and 60 feet wide along the present route from the natural 6-foot depth in Galveston Bay through Dickinson Bay and Dickinson Bayou to the Galveston, Houston & Henderson Railroad bridge at Dickinson, Tex. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1 foot and the extreme range about 1.4 feet. The height of tides is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 21/2 feet below mean low tide. The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,300 (July 1954). Authority for the original dimensions (4 by 50 feet) of this channel is explained in the Annual Report for 1931, page 1093. The River and Harbor Act approved June 20, 1938, authorized the present project dimensions (H. Doc. 568, 75th Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map is in this document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small pri- vately owned wharves for local use. They are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $197. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940. The controlling depth was 6 feet at mean low tide. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $91,401, of which $33,942 was for new work and $57,459 was for mainte- nance. RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 583 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ _ - $33, 942 Cost .... ------------ ------- ------------ 33,942 Maintenance: Appropriated........ -$361 __ - $670 57,553 Cost ............... .. ..------------ 132 - 379 1$198 57, 460 1 Difference of $1 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. 13. CHOCOLATE BAYOU, TEX. Location. The source of the bayou is about 25 miles southwest of Houston and the mouth is in Chocolate Bay, an arm of West Galveston Bay, about 12 miles north of San Luis Pass and 28 miles west of Galveston. It is tidal throughout its length, and the lowest stages occur during the winter season. The authorized section extends from the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Chocolate Bay to the mouth of the bayou, a distance of about 5.6 miles. Existing project. The existing project, adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 445, 56th Cong., 1st sess.) ; modified by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 337, 76th Cong., 1st sess.) ; and further modified by the River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 768, 80th Cong., 2d sess.), provides for a channel 4 feet deep at mean low tide and 100 feet wide through Chocolate Bay to the extent necessary to afford a connection between Chocolate Bayou and the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1 foot and the extreme range about 11/2 feet. The height of tide is largely dependent on the force and direction of the wind and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimate of cost of new work is $54,000 (July 1954). The latest approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $11,400 (July 1954). The latest published map is contained in House Document No. 768, 80th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small pri- vately owned wharves located at various points along the bayou. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $277. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 12 percent complete. The controlling depth in the channel from its confluence with the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway through Choco- late Bay to the mouth of the Bayou was 4 feet at mean low tide over a bottom width of 60 feet. The total cost for the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $71,950, of which $6,512 was for new work and $65,438 was for maintenance. 584 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated,-------------------- -- ------------ --------------------- - $6, 512 Cost----------------------------------------------- ----------------------- 6,512 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... - - $33, 000 -$1, 663----...--------.. $920 65, 505 Cost.... .........-----------------..31, 337 ..-- ..---------------------......... 576 $277 65, 438 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project------.......---...-..... $47,500 ......... ....... .........-------------- 14. FREEPORT HARBOR, TEX. Location. This harbor is formed by the improvement of the Brazos River, Tex., from the mouth to Freeport, about 6 miles above. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 525.) The mouth of the Brazos River is about 47 miles southwest of Galveston Harbor entrance and about 137 miles northeast of Aransas Pass (Port Aransas). Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Act of June 14,1880. For further details see page 1860 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 872 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a project depth of 38 feet at mean low tide in the outer bar channel from that depth in the Gulf of Mexico to a point within the jetties; thence 36 feet in the authorized channels and basins to and including the upper: turning basin about one-half mile below the Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, with two turning basins, one 700 by 700 feet at Brazosport and one 600 by 600 feet at the upper end of the channel, the channel to have a width of 300 feet seaward of the jettied entrance, 200 feet from the jettied entrance to the Brazosport turning basin, widened at the bend, and averaging 375 feet, thence to the upper turning basin; the widths in the approaches to the turning basins to converge within a distance of 800 feet from the width of the turning basin to the width of the channel; and for the extension of the channel with a depth of 30 feet and a width of 200 feet to and including a turning basin, 500 by 500 feet, near the, Stauffer Chemical Co. plant at Freeport, when required in the interests of commerce and navigation. The work is to be accomplished as may be found desirable, by dredging, by jetties at the mouth of the harbor, and by a diversion dam in the Brazos River, a diversion channel, and necessary auxiliary works in general accordance with plan No. 6, as proposed by the district engineer, together with a lock in the diversion dam, approximately 200 feet long, 55 feet wide and 121/2 feet deep over the miter sills. The River and Har- bor Act of July 3, 1930, modified the act of March 3, 1925, so as to provide that when local interests shall have furnished assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will maintain the diversion channel, the United States shall assume the cost of maintenance of the navigable channel, estimated at $75,000 annually, including care and operation of the lock, if provided (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 18, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 585 Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1.5 feet and the extreme range about 21/2 feet. Freshets in the river, except under extreme conditions, do not cause a greater variation in the water surface than the tidal action. The estimated cost of new work is $1,692,700 (July 1954), ex- clusive of $758,300 contributed funds and $1,299,700 remaining to be contributed by local interests upon request. The latest ap- proved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $286,300 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Dredging and such other work as may be deemed Specified in act. most effective in the judgment of the Secretary of War in improving and developing the harbor; for taking over the jetties :and other privately built works at the mouth of the river. Mar. 2, 1907 Examination authorized. The work was subsequently H. Dec. 1087, 60th Cong., 2d sess. confined to maintenance of the jetties. Feb. 27, 1911 Repairs to jetties ariddreding...... ......-- ........ Specified in act. Mar. 4, 1913. Construction of a seagoing hopper dredge, 1 the cost Do. to be charged to this' improvement and 1 to Aran- sas Pass. Aug. 8, 1917 Purchase. of one 15-inch pipeline dredge and equip- H.Doc. 1469, 63d Cong., 3d seas. ment, its operation for an experimental- period of 3 years,.the operation of the seagoing dredge 3 time for 3 years, and repairs to the jetties. Mar. 3, 1925 Diversion dam, diversion channel, and necessary Rivers and Harbors Committee auxiliary works. Doc. 10, 68th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Maintenance of the diversion channel at the expense Rivers and Harbors Committee of local interest. Doc. 18, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,19351 Dredging the channels and turning basins to greater Rivers and Harbors Committee depths. (Project completed to within 3 mile of Doc. 15, 72d Cong., 1st sess. the upper limit of the channel with Public Works Administration funds and contributed funds.) Do....... Maintenance of the present project dimensions of the Rivers and Harbors Committee channels and turning basins at Federal expense. Docs. 15, 72d Cong., 1st sess., and 29,2 73d Cong., 2d sess. May 17, 1950 Deepening outer bar channel to 38 feet, mean low H. Doc. 195,2 81st Cong., 1st sess. tide, from the Gulf to a point within the jetties; thence 36 feet in the authorized channels to and including the upper turning basin. 1Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. All required local cooperation has been fully complied with, except the contribution toward the cost of extension of the channel to Freeport, which has not been requested (River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1925). Construction of a lock in the diversion dam (River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1925) ; and local cooperation requirements for work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 195, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of small pri- vately owned wharves. Other facilities privately owned are one sulfur loading dock, three oil docks, an acid dock, and two shell unloading docks. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. The Brazos River Harbor Navigation District plans to open in October 1954 a 200- by 2,500-foot entrance channel to a 600- by 650-foot turning basin with a 650-foot steel and concrete dock and a 150- by 396-foot transit shed over rail facilities permitting all- weather work without damage to cargo. 586 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $12,891. Preliminary surveys, plans and speci- fications for the construction of hopper dredge range towers were made at a cost of $317. A total of 816,611 cubic yards of material was removed from a total of 24,300 linear feet of channel at a cost of $185,576, as follows: Government Cubic Linear feet plant or Location Period yards of channel Cost contract removed dredged Government hop- Sea bar and jetty channel. Julyl4toAug. 428, 638 12, 200 $68, 175 per dredge 16, 1953. .4. Mackenzie. Do -----------.............---.... do _ ...---------------- Oct.17 to Nov. 234, 000 3, 400 55, 937 16, 1953. Do.........-------------......-do ..........------------------- Mar. 9 to Apr. 153, 973 8, 700 61, 464 5, 1954. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $198,784. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 52.7 percent complete. The existing project has been improved to a depth of 32 feet to and including the upper turning basin. The work remaining consists of deepening the channel to and including the turning basin near Stauffer Chemical Co. plant and construct- ing a lock in the diversion dam in the old Brazos River. The con- trolling depth at mean low tide in the various channels and turning basins (middle half of channel), were as follows: Channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico to seaward end of jetty, 32 feet; channel from seaward end of jetty to Brazosport turning basin, 29 feet; Brazosport turning basin, 32 feet; channel from Brazosport turning basin to upper turning basin, 33 feet; upper turning basin, 32 feet; channel from upper turning basin to Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, 19 feet; and turning basin at Stauffer Chemical Co. plant, 20 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds....-----------...................-----........-------------------......... $1, 101, 062 $4, 136, 421 $5, 237, 483 Public works funds-----------................-------------------------........................ 116, 575 -116, .............. 575 Total United States Funds....------------------------ 1, 217, 637 4, 136, 421 5,354, 058 Contributed funds......------------------------------------ 758,303 ------ 758, 303 Total all funds...............--------------------------------- 1, 975, 940 4, 136, 421 6, 112, 361 RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 587 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 2 New work: Appropriated....---------------------------------------------------------- $1, 364, 735 Cost----....-- ------------------------------------------------------------ 1, 364, 735 Maintenance: Appropriated-----........ $265, 000 $131, 603 $143, 711 $320, 792 $191, 600 4, 141, 998 Cost---------------- 252, 504 144, 166 139, 516 312, 245 '198, 760 4, 136, 397 1 Includes $147,098 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition, $758,303 for new work was expended from contributed funds. * Difference of $24 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to under-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project . -............... ............. $474,700 15. CHANNEL FROM PASS CAVALLO TO PORT LAVACA, TEX. Location. The bar at Pass Cavallo is 125 miles southwest of Galveston entrance and 54 miles north of Aransas Pass. Port Lavaca lies 26 miles to the northwest of the pass, across Matagorda and Lavaca Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Chart No. 1117.) Existing project. This provides for a depth of 9 feet and a width of 100 feet from Lynns Bayou at Port Lavaca, Tex., to deep water in Matagorda Bay near Port O'Connor, Tex., a distance of about 11 miles; for a channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide from Port Lavaca via Lavaca Bay, Lavaca, and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff about mile 3 on the Navidad River, a total distance of 20 miles; and for a harbor of refuge 9 feet deep near Port Lavaca with an approach channel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 1 foot and the extreme range about 2 feet. The height of tide is dependent largely on the wind, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed 2 feet below mean low tide. The estimate of cost for new work is $457,000 (July 1954). The latest approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $49,- 700 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel to Port Lavaca, Tex., 7 feet deep and 80 feet H. Doc. 1082, 60th Cong., 2d sess. bottom width. Aug. 30, 1935 Extension of 7-foot channel to the shore line of Lavaca Rivers and Harbors Committee Bay at the mouth of Lynns Bayou. Doc. 28, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Deepen and widen channel to present project dimen- Rivers and Harbors Committee sions. Doc. 37, 75th Cong., 1st sess.1 Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of the channel 6 feet deep and 100 feet wide H. Doc. 314, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' from Port Lavaca by way of Lavaca Bay, Lavaca and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff, a distance of 20 miles. Do-....... To provide a harbor of refuge 9 feet deep near Port H. Doc. 731, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Lavaca and an approach channel 100 feet wide and equal depth. 1 Contain latest published maps. 588. REPORT OF CHIEF :OF ENGINEERS,: U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Under the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary land, easements, and rights-of-way and suitable spoil disposal areas for the initial construction and subsequent maintenance when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages that may result from the con- struction and maintenance of the project; and provide necessary mooring facilities to which all vessels shall have free and equal access during storm periods, none of which has been complied with. Requirements under prior acts have been complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities consist of several privately owned piers and three privately owned slips at Port Lavaca, and a municipally owned wharf, turning basin, one oil dock, and refrigerated seafood processing and packing plant at the mouth of Lynns Bayou. The municipally owned facilities are open to the general public and are adequate for existing commerce. In addition, there is a privately owned channel, turning basin with private wharves, oil dock, and loading facilities owned by Alumi- num Co. of America at Point Comfort, Tex. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $3,379. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifi- cations for dredging between Lynns Bayou and Magnolia Beach were made at a cost of $2,218 and 381,303 cubic yards of material were removed from 35,500 linear feet of channel during the period from January 27 to February 22, 1954 at a cost of $30,267. The total cost for the fiscal year was $35,864. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 27 percent complete. The channel from the 9-foot contour in Mata- gorda Bay to the mouth of Lynns Bayou was completed in 1939. The work remaining consists of dredging the channel through Lavaca Bay and the Lavaca and Navidad Rivers to Red Bluff on the Navidad River and dredging the harbor of refuge and approach channel at Port Lavaca. The controlling depth at mean low water in the completed channel was 9.1 feet. The total cost of the exist- ing project to June 30, 1954, was $525,100, of which $125,494 was for new work and $399,606 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ---- - ------------ -------------------------------------------- $125, 494 Cost---.........-- ---------------------------- ----------- ----------- ------------ 125, 494 Maintenance: Appropriated ....- - -- $1, 500 -$1, 089 $52, 300 -$9, 460 $35, 700 399, 679 Cost---------- ------ 60, 375 1, 438 39, 438 3, 227 1 35, 874 399, 616 1 Difference of $10 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project..----------............................------------................. $331, 500 RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 589 16. PORT ARANSAS-CORPUS CHRISTI WATERWAY, TEX.: Location. This is a consolidation of the old improvements of Port Aransas, Tex., and the channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi, Tex. Aransas Pass is on the southern portion of the coast of Texas, 180 miles southwest of Galveston and 132 miles north of the mouth of the Rio Grande. Aransas Pass connects Corpus Christi Bay and Aransas Bay with the Gulf of Mexico. The water- way extends from deep water in the Gulf through the Aransas Pass jettied entrance, thence westerly 203/%miles to and including a turning basin at Corpus Christi, thence westerly 13/4 miles through the Industrial Canal to and including the turning basin a Avery Point, thence westerly 41/4 miles to and including a turn- ing basin near Tule Lake. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 523, 1285 and 1286.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Aransas Pass (Port Aransas) was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. The improvement was taken over by the Aransas Pass Harbor Co. on June 30, 1890, under authority of the act of May 12, 1890. This company relinquished its rights to the United States on March 27, 1899. The channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi was first improved under the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1861 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 877 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project dimensions provided for in the various channels and basins comprising this waterway are shown in the following tabulation: Adopted project dimensions Section of the Port Aransas-Corpus Depth in Christi Waterway, Tex. feet below Bottom width in feet mean low Gulf level Aransas Pass outer bar-----------.............. 700,,,--------------.......................----------------- 38 Aransas Pass jetty channel--------.......... 600 from inner end to opposite station 90, north jetty, (1) thence increasing to 700 at outer end of jetty. Inner basin at Harbor Island-..... -650 by southerly 1,000 long---------------------------- 36 650 by northerly 2,000 long_---..... --... -.... -...... 30 Channel to town of Port Aransas.._ 100.................................................... 12 Channel from Port Aransas to Cor- 400.............------------------------......----------------------- 36 pus Christi turning basin. Corpus Christi turning basin-...... 1,000 by 5,500 long (includes approach to turning basin). 36 Industrial Canal...............----------------.... 200 ......------------------------..............- 36 Turning basin at Avery Point-----..1,000 by 1,200 long----------------------------------- 36 Channel to vicinity of Tule Lake-_. 200------------------------------------------36 Turning basin near Tule Lake-..... 900 by 1,000 long .................................-... 36 feet from inner end to opposite station 90, north Jetty, increasing to 38 feet at outer end of jetty. S36 The project also provides for two rubblestone jetties at Aransas Pass entrance, extending into the gulf from St. Joseph and Mus- tang Islands, the project lengths of which are 11,190 and 8.650 feet, respectively. The project further provides for a stone dike on St. Joseph Island about 19,100 feet long connecting with the north jetty and extending up this island to prevent a channel being cut around the jetty. Under ordinary conditions, the mean tidal range at Aransas Pass is about 1.1 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet, and at Corpus 590 :REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Christi the mean range about 1 foot and the extreme about 1 i feet. The heights of tides are dependent largely on the strength and directions of winds, and during strong "northers" in the winter season the water surface may be depressed as much as 3 feet below mean low Gulf level. The estimated cost for new work, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and exclusive of $216,400 contributed by local interests, is $30,999,000 (July 1954). The latest approved estimated for annual cost of maintenance is $773,600 (July 1954) (exclusive of $5,195,000 (July 1954) estimated cost of rehabilitat- ing jetties). The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents i_ Mar. 3, 1899Acquisition of the old curved portion of the north Specified in act. jetty previously constructed by private parties. June 13, 1902 Completion of north jetty in accordance with the plans Do. Mar. 3, 1905 of its builders. Mar. 2, 1907 Connection of old curved jetty to St. Joseph Island, Rivers and Harbors Committee and construction of south jetty. Doec. 5, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Feb. 27, 1911 Dredging roadstead in Harbor Island Basin to depth H. Doc. 1094, 61st Cong., 3d ses. of 20 feet and construction of 10,000 linear feet of the stone dike on St. Joseph Island. Mar. 4, 1913 Deepening of channel between jetties and the Harbor H. Doe. 1125, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Island Basin to depth of 25 feet, extension of jetties seaward, extension of dike on St. Joseph Island 9,100 feet, and dredging the approach channel 12 feet deep to town of Port Aransas. Sept. 22, 1922 Dredging channel from Aransas Pass to Corpus H. Doc. 321, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Christi, 25 feet deep, 200 feet bottom width. July 3, 1930 Deepening entrance channel from Gulf of Mexico to H. Doc. 214, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Harbor Island and provision of an inner basin at Harbor Island of reduced area but greater depth. Do Aransas Pass to Corpus Christi Channel with depth Rivers and Harbors Committee of 30 feet. Doc. 9, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19351 Enlarging all channels from the Gulf to the western Rivers and Harbors Committee end of basin dredged by Humble Oil & Refining Doc. 35, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Co. at its docks on Harbor Island, with Public and 40, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Works Administration funds. Do -- --- Maintenance of channel and maneuvering basin be- H. Doc. 130, 72d Cong., 1st sess. tween breakwater and western shoreline of Corpus Christi Bay. Do ------ Maintenance to 30 feet depth, except on strips lying Rivers and Harbors Committee 50 feet channelward of any established pierhead lines Doc. 13, 74th Cong., 1st sess. or within 50 feet of the foot of any wharf or structure of the approach channel, turning basin at Corpus Christi, Industrial Canal and turning basin at Avery Point. Do ... Maintenance and deepening to 32 feet of the channel Rivers and Harbors Committee from deep water at Port Aransas to and including Doec. 63, 74th Cong., 1st sess. the turning basin at Corpus Christi. June 20, 1938 Extend the main turning basin at Corpus Christi H. Doc. 574, 75th Cong., 3d sess. westward 2,500 feet at its present width and depth, deepen the existing Industrial Canal and turning basin to 32 feet and for the extension of this canal at a depth of 32 feet and general width of 150 feet, westward along Nueces Bay shore to a turning basin 32 feet deep, 900 feet wide, and 1,000 feet long near Tule Lake. Mar. 2, 1945 To provide a depth of 34 feet in all project channels H. Doc. 544, 78th Cong., 2d seas. and basins from Port Aransas to and including the Tule Lake turning basin, for a width of 250 feet from Port Aransas to the breakwater at Corpus Christi, for a width of 200 feet in the Industrial Canal and in the channel between the Avery Point and Tule Lake turning basins, and for widening the Avery Point turning basin to 1,000 feet. June 30, 1948 Deepen entrance channel to 38 feet from Gulf to outer H. Doc. 560, 80th Cong., 2d sess. end of jetty; 38 feet decreasing to 36 feet thence to (Contains the latest published station 90, north jetty; and 36 feet in all other deep map.) water channels and basins except 2,000-foot un- dredged part of inner basin at Harbor Island, and for a width of 400 feet in the channel from Port Aran- sas to the maneuvering basin at Corpus Christi. Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933, and Feb. 16, 1935. RIVERS AND HARBORS--GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 591 Recommended modifications of project. Under date of June 8, 1950, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the ex- isting project to provide for an anchorage basin 12 feet deep at mean low water, from 300 to 400 feet wide, and 900 feet long in Turtle Cove adjacent to the existing channel and turning basin at Port Aransas, Tex., with such modifications thereof as in the dis- cretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable at an estimated cost to the United States of $30,000 for new work and $1,000 an- nually for maintenance in addition to that now required (H. Doc. 654, 81st Cong., 1st. sess.). Under date of August 26, 1952, the Chief of Engineers recom- mended that the project be modified by providing for a branch channel 32 feet deep and 150 feet wide, extending northerly from the main channel in the vicinity of Port Ingleside, along the north shore of Corpus Christi Bay to the Reynolds Metals Co. plant and for a turning basin 32 feet deep and 800 feet square near the plant, in the general vicinity of La Quinta, Tex., with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be ad- visable at an estimated cost to the United States of $795,000 for new work, and $4,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required. (H. Doc. 89, 83d Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with except for the pro- visions of the River and Harbor Acts of June 20, 1938, March 2, 1945, and June 30, 1948, local interests being required to deepen and maintain at their own expense the channel through and for a distance of 50 feet on each side of the bridge at the entrance of the Corpus Christi turning basin, furnish, free of cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent main- tenance as and when required, and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and mainte- nance of the improvement: And provided further, That construc- tion of the extension from Avery Point to Tule Lake shall not be undertaken until and unless local interests furnish assurances sat- isfactory to the Secretary of the Army that bona fide arrange- ments have been made with various industries to guarantee addi- tional tonnage sufficient to warrant the construction and mainte- nance of that canal to any point up to and including the proposed turning basin near Tule Lake, none of which has been complied with, except that assurances and evidence of arrangements with industries to guarantee sufficient tonnage to warrant the improve- ment have been furnished and accepted for the extension from Avery Point to Tule Lake. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities located on Harbor Is- land at the head of Aransas Pass, Ingleside, Corpus Christi, La Quinta, and Avery Point are considered adequate for existing commerce. (See Port Series, No. 25, revised in 1948, Corps of Engineers.) The following changes were not incorporated in Port Series No: 25: Humble Oil and Refining Co., Port Ingleside Dock, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference 26, has been removed. Humble Pipe Line Co. barge dock at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Refer- 592 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ence No. 27, has been rebuilt. The reconstructed dock provides a berthing space of 450 feet with, dolphins. Humble Pipe Line Co. oil docks at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference Nos. 28 and 29 have been rebuilt. The reconstructed docks provide a berthing space of 1,600 feet, 800 feet at each dock, with dolphins. The Atlantic Pipe Line Co. oil dock at Harbor Island, Port Series No. 25 Map Reference No. 30 has been rebuilt. The reconstructed dock provides a berthing space of 845 feet, with dolphins. A pier with conveyors for handling bauxite and with berthing spaces for deep draft vessels of 700 feet on the upper side and 625 feet on the lower side has been constructed on the north shore of Corpus Christi Bay at La Quinta at the westerly end of a 32-foot by 125- foot private channel, 6 miles long, which joins the Port Aransas- Corpus Christi Waterway at a point opposite McGloins Bluff. An oil dock with 700 feet of berthing space, with dolphins, has been constructed on the south side of the industrial canal at Corpus Christi approximately midway between map reference Nos. 15 and 16, Port Series No. 25. A 2 million bushel grain elevator is located on the north side of the industrial canal at Corpus Christi about opposite the oil dock described above. The dock alongside the elevator provides 500 feet of berthing space, with dolphins. A barge channel has been constructed westward from Avery Point turning basin for a distance of 3.26 miles. A dock for handling bulk sulfuric acid with a berthing space of 200 feet, with dolphins, is located on the southerly side of the channel approximately 2 miles westerly from Avery Point. An oil dock with a berthing space of 180 feet, with dolphins, is located on the southerly side of the channel approximately 11/2 miles westerly from Avery Point. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $26,882. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifi- cations for repairs to the South Jetty were made at a cost of $3,919. Preliminary surveys, plans and specifications were made for driving reference line piling in the bay at a cost of $1,601. Costs for work under the contract during the period April 22 to May 4, 1954, amounted to $4,528. A total of 1,063,339 cubic yards of material was removed from 26,225 linear feet of channel and basins at a cost of $170,235, as follows: Government Cubic Linear feet plant or Location Period yards of channel Cost contract removed dredged Hopper dredge A. Sea bar and jetty channel. Nov. 17 to. 180, 972 7,125 $63,255 Mackenzie. Dec. 11, 1953. Do----------- Sea bar and jetty channel. May 4 to 15, 92, 199 2,600 27,921 1954. Contract __...... _ Bay channel, maneuvering Dec. 28, 1953 790,168 16, 500 79,059 basin and main turning to Jan. 27, basin. 1954. The total cost for the fiscal year was $207,165. RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 593 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 19.8 percent complete. The two jetties have been partially completed, the north jetty being 9,240 feet long and the south jetty 7,385 feet long. A stone dike 20,991 feet long connecting with the north jetty was completed on St. Joseph Island in 1916. The inner basin at Harbor Island has been dredged to 30 feet below mean low tide over an area 650 feet wide and about 1,000 feet long. The channel from the inner basin to town of "PortAransas was completed in 1914. The 34-foot project, except for the Tule Lake extension, was completed in 1946. In 1949 the Tule Lake extension was dredged to partial dimension with contributed funds. The work remaining consists of extending the north and south jetties; extending inner basin at Harbor Island; deepening the outer bar to 38 feet, the jetty channel to 36 and 38 feet, all other deep water channels, including the previously dredged part of the inner basin at Harbor Island, to 36 feet, widening to 400 feet from Port Aransas to the maneuvering basin at Corpus Christi; removing 200 feet of breakwater and completing channel from Avery Point turning basin to and including a turning basin near Tule Lake. Extension of the inner basin at Harbor Island and extension of the jetties are not required at the present time. The controlling depths below mean low tide in the various chan- nels and basins were as follows: Aransas Pass outer bar channel, 39 feet; Aransas Pass jetty channel, 36 feet; inner basin at Harbor Island 31 feet, exclusive of main channel; channel from inner basin to west end of Humble Oil & Refining Co. basin, 37 feet; channel to town of Port Aransas, 7 feet; turning basin at Port Aransas, 9 feet; channel from west end of Humble Oil & Refining Co. basin to Corpus Christi turning basin, 33 feet; Corpus Christi turning basin, 31 feet; industrial canal, 35 feet; Avery Point turn- ing basin, 36 feet; and channel from Avery Point turning basin to a point near the proposed Tule Lake turning basin, 12 feet. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds-....... , . ... . .. . . . . .. $5, 651, 471 $11, 138, 747 $16, 790, 218 Public works funds------------- ----------------------- 324, 287 .--------...-- 324, 287 Total United States funds.... _ _____________ ___ 5, 975, 758 11, 138, 747 17, 114, 505 Contributed funds_. ._ .__. __ ____________________ 216, 422 152, 555 368, 977 Total all funds-_---------------___________ _ - 6, 192, 180 11, 291, 302 17, 483, 482 594 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 195012 New work: Appropriated...------------------ ------- - ------------ .--------- $7, 348, 293 $------------ Cost .... -------.------------.------------.------------ .----------------------- 7, 348, 293 Maintenance: Appropriated .... $977, 000 $619, 238 * $279, 100 $326, 006 $677, 598 11, 680, 734 Cost---------------- 495, 914 1, 129, 950 380, 490 402, 927 207, 731 11, 201, 765 1 Includes $1,372,534 for new work and $62,452 for maintenance for previous projects. sIn addition, $216,422 for new work and $152,555 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. ' Difference of $566 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in " Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----.........--.-- 400, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ------------------------...... 24, 607,000 17. BRAZOS ISLAND HARBOR, TEX. Location. At the extreme south end of the coast of Texas, about 7 miles north of the mouth of the Rio Grande, and about 125 miles south of Port Aransas. The harbor is at the inner end of Brazos Santiago Pass, which lies between Brazos and Padre Islands, and is the natural outlet from the Laguna Madre to the Gulf of Mexico. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1288.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878, March 3, 1881, and March 2, 1919. For further details, see page 1017, Annual Report for 1932, and page 882, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for depths of 38 feet in the channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos Santiago Pass and 36 feet in all other channels and basins; and widths of 300 feet in the channel from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos Santiago Pass, 200 feet in the channel across Laguna Madre, 200 feet in the Port Isabel Channel includ- ing the "wye" junction with the Brownsville Channel, 200 feet in the Brownsville Channel for a distance of about 12.6 miles and 300 feet for a distance of about 1.4 miles; from 550 feet to 1,000 feet in the Brownsville turning basin from this point for a distance of 2,640 feet over a bottom width varying from 550 feet to 1,000 feet; for a small boat basin 12 feet deep, 300 feet wide and 1,500 feet in length with a connecting channel 12 feet deep and 125 feet wide adjacent to the existing Brownsville Channel; and for 36 feet in the Port Isabel turning basin for a distance of 2,900 feet over a bottom width varying from 200 feet at its entrance to 1,000 feet, connecting with the existing turning basin. All depths refer to mean low tide. The project also provides for two jetties at the Brazos Santiago Pass entrance. Under ordinary conditions the mean tidal range is about 11/2 feet and the extreme range about 2 feet. The height of the tides is dependent, to some extent on the wind, and during strong "northers"in the winter season the water surface in the southern end of the Laguna Madre may be raised 4 feet or more above the mean low tide in the Gulf. The estimate of cost for new work is $8,000,000 (July 1954), RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 595 which is exclusive of $1,683,300 contributed by local interests and of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $347,400 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents ---------- I -- July Jetty channel, all inside channels and turning basins, 3, 1930 Rivers and Harbors Committee and 2 rubble mound jetties. Deoc. 16, 71st Cong., 2d sess. May 24, 1934 Local cooperation requirements modified to provide Rivers and Harbors Committee (PWA) for the contribution of sufficient funds to cover the Doc. 10, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 entire cost of the original dredging of all inside channels and turning basins. Aug. 26, 1937 Deepening the jetty channel to 31 feet and all inner Rivers and Harbors Committee channels and the Brownsville and Port Isabel Doc. 32, 75th Cong., 1st sess. turning basins to 28 feet, provided no dredging will be done at public expense within 50 feet of any es- tablished pierhead line, wharf, or other structure. Mar. 2, 1945 Enlargement of Port Isabel turning basin to 1,000 feet H. Doc. 335, 76th Cong., 1st sess. by 1,300 feet with a flared entrance. Do....... Deepening to 35 feet channel from the Gulf of Mexico H. Doc. 347, 77th Cong., 1st sess.' through Brazos Santiago Pass; deepening to 33 feet and widening to 200 feet channel across Laguna Madre; deepening to 32 feet channels from Laguna Madre to and including turning basins at Browns- ville and Port Isabel; widening turning basins; and dredging present shallow-draft channel south of Port Isabel from railroad bridge to Laguna Madre and connecting channel to Port Isabel turning basin to provide a depth of 6 feet and width of 60 feet. July 24, 1946 An additional connecting channel 150 feet wide and H. Doc. 627, 79th Cong., 2d sessl. 32 feet deep between the Port Isabel channel and the Brownsville channel; and transfer shallow- draft channels at Port Isabel to Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. May 17, 1950 Deepening to 38 feet in outer bar channels and 36 feet H. Doc. 192, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' in all other authorized channels and basins; widen- ing all other channels to 200 feet, except a section in the Brownsville Channel which will be widened to 300 feet; extending the existing turning basins at Brownsville and Port Isabel; and for construction of a small boat basin with a connecting channel adjacent to the Brownsville ship channel. 1 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with except as required by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 192, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), local interests being required to furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for construction, maintenance, and operation of the modified project, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the project; construct suitable docks on the Port Isabel turning basin extension; and install and maintain in the small boat basin suitable mooring facilities to which all vessels shall have free and equal access during storm periods, none of which has been complied with, except that the assurances required by the authorizing legislation have been furnished and accepted. Terminal facilities. On the westerly side of the turning basin at Port Isabel is located a wharf, 550 feet long containing a sheet- metal transit shed 100 by 350 feet and a precooling plant with a capacity of approximately 24 cars every 8 hours. A sheet-metal warehouse 100 by 200 feet is located about 70 feet west of the transit shed. About 200 feet south of this wharf is a dock, 600 feet long by 16 feet wide, used for unloading tropical fruits and 596 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 equipped with facilities for supplying diesel fuel to ships at the rate of 200 gallons per minute. Along the north end of the turn- ing basin a 2-level oil dock, 400 feet long, is equipped with facili- ties for receiving and loading oil cargoes into barges and for bunk- ering ships. All of the above facilities, owned by the Port Isabel- San Benito Navigation District, are serviced by railroad and high- way connections and are open to all on equal terms. All docks and wharves are equipped with facilities for servicing ships with fresh water and electric current. An oil refinery and two storage tank farms, all privately owned, are located near the Port Isabel turning basin. This refinery has a maximum capacity of 15,000- barrel topping unit and 4,000-barrel platforming unit and a com- bined tank storage capacity of 1,224,000 barrels. Adjacent to the turning basin and having access to the Gulf Intracoastal Water- way is a shallow draft channel, 11/2 miles long, on which is located about three-fourths of a mile of privately owned low-level wharves equipped with facilities for handling tropical fruits, barge traffic, and sea foods. Additional facilities on this channel include 3 marine filling stations, 2 machine shops, several marine ways for handling small craft and medium size barges, an ice plant, and a quick-freeze plant for servicing boats handling seafoods. These facilities are privately owned and operated, and are available on an individual contract basis. Along the north side of the Brownsville turning basin the Brownsville Navigation District has constructed three concrete wharves. Two of these wharves are 440 feet long and 165 feet wide with a timber dock extension 100 feet long and 36 feet wide. A metal warehouse 120 by 400 feet is located on each concrete wharf. The third wharf is 400 feet long and 165 feet wide and contains a 120- by 390-foot metal warehouse. Also on the north side of the turning basin is located a concrete decked steel sheet pile dock 1,000 feet long and 140 feet wide with a 500- by 100-foot metal warehouse located on the dock. Along the west end of the basin is a concrete wharf 450 feet long and 165 feet wide contain- ing a 400- by 120-foot metal warehouse with an adjoining truck- unloading apron 100 feet by 16 feet. All of the above terminals have rail facilities. On the west end of the basin is a timber dock 400 feet long used for servicing small craft. Located on the south- west corner of the turning basin is a marine ways for servicing shrimp boats and other small craft and a repair shop operated in connection therewith, all of which are privately owned. On the south side of the turning basin, towards the west end, is located a concrete barge dock 300 feet long and 100 feet wide with a 400- foot unloading and storage apron, and a steel warehouse of 25,000 square-foot area, complete with railroad spur track. Also located on the south side of the basin is a concrete dock 525 feet long and 20 feet wide, with 2 open steel sheds 32 by 280 feet located thereon. This dock is equipped with complete systems for handling tropical fruits and is served by two railroad spur tracks. On the west side of the south slip is located a concrete open dock 500 feet long and 100 feet wide, equipped with a railroad spur track to the rear of the apron. On the east side of the turning basin is a timber wharf 10 feet wide and 800 feet long for docking and servicing shrimp RIVERS AND HARBORS-GALVESTON, TEX.; DISTRICT 597 trawlers. There are also 4 marginal timber docks, each 11 feet wide and 100 feet long, extending into the basin from shore at 52- foot intervals. This entire area is served by an open, hard-surfaced road and parking area. On the north side of the channel and to the east of the turning basin are located three 500-foot oil docks with direct pipeline connections to the bulk-oil terminals and to the chemical refining and separating plants, also a 350-foot concrete oil-barge dock with direct pipeline connections to the chemical re- fining and separating plants. North of the general cargo terminal is a privately owned, high-density cotton compress, with a storage capacity of 46,000 bales, covering an area of 347,000 square feet. Also north of the general cargo terminal is a bonded warehouse having a storage capacity of 10 acres and equipped with rail facilities. On the southwest corner of the navigation district property is located a privately owned cotton compress and ware- house equipped with two high-density presses having 320,000 square feet of storage space and a storage capacity of 60,000 bales. In addition, two cotton compresses .are located in the city of Brownsville, Tex. These compresses have combined storage capac- ity of 90,000 bales and are serviced by direct rail and truck con- nections with port facilities. The Brownsville Navigation District employs 1 rubber-tired mobile crane of 15-ton capacity on the terminal. Diesel fuel is available at the dock on the south side of the basin. The oil docks are equipped with facilities for handling and/or storing crude and refined oil. These oil docks have direct pipeline connections to the various oil storage terminals. There are 5 privately owned terminals equipped with facilities for han- dling petroleum products having a combined maximum storage ca- pacity of 1,288,605 barrels. Two chemical refining and separating plants are located on navigation district property to the east of the port proper, and have adequate facilities servicing the oil docks, including railroad and highway connections which are open to all on equal terms. The Brownsville Navigation District has dredged a basin for shrimp trawlers and small fishing boats located 4.4 miles east of the Brownsville turning basin. It consists of 2 slips each 400 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 15 feet deep, connected to the Brownsville ship channel by a channel 800 feet long and 100 feet wide. There are 7,600 linear feet of docking space for the fishing and shrimp boats including 14 fuel and icing piers. There are 11 fish and shrimp processing and freezing plants in operation or under contract along the two slips. A modern marine railway is being constructed which is equipped with facilities for handling up to 5 boats at a time, which is to be enlarged at a later date to handle up to 10 boats at a time. Additional facilities at this basin include 6 fuel and ice plants, 4 radio and Loran repair shops, 1 electric re- pair shop and 4 marine engine repair shops. The facilities are privately owned and operated, and are available on an individual contract basis. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $26,398. Preliminary surveys, plans, and specifications were completed for repairs to two rubble stone jetties at Brazos Santiago Pass at a cost of $6,902. Work under the contract during 598 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY', 1954 the period February 23 to June 30, 1943, consisted of placing 1,537 tons of cover stone, 3,458 tons of core stone, 265 tons of riprap stone, 2,683 cubic yards of concrete and 590 displaced cover stone picked up and replaced, all on the south jetty, at a cost of $238,164. A total of 1,005,706 cubic yards of material was removed from 30,400 linear feet of channel at a cost of $158,125, as follows: Government Cubic Linear feet plant or Location Period yards of channel Cost contract removed dredged Contract----------............ Brownsville Channel. Jan. 5 to Mar. 749, 828 22, 400 $98, 088 5, 1954. Government hop- Outer bar and jetty channel. Apr. 6 to May 255, 878 8, 000 60, 037 per dredge A. 3, 1954. Mackenzie. The total cost for all work during the fiscal year was $429,589. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 66 per- cent complete. The 25-foot project channels and jetties were com- pleted in 1936. The deepening of the sea bar and jetty channels to the 31-foot depth and of the inside channels and basins to the 28- foot depth was completed in 1940. Widening and deepening the Port Isabel turning basin as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, was completed in 1947. The 32-foot project channels and basins were completed in 1949. Work remaining consists of deepening the entrance channel to 38 feet at mean low tide from deep water in the Gulf of Mexico through Brazos San- tiago Pass, deepening to 36 feet all other channels and turning basins, widening to variable widths certain sections of the channels, extending the Brownsville and Port Isabel turning basins and con- structing a small-boat turning basin with a connecting channel adjacent to the Brownsville ship channel. The controlling depths at mean low tide in the various channels and basins comprising the waterway were as follows: Depth in feet below mean-low-tide Jetty channel from deep water in gulf to inside Brazos Santiago Pass 36 .......... From inside Brazos Santiago Pass to westerly side of Long Island ........ 30. 5 Westerly side of Long Island to turning basin at Port Isabel ................... 2.......... 29. 5 Turning basin at Port Isabel.. ....-...................... . ....... .................. 31 Channel from westerly side Long Island to turning basin at Brownsville. 28. 6 Turning basin near Brownsville ... ............ ..... ...... _........ .... ......... 30. 8 The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ................... .... _________. $1, 860, 747 $3, 640, 812 $5, 501, 559 Public work funds __ _ _______ ____ _ 2, 848, 560----.....-.. 2, 848, 560 Total United States funds ------- 4, 709, 307 3, 640, 812 8, 350, 119 Contributed funds.... .... .. __ ..... ...-- 1, 683, 258 1, 683, 258 .------------- Total all funds .. ____________ ____ ____ 6, 392, 565 3,640, 812 10, 033, 377 FLOOD CONTROL-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 599 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 "1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 195012 New work: Appropriated -- $5,385, 162 Cost ...------------------------------------------------------------------ 5, 385,162 Maintenance: Appropriated . $185, 000 $370, 961 $394, 055 $96, 235 $739, 700 3, 956,670 Cost 189, 598 20, 647 657, 113 177, 759 '429, 886 3, 641, 109 Includes $799,217 for new work for previous projects. 2In addition, $1,806,619 for new work was expended from contributed funds. sDifference of $297 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- $3,284,900 priated for completion of existing project..-----------...................------- 18. BUFFALO BAYOU, TEX. Location. These improvements are located on Buffalo Bayou, a tributary of the San Jacinto River, in Harris County, west and northwest of the city of Houston, Tex. (See U.S.G.S. quadrangle sheets for Harris County.) Existing project. The authorized plan provides for the im- provement of Buffalo Bayou and its tributaries above the turning basin (Houston) of the Houston Ship Channel to control floods for the protection of the city of Houston, and to prevent the deposition of silt in the turning basin of the ship channel by construction of detention reservoirs, enlargement and rectification of channels, construction of control works, and any diversions which may be found advisable. The authorized cost of Federal construction is limited to $9,000,000. The estimated Federal cost is $9,000,000 for construction and $13,400,000 for lands and relocations; the estimate of cost to local interests, made in 1951, is $22,130,700, a total of $44,530,700 (July 1954). The estimated annual cost of maintenance is $91,250 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved June 20, 1938 (H. Doc. 456, 75th Cong., 2d sess.), and the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. The elements of the plan of improvement as authorized at this time consist of the Addicks, Barker, and White Oak detention res- ervoirs, the North and South Diversion Canals, and the rectification of Buffalo Bayou channel. Completed construction at this time consists of Addicks Dam and Barker Dam and channel rectification in Buffalo Bayou to a point about 6 miles downstream of the dams. The two dams control 129 and 150 square miles, respectively. Barker Dam is an earthfill detention dam 71,900 feet long, includ- ing outlet works, and approximately 37 feet high, with a reservoir capacity of 207,000 acre-feet. Addicks Dam is an earthfill deten- tion dam 61,166 feet long, including outlet works, and approxi- mately 49 feet high, with a reservoir capacity of 204,500 acre-feet. Each dam has outlet works consisting of 3 gated and 2 ungated culverts. Recommended modification of project. Under date of June 18, 1952, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide, in lieu of the features of the existing 600 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 project, for Barker and Addicks Reservoirs on Buffalo Bayou, and for clearing, straightening, enlarging, and lining where necessary on the channels of Buffalo Bayou, Brays Bayou, and White Oak Bayou, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable at an estimated additional first cost to the United States of $25,997,000 for new work and a total of $115,000 annually for operation and maintenance of Barker and Addicks Reservoirs. (H. Doc. 250, 83d Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. The requirements are not being complied with in view of the interim report status of the remaining con- struction. The offer of the Harris County flood control district to advance the sum of $2,900,000 to the Department for prosecu- tion of the Buffalo Bayou project was accepted by the Secretary of War on December 18, 1940, and July 10, 1945. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Opera- tion during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land ac- quisition for Barker Reservoir, Addicks Reservoir, and Buffalo Bayou rectified channel at a cost of $778. Maintenance: Routine operations, maintenance and care were carried on from July 1, 1953 to June 30, 1954, on Barker and Ad- dicks Dams and the rectified channel at a cost of $77,627. Pre- liminary surveys, plans, and specifications were made for the crown widening and application of seal coat on Addicks Dam at a cost of $581. The total cost of all work for the fiscal year was $78,986, of which $778 was for new work and $78,208 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 26 percent complete. Construction of Barker Dam was completed in February 1945. Addicks Dam and channel rectification to South Canal were completed in October 1948. Land acquisition for Barker and Addicks Dams and channel rec- tification work was 99 percent complete. No work was done on the second stage development which in- cludes construction of South Canal and its appurtenant intersection dam and rectification work. To complete the project, subsurface explorations and detailed design must be completed and construction of remaining units of the authorized project accomplished. Total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds---... ---------------------------------- $8, 472, 794 $705, 501 $9, 178, 295 Advance funds.---------_--------------------------------- 2, 900, 000 ------------- 2, 900,000 Total for all work--- ..---------------.--------------- 11, 372, 794 705, 501 12, 078, 295 FLOOD CONTROL-GALVESTON, TEX., DISTRICT 601 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to19501 New work: Appropriated------........ ....------------. $234, 500 $60, 000 .. ,.----- -$63, 800 $8, 474, 228 __---....... $79, 633 Cost- ...- 203,334 92, 938 $27, 881 778 8, 472, 794 Maintenance: Appropriated_------- _ 116,900 64, 600 90, 000 81, 800 82, 000 724, 650 Cost----------....--.. 93, 535 79, 347 85, 911 81, 548 2 78, 929 706, 222 1In addition, $2,900,000 for new work was expended from funds advanced by Harris County Flood Con - trol District. 2 Difference of $721 between fiscal year 1954 costs shown above and that shown in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is due to over-estimation of prepayments for June 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_--- ..--.-.-----.-.. $1,433 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project. - -................ 11, 027, 075 ....................................... 19. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS River and Harbor For last, Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Johnsons Bayou, La. 1933 ...............---------------------- $2, 261.35 $54, 042.26 (2) 2. Mouth of Trinity River, Tex.'..... .......... 1928 79, 540. 44 10, 870.95 (2) 3. Bastrop Bayou, Tex.. ..---------------------- 1931 9, 920. 22 27, 129. 21 $23, 760 4. Brazos River, Tex., from Velaseo to old Wash- 1924 216, 989. 48 223,010. 52 130, 400 ington. 5.East Bay Bayou (Hannas Reef), Tex.' a----- 1922 2, 476.02 847. 80 500 72, 6. Oyster Creek, Tex.' . ..----------------------- 1922 6, 942. 24 7,556. 73 (2) 7. Corpus Christi, Tex., channel to Navy sea- 1946 1, 194, 344. 69 15,579. 63 (2) plane base, Encinal Peninsula. 8.Little Bay, Tex..........................------------------------------- 1951 32, 900 1Channel adequate for commerce. 'Completed. * No commerce reported. 4The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 768, 80th Cong., 2d sess.) revoked the 6-foot channel for Bastrop Bayou as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 337, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), and reauthorized only that portion of the existing 4- by 100-foot project lying westward of the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway.. Flood Control For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report June 30, 1954 Estiamount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for-- maintenance 1. Snagging and clearing under authority of sec. 1943 $25, 702.86 .............. (') 2 of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 28, 1937, as amended. 2. Emergency flood control work under authority 1949 ......-... $406,075. 31 (') of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 18, 1941, as amended. 3. Emergency flood control work under authority 1949 -(.. 364, 659.90 (') '1, of Public Laws 138 and 318, 78thCong., and Public Law, 75,79th Cong. 1Completed. 602 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary NAVIGATION PROJECTS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June , 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- ------------ ----------------- ----------- --- - -- $1, 512, 474 Cost----------------------------- ------------ - - 1,512,474 Maintenance: A ppropriated - - - -- -- -- --.- -- -- -- -.-- - -- --.--- -- -- - -- --.--- 339,037 Cost . .........- 339,037 FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ......---------------------.........................--------- ......----------- ........... ..---------------------- $25, 703 Cost..............----------------- ------------..................------------ ------------ ... ............ 25, 703 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------------------- ------------ ---------------------------------- 1, 770, 735 Cost ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1, 770, 735 20. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of work during the year was $60,609. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year was $315, and accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year were $279. The balance of $594 will be applied to studies under way. The estimated additional sum of $70,600 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. Activities under this head- ing during the fiscal year included (1) collection of rainfall data for storm studies as requested by other districts; (2) study and re- vision of a storm and flood emergency manual which programs the Galveston District operates during major storms and floods, and (3) investigation of current floods in the Lower Rio Grande Valley including surveys and estimates of flood damages and collection of rainfall and stream flow data. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT The district comprises that portion of Texas south of the Red River drainage basin exclusive of the drainage basin of the Rio Grande and its tributaries above and including the Pecos River; exclusive of the drainage basins of all the short streams arising in the coastal plain of Texas and flowing into the Gulf of Mexico, in- cluding the entire basin of Buffalo Bayou, San Jacinto, San Ber- nard, Lavaca, Navidad, Mission, and Aransas Rivers; exclusive of the lower basins of the major streams flowing into the Gulf as fol- lows: Sabine River below Orange, Neches River below Beaumont, Trinity River below Liberty, Brazos River below confluence with Navasota River, Colorado River below Austin, Guadalupe River below confluence with San Marcos River, San Antonio River below Goliad, and Nueces River below Calallen; and exclusive of the coastal plain situated to the east of the Missouri-Pacific Railroad between Calallen and Raymondville, and all of Starr, Hidalgo, Cameron, and Willacy counties, covering the Lower Rio Grande Valley. The district includes that portion of western Louisiana in the Sabine River drainage basin above Orange, Texas, and the portion of eastern New Mexico embraced in the drainage basins of the Brazos and Colorado Rivers. IMPROVEMENTS Navzgation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1.Neches and Angelina Rivers, 12. Whitney Reservoir, Brazos Tex ............................................ 604 River, Tex ........-------------...................... 618 2. McGee; Bend Reservoir, An- 13. Belton Reservoir, Leon River, gelina River, Tex......... 605 Tex .................................. 613 3. Dam B Reservoir, Neches 14. Hords Creek, Pecan Bayou, River, Tex, ..---- 606 Tex........................................... 614 4. Inactive navigation projects...... 607 15. San Angelo Reservoir, North Flood control Concho River, Tex................ 622 16. Canyon Reservoir, Guadalupe 5. Trinity River and tributaries, River, Tex.........------------ ---.... 624 Tex ......... ...................------- 607 17. Inactive flood control projects.. 625 6. Lavon Reservoir, Tex................ 609 625 7. Garza-Little Elm Reservoir, 18. General Investigations .............. Tex.....-----..........-------------------... 610 19. Inspection of completed proj- 8. Grapevine Reservoir, Tex_ ....... 612 ects----.. --, . . ..-------------- 625 9. Dallas Floodway, Tex ........... 614 20. Emergency flood control work.. 626 10. Benbrook Reservoir, Tex ...... 616 21. Floodcontrol work under special 11. Fort Worth Floodway, Tex...... 617 authorization ............ . .. 627 603 604 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 1. NECHES AND ANGELINA RIVERS, TEX. Location. The Neches River has its source 60 miles southeast of Dallas and flows generally southeast 416 miles to Sabine Lake 4 miles east of Port Arthur, Tex. The Angelina River flows south- east 200 miles to its confluence with the Neches River 126 miles above its mouth. The authorized features are located as follows: Rockland Dam on Neches River approximately 3 miles west of Rockland, Tex.; McGee Bend Dam on Angelina River approxi- mately 10 miles northwest of Jasper, Texas; Dam A on Neches River approximately 4 miles west of Horger, Tex.; Dam B on Neches River approximately one-half mile north of Town Bluff, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey Base Map, Northeast Texas, Scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for dams and reservoirs to be located at the Rockland and McGee Bend dam sites on the Neches and Angelina Rivers, respectively, which will effect a large measure of flood protection to agricultural lands in the lower river valley and to the city of Beaumont, reduce the hazards to navigation resulting from floods, and provide a regu- lated flow in the lower river to supply municipal, agricultural, and industrial demands. In addition, these proposed projects would permit the development of a large amount of firm power and afford opportunities for recreation. The plan also provides for construction of Dam A, located on the Neches River below Rockland Dam, for the development of power; and Dam B, located below the confluence of the Angelina and Neches Rivers, to regulate the daily fluctuations in discharge from the turbines in the upper projects and to develop a limited amount of power. Construction of Rockland and Dam A Reservoirs and of power facilities at Dam B is to be deferred until justified by future con- ditions. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $106,185,350, including $5,000,000 non- Federal costs. The flood control works included in the compre- hensive plan are listed below: Name of dam Rockland McGee Bend Dam Dam Dam A Dam B Rockland, Jasper, Nearest city----........----......----------... Horger, Town Bluff, Tex. Tex. Tex. Tex. Neches River Angelina River Neches River Stream-----------............-----............... Neches River Drainage area, square miles ...... 3626---..........--. 3453 --........... 3778-...-..- 7585 Distance above mouth of Neches 160.4--------.......... 151.3--------..........142--....-.. -113.7 River (river-mile) Height of dam above river bottom 106.........-----... 128.......----------. 49 .....-..... 45. (feet). Type of dam- . Earthfill-..... .--.--.------ Earthfill...... Concrete and Concrete and earth earth Storage capacity-flood control 1, 020,100. . 1,148, 900...... None ........ None. (acre-feet) Power and regulation of flow 1, 125, 500-.. 1, 383, 500.-.... Pondage-_... 94, 200. (acre-feet). Dead storage (acre feet)........ 1, 141, 700...... 1, 508, 400.....None......... None. Total storage (acre-feet)...... 3,287,300 ------ 1 4, 040, 800----- Pondage_____1 94, 200. RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 605 Name of dam Rockland McGee Bend Dam Dam Dam A Dam B Nearest city--------- --------- Rockland, Jasper, Horger, Town Bluff, Tex. Tex. Tex. Tex. Stream_............----..-- ..- . Neches River Angelina River Neches River Neches River Power development (KW)........ 13, 500......... 45,000_........ 2, 700 __........ 2, 935 Estimated cost (1954): Construction_. $40, 822, 500-.... ..-------- $40, 392, 800.... $3, 213. 400..... $6, 561, 150 Lands and damages....----------- 5, 477, 500.... 8, 307, 200.... 6,600..... 1,404,200 Total--......---------.----. $46, 300, 000.... I $48, 700, 000... $3, 220, 000..... 2$7, 965, 350 1Includes $3 million contributed funds. 2 Includes $2 million contributed funds. See individual reports for further details. 2. McGEE BEND RESERVOIR, ANGELINA RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Angelina River 25.2 miles upstream from its confluence with the Neches River and about 10 miles northwest of Jasper, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control, water conservation, and hydro- electric power development in the Neches-Angelina Rivers Basin, provides for the construction of a rolled earthfill embankment 10,950 feet in length, three earthen saddle dikes totaling 7,470 feet, and an uncontrolled concrete spillway 400 feet long. The top of the dam will be about 128 feet above the river bed. The reser- voir will have a storage capacity of 4,040,800 acre-feet including 1,148,900 acre-feet of flood control storage, 1,383,500 acre-feet of power storage, and 1,508,400 acre-feet of dead storage. The capac- ity of the initial installation of hydroelectric generating facilities will be 45,000 kilowatts. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $40,392,800 for con- struction and $8,307,200 for land and damages, a total of $48,- 700,000, including $3 million to be contributed by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (Public Law No. 14, 79th Cong., 1st sess.) in accordance with the plan of improvement outlined in Senate Document No. 98, 76th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. The project was adopted subject to the pro- vision that before construction is started upon any element, the State of Texas or other responsible local agency give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that upon completion of the entire project it will contribute toward the first cost of the work the sum of $5,000,000. The Lower Neches Valley Authority has furnished assurances, which were accepted by the Assistant Secre- tary of the Army on November 13, 1947, that at any time after Congress appropriates sufficient funds for the construction of Dam B Reservoir, which by the addition of $2,000,000 would be sufficient to complete Dam B Reservoir, upon demand by the Secretary of the Army it will contribute $2 million toward the cost of construction of Dam B Reservoir; and upon completion of McGee Bend Reser- voir on the Angelina River, it will contribute $3 million toward the 606 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 first cost of the work. To date, local interests have contributed $2 million toward the first cost of Dam B Reservoir. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of review of preliminary investigations and engineering studies with a view to reducing the size of the project. Total cost during the fiscal year was $12,730, all for new work from regular funds by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 2 per- cent complete. Engineering and design was 28 percent complete. Total cost to June 30, 1954, was $705,877, all for new work from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work' Appropriated $200, 000 ---------- -$103,743 $50, 000 -$30, 000 $706, 457 Cost_ _ _ _ 81, 017 $132,483 26,334 6,690 12,730 705,877 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954- $580 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------------------------... ---------- 580 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ............ 44, 993, 543 -........-............... 3. DAM B RESERVOIR, NECHES RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Neches River with dam site about 12.4 miles below the mouth of the Angelina River,-one-half mile north of Town Bluff, Tex., and 93 river miles north of Beaumont, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control, water conservation, and hydro- electric power development in the Neches-Angelina Rivers basin, consists of a concrete and earth dam consisting of 6,100 feet of uncontrolled spillway, 326 feet of gated channel spillway, and a nonoverflow section 272 feet long. The top of the dam is about 45 feet above the river bed. The reservoir has a storage capacity for conservation of 94,200 acre-feet. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $6,561,150 for con- struction and $1,404,200 for lands and damages, a total of $7,- 965,350 including $2 million contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (Public Law 14, 79th Cong., 1st sess.), in accordance with the plan of improvement outlined in Senate Docu- ment No. 98, 76th Congress, 1st session. The River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948, modified this project so as to provide that the local agency which gives assur- ances that upon completion of the entire project it will contribute toward the first cost of the work the sum of $5 million, will be permitted to withdraw from the pool of Dam B not to exceed 2,000 cubic feet of water per second for its own use (Public Law 858, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 607 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition by hired labor, and completion of right bank earthwork and initiation of bank slope protection by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954. Total cost during the fiscal year was $227,405 for new work and $60,650 for maintenance, a total of $288,055, all from regular funds. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during March 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in April 1951. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 96 percent and construction was 99 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acqui- sition and completion of bank slope protection. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for regular funds were $5,- 886,463 for new work and $153,239 for maintenance, a total of $6,039,702. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for contributed funds were $2,000,000 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- .... --.-.......... $970, 100 $61, 300 $677, 600 -$34, 650 $5, 965, 350 Cost.-..------------ $1, 624, 965 1, 600, 083 159, 400 410, 523 227, 405 5, 886, 463 Maintenance: Appropriated------- .....----------............-----------.......... 67, 980 31, 746 57, 500 157, 226 ......-..............-----..... Cost---- -------------------------- 60, 075 32, 514 60, 650 153, 239 Note. In addition, $2 million for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954...........-------------..... $55, 455 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------......... --......................................................... 55,455 4. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Dam A Reservoir, Neches River, Tex.'--------..... 1952 $21, 700 -------------- $3, 198, 300 2. Rockland Reservoir, Neches River, Tex.2..... 1952 510, 200 -------------- 45, 789, 800 1Dependent upon construction of Rockland Reservoir. 2 Deferred until justified by future downstream development. 5. TRINITY RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, TEX. Location. These improvements are located in the upper portion of the Trinity River Basin within a 50-mile radius of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, adopted the comprehensive plan of improvement for navi- gation, flood control, and allied purposes, in the Trinity River Basin, Sig 20--607-638 608 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 as outlined in House Document No. 403, 77th Congress, 1st session. This plan provides for the construction at this time of Benbrook, Little Elm, and Grapevine Reservoirs, the modification of Garza Dam, and the improvement of the levees and floodways at Fort Worth and Dallas, for flood protection and water conservation. The act also adopted the modification contained in House Document 533, 78th Congress, 2d session, which provides for the construction of the Lavon Reservoir on the East Fork of the Trinity River. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, modified the author- ized Lavon Reservoir to provide for conservation storage as may be determined warranted by the Secretary of War upon the rec- ommendations of the Chief of Engineers. The Civil Functions Appropriation Act, approved October 24, 1951, further modified Lavon Reservoir to provide for construction of water conservation and utilization facilities, the cost of these facilities to be repaid by local interests. The existing project maps are contained in the project documents. As itemized in the tables below, the estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $76,066,281, including $11,812,181 non-Federal costs. The flood control works included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: Dams and reservoirs Name Benbrook Lavon Grapevine Garza-Little Elm Stream .. __________....--.- _ Clear Fork _____ East Fork...... Denton Creek__ Elm Fork. Nearest City_---------------__ Benbrook-... _ Lavon_......... Grapevine ..- - Lewisville. Drainage area square miles -.. 433______________ 777_-----------694----------- 1658. Distance above mouth (miles__ 15_ 55.9 _----------- 11.7-........ _ 30. Height (feet)...------------- 130_----------- 69_------------ 137_----------- 125. Type_..----.-----.----------- Earthfill --- Earthfill________ Earthfill -.-- Earthfill. Flood control storage capacity 170, 350 ......... 275, 600 .......... 238, 250- .-_ -.- 526, 700. (acre-feet). C on s e rv a t i on st ora ge c ap ac i t y 7 2 , 5 0 0 . . . . . . . . . . 10 0 , 0 0 0 16 1, 2 5 0 . . . . . . . .. . 4 3 6 , 0 0 0. (acre-feet). Se d im e n t atio n r e s e r ve c a p ac it y (acre-feet) 15 , 75 0 . . . . ..-. ------ .-4 7 , 8 0 0 . .- . . . . . . . . 3 6 , 0 0 0 --- 5 3 , 5 00. Capacity, total (acre-feet).... 258, 600 -.... - 423, 400 -------- 435, 500-------- 1, 016, 200. Estimated cost: Construction .... _______. ---.. $8, 619, 700 $8, 690, 726 -.--- $7, 732, 265 .. _-- $14, 529, 630. Lands and damages _... $2, 326, 000- . $2, 483, 274- ...... $2, 599, 600- ..... $8, 578, 436. Total__________________ $10, 945, 700 ....---- $11, 174, 000 ..-- 1 $10, 331, 865_-__ 2 $23, 108, 066. 1 Includes $2,060,465 non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $3,410,066 non-Federal costs. Local flood protection works Estimated cost Distance .- Location Stream above Type structure Lands mouth Construc- and Total (miles) tion damages' Fort Worth.. Clear and West 560 Levee and channel $8, 388, 150 $914, 500 2 $9,302, 650 Forks. clearing. Dallas - - Elm Fork and Trin- 505 Levee, channel 10, 815, 500 388, 500 ' 11, 204,000 ity River. clearing, and mod- ification of interior drainage. 1Non-Federal costs. 2 Includes $5,437,650 non-Federal costs. ' Includes $904, 000 non-Federal costs. See individual reports for further details. FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 609 6. LAVON RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Collin County, Tex., on East Fork of Trinity River, 55.9 miles above its confluence with the Trinity River and about 22 miles northeast of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, con- sists of an earthfill dam, approximately 9,499 feet in length, includ- ing a gate-controlled concrete spillway 568 feet in length located in the right abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 69 feet above the stream bed. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 275,600 acre-feet for flood control, 100,000 acre-feet for conservation, and a sedimentation and dead storage reserve of 47,800 acre-feet, a total of 423,400 acre-feet. The reservoir ex- tends 10 miles up the East Fork and 16.1 miles up Pilot Grove Creek. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $8,690,726 for con- struction and $2,483,274 for lands and damages, a total of $11,174,- 000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $78,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess., and H. Doc. 533, 78th Cong.) The project was modified by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, and the Civil Functions Appropriation Act, 1952. The latest published maps are contained in the project documents. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Local interests are required by law to repay the cost of a water supply intake structure constructed under au- thorization "provided in the Civil Functions Appropriations Act, 1952, approved October 24, 1951 (Public Law 203, 82d Cong., 1st sess.). The North Texas Municipal Water District, a State-author- ized agency, has been organized for the purpose of assuming the required responsibilities. Negotiations with the North Texas Municipal Water District have been consummated and a formal contract drafted for rights to conservation storage in the project. The cost to local interests, including the cost of the water supply intake structure, is now estimated at $1,220,291. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of land acquisition and preparation of detailed plans and specifications by hired labor, completion of relocation of G.C.&S.F. RR and completion of em- bankment by continuing contracts, and initiation of construction of project buildings by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954. Total costs during the fiscal year were $605,023 for new work and $50,531 for maintenance, a total of $655,554, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during January 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in October 1953. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 96 percent complete. Land acquisition was 94 percent and construction was 96 percent complete. Work remaining to be 610 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 done to complete the project consists of relocation of Collin County roads, completion of land acquisition, and completion of construc- tion of project buildings. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for regular funds were $10,- 720,752 for new work and $74,143 for maintenance, a total of $10,794,895. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated.--...-..$2, 604, 300 $3, 436, 000 $1, 500, 000 $184, 600 -$45, 800 $11, 174,000 Cost--------------- 2, 632, 319 3, 047, 814 1, 741, 987 1, 169, 857 605, 023 10, 720, 752 Maintenance: Appropriated------........ ------------ ------------ 7, 000 22, 450 46, 500 75, 950 Cost....------------------------------------- 5, 600 18, 012 50, 531 74,143 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............................ $235, 567 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------.................-------------------.....................................................................--- 235,567 7. GARZA-LITTLE ELM RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Denton County, Tex., on Elm Fork of Trinity River, 30 river miles above its confluence with Trinity River and about 22 miles northwest of city of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, pro- vides for the construction of a single earth-filled dam and reservoir on Elm Fork at a site below the existing Garza Dam. This reser- voir, designated as the Garza-Little Elm Reservoir, replaces the Little Elm Reservoir, the modified Garza Reservoir, and the Aubrey Reservoir. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 526,700 acre-feet for flood control, 436,000 acre-feet for conserva- tion, and a sedimentation reserve of 53,500 acre-feet-a total of 1,016,200 acre-feet. 'Of the total conservation storage, 415,000 acre-feet are to be provided for the city of Dallas, the incremental cost of which is to be borne by the city. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $14,529,630 for con- struction and $8,578,436 for lands and damages, a total of $23,- 108,066, including $3,410,066 to be contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $100,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests (city of Dallas) contribute the incremental cost now estimated to be $3,410,066, for which they will receive 310,000 acre-feet of conservation storage. In addition, the city of Dallas will convey sufficient interests over all lands FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 611 comprising the existing reservoir and appurtenances now con- trolled by the city of Dallas, to insure the proper operation and management of the project, the power to control and limit develop- ment, including improvements existing on Garza Dam, the reser- voir lands, and appurtenances and the right to breach Garza Dam in such manner and degree deemed necessary by the United States for the Garza-Little Elm Reservoir, and in exchange for these rights and privileges the city of Dallas is to receive 105,000 acre- feet of additional conservation storage in the Garza-Little Elm Reservoir. A water conservation contract with the City of Dallas was ap- proved by the Secretary of the Army on July 16, 1953. To date, $3,400,000 has been contributed by the city of Dallas. The remain- ing 21,000 acre-feet of conservation storage has been made avail- able to the city of Denton, Texas under contract approved by the Secretary of the Army on May 24, 1954 at a cost now estimated at $219,450. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Preparation of detailed plans and specifications and land acquisi- tion were continued by hired labor. Relocation of highways and railroads was continued by continuing contracts. Relocation of utilities and reservoir clearing was continued by contract. Com- pletion of embankment was continued and construction of outlet works was completed by continuing contracts. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954. The total costs during the fiscal year for regular funds were $2,539,033 for new work and $30,274 for maintenance, a total of $2,569,307. Contributed funds: Land acquisition was continued by hired labor, and completion of embankment was continued by continuing contract. The total cost during the fiscal year for contributed funds was $1,366,514 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during November 1948, and the project is scheduled to be ready for beneficial use in November 1954. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 73 percent complete. Engineering and design was 94 percent, land acquisition 61 percent complete, and construction 79 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition, completion of relocation of high- ways, railroads, and utilities, completion of reservoir clearing, completion of embankment, construction of project buildings, and construction of recreation facilities. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for regular funds were $14,963,526 for new work and $30,274 for maintenance, a total of $14,993,800. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for contributed funds were $1,933,514 for new work. 612 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial svmmary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years .1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-........ $2, 232, 300 $3, 000, 000 $3, 000, 000 $4, 179, 000 $3, 250, 000 $16, 697, 600 Cost.-------..-- 835, 645 1, 944, 965 3, 743, 079 5, 122, 523 2, 539, 032 14, 963, 526 Maintenance: Appropriated -- - - - 30, 900 30, 900 Cost-------- ------------------------ - - 30,274 30, 274 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ..-. $1,363, 795 _.......... - Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........ 3, 000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30. 1955.--.----.... .-------------------------.. . 4, 363, 795 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- -. ..... pletion of existing project..........-. ...-....- . ....-...... 400 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated... -------- ------ ------------ . $267, 000 $2, 633, 000 $3, 400, 000 Cost ...----------...------------ ..... $500,000------------67, 000 1,366, 514 1, 933, 514 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 -.... ..........- $1,327,849 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ........ ..... .......... .. .... ------- ..----- 1 ,327 ,849 .- .......................- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-.......-...-.-... 10 ,066 8.. GRAPEVINE RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Tarrant and Denton Counties, Tex., on Denton Creek, 11.7 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Elm Fork of the Trinity River and about 20 miles northwest of the city of Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, con- sists of an earth dam approximately 12,850 feet in length, includ- ing an uncontrolled concrete spillway 500 feet in length, located in the left abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 137 feet above the streambed. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 238,250 acre-feet for flood control, 161,250 acre-feet for conservation purposes, and a sedimentation reserve of 36,000 acre-feet. The reservoir extends 22.2 miles upstream. The esti- mated cost of the project (1954) is $7,732,265 for construction and $2,599,600 for lands and damages, a total of $10,331,865, in- cluding $2,060,465 to be contributed by local interests. The esti- mated cost of annual maintenance is $68,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Document 403, 77th Cong., FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 613 1st sess.) The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. In accordance with the recommendation contained in the project document, construction of the project is subject to the condition that local interests (Park Cities) con- tribute $607,000 toward the cost of the project, for which they will receive 50,000 acre-feet of conservation storage. The project also provided for an exchange of 75,000 acre-feet of storage be- tween Grapevine and Lake Dallas in order to secure additional flood control storage in the modified Lake Dallas (Garza). This exchange is no longer required under the new Elm Fork Reservoir plan consisting of the Grapevine and Garza-Little Elm Reservoirs; however, the city of Dallas has requested that the project include 85,000 acre-feet of conservation storage for which the city of Dallas will pay the incremental cost now estimated to be $1,453,465. Negotiations with Park Cities have been consummated and a water conservation contract drafted; to date, Park Cities have contributed the entire amount of $607,000. A water conservation contract with the city of Dallas was approved by the Secretary of the Army on March 17, 1954. To date, the city of Dallas has con- tributed $1,425,000. In addition, a water conservation contract with'the city of Grapevine was approved by the Secretary of the Army September 14, 1953, for 1,250 acre-feet of conservation storage at a cost now estimated to be $19,987. To date, the city of Grapevine has paid the amount of $1,481.70. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Preparation of detailed plans and specifications and land acquisi- tion were continued by hired labor. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954. The total costs during the fiscal year for regular funds were $89,062 for new work and $55,357 for maintenance, a total of $144,419. Contributed funds: Relocation of Denton County roads was initiated by contract. Total cost during the fiscal year for contributed funds was $84,430 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during December 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in July 1952. At the end of the fiscal year the proj- ect was 97 percent complete. Engineering and design was 99 percent complete, land acquisition 95 percent complete, reloca- tions were 90 percent complete, and construction was completed. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition and completion of relocation of county roads. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for regular funds were $8,209,- 351 for new work and $96,376 for maintenance, a total of $8,305,727. * The total costs to June 30, 1954, for contributed funds were $1,845,480 for new work. 614 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- ....... $3, 500, 000 $1, 741, 000 ___ -$715, 000 -$244, 600 $8, 271, 400 Cost- -----....-----. 2, 153, 383 3, 314, 666 $1,638, 060 -475, 760 89, 062 8, 209, 351 Maintenance: Appropriated___ ...----- _- -_____ _-____ 19, 300 25, 617 53, 000 97, 917 Cost --------------------------- 19, 300 21, 719 55,357 96,376 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............................ $54,575 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.................................................................. 54,575 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ---- .------------ ------------ 907, 000 ------------ 125, 000 $2,032,000 Cost--------------- $156, 250 $2, 500 318, 764 $921, 786 84, 430 1, 845, 480 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------...--..........---...--...... $55, 620 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------.............. 28, 465 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955......................................................................................----------------------------------------------- -........ 84,085 9. DALLAS FLOODWAY, TEX. Location. The floodway is located on Elm Fork and West Fork of the Trinity River at Dallas, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, pro- vides for the strengthening of the levees and the clearing of the floodway. The estimated Federal cost of these modifications (1954) is $10,300,000, and the estimated cost to local interests is $904,000, which includes $300,000 cash contribution and $604,000 for lands and damages and construction, a total of $11,204,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) The latest published map is contained in the project docu- ment. River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) modified this project so as to provide im- provements for interior drainage within the leveed areas. Local cooperation. In addition the project is authorized sub- ject to the conditions that local interests authorize and permit FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 615 the modifications of the levees and floodways at Dallas, remove or adjust all obstructing bridges and other utilities as required by the Secretary of the Army, prevent obstructions and encroach- ments from being placed in the floodway, construct necessary im- provements to the interior drainage facilities for the delivery of runoff to the pumps and sluices, and contribute $300,000 in cash toward the construction of the Turtle Creek pressure sewer when and as required. The required $300,000 cash contribution was re- ceived on February 26, 1953. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Engineering and design were continued by hired labor. Con- struction of pumping plant A was continued by contract, and ex- cavation of sump area A was continued by continuing contract. Turfing of levee slopes was initiated by contract. Total cost during the fiscal year was $746,659 for regular funds, all for new work. Contributed funds: Construction of Turtle Creek pressure sewer was initiated by continuing contracts. Total cost during the fiscal year was $109,061 for contributed funds, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during January 1953, and the project is scheduled to be ready for beneficial use in June 1957. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 14 percent complete. Engineering and design was 59 percent complete, and construction was 12 percent com- plete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of pumping plants and sump areas, completion of Turtle Creek pressure sewer, completion of sluices and detention basins, strengthening of levees, and channel excavation. The total cost to June 30, 1954, for regular funds was $1,361,599, all for new work. The total cost to June 30, 1954, for contributed funds was $109,061, all for new work. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total toJune 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated..------------------- 61, 871 $42, 600 $1, 045, 000 $430, 000 $1, 761, 471 ----------------- Cost_ $1, 610 44, 998 74, 521 333, 900 746,659 1, 361, 599 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954......-----......------- $303, 181 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----.........--.. 1,300, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955....................... ..................... 1, 603, 181 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project............---------------.......................................................--------------... 7,238, 529 616 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, Includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------ ------------ $300, 000 $7,393 $307, 393 Cost --------------------------- 109,061 109,061 Other new work data: .. Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ..............--------------- $7, 393 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.. ------------------------------------------------- 7,393 10. BENBROOK RESERVOIR, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Tarrant County, Tex., on Clear Fork of Trinity River, 15 river miles upstream from its confluence with the West Fork of the Trinity River, about 10 miles southwest of Fort Worth, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, pro- vides for the construction of an earthfill dam 9,130 feet in length, including an uncontrolled concrete spillway 500 feet in length located in the left abutment. The dam has a maximum height of 130 feet above the streambed. The reservoir provides a total storage capacity of 258,600 acre-feet, of which 170,350 acre-feet are for flood control, 72,500 acre-feet for conservation storage, and a sedimentation reserve of 15,750 acre-feet. The reservoir ex- tends 10.6 miles upstream. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $8,619,700 for construction and $2,326,000 for lands and damages, a total of $10,945,700. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $65,000 (1954): The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of engineering and de- sign and land acquisition by hired labor, and completion of reloca- tion of Tarrant County roads by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954. Total cost during the fiscal year was $45,631 for new work and $43,858 for maintenance, all from regular funds, a total of $89,489. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during May 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in September 1952. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Land acquisition was 96 percent com- plete, and construction was 99 percent complete. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition and construction of project buildings. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $10,791,520 for new work FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 617 and $82,219 for maintenance, a total of $10,873,739, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- $3, 500,000 $1, 947, 000 $339, 000 -$398, 000 $26, 400 $10,945,700 Cost...--------------- 4, 023, 098 2, 156, 384 864, 697 402, 224 45, 631 10, 791, 520 Maintenance: Appropriated....... ------------ . __ .-.- 19, 076 21, 000 44, 000 84,076 Cost----------------- ------------ 18, 439 19, 922 43,858 82, 219 Other new work data: $150, 384 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 _.$...................... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, --------------------------------- 150,384 1955---------------................................................... 11. FORT WORTH FLOODWAY, TEX. Location. The floodway is located on the West Fork and Clear Fork of the Trinity River at Fort Worth, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement, a unit of the com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Trinity River Basin, provides for raising and strengthening the present levees with material excavated from the channel and floodway, clearing the floodway of timber and debris, removing obstructions and en- larging bridge openings by excavation in order to provide a safe capacity in the Clear Fork portion of 60,000 second-feet and 95,000 second-feet in the West Fork portion of the floodway downstream of the confluence of the Clear and West Forks. The estimated Federal cost of this modification (1954) is $3,865,000. The esti- mated cost of non-Federal participation is $5,437,650. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 403, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. In addition the project is authorized subject to the conditions that local interests authorize and permit the modification of the levees and floodways at Forth Worth, remove or adjust all obstructing bridges and other utilities and dams as required by the Secretary of the Army and prevent obstructions and encroachments from being placed in the floodway. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: Engineering and design was continued by hired labor. Channel excavation, levees, and drainage facilities were continued by con- tinuing contract, and alteration of railroad and highway bridges were completed by contract. Total cost during the fiscal year for regular funds was $982,827, all for new work. Contributed funds: That portion of channel excavation being performed for the benefit of local interests was continued by continuing contracts. Total cost during the fiscal year for contributed funds was $76,550, all for new work. 618 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of, fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during June 1950, and the project is scheduled to be ready for beneficial use in June 1955. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 76 percent complete. Engineering and design was 98 percent complete, construction was 66 percent complete, and alterations to railroad and highway bridges were completed. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of com- pletion of channel excavation, levees, and drainage structures. The total cost to June 30, 1954, for regular funds was $2,993,626, all for new work. The total cost to June 30, 1954, for contributed funds was $96,550, all for new work. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated........ $500, 000 $650, 000 $700, 000 $697, 000 $950, 000 $3, 625,000 Cost---------------- 115,065 176,333 613, 721 992, 019 982,827 2, 993, 626 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---............................ $439, 535 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------.............. 240,000 Unobhgated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............................-----.............................-----.....................-------..........................-----------------. 679,535 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-----........ ------------ ------------............$20, 000 $46, 550 $30, 000 $96, 550 Cost .......----------------- 20, 000 ..... '.. . 76, 550 96, 550 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955................. $94, 100 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.......................-------------...........----............... 94, 100 12. WHITNEY RESERVOIR, BRAZOS RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Brazos River, Tex., about 442 miles above the mouth of the river, 5.5 miles south- west of Whitney, Tex., and about 38 miles upstream from the city of Waco, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets; Waco, Cle- burne, and Grandbury, scale 1:125,000, and Whitney, Blum, and Morgan, scale 1:62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a con- crete dam about 1,674 feet long at the top, including an 824-foot FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 619 gate-controlled spillway section; 2 earthen embankment sections totaling 8,201 feet; and saddle dikes 7,820 feet long. The top of the dam is about 167 feet above the river bed. The reservoir provides a controlled storage capacity of 2,017,500 acre-feet, in- cluding 1,630,500 acre-feet of flood control storage, 131,700 acre- feet of power storage, and 255,300 acre-feet of dead storage. A powerhouse is located adjacent to the right bank immediately downstream from the nonoverflow section of the dam. The ca- pacity of the initial installation of hydroelectric generating facili- ties is 30,000 kilowatts. The project which controls 17,656 square miles affords substantial flood protection to the city of Waco, Tex., and the lower Brazos River Valley, and provides for generation of hydroelectric power, and for other beneficial water uses. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $35,623,624 for con- struction and $5,084,376 for lands and damages, a total of $40,708,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $250,000 (1954). The Flood Control Act, approved August 18, 1941, approved the existing project in accordance with the recommendation of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 390, 76th Congress, 1st session, which contains the latest published maps, and authorized $5 million for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized completion of this project. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of engineering and design and land acquisition by hired labor. Construction of the power- house and appurtenant equipment was completed by continuing contract. Construction of Blum access road and bridge and con- struction of project buildings was completed by contract. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954. Total costs during the fiscal year were $478,565 for new work and $169,206 for maintenance, a total of $647,771, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during June 1946, and the project was ready for flood con- trol use in December 1951. The first power was placed on the line in June 1953. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 99 percent complete. Engineering and design was 99 percent com- plete, land acquisition 94 percent complete, and relocations and construction were completed. Work remaining to be done to com- plete the project consists of completion of land acquisition and deferred maintenance of the M.K.T. RR. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $40,198,220 for new work and $284,919 for maintenance, a total of $40,483,139, all from regular funds. 620 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial sun mary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - -- _ $10, 500, 000 $14, 745, 000 $3, 800, 000 -$626, 000 . $40, 707, 500 Cost-- ....- ....-- 13, 210, 796 8, 689, 432 5, 769, 419 2, 190, 850 $478, 565 40, 198, 220 Maintenance: Appropriated_ _----------_-_------------41, 400 102, 983 148, 700 293, 083 Cost...------------------------_ _------------ 38,231 77, 482 169, 206 284, 919 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ..............- $440, 586 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year en'ding June 30, 1955 -----------...--....... --------------------------- 440, 586 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project --------------------...-.. 500---------------- 13. BELTON RESERVOIR, LEON RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on the Leon River about 16.7 miles above the confluence of the Leon and Lampasas Rivers, and about 3 miles north of Belton, Bell County, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map, scale 1:500,000 and U. S. Geological Survey, Belton Sheet, scale 1:62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a 1,300- foot spillway, 3,806 feet of earthen embankment, and 418 feet of dike. The top of the dam will be about 196 feet above the river- bed. The reservoir will have a controlled storage capacity of 1,097,600 acre-feet, including 887,000 acre-feet of flood control storage, 125,700 acre-feet of conservation storage, and 84,900 acre-feet of sedimentation storage. The project which controls 3,412 square miles will afford substantial flood protection of Leon River Valley from Belton Dam site to confluence with Lampasas River; Little River Valley from confluence of Leon and Lampasas Rivers (miles 101.7) to the mouth; Brazos River Valley from Little River (miles 315.8) to the mouth. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $9,147,875 for con- struction and $4,502,125 for lands and damages, a total of $13,650,- 000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $77,000 (1954). The Flood Control Act of 1946, approved July 24, 1946, author- ized construction substantially in accordance with recommenda- tions of the Chief of Engineers, as contained in his report dated April 19, 1946 (since published as H. Doc. 88, 81st Cong., 1 sess.), at an estimated cost of $15,500,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of continuation of engineering and design and land acquisition by hired labor, completion of relocation of highways by contract, continuation of relocation of utilities by contract, initiation of relocation of county roads by contract, com- pletion of reservoir clearing by contract, and continuation of completion of embankment and construction of spillway by con- tinuing contract. FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 621 Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1953 to June 30, 1954. Total costs during the fiscal year were $2,911,184 for new work and $23,796 for maintenance, a total of $2,934,980, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during June 1949, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in March 1954. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 87 percent complete. Engineering and design was 97 percent complete, land acquisition was 72 percent complete, relocations were 93 percent complete, and construction was 95 percent com- plete. Work remaining to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition, completion of relocations, com- pletion of construction of embankment and spillway, and con- struction of project buildings. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $11,927,104 for new work and $23,796 for maintenance, a total of $11,950,900, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years .1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _ _._- .. $1, 488, 200 $2, 763, 500 $4, 000, 000 $2, 488, 000 $901, 900 $12, 291, 600 Cost---------------- 651, 207 1,690, 200 1,913,971 4, 419, 342 2, 911, 184 11, 927, 104 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- --------------- ------------ ------------. ...... 30, 000 30, 000 Cost-------- ----------------------------------------------- 23, 796 23, 796 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-....$.------------ $64, 138 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..... 1, 348, 100 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955....---------------------------------------1,412,238 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ................................................................---------------------------------... 10, 300 14. HORDS CREEK RESERVOIR, PECAN BAYOU, TEX. Location. The improvement is located on Hords Creek, a tribu- tary of Pecan Bayou, about 13.5 miles west of Coleman, Tex., and about 27.8 miles upstream from the mouth of Hords Creek. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets, Grosvenor and Zephyr, scale 1:62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a com- pacted earthfill dam approximately 6,300 feet in length with a maximum height of 91 feet and a crown of 24 feet; semiauto- matically controlled outlet works and uncontrolled channel spill- way; and water supply appurtenances consisting of an approach channel, intake structure and a 24-inch water line through the dam. The reservoir provides a storage capacity of 25,310 acre-feet, of which 2,860 acre-feet is allocated to dead storage, 5,780 acre-feet to conservation storage, and 16,670 acre-feet to flood control storage. The project is part of the plan of improvement on Pecan Bayou for flood control and allied purposes. The dam controls 48 square 622 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 miles, and affords substantial flood protection to the city of Cole- man, Tex., and to agricultural lands in the Hords Creek Valley, and provides municipal water supply for the city of Coleman. The cost of the project (1954) is $2,029,734 for construction and $250,012 for lands and damages, a total of $2,279,746, including $105,078.69 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $47,000 (1954). The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control and allied purposes on Pecan Bayou and tributaries set forth in House Document 370, 76th Congress, 1st session, and authorized $1,400,000 for initia- tion and partial accomplishment of the plan of improvement. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized com- pletion of the plan. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Routine mainte- nance was carried on from July 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954. Total cost during the fiscal year was $30,815 for maintenance, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started during February 1947, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in June 1948. At the end of the fiscal year the project was 100 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for regular funds were $2,174,667 for new work and $120,899 for maintenance, a total of $2,295,566. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for contributed funds were $105,079 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------- ....--- -$36, 190 .... $9, 857------------..$2, 174, 667 Cost .-------- ------- $82, 842 27, 572 $26, 890 16, 746 ------------ 2, 174, 667 Maintenance: Appropriated ....--- 28, 500 16, 960 23, 100 22, 500 $30, 000 121, 060 Cost--------27, 399 18, 053 22, 430 22, 201 30, 815 120, 899 Note. In addition, $105,079 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 15. SAN ANGELO RESERVOIR, NORTH CONCHO RIVER, TEX. Location. This improvement is located on the North Concho River, a tributary of the Concho River, about 6.6 miles above the mouth of the North Concho River near the city of San Angelo, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map, Texas, scale 1:500,- 000, and sheet Wall, scale 1:62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of the San Angelo Reservoir on the North Concho River upstream from San Angelo for the control of floods and the conservation of water. The dam is of earth-filled type with an uncontrolled concrete spillway located in a draw to the south of the dam. The maximum height of the dam is 128 feet above the valley floor. The reservoir has a total capacity of 391,500 acre-feet, of which 33,900 acre-feet FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 623 is allocated to sedimentation storage, 80,400 acre-feet to conserva- tion storage, and 277,200 acre-feet to flood control storage. The reservoir provides substantial flood protection to the flood plains of the Concho and lower Colorado Rivers and to the city of San Angelo. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $11,238,043 for con- struction and $3,463,357 for lands and damages, a total of $14,701,400. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (1954). The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control on the North Concho River, Tex., as set forth in House Document 315, 76th Congress, 1st ses- sion, and authorized $2 million for the initiation and partial ac- complishment of the project. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized completion of this project. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to the San Angelo Reservoir. A water conservation contract with the Upper Colorado River Authority for conservation storage in the reservoir was approved by the Secretary of the Army on October 11, 1948, at an estimated cost of $755,000. To date the Upper Colorado River Authority has made payments in the amount of $229,688.76. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of construction of a protective fence at the outlet works, construction of a government boat dock by con- tract, and continuation of land acquisition by hired labor. Routine maintenance was carried on from July 1, 1953, to June 30, 1954. Total cost during the fiscal year was $150,809, all from regular funds, of which $104,888 was for new work and $45,921 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 99 percent complete. Construction of the project commenced during May 1947. The project was ready for beneficial use in February 1952. Work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of land acquisition. Total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1954, all from regular funds, was $14,749,287, of which $14,656,033 was for new work and $93,254 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated....---- $3, 900,000 $2, 500, 000 $1, 200, 000 -$28,000 -$115, 700 $14, 701, 400 Cost---------------- 5, 260, 775 4, 616, 781 887, 949 210, 772 104, 888 14, 656, 033 Maintenance: Appropriated ..-------------.........---- ......------------ 28, 700 24, 950 41, 658 95, 308 Cost........... ------------........................ 25, 440 21, 893 45, 921 93,254 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.-..--............ $45, 016 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ........-..-.- . ...... ... ... .............- 45,016 624 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 16. CANYON RESERVOIR, GUADALUPE RIVER, TEX. Location. The improvement is located in Comal County, Tex., on the Guadalupe River, 303 miles above its mouth, and about 12 miles northwest of New Braunfels, Tex. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam 6,990 feet long, consisting of a main dam 4,540 feet long, a gate-controlled concrete gravity saddle spillway section 896 feet long, and dikes totaling 1,554 feet. Maxi- mum height of dam is 237 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir will have a total storage capacity of 1,144,800 acre-feet, includ- ing 337,700 acre-feet of flood control storage, 445,100 acre-feet for conservation storage and possible future power development, and 362,000 acre-feet of dead storage. The power installation will have a total installed capacity of 45,000 kilowatts. The dam will control 1,425 square miles. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $30,590,000 for con- struction and $2,210,000 for lands and damages, a total of $32,- 800,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 247, 76th Cong., 1st sess.), subject to the following provision: That whenever any power project, not under Federal license, is benefited by the Canyon Reservoir project, the Federal Power Commission after notice to the owner or owners of such unlicensed project and after opportunity for hearing, shall determine and fix a reasonable and equitable annual charge to be paid to the United States, on account of such benefits by said owner or owners or other recipients of such benefits. The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of completion of design memorandum on power development and a review of preliminary investigations and engineering studies with a view to elimination of power develop- ment. Total cost during the fiscal year was $1,238, all for new work from regular funds by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 2 per- cent complete. Engineering and design was 26 percent complete. Total cost under the existing project, all for new work from regular funds, was $558,828. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --------..... $150, 000 $56, 100 -$872 $3, 000 ............ $558, 828 Cost.---------------- 150,122 104, 992 5,121 1, 762 $1, 238 558, 828 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_................................................ $32,241,172 FLOOD CONTROL--FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 625 17. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1 1. Brady, Brady Creek, Tex. ------------------ 2 _ 1949 $72,077. 61 ------------ $1, 872, 922.39 2. Eastland, Leon River, Tex. ---___ --- ____- 1948 --------------------- 193, 000. 00 3. Lake Brownwood Reservoir, Pecan Bayou, 1952 190, 444.61-15, 009, 555. 39 Tex.5 1 Five year limitation for local assurances expired Feb. 1, 1954. This project will be deleted in future submissions of the annual report. 2 No appropriations to date. s Awaiting Congressional action on project modifications. 18. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of work performed on authorized reports during the fiscal year amounted to $26,160. The uncosted balance of $801 at the end of the fiscal year, plus an allotment of $10,000 will be applied to continuation of studies on Richland, Chambers, and Cedar Creeks. Collection and study of basic data. The cost of work on collec- tion and study of basic data during the fiscal year amounted to $4,000. Work performed consisted of stream gaging, collecting rain gage data, storm studies, sedimentation studies, flood emer- gency studies, reservoir regulation studies, hydrologic studies, and flood investigations. An allotment of $27,000 can be profitably expended for work under this category during fiscal year 1955. 19. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Inspection of completed local flood protection projects is made periodically in compliance with Section 208.10 of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, which contains regulations for the operation and maintenance of local flood protection works approved by the Secretary of the Army in accordance with authority contained in Section 3 of the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Floodways and levees of the Dallas Floodway, Fort Worth Flood- way, and Pleasanton Floodway, as well as 28 levee districts, have been inspected during the fiscal year. The cost of work under this heading during fiscal year 1954 was $2,323. Cost and fnancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... __ -_....... $3, 000 $3, 900 $2, 500 $2, 300 $11, 700 Cost 379 6, 521 2, 356 2, 323 11, 579 626 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 20. EMERGENCY FLOOD CONTROL WORK Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress under authority of section 205 of the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 30, 1948, as amended. Pursuant to this authorization allotments totaling $279,451 have been made in fiscal years 1951-1954, inclusive, covering four projects, namely: flood protection along the Atascosa River at Pleasanton, Texas; flood protection along San Diego Creek at Alice, Texas; flood protection along Tranquitas Creek at Kingsville, Texas; and flood protection along Paesta Creek at Beeville, Texas. Pleasanton: The project is located at Pleasanton, Atascosa County, Texas, on the Atascosa River, approximately 56 miles above its confluence with the Nueces River and 33 miles south of San Antonio, Texas, and provides for channel enlargement along the Atascosa River for a distance of 13,385 feet, channel enlarge- ment along Bonita Creek for a distance of 3,900 feet, clearing the channel of the Atascosa River of brush and small growing timber from river mile 53.0 to river mile 57.1, an earth levee 1,970 feet long along the left bank of Bonita Creek, and scour protec- tion in the excavated channel of the Atascosa River at the Missouri Pacific Railroad bridge, U. S. Highway 281 bridge, and the County highway bridge. The project has been completed and was ac- cepted by the city of Pleasanton on September 1, 1953. Total cost during the fiscal year was $296. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $123,801, all for new work from regular funds. San Diego Creek: The project is located at Alice, Jim Wells County, Texas, on San Diego Creek. The city of Alice is approxi- mately 40 miles west of Corpus Christi, Texas, and 120 miles south of San Antonio, Texas. The proposed project provides for chan- nel enlargement along San Diego Creek for a distance of 17,251 feet, construction of a levee 18,019 feet long, and one section of steel sheet pile wall with concrete cap totaling 227 feet in length, both located along the right bank of the San Diego Creek and generally parallel to the improved channel. The estimated Federal cost for construction (1954) is $145,650. The estimated cost to local interests includes $28,120 for lands and damages and a cash contribution of $12,000, a total of $40,120. The total cost during the fiscal year was $12,154. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $19,154, all for new work from regular funds. Allotments for the Alice project totaled $145,650 to June 30, 1954. Tranquitas Creek: The proposed project is located at Kingsville, Kleberg County, Texas, on Tranquitas Creek. The city of Kings- ville is located about 34 miles southwest of Corpus Christi, Texas, and about 140 miles southeast of San Antonio, Texas. The pro- posed project provides for channel enlargement along Tranquitas Creek for a distance of about 12,600 feet, clearing about 150 acres along Tranquitas Creek channel from its mouth upstream about 31,500 feet, and channel paving under two highway bridges and FLOOD CONTROL-FORT WORTH, TEX., DISTRICT 627 one railroad bridge. The estimated Federal cost for construction (1954) is $111,000. The cost to local interests, including lands and damages and enlargement of one highway bridge opening, is estimated at $51,000. The total cost during the fiscal year was $4,235. The total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $4,235, all for new work from regular funds. Allotments for the Kingsville project totaled $7,000 to June 30, 1954. Paesta Creek: The proposed project is located at Beeville, Bee County, Texas, on Paesta Creek. The city of Beeville is located about 50 miles northwest of Corpus Christi, Texas, and about 84 miles southeast of San Antonio, Texas. Surveys and studies were initiated but since Federal responsibility was not involved and a project could not be developed under Section 212, preliminary in- vestigations were accordingly discontinued. Total cost during the fiscal year was $2,160, and the total cost under the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $2,160. Allot- ments for the Beeville project totaled $3,000 to June 30, 1954. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--..--_-------------- $93, 700 --- $38, 100 $147, 651 $279, 451 Cost----------------------- 11, 849 $10, 411 108, 246 18,845 149,350 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.....------------........... 8129, 741 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955...............----------- ----------. 129, 741 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project.......-----------.... ----....................... ------ ------------........ 104, 000 21. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood Control Emergencies--Repair and Flood Fighting and rescue work (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and sup- plemental authorizations). The cost of work performed during the fiscal year amounted to $63,810. Operations consisted of completing repairs on breached sections of levees in three levee districts, and flood fighting on the Sabine River. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 ing fscal years 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ $134,923 $10, 722 $48, 920 $9, 542 $197, 200 $608, 307 Cost ---------------- 144, 044 112, 344 15, 970 31,080 63,810 461, 585 FLOOD CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS IN THE ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT The district comprises the watershed of the Canadian River and tributaries entering the river west of the Texas-New Mexico State line; the watershed of the Arkansas River and tributaries entering the river west of and including Walnut Creek, Kans., the watershed of the Rio Grande and tributaries entering the river west of and including the Pecos River and its tributaries; and the watershed of the Mimbres River and its tributaries in New Mexico. IMPROVEMENTS Flood control Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Pueblo, Arkansas River, Colo_. 629 6. Rio Grande Floodway, Rio 2. John Martin Reservoir, Arkan- Grande, N. Mex... ............ 636 sas River, Colo. (formerly 7. Inactive flood control projects.. 638 Caddoa Reservoir) ---....------..... 630 8. General investigations--............ 638 3. Conchas Reservoir, Canadian 9. Inspection of completed flood River, near Tucumcari, N. control works.......................... 638 Mex-........................................ 632 10. Scheduling of flood control res- 4. Chamita Reservoir Project, Rio ervoir operations.................... 639 Chama, N. Mex..................... 633 11. Flood control work under special 5. Jemez Canyon Reservoir, authorizations.............__.......... 639 Jemez Creek, N. Mex-----......--.... 635 1. PUEBLO, ARKANSAS RIVER, COLO. Location. The project is located in the city of Pueblo, Pueblo County, Colo., on the Arkansas River, about 171 miles downstream from its source and about 1,279 river miles upstream from its mouth. (See U. S. Geological Survey Maps, Pueblo, Colo., quad- rangle, 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides additional local flood protection for the area subject to inundation by back- water at Pueblo, Colo., by the construction of a levee extending from the north abutment of the Santa Fe Avenue Bridge to high ground, adjacent to the Missouri Pacific Railroad right-of-way, the levee to have a 10-foot crown width and a 4-inch filter blanket and 10 inches of riprap cover on the river side; and a drainage struc- ture with flap gates under the levee. The estimated Federal cost of construction is $201,958 and the estimated cost to local interests is $4,950 for lands and damages, a total of $206,908 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 327, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements, local interests are required to protect the flood carrying capacity of the floodway, between river miles 1,276.5 and 1,281.5, from future encroachments or obstructions and preserve and maintain un- impaired the capacity of the old channel of the Arkansas River between the Southern Colorado Power Co.'s dam and the proposed levee crossing for the purpose of handling internal drainage. 629 630 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the project by contract was completed during fiscal year 1953. The costs during the fiscal year were $63. Condition at end of fiscal year. The construction of the project which was initiated on May 1, 1952, was completed on November 11, 1952. Maintenance of the project has been assumed by local interests in accordance with the requirements of the authorizing act. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $201,958, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--------.......-............ 217, 500 -$15, 171 -$371 201, 958 Cost--------------- _--------._-.-----112, 001 $89, 894 $63 201, 958 2. JOHN MARTIN RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, COLO. (FORMERLY CADDOA RESERVOIR) Location. John Martin Reservoir is located on the Arkansas River 1,155 miles upstream from its mouth, 295 miles downstream from its source, and in Bent County, about 18 miles upstream from the city of Lamar, Colo. ( See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Lamar and Las Animas (Colo.) quadrangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The existing project consists of a dam and reservoir for flood control and water conservation in Colorado and Kansas. The dam is a concrete and earth fill structure approxi- mately 130 feet high with an overflow gated spillway 1,174 feet long. The earth section extending to the abutments flanks the concrete gravity section in the valley, and earth dikes on each abutment in continuation of the earth section extend to high ground, making the overall length of the structure approximately 2.6 miles. The reservoir, which controls 18,933 square miles, is one unit of a comprehensive reservoir plan for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin, has a storage capacity of 279,200 acre-feet for flood control, and 383,700 acre-feet for conservation, a total of 662,900 acre-feet. The estimated cost is $11,591,400 for construction, $3,546,500 for lands ahd damages, a total of $15,137,900 (1954). The current estimated annual cost of maintenance and operation is $88,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, under the title "Caddoa Reservoir, near Lamar in Colorado." (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The War Department Civil Appropriation Act approved June 24, 1940, provided that from and after the approval of that act, the Caddoa Reservoir project for flood control and water conservation in Colorado and Kansas should FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 631 be known and designated on the public records as the John Martin Reservoir project. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of a maintenance building was authorized this fiscal year from new works funds. This building had previously been budgeted as an :item of rehabilitation under Operation and Maintenance, General. Plans and specifications for the Maintenance Building were com- pleted in May 1954 and construction is scheduled to start imme- diately after July 1, 1954. Regulation of the conservation storage in the reservoir was con- tinued under the rules and regulations of the Arkansas River Com- pact. The reservoir was empty at the beginning of the fiscal year and remained empty until July 12, 1953. Storage began on that date and a maximum elevation of 3,791.94 was reached on July 14, 1953. The reservoir was empty again during the following periods: July 30 to August 2, August 5 to August 17, and August 30 to November 23, 1953, and from April 15, 1954, to the end of the fiscal year. During these periods all river flow was passed through the reservoir. Total releases for the fiscal year were 119,869 acre- feet, all of which were for irrigation. Irrigation releases ended November 23, 1953, and resumed April 7, 1954. The costs during the fiscal year were $7,187 for new work and $104,167 for maintenance. Condition at the end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete. The completed dam and appurtenances have been in opera- tion about 51/ years. The construction of the maintenance build- ing, which was authorized this fiscal year from new work funds, will be started immediately after July 1, 1954. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year under the existing project were $15,017,499 for new work, $860,743 for maintenance. In addition, costs from Emergency Relief funds for new work have been $59,977.15. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated.. __... $100, 000 ................... $67, 900 * $15, 077, 922 $....-$----1---- Cost.----------------- 19, 999 $99, 919 $3, 459 $2, 351 15, 855 * 1 15, 016, 167 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 70, 000 73, 500 99, 000 135, 700 90, 766 892, 266 -- -------- Costp -- 100, 139 66, 656 106, 869 92, 860 2 96, 253 2 852, 829 * In addition $59,977 were expended from Emergency Relief Funds for new work. I In addition $1,332 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. 2 In addition $7,914 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ................-................ $960 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.................................----............................. 960 632 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 3. CONCHAS RESERVOIR, CANADIAN RIVER, NEAR TUCUMCARI, N. MEX. Location. The dam is located in San Miguel County, N. Mex., on the Canadian River approximately one-fourth mile downstream from the confluence of the Canadian and Conchas Rivers. It is approximately 30 miles northwest of Tucumcari, N. Mex., and 743 miles upstream from the mouth of the Canadian River. The Ca- nadian River has a total length of approximately 906 miles, rises in the northeastern part of New Mexico, and flows south and east to the Arkansas River in the vicinity of Webbers Falls, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map of New Mexico, scale 1:500,000, and U. S. Geological Survey topographic map, Tucumcari quad- rangle; scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The existing project consists of a flood con- trol dam and reservoir which will also be used for irrigation and water supply purposes. The dam consists of a concrete gravity main section 235 feet high and 1,250 feet long located in the Ca- nadian River Canyon, together with earth dikes on each side having an overall length of about 3.7 miles. The main section contains conduits located in its base capable of releasing water to maintain low water flow and for drainage of the reservoir, and an overflow spillway 300 feet in length. The earth dikes are of varying heights up to 100 feet and the north dike contains a concrete ogee type emergency spillway 3,000 feet long. The project involved about 836,000 cubic yards of concrete, 3,600,000 cubic yards of fill, and 1,300,000 cubic yards of excavation. The reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 566,000 acre-feet, consisting of 279,000 acre- feet for water conservation and irrigation, 196,000 acre-feet for flood control, and 91,000 acre-feet dead storage. The dam controls 7,409 square miles of drainage area. The Federal cost was $15,- 488,908.56, including $2,279,325.70, the cost of initiating construc- tion of the project under authority of the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act .of 1935. The estimated annual cost of main- tenance and operation is $86,000 (1954). The project is based on the report of the Canadian River, N. Mex., Tex., and Okla., dated June 1, 1931, made in compliance with House Document 308, 69th Congress, 1st session, and approved by the President, July 29, 1935, under the provisions of the Emer- gency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935, and adopted by Congress in the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation of the reservoir was continued. The structures were maintained in a serviceable condition. The reservoir reached a maximum elevation of 4,174.90 on Sep- tember 3, 1953, and a minimum elevation of 4,162.07 on July 5, 1953. Irrigation releases ended December 10, 1953, and resumed March 8, 1954. Total releases for the fiscal year were 79,179 acre- feet, of which 72,142 acre-feet were for irrigation, 43 acre-feet for power production, 354 acre-feet conduit releases and 6,640 acre- feet miscellaneous losses. 2,520 acre-feet were released to Bell FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 633 Ranch for irrigation and 69,622 acre-feet to the canal of the Tu- cumcari irrigation project, under development by the United States Bureau of Reclamation. The costs for the year were $91,650 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was essen- tially completed in 1940. The reservoir and appurtenances were in good condition and in operation at the end of the fiscal year. Irrigation of some lands under the project was begun on November 24, 1945. The costs to the end of the fiscal year from reguhar funds were $12,339,605 for new work, and $1,075,307 for maintenance. The costs to the end of the fiscal year from Emergency Relief funds were $869,977.75 for new work. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year for all funds from departmental appropriations were $13,209,583 for new work and $1,075,307 for maintenance. In addition, the costs for work accom- plished in initiating the project under the provisions of the Emer- gency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935 were $2,279,325.70. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated._______ 21, 209 _ * 13, 209, 583 Cost_______________ 15, 459 15, 085 4, 456 _ __ _ *13, 209, 583 Maintenance: Appropriated __ 159, 600 62, 500 87, 695 86, 000 91, 100 1, 121, 774 Cost _---------------- 139, 906 189, 423 97, 369 47, 348 1 85, 640 1 1, 069, 297 * Includes $3,492,696, Maintenance and Improvement funds and $869,978 Emergency Relief funds, but does not include $2,279,326, the cost of initiating the project under authority of the Emergency Relief Appro- priation Act of 1935. 1In addition $6,010 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. 4. CHAMITA RESERVOIR PROJECT, RIO CHAMA, N. MEX. Location. The Chamita Reservoir project is one unit of the flood control phase of the comprehensive plan for the Rio Grande and tributaries, New Mexico. The authorized project provides for the construction of only one dam, a high dam, to be located at river mile 5 in Rio Arriba County about 6 miles northwest of Espanola, N. Mex.; however, on the basis of further studies and investiga- tions, a substitute plan has been developed which is composed of a combination of two dams, one of which is a low dam at the author- ized Chamita site and the other a high dam at a site near Abiquiu, N. Mex. Both dam sites are located in Rio Arriba County, N. Mex., on Rio Chama, a tributary of the Rio Grande. Low Chamita Dam is approximately 5 miles upstream from the confluence of Rio Chama and Rio Grande, and is about 6 miles northwest of Espanola, N. Mex. Abiquiu dam site, located near the town of Abiquiu, N. Mex., is about 25 miles upstream from the Chamita dam site. The Abiquiu Dam will control 2,147 square miles and the Chamita Dam 979 square miles. (See U.S. Geological Survey map for plan and profile of Rio Chama, N. Mex., from mouth to mile 103, sheet 1.) The substitute plan is considered the most economical and practical plan for protecting the Espanola and Middle Valleys of Rio Grande 634 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 from sediment and floods originating in the Rio Chama watershed. It will also provide the same degree of protection as the authorized plan and will offer several distinct advantages, including a very substantial saving in first cost. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of two dams for flood control and sediment storage as an aid in the prevention of flood damages and river sedimentation in Espanola and Middle Valleys of Rio Grande in New Mexico. Abiqutu Dam is an earthfill dam about 1,500 feet in length, rising 318 feet above streambed, with a combination type outlet works. This outlet works provides for controlled and uncontrolled releases of flood waters. The controlled outlet consists of a 12-foot- diameter conduit with regulating gates, and the uncontrolled out- let consists of a 10-foot-diameter inclined tunnel which discharges into the 12-foot-diameter tunnel below the regulation gates. The inlet to the uncontrolled outlet would be provided with a concrete ogee weir 16 feet high which limits the flood control and sediment storage capacity of the reservoir to 562,000 acre-feet. After com- pletion of Low Chamita Dam, the concrete weir at the inlet to the uncontrolled outlet would be removed which would reduce the flood and sediment storage capacity of the reservoir to 449,000 acre-feet and limit the combined capacity of Abiquiu and Low Chamita Dams to 700,000 acre-feet for flood and sediment storage. An uncon- trolled spillway with bottom width of 25 feet would be located in a natural saddle about 1 mile north of the left abutment. The reser- voir will have a capacity of 1,211,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. The uncontrolled outlet tunnel was provided in order to limit the reservoir storage to the required flood and sediment control capaci- ties pursuant to the provisions of the authorizing legislation and to satisfy the interests of the State of Texas under the Rio Grande Compact. Low Chamita Dam is an earthfill dam about 5,700 feet in length, rising to a height of 148 feet above streambed, with an offchannel uncontrolled, concrete-lined spillway, and an outlet works com- prised of a gate structure, stilling basin, and a flood control conduit 13 feet in diameter. The reservoir will have a storage capacity at spillway crest of 251,000 acre-feet for flood control and sediment storage. The estimated costs are as follows: Abiquiu Dam: $12,350,000 for construction and $250,000 for lands and damages, a total of $12,600,000 (1954). Low Chamita Dam: $13,743,000 for construction and $957,000 for lands and damages, a total of $14,700,000 (1954). Total project cost (substitute plan-Abiquiu and Low Chamita Dams combined): $26,093,000 for construction and $1,207,000 for lands and damages, a total of $27,300,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Engineering studies were continued and subsurface explorations were initiated for Abiquiu Dam. The costs during the fiscal year were $124,546 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 635 Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Planning is 38 percent complete. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $436,292 all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--------........ $75, 000 $127, 000 $56, 100 $55, 000 $132, 000 $445, 100 Cost----------------- 36,695 112, 202 109, 203 53, 646 * 118, 153 * 429, 899 * In addition $6,393 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. Other new work data: $198 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------.................---... Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------............ 175,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending 175, 198 June 30, 1955-----------------------------------------.................. Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project.....................-------------------......... 26, 679,900 5. JEMEZ CANYON DAM AND RESERVOIR, JEMEZ CREEK, N. MEX. Location. The project is located in Sandoval County, N. Mex., on Jemez Creek approximately 2 miles upstream from the conflu- ence of Jemez Creek and Rio Grande, about 5 miles northwest of Bernalillo, New Mexico. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Bernalillo quadrangle, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a dam and reservoir for flood control and sediment storage. The dam is an earthfill dam rising 136 feet above the stream bed with an ungated saddle spillway. The dam has a length of 780 feet for the earthfill section plus an additional 500 feet for the spillway. The reservoir, which controls 1,034 square miles, is one unit of the flood control phase of a comprehensive plan for Rio Grande and tributaries, New Mexico, will have a capacity for flood control and for sediment storage of 120,000 acre-feet, of which it is estimated that 73,000 acre-feet will be available for the storage of flood- waters at the end of 50 years. The estimated costs are $4,048,700 for construction and $6,900 for lands and damages, a total of $4,055,600 (1954). The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $33,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the dam and spillway, the Santa Ana Pueblo protection works and pub- lic use facilities by contract was completed. The construction of additional facilities and structural repairs by contract was initiated on February 15, 1954, and was completed on May 5, 1954. Manuals for operation and maintenance and reservoir regulation were pre- pared. All land acquisition was completed. Since the project was completed and placed in operation in Oc- tober 1953, the sluice gates have been kept open. During the fall and winter months, the flow was very low and of no consequence. 636 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 There was no occasion for flood control regulation. The maximum peak flow through the dam during the snow melt runoff was about 1,000 cubic feet per second. The costs during the fiscal year were $563,952 for new work and 413,678 for maintenance. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated on May 4, 1950, and was completed on October 7, 1953. Total costs under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $4,050,285 for new work and $13,678 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ....... $750,000 $500, 000 $900, 000 $2, 044, 627 -$139, 000 $4, 055, 627 - Cost ....... _ - 236,384 933,985 781, 082 1, 534, 882 1563, 723 14, 050, 056 Maintenance: Appropriated -- -. - - 15, 434 15, 434 Cost - - . . . . . . . .-- 2 12, 080 2 12, 080 1 In addition $229 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. 2 In addition $1,598 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis* tributions. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 $1, 116 ...... ..................... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----....---------................................................. 1,116 6. RIO GRANDE FLOODWAY, RIO GRANDE, N. MEX. Location. The project is located on the Rio Grande in New Mexico. It covers the section of the river commencing near Truth or Consequences (formerly Hot Springs) and going upstream to the lower end of the Rio Grande Canyon, approximately 14 miles upstream from Espanola. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for flood protection and major drainage improvements by channel rectifica- tion and levee enlargement and construction as a joint undertaking by the Bureau of Reclamation and the Corps of Engineers between river miles 123 and 394 (river mile 0 being at the intersection of the New Mexico-Texas State line with the international boundary at El Paso). The portion to be accomplished by the Corps of Engi- neers will consist of levee enlargement and construction and bank protection work where necessary to protect levees. Levees con- structed by local interests now exist through the reach of the river involved, but are not uniform as to grade, section or standard of construction and in many places are threatened by the meandering river channel. These levees will be modified and supplemented by additional levees where required. The levees as modified or con- :structed will have a standard section with a crown of 10 feet, 3 on 1 side slopes and a freeboard of 3 feet above maximum water sur- face. Based on studies performed it is definitely known that the cost of the proposed work for the entire floodway, if accomplished to FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 637 adequate standards, will exceed by several times the estimated cost as contained in the authorized plan. The authorized plan was predicated upon general investigations and local conditions prevail- ing in the mid-1940's; however, as a result of detailed engineering investigations and designs the plan has been materially altered, taking into account recent local developments, and previously un- disclosed foundation and seepage conditions. The character and amount of stabilization works have also been increased based upon further design studies and observation of the river's behavior. Since detailed plans and specifications and engineering and design studies are not sufficiently advanced, except for the Albuquerque unit, to determine the quantities of work involved from which a realistic estimate of cost of the entire floodway can be determined, it was decided to initiate construction in the Albuquerque unit first- with funds appropriated for fiscal year 1953 and 1954 and initiate a review of the entire project with a view to development of a firm plan for the remainder of the floodway. At the time this decision was made an estimate of $5 million (1954) was established for levee and flood control work in the Albuquerque unit only. Several plans of improvement have been investigated; however, a firm plan has not been adopted. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 30, 1948, and May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. In addition, local interests must assume responsibility for all highway bridge and public utility relocations or replacements required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies and the review of the entire project were continued. Construction of the first phase of the Albuquerque Unit by contract was initiated on May 21, 1954. Plans and specifications for Phase II of the Albuquerque Unit were completed and work on the plans for Phase III was initiated. The costs during the fiscal year were $185,924. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. The general design memorandum is approximately 75 percent complete. All planning for the Albuquerque Unit is approximately 80 percent complete. Construction of the Albuquerque Unit is 1 percent complete. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $371,217. Cost and financial summary' Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated.. ..-------- $50, 000 $10, 000 -$15, 481 $249, 000 $300, 000 $693, 519 Cost.--_ _----------- 2, 331 33, 588 8, 600 140. 774 * 173, 064 * 358, 357 * In addition $12,860 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .91, 024 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_. 650, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- --- - - - -- - - --........ 741, 024 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ......-. .. 3, 656, 4811 638 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 7. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures to For last June 30, 1954 Estimated Name of project full report amount see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Colorado Springs, Fountaine Que Bouille River, Colo.....---------------------------- 1952 1$804, 008. 05 (2) $1, 806, 972 2. Trinidad, Purgatoire River, Colo ..------------- 1951 53, 027.93 (3) 3. Creede, Willow Creek, Colo----------_ ------- 1952 219, 788. 99 (2) 4. Bluewater Floodway, Bluewater Creek, N. Mex............-------......................--------------------------.. 1951 ----------...- () 5 248, 000. 00 1Does not include $242,000 contributed funds. 2 Maintenance assumed by local interests as required by the authorizing act. ' A requirement of local cooperation. 4 Pending final action on Purgatoire (Picket Wire) River, Colo, review survey report which was sub- mitted by the district on June 30, 1953, and was forwarded to the Chief of Engineers on October 1, 1953. ' In addition, local interests are required to contribute the sum of $75, 000 toward the cost of construction. 8. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of all work under this heading during the fiscal year was $97,331. The balance unex- pended at the end of the fiscal year, $9,627, and $74,000 to be al- lotted for fiscal year 1955, amounting to a total of $83,627 will be applied to accounts payable on June 30, 1954, $11,098, and as needed during fiscal year 1955 for expenditures under this heading. Included under this heading are a special study involving a com- prehensive basin-wide investigation covering the Arkansas, White and Red River Basins; Ark., La., Okla., Tex., N. Mex., Colo., Kans., and Mo., as reported in Vol. 1, and several flood control studies. Collection and study of basic data. Also included under this heading are miscellaneous studies involving the collection and study of basic data such as, stream flow data, recording rain gage data, hydrometeorological studies, Fish and Wild Life studies, storm studies, sedimentation studies, flood emergency studies, reservoir regulation studies, hydrologic studies, and flood investi- gations not assignable to authorized projects or studies. 9. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The cost of all work under this heading during the fiscal year was $152. Included under this heading is the inspection of com- pleted flood control projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. During the fiscal year projects in Colo. and N. Mex. were inspected. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $1,203. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to Jlme 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Cost _--.--d ------------ 126 $648 277 152 1,203 FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 639 10. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, Section 7, Public Law 534, 78th Congress, 2d Session, authorized the Secre- tary of War to prescribe regulations for the use of storage allocated for flood control or navigation at all reservoirs constructed wholly or in part with Federal funds provided on the basis of such pur- poses, and the operation of any such project shall be in accordance with such regulations: Provided, that this section shall not apply to the Tennessee Valley Authority, except that in case of danger from floods on the Lower Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, the Ten- nessee Valley authority is directed to regulate the release of water from the Tennessee River into the Ohio River in accordance with such instructions as may be issued by the War Department. Pursuant to this Act, expenditures were made during fiscal years 1952 and 1953 for scheduling of flood control reservoir operations and the preparation of reservoir regulation manual for Platoro Dam, located on the Conejos River, near the Town of Platoro, Cone- jos County, Colo. Platoro Dam was authorized by the Congress in the Interior Appropriation Act of 1941 (Act of June 18, 1940, ch. 395, 54 Stat. 406). (See House Doc. 693, 76th Cong., 3d Session.) Construction of the project was completed by the Bureau of Reclamation during fiscal year 1952. There were no flood control operations of Platoro Reservoir dur- ing the fiscal year. Work on the reservoir regulation manual was continued. Costs during the fiscal year were $9,517. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $11,975. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ._ .30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated $2, 300 $9, 000 $4, 700 $16, 000 Cost -- . ..-- -I- -- . 809 1, 649 * 9, 388 * 11, 846 * In addition $129 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. 11. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) A project was approved at Roberta, Colo., on Timpas Creek, a tributary of the Arkansas River, but work was suspended before construction was initiated and the project was canceled during the fiscal year after it developed that local interests were unable to comply with the requirements of local cooperation. There were no costs during the fiscal year. Sig 21--639-670 640 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated $15, 714 -$6, 519 $54, 784 -$1, 623 -$17, 151 $142, 182 Cost__ 30, 157 36, 370 4, 256 27, 069 - 142, 182 Emergency bank protection (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). There were no costs during the fiscal year. Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). Pursuant to this authorization, expenditures were made in the amount of $34,916 during fiscal years 1951, 1952 and 1953 for project reports on emergency flood control measures for protection of the city of Socorro, N. Mex., along Pinon Canyon at Trinidad, Colo., and for the Arkansas River levee, Great Bend, Kans. In- strumental surveys, hydrologic studies, economic studies and in- vestigations, engineering design, and cost estimates of the Socorro, N. Mex., project were completed in fiscal year 1951; however, the report was not submitted for the reason that investigations re- vealed that a project providing a higher degree of protection would be justified. Approval was given to submit the review report on the Rio Grande in the vicinity of Socorro, authorized by resolution of the Senate Committee on Public Works adopted September 8, 1950, in lieu of the project report. During the fiscal year plans and specifications for the Pinon Canyon Dam at Trinidad, Colo., 73 feet high, 695 feet long with a 75-foot spillway, ogee weir, uncontrolled, flood control storage 560 acre-feet, located on Pinon Canyon Arroyo, 0.6 miles above Trinidad, Colo., were completed and construction was initiated on January 27, 1954, and is scheduled to be completed on September 18, 1954. The project on the Arkansas River levee, Great Bend, Kans., on the left bank of Arkansas River, 23,500 ft. of levees, average height, 10 feet, was cancelled after it developed that local interests were unable to furnish the necessary rights-of-way and easements in support of assurances given the Government. Costs during the fiscal year were $115,212. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $150,128. FLOOD CONTROL-ALBUQUERQUE, N. MEX., DISTRICT 641 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .. - 15, 300 $4, 920 $162, 470 -$417 $182, 273 _________________ __________ Cost.. 7,492 12,424 15,000 * 114,179 * 149, 095 * In addition $1,033 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. Other new work data: $19,518 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-----------................- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ ..-....................... 19,518 Flood control emergencies---repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations). A project for channel improvement and repair on Rio Grande at Riverside and Espanola, N. Mex., was authorized near the end of the fiscal year. Steps were taken prior to the end of the fiscal year to secure and verify assurances of local cooperation. Construction will be started during the first part of the next fiscal year. In addition funds were expended during the fiscal year for emergency flood fighting operations on the Arkansas and Pecos Rivers. Costs during the fiscal year were $2,019. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Cost ----------------- Appropriated_---- $48, 315 36, 441 $32, 045 14, 598 $28, 208 53, 209 $86, 767 48, 403 $124, 000 11, 338 $418, 607 * 1 248, 366 * Does not include $41,343 stock account. 1 In addition $681 costs are recorded in general ledger account 114-Prepayments for accrued cost dis- tributions. (Credit of $4,456 received from Abeytas-Bernardo Area Project for sand bags and steel cable.) Emergency flood control work under authority of Public Laws 138 and 318, 78th Congress; Public Law 75, 79th Congress; and Public Laws 102 and 858, 80th Congress. There were no costs during the fiscal year. Emergency Flood Control Work under authority of Public Law 371, 82d Congress, approved June 4, 1952. 642 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Pursuant to this authorization, expenditures were made during fiscal year 1953 and 1954 for repair and rehabilitation of levees and levee protection works damaged by floods on Rio Grande in New Mexico in the areas and locations listed below: Area of location June 0, 1954 Abeytas-Bernardo area-_ - ... ..... ................. -- -1 $131, 014 Santa D omingo area-_-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 29, 879 Opposite Jemez Creek -..................----- 89, 762 Bernalillo Sawm ill area _ -- - -- -- - -- -- - -- -- - - . . . . . .. . . . . . . 79, 083 Sandia Pueblo area - - - - - _- - - - - - _-_-- - _- - - - - -- - -- - -- 84, 682 Chical area_ -_-- --_ - -- -------------- -------- ------- -------------- 64, 816 8--- Los Lentes area-.. __... __- -- - 73, 006 Below Los Lunas.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32, 806 1 Includes $44, 119 by transfer of funds from the Bureau of Reclamation. In addition to levee repairs and rehabilitation, construction in the Abeytas-Bernardo area involved closing a breach in the levee to keep the river from entering a riverside drain and bypassing its present channel and causing damage to an adjacent U. S. High- way 60 bridge across the drain and a large section of the track of the A. T. & S. F. Ry. and a section of U. S. Highway 85 that parallels the drain. In addition, the Bureau of Reclamation trans- ferred funds in the amount of $44,119 to the Corps of Engineers for the construction of a reinforced concrete drainage structure at a major break in the levee near Bernardo, N. Mex., to be used for diversion of low flows of the river into the San Francisco drain- age canal for irrigation purposes. The Bureau of Reclamation was performing work in the area simultaneously with that being performed by the Corps of Engineers and the inclusion of the drainage structure in the Corps' portion of the work resulted in the most economical contract operations by both agencies. Construction in the Abeytas-Bernardo area was initiated on April 20, 1953, and completed Oct. 12, 1953, and construction in the other seven areas listed above was initiated on April 9, 1953 and completed September 26, 1953. Costs during the fiscal year were $278,550. Total costs for all work under this heading to the end of the fiscal year were $585,048. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated- - --- .--- ----------- ---------- 615, 938 -$30, 890 * 585, 048 Cost _------------- --------- ------------------------ : 306, 498 278,550 * 585, 048 * Includes $44,119 from Bureau of Reclamation. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT This district comprises the northern and western portions of Arkansas, a portion of southern Missouri, and a small portion of eastern Oklahoma embraced in the drainage basins of the Ar- kansas River and tributaries above and exclusive of Pine Bluff, Ark., and below the mouth of Poteau River, near Fort Smith, Ark., and of the White River and tributaries above Peach Orchard Bluff, Ark. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Arkansas River and tributaries, 9. From North Little Rock to Ark. and Okla., navigation Gillett, Ark. (above Plum 643 features..........------------..........-------.....------- Bayou)........................... ... 661 2. Inactive navigation projects ..... 650 10. South Bank Arkansas River (head of Fourche Island to Flood control Pennington Bayou), Ark -...... 662 3. White River Basin, Little Rock 11. Arkansas River Basin, Little D istrict .................................... 650 Rock District .........-........... 663 4. Table Rock Reservoir, White 12. Blue Mountain Reservoir, Ar- River Basin, Mo.................... 653 kansas River Basin, Ark........ 664 5. Bull Shoals Reservoir, White 13. Nimrod Reservoir, Arkansas River Basin, Ark.................. 655 River Basin, Ark ............. 666 6. Norfork Reservoir, White River 14. Inactive flood control projects.. 668 Basin, Ark....---.-.-. - - .. --...... 656 15. General investigations ........... 668 7. Clearwater Reservoir, White 16. Inspection of completed flood River Basin, Mo... ......... 658 control works _...................... 669 8. Crawford County Levee Dis- 17. Flood control work under special trict, Arkansas River, Ark .. 660 authorization ... _................. 669 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARK. AND OKLA., NAVIGATION FEATURES Location. The Arkansas River rises in the Rocky Mountains near Leadville, Colo., and flows southeastward for about 1,450 miles through the States of Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas to join the Mississippi River at a point about 575 miles above the Head of Passes, La. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps, scale 1:500,000.) Previous projects. Previous projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 3, 1832, April 8, 1876, March 3, 1879, June 14, 1880, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886, August 11, 1888, June 13, 1902, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1066, Annual Report for 1932, and pages 744, 864, and 881, Annual Report for 1943. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, approved the multiple purpose plan recommended in the report of the Chief of Engineers dated September 20, 1945 (H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), and letter of the Chief of Engineers dated March 19, 1946, and limited appropriations thereunder to $55 million for initiation and partial accomplishment of the project. The Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, increased the authoriza- tion for appropriations by $1 million by authorization to construct, as an emergency measure, bank protection and control works at 643 644 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Bradens Bend, Okla., thereby increasing the total authorization to $56 million. The River and Harbor and Flood Control Acts of May 17, 1950, increased the' authorization for appropriations an additional $80 million or to a total of $136 million and modified the multiple-purpose plan and the general comprehensive plan for flood control by substitution of Keystone Reservoir, located on the Arkansas River 538.9 miles above the mouth, for the ap- proved Mannford Reservoir on the Cimarron River and by deletion of the approved Blackburn and Taft Reservoirs on the Arkansas River as recommended by the Chief of Engineers (S. Doc. 107, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Details concerning the Keystone Reservoir are shown under flood control, Tulsa district. The existing project provides for improvement of the Arkansas River and tributaries by construction of coordinated developments to serve navigation, produce hydroelectric power, afford additional flood control, and provide related benefits in connection with other activities such as recreation and wildlife propagation. The naviga- tion features provide for a channel 9 feet deep following generally the Verdigris River from Catoosa, Okla., 52 miles downstream to the Arkansas River; thence along the channel of the latter stream to mile 51 (1940 survey) ; thence by a land cut, designated as the Arkansas Post route, to the White River at mile 18.3; thence along the channel of the White River to mile 7.8; thence by a land cut to the Mississippi River at a point about 590.5 miles above the Head of Passes, La. The waterway would be canalized throughout its length by 3 navigation locks and dams on the Verdigris River and 16 navigation locks and dams and 4 navigation and hydro- electric power dams downstream therefrom. The four navigation and power dams are the Webbers Falls, Short Mountain, Ozark, and Dardanelle projects. Lock chambers are 110 by 600 feet on the Arkansas and White Rivers and 83 by 600 feet on the Verdigris River. A minimum channel width of 150 feet is proposed for the Verdigris River section and 250 feet for the Arkansas and White River sections. The Federal cost of the project (July 1954) is $909,360,000 for new work and is itemized in the following table. Feature Location' Estimated cost TULSA DISTRICT :MvAIN STEM RESERVOIRS Webbers Falls Dam and Reservoir..... Verdigris River-mile 4, Arkansas River-mile $75, 800, 000 432.3. Short Mountain Dam and Reservoir ... Arkansas River-mile 432.3 to 395.4_ 116, 000,000 LOCKS AND DAMS No. 3_ Verdigris River-pool-mile 52 to 37.2 - 19, 500, 000 - ...__... ----- N o . 2 . .- -- _..---.. . . . . . V erdigris R iv er- p o ol- m ile 3 7.2 to 19.4 ... Verdigris River-pool-mile 19.4 to 4- -- 15,700 , 000 14, 900, 000 No. 1_ ___ -. Channel cutoffs, enlargements, and Verdigris River-mile 63 to mile0. 19, 900, 000 turning basin. No. 25--................. _ . ............ Arkansas River-pool-mile 395.4 to 376.2.. 31, 400, 000 ........Arkansas River Dredging...................... _ 12,600, 000 BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION Short Mountain to Wilsons Rock Arkansas River-mile 395.4 to 376.5 . 9, 800, 000 Wilsons Rock to Fort Smith...... Arkansas River-mile 376.5 to 362 ....... 6, 100, 000 Total, Tulsa district ................. .........- -. 321,200, 000 See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 645 Feature Location I Estimated cost - ~~~I------- LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT MAIN STEM RESERVOIRS Ozark Dam and Reservoir _....... Arkansas River-mile 346.5 to 319_ _ $54, 800, 000 Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir .... _ . Arkansas River-mile 301.8 to 257.8_ 94, 600, 000 LOCKS AND DAMS No. 22-A - -- Arkansas River-pool-mile 376.2 to 346.5 ..... 23, 800, 000 Dredging Arkansas River..........................----- 2, 300, 000 No. 19-A ..... . . ...-. .. . . Arkansas River-pool-mile 319 to 301.8 -- ---.- 17, 800, 000 No. 13-A Arkansas River-pool-mile 257.8 to 227.9 .... 19, 900, 000 Dredging Arkansas River.... ..------------------- 5, 900, 000 No. 12-A Arkansas River-pool-mile 227.9 to 208.2_ _ _ _. 19, 200, 000 No. 11-A Arkansas River-pool-mile 208.2 to 193.9 _ ___ 17, 700, 000 No. 10-A .. .... . .. ... . . .. Arkansas River-pool-mile 193.9 to 170.9_ __ _ 19, 000, 000 No. 9-A . . . Arkansas River-pool-mile 170.9 to 153.5 _ __ 26, 100, 000 Arkansas River-pool-mile 153.5 to 145-.. -- 19, 900, 000 No. 7 -- .... Arkansas River-pool-mile 145 to 128_.. .. _ _. 18, 800, 000 Dredging plant, including channel snag 11,600, 000 ging and dredging. BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain.. Arkansas River-pool-mile 362 to 327 .. 13, 400, 000 Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluf Arkansas River-pool-mile 327 to 285 __ _____ 5,600, 000 Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge. Arkansas River-pool-mile 257 to 221_ 13, 900, 000 Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave_ Arkansas River-pool-mile 221 to 192......... 8, 000, 000 Fourche La Fave to Little Rock-...... Arkansas River-pool-mile 192 to 165.5.. _ _ _ . 11, 700, 000 Little Rock to Jefferson County Fre Arkansas River-pool-mile 165.5 to 115.6 _ ___ 21, 600, 000 Bridge. Total, Little Rock district ...... 425, 600, 000 VICKSBURG DISTRICT LOCKS AND DAMS N o. 6 . --- -- - -- - - -- -. ... Arkansas River-pool-mile 128 to 65.3 (mile 24, 304, 100 115.6 mile 71.2). No. 5 Arkansas River-pool-mile 65.3 to 51.2_...... 19, 215, 800 No. 4 Arkansas River-pool-mile 51.2 to 37.7 . .. 20, 258, 200 No. 3 Pool-Arkansas River mile 37.7 to navigation 28, 043, 900 route mile 13.2. No. 2 Pool-navigation route mile 13.2 to navigation 10, 980, 500 route mile 10.3. No. 1 Pool-navigation route mile 10.3 to navigation 21, 666, 800 route mile 5.7 BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION Jefferson County free bridge to Rob Roy Arkansas River-mile 101.7 to 89 6, 965, 100 Bridge. Rob Roy Bridge to Arkansas Post Canal Arkansas River-mile 89 to 42..... .. 28,864, 600 Arkansas Post Canal to Yancopin Arkansas River-mile 42 to 23.5 1, 798, 000 Bridge. Yancopin Bridge to mouth_ _ _ _....... Arkansas River-mile 23.5 to 0 .. 463, 000 Total. Vicksburg district ... ... - 162, 560, 000 Total navigation project ...... . 909, 360, 000 1 Mileage from 1940 survey for Tulsa and Little Rock districts and 1943 survey for Vicksburg district. Includes cost of all plant and repair depot for entire project. The active features of the project are reported individually on following pages. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, as amended by the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, and the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide adequate terminal and transfer facilities for navigation and bear the increased cost of maintenance and operation of all altered rail 646 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 and highway routes, including bridges and appurtenances, utilities, and other existing improvements, other than federally owned. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities along the Arkansas River consist of a paved bank slope, under municipal control, at Little Rock; privately owned log slips at sawmills and stave mills at Little Rock; and sand and gravel derricks and elevators at Van Buren, Dardanelle, Little Rock, and Pine Bluff. These facilities, which are adequate for existing commerce on the river, are located at or near rail connections. Operations and results during fiscal year. Planning and con- struction of the multiple-purpose project were limited to emer- gency bank stabilization and channel rectification. Observation and study of bank caving conditions were continued and plans and specifications prepared for emergency bank stabilization and chan- nel rectification works at specific localities. For details see indi- vidual reports on following pages. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,543,081, of which $3,479,478 was for new work and $63,603 was for maintenance. The costs for new work include $1,183,485 for the Tulsa District, $1,754,892 for the Little Rock District, and $541,101 for the Vicks- burg District. The maintenance costs were for the Vicksburg District. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning for the development of the overall plan has been suspended. Definite Project studies are 54 percent complete for the Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir and 40 percent complete for Lock and Dam No. 7. Construction of the emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification is 54 percent complete. The completed bank stabilization and chan- nel rectification work amounts to about 10 percent of that work for the existing project. Details of the progress of the emer- gency bank stabilization and channel rectification work are given by districts in the individual reports on the following pages. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $13,994,469, of which $13,930,866 was for new work and $63,603 was for main- tenance. The costs for new work include $3,855,574 for the Tulsa District, $6,494,047 for the Little Rock District, and $3,581,245 for the Vicksburg District. The maintenance costs were for the Vicksburg District. BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. AND OKLA. (TULSA DISTRICT) Location. The bank stabilization, cutoffs, and channel improve- ment work are located in the reach of the Arkansas River between Short Mountain Dam site and Fort Smith, Ark., river miles 395.4 and 362, respectively. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Sans Bois (Okla.), Sallisaw (Okla.), and Fort Smith (Ark.-Okla.) quad- rangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The project consisting of training dikes, cut- offs, revetment, and other channel work, forms a unit in the multiple-purpose plan and provides for navigation of the Arkansas River. The reach and location of each bank stabilization and channel rectification project are contained in the following table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 647 Reach Location of reach Short Mountain to Wilsons Rock - -Mile _ 395.4 to mile 376.5. Wilsons Rock to Fort Smith --------------------------------- Mile 376.5 to mile 362.0. The estimated cost (July 1954) is $15,605,000 for construction and $295,000 for lands and damages, a total of $15,900,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Since the corrective bank stabilization in the reach between Wilsons Rock and Fort Smith will also protect the critical location on the right bank of Arkansas River in vicinity of Bradens Bend, Okla., the bank protection work under the Bradens Bend project as authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, will not be performed. Other data concerning the Bradens Bend project are shown under flood control, Tulsa district. Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification work on the Arkansas River between Wilsons Rock, Okla., and Fort Smith, Ark., was continued by contract. The work accomplished con- sisted of the placement of 6,138 linear feet of pile dikes and 13,389 linear feet of bank revetment. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,183,485, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Emergency bank stabilization and channel rectification works in the vicinity of Bradens Bend were initiated on May 1, 1952, and are 59 percent complete. A total of 25,705 linear feet of pile dikes and 29,069 linear feet of bank revetment have been completed. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,855,574, all for new work. BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. (LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT) Location. The several bank stabilization and channel rectifica- tion projects are laid out in various reaches extending from fixed point to fixed point on the Arkansas River from 115.6 to 362.0 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The bank stabilization and channel rectifica- tion program is a part of the general overall long range plan for multiple-purpose development of the Arkansas River. The reach and location of each bank stabilization and channel rectification project are contained in the following table. Reach Location of reach Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain-----_ - ..-------------------- Mile 362 to mile 327. Mill Creek Mountain to Morrisons Bluff-.... -------------------- Mile 327 to mile 285. Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge ...................-------------------------- Mile 257 to mile 221. Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave..........................-------------------------- Mile 221 to mile 192. Fourche La Fave to Little Rock .................................. - Mile 192 to mile 165.5. Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge-......-.....-.......... . Mile 165.5 to mile 115.6. 648 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The estimated cost (July 1954) is $72,799,000 for construction and $1,401,000 for lands and damages, totaling $74,200,000 for new work. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. In the reach from Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain, contract work was initiated and completed for excavation of 8,200 feet of cutoff channel at Trustee Bend and 8 tracts of land comprising 733 acres'were acquired. In the reach from Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge, con- struction of 13,500 linear feet of revetment was completed by con- tract, excavation of 19,600 linear feet of pilot channel at Holla Bend was initiated and completed by contract, contract was awarded for construction of control works at Holla Bend, contract was initiated and completed for construction of 2,700 linear feet of rock fill dikes at Carden's Bottom, and 24 tracts of land comprising 3,874 acres were acquired. In the reach from Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave, con- tract was initiated and completed for construction of 750 linear feet of rock fill dike at Cadron Ridge. In the reach from Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge, works by contract were initiated and completed on 3,150 linear feet of pile dikes at Estes Place and 5,000 linear feet of trench fill revetment at Waring Bend, contract work was continued on construction of revetment at Estes Place and Waring Bend, con- tinuing contract was completed for construction of a portion of the river closure structure at Hensley Bar cutoff, and 16 tracts of land comprising 364 acres were acquired. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,754,892, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. In the reach from Fort Smith to Mill Creek Mountain, excavation of the pilot channel at Trustee Bend is complete. In the reach from Dardanelle Rock to Morrilton Bridge, bank stabilization on the right bank between river miles 252.6 and 251.1 is complete, a pile dike at river mile 254 is complete, excavation of the Holla Bend cutoff pilot channel is complete, and construction of 3 pile dikes at Carden's Bottom is complete. In the reach from Morrilton Bridge to Fourche La Fave, excava- tion of the pilot channel for the Morrilton cutoff and construction of the revetment on the left bank of the cutoff and the upstream control works are complete, and construction of the Cadron Ridge dikes on the left bank near river mile 204 is complete. In the reach from Little Rock to Jefferson County Free Bridge, first stage construction of pile dikes and revetment at Estes Place and revetment at Waring Bend are complete, second stage con- struction of revetment at Estes Place and Waring Bend is about 54 percent complete, bank stabilization on both banks between river miles 127.8 and 121.3 is complete, and excavation of the pilot channel and construction of the upstream control works and RIVERS AND HARBORS-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 649 the revetment on the right bank at Hensley Bar are complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $6,494,047, all for new work. BANK STABILIZATION AND CHANNEL RECTIFICATION, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. (VICKSBURG DISTRICT) Location. The bank stabilization and channel rectification proj- ects are laid out in reaches extending from fixed point to fixed point on the Arkansas River from the mouth to 101.7 miles above the mouth. (River miles as measured on the 1943 survey.) Existing project. The bank stabilization program is a part of the general overall long-range plan for multiple-purpose develop- ment of the Arkansas River. Studies indicate that the banks of the river can be effectively stabilized only by completing an entire reach between two relatively stable or fixed points. The reach and location of each bank stabilization and channel rectification project are contained in the following table. Reach Location of reach I Jefferson County Free Bridge to Rob Roy Bridge_- ______............ Mile 101.7 to mile 89. Rob Roy Bridge to Arkansas Post Canal__________________________.. Mile 89 to mile 42. _ Arkansas Post Canal to Yancopin Bridge_ _ _ _............... _ .._ Mile 42 to mile 23.5. Yancopin Bridge to mouth -...........................---- IMile 23.5 to mile 0. SRiver mileage from 1943 survey. The estimated cost (July 1954) is $38,090,700 for construction. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 758, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. See requirements for entire project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Pile dike construc- tion in the New Gascony Reach was completed by contract. Re- vetment and pile dike construction in the New Gascony Reach (Madding) was initiated and completed by contract. Work under contract for construction of additional revetment and pile dike in the New Gascony Reach (Trulock) was initiated and is 67 per- cent complete. Repairs were made by hired labor to the revetment and pile dikes at Medford Bend. The costs during the fiscal year were $541,101 for new work and $63,603 for maintenance, totaling $604,704. Condition at end of fiscal year. Studies, planning, and design are in progress. Operative bank stabilization works in place in- clude 30,670 linear feet of revetment and 13,651 linear feet of pile dikes. Bank stabilization and channel rectification works have been constructed in the Arkansas River between Pine Bluff, Ark., and the mouth under appropriation for flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries, of which 33,275 linear feet of pile dikes and 21,755 linear feet of revetment are operative. This work is reported in the annual report of the President, Mississippi River Commission. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,581,245 for new work and $63,603 for maintenance, totaling $3,644,848. 650 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated. - - -. $1, 850, 000 $838, 000 $4, 208, 039 $3, 841, 000 $3, 731, 627 $14,968,666 Cost ---------------- 710. 770 1, 173, 613 1, 791, 413 6, 508, 674 3, 479, 478 13, 930, 866 Maintenance: Appropriated - -------- - - 65, 000 65, 000 Cost --------------------------------- 63,603 63,603 Note-Costs do not include $380,967 for new work and $942,244 for maintenance applicable to previous projects which have been included in prior year cost and financial summaries. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .....------------ _ $692, 698 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .-.. 3, 000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------.... ...... -------------------------------- 3, 692, 698 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project..----------..------------------..891, 391, 334 Unobligated balance for maintenance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 --------------..........------------------ 1,397 2. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Black River, Ark. and Mo .------------------ 1950 $80, 000 $658, 222 (1) 2. Current River, Ark. and 2Mo_- - - 1950 17, 000 125, 912 (') 3. Upper White River, Ark. 1952 813,197 3 1, 788, 374 (4 4. White River, Ark. (above Peach Orchard 1950 337, 802 5785,666 (' Bluff). 1 Channel adequate for existing commerce. Completion not contemplated. 2 Federal operation and maintenance was terminated June 30, 1952, due to lack of commerce. Facilities at lock and dam No. 1 operated and maintained by city of Batesville, Ark., under 25-year license since that date. SIncludes $1,071 expended for maintenance in fiscal year 1954 and $1,187,283 from permanent appropriation for operating and care, and cost applicable to operating and care operations in the amount of $60,614 paid from funds allotted during fiscal years 1937 and 1938 to White River for operations on both White and Upper White River projects. 4 Completed. 5 Includes $359, Little Red River, and excludes $60,614, Upper White River, Ark. 3. WHITE RIVER BASIN, LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on the White River and tributaries thereof and are in the States of Arkansas and Missouri. More definite locations of the individual items are given in the following paragraph. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, as set forth in Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized the sum of $25 million for reservoirs, for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, the reservoirs to be selected and ap- proved by the Chief of Engineers. The Flood Control Act ap- FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 651 proved August 18, 1941, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $24 million, in addition to previous authorizations, for the prose- cution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the White River Basin in Missouri and Arkansas, in- cluding the projects for flood control and other purposes recom- mended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document 917, 76th Congress, 3d session, and the modifications in the Norfork Reser- voir project recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document 290, 77th Congress, 1st session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $45 million, the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $40 million, and the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized to be ap- propriated the sum of $35 million, in addition to previous au- thorizations, for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The reservoirs included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: Dis- Drain- Power tance age Height of dam Reservoir develop- Total Reservoir River abovel Nearest town area above streambed capacity ment estimated mouth (square and type (acre- (kilo- cost 1 (miles) miles) feet) watts) I_ Table Rock 2 White ___ ..- 528.8 Branson, Mo_ 4, 020 253 feet concrete 3, 462, 000 84, 000 78, 700, 000 gravity and earthfill. Bull Shoals 2 ..... do .. 418.6 Amos, Ark___ 6, 036 258 feet concrete- 5, 408, 000 160, 000 76, 329, 000 gravity. Lone Rock__ Buffalo __... 3.6 Lone Rock, 1, 331 216 feet concrete- 687, 000 (3) 29, 460, 000 Ark. gravity. Norfork 2 ... North Fork_ 4.8 Norfork, Ark. 1, 806 222 feet concrete- 1, 983, 000 70, 000 28, 700, 000 gravity. Clearwater 2 Black -_--. 257.4 Piedmont, 898 154 feet earthfill_ 413, 000 (3) 9, 721, 200 Mo. WaterValley Eleven Point 12.6 Watervalley, 1, 152 157 feet earthfill_ 1,563, 000 (4) 15, 000, 000 Ark. Bejl Foley... Strawberry 26.2 Smithville, 520 113 feet earthfill_j 245, 000 (3) 9, 750, 000 Ark. Greers Ferry Little Red_ 77.2 Heber Springs, 1, 147 158 feet concrete- 524, 000 (3) 17, 800, 000 Ark. gravity. 1 July 1954 price levels. 2 For details of this project, see individual report. SNone. 4 Includes provisions for future power installation. Clearwater, Norfork, Bull Shoals, and Table Rock Reservoirs were selected and approved for construction by the Chief of En- gineers in accordance with the above authorization and individual reports on the four reservoirs are given in the following pages. All costs and expenditures for those four reservoirs previously reported under the heading "White River Basin, Little Rock dis- trict" have been transferred to the individual reports. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Stream gaging was continued by hired labor. Preparation of a master plan for reser- voir regulation was initiated by hired labor. One noteworthy rise occurred on the Upper White and North Fork Rivers during the fiscal year. Regulation of flow on the North Fork River in the Norfork Reservoir and on Upper White 652 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 River in the Bull Shoals Reservoir during the fiscal year prevented flooding of about 7,780 acres of improved land of which approxi- mately 3,730 and 4,050 was credited to Bull Shoals and Norfork, respectively. Flood modifications on the White River at Calico Rock, 17 miles downstream from the mouth of the North Fork River and 59 miles downstream from Bull Shoals Dam, and at Newport, 102 miles downstream from Calico Rock, are given in the following tabulation. Bull White River Item Shoals Norfork Reservoir Reservoir Calico Newport, 2 Rock, Ark.' Ark. Date of peak inflow.. ------------------------- May 3, 1954 May 2, 1954 Peak inflow, cubic feet per second...............-----------------.. 18, 500 23, 900 . Outflow coincident with peak uncontrolled flow at Calico Rock, cubic feet per second....------------ 4, 360 3 1, 230 - -- -------- Maximum pool elevation, feet above mean sea level 610. 8 523. 2 Corresponding storage utilized, acre-feet-----------.. 152, 100 42, 400 - - Experienced crest stage, feet .. . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . -.. 13. 4 19. 8 Estimated crest stage without Bull Shoals and Norfork Reservoirs, feet------------------- ---------------------- 15. 3 22. 0 Estimated reduction in stage, feet - - _ .----------- -- . __--------- ------------ 1.9 2.2 1Appreciable overflow begins at 19 feet. 'Appreciable overflow begins at 18 feet. ' For generation of continuous power. Flood regulated in power pool. The pool elevation of the Norfork Reservoir at the beginning of the fiscal year was 549.65 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 1,200,300 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 519.54 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 670,600 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was that recorded at the be- ginning of the fiscal year. The pool elevation of the Bull Shoals Reservoir at the beginning of the fiscal year was 649.85 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 2,863,600 acre-feet of total stor- age; and at the end of the fiscal year was 603.16 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 1,307,000 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was that recorded at the beginning of the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $8,653, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Planning is 57 percent com- plete for Water Valley Reservoir, 15 percent complete for Lone Rock Reservoir, and 22 percent complete for Greers Ferry Reser- voir. The progress on projects selected for construction is given in individual reports. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $823,416, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 653 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ....- $150,006 $100,000 --$142, 185 $40,000 -$15, 000 $824, 515 Cost. 28, 006 87, 477 5, 838 15, 247 8, 653 823, 416 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954._ $1, 099 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.......: ...... . ....... 1,099 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ..........--------------------------------- 71, 185, 485 4. TABLE ROCK RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. The Table Rock Dam site is at mile 528.8 on the White River in Taney County, Mo., about 8 miles upstream and southwest of Branson, Mo. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Tulsa sheet, scale 1:500,000; Harrison sheet NJ15-11, Army Map Service series V502, scale 1:250,000; U. S. Geological Survey map for Forsyth, Mo., quadrangle, scale 1:125,000.) From the dam the reservoir will extend westward into Stone and Barry Counties, Mo., and into Boone, Carroll, and Benton Counties, Ark. Existing project. The existing project is approved for the com- bined purposes of flood control, the generation of hydroelectric power, and for other beneficial uses. The project plan provides for construction of a dam 6,423 feet long consisting of a concrete gravity structure across the main part of the valley with two rolled earthfill abutment sections and a hydroelectric power gen- erating plant. The concrete portion of the dam will be 1,602 feet long and 261 feet high above the lowest point of foundation. The left abutment embankment will be 3,798 feet long, with a maximum height of 172 feet. The right abutment embankment will be 1,023 feet long, with a maximum height of 35 feet. The concrete portion of the dam will include a spillway section 531 feet long which will be bridged for a roadway across the dam. The flow over the spillway will be controlled by 10 radial crest gates 45 feet wide and 37 feet high. Flow through the dam will be regulated by four 4- by 9-foot conduits equipped with hydraulically- operated slide gates. The total discharge capacity of the outlets will be 14,500 cubic feet per second with the reservoir filled to the top of flood control pool, elevation 931. Flow to the powerplant will be through four 18-foot-diameter penstocks. The powerhouse at the downstream base of the dam will provide space for four 50,000-kilowatt generating units, two of which will be installed initially. The two initial units will produce, during an average year, 456 million kilowatt-hours of energy. The switchyard will be located on the left bank downstream from the powerhouse. The reservoir formed by the Table Rock Dam will be one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin and will control the runoff from an area of approximately 4,020 square miles. The reservoir will have a total 654 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 storage capacity of about 3,462,000 acre-feet, of which 760,000 will be for flood control and 2,702,000 for the generation of hydro- electric power. The reservoir will have an area of 52,300 acres at top of flood control pool, elevation 931, and 43,100 acres at top of power pool, elevation 915. The reservoir area will be developed for recreational purposes and provisions will be made for con- servation of wildlife. The estimated cost of the project (July 1954) is $72,931,000 for construction and $5,769,000 for lands and damages, totaling $78,700,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 917, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the access road by contract was completed. Declaration of taking was filed on 2 tracts of land totaling 801 acres. Acquisition of the quarry and reservoir area by hired labor was suspended during the fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications by hired labor was continued. The costs during the fiscal year were $351,194, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary work is 66 percent complete. Preparation of plans and specifications is about 95 percent complete. The office, service buildings, utilities, access road, and clearing of the dam site are complete. Drilling and grouting are 30 percent complete. Land for the dam site and work area has been acquired. The project as a whole is 3 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of construction plans and specifications; preparation of a master plan for reservoir management and recreation; land acquisition for the reservoir; relocations; construction of the dam, powerhouse, switchyard, and appurtenances; installation of power-generating and other allied electrical equipment; and construction of facilities for reservoir management and recreation. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $2,664,076, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: -------- Appropriated_. $125, 000 $100, 000 $150, 000 $2, 985, 000 -$1,349, 546 $2, 801, 460 Cost---------------- 36, 065 153, 249 120, 154 1, 246, 527 351,194 2, 664, 076 Other new work data: .. Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.-------------... $135,770 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-....... 4, 849, 546 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..........---------.. ------------------------------ 4, 985, 316 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-..--.....................--...................................--..---.... 70, 958,994 FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 655 5. BULL SHOALS RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Bull Shoals Dam is located at mile 418.6 on the White River in Baxter and Marion Counties, Ark., about 7 miles north of Cotter, Ark., and 10 miles west of Mountain Home, Ark. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Tulsa sheet, scale 1:500,000.) The Bull Shoals Reservoir extends northwest along White River to the Ozark Beach Dam at mile 506.1 and comprises lands in Taney and Ozark Counties, Mo., and Boone, Marion, and Baxter Counties, Ark. Existing project. The project plan consists of a gravity-type concrete dam 2,256 feet long and 258 feet in height above the streambed, and a hydroelectric power generating plant. The dam consists of a spillway section 808 feet long located above the river channel and two nonoverflow sections contiguous thereto and ex- tending into the abutments. The spillway is controlled by 17 radial crest gates 28 feet high by 40 feet long. The flood control outlets consist of sixteen 4- by 9-foot conduits through the dam at the base of the spillway which are controlled by hydraulically operated slide gates. The total capacity of the outlets is 49,000 cubic feet per second, with the reservoir filled to the top of the power pool, eleva- tion 654. The powerhouse at the base of the dam, on the left side of the spillway, is provided with eight penstocks, and four 40,000- kilowatt generating units with provisions for installation of four additional generating units in the future. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other pur- poses in the White River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of approximately 6,036 square miles. The reservoir has a total stor- age capacity of about 5,408,000 acre-feet, of which 2,360,000 acre- feet is for flood control and 3,048,000 acre-feet is for the generation of hydroelectric power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1954) is $70,452,000 for construction and $5,877,000 for lands and damages, totaling $76,- 329,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $385,000 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 917, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Contract for reloca- tion of Missouri State Highway No. 80 bridge over White River was continued. One contract for road relocation was completed and one was continued. One contract for relocation of an electric trans- mission line was awarded and one contract for relocation of a tele- phone line was completed. Contracts were awarded for bituminous surfacing of two access roads, construction of information center, and for additions to the stilling basin. Contracts were completed for furnishing the main control switchboard, automatic telephone system, and carrier current and machine shop equipment; and for bituminous surfacing of the abutment connecting roads. Installa- tion of load control, carrier current, and miscellaneous electrical equipment by hired labor was initiated. Drilling and grouting by hired labor were continued. Water supply wells and passenger 656 IREI()ORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 elevators were completed by contract. Land acquisition was com- pleted on 43 tracts totaling 2,400 acres. Ordinary operation and maintenance of the project were con- tinued. No major repairs or replacements of flood control or elec- trical generating equipment were required during the fiscal year. A total of 334,661,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was de- livered to the Southwestern Power Administration for sale. The results of operation of the Bull Shoals Reservoir for flood control are shown under the heading, "White River Basin, Little Rock district." The costs during the fiscal year were $2,303,779, of which $1,- 989,074 was for new work and $314,705 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in April 1946 and the project was ready for beneficial use for flood control in February 1951 and for generation of elec- trical energy in September 1952. The dam and appurtenances are 98 percent complete, and the powerhouse and appurtenances are 97 percent complete. The project as a whole is 98 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of relocation work and land acquisition; installation of switchboards, transformers, and load control, carrier current, and machine shop equipment; surfacing of access roads; drilling and grouting; addi- tions to stilling basin; information center; and miscellaneous minor construction work by hired labor. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were $75,213,641, of which $74,605,954 was for new work and $607,687 was for maintenance. Cost and financial su rmrary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated $512,901, 500 $16, 272, 000 $14, 960.000 $995, 000 $768, 800 $75, 097, 300 Cost- ....... 15,028,377 15, 412, 982 13, 731, 952 5, 097, 450 1, 989, 074 74, 605, 954 Maintenance: Appropriated . _ _ ...... . _ . ------------ 51,461 256, 000 306, 000 613, 461 Cost ..-..- - - 51, 276 241, 705 314, 705 607, 687 Other new work data: IUnobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-...............--------------.$230, 740 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........-------. 931, 200 Unobhgated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending . ......... June 30, 19551.......................................................... 1,165, 293 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project..----------.................................... 300, 500 Unobligated balance for maintenance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .. .. .. 3, 353 6. NORFORK RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Norfork Dam is located on the North Fork River about 4.8 miles above its confluence with the White River, near Norfork, Baxter County, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Mountain Home, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1:125,000). Norfork Reservoir extends northward from the dam across Baxter County, Ark., into Ozark County, Mo. FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 657 Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a con- crete gravity-type dam 2,624 feet long and 222 feet in height above the streambed. The dam consists of a spillway section 568 feet long located above the river channel and two nonoverflow sections contiguous thereto and extending into the abutments. The spillway is controlled by 12 radial crest gates 28 feet high and 40 feet long. The flood control outlets consist of eleven 4- by 6-foot conduits through the dam at the base of the spillway which are controlled by hydraulically-operated slide gates. The total capacity of the outlets is about 23,000 cubic feet per second with the reservoir filled to top of power pool, elevation 552. The power- house at the base of the dam on the right side of the spillway is provided with two penstocks and two 35,000-kilowatt generating units. Two additional penstocks are provided through the dam for installation of additional generating units in the future. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, controls 1,806 square miles, or practically the entire drainage area of the North Fork River. It has a total storage capacity of about 1,983,000 acre- feet, of which 732,000 acre-feet is for flood control and 1,251,000 is for generation of power. The estimated cost of the project (July 1954) is $27,508,000 for construction and $1,192,000 for lands and damages, totaling $28,- 700,000. The estimated cost for annual maintenance is $260,000 (July 1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 290, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Six contracts for furnishing miscellaneous electrical equipment were awarded, 4 were completed, and 1 was continued. Three contracts for bitu- minous surfacing of access roads were awarded and 1 was com- pleted. Removal of the test tainter gate by hired labor was completed. Water supply wells were completed by contract. Con- struction of sanitary facilities for public use by contract was con- tinued. Installation of powerhouse control lighting by hired labor was initiated. Ordinary operation and maintenance of the project were con- tinued. No major repairs or replacements of flood-control or elec- trical generating equipment were required during the fiscal year. A total of 132,752,700 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy was de- livered to the Southwestern Power Administration for sale. The results of operating Norfork Reservoir for flood control are shown under the heading, "White River Basin, Little Rock dis- trict." The costs during the fiscal year were $342,507, of which $95,639 was for new work and $246,868 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is essentially complete. Construction was initiated in October 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use for flood control in 658 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 June 1943 and for generation of electrical energy in June 1944. Work remaining to complete the project includes the procure- ment and installation of miscellaneous electrical equipment and construction of facilities for reservoir management and recreation. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $30,376,080, of which $28,269,432 was for new work and $2,106,648 was for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, nclud- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- $744,053 $98, 000 $3, 400 _ -$100, 000 $28, 700, 000 Cost--------------- 1, 400, 161 192, 574 124, 444 $63,074 95, 639 28, 269, 432 Maintenance: Appropriated 227, 000 250, 000 233, 500 210, 500 237, 000 2, 111, 400 Cost............----------------.. 256, 857 249, 489 226, 786 212, 369 246, 868 648 2, 106, Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .....------------ 430, 568 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------.. .............------------------------------------- 430, 568 Unobligated balance for maintenance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------------ .---- -- - - --------- ------------ 4, 432 7. CLEARWATER RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. Clearwater Dam is located in Wayne and Reynolds Counties, Mo., on the Black River, 257.4 miles above its confluence with the White River, 6 miles southwest of Piedmont, Mo., and 32 miles northwest of Poplar Bluff, Mo. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Piedmont, Mo., quadrangle, scale 1:62,500.) From the dam, the reservoir extends northward and westward in Reynolds County. Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam 4,225 feet long and 154 feet in height above the stream bed. Outlet works consisting of a gate-controlled, concrete- lined tunnel are located in the right abutment and discharge into the river below the dam. An uncontrolled, concrete-type ogee spill- way is located on the right abutment with overflow discharging into Webb Valley and reentering the river at a point about 1 mile downstream from the dam. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the White River Basin, controls the runoff from an area of approxi- mately 898 square miles. It provides storage capacity of about 391,000 acre-feet for flood control, and a permanent pool of about 22,000 acre-feet for recreational purposes and as a wildlife refuge. The estimated cost of the project (July 1954) is $9,125,700 for construction and $595,500 for lands and damages, totaling $9,- 721,200. The estimated cost for annual maintenance (July 1954) is $75,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 659 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Ordinary operation and maintenance were continued. The acquisition of lands for surcharge storage, initiated in fiscal year 1953, was deferred. Two noteworthy rises occurred on the Black River above the Clearwater Reservoir during the fiscal year. Flooding was pre- vented on an average of about 1,055 acres of cultivated land for each rise. The results of regulation on the river stages at Poplar Bluff, 46.4 miles downstream, are given in the following tabulation. Clearwater Reservoir Poplar Bluff, Mo.' Outflow coincident Maximum Corre- Estimated Peak inflow with peak pool eleva- sponding Experi- crest stage Estimated Date of peak in- (cubic feet) flow from tion (feet flood- enced crest without reduction flow per second) uncon- above mean control stage (feet) Clearwater in stage trolled area sea level) storage Dam (feet) (cubic feet (acre-feet) (feet) per second) May 2, 1954 _ 8, 000 400 503.3 18, 000 9..5 16. 0 6.5 June 10, 1954 ... 7, 100 2, 250 504. 1 19, 800 9. 2 14. 7 5. 5 1 Appreciable overflow begins at 12 feet. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 495.01 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 23,570 acre-feet of total storage; and was 494.55 feet above mean sea level at the end of the fiscal year, corresponding to 22,820 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool elevation during the fiscal year was 504.10 feet, corresponding to 41,720 acre-feet of total storage. Sufficient re- leases were made from the reservoir during the low-water periods to supply municipal water for Poplar Bluff and for other usages. The conservation pool elevation was fluctuated during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosquitoes. The costs during the fiscal year were $103,952, of which $49,232 was for new work and $54,720 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in June 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in March 1948. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $10,070,446, of which $9,714,730 was for new work and $355,716 was for main- tenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 111 ing fiscal years i 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--..------...... $59,960 -$306,000 -_---_ .- - ...- .- -$33, 602 $9, 714, 730 Cost-_--------------- 183, 280 432, 165 $188,722 $24,027 49, 232 9, 714, 730 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... 52, 000 51,000 66, 645 63, 200 56, 500 360, 345 Cost_ 57, 863 54, 582 64, 127 66, 008 54, 720 355, 716 Unobligated balance for maintenance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ........... $4,497 660 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 8. CRAWFORD COUNTY LEVEE DISTRICT, ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. Location. This project is located on the left bank of the Arkan- sas River from a point near the eastern limits of the city of Van Buren, Ark. (mile 352.7) to a point near the mouth of Frog Bayou (mile 331.9), Crawford County, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Fort Smith (Ark.) quadrangle.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a com- pacted earthfill levee, approximately 19.8 miles long, extending from the downstream end of the Van Buren, Ark., project at mile 352.7 downstream to mile 332, near the mouth of Frog Bayou. This levee follows the alinement of a former levee except at loca- tions where encroachments of the river made it advisable to set the levee farther from the banks. Six new drainage structures, equipped with floodgates, have been built. The existing project for the Crawford County levee district, which is a modification of the previously authorized flood control project, provides protection for approximately 15,060 acres of rural lands and communities by a levee having a 11/-foot freeboard above a confined flood profile based on a flow of 800,000 cubic feet per second in the river. The modified project differs from the previously authorized project in that it provides a levee grade about 7 feet higher and a compacted earthfill embankment. The estimated Federal cost of the project (July 1954) is $2,- 003,000 for construction and the estimated cost to local interests for lands and damages is $86,000, a total of $2,089,000. The existing project was authorized by section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and modified by: Section 10 of the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944; section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946; and by section 203 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. (For latest printed maps, see H. Doc. 447, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation were sub- mitted by local interests and were approved by the Secretary of War on April 17, 1947. All rights-of-way have been fur- nished. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of a setback levee in the vicinity of river mile 338 was initiated by con- tract January 4, 1954, and completed March 18, 1954. The work consisted of the placement of 282,601 cubic yards of compacted levee embankment, and seeding and fertilizing. The setback levee was transferred .to local interests for operation and maintenance on April 5, 1954. The costs during the fiscal year were $49,226, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $2,001,820, all for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 661 Cost and .I;nan ialsum m.ary/ Fiscal year en(ling June 30 Total to June 1954, includ- g30, ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to1950 New work: Appropriated $300, 000 -- $116, 054 $131, 354 -- _ -$140, 180 $2,001,820 Cost. 641 293, 357, 229 11, 737 $2, 289 49, 226 2, 001,820 9. FROM NORTH LITTLE ROCK TO GILLETT, ARK. (ABOVE PLUM BAYOU) Location. The project is located in Pulaski and Jefferson Counties, Ark., along the left bank of the Arkansas River between river miles 163 and 105. (See U. S. Geological Survey State map of Arkansas, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. This improvement comprises the upstream portion of the entire project for flood control extending from North Little Rock to Gillett, Ark. The portion of the project considered herein consists of a system of levees and necessary drainage struc- tures along the left bank of the Arkansas River from North Little Rock downstream to and along the right bank of Plum Bayou in the vicinity of Rob Roy, Ark. The work comprises about 50 miles of earthfill levee and 38 drainage structures, of which 29 are cor- rugated metal pipe, 5 are reinforced concrete, and 4 are corrugated metal pipe extensions. The project provides for the protection of communities and about 550,000 acres of agricultural lands. The levee has a freeboard above the confined flow line of the 1927 flood of 3 feet for that portion of the levee upstream from the Jefferson County Free Bridge (mile 115.6-1940 survey), and 2 feet downstream from that point to Plum Bayou. The portion of this levee project below Plum Bayou is under the jurisdiction of the Vicksburg District. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. No. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The Federal cost of the completed project is $845,300 for new work, and the estimated cost to local interests for lands and dam- ages is $65,000. Local cooperation. All requirements of local cooperation have been fulfilled. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys and studies were conducted by hired labor to review the existing profile of the levee as constructed to determine whether the grade of certain portions should be modified under present conditions and the esti- mated cost of such revisions, if any. The costs during the fiscal year were $4,386, all for new work. 662 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was begun May 31, 1938, and the project was completed October 18, 1939. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were $845,300 for new work, including $86,724 from Emergency Relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------ ------------------------------------ $4, 386 1 $845, 300 Cost-------- ------------------------------------ - 4,386 1845, 300 1Includes $86,724 Emergency Relief funds. 10. SOUTH BANK ARKANSAS RIVER (HEAD OF FOURCHE ISLAND TO PENNINGTON BAYOU), ARK. Location. This project is located on the right bank of the Arkansas River, beginning at mile 161.4, near the eastern limits of the city of Little Rock, Pulaski County, Ark., and extending down- stream to mile 141.1. (See U. S. Geological Survey State maps, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a com- pacted earthfill levee along the right bank of the Arkansas River, between miles 161.4 and 141.1, thence across Pennington Bayou and Harris Bayou to high ground, about 3 miles east of Hensley, Ark. The levee, about 19.1 miles long, follows in general the aline- ment of the existing levees along the river. Fifteen drainage structures are provided for interior drainage. The existing project which is a modification of a previously au- thorized flood control project provides protection for approximately 32,000 acres of rural land in three separate levee systems known as the Fourche Island levee, the Fourche Place levee, and the Woodson levee, by a levee having a 11/2 -foot freeboard above a confined flood profile based on a flow of 800,000 cubic feet per second in the Ar- kansas River. The modified project differs from the previously au- thorized project in that it provides a levee grade about 2 feet higher and a compacted earthfill embankment. The estimated Federal cost of the project (July 1954) is $1,- 358,200 for the construction and the estimated cost to local inter- ests for lands and damages is $71,064, a total of $1,429,264. The existing project was authorized by section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and modified by section 10 of the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. (For latest printed maps, see H. Doc. 447, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation were sub- mitted by local interests and approved by the Secretary of War on February 28, 1947. All rights-of-way have been furnished. Operations and results during fiscal year. Repair of a slide FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 663 in the project levee was initiated by hired labor September 11, 1953, and completed October 21, 1953. The work consisted of the removal of unsatisfactory material and the placement of about 11,000 cubic yards of compacted levee embankment. That portion of the project which had not been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance was transferred to the Woodson Levee District on December 9, 1953. The costs during the fiscal year were $6,268, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,358,151, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ _ $459, 560 -$90, 000 -- $1, 000 -$7, 408 $1, 358, 151 Cost ....---------------- 428,375 231, 726 $96,013 517 6, 268 1, 358,151 11. ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, LITTLE ROCK DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on tributaries of the Arkansas River and are in the State of Arkansas. More defi- nite locations of the individual items are given in the following paragraphs: Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin as set forth in Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secre- tary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized the sum of $21 million for reservoirs, for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, the reservoirs to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers, subject to the provision that the authorization shall include the Canton Reser- voir on the North Canadian River in Oklahoma, as set forth in House Document 569, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Con- trol Act approved August 18, 1941, modified the general compre- hensive plan to include the reservoirs in the Grand (Neosho) River Basin in Oklahoma and Missouri and in the Verdigris River Basin in Kansas in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Documents 107 and 440 of the 76th Congress, 1st session, and, in addition to previous authorizations, the latter act authorized to be appropriated the sum of $29 million for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $35 million, the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $40 million, and the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized to be appropriated the sum of $15 million, in addition to previous authorizations for the continued prosecution of this comprehensive plan. The reser- 664 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY. 1954 voirs within the Little Rock district included in the comprehensive plan are listed below: Reservo irs Dis- Drain- Reser- Power tance age Height of voir develop- Final Name River above Nearest area dam above capacity ment cost mouth town (sq. streambed (acre- (kilo- (miles) miles) and type feet) watts) Blue Moun- Petit Jean_.. 74.4 Blue Moun- 488 115 feet; earth- 258, 000 (2) $4, 771, 050 tain.' tain, Ark. fill. Nimrod '-_ Fourche La 62.6 Nimrod, Ark. 680 97 feet; con- 336, 000 ( ) 3, 772, 420 Fave. crete-gravity. 1 For details of this project, see individual report. 2 None. 3 Includes provision for future power installation. Blue Mountain and Nimrod Reservoirs were selected and ap- proved for construction by the Chief of Engineers in accordance with the above authorization, and individual reports on the two res- ervoirs are given in the following pages. All operations and costs previously reported under the heading "Arkansas River Basin, Lit- tle Rock district" for those two projects are now contained in the individual reports. 12. BLUE MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Blue Mountain Dam is located in Yell County, Ark., on the Petit Jean River about 74.4 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River, and about 12 miles south of Paris, Logan County, Ark. Blue Mountain Reservoir extends westward from the dam into Logan County. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Magazine, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam about 2,800 feet long and about 115 feet in height above the stream bed. Outlet works consist of a gate-controlled, concrete lined tunnel through the right abutment, discharges from which are directed back into the Petit Jean River at a point about 3,000 feet below the dam. An uncontrolled saddle spillway is located on the left abutment, about 1,200 feet down- stream from the dam axis. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Ar- kansas River Basin, controls 488 square miles, or approximately 46 percent of the total drainage area of the Petit Jean River. It provides storage capacity of about 233,000 acre-feet for flood con- trol, and a permanent pool of about 25,000 acre-feet for recrea- tional purposes and as a wildlife refuge. The cost of the completed project is $4,225,163 for construction and $545,887 for lands and damages, totaling $4,771,050. The estimated cost (July 1954) of annual maintenance, is $65,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 665 Operations and results during fiscal year. Ordinary mainte- nance and operation of the project were continued. Two notable rises occurred on the Petit Jean River during the fiscal year. Flooding was prevented on an average of about 6,260 acres of improved land for each flood. The results of flow regula- tion on river stages at Danville are given in the following tabula- tion. Danville is 25.6 miles downstream from the dam and just downstream from the mouth of Dutch Creek which is the principal tributary of the Petit Jean River. Blue Mountain Reservoir Danville, Arkansas 1 Outflow Estimated coincident Maximum Corre- crest stage Peak inflow with peak pool eleva- sponding Experi- without Estimated Date of peak in- (cubic feet flow from tion (feet flood- enced crest Blue reduction flow per second) uncon- above mean control stage (feet) Mountain in stage trolled area sea level) storage Dam (feet) (cubic feet (acre-feet) (feet) per second) Jan. 20, 1954-.... 6, 500 140 388. 7 15, 200 17. 5 21. 1 3. 6 May 2, 1954... 13, 900 30 393.4 34, 200 24. 4 27. 0 2. 6 1 Appreciable overflow begins at 17 feet. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 385.87 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 30,370 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 384.93 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 27,490 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool level during the fiscal year was 393.4 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 58,800 acre- feet of total storage. The conservation pool elevation was fluctu- ated during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosqui- toes. Sufficient releases were made from the reservoir during low- water periods to supply municipal water for Danville and for other usages. The costs during the fiscal year were $57,963, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in May 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use in March 1947. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $5,181,012, of which $4,771,050 was for new work and $409,962 was for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ _ .. $24, 685 -$6, 500 -$215 -$4, 165 $4, 771, 050 Cost __--_.. . 28, 428 48, 566 9, 736 3, 932- - -- -- 4, 771, 050 Maintenance: Appropriated 47, 000 42, 000 63, 155 56, 000 $58, 500 413, 155 Cost.. - 71, 359 45, 687 60, 492 58, 206 57, 963 409, 962 Other new work data: Unobligated balance for maintenance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ............. ........... $2, 978 666 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 13. NIMROD RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, ARK. Location. The Nimrod Dam is located in Perry County, Ark., on the Fourche La Fave River, 62.6 miles above its confluence with Arkansas River, and about 19 miles southeast of Danville, Yell County, Ark. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Hot Springs, Ark., quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Nimrod Reservoir extends westward from the dam into Yell County. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a concrete gravity type dam 1,012 feet long and about 97 feet in height above the streambed. It consists of a spill- way section 198 feet long located above the river channel, and two nonoverflow sections contiguous thereto and extending into the abutments. Seven gate-controlled conduits for regulating and dis- charging flood flows are located through the base of the spillway section. In addition, two smaller valve-controlled conduits are pro- vided through the spillway section for regulating low flows. Pen- stocks and provisions for future spillway gates have been installed to provide for future power generation. The reservoir, which is one unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other pur- poses in the Arkansas River Basin, controls 680 square miles, or approximately 60 percent of the entire drainage area of the Fourche La Fave River. It provides storage capacity of about 307,000 acre-feet for flood control, and a permanent pool of about 29,000 acre-feet for recreational purposes and as a wildlife refuge. The cost of the completed project is $3,117,342 for construction and $655,078 for lands and damages, totaling $3,772,420. The esti- mated cost (July 1954) of annual maintenance is $65,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Ordinary mainte- nance and operation were continued. Radio facilities for transmis- sion of hydrologic data were modified by installation of a 100-foot antenna tower and elimination of radio relay station. An area li- censed to the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission for wildlife management purposes was developed for migratory waterfowl by and at the expense of the licensee. Three notable rises occurred on the Fourche La Fave River dur- ing the fiscal year. Flooding was prevented on an average of about 1,520 acres of improved land for each rise. The results of flood regulation on river stages at Aplin are given in the following tabu- lation. Aplin is 13.7 miles downstream from the dam and just downstream from the mouth of South Fourche La Fave River which is the principal tributary. FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 667 Nimrod Reservoir Aplin, Ark.' Outflow coincident Maximum Corre- Estimated Peak inflow with peak pool eleva- sponding Experi- crest stage Estimated Date of peak in- (cubic feet flow from tion (feet flood- enced crest without reduction flow per second) uncon- above mean control stage (feet) Nimrod in stage trolled area sea level) storage Dam (feet) (cubic feet (acre-feet) (feet) per second) Jan. 21, 1954- .-- 4, 850 975 345. 0 11, 800 13. 3 18. 2 4. 9 Apr. 17, 1954 .. 6, 600 400 345.4 14, 100 14. 2 17. 4 3. 2 May 2, 1954 .. 36, 000 10 359. 7 119, 600 33.0 34. 2 1.2 1 Appreciable overflow begins at 17 feet. The pool elevation at the beginning of the fiscal year was 342.66 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 31,350 acre-feet of total storage. At the end of the fiscal year the pool elevation was 343.27 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 33,700 acre-feet of total storage. The maximum pool level during the fiscal year was 359.7 feet above mean sea level, corresponding to 148,600 acre-feet of total storage. The conservation pool was lowered gradually during the warm months as an aid in the control of mosquitoes. Sufficient releases were made from the reservoir during low-water periods to supply water requirements downstream. The costs during the fiscal year were $57,579, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. Con- struction was initiated in January 1940 and the project was ready for beneficial use in January 1942. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,378,918, of which $3,772,420 was for new work and $606,498 was for mainte- nance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-........ $163, 461 $10, 000 ____________ -$1, 941 ... - $3, 772, 420 Cost------------ -- 167, 629 60, 790 $17, 585 4, 352 ---- . 3, 772, 420 Maintenance: Appropriated 59, 000 59, 500 60, 400 41, 000 $57, 500 609, 333 Cost --- 72, 611 62, 696 61, 545 40, 565 57, 579 606, 498 Other new work data: Unobligated balance for maintenance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.....--................................................................................. $2,758 668 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 14. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1 1. BlackRiver,PoplarBluff, Mo., toKnobel,Ark 1953 $584, 315 2 $4, 151, 270 2. Carden's Bottom drainage district No. 2, 1951 919, 955 ............... (A) Arkansas River, 4- Ark. - - 3. Clarksville, Ark. ......._....... ..... 1953 268, 000 4. Conway County levee districts Nos. 1, 2, and 1952 1, 018, 840 _..... (3). ) 8, Arkansas River, Ark. 5. Conway County levee district No. 6------- ........-- 4 1952 390, 952 (8) 6. East Poplar Bluff and Poplar Bluff, Mo. .... 1953 39, 927 814, 073 7. Faulkner County, Arkansas River, Ark.. __. 1941 99, 511 (3) 8. Fort Smith, Arkansas River, Ark.......__ _ 1951 51, 077, 546...... (3) 9. Little Rock, Arkansas River, Ark.._------- 1951 883, 227 -..... (3) 10. McLean Bottom levee district No. 3, Ark- 1950 422, 549 ....... () ansas River, Ark. 11. Near Dardanelle, Arkansas River, Ark _ _.. 1953 198, 069 .-......... (3) 12. 13. Newport, W hite River, Ark _ - r------ North Little Rock, Arkansas River, Ark_... 1941 1943 314, 276 - (3) 501, 639 ..-------- (3) 14. Roland drainage district, Arkansas River, 1950 269, 907 - (S) Ark. 15. Skaggs Ferry, Black River, Ark-.....___ .. 1941 81, 023 ..- (3) 16. South Bank Arkansas River (Tucker Lake), 1950 376, 597 ........ (3) Ark. 17. Van Buren, Arkansas River, Ark .....------------ 1952 438, 222 (8) 18. Village Creek, White River and Mayberry 1941 532, 310 (8) districts, Ark. 19. West of Morrilton, Arkansas River, Ark ---- 1953 1, 191, 359 .... 898, 641 1 In conformance with provisions of sec. 2 of the 1941 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified October 1, 1952, that authorization for construction of the Missouri portion of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that date. 2 For Missouri portion (Arkansas portion completed). $ Completed. 4 Awaiting appropriation of funds for construction. 5 Excludes work completed with contributed funds in the amount of $8,604. SAwaiting local cooperation. 15. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs during the fiscal year were $69,784, all for special studies. The balance unexpended June 30, 1954, including accounts re- ceivable, $1,062, will be applied during the fiscal year 1955 to pay- ment of outstanding liabilities and other expenses to be incurred under this heading. Additional funds in the amount of $65,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1955 for a comprehensive investi- gation of the Arkansas, White, and Red River Basins. Collection and study of basic data. Ninety-four gaging sta- tions were operated during the fiscal year, 38 of which were oper- ated cooperatively by the U. S. Geological Survey and the Corps of Engineers, and the remainder independently by one or the other of these agencies. Suspended sediment samples were collected at 40 stations during the fiscal year in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey and suspended loads were determined at cer- tain stations. Approximately 120 rainfall and/or river re- porting stations were operated in a cooperative program by the U. S. Weather Bureau and the Corps of Engineers for use in fore- casting stream flow for flood warning and operation of reservoir projects. Records also were collected at certain hydro-climatic rainfall stations under a cooperative program of the two agencies. Two storm studies were under way during the fiscal year and FLOOD CONTROL-LITTLE ROCK, ARK., DISTRICT 669 general hydrologic studies relating to stream flow frequency and distribution were initiated. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,565, of which $902 was for storm studies and $1,663 was for flood investigations. 16. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Approved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood control works, part 208 of title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, provide for semiannual inspection of completed projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and mainte- nance. Inspections of the local flood protection projects included under this heading were made during the fiscal year to determine the extent of compliance with approved regulations for maintenance and operation of these projects. Responsible officials of the im- provement districts concerned were advised of inadequacies in the maintenance and operation of the local flood protection works under this jurisdiction where appropriate. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,660, all for maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $9,000, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 130, 1954, includ- Ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated $2, 000 $2, 500 $2, 000 $2, 500 $9, 000 Cost .. _____... . . . I 1, 793 2, 449 2, 098 2, 660 9, 000 17. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). Work accomplished under this heading during the fiscal year consisted of the construction of emergency bank stabilization on the left bank of the White River near Newport, Ark. The work, which was initiated by contract February 6, 1954, and completed March 29, 1954, consisted of the placing of 6,000 linear feet of piling and 6,400 tons of rock. The costs during the fiscal year were $48,117, all for new work. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $87,025, all for new work. The costs to the end of the fiscal year from contributed funds were $74,535. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated $11,092 -------- I -- $48, 117 1 $87, 025 Cost ...-- ---.. ...- 48,117 1 87,025 SExcludes contributed funds in the amount of $74,535. 670 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Flood control emergencies--repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Work accomplished under this heading during the fiscal year consisted of planning for a setback levee in the Dardanelle drain- age district and repairs to the From North Little Rock to Gillett, Ark., levee in the vicinity of Arkansas river mile 126. The repair work was initiated April 13, 1954, and completed June 25, 1954, by hired labor and consisted of the removal of about 10,000 cubic yards of objectionable material in an area of slides and the placing of 30,000 cubic yards of compacted levee embankment. The costs during the fiscal year were $12,345, all for mainte- nance. The total costs at the end of the fiscal year were $473,754, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... -- $18, 009 $18, 000 $112, 509 $11, 364 -$78, 309 $484, 100 Cost _ __ _ 62, 630 283 20, 625 19, 965 12, 345 473, 754 Other new work data: Unobligated balance for maintenance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ...... $10, 346 IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT This district comprises southern Kansas, small portions of southwestern Missouri and west Arkansas, northern Oklahoma, the northern portion of the Texas Panhandle, and small portions of northeastern New Mexico and southeastern Colorado embraced in the drainage basin of the Arkansas River, and its tributaries above the mouth of the Poteau River, inclusive, and below the mouth of Walnut Creek near Great Bend, Kans., exclusive of that portion of the watershed of the South Canadian River and its tributaries west of the Texas-New Mexico State line; and a portion of western Arkansas, the northern portion of the State of Texas, and the southern portion of the State of Oklahoma embraced in the drainage basin of the Red River and its tributaries above Fulton, Ark. IMI PROVE MENTS Navigation 1. Arkansas River and tribu- Page I Flood control-Continued 15. Hulah Reservoir, Caney River, Page taries, Ark. and Okla............. 671 Okla .... 686 2. Inactive navigation projects ----.. 672 16. Strawn Reservoir, Grand (Neosho) River Basin, Flood control K a n ... ------------------------------------- 687 17. Carthage, Mo .......-................. 688 3. Hutchinson, Arkansas River, 18. Pensacola Reservoir, Arkan- Kans ............. ..... ..... ........ 672 sas River Basin, Okla............ 689 4. Wichita and Valley Center, 19. Fort Gibson Reservoir, Ar- Kans .......... ....... .... .......... 673 kansas River Basin, Okla.... . 690 5. Tulsa and West Tulsa, Ar- 20. Tenkiller Ferry Reservoir, Ar- kansas River, Okla......... ...... 675 kansas River Basin, Okla...... 692 6. Fort Supply Reservoir, North 21. Wister Reservoir, Arkansas Canadian River, Okla........... 676 River Basin, Okla .. ..... .......... 694 7. Canton Reservoir, Arkansas 22. Arkansas River Basin, Tulsa River Basin, Okla..........-..... 677 District ................................ 695 8. Oklahoma City Floodway, 23. Denison Dam (Lake Texoma) North Canadian River, Okla 679 Red River, Tex. and Okla...... 696 9. Great Salt Plains Reservoir, 24. Red River below Denison Dam, Salt Fork of Arkansas River, Tulsa District ................ 698 O k la .............. .......................... 680 25. Millwood Reservoir, Little 10. Keystone Reservoir, Arkansas River, Ark.............................. 699 River, Okla --.................. 681 26. Inactive Flood Control Proj- 11. Polecat Creek, Okla. (Heyburn e c ts -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Reservoir and channel im- 700 provements) ............. 682 27. General Investigations ......- 701 12. Fall River Reservoir, Arkan- 28. Inspection of Completed Proj- sas River Basin, Kans ........... 683 ects ..................... ............... 702 13. Toronto Reservoir, Arkansas 29. Flood Control Work Under River Basin, Kans ..... 684 Special Authorization............ 702 14. Oologah Reservoir, Arkansas 30. Scheduling of Flood Control River Basin, Okla................ 685 Reservoir Operations-.............. 703 1. ARKANSAS RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, ARKANSAS AND OKLAHOMA A consolidated report on this project for the Vicksburg, Little Rock, and Tulsa districts, submitted by the Little Rock District, Southwestern Division, is on page 643. 671 Sig 22--671-702 672 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 2. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures June 30, 1954 to Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Maintenance to report struction complete for- 1. Red River from Fulton, Ark., to mouth of 1924 $378, 574 $182, 157 (1) Washita River, Okla.' 'Curtailment of project is recommended in H. Doc. 947, 64th Cong., 1st sess. 'Maintenance only. 3. HUTCHINSON, ARKANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. The project is located on the Arkansas River and Cow Creek, a tributary of the Arkansas River, in the immediate vicinity of Hutchinson, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Lyons and Hutchinson, Kans. quadrangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The project provides for a diversion chan- nel and a system of levees to protect the city of Hutchinson, Kans., and vicinity from floodwaters of Arkansas River and Cow Creek, starting at river mile 817 on the Arkansas River and extending about 9 miles upstream. The plan of improvement consists of a 300-foot-wide leveed diversion canal approximately 1 mile west of the city limits of Hutchinson, intercepting Cow Creek at mile 14.9 above its mouth and carrying floodwaters from the creek south for about 2 miles to enter the Arkansas River upstream from Hutchinson. The levee on the left bank of the diversion canal starts at the hills about 41/2 miles north of the canal to intercept all of Cow Creek floodwaters. The combined flow of the creek and the river is confined past the city by levees on both sides of the river, forming a 1,000-foot floodway. The flanking levee on the left bank of the Arkansas River has an opening at about mile 821 at the mouth of the present Harsha drainage canal. Protection against backwater of the Arkansas River up the existing canal is provided by increasing the height of the existing levees. Addi- tional protection is provided to a rural area west of the diversion canal by a loop levee, and to the urban area of the Island Park subdivision, northwest of Hutchinson, by a ring levee. The flanking levee on the right bank of the Arkansas River, which protects the town of South Hutchinson, starts at mile 822.3 above the mouth of the river and extends downstream to mile 818.5. The estimated Federal cost (1954) is $4,020,000 and the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $2,274,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See House Document 308, 74th Con- gress, 1st Session, which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Resolutions by the city of Hutchinson, agreeing to meet the requirements were submitted by the city under the dates of March 16 and 30, 1945, and were approved by the Secretary of War on July 4, 1945. The city of Hutchinson has granted rights of entry for the entire project. The city has secured the necessary assurances from the State of Kansas that highways would be relocated in accordance with the project plan, FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 673 and all required utility relocations under contract. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Construction of a flanking levee along the left bank of the Arkansas River and in- cluding a diversion channel, a training levee, and improvements to the existing Harsha drainage canal, was continued from 73 to 100 percent completion, by continuing contract. Relocations and alterations to existing railroad facilities were continued from 33 to 86 percent of completion under cost-reimbursable contracts. Construction of a flanking levee along the right bank of the river adjacent to the City of South Hutchinson was started September 15, 1953, and completed February 10, 1954, by contract. The last phases of the project, consisting of two ring-levee areas west and northwest of Hutchinson, were started, by contract, on May 13, 1954, and the work continues. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,714,818. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction operations were initiated April 10, 1952, by contract. Completed portions of the project have been transferred to the city of Hutchinson, for mainte- nance and operations. The entire project is 89 percent complete and all work required to complete the Federal portion of the proj- ect has been contracted. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $3,313,366. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated---- ---.--- . -$1, 180, 000 $1, 900, 000 $1, 393, 000 $447, 000 $4, 020, 000 Cost- ..----- ------ 34, 564 9, 020 45,815 1,300,201 1, 714,818 3, 313, 366 Other new work data : Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954..-.....-........ - $522, 167 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ... ..............------------------- ----------......... 522, 167 4. WICHITA AND VALLEY CENTER, ARKANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. The project is located on the Arkansas River, and Little Arkansas River and Chisholm Creek, tributaries of the Arkansas River, in the immediate vicinity of Wichita and Valley Center, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Wichita, Kans., quadrangle, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The project provides for a diversion chan- nel and a system of levees to prevent flooding in the Cities of Wichita and Valley Center, Kansas, and environs, starting at a point 760 miles above the mouth of the Arkansas River and extend- ing upstream about 33 miles. Under the plan Little Arkansas River will be diverted into the Arkansas River by means of a flood- way beginning at a point about 2 miles northwest of Valley Center and extending southward to the Arkansas River (at river mile 785.7) about 9 miles northwest of Wichita. The flows of Chisholm Creek and its middle and west branch tributaries will be collected 674 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 by a system of levees and channels north of Wichita and diverted across the Little Arkansas River into the Arkansas River (at mile 780). The combined flows of the Little Arkansas River, Chisholm Creek, and Arkansas River will be confined and diverted to the west of the city by a floodway, with existing stream channels being utilized to carry flood flows to the limit of their capacity. This by pass floodway will begin at a point about 3.1 miles down- stream from the Kansas State Highway 96 river crossing and will provide a channel having a normal bottom width of 80 feet and an average depth of 10.9 feet. Levees flanking the floodway will, in general, be spaced 900 feet center to center with an average height of 8.5 feet and a crown width of 8 feet or more. From the Arkansas River the floodway would extend southwest 2 miles to intercept Big Slough, along Big Slough for 5 miles, thence south and south- east 2.5 miles to intercept Cowskin Creek, along Cowskin Creek for 2 miles, thence east, and southeast about 5 miles entering the Arkansas River approximately 1 mile northwest of Derby, Kans. (at river mile 760). Existing levees and drainage canals previously constructed by local interests, are being enlarged, strengthened, or rectified as required. The completed system with five control structures will provide about 91.2 miles of levee. The estimated Federal cost (1954) is $13,300,000 and the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $6,580,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. The city of Wichita has furnished assur- ances of local cooperation for the entire project which were ap- proved by the Secretary of War on February 25, 1946. Right of entry has been granted the entire project except in the Chisholm Creek area. Acquisition of the right-of-way for this remaining portion of the project is under way by local interests. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Construction of the project was continued from 21 to 37 percent completion, by contract. The work accomplished was on the Big Slough-Cowskin Floodway west and south of the city. Additional construction, consisting of 10.7 miles of training levee, flanking the Arkansas River northwest of the city, was initiated, by contract. Negoti- ations were continued with railroad companies whose facilities will be affected and engineering and design studies in connection with preparation of contract plans and specifications for comple- tion of the project were continued, all by hired labor. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,780,731. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction by contract for clearing, snagging, widening, and otherwise improving the exist- ing East Branch interception canal and Wichita drainage canal, initiated on May 8, 1950, was completed August 23, 1950. This portion of the project was transferred to the City of Wichita, Kansas, on February 7, 1951, for future maintenance and opera- tion. Construction was continued on Big Slough-Cowskin Flood- way, the largest single feature of the project. Work on this fea- ture started June 9, 1950, and at the end of the fiscal year Big FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 675 Slough-Cowskin Floodway was approximately 62 percent complete, including the required relocations. Construction of the lower segments (parcel "A", phases I and II) are complete except for certain gaps where work is held in abeyance pending the com- pletion of railroad bridge crossings. The third segment (parcel "B", phase I) was started February 25, 1953, and the work is under way, by continuing contract. The project as a whole is 37 per- cent complete. In general, the work required to complete the project, in addition to Big Slough-Cowskin Floodway, consists of construction of the Little Arkansas River Floodway and Chisholm Creek Diversion Canal. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $4,817,819. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _ _ _..____ _------ _------------_ $500, 000 $1, 990, 000 $1, 100, 000 $5, 753, 000 Cost---------------- $161, 785 $378,521 149, 499 2, 018, 849 1, 780, 731 4, 817, 819 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------..................----.. $368,333 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .........--- 1,800,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ......... ............. ...... . . .............. 2, 168, 333 .......------------------------------------ Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project _... . _ _-..... .......... .. 5, 747, 000 5. TULSA AND WEST TULSA, ARKANSAS RIVER, OKLA. Location. The project is located on the Arkansas River at Tulsa and West Tulsa, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps, Hominy, Okla., and Claremore, Okla., quadrangles, scale 1:125,- 000.) Existing project. The project consists of a system of levees to prevent flooding at Tulsa, West Tulsa, and Sand Springs, Okla., starting at a point on the Arkansas River about 521.3 miles above the mouth and extending upstream approximately 10 miles. The plan of improvement provided for raising the existing left-bank levee, connecting the discontinuous portions of the levee and constructing a leveed floodway up Black Boy Creek with levees and diversion ditches eastward and westward thereof, and raising the existing right-bank levee to grade and constructing the neces- sary appurtenances thereto. The left bank levee begins at mile 531.3 above the mouth of the Arkansas River and ends at mile 524.0. The right bank levee begins at mile 526.7 and ends at mile 521.3. The estimated Federal cost (1954) is $2,785,100. The estimated non-Federal cost for lands, rights-of-way, and damages is $265,000. The levees and appurtenant works were authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 157, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. 676 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Operations and results during fiscal year. Installation of auto- matic type gate on 108-inch storm sewer, started during the prior fiscal year, was completed, by contract. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $3,907. Condition at end of fiscal year. The completed project was accepted by Drainage District No. 12, Tulsa County, Okla., on August 7, 1945, and has been maintained and operated at no cost or expense to the Federal Government. However, as a result of survey and based upon experience at other projects, a large un- gated storm sewer under the levee has been protected by instal- lation of automatic gates. Such installation will preclude the possibility of sewer joint failure due to the extreme pressures which will be exerted on the land side during flood stages of the river. The total costs of new work to the end of the fiscal year were $2,785,070. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated..__ . -- $3, 618 _ -$5, 000 -$912 $2, 785, 070 Cost.---------........----.. ------------- ---------------- ----- 181 3, 907 2, 785, 070 6. FORT SUPPLY RESERVOIR, NORTH CANADIAN RIVER, OKLA. Location. Fort Supply Reservoir is located on Wolf Creek, a tributary of the North Canadian River, about 12 miles northwest of Woodward, Woodward County, Okla. (See sectional aero- nautical chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 11,865 feet, rising 85 feet above the stream bed, the reservoir providing for storage of 92,700 acre-feet for flood control and 13,400 acre- feet for a permanent pool for recreation and preservation of wild- life, or a total storage of 106,000 acre-feet. The outlet works, consisting of a semi-elliptical conduit controlled by three 7 - by 16-foot vertical-lift gates, and a stilling basin, are located in the left abutment. A concrete chute-type spillway, 540 feet long, controlled by a concrete weir at the upstream end, provides for the passage of flood flows around the left end of the dam. The reservoir controls 1,735 square miles, or practically the entire drainage area of Wolf Creek, and is operated as a unit of the co- ordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $7,232,649 for construction and $245,000 for lands and damages, a total of $7,477,649. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $69,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 677 Operations and results during the fiscal year. All completed structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable con- dition throughout the year, by hired labor. The costs during the fiscal year were $50,799, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is complete. Mobilization for construction of the project was started in March 1938. After a construction camp had been built, actual construction work on the dam was started during October 1938, by contract. Four years later, the project was placed in operation. However, after the temporary construction camp office building had deteriorated, the last item of construction, consisting of erec- tion of a prefabricated steel maintenance building, was completed on March 31, 1952, by hired labor. No additional new work con- struction is presently scheduled for this project. Total receipts frontoutleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1954 amount to $19,141. Such receipts are not in- cluded in the cost and financial summary shown below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $7,477,649, of which $7,390,611 was from regular funds and $87,038 was from Emergency Relief funds. The total cost of maintenance was $549,228 all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated Cost . - ..----------------- - $116, 500 30,322 -$55, 500 5, 515 -$2, 275 22,888 -$76 -76 _ I $7, 477, 649 1 7,477,649 Maintenance: Appropriated ------ 80, 000 60, 000 55, 371 44, 600 $49, 200 549, 571 Cost----------------- 85, 437 55, 562 56, 776 47, 532 50, 799 549, 228 I Includes $87,038 Emergency Relief funds. 7. CANTON RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Canton Reservoir is located on the North Canadian River about 394 miles above its mouth and about 3 miles north of Canton, Blaine County, Okla. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 15,100 feet, rising 73 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 260,000 acre-feet for flood control and 130,000 acre-feet for conservation of water and siltation reserve, or a total storage capacity of 390,000 acre feet. Of the conservation storage, 69,000 acre-feet is allocated for future irrigation and 38,000 acre-feet is allocated for future municipal water supply. The outlet works consist of three 7- by 12-foot gated sluices through the spillway weir. A concrete spillway, controlled by sixteen 40- by 25-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for the passage of flood flows around the right end of the dam. The reservoir controls 12,641 square miles, and is operated as a unit 678 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Ar- kansas River Basin. The costs were $9,607,622 for construction and $719,953 for lands and damages, a total of $10,327,575. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $103,000 (1954). Authorizations for the project are listed below: Act Work authorized Documents and reports Flood Control Act June 28,1938. Construction of dam and appurtenant House Document 569. 75th facilities. Congress, 3d Session. Flood Control Act July 24, 1946. Irrigation storage in the reservoir. In accordance with Section 8 of Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. Flood Control Act June 30, 1948. Water supply storage in the reservoir. In accordance with Section 6 of Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. Construction of ad- ministration and maintenance buildings, the last item of project construction, was completed December 15, 1953, by contract. The costs during the fiscal year were $58,517 for new work and $95,666 for maintenance. Condition at end of the fiscal year. The project as a whole is complete. Actual construction work on the dam was initiated in December 1940 and impoundment was commenced April 15, 1948. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1954 amounts to $57,775. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial statement shown below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $10,327,575 and the total cost of maintenance was $530,380. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated........ $165,000 $81, 000 $59, 600 $10, 327, 575 Cost_------------ 178, 787 108, 830 $2, 619 2, 483 $58, 517 10, 327, 575 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------- 106, 500 85, 000 76, 347 102, 206 83, 800 531, 153 Cost---------------- 105, 420 74, 972 85, 809 91, 213 95, 666 530, 380 FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 679 8. OKLAHOMA CITY FLOODWAY, NORTH CANADIAN RIVER, OKLA. Location. The project is located on the North Canadian River at Oklahoma City, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey map, Chickasha, Okla, quadrangle, scale 1: 125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an enlarged and straightened channel through the city, designed to carry 45,000 cubic feet per second. The improvement will be about 13.4 miles in length, beginning about 1 mile upstream from South May Avenue (river mile 273.7) and extending to the vi- cinity of Spencer, Okla. (river mile 257.5). The major part of the improvement will be about 13 feet deep and will have a bot- tom width of 425 feet. The side slopes will be lined with stone. Natural drainage ways will be modified to drain into the canal by the construction of 15 lateral drainage ditches. Excavated ma- terial will be placed in old channel and low areas. The estimated Federal cost (1954) is $10,500,000 and the non- Federal cost is $7,020,000. Local cooperation. Local interests advised that the city of Oklahoma City was in process of acquiring rights-of-way for the entire project. Rights of entry have been furnished for the lower half of the project. Authorizations for the project are listed below: Act Work authorized Documents and reports Flood Control Act July 24, 1946. Channel improvement with levees. House Document 572, 79th Congress, 2d Session. Flood Control Act May 17, 1950. Canal plan of improvement. Report of OCE. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the first segment of the floodway (vicinity of 4th Street to the down- stream limits) was completed and second segment (vicinity of Robinson Avenue to 4th Street) was initiated on April 24, 1954, and continued to 3 percent completion, by continuing contract. Negotiations, by hired labor, were continued with owners of the railroad facilities requiring alteration or relocation due to con- struction of the floodway. The cost during the fiscal year was $1,388,408, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the first seg- ment of the floodway is complete. Railroad negotiations and con- struction of the second segment are under way. Considering the project as a whole, 19 percent of all required work has been ac- complished and the work continues. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $2,027,977, all for new work. 680 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--........------------ -- $216, 000 ............ 796, 000 $1, 500, 000 $2, 680, 000 Cost---------------- $92, 616 40, 369 $8, 249 372, 417 1,388, 408 2, 027, 977 Other new work data: $378, 645 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954....................... 1,650, 000 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---....................................................... .. 2,028,654 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- 170, 000 pletion of existing project........:........................................ 9. GREAT SALT PLAINS RESERVOIR, SALT FORK OF ARKANSAS RIVER, OKLA. Location. Great Salt Plains Reservoir is located on the Salt Fork of the Arkansas River 103.3 miles above its mouth, and about 12 miles east of Cherokee, Alfalfa County, Okla. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Wichita sheet, scale 1: 500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and spillway 6,010 feet long, rising 72 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 245,300 acre-feet for flood control and 46,700 acre-feet for siltation, recre- ation, and preservation of wildlife, or a total storage capacity of 292,000 acre feet. A concrete cascade-type spillway 310 feet wide, containing three gravity-type concrete weirs, provides for the pas- sage of flood flows around the right end of the dam into the river valley below. The outlet works consist of four ungated 10- by 12- foot conduits through the center section of the upper weir. The reservoir controls 3,200 square miles, and is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $4,109,831 for construction and $488,800 for lands and damages, a total of $4,598,631. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $62,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act aproved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the year, by hired labor. The cost for maintenance during the fiscal year was $49,784. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is complete. Mobilization for construction of the project was started in May 1938. After a construction camp had been built, actual construction work on the dam was initiated on September 28, 1938. Approximately three years later the project was placed in opera- tion during July 1941. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 681 Collections from outleasing Government-owned land amount to a total of $3,715 through fiscal year 1954. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary tabulated below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $4,598,631, of which $4,573,887 was from regular funds and $24,- 744 was from Emergency Relief funds. The total cost of mainte- nance was $586,465, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - _.. $31, 000 -$39, 052 _ -$3, 317 --- _--------- '$4, 598, 631 Cost ----------------- 75, 322 22, 009 $278 ------------------------ 1 4,598,631 Maintenance:7 Appropriated 86, 400 75, 000 38, 599 509, 994 $46, 700 586, 593 Cost----------------- 98, 736 60, 797 51, 121 49, 070 49, 784 598, 465 'Includes $24,744 Emergency Relief funds. 10. KEYSTONE RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER, OKLA. Location. The work covered by this project is located on the main stem of the Arkansas River 538.9 miles above its mouth, and about 2 miles downstream from the mouth of the Cimarron River near Keystone, Okla., and about 15 miles west of Tulsa, Okla. (See U.S. Geological Survey map for Hominy, Okla., quadrangle, scale 1:125,000, Skedee and Yale, Okla., quadrangles, scale 1:62,500.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of a multiple purpose reservoir which will control 74,331 square miles, and which will be operated as a unit of the coordi- nated system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin, and as a part of the multiple purpose plan for navigation, hydroelectric power, flood control, and other purposes, Arkansas River and tributaries, Arkansas and Oklahoma. Under the plan, the reser- voir will have a total storage capacity of 1,879,000 acre-feet, of which 1,216,000 acre-feet will be allocated to flood control, 198,000 acre-feet to power, and 465,000 acre-feet will be set aside for con- servation and sedimentation reserve of which 50,000 acre-feet would be for water supply. The dam will consist of an earthfill structure with a gate-controlled concrete spillway located in the river channel and rising 123 feet above the streambed. The struc- ture will be 4,650 feet long, with the power intake and powerhouse located adjacent to the spillway. Power design criteria at present provide for installation of three 20,000 kilowatt units, a total of 60,000 kilowatts. The estimated costs (1954) are $58,680,000 for construction and $94,320,000 for lands and damages, a total of $153,000,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, (see Senate Document 107, 81st Congress, 1st session, which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. 682 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Operationsand results during fiscal year. Preparation of engi- neering design memoranda were continued, by hired labor. The cost for new work during the fiscal year was $129,037. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering studies and inves- tigations required prior to initiation of construction contract plans and specifications are essentially complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $629,277. This amount includes the sum of $214,000 expended on the previously authorized Mannford Reservoir, replaced by Key- stone Reservoir authorized by the 1950 Flood Control Act. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated........------------------------ .........---- $150,000 $161, 000 $126,297 $651, 297 Cost-.-..-.....-.... ........- .- $1, 405 77, 966 208,273 129,037 629,277 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954...................-------------- $7, 020 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............... -------------------------------------. 7, 020 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------------------------...................................................----.................. 152, 348, 703 11. POLECAT CREEK, OKLA. (HEYBURN RESERVOIR AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENTS) Location. Polecat Creek is a minor tributary to the Arkansas River near Sapulpa, Creek County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Nuyaka, Hominy, and Claremore, Okla., quad- rangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for flood protection in the Polecat Creek Valley by means of a reservoir at mile 48.6, near Heyburn, Okla., which controls 123 square miles and channel improvements at Sapulpa on Rock Creek, its major tributary, and on Polecat Creek below the mouth of Rock Creek. The Heyburn Dam is an earthfill structure 2,920 feet long and rising 89 feet above the streambed with the reservoir providing a storage capacity of 49,500 acre-feet for flood control and 10,200 acre-feet for siltation, recreation and preservation of wildlife, a total of 59,700 acre-feet. Outlet works consist of an uncontrolled ci'cular drop inlet conduit. An uncontrolled saddle spillway, located about 1,000 feet west of the right abutment, provides for the passage of flood flows into the river below. The channel of Rock Creek from mile 4.4 to the mouth has been cleared by re- moval of debris and about 1.3 miles of this length is deepened. The channel of Polecat Creek is cleared from the mouth of Rock Creek, mile 21.2 to the Arkansas River. The Federal costs were $1,758,900 for construction and $615,200 for lands and damages in the Heyburn Reservoir area, a total of $2,374,100. The estimated non-Federal cost is $113,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $40,000 (1954). FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 683 The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, (see House Document No. 290, 80th Con- gress, 1st session, which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies to the Heyburn Reservoir. Channel improvement works have been transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance. Operationsand results during fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. The costs during the fiscal year were $507 for new work and $37,716 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is complete. Construction of the dam, by contract, was started March 9, 1948, and completed October 11, 1950. Embankment closure was completed June 25, 1950, and the pool was filled to conservation level by March 1951. Channel improvements below the reservoir were completed September 24, 1952. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1954 amount to $10,952. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial statement shown below. The total costs of new work to the end of the fiscal year were $2,374,100 for new work and $128,799 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--------...... $900, 000 $225, 000 ..... -$50, 900 ......------------ $2, 374, 100 Cost.---------------- 724, 075 274, 892 $66, 682 28, 169 $507, 2, 374, 100 Maintenance: Appropriated .................... 24, 000 36, 801 30, 400 37, 700 128,901 Cost-__--. -----.... -- _.-.. - 21, 926 34, 993 34, 164 37, 716 128, 799 12. FALL RIVER RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. Fall River dam is located on the Fall River about 54 miles above its confluence with the Verdigris River and about 4 miles northwest of Fall River, Greenwood County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Eureka, Kans. quadrangle, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of about 6,015 feet and rising 94 feet above the streambed with a reservoir providing for the storage of 236,000 acre-feet for flood control and 27,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, silta- tion, recreation, and preservation of wildlife, a total of 263,000 acre-feet. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by eight 50- by 25-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for passage of flood flows into the river valley below. The outlet works consist of seven 5- by 8.5-foot gated sluices through the spillway weir. The reservoir 684 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 which controls 585 square miles is operated as a unit of the com- prehensive reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The costs were $8,505,261 for construction and $1,949,500 for lands and damages, a total of $10,454,761. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $92,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 440, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All project struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the year, by hired labor. The costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $73,671. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam was started on May 9, 1946, by contract. Embankment closure was completed May 30, 1949, the conservation pool was filled by June 9, 1949, and dedication ceremonies were held September 5, 1949. No additional new work construction is presently scheduled for this project. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1954 amount to $142,428. Such receipts are not in- cluded in the cost and financial summary shown below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $10,454,761 and the total cost of maintenance was $379,969. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -- $250, 000 -$262, 600 -$5, 239 $10, 454, 761 os£_ -- 333, 645 124, 877 $8, 507 -- 2, 384 10, 454, 761 Maintenance: Appropriated- ..-- 95, 000 70, 000 77, 583 66, 300 $73, 200 382, 083 Cost__-_--------_ --- 92, 668 64, 840 81, 951 66, 839 73,671 379, 969 13. TORONTO RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The Toronto Dam site is located on the Verdigris River about 271.5 miles above its mouth and 4 miles south and east of Toronto, Woodson County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Fredonia, Kans., quadrangle, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for an earthfill dam about 4,583 feet long, with a maximum height of 90 feet above the streambed. The spillway and control works will be combined in a concrete structure located near the right abutment of the dam. The reservoir will have a total capacity of 195,000 acre-feet, of which 171,000 acre-feet will be for flood control and 24,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, siltation, recreation, and preservation of fish and wildlife. The reservoir which will control 730 square miles will be operated as a unit of the comprehensive reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River basin. FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 685 The estimated costs (1954) are $10,797,300 for construction and $8,902,700 for lands and damages, a total of $19,700,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 440, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of con- struction plans and specifications and other engineering studies for flood control features were continued by hired labor. The cost during the fiscal year was $5,593, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction plans and specifi- cations have been completed to a point where the initial construc- tion contracts could be advertised. Total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $339,996. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--------........ $50, 000 $40, 000 $122, 100 $25, 000 -$61, 500 $345, 600 Cost................. 19, 520 9, 344 169, 877 25, 012 5, 593 339,996 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 _-- $5, 604 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- 500, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----.................---------------------------------- 505, 604 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-----------.....-----....... .... --------......... 18, 854, 400 14. OOLOGAH RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Oologah Reservoir is located on the Verdigris River 90 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River and about 10 miles northwest of Claremore, Rogers County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Claremore and Nowata, Okla. quad- rangles scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam 4,100 feet long and rising 129 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir would provide for 950,000 acre- feet for flood-control storage and 25,000 acre-feet for conservation, a total of 975,000 acre-feet. A gated concrete conduit will be constructed through the embankment to form the outlet works. A gated spillway will be located in a saddle about 2 miles from the left abutment and would provide for passage of floodwaters into the valley below the dam. The estimated costs (1954) are $10,593,200 for construction, and $20,826,800 for lands and damages, a total of $31,420,000. The project would be constructed initially for flood control with power facilities added at such time that the oilfield in the upper portion of the reservoir area is depleted. The reservoir which will control 4,339 square miles, will be operated as a unit in the com- prehensive plan for development of the Arkansas River Basin. 686 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents Flood Control Act, June 28, Construction of a flood control reser- House of Representatives Com- 1938. voir. mittee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st Session. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Installation of hydro-electric power House Document No. 758, 79th 1946. facilities. Congress, 2d Session. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Authorizations for the project are listed below: Operations and results during fiscal year. The project is in a stand-by status and no funds were expended during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam site area comprising 871 acres has been acquired. Access road to the dam site is com- plete. Contract plans and specifications for the first phases of construction were essentially completed by October 25, 1951. However, all work on the plans was discontinued on that date in view of the intent of the Civil Functions Appropriation Act, 1952. Total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $391,810. Cost anti financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_______ $350,000 __________ _________ ___________ -$79, 190 $391, 810 Cost____________ 177,623 $90,812 $2,720 -$345 .......... 391,810 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project __... .___.... $31,028, 190 .. ........... -..... 15. HULAH RESERVOIR, CANEY RIVER, OKLA. Location. The Hulah Dam is located on Caney River 96 hiles above its confluence with the Verdigris River and is about 15 miles northwest of Bartlesville, near Hulah, Osage County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Pawhuska, Okla. and Sedan, Kans. quadrangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of 5,200 feet rising 94 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 265,000 acre-feet for flood control and 30,000 acre-feet for conservation, siltation, recreation, and preservation of wildlife. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by ten 40- by 25-foot gates on the weir crest, provides for the passage of flood flows over the dam into the river valley below. The reservoir, which will control 732 square miles, is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The estimated costs (1954) are $7,911,000 for construction and FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 687 $2,988,800 for lands and damages, a total of $10,899,800. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $84,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 308, 74th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All project struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition. New work accomplished consists of construction of an overlook building, by contract, remodeling of existing buildings to provide family quarters suitable for operative personnel, was performed by hired labor. The costs during the fiscal year were $23,120 for new work and $64,309 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was constructed under a two-phase program. Construction of the embankment and excavation for the spillway was started May 5, 1946, and com- pleted August 7, 1947. The second stage, consisting of the em- bankment closure section and completion of spillway was started April 5, 1948, and completed June 20, 1950. Impoundment to con- servation pool level was completed- September 24, 1951. No addi- tional new work is presently scheduled for this project. However, final costs are outstanding. Collections from outleasing Government-owned land total $74,- 352 through fiscal year 1954. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $10,896,454 and the total cost of maintenance was $222,765. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- -$4, 248, 000 $195, 700 -$222, 839 -$102, 300 $3, 100 $10, 899 800 --------------- Cost_ 4, 571, 617 1, 158, 074 157, 690 -43, 489 23, 120 10, 896, 454 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------------------- 42, 000 61, 584 55, 500 63, 900 222, 984 Cost--------- ----------------- 33, 694 68, 089 56, 673 64, 309 222, 765 Other new work data: ITnobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-...-$_.... $3, 346 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..................................................................--------------------------------------------......................--... 3, 346 16. STRAWN RESERVOIR, GRAND (NEOSHO) RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The Strawn Dam site is located on the Grand (Neo- sho) River about 358.4 miles above its mouth and 1.5 miles north- west of Strawn, Coffey County, Kans. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey maps for Burlington and Emporia, Kans., quadrangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the 688 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 construction of an earthfill dam and concrete spillway with a total length of about 11,160 feet, with a maximum height of 78 feet above the streambed. The concrete structure includes combined control works and spillway having net width of 600 feet and lo- cated in the valley near the left abutment of the dam. The reser- voir will have a total capacity of 387,900 acre-feet, of which 320,- 600 acre-feet will be for flood control and 67,300 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, siltation, recreation and preser- vation of fish and wildlife. The reservoir, which will control 2,927 square miles, will be operated as a unit of the reservoir system for flood control in the Grand (Neosho) River Basin. The estimated costs (1954) are $15,960,000 for construction and $26,050,000 for lands and damages, a total of $42,010,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 442, 80th Cong., 2d sess., which con- tains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies preparatory to actual preparation of construction contract plans and specifications were completed, by hired labor. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $5,000. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary engineering and design studies required prior to actual initiation of construction contract plans and specifications are complete. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year amounts to $265,000, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated------..........---------------------.......... $250, 000 $10, 000 $5, 000 $265,000 Cost----------------------------- ............ ------........ 197, 958 62, 042 5, 000 265, 000 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- $41,745, 000 propriated for completion of existing project..................................... 17. CARTHAGE, MO. Location. The project is located on Spring River, a tributary of the Grand (Neosho) River in the Arkansas River Basin, in the immediate vicinity of Carthage, Jasper County, Mo. (See U. S. Geological Survey map for Carthage, Mo. quadrangle, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a levee on the northeast side of Carthage, Mo., to prevent flooding from Spring River and Carter Creek. The levee would extend upstream along the south bank of Spring River for a distance of about 1 mile. A grade elevation for the top of levee would be so constructed as to provide a freeboard of 3 feet above the project design flood. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 689 The estimated Federal cost (1954) is $383,000, and the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $36,600. The existing project was authorized by the 1948 Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. (See H. Doc. 445, 80th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. In addition, local interests are required to furnish acceptable assurances that the flood carrying capacity of the existing stream channels will not be decreased. To date, these requirements have not been met; however, legally qualified organization is being formed to comply with local cooperation requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and design studies in connection with preparation of contract plans and specifications were essentially completed, by hired labor. The cost of new work during the fiscal year amounted to $4,986. Condition at end of fiscal year. Contract plans and specifica- tions have been completed to a point where construction can be initiated as soon as construction funds are appropriated. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $15,686. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 * Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -- - $14, 300 - -- $3, 714 $8, 600 -$3, 500 $15, 686 Oost---------------. 2, 818 $6, 966 802 114 4, 986 15, 686 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project ......-- ... ................._ .. $. $367, 314 18. PENSACOLA RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. Pensacola Dam is located on the Grand (Neosho) River, 77 miles above its mouth, and adjacent to the town of Dis- ney, Mayes County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Pryor, Wyandotte, Vinita, Okla., and Siloam Springs, Ark., quad- rangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. During fiscal year 1941 the Grand River Dam Authority, an agency of the State of Oklahoma, under a license dated July 26, 1939, issued by the Federal Power Commis- sion, completed the construction of a reservoir for flood control and hydroelectric power at the Pensacola site in the Arkansas River Basin. The dam is of the concrete, multiple arch type, 6,565 feet long and 147 feet above the stream bed. The existing dam and reservoir provides 1,653,000 acre-feet of storage to top of power pool and 245,000 acre-feet of flood control storage. The flood control storage lies between elevations 745 and 750. How- ever, under the terms of the Federal Power Commission license, the dam and appurtenant structures were constructed to a height which would allow storage of flood waters to elevation 755 (Pen- sacola datum) when necessary lands or rights-of-way were ac- quired by the Federal Government. 690 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, modified the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes for the Arkansas River Basin to include the Pensacola, Markham Ferry, and Fort Gibson Reservoirs in the Grand (Neosho) River Basin in Oklahoma and Missouri, in accordance with recommenda- tions of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 107, 76th Con- gress, 1st session. The improvements recommended in that docu- ment included a reservoir for flood control at the Pensacola site which provided for 960,000 acre-feet of flood control storage. The existing project now provides for making available 278,000 acre-feet of flood control storage between elevations 750 and 755 in addition to the storage provided in the project as constructed by the Grand River Dam Authority. Flowage easements for cer- tain portions of the necessary lands have been acquired by the Federal Government through the Southwestern Power Admin- istration, Department of the Interior, and the Federal Works Agency. The estimated cost (1954) for acquisition of additional flowage easements necessary for operation of the reservoir to ele- vation 755 is $1,710,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Flood control stor- age in the pioject was operated by the Grand River Dam Authority (an agency of the State of Oklahoma) under the direction of the Corps of Engineers. The Grand River Dam Authority was reim- bursed for their expense in connection with maintaining and operating local protection works at Wyandotte, Okla. The cost during the fiscal year was $2,224. Condition at end of fiscal year. Real estate planning studies necessary prior to completion of the land acquisition program, initiated by other agencies, are essentially complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $52,126 for new work and $7,868 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: -- $2, 261 Appropriated----........------------ ----------............--............ .------------------------ $52, 126 Cost---------------- ----------- $75 33 ------------------------ 52, 126 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ ------------ 3, 200 1,000 $2, 000 $1, 700 7, 900 Cost- . .------------ ------------ 2, 797 626 2, 221 2,224 7, 868 19. FORT GIBSON RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Fort Gibson dam is located on the Grand (Neo- sho) River, 7.7 miles above its mouth, and about 5 miles north and east of Fort Gibson, Muskogee County, Okla. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey maps for Muskogee and Pryor, Okla., quadrangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a con- crete gravity-type dam, 2,850 feet long at the top, rising 110 feet FLOOD CONTROL--TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 691 above the streambed, with a reservoir providing for the storage of 922,000 acre-feet for flood control and 365,000 acre-feet for storage to top of power pool. The project includes a powerhouse structure, a gate-controlled spillway, and two nonoverflow abut- ment sections. The powerhouse structure is located on the left bank of the existing river channel with the spillway structure ex- tending across the river channel and a major portion of the right bank flood plain. The reservoir, which controls 12,492 square miles, will be operated as a unit of the three-reservoir system on the lower Grand (Neosho) River, and as one unit in the compre- hensive plan for the Arkansas River Basin. The hydroelectric development consists of 4 units having an installed capacity of 45,000 kw. The ultimate planned is for 6 units with a total of 67,000 kw. The estimated costs (1954) are $28,842,100 for construction and $13,157,900 for lands and damages, a total of $42,000,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $340,000 (1954). The War Department Civil Appropriation Act, 1947 (Public Law 374, 79th Cong.), approved May 2, 1946, provided that in the construction of the Fort Gibson flood control project in Oklahoma, the Chief of Engineers is authorized and directed to cooperate with the officials of the city of Muskogee in protecting the domestic water supply of such city. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 107, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. All completed structures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condi- tion throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. In general, the new work accomplished consisted of construction of floating bulk- head, a stop-log structure for the power intake works, mechanical adjustments to power generating equipment, and construction of administrative facilities, all by contract. Construction of an ad- ministrative and maintenance building, an overlook, and a paint and oil storage building were started, by contract, on August 6, 1953, and are now 95 percent complete. A total of 39,497,200 kilowatt hours was generated at this proj- ect during the fiscal year, all of which was delivered to the South- western Power Administration for marketing. The costs during the fiscal year were $473,094 for new work and $298,448 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Initial project construction be- gan in March 1942 with the construction of temporary field office buildings but further construction at the project was held in abey- ance during World War II. Construction of the concrete dam and spillway, the largest single feature of the project, started by con- tract on May 22, 1946, was completed on June 15, 1950, at a total cost of $17,058,525. Impoundment of the power pool was com- pleted March 13, 1953, and dedication ceremonies were held June 6, 1953. All four power generating units have been installed and 692 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tested. Starting dates for commercial power generation were as follows: Unit No. 1-March 30, 1953; Unit No. 2-March 31, 1953; Unit No. 3-May 29, 1953; and Unit No. 4-Sept. 2, 1953. As parts of the highway relocation work were constructed in accordance with the desires of the Oklahoma Highway Depart- ment, utilizing their specifications, the State of Oklahoma con- tributed $34,340.12 for fiscal year 1950, and $80,933.58 during fiscal year 1951, to defray the extra expense incurred by the Gov- ernment in construction of the improved facilities. The total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1954 amount to $451,909. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary tabulated below. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $41,642,726 of which $40,703,415 was from regular new work funds, and $824,- 037 was from regular maintenance funds, and $115,274 was from special funds contributed for betterments. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- ...... $$12, 000, 000 $4, 946, 500 $2, 400, 000 -$103, 000 ------------ 1 $40, 996, 500 Cost--------------- 5, 452, 679 5, 574, 800 3, 783, 523 4, 362, 008 $473, 094 1 40, 703, 415 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ 58, 000 133, 500 157, 210 177, 006 302, 200 827, 916 Cost--------_ ---- -- 53, 376 135, 365 155, 706 181, 142 298, 448 824, 037 1 Does not include $115,274 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-.............-----------$251, 554 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------...........................................................................-----------------------------------.251, 554 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project .............. ...... . ........ ...... . 1, 003, 500 20. TENKILLER FERRY RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Tenkiller Ferry dam is located on the Illinois River 13 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River, and about 7 miles northwest of Vian, and 7 miles northeast of Gore, Sequoyah County, Okla. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Muskogee, Okla. and Tahlequah, Okla. and Ark. quadrangles, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam 3,000 feet long and rising 197 feet above the riverbed. The reservoir which controls 1,610 square miles provides for the storage of 600,000 acre-feet for flood control and 630,000 acre-feet of storage to the top of power pool or total gross capacity of 1,230,000 acre-feet. A gated concrete spillway is provided at a saddle in the right abutment and a 19-foot diameter gated conduit through the ridge forms the outlet works. A second 19-foot gated, conduit, adjacent to the outlet conduit, forms a power penstock. A dike 1,350 feet long with a maximum height of 25 feet extends FLOOD CONTROI-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 693 along the saddle ridge between the dam and spillway. The hydro- electric development consists of 2 units with an installed capacity of 34,000 kw. The estimated costs for the project (1954) are $19,451,700 for construction and $2,988,300 for lands and damages, a total of $22,440,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $235,000 (1954). Authorizations for the project are listed below: Act Work authorized Documents and reports Flood Oontrol Act, June 28, 1938.1Construction of a flood control reser- House of Representatives Com- voir. mittee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st Session. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Installation of hydroelectric power House Document No. 758, 79th 1946. facilities. Congress, 2d Session. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. Construction of the project as a whole was continued from 97 percent to 98 percent completion. The work accomplished consisted of mechanical ad- justments, final installation of tainter gates and testing of power generating equipment, by contract. Commercial sale of power from Unit No. 2 started November 16, 1953, and from Unit No. 1 on December 3, 1953. Other new work consisted of construction of access roads and boat launching ramps, by hired labor, and initiation of construction on quarters for operative personnel, by contract. Power generated during the fiscal year amounted to 43,337,900 kilowatt hours and was delivered to the Southwestern Power Ad- ministration for marketing. The costs during the fiscal year were $329,329 for new work and $174,400 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Initial construction, consisting of access roads, clearing dam site, and first stage embankment construction, was started June 17, 1947. Construction of the second stage embankment was started March 14, 1950, and com- pleted May 2, 1952, while construction of the spillway, outlet and diversion tunnels, gate tower and access road to the powerhouse, was started February 9, 1949, and completed July 12, 1951. Except for completion of contracts now underway covering construction of quarters for operative personnel and installation of minor operating control equipment, the work required to com- plete the project consists of additional public-use facilities. A bridge requiring relocation was constructed in accordance with the desires of the Cherokee County highway commissioners, utilizing their specifications. Cherokee County contributed $946 during fiscal year 1952 to defray the extra expense incurred by the Government in constructing the improved facilities. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through 694, REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S'. ARMY, 1954 fiscal year 1954 amount to $21,224. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary shown below. Total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $22,273,367, of which $21,977,446 was from new work funds, $294,975 from maintenance funds, and $946 from special funds contributed for betterments. Cost and financial sunmary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated........ $5, 500, 000 $5, 065, 000 $3, 500, 000 $2,115, 000 $191, 700 1$22, 294, 905 Cost._---_..-- -..... 5, 021, 867 4, 826, 268 4, 208, 569 3, 518, 689 329, 329 1 21, 977, 446 Maintenance:. Appropriated- ...--------------------- 47, 800 73, 994 173, 900 295, 694 Cost--- -------.------ -------- 41, 366 79, 209 174,400 294, 975 'Does not include $946 contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .... $270, 584 ..........------------ Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........ -----------------------....................... ........ . ......... 270,584 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----..........-----------------------------145,095 21. WISTER RESERVOIR, ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, OKLA. Location. The Wister dam is located on the Poteau River about 61 miles above its confluence with the Arkansas River and about 2 miles south of Wister, Le Flore County, Okla. (See U. S. Geologi- cal Survey map for Winding Stair, Okla. quadrangle, scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of an earthfill dam about 5,700 feet long and rising 99 feet above the riverbed, with a reservoir storage of 400,000 acre-feet for flood control and 30,000 acre-feet for siltation, recreation, and preser- vation of wildlife. An uncontrolled concrete spillway located in a ridge in the right abutment provides for passage of flood flows into the valley below the dam. The outlet works consist of two 16-foot by 12-foot 10-inch gated conduits near the present channel. A dike about 2,400 feet long and 40 feet in maximum height is provided in the right abutment. The reservoir, which controls 993 square miles, is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for flood control in the Arkansas River Basin. The estimated costs (1954) are $7,587,700 for construction and $2,859,300 for lands and damages, a total of $10,447,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $92,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 695 Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. New work costs were applied to settle- ment of deficiency judgments and land condemnation proceedings. Estimated flood losses prevented by the existence of the project amounted to $477,000 during the fiscal year and receipts from out- leasing Government-owned land totaled $7,273. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,014 for new work and $82,050 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is essentially com- plete and is in operation. Construction of the embankment, spill- way and outlet works was started April 10, 1946; embankment closure operations were started June 18, 1948, and completed May 26, 1949. However, initial storage operations were not begun until October 4, 1949, inasmuch as the land acquisition and relo- cation programs were not far enough advanced to permit storage prior to that date. Dedication ceremonies were held June 16, 1951. The work remaining to financially complete the project consists of possible settlement of outstanding claims. Total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1954 amounts to $32,079. Such receipts are not in- cluded in the cost and financial summary shown below. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $10,428,000 for new work and $423,507 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: -------- Appropriated... $107, 321 $92, 000 -$60, 321 -$2, 000 $19, 000 $10, 447, 000 Cost--------------- 1, 044, 494 269, 823 -2, 281 659 1, 014 10, 428, 000 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ 107, 100 83, 800 77, 290 78, 100 80, 900 427, 190 Cost.---------------- 109, 750 77, 885 80, 867 72, 955 82, 050 423, 507 Other new work data: Tnobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 -.......... $19,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, ...... 1955------......... ....... ................. ...................-----------------.........----.. .....19,000 22. ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN, TULSA DISTRICT Location. These improvements are located on the Arkansas River and tributary streams in the States of Kansas and Oklahoma. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Arkansas River Basin was adopted by Congress in 1938. The original authorization of $21 million has been modified by subsequent additions and revisions to the plan and the present basin authorization is $283,573,000. The reservoirs within the Tulsa District included in the com- prehensive plan are listed below: 696 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Estimated cost 1 Reservoir River Construction Land Relocations Total Canton 2.._-----_------___-_ 2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- North Canadian- 9, 607, 575 645, 200 $ 74, 800 10, 327, 575 Keystone .................... Arkansas---.......... 58, 680, 000 10, 820, 000 83, 500, 000 153, 000, 000 Toronto 2.- - -. - ....... . --...._ Verdigris--..-.-.... 10, 797, 300 2, 292, 000 6, 610, 700 19, 700, 000 Fall River 2_ __ -- _____ - Fall River. -..... 8, 505, 261 1, 687, 100 262, 400 10, 454, 761 Oologah 2 __................ --------- Verdigris....... 10, 593, 200 8, 311, 000 12, 515, 800 31,420,000 Tenkiller _Ferry 2- - .Illinois . - -.. ... 19, 451, 700 1, 484, 300 1, 504, 000 22,440, 000 Wister 2_ -- . __ Poteau. -.... 7, 587, 700 1, 133, 700 1, 725, 600 10, 447, 000 Neodesha S.. ... 3 Verdigris ........ 12, 600, 600 1, 474, 000 4, 025, 400 18, 100, 000 Elk City (Table Mound) . - .. Elk...........-.. 16, 585, 000 2, 339, 000 7, 406, 000 26, 330, 000 Pensacola 2 -................ Grand (Neosho)_...--------- 1, 710, 000 -- --- 1, 710, 000 Markham Ferry ----........... Grand (Neosho)_ 30, 111, 300 1, 990, 000 9, 598, 700 41, 700, 000 Fort Gibson 2-...._.__-_- _ Grand (Neosho)_ 28, 842, 100 3, 398, 500 9, 759, 400 42, 000, 000 Eufaula ................. Canadian .. 72, 678,100 12, 382, 000 67, 939, 900 153, 000, 000 1 Includes reservoir management and facilities for public use of the reservoir area. 2 See individual report for details of this project. = See inactive flood control projects. 4 For acquisition of additional flowage easements only. The following projects are reported individually in the pre- ceding pages: Canton, Fall River, Tenkiller Ferry, Wister, and Fort Gibson Reservoirs, completed or essentially complete; Oologah Reservoir on which construction was initiated but is now in a stand-by status; Keystone and Toronto Reservoirs now in the de- tailed planning stage; and Pensacola Reservoir constructed by the Grand River Dam Authority with flood control regulations as- signed as a responsibility of the Corps of Engineers. The remaining projects are reported inactive at this time. Authorizations for the comprehensive plan are listed below: Act Work authorized Documents and reports Flood Control Act, June 28, Oologah, Canton, Tenkiller Flood Control Ferry, Committee 1938. and Wister Reservoirs. Document No. 1, 75th Con- gress, 1st Session. Flood Control Act, August 18, Markham Ferry, Fort Gibson, Pensa- House Documents Nos. 107 1941. cola, Fall River, Elk City, Toronto, and 440, 76th Congress, 1st and Neodesha Reservoirs. Session. River and Harbor Act, July 24, Eufaula Reservoir...-------.---------. House Document No. 758, 79th 1946. Congress, 2d Session. Flood Control Act, May 17, Keystone Reservoir--___ ------ - Senate Document No. 107, 1950. 81st Congress, 1st Session. 23. DENISON DAM (LAKE TEXOMA), RED RIVER, TEX. AND OKLA. Location. The Denison Dam is located on Red River, 726 miles above the mouth of the river and 5 miles northwest of Denison, Tex. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps for Denison, Tex., and Tishomingo, Okla., quadrangles; scale 1:125,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of a rolled earthfill dam 15,200 feet long, rising 165 feet above the stream bed with the reservoir providing 2,690,400 acre-feet of flood control storage, 1,784,300 acre-feet of power storage, 1,223,000 acre-feet for accumulation of silt, and 21,300 acre-feet for conservation purposes. The outlet works, consisting of a gate-control house and eight conduits, each 20 feet in diameter, and the powerhouse, are located on the right abutment. A chute-type spillway 2,000 feet wide located in a saddle on the right bank will discharge flood flows through a creek to a point 1 mile below the dam. The plan of improvement also provides for the diversion of the Washita FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 697 River and the construction of levees to protect the Cumberland oil field from inundation. The project, which controls 39,719 square miles, provides for flood protection to lands in Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana, the generation of power, improvement of navigation, regulation of the flow of the Red River, and for other beneficial uses. The hydroelectric development consists of 2 units having an installed capacity of 70,000 kw. The ultimate installation planned is for 5 units with a total of 175,000 kw. The estimated costs (based upon installation of three power generating units) (1954) are $47,333,300 for construction and $18,566,700 for lands and damages, a total of $65,900,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $435,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and amended by section 4, Public Law 868, 76th Congress, 3d session, approved October 17, 1940. (See H. Doc. 541, 75th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest pub- lished maps.) The congressional act, Public Law 454, 78th Congress, chapter 456, 2d session, approved September 30, 1944, provided that from and after the enactment of that act the lake formed by the im- pounding of waters of the Red River by Denison Dam, shall be known and designated on the public records as Lake Texoma. The congressional Act, Public Law 273, 83d Congress, chapter 487, 1st session, approved August 14, 1953, further modified the project by authorizing the making of a contract with the city of Denison, Texas, for storage for a regulated water supply. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. In aceordance with authority in Public Law 273, 83d Cong., 2d sess., a water conservation contract with the City of Denison, dated August 31, 1953, was approved by the Chief of Engineers. This contract makes available 21,300 acre-feet of conservation storage at an annual cost of $13,800. Operations and results during fiscal year. All completed struc- tures were operated and maintained in a serviceable condition throughout the fiscal year, by hired labor. Repairs to powerhead gates, including installation of gate limit switch and position indicator, were completed, by hired labor. The new work accom- plished by contract consists of procurement and installation of additional communication facilities, namely, load control and tele- metering equipment and carrier current equipment. Receipts from outleasing Government-owned land during the fiscal year amount to $123,532. Power generated by operation of the project during the fiscal year amounted to 192,420,000 kilo- watt hours. This power was delivered to the Southwestern Power Administration for marketing. The cost during the fiscal year was $10,671 for new work and $437,788 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in August 1939. Storage of water for power generation was begun January 7, 1944, and power from the first installed unit was available for sale on March 9, 1945. The second power unit 698 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 was placed in operation on September 18, 1949. The project as authorized provides for ultimate installation of five power units. With the exception of construction required to install future power generating units, the project is essentially complete. The total receipts from outleasing Government-owned land through fiscal year 1954 amount to $746,213. Such receipts are not included in the cost and financial summary shown below. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $60,072,324 and the total cost of maintenance was $3,753,076. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ... __ $550, 000 000 $208, $400, 000 $5, 000 300 $8, $60, 105, 289 Cost---------------- 882, 102 411, 478 138, 362 343, 301 10, 671 60, 072, 324 Maintenance: Appropriated------- ....... 523, 000 492, 000 463, 334 387, 000 421, 000 3, 760, 566 Cost---------------- 537, 460 465, 592 467, 600 373, 355 437, 788 3,753,076 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.....-------.... $19, 927 ----................. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.... ------------------------------------------ 19,927 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project--------....-..--...... ........ ..... 5, 794, 711 ......----------.............. 24. RED RIVER BELOW DENISON DAM, TULSA DISTRICT Location. The work covered by this project is located on the Red River and its tributaries below Denison Dam, in Oklahoma, Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, approved the general plan for flood control on Red River below Denison Dam, which provides for the construction of six flood control reservoirs in combination with existing or authorized Federal and non-Federal levee improvements, modified as re- quired, and channel stabilization at locations where levee setbacks are impossible or uneconomical. This act further authorized the incorporation of the several separate existing projects for flood control along the Red River below Denison, above the juris- diction of the Mississippi River Commission, into this project. The total estimated cost to the United States in the Tulsa district (1954) is $103,794,500 for construction and lands and dam- ages. The project was authorized substantially in accordance with House Document No. 602, 79th Congress, 2d session, which contains the latest published map. The reservoirs and bank stabilization included in the general flood control plan for the Red River below Denison Dam within the FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 699 limits of the Tulsa District are reported on as noted in the follow- ing table: Dis- Height Cost (1954) tance of Dam Drainage Reservoir Name Nearest above and area capacity Con- Land and city mouth type sq. miles (acre-feet) on sstruction damage damages Total Boswell2 Reser- Boswell, 18. 9 '95 2, 273 1, 135, 000 $21, 767, 500 3, 432, 500 $25, 200, 000 voir. Okla. Hugo Reser- Hugo, 20. 7 489 1, 706 850, 000 20, 132, 400 2, 337, 600 22, 470, 000 voir.2 Okla. Millwood Reser- Millwood 16. 0 '97 4, 144 2, 260, 000 31, 155, 100 24, 744, 900 55, 900, 000 voir.1 Ark. Bank s stabiliza- Index, 485.3 -......................------------ ---------- 222, 105 tion. Ark. 1Details are presented in individual report. 2 See inactive flood control projects. 8 Details of entire program reported under New Orleans District. 4 Earthfill Dam. 25. MILLWOOD RESERVOIR, LITTLE RIVER, ARK. Location. The Millwood dam site is located on the Little River, 16 miles above its mouth, and about 10 miles northwest of Fulton, Hempstead County, Ark. (See sectional aeronautical chart, Shreve- port sheet, scale 1:500,000.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam and concrete structure 18,900 feet long and rising about 97 feet above the streambed, with reservoir storage of 2,208,000 acre-feet for flood control and 52,000 acre-feet for siltation, recreation, and preservation of wildlife. A concrete channel spillway, controlled by twelve 40- by 30-foot gates on the weir crest, will provide for the passage of flood flows into the valley below. The reservoir which will control 4,144 square miles will be operated as a unit of a reservoir system for flood control in the Red River Basin. The estimated costs (1954) are $31,155,100 for construction and $24,744,900 for lands and damages, a total of $55,900,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved July 24, 1946. (See House Document No. 602, 79th Congress, 2d Session, which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Economic studies in connection with the project site selection report were continued, by hired labor. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,983. Condition at end of fiscal year. Project is in preliminary plan- ning stage with studies and design required prior to actual initia- tion of construction about 41 percent complete. The total cost and expenditures to the end of the fiscal year amount to $196,813, all for new work. 700 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ......- $200, 000 $50, 000 -$55, 170 $2, 000 $196, 830 Cost----------------- 93, 910 94, 084 6, 549 $287 1, 983 196, 813 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 .............-...... $17 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..----....----. ..----- ...- -------------........... 17 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-----...............................................-----------------------... ......... 55, 703, 170 26. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance ARKANSAS RIVER, MAIN STEM AND MINOR TRIBUTARIES 1. Big Slough to Belle Plaine, Kans. 5.......... 11937 $6,490,000 2. Augusta, Kans. -.... . . . . ..------------------11938 (') 3. Winfleld Kans.......-------------- 11937 4. Jenks, Okla, .-------.--- ..---------------. 1950 $344, 797 5. Kaw, Okla ....... _---............... ..---- 1953 34, 284 NORTH CANADIAN RIVER 6. Optima Reservoir, Okla .................. 1952 168, 068 -......... 22, 68, 932 GRAND (NEOSHO) RIVER 7. Monett, Missouri 2 7___........_______.......1948 757, 000 8. Florence, Kans . 8................ 11937 6, 000 9. Iola, Kans ..................------ 1 1939 22,290 (4) 10. Council Grove Reservoir, Kans.............. 1952 11, 935, 000 11. Marion Reservoir, Kans ......--............. 1952 .- 623 .305, 7,755,000 12. Cedar Point Reservoir, Kans ................ 1952 6, 385,000 13. Markham Ferry Reservoir 1953 ................-------------- 305, 623 41, 700, 000 VERDIGRIS RIVER 14. Verdigris2 River from mouth to Madison, 11938 ' 913, 000 Kans. 6 15. West of Fredonia, Wilson County, Kans.' 5_. 11937 741, 000 16. West of Benedict, Wilson County, Kans. 5___ 11937 765, 000 17. West of Elk City, Montgomery County, 11937 319, 000 Kans.' 5 18. Caney Creek, Washington County, Okla., 1 1937 616, 000 and Chautauqua and Montgomery Coun- ties, Kans.s 5 19. Neodesha Reservoir, Kans _.............. 1952 97, 910- 18,002, 090 20. Elk City Reservoir, Kans_------ 1952 89, 893 ---....-- - 26, 240, 107 CANADIAN RIVER 21. Eufaula Reservoir, Okla_ ----- 1952 950, 101 .________ 152, 09,899 SALT FORK OF ARKANSAS RIVER 2 22. Blackwell, Okla. 5.. -- -- . 11937 197, 000 See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL---TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 701 For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance NORTH FORK OF RED RIVER 23. L Reservoir, North Fork of Red River, 1942 $1, 130, 000 __----- (10) RED RIVER 24. Boswell Reservoir, Boggy Creek, Okla....... 1952 128, 786------------ $25, 071, 214 25. Hugo Reservoir, Kiamichi River, Okla-.... 1952 60, 000 _ ......... 22, 410, 000 26. Snagging and Clearing Under Authority of 1952 21, 490 ........... (4) F. C. Act Approved July 24, 1946 27. Emergency Bank Protection Work Under 1950 53, 996_(4) Authority of the F. C. Act Approved De- cember 22, 1944 28. Emergency Bank Protection Work Under 1953 188, 523 (4) Authority of the Flood Control Act Ap- proved July 24, 1946 29. Emergency Flood Control Work Under 1953-------------- $1, 671, 753 (4) Authority of Public Laws Nos. 138 and 318, 78th Congress, Public Law No. 75, 79th Congress, and Public Laws Nos. 102 and 858, 80th Congress 30. Emergency Flood Control Work Authority 1953 5, 519 (4) of Public Law 371, Approved June 4, 1952 1In 1937 the projects were reported by the Memphis District; in 1938 and 1939 by the Little Rock District. 2 Awaiting local cooperation. ' Project completed by Kansas Works Progress Administration. 'Complete. 5 In conformance with provisions of the 1941 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on April 18, 1952, that authorization for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 6 In conformance with provisions of the 1944 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on April 24, 1952, that authorization for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 7 In conformance with provisions of the 1948 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on November 7, 1952, that authority for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. a In conformance with provisions of the 1948 Flood Control Act, local interests were notified on February 5, 1954, that authority for construction of the project will expire 5 years from that date unless assurances of local cooperation satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army are received prior to that time. 9Some work on this project was done by Wilson County (Kans.) Civil Works Administration in 1933 and 1934. 10Project was constructed by U. S. Bureau of Reclamation for irrigation. Participation by Dept. of Army was for financing flood control portion of project, and this participation has been completed. n To be constructed by the Grand River Dam Authority, an agency of the State of Oklahoma. A bill is pending in Congress which would provide for Federal participation to an amount of $6,500,000 in payment for the flood control portion of the project. 27. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs of general investigations during the fiscal year were $235,130, of which $231,630 was for engineering studies in connection with preparation of examination and survey reports and $3,500 was for collection and study of basic data. At the end of the fiscal year, the balance unexpended from previous allotments amounted to $7,486. This amount will be applied to continued studies and preparation of reports assigned to this office. Estimated additional funds which can be profitably expended in the succeeding fiscal year amount to $197,000 for examinations and surveys and $23,900 for collection and study of basic data. 702 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U.- S. ARMY, 1954 Collection and study of basic data. As noted above, the sum of $3,500 was expended during fiscal year 1954 for work under this heading. These costs were applied as follows: $1,499 was for observing and compiling data on stream flow, and $2,001 was for analysis of basic data required for keeping up-to-date information essential to properly evaluate the continuing and recurring water resource development program. 28. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS The costs under this heading are incurred during semiannual inspections conducted to see if local interests are complying with existing regulations and requirements in maintaining and oper- ating projects constructed with Federal funds and transferred to them. Inspections conducted during the fiscal year indicate that exist- ing agreements and regulations are being complied with at the following projects: (1) Tulsa-West Tulsa Levee, Okla.; (2) Jenks Levee, Okla.; (3) Polecat Creek Channel Improvement, Okla.; (4) Iola Levee, Kans., anid (5) Completed portions of Wichita Levees, Kans. The cost of work under this heading during fiscal year 1954 was $932. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated---------___ ___-__ - $2, 000 $1, 020 $300 $600 $3, 920 Cost _______ _____-------- - _ 1, 487 959 517 932 3, 895 29. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood control emergenices-repairand flood fighting and rescue work (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). Under this heading the cost of all work accomplished during the :fiscal year amounted to $27,303. This work consisted of needed levee repairs at 6 separate locations, of which 3 levees were in Kansas and 3 were in Oklahoma. Repairs to Council Grove Levee on the Neosho River in Kansas was the largest levee repair effected during fiscal year 1954. This levee repair cost $22,081. Hired labor operations performed under this heading consisted of prac- tice exercises on flood fighting which cost $361, all other operations were performed by contract. FLOOD CONTROL-TULSA, OKLA., DISTRICT 703 30. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS The work accomplished under this heading consists of operating activities necessary in the basin wide coordination of functional scheduling of releases from reservoirs operated by other agencies. Hired labor costs during the fiscal year were $1,197, all from maintenance funds. At the end of the fiscal year, there was an unobligated balance of $303. This amount, together with an ex- pected allotment of $1,000 during fiscal year 1955, a total of $1,303, will be applied to continued scheduling and coordination activities. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------ $1, 500 $1, 500 Cost --------- ----------------------------------------------- 1, 197 1, 197 Sig 23-703.7384 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT This district comprises those portions of southwestern Illinois and eastern Missouri embraced in the drainage basin of the Mississippi River and its western tributaries, exclusive of the Missouri River, between the mouth of the Ohio River and mile 300 above the same, and of its eastern tributaries to Hamburg Bay at mile 261 on the left bank, exclusive of the tributary basin of the Illinois Waterway upstream of the new La Grange Lock and Dam at mile 80.15 above the confluence of the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. The district also includes the drainage basin in Missouri tributary to the Little River diversion channel. Re- port on Mississippi River between the Missouri River and mile 300 is included in the report on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. Report on that portion of the Illinois River downstream of the new La Grange Lock and Dam is included in report on Illinois Waterway, Illinois, contained in the report of the district engineer, Chicago, Ill. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Mississippi River between the 15. Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ohio and Missouri Rivers...... 706 Ivy Landing, Ill................... 719 2. Mississippi River between the 16. Fort Chartres and Ivy Land- Missouri River and Minnea- ing drainage district No. 5, polis, Minn. (St. Louis Dis- Ill ................ 720 trict) ................-. - - .... 709 17. Harrisonville and Ivy Landing 3. Illinois Waterway, Ill .......... 709 drainage and levee district 4. Inactive Navigation Projects.._ 709 No. 2, Ill ..... ............... 721 18. Columbia drainage and levee Flood control district No. 3, Ill.................- 722 19. Wilson and Wenkel and Prairie 5. East Cape Girardeau and Clear duPont drainage and levee Creek drainage district, Ill.... 709 districts, Ill............... ......... 723 6. Cape Girardeau, Mo.................. 710 20. East St. Louis and vicinity, Ill 724 7. North Alexander drainage and 21. Chouteau, Nameoki and Venice levee district, Ill .................. 711 drainage and levee district, 8. Clear Creek drainage and levee Ill.. ................. 725 district, Ill.............................. 712 22. Wood River drainage and levee 9. Miller Pond drainage district, district, Ill ......................... 726 Ill .................. ............. 713 23. Carlyle Reservoir, Upper Miss- 10. Preston drainage and levee issippi River Basin, Ill-.......... 727 district, Ill.... .. . 714 24. Upper Mississippi River Basin, 11. Grand Tower drainage and St. Louis District.............. 728 levee district, Ill.................... 715 25. Inactive flood control projects.. 730 12. Degognia and Fountain Bluff 26. General investigations................ 730 levee and drainage district, 27. Inspection of completed works, 716 flood control projects ............. Ill..........................-------......----------.............. 731 13. Perry County drainage and 28. Flood control work under spe- levee districts, Nos. 1, 2 and cial authorization.................... 731 3, Mo--..................................---- 717 29. Miscellaneous investigations.... 732 14. Prairie du Rocher and vicini- 30. Regulation, other regulatory ty, Ill.. 718 functions.......... ......... ...... .. 732 705 706 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 1. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE OHIO AND MISSOURI RIVERS Location. The Mississippi River rises in Lake Itasca, Minn., and, from that lake flows in a southerly direction about 2,350 miles and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The portion included in this report embraces the 95-mile section known as the middle Missis- sippi, between the tributary Ohio and Missouri Rivers, about 984 to 1,179 miles from the Gulf. Previous projects. The original project for the improvement of the Mississippi River between the Ohio and Missouri Rivers was recommended by a board of engineers in a report, dated April 13, 1872, and concurred in by the Chief of Engineers. For further details, see page 1879 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1014 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for obtaining and maintaining a minimum channel depth of not less than 9 feet, a minimum width of not less than 300 feet at low water, with additional widths in bends from the mouth of the Ohio River (about.984 miles from the Gulf) to the northern boundary of the city of St. Louis, 191 miles; thence 200 feet wide, with additional width in bends to the mouth of the Missouri River, 4 miles; to be obtained: First, by regulating works, for closing sloughs and secondary channels, and narrowing the river; by building new banks where the natural width is excessive and protecting new and old banks from erosion where necessary to secure permanency; second, by dredging or other temporary expedients to maintain channels of project di- mensions; third, by construction of works authorized for the Chain of Rocks reach in the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, which approved a comprehensive plan for development of the Mississippi River at Chain of Rocks so as to provide for con- struction of a lateral canal at an estimated first cost to the United States of approximately $10,290,000, with annual maintenance and operation cost of $70,000, subject to such modification as the Chief of Engineers may find necessary when the project is under- taken; and to authorize the relocation of the river channel and reclamation of the area in Sawyer Bend for airport, park, recrea- tional, and similar purposes at a cost to local interests of approxi- mately $17,555,000: Provided, That any modification of the pres- ent river channel required by the civic development be deferred until completion of the lateral canal in the interest of navigation and that the river diversion work connected with such civic de- velopment be under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers in order to insure that the interests of interstate and foreign com- merce be properly protected: And further provided, That local in- terests hold and save the United States free from any claims for damages that might be incurred due to the construction, mainte- nance, or operation of such civic development or any part thereof (H. Doc. 231, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated cost of new work (1954) is $97,713,000. The estimated annual cost of maintenance (1954) is $1,370,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 707 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents i Project for regulating works adopted in 1881. (To Annual Report, 1881, p. 1536. obtain a minimum depth of 8 feet.) June 3, 1896 June 13, 1902 Dredging introduced as part of the project--.......------ Mar. 2, 1907 Mar. 3, 19051 These acts practically abrogated that part of the Mar. 2, 19071 project for the middle Mississippi which proposed regulating works. June 25, 1910 Regulating works restored to the project and appro- H. Doc. 50, 61st Cong., 1st sess., priations begun with a view to the completion of and H. 2 Doc. 168, 58th Cong., the improvement between the Ohio and Missouri 2d sess. Rivers within 12 years at an estimated cost of $21,000,000, exclusive of amounts previously ex- pended. Jan. 21, 1927 For a depth of 9 feet and width of 300 feet from the Rivers and Harbors Committee, Ohio River to the northern boundary of the city of Doec. 9, 69th Cong., 2d sess. St. Louis, with the estimated cost of maintenance increased to $900,000 annually. July 3, 1930 Project between the northern boundary of the city of Rivers and Harbors Committee, St. Louis and Grafton (mouth of Illinois River) Doc. 12, 70th Cong., 1st sess. modified to provide for a channel 9 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide with additional width around bends, at an estimated cost of $1,500,000, with $125,000 annually for maintenance. Mar. 2, 1945 Modified to provide for construction of a lateral canal H. Doc. 231, 76th Cong., 1st sess. with lock at Chain of Rocks, at an estimated first cost to the United States of about $10,290,000, with $70,000 annually for maintenance and operation. 1Also joint resolution, June 29, 1906. 2 Contains latest published map. See House Document 669 (76th Cong., 3d sess.) for report of Chief of Engineers dated February 27, 1940, containing a general plan for improvement of the Mississippi River between Coon Rapids Dam and the mouth of the Ohio River for purposes of navigation, power development, the control of floods, and the needs of irrigation. Recommended modifications of project. By letter dated July 28, 1952, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the existing project be modified to provide for a small-boat harbor opposite Chester, Ill., consisting of a basin with a project depth of 6 feet, 250 feet wide, 650 feet long with an approach channel of the same depth, 50 feet wide and approximately 1,200 feet long. The esti- mated cost of construction to the United States (1950) is $57,700. First costs to be borne by local interests are estimated at $58,700, including a cash contribution estimated at $29,000. (H. Doc. No.. 230, 83d Cong., 1st sess.) Terminal facilities. Most of the water terminal and transfer facilities of the district are described in volumes 1 and 4 of the four-volume report of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Har- bors, entitled "Survey of Terminals and Landings on the Inland Waterways of the United States." Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction works were carried on by contract and by hired labor with Government plant, weather conditions and river stages being favorable for construction during most of the year. Regulating works were maintained, and project dimensions of channels were secured by dredging. New work: Costs of $747,429 were incurred on the improvement 708 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 at Chain of Rocks as follows: By contract, construction of locks, $41,334; construction of canal, $382,404; construction of levees, $132,889; pumping plants and drainage facilities, $5,000; perma- nent operating equipment, $8,169; engineering and design, $80,940; miscellaneous costs, $75,338; real estate expense, management, ap- praisals, condemnations, mapping, and surveying, $25,349, and pending adjustment, -$3,994. Maintenance: Dikes (14,745 linear feet) and revetments (3,350 linear feet) were repaired at a cost of $682,281. The required 9-foot channel was maintained by two United States hydraulic dredges. Channel dredging was performed at 69 localities with Government plant and hired labor, removing 6,054,721 cubic yards of sand and gravel at a cost of $984,177, and pending adjustment $8,667. The channels dredged had a combined length of 34.35 miles, an average width of 307.1 feet, and an average gain in depth of 7.02 feet. Hydrographic (dredge) surveys were made covering 208 miles of river, costing $23,300. Aids to navigation were installed at a cost of $39,631. Other miscellaneous costs by hired labor were: gages, $19,000; commercial statistics, $6,000; cooperative stream gaging, $24,700; discharge observations, $2,400 and engineering planning, $1,000, all charged to maintenance. The cost of oper- ation and care of lock No. 27 was $85,956. The total cost of all maintenance, including operation and care, was $1,877,112. The total costs of all work for the fiscal year were $2,624,541, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in 1881, and the project has been in beneficial use practically from its inception. Work under the project (in- cluding the Chain of Rocks canal) is about 84 percent complete. The quantities required to complete the project are estimated at 125,440 linear feet of dikes, 129,705 linear feet of revetment, 280,000 cubic yards of rock removal, and minor items of work at Chain of Rocks. Dikes and revetments were in poor condition along some reaches of river due to critical damage inflicted by heavy ice flows during the winter of 1950-51 and by floods in spring and summer of 1951. The channel as a whole has been greatly improved by the work that has been completed to date. Dredging is required at low stages to remove temporary shoals and maintain the required channel depths. The project dimensions of channels have generally been main- tained throughout the navigation season. The navigation season formerly extended from the middle of February to the middle of December, the river being generally closed by ice the remainder of the year. However, in recent years increased demands of com- merce and the use of steel hull boats have combined to extend the navigation season throughout the year except when blocked by heavy running ice or gorges. The river is generally above the 10-foot stage, St. Louis gage, for 6 months of the year, latter part of February to latter part of August, during which time project channel depths generally prevail without dredging. The mean stage of the river, St. Louis gage, was 7.64 feet for the fiscal year 1953 and 4.56 feet for the fiscal year 1954. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 709 The costs and expenditures under the existing project to June 30, 1954 have been as follows: Public works Emergency Regular funds funds repair funds Total ___ New work--------------___ ---------------- $76, 574, 736 $3, 462, 154 $996, 748 $81, 033, 639 Maintenance .... 37, 579, 945--- .............----------------------------- ... 37, 579, 945 Operation and care .. ........-----------------------.... 266, 805 ----..------------------- 266,805 Total.......................------------------------------ 144, 421, 486 3, 462, 154 996, 748 118,880,389 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-_..... $9, 750, 000 $8, 830, 000 $5, 000, 000 $1, 143,000 -1 $83, 171, 142 Cost-----. -.-------- 11, 712, 827 8, 449, 126 2, 263, 874 4, 293, 137 $747, 429 82, 450, 259 Maintenance: Appropriated...-------- 975, 000 901, 800 1, 365, 200 1, 457, 950 1,994, 072 37, 965, 360 Cost----------.... ---- 897, 808 806, 920 1, 269, 562 1, 756, 766 1,877, 112 37, 846, 750 I Includes $1,416,620 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $87,083 for new work and $31,417 for maintenance were expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.......................... $29,222 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project..................................................................... 15, 958, 478 2. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ST. LOUIS DISTRICT) See report, "Mississippi River between the Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn.," page 742. 3. ILLINOIS WATERWAY, ILL. (ST. LOUIS DISTRICT) See report, "Illinois Waterway, Ill.," page 1130. 4.: INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Cuivre River, Mo.' 2.-.-.- 2. Kaskaskia River, Ill.2 3 - 1883 1896 $12, 000 10, 461 - ------------- Inactive. Completed, inactive. I River declared nonnavigable by act of Mar. 23, 1900. a No commerce reported. a By authority of the Chief of Engineers, dated Dec. 12, 1895, this work was dropped from the duties in charge of the St. Louis district (Annual Report, Chief of Engineers, 1896, p. 1761). 5. EAST CAPE GIRARDEAU AND CLEAR CREEK DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in the north end of Alexander County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 46 and 57 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands 710 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 between the river on the west and south, the old channel of Clear Creek on the north, and the Illinois Central Railroad on the east. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the entire levee system consisting of 10 miles of riverfront levee and 0.9 mile of back levee, all of which was previously constructed by the United States, and the construction of appurtenant works con- sisting of gravity drainage and closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, and altering railroads at one levee crossing. This project when completed will not in itself afford com- plete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Miller Pond, the North Alexander, the Clear Creek, and the Preston drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954), including $207,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee. repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $2,085,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurance of local cooperation approved by the county court of Alexander County, Ill., was approved by the Secretary of War on July 30, 1940. Local interests have provided evidence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for construction of work completed to interim grade and work now under construction to design grade. Local interests have informally indicated that they will be able to fulfill requirements of local cooperation for the remaining work features as required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $41,015 for preliminary engineering and design and $10,117 for other distributive costs. Work by contract consisted of levee con- struction $72,387, drainage facilities $15,025, and pending adjust- ment -$420. Total costs for the fiscal year were $138,964.47 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in July 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1941. Work under the project is about 67 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,394,- 048.29 for new work. Cost and financial surnmary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_____ _---------- $270, 000 $500, 000 $224, 000 ....... $1, 605, 047 Cost - $4, 081 47, 346 94, 020 605, 671 $138, 964 1, 394, 048 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954..........------------............. $120, 548 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project----------..-................................................---------------------...... 479,953 6. CAPE GIRARDEAU, MO. Location. This project is in Cape Girardeau County, Mo., on the right bank of Mississippi River between river miles 49 and 53. FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 711 The area to be protected includes the low lying lands along the river front of Cape Girardeau between the river and the bluffs. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a series of earth levees and concrete floodwalls including essential railroad and street alterations, necessary sewer alterations, construction of pumping plants, and drainage and closure structures. The project, when completed, will afford pro- tection to the low lying area of Cape Girardeau, Mo., against a flood of about 180-year frequency. The estimated total construc- tion cost, revised in 1954, is $8,010,000. The project was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 204, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation have been received from two local improvement districts organized and known as the Main Street levee improvement district and the North Main Street levee improvement district. Local interests have also furnished other data showing financial and legal ability to carry out their obligations and have agreed to contribute $255,000 toward construction cost of the work. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $51,873, of which $37,400 was for preparation of definite project report, and $14,473 for planning subsequent to definite project report. Condition at the end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project has not been started. It is anticipated that reach 2 of the project will be ready for beneficial use by June 1960. Total costs to June 30, 1954, were $178,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated___ __--------------- ........ - $100, 000 $40, 000 $50, 000 $190, 000 Cost-----------------..------------ 38, 242 87, 885 51, 873 178, 000 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.-........... $75, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project __ ... . - ........... ......... 7,745,000 7. NORTH ALEXANDER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILL. Location. This project is in the north end of Alexander County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 51 and 58 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the Clear Creek drainage and levee district on the north, the bluffs on the east and west, and the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district on the south and west. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the entire levee system consisting of 5.2 miles of levee, which was previously reconstructed by the United States, and the construc- tion of appurtenant works such as gravity drainage structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, provision of seepage 712 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 corrective measures, and altering the railroads at one levee crossing. The project when completed will not in itself afford complete pro- tection to this district; but in combination with and upon com- pletion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and in the Miller Pond, the Clear Creek, and the Preston drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954) is $1,130,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation approved by the county court of Alexander County, Ill., have been furnished and were approved by the Secretary of War on June 22, 1939. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for the construction of work completed to interim grade. Compliance with the requirements of local cooperation for the additional work required for completion of the project has not as yet been requested. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $81,625 of which $82 was for relocations, $20,716 for levee con- struction, $53,370 for engineering and design, $7,965 for miscel- laneous costs, and $508 for pending adjustments. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in July 1939, and the project was ready for beneficial use in September 1941. Work under the project is about 36 percent completed. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $405,806 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --- ....---------------- -------- ---------- $25, 000 $300, 000 $624, 483 Cost----------------- $355 $333 $835 25, 133 81, 625 405, 806 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954........................... .$33, 496 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----....--....... 505,000 8. CLEAR CREEK DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILL. Location. This project is in Union and Alexander Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 57 and 66 above the Ohio River. Except for some lowlands and islands along the river, the district includes practically all the bot- tom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Ware, Ill., on the north and McClure, Ill., on the south. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by reconstructing approximately 10.9 miles of riverfront levee and 10.1 miles of back levee and the construc- tion of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage struc- tures, seepage corrective measures and surfacing service roads on the levee crown. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 713 with and upon completion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and the North Alex- ander, the Miller Pond, and the Preston drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954) including $23,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $4,750,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act of June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Forms of assurances of local cooperation for the construction of the entire project were approved by the Secretary of War on July 6, 1940. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all construction work completed or under construction and have indicated that they will be able to fulfill local cooperation re- quirements for the remaining work features as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $32,815 for engineering and design, $3,390 for other distributive costs, and $94 for pending adjustments. Work by contract con- sisted of levee construction at a cost of $3,779. The total costs were $40,077.98 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in August 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in December 1941. Work under the project is about 58 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954 were $2,775,- 070.94 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated...... ----------------------------------------------------------- $2,680, 217 ...... Cost----------------.......... ... $54,020 $43,142 $14,298 $71,112 $40,078 071 2,775, Other new work data: $5,196 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954............--------------.. 200,000 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.............. Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ...-.. ..... ......... 1........ ... 1,869, 783 9. MILLER POND DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Union County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 65 and 69 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the Missouri Pacific Railroad on the west and the bluffs on the east, and extends from the Clear Creek drainage and levee district on the south to Wolf Lake, Ill., on the north. Existing project. This provides for the raising and enlarging of the entire levee system consisting of 2.8 miles of levee, which was previously constructed by the United States, and the construc- tion of service roads on the levee crown. The project when com- pleted will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work 714 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and in the North Alexander, the Preston, and the Clear Creek drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year fre- quency. The estimated total construction cost, reviewed in 1954, is $164,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Assurance of local cooperation approved by the county court of Union County, Ill., has been furnished, and was approved by the Secretary of War on July 3, 1940. Re- quirements of local cooperation for all work completed and under construction are fully complied with. Operation and results during fiscal year. Cost incurred was $24,882 of which $863 was for engineering and design; $2,141 for miscellaneous costs, and pending adjustments $3. Costs incurred by contract were $21,875 for levee construction. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in July 1940, and the project was ready for beneficial use in December 1941. Work under the existing project is about 94 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954 were $153,727. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - - $117, 700 . ... .. . . ...... $155, 952 Cost -- $2, 746 10, 816 $11, 123 $68,654 $24,882 153,727 Other new work data: Unobligated bialance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ................. -------------. $2,225 Estimated additional amount needed to be allotted for completion of existing project------...................................................---------------------- -----....-- 8,048 10. PRESTON DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Union County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 66 and 76 above the Ohio River. The district includes practically all the bottom lands between Mississippi River on the west, Big Muddy River on the north, the bluffs on the east and Clear Creek drainage and levee district on the south. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging 8.9 miles of riverfront levee and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, one highway closure structure, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, provision of seepage corrective measures, and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in com- bination with and upon completion of authorized work in the East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek drainage district, and the North Alexander, the Miller Pond, and the Clear Creek drainage and levee districts, protection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954) is FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 715 $2,450,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Forms of assurance of local cooperation, approved by the county court of Union County, Ill., were ap- proved by the Secretary of War on June 23, 1945. Local interests have fully complied with all requirements of local cooperation for that portion of the project completed or under construction; but have not yet complied with requirements for the additional features of work necessary for completion of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Cost incurred was $320,686, of which $4,687 was for engineering and design. Other distributive costs were $19,640 and $409 for pending adjustments. Contract costs were $295,812 for railroad relocations and $138 for levee construction. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in October 1945, and the project was ready for bene- ficial use in fall of 1947. Work under the existing project is about 73 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,783,789. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- $200, 000 -$150, 000 . . $1,713, 000 Cost----------------- 26, 356 40, 482 $2, 940 $37, 863 $320, 686 1, 783, 789 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954................ ...... $2, 597 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955................. 175,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project-................................................................................. 562, 000 11. GRAND TOWER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Jackson County, Ill., and Perry County, Mo., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 75 and 84 above the Ohio River. The project, as enlarged by the inclusion of part of Grand Tower Island, Mo., is bounded by the Mississippi River on the west, Big Muddy River on the south and east, Fountain Bluff on the northwest and the Degognia and Fountain Bluff levee and drainage district on the north. Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extending the existing levee system by construction of about 5.3 miles of riverfront levee, and 11.9 miles of back and flank levees along the Big Muddy River, together with appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure struc- tures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Degognia and Fountain Bluff levee and drainage district, protection will have been provided to this and the other district named, against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construc- 716 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 tion cost (1954) is $4,800,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Forms of assurances of local cooperation approved by the county( court of Jackson County, Ill., for recon- struction of the project to the grade revised in 1944 were ap- proved by the division engineer, Upper Mississippi Valley Division, on October 22, 1947. Local interests have provided evi- dence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all con- struction work completed or under construction, and have indicated that they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work features as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $63,593, for preliminary engineering and design; $77,432 for other distributive costs, and $44 for pending adjustments. Work by contract consisted of railroad relocations, $295,826; construction of levees, $606,306; and pumping plants and drainage facilities $108,336. The total costs were $1,151,537 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in October 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the spring of 1953. Work under the project is about 87 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1953, were $4,160,844 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated... $669, 700 000 $200, $800, 000 $716, 000 $217, 847 $3, 933,547 - Cost.------------- 477, 952 974, 783 226,468 1,189, 620 537 1,151, 4, 160, 844 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..-------............. $390, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- pletion of existing project--------.....................................................-------------------------.. 476, 453 12. DEGOGNIA AND FOUNTAIN BLUFF LEVEE AND DRAINAGE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Jackson County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 84 and 100 above the Ohio River. The district embraces practically all the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Cora, Ill., on the northwest and the Grand Tower drainage and levee district on the south. Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extending the existing levee system by reconstruction of 8.7 miles of riverfront levee, 0.9 mile of upper flank levee along Degognia Creek, construction of 4.6 miles of new riverfront levee and 4.2 miles of new back levee along the Big Muddy River, and the con- struction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service road on the levee crown and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protec- tion to this district; but in combination with and upon completion FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 717 of authorized work in the Grand Tower drainage and levee district, protection will have been provided to this and the other district named, against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The esti- mated total construction cost (1954) is $6,080,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation approved by the county court of Jackson County, Ill.; were approved by the Secretary of War September 7, 1944. Local interests have pro- vided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for the construction of work completed or under construction and have indicated the requirements of local cooperation for the remaining features of work will be fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $77,275 for engineering and design; $20,657 for miscellaneous costs; and $-1.150 for pending adjustments. Work by contract cost $100,173 for levee construction. The total costs were $196,- 954.65. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in September 1945, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 67 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $4,094,530.54 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated.. ----------------------------------------------- . $570, 000 $4, 461, 000 Cost................. -------------- 142, 227 $225, 630 $119, 043 $48, 617 196,955 4,094, 531 Other new work data: $103, 158 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--....................... 550, 000 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............ Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project................................................. 1, 069,000 13. PERRY COUNTY DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICTS NOS. 1,2, AND 3, MISSOURI Location. This project is in Perry County, Mo., and Randolph County, Ill., on the right bank of Mississippi River between river miles 94 and 111 above the Ohio River. The project, as enlarged by inclusion of Crain and Puckett Islands, includes that portion of the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Red Rock Landing, Mo., and Kaskaskia Island. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by reconstruction of 7.7 miles of riverfront levee, 14.1 miles of back levee, and 4.0 miles of upper flank levee; construction of 7.3 miles of new riverfront levee; and the construc- tion of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage struc- tures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will afford protection to the district against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total 718 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 construction cost (1954), including $41,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repairs, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $8,140,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation for the project were approved by the Secretary of War as follows: District No. 1, December 30, 1936; district No. 2, March 16, 1937; district No. 3, September 29, 1936. Requirements of local cooperation for all work completed and under construction are fully complied with. Local interests have informally indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work as required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $108,142 for engineering and design; $81,255 for miscellaneous costs; $5,947 for material on hand; and $-164 for pending ad- justments. Levee construction by contract cost $581,199. The total costs were $776,379.02 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in December 1937 and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1946. Work under the existing project is about 45 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $3,693,522.51 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: -------- Appropriated .... $744, 100 $300, 000 $1, 000, 000 $796, 000 .. $3, 745, 375 Cost----------------.........233, 150 460, 737 423, 497 1, 156, 333 $776, 379 3, 693, 523 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---------....... --............ $20,295 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955........... ------- 265,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project------..........................----------------- 4, 129, 625 14. PRAIRIE DU ROCHER AND VICINITY, ILL. Location. This project is in Randolph County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 118 and 130 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom land between the river and the bluffs, and extends from the present channel of Prairie du Rocher Creek on the north to the Kaskaskia River on the south. Existing project. This provides for reconstructing about 2.4 miles of upper flank levee, constructing 0.5 miles of new upper flank levee, 10.4 miles of new riverfront levee, and 2.8 miles of new lower flank levee, and constructing appurtenant works, consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway and railroad closure struc- tures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroads at a levee crossing. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 50-year frequency, The estimated total construction cost (1954) is $3,932,000. The proj- FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 719 ect was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946 (H. Doc. 222, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation, Forms of assurances of local cooperation approved by the county court of Randolph County, Ill., for the construction of the entire project have been received from the Prairie du Rocher and Modoc levee and drainage district and from the Edgar Lakes drainage and levee district. The assur- ances were approved by the division engineer, Upper Mississippi Valley Division, on November 6, 1947. Local interests have pro- vided evidence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under construction and have indicated that they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the re- maining work features as required. Operation and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $14,693 for engineering and design; $59,953 for miscellaneous costs; $-14,069 for credit to stores account; and $-3,961 for pending adjustments. Work by contract consisted of $11,092 for drainage facilities; $399,525 for levee construction; and $-137 reimbursed by the Missouri Pacific Railroad on relocations. The total costs were $467,095.69 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in August 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in April 1951. Work under the project is about 93 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $3,- 653,630.96 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .. _- _ $700, 000 $100, 000 $900, 000 $653, 000 __-,_-- _- $3, 804, 000 Cost - - 1, 039, 929 542, 636 158, 473 1 1, 098, 981 $467, 096 3, 653, 631 1 Includes the amount of $13,697.09 which was omitted from costs in 1953 annual report. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---.....------....-........ . $4, 387 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project . - -- .... .. ....- .......-------------.. -......-... .... 103, 000 15. STRINGTOWN-FORT CHARTRES AND IVY LANDING, ILL. Location. This project is in Monroe and Randolph Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 130 and 137 above the Ohio River. The project includes all of the Stringtown district and the downstream portion of the Fort Char- tres and Ivy Landing district and includes the bottom lands be- tween the river and the bluffs and extends from Prairie du Rocher Creek on the south to the north boundary of the Stringtown dis- trict. Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extending the existing levee system by reconstruction of 4.7 miles of existing riverfront levee, construction of 2.6 miles of new river- front levee, reconstruction of 2.3 miles of existing lower flank 720 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 levee, construction of 0.4 mile of new lower flank levee, and appur- tenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, one high- way closure structure, surfacing of service. roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroads at one levee crossing. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drainage district and the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district, pro- tection will have been provided to this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954) is $2,225,000. The project was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $7,438 for engineering and design, $14,319 for miscellaneous costs; $-11,081 for credit to stores account; and $328 for pending ad- justments. Contract costs consisted of $138,489 for levee con- struction, and $-497 reimbursed by the Missouri Pacific Railroad for relocations. The total costs were $148,995.84 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in January 1948, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 93 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $2,071,919.69 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated..._ -$75, 000 . $400, 000 ._.------.. $2, 163, 997 Cost.. - - - 151, 475 $79, 374 $65, 109 328, 293 $148, 996 2, 071, 920 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.............................. $81,266 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project................................... . . . _. __....-........... .... .. 61, 003 16. FORT CHARTRES AND IVY LANDING DRAINAGE DISTRICT NO. 5, ILL. Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 137 and 141 above the Ohio River. The district includes that portion of the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs, the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and the levee district No. 2 on the north and the north boundary of the Stringtown district on the south. Existing project. This provides for the construction of about 3 miles of riverfront levee and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, seepage corrective meas- ures and surfacing of service roads on the levee crown. The project does not in itself afford complete protection to this dis- trict; but in combination with and upon completion of authorized work in the Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district and the Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing dis- FLOOD CONTROL--ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 721 trict, protection will have been provided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954) is $1,240,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $5,888 for engineering and design; $16,644 for miscellaneous items, and $680 for pending adjustments. Construction of levees by con- tract cost $96,833. The total costs were $120,044.62 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in August 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 85 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,- 053,793.67 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated- . .... . ....- 5 ..... " $249,900 $47, 200 $1, 097, 185 Cost .............---------------- $21,501 $2 325 $426 139, 339 120, 045 1,053, 794 Other new work data: --.. $41, 893 Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954......----------........ Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project __--......................... --- -. 142,815 17. HARRISONVILLE AND IVY LANDING DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT NO. 2, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 141 and 156 above the Ohio River. The district is bounded by Fountain Creek and the Mississippi River on the north and west, on the east by the bluffs and by Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district No. 5 on the south. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 9.8 miles of riverfront levee, 5.4 miles of flank levee, the construction of 6.2 miles of new levee, and the construction of appurtenant works con- sisting of gravity drainage structures, Fountain Creek diversion channel, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit and seepage corrective measures and altering railroad at one levee crossing. The project, when completed, will not in itself afford complete protection to this district; but upon completion of authorized work in the Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing drain- age and levee district and the Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing district, protection will have been provided this and the other districts named against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954) is $4,500,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $16,733 for engineering and design; $43,294 for miscellaneous 722 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 items; $-2,516 for credit to stores and account; and $-768 for pending adjustments. Levee work by contract cost $387,540. The total costs were $444,282.91 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in May 1946, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the existing project is about 93 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $4,199,734.27 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- $17, 500 --- $429, 947 $4,349,947 Cost---------------- 245, 273 $30, 355 $3, 700 $388, 044 444, 283 4, 199, 734 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project..........................................--------------------------........................------.. $150, 053 18. COLUMBIA DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT NO. 3, ILLINOIS Location. This project is in Monroe County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 157 and 166.5 above the Ohio River. The district embraces most of the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and between Fountain Creek on the south and Columbia Creek on the north. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 10.4 miles of riverfront levee and 9.7 miles of flank levee, and the construction of appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, sur- facing of service roads on the levee crown, seepage corrective measures and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 50-year frequency. The estimated total construc- tion cost (1954), including $45,000 of 1936 funds used for temporary levee repair, resulting from the 1943 flood, is $2,917,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work com- pleted or under construction and have indicated that they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work as required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $22,011 for engineering and design; $32,734 for miscellaneous items; and $28 for pending adjustments. Work by contract con- sisted of levee construction at a cost of $203,264 and drainage structure at a cost of $11,466. The total costs were $269,502.94 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in June 1938, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1941. Work under the project is about 88 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $2,- 553,699.92 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 723 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- $372, 100 --- $400, 000 $299, 000$2, 777, 000 Cost-_-. 484,333 $408, 160 78,495 492, 687 $269, 503 2, 553, 700 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954----------....---.......---.........--. -- 97, 761 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project------................----------....-------------------............................................. 140,000 19. WILSON AND WENKEL AND PRAIRIE DU PONT DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICTS, ILL. Location. This project is in Monroe and St. Clair Counties, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 168 and 175 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and extends from the approach to the Jefferson Barracks bridge north to Prairie du Pont Creek. The district is now known as the Prairie du Pont drainage and levee district. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 3.7 miles of riverfront levee and 3.6 miles of upper flank levee; construction of 3.6 miles of new lower flank levee; and the construction of appur- tenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway closure structures, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, borrow pit corrective measures and altering railroads at levee crossings. The project, when completed, will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954) is $4,190,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work com- pleted or under construction, and have indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining works as required. Recommended modifications of project. The Chief of Engi- neers, by letter dated March 22, 1954, recommended, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation, modification of the existing project for the Wilson and Wenkel and Prairie du Pont drainage and levee district, Illinois, to eliminate the lower flank levee and to substitute therefor a riverfront levee and a lower flank levee along Columbia Creek to provide flood protection for Fish Lake drain- age and levee district No. 8, Illinois. The Federal cost (1954) is $480,000. The non-Federal cost for meeting the stipulated condi- tions of local cooperation is $143,100. (H. Doc, No. 396, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $49,292 for engineering and design; $10,864 for miscellaneous items; $5,618 for stores account; and $462 for pending adjust- ments. Work by contract consisted of levee construction at a cost 724 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of $71,337; and railroad relocations at a cost of $68. The total costs were $137,640.52 for new work. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in November 1935, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1950. Work under the project is about 38 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,581,678.56 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _ $ ___$43,.903 . - ..... $280, 000 $1, 857, 097 Cost- . _ $76,352 193,106 $69, 689 $91, 461 137, 641 1,581, 679 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.. $187,462 ...------------... - Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ---............ 2,332,903 20. EAST ST. LOUIS AND VICINITY, ILL. Location. This project is in St. Clair and Madison Counties, Ill., on left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 175 and 195 above the Ohio River. The project includes all the bottom lands between the bluffs on the east and Mississippi River and Chain of Rocks canal on the west, and extends from Cahokia diver- sion channel on the north to Prairie du Pont Creek on the south. Existing project. This provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system by the reconstruction of about 9.0 miles of riverfront levee, 4.9 miles of upper flank levee, 7 miles of the lower flank levee, construction of 0.9 mile of new riverfront levee, and 0.4 mile of riverfront floodwall, together with the necessary appur- tenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, closure structures at highway crossings, alterations and reconstruction of existing pumping plants, surfacing of service roads on the levee crown, seepage corrective measures, and making necessary altera- tions to railroad tracks and bridges at levee crossings. Approxi- mately 10 miles of the project riverfront levee need not be constructed as protection will be provided along this reach by the levee constructed as part of the Chain of Rocks canal. The project, when completed, will afford protection to the area against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total con- struction cost (1954) is $12,900,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation for the entire project were approved by the Secretary of War on March 24, 1937. Local interests have provided evidence of acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under construction and have indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work as required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $147,698 for engineering and design; $64,973 for miscellaneous FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 725 items; $23,899 for stores account; and $3,185 for pending adjust- ments. Work by contract consisted of railroad relocations at a cost of $68; levee construction at a cost of $548,320; floodwall con- struction at a cost of $30,244; and pumping plants and drainage facilities at a cost of $73,339. The total costs were $891,725.65 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in November 1937, and project was partially ready for beneficial use in fall of 1942; also the locally constructed levee has never been overtopped. Work under the existing project is about 40 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $5,217,935.85 from regular funds, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951. 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated...-----..---. $520, 900 $200, 000 $1, 500, 000 $1, 294, 000 $100, 000 $5, 869, 200 Cost.......----------------......... 657, 306 1,181, 247 411, 921 1,261,519 891, 726 5, 217, 936 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954....----.....------.. .. . $401, 679 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 301 1955................ 650,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- --------------- 6,380,800 pletion of existing project..---------....------............................................ 21. CHOUTEAU, NAMEOKI, AND VENICE DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. This project, in Madison County, Ill., lies on, but not adjacent to, the left bank of the Mississippi River between river miles 188 and 195 above Ohio River, and is bounded on the north by Cahokia diversion channel, on the east by East Side levee and sani- tary district, and on the west by the east levee of the Chain of Rocks canal, running to a point on the south. Existing project. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, and provides for raising and enlarging the existing levee system. However, the project was modified by the Chain of Rocks canal, authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. As the major portion of the district lies east of the Chain of Rocks canal, it will be protected by the canal and the East St. Louis, Ill., levees. It is proposed to reconstruct or relocate, adjacent to the Chain of Rocks canal levee, the existing pumping plant of this district under authority con- tained in the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936. The current estimated construction cost approved in 1951 is $190,000. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation approved by the county court of Madison County, Ill., have been furnished and were approved by the Chief of Engineers on June 23, 1950. Operations and results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $141 for engineering and design, $26 for miscellaneous items, and $138 for hired labor work on pumping plant. The toal costs were $304.64 for new work. 726 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the existing project was initiated in June 1950, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1951. Work under the existing project is 100 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $185,440.01 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .-.... - $30, 000 $30, 000 - -$4,300 $185, 700 Cost _______ _______ 9, 669 146, 716 $1, 089 $1, 518 305 185, 440 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954...... $260 22. WOOD RIVER DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS Location. The project lies in Madison County, Ill., on the left bank of Mississippi River between river miles 195 and 203 above the Ohio River. The district includes the bottom lands between the river and the bluffs and extends from the Cahokia diversion chan- nel on the south to opposite lock and dam No. 26 at Alton, Ill., on the north. The small industrial cities of Hartford, Wood River, Roxana, and East Alton and part of the Alton riverfront, lie within the district. Existing project. This provides for raising, enlarging, and extending the existing levee system; and includes the reconstruc- tion of 5.4 miles of existing flank levee along Wood River, 2.6 miles of existing lower flank levee along Cahokia diversion channel, and 0.6 mile of existing lower flank levee along Indian Creek; construc- tion of 2 miles of new flank levee along Wood River; 8.1 miles of new riverfront levees along the Mississippi River; and 1.4 miles of new lower flank along the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad; together with the necessary appurtenant works consisting of gravity drainage structures, highway and railroad closure structures, alterations to existing or construction of new pumping plants, surfacing of service road on the levee crown, mak- ing necessary alterations to railroad tracks and bridges at levee crossing, seepage corrective measures and construction of a low- water dam at the mouth of Wood River. The project when com- pleted will afford protection to this district against a flood of about 200-year frequency. The estimated total construction cost (1954) is $13,100,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Local interests have provided evidence of the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way for all work completed or under construction and have indicated they will be able to fulfill local cooperation requirements for the remaining work as required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Costs incurred were $136,996 for engineering and design; $88,271 for miscellaneous items; and $13 for pending adjustments. Work by contract con- sisted of levee construction at a cost of $559,094; and pumping FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 727 plants and drainage facilities at a cost of $339,040. The total costs were $1,123,413.76 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the existing project in July 1947, and the project was ready for beneficial use in the fall of 1952. Work under the project is about 51 percent complete. The total Federal costs to June 30, 1954, were $7,778,927.61 for new work. In addition, $23,000 have been ex- pended from contributed funds. Total costs to June 30, 1954, were $7,801,927.61. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ....... $425, 000 $280, 000 $915, 000 $844, 000 $500, 000 $7, 745, 000 Cost 1, 294,-642 1, 782,119 461, 175 1, 391, 842 1, 123, 414 7, 778, 928 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--------........-.. --.. ... $41,053 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955..------.......... 345, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ........................ ----------............. 5, 010, 000 23. CARLYLE RESERVOIR, UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ILLINOIS Location. The Carlyle Reservoir will be located on the Kas- kaskia River, Ill., extending from about mile 107 to mile 148 above the mouth of that river, which enters the Mississippi River at mile 118 above the mouth of Ohio River. The dam will be located at mile 107, about one mile upstream from the town of Carlyle, and the proposed reservoir will extend northeastward through Clinton, Marion, and Fayette Counties, Ill. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a compacted earth-fill dam across the main valley floor, and a reinforced concrete spillway with tainter gates and sluices. The crest of the dam will be at elevation 474, approxi- mately 55 feet above the valley floor. The total length of the structure including the spillway section will be about 6,535 feet. The spillway structure will consist of an ogee overflow section sur- mounted by seven 40-foot by 30-foot tainter gates. The outlet works for controlling discharge under normal operating conditions will consist of four rectangular 8-foot by 10-foot sluices located in the nonoverflow section of the spillway. Because of the topography near the dam it will be necessary to construct three earth-fill sad- dle dams, one north and two east of Carlyle, in order to contain the maximum pool level proposed for the reservoir. Total length of these embankments will be about 35,650 feet. The maximum res- ervoir area will be 57,500 acres. The total storage capacity is 983,- 000 acre-feet, of which 700,000 acre-feet will be for flood control, 233,000 acre-feet for water supply, pollution abatement, fish and wildlife, and recreational use, and 50,000 acre-feet for sediment retention. Total drainage area above the dam site is 2,680 square miles. The storage of flood waters in the reservoir will provide 728 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 substantial flood control benefits to about 42,000 acres of land on Kaskaskia River outside levee districts below the dam, in addition to providing navigation and flood control benefits on the middle and lower Mississippi Rivers, and recreation, pollution abatement, wa- ter supply and fish and wildlife benefits on the Kaskaskia River. The Carlyle Reservoir was made eligible for selection as a unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the upper Mississippi River Basin under the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The latest estimate of the cost of the project (revised in 1954) is $32,500,000 of which $26,980,000 is for construction and $5,520,000 is for lands and damages. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done. Plan- ning will be initiated in fiscal year 1955. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955............ $50, 000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-.-....... ... --.--.... 32, 450, 000 24. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ST. LOUIS DISTRICT Location. The Mississippi River Basin above the Ohio River, exclusive of the Missouri River Basin, in the St. Louis district. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the upper Mississippi River Basin described in the Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st ses- sion, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized $6,600,000 for reservoirs and $2,700,000 for local flood-protection works on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers; the reservoirs and local protection projects to be selected and ap- proved by the Chief of Engineers. The act specifically provides that the authorization shall include the enlargement and extension of a system of levees located on the south side of the Sangamon River east of Chandlerville, Ill., as set forth in House Document No. 604, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the additional sum of $10 million for prosecution of the comprehensive plan, in- cluding the Red Rock Reservoir on the Des Moines River. The Flood Control Act of July 24, 1946, authorized an additional ap- propriation of $10 million for prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, authorizes an addi- tional appropriation of $15 million for the prosecution of the com- prehensive plan. The following individual projects located in the St. Louis district were considered in the comprehensive plan. FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 729 Reservoirs ~_ ___ 4 Total Name Tributary basin State estimated cost 1 I---- I - 1- Merameo ...---........ Meramec..- . Missouri-.. $25, 100, 000 Union.., .............. do . -... . .. . . .do..__. -.... 16, 200, 000 -... Cedar Hill- -- ...... - l----do------ 21, 400, 000 Carlyle 2............... Kaskaskia. Illinois... 32, 500, 000 Joanna ...... - ........ Salt....... ...... Missouri_. 33, 700, 000 e SEstimate revised in 1954. 2 See individual report for details of project. Estimated construction costs of levee Mississippi River: Wood River levee project, Illinois 1 2............................... ---.-...---------------. $13, 100, 000 Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing, 11l.1 2_ . 2,225,000 Kaskaskia Island levee project, Illinois 2.............. 3,050,000 Grand Tower levee project, Illinois 1 2.......................... 4, 800,000 Miller Pond levee project, Illinois 1 2............................. 164,000 Illinois River: Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek levee, Illinois S 249,738 Kaskaskia River, Ill.: Levees between New Athens and Carlyle, Ill2.............. 7, 700,000 ' See individual report for details of project. 2 Estimate revised in 1954. 3 Complete. Operationsand results during fiscal year. There were no costs for general studies on the development of the comprehensive basin plan. Condition at end of fiscal year. The progress of work on levee projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. The total costs and expenditures for general studies for the development of the comprehensive basin plan to June 30, 1954, were $823,643.51 from regular funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 j 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _$100, 000 -$28, 585 -$4, 272 -- .. . ......... $823, 644 Cost .----- 82, 757 43, 798 4, 222 ------------------------- 823, 644 ~ . 1 730 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 25. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to 1 report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Cache River diversion, Ill___---...-.-.. --. 1953 $2, 837, 114 (2- 2. Emergency bank protection for certain high- 1950 50, 000 way and railroad facilities at Price Land- ing, Mo. (Sec. 12, Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944) 3. Emergency repairs to levees on Mississippi, 1953 . 1,033, 279 () Illinois and Kaskaskia Rivers, and flood fighting and rescue work (Sec. 5, Flood Control Act of Aug. 18, 1941, as amended) 4. Emergency protection for certain highway 1952 50, 000 (2) and railroad facilities at Chester, Ill. Bridge (Sec. 12, Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944). 5. Emergency protection for Illinois approach, 1946 25, 000 () Chain of Rocks Bridge (Sec. 12, Flood Con- trol Act of Dec. 22, -1944). 6. Kaskaskia Island drainage and levee district, 1949 296, 521 I--........---- - 1 $2, 753,500 Ill. 7. McGee Creek levee and drainage district, 1940 597,000 Illinois River, Ill.5 8. Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek drainage 1944 249, 738 (2) 6 - -- Ill. and levee districts, Illinois River, - 9. Riverland drainage district, Mo. ....... 1938 288, 000 10. Ste. Genevieve levee district No. 1, Mo.4_..._ 1949 1, 720, 000 11. St. Louis County 7 drainage and levee dis- 1938 695, 000 trict, Mo. 12. Wiedmer Chemicals 8 drainage and levee dis- 1938 511,000 trict, Mo. 1 Revised in 1954. 2 Completed. $ Work complete pending another flood. 4 Work deferred pending a review of H. Doc. 669, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which may modify the project recommended in H. Doec. 727, 77th Cong., 2d sess., authorized by the Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, 1944. 6 Work deferred pending decision regarding alterations to Wabash R. R. bridge at Meredosia, Ill. 6 Low-lying lands in this district acquired under authority of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 26, 1937; protection for remaining lands in the district deferred pending further study. 7 May be modified due to selection of this area by city of St. Louis for a second major airport, which would require greater protection than previously contemplated. SAction deferred pending further study. 26. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs and expenditures of all general investigations during the fiscal year were $61,086. There were no accounts receivable nor unexpended balances at the end of the fiscal year. The anticipated allotment of $51,920 will be applied to collection and study of basic data and to advancement or com- pletion of work on the following reports: Illinois River and Kas- kaskia River, Ill., Ste. Genevieve-St. Marys, Crystal City-Festus, and Mississippi River, Missouri River to Minneapolis, Minn. (Agri- cultural Areas). Cost of examinations and surveys for fiscal year was $56,586. Collection and study of basic data. During the fiscal year work was performed on the comprehensive stream gaging program, sedimentation studies, flood investigations, and revision of the flood emergency manual. Collection and study of basic data cost $4500 during the fiscal year. FLOOD CONTROL-ST. LOUIS, MO., DISTRICT 731 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORKS FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS During the fiscal year costs and expenditures incurred for in- spection of local protection projects were $12,134.48. The total costs and expenditures to June 30, 1954, were $24,350.00. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 ing fiscal years 30, 1954, includ- prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated 250- ....... $____8, . $4, 000 $12, 100 $24, 350 ...---- Cost..... -______ . __ 8, 250 ...... 3, 966 12, 134 24, 350 28. FLOOD CONTROL- WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control. (Section 18 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) During the fiscal year costs of $13,350 under this authorization were incurred at Indian Creek and Macoupin Creek, Ill. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $167,727.53. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--... ... $30, 000 -$7, 912 ........... $23, 700 $6, 000 $167, 788 Cost-------- 72, 599 34, 573 ..........----------- 16, 290 13, 350 167, 728 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30; 1954..__...-...............-............ $60 Flood Control Emergenices--Repair and Flood Fighting and Rescue Work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and previous authorizations.) Pursuant to these authorizations, a total of $13,546,553.92 has been allotted to the St. Louis district to June 30, 1954, for emer- gency flood control work, exclusive of $55,415.37 contributed funds. Emergency flood control work along the Mississippi and Kas- kaskia Rivers was completed during the fiscal year 1954 at a cost of $48,592.74. The total costs and expenditures to June 30, 1954, were $13,546,553.92. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated .--------..... $625, 602 -$5, 560 $1, 020, 000 $395, 800 $2, 390 $13, 546, 554 Cost_----------------- 783, 468 105, 513 1, 024, 178 377, 406 48, 593 13, 546, 554 732 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 29. MISCELLANEOUS INVESTIGATIONS During the fiscal year costs incurred for miscellaneous investi- gations were $10,181.00. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $68,704. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated..... $7, 890 $6, 973 $5, 414 $3, 000 $10, 181 $68, 704 Cost-........-....-.. 7, 890 6, 973 5, 414 3, 000 10, 181 68, 704 30. REGULATION, OTHER REGULATORY FUNCTIONS During the fiscal year costs incurred were $6,922 for permits; $503 for examination and inspection of bridges; $4,362 for inves- tigations of wrecks; and $913 for pending adjustments. The total costs for the fiscal year were $12,700.00. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,004,523.45. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: ------- Appropriated...... $45, 476 $13, 641 $15, 033 - $12, 700 $1, 004, 523 Cost__ __- - 45, 476 13,641 15, 033 _ _. _ 12, 700 1, 004, 523 MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. The section of the river covered in this report is divided into three reaches, under the supervision and direction of district engi- neers at St. Louis, Mo., Rock Island, Ill., and St. Paul, Minn. The section in the St. Louis district extends from the mouth of the Missouri River to mile 300 above the Ohio River, a distance of about 105 miles; the Rock Island district extends from mile 300 to mile 614, a distance of about 314 miles; and the St. Paul district extends from mile 614 to the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway bridge, Minneapolis, a distance of about 244 miles. Location. The Mississippi River rises in the nothern part of Minnesota, flows about 2,350 miles in a southerly direction, and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. The portion included in this re- port extends from the mouth of the Missouri River to the Minne- apolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway bridge, Minneapolis, a distance of about 663 miles. The latest map and profile showing this section of the river is published in House Document 669, 76th Congress, 3d session. A map showing Lake Pepin is published in House Document 511, 79th Congress, 2d session. A map of the section Minneapolis to Du- buque is published in House Document 515, 79th Congress, 2d ses- sion. A map showing location of drainage districts (Bellevue, Iowa, to Missouri River) is published in Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Document No. 34, 75th Congress, 1st session. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872; June 18, 1878; August 18, 1894; February 9, 1905; March 3, 1905; March 2, 1907; June 25, 1910; September 22, 1922; March 3, 1925; January 21, 1927; and July 3, 1930. For further details, see pages 1879, 1880, and 1887 of the Annual Report for 1915; pages 1106, 1107, and 1108 of the Annual Report for 1932; and pages 1047 of the Annual Report for 1938. 733 Depth on Location Lock dimensions miter sill Character of foundation - - I- -I ---- ;--- --------------- Percent Estimated upper com- Year cost of Great- nor- preted opened each lock Width est mal locks, to and dam, Miles of length pool dams, naviga- including above Distance from cham- avail- Lift eleva- Upper Lower Lock Dam and tion work in Ohio nearest town ber able (feet) tion 1 (feet) (feet) work pool River (feet) for full in pool width O (feet) I I I t i i - - O St. Anthony Falls, 853.9 In city of Minneapolis, 56 400 49. 2 799. 2 15. 7 13. 7 Some limestone, Limestone _--_.. (2) S$18,353,900 upper lock. Minn. mainly sand- H stone. No piles. St. Anthony Falls, 853. 3 ....do.- - - - - - 56 400 526.9 750. 0 13.7 5 10. 3 Sandstone. No Sandstone.------- 50 4 11, 548, 300 lower lock and dam. piles. 56 400 535.9 725. 1 S13.5 10. 1 Rock and piles in © Lock and dam 1....___ 847. 6 Minneapolis-St. Paul- _ 56 400 35.9 S12.5 7.6 Piles in gravel..... 100 1917 62,328,800 gravel. Lock and dam 2______ S1.3 milesabove Hastings, 110 500 12. 2 16.0 15. 1 Piles in sand, silt, Piles in sand, silt, 100 1930 O 815. 2 Minn. 110 8600 12. 2 687. 2 22.2 13.0 clay. and clay. 99 1948 } 6, 550,400 ©R Lock and dam 3_______ 796. 9 6.1 miles above Red 110 600 8.0 675. 0 17. 0 14. 0 do .------------- Piles in sand--.... -.... 91 1938 6, 174, 600 Wing, Minn. Lock and dam 4 _____- 752. 8 Alma, Wis_ ... _ 110 600 7.0 667. 0 17. O0 13.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 91 1935 5, 284, 100 z gravel. gravel. i,,,- Lock and dam 5_ _____ 738. 1 Minneiska, Minn _... 110 600 9.0 660.0 18. 0 12. 0 .....do ...... Piles in sand-..... 92 Lock and dam 5A --- 728. 5 3 miles above Winona, 110 600 5.5 651.0 18. 0 12. 5 Piles in sand ...-. .....do-.......... 78 1935 1936 5, 560, 400 5, 883, 400 z Minn. Lock and dam 6..____ 714. 3 Trempealeau, Wis .-... 110 600 6. 5 645. 5 17. 0 12. 5 Piles in sand, Piles in sand and 100 1936 4, 893, 900 ©C gravel, and silt. clay. Lock and dam 7_...___ 702. 5 Dresbach, Minn .--.. 110 600 8.0 639.0 18. 0 12. 0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand-_- 92 1937 6, 087, 300 gravel. Lock and dam 8.._____ 679. 2 Genoa, Wis _...._._... 110 600 11.0 631. 0 22.0 14. 0 Piles in sand, Piles in sand and 91 1937 6, 649, 100 ACr gravel, and gravel. i-,, broken rock. CA Lock and dam 9.._____ 647. 9 3.3 miles below Lynx- 110 600 9.0 620. 0 16. 0 13. 0 Piles in sand--- Piles in sand ..-- 91i 1938 7, 212, 000 ville, Wis. Lock and dam 10 _____ 615. 1 Guttenberg, Iowa, 110 600 8.0 611.0 15. 0 12. 0 ..... do---------- do-........- 89 1936 5, 370,000 Lock and dam 11 ..... 583. 0 3.7 miles above Dubuque, 110 600 11. 0 603.0 18. 5 12. 5 Piles in sand, ..... do-........... 99 1937 7, 387, 200 Iowa. gravel, and silt. Lock and dam 12 -----556. 7 Bellevue, Iowa .. ...... 110 600 9.0 592. 0 17. 0 13. 0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 99 1938 5, 509, 100 gravel. gravel. Lock and dam 13 ..... 522. 5 4.3 miles above Clinton, 110 600 ILO 583.0 19.0 13. 0 Piles in sand, clay, ..... do -.......... 99 1938 7, 889, 700 Iowa. and gravel. Lock and dam 14______ 493. 3 3.7milesbelow Le Claire, 110 600 11.0 572. 0 20. 5 13. 5 Rock ......-.... Rock........... 98 1939 5,873, 600 Iowa. Le Claire Lock (Canal) 493. 1 3.9milesbelowLe Claire, 80 320 11.0 17. 6 10.9 -..... do---------I................ 100 1922 Iowa. Lock and dam 15...... 482. 9 Foot of Arsenal Island, 110 600 16. 0 561. 0 1124.0 11.0 Rock Island, Ill. 110 360 16. 0 11 17. 0 11.0 }---do----__,---------_ R ock......... .. 95 1934 9, 055, 100 Lock and dam 16....__ 457. 2 1.8 miles above Musca- 110 600 9.0 545.0 17.0 12. 0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 99 1937 6, 779, 300 tine, Iowa. gravel. gravel. Lock and dam 17-..... 437. 1 4.2 miles above New 110 600 8.0 536.0O 16. 0 13.0 do............ ..... Piles in sand...... 95 1939 6, 742, 800 Boston, Ill. Lock and dam 18... 410. 5 6.5 miles above Burling- 110 600 9.8 528.0 16. 5 13. 7 Piles in sand-... Piles in sand and 90 1937 8, 133,900- ton, Iowa. gravel. 358 an Lock and dam 19_____ 364. 2 Keokuk, Iowa ..... . 110 110 1,200 38.2 518.2 14. 0 9.2 Rock.............. Rock....---------- 1100l 1913 12 15, 175, 000 Lock and dam 20__ 343.2 0.9 mile above Canton, 110 600 10. 0 480. 0 15.0 12. 0 ..... 12.0 do............. Rock and piles in 97 1936 6, 391, 500 Mo. sand and gravel. Lock and dam 21.. .. 324. 9 2.1 miles below Quincy, 110 600 10. 5 470. 0 16. 5 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 96 1938 6, 479, 100 Ill. gravel. gravel. Wh to Lock and dam 22 _... 301. 2 1.5 miles below Saver- 110 600 10.2 459. 5 18. 0 13.8 Rock..__-.... . Rock ......----------. 99 1938 5, 217, 800 ton, Mo. Lock and dam 24-..... 273. 4 Clarksville, Mo..___.... 110 600 15. 0 449. 0 19.0 12. 0 Rock; piles in sand. Piles in sand...... 92 1940 7, 067, 000 Lock and dam 25-...... 241. 4 Cap Au Gris, Mo_ _.... 110 600 15. 0 434. 0 19.0 12. 0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 93 1939 9, 069, 200 M gravel. gravel. Lock and dam 26 110 600 s 22.0 419.0 1132. 0 1412. 0 (Henry T. Rainey 202.9 Alton, Ill. - 110 360 22.0 ....... 16.0 1412. 0 Piles in sand --.. Piles in sand .-... 84 1938 15, 272, 900 - Dam). Total locks and J- -1-1- -i 1- 213, 939, 400 dams. ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT Facilities for public use, convenience, and safety----- ........... ...................................................... ............................. 400 $980, 400---------------------------- Miscellaneous harbor improvements..........................................................................................................--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5 00 1, 892,300..................................... Rectification of damages caused by seepage and backwater--------------....----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 5, 356, 600 l 0 Regulating work between lock and dam 26 (Henry T. Rainey Dam) and the Missouri River (actual cost) .............. ..... ................ ... 545, 000 .....------------------------------------------------ 0 Miscellaneous................----------........... .. ..............................................----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 488 300................ 488, 300 ----------- Total additional features....... - -.---- ----------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------- 9,, 262, 600 Total existing project- - . - ---....... ..--------- ... _-.............--- - ----.. _ ....-- 16 223, 202, 000 r 1 Elevations of pools 1 to 22 and at St. Anthony Falls are mean sea level 1912 adjust- 1 Depth over upper poiree sill. Depth over upper miter sills is 27 feet at locks 15; and ment; pools 24, 25, 26 are mean sea level 1929 adjustment. 34 feet at main lock 26. 2 Existing dam, owned by Northern States Power Co., is complete. Construction of 12 In addition, cost of $640,868 for first lock, was reported by the Mississippi River lock has not been started. Power Co., transferred to Government free in lieu of improvements destroyed. (Annual 3 Includes dredging above upper lock. (Federal cost only.) Report, 1928, pp. 1118-1119.) Present estimate includes $13,900,000 for main lock and Includes lower approach dredging and dredging between upper and lower locks. appurtenant work. (Federal cost only.) Excludes $1,100,000 contributed funds. Is Lift above possible future pool. Lift at extreme low water about 28.2 feet. 5 Based on pool elevation of 723.1 in pool 1 which is crest of dam. Pool is normally 14 Based on possible future pool. maintained at elevation 725.1 by flashboards. i5Excludes $81,200 contributed funds. 6 Includes $1,325,700 for bluff protection completed. In addition, $1,948,800 was ex- pended from previous projects and $1,349,600 from O&C appropriation for first of twin 16In addition, $620,000 was expended from the allotment for examinations, surveys, and contingencies, covering the original 9-foot survey, and a total of $613,600 was expended z locks. Does not include lock and dam replacement program. by the Works Progress Administration for miscellaneous clearing and esplanade work in 7Old upper guard sill. the Rock Island district. s Landward lock. ' In addition, $1,965,300 was expended from previous projects. 10Existing Le Claire Canal lock is used as auxilliary to lock 14; previous project costs, $540,000. 736 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Existing project. This project provides for a channel of 9-foot depth and of adequate width between the mouth of the Missouri River (1,179 miles from the Gulf) and the Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie Railway bridge at Minneapolis, by the construc- tion of a system of locks and dams, supplemented by dredging. The project also provides for further improvement at St. Paul to pro- vide a basin 9 feet deep, varying in width from 400 to 1,100 feet and extending downstream from the Robert Street Bridge for a dis- tance of 2.7 miles, and at Minneapolis to provide adequate terminal facilities, and for miscellaneous and other harbor improvements. Pertinent data for existing and proposed locks and dams, etc., are given in table above. All dams are concrete. Three dams (St. Anthony Falls, 1, and 19) are fixed, the remainder are movable. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is':$223,- 202,000, which includes $29,902,200 for work upstream from the lower Northern Pacific Railway bridge at Minneapolis (St. Anthony Falls), but is exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest approved estimate for maintenance is $4,060,000 an- nually. The existing project was authorized by the following acts and related documents: Acts Works authorized Documents River and Harbor Act of Dredging channels to landing places- ...... None. Sept. 22, 1922. River and Harbor Act of Project adopted from Illinois River to H. Doc. 290, 71st Cong., 2d July 3, 1930, as amended by Minneapolis; Chief of Engineers granted sess. P. R. No. 10, Feb. 24, 1932. discretionary authority to make such modification in plan as may be deemed advisable. Permanent Appropriation Operation of snag boats and operation and None. Repeal Act, June 26, 1934. care of locks and dams to be provided for with funds from Department of the Army appropriations for rivers and harbors. River and Harbor Act of Missouri River established as lower limit H. Doc. 137, 72d Congi Aug. 30, 1935. of the project. 1st sess. River and Harbor Act,. of Extension of 9-foot channel above St. An- Do. Aug. 26, 1937. thony Falls, Minn., including adequate terminal facilities for Minneapolis, Minn. River and Harbor Act of St. Paul Harbor-......-...-. ...... -- Rivers and Harbors Com- Aug. 30, 1935. mittee Dooe. 44, 74th Cong., 1stsess. River and Harbor Act of Determine damages to drainage and levee Rivers and Harbors Com- Aug. 26, 1937. districts caused by seepage and back- mittee Doec. 34, 75th Cong., water, and cost of making rectification 1st sess. thereof. Flood Control Act of Dec. 22, Public park and recreational facilities .- None. 1944. River and Harbor Act of Red Wing, Minn., harbor ......... _.... __ H. Doe. 103, 76th Cong., Mar. 2, 1945. 1st sess. Do___ Remedial works to correct damages caused H. Doe. 137, 76th Cong., 1st by seepage and backwater at Cochrane, sess. Wis. Do------- -- ------- -. Such changes or additions to the payments, remedial works, or land acquisitions au- None. thorized by the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 26, 1937 (River and Harbor Com- mittee Doec. 34, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as the Chief of Engineers deems advisable. Do ..------------- St. Paul, Minn., Channel enlargement, H. Doec. 547, 76th Cong., small-boat harbor, and roadway. 3d sess. None-- .. . ---------- ..------- Vertical bridge clearance at Minneapolis to S. Doc. 54, 77th Cong., 1st be 26 feet above the estimated stage for. sess. discharge of 40,000 c. f. s. River and Harbor Act of Winona, Minn., basin-...__ .. _....... H. Doe. 263, 77th Cong., Mar. 2, 1945. 1st sess. Do._ ___ - Future modification of lock and dam No. 2 H. Doec. 432, 77th Conga, for power development. 1st sess. MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 787 Acts Works authorized Documents River and Harbor Act of Lake City, Minn., harbor_- H. Doc. 511, 79th Cong., 2d July 24, 1946. sess. Do__-..---______ Wabasha, Minn., harbor. _-------- H. Doc. 514, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Do----------------- Payment of damages caused by backwater H. Doe. 515, 79th Cong., 2d and seepage, pools 3 to 11. sess. Do....----------------- Hastings, Minn., harbor .- H. Doc. 599, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Do _ _ _ Lansing, Iow a, harbor .... .----------------- ...........-.... S. Doc. 192, 79th C ong., 2d sess. d River and Harbor Act of Fort Madison, Iowa, harbors .-.......... H. Doc. 661, 80th Cong., 2 June 30, 1948. sess. River and Harbor Act of Payment of damages caused by pool No. 14 S. Doc. 197, 80th Cong., 2d May 17, 1950. at Clinton, Iowa. sess. Do......---------------- Davenport, Iowa, harbor _ --_ H. Doc. 642, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Do _______ _ Muscatine, Iowa, harbors ................ H. Doc. 733, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Do -- Alma, Wis., harbor___- H. Doc. 66, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Do- ------------- Hannibal, Mo., harbor__- H. Doc. 67, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Do .. Prairie du Chien, Wis., harbors... .. H. Doc. 71, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Do---------------- Opposite Hamburg, Ill., harbor ..... ___ H. Doc. 254, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Do-------- _______ i Rock Island, Ill., harbor H. Doc. 257, 81st Cong., 1st .--------------- sess. Do. .................- P--ermits such change in location of the Wi- None. nona, Minn., boat basin authorized by River and Harbor Act of Mar. 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 263, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), as the Chief of Engineers deems advisable. See House Document 669 (76th Cong., 3d sess.), for a report of Chief of Engineers dated February 27, 1940, containing a general plan for improvement of the Mississippi River between Coon Rap- ids Dam and the mouth of the Ohio River for purposes of naviga- tion, power development, the control of floods, and the needs of irrigation. Local cooperation. a. Extension of the 9-foot channel above St. Anthony Falls is authorized subject to the conditions that local interests contribute $1,100,000 to the first cost of the improvement as a whole and provided that responsible local agencies furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will: (1) Make the necessary alterations to highway bridges and pub- licly owned utilities, (2) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the channel and lock and dam construction, and (3) furnish at their own ex- pense suitable spoil disposal areas for the new work and for sub- sequent maintenance when and as required. Assurances of local cooperation were approved by the Secretary of War on October 2, 1945. The city of Minneapolis has made payment of the $1,100,000 cash contribution and has furnished land as required for work underway. Possession of lands on the right bank in the vicinity of the lower dock has been obtained by the Government in condemna- tion proceedings instituted for the city of Minneapolis at the ex- pense of the city. Consummation of this matter is expected in the fall term of court. b. The provision of a basin at Winona, Minn., is subject to the conditions that local interests revet the river face of the terminal property; furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will construct adequate terminal facilities at the basin 738' REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 and provide necessary floating booms, wharves, and servicing facili- ties at the small boat harbor open to the public on equal terms; furnish free of cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of- way and spoil disposal areas for new work and subsequent main- tenance when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. Assurances covering the commercial harbor, requested on August 8, 1947, have not been received. Change in location of the small- boat harbor was authorized by the Rivers and Harbors Act ap- proved May 17, 1950. Assurances for this harbor have not been requested. c. The provision of a small boat harbor at Hastings, Minn., is subject to the condition that responsible local agencies furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will pro- vide free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way; provide spoil disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; and pro- vide the necessary floating booms, slips, and service facilities open to all on equal terms. Local interests were formally requested to furnish assurances on March 17, 1950. Assurances were approved by the Secretary of the Army on July 7, 1950. Local interests who were proceeding with acquisition of lands have suspended opera- tions until availability of construction funds is known. d. The provision of a small boat harbor at Lansing, Iowa, is subject to the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of- way, and disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; and provide the necessary floating booms, slips, and servicing facilities open to all on equal terms. The condi- tions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required con- ditions or requested to furnish assurances. e. The provision of a small boat harbor at Alma, Wis., is subject to the condition that local interests agree to provide all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way, not now owned by the United States, for the construction and maintenance of the project; construct and maintain an adjacent parking area and an access road to the harbor site; and provide necessary mooring facilities and utilities, includ- ing a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assur- ances. f. The provision of the harbors at Prairie du Chien, Wis., is subject to the condition that local interests agree to furnish with- out cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of- way necessary for construction and maintenance of each of the harbor improvements, when and as required; protect the upstream corner of the fill at the freight harbor with revetment, or furnish funds for this work if accomplished by the United States, and maintain the fills at both harbors without cost to the United States; provide and maintain at local expense adequate public terminal and MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 739 transfer facilities in connection with the commercial freight har- bor, open to all on equal terms; and provide and maintain at the small boat harbor, without cost to the United States, adequate mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Assurances of local cooperation were received on December 28, 1953, and ap- proved by the Secretary of the Army on May 11, 1954. g. The provision of a small-boat harbor and freight terminal ap- proach channel at Fort Madison, Iowa, is subject to the conditions that for each improvement local interests agree to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas necessary for the new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvements; that for the small boat harbor, local interests agree to provide necessary mooring facilities and utilities, includ- ing a public landing with suitable supply facilities and access road, these harbor facilities to be open to all on equal terms; and that in connection with the approach channel, local interests agree to pro- vide adequate public terminal and transfer facilities, mooring fa- cilities, access roads, storm drains, retaining walls, and police and fire protection, these facilities and services to be available to all on equal terms. These requirements have not been met. However, local interests have furnished assurances of their willingness and ability to comply. h. The provision of a small boat harbor at Davenport, Iowa, is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of- way for construction and maintenance of the improvements; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construc- tion and maintenance of the works; and provide and maintain an access road, a parking area, and necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable servicing and supply facilities, and police and fire protection, open to all on equal terms. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assurances. i. The provision of a small boat harbor at Rock Island, Ill., is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of- way for construction and maintenance of the improvement when and as required; hold and save the United States free from dam- ages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; provide and maintain without cost to the United States an access road, a parking area, a boathouse, and the necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable servicing and supply facilities open to all on equal terms; maintain the levee around the major portion of the harbor area constructed from the materials dredged from the entrance chan- nel; and establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of the harbor facilities. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been for- 740 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 mally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assurances. j. The provision of a small boat harbor at Hannibal, Mo., is subject to the conditions that local interests furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of- way for construction and maintenance of the improvement, when and as required; and provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, necessary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assurances. k. The provision of a small boat harbor and freight terminal ap- proach channel at Muscatine, Iowa, is subject to the conditions that for each improvement local interests agree to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil dis- posal areas necessary for the new work and for subsequent main- tenance when and as required, accomplish without cost to the United States all necessary alterations of sewers and other utilities, maintain the ultilities, protect the fill at the harbor improvements with revetment or furnish funds for this work if accomplished by the United States, maintain the fill without cost to the United States, and hold and save the United States free from all damages resulting from construction and maintenance of the improvements; that for the small boat harbor local interests agree to provide nec- essary mooring facilities and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, boathouse, access road, and parking area, open to all on equal terms; and that in connection with the improvement to accommodate freight commerce, local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that immediately after the filling of the industrial site has been accom- plished, they will provide adequate public terminal and transfer facilities, including material-handling facilities, mooring facilities, access roads, and police and fire protection, these facilities and services to be available to all on equal terms; that they will see to it that immediately upon completion of the fill a grain elevator of approximately 250,000 bushel capacity designed to make shipments by river is provided at the site and that they will foster develop- ment of the site in other respects to assure full realization of the waterborne freight potentialities of this portion of the improve- ments. The conditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required conditions or requested to furnish assurances. 1. The provision of a small boat harbor on the Missouri side of the river opposite Hamburg, Ill., is subject to the conditions that local interests agree to furnish, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas neces- sary for the new work and for subsequent maintenance, when and as required; hold and save the United States free from any dam- ages resulting from construction and maintenance of the improve- ment; provide and maintain an adequate ferry service, necessary mooring facilities, and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, a suitable access road between Elsberry MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 741 levee and the ferry landing, and a suitable parking area, the ferry service and these facilities to be available to all on equal terms; maintain, without cost to the United States, all the improvements added to the existing river project by the proposed modification except for maintenance of project depths in the harbor basin and its entrance; and establish a public body having authority to co- operate financially and to operate the essential facilities. The con- ditions of local cooperation have not been met in whole or in part. Local interests have not been formally notified of the required con- ditions or requested to furnish assurances. m. The provisions of local cooperation for the remedial works at Cochrane, Wis., for the improvement of the commercial harbor and enlargement of the existing small boat basin at Lake City, Minn., for the improvement of the channel at St. Paul and dredging of small boat harbor at the lower end of Harriet Island, and for the harbors at, Red Wing, Minn., and Wabasha, Minn., have been fully complied with. 1.: Terminal facilities. A complete list of terminals is contained in the book titled "The Middle and Upper Mississippi River," revised to Decemnber 31, 1946. This book may be obtained from the Dis- trict Engineer, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, St. Louis, Mo. Operations and results during fiscal year, Regular funds. St. Paul District: New work. Extension of channel above St: Anthony Falls: Construction of the lower lock and dam by con- tinuing contract was increased from 41.3 to 65.7 percent complete. Construction during the year was entirely in the lock area. Fabrication of gates and machinery was carried on and completed units were shipped and stored. Locks and dam 1: The contract for construction of a protective cribbing type retaining wall and. other work for the protection of the bluff adjacent to and downstream from the land wall of the locks was completed. Lock and dam 2: A contract has been awarded for surfacing the access road and esplanade and other work in the vicinity of the damsite. No work has been initiated. Seepage damages, pools 3-11: Claims were processed by hired labor as evidence of title was received, and four claims totaling $2,100.00 were processed for payment. Miscellaneous: Designs in connection with extension of channel above St. Anthony Falls and for work on bluff protection at locks and dam 1 were carried on by hired labor. Land and flowage acquisition: Office work in connection" with acquisition of land at St. Anthony Falls was carried on by hired labor.. Condemnation action by the United States is being done at the request of local interests with reimbursement by them. Cost of work by classes: Design, engineering, etc., for St. An- thony Falls, $48,532; design, engineering, etc., general, $12,182; lock and dam construction, $2,122,562; protection of bluff, $214,- 951; administration and payment of seepage damages and land acquisition, $3,746. Cost by hired labor, $65,541; by contract, $2,340,432. Total cost of new work was $2,458,656 Federal funds and -- $56,683 contributed funds. 742 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Maintenance: Channel dredging was performed at 62 localities by Government plant and hired labor. A total of 2,324,934 cubic yards of material and 24 snags were removed at a cost of $553,335. Miscellaneous surveys and shore protection work were carried on at a cost of $48,625. The total cost of maintenance was $601,960. Operating and care: The locks and dams were operated as re- quired and necessary repairs were made thereto and to appurtenant structures, including the final stage of remedial work on the ogee section of dam 1, construction of a remedial dike at lock and dam 3, and repair and repainting of miter gates at lock 4. Cost of opera- tion including repairs was $1,068,927 for the year. The cost of work (St. Paul District) for the year was $4,072,860, of which $2,401,973 was for new work, $601,960 was for mainte- nance, and $1,068,927 for operating and care. Rock Island district: New work. Construction of new main lock No. 19 and appurtenances at Keokuk, Iowa, by contract, was coy- tinued. Construction of stage I of the lock, consisting of the loweri river wall, the lower land wall, and rock excavation at the lower lock approach, was completed in April 1954; construction of stage II, consisting of the new lock proper including esplanade, lock gates, Tainter valves, operating machinery and accessories and appurtenances was initiated in May 1954. Studies relative to rec- tification of damages to drainage and levee districts were carried on by hired labor. Cost of work by classes: New main Lock No. 19, $1,901,674; and rectification of damages to drainage and levee districts, $71,- 016. Total cost by hired labor, $333,284; by contract, $1,639,406. Maintenance: Operating and care. The locks and dams were operated as required and necessary repairs made thereto and to appurtenant structures at a cost of $1,689,937. The cost of the work (Rock Island District) during the fiscal year, all from regular funds, was $3,662,627, of which $1,972,690 was for new work, and $1,689,937 was for operating and care. St. Louis district: New work. Partial rectification of damages in pool No. 25 cost $7,004.89. Maintenance. Work on rehabilitation of gates, lock and dam 26 was performed by contract at a cost of $223,499.16. Channel dredging was performed at 6 localities with, Government plant and hired labor. A total of 262,940 cubic yards of material was re- moved from the main channel at a cost of $59,597.34. Other costs by hired labor were: Repairs to lock No. 26, $152,453.14; surveys, $5,056.83; gages, $10,499.34; aids to navigation, $13,034.36; con- struction of emergency bulkhead recesses and dummy sill trusses, $68,022.05; and miscellaneous work, $27,446.97; and pending ad- justment, $-6,535.51. The total cost of maintenance was $553,- 073.66. Operating and care. The locks and dam were operated as re- quired and necessary repairs were made thereto and to appurtenant structures at a cost of $248,589.94. MISSISSIPPI RIVER-MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 743 The costs during the fiscal year for the three districts were as follows: St. Paul Rock Island St. Louis Total Costs: New work ______________________ $2,401,973 $1,972,690 $ 7,005 $4, 381,668 Maintenance..________________ 1, 670,887 1,689,937 801,663 4,162,487 -4, Total costs_-..... 072, 860 3,662, 627 808,668 8,544,155 Condition at end of fiscal year. The 9-foot channel as a whole was about 75 percent complete. St. Paul district: Work completed. Locks and dams 1 to 10, in- clusive (except for relatively minor appurtenant work) ; major improvements of harbors at St. Paul and Minneapolis; boat harbors at St. Paul, Red Wing, Wabasha, and Lake City, Minn.; remedial drainage ditch at Cochrane, Wis.; miscellaneous channel dredging and realignment; channel markers; pool clearing; and studies rela- tive to public-use planning have been completed. A total of 207 claims for seepage damages, totaling $88,591.75, have been proc- essed for payment. For information pertaining to locks and dams, see table under paragraph "existing project." Status of land and flowage acquisition. Approximately 50,630 acres of land in fee including 45,158 acres wherein use of land by the Department of the Interior is provided for in accordance with a cooperative agreement and general plans, and easements on 15,244 acres of land including easements retained on 51 acres of land originally acquired and subsequently sold were owned or con- trolled in pools 1-10, inclusive, at the close of the fiscal year. In addition, easements over approximately 156 acres of land for har- bors and St. Anthony Falls have been obtained and the Department of the Army holds special rights over 62,874 acres of land owned by the Department of the Interior in pools 3-10, inclusive. Acqui- sition of 4.6 acres of land at St. Anthony Falls is pending. Com- pletion of land and flowage acquisition for portions of the project completed or presently under construction is expected in fiscal year 1955. Work remaining to complete the portion of the project in the St. Paul District consists of the following: completion of extension of the channel above St. Anthony Falls, initiated in October 1948 and about 23 percent complete; esplanade at 2 for which contract has been awarded; guide wall extensions at 3 to 10, inclusive, except at 6; construction of stage-recorder houses at various sites, realign- ment of channel at Wilds Bend; harbor improvements at Hastings and Winona, Minn., Alma and Prairie du Chien, Wis., and Lansing, Iowa; construction of public-use facilities; remainder of payment for seepage damages, pools 3 to 11, inclusive; and completion of land acquisition at St. Anthony Falls. The condition of the channel on June 30, 1954, was such that con- trolling depths of 9 feet at low water and minimum widths for long-haul common carrier service were being maintained in all pools, except St. Anthony Falls. 744 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The total costs under the existing project (St. Paul District) to June 30, 1954, including $277,152 contributed funds expended for new work, were as follows: Regular Public works Emergency Total funds funds relief funds Costs: New work_..______________________ $31,823, 153 $24, 210,071 $9,071, 214 $65, 104, 438 Maintenance 123, 184, 891 .... 184,891 23, Total costs_ - - 55,008,044, 24,210,071 9,071,214 88, 289,329 I Includes $762,196 expended between 1930 and 1936 on the operating and care of the works of improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. The above costs and expenditures for new work, regular funds, include $159,359 transferred from Rock Island District covering pro rata share of cost of Derrickboat Hercules. Rock Island district: Work completed. Locks and dams 11 to 22, inclusive (except proposed main lock and appurtenances at 19, and appurtenant works at various localitieS); alterations to Eagle Point Bridge; rock excavation in pool 20; diversion of Henderson River; partial conglomerate dredging in pool 19; partial clearing in 'pools; partial removal of old lateral dam along" LaClaire Canal; channel alignment in pools 14, 16, 18, and 21; addition to pump house and installation of machinery in Union Township drainage :district, Mo.; seepage ditch and remedial works in Des Moines County drainage district No. 7, Iowa; remedial works in the Sny Island levee drainage district, Ill.; extensions to upper river walls at locks 11, 16, 18, 20, and 21; guide wall extension at lock 11; mooring levee at lock 20; upper approach dikes at locks 13, 17, and 22; and compensation to the city of Clinton, Iowa, for damages caused by pool 14 have been completed. For information pertain- ing to locks and dams, see tabulation under paragraph "Existing project." Status of land and flowage acquisition:' Acquisition of land in pools 11 to 22, inclusive, consisting of 94,003 acres in fee and 10,304 acres in flowage easement, has been completed. Work remaining to complete the portion of the project in the Rock Island district consists of the following: Main lock and appur- tenant works at 19; guide wall extensions at 16, 18, 20, and 21; mooring facilities at 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 22; removal of remainder of lateral dam in pool 14; clearing in pools 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 21, and 22; rock and conglomerate excavation in pools 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 21; harbor improvements at Fort Madison, Iowa; Hannibal, Mo.; Davenport, Iowa; Rock Island, Ill.; and Mus- catine, Iowa; rectification of damages to drainage and levee dis- tricts; construction of public use facilities, and miscellaneous mi- nor items. MISSISSIPPI RIVER--MISSOURI RIVER AND MINN. 745 The totalkcosts under the existing project (Rock Island District) to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Regular Public works Emergency Total funds funds relief funds Costs: New work... $45, 062535 $17,403,322 $11,338,865 $73, 804, 722 Maintenance 1 23, 781, 207 - 23, 781, 207 Total costs........ .... 68, 843, 742 17, 403, 322 11, 338, 865 97,585, 929 I Includes the sum of $395,442, expended between 1930 and 1936 on the operating and care of the works of improvement, under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. The above costs for new work, regular funds, exclude $207,167 transferred to the St. Paul and St. Louis districts covering their pro rata shares of cost of derrickboat Hercules. St. Louis district: Work completed. Locks and dams at Nos. 24, 25, and 26 (Henry T. Rainey Dam) (except appurtenant works) and dikes and revetments have been completed. For information pertaining to locks and dams, see table under paragraph "Existing project." Status of land and flowage acquisition: Acquisition of land in pools 24, 25, and 26, involving 41,213 acres of land in fee and flowage easements over 6,549 acres, has been completed. Work remaining to complete: The portion of the project in the St. Louis District consists of the following: guide wall extensions at locks 24, 25, and 26; purchase and installation of emergency bulkheads and construction of derrick and storage yard at lock and dam 26; clearing in pool 26; rectification of damages to drain- age and levee districts in pools 25 and 26; construction of facilities for public use; and construction of small-boat harbor facilities on the Missouri side of the river opposite Hamburg, Ill. The condition of the channel on June 30, 1954, was such that controlling depths of 9 feet at low water and generally suitable widths for long haul common carrier service were maintained in all pools and between lock and dam 26 and the Missouri River. The total costs under the existing project (St. Louis District) to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Regular Public works Emergency Total funds funds relief funds Costs: New work -. .. . . . . . $14,775,013 $10, 282, 566 266 $2,440, $27, 497,845 Maintenance ........... 10,094,571 ---- -------- -10, 094 571 Total costs------- -------- - 24,869, 584 10, 282, 566 2, 440, 266 37, 592, 416 The above costs for new work, regular funds, include $47,808 transferred from the Rock Island District covering pro rata cost 746 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of derrick boat Hercules; but do not include $687,709 expended by Rock Island District in pool No. 24. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for the three districts in the project, including contributed funds expended for new work, were as follows: Regular Public works Emergency funds funds Total relief funds Costs: New work. ---------------------- $91, 660,701 $51, 895, 959 $22, 850, 345 $166, 407, 005 Maintenance-------------------- 57, 060,669 ---------------- 57, 060, 669 Total costs-------- - -148, 721,370 51,895, 959 22,850,345 223, 467,674 1 Includes $1,157,638 expended between 1930 and 1936 on operating and care of the works of improvement, under provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 2 New work: Appropriated- -_ $2, 467, 000 Cost..--------------- 1, 432,007 $1, 671, 600 1, 268, 738 $1, 957, 770 2, 190, 543 $2, 567, 730 3, 287, 900 $5, 468, 400 4, 438, 351 $217, 582, 275 215, 142, 498 Maintenance: Appropriated....... , 4,021, 000 3,679,469 3,300,800 4, 329,867 4, 173, 930 65, 930 Cost------ --------- 3, 993, 672 3, 686, 970 3, 381, 475 4, 356, 058 4, 162, 488 65,33, 266 1 Includes $49,012,646 for new work and $8,472,597 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $277,152 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---------.. ............-----. $46, 588 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------............ 4,670,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -------......... --.... ..... -------. -- --..------- ..... --...4, 716, 588 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project..............--..........---.....................................-------------... 49, 962, 371 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------------------........... ....---------.------------------. $1, 181, 200 Cost . ... $295, 716 $256,919 .... -$300 000 56, 683 277, 152 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-..--.... $653, 701 .---------.. Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending ...... --.... June 30, 1955..............................----------------------------..... ...---. .......... 653, 701 ----.. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT This district comprises portions of western Illinois, southwestern Wisconsin, southern and southwestern Minnesota, eastern and cen- tral Iowa, and northeastern Missouri, embraced in the drainage basin of the Mississippi River and its eastern and western tribu- taries between mile 300 (above the mouth of the Ohio River) and mile 614, and of its eastern tributaries only, between Hamburg Bay, at mile 261, and mile 300. This district also includes the Illi- nois and Mississippi Canal and the drainage basin of Bureau Creek, Ill. That section of the Mississippi River between mile 300 and mile 614 is included in the report on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Mississippi River between the 5. The Sny Basin, Ill....................... 753 Missouri River and Minne- 6. Coralville Reservoir, Upper apolis, Minn. (Rock Island Mississippi River Basin, Iowa 754 District)---..-.-.--.----........... ...... 747 7. Upper Mississippi River Basin, 2. Illinois and Mississippi Canal, Rock Island District..... ........ 755 Ill ----......-.............. 747 8. Inactive flood control projects.. 756 3. Mill Creek and South Slough 9. General investigations................ 757 at Milan, Ill ....-........ ........... ... 751 10. Inspection of completed flood 4. Inactive navigation projects .... 752 control works ..................... 757 11. Flood control work under special authorization........__ .... 757 1. MISSISSIPPI RIVER BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ROCK ISLAND DISTRICT) For report on this improvement, see page 742. 2. ILLINOIS AND MISSISSIPPI CANAL, ILL. Location. This canal connects the Illinois and the Mississippi Rivers, proceeding from a point on the Illinois River about 12 miles from La Salle across the State of Illinois to the Mississippi River at the mouth of Rock River. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a canal from the Illinois River, near Bureau, running westerly via the Bu- reau Creek Valley to Rock River, near Colona, thence in the bed of Rock River to the rapids near Milan, and thence to the Mississippi River at the mouth of Rock River, at Rock Island, the length of the main line being 75 miles. The feeder, 29.3 miles in length, extends from Rock Falls on Rock River to the summit level of the canal, about 28 miles from the Illinois River. There are 32 locks in the main canal, described in the following tabulation. There is also a lock and controlling works at the head 747 748 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of the feeder at Rock Falls and a lock in Rock River at Rock Falls connecting the pool of the Government dam with the pool of the power company's dam below. This lock has dimensions similar to those in the main canal and cost $75,000. The cost of new work for the completed project was $7,605,143.41. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents .Existing project adopted ---------------------- H. Ex. Does. 316 and 429, 51st Sept. 19,1890 Cong., 1st seas; Annual Re- port, 1890, p. 263. [Estimate of cost for new work revised to $8,01-1,551.12__ H. Doc. 297, 57th Cong., 1st sess. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of the works of improvement pro- vided for with funds from War Department appro- priations for rivers and harbors. July 3, 1930 For payment of $8,450.75 to the Mud Creek special H. Doc. 108, 70th Cong., Istsess. drainage district for work accomplished by the said district. Do -- Secretary of War authorized to expend from funds Specified in act. appropriated and available for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor works the sum of $25,235 as a contribution toward the relocation and reconstruction of the highway bridge across the Illinois and Mississippi Canal at Wyanet, Bureau County, Ill., known as bridge No. 10. 1 Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. The latest published map is shown .on page 2013 of Annual Report for 1908. Table showing featuresof the Illinois and Mississippi canal LOCKS Location Locks cii Distance Dimensions Depth on miter sill z Year Name from Character of opened to Total cost Missis- Distance from nearest town or Greatest foundation navigation sippi River (miles) mouth of navigable tributary Width of length chamber available (feet) for full width (feet) Lift (feet) Upper (feet) Lower (feet) a Lock 1_............. 74. 87 Illinois River, 2,000 feet west -..-- 35 143.08 9. 0 8. 17 7.0 Sand and clay........... Oct. 24, 1907 $41,305. 03 Lock 2_. ___ 73. 91 At Bureau._ 35 143. 08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand, clay, and gravel... ..... do-..... 42, 099.69 0i Lock 3.............._ 73.29 M mile west of Bureau ... ____--- 35 143.08 9.0 8. 17 7.0 Quicksand and gravel.. 39, 172. 01 Lock 4_............. 71.75 2% miles west of Bureau __.... 35 143. 08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel......... ..... do ...... 39, 357. 10 Lock 5_........._.... 70.63 3Y miles west of Bureau. _...... 35 143. 08 8.0 8.17 7.0 .....do-.---.-..-.---.-... ..... do...... 39, 509. 45 0 ' Lock 6...........-------------... 68. 75 5 miles west of Bureau........... 35 143. 08: 10. O0 8.-17 7.0 Sand, hardpan, and 41, 927. 72 gravel. do..-... ....---- Lock 7............... 68.00 3 miles east of Tiskilwa..........._ 35 143.08 8.0 8.17 7.0 Loam and sand-....... 35, 635. 09 Lock 8_............. 67. 02 2 miles east of Tiskilwa .... __ __ 35 149. 75 8.0 8;17 7.0 ..... do................... ..... do ..... 36, 274. 37 Lock 9-.............. 66.80 1% miles east of Tiskilwa__.....__ 35 149. 75 8.0 8.17 7.0 Clay._. .-..---. 32, 134. 93 r Lock 10_....__.______ 64. 98 At Tiskilwa...................... 35 149. 75 9.0 8. 17 7.0 Sand and gravel......... ..... do ...... 36,113.71 Lock 11............__ 64. 13 1 mile west of Tiskilwa-.....____ 35 149. 75- 9.0 8.17 7.0 .....do--.......... .---- ..... do ...... 36, 710. 05 Lock 12__________ 63. 56 1% miles west of Tiskilwa .. _.... 35 149.75 8.0 8.17 7. 0 .....do--........- ---- ..... do-...... 33, 827.14 Lock 13...........___ 62. 83 3 miles west of Tiskilwa .......... 35 146. 75 10. O0 8.17 7.0 Loam and clay.......... .... do ... ---- 32, 294. 88 Lock 14.._____ . .__. 62. 02 3 miles east of Wyanet-....__.... 35 149.75 10. 0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel......... ..... do.... o ....... 31, 524. 90 - Lock 15_..... ...... 61.42 2% miles east of Wyanet.......... 35 149. 75 10.0 8.17 7.0 .....do--................... .--_do....... ..... do ....... 29, 974. 01 . Lock 16_............ 61.23 2 miles east of Wyanet............ 35 149. 75 11.0 8.17 &7. Loam, clay and sand . - ..... .... _do....... do ....... 34, 089. 5 19, Lock 17.... 60. 98 1% miles east of Wyanet........._ 35 149.75 10.0 8.17 Sand and gravel-------- 32, 576. 27 Lock 18_............ 59. 90 1 mile east of Wyanet........ ._._ 35 149.75 9.0 8.17 7. O0 Clay and gravel......... 7.0 35, 372. 69 3 Lock 19 ...._ .... _._ 59. 12 At Wyanet ...... 35 149.75 10. 0 8.17 7.0 Sand and gravel-......... 34, 239. 36 - Lock 20... ___ 58. 09 1 mile west of Wyanet..___....... 35 149. 75 11.0 8.17 7.0 Loam, clay and sand-.... ..... do....... 363838. 76 C Lock 21-............. 57. 83 13 miles west of Wyanet.......... 1 35 149.75 11.0 8.17 8.0 do-.................. -.. 38,026.88 H Guard lock........ 29.20 29 miles north main-line canal .... 35 149. 00 (2) 8. 30 6.5 Limestone--............. ..... do....... 32,678. 57 Rock River lock 3 ._ 29. 20 At Rock Falls, Ill...-.....--....-- 35 143.08 (2) 8. 47 6.6 .. ..do ---............... 1913 75, 605. 01 Lock 22.............. 46. 32 13 miles west of Wyanet ........ 35 143.08 9.0 8.17 7.0 Clay.................. 24, . Oct. do......1907 42, 458. 63 H Lock 23............. 37. 12 10 miles east of Geneseo ......... 35 143.08 11.0 8.17 7.0 ..... do..... ........... _. 41, 777. 95 Lock 24............. 27. 05 At Geneseo..------------....----- 35 143.08 11.0 8.17 7.0 Clay and gravel......... .... 47, 059. 15 Lock 25.............. 21. 56 5% miles west of Geneseo.......... 35 143.08 8.0 8. 17 7.0 _ _do ....... 40, 492. 10 Sand._..----- - See footnotes at end of tables Table showing features of the Illinois and Mississippi canal--Continued LOCKS-Continued Location Locks Dimensions Depth on miter sill Distance i Year Name from Character of opened to Total cost 0 Missis- Distance from nearest town or Greatest foundation navigation b sippi mouth of navigable tributary Width of length River chamber available Lift Upper Lower t-4 (miles) (feet) for full (feet) (feet) (feet) width 0 (feet) Lock 26 ......... 20. 46 _ 5 miles east of Colona_ _..... 35 143.08 9.0 8. 17 7.0 Sand..------------- -. Oct. 24,1907 $40, 428. 75 0i Lock 27. 18. 13 2% miles east of Colona ___.- - 35 143. 08 8.0 8.17 7.0 Gravel__ . ....... do....... 39, 090. 66 Rock _.... .. .. .. ... Lock Lock 28__ 29-- ..--.. 15. 13. 70 37 At Colona----.....-- --------- 2% miles west of Colona ........ 35 35 143.08 143. 08 8.0 11.0 8. 17 8. 17 7.0 7.0 ...do ...... ......do ....... ...... ....... do ...... 30, 808. 53 37,262. 65 zC Lock 30- -_...... 4. 62 1% miles east of Milan .-...... 35 149.00 0 7.00 7.0 Rock, etc., hardpan__ .... do . .. 71, 588.00 H Lock 31. ....... 2. 02 1 mile west of Milan 35 145. 42 6.0 7.17 7.0 Clay and gravel ...... ------- do.-.-.. 38, 711.44 Lock 32- ....... .15 3% m iles wes t of M ilan .. . .. . . . . 35 143. 08 12. 0 8. 00 7. O0 .- do ................ ----- do----- $1 85, 468. 31 Total cost, locks .. _---------------- $1,382,432.98 I 1 l t 1 i 00 ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT $128, 857.97 F Sterling Dam and dams at Milan, Ill ----------------- _ -- __..--. ... B rid ges.. . .-. .- -. . --. . -. -. . - . -. --. . .- -. . - . - . . . . 1, 513, 823. 25 Culverts--- .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . . . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. . . . . . . . . . - . ---- . 410, 198. 19 00 ca H ouses..._ ..... _. ___ _ _ .. . _. .__ . . ............... . . . . .. ......... 76, 974. 69 Surveys, flowage, and right-of-way--...------------- --...----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 726, 656.61 te. Excavations, embankments, clearing, fences, etc ...---- ---------------------------------------------------------------.. 2, 956, 451.61 Rock River pool-dredging, removing snags and stumps, etc __.------.. ------- --------- ------ . . .. ... ... ..------------------- --------------------- ------------ 152, 439. 58 Contribution to Mud Creek special drainage district-dredging ------- ------------------------------ --------- - -------------------- ----------- 8, 450. 75 Contributions to State of Illinois-relocation and reconstruction of highway bridge at Wyanet, Ill ----------------------------------------------- 25,235.00 F Miscellaneous_- _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..----------------------- 223, 622. 78 Total additional features -----.-------------------- . -.. 6, 222, 710. 43 Total cost of project-..... _ _. . . . . 7, 605, 143. 41 1 Feeder section. NOTE.-There are no dams except at the guard lock and lock 30. At the former locality 2 Variable. there is a fixed dam across the Rock River, with a movable crest constructed of wood, * Rock River lock is on Rock River at Rock Falls, Ill. It is located in the south end of concrete, and steel; at lock 30 there are crib dams across the north and south channels of the Sterling Dam and about 600 feet below the guard lock of the Illinois and Mississippi Rock River. The north dam has a 60-foot opening and has been superseded by a concrete ('anal (feeder section). power dam a short distance below; the south dam adjoining lock 30 has been reinforced with concrete laid in the water. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 751 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The canal structures were not operated or maintained for purposes of navigation during the fiscal year. Minimal maintenance pending disposal of the canal was performed by hired labor. A detailed study of the problems involved in effecting disposal of the lands and facilities was in prog- ress. Federal, State, and local governmental agencies and private interests were contacted to obtain their views relative to the use of the lands and facilities for park or other beneficial purposes, and assumption of the responsibility for future operation and mainte- nance. The costs during the fiscal year were $87,545 for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1918. Locks, dams, aqueducts, buildings, and other ap- purtenances are in fair-to-poor condition. Tabulation under para- graph "Existing project" gives data regarding the principal fea- tures of construction. Since June 30, 1951, canal structures have not been operated or maintained for purposes of navigation, in ac- cordance with the policy of the Corps of Engineers to suspend lock operation and maintenance of waterways affording little or no benefit to general commerce and navigation, and to eliminate non- essential maintenance expenditures. The total costs to June 30, 1954, from regular funds was $10,632,282, of which $7,580,143 was for new work and $3,052,139 was for operation and care. The costs from Emergency Relief funds for removal of snags and stumps in Rock River Pool were $25,000, all new work. In addition, the sum of $4,143,282 was ex- pended between April 1895 and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the per- manent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financialsummary iscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated---- ------------ ----- --.------------ ------- ------- ----------- $7, 605, 143 Cost --------------------------- ----------------- ------- ----- ----- --- 7, 605,143 Maintenance: Appropriated $200,000 $168, 000 $130, 000 $84, 900 $80, 000 2 7, 196. 582 Cost-------- -- 206,313 179,993 125,898 81,325 87, 545 7,195,421 1 Includes $25,000 Emergency Relief funds. 2 Includes $4,143,282 for operating and care under the "Permanent Indefinite Appropriation". 3. MILL CREEK AND SOUTH SLOUGH AT MILAN, ILL. Location. Mill Creek empties into South Slough about 1 mile east of the town of Milan, Ill., and 6.5 miles above the mouth of South Slough, which empties into the Mississippi River. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927. (For further details, see p. 1132, Annual Report for 1932, and p. 1081, Annual Report for 1938.) Existing project. This provides for floodgates in the walls of 752 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 the Illinois and Mississippi Canal, or other devices for carrying the floodwaters of Mill Creek across the canal right-of-way into Rock River; for the construction of a levee on the east bank of Mill Creek extending from the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railroad to the canal embankment; for the construction of a levee on the west bank of Mill Creek and its extension in a westerly direction to a connec- tion with Water Street at the point E, shown on map of project document; and for the removal of obstructions in Mill Creek and South Slough. The cost of new work for the completed project was $63,633.58. The estimated cost of maintenance, revised in 1954, is $10,000 annually. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Dec. 19, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project docu- ment. Local cooperation.: Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operations and results during:fiscal year. Hired labor forces cut brush and willows on the banks of Mill Creek and South Slough, performed minor dredging and snagging, and operated spillway gates. The costs during the fiscal year were $2,131 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1932. The project was in fair condition at the end of the fiscal year. The total costs under the previous project were $85 for new work and under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $137,665, of which $63,634 was for new work and $74,031 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -30, 1954, includ- 15 ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated------------------------------------------------------------- $63, 719 Cost--_----------------------------------------------------------- 63, 719 Maintenance: Appropriated.------- $37, 000 $5, 500 -$2, 000 $2, 000 $3, 000 74,900 Cost__..... ..-------------- 7, 051 22, 968 11,524 2,000 2,131 74, 031 4. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see annual required to report plete for- New work Maintenance com Remove obstructions from Rock River, Ill. (under sec. 3, 1930 River and Harbor Act)_.-.- 1952 $4, 500.00 (1) Remove obstructions from Galena River, Ill. (under sec. 3, 1930 River and Harbor Act)-......1952 - 1,000.00 () Dredging in Iowa River, Iowa (under sec. 3, 1945 ..................... 1952 River and Harbor Act)...--------------------- 5,000.00 5,------------ (1) Removal of two sunken vessels at Quincy, Ill. (under sec. 19, 1899 River and Harbor Act)..... 1952 975.68 4--------------3, (1) SCompleted. FLOOD CONTROL-ROOL K ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 753 5.: THE SNY BASIN, ILL. Location. This project i loeated in the basin of the Sny, a former bychannel of the Mississippi River, in Pike, Adams, and Calhoun Counties, Ill., approximately miles 260.9 to 315.4 above the mouth of the Ohio River. The major tributaries of the Sny are McCraney, Hadley, Kiser, Six Mile, and Bay Creeks. Several minor tributaries include Fall, Pigeon, Horton, and Dutch Creeks. (The entire Sny Basin is shown on topographic maps of the U. S. Geological Survey, scale 1:62,500, dated 1921-28.) Existing project. The plan of improvement now being con- sidered for the prevention of interior flooding within the Sny bot- tom lands consists of construction of two retarding and desilting reservoirs for Pigeon Creek and for Horton-Dutch Creeks; con- struction of three diversion channels for McCraney-Hadley Creeks, Kiser Creek, and Six Mile-Bay Creeks to conduct the runoff from the uplands drainage area directly to the Mississippi River; im- provement of certain reaches of the Sny channel to collect bottom- land runoff; construction of three pumping stations; construction of. a closing levee to exclude backwater up the Sny; construction of aqueducts or culverts to pass drainage which would otherwise be blocked; and the construction of remedial works necessitated by the improvements. The estimated Federal cost for construction of the project, re- vised in 1954, is $18,507,800. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, substantially in ac- cordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 713, 79th Congress, 2d session. The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, applies. In addition, local interests will be re- quired to furnish necessary authority to abandon obstructive bridges, and make all necessary alterations and relocations of highway bridges, roads, subsurface drains, and public utilities affected by the improvement. Local interests were informed of the local cooperation require- ments on September 8, 1947. Assurances, executed by the com- missioners of the Sny Island levee drainage district on February 9, 1948, were forwarded on July 25, 1952, to the Chief of Engineers, and acceptance thereof was authorized on August 8, 1952. The assurances were formally accepted by the district engineer on Sep- tember 6, 1952. In order that the Sny Island levee drainage district may raise the necessary funds to meet the local cooperation requirements, it will be necessary to secure court approval of the project. The drainage district must file a petition accompanied by detailed con- struction plans and rights-of-way maps in the county court. These construction plans and rights-of-way maps will be furnished the drainage district by the Rock Island district office. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary plan- ning, including field surveys, design, and estimates, by hired labor, was continued during the fiscal year. The costs during the fiscal year were $62,657 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been 754 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 started. Preliminary planning of the project, by hired labor, is about 40 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $505,974 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------........ $100, 000 -2, 100, 000 -$16, 000 $70, 000 $30,000 $508, 700 Cost----------------................. 108, 934 35, 723 16, 307 34, 617 62, 657 505, 974 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ....-------------- $...2,726 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.......... 70,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955. ................... -- ----- . .......----.---.. ------.... 72, 726 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project................................... . 17, 929, 100 ...........------------------------------. 6. CORALVILLE RESERVOIR, UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, IOWA Location. The work covered by the project is on the Iowa River, upstream from the city of Iowa City, in Johnson County, Iowa, approximately 83 miles above the mouth of the Iowa River which empties into the Mississippi River about 433 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earth-filled dam rising approximately 100 feet above the streambed, a 500-foot uncontrolled spillway, outlet works to control the flow of the river to bankfull stage below the dam, and a reservoir providing for a controlled storage of 492,000 acre-feet. The project will minimize flood damages on the Iowa River from the dam to the mouth of the Cedar River. It will provide a large degree of protection for lands along the Iowa River below the mouth of the Cedar River, and significant reductions of Mississippi River flows at Keokuk, Iowa, and reduction in flows at Cairo, Ill. The existing project was selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers under the general authorization contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost, revised in 1954, is $19,643,500, including $13,807,500 for construction and relocations, and $5,836,000 for lands and damages. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary plan- ning was continued. Land acquisition, including mapping and sur- veying, appraisals, purchases, and condemnations, was performed. The total costs during the fiscal year were $98,979 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1949, and is 33 percent complete. Stage I (con- sisting of site clearing, construction of a portion of the earth- embankment section of the dam, placing of protection stone, in- stallation of piezometer and settlement gages, and construction of field office building) was completed in 1949. Stage II (consisting of construction of outlet works) was completed in 1953. Pre- FLOOD CONTROL--ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 755 liminary planning is 77 percent complete. Work in connection with lands and damages is 53 percent complete. Of a total of some 34,000 acres which will be involved in land acquisition, to date 15,702 acres have been acquired in fee, flowage easements have been ob- tained for 798 acres, and 119 acres have been transferrd from other Government agencies. All existing features of' the project are in good condition. The principal features of work remaining to complete the project are stage III (consisting of construction of spillway and completion of embankment section of dam) and rem- edial works. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $5,492,286 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- $2, 455,500 $2, 400, 000 --------------------------------- $6,010,148 Cost- - ------------- 1,220, 418 1, 502, 613 $1, 098, 537 $810, 244 $98, 979 5, 492, 286 1 $341,500 reserved in Office, Chief of Engineers. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--------... ----............. $434, 651 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----- ..........--. 1,750,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--..---....------------.........--...........................................................-------------.......... 2, 174, 651 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---.........................------------------------...............................----..... 11,883, 352 7. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, ROCK ISLAND DISTRICT Location. The Mississippi River Basin above the Ohio River, exclusive of the Missouri River Basin, in the Rock Island district. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Upper Mississippi River Basin described in Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and authorized $6,600,000 for reservoirs and $2,700,000 for local flood-protection works on the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers; the reservoirs and local protection projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The act approved June 28, 1938, specifically provides that the authorization shall include the enlargement and extension of a system of levees located on the south side of the Sangamon River east of Chandlerville, Ill., as set forth in House Document 604, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the additional sum 'f $10,000,000 for prosecution of the comprehensive plan, in- cluding the Red Rock Reservoir on the Des Moines River. The Flood Control Act of July 24, 1946, authorized to be appropriated the additional sum of $10,000,000 for prosecution of the compre- hensive plan. The following individual projects located in the Rock Island district were considered in the comprehensive plan: 756 REPORT QF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 RESERVOIRS Total Name. Tributary basin State estimated Federal cost Central City_ ---- . --------- Waps sipinicon__ ___ Iowa -. S '$9 ,490000 ...- Coralville __ ...... Iowa. .do . S--19,643,500 Rochester ........ -- -------- Cedal r--- - -- S'13, 300,000 ...do .... Red Rock-.- Des l Moines - -- - ' 77,700,000 LEVEES Union Township drainage - Missouri- $109,620.64 district.s 1 Estimate revised in 1954. 2See individual report for details of project. 3 Completed. For last full report, see Annual Report for 1947, p. 1420. Operations and results during fiscal year. None, except for work on the Coralville Reservoir project as shown in individual report. Condition at end of fiscal year. The progress of work on reser- voir projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual reports. No work has been performed in con- nection with general studies for the development of the comprehen- sive basin plan. 8. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, _ amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance () Green Island levee and drainage district No. 1, 1938 Iowa. Carroll County levee and drainage district No. 1, 1938 (1) Illinois. Keithsburg drainage district, Illinois ....2 _..... 1938 () Janesville and Indian Ford Dams, Wis. ........ 1938 . . . . . . . .. . . . . . $ 103, 000 Gregory drainage district, Missouri-........... 1940 $77, 100 ---- - (z) South Quincy drainage and levee district, Illinois_ 1940 61,200 (3) Penny Slough, Rock River, Ill____ . .. 1940 85, 800 (5) Fabius River drainage district, Missouri ...... 1941 60,500 (3) South River drainage district, Missouri ....._. 1941 55,300 -.- (3) Sny Island levee drainage district, Illinois ----- 1942 61,400 (3) Union Township drainage district 2 levee, Missouri 1947 109,621 -- (3) Sabula, Mississippi River, Iowa - 1947 100 67,900 (3) Green Bay levee and drainage district No. 2, 1949 299, 000 Iowa Henderson County drainage district No. 3, 1949 42, 700 (3) Illinois. 2 Des Moines River at Des Moines, Iowa ........ 1950 1,519 718, 480 Elkport, Turkey River, Iowa ...... ---- 1951 34,200 Galena, Galena River, Ill ........ 1952 844,100 Henderson River. Ill.4................ 4 1952 28,000 2, 632, 000 Freeport on Pecatonica River, Ill.4 __ 1952 48,075 1, 041, 925 Mississippi River at Canton, Mo. -. 1952 1, 290, 000 Rock River, Ill. and Wis., at South Beloit, Ill.4_. 1952 120, 000 (5) Emergency flood control work under authority 1952 $234, 260 of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 18, 1941, as amended. Red Rock Reservoir, 4 Upper Mississippi River 1953 1, 295, 300 76, 404, 700 Basin, Iowa ' District acquired by the United States. Deferred pending further study. * Completed and transferred to local interests for maintenance and operation. 4No funds available. 5All work presently contemplated under this authorization has been completed. FLOOD CONTROL-ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 757 9. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs and expenditures during the fiscal year were $30,245 for examinations and surveys. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, $646, will be applied to continuation of work during fiscal year 1955. The additional sum of $67,600 can be profitably expended for work during fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. Collection and study of basic information pertaining to river and harbor and flood control, and related programs were performed during the fiscal year. This ~work consisted of stream gauging, precipitation studies, fish and wildlife studies, storm studies, sedimentation studies, flood emer- gency studies, and various related hydrologic studies. The costs and expenditures for collection and study of basic data during the fiscal year were $6,000. 10. I:NSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Federal flood control regulations (Part 208 of Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations) provide that the structures and facilities constructed by the United States for local flood protection shall be continuously maintained in such a manner and operated at such times and for such periods as may be necessary to obtain the maxi- mum benefits. Completed flood control works in the Rock Island District which have been transferred to local interests for opera- tion and maintenance were periodically inspected during the fiscal year to assure that these results were being obtained. The costs during the fiscal year were $4,978 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to Tune n 1954, iticlud- 30, 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 i g fiscal years 190 19561 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $3, 250--- ....-- $3, 000 $4, 500 $10, 750 Cost... --- ......-- -------- 3,250 ......... 1, 019 4, 978 9, 247 11. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interest of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) Operations during the fiscal year consisted of channel straighten- ing of the Fabius River in Marion County and Fabius River Drain- age Districts, Marion County, Mo. The work consisted of excava- tion of approximately 5,540 linear feet of new river channel, construction of two closing dikes in the existing river channel, and disposal of surplus excavated materials in spoil areas. Construc- tion was started in October 1953, and completed in December 1953, a total of 228,516 cubic yards of material having been excavated. The costs during the fiscal year were $40,430 for new work,: of which $16,000 was contributed by local:interests. The total costs under this authority to June 30, 1954, were $132,- 694, of which $16,000 was contributed by local interests. 758 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ - -$13, 000 -$13, 000 $9, 264 $50, 000 1 $142, 264 Cost...............-----------------. ------------ 32, 250 8, 728 13, 536 24, 430 1 116, 694 1 Includes $19,000 for snagging and clearing on Bay Creek, Sny Island Levee Drainage District, Ill., formerly considered a separate project. See Annual Report for year 1947. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954........... $25, 570 ....----------.... Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.....-------------------------------------------------25, 570 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-----..... _ ..-----.------------- ------------ ------------ $16, 000 $16, 000 Cost--------. .-----------------------------------------------............ 16,000 16, 000 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Preparation of a project report on the effect of floods in Okabena Creek at Worthington, Minn., was completed during the fiscal year. The project as recommended in the report was approved for con- struction by the Chief of Engineers under the above authority at an estimated total cost of $134,500, including Federal costs esti- mated at $77,600. Construction has not been started. The costs during the fiscal year were $8,352 for new work. The total costs under this authority to June 30, 1954, were $8,500 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--.. ----------------------------------- $3, 500 $5, 000 $8. 500 Cost ------------------------------------------------ 148 8, 352 8,500 Other new work data: Estimated additional amouint needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-- ----- ............. ----------------------- 77, 600 Flood control emergencies-Repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Pursuant to these acts, the amount of $3,167,886 has been al- lotted to the Rock Island District for emergency flood control work. During the fiscal year, 5 emergency levee-repair jobs were com- pleted. The costs during the fiscal year were $65,515 for main- tenance. FLOOD CONTROL--ROCK ISLAND, ILL., DISTRICT 759 The total costs under this authority to June 30, 1954, were $3,- 167,886. Cost andfinancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated--...... -$21, 310 $296, 800 $407, 200 $810, 400 $2, 800 $3, 167, 886 --------------- Cost................ 41,681 70,090 898,88 494,151 65, 515 3,167, 886 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT This district comprises western Wisconsin, a small western por- tion of the upper peninsula of Michigan, the major portion of Min- nesota, northern and eastern North Dakota, and small portions of northeastern South Dakota and northern and northeastern Iowa embracing the drainage basins of the Mississippi River and tribu- taries from its source to mile 614 above the mouth of the Ohio River; the Red River of the North and tributaries; those streams north of the Missouri River Basin in North Dakota; and the United States waters of the Lake of the Woods and its tributaries. That section of Mississippi River above mile 614 is included in the re- port on Mississippi River between Missouri River and Minneapolis, Minn. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Mississippi River, between the 9. Red Lake River, Minn., in- Missouri River and Min- cluding Clearwater River, neapolis, Minn. (St. Paul M inn .------- ..- .- .-. ..... ... 775 D istrict) .................. 761 10. Homme Reservoir and Dam, 2. Warroad Harbor and River, N . D ak ... ......... ........ ....... 778 M inn ..-......................-- --- . 761 11. Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill 3. Baudette Harbor, Minn .--------- _ 763 Dam, Sheyenne River, N. 4. Reservoirs at headwaters of Dak _ ............... ...... 780 ............. Mississippi River ...------- 764 12. Lake Traverse and Bois de 5. Minnesota River, Minn.._. .... 767 Sioux River, S. Dak. and 6. St. Croix River, Wis. and M inn .........- _ .... - - 782 M inn ........................................ 768 13. Mississippi River near Aitkin, 7. Inactive navigation projects.---- 770 _... ......... M inn .. 784 ......-.......... 14. Lac qui Parle Reservoir, Minnesota River, Minn .--... 785 Flood Control 15. Inactive flood control projects-. 788 16. General investigations................ 788 8. Red River of the North Drain- 17. Inspection of completed works__ 788 age Basin, Minn., S. Dak., 18. Flood control work under spe- and N. Dak ....... .. 770 789 cial authorization ................... 1. MISSISSIPPI RIVER, BETWEEN THE MISSOURI RIVER AND MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. (ST. PAUL DISTRICT) For report on this improvement, see page 741. 2. WARROAD HARBOR AND RIVER, MINN. Location. Warroad Harbor and River are at the southwestern extremity of Lake of the Woods, 36 miles west of the mouth of Rainy River. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 84, Lake of the Woods.) Existing project. Provides for dredging and maintaining a channel 8 feet deep from the landing at Warroad to deep water in the lake, the channel being 9,200 feet long, 200 feet wide within the harbor, and 300 feet wide out in the lake; for a turning basin 500 by 900 feet to a depth of 8 feet; and for a pile-brush-stone jetty on the north side of the channel extending from the shore 700 feet 761 762 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 into the lake. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake of the Woods, which is 1,056 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $439,000. The latest (1928) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Dredging bar at mouth of Warroad River ...... ----------- Specified in act. June 1: 10 } Entrance channel 300 feet wide and 7 feet deep-_. .. H. Doc. 92, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1905 Enlargement of turning basin ...........-------------------- H. Doc. 703, 61st Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Deepening to 8 feet..................... 1 Appropriation. The latest published map is opposite page 1984 in the Annual Report for 1911. Recommended modificationsof project. Under date of April 19, 1948, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the project be curtailed by reducing the channel width to 100 feet and the turning basin to 250 feet. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. A pile-and-plank wharf 80 feet in length has been provided by the village of Warroad for free use by the public. There are two commercial fish wharves 60 feet in length, not open to the public, one of which is served by a spur track. There are also a number of minor wharves. These facilities are ample for the needs of existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. One inspection was made by hired labor. Costs for the year were $22. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole is 76 percent complete. The protective jetty completed in 1910 and reconstructed as a rubble mound in 1929, is in good condition. The turning basin at the Warroad wharves was completed in 1911, and a channel 200 feet wide and 8 feet deep was completed in 1915. The controlling depth in the channel is 2.5 feet below low water datum which is 1,056 feet above mean tide level at New York, for a least width of 100 feet. Annual maintenance is necessary. The shore revetment is in need of minor repairs. The uncompleted part of the existing project consists of widen- ing the lake channel from 200 to 300 feet for a distance of 7,460 feet. The additional width is not necessary to meet present re- quirements. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $83,805 for new work and $379,929 for maintenance, a total of $463,734. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 763 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: ............ Appropriated--------------------------- ---------- ......... --------............--- ------------............ $83, 805 . Cost.-----------.. ------------ -----.------- ----------- ----------- ----- - - 83, 805 Maintenance: Appropriated ... $33, 700 -$7, 000 -$1, 810 $2, 500 ..-.------- 380, 336 Cost----------------- 42, 436 33, 543 ............ 2, 071 $22 379, 929 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project ... ............ ....... ... ................... .... $355, 195 3. BAUDETTE HARBOR, MINN. Location. The Baudette River has its source in the swamplands of northern Minnesota and flows in a northeasterly direction to Rainy River at Baudette, Minn., about 10 miles from where Rainy River empties into Lake of the Woods. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. The project provides for dredging a channel 6 feet deep and 75 feet wide extending from the mouth of Baudette River upstream a distance of about 2,000 feet with an increase in width at the inner end to form a turning basin with a maximum width of 230 feet. The project depth is referred to low water datum at Baudette, which is taken as 1,056 feet above mean tide level at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level is about 2 feet. The cost of new work for the completed project was $36,415. The latest (1945) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $800. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2,1919 Dredging - - ---------- H. Doc. 109, 63d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 ...-----. Present dimensions of channel and basin--- _ H. Doc. 109, 63d Cong., 1st sess. (Contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The village of Baudette has a timber wharf, and its use is open to all on equal terms. The State of Minnesota has constructed a boathouse and warehouse adjoining the public wharf. In addition to the foregoing, there are several privately owned small and little used wharves on both sides of the river. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The project depth of 6 feet was available in the channel on June 30, 1954. The costs were $36,415 for new work and $13,042 for mainte- nance, a total of $49,457. I 764 REPORT; OF CHIEF iOF ENGINEERS. U S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated $24, 500 $7, 391 - $36, 415 Cost .... 322 11, 20,569 .. 36,415 Maintenance: Appropriated ------ 13,042 Cost......13,042 4. RESERVOIRS AT HEADWATERS OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER Location. Reservoirs are located on the Mississippi River and several of its tributaries, in Itasca, Beltrami, Hubbard, Aitkin, Cass, and Crow Wing Counties, Minn., as follows: Outlet Area Name of reservoir Above Watershed Original Reservoir River St. (square Lake (square Paul miles) (square miles) (miles) miles) Winnibigoshish_ Mississippi ........... 408 1, 442 117 179. 4 Leech Lake__, Leech ........... ............... _ ... 410 1, 163 173 250. 9 Pokegama _- Mississippi-------- 344 1660 24 35. 0 Sandy Lake- _ Sandy ----------------- 267 421 8 16. 6 Pine River._ Pine -.-------------- 199 562 18 23. 7 Gull Lake_ - - Gull . -- 168 287 20 20. 5 1Exclusive of area controlled by Winnibigoshish and Leech Lake Dams. Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details, see page 1888 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1098 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the reconstruction of the five original reservoir dams, viz, Winnibigoshish, Leech Lake, Pokegama, Sandy Lake, and Pine River, and the construction of Gull Lake Reservoir. The cost of new work for the completed project was $881,985, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest approved (1954) estimate of cost of maintenance and operation of the reservoirs is $77,000 annually. The above dams are of solid concrete construction, Pokegama being built on bedrock and the others on pile foundations. The Sandy Lake Dam includes a lock 160 feet long, 30 feet wide, with a maximum lift of 9.5 feet and a depth of 2.5 feet on the lower sill at low water. The abandonment of the ditches to connect Long Lake to Round Lake and Round Lake to Gull Lake was recommended in House Document 413, 64th Congress, 1st session, and was ordered by Congress in the River and Harbor Act of July 27, 1916. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 765 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 For reconstruction of 4 of the 5 original dams, and surveys to determine the extent of lands over- flowed by the reservoirs. Mar. 2,1907 Reconstruction of Sandy Lake Dam and the con- struction of Gull Lake Reservoir. June 25,1910 Construction of an equalizing canal between Win- H. Doc. 363, 61st Cong., Sd seas. nibigoshish and Leech Lake Reservoirs (no work was done and this part of the project was aban- doned in the act of Mar. 4, 1915). June 26, 19341 Operation and maintenance provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. i Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. For map see page 1978, Annual: Report for 1911. Lower operating limits by regulations approved Feb. 4, 1936, and modified Dec. 29, 1944 Reservoir Minimum Reservoir Minimum stage (feet) . stage (feet). Winnibigoshish 6 Sandy Lake .... 7 Leech Lake- .0.... ..... O0 Pine River ......------ .... 9 Pokegama ..--------------------- 6 Gull Lake...----- --------------------- 5 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The reservoirs were operated according to plan and necessary repairs were made to the structures. At the beginning of the: fiscal year the reservoirs were all:;at approximate summer operating levels. Heavy rains during the first 10 days of July caused moderate rises in stages especially at Pokegama and Sandy Reservoirs. The stages had barely re- turned to normal when heavy rains again occurred during the first part of August. Flood stage was exceeded at Aitkin, Minn., and damage stages were exceeded at Pokegama and Sandy Reservoirs. It is estimated that regulation of the reservoirs reduced the crest stage at Aitkin (15.10) by about 1.5 feet. Following this flood, the reservoirs receded and normal stages were maintained until No- vember when lowering of the reservoirs was started in accordance with normal winter operating procedure. The last reservoir to be lowered was Pokegama which reached minimum operating stage during the first 10 days of April just prior to the spring breakup. Combined snow-melt and heavy rains caused flood stage to be ex- ceeded again at Aitkin (crest stage 14.7 on May 6, 1954) with dam- age stages again being exceeded at Pokegama and Sandy Reser- voirs. It is estimated that operation of the reservoirs resulted in a reduction of about 1.8 feet at Aitkin. Following this flood, the stages in the reservoirs declined to normal operating stages and so remained until the end of the fiscal year. Storage at the end of the fiscal year amounted to about 603,000 acre-feet. 766 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Mean monthly stages for the fiscal year 1 1953 1954 Reservoir July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Feet Winnibigoshish-..........10. 44 11. 12 11.25 10. 82 9. 90 9. 18 8.55 8.07 8.10 8.87 10.14 10. 66 Leech Lake.------------ 2.56 2. 58 2. 51 1.96 1.36 1.10 0.87 0.62 0.64 1.21 2.11 2. 33 ------------ Pokegama............... 9.67 10.62 9. 91 8. 98 8. 76 8. 24 7. 67 7. 54 7.00 8.43 11.39 9.10 10.01 11.49 9. 26 8. 82 8. 38 7. 72 7. 08 7. 02 7.02 8.94 Sandy Lake-----------.............. 11.69 9. 34 12. 80 13. 11 13. 20 12.35 11.22 11.68 11. 18 11.02 11.20 12. 13 Pine River-----------............... 13.02 13. 06 5.96 6.17 5.94 5.60 5.64 5.69 5.06 3.80 5.13 5.44 Gull Lake-------------................ 6. 14 6.25 1The mean monthly stage is the average of the stages on the 1st, 10th, 20th, and the last day of the month. The total costs for the year were $59,791 for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. The five dams originally built of timber have been reconstructed of concrete. A concrete dam has been constructed at Gull Lake. Three dikes at Winnibigoshish, 4 at Pokegama, 2 at Sandy Lake, and 16 at Pine River have been constructed. Flowage rights have been acquired on all lands affected by the construction, maintenance, and operation of the reservoirs. Structures are in fair condition except for aprons at three sites. Previous projects Existing projects Capacity at maximum Total cost Reservoir stage (cubic Com- Cost Comrn Cost feet) pleted pleted Winnibigoshish.... -- 42, 163, 000, 000 1884 _---..... $214, 000 1900 $173, 470 $387,470 Leech Lake..-------------32, 379, 000, 000 1884 171, 805 1902 84, 380 256,185 Pokegama..------..........----------.... 5, 260, 000, 000 1884 85, 000 1904 126, 030 211, 030 Sandy Lake--------------.................. 3, 158, 000, 000 1895 114, 000 1909 117, 020 231, 020 Pine River----------.................----- 7, 733, 000, 000 1886 97, 000 1907 133,320 230,320 Gull Lake--------. -------- 3, 085, 000,000-------------- 1913 ..........-----............- 86, 826 86, 826 160,939 160, 939 Surveys and flowage rights...............-------------------------------............................... Total, new work--------------------- 681,805 .. .... 881,985 1,563, 790 Total operating and care--------------------------100,857 ---------- . .. 825, 466 926,323 Permanent indefinite appro- priation for operating and care, Feb. 1, 1895, to end of fiscal year 1936.......-------...----------------...--..-------.......------------...... 967, 197 967, 167 Total--------------93, 778, 000, 000---------- .......... 782, 662 ---------- 2, 674, 648 3, 457, 310 The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $1,707,452, being $881,985 for new work and $825,466 for oper- ating and care. In addition, the sum of $967,197 was expended between February 1, 1895, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the per- manent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. RIVERS AND HARBORS--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 767 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,1 includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ -- -- -- $1, 563, 790 Cost . -------------------------------- 1,563,790 Maintenance:$, Appropriated_...._ _ $292, 000 -$98, 300 $37, 000 $71, 100 $54, 000 1, 906, 030 Cost_-----...... ._ 164, 216 62, 996 76, 894 66, 112 59, 791 1,893, 521 Includes $681,805 for new work and $100,857 for maintenance from previous project. 5. MINNESOTA RIVER, MINN. Location. This river rises in Big Stone Lake, Minn. and S. Dak., and flows southeasterly about 224 miles to Mankato, Minn., thence northeasterly about 106 miles to join the Mississippi River opposite St. Paul, Minn. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of August 11, 1888, and July 13, 1892. For fur- ther details, see page 1890 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1105 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for open-channel improvement from the Mississippi River to Shakopee (25.6 miles) to obtain a channel with 4 feet of water from the Mississippi River to Shako- pee, which will accommodate vessels of 3-foot draft. The cost for new work for the completed project was $12,730, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $2,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (p. 2209 of the Annual Report for 1891). The latest published map will be found on page 1574 of the Annual Report for 1888. Local cooperation. None required under the existing project. Local interests on March 27, 1942, requested that the section of the channel between the mouth and Savage, Minn., mile 13.2, be dredged to a depth of 9 feet, and the Secretary of War under au- thority contained in section 4 of the River and Harbor Act ap- proved March 4, 1915, authorized acceptance of a total of $139,- 670.91 as local contribution to defray costs of dredging in excess of the authorized 4-foot project depth. Terminal facilities. At Port Cargill, mile 13.1, Cargill, Inc., owns and operates a launching ways, a dock 650 feet in length with warehouse adjacent, with additional mooring space 1,300 feet in length and has facilities for loading grain and vegetable oils and receipt of coal. Northern States Power Co. is operating a terminal for the receipt of coal on the left bank at mile 9.0. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys and snagging were carried on by hired labor at a cost for the year of $1,905. Sig 25--767-798 76$ REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1931. Additional channel dredging (see "Local coopera- tion"), completed in July 1943, provides: A channel with minimum depth of 9 feet and a width of 100 feet from the mouth to Port Cargill, mile 13.1, except that the 9-foot depth is restricted to a width of 74 feet at the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Rail- road bridge mile 1.6; and a launching basin at Port Cargill, near Savage, Minn., with depths up to 20 feet. Depths in this reach greater than project depth are not dependable. Navigation was practicable from Port Cargill, mile 13.1, to Shakopee for drafts not in excess of 3 feet. The total costs and expenditures under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $92,688, being $12,731 for new work and $79,957 for maintenance. In addition, the cost and expenditure from contributed funds was $139,671 for new work dredging to a depth of 9 feet, under the provisions of section 4 of the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1915. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,1 includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19502 New work: Appropriated. -------- -- 130, 273 $----- Cost.----------- -------- ------- ----------------- --------- 130, 273 Maintenance: Apprppriated - $4, 000 -$3,856 -__----_-- $3, 400 $2, 500 81, 080 Cost------------ -- 1,263 2, 063 ......---.. 2, 873 1,905 79,958 1 Includes $117,542 for new work for previous project. 2 In addition $139,671 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 6. ST. CROIX RIVER, WIS. AND MINN. Location. The source of the river is in northwestern Wiscon- sin. It is about 164 miles long and for its greater part forms the boundary between Wisconsin and Minnesota. It flows southwest- erly and then southerly into the Mississippi River at Prescott, Wis., 41.7 miles below the Northern Pacific Railway bridge, Minneapolis, Minn. The portion included in this improvement extends from the mouth to Taylors Falls, Minn., a distance of 51.8 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota, scale 1:500,000, for general location.) Existing project. This provides for the maintenance of a chan- nel, 9 feet in depth and of suitable width from the mouth to Still- water, Minn., 24.5 miles, created by the improvement of the upper Mississippi River; a channel 3 feet deep at mean low water, be- tween Stillwater and Taylors Falls (27.3 miles) ; improvement of the ihrbor and water front at 'StilIwater; and a small boat harbor at Hudson, Wisconsin. $256,000. The estimate of cost of new work, revised in 1954, is Tie ,latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of inainte- nance for that portion of the project between the mouth an Still- wateris $10,000. The latest autho'ization (1954) for maiitea ice work on the reach between Stillwater and Taylors Falls is limited to an expenditure of not to exceed $5,000 per year. RIVERS AND HARBORS-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 769 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 18, 1878 Dredging, etc., for a 3-foot channel between the H. Ex. Doc. 75, pt. 6, 43d Cong., mouth and Taylors Falls. 2d sess.; Annual Report 1875, 372. p. 372. June 3,1896 Harbor and waterfront at Stillwater_ _ Jan. 21, 1927 A 6-foot channel to Stillwater -------------------H. Doc. 378, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 The 9-foot channel from the mouth to Stillwater . H. Doc. 184, 72d Cong., 1st sess. May 17,1950 Small-boat harbor at Hudson .------------------- H. Doc. 184, 81st Cong., 1st sess. The latest published map is in House Document 462, 71st Con- gress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Local interests for Hudson Harbor are re- quired to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction of the project; (3) provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, access roads, parking and storage areas, moor- ing facilities, and utilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms; and (4) establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of the harbor facilities with the understanding that such facilities shall be open to all. on equal terms. Local interests have not been formally re- quested to furnish assurances. Terminal facilities. At Stillwater there is a concrete paved levee, 550 feet long and 40 feet wide, sloping from the top of the riverbank to the water. There is also a piling and timber trestle wharf on the right bank, of which 276 feet is dock and 96 feet ap- proach. At other points along the river, landing may be made on the banks. Facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging was ac- complished at miles 6.4 and 16.7 and condition surveys and mis- cellaneous inspections and reports: were carried on, all by hired labor at a cost of $27,530. Conditionat end of fiscal year. All new work was completed in 1930 except the authorized harbor at Hudson. The extension to provide a 9-foot channel from the mouth to Stillwater was com- pleted on August 12, 1938, when full pool at dam No. 3 of the Mis- sissippi River canalization project was reached. The minimum draft from Stillwater to Taylors Falls is about 1 foot at extreme low water; from mouth to Stillwater, 9 feet. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $339,020, being $150,410 for new work and $188,611 for maintenance. 770 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- - _ _ - - -- ---- $150, 410 Cost- _- -- - - 150, 410 Maintenance: Appropriated --- _-_ $9, 100 $3, 186 - $3, 600 $26, 000 188, 640 C ost. 7, 283 5,003 -_. ...- 2, 041 27, 530 188, 611 7. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report, June 30, 1954 amount see required Name of project Annual to Report Con- Operation complete for- struction and maintenance 1. Mississippi and Leech Rivers, Minn.'-_- ..... 1929 $277, 615 $40, 251 Completed. 2. Red River of the North, Minn. and N. Dak._ 2 1921 293, 344 76, 209 3. Mississippi River between Brainerd and 1925 47, 794 3, 891 Grand Rapids, Minn.' 4. Lake Traverse, Minn. and S. Dak.' 4 5. Red L ake and Red La k e Riv er, M inn.' 6. Wisconsin River, 7 Wis.' - -6--.........---- -_- - _- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1921 1923 1888 1950 92 9, 070 67, 585 - -- ---------- - $10, 400 7. Black River Wis. ............. - 8. Zippel Bay arbor, Minn.- -------------- 1928 27, 900 11, 139 67, 100 1No commerce reported. 2 Abandonment recommended in 1915 (H. Doc. 1666, 63d Cong., 3d sess.) and June 24, 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 'Abandonment recommended June 24, 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.) ' Abandonment recommended in 1915 (H. Doc. 439, 64th Cong., 1st sess.) and June 24, 1926, (H. Doe. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess). s Originally included in project "Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, Wis." Abandonment of improvement of Wisconsin River by channel contraction works recommended in 1886-87 (H. Ex. Doc. 65, 49th Cong., 2d sess.). 6 Expenditures included under project "Fox and Wisconsin Rivers, Wis." No breakdown available. ?Channel adequate for existing commerce. 8. RED RIVER OF THE NORTH DRAINAGE BASIN, MINN., S. DAK., AND N. DAK. Location. The Red River of the North Basin, within the United States, includes the northeastern corner of South Dakota and much of eastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. The Red River of the North, formed by the confluence of the Otter Tail and Bois de Sioux Rivers, flows northward through this region, forming the boundary between North Dakota and Minnesota. (For general location of the basin, see the U. S. Geological Survey maps of the States of Minnesota and North Dakota.) Previous projects. Other flood control projects on tributaries FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 771 of the Red River of the North, coordinated with but not a part of this project, are as follows: Name of project Authorization Status Lake Traverse and Bois de Sioux River, S. Dak. and Minn_ Flood Control Act Placed in operation approved June 22, in 1942.1 1936. Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill Dam, Sheyenne River, N. Dak Flood Control Act Placed in operation approved Dec. 22, in 1951.1 1944. Red Lake River, Minn., including Clearwater River, Minn_ do- --- Substantially 1 com- pleted. Homme Reservoir and Dam (Park River), N. Dak ....... __do- Placed in operation in 1951.1 Pembina River Reservoir, N. Dak___________ ddo---- - --... Planning suspended. Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak ... do Do. 1 Complete report on these projects may be found elsewhere in the report of this district. Improvements for navigation in the basin were authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 14, 1867 Dredging and removal of obstructions in the Red Inactive,. Abandonment recom- River of the North from Breckenridge, Minn., to mended in 1915 (H. D. 1666-63-3) the international boundary. and June 24, 1926 (H. D. 467-69- 1). For last full report, see Annual Report for 1923. June 3,1896 Amends above act to include improvements on Red Inactive. For last full report, see Lake River between Red Lake and Thief River Annual Report for 1923. Falls, Minn. July 25, 1912 Improvement of Lake Traverse by construction of a Never undertaken. Abandonment channel between the upper and lower basins. recommended in 1915 (H. D. 439- 64-1) and June 24, 1926 (H. D. 467-69-1). For last full report, see Annual Report for 1921. Existing project. The project includes improvements for local protection in the interest of flood control and major drainage to be accomplished by channel improvement, levees, etc., in addition to the construction of a multiple purpose reservoir on Otter Tail River to control floods and, in conjunction with the previously authorized Federal reservoir projects at Baldhill site of the Sheyenne River and at Red Lake, to increase low flows for water supply and pollu- tion abatement. The units in the comprehensive basin plan are as follows: 772 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Total esti- Name of unit State Type mated (1954) Fed- eral cost Orwell Reservoir (Otter Tail River) ... Minnesota_ Reservoir ---- ...-------- I $1, 889, 000 Sheyenne River.... ..------------------- North Dakota ......... Channel improvement__ ,934, 000 Wild Rice and Marsh Rivers . _-----Minnesota _ _ do -- __-------- - 424, 000 Rush River .... _ .......... - ....... North Dakota ----... ......... do- - -- - 598, 000 Sand Hill River...------------------- Minnesota ....... _ - --- do------------------ 772, 000 Mustinka River- .............. Maple River.---------- _-----..... ..... do ----------- North Dakota_ -- -- do ------------------ do 439, 000 1, 260, 000 O tter Tail River- - - _ _ M innesota -------------..... do _ 170, 000 Bois de Sioux and Red Rivers at Wah- Minnesota and North ..... do -- ------- -....- 624, 000 peton-Breckenridge. Dakota. Red River at Grand Forks-East Grand -_ .do--------------- Levees and floodwall .- 2, 340, 000 Forks. Red River at Fargo-Moorhead -- - - do--................. Channel improvement2,2, 750, 000 levees. Total estimated cost - ---- 12 200, 000 'Includes $182,000 for lands. Estimated (1954) annual cost of maintenance (operating and care) for this unit is $8,800. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, which authorized the appropriation of funds for the partial accomplishment of the plan. The Flood Control Act of 1950 authorized completion of the plan. The latest published map is in the project document (H. Doc. 185, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. The improvements, with the exception of the proposed Orwell Reservoir on the Otter Tail River, are subject to the conditions that local interests will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent main- tenance of the project, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of those works; (3) maintain the channels after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (4) make at their own expense all nec- essary changes to utilities, highways, and bridges, including ap- proaches. No local cooperation is required in connection with the proposed reservoir on the Otter Tail River. Immediately following authorization of the basin project, local interests from the entire basin signified their desire that construc- tion of Orwell Reservoir be given first priority. At a subsequent meeting of the Tri-State Waters Commission with representatives from the three States involved and local interests, a priority was established for the local flood-protection units authorized in the basin project. Actual priority has depended largely upon ability of local interests to fulfill local cooperation requirements. Local interests for the Otter Tail and Rush River units were for- mally requested to furnish assurances on August 7, 1950, and January 26, 1954, respectively. Local interests for other units have not been formally advised in writing of the requirements of local cooperation. However, assurances have been furnished as FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MNN, DISTRICT 773 follows with dates of approval indicated: Wild Rice-Marsh, De- cember 30, 1949; Mustinka, June 16, 1950; Sand Hill, January 9, 1950; Otter Tail, October 27, 1950; and Grand Forks, July 23, 1953. Those for the Rush have been submitted for approval. Local in- terests at East Grand Forks state that they are unable to furnish assurances at this time. Lands required for construction on the Wild Rice, Marsh, Otter Tail and Mustinka Rivers and at Grand Forks have been furnished. Those on the Rush have been acquired by local interests and rights-of-entry will be furnished the Govern- ment after approval of assurances. The completed Wild Rice River improvements were formally transferred to local interests effective on August 1, 1952. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning was carried on for the Sand Hill and Rush Rivers and Grand Forks improvements. Detailed planning was continued for Fargo-Moor- head improvements. Miscellaneous designs and public contacts were carried on for other units. Work leading to final action on acquisition of lands for Orwell Reservoir was continued. Contracts for channel improvements on the Marsh and Otter Tail Rivers were completed. The contract for bulkheads at Orwell Dam was con- tinued. Contracts were awarded for Mustinka River and Grand Forks improvements and were brought to 21 percent and 14 percent completion, respectively. A relocation agreement was consum- mated with the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad for its bridge over the Mustinka River, and alterations have been completed. According to plan the Orwell pool was in the process of being lowered at the beginning of the fiscal year. The pool continued to be drawn down during July, reading 1047.5 by the 28th where it was held until the end of August. Excessive rainfall occurred in the upper lake region the last 4 or 5 days of August resulting in an inflow into the Reservoir averaging 500-600 second-feet lasting through November. The outflow was regulated to provide protec- tion to Wahpeton causing the pool to reach elevation 1053.5 by the 6th of September. On September 18, the outflow was adjusted to allow the pool to fill before the freezeup. Full pool (elevation 1070.0) was reached by October 26, 1953, and was held throughout November. Beginning about December 1, 1953, the outflow was adjusted to draw the pool down to elevation 1048.0 prior to the spring breakup. The drawdown was accomplished by March 15, 1954. :Inflow increased about this time and on four separate occa- sions before the end of the fiscal year, runoff was stored in the reservoir to prevent damages downstream, especially at Wahpeton, North Dakota. The final rise was caused by heavy rainfall during the period May 31 to June 19, 1954, and resulted in the highest stage (elevation 1059.74 on June 16) reached in the pool following the breakup. By the end of the fiscal year, the pool had been drawn down to elevation 1050.0, 2 feet above minimum pool elevation. Costs for new work for the fiscal year were as follows: 774 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Unit Costs O rwell R eservoir- ------ . . -. -. . . . . . . . - . ........ ....... ....... ........ $68, 220 Sheyenne R iver ... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - W ild Rice and Marsh Rivers -.---- ---- ---- ---- --- --- ---- -- ---------------- 107, 999 R ush R iver ----------------------------------- ----......... . . .--. ---- - - 4, 419 Sand Hill River .-. . . . . . . . .. - 21, 808 Mustinka River ---------------- _ ------ 84, 453 Maple River - - . 672 672--------------- Otter Tail River- - - 90, 504 Wahpeton-Breckenridge---------------------------------------------- - 201 Grand Forks-East Grand Forks -.............................. . . 112, 063 Fargo-Moorhead.----------------- .----------- - - - - - -- - 29, 769 Total Red River of the North 520, 108 Cost of work by classes: Advanced planning, including designs, $122,253; land acquisition, $5,427; construction of channel im- provements, $275,145; levees and interior drainage, $62,800; re- locations, $1,126; other, $53,357. Costs by hired labor, $125,185; by contract, $394,923. In addition, costs for operation and main- tenance of Orwell Dam were $17,549. Total costs for the year were $537,657. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans for Orwell, Wild Rice-Marsh, Sheyenne, Mustinka, Rush, Sand Hill, Otter Tail, and Grand Forks-East Grand Forks features have been completed, and are 96 percent and 50 percent complete, respectively, for Fargo- Moorhead and Wahpeton-Breckenridge features. Designs have been completed for Orwell Dam, Wild Rice-Marsh, Otter Tail, Mus- tinka, and Grand Forks features, and are in progress for the Rush and Sand Hill portions of the project. A total of 1,985 acres of land has been acquired. Channel improvement on the Wild Rice River was started in August 1950 and completed in July 1952. The Or- well Reservoir feature was initiated in May 1951 and was sub- stantially completed in June 1953. Closure of the dam was made in August 1952 and the dam was placed in operation in the spring of 1953. Channel improvements on the Otter Tail River were initiated in January 1953 and were completed in June 1954. Con- tracts for Marsh River channel improvements were initiated in October 1953 and completed in June 1954. The project as a whole is 28 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes completion of minor work at Orwell, and improvements on Sand Hill, Rush, Sheyenne, and Maple Rivers, and at East Grand Forks, Fargo- Moorhead, and Wahpeton-Breckenridge, as well as completion of contracts in progress. FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 775 Total costs to June 30, 1954, for new work are as follows; Unit Costs Orwell Reservoir ................................... $1, 869, 757 ..-----------------------------------------------------. Sheyenne River--------- ------------ ------------------ ------------- ------- 31, 613 Wild Rice-Marsh Rivers ....... .....-------------------------------------------------------400, 949 Rush River -... 25, 135 ...------------------------------------------------------- Sand Hill River .... ...--------------------------------------------------------------- 64, 582 Mustinka River...------ -------------------------------------------------------- 154, 059 Maple River --- ----------------------------------. ------------- ------------------- 1, 054 Otter Tail River _..----..-- - --------------------------------------------..------. 168, 496 Wahpeton-Breckenridge --------------------- ------------------------------------ 9, 240 Grand Forks-East Grand Forks------------------------------------------- ... 223, 941 F ar go- M oor h ead . . .. . ... .... _. . 80 , 9 2 7 Total Red River of the North ---------------------------------------------- ............. 3, 029, 753 Costs to June 30, 1954, for operation and maintenance of Orwell Dam are $26,197. Total costs for the project to date are $3,055,950. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated _.._ _ $1,547,898 -_ $700, 000 $622, 000 1$455, 000 1 $3, 521,100 Cost. - 190, 257 $335, 787 1,031, 164 828,905 520, 108 3,029, 753 Maintenance: Appropriated _ -_ 9,450 16,900 26, 350 Cost_ --.. . ---------- 8,648 17,549 26,197 I Exclusive of $265,000 loan returned to Aitkin project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $280,975 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ -300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ - 580,975 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ - 6,805,700 9. RED LAKE RIVER, MINN., INCLUDING CLEARWATER RIVER, MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along the upper reach of the Red Lake River and also along the Clearwater River, a tributary of the Red Lake River, between a point near Plummer, Minn., and a point just above the mouth of Ruffy Brook. Red Lake River, the principal tributary of the Red River of the North, has its source at the outlet of Lower Red Lake in the northwestern por- tion of Minnesota and has a total length of about 196 river miles. It flows in a westerly direction to its junction with the Red River of the North at East Grand Forks, Minn. The meandering length of the Clearwater River in its general westerly course from its source near Ebro, Minn., to its junction with the Red Lake River at Red Lake Falls, Minn., is about 205 miles. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota.) Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement: Rectification and enlargement of 27.5 miles of the channel of the Red Lake River so as to provide sufficient channel capacity throughout the reach between river mile 154.3 near High Landing, Minn., and a point 4.5 miles east of the west 776 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 boundary of the Indian Reservation, and the reach from the ioutlet of Lower Red Lake to a point 3.2 miles westerly thereof; modifica- tion of the existing stop-log structure, which was constructed at the outlet of Lower Red Lake by the Indian Service, so as to provide for the installation of three hand operated lift gates, and one stop- log bay; raising 6.9 miles of highway at west end of Lower Red Lake to prevent overtopping; and rectification, clearing, and en- largement of 47.3 miles of the channel of the Clearwater River so as to provide sufficient channel capacity between river mile 31.8 at Plummer, Minn., and mile 79.1 upstream from the mouth of Ruffy Brook. The channel improvements eliminate a large percentage of the flood damages resulting from overflow of the rivers and pro- vide adequate channels in Red Lake and Clearwater Rivers to carry the discharge from drainage ditches. Modification of the existing control works at the outlet of Lower Red Lake provides for a dis- charge capacity of 1,000 cubic feet per second through the struc- ture when the lake is at normal elevation (1,174) and will insure the release of sufficient water to provide water supply and pollution abatement benefits to municipalities along Red Lake River, and along the Red River of the North below the mouth of Red Lake River. The estimated cost to the United States for new work, revised in 1954, is $2,786,000. The approved (1954) estimated annual cost to the United States for maintenance is $10,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 345, 78th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condi- tions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will, without cost to the United States, provide all flowage easements and rights-of-way; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction works and operation; make a cash contribution of $33,220 in lieu of altering bridges; take over the maintenance and subse- quent replacement of all bridges improved by the United States; maintain the improved river channels; control the contamination by rural areas and villages without sewer systems of Red Lake, Clearwater, and Thief Rivers; require that municipalities which discharge sewage into Red Lake, Clearwater, or Thief River treat their sewage before discharge into the streams so as to effect a reduction in the biochemical oxygen demand of not less than 85 percent for towns of 1,000 population or greater and of 35 percent for municipalities having a population of less than 1,000; and pre- vent the construction of any new dams or the raising of any exist- ing dams in Red Lake, Clearwater, or Thief Rivers downstream from Lower Red Lake, Clearwater Lake, or Mud Lake unless au- thorized by the Department of the Army. An existing drainage district reorganized by order of court has voluntarily furnished all assurances except those on pollution which were furnished by the Minnesota Water Pollution Control Com- mission. All of these assurances were accepted October 3, 1947. A contribution of $33,220 was received from local interests in July 1948, however, alteration of the River Valley Bridge was performed FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 777 by local interests and $3,200 was refunded to them in July 1953 for that work. All rights-of-way and easements outside the Indian reservation have been acquired by the Red Lake Drainage and Conservancy District as local agency, and permit to the Government for con- struction has been granted. On October 22, 1947, the Red Lake Indian Council adopted a resolution authorizing the Office of Indian Affairs, Interior De- partment, to carry out necessary transfer of authority to the Department of the Army. The Indian Council passed another resolution on October 28, 1948, which indicated the council's desire for preservation of marsh areas within the reservation. Upon further study, the council on April 17, 1949, revised their resolu- tion of October 28, 1948, in favor of a modified plan within the reservation. On December 2, 1949, the Acting Secretary of the Interior authorized construction work along the Red Lake River right-of-way within the reservation, subject to certain conditions and subject to formal application for necessary easements and rights-of-way. Formal application was forwarded to the Secre- tary of the Interior on February 10, 1950. As it was construed by the Acting Secretary of the Interior that existing resolutions did not cover the Clearwater River, a new resolution dated February 19, 1950, was secured from the Tribal Council specifically including work along the Clearwater River. All completed portions of the projects except the outlet struc- ture, the control structures on Butcher Knife Creek, and the weir on the Red Lake River within the Indian Reservation have been formally transferred to local interests, and the transferred portions were accepted on March 29, 1954. Operations and results during fiscal year. Design was contin- ued by hired labor. A contract for stage 3 channel improvement on the Clearwater River was completed. A contract for snagging and clearing from the lower end of the channel excavation to Plummer, Minn. on the Clearwater River was awarded but work has not been initiated. Some minor work was accomplished by hired labor. Excavation under the River Valley bridge was accom- plished by contract and alteration of the structure was completed by local interests. At the beginning of the fiscal year, Red Lake was at normal elevation, 1174.0. Only small fluctuations in stages occurred throughout the entire fiscal year. The low stage, elevation 1173.3, occurred during November 1953; the high stage, elevation 1174.70, occurred June 18, 1954. Little difficulty was encountered down- stream inasmuch as discharges were regulated in the range from 175 to 500 second-feet throughout the entire year. Costs for the year for new work were $13,076, United States funds as follows: Design, engineering, etc., $5,656; channel im- provements, $11,754; other construction, -$4,334. Cost by hired labor, $9,818; by contract, $3,258. Costs for the year for operation and care were $6,461. Total costs for the fiscal year were $19,537. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans and flowage surveys are completed; plans and specifications are substantially completed. Construction was initiated in February 1948, on the 778 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Red Lake River, and in October 1948, on the Clearwater River. All channel improvement on the Red Lake River and all excavation on the Clearwater River have been completed. About 6,576,700 cubic yards of material have been removed under the seven contracts embracing this work. The project was substantially completed in June 1953, only minor work remaining to be done. Operation of the Red Lake Dam was taken over by the Department of the Army from the Department of the Interior, Office of Indian Affairs, on April 1, 1951. Channels are in good condition and have indicated the effectiveness of the project. Project as a whole is 99 percent complete. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1954, was $2,- 779,260, of which $2,749,240 were Federal funds and $30,020 were contributed funds. Cost of operation and care was $14,382. Total costs were $2,793,642. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years New work: Appropriated------ .... $718, 400 $229, 100 - $40, 000 $2, 795,000 Cost--------------- 579,252 546,192 $699,621 $280,077 13,076 2,749,240 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- 5,000 -2,000 2,120 4,000 6,100 15, 220 Cost---..........-- --- -- ------. 792 3,545 3,584 6,461 14,382 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $35, 835 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 195 ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--- $3,200 $30,020 Cost -. $20,682 -- - $3,200 -- --30,020 10. HOMME RESERVOIR AND DAM, N. DAK. Location. The dam site is located on the South Branch of the Park River, about 4 miles upstream from Park River, N. Dak., and 62.1 miles above the mouth of the Park River. South, Middle, and North Branches, the headwater streams of the Park River, rise in Cavalier County in northeastern North Dakota and flow in an easterly direction to an almost common confluence near Grafton, N. Dak., forming the main stream which flows easterly 35 miles to join the Red River of the North about 35 miles south of the inter- national boundary. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of North Dakota.) Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement: An earthfill dam, having a height of about 67 feet above the streambed and a length of 865 feet; a 5-foot in- side diameter concrete conduit under the dam, with control gates located in tower at upstream end; and a spillway adjacent to the dam with 150-foot crest at an elevation of 19 feet below the darn FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 779 crest and a chute with a bottom width of 150 feet. Partial flood control protection is afforded by the reservoir of 7,100 acre-feet capacity which is created by the dam, and the reservoir storage capacity of 3,650 acre-feet below spillway crest (1,080) is used to provide a flow of about 5 second-feet in the river to meet the water conservation needs in the reach from the dam to Grafton, N. Dak. In addition, a 16-inch cast-iron pipe water supply outlet through the dam has been provided at the request of local interests with payment by them. The estimated cost to the United States for new work revised in 1954 is $1,339,000. The (1954) estimated annual cost of mainte- nance is $9,500. The project was authorized as "Park River Reservoir" by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (S. Doc. 194, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) and was redesignated "Homme Reservoir and Dam" by Public Law 435, 80th Congress, 2d session, approved March 5, 1948. The latest published map is contained in the proj- ect document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condi- tions that local interests make a cash contribution of $40,000 toward the construction cost, and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; make necessary changes in roads, bridges, and utilities; maintain the channel below the res- ervoir; hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; limit future construction of dams below the reservoir; and prevent the discharge of raw sewage into the river by municipalities. Provisions of local cooperation have been complied with. Operation and results during fiscal year. Minor engineering work was accomplished by hired labor. The structure was oper- ated and necessary repairs were made by hired labor. At the beginning of the fiscal year, the pool was at elevation 1064.0, 16.0 feet below full pool elevation. In order to extend the available storage for water supply at downstream points for as long a period as possible, an outflow of 0.5 second-foot was maintained until the latter part of August. At that time requests for addi- tional water from downstream points resulted in increasing the outflow to 3 second-feet which in turn was maintained until the pool was filled to elevation 1080.0 on June 9, 1954. With a con- tinued rise in stage, the overflow over the spillway caused a crest discharge of about 200 second-feet on June 14. By the end of the fiscal year, the pool had dropped to 1080.0 and the discharge to about 3 second-feet. Costs for the year for new work were $3,031 for engineering by hired labor. Costs of operation and maintenance for the year were $9,171. Total costs for the year were $12,202. Condition at end of fiscal year. Design and construction of the project are completed, except for remaining construction of public- use facilities most of which has been deferred indefinitely. Con- struction was initiated in April 1948, and major structures were completed in May 1951. The project as a whole is 98 percent com- 780 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 plete. Structures are: in good condition. The total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1954, was $1,363,846, of which $1,307,626 were Federal funds and $56,220 were contributed funds. Cost of operation and maintenance was $22,735. Total cost for all work was $1,386,581. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated - - - $277, 902 -$55, 288 $77, 500 i 2 $1, 339, 000 Cost_--- 380,696 248, 175 98,797 $46, 462 $3, 031 1,307, 626 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 4, 500 31300 2, 400 3,800 11,200 25, 200 Cost .. . . .. ____________ 2, 303 4,664 6,597 9,171 22, 735 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ 2 $31,386 1 In addition $56,220 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Including $29,900 in OCE reserve. 11. LAKE ASHTABULA AND BALDHILL DAM, SHEYENNE RIVER, N. DAK. Location. The Baldhill Dam site is located on the Sheyenne River, 16 miles upstream from Valley City, N. Dak., and about 271 miles above the mouth. The Sheyenne River rises in central North Dakota and flows 500 miles generally southeast to enter the Red River of the North about 10 miles north of Fargo, N. Dak. (For general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of North Dakota.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam, having a height of about 61 feet above the streambed and a total length of 1,650 feet, with a con- crete spillway-control section consisting of a concrete gravity ogee section with overall length, including piers, of 140 feet. The crest is at elevation 1,252 and is surmounted by three standard design Tainter gates each 40 feet long and top elevation at 1,267. A gate- controlled 3-foot diameter conduit has been provided in each of the two center piers. The dam creates a reservoir of 70,700 acre-feet capacity and controls the runoff from an effective drainage area of 1,988 square miles, thereby providing a substantial degree of flood control to the cities, villages, and urban areas along the Sheyenne River and providing substantial water supply and pollution abate- ment for the section of the Sheyenne River below the dam and the section of the Red River of the North below the mouth of the Shevenne River. In order that a part of the regulated flow may be available for water supply and pollution abatement in the Red River of the North at Fargo, N. Dak., the plan also provides for the construction of a low diversion dam in the Sheyenne River 35 miles above the mouth, and a short ditch leading thence to the existing Stanley ditch, the latter to be cleared and deepened to the Red River of the North which it enters about 9 miles above Fargo. The estimated cost (1954) to the United States for new work is $2,653,000. The estimated annual cost (1954) for maintenance is $30.000 for operating and care of the Baldhill Dam. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 781 December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 193, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. The reservoir above Baldhill Dam has been designated as Lake Ashtabula by Public Law 772, 81st Congress, 2d session, approved September 8, 1950. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condi- tion that no funds shall be expended on construction of the project until local interests have contributed $208,000 toward the first cost of the reservoir and until responsible local agencies have given assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will (1) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- struction works; (2) bear the expense of all necessary alterations of utilities, roads, highways, and bridges; (3) construct, operate, and maintain the Fargo diversion dam and diversion ditch im- provements in accordance with plans and regulations to be ap- proved by the Secretary of War; (4) maintain the channels below the reservoir in satisfactory condition for the flow of water re- leased from storage, to include the prevention of encroachments on the carrying capacity of the channel- which would unduly interfere with the conveyance of floodwater; and (5) establish and enforce suitable regulations to prevent pollution of the waters of Sheyenne River. Provisions of local cooperation have been complied with except for construction of the Fargo diversion dam and ditch, assurances for which, furnished by the city of Fargo, were approved by the Secretary of War on June 26, 1947. Plans for this feature are sub- stantially complete. Operations and results during fiscal year. Designs were car- ried on by hired labor. Construction of gantry crane was com- pleted by contract. Contracts for two stages of fencing and tree planting in the reservoir area were in progress. A contract for construction of an access road to a recreation area was awarded and brought to 80 percent completion. Structures were operated as re.quired and necessary repairs made by hired labor. The reservoir was full (elevation 1266.0) at the beginning of the fiscal year. Inasmuch as normal weather conditions occurred, operation according to plan was carried out throughout the year. Except for the period August 1-16, 1953, when the discharge was reduced to zero to facilitate repair work by the State of North Dakota on a small dam downstream, a discharge of about 15 sec- ond-feet was maintained until December 13, 1953, for water supply and pollution abatement. On December 14, the discharge was increased to 60 second-feet to provide storage for the spring runoff. This discharge was maintained until spring breakup and resulted in lowering the reservoir to elevation 1263.4, assuring ample capacity for the small runoff anticipated. The reservoir was filled to normal elevation (1266.0) on June 22 following heavy rains and the outflow was increased to about 500 second-feet during the last week in June 1954, thus maintaining a full reservoir. The reser- vqir discharges include withdrawals, varying up to 5 second-feet, by 'the U. S: Fish and Wildlife Service for operation of their fish- Thring ponds immediately below the dam. Reservoir levels main- 782 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tained during the summer season were very satisfactory from the recreational standpoint with the total fluctuation below full pool being less than 0.7 foot. Costs for the year for new work were $23,733, being $5,783 for designs and $17,950 for miscellaneous construction. Costs by con- tract, $17,950; by hired labor, $5,783. Costs for the year for operation and maintenance were $47,560. Total costs for the year were $71,293. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary planning, includ- ing designs and master plan for public-use facilities, is substan- tially complete. Land acquisition for the project, including acqui- sition of 7,816.5 acres in fee and easements on 666.2 acres, has been completed. Construction was initiated in July 1947 and major features were completed in November 1950. The dam was placed in emergency operation in April 1950 and in permanent operation in the spring of 1951. Structures are in good condition. Completion of work presently under contract will complete the project except for minor items and construction of additional public-use facilities, which has been indefinitely deferred. Total costs of new work to June 30, 1954, were $2,834,732, being $2,626,732 Federal funds and $208,000 contributed funds. Total costs of operation and maintenance were $125,438. Total costs for all work were $2,960,170. Cost and f[nancial summnary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated. ... _ _ $310,000 $318, 650 -... . . $2,653, 150 Cost..ce: . _ 523,053 162, 741 $144, 532 $67,746 $23,733 2,626, 732 Maintenance: Appropriated ----- __ 5.500 35, 350 17, 200 20,650 46,900 125,600 Cost ----------------- 338 35,563 21,210 20,767 47,560 125,438 1In addition $208,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ______ _ $13,298. 17 12. LAKE TRAVERSE AND BOIS DE SIOUX RIVERS, S. DAK. AND MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along Lake Traverse and Bois de Sioux River between the upper end of Lake Traverse at Browns Valley, Minn., and the mouth of Bois de Sioux River at Breckenridge, Minn. The lake drains through the river to the Red River of the North, and the two waters form a portion of the boundary between the State of Minnesota and the States of North and South Dakota. For general location, see United States Geological Survey map of Minnesota. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for use of Lake Traverse as a flood control and water conservation reservoir and for channel improvement in the river below the lake. It in- cludes construction of a dam near White Rock, S. Dak., at the north end of Lake Traverse, a structure at the Reservation Highway FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 783 crossing for control of the upper section of the reservoir, levees, and embankments necessary near Browns Valley, Minn., and chan- nel improvement of approximately 24 miles of the Bois de Sioux River from the outlet of Lake Traverse northward toward Breck- enridge, Minn. The dam near White Rock, S. Dak., consists of a control section with concrete abutments, piers, and stilling basin and 3 Tainter gates, each 13 feet wide by 16 feet deep between two sections of rolled-fill embankment with a total length of approxi- mately 14,550 feet from high ground on the Minnesota side to high ground on the South Dakota side. This dam supplemented by channel improvement of the Bois de Sioux River downstream and an embankment approximately 5,000 feet long at the south end of Lake Traverse for the protection of Browns Valley, Minn., consti- tutes the flood control feature of the project. The structure at Reservation Highway crossing consists of a stone-paved dike spill- way with superimposed stop-log spans with total length of approxi- mately 113 feet between steel-sheet pile abutment walls behind which compacted fill with soil-cement slab pavement connects with the existing highway, and is operated to maintain the water level in the upper section of the lake. The project, with reservoir ca- pacity for flood control of 137,000 acre-feet, affords protection to about 42,000 acres of agricultural land from floods up to those which may be expected to occur once in 30 years and should restore Lake Traverse to its former natural condition as a habitat for an abundance of wildlife and fish. The cost of the completed project was $1,332,200. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $16,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was operated according to plan and necessary repairs were made by hired labor. At the beginning of the fiscal year both Lake Traverse and White Rock Pools were slightly above conservation elevations 976.0 and 972.0, respectively. High evaporation and little inflow during the summer and fall caused a general drop in the pools to 975 and 970.5 on November 1. The White Rock Pool froze virtually to the bottom in late November precluding any discharge from the dam. Little change occurred throughout the winter. Breakup began about March 15. However, not until late in June as a result of rain did the pools fill to normal. It was unnecessary to release any dis- charge from White Rock Dam throughout the entire breakup period to the end of the fiscal year. Costs for the year were $17,972 for operation and maintenance by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in June 1948. Fee title to 1,315.48 acres and easements on 5,952.35 acres of land have been acquired. The White Rock Dam and Reservation control structure are in operation, and the struc- tures and appurtenances are in good condition. The roadways across structures are open to public travel. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were 784 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 $1,476,235, being $1,332,200 for new work and $144,035 for oper- ation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Tota:.to June 30, 1*4, includ- II ring fioc' years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------------- $1,332,200 Cost -, . .- 332,200 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... $8, 000 $9,650 $14,200 $13,700 $18, 900 146, 950 Cost..---------------- 9,300 10, 552 13,206 13, 966 17, 972 144, 035 13. MISSISSIPPI RIVER NEAR AITKIN, MINN. Location. The area under consideration lies mainly in Aitkin County in northeastern Minnesota, approximately 80 miles west of Lake Superior and about 100 miles north of Minneapolis and St. Paul. The Mississippi River in this area flows in a general south- westerly direction through Aitkin County. Aitkin, Minn., is on the Mississippi River 1,055.9 miles above the mouth of the Ohio River (for general location, see U. S. Geological Survey map of Minnesota). Existing project. The following features are included in the plan of improvement. A diversion channel on a general east-west alinement between miles 1,064 and 1,040.4 on the Mississippi River, being a channel about 6 miles in length and, with the exception of a contracted section at each end of the main diversion channel, a bottom width of 90 feet and 1 on 3 side slopes; a channel about 1,100 feet in length permitting the Little Willow River to enter the main diversion channel and a 2,800-foot channel diverting Wakefield Creek into the main diversion channel; erosion control structures at the mouth of the Little Willow and Wakefield Creek diversions and one other point. In addition, two supplementary diversion channels are located downstream, the 800-foot Pine Knoll diversion between miles 1,040.9 and 1.040.1 and the 1,300-fo6t Tow Head Rapids diversion located between miles 1,031.4 and 1,030.5. The improvements will alleviate the flood condition and improve drainage in and near Aitkin, Minn. The estimate of cost (1954) to the United States for new work is $1,532,300. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 599, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest pub- lished map is in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvement is subject to the condi- tions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (3) bear the expense of all necessary construction or alterations of utilities, roads, highways, and bridges; (4) maintain all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; and (5) prevent future encroachments in FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 785 the flood plain of the Mississippi River within the limits of the project. The responsibility for local cooperation has been assumed by the Aitkin Drainage and Conservancy District which has furnished assurances and provided necessary rights-of-entry to lands re- quired for construction. Operations and results during fiscal year. Designs were car- ried on by hired labor. A contract for construction of the main diversion channel, including Wakefield Creek diversion, was brought from 37 percent completion to 94 percent completion. A contract for outlet control and lower bank protection was com- pleted. A contract for the inlet control, approach dredging and upper bank protection was awarded and brought to 25 percent completion. Costs for the year for advance planning by hired labor were $8,219, and for construction by contract were $738,013. Total costs were $746,232. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans is complete and plans and specifications as a whole are substantially complete. Construction was initiated in September 1952 and the project is 79 percent complete. Work on Pine Knoll and Tow Head Rapids cutoffs and the outlet control structure and lower bank pro- tection are complete. Work on the main diversion channel, upper control, and appurtenant work is in progress. A total of 3,860,300 cubic yards of material has been removed under all contracts. A contract for the Little Willow River diversion and county ditch No. 11 drop structure remains to be initiated. Completion of that contract and contracts under way will complete the project. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1954, were $1,215,822 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .10, 1954. includ- lng fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Anoropriated ..... $25, 000 $47, 590 $600, 000 $597, 000 _ $1, 269, 590 Cost ___ 845 12,184 63,514 393,047 $746,232 1,215,822 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $931 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 450,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------------------_ 450,931 14. LAC QUI PARLE RESERVOIR, MINNESOTA RIVER, MINN. Location. The works covered by this project lie along Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes and the Minnesota River between the head of Marsh Lake and Granite Falls, Minn. For general location, see United States Geological Survey map of Minnesota. Existing project. Construction of the Lac qui Parle Reservoir was initiated as a Works Progress Administration project spon- sored by the State of Minnesota, prior to its authorization as a Federal project by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. 786 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The present plan of improvement provides for completion and maintenance by the Department of the Army of the structures on Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes and the Chippewa River diversion works, substantially completed by the Work Project Administra- tion for use of Marsh and Lac qui Parle Lakes as flood control and water conservation reservoirs, and for channel improvement of the Minnesota River below the lakes. The project includes a main dam at the outlet of Lac qui Parle Lake, a structure between Marsh Lake and Lac qui Parle Lake, for control of the Marsh Lake Res- ervoir, a dam and diversion channel near Watson, Minn., for di- verting floodwaters of the Chippewa River into the Lac qui Parle Reservoir, necessary alterations to highways, railroads, and bridges in the vicinity, and improvement of the channel of the Minnesota River at various locations between Lac qui Parle Lake and Granite Falls. The Lac qui Parle Dam, which carries a high- way across the Minnesota River, consists of a control structure of 12 bridge spans incorporating sluice gates and fixed spillway weirs, a 2,500-foot emergency spillway, and sections of highway embank- ment connecting with high ground on either side of the valley. The Marsh Lake Dam consists of a 112-foot concrete spillway, and two sections of dredged earthfill totaling approximately 9,700 feet in length, including an auxiliary 90-foot grouted riprap overflow spillway. The Chippewa River flood diversion dam consists of a concrete fixed crest structure supporting a highway bridge, and a section of earthfill through which is provided a conduit for dis- charge of low water flow. The diversion channel for passing flood- waters of the Chippewa River into the Lac qui Parle Reservoir is 3,500 feet in length cut through a natural ridge separating the river and an arm of the lake and includes a six-span concrete sub- merged weir, also supporting a bridge, which allows a reverse flow from the lake. A rolled earthfill dike extending along the lower south side of the channel is an extension of the diversion dam and serves also to protect the adjacent railroad tracks from being flooded. Completion of the project included improvements to Lac qui Parle Dam and spillway, improvements to Marsh Lake Dam, access roads, and dike, Great Northern bridge alterations, and con- struction of a Tainter gate at the Chippewa Dam, and stage- recorder houses. Improvement of the Minnesota River between Lac qui Parle Lake and Granite Falls consists of rock removal, snag removal, and cutoffs at various locations to provide for increasing the bank-full capacity of the channel. The project, with reservoir capacity of about 96,700 acre-feet for flood control above normal elevations of the two conservation pools, provides protection for agricultural lands against summer floods. Storage of 58,500 acre- feet for conservation purposes provided below normal elevations of conservation pools results in improved lake levels for recreation and game conservation in addition to providing for increased low water flow downstream for agricultural interests and for sewage disposal at Granite Falls. The estimate of cost (1954) to the United States for completion of the project is $564,000 for construction and $397,000 for lands FLOOD CONTROL--ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 787 and damages. The estimated (1954) annual cost of maintenance is $23,000. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work pertaining to transfer of land from the State of Minnesota to the United States was continued by hired labor. Structures were operated according to plan and necessary repairs were made to structures including repairs to Watson Sag channel earlier damaged by floods. At the beginning of the fiscal year Lac qui Parle Reservoir was at elevation 940.3 and receding from a moderate size flood. The stage had nearly returned to normal when additional rain resulted in a second rise cresting at elevation 938.5 on August 14. The pool returned to normal elevation 931.2 and was maintained at normal elevation until 15 February when it was lowered according to plan to provide storage for the spring breakup. A low pool elevation of about 928.0 was reached on March 10. Low inflows from the spring breakup and from subsequent rains were easily stored in the reservoir with a crest elevation of 933.1 on April 1 and without exceeding bank-full stages downstream. Normal elevations were attained by the end of the fiscal year. Costs for the year for new work were $317,365, being $7,365 for hired labor and $310,000 for land payments. Costs for operation and maintenance were $38,153. Total costs were $355,518. Condition at end of fiscal year. Transfer of the project from the State of Minnesota to the United States was consummated on September 7, 1950. Previously operated by the State of Minnesota, the project has been operated by the Government according to the approved plan of operation since that time. Easements on 32.8 acres of land have been obtained, and 516.3 acres of land have been acquired in fee; easements on 14,642.6 acres of land are in process of acquisition. Construction under the present plan of improve- ment was started in September 1941 and was completed in Decem- ber 1951. All structures are in good condition. Completion of land acquisition will complete the project. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $1,093,526, of which $917,491 was for new work and $176,035 was for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - -- -- $961,000 Cost-- -- -- - $20,598 $116,933 $103,867 $2,888 $317,365 917,491 Maintenance: Appropriated- 18,500 -4,600 63, 300 61,900 22,100 179,700 Cost____-__ . . 16,595 40,428 74,408j 38,153 176,035 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ 1 $31,059 1Includes $9,200 in OCE reserve. 788 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 15. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report, June 30, 1954 amount Name of project anseeal required report Con- Operation complete for- struction and maintenance Pembina River Reservoir, N. Dak-------------- 1950 $50, 000 1$760, 000 Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak--............... 1950 23, 695 -- -- 1 856, 300 Upper Mississippi River Basin (St. Paul district) 1950 - - 2 23, 700, 000 Black River Reservoir, Wis. Dry Run, Iowa....----------------------------- 1951 1, 706, 900 - Completed._ 1 Further work deferred pending review of H. Doc. 565, 78th Cong., 2d sess. 2 Has not been selected for construction. 8 Exclusive of $42,765.80 expended from contributed funds. 16. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of general investigations during the fiscal year was $112,231. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, $4,893 plus an additional allotment for fiscal year 1955 will be used to continue work on authorized exami- nations and surveys and collection and study of basic data. The additional sum of $208,600 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1956. Collection and study of basic data. Under the category "Col- lection and Study of Basic Data," streamflow data was obtained by Corps of Engineer gaging beyond the cooperative stream-gaging program; hydraulic laboratory work was continued in the meas- urement and analysis of the sediment load in streams, a flood emergency manual was reviewed and revised, and International Joint Commission activities for regulation of Lake of the Woods waters were accomplished. Costs for the fiscal year under this category, included in the costs indicated above, were $25,129. 17. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORKS Inspections under this heading are made of completed flood con- trol projects which have been transferred to local interests for op- eration and maintenance. The inspections are for the purpose of determining that the project channels are kept clean and unob- structed, dikes and revetments are in good condition, and struc- tures are in good repair and operable. Two inspections of the Dry Run, Iowa project were made during the year. The project was found in good condition, although minor deficiencies were called to the attention of the local operating official. Costs for the year were $163. Total costs to June 30, 1954, were $328. Cost and financial summar y Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, Includ- ing fscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated- .- ---.. ------ $300 -$220 $425 $300 $805 Cost---------- ------------ 80 ------- 85 163 328 FLOOD CONTROL ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 789 18. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act.) In addition to funds previously allotted under this heading, the sum of $10,000 was made available during fiscal year 1954 for snag- ging and clearing on the South Fork of the Crow River at Hutchin- son, Minn. No work has been done. With funds allotted prior to this fiscal year, work was accomplished by hired labor on the Min- nesota River in the vicinity of Montevideo, Minn., during the period October 19 to November 6, 1953, and by contract on the Redwood River in the vicinity of Marshall, Minn., during the period Sep- tember 21 to December 11, 1953. Costs for the year were $38,852. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1962 1953 1954 prior to1950 New work: Appropriated - $70,000 $52,431 $85,000 $54,300 $5,600 $267,331 Cost-.----------- 30,707 89,187 6,961 91,624 38,852 257,331 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - $10,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, - 1955 -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - 10,000 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) SWAN CREEK NEAR CASSELTON, NORTH DAKOTA The project for improvement of Swan Creek, near Casselton, N. Dak., was approved and funds were allotted for construction prior to this fiscal year. Approval was subject to general require- ments specified by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, as amended, with the additional provision that local interests assume all construction costs in excess of $150,000 and make such funds available to the District Engineer prior to initiation of construc- tion. Assurances submitted by the North Dakota State Water Conservation Commission have been approved covering the provi- sions of local cooperation including the provisions for assuming all costs in excess of $150,000 and for assuming the additional costs of a modified channel alignment requested by local interests. The Swan Creek Water Conservation and Flood Control District, the sponsoring agency, had acquired substantially all of the lands re- quired for construction, but on June 7, 1954, that agency requested a 6-month delay in proceeding with further work on the project to permit local interests to make a restudy of the whole drainage problem in light of the overall expenditures presently con- templated. Plans and specifications for the channel excavation are substan- tially complete and an agreement has been consummated with the Northern Pacific Railway Company for relocation of a bridge over Swan Creek. All further work in connection with this project has 790 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 been indefinitely suspended except for whatever contacts may be required with local interests in connection with their restudy of the project. Cost of the work during the fiscal year was $5,890. Total costs to June 30, 1954, are $17,496. RUSH CREEK, RUSHFORD, MINNESOTA The sum of $10,000 was allotted for the purpose of a report on Rush Creek at Rushford, Minn. to determine the extent of work to be done, if any, at that location. Studies progressed to the point where it was determined that the total project cost would be about $700,000 of which local interests would be required to furnish about $550,000. Inasmuch as local interests cannot contribute that amount, studies were suspended and remaining funds revoked. A further study of the situation at Rushford will be accomplished as an interim survey under existing authority for a flood control sur- vey of the Root River basin. Costs for the fiscal year and total costs of the work were $9,430. REDWOOD RIVER BELOW MARSHALL, MINNESOTA The sum of $5,000 was allotted for the purpose of a report on Redwood River below Marshall, Minnesota to determine the extent of work to be done, if any, at that location. Work on the report by hired labor is about 9 percent complete. Costs for the fiscal year and total costs to June 30, 1954, are $862. Cost and financial summary SWAN CREEK NEAR CASSELTON, NORTH DAKOTA Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated---- .. $6, 500 $143, 500 -- $150, 000 Cost ---------- -----..... 4,669 6, 937 $5,890 17,496 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_----------- $132, 504 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -------- 132,504 RUSH CREEK, RUSHFORD, MINNESOTA Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ----- -- - - - - - $9, 430 $9, 430 Cost- ... .. .. .. ...----- . --... ---- ----- - __ - - - - 9,430 9,430 FLOOD CONTROL-ST. PAUL, MINN., DISTRICT 791 REDWOOD RIVER BELOW MARSHALL, MINNESOTA -- Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ...... _ _ $5,000 $5,000 Cost. -- - -- 862 862 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - - - $4,138 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _-________-_-__ -___ ___--- 4,138 Flood control emergencies--Repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations.) Under the above authority, costs during the fiscal year were $34,160, being $2,000 for final payment for repairs to Prairie Island levee at Winona, Minn., by contract and $32,160 for emergency work in the Mississippi, Minnesota, and Red River of the North drainage basins. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated _ $124,562 $47,285 $225,300 $34,160 $431, 307 Cost_ 77, 957 93,890 225,300 34,160 431,307 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southwestern Iowa; north- western, central, and western Missouri; northern Kansas; south- ern Nebraska; and a portion of northeastern Colorado embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River and tributaries:from Rulo, Nebr., to the mouth. The report on the navigation project for the section of the Missouri River from Kansas City, Mo., to Rulo, Nebr., is included in report upon improvement of rivers and harbors in Omaha, Nebr., district. IMPROVEMENTS Page Page Navigation Flood Control-Continued 1. Missouri River, Kansas City. 7. Kanopolis Reservoir, Missouri to Rulo............. - 793 River Basin, Kansas .........812 2. Missouri River, Kansas City 8. Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Mis- to mouth 793 souri River Basin, Kansas .....814 9. Topeka, Kansas River, Kansas 816 Flood Control 10. Chariton River, Mo........... 817 11. Pomme de Terre Reservoir, 3. Missouri River Basin, Kansas Missouri River Basin, Mis- City District ..... - _...-.. 797 souri .. .. 819 4. Missouri River Agricultural 820 12. Table of Inactive Projects ........ levees, Sioux City, Ia., to 13. General Investigations_ ........... 820 mouth ..-........... ..... 799 14. Inspection of Completed Proj- 5. Kansas Citys, on Missouri and ects ................. 820 Kansas Rivers, Mo. and 15. Flood control work under spe- Kansas- _ 802 821 cial authorization ................ 6. Harlan County Reservoir, Missouri River Basin, Ne- braska .... 810 1. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO RULO See report on Missouri River, Kansas City to Sioux City, page 825. 2. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO THE MOUTH Location. The Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin Rivers conjoin at Three Forks, Mont., to form the Missouri River, which flows southeasterly 2,464.41 miles across or along seven States to the Mississippi River, 17 miles above St. Louis. For description, see page 1149, Annual Report for 1932. Practically the entire length of the section from Kansas City to the mouth is contained within the State of Missouri. Previous projects. The first appropriation for improvement by regulation was made in the River and Harbor Act of June 18, 1878. The original plan for comprehensive improvement was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, modified by River and Harbor Acts of July 5, 1884, September 19, 1890, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1891 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1153 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel of 9-foot depth and width not less than 300 feet, to be obtained by revetment of 11941 adjusted mileage. 793 794 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 banks, construction of permeable dikes to contract and stabilize the waterway, cutoffs to eliminate long bends, closing of minor channels, removal of snags, and dredging as required. Length of section under improvement (mouth to upper end of Quindaro Bend) is 386.2 miles.' Ordinary and extreme fluctuations of stage are 16 and 38 feet, respectively. The estimated cost for new work (1954) is $119,000,000 exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimated cost for annual maintenance is $2,450,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 25,1912 Project adopted for securing a permanent navigable H. Doc. 1287, 61st Cong., 3d sess. channel of 6-foot depth. (Contains latest published map.) Aug. 8, 1917 This act fixed the upstream limit of the improvement H. Doc. 463, 64th Cong., 1st sess. at the upper end of Quindaro Bend (386.2 miles (Contains latest published map.) from the mouth), and provided for dredging. Mar. 3, 1925 For a minimum width of 200 feet, with a reasonable additional width around the bends. Aug. 30, 1935 For completion of improvement from the mouth to H. Doec. 238, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sioux City, Iowa. (Contains latest published map.) Mar. 2,1945 For securing a navigable channel of 9-foot depth and H. Doec. 214, 76th Cong., 1st sess. a minimum width of 300 feet. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The project provides that cooperation from benefited localities may be required, in case a comprehensive plan is adopted by Congress, for an apportionment of expense, where any improvement confers special benefit; and receipt of contribu- tions from private parties, to be expended with Government funds upon authorized works where such would be in the interest of navi- gation, is authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1915. The Secretary of the Army has approved the general prin- ciple of cooperative construction on the Missouri River below Kan- sas City on the basis that 25 percent of the cost of any special in- stallation shall be paid by the United States and 75 percent by the local interests. The total amount contributed by local interests in cooperation with the United States from 1918 to June 30, 1954, was $675,- 662.80, of which $8,647.11 was returned to contributors. Terminal facilities. Facilities for transferring grain, petrole- um products, and other commodities are maintained at various lo- cations on this section of the river. These facilities are listed in the following table: 1 1941 adjusted mileage. RIVERS AND HARBORS--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 795 Location 2 1 Description of facility Miles above mouth Nearest town (1932 mileage) Existing facilities: Oil-loading facilities- 379. 6 Kansas City, Kans. Grain elevator, conveyor, and dock, publicly owned, leased to 379. 1 Do. private concern. Warehouse, escalator, bulk-handling dock, and concrete loading 378. 6 Kansas City, Mo. platform, publicly owned, leased to a private corporation. Loading platform.....----------- ---------- ---------------- 378. 2 Do. Warehouse and concrete loading platform, publicly owned, 377. 2 Do. leased to Department of the Army. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel-.............. ........ 377. 1 Do. Do ........----------- . .............. 322. 0 Lexington, Mo. Do _ - _-_- .. -- .. ....... .. .. . 297. 4 ...--------- Waverly, Mo. Grain-loading facilities ____________________________________ 297. 15 Do. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel .. -------- s227. 2 Glasgow, Mo. Grain-loading facilities _____________. . s226.9 .______________________. Do. Facilities for transferring sand and gravel_ 196. 5 Boonville, Mo. Do------------------------------------- S186. 0 Rocheport, Mo. Do - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - 142. 8 Jefferson City, Mo. Do S 96. 8 Hermann, Mo. Do------------------------------- -- 67. 5 Washington, Mo. Do .- .--- _- -.-- -- -- - -- -- - -- - -- -- - -- -- - -- - 28. 0 St. Charles, Mo. Proposed facilities: Grain-loading facilities -___- __ ____-__ ----- 384. 4 Kansas City, Kans. Do_ D o-------- ----- -- - 380. 0 Do. Molasses-unloading facilities_______________________ ______ 378. 1 Kansas City, Mo. Coal-unloading facilities -__ _________________ _________ 369. 8 Do. Oil-unloading facilities- -- 367. 8 Sugar Creek, Mo. Do__ D o - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3257. 0 Dewitt, Mo. General purposes facilities_ 196. 5 Boonville, Mo. Tank-unloading facilities_______________________________________ 196. 0 Do. Oil-unloading facilities ___ 192. 0 Do. Grain-loading facilities___________________________ ______________ 134.0 Osage City, Mo. Bulk-handling facilities ______________________________ 5.0 St. Charles, Mo. Privately owned and operated unless otherwise indicated. 2 On right bank unless otherwise indicated. s On left bank. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: This work consisted of preliminary work in connection with the acquisi- tion of right-of-way at a cost of $3,704 and the construction, by contract, of 30 dikes and 14 dike extensions totaling 13,266 linear feet, and 6 lengths of revetment totaling 15,367 linear feet, at a total cost of $1,120,804, and construction, by hired labor, of 14 dikes and 3 dike extensions totaling 8,547 linear feet, a length of revetment of 1,100 linear feet and the removal of points at 11 localities, at a total cost of $694,628 and engineering, design and surveys at a cost of $71,107. The total cost of new work (includ- ing pending adjustment of $2,553) was $1,892,796. Maintenance: This work consisted of the repair, by contract, of 17,225 linear feet of dikes and 36,222 linear feet of revetment, at a total cost of $1,178,768, and the accomplishment, by hired labor, of the following: Removal of 3,118,790 cubic yards of material from 7 localities by the U. S. Dredges Black, Mitchell, and Clark, at a total cost of $396,341; the repair of 44,632 linear feet of dikes and 162,978 linear feet of revetment at a total cost of $1,594,264; snagging at a total cost of $7,090; reconnaissance and channel marking for navigation at a total cost of $288,666; real estate man- agement services at a total cost of $16; stream gauging for special studies and working data at a cost of $22,038; and engineering, design, and surveys, including channel surveys, in connection with maintenance works, at a total cost of $171,382. The total cost of 796 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 all maintenance work was $3,658,565. The total costs for the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds--- ...-------------------- $1, 892, 796 $3, 658, 565 $5, 551, 361 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 87 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the present approved estimate of cost. The physical extent of; :work accomplished was 1,869,478 linear feet of dikes, 1,325,157 linear feet of revetment, 29,499 linear feet of abatis, 27,493 linear feet of bank protection, 35,842 linear feet of retards, 30,299 linear feet of levees, five revetment spillways, excavation of 7,537,789 cubic yards of material in construction of pilot canals, removal of 141,- 042 linear feet of existing structure, dredge fills totaling 1,546,493 cubic yards, removal of 432,664 cubic yards of rock, removal of 82,805,096 cubic yards of material by dredging, and removal of 5,439,461 cubic yards of material in the improvement of 'bank alinement. Although additional dikes and revetments are required to attain the project dimensions, a channel with a minimum depth of 61/2 to 7 feet and a minimum width of 200 feet is available throughout the navigation season, which covers approximately :the period from March 15 to November 30. The controlling: depth throughout this section of the river on June 30, 1954, was gener- ally 8 feet at which time there was an average discharge at Kansas City, Mo., of approximately 59,000 cubic feet per second. The practical draft at ordinary stages of the river is 61/ feet. This section of the river has been used for commercial navigation since June 1935. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds-...___. - .. $88,060,999 $48, 980,462 $137, 041, 461 Emergency relief funds- - 1, 375,243 133,757 1,.509, 000 Public works funds- .. 6, 468,491 - 6, 468, 491 95, 904, 733 49, 114, 219 145, 018, 952 Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 10, 1954, 'includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated $1, 885, 000 $2, 250, 000 $2,300, 000 $2, 586,000 $1,885,000 $103'812, 358 Cost -.----- . 2,133, 336 1,613,940 2,279,824 3,289, 057 1,892, 796 103,809,210 1Maintenance: oppropriated- 2, 660,000 2, 225, 000 2,570,1000 3,193, 700 3,658,000 49,539, 887 ost ,.... '2,833,894 2, 041,509 2,663,897 3, 295,455 3,658,565 ,49,539, 887 1Inceludes $644,374 costs of new work and $22,642 for maintenance from contributed funds. I In'cludes $7,260,103 costs if new work and $403,027 for maintenance for previous projects. FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 797 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 $3, 149 Appropriated'for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955______ 2,000,000 :Unobligated balancesavailable for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955.------- 2, 003, 149 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- "tion of existing project_ 15, 187, 642 3. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANSAS CITY ;DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth, flood protection works at certain municipalities, and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood flows at the dam site. The existing project was authorized by the following flood control acts: Acts Work authorized Documents I I - June 28,1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Commiittee Doc. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong., 1st sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18, 1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County dam and reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr.; other supplemental flood con- trol works on the upper Republican River; and authorized $7,000,000 additional expenditure. Dec. 22, 1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17,1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. Included in the comprehensive basin plan are the following proj- ects in the Kansas City district: ---- Estimated Project Federal cost Missouri River agricultural levees, Rulo to mouth________ _________ ____... $116, 000, 000 Kansas Citys, Mo., and Kans_ ......... __.-----------............. _ -- ------ 45, 600, 000 Pioneer Reservoir, Arikaree River, Colo. and Kans . ._______.. __________ . . . 20,000, 000 R ed W illow R eservoir, R ed W illow C reek, N ebr...... .. .. _____- ... . . . -- . 12, 500, 000 Indianola, Republican River, Nebr----...----- - -.-------------- 67, 275 Bartley, Republican River, Nebr .. __.___ _ .______________._....-----------------. 118, 269 Harlan County Reservoir, Republican River, Nebr_ .......... _......................... 45, 268, 000 Kanopolis Reservoir, Smoky Hill River, Kans - -..........-- ---... 12, 297, 000 Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Big Blue River, Kans ..........------..------ 89, 900, 000 Chillicothe Reservoir, Grand River, Mo .. .........--------------- ------------- 65, 800, 000 Osceola Reservoir, Osage River, Mo ___________ ________________________. . 116, 000, 000 South Grand Reservoir, South Grand River, Mo _______________________________.. . . . . 29, 200, 000 Pomme de Terre Reservoir, Pomme de Terre River, Mo --------------- 22, 500, 000 R ich land R eservoir, G asconade R iver, M o -.- . . . . . . . . . ..-----.-- .-------- 33, 300, 000 Arlington Reservoir, Gasconade River, Mo . - --------------------- 27, 200, 000 I 798 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Recommended modification of project. Under date of Febru- ary 28, 1949, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the existing general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin be further modified and expanded to pro- vide for Milford and Perry Reservoirs on Republican and Delaware Rivers, Kans., respectively, and for local flood protection at Bea- trice and Hubbell, Nebr.; Abilene, Salina, Marysville, Manhattan, Topeka (North Topeka and vicinity), Fort Riley, Lawrence, and Merriam, Kans.; and for flood control and major drainage on Stonehouse Creek, Kans., all in the Kansas River Basin at an esti- mated Federal cost of $41,805,000 for construction (H. Doc. No. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Under date of May 4, 1949, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the existing general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin be further modified to provide for Rathbun Reservoir on Chariton River, Iowa, and for flood protection works at Mystic, Iowa, at an estimated Federal cost of $14,554,000 for constructing Rathbun Reservoir and $29,- 640 for construction of improvements at Mystic, Iowa (H. Doc. No. 561, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Under date of August 15, 1949, the Chief of Engineers recom- mended that the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin approved by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, as modified by subsequent acts, be modified and expanded to include the construction of nine reser- voirs and two local protection projects in the Osage River Basin at an estimated additional cost to the United States of $137,694,000 for construction (H. Doc. No. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations dur- ing the fiscal year, together with costs and expenditures for those projects on which plans were in preparation or on which construc- tion had been initiated, are shown in following individual reports. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. Condition at end of fiscal year. The condition of the projects discussed in individual reports is given in those reports. The total cost and expenditures to June 30, 1954, exclusive of the cost and expenditures for projects discussed in individual reports, for spe- cial engineering studies in connection with the comprehensive plan, was $55,568.55. The cost for maintenance (scheduling of flood control reservoir operations) was $63,384. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 799 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to JTune 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_ ------------ ------------ ----------- ------------ $55, 569 $------------ Cost ------------ ---------- I .....---------.------------ -------------- ------------ 55,569 Maintenance: Appropriated ----------------- $44, 000 $35, 000 $39, 000 $57, 000 175,000 Cost--------------------------- 35,782 43,191 32,554 63,384 174,912 Notes: The allotments and costs shown above for new work cover 21 x 3113 Flood Control, General funds allotted to the "Republican River Basin Reservoirs (Medicine Creek Reservoir), Colorado, Nebraska and Kansas." The allotments and costs shown above for maintenance cover 21 x 3123 Flood Control, General, funds allotted to "Scheduling of Flood Control Reservoir Operations." 4. MISSOURI RIVER AGRICULTURAL LEVEES, SIOUX CITY, IOWA, TO THE MOUTH (RULO, NEBR., TO MOUTH) Location. On both banks of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth near St. Louis, Mo., a distance of approxi- mately 760 miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a series of levee units and appurtenant works along both sides of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth, for the protection of agricultural lands and small communities against floods. The estimate of cost (1954) for that portion of the project from Rulo, Nebr., to the mouth is $122,900,000, of which $116,- 000,000 is the Federal cost for construction, $6,900,000 is for lands and damages to be borne by local interests. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18, 1941 Levees along both sides of the river from Sioux City H. Doc. 821, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to Kansas City. Dec. 22,1944 Extended project from Kansas City to the mouth H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; and provided for increased protection. S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved De- cember 22, 1944, applies. Local interests have furnished rights-of- way for construction of levees in units R 513-512 (secs. I and II), R 500, L 488, R 482, L 476, L 448-443 (secs. I and II), R'440, and L 400. Local interests have also indicated their interest in the early construction of other units of the project. Operations and results during fiscal year. Unit L 519-L 512-L 504: Detail project plans and specifications for the construction of levees and appurtenances for this unit are being accomplished by hired labor, approximately 2 percent of the work being completed at a total cost for the fiscal year of $17,947. Unit R 513-R 512: The Design Memorandum No. 1 for Under- seepage Control was completed and approved by OCE. The con- struction of floodway clearing and levee surfacing were completed by contract at a cost during the fiscal year of $68,429. Engineer- ing and design work in connection with the above was accomplished Sig 26---799-830 800 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $13,456. The total cost during the fiscal year was $81,885. Unit R 500: The completion of the levee surfacing and slope and toe protection were accomplished by contract, during the fiscal year at a cost of $6,185. The installation of piezometer tubes by hired labor was accomplished during the fiscal year at a cost of $2,435. Engineering and design in connection with the above was accom- plished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $5,877. The total cost for this unit for the fiscal year was $14,497. Unit L 497: Work was continued on the Design Memorandum, and plans and specifications by hired labor, bringing them up to 50 percent and 45 percent of completion, respectively, at a cost of $2,118 for the fiscal year. Unit L 488: The Design Memorandum was brought to 95 percent of completion, and the plans and specifications were brought to 60 percent of completion on underseepage control during the fiscal year, at a cost of $17,598. The total cost for the fiscal year was $17,598. Unit R 482: The construction of raising, riprap slope protection, and surfacing existing levee was completed by contract at a cost of $144,645. The installation of piezometer tubes by hired labor was completed at a cost of $1,723. Engineering and design in connec- tion with the above was accomplished by hired labor at a cost dur- ing the fiscal year of $18,809. The total cost for the fiscal year was $165,177. Unit L 476: Revision of Design Memorandum No. 1 for Under- seepage Control was completed. The installation of piezometer gages was completed by hired labor at a cost of $1,901. Construc- tion of channels, raising levee crown, and modification of drainage structure was completed by contract at a cost of $30,698 for the fiscal year. Engineering and design in connection with the above was accomplished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $20,514. The total cost for the fiscal year was $53,113. Unit L 448-443: The Design Memorandum No. 1 for Underseep- age Control was completed. The construction of surfacing and raising levee crown was completed by contract during the fiscal year at a cost of $69,672. Seeding levee crown was completed by hired labor at a cost of $1,328. Engineering and design in con- nection with the above was accomplished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $28,870. The total cost for the fiscal year was $99,870. Unit R 440: Design Memorandum No. 1 for Underseepage Con- trol was completed and approved. Plans and specifications for underseepage control and Doniphan Creek diversion were com- pleted. A contract for underseepage control was initiated and work initiated during the fiscal year at a cost of $8,494. Engi- neering and design in connection with the above was accomplished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $23,211. The total cost for the year was $31,705. Unit L 400: Design Memorandum No. 1 for Underseepage Con- trol on Unit L 400 was completed and approved. The total cost for the year was $17,248. The preparation of detailed project plans for Units L 289, L 330, FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 801 L 385, L 392, R 395, L 408, 408.2, L 426, L 434.5, L 435, L 455, R 471, and general engineering on the remaining units was under- way, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year of $48,792. The total cost during the fiscal year for the Missouri River agricultural levees project (including pending adjustment of $2,882) was $553,832. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 10 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year based on the present estimated cost. Construction of the project was initiated in June 1948 with the start of construction of levees for Unit L 488. During April 1952 there occurred a flood which overtopped or breached all privately constructed farm levees from Rulo, Nebr., to Kansas City, Mo., and damaged approximately 60 percent of those from Kansas City to the mouth. This flood exceeded all floods occurring during the past century in the reaches above Leaven- worth, Kans. The only levees in the Kansas City to Rulo section that did not fail during this April 1952 flood were the seven levee units constructed by the Corps of Engineers under the Missouri River agricultural levees project. The status of individual units of the project at the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Unit L 519-L 512-L 504: The preparation of definite project plans and contract plans and specifications was underway. Unit R 513-R 512: Definite project plans and contract plans and specifications for the construction of levees have been completed. The construction of 8.6 miles of levee in section I of this unit and of 8 miles of levees in section II of this unit has been completed. The construction of 2.5 miles of levees in the Mooney drainage ditch section has been completed. Surfacing of levees and channel clear- ing is also completed. Unit R 500: Definite project plans and contract plans and speci- fications for construction of levees have been completed. The construction of 4.1 miles of levees, including surfacing and slope protection for this unit was completed. Unit L 497: The preparation of definite project plans and con- tract plans and specifications was underway. Unit L 488: Definite project plans and contract plans and speci- fications for the construction of levees have been completed. The construction, surfacing, and seeding of 11.5 miles of levees in this unit have been completed. The preparation of the Design Mem- orandum and plans and specifications for underseepage control was underway. Unit R 482: Definite project plans and contract plans and speci- fications for the construction of levees have been completed. The construction of 8.3 miles of levees, including underseepage control in this unit, was completed. Surfacing, slope protection, modifica- tion of drainage structures, and installation of piezometer tubes is completed. Unit L 476: Definite project plans and contract plans and specifi- cations for the construction of levees have been completed. The construction of 6.7 miles of levees, including surfacing in this unit, has been completed. Levee raising, slope protection, and installa- tion of piezometer gauges is completed. Revision of Design Mem- orandum No. 1 for Underseepage Control was completed. Unit L 448-L 443: The construction of 8.3 miles of levee to pro- 802 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tect section I of this unit, and construction of 5.8 miles of levee to protect section II of this unit, including slope and toe protection, is completed. The construction of Cloverdale Drain levees is com- plete. Levee raising, surfacing, and seeding was completed. The Design Memorandum No. 1 for Underseepage Control was com- pleted. Unit R 440: The construction of 9.6 miles of levees in this unit, including surfacing, has been completed. Design Memorandum No. 1 for Underseepage Control, plans and specifications for under- seepage control and Doniphan Creek diversion were completed. The construction of underseepage control is underway. Unit L 400: Definite project plans and contract plans and specifi- cations were completed. Design Memorandum No. 1 for Under- seepage Control was completed. Unit L 330: The contract for expert engineering services in con- nection with surveys for design of levee is completed. Units L 455, L 435, 434.5 (bridge), L 426-419, 408.2 (bridge), L 408, R 395-393, L 392, L 385, R 471-R 460-L 466 and R 289-R 272: Preliminary work in connection with the preparation of de- tailed project plans was underway. The total cost of the existing project (all new work) to June 30, 1954, was $11,735,201. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------ $3, 611,350 $374,900 $1, 543,900 $319, 000 $75, 000 $12,955, 150 Cost_--------------- 4,545,105 2,260,800 536,605 913, 975 552, 832 11,735, 201 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---------__ $1,134,247 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-..... 350, 000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------------------------------------- 1,484,247 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ ------------------------------- 103,044,850 5. KANSAS CITYS ON MISSOURI AND KANSAS RIVERS, MO. AND KANS. Location. Kansas Citys on Missouri and Kansas Rivers in Missouri and Kansas. The municipal and industrial areas which require flood protection extend from the mouth of the Kansas River about 61/2 miles up and 91/2 miles down the Missouri River and 91/2 miles up the Kansas River. Existing project. The general plan of improvement contem- plates protection works, consisting principally of levees and flood- walls, for 13 separate project units, which are designated as fol- lows: Argentine; Armourdale; Central Industrial; Fairfax-Jersey Creek; North Kansas City; East Bottoms; channel improvement, Kansas River; bridge and approach alterations, Kansas River; channel improvement, Missouri River; floodway improvement, Mis- souri River; Birmingham; Blue Valley Industrial; and Liberty Bend cutoff. FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 803 The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Con- trol Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 22, 1936 Levees and floodwalls for the protection of the Kan- H. Doec. 195, 73d Cong., 2d sess. sas Citys, at an estimated construction cost not to exceed $10,000,000, estimated cost of lands and damages, $8,000,000. Dec. 22,1944 Modified and extended the project to provide con- H. Doc. 342, 78th Cong., 1st sess. struction of cutoffs and protection for additional areas at an estimated additional cost of $8,445,000. July 24,1946 Authorized the Chief of Engineers to include neces- sary railroad bridge and approach alterations as a Federal responsibility. Recommended modification of project. Under date of April 29, 1954, there was introduced into the House of Representatives a bill (H.R. 8951, 83d Congress, 2d Session) to authorize a modifica- tion to the project adopted by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, to provide flood protection for the Kansas Citys, Kansas and Missouri, as modified and extended by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, to provide that the Chief of Engineers may contribute not to exceed $2,750,000 to the cost of an alternate plan of flood protection to be constructed by local interests in the lower Armourdale area of the Kansas Citys project. The estimated cost (1954) is $51,440,000 of which $45,600,000 is the Federal cost and $5,840,000 is for lands and damages to be borne by local interests. This project will be operated as part of the comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin and it is contemplated that, with res- ervoir control, substantially complete flood protection will be pro- vided for the Kansas Citys. The units involve construction approximately as follows: Argentine unit: The original levees and floodwalls built by pri- vate interests were of sufficient height to protect the district from the design flood, but to correct inadequate design and improper materials used in constructing the levees it was originally planned to strengthen the levees, install necessary facilities for control of underseepage, and construct a pumping unit. Since the inade- quacies of the original construction by private interests are being corrected through proper design and selection of materials in the emergency restoration necessitated by the flood of 1951, the levee work formerly contemplated under this unit no longer will be re- quired. However, studies subsequent to the flood of 1951 indicated the necessity for constructing protection for the approaches to the Argentine Boulevard and the West Kansas Avenue bridges. Armourdale unit: The earth levee along the left bank of the Kansas River from mile 6.7 to mile 2.91 is of sufficient heights to provide protection from the design flood. The project provides for raising the existing levee from mile 2.9 to 2.8; 1 constructing a new levee riverward of the existing floodWall from mile 2.8 to 1.7;1 replace existing floodwall with a new floodwall from mile 1.7 to 1;1 construct a new levee from mile 1 to 0.7;1 and construction of new floodwall, including the replacement of a short section of exist- 1Above mouth of Kansas River. 804, REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ing wall from mile 0.7 to 0.3.1 The downstream end of the new wall will connect with the southern terminus of the existing Fair- fax District levee. Central Industrial unit: Beginning at the south end of the Armour-Swift-Burlington Bridge over the Missouri River, mile 376.9,2 the existing and proposed protection for the district extends upstream along the right bank of the Missouri River to the mouth of the Kansas River, mile 378.8,2 a distance of 1.9 miles, and thence upstream along the right bank of the Kansas River to mile 3.4,1 in the vicinity of the Seventh Street Bridge, a total distance of 5.3 miles. The plan of improvement consists of the construction of concrete floodwalls and earth levees to protect the portion of the unit lying in the State of Missouri, and the raising of existing structures and construction of new concrete floodwalls and earth levees to protect the portion of this unit located in the State of Kansas. Fairfax-Jersey Creek unit: About 30,900 feet of earth levee, 1,981 feet of concrete floodwalls, and 32,100 feet of bank-protection works, extending along the right bank of the Missouri River from a point immediately above the Kansas City, Kans., water and light plant (mile 385.3)2 downstream to the mouth of the Kansas River, thence along the left bank of the Kansas River to the vicinity of the intercity viaduct (mile 0.3) ;1 pumping plants ; and appurtenant works. Subsequent to the construction of the above work, the ele- vation of the design flood has been raised due to a decrease in the width of the floodway, necessitating the raising of the Fairfax- Jersey Creek flood-protection works. North Kansas City unit: Beginning at a point northwest of the Kansas City, Mo., municipal waterworks, the existing and proposed protection for the unit extends downstream along the left bank of the Missouri River for a distance of about 6.55 miles and opposite approximately Missouri River mile 375; thence north along the right bank of Rock Creek to the Wabash Railroad right-of-way, a distance of about 0.8 mile; thence northwesterly along a drainage ditch to high ground northeast of the Kansas City, Mo., municipal waterworks, a distance of about 1.6 miles. The plan of improve- ment consists of raising and realinement of existing levees and a railroad embankment and the construction of new earth levees and concrete floodwalls to protect the city of North Kansas City, Mo., and the municipal airport and waterworks for the city of Kansas City, Mo. The total length of the proposed system is 9 miles. East Bottoms unit: Beginning at the south end of the Armour- Swift-Burlington bridge over the Missouri River, mile 376.9,2 the existing and proposed protection for the district extends down- stream along the right bank of the Missouri River to the mouth of the Big Blue River, thence southwesterly along the left bank of Big Blue River to high ground. The proposed improvements will con- sist of levees and a floodwall and appurtenances. The plan also contemplates necessary rectification of the Big Blue River channel near the mouth of this stream. Channel improvement, Kansas River unit: Bank-stabilization SAbove mouth of Kansas River. 2Above mouth of Missouri River. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 805 works along:the right bank of the Kansas River from the Seventh Street Bridge to the Kansas City Terminal Railway bridge (mile 3.50 to mile 2.491) ; excavation of a foreshore bar along the right bank of the Kansas River, extending from the Kansas City South- ern Railroad bridge (mile 0.84)1 to the mouth; and removal of major obstructions from the bed of the main channel of the Kansas River between the Argentine Bridge (mile 5.13)1 and the mouth. Bridge and approach alterations, Kansas River unit: In order to permit the free passage of drift during flood periods, it is contem- plated that all bridges across the Kansas River between mile 5.13 and the mouth which do not now provide adequate floodway will be raised above the design flood profile. This would involve the per- manent raising of 4 highway and 3 railroad bridges, and provision of facilities for the temporary raising during flood periods of 3 other railroad bridges. Channel improvement, Missouri River unit: The work contem- plated under this unit consists of dredging of a foreshore bar along the left bank of the Missouri Riverin the vicinity of mile 377.5; and of dredging the left bank where it extends riverward of the adopted channel alinement in the vicinity of mile 374. 2 In addition, excava- tion of the abandoned overbank area between the North Kansas City levee and the present channel to approximately low water ele- vation is contemplated. Replacement of the left-bank approach fills to the Armour-Swift-Burlington and Hannibal bridges by ap- proach spans is provided in the plans and is necessitated by the widening of the Kansas City reach by setting back the North Kansas City levee and dredging the abandoned overbank area. Floodway improvement, Missouri River unit: The work contem- plated under this unit consists of removing brush and timber from the area riverward of the existing Birmingham drainage district levee along the left bank of the Missouri River between mile 370 and mile 363 and of removing brush from the area riverward of the proposed East Bottoms levee along the right bank between mile 373.5 and mile 367.8.2 Birmingham unit: In order to provide protection to the Birming- ham district, various upstream sections of the Birmingham levee, between mile 371.7 and mile 365.5,2 will be raised by the addition' of rolled fill and downstream sections will be strengthened. Blue Valley Industrial unit: The work contemplated under this unit consists of the construction of levees and floodwalls at ap- proximately present Big Blue River mile 5.4 to provide flood pro- tection for a section of the Big Blue River Valley. Liberty Bend Cutoff: The work under this unit consists of the construction of a main cutoff channel beginning at mile 363.7 and extending downstream to mile 358.5;2 a second cutoff channel from mile 358.5 to mile 357 ;2 and a new highway bridge where the main cutoff channel intersects U. S. Highway No. 71 (bypass), which at present crosses the Missouri River north of the proposed cutoff at mile 361.2 Local cooperation. The necessary assurances of cooperation by local interests with respect to the Flood Control Act of June I Above mouth of Kansas River. 2Above mouth of Missouri River. 806 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 22, 1936, were approved by the Secretary of War as follows: Argentine; Armourdale; bridge and approach alterations, Kansas River; Central Industrial (Kansas section); channel im- provement, Kansas River; and Fairfax-Jersey Creek units, ap- proved July 6, 1938. Central Industrial (Missouri section) and East Bottoms units, approved March 22, 1941. North Kansas City unit, approved June 17, and June 20, 1941. Birmingham unit, approved December 11, 1945. New assurances of cooperation by local interests in compliance with the further provisions of the Flood Control Act approved De- cember 22, 1944, were approved by the Secretary of the Army on April 23, 1946. Rights-of-way for the Central Industrial; channel improvement, Kansas River; channel improvement, Missouri Riv- er; Fairfax-Jersey Creek; East Bottoms; Armourdale; and North Kansas City units of the projects have been furnished. Local interests have contributed a total of $616,165 for work desired, but not required, to provide the protection authorized un- der the project, as follows: Unit Amount Fairfax-Jersey Creek $157, 940 ................. Central Industrial-.. . .... ............ .. .. 9, 150 Armourdale.. ..----------------------------- -------------------.... 19, 950 North Kansas City ---- ---------- 222, 314 East Bottoms- ....... ............- 206, 811 Total -- .- 616, 165 Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Operations under this project consisted of the following: Argentine Unit: Construction by contract of (AT&SF) pumping plant was completed at a cost during the fiscal year of $16,141; surfacing levees and gating drainage outlets was completed at a cost during the fiscal year of $31,952. Also, preparation of "as- built" drawings and general engineering studies were continued at a total cost of $978. The total cost for this unit during the fiscal year was $49,071. Armourdale Unit: Construction, by contract, was continued on the Osage Avenue pumping plant at a cost during the fiscal year of $132,213; surfacing of levees was completed at a cost of $4,284; and gating of outlet structures in the upstream portion was com- pleted at a cost of $121,839. Engineering and design in connection with the above, and general engineering studies applicable to all units of the project were accomplished at a cost during the fiscal year of $15,974. The total cost for this unit during the fiscal year was $274,310. Birmingham Unit: Preparation of detailed project plans and contract plans and specifications for levees in the portion of the unit downstream from station 250+00 and for the underseepage for the entire unit was completed, and general engineering studies ac- complished at a total cost during the fiscal year of $38,577. Bridge and Approach Unit: Construction for the raising of East Kansas Avenue Bridge was completed at a cost of $112,092 for the fiscal year. Alteration of Missouri Pacific Bridge No. 72 across the FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 807 Kansas River was completed this fiscal year at a cost of $41,374. Engineering and design, and general engineering studies on the above was accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $2,133. The total cost for the unit for the fiscal year was $155,599. Central Industrial Unit: Construction of toe and bank protec- tion for the Kansas section and levee surfacing, by contract, was completed at a cost of $10,366. A contract for the construction of the Turkey Creek sewer emergency gate has been awarded. Prep- aration of detailed project plans and contract plans and specifica- tions was accomplished during the fiscal year at a cost of $23,257. The total cost for this unit during the fiscal year was $33,623. Channel improvement, Kansas River Unit: Removal of obstruc- tions from the Kansas River channel, which consisted of 6,115 cubic yards of stone and concrete, 455 old piling and 710 tons of miscellaneous metals was accomplished, by hired labor, by the U. S. dredges Black, Campbell and Keokuk at a cost of $267,971. Engineering and design incidental to the above and general engi- neering studies were accomplished at a cost of $996. The total cost during the fiscal year for this unit was $268,967. Channel improvement, Missouri River Unit: Construction, by contract, of Part II, bank stabilization and channel excavation was completed at a cost of $73,495; and extension of the A. S. B. and the Hannibal bridges was initiated at a cost during the fiscal year of $326,412. Engineering and design incidental to the above and general engineering studies were accomplished during the fiscal year at a cost of $4,058. The total cost of this unit during the fiscal year was $403,965. East Bottoms Unit: Construction of toe and bank protection was completed at a cost of $404,441. Engineering and design, and general engineering studies in connection with the above work was accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $5,548. The total cost for thefiscal year for this unit was $409,989. Fairfax-Jersey Creek Unit: Construction, by contract, of pump- ing plants F2, F3, F6, and F9 was continued through the fiscal year at a cost of $321,226; raising existing protection was completed and modification of existing protection at the upstream end of unit was continued at a cost of $62,418; surfacing levees was completed at a cost of $26,215; modification of pumping plants F1, F4, F5, F7, and F8 was initiated at a cost of $189,354, and Jersey Creek sewer and shutter gate were completed at a cost of $115,987. Engineer- ing and design and general engineering studies were completed at a cost of $58,702. The total cost for the unit during the fiscal year was $773,902. Liberty Bend Cutoff Unit: Preparation of final records of land acquisition was accomplished at a total cost of $174. North Kansas City Unit: Construction, by contract, of levees, three pumping plants, and levee surfacing was completed during the fiscal year at a cost of $158,245. Engineering and design and general engineering studies was accomplished at a cost of $15,178. The total cost for the unit during the fiscal year was $173,423. The total cost during the fiscal year for the Kansas Citys project (including contributed funds of $31,459 and pending adjustment of $-3,238) was $2,609,822. 808 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was about 74 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the pres- ently authorized estimated cost. Construction of the project was started in April 1940 with the initiation of construction of levees and incidental work in the Fairfax-Jersey Creek unit of the project. Argentine Unit: The inadequacies of the original construction of the levees were corrected through proper design and selection of materials in the emergency restoration, and the Santa Fe pumping plant was restored under the emergency program. Surfacing and gating of drainage outlets is complete, except for gating outlet at station 248+17. Armourdale Unit: The construction of approximately 7,300 linear feet of levees and about 4,400 linear feet of floodwall to pro- tect the section of this unit from Kansas River mile 2.84 down- stream to mile 0.30 was completed. A contract for the construc- tion of the Osage Avenue pumping plant is 98 percent complete. Surfacing of levees and gating of drainage outlets for upstream portion is complete. Birmingham Unit: Raising and strengthening the levees up- stream from station 250+00 in the vicinity of Missouri River mile 365.5 have been completed. Preparation of contract plans and specifications for the downstream portion of the levees and under- seepage control for the upstream portion is complete. Blue Valley Industrial Unit: Detailed project plans and interior drainage studies have been completed. Bridge and approach alterations, Kansas River Unit: The James Street, Central Avenue, Kansas City Southern Railway, and Kansas City Stock Yards Co. bridges have been raised. Construction to provide lifting facilities for the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific and Union Pacific Railroad bridges has been completed. Contract plans and specifications for the raising of the other bridges, except the Kansas City Terminal Railway bridge, have been substantially completed. Contracts for raising the East Kansas Avenue Bridge and the Missouri Pacific Railroad bridge No. 72 are complete. Central Industrial Unit--Missouri section: The floodwalls, lev- ees, and the pumping plants to protect this section of the central industrial unit have been completed. The improvements to protect this section consist of 7,812 linear feet of floodwalls and appur- tenances, 429 linear feet of earth levee to full grade and section, 429 linear feet of revetment of levee slope, a new pumping plant, and an addition to another pumping plant. Central Industrial Unit-Kansas section: The construction of levees, floodwalls, and pumping plants to protect this section of the unit have been completed. Bank and toe protection is complete. The improvements to protect this section consist of approximately 9,266 linear feet of levee, 772 linear feet of new floodwall, raising 8,586 linear feet of existing floodwall, and underseepage control system, two pumping plants, and an addition to another pumping plant. Channel improvement, Kansas River unit: The stabilization of the right bank of the Kansas River from the Seventh Street Bridge to the Kansas City Terminal Railway bridge and the removal of a foreshore bar at the mouth of the Kansas River have been com- FLOOD CONTROL---KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 809 pleted. This work consisted of the excavation and disposition of 361,013 cubic yards of material in connection with the removal of the foreshore bar, and removal of 14,255 cubic yards of objection- able material, placement of 34,047 cubic yards of earth fill, 25,426 tons of stone, and 4,149 squares of bank paving in connection with bank stabilization. Removal of obstructions was accomplished by hired labor. Channel improvement, Missouri River unit: Construction of part I of this unit, which consists of 2,106,630 cubic yards of random and impervious fill, 318 square yards of surfacing, 195,290 tons of stone for filter blanket, riprap, rockfill toe and rockfill dikes, 237,220 pounds of reinforcing steel, 16,845 pounds of miscellaneous metals, 270 linear feet of fencing is complete. Extensions of the Hannibal and A. S. B. bridges are 53 percent complete. Channel excavation by contract is complete. Construction by contract of bank stabilization, part II, is com- plete. This work consisted of excavation of 337,999 cubic yards of material, removal of 771 cubic yards of obstruction and wood piling, placement of 36,203 tons of riprap and rockfill toe. East Bottoms unit: The construction of about 46,200 linear feet of levee and 1,750 linear feet of floodwall and appurtenances was initiated in April 1948 and has been completed. The construction of six pumping plants is complete. Surfacing of levees and slope and toe protection, except at the new Paseo Bridge, has been com- pleted. Fairfax-Jersey Creek unit: This unit has been completed except for the raising of levees and floodwalls, completion of the under- seepage control system, and construction of additional pumping plants; the original levees and floodwalls were completed in May and June 1941. Three pumping plants were constructed subse- quent to completion of the levees and floodwalls, and construction of four additional pumping plants is underway. Completed work included the construction of 30,900 linear feet of earth levees, a levee drainage system, approximately 14,974 squares of founda- tion and toe-protection mattress, 30,881 squares of revetment- paving, 965 linear feet of steel sheetpile wall, and 1,981 linear feet of floodwalls. Partial installation of an underseepage control sys- tem has also been completed. Construction, by contract, for the raising of the levees, the Jersey Creek sewer, the Jersey Creek sewer shutter gate, stoplog gap, emergency gates, and stage III underseepage control is complete. The modification of five pump- ing plants is underway. Liberty Bend Cutoff unit: The construction of a new highway bridge, excavation of 2 cutoffs, relocation of 2 pipelines, construc- tion of levees along both banks of the upper cutoff and the con- struction of approximately 5,000 linear feet of revetment along the left bank of the upper cutoff have been completed. The con- struction of 9,994 linear feet of revetment to divert the river through the new channel and protect the right bank of the lower cutoff, and an extension to the Liberty, Mo., sewer system have also been completed. North Kansas City unit-airport section: The airport section is that portion of the North Kansas City unit lying west of and up- 810 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U: S. ARMY, i1954 stream from the Hannibal Bridge on the left bank of the Missouri River. Approximately 20,200 linear feet of levees, including stop- log and sandbag gaps and appurtenances, 19,800 linear feet of levee slope and bank protection, 552 linear feet of floodwall, and 160 linear feet of retaining wall were completed in October 1947. The installation of underseepage wells, installation of additional pumping capacity in one pumping plant, and installation of a col- lector system for the underseepage control system have also been completed. North Kansas City unit--lower section: The lower section of the North Kansas City unit is that portion of the unit lying east of and downstream from the Hannibal Bridge. Raising and relo- cating existing levees and construction of three new pumping plants have been completed. The total cost, all new work, of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $34,222,172, exclusive of contributed funds of $616,165. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June - 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years .1950 1951 .1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-__ - $5, 000,000 $6, 775,237 $8,887,250 -$418, 000 -$2, 686 $39, 165, 265 Cost--------------- 5, 924, 930 2,237,424 3,394, 588 3, 667, 544 2,609,822 34,222,172 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__------- $4, 175, 106 Unobligated balances available for Succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ ------------------------------------------- 4,175, 106 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project _ - --------- 7,050,900 6. HARLAN COUNTY RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, NEBR. Location. The dam site for the Harlan County Reservoir is located on the main stem of the Republican River approximately 235 miles above the confluence of the stream with the Smoky Hill River. The site is located in Harlan County, Nebr., about 3 miles east of Republican City, Nebr., and 13 miles west of Franklin, Nebr. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam, with a height of about 106 feet above the streambed and a total length of 11,950 feet, including a gate controlled concrete gravity type spillway section located near the center of the dam. The reservoir will provide for 850,000 acre- feet of storage, of which 500,000 acre-feet will be used for flood control and 350,000 acre-feet for irrigation and sedimentation allowance. The reservoir will control the runoff from approxi- mately 83 percent of the drainage area of the Republican River and would afford complete control for all floods of record. It is contemplated that the Harlan County Reservoir will be operated to provide protection from floods on the Republican River to small communities and agricultural land lying within the flood plain below the dam and in combination with proposed reservoirs FLOOD CONTROL--KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 811 to be located on other major tributaries of the Kansas River to reduce flood heights at the Kansas Citys. The reservoir will also be operated to provide storage for the irrigation of 86,700 acres of land below the dam. This project is one unit of the general com- prehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Mis- souri River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Act, approved August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess.), to include this project, and expanded by the Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Does. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1954) is $45,268,000, of which $41,410,500 is for construction, and $3,857,500 is for lands and damages. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during the fiscal year. New work: All work in connection with the relocation of Republican City, a por- tion of Alma, Nebraska, Oberlin Branch of the C. B. & Q. Railroad, county roads, Federal and state highways, long distance telephone lines, and rural power lines and sale of salvaged railroad materials was accomplished, by contract, at a cost during the fiscal year of $17,716. The construction of access roads within the reservoir area was initiated, by contract, at a total cost during the fiscal year of $35,381. Surplus materials remaining from construction of the spillway were disposed of at a credit of $34,896. Buildings and structures on land acquired for construction of the project were disposed of during the fiscal year at a net credit of $7,342. Con- struction, by hired labor, during the fiscal year consisted of the following: clearing and seeding an area near Alma, Neb., and planting and cultivation of trees and shrubs, at a cost of $7,435; construction of a ramp for Government boats, marine storage shed, wood barriers, wood and metal information signs, seeding areas near the dam, and other miscellaneous items at a cost during the fiscal year of $15,796; drilling water supply well and procurement of picnic tables and refuse cans, at a cost during the fiscal year of $669. Engineering and design in connection with the above work and preparation of plans for future construction were accom- plished, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year of $53,431. The total cost for new work during the fiscal year (including pend- ing adjustment of $-146) was $88,044. Maintenance. This work consisted of operation, maintenance, and rehabilitation of the project, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year of $107,161. The total cost for the fiscal year was $195,205 ($88,044 for new work and $107,161 for maintenance). Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in August 1946. The project was approximately 99 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the embankment and spillway is completed. This work consists primarily of the excavation of 16,795,291 cubic yards of material, the placing of 9,948,186 cubic yards of imper- vious fill, 431,276 cubic yards of random fill, 1,236,130 cubic yards of pervious fill, and 1,536,114 cubic yards of berm fill in the em- 812 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 bankment and levees, and placement of 445,484 cubic yards of con- crete, 177 linear feet of clay pipe, 4,030 gallons of asphalt, and 4,295,606 pounds of reinforcing steel and 4,188,392 pounds of mis- cellaneous metals in the spillway. Temporary bridges constructed across the Republican River and the spillway approach channel have been removed. The relocation of 32 miles of railroad is com- plete, and the relocation of about 48 miles of Federal and State highways have been completed. Relocation of cemeteries and county roads has been completed. Relocation of rural power and gas lines and electrical distribution facilities have been completed. Removal of abandoned railroad line has been completed. Reloca- tion of Republican City and a portion of Alma, Nebr., has been completed. Clearing of the reservoir area has been completed. The acquisition of 31,766 acres of land for the dam and reservoir and for the relocation of railroad lines and county roads has been completed. The procurement of a standby generator, construction of two permanent residences, and an administration building have been completed. The construction of an access road and facilities for health and safety are complete. The total cost, all new work, of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $45,132,575 ($44,991,- 119 for new work excluding materials valued at $24,198 that were received without charge to project funds, and $141,456 for main- tenance). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -- $11, 250,000 $15, 475, 575 -$215,975 -$276, 000 -$373, 000 $45, 268, 000 Cost_ 16, 163, 697 7, 876,938 4, 737, 607 1, 464, 592 *88, 044 44, 991,119* Maintenance: Appropriated..- ------------ 50,000 110,000 160,000 Cost - - 34,295 107,161 141,456 * Excludes cost of materials furnished without cost valued at $24,198. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---_-------- $266,919 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- ---------- ------------------------ 266,919 7. KANOPOLIS RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The Kanopolis Dam site is located on the Smoky Hill River about 19 miles west and 16 miles south of Salina, Kans., and is approximately 205 river miles above the mouth of the stream. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earthfill dam, with a height of about 131 feet above the streambed and a total length of 15,400 feet, including 4,300 feet of dike section on the left abutment and 2,600 feet of dike section on the right abutment. The reservoir will provide a storage capacity of 450,000 acre-feet, of which 400,000 acre-feet of capacity is for flood control and 50,000 acre-feet for recreation and streamflow regulation. The outlet works and spillway are located in the right abutment. The reservoir will control approximately FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 813 95 percent of the drainage area of the Smoky Hill River above Salina, Kans. It is contemplated that the Kanopolis Reservoir will be operated in combination with proposed reservoirs to be located on other ma- jor tributaries of the Kansas River. The primary purpose of the project is flood control for municipal and agricultural areas along the Smoky Hill and Kansas Rivers, with incidental benefits in re- ducing Missouri and Mississippi River flood stages. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, and expanded by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Docs. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1954) is $12,297,000, of which $10,882,000 is for construction, and $1,415,000 is for lands and damages. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: The cost of acquisition of flowage easements for spillway discharge for the fiscal year was $48,864. Engineering and design for the fol- lowing work was accomplished during the fiscal year at a cost of $13,622. Stabilization of roads, Stage 2, was initiated by contract at a cost during the fiscal year of $4,216. The construction of a permanent warehouse, and modification of the water supply system were completed by contract, at a cost during the fiscal year of $38,175. Operations by hired labor consisted of the following: Planting trees and shrubs, repaving of outlet channel; construction of a service road on the downstream berm, and boat ramps; procure- ment and installation of information signs; installation of a stand- by ventilator; construction of a permanent septic tank; modifica- tions to existing water system; and electrical service to the pump house, at a cost during the fiscal year of $20,788. The total cost for the fiscal year for new work, including pending adjustment of $394, was $126,059. Maintenance: This work consisted of the operation of the proj- ect and maintenance and rehabilitation of the project, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year of $89,636. The total cost for the fiscal year was $215,695 ($126,059 for new work and $89,636 for maintenance). Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in June 1940. The project was approximately 99 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year based on the estimated cost of completion, the dam and spillway being completed and ready for use in May 1948. The acquisition of easements at dam site, and land for the dam site and reservoir area, has been completed. The relocation of roads has been completed. Construction of the diver- sion works has been completed. Construction of the diversion works involved the excavation of 248,955 cubic yards of material and the placement of 17,791 cubic yards of backfills and embank- ment, 2,061,285 pounds of reinforcement steel, 1,270,448 pounds of steel bracing, and 22,158 cubic yards of concrete. Construction of the dam and excavation of the spillway have involved the ex- cavation of 19,725,320 cubic yards of material, the placement of 814 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 2,067,368 cubic yards of pervious fill, 5,302,322 cubic yards of random fill, 4,664,181 cubic yards of impervious fill, 2,072,696 cubic yards of fill in the upstream blanket, 1,025,196 cubic yards of fill in the downstream berm of the embankment, 239,575 cubic yards of sand and gravel filter and riprap on the upstream slope of the embankment, the placement of 899,856 pounds of reinforce- ment steel and bracing, and 10,060 cubic yards of concrete in con- nection with construction of a sill in the spillway and drainage gutters on the downstream slope of the embankment, and spot sodding and mulching 175 acres on the downstream slope of the embankment. The installation of piezometer gages is complete. The temporary Government field office, garage, warehouse, tem- porary residences, and other miscellaneous buildings have been completed. The administration building, permanent residence, shelter house, and comfort station are complete. The installation of a standby generator and construction of other miscellaneous facilities, such as sedimentation and degradation ranges, access roads, fencing, landscaping, forestation, planting, boat ramps, and other public use facilities, is complete. The stabilization of the surface of major access roads, a service road on the downstream berm, and other minor public use facilities are underway. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $12,693,113 ($12,252,743 for new work, excluding materials valued at $7,885, that were received without charge to project funds, and $440,370 for maintenance). Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ... ._ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- $218, 000 1-$70, 000 $35, 000 $239, 500 -$50, 500 $12, 297,000 Cost --- 257, 355 126, 493 151, 712 68,124 126, 059 .12252, 743 Maintenance: Appropriated- - 55,000 82, 500 79,000 90 000 93, 000 451,500 Cost_ 55, 879 86,135 77,332 83,909 89, 636 440, 370 1 Funds in the amount of $70,000 of a total of $270,000 previously revoked were retained by OCE. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $43,803 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_- 43,803 8. TUTTLE CREEK RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, KANS. Location. The proposed dam site for the Tuttle Creek Reser- voir is located on the main stem of the Big Blue River, approxi- mately 12 miles above the mouth of the stream in Riley and Potta- watomie Counties, Kans. The site is about 12 miles northwest of Manhattan, Kans. Existing project. A preliminary plan of this project provides for a dam approximately 7,200 feet long to be constructed ap- proximately 135 feet high. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT Missouri River Basin authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and expanded by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Does. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1954) is $89,900,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the outlet works conduits, first stage of embankment and spillway ex- cavation, and a temporary construction bridge across the river channel was completed, by contract, at a cost during the fiscal year of $1,014,980. Expenses in connection with closing and recordations on land acquired, and settling resettlement cases total $14,625 for the fiscal year. Engineering and design in connection with work underway and preparation of contract plans and specifications for future con- struction was continued by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $125,342. The total cost for the fiscal year, including pending adjustment of $-188, was $1,154,759. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated on October 7, 1952, and construction of the outlet works conduits and the first stage embankment and spillway exca- vation was started. The acquisition of 4,402 acres of land has been completed. Con- struction of temporary bridge and administrative facilities and parking areas, and installation of radio facilities have been com- pleted. Work in connection with construction of the outlet works conduit and first stage embankment and spillway excavation con- sisted of placement of 1,446,106 cubic yards of embankment; excavation of 1,793,329 cubic yards of material for the spillway and outlet works; and placement of 17,355 cubic yards of concrete, 1,208,386 pounds of reinforcement steel, and placement of 2,114 cubic yards of riprap. Work at the site was suspended in Decem- ber 1953 due to non-appropriation of additional funds. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year was $4,922,635. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, Includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated . $561, 395 $4,975,000 -$615,700 $5, 131, 780 Cost._--------- ----- .. --------- .. 366, 910 3,169,019 1,154,759 4,922, 635 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-............ $187,630 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------------------------ --------------- 187,630 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project--- - 84,766.220 816 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U S. ARMY. 1954 9. TOPEKA, KANSAS RIVER, KANS. Location. This project is located on the right and left banks of the Kansas River at Topeka, Kans. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the raising and extending of existing levees and the construction of new levees and floodwalls, consisting of the following features: 7,200 feet of earth levee, 2,016 feet of concrete floodwall, and 6,350 feet of bank protection works, along the right bank of the Kansas River, extending from the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Rail- road bridge over Ward Creek to high ground upstream from the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad bridge; 1,662 feet of flood- wall and 943 feet of levee around the municipal waterworks; about 5,120 feet of bank protection works along the left bank of the Kan- sas River; 23,175 feet of levee and 700 feet of floodwalls around North Topeka; and numerous appurtenant features. The project when completed will provide protection to North Topeka, South Topeka (between Ward Creek and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad shops), and the municipal waterworks, against a flood equivalent to that of 1903. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 195, 73d Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated Federal cost of construction of the modified plan, revised in 1954, is $3,100,000, and the esti- mated non-Federal cost of lands and damages is $481,400 to be borne by local interests. Recommended modification of project. Under date of Febru- ary 28, 1949, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the existing project be modified and expanded to provide protection to addi- tional areas in and around North Topeka, Kans. The modified plan of improvement contemplates relocation of the channels of Soldier and Half Day Creeks to improve drainage conditions, raising of existing levees, and construction of new levees along the Kansas River and Soldier and Half Day Creeks to protect approximately 6,000 acres of land in the flood plain, and construction of pumping plants. House Resolution 4997, 82d Congress, 2d session, proposed authorization of these improvements, together with other im- provements in the Kansas River Basin recommended in House Document 642, 81st Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. The conditions of local cooperation have been fully complied with except for the North Topeka unit. The city of Topeka has furnished certified copies of a court order dismissing the litigation that resulted in the curtailment of con- struction of the North Topeka unit of the project in February 1940 after a suit was brought against the city of Topeka and others to enjoin construction of the North Topeka flood protection works. Acquisition proceedings with respect to rights-of-way for the North Topeka unit were essentially completed by local interests prior to curtailment of the project. Local interests have indicated an intense interest in early construction of the project. The city of Topeka has contributed to the United States a net sum of $7,- 659.31 to defray the cost of incidental features of construction at the city waterworks, desired by the city but not required for adequate flood protection. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 817 Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering studies were continued by hired labor at a cost of $26. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was ap- proximately 25 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The work accomplished consists of the removal of objectionable mate- rial and placing of 174,569 cubic yards of earthfill in an earth levee; construction of 2,016 linear feet of concrete flood wall, 6,421 linear feet of bank paving, 2,600 linear feet of waterworks protec- tion, 3 protection enclosures at the waterworks, 1 floodgate, 9 sewer outlet extensions, and appurtenant features; and seeding of levees. The work remaining to be done to complete the existing project consists of the construction of the North Topeka unit. Commence- ment of this work was postponed indefinitely in February 1940 after a suit was brought against the city of Topeka and others to enjoin construction of the North Topeka flood-protection works. The city of Topeka has furnished evidence that the litigation has been settled and has requested that construction of the modified plan (H. Doc. 642, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) be initiated at an early date. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year was $755,510 including $7,659 from contributed funds. Cost and financial sunmmary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ............------..------------....-----............ 000 -$50, 000 $-------70, -$10, 300 *$755, 529 Cost..... ----- ---............ .--. . 7, 933 1,722 26 *755,510 * Includes $7, 659 contributed fund. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_------------ $19 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955___ 19 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project _ 2,352,130 10. CHARITON RIVER, MO. Location. The Chariton River rises near Osceola in south central Iowa and flows in easterly and southeasterly directions ap- proximately 140 miles to the Iowa-Missouri State line, thence south approximately 138 miles to its confluence with the Missouri River about 7 miles above Glasgow, Mo. The drainage basin of the Chariton River is approximately 150 miles long and 25 miles wide. Existing project. The plan of improvement in general con- templates drainage and protection works consisting principally of the construction of levees, clearing and enlarging of the river chan- nel, and the construction of cutoffs and drainage ditches for three project units, which are designated as follows: Chariton County unit, Macon-Adair Counties unit, and Reinhart Ranch Channel cut- off unit. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Con- 818 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U:. S. ARMY, 1954 trol Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 628, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost of the project, revised in 1954, is $3,561,000, of which $3,400,000 is Federal cost for construction and $181,000 is the cost of lands and damages to be borne by local interests. The units involve construction approximately as follows: Chariton County unit: The plan of improvement provides for cutoffs, clearing, and enlarging the existing channel of the Chari- ton River and construction of tieback levees along both banks of this river. Macon-Adair Counties and Reinhart Ranch units: The plan of improvement provides for cutoffs and clearing and enlarging the existing channel of the Chariton River. Local cooperation. All rights-of-way for construction of chan- nel improvement works have been furnished. Rights-of-way for levee construction are being obtained. Operations and results during fiscal year. A short section of channel was improved and a channel block replaced, by hired labor, at a total cost during the fiscal year of $465. Engineering and de- sign in connection with the above, and definite design studies in connection with construction of tie-back levees along the new channel of the Chariton River near the mouth were accomplished, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year of $12,924. The total cost during the fiscal year, including pending adjustments of $135 was $13,524. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in February 1948. The project was 32 percent com- plete at the end of the fiscal year based on the present approved working estimate. The construction of cutoffs, enlarging, and clearing the Chariton River channel from mile 13.6 to the mouth and the construction of revetment and bank protection at the mouth was completed. The construction of cutoffs, enlarging, and clearing of the Chariton River channel from mile 13.6 to 19.9 in upper Chariton County unit was completed. The construction of ditches, cutoffs, and enlarging and clearing of the Chariton River channel in the Macon-Adair Counties and Reinhart Ranch units was completed. Engineering and design for construction of tie-back levees along the new channel near the mouth was underway. The total cost, all new work, of the existing project to June 30, 1954, was $1,099,936. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 I Total to, June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-..... 1$400,000 -$428,000 $111,000 - -$6,588 1,146, 412 Cost ---------------- 167,707 129,640 255,908 $66,I281 13,524 1,099,936 1 Funds in the amount of $428,000 (of a total of $760,000 previously revoked) were retained by Office. Chief of Engineers. FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 819 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_--_--------- $46,476 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------ 46,476 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project-_ _ _-_-_- _ 2,253,588 11. POMME DE TERRE RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, MO. Location. The proposed dam site for the Pomme de Terre Res- ervoir is located on the main stem of the Pomme de Terre River, approximately 38 miles above the mouth of the stream in Hickory County, Mo., the reservoir extending upstream into Polk County, Mo. The site is about 3 miles south of Hermitage, Mo., and 37 miles east and north of Lebanon, Mo. Existing project. A preliminary plan of this project provides for a dam about 3,570 feet long to be constructed to an elevation approximately 137 feet above the river bed. This project is one unit of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin, authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938 (Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), as modified by the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941, and expanded by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 475, and S. Does. 191 and 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). The estimated cost (1954) is $22,500,000. Recommended modification of project. Under date of August 15, 1949, the Chief of Engineers recommended that the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin be modified and expanded to include addi- tional construction (H. Doc. 549, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The addi- tional construction recommended included the provision for power generating facilities along with the provision for construction of other projects. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance engineer- ing and design in connection with preparation of contract plans and specifications for the initial contracts for construction of the project was continued, by hired labor, at a cost during the fiscal year of $70,127. Condition at end of fiscal year: Advance engineering and de- sign for preparation of plans for the initial contracts for construc- tion of the project is approximately 85 percent complete. The total cost of the existing project, all new work, at the end of the fiscal year was $494,533. 820 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 $307,300 -$140,000 -$7, 000 $522, 502 94,335 66,556 70,127 494,533 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 27 969 $------------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -- 27,969 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -------------------------------- 21,977,498 12. TABLE OF INACTIVE PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance Navigation Gasconade River, Mo-................... ...... 1931 139, 003 85,077 (1) (1) (s) O sage R iver, M o., lock and d am _ ..... ..... ...._ 1952 658, 076 850, 495 (1) (5) Food control Arlington Reservoir, Mo ........ - 1948 ..------------ 8, 651 -------------- 27, 191, 349 Richland Reservoir, Mo_--._ .--.- -__.__. - 1948 8, 548 ..---------- 33, 291, 452 Osceola Reservoir, Mo---..... --. --......-.- -... 1948 572, 545--------.-. 115, 427, 455 Indianola, Nebraska...................------------------------- 1950 67, 275 .......-------------- (4) Pioneer Reservoir, Missouri River Basin, Kansas 1952 95, 692 .......... 19, 904, 308 Bartley, Missouri River Basin, Nebr.------------- 1953 118, 269 -- (4) 1 Improvement adequate for existing needs. 2 Curtailment of project recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Project for maintenance only. 'Completed. SOperation of lock and dam placed in standby status. 13. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys-flood control studies. Preliminary examinations and survey reports were under preparation by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $43,461. Funds remaining amounting to $42 plus the allotment of $35,200 will be applied dur- ing the fiscal year ending June 30, 1955, to the continuation of work on preliminary examinations and survey reports presently assigned to this district. Collection and study of basic data. The collection of stream flow and rainfall data, and flood damage investigations, were ac- complished by hired labor at a cost during the fiscal year of $6,944. 14. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Inspection of completed works was made during the fiscal year in the Kansas City District on the following flood protection projects: FLOOD CONTROL---KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 821 Project Inspection cost Missouri River Agricultural Levees --------------- -------------................. . $2,043 Kansas City Flood Control Project--...-------.. ........-------------..............--- ---............... 1, 879 Chariton River, Missouri ....................... 418 ................------------------------------ Topeka, Kansas...---------.... . ----- -------.. . ... ................--------------------------- .................. 164 Stonehouse Creek, Kansas .. .......... .............---------------------------------------- 132 Seward, Nebraska....-----------...--.... ...................------- 151 Bartley, Nebraska.................. 204 ..........---------------------------- Indianola, Nebraska ...-----------.. ..........................---------------------------------- 171 Mouth of Delaware River, Kansas ..--------------...... 111 ........--------------------- Smoky Hill River, South of Solomon, Kansas...............................---------- 85 Kansas River at Lawrence, Kansas--------............. .......... ...............-------------------------- 95 Republican River, near McCook, Nebraska ...... ----------------------------. 148 The total cost during the year was $5,601. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30_ l.0 _innlnd- 15. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) No work was performed during the fiscal year. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-- ------ $12,000 -$7,945 $6,000 -$2,687 $24,480 Cost . --- 134 3, 920 .........------------ 3, 313 ............ 24,480 Emergency bank protection (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). Construction of bank protection on the right bank of the Kan- sas River near Eudora, Kans., to protect the county highway bridge approach was completed during the fiscal year at a cost of $48,103. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 822 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Costs were incurred on the following projects during the fiscal year: Stonehouse Creek, Jefferson County, Kans.: Construction of a levee along the left bank of Stonehouse Creek near Williamstown, Kansas; extension of a bridge; and improvement of the channel was initiated during fiscal year 1951 and completed during fiscal year 1953 except for outstanding costs. Outstanding costs liqui- dated during the fiscal year were $6. Seward, Big Blue River, Nebr.:, Construction of approximately 12,000 feet of levee, excavation of approximately 3,000 feet of cut- off channel, and construction of drainage outlets was initiated dur- ing fiscal year 1952. The project has been completed except for a small amount of bank paving. Costs incurred during the fiscal year were $7,839. Missouri River at New Haven, Mo.: Engineering and design in connection with the preparation of contract plans and specifica- tions for construction of about 2,260 feet of levee and other drain- age improvements was initiated during fiscal year 1953 and com- pleted this fiscal year. Costs incurred during the fiscal year were $9,028. The total cost of work performed during the fiscal year was $16,873. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_ . $146, 700 $7, 000 $148,700 $192, 652 $445, 052 Cost ------........ _ _------ 8,664 88,813 171, 118 16.873 285,468 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $159, 584 Flood control emergenices-repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) The following work was performed during the fiscal year: Descriptionof work Cost during fiscal year Flood fighting and rescue work ..........-....... .... . $27, $....797 Restoration of flood control facilities at the Kansas Citys: Argentine Unit-restoration of levees and pumping plant-.......-----------....... 134, 317 Armourdale Unit---restoration of levees, floodwalls and drainage facilities-------- -----------------------...................... ...................................................... 380,514 Central Industrial Unit-restoration of bank protection_--.. 10, 329 --.................. Fairfax-Jersey Creek Unit-restoration of levee, floodwall and seepage control system, and removal of debris --------------------.-----.... 36, 982 North Kansas City Unit-restoration of levee....---------........---........... 4,989 Kansas River channel-removal of flood debris......----------.................. 28, 126 Repair of freeboard gages------ -------------.-... ---------------- 2,540 Repair of federally constructed Missouri River Agricultural Levees............. ---- 14, 841 Repair of farm levees.................----------------------.................. 93, 957 Construction in connection with closure of St. Joseph avulsion....--............... 5, 399 Engineering, design and surveys-----------------------------...-----...... 25,013 Undistributed costs .... .....................----------------------.. 18, 584 Total ..... ............... 783,388 FLOOD CONTROL-KANSAS CITY, MO., DISTRICT 823 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 = 1954 prior to 1950 1 Exclusive of $131,343 contributed funds. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT This district comprises a small portion of southwestern North Dakota, all of South Dakota except the northwestern corner and a small northeastern portion, southeastern corner of Montana, east- ern and south central Wyoming, a portion of north central Colo- rado, all of Nebraska except the southern portion, western Iowa, and a small portion of southwestern Minnesota, all embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River along the main stem and tributaries to Rulo, Nebr., except for that portion of the James River lying in North Dakota. The navigation improvement of that section of the Missouri River from Rulo, Nebr., to Kansas City, Mo. (Quindaro Bend), is under the jurisdiction of the Kansas City, Mo., district. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Missouri River, Kansas City 9. Cherry Creek Dam and Reser- to Sioux City... .. ........ 825 voir, Colo.............................. 840 2. Inactive navigation projects... 829 10. Chatfield Reservoir, South Platte River.......................... 841 Flood Control 11. Missouri River agricultural levees, Sioux City to Mouth 3. Fall River Basin, S. Dak .. - 829 (Sioux City, Iowa to Rulo, 4. Missouri River Basin, Omaha Nebr.)....... .... ............ 842 -- -.. ..-...... district .... ...-- 831 12. Council Bluffs, Missouri River 5. Oahe Reservoir, Missouri River Basin, Iowa ............ .. ......... 843 Basin, S. Dak. and N. Dak .-- 832 13. Omaha, Missouri River Basin, 6. Fort Randall Reservoir, Mis- Nebr.................................... 844 souri River Basin, S. Dak --- 834 14. Inactive flood control projects.. 845 7. Gavins Point Reservoir, Mis- 15. General investigations_........... 845 souri River Basin, S. Dak. 16. Inspection of completed works__ 846 and Nebr..........--- .. ........------ 837 17. Flood control work under spe- 8. Missouri River, Kenslers Bend, cial authorization ....-......... 847 Nebr. to Sioux City, Iowa... 839 1. MISSOURI RIVER, KANSAS CITY TO SIOUX CITY Location. The Jefferson, Madison, and Gallatin Rivers conjoin at Three Forks, Mont., to form the Missouri River, which flows southeasterly 2,464.41 miles across or along seven States to the Mississippi River, 17 miles above St. Louis. The river is the boundary between the States of Missouri, Kan- sas, Nebraska, and Iowa. For description, see page 1149, Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Under the River and Harbor Act of August 14, 1876, the first regulation works were constructed at St. Joseph and Nebraska City, but a project for systematic river improve- ment was not adopted until August 2, 1882, modified by the River and Harbor Acts of July 5, 1884, September 19, 1890, and June 13, 1902. For further details see page 1893, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1175, Annual Report for 1938. 11941 adjusted mileage. 825 826 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Existing project. This provides for a channel of 9-foot depth and width not less than 300 feet, to be obtained by revetment of banks, construction of permeable dikes to contract and stabilize the waterway, cutoffs to eliminate long bends, closing of minor chan- nels, removal of snags and dredging as required. Length of sec- tion under improvement (upper end of Quindaro Bend to Sioux City) is 376.3 miles. The ordinary fluctuation is about 14 feet and the extreme fluctuation about 38 feet. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $214,600,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The esti- mated cost of annual maintenance is $3,050,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: 1 Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 Appropriation of $12,000,000 authorized for the exist- H. Doc. 1120, 60th Cong., 2d sess. ing project. July 3, 1930 Appropriation of $15,000,000 additional authorized; additional allotments totaling $29,153,108 were made by the Public Works Administration under the provisions of the National Industrial Recovery Act of June 16, 1933, and $9,669,791.92 allotted under the provisions of the Emergency Relief Appropria- tion Act of Apr. 8, 1935. Aug. 30,1935 For completion of the project from the mouth to H. Doc. 238, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sioux City, Iowa. Mar. 2, 1945 For a channel of 9-foot depth and 300-foot width...... H. Doec. 214, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contains the latest published maps of Missouri River. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Facilities for loading and unloading grain, petroleum products, and other commodities are at various locations of the river. These facilities are listed in the following table: Location z Description of facility I Miles above Nearest town mouth 3 Ways for manufacturing and launching floating equipment ....... 670. 3 Blair, Nebr. Temporary terminal with facilities for handling and storing petro- 640. 6 Omaha, Nebr. leum products. Grain elevator, headhouse and conveyor, gantry crane, and dock, 632. 3 Do. publicly owned. Dock, and warehouse, publicly owned-.-....-..----..-.......-.-.-- 608. 5 Plattsmouth, Nebr. Grain elevator, privately owned, and a temporary wooden platform 579. 6 Nebraska City, Nebr. with a 60-foot boom for loading and unloading barges, publicly owned. Temporary oil line to river bank_...................___________ 514. 4 Rule, Nebr. Ways for manufacturing, repairing and launching floating equip- 407. 2 South Leavenworth, ment. Kans. Government-owned strategic petroleum oil liquid storage depot, 387. 5 Kansas City, Mo. left bank. Sand and gravel transfer ---.......--------------.............----------....-------- 407.3 Leavenworth, Kans. Sand and gravel transfer_ ___.......................... 434. 6 Atchison, Kans. Sand and gravel transfer.................... .... ___...... 461.2 St. Joseph, Mo. Sand and gravel transfer-----........................---------------------------- 514. 5 Rule, Nebr. 1 Privately owned and operated unless otherwise indicated. 2 On right bank unless otherwise indicated. 81941 adjusted mileage unless otherwise indicated. The above-listed facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT $27 Promotion of additional terminals, however, has been indicated at the following locations as soon as conditions warrant: Sioux City, Whiting, Onawa, California Junction, Blencoe and Council Bluffs, Iowa; Decatur, Tekamah, Blair and Rulo, Nebr.; St. Joseph, Mo., and Leavenworth, Kans. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: This work consisted of construction, by contract, of 84 pile dikes and 10 pile dike extensions totaling 35,622 linear feet, 14 lengths of revetment totaling 25,765 linear feet, at a total cost of $2,952,920; construction, by hired labor, of 19 pile dikes and 2 pile dike exten- sions totaling 9,139 linear feet, and 7 lengths of revetment totaling 14,302 linear feet, and removal of 14,179 linear feet of existing structures, at a total cost of $721,778; acquisition of 29.94 acres of right-of-way and preliminary work in connection with acquisi- tion of right-of-way at a total cost of $7,016; removal of 2,206,- 160 cubic yards of material from 2 localities by the U. S. dredge Lewis at a cost of $126,887; engineering, design and surveys at a cost of $75,394, plus prepayments in the amount of $8,573. The total cost of new work, all prosecuted with regular funds (includ- ing pending adjustments of $1,086) was $3,893,654. Maintenance: This work consisted of construction, by contract, of repair and replacement of 30,996 linear feet of pile dikes, and 61,381 linear feet of revetment, at a total cost of $1,357,798; the accomplishment, by hired labor, of repair or replacement of 19,108 linear feet of pile dikes, and 105,024 linear feet of revet- ment, and removal of 419 linear feet of existing structures, at a total cost of $1,495,384; removal of 735,860 cubic yards of mate- rial from 2 localities by the U. S. dredge Lewis, and 93,510 cubic yards of material from 3 localities by the U. S. dredge Chitten- den, at a total cost of $60,761; removal of 514,110 cubic yards of material from 3 localities by the U. S. dredges Black and Mitchell at a total cost of $97,984; dredging 1,150,990 cubic yards of fill in damaged channel line structures with the U. S. dredge Lewis at a cost of $66,095; real estate management and completion of acqui- sition of right-of-way for St. Joseph avulsion at a total cost of $1,309; and reconstruction of power lines, telephone lines, and ac- cess road at St. Joseph avulsion at a total cost of $11,260. The cost of engineering, design and surveys in connection with hired labor maintenance work was $118,993. Other miscellaneous costs, all charged to maintenance, were: Stream gaging for a special studies and working data at a cost of $17,525; snagging at a cost of $3,245; surveys and mapping at a cost of $25,141; navigation studies at a cost of $34,751; miscellaneous investigations and reports at a cost of $3,074; reconnaissance and marking channel for navigation at a cost of $95,160, minus prepayments in the amount of $14,494. The total cost of all maintenance prosecuted with regular funds was $3,373,986. The total cost for the fiscal year was $7,267,640, of which $3,- 893,654 was for new work and $3,373,986 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in fiscal year 1928 and is scheduled for completion in fiscal year 1963. The work on the entire project Kansas City, Mo. (upper end of Quindaro Bend) to Sioux City, Iowa, was approxi- 828 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 mately 53 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year, based on the present approved estimate of cost. Kansas City to Omaha: The work on this section of the project was approximately 74 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The work remaining to be done to complete this section of the proj- ect consists principally of the construction of additional bank sta- bilization structures and the strengthening of existing pile struc- tures to improve their effectiveness and to prevent their deteriora- tion prior to final stabilization of the banks. Considerable progress has been made in alleviating the more critical erosion problems caused by severe floods, curtailment during World War II, and in- sufficient funds since the war. A reliable channel suitable for lim- ited navigation is available through this section. The practical draft at ordinary stages of the river is 6 to 61/2 feet, with additional depths available during high stages. Commercial navigation was inaugurated on this section in May 1939 but was interrupted due to the war from 1942 until October 1946. Omaha, Nebr., to Sioux City, Iowa: The work between Omaha, Nebr., and Sioux City, Iowa, was approximately 31 percent com- plete at the end of the fiscal year. Loss of alinement and progres- sive destruction of control works continue in most parts of this section of the river, owing to natural deterioration of the struc- tures as a result of curtailment of work during World War II, inadequate funds for new work and maintenance since the war, and several extreme high waters. Much of the river has reverted to its original wild state, and bank erosion is severe at many loca- tions. The rate of destruction has far exceeded the work accom- plished with the limited funds available, with the result that there is no improvement for the channel for this section as a whole. Channel conditions limit practical drafts to 31/2 feet. Under the existing project for systematic work on the 9-foot channel, the work accomplished includes 1,271,775 linear feet of revetment for permanently fixing the banks, 2,341,390 linear feet of pile dikes, 10,142 linear feet of rock dikes, 143,884 linear feet of abatis, 2,287 linear feet of jetties, recrowning 700 linear feet of an existing levee, 19,218 linear feet of retards for stabilization of channel widths, construction of five impermeable structures to close off auxiliary channels, construction of48,237 linear feet of asphalt revetment, effecting three channel cutoffs, and removal of 87.976,638 cubic yards of material dredged from the channel to obtain project depth and width. The total cost of work under the existing project to June 30, 1954, is: Cost New work Maintenance Total Regular funds .____ _____ ____.. .. . .. . . . . .. . $75, 558, 152 $37, 676, 518 $113, 234, 670 Public works funds_ _ ______.... __ . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . ....- 29, 038, 236 114, 180 29, 152, 416 Emergency relief funds__.. ...- .. . - ........ . - .- --.. 9, 613, 073 56, 645 9, 669, 718 Total funds -- .. .. .. .. . ...---------------------- 114, 209, 461 37, 847, 343 152, 056, 804 RIVERS AND HARBORS--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 829 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated- ... $2, 865, 000 $3, 750,000 $4, 000,000 $4,223,000 $3, 500,000 1$116,865, 558 Cost-----. ---------- 2, 929, 685 2, 484,336 3,603, 319 5,959,473 3,893, 654 1116, 796, 078 Maintenance: Appropriated - 3, 790,000 3, 373, 500 4,182, 000 5, 520, 700 3,251,000 2 38, 529, 034 Cost-- --- 3, 03, 77 .----- 3,111, 640 4, 034, 078 6,136,140 3,373,986 238, 417, 547 1 Includes $29,038, 236 National Industrial Recovery Act Funds and $9,613,073 Emergency Relief Funds Also includes an amount for previous project of $2,586,617. sIncludes $114,180 National Industrial Recovery Act Funds and $56, 645 Emergency Funds. Also. includes an amount for previous project of $570,204. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------- $59,808 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ ---- 6,300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955...---------- ------------------------------- 6,359,808 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project--------- --------------------- 94,021,059 2. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost and expenditures to For last June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual to report New work Maintenance complete for- 1. Missouri River, Sioux City, Iowa, to Fort 1948 $3, 123,141 $644,863 (1) Benton, Mdnt. 2. Big Sioux River, S. Dak., and Iowa......---------- 1952 1$844, 000 1 No work is scheduled for the fiscal years 1955 and 1956. 3. FALL RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. Location. The work covered by this project is located in Custer and Fall River Counties, S. Dak., in and near the town of Hot Springs. The Hot Springs unit is in the town of Hot Springs, immediately south of the junction of Cold Brook and Hot Brook which combine to form Fall River; the Cold Brook Reservoir unit is approximately 11/4 miles north of the town of Hot Springs on Cold Brook; and the Cottonwood Springs unit is approximately 41/ miles west of the town of Hot Springs on Cottonwood Springs Creek, one-half mile upstream from its confluence with Hot Brook. Existing project. The project as authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 18, 1941, is a plan of flood protection on the Fall River and tributaries, South Dakota, substantially in ac- cordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 655, 76th Congress, 3d session. The general plan of improvement provides for the protection from flood damage of the people and property of the town of Hot Springs, S. Dak. The Hot Springs channel improvement unit provides for the widening, deepening, and straightening of the present channel of Fall River from a point near the confluence of Hot Brook and Cold Brook to a point 400 feet below the Eighth Street Bridge or a total 830 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARM , 1954 distance of approximately 6,000 feet. Clearing of trees, boulders, concrete slabs, and all obstructions to flow is provided for. The Cold Brook Reservoir unit is designed to control an area of 70.5 square miles, and have a capacity of 6,000 acre-feet at spillway crest, with surcharge at maximum pool of 5,114 acre-feet. The following features are included: Construction of an earthfill dam with uncontrolled outlet; an uncontrolled reinforced concrete con- duit under the dam; and a spillway with a discharge capacity of 85,000 cubic feet per second. at maximum pool elevation through solid rock adjacent to the reservoir. The Cottonwood Springs Reservoir unit will control an area of 26 square miles and have a capacity of 6,160 acre-feet at spillway crest with surcharge at maximum pool of 2,114 acre-feet. The following features are included: Construction of an earthfill dam faced upstream and downstream by dump rock; an uncontrolled reinforced concrete conduit under the dam; and a spillway of 16,100 cubic feet per second capacity at maximum pool elevation through the solid rock right abutment. The (1954) estimated Federal cost is $4,600,000, the estimated local cost (1954) is $138,200. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to bear the expense of bridge modifications and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will take such measures as may be necessary to prevent any encroachments upon the flood channel capacities to be provided by the improvements. The assurances of local cooperation for the Hot Springs unit were approved by the Secretary of War, May 18, 1946. Operation and results during fiscal year. (Regular funds.) Engineering and design studies in connection with foundation grouting of the left abutment of the Cold Brook Unit were con- tinued. A contract for roads and parking area at Cold Brook Dam was advertised and all bids were rejected. Definite project report studies required for the Cottonwood Reservoir Unit were contin- ued. Preparation of the master plan for reservoir management and public use development was continued. Total cost of new work for the fiscal year was $12,610. Operation and care activities included the administration of the project area; sediment and stream gaging activities and miscel- laneous items of ordinary repairs, maintenance, improvements and reconstruction. The total cost of operation and care activities dur- ing the fiscal year was $6,804. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the Hot Springs Unit was completed during fiscal year 1951. The cost for this unit was $1,063,945, all from regular funds, with the exception of con- tributed funds in the amount of $4,250. Construction of the Cold Brook unit dam and appurtenances was completed by contract in fiscal year 1953 with the exception of a road and parking area which are to be readvertised in the late summer of 1954. Prepara- tion of the master plan for the Cold Brook Reservoir- management and public use development was approximately 90 percent com- plete. Engineering and design studies in connection with the foun- FLOOD CONTROI-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 831 dation grouting of the left abutment were essentially completed. Definite project report studies required for the Cottonwood Res- ervoir Unit were in progress. The total cost of new work to the end---of the fiscal year was $2,665,607 of which $2,661,357 was regular funds and $4,250 contributed funds. The total cost of operation and care activities to the end of the fiscal year was $6,804. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_--. $397, 000 $400, 000 $425, 000 $425, 000 -$96, 665 1$2, 733,335 Costace: ... 71,789 , 578,075 519,507 320,479 12,610 12, 661,357 Maintenance: Appropriated- --- ---------- - ------ -- ....... ---.- 7,600 7,600 .... Cost-------------- -------------.. .. ...-----------------------. 6,804 6,804 I In addition, the sum of $4,250 was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_---- $71,978 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 96,665 -------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------------- 168,643 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ -- - 1,770,000 4. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, OMAHA DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood flows at the dam sites. The existing project was authorized by the following flood control acts: Acts.' Work authorized Documents' June 28, 1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee Doc. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong., 1st sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18,1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr., and authorized $7,000,000 additional expenditure. Dec. 22,1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doe. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doe. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. ' Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Sig 27-831-862 832 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Included in the comprehensive plan are the following projects in the Omaha district: Project Estimated Federal cost Missouri River agricultural levees, Sioux City, Iowa, to Rulo, Nebr _------------------- 1 $40, 200,000 Oahe Reservoir, S. Dak. and N. Dak....----------------- ------------------------- 316, 000, 000 Fort Randall Reservoir, S. Dak....------- -------------------------------- 1 195, 000,000 Gavins Point Reservoir, S. Dak. and Nebr----------------------------------------1 53, 000,000 Big Bend Reservoir, S. Dak__..--------------------------------------------------- 71, 500,000 Omaha Nebr........................................------------------------------------------------------------ 1 5, 896, 374 CouncilBluffs, Iowa .... -------------------------------------.-------------------- 1 2, 557, 680 Sioux City, Iowa-- ----------------------------------------------------------- 1 1,230, 000 1Details presented in individual report. Operations and results during fiscal year. The operations dur- ing the fiscal year, together with costs for those projects on which plans were in preparation, are shown in individual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The conditions of the various projects on which work had been initiated are given in individual reports. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. The cost of work under this heading during the fiscal year was $38,952. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: ------------- Appropriated-.............. $15,000 $20, 000 $28, 000 $32, 700 $95, 700 Cost------- . ---------- -------- 12, 393 22, 546 20,593 38, 952 94, 484 5. OAHE RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. AND N. DAK. Location. The Oahe dam site is located on the Missouri River in Hughes and Stanley Counties, S. Dak., about 6 miles northwest of Pierre, S. Dak., and 1,123 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 242 feet and reser- voir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes, with a gross storage capacity of 23,600,000 acre-feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for the initial FLOOD CONTROL--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 833 power installation of two units nominally rated at 85,000 kilowatts each. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin. The estimated cost (1954) is $316,000,000 for the initial project only, which in- cludes initial power installation only. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act, ap- proved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. (Regular funds.) Acquisition of lands for the dam site and reservoir was continued. Construction contracts for the sheet pile wall and closure of the exploratory drift were completed. Delivery was made on initial supply contracts for lightning arrestors, circuit breakers, auto- transformers and disconnect switches to be used initially in the temporary switchyard. Continuing contracts were initiated for earthwork stage III, and the outlet works stage I consisting of six intake structures and six reinforced concrete tunnels 19 feet 9 inches in diameter and approximately 1,600 feet long. Work on these contracts during the year included placement of approxi- mately 4,500,000 cubic yards of embankment and placement of 10,000 cubic yards of concrete in the intake structures. A con- tinuing contract for construction of the administration facilities was initiated. A continuing contract was negotiated with the South Dakota Highway Department for the relocation of U. S. Highways 212 and 12. A contract for the storm sewer outfall ditch at Pierre, S. Dak., was initiated and completed. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $4,958,130. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in August 1948 and is scheduled for completion in 1963. Work in connection with the preparation of detailed plans was complete. Plans and specifications for the downstream tun- nels of the outlet works were completed and approved. Prepara- tion of contract plans and specifications was approximately 43 per- cent complete. Construction of housing facilities, west access road, access railroad, earthwork stage I, earthwork stage II, sheet pile wall, closure of the exploratory drift, and the storm drainage system was complete. Delivery was made on circuit breakers, autotransformers, disconnect switches and lightning arrestors. Continuing contracts for earthwork stage III and outlet works stage I were approximately 40 percent and 6 percent complete, respectively. A continuing contract was awarded for the adminis- tration facilities at the dam site and was approximately 9 percent complete. The entire project was approximately 6 percent com- plete. Additional work required to complete the project includes additional earthwork; remainder of outlet works; powerhouse; spillway; reservoir and pool preparation, including relocation of existing facilities; and acquisition of additional lands. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $20,341,532. 834 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ _30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated.-...... $1,500,000 $3, 600,000 $3,770, 000 $2,985, 000 $6, 550,000 $22, 905,000 Cost -------------- 1,681,091 3,237,823 3,556,714 3,605,872 4,958,130 20,341,532 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_-- ----- $2, 045 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -- 10,700,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ aoteet-r cfr- 10,702,045 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project _ __ _ ---------- 282,395,000 6. FORT RANDALL RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. Location. The Fort Randall dam site is located on the Missouri River in Charles Mix and Gregory Counties, S. Dak., about 82 miles above Yankton, S. Dak. The site is 922 miles above the mouth of the Missouri River and 162 miles above Sioux City, Iowa. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 160 feet and a reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes, with a gross storage capacity of 6,300,000 acre-feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for the ultimate power in- stallation of eight units nominally rated at 40,000 kilowatts each. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other pur- poses in the Missouri River Basin. The estimate of cost (1954) is $195,000,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operation and results during fiscal year. (Regular funds.) Preparation of contract plans and specifications by hired labor was continued. Contracts for design and preparation of contract plans and specifications for the hydroelectric power plant and the rail- road bridge across the Missouri River for the relocated Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad were continued. Acquisi- tion of land was completed and disposal of improvements thereon was continued. A negotiated contract with the State of South Dakota for the relocation of South Dakota State Highway No. 47 and U. S. Highways Nos. 16, 18, and 281 was continued. A nego- tiated contract with the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul, and Pacific Railroad for relocation of railroad facilities in the vicinity of Chamberlain and Oacoma, S. Dak., was continued. Continuing contracts for the relocation of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad at Chamberlain, S. Dak., Stages I, IIA, and III were completed; stages IIB and IV were continued, and stage V (salvage of existing line) were initiated. The railroad company began operating over the new line on December 7, 1953. Negotiated contracts for the municipal water works, Chamber- FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 835 lain, South Dakota, and relocation of Oacoma Township Roads, Lyman County, S. Dak., were completed. Negotiated contracts for relocation of municipal sewer facilities at Chamberlain, S. Dak., and relocation of the Northwestern Bell Telephone Company's toll line near Chamberlain, S. Dak., were continued. Contracts were negotiated and work initiated by the owners for relocation of trans- mission lines owned by the West Central Electric Cooperative and the facilities of the Fort Hale Telephone Company. Negotiations for relocating the power lines of the Central Electric and Gas Com- pany were initiated. A continuing contract for the water supply system, Chamberlain, S. Dak., was completed. Negotiated con- tracts with the owners for relocation of facilities of the Scalp Creek Telephone Company, the Valley Telephone Company, and the Trans-Township Telephone Company were completed. Condemna- tion proceedings for the relocation of county and township roads in Charles Mix County were initiated, and work was completed under continuing contracts for the roads in Gregory and Lyman Counties, S. Dak., Earthwork, stage IV, was essentially completed and earthwork, stage V, was continued. Approximately 6,600,000 cubic yards of materials were excavated, of which 3,750,000 cubic yards were placed in the embankment. A contract for embank- ment relief wells was completed. Contracts for intake gates, gate hoists, penstocks, and surge tanks and stages I and II of spillway construction were continued. Contracts for furnishing the floating boom, stoplog, lifting beam, gate seals, and trashrack rake for the intake structures; regulating gate and frame and regulating gate hoist for the outlet structure; and monorail equipment for the spillway were initiated. A con- tinuing contract for reservoir clearing was completed. Contracts for furnishing turbines, governors, generators, power transform- ers, and switchgear were continued. Two generators were placed in operation during the fiscal year. Contracts for construction of a public service building, roads, parking areas, and boat ramps, and initial wildlife habitat planting were started. Pursuant to an agreement made with the Bureau of Indian Affairs, contracts for relocation of roads serving the Crow Creek Indian Reservation at Fort Thompson, S. Dak., were initiated. Preparation of plans and specifications for the remaining Indian Agency facilities were vir- tually completed. Bank slope protection, sections II and III in the vicinity of Chamberlain, S. Dak., were well advanced. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $35,- 843,461 from regular funds. Operation and maintenance activities included the initial opera- tion of two generating units of the powerhouse, regulation of the reservoir through operation of the outlet works, training of power- house operators, reservoir regulation studies, and miscellaneous items of ordinary repairs and maintenance. The total cost of operation and maintenance activities during the fiscal year was $212,938, all from regular funds. Conditions at end of the fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in May 1946 and is scheduled for completion in 1957. Preparation of detailed plans was complete, and preparation of contract plans and specifications by hired labor was about 94 per- 836 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 cent complete. Contracts for design and preparation of contract plans and specifications for the hydroelectric power plant and the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad bridge were each approximately 99 percent complete. Acquisition of land for the dam and reservoir was complete; however, 428 tracts were still in litigation at the end of the fiscal year. Under the negotiated con- tract with the State of South Dakota for highway relocation U. S. Highways 18 and 281 have been routed across the dam, although final location of a portion of the road is dependent ipon completion of the embankment. The relocated U. S. Highway 16 is in use although surfacing of that portion from the west end of the Mis- souri River bridge to Oacoma had just been started at the end of the year, and work on South Dakota State Highway No. 47 was in progress. The relocation of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul, and Pacific Railroad was complete except for stage V (salvage) and the formal transfer of lands involved. The relocation of the municipal water supply system at Chamberlain, S. Dak., was complete and the relocation of that city's municipal sewer facilities was 94 per- cent complete. Bank slope protection in the vicinity of Chamber- lain, S. Dak., was approximately 29 percent complete. Relocation of roads in Gregory and Lyman Counties, S. Dak., was complete, and roads in Charles Mix County were in condemnation. Remain- ing utility relocations, including telephone and power facilities, were 13 percent complete. Reservoir clearing was complete. Earthwork stage V (final) was approximately 48 percent com- plete. The spillway was essentially complete. Continuing con- tracts for furnishing generators, hydraulic turbines, turbine gov- ernors, power transformers, oil circuit breakers, main control boards, main and neutral switchgear, oil-filled pipe cable, and out- door switchgear were in progress. Two generators were in opera- tion, the first having gone on the line on March 15, and the second on May 18. A total of 68,114,000 kilowatt hours of electricity was produced during fiscal year 1954. Continuing contracts for con- struction of powerhouse superstructure and penstocks and surge tanks were approximately 73 and 70 percent complete, respectively. Filling of the operating or power zone of the pool proceeded as river flow permitted. On June 30, 1954, the pool was at approxi- mate elevation 1,320 and a total volume of 1,835,000 acre-feet of water was impounded in the reservoir. The entire project was 84 percent complete. The major items of work remaining on this project are: comple- tion of work in progress described above; regulating gate struc- tures; embankment crest roadway and lighting; seeding and planting of embankment and reservoir areas; riprap on embank- ment as needed; construction of reservoir approach roads and pub- lic access facilities. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $163,852,963 for new work and $212,938 for maintenance, all from regular funds. FLOOD CONTROL--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 837 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-.- -$23, 655,000 $32, 580, 000 $33,064,975 $31, 975,025 $13, 000, 000 $165,897, 700 Cost--------------... 23,066,868 23,966, 599 19, 862,165 34, 903, 774 35,843, 461 163, 852, 963 Maintenance: Appropriated ...... ------------ ------------------ ------ ------------ 224, 200 224, 200 Cost ...--------------------------- 212, 937 212,937 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 __ $6,938 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - 15,500,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- ------------------------------------------ 15,506,938 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project---------- ---------------------- 13,602,300 7. GAVINS POINT RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, S. DAK. AND NEBR. Location. The Gavins Point Dam site is located on the Missouri River in Yankton County, S. Dak., and Knox County, Nebr., about 4 miles upstream from Yankton, S. Dak., and about 850 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a con- crete and rolled earthfill dam with a maximum height of 72 feet and a reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes, with a gross storage capacity of 540,- 000 acre-feet at maximum operating pool. It provides for the ultimate power installation of three units nominally rated at 33,333 kilowatts each. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin. The estimate of cost (1954) is $53,000,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. (Regular funds.) Preparation of contract plans and specifications were continued by hired labor. A contract for the design and preparation of contract plans and specifications for the hydroelectric power plant was con- tinued. Acquisition of land for the dam site and reservoir area was continued. Contracts for furnishing hydraulic turbines, turbine governors, and for furnishing and installing generators were con- tinued. A contract for the construction of the powerhouse sub- structure; intake structure, spillway, and stage II earthwork was continued. The quantities of excavation and embankment com- 838 REPORT OF, CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 pleted during the year were approximately 4,870,000 and 3,430,000 cubic yards, respectively. Supply contracts were awarded for bulk- heads and stoplogs, powerhouse crane, transformers, monorail, in- take Gantry crane, intake gates, oil circuit breakers, trashrack, floating boom, main control boards, 15 KV transformer leads, 13.8 KV switchgear, 460-V unit type substation,.draft tube crane, ice skimmer and unwatering pumps and controls. A construction con- tract for the powerhouse superstructure and a supply contract for the station service control center and convertible panel boards were under advertisement. Bids were opened and award was pending on switchyard and transformer yard structures. Contract plans and specifications were completed for reservoir clearing and the relocation of the Springfield sewer. Relocations of South Dakota State and county highways were being negotiated. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $9,728,086. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the project was initiated in March 1952 and is scheduled for completion in 1958. Preparation of detailed plans was complete and preparation of contract plans and specifications by hired labor was about 67 percent complete. The contract for the design and preparation of contract plans and specifications for the hydroelectric power plant was about 94 percent complete. Construction of the south access road, improvements to the Yankton Bridge, administration build- ing, and utilities for the administration building was complete. The contract for stage I earthwork was complete. The contract for the powerhouse substructure, intake structure, spillway and stage II earthwork was about 45 percent complete. To date a total of 6,368,000 cubic yards of excavation and 5,430,000 cubic yards of embankment has been completed. A contract to furnish hy- draulic turbines was about 19 percent complete and a contract to furnish and install generators was about 2 percent complete. The entire project is approximately 28 percent complete. The major items of work remaining to be awarded consist of the construction of the powerhouse superstructure, installing me- chanical and electrical equipment in the powerhouse and switch- yard, relocation of roads, clearing of the reservoir area, and the acquisition of additional lands. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $14,- 626,229, all of which was from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ........ $168,785 $20,000 $2,000,000 $7,712,000 $0,000,00 $20, 380, 785 Cost .. 196, 696 121,964 463,085 3,901,073 9,728,086 14,626,229 Other new workl data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 _ _ $392 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__ 11,300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .--- -------- 11,300,392 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project __ 21,319,215 FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 839 8. MISSOURI RIVER, KENSLERS BEND, NEBR., TO SIOUX CITY, IOWA Location. This project is located along the Missouri River be- tween Ponca Bend, Nebr., and the combination bridge at Sioux City, Iowa. Existing project. The existing project authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and modified by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, provides for the construction of dikes, revetments and channel improvement along the Missouri River from Miners Bend and vicinity, S. Dak. and Nebr., to Sioux City, Iowa. The estimated cost of new work under the project (1954) is $10,700,000. The estimated cost of annual maintenance is $153,000. ..:: Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work consisted of construction, by contract, of 2 lengths of revetment totaling 12,072 linear feet at a cost of $480,868. Maintenance consisted of repair of 800 linear feet of dikes, by contract, at a cost of $100,552. The total cost for the fiscal year was $581,420. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on the project was started in June 1946 and was approximately 40 percent complete on June 30, 1954, based on the present estimate of cost. The project is scheduled for completion in fiscal year 1958. The physical extent of work accomplished at the end of the fiscal year includes the completion of 550 linear feet of rock dikes, 7,441 linear feet of pile dikes, and 71,802 linear feet of revetment. Construction to prevent bank erosion was started at bluff con- tact on the right bank in Kenslers Bend, about twelve miles up- stream from the Combination Bridge at Sioux City, Iowa. The works necessary to control bank erosion in this reach are about 78 percent completed. The work is effective in controlling the bank erosion on the right bank in Kenslers Bend, and partially effective in controlling bank erosion on the left bank in the McCook Lake area and on the right bank in Big Sioux Bend. Erosion is active on the left bank in Upper Sioux City Bend since construction has not been started which will control bank erosion at this site. Work has not been started in the upper limits of the project in the Miners Bend area. The total cost of the project at the end of the fiscal year was $4,695,684, of which $4,250,806 was for new work and '$444,878 was for maintenance. 840 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------- $395, 000 $1,014,609 ---------------------- $500, 000 $4, 287, 669 Cost-.......----....---....--------..... 576,536 554,116 $505, 590 $403, 291 480,868 4,250,806 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- 147,000 58,000 70,000 57, 000 99,000 446, 000 Cost----------------- 89,795 112894 70,013 56,625 100, 552 444,878 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954.$--------------7,622 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--. .. 600,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------------------------------------- 607,622 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project------------------------ - 5,812,331 5---- 9. CHERRY CREEK DAM AND RESERVOIR, COLO. Location. The Cherry Creek Dam and Reservoir is located on Cherry Creek in Arapahoe County, Colo., approximately miles southeast of the city of Denver, Colo. Cherry Creek joins the South Platte River within the city limits of Denver. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled earthfill dam with maximum height of 140 feet above the stream bed and 14,300 feet in length. The project includes a reinforced concrete outlet works and an uncontrolled side channel spillway canal discharging into the adjacent Toll Gate Creek, thus bypassing the city of Den- ver. The Cherry Creek project provides reservoir storage capacity of 95,000 acre-feet below the spillway canal invert and surcharge storage of 136,400 acre-feet above this elevation. Initial plan for operation is for flood control only. The plan of operation in the ultimate development for multiple purpose uses includes 10,000 acre-feet for sediment storage, 85,000 acre-feet for conservation purposes, and surcharge storage for flood control purposes. The estimated cost of the initial project for flood control only (1954) is $14,567,270. The existing project was authorized by the following flood con- trol acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 18, 1941 The initiation and partial accomplishment of the H. Doe. 426, 76th Cong., 1st sess. project. Dec. 22,1944 Completion of the plan approved in the act of Aug. 18, Do. 1941. Do-....... General comprehensive plan, Missouri River Basin.. H. Doe. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. (Regular funds.) This project was completed on June 30, 1953. Litigation to estab- FLOOD CONTROL-OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 841 lish equitable payment for certain tracts of reservoir land and flowage rights was continued. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,707. Operations and care activities included the administration of the project area; continuation of sediment studies and stream gaging activities; and continuation of miscellaneous items of ordinary repairs, maintenance, improvements, and reconstruction. The total cost of operation and care activities during the fiscal year was $47,605. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction on the project was initiated in fiscal year 1943 and was physically complete on June 30, 1953. Final litigation to establish equitable payment for certain tracts of reservoir land and flowage rights is still pending. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $14,- 566,215. The total cost of operation and care activities was $105,287, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------..... $ 150,000 $216,708 ------------- $35, 000 -$ 5,000 $14,567, 270 Cost- .....- . 3,397,106 361,626 $ 56, 373 21,154 1,707 14,566,214 Maintenance: Appropriated ...-------- ------------ 20, 000 27,000 30,000 33,700- 110, 700 Cost...------------------------- 10, 099 24,352 21, 297 47,605 105, 287 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 --------------- $1,056 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ -------------------------------------------------- 1,056 10. CHATFIELD RESERVOIR SOUTH PLATTE RIVER BASIN, COLO. Location. The Chatfield Reservoir Project, Colo., is located on the South Platte River in northeast Colorado, approximately 8 miles southwest of the city of Denver. Existing project. The project consists of an earth-fill dam approximately 132 feet high with a gross storage capacity of 200,- 000 acre-feet. This project is a unit of the plan of improvement for the main stem and certain tributaries of the South Platte River for flood control and allied purposes. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document 669, 80th Congress, 2d session. The act au- thorized $26,300,000 for partial accomplishment of the work described in House Document 669. The estimated cost for new work (1954) is $32,600,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work has been initiated under this project. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 842 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-. - - $30,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------------------------------ 30,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -------------------------------- _ 32,570,000 11. MISSOURI RIVER AGRICULTURAL LEVEES, SIOUX CITY, IOWA, TO THE MOUTH (SIOUX CITY, IOWA, TO RULO, NEBR.) Location. The Missouri River rises in southwestern Montana and flows generally southeasterly 2,464.4 miles across or along seven States to a confluence with the Mississippi River 17 miles above St. Louis, Mo. The project covers only the portion from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth or approximately 760 miles of the river. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a series of levee units and appurtenant works along both sides of the Missouri River from Sioux City, Iowa, to the mouth, for the pro- tection of agricultural lands and small communities against floods. The estimate of cost for that portion of the project from Sioux City, Iowa, to Rulo, Nebr. (1954) is $45,555,000, of which $40,200,- 000 is Federal cost for construction and $5,355,000 is local cost for lands and damages. This cost includes funds necessary to connect one unit of this project to the authorized Hamburg, Iowa, project on the Nishnabotna River. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Con- trol Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' Aug. 18, 1941 Levees along both sides of the river from Sioux City H. Doc. 821, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to Kansas City. Dec. 22, 1944 Extended project from Kansas City to the mouth and H. Doe. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; provided for increased protection. S. Doe. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess. S. Doec. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, applies. Units on which construction has been completed have been turned over to local interests and local cooperation requirements are being fulfilled in accordance with formal assurances previously furnished. Local interests have either furnished, or have indicated that they will furnish, assur- ances of the required cooperation for units that are programmed for construction. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. (Regular funds.) Preparation of detailed plans and contract plans and specifications was continued by hired labor. Preparation of a revised design memorandum for Unit R-616 was completed and forwarded for approval. Preparation of the revised design memorandum for Unit L-614 was continued. Contracts for surfacing levee crests FLOOD CONTROL--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 843 of units L-575, R-562, L-627-624, R-548, L-550, and L-536 were completed. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $550,355. Conditions at end of year. Construction was initiated on the project in November 1947 and is scheduled for completion in 1964. Construction is complete on all units for which construction funds have been appropriated. Engineering and design on the entire project is about 69 percent complete. The entire project was ap- proximately 35 percent complete, based on the present approved estimate of cost. The total Federal cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $13,865,962, all from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - $1,861,350 $1,615,000 $768,100 $179,000 $ 25,000 $13,942,450 Cost.- - - 3, 533,966 2,593,247 720,331 848,240 550,355 13, 865,962 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $76,347 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ----- 50,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ _ -___ _ 126,347 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -------------------------------- 26,207,550 12. COUNCIL BLUFFS, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, IOWA Location. On the left bank of the Missouri River in the vicinity of Council Bluffs, Iowa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of levees and appurtenant works in the vicinity of Council Bluffs, Iowa, on the left bank of the Missouri River, for protection of municipal and industrial areas, from floods of past magnitude. The existing project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, and in the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. The estimated cost of the im- provement (1954) is $2,703,480, of which $2,557,680 is Federal cost for construction and $145,800 is local costs for lands and dam- ages. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. (Regular funds.) This project was completed during fiscal year 1954. The major item of work was the surfacing of the crest of the Indian Creek levees. The final item of the project was turned over to local in- terests on May 7, 1954. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $43,872. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated on the project in July 1946 and was completed in fiscal year 1954. The total Federal cost of the project was $2,557,680. In addition, the sum of $12,840 has been expended from contributed funds. 844 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -... $400,000 -$ 90,000 $75, 000 $200,000 -$77, 320 $2,557, 680 Cost 916,510 274, 273 93,016 100,896 43,872 12, 557, 680 1 In addition, the sum of $12,840 was expended from contributed funds. 13. OMAHA, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, NEBR. Location. This project is located on the right bank of the Mis- souri River in the vicinity of Omaha, Nebr. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of levees and appurtenant works along the right bank of the Missouri River, for protection of municipal and industrial areas, from floods of past magnitude. The existing project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general com- prehensive plan for flood control in the Missouri River Basin. The estimated cost of improvement (1954) is $6,258,374 of which $5,896,374 is Federal cost for construction and $362,000 is local cost for lands and damages. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. (Regular funds.) This project was completed during fiscal year 1954, the final item of the project being turned over to local interests on May 7, 1954. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $2,203. Conditions at end of the fiscal year. Construction was initiated in July 1946 and the project was completed during fiscal year 1954. The total Federal cost of the project was $5,896,374. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated..--..... $ 335,000 -$ 14,609 ... $154, 600 -$3, 617 $5, 896, 374 Cost.------------- 1,534,200 284, 807 $12, 973 148,887 2, 203 5, 896,374 FLOOD CONTROL--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 845 14. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost and expenditures to Estimated full report, June 30, 1954 amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and :complete for- maintenance Council Bluffs, Iowa (act of 1936).............. 1939 $325 ....-.-. -(1) . Belle Fourche, Cheyenne River, S. Dak......... 1940 37, 410 ...... (1) Missouri River, Niobrara, Nebr.........-.... . - 1945 99, 370 $5, 633 (s) Platte River near Schuyler, Nebr_.-----..--. . 1948 74, 940 ........... (s) Nishnabotna River at Hamburg, Iowa .......... 1948 236, 000 ...-.... -. () Denison, East Fork of Boyer River, Iowa-...... 1949 4, 300-..-.-..--.... (2) Castlewood Dam and Reservoir, Cherry Creek 1943 56, 721 ............. $14, 343, 279 and tributaries, Colorado Morrison, Bear Creek, Coleo _-................ 1950 30, 000 .......-.-.-.- 656, 000 Sioux City, Missouri River Basin, Iowa---------......... 1950 1,215-------------- 1,228,749 Big Bend Reservoir, Missouri River Basin--...... 1952 ............................ 71, 500,000 Boulder, Cole _------------5 1952 -------------- --------- ----- 551,000 Erie, Colo.--.-------------..-------_. 1952 ------- 59,000 Little Sioux River and its tributaries, Iowa-...... 1952 152,100---------- 5, 457, 900 Elkhorn River Basin, Omaha district------........... 1952 ...-.-- ..--- ......- 4, 052, 000 Disaster operation "Snowbound"............... 1952 7, 005, 939 . ..-.... . (C) South Platte River levees and channel improve- 1953 ..............---------------........ $31,800, 000 ments, Chatfield Reservoir to Fort Morgan, Colo. 1 Completed as a Public Works Administration project. 2 All of the work contemplated under this authorization has been completed. sProject complete. 15. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys, flood control studies. Reports on the following investigations were submitted to the Chief of Engi- neers during the fiscal year: Survey on Flood Control for Shell Creek and Its Tributaries, Nebraska. Review on Flood Control for Gering and Mitchell Valleys, Ne- braska. Work was continued on the following investigations during the fiscal year: Survey on Flood Control for Floyd River and Its Tributaries, Iowa (85 percent complete). Survey on Flood Control for James River and Its Tributaries, N. Dak. and S. Dak. (22 percent complete). Survey on Flood Control for Platte River and Its Tributaries, Nebraska (49 percent complete). Total cost of the above investigations for the fiscal year was $41,201. The unexpended balance of $2,386 will be applied toward completion of these investigations. It is estimated that an addi- 846 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 tional $64,800 can be profitably spent during fiscal year 1955 to continue the program of flood control examinations and surveys as follows: Floyd River, $14,000; James River, $30,800; and Platte River, $20,000. Collection and study of basic data. Storm studies and sediment studies, all of minor scope, pertaining to the analysis of basic data for tributary streams and their basins were initiated during the fiscal year. The cost of this work was $4,486. The unexpended balance of $14 will be used to continue the studies. The scope of this program has been expanded to include hydro- logic studies and the collection and analysis of noncooperative stream and rain-gage data. The sum of $16,000 can be profitably expended for the program during fiscal year 1955. 16. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORKS Inspections of completed flood protection projects constructed with Federal funds in the Omaha District are made in accordance with Federal Regulations to assure that the works are being prop- erly operated and maintained and are in readiness to perform their mission at all times. Inspection of completed works during the fiscal year 1954 con- sisted of inspection of the following local flood protection projects: Project Inspection cost Belle Fourche, Cheyenne River, S. Dak ......... .................. $115. 00 Fall River Basin, S. Dak. (Hot Springs Channel Improvement) ................... 125.00 City of Aurora, Westerly Creek, Colo............ ..........-------------------------------... 150.00 Platte River Near Schuyler, Nebr .....---------- - ---------------- 35.00 Omaha Missouri River Basin, Nebraska.... ... ................... 650.00 Councii Bluffs, Missouri River Basin, Iowa. -............. ........ 375.00 Agricultural Levee Unit L-627...... -----------------------------------.. 150.00 Agricultural Levee Unit L-624 ----------------------------------- 100.00 Agricultural Levee Unit R-580_ 50.00 Agricultural Levee Unit I-575........ 450. 00 Agricultural Levee Unit L-561 . ... -........ . . 125.00 Agricultural Levee Unit L-550.........-----------------------------------225.00 Agricultural Levee Unit L-536.................. ...................------------.......... .... 150.00 Agricultural Levee Unit R-573...........----------------------------------- 75.00 Agricultural Levee Unit R-562 ..-... _-..-........----------- 75.00 Agricultural Levee Unit R-548 ------------ 150.00 Total inspection cost.......... ---------------....... $3, 000.00 The total cost during the fiscal year was $3,000.00. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated .__ . -- 700---- $__1, .. $2.000 $x,000 $6,700 Cost.. 234 $1,466 1 2,000 3,000 6, 700 FLOOD CONTROL--OMAHA, NEBR., DISTRICT 847 17. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and Clearing of Navigable Streams and Tributaries in the interests of Flood Control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act.) No work was performed during the fiscal year. Cost and financial sunmlmar!/ Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated . ---- - $1,000 Cost - 1,000 Emergency Bank Protection (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). Work during the fiscal year consisted of strengthening 2,572 linear feet of pile dike protecting the River Road at Sioux City, Iowa, at a total cost of $46,202. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .. $ 93,269 -$5, 905 _ $85,000 -$ 7,019 $1, 103, 195 Cost---------------- 101, 782 6,972 ..- - 27, 981 46, 202 1,099, 397 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $3,798 Small Flood Control Projects not specifically authorized by Congress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Costs were incurred on the following projects during the fiscal year: Buffalo Creek, vicinity of Scranton, N. Dak.: Preparation of a project report on the flood problem along Buffalo Creek. Work was initiated in fiscal year 1953 and continued during fiscal year 1954 at a cost of $969. Spring Creek at Herreid, S. Dak.: Construction of a levee and appurtenant works at Herreid, S. Dak. Work was initiated in fiscal year 1953 and completed during fiscal year 1954 at a cost of $42,672. Aurora, Westerly Creek, Colo.: Construction of a detention dam and reservoir for the flood protection of Aurora, Colo. Work was initiated in fiscal year 1953 and completed except for minor items during fiscal year 1954 at a cost of $136,939. The total cost incurred during the fiscal year was $180,580. 848 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary EFiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-......__.____.... ..- $35,500 $____ $152,500 $ 14,716 $202,716 Cost_- _5, 661 11,623 180, 580 197, 864 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $1,877 Flood control emergencies--repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorization.) The following work was performed dur- ing the fiscal year: Continuation of the 1952 flood damage repairs consisting of the restoration of privately constructed levees by the placement of earth fills and construction: of appurtenant- erosion protection works; restoration of federally constructed Missouri River Agri- cultural Levees; and repair of sewers, gate structures and appur- tenances of the Omaha, Nebraska flood protection works. Repair of damage by the 1953 flood to the Floyd River channel at: Sioux City, Iowa. Flood fighting and rescue work in connection with the 1954 flood on the Big Sioux, Little Sioux, Floyd, and Vermillion Rivers; and engineering studies for the repair of flood control structures dam- aged thereby. The total cost of work performed duringthe fiscal yeaE was $1,468,276. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 . . Total to June 30, 1954, includ- Sing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated- ..... -$ 76, 826 $464,094 .$4,974,i 25 $5, 763,975 $ 273,000 $14,113,022 Cost--------------368,515 243, 878 4864841 4,796, 536 1, 468, 276 113, 970, 162 1 In addition, the sum of $40,838 was expended from contributed funds, and $100,000 from the appropria- tion Mississippi River and tributaries. FLOOD CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS IN THE GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of northwestern, southwestern, and south central North Dakota, a small portion of northwestern South Dakota, northeastern Wyoming, and southeastern Mon- tana. It includes the watershed of the Missouri River and its tributaries between the mouth of the Yellowstone River (N. Dak.) and the North Dakota-South Dakota State line and that portion of the James River Basin lying in North Dakota. IMPROVEMENTS Flood Control Page Page 1. Missouri River Basin, Garrison 4. Inactive flood control projects ..- 853 District . 849 5. General investigations .............. 854 2. Garrison Reservoir, Missouri 6. Inspection of completed projects 854 River Basin, N. Dak.... .. 850 7. Flood control work under special 3. Mandan, N. Dak ........................ 853 _____ authorization______ ___........... 854 1. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, GARRISON DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this project are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth and reservoirs located on the main: stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood flows at the darn sites. The existing project was authorized by the following flood control acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' June 28, 1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee. Dec. 1, River Basin and authorized $9,000,000 for initiation 75th Cong., 1st sess. and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18,1941 Modified the General comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr. and authorized $7,000,000 for additional expenditure. Dec. 22, 1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24, 1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. ' Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. 849 850 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Included in the comprehensive plan are the following projects in the Garrison District: Estimated Project Federal cost Garrison Reservoir, N. Dak_ 279, 000, 000 $------------------------------------- Operations during the fiscal year. The operations performed during the fiscal year 1954 for projects on which work was under way are given in the individual reports. Under sections 7 and 9 of Public Law 534, Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of operations of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation, as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. The costs during the fiscal year under this heading were $14,998. A balance of $130.00 is available for further work in connection with the scheduling of flood control reservoir operations. Cost and .financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _______30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 ing fiscal years prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated- .......- - $6, 500 $3, 000 $3, 000 $12, 000 $24, 500 Cost-- - 6,500 875 1, 997 14, 998 24, 370 2. GARRISON RESERVOIR, MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, N. DAK. Location. The Garrison dam site is located on the Missouri River in McLean and Mercer Counties, N. Dak., about 11 miles south of Garrison, N. Dak., and 9 miles west of Coleharbor, N. Dak. The site is 1,455.0 (1941 adjusted river miles) miles above the mouth of the river and 77 miles above Bismarck, N. Dak. Existing project. The project plan provides for the construc- tion of a dam and reservoir for flood control, irrigation, navigation, hydroelectric power, and other purposes. The dam will be a rolled earth-fill structure with a crest length of 12,000 feet and a maxi- mum height of 210 feet. The spillway will be controlled by 28 tainter crest gates 29 feet high and 40 feet long located in the east abutment. Reinforced concrete outlet works containing five power tunnels and three flood-control tunnels will be located in the west abutment. A hydroelectric power generating plant will be located adjacent to the outlet works. The reservoir will have a gross stor- age capacity of 23,000,000 acre-feet for multiple purpose use in- cluding 4,900,000 acre-feet as dead storage. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.), as part of the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Mis- souri River Basin. The estimated cost, $279,000,000 (July 1954) is for the initial project only, which includes initial power installa- FLOOD CONTROL-GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 851 tion of three 80,000 kilowatt units and initial protection in the vicinity of Williston, N. Dak., but is exclusive of diversion into the Dakotas. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. ($24,000 contributed by local interests specifically for the construction of the New Town School.) Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Surveys, founda- tion explorations, engineering studies, sedimentation program, and designs for the detailed plans were continued during the fiscal year. General design memoranda were completed for protective works for Williston and vicinity. Plans and specifications were completed for the following major items: Embankment-stage V, reservoir clearing-stage I, relief well channel, spillway monorail hoist, Snake Creek-U.S. 83-paving, spillway stop-log hoists, trash racks, several Indian road reloca- tions; and miscellaneous minor items. Negotiations were com- pleted for relocation of several utility cooperatives, county roads and minor items. Master reservoir plan was completed. Construc- tion features completed during the year included: relocation of sev- eral Indian reservation roads, BIA streets, buildings and utilities, Indian cemeteries, Snake Creek-embankment and relief wells, Sanish Bridge substructure, and Otter Tail Power Company electric lines; reservoir clearing-stage I; embankment--stage IV; a num- ber of riprap contracts; west abutment grouting-section IV; east abutment grouting-section I; embankment relief wells and chan- nel; intake structure; hoists, gates and other operating equipment; auto transformers; permanent water intake-Riverdale; several items of permanent operating equipment and other minor items. In addition the following items of work were carried on or initiated during the fiscal year: Embankment--stage V; relocation of BIA buildings, schools, streets, and utilities; New Town School; reservoir clearing--stage I; west and east abutment grouting; embankment relief wells and channel; spillway gate hoists; trash racks; powerhouse and switchyard; penstocks and surge tanks; main control switchboards; station switchgear and transformers; 15 KV switchgear and generator leads; switchyard steel and equip- ment; oil circuit breakers; oil filled pipe cable system; two 300-ton cranes; turbines, governors, and generators; spillway structure and gates;. concrete aggregates Sanish Bridge superstructure; reloca- tion of Indian roads, township, county, state, and Federal high- ways; relocation of railroads and telegraph lines; relocation of public utilities; several items of permanent operating equipment; and miscellaneous minor hired labor and contract items. Preparation of engineering data, tract maps, appraisal reports, and acquisition of lands in the construction and reservoir areas were carried on throughout the fiscal year. The total cost of new work during the fiscal year was $42,699,677* from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. In addition to completion of contract plans and specifications as listed in the preceding section, preliminary studies, design and preparation of plans and specifica- tions are underway for the spillway stilling basin, protective works- Williston, reservoir clearing-stage II, east abutment grouting- * Exclusive of $24,000 expended from contributed funds. 852 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 section III, 12.5 KV connection to spillway, dam and roadway lighting, Williams County roads-bridges, and permanent operating equipment. Negotiations, plans and specifications are in progress for various relocation features. A program of sedimentation studies and degradation investigations is being continued. Field investigations and laboratory tests on foundation and embankment materials are in progress. Permanent work on the project is ap- proximately 73 percent complete. The percentage of completion ot the following major features at the end of the fiscal year is as follows : -Features Percent complete Lands and damages .. ........----------------------------------------- --- 83 Relocations---------- ------------------------------------------ 54 Roads------ --------- --------------------------------------- 74 Railroads-------------------------------------------------- 89 Cemeteries, utilities, structures.....----------------------------------- 24 Reservoir and pool preparation .....---------------------------------- ---- 37 Damn... -----..-------------..-.. ----------------------------- 7..7....- 77 Power plant................... 55 Powerhouse------------------------------------------------- 65 Turbines and generators-----...............................---------------------------------- 44 Switchyard, accessory, and miscellaneous.-------------------------- 57 Roads, railroads, and bridges ...... --------------------------------------- 72 Recreation facilities . .............-------------------------------------------- -- 19 Buildings, grounds, and utilities..-------------------------------------.95 Permanent operating equipment-----..............-------------------------------- 33 Engineering and design ....... . ..------------------------------. 84 Total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $202,927,- 529 from regular funds, and $24,000 from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated- ._. $27, 500,000 $30,969,000 $37, 083,700 $30, 848,000 $27, 500,000 $206, 680, 70( Cost ----- 29,978,079 29, 045, 251 25, 801, 808 32,125,643 42,699,677 202,927,529 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_--------- $1,734,006 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- 25,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ ----------------------------- 26,734,006 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_--------------- - 47,319,30(E Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .----------------------------------------------- $24,000 $24 00 Cost-. ------ -- 24,000 24 009 FLOOD CONTROL-GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 853 3. MANDAN, N. DAK. Location. This project is located on both banks of the Heart River at Mandan, N. Dak. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of levees and appurtenant works along the left bank of the Heart River for the protection of municipal areas and along the right bank of the Heart River for the protection of the State Training School. The existing project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 294, 79th Cong., 1st sess.); by the Third Deficiency Appropriation Act of 1949, approved Oc- tober 10, 1949; and as modified by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost of improvement (July 1954) is $691,000, of which $552,000 is Federal cost for construction and $139,000 is local cost for lands and damages. Local cooperation. Local interests have met the requirements of local cooperation in connection with the levee project, but have not yet furnished the required assurances in connection with in- terior°' drainage facilities. Operations and results during the fiscal year. The operation and maintenance manual was completed. The total cost during the fiscal year was zero. Condition at end of fiscalyear. Construction of levees, and appurtenant facilities is complete. The operation manual is com- plete and record drawings for the project and plans and specifica- tions for interior drainage facilities are essentially complete. The cost to June 30, 1954, was $480,144, all regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, incluid- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- $177,700 -- $551,700 Cost---------------- 380,735 $22,162 $1,902 $1,467 480,144 Other new work data: Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ____--- _-- -______ - __ _ 1 $71,556 1$71,556 funds revoked during fiscal year 1954 restored in fiscal year 1955. 4. INACTIVE FLOOD :CONTROL PROJECTS .. For last Cost and expenditures to For last June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, ,, amount Name of project see required annual Con. Operation to report struction and complete - for- maintenance 1. Jamestown Reservoir, N. Dak.. -- 1950 ---....---....... $40, 000............. (1) 2. Marmarth, Little Missouri River, N. Dak.... 1938 .............. (2) 1Reservoir now under construction by the Bureau of Reclamation. =The leveesystem at the town of Marmarth, N. Dak., was improved by the Works Progress Adminis- tration. An investigation of the project to improve existing levees to protect the principal portion of the town of Marmarth against floods showed that the authorized project was inadequate, consequently an interim report (Senate Document No. 134, 81st Congress, 2d Session) to the review report on the Little Missouri River has been prepared which recommends authorization of a more comprehensive flood control project at Marmarth, N. Dak. Local interests have furnished tentative assurances that they will furnish necessary local cooperation for this recommended project. 854 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 5. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys--flood control studies. The cost of work on examinations and surveys was $27,146, and the unex- pended balance on June 30, 1954, was zero. Funds in the amount of $6,800 can be profitably expended for continuation of work on examinations and surveys presently assigned to this office. Collection and study of basic data. Preparation of the Flood Emergency Manual and nonproject studies pertaining to relation- ships between rainfall and resulting runoff, analysis of past floods, and related hydrologic studies were completed at cost of $1,950 for the fiscal year. A balance of $50 is available for further work in this category. 6. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Inspection of completed works during the fiscal year in the Gar- rison District consisted of inspection of the following local flood protection project: Project Inspection cost Mandan Levee, Mandan, N. Dak $547.00 -........ The total cost during the fiscal year was $547.00. The unex- pended balance of $168.00 is available for further work under this heading. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated_ $500 - - - $500 $300 $1,300 Cost ...------ 230 $249 106 547 1,132 7. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection. (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act.) No work was performed during the fiscal year. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ -.--- -- $50,000 -$ 2,603 ... $47,397 Cost .- -- __ . -------- 31,245 16,152 . 47, 397 FLOOD CONTROL--GARRISON, N. DAK., DISTRICT 855 Flood Control Emergencies--Repair and Flood Fighting and Rescue Work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations.) Flood fighting and rescue work was performed during the fiscal year at a cost of $2,931. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: -- Appropriated _ - -$ 372 $141, 530 $10, 000 $80, 000 $381, 208 Cost --- -- 7, 345 136,972 14,558 77,068 $2,931 381,208 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT This district comprises all of Montana east of the continental divide except the Little Missouri River watershed; the small por- tions of western North Dakota embraced in the watersheds of Yellowstone River, and Big Muddy Creek; and northern Wyoming embraced in the drainage basin of the Missouri River and trib- utaries above the mouth of the Yellowstone River, inclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Missouri River at Fort Peck, Mont_. .........-------------------. 863 Mont......................___.........__ 7. Sheridan, Yellowstone River -. 857 2. General investigations---------.............. 860 and Tributaries, Wyo------........... 864 3. Inactive navigation projects .... 8. Greybull, Yellowstone River, 861 Wyo... ----..- --.................................. 864 Flood Control 9. -Inactive flood control projects.. 865 10. General investigations................ 865 4. Missouri River Basin, Fort 11. Inspection of completed proj- Peck District............................861 ects.................................--...........-------------- 866 5. Havre, Milk River, Mont.......... 862 12. Flood control work under spe- 6. Billings, Yellowstone River, cial authorization .....--------....---- .. 866 1. MISSOURI RIVER AT FORT PECK, MONT. Location. The site of the Fort Peck Reservoir is in the Mis- souri River Valley in McCone, Valley, Garfield, Phillips, Petro- leum, and Fergus Counties, Mont. The dam site is approxi- mately 11 miles above the mouth of the Milk River in sections 14, 15, 16, 21, and 22, T. 26 N., R. 41 E. The west (left) abutment is in Valley County and the east (right) abutment is in McCone County. Nearest towns are Glasgow, 17 miles northwest, and Nashua, 9 miles north. Existing project. The project provides for construction of an earth dam and power plant for impounding water for the improve- ment of navigation on the Missouri River, Sioux City to the mouth, for the production of power, and for flood control, irrigation and related uses, as a unit in the main stem system of reservoirs. The estimate of cost for new work (July 1954) is $158,300,000. De- tailed data regarding the project are as follows: Description Location, miles above mouth of Missouri River ........... ---------------------- 1, 868.7 Concrete spillway in right abutment, discharge capacity (second-feet).... 250, 000 Height of main dam above stream bed (feet) _.........................---... 250. 5 Height of crest stone above stream bed (feet) ....................................-...... 250.0 Elevation of crest stone (feet, mean sea level).................................. 2,280.0 Tunnels for releasing water from reservoir (4), diameter (feet) .............. 24'8" Powerplant-initial installation, one 35,000-kilowatt unit and one 15,000-kilowatt unit (kilowatts) ..... .. ............. .................... .. 50, 000 857 858 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Descriptions-Continued Powerplant-present installation, two 35,000-kilowatt units and one 15,000-kilowatt unit (kilowatts) .......------------..............................--------------..................-----. 85, 000 Powerplant-installation presently planned: two 35,000-kilowatt units, one 15,000-kilowatt unit and two 40,000-kilowatt units (kilowatts)._.. 165, 000 Maximum pool level (feet, mean sea level) ... ........................... . 2, 250 Normal pool level (feet, mean sea level) ........ _........._- ..-... 2, 246 Crest length of dam (feet)..--------------..----------------...--..------... 21,026 Maximum storage capacity (acre-feet) ....-------------------------- 19, 412, 000 Maximum surface area of reservoir (acres) ................... 245, 000 .....------------------------- Maximum length of reservoir (miles) ......................-----------------------------..... 189 Clear width of reservoir (miles) .. ------------....----......----..----. ..----....-- : 16 Normal operating storage capacity (acre-feet)--..--...-. ........... 18, 400,000 Total construction cost of project (estimated)..........-----------..... (Jul. 1954) 158,300, 000 Annual operation and maintenance cost (estimated) .-------....... (Jul. 1954) $310,000 Date construction started, Oct. 23, 1933 Date of completion, June 30, 1960 (estimated) Datum--mean sea level (1929 adjustment, U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey). The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 19351 Construction of earth dam ..................--------------------- H. Doc. 238, 73d Cone., 2d sess. May 18, 19382 Completion, maintenance, and operation of a hydro- (Specified in act.) electric powerplant, subject 'to certain provisions contained in the act respecting the transmission and sale of electric energy. This act also authorizes the installation of additional power generating facilities by the Secretary of War when deemed necessary in the judgment of the Bureau of Rec- lamation. Dec. 22, 1944 s Modified authorization to provide for full multiple H. Doc. 475, S. Doc. 191 and S. purpose operation. Doc. 247, all of 78th Cong., 2d sess. June 3, 1948 4 Payments to be made to school districts serving proj- (Specified in act.) ect as reimbursement for educational facilities (in- cluding transportation to and from school) to pupils who are dependents of persons engaged in the construction, operation, and maintenance of the project. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program in 1933. 2 Pub. Law 529, 73d Cong., 3d sess. a Pub. Law 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess. 4Pub. Law 586, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Maps showing transportation facilities, power-market area, powerplants, etc., are contained in Senate committee print, 75th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. None Operation and results during the fiscal year. New work ac- complished during the fiscal year included completion of contract construction on slope stabilization in the tunnel outlet area; com- pletion of a preliminary design contract and the initiation of a continuing contract for the preparation of final designs and plans and specifications for the second powerplant; and miscellaneous hired labor planning and construction work on the first power plant, dam, tunnels, spillway, recreational facilities, and planning and exploratory work for the second power plant. The total cost of new work was $257,130, all regular funds: Operation and maintenance: The reservoir was operated throughout the fiscal year for the maintenance of navigation on the Missouri River, and incidental purposes of flood control and hydroelectric power production. Releases for these purposes also RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 859 served the needs for water supply and sanitation along the river below the dam. Total releases from the reservoir amounted to about 7,600,900 acre-feet, equivalent to a mean annual flow of about 10,500 cubic feet per second. The gross electric energy produced by the three generating units amounted to 614,963,700 kilowatt- hours. The net electric energy generated, exclusive of power for station use, was 613,983,000 kilowatt-hours. In addition to the operation and maintenance of the reservoir, dam, spillway, tun- nels, power plant, operators' village facilities, etc., a program of sediment studies and an experimental contract for upstream face riprap repairs on Dam was accomplished. The total cost of oper- ation and maintenance during the fiscal year amounted to $736,- 511. Reimbursement from the Bureau of Reclamation for the pro rata share of the cost of operation and maintenance of the power plant, reimbursement from other districts for the pro rata share of costs of the sediment studies, reimbursement resulting from furnishing of operators' village facilities, and distribution of pro rata share of camp operation cost to other funds reduced the net cost to $394,829, all regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The status of the existing proj- ect as a whole is 84 percent complete. The major items of work remaining to be completed are the second power plant and the permanent operators' quarters. Work was started in October 1933 and is scheduled for completion in June 1960; however, all work except the second power plant and the permanent operators' quarters is scheduled for completion by the end of June 1955. Dam: Clearing and grubbing, stripping the base of the dam, con- strUction of sheet piling cutoff wall, the rock and gravel toes, the hydraulic fill, raising the crest of the dam to 2280.5 feet mean sea level, construction of a bituminous surfaced roadway thereon, and installation of a night lighting system are complete. The following quantities have been placed: Cubic yards Hydraulic fill .............. ...... ..... 122, 178, 000 Rolled fill ........ .. 3,450, 288 Gravel at toe of dam -.-.- .. . .. . .......... - - 3,112, 904 Rock at toe of dam - -.... 289, 297 Gravel on upstream face of dam....... 797, 236 Fieldstone on upstream face of dam__........______.. 209, 070 Salvage field stone on upstream face of dam-........... 129, 887 Quarry stone on upstream face of dam.. 4, 198 ... .___.. 5.......__.__ 89. 427 Salvage quarry stone on upstream face of dam ......................... A total of 13,847,287 cubic yards of material has been removed from the spillway channel and 268,625 cubic yards of concrete has been placed in the channel lining; 291,826 cubic yards of concrete have been placed in the bridge, columns, piers, foundations, floor slab, and training wall of the gate structure. Sixteen gates have been erected and the operating equipment installed. Spillway stop logs have been installed as well as the hoist car. The four diver- sion tunnels, having an aggregate length of 25,294 linear feet, are practically complete with the exception of the revision of flow regulation facilities for tunnels 3 and 4. The dam and appurtenant works are approximately 99 percent complete. Reservoir: Acquisition of land for the reservoir and dam site 860 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 areas is complete. A total of 289,009 acres have been acquired of which 119,671 acres were public domain land. Power plant: The first power plant and appurtenant works are 98 percent complete. Two 35,000 kilowatt units and one 15,000 kilowatt generating unit are in operation. A preliminary design contract for the second power plant has been completed and a final design and plans and specifications contract has been initiated. Hired labor planning and exploration work on the second power plant are being continued. The work remaining to complete the project consists of com- pleting the second power plant, completion of the permanent oper- ators' quarters, and miscellaneous items to complete the dam and appurtenant works, and the first power plant. The total cost of new work to June 30, 1954, is $132,529,089 of which $55,887,775 was regular funds; $8,650,000 were power plant funds; $49,521,087 were public works funds; and $18,470,227 were Emergency Relief funds. The total cost of operation and main- tenance was $4,808,374 as of June 30, 1954. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .-- $2, 500, 000 $883, 000 $644, 000 $25, 000 $150, 000 $132, 793, 771 Cost_----------- ---- 2, 699,125 2, 608,833 821, 015 282, 721 257, 130 132, 529, 089 Maintenance: Appropriated ------. 478, 500 567, 500 490, 000 300, 000 325, 000 4, 859, 376 Cost_-- ------------- 478, 500 520, 925 474, 111 241, 634 394, 829 4, 808, 374 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - - $128,602 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ - - 220,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-- 348,602 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ _ ___ 25,286,229 _-___-_ 2. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys, navigation studies. There was no work accomplished and no cost incurred during the fiscal year. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 RIVERS AND HARBORS-FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 861 3. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS ::For last Cost and expenditures full report toJune 30, 1954 amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance Claimsfor damages, river and harbor work.--.... .....-- . $9, 297 ()------------ Expenditures i. in connection with disaster opera- 1949 14, 000 .-- -- (1) tion "Snowbound" 1 Operation completed. 4. MISSOURI RIVER BASIN, FORT PECK DISTRICT Location. The flood control improvements included in this proj- ect are located on and along the Missouri River and several of the principal tributaries of the Missouri River and are located in the States comprising the Missouri River Basin. Existing project. The general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Missouri River Basin provides for levees along the Missouri River between Sioux City, Iowa, and the mouth, and reservoirs located on the main stem of the Missouri River and on the tributaries for control of flood flows at the dam sites. The existing project was authorized by the following Flood Control Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' June 28,1938 Adopted general comprehensive plan for Missouri Flood Control Committee Doc. 1 River Basin and authorized $9, 000,000 for initia- 75th Cong., 1st sess. tion and partial accomplishment. Aug. 18,1941 Modified the general comprehensive plan to include H. Doc. 842, 76th Cong., 3d seas. Harlan County Dam and Reservoir on the Repub- lican River, Nebr., and authorized $7,000,000 addi- tional expenditure. Dec. 22,1944 Expanded the general comprehensive plan for the H. Doc. 475, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Missouri.River Basin and authorized $200,000,000 S. Doc. 191, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; additional expenditure. S. Doc. 247, 78th Cong., 2d sess. July 24,1946 Authorized an additional expenditure of $150,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. May 17, 1950 Authorized an additional expenditure of $250,000,000 for prosecution of the general comprehensive plan for the Missouri River Basin. 1 Contain the latest published maps of Missouri River Basin. Condition at end of fiscal year. Under sections 7 and 9 of Pub- lic Law. 534, Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, the Corps of Engineers is responsible for detailed scheduling of oper- ations. of storage capacity reserved for or assigned to flood control in reservoirs constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation, as well as those constructed by the Corps of Engineers. Cost incurred dur- ing the fiscal year was $46,966. 862 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June i 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated_ -_ --- . $22, 000 $38, 200 $34, 000 $33, 200 46,966 $127, 400 Cost--_____________ ____________ 14,047 30,871 32,768 124,652 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - - $2,011 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - - - 34,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ -36,011 5. HAVRE, MILK RIVER, MONT. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Havre and vicinity on Milk River, Mont., 401.8 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Missouri River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the protection of areas subject to flooding in the city of Havre, Mont. The project includes two units, the Bull Hook unit and the Milk River unit. The Bull Hook unit consists of 2 rolled earthfill dams, 1 on Scott Coulee and 1 on Bull Hook Creek, approximately 2,500 feet south of the city; a diversion channel to connect Scott Coulee to Bull Hook Creek just upstream of the dams; a combined dis- charge and spillway channel to divert flood flows into a coulee emptying into Milk River just east of the city; a small diversion dam in this coulee and a spillway to divert extreme flood flows into a drainage area to the northeast. The Milk River unit consists of a system of levees on both banks of the Milk River along the northern edge of the city, and provisions for pumping internal drainage and sewage during high water periods. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (S. Doc. 103, 78th Cong., 1st sess.). The current estimated Federal cost (July 1954) is $1,950,000; the estimated local cost (July 1954) is $162,000 for utility modifications, lands, rights-of-way, ease- ments, relocations, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to move certain buildings, raise the railroad and highway grades and provide structures, move a powerline, and construct fences and road crossings. Local interests have indicated their willing- ness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. Work was con- tinued on field surveys and investigations and detailed plans, and a construction contract was initiated on the Bull Hook Unit. The total cost during the fiscal year was $326,373. Condition at end of the fiscal year. Preparation of detailed plans for Bull Hook Unit is 100 percent complete and for Milk River Unit is 75 percent complete. Construction of the Bull Hook Unit is approximately 25 percent complete. The total cost to June 30, 1954, was $478,378, all regular funds. FLOOD CONTROL--FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 863 Cost and financial summary Figcal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .. $7, 000 $10, 000 . $348,000 $400,000 $850, 000 Cost----- - - -- . 9, 822 1 12, 026 $392 50,005 326, 373 478,378 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---- $31,839 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------- 500,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------------------- -------------------------- 531,839 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ------------------------------------ 600,000 6. BILLINGS, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, MONT. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Bill- ings and vicinity on Yellowstone River, Mont., 346 river-miles up- stream from its confluence with the Missouri River. Existing project. The overall plan of improvement for the flood protection of Billings and contiguous areas consists of a system of ditches, channels, and levees by means of which floodwaters ap- proaching the city from the west, east, or south may be diverted away from the area subject to flooding. The proposed plan is divided into three separate units. The western unit of the plan consists of an interception ditch which will divert runoff from west of Billings into the Yellowstone River. Reinforced concrete spillways will divert storm waters from four irrigation canals which cross the alinement of the proposed interception ditch, and drainage from other areas will enter the ditch through control spillways. Necessary appurtenances to the interception ditch are a reinforced concrete stilling basin, earth levees, a reinforced con- crete chute and stilling basin. A railroad bridge and several addi- tional highway bridges, over the proposed interception ditch and other similar improvements, will be necessary for completion of this unit. The eastern unit of the plan is designed to protect the fairgrounds and adjacent areas east of Billings from floods on Alkali Creek. The proposed plan consists of two sections of levee along the right bank of the existing channel; a cutoff channel 510 feet long excavated through the rock escarpment; and an enlarge- ment of the existing channel from the stilling basin to the Yellow- stone River. A railroad bridge will be necessary for this unit. The southern unit of the overall plan is designed to protect the areas south and east of Billings from floods on the Yellowstone River. This unit consists of a levee beginning at high ground south of the city and extending 25,475 feet along the left bank of the river, and necessary appurtenant interior drainage structures. An existing levee will be incorporated into the proposed works. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1954) is $3,800,000; the estimated local cost (July 1954) is $302,000 for relocations, lands, and damages. Sig 28--863-894 864 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work, provide all bridges and similar improvements, and construct or relocate roads. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. No work was ac- complished during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been initiated. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 __----_ $25,000 7. SHERIDAN, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, WYO. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Sheri- dan and vicinity on both sides of Goose Creek approximately 11.6 miles above the junction of that stream with the Tongue River. Existing project. The overall plan of improvement for flood protection at Sheridan consists of a system of levees and flood walls in combination with alterations of the channels of Goose Creek and Little Goose Creek. The area subject to flooding from Little Goose Creek will be protected by approximately 12,800 feet of levee, 2,750 feet of vertical concrete flood wall and approximately 1,500 feet of new channel. The proposed works for protection of areas along Big Goose Creek include approximately 1,700 feet of new channel, 28,600 feet of levee, 330 feet of concrete flood wall, and 9,500 feet of improved channel. Riprap will be placed on earth slopes for a distance of 50 feet above and below all bridges, and the outside banks on all curves where erosion is likely to occur. Grouted riprap will be placed in drop sections of both streams. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st Sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1954) is $2,360,000; the estimated local cost (July 1954) is $42,000 for relocations, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to remove or relocate all structures at or near the alinement of the proposed work, provide all bridges and similar improvements, and construct or relocate roads. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. No work was ac- complished during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been initiated. 8. GREYBULL, YELLOWSTONE RIVER, WYO. Location. The work covered by this project is located at Grey- bull and vicinity on Big Horn River, Wyo., 183 river miles upstream from its confluence with the Yellowstone River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the FLOOD CONTROL-FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 865 protection of areas subject to flooding in the city of Greybull, Wyo. The project is designed to give flood protection to residences, busi- ness establishments, industrial areas, public buildings, and facili- ties of the Chicago, Burlington, & Quincy Railroad, and consists of approximately 12,330 feet of levee along the left bank of the Big Horn River. The levee will have a crest width of 10 feet, a land- ward slope of 1 on 3.5, and riverward slope of 1 on 3, except for a short distance at the south end where the riverward slope will be 1 on 2. A stoplog structure will be provided where the levee crosses the railroad track at the upstream end of the project. Three sections of the levee will be protected against erosion by 2 to 3 feet of dumped rock riprap. Existing levees, which presently provide protection against minor floods, will be incorporated into the proposed works wherever possible. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 216, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The estimated Federal cost (July 1954) is $743,- 000; the estimated local cost (July 1954) is $66,000 for utility mod- ifications, lands, and damages. Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to raise highway grades, relocate a sewage pumphouse, and re- move existing structures. Local interests have indicated their willingness and ability to comply with all requirements. Operation and results during the fiscal year. No work was ac- complished during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been initiated. Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --- --- _ $40,000 9. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 2s - - - - - - - - - -- -- - -- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - Buffalo, Wyo. -.... - -- -- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- _- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- - - - -- -- -- -- -- -- - $66-- 000 $643, Dayton, Wyo.... 121, 000 Forsyth, Mont-........--.- _-- .----- _ "-- - - 1950 $255, 177 ..............-------------- (1) Glasgow, Mont .---------.----.--------------....1939 16, 832 --------------- (1) Harlem, Mont.__-----------------............................ 2- - - - - - - - --------- ---- - - --------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5,- -015 - - -1952 - -- -- -- -- -- -- - 79, 985 Miles City, Mont.2- - - - - - - - - - ------- - -- -- - - -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- -- -- - - -- -- -- -- -- -- - 1, 290, 000 3 -- - -...- - - - - - - ----- Monarch, Wyo. -- - - - - - - - - - - 240, 000 Saco, Mont. ........ .. ........ 1938 655 .............. 96, 355 SProject completed. 2 Authorized by the 1950 Flood Control Act. No planning or construction funds have been allotted. = Authorized by the 1936 Flood Control Act. 10. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys-flood control studies. The cost in- curred from flood control studies on the Milk River and on the Sun River and Tributaries during the fiscal year was $11,155. The Milk River study was completed during the fiscal year. The unexpended balance of $54 plus an allotment of $15,000 for fiscal year 1955 will 866 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 be profitably expended for the continuation of flood control studies on the Sun River and Tributaries during fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. The cost of collection and study of basic data, which included work in connection with the preparation and revision of the Flood Emergency Manual, Annual Flood Report, and the collection of current flood information per- taining to serious floods on streams for which formal reports have not been specifically directed by Congress, was $3,980, during the year. 11. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS The work included in this feature consists of periodic inspections of local flood protection projects to ascertain whether projects are properly operated and to point out essential maintenance and re- pair work which should be accomplished. Total cost and expenditure incurred in connection with this work during the fiscal year was $1,196, distributed as follows: Location Cost Glasgow, M ont......... .... ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- - ----- - ---- $ 196 Shields Riv., Mont .. --........... . 400 Three Forks, Mont ................ -.-. 300 ------------. Forsyth, Mont _-----------.... - - .300 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 195 4, includ- ing fis cal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated $1,200 $800 $800 $1, 200 $4,000 Cost.---------- - 1,015 685 1,100 1,196 3,996 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 $4 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ __ . 1,500 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---- - - - - - - -- - - 1,504 12. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) Work was performed during the fiscal year on the following streams: Coast for Name and location fiscal year Belt Creek, Montana-... --..... $37,006 Highwood Creek, Montana ... 24,099 Shonkin Creek, Montana ..... 8,467 Teton River, Montana .......... 11,534 Total-.. . .............. ... . -- --. ---- . 81,106 The work was completed on all streams except Belt Creek which will be completed during fiscal year 1955 with available funds. FLOOD CONTROL-FORT PECK, MONT., DISTRICT 867 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ -30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -- -- $42,000 $84,601 $126,601 Cost ...- -- - ---- 42,000 81,106 123,106 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $3,459 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ 3,459 Emergency bank protection. (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Control Act.) Funds were allotted in June 1954 for emergency bank protection on the Jefferson River in the Waterloo area near Whitehall, Mont. No work was performed during the fiscal year. The work will be completed during fiscal year 1955 with available funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 i 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _ $51,727 -$21, 117 566 $50,000 $214, 371 Cost_. ----- 30, 608 2 6 --- ____ - 164, 371 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $50,000 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Reconnaissance reports were prepared for flood control projects at Belt, Choteau, and Plentywood, Mont. A design report was completed for West Glendive, Mont., and design memoranda for Belt, Mont., were initiated and will be completed with available funds during fiscal year 1955. The total cost during the fiscal year was $16,168. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated. $46,700 -$20,953 - _ -------- -...... $18,650 $44, 397 Cost _-- 4,540 21,207 16,168 41,915 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $2,482 Flood control emergencies--Repair and flood fighting and res- cue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) 868 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Work was performed during the fiscal year at the following costs: --.... Flood fighting and rescue work ----------..--...--......---....--..... ----------........ $47, 573 Levee repairs, Shields River, Mont----------................................--------------- 18,041 Total.............................................. ....------------------------------55, 614 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- S 19 11954 fiscal ingrior to years 1950 1950 1951 1952 1 1953 1954 1 Exclusive of contributed funds in the amount of $5,990. OHIO RIVER For the actual construction of locks and dams, and the opera- tion and care of the completed structures, the river is divided into 3 sections under the immediate supervision and direction of dis- trict engineers at Pittsburgh, Huntington, and Louisville. The Pittsburgh section extends from the head of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa., to a point between Captina Island and Powhatan Point, a distance of 109 miles, and includes Emsworth, Dashields, and Montgomery locks and dams and locks and dams 7 to 13, in- clusive; the Huntington section extends from mile 109 to mile 409.3, immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, a distance of 300.3 miles, and includes locks and dams 14 to 23, inclusive, Gallipolis locks and dam, and locks and dams 27 to 33, inclusive; the Louisville section extends from mile 409.3, immediately down- stream from Aberdeen, Ohio to the mouth of the river, a distance of 571.7 miles, and includes locks and dams 34 to 39, inclusive, locks and dam 41 (with the Louisville and Portland Canal) and locks and dams 43 to 53, inclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Page 1. Construction of locks and dams on the Ohio River------------------...................................---.......... 869 2. Open channel work, Ohio River...............................-------------------------------.......................... ......... 875 Note. Tributary navigation projects and all flood control projects in the Ohio River Basin are contained in the reports of the districts included in the Ohio River Division. 1. CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS ON THE OHIO RIVER Location. The Ohio River is formed by the junction of the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers at Pittsburgh, Pa., and flows in a general southwesterly direction for a distance of 981 miles to join the Mississippi River near Cairo, Ill. For description of the river see page 1227, Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. The first lock and dam on the Ohio River was provided for by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879. The construction of dams was provided for by River and Harbor Acts, as follows: Dam 6, September 19, 1890; dams 2, 3, 4, and 5, June 3, 1896; 13 and 18, March 3, 1899; 8, 11, 19, and 37, June 13, 1902; 26, March 2, 1907. For further details see page 1907 of Annual Report for 1915. For expenditures on the previous 6-foot canaliza- tion see paragraph "Condition at end of fiscal year" of this report. Existing project. This provides for the improvement of the entire river by the construction of locks and dams to provide a channel depth of 9 feet and for the widening of the Louisville and Portland Canal at Louisville, Ky. The project provides for a lock with usable dimensions of 110 by 600 feet at each dam and in addi- tion an auxiliary lock 56 by 360 feet at Emsworth, Dashields, Montgomery, and dam 41 and 110 by 360 feet at Gallipolis. Dash- ields is a fixed dam, while Emsworth, Montgomery, and Gallipolis 869 870 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 are fixed dams with movable crests. The remainder of the 46 dams are of the movable type, with navigable pass varying in width from 600 to 1,248 feet. In addition to the navigable pass, the mov- able type dams are also provided with one or more regulating weirs. At dam 41 a canal (Louisville and Portland) extends along the left bank for a distance of 2 miles, with the locks at the lower end. Operation and care of the locks and dams were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Ap- propriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. The estimate of cost of new work (existing project) (1954) ex- clusive of Gallipolis locks and dam reported under the Kanawha River project, is $529,681,400. The foregoing estimate does not include expenditures on previous projects. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance of locks and dams. (1954) is $7,150,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Construction of 54 locks with movable dams, widen- H. Doc. 492, 60th Cong., 1st sess. ing of the Louisville and Portland Canal to 170 feet, and a new lock at the lower end. The act also granted discretionary authority to the Secretary of War to make such modifications in the project as appeared advisable. July 18,1918 Elimination of locks and dams in the lower river H. Doc. 1695, 64th Cong., 2d sess. where the project depth of 9 feet could be satis- factorily maintained by open channel work. Secre- tary of War authorized to substitute fixed dams for movable dams wherever, in his opinion, they may be advisable. Under the authority granted in the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910, the Louisville and Portland Canal has been widened to 200 feet; locks and dams 40 and 42 have been eliminated; locks and dams 1 and 2 replaced by the Emsworth locks and dam; lock and dam 3 replaced by the Dashields locks and dam; and locks and dams 4, 5, and 6 replaced by the Montgomery locks and dam. Locks and dams 24, 25, and 26 were replaced by Gallipolis locks and dam which was authorized by the act of August 30, 1935, and con- structed under the project for improving lower Kanawha River. Table A contains data relative to the various features of the locks and dams included in the existing project. Table B lists the principal towns and cities along the Ohio River with their mileage below Pittsburgh, Pa. Table A Lock Location Dimensions Depth on miter sills Per- Year Actual TLcklr I,^"'j I cent- opened cost to and age to date of dam Greatest Character of Character of com- navi- each lock Miles Width length foundation dam foundation pleted gation and dam below Distance from nearest town or of avail- Lift Upper Lower Pitts- mouth of navigable tributary cham- able (feet) (feet) (feet) burgh ber for full (feet) width (feet) -I f i 1 Replaced---...............----------------- .... .. ..- - - - ... - - - - ..-. - ..-- - - - - $870,0 34 6.2 Emsworth locks and dam, Emsworth, 110 60 18.0 117. 0 12. 9 Rock.... ____ Rock and piles--- .... 100 1921 2 5,861, 765 Pa. 56 2 Replaced-----.......-------.----------- -.......-...... --... --.-..--.............. 976, 767 3 do--- .--------------------- -.... 360 .. . . . . . . .. .. . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- 1, 144 , 5 88 13.3 Dashields locks and dam, 1.6 miles be- J 110 600 I0. 0 low Sewickley, Pa. 1 56 360 113. 4 3 17.5 Rock___ - Rock.--------------- 100 1929 43, 528,955 4 Re a l d nevict~~~,,-,u,,------------------------- --- .......----....-.. ......-- .............. 1, 071, 472 5 .... do . -. .... -............ -- ......... -.......--....-...........-------- ............ 1,080,132 O .. do..... .._.. .. 6 -- do- - - - - --- - --.- -- -..-. . .. ... - - - 1,123, 442 31. 7 Montgomery locks and dam, 1.4 miles 1 110 600 19.4 1 16.0 312.7 Rock andd piles ...- Rock and piles...... 100 1936 s 5, 737, 611 above Industry, Pa. 56 360 t-' 7 36. 5 Midland, Pa-----........------...---------------..: 110 100 6.9 15. 4 11.0 Rock - ___..._-..._ 100 1914 1, 075, 000 -Piles_ d 8 46. 4 1.7 miles below Newell, W. Va......----------. 110 600 6.4 15. 4 12.0 Piles in gravel ------ Rock; piles in gravel 100 1911 1, 167, 456 54. 4 New Cumberland 6 locks and dam, Strat- f 110 1200 22.6 19.2 12. 7 Rock-__ Rock...........------------------------------ 242, 847 tonville, Ohio . 110 600 9 56. 1 New Cumberland, W. Va ..........--- 110 600 7.4 15.4 11.0 .....do_.. Piles in gravel....------- 100 1914 1, 177, 100 10 66. 2 1.8 miles above Steubenville, Ohio-.---- 110 600 8.4 16. 4 11. 0 Rock an d piles in do . . ...--------------00 1915 1, 138, 000 gravel. 11 76.9 2.5 miles below Wellsburg, W. Va 110 600 7.3 15.4 11.1 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 100 1911 1,162,165 gravel. gravel. 12 87.4 - Warwood, W. Va -__ - -- 110 600 8.4 15. 4 11.0 .....do..__..... do....--------------100 1916 1, 166, 104 13 96. 1 McMechen, W. Va_- - 110 600 7.3 13.8 9.5 ....do... S...... .Rock; piles in sand 100 1911 1, 222, 389 and gravel. 14 114. 0 Woodland, W. Va ..__. . _ _ 110 600 8.3 16.4 11.0 Rock.... .-..-- Rock .----------.. 100 1917 1,133, 371 15 129. 1 New Martinsville, W Va __ 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.0 .... do...--------------100 1916 1,180,478 .....do. .... 1, 275, 532 16 146. 5 Ben Run, W. Va.............--------------------- 110 600 7.8 15. 4 11.2 .... do .-------------- 100 1917 17 167. 5 4.5 miles above Marietta, Ohio....---------- 110 600 8.2 15.4 11.0 do._ ------------- do..............--------------100 1918 ----- 1, 362, 591 18 179. 9 4.7 miles above Parkersburg, W. Va .... 110 600 6.2 14.2 11.0 ._do__. . .__ .do.....-...-..... 100 1910 927, 091 19 192. 2 Little Hocking, Ohio....------------------ 110 600 7.7 16.9 11.0 Piles in sand, gravel ..... do.............. 100 1916 1, 213, 848 and roc ck. 20 202. 5 Belleville, W. Va--------------------- 110 600 7.5 15.4 11. 0 Rock,__. ........... .do------------- 100 1917 936, 696 21 600 100 1919 1, 484, 562 22 214. 6 1.4 miles above Portland, Ohio...---------- 110 5.6 15.4 11.0 .....do...............-..... S.....do.............--------------. do--------------.............. 100 1918 1, 218, 798 220. 9 Ravenswood, W. Va....------------------ 110 600 7.8 15.4 11.2 .....do.._ do... ----------............---.....do-------------...............100 23 231.4 13.5 ..... 1921 1, 851, 488 Millwood, W. Va...---------------------110 600 5.6 16.4 Replaced ..... . ,............. - ...... -.. . 1, 187, 542 24 .....do---------------------- ----------- --- .... ....... ....... ...... .... ... ... . ... ..- 1,925,205 25 . -- d o .. ... ... .. ... ... ... .. ... ... ... .. .........- ... ' .. . . . ---.. . . . .. .. . 1,307,241 I -- -- - - _ i 279. 2 Gallipolis locks and dam, 0.7 mile below [ 110 600 26.0 18.0 12. 0 Rock--___......_____ Rock.............- 100 1937 (7) O PfHogsett, W. Va. 110 360 27 301.0 3.6 miles above Procterville, Ohio_.._. 110 600 6.4 15. 4 11. 1 .....do-............... ..... do ............... 100 1923 2, 015, 601 1> 28 311.6 3.3 miles below Huntington, W. Va__.. 110 600 7.1 15. 4 11.0 .....do-.................... 100 1915 do-----.......-----........ 1, 063, 133 29 319.9 2.7 miles above Ashland, Ky..._ _.... . 110 600 8.0 15. 4 11.0 .....do............... ..... 100 do------............... 1916 1,088, 802 30 339.4 3.3 miles below Greenup, Ky-...... ___ 110 600 7. 5 15. 4 11.0 .....- do............... ..... 100 do----............... 1923 1, 579, 618 31 359.3 3.3 miles below Portsmouth, Ohio.. __.. 110 600 7. 5 15. 4 11.0 .....do............... ..... do.'............. 100 1919 1, 359, 231 32 382. 6 1 mile above Rome, Adams County, 110 600 7.5 15.4 11.0 Piles in sand and Caissons on sand 100 1926 2, 951, 216 Ohio. gravel. and gravel. 33 405. 1 3.5 miles above Maysville, Ky_ __.__ 110 600 7.0 15.4 11.0 ....do.....---.......- Piles in sand and 100 1921 1, 937,166 gravel. 34 434. 1 Chilo, Ohio _. _......._ _ _ .... .. 110 600 5.6 15. 4 11.0 ..... do--------............do............... 100 1925 3, 437, 057 35 451.0 1 mile below New Richmond, Ohio._.__ 110 600 6.4 15. 4 11.0 ..--... __. do ............... do--.............. .'.._do............... 100 1919 1, 894, 942 . 36 460. 9 9.3 miles above Cincinnati, Ohio__-__ 110 600 7.9 15. 4 11. 1 ..... do.............. 100 1925 3, 704, 535 37 483.2 Fernbank, Ohio_......... .________ 110 600 7.8 12. 3 11.0 Rock............... Rock................ 100 1911 1,297, 924 O 38 503. 3 Maxville, Ky-.......-............... 110 600 7.3 15. 4 11.0 Piles in sand and Piles in sand and 100 1924 2, 857, 040 gravel. gravel. 39 531. 7 1 mile above Markland, Ind ____ ........ 110 600 6.0 15. 4 13. 0 .....- d o-..............d Rock and piles in 100 1921 2,222,448 sand and gravel. 40 Eliminated ____ ________ 600 41 604. 4 Louisville, Ky __ __________ 360 37.0 19. 0 11.0 Rock....----------- 100 1921 S7, 658,134 42 Eliminated _ _ ---------------------- ---------------------------- 110 Rock.............. 43 633. 2 3.3 miles below West Point, Ky ........ 600 9. 0 15.4 11.0 Pile ................ 1921 242 2,592, 44 663. 2 Leavenworth, Ind.....____ 110 7.0 15. 4 13. 0 Rock and pile-....... 100 1925 2, 818, 763 ---------------------- 13. 0 ---------------------------- 110 600 45 703. 0 Addison, Ky ------------- 600 9.0 17. 4 Rock-- Pile............... ..... ....---------- do ..............100 1927 3, 202,587 46 757. 3 Owensboro, Ky ... ... . _ 110 11.0 17. 4 11.0 Pile .............. __ 100 10. 1928 3, 127, 981 110 600 100 47 777. 7 Newburg, Ind----------................. 600 9.0 15.4 11.0 .....do.............. 1928 4, 415, 526 i 48 809. 6 5.8 miles below Henderson, Ky ......... 110 7.0 15.4 13. 0 Pile--do ----- .....do............... 100 1922 3, 062, 700 110 600 Rock....._ _ __... 49 845. 0 2.4 miles below Uniontown, Ky --.. - 600 11.0 17. 4 13. 0 100 1928 3, 325, 297 50 876. 8 1 mile below Weston, Ky_ 110 10. 0 17. 4 11.0 Rock and pile-....... 100 1928 3, 751, 614 100 M 110... 110 600 -______------------- 51 903.1 0.6 miles below Golconda, Ill ........... 8.0 15. 4 11.0 Pile............... 1929 4, 370, 566 + 52 53 938. 9 1.4 miles below Brookport, Ill 962.6 10.8 miles above Mound City, Ill -.--..--- 110 110 600 600 12.0 13. 4 15. 4 15. 4 11.0 ... do-..-.. 99.6 Pile- -- ..---- ,------------ ..... do............... 100 100 1928 1929 4, 461, 462 5, 410, 668 Go 600 Rock...----------- ..... --- _do-_------------ do................. . . . . 54 974. 2 Mound City, Ill___ -- - - 110 600 (10) (1o) ('0) Rock--------------- Gravel.............. (10) Total ... . -........ 11 122, 356, 523 Go i i 1 Depths as shown are on emergency-dam foundation and are controlling depths. 9 Dam below was not commenced. Depth on lower miter sill at low water. 2 Change from fixed dam to lift-gate dam completed in 1938. Replaces movable dams 10oNecessity for construction has not yet been determined. 1 and 2. 11Exclusive of $7,054,731; details below: a Depths as shown are on poiree dam foundation and are controlling depths. Additiona features entering into cost of project ' Fixed Dam. Replaces movable dam 3. Louisville and Portland Canal and Indiana chute (under previous mC 5 Lift-gate dam. Replaces movable dams 4, 5, and 6. project) __--------------------------------- --------- 5, 359, 203 P 6 Will replace locks and dams 7, 8, and 9. -- Examinations, surveys, contingencies, plant and miscellaneous.,--....... 966, 232 7 Roller-gate dam. Replaces movable dams 24, 25, and 26. Cost not included in total, Planning of Greenup locks and dam---............................... . 379, 622 as it was constructed under project for improving lower Kanawha River. Planning of Markland (formerly Fernbank) locks and dam............. 349.674 Completed with large new lock in 1921. Completed with new dam and raised canal and lock walls in 1928. Construction of an auxiliary lock commenced in 1929, which lock 7,054,731 was completed in 1930. 129,411,254 Total---------------------------------------------- OHIO RIVER 873 Table B Miles Miles Miles Location below Location below Location below Pitts- Pitts- Pitts- burgh burgh burgh Pittsburgh, Pa____....__ .. ________ Portsmouth, Ohio..._ .356.0 Rockport, Ind...-----------. 742. 2 Ambridge, Pa-----------... . 15.9 Maysville, Ky.....----- - 408.6 Owensboro, Ky--------......... 756.5 Aliquippa, Pa-----------... 20.0 Newport, Ky.....---- - 469.8 Newburgh, Ind..---------- 778. 0 East Liverpool, Ohio---.... 43.5 Cincinnati, Ohio....----. 470. 2 Evansville, Ind---------.. . 792. 3 Steubenville, Ohio-.... 68.0 Covington, Ky.......---------- 470.5 Henderson, Ky.---------- 803.9 Wheeling, W. Va__ ----- 90.5 Lawrenceburg, Ind....... 492.9 Mt. Vernon, Ind---------. 829.1 Bellaire, Ohio-----------94. 5 Aurora, Ind----------.............. 496. 7 Uniontown, Ky---------- 842. 5 Marietta, Ohio....---------- 172.0 Carrollton, Ky--........... 545.7 Shawneetown, Ill----..- 857. 8 Parkersburg, W. Va.-.... 184.6 Madison, Ind____-.......... 557. 7 -902. Golconda, Ill__......... 5 Point Pleasant, W. Va.._ 265. 2 Jeffersonville, Ind.. 602. 7 Paducah, Ky------------ 934. 5 Gallipolis, Ohio-__----.. 269. 7 Louisville, Ky----------........... 603. 7 Metropolis, Ill.---------- 943. 8 Huntington, W. Va-...... 308.3 New Albany, Ind-....... 608.5 Joppa, Ill..---------------951.4 Catlettsburg, Ky-.... . 317. 2 Leavenworth, Ind- _ 664.0 Mound City, Ill---------......... 973. 4 Ashland, Ky-- -____- 322. 6 Cannelton, Ind---..-------... 724. 0 ------------- Cairo, Ill... 979. 3 Ironton, Ohio...-----------327.2 Tell City, Ind_ ........ 727. 0 Terminal facilities. Modern public terminals, with warehouses, equipped with operating machinery for transferring materials have been constructed by private interests at some of the larger cities and towns. The latest published list of terminals on the Ohio River appears in Transportation Series No. 2, 1929. The list is brought up to date each year as of June 30 and can be obtained from the division en- gineer, Ohio River Division, Cincinnati, Ohio. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: All new work was done by hired labor. The costs were as follows: New Cumberland locks and dam: Preparation of detailed construction plans for locks and appurtenances....----------------------------------$26, 203 Greenup locks and dam: Completion of general design memorandum; initi- ation and completion of memorandum on analysis of design of lock walls; continuation of flowage studies and design of locks; continuation of model studies of the filling and emptying system for the locks ......--- ..... 102,303 Markland locks and dam: Continuation of general design memorandum studies, planning for preparation of plans and specifications and continu- ation of model studies-----........................................-------------------------------... ....... 67, 522 Total for new work............................------------------------------------- 196, 028 Operation and maintenance, general: The locks and dams were operated as required, and necessary repairs and improvements were made thereto, and to the operators' quarters, grounds and esplanades to the extent of funds available. The costs by districts were as follows: Class of work Pittsburgh Hunting- Louisville Total ton- Operation and ordinary maintenance--... --........---- $966, 018 $1, 658, 064 $1, 685, 052 $4, 309, 134 Rehabilitation---__. ------------------------ 753, 475 375, 953 1, 423, 895 2, 553, 323 Total._____ _ _ _-__.._- . ...... -_ . - -........ 1, 719, 493 2,034, 017 3, 108, 947 6, 862, 457 874 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Summary of costs during the fiscal year is as follows: Costs Funds Operation and main- New work tenance, general Regular.................................------------------------------------------------ 028 $196, $6, 862, 457 Condition at end of fiscal year. The navigation system of 46 locks and dams is in operation and 9-foot navigation throughout the entire length of the river is generally available at all times. At certain unstable bars the project depth is maintained by dredg- ing, supplemented by contraction works. (See project "Open Channel Work, Ohio River", p. 875.) Table A under "Existing project" shows cost and year of completion of locks and dams now in operation. The following originally contemplated work remains to be completed: Raising crest of dam 14; construction of bear- traps at dam 21 and construction of additional beartraps at dams 18, 22, 23, 27, 30, 39, and 43. In addition to completion of the above work, the following betterments are proposed to certain existing structures in order to provide adequate facilities for present day navigation: Construction of guard wall and guide wall extensions at locks and dams 35, 41, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, and 52. Also, part of the works of the existing project do not provide adequate facilities for present day navigation due to obsolescence of the structures. Since repair and modernization of these facilities would be extremely costly, replacement and reconstruction must be undertaken as soon as funds can be made available for the pur- pose. Funds have been made available for initiation of construc- tion in fiscal year 1955 of the New Cumberland locks and dam (Strattonville, Ohio) to replace locks and dams 7, 8, and 9. Other replacement and reconstruction facilities proposed are: Construc- tion of Pike Island locks and dam to replace locks and dams 10 and 11; construction of locks and dam in the vicinity of Greenup, Ky., to replace locks and dams 27, 28, 29, and 30; construction of locks and dam in the vicinity of New Richmond, Ohio, to replace locks and dams 31, 32, 33, and 34; construction of locks and dam in the vicinity of Markland, Ind., to replace locks and dams 35, 36, 37, 38, and 39; the reconstruction of lock and dam 41; and construction of Wabash Island locks and dam to replace locks and dams 48 and 49 OHIO RIVER 875 The costs to the end of the fiscal year for the existing project were as follows: Costs Funds New work Operation and mainten- ance, general Total Regular......------------------------------------------$107, 950, 288 $82, 527, 612 $190, 477, 900 Public works---.... -------------------------------------- 3, 258, 368 .............. 3, 258; 368 Emergency relief-......1----------- ------------ --- 1,198, 837 19, 000 1, 217, 837 Maintenance and operation- ..--------------------------- -------------- 2, 081, 900 2,081, 900 Total...............................----------------------------------------- 112, 407, 493 1 84,628, 512 197, 036, 005 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $98,459 was transferred to the project without reimbursement The cost of the previous 6-foot canalization project was $17,003,- 761, which was the expenditures to June 30, 1910. The total cost to date of new work, including the cost of old structures which have been replaced, is $129,411,254. In addition, the sum of $36,943,217 was expended between Oc- tober 7, 1885, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent in- definite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ------ -- $178, 700 $140, 000 $249, 881 $239, 291 $180, 000 $129,433, 402 Cost--------------...- -175, 184 55, 408 139,962 465, 614 196,028 129, 411, 254 Maintenance: Appropriated -------6, 456, 330 6, 645, 910 6, 617, 564 6,827,328 7, 265, 000 122, 563, 679 Cost.... 6, 487, 288 ...-------------- 6, 366, 866 6, 681, 704 6, 903, 725 6,862,457 2121, 571, 729 1 Includes $17,003,761 for new work and $920,945 for maintenance for previous projects. 2In!addition, surplus property valued at $98,459 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_----- - $12,967 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_.--- .1,090,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ----------------------------------- - 1,102,967 2. OPEN CHANNEL WORK, OHIO RIVER Open channel work on the Ohio River is in charge of the district engineer in whose district the work is located. For information as to the limits of the three districts on the 876 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Ohio River, see page 869. The portion of the river included in the project extends from the head of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa., to the mouth of the Cache River (Mound City, Ill.), a distance of 974.7 miles. Open channel improvement from the mouth of the Cache River to the mouth of the Ohio River is under the jurisdic- tion of the Mississippi River Commission. Existing project. Prior to the completion of the canalization project, no project depth had been fixed by Congress under the project for open channel work, but in order to properly aid packet and barge navigation it was found necessary to secure a low water channel having a minimum depth of from 4 to 6 feet, and a width, depending upon the difficulty of running the channel, of from 400 to 600 feet; also to permit the movement of large coal tows, which movement occurred at stages of water exceeding 10 feet, it was found necessary to remove the points of projecting bars which formed at various locations along the river. The accomplishment of this purpose involved the concentration of current by closing back channels at islands with low dams, the contraction and straightening of wide, open channels by low dikes, dredging of bars and shoals, and the removal of snags and wrecks. Since the completion of the canalization project, the work under the project for open channel work provides mainly for widening, deepening, and maintenance of the channel in the pools of the dams, and in the open river section of the river below lock and dam 53 so as to provide and maintain the full project depth of 9 feet con- templated by the canalization project. Channel widths generally are in excess of 500 feet, except at critical bars where there is peri- odic recurrent shoaling. Channels 300 feet in width are main- tained at critical bars by periodic dredging. Such channels may become constricted to a width of 250 feet before dredging can be accomplished. These channel widths are the minimum that will facilitate the movement of the present day barge tows. The ac- complishment of this work not only involves dredging of bars and shoals, but the construction and maintenance of back channel dams, dikes and bank revetments for stabilizing the channel, and the re- moval of snags and wrecks. Incidental to the direct improvement of the Ohio River is the construction and maintenance of ice piers as required for the pro- tection of river craft. The stage of extreme high water on the Ohio River varies from 46 feet at Pittsburgh, Pa., to 80 feet at Cincinnati, Ohio, with 57.2 feet at Louisville, Ky. (head of falls), 53.8 feet at Evansville, Ind., and 59.5 feet at Cairo, Ill. (mouth of river). The estimated cost of new work (1954) is $22,718,000, which is exclusive of the additional ice piers authorized by the River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, and the reforestation of sloughs OHIO RIVER 877 on Kentucky Peninsula near Evansville, Ind., authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance (1954) is $1,114,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1827 The project adopted by this act originally covered the entire length of the Ohio River from its mouth near Cairo to Pittsburgh, a distance of 981 miles. It pro- vided for the removal of all obstructions which tend to endanger steamboat navigation. Jan. 21,1927 Construction of ice piers as a part of the project, with H. Doc. 187, 67th Cong., 2d sess. funds allotted from the appropriations for general open-channel work. July 3, 1930 Reforestation of the sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula H. Doc. 409, 69th Cong., 1st sess. near Evansville, Ind., and a 200-foot strip along the upstream bank and for bank protection at an estimated cost of $200,000. Operation of snag boats on the Ohio River below the Pennsyl- vania State line was included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved Janu- ary 21, 1927, authorizing the construction of ice piers for general open-channel work, imposes the condition that before work is begun on any ice pier, local interests convey to the United States free of cost such riparian rights as may be deemed necessary in connection with the improvement at the locality (H. Doc. 187, 67th Cong., 2d sess.). Existing ice piers are adequate for present purposes and local cooperation is not needed since no additional construction is under consideration. The River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930, authorizing the reforestation of the sloughs on Kentucky Peninsula near Evans- ville, Ind., and a 200-foot strip along the upstream bank and for bank protection, provides that no expense shall be incurred by the United States for acquiring of any lands required for the purpose of this improvement (H. Doc. 409, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). However, since no serious overbank erosion has occurred since the bank revet- ment in 1933-34, reforestation is not considered justifiable at this time and no local cooperation is required. Terminal facilities. See page 873. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging, where required to provide an adequate and dependable channel of project depth at minimum pool conditions, was executed. The dikes and revetments were maintained and the routine work of maintaining navigation aids, removing snags, making channel studies and hydrographic surveys was performed as required. The specific work accomplished during the year was as follows: 878 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Operation and maintenance, general: The following dredging and other maintenance work was performed: Operation and ordinary maintenance: Channel sweeping and fathometer soundings; hydrographic surveys; channel inspections and aids to navigation; miscellaneous inspec- tions and reports---------...........................................---- $218, 280 Rehabilitation: Dredging (hired labor): Cu. yards Cost Pittsburgh District............. ...---------------- 30,490 $33,099 Louisville District--.. ..---.... - --.. 1, 269, 749 205,087 238, 186 Snagging and clearing .............- .............. .. ........ ..... . 313 --...............-- Total ...... ... 456, 779 The total cost during the fiscal year on the entire river, all for operation and maintenance, general, was $456,779. Condition at. end of fiscal year. The work under this project is about 71 percent complete. In addition to dredging, local stabili- zation of channel has been effected at various points by construc- tion of dikes and revetment. The work which remains to be done consists of dredging to widen the channel at various points to the project depth and placing of revetment at various points to further stabilize the channel and protect the banks against erosion. The total.costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Class of work Regular Public works Total funds funds New work_ $14, 922, 024 $1, 040, 236 $15, 962, 2 i0 Operation and maintenance, general __ 1 31, 833, 204 - - 31, 833, 204 Total . Total_______________________________________________ 46, 755, 46, 228 755, 228 i 1,040,236 1, 040, 236 47, 795, 464 47795,464 1 This amount includes $1,000 for removal of obstructions in Licking River under authority of section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930. In addition, the sum of $1,621,349 was expended between Sep- tember 19, 1890, and June 30, 1936, in the operation of snag boats under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 10, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_ --.--- $250,000 $130,000 $175,000 -$3, 600 -$1, 565 $15,962,260 Cost________ 320,763 159,565 214,335 1,753 -.......... 15,962,260 Maintenance: Appropriated .. 753,100 905,710 1, 154,818 1,100, 500 484,615 33, 549,608 Cost..-------------- 789,917 945,710 1,076,236 1,061,900 1476, 587 33, 454, 553 1 Includes $19,808 undistributed costs 30 June 1953. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT This district comprises portions of southern Kentucky, south- western Virginia, western North Carolina, northern Georgia and Alabama, northeastern Mississippi and practically all of Tennessee except the western portion, and embraces the drainage basins of the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers and their tributaries. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Cumberland River, Tenn. and 7. Wolf Creek Reservoir, Ohio Ky....----...------------------ 879 River Basin, Ky----------............... 899 2. Tennessee River, Tenn., Ala., 8. Dale Hollow Reservoir, Ohio and Ky ----------------- ...... .. 889 River Basin, Tenn. and Ky... 901 3. Inactive navigation projects..--- 894 9. Center Hill Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Tenn .....-. 904 Flood Control 10. Ohio River Basin, Nashville, Tenn., district...............-------------. 906 4. Middlesboro, Cumberland 11. Inactive flood-control projects.. 90& --------- River Basin, Ky--..... 895 12. General investigations......---------........ 908 5. Pineville, Cumberland River 13. Flood control work under spe- Basin, Ky ..... 896 cial authorization ........---------- 909 6. Barbourville, Kyy 897 1. CUMBERLAND RIVER, TENN. AND KY. Location. This river is formed by the junction of Poor and Clover Forks in Harlan County, Ky., about 692.8 miles above its mouth, and flows west to Burnside, Ky., from whence it makes a loop southwestward into Tennessee, passes Nashville, and returns. northwestward to Kentucky, emptying into the Ohio near Smith- land, Ky. (See U. S. Geological Survey base maps of Tennessee and Kentucky.) Previous projects. Below Nashville: The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1832, made the first appropriation for this section of the river, but the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, was the first to define a project for its improvement. The River and Harbor Act of September 19, 1890, adopted a special project for the im- provement of the mouth of the river. For further details see page 1901 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1208 of Annual Report. for 1938. Above Nashville: Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 14, 1876, March 3, 1881, and July 5, 1884. For further details see page 1898 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1208 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. Below Nashville: Prior to adoption of the, 9-foot navigable channel defined in succeeding paragraphs, the project for this section of the river provided for the construction of locks and dams A, B, C, D, E, and F, and dredging in the 43.6 miles from lock F to the mouth to secure 6-foot navigation at extreme. low water from the mouth to lock and dam 1, Nashville, Tenn. 879 880 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 (188.4 miles above the mouth), the first lock constructed under the project for the section of the river above Nashville. The surmount- ing of dams A to F with movable crests was also provided. Dredging in the lower river was made unnecessary by the con- struction of lock and dam 52, Ohio River, which created a pool of more than 6-foot depth from lock F to the mouth. The cost of new work for completion of the 6-foot navigation project was $4,706,883, excluding amounts expended on .previous projects. The principal features of the locks and dams included in the project are given in the following table: Lock A Lock B Lock C Nearest railroad station_..___. Fox Bluff, Tenn. at Hickory Point, Tenn., Sailors Rest, Tenn., station. 2% miles. 1 mile. Distance above mouth of river-- 150.6 miles___ ............140.3miles_.---------- 108.5 miles. Lock dimensions 1_- -____.__52 by 280 feet--------.......... 52 by 280 feet--------.......... 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level---......--... 371.9 feet, mean sea 358.6 feet, mean sea 346.8 feet, mean sea level. level. level. Lift above normal pool of dam 13.3 feet ________ ....... 11.8 feet..........------------.. 12.3 feet. below. Depth on miter sills at normal f10.5 feet, upper- __... 10.1 feet, upper ---. 10.5 feet, upper. pool. 110.3 feet, lower-....... 10.3 feet, lower .---- 10.2 feet, lower. Character of foundation-...._.. Rock .... _- Rock ....--------------. Rock. Kind of dam _____________ Fixed_-------------- Fixed_--------- Fixed. Type of construction 2--....___....Stone masonry lock, Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber timber crib dam. crib dam. crib dam. Placed in operation..---------- Nov. 26, 1904 ........------- Nov. 9, 1916__........... Sept. 2, 1918. Cost of lock and dam .--------......$490,011 __ ----.- $679,683------------............... $721,381. Lock D Lock E Lock F Nearest railroad station ........ Cumberland City, Cadiz, Ky., 12miles __ Eddyville, Ky., 1 mile. Tenn., 21 miles. Distance above mouth of river__ 88 miles------------ ............ 66.3miles--___............. 43.6 miles. Lock dimensions 1----_-- 52 by 280 feet-......... 52 by 280 feet--........ 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level-----------.............. 334.5 feet, mean sea 323.6 feet, mean sea 313.5 feet, mean sea level. level. level. Lift above normal pool of dam 10.9 feet------------ 10.1 feet------------ 11.5 feet. below. Depth on miter sills at normal 110.3 feet, upper- ...... 10.7 feet, upper- .....10.6 feet, upper. pool. 110.3 feet, lower-_ _ _ 10.6 feet, lower- ...... 12.4 feet, lower. Character of foundation--..__ .. Rock _____................ Rock . Rock S. ..-------------- Fixed...--------------............ Fixed -------------- Kind of dam---------------................... Fixed. Type of construction 2---____ . Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber Concrete lock, timber crib dam. crib dam. crib dam. Placed in operation.....---------- Dec. 21, 1916---------.... Nov. 20, 1922--------........ Nov. 1, 1923. Cost of lock and dam... .. $629,255 .........------------.. $1,075,810-.......____._. $1,110,743. 1 Clear width and length available for full width. 2With concrete cap and movable crest. s Abutment founded on piles; dam partly on rock and partly on gravel. The extreme fluctuation in the stage of the river varies from about 23 to 60 feet at different localities. Fluctuations below ex- treme high water are so variable that it is impracticable to fix the stage commonly referred to on other streams as ordinary high water. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (Public Law 525, 79th Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the further improvement of the Cumberland River between the mouth and Nashville for 9-foot navigation; the increased project depth to be obtained by construc- tion of 3 moderate height dams with lockage facilities, designated as Kuttawa (Eureka), Dover, and Cheatham, to replace the exist- ing locks A to F, inclusive, below Nashville, and lock 1, above Nash- ville. (See H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) The cost (1954) of RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 881 canalization with locks 110 feet wide and 800 feet long is estimated as $50,620,000. Supplemental authority contained in Public Law 396, 82d Congress, 2d session, approved June 19, 1952, provides for the construction of facilities for the generation of hydroelectric power at Cheatham Dam, at an additional cost of $18,200,000. The principal features of the locks and dams comprising the modified project for 9-foot navigation and power production are as follows: Lock and dam Dover Cheatham 1Kuttawa Nearest town-_ .. - Kuttawa, Ky., Cumberland Ashland City, 9 miles. City, Tenn., Tenn., 9 miles. 4 miles. Distance above mouth of river _ ._____. 32.2 miles- ...... 100.1 miles-...... 148.7 miles. Lock dimensions 1.- ...- - - _ 110 by 800 feet_.. 110 by 800 feet.--- 110 by 800 feet. Normal pool level ____ . ______.. .. _. .. 328 feet, mean 355 feet, mean 385 feet, mean sea level. sea level. sea level. Lift at normal pool levels______...........___ ..... 26 feet........... 27 feet-........... 30 feet. Depths on guard sills at normal pool levels....... 16.0 feet, upper.. 16.0 feet, upper-- 17.0 feet, upper- 12.0 feet, lower_.. 13.0 feet, lower.. 13.0 feet, lower. Character of foundation.... Rock .......... Rock-_........ Rock. Kind of dam ....... ..... _ ...... ..... ........ Fixed 2.......... Fixed 2_......... Fixed 2. Type of construction_........__ __.___.._____ _ __ Concrete-..... Concrete----....... Concrete. Power development: Number of units __ _....__ .___ ..... _ .. ..... 3. Generator rating (kilowatts) ......... 12,000. Total installation (kilowatts) .......... 36,000. Percentage of com pletion _____ ______ . ____ _ 44. Estimated cost: Lock and dam ............... ............... Power plant__ _------.- $15, 859, 000 $21, 261, 000 $13, 500, 000 18, 200, 000 I- -- I- Total, project. 15, 859, 000 21, 261, 000 31, 700, 000 1 Clear width and length available for full width. 2 Gate-controlled spillway across stream channel. The existing project for the section below Nashville was author- ized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13, 1892 Provision made for lock A__..._.._ Annual Report, 1890, p. 2151. June 25,1910 Provision made for locks B to F, and for dredging H. Docs. 758, 60th Cong., 1st sess., below lock F. and 1481, ' 60th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Repairing dams A to F, inclusive, and surmounting H. Doc. 38, 73d Cong., 1st sess. same with movable crests. July 24,1946 Provision of 9-foot channel by the construction of 3 H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess. moderate height dams below Nashville. June 19,1952 Provision for hydroelectric power production as a---------- function of Cheatham Dam. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. Above Nashville: The River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, March 2, 1907, March 2, 1919, and June 5, 1920, provided for the construction of locks and dams 1 to 17 and 21 to secure 6-foot navi- gation at low water from Nashville (lock and dam 1, 188.4 miles above the mouth) to Waitsboro Shoals (a distance of 324.6 miles), and 4-foot navigation from Waitsboro Shoals to Burnside (3 miles) ; provision also being made for the periodic removal of snags and similar obstructions from Nashville (lock and dam 1) to Burnside 882 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 (327.6 miles). The project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, further provided for raising dam 1 by 3 feet (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 26, 70th Cong., 2d sess.). Under the above authority, locks and dams 1 to 8, inclusive, and 21 were completed and placed in operation during the period 1888-- 1924. The raising of dam 1 by installation of crest wickets was completed in October 1931. Proposed locks and dams 16 and 17 were eliminated from the project upon authorization of Wolf Creek Reservoir (p. 899), the construction of which has also resulted in the permanent inundation of lock and dam 21. The estimated cost for new work, last revised in 1947, is $14,- 600,000; including $25,000 for raising dam 1, and excluding the costs of projected locks and dams 16 and 17 eliminated by Wolf Creek Reservoir. The principal features of the existing locks and dams 1 to 8, in- clusive, are given in the following tabulation; for comparable details on lock and dam 21 (abandoned) and the other structures contemplated under the project, see Annual Report for 1950: Lock 1 Lock 2 Lock 3 Lock 4 Nearest railroad sta- Nashville, Tenn., Madison, Tenn., Hendersonville, Gallatin, Tenn., 5 tion. 2% miles. 1% miles. Tenn. 3 miles. miles. Distance above mouth 188.4 miles .....---- 201 miles__________ 218.1 miles ------- 237 miles. of river. Lock dimensions 1 52 by 280 feet ----- 52 by 280 feet.----- 52 by 280 feet -. - 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool level -- . 377.4 feet, mean 386.4 feet, mean 397.5 feet, mean 410.8 feet, mean sea level. sea level. sea level. sea level. Lift above normalpool 5.5 feet _...---- 9 feet.......------ 11.1 feet .--- --- 13.3 feet. of dam below. Depth on miter sills at J9.5 feet, upper-..... 7.5 feet, upper -- 6.6 feet, upper - 7.9 feet, upper. normal pool. 10.5 feet, lower - - 9.5 feet, lower .. 7.5 feet, lower . 6.6 feet, lower. Character of founda- Rock ....---------- Rock---- - Rock ---.- - - Rock. tion. Kind of dam- . * Fixed ...------ Fixed .__......._ Fixed .....- ... Fixed. Type of construction Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry lock, timber 2 lock, timber lock, timber lock, timber crib dam. " crib dam;3 con- crib dam; con- crib dam; 3 con- crete cap. crete cap. crete cap. Placed in operation.... Nov. 26, 1904...... Oct. 9, 1907...____.._Oct. 15, 1908 -_---- Nov. 17, 1909. Cost of lock and dam_. - ........ $395,634 $340,242-........ $348,354-- ........ $346,430. 1 1 1 l Lock 5 Lock 6 Lock 7 Lock 8 I------------I 1 Nearest railroad sta- Lebanon, Tenn., Hartsville, Tenn., Carthage, Tenn., Carthage, Tenn. tion. 10 miles. 4 miles. 8Y2 miles. 5 miles. Distance above mouth 264.7 miles-........ 281.6 miles........ 299.7 miles __....-- 317 miles. of river. 1 Lock dimensions '_ 52 by 280 feet-...... 52 by 280 feet-...... 52 by 280 feet...... 52 by 280 feet. Normal pool leveL--- 421.5 feet, mean 435.2 feet, mean 445.5 feet, mean 458.2 feet, mean sea level. sea level. sea level. sea level. Lift above normal pool 10.7 feet----------- 13.7 feet...------......-- 10.3 feet.........._ 12.7 feet. of dam below. Depth on miter sills at 16.6 feet, upper..... 8.3 feet, upper-..... 6.6 feet, upper ... 6.7 feet, upper. normal pool. \7.9 feet, lower-..... 6.6 feet, lower-..... 8.3 feet, lower. _-- 6.7 feet, lower. Character of founda- Rock............ Rock.... ..------.. Rock----------- Rock. tion. Kind of dam.--------- Fixed............. Fixed __-......... Fixed............. Fixed. Type of construction... Stone masonry Stone masonry Stone masonry Concrete lock, tim- lock, timber lock, timber lock, timber ber crib dam. crib dam; con- crib dam; con- crib dam; con- crete cap. crete cap. crete cap. Placed in operation.... Oct. 18, 1909....... Oct. 21, 1910....... Oct. 18, 1910------- Sept. 15, 1924. Cost of lock and dam.. $373,590 ........... $369,357_-_---.... $378,568---.......-- $680,915. SClear width and length available for full width. SWith concrete cap and movable crest. SWith timber cap set on concrete cap. RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 883 The extreme fluctuation in the stage of the river varies from about 20 to 40 feet at different localities. Fluctuations below ex- treme high water are so variable that it is impracticable to fix the stage commonly referred to on other streams as ordinary high water. The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946 (Public Law 525, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) also authorized, in addition to the further improvement for navigation between the mouth and Nashville, the construction of Old Hickory, Carthage, and Celina Dams above Nashville for navigation and power. The cost (1954) including a lock at Old Hickory, is estimated as $122,964,000. Prosecution of the modified project for this section of the river will eliminate ex- isting locks and dams 2 to 8, inclusive, and precludes further con- sideration of the previously projected locks and dams 9-15, inclu- sive. (See H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sess.) The principal features of the authorized reservoir units are as follows: Dam and reservoir Old Hickory Carthage Celina Nearest town...-.......------.-------- Old Hickory, Carthage, Celina, Tenn., Tenn.,3miles. Tenn., 5miles. 5 miles. Distance above mouth of river (miles)-........... 216.2--...-.. ... 313.5 ... . .. 385.7. Lock dimensions (feet) 1----------------------........... 84 by 400-...... Lift at normal pool levels (feet)-------------... -- 60 .............. Depths on guard sills at normal pool levels (feet)_ (17.0 upper -..-- ,13.0, lower ----- Character of foundation------- ------- ----------Rock----------- Rock ........... Rock. Height of dam (feet)----..------------------------ 98-------------- 98............. 86. Type of dam...--------------------------------- Concrete gravity Concrete gravity Concrete gravity and earthfill. and earthfill. and earthfill. Spillway: Gross length (feet) _----------------- 325 ------ - -- 265 ----- 290. Netlength (feet)-----------------------------.......... 270------------.. 225_-- - 250. Crest gates: Type ,, . .....-----------------------. Tainter ...-... Tainter__ . Tainter. Number....... ........------------------------ 6------------- ........ 5-- - 5. Size (feet)----------------..------------------ 45 by 41 ------.. 45 by 41_ 50 by 37. Discharge capacity (cfs).... 226,000......--------- 176,000___ 142,000. Operating levels (feet, mean sea level): M axim um regulated surcharge .......... 450 ----. - -- 508 ------ 555. Normal pool----...--........ ...------------- 445------------ 500 - . 550. Conservation pool.........._............... 442..------------ 497 --.. . 549. Reservoir capacity (acre-feet): Flood control 2----------------------------............... 125,000 .. . 106,000 - .... 59,000. Pondage allowance for power- ........-- --- 63,000..... ... 32,000 -------.. 10,000. Conservation...------------------- 357,000-........ 217,000 ...... 179,000. Total..............-------------------.......... 545,000. .. ... 355,000 - .... 248,000. Power development: Number of units ............-..........----- 4--.............---------- 4------------..3. Generator rating (kilowatts) ............. 25,000---------........... 23,000---------. 23,000. Total installation (kilowatts).-.. - ..-100,000-------........-- 92,000- __... . 69,000. Estimated cost: Construction.._ ---------------- $39, 186, 800 $33, 019, 300 $28, 542, 900 Lands and damages.......................... 10, 713, 200 5, 544, 700 5, 957, 100 ---------- Total...............--- -- _... 49, 900, 000 38, 564, 000 34, 500, 000 1 Clear width and length available for full width. 2 Surcharge storage. 884 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project for the section above Nashville was author- ized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5,1886 Provision made for locks and dams; the Secretary of Annual Report 1884, p. 1663. War to determine the final plan of improvement. Dimensions of the locks fixed in accordance with re- Annual Report 1888, p. 1622, and ports of Mar. 30, 1887, and Nov. 25, 1890. Annual Report 1892, p. 1933. Mar. 2,1907 Adoption of the report of the Board of Engineers, H. Doc. 699, 59th Cong., 1st sess. dated Feb. 26, 1906, limiting the lock and dam con- struction to locks and dams 1 to 7, and 21. Mar. 2,1919 Provision made for locks and dams 8 to 17.....---------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 10, 63d Cong., 2d sess. June 5, 1920 Authorizes work to proceed in Tennessee without waiting for action of local interests in Kentucky. July 3,1930 Raising dam 1, 3 feet---...- - -------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 26, 70th Cong., 2d sess. June 26,19341 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. July 24, 1946 Construction of Old Hickory, Carthage, and Celina H. Doc. 761, 79th Cong., 2d sesso Dams above Nashville for navigation and the de- velopment of power resources. 'Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. The current (1954) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of both sections of the river is $850,000. Recommended modification of project. Senate Document No. 81, 83d Congress, 2d session, recommends modification of the existing project for navigation on the Cumberland River, Tenn. and Ky., to provide, in lieu of the presently authorized works at: Kuttawa, mile 32.2, and Dover, mile 100.1, for the construction of a multipurpose improvement for navigation, flood control, and hydroelectric power consisting of a dam, lock, and power plant in the vicinity of mile 30.5 on the lower Cumberland River and a canal for navigation and other purposes connecting the proposed reservoir with the reservoir formed by Kentucky Dam on the Tennessee River, at a total estimated cost to the United States of $145,000,000 for construction and $433,000 annually for mainte- nance and operation. Local cooperation. Below Nashville: None required. Above Nashville: Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. At Nashville, Tenn., there is a five-story terminal building 300 feet long and 140 feet wide, built of rein- forced concrete, having large and convenient loading platforms, electric elevator and crane, with railroad connections, municipally owned and open for public use. At Clarksville, Tenn., there is a privately owned warehouse with inclined tramway. Privately owned terminals for the transfer of petroleum products have been constructed at Dover, Clarksville, and Nashville, Tenn. There are also privately owned terminals located near Smithland, Ky., used for the transfer of riprap rock; at Dycusburg, Ky., for the transfer of fluorspar; at Clarksville, Tenn., for the transfer of sand and gravel; and at Nashville, Tenn., for the transfer of sand and gravel, scrap metals, molasses, and forest products. In addition to the foregoing there are many unimproved private landings along the river. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. a. Below Nashville: RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 885 Operations for completion of the Cheatham unit of the existing project as modified for 9-foot navigation were continued. The principal items of work under the continuing contract for construction of the dam were brought to the following percentages of completion: Cofferdam, 100 percent; common excavation, 58 percent; rock excavation, 98 percent; concrete placed, 99 percent; tainter gate anchorages, 100 percent; steel sheet piling for power- house cofferdam, 93 percent; and power plant cofferdam installa- tion, 82 percent. Approximate quantities of the major items of work accomplished were: Common excavation, 19,610 cubic yards; rock excavation, 138,300 cubic yards; concrete placed, 16,270 cubic yards; miscellaneous metal and pipe placed, 72,240 pounds; and steel sheet piling furnished, 1,193,040 pounds. First stage excavation for the power plant under a continuing contract was completed during the year, with approximately 13,160 square feet of line drilling, 9,900 cubic yards common excavation, and 54,100 cubic yards rock excavation being accom- plished. A contract for design of the power plant was initiated, and operations under contracts for furnishing upstream emer- gency dam and for additional reservoir clearing (1,995 acres) were initiated and completed. Work under contracts for turbine and generator manufacture was continued. Necessary relocations of roads in Dickson County, Tennessee, were effected under an agreement entered into with the county. In addition to preparation and issuance of plans and specifica- tions for the work items contracted during the year, hired labor operations included planning for additional roadway relocations and completion of plans and specifications for the following: Railroad relocations; powerhouse substructure; accessory elec- trical equipment; draft tube gantry, and 275-ton cranes; intake and draft tube gates; permanent upper lock gate sill; and demoli- tion of locks and dams A and No. 1. Land acquisition activities were continued; 152 acres within the reservoir area being acquired in fee simple and 461 acres in easement. Negotiations with the Tennessee Central Railway for necessary railroad relocations were completed. The costs for new work were $3,959,248. Maintenance by Government plant and hired labor consisted of navigation inspections, removing 9,815 cubic yards of mud and 5,626 snags from the channel, and dredging 82,465 cubic yards of material at the following sites: 47,550 cubic yards at Devils Potato Hill IBar (Mile 65.0); 7,755 cubic yards at Kuttawa Bar (Mile 40.4) ; 13,200 cubic yards at Shelley Island Bar (Mile 54.0) ; 6,435 cubic yards at Kuttawa Ferry Bar (Mile 41.8) ; and 7,525 cubic yards below Cheatham lock and dam (Mile 148.3). The cost of operation and maintenance was $78,980. b. Above Nashville: Construction under the modified project for this section of the river was continued under contracts for features of the Old Hickory unit. With completion of the lock and dam structures during the year, the following quantities of the major items of work were accomplished: Common excavation, 338,200 cubic yards; rock excavation, 5,730 cubic yards; im- pervious fill, 77,400 cubic yards; random fill, 58,650 cubic yards; 886 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 concrete placed, 58,470 cubic yards; reinforcing steel installed, 456,500 pounds; and miscellaneous metal work installed, 451,300 pounds. Contracts for furnishing spillway bulkheads and clearing a portion of the reservoir area (10,480 acres) were initiated and completed. Work accomplished under a continuing contract awarded during the year for construction of the power plant consisted principally of mobilization of forces and plant, acquisition of materials, and initiation of cofferdam placement. Miscellaneous activities were continued under outstanding contracts for turbines and governors, generators, cranes, transformers, and accessory electrical equip- ment in accordance with delivery schedules. Negotiations were continued with owning agencies for adjust- ment of natural-gas transmission lines and with individual counties regarding county and farm road relocation. Work under agreements entered into with Sumner and Wilson Counties, Tenn., was commenced by those counties. An agreement was also reached with one of the two gas-line companies involved. Design of the power plant was performed by contract. Hired labor operations included preparation and issuance of plans and specifications for the other work items contracted during the year, preparation of such for additional reservoir clearing (4,950 acres), and partial accomplishment of engineering and design studies for required channel dredging, demolition of existing locks, and additional road relocations. Approximately 16,125 acres of land in the reservoir area were acquired, 16,085 acres in fee simple and 40 acres in easement. Preliminary work (engineering and design) only in connection with the Carthage and Celina units of the modified project for this section of the river was performed. Mapping of both reservoirs by contract was completed. Definite design studies for Carthage Dam, comprising investigations and preliminary designs required for definition of overall features of the project, were prosecuted by hired labor and brought to about 65 percent completion. The costs for new work were $13,221,074. No channel main- tenance costs were incurred. c. Operation and maintenance of locks and dams: Old Hickory lock was placed in temporary operation during the year for the passage of tows during construction of the power plant. Locks A to F, Cheatham, and 1 to 7, inclusive, were operated as required. Maintenance, improvement, and reconstruction work was held to a minimum in compliance with policy concerning the use of critical materials and equipment, and in view of the development of new navigation facilities now under way. Repairs were made to a broken gate pintle at lock A and to the filling valves at locks B, C, D, E, F, and 2. The emptying valves at lock C were rebuilt. Other operations included construction of steel steps at the up- stream end of lock E; and the installation of electric lines to the abutments at locks B-F, inclusive, in connection with provision of flood-lighting facilities. The cost of operation and maintenance was $619,370. The total costs during the fiscal year were $17,878,672, of which RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 887 $17,180,322 was for new work, and $698,350 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. a. Below Nashville: All locks and dams under the existing 6-foot navigation project for this section of the river have been completed, affording full project depth between the mouth and Nashville throughout the entire year. The initiation of work on lock and dam A in June 1895 marked the commencement of construction under the project. The dates on which the individual locks and dams were completed and placed in operation are given in the tables under paragraph "Existing project." New work under the authorized modification of the existing project for 9-foot navigation, as a whole, was approximately 20 percent complete. Engineering and design were about 60 percent complete. Construction under the modified project was commenced in April 1950 when operations were initiated under a continuing contract for construction of the Cheatham lock, access road, and operations building. The lock was placed in temporary operation on December 12, 1952. Work under a continuing contract for construction of the dam was initiated in August 1952, and at the end of the year was 90 percent complete. Contracts for the following had been completed: Spillway bulkheads; emergency dam; reservoir clearing (2,275 acres) ; removal of a cemetery in vicinity of the dam; relocation of affected roads in Dickson County, Tennessee; and first stage excavation for the power plant. Work under contracts for turbine and generator manufacture was in progress. A contract was awarded near the end of the year for demolition of existing locks and dams A and No. 1, but work has not been started. Approximately 99 percent of the lands requited for purposes of the project has been acquired, about 5,714 acres in fee simple and 1,325 acres in easement. The Cheatham project as a whole was 44 percent complete. The total costs for this section to June 30, 1954, were $19,796,- 789, including $685,000 from Public Works funds. Of this amount, $19,022,539 was for new work, and $774,250 for operation and maintenance. b. Above Nashville: Prior to modification of the existing proj- ect for this section of the river in 1946, locks and dams 1 to 8, inclusive, and 21 had been completed; the initiation of work on lock and dam 1 in September 1888 marking the commencement of construction under the project. The dates on which the completed structures 1 to 8 were placed in operation are given in the table under paragraph "Existing project." Lock and dam 21, completed in October, 1911, has since been inundated by Wolf Creek Reser- voir (described on p. 899), which also eliminated projected locks and dams 16 and 17. Operation of lock 21 was discontinued on May 4, 1947; custodial services only being maintained until May 31, 1949, at which time the structure was abandoned. Owing to cessation of river traffic above Carthage, Tenn., lock 8 was placed in an inoperative status on November 30, 1951. Lock and dam 3 was operated to June 14, 1954, at which time the structure was inundated by the Old Hickory reservoir. 888 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 With Old Hickory lock now in temporary operation, the existing locks and dams provide, at extreme low water, a navigable channel 6 feet deep from Nashville (lock and dam 1,188.4 miles above the mouth) to Niagara Shoals, a distance of 143 miles. In the shallowest part of the uncanalized reach between the head of pool, lock and dam 8, and Wolf Creek Dam at mile 460.9 above the mouth, the depth at extreme low water is about 0.5 foot. In this section, 3-foot navigation is practically certain from February 1 to May 1, and usually possible from January 1 to June 1. Four- foot navigation is usually possible from February 1 to May 1, but no period can be fixed during which it is reasonably certain. Navigation of vessels drawing over 4 feet is uncertain at all times. When the Celina gage reads 1 foot, 16-inch navigation is practi- cable, and for each additional foot of reading on this gage, the navigable depth is increased 0.8 foot. New work under the authorized modification of the existing project for this section of the river, as a whole, was 22 percent complete. Engineering and design were 44 percent complete. Construction of Old Hickory under the modified project was commenced in January 1952, and the contract for the lock and dam structures has been completed. The lock was placed in temporary operation on June 14, 1954. Work under a continuing contract for construction of the power plant was initiated in March 1954, and was approximately 5 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. A contract covering access road construction and excavation in the switchyard area had been completed. The status of various contracts for Government-furnished equipment items was as follows: Turbines, 92 percent complete; generators, 91 percent; main transformers, 90 percent; 275-ton powerhouse crane, 77 percent; 75-ton crane, 87 percent; 15-ton gantry crane, 77 percent; and accessory electrical equipment, 63 percent. Approximately 23,556 acres, or 79 percent of the necessary reservoir lands, have been acquired in fee simple; and 40 acres in easement. A portion of the area, 10,480 acres, has been cleared by contract. Relocation work was in progress at the end of the year under road construction agreements with two of five counties involved. The Old Hickory project as a whole was about 54 percent complete. The total costs for this section to June 30, 1954, were $31,578,- 231, of which $31,220,620 was for new work and $357,611 for operation and maintenance. c. Operation and maintenance of locks and dams: Locks A-F, 1, 2, and 4-7, inclusive, and the new Cheatham and Old Hickory locks were in operation, the structures and appurtenances having been maintained in serviceable condition. The total costs under the existing project for the entire stream were $59,125,059, of which $50,243,159, including $685,000 from Public Work funds, was for new work, and $8,881,900 for opera- tion and maintenance. Surplus property valued at $5,748 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $3,266,706 was expended between July 1, 1905, and June 30, RIVERS AND HARBORS-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 889 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated-....... $1,516, 000 $2,455,200 $5, 250,000 $16,255,000 3$18, 191,680 8$52, 290, 534 Cost---------------- 462, 887 1, 987, 939 4,607,131 17, 235, 708 17,180, 322 51, 069, 412 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 852,450 527, 959 728, 000 558, 147 697, 500 12, 187, 674 Cost---------------- 793 056 608, 883 601, 109 686, 362 698, 351 212, 148, 606 1 Includes $826,253 for new work and $3,266,706 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $5,748 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 3 Includes construction funds borrowed from other projects in amount of $2,230,000. 4 Excludes construction funds borrowed during fiscal year 1954 from other projects. 5 Total for completion of existing project including Dover and Kuttawa locks and dams. The authoriza- tion of the recommended Lower Cumberland lock and dam, which is a substitute for Dover and Kuttawa locks and dams, will increase this amount by $166,915,300. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ _- $132,431 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-.... 4 15,560,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-------------------_ -------------------- 15,692,431 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ __ -____________--- ---- 133,512,120 2. TENNESSEE RIVER, TENN., ALA., AND KY. Location. The Tennessee River is formed by the junction of the French Broad and the Holston Rivers in eastern Tennessee, 4.4 miles above the Gay Street Bridge at Knoxville, flows south- west into northern Alabama, thence in a generally westerly course across north Alabama, to the northeast boundary of Mississippi, thence nearly due north across Tennessee and Kentucky, entering the Ohio River at Paducah, 652.1 miles from the junction of the French Broad and Holston Rivers. (See U. S. Geological Survey base map of the Tennessee River Basin.) Previous projects. a. Above Chattanooga: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, June 10, 1872, August 18, 1894, and July 25, 1912. b. Chattanooga to Riverton: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, July 25, 1868, March 3, 1871, September 19, 1890; acts of April 26, 1904, and January 7, 1905; and River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1907, June 25, 1910, July 25, 1912, July 27, 1916, and March 3, 1925. c. Below Riverton: Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1868, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and July 25, 1912. For further details see pages 1902 to 1906 Annual Report for 1915, pages 1190-1194, 1196-1216, and 1220-1222, Annual Report for 1929, and page 1216, Annual Report for 1938. The costs for permanent work were $15,123,219. Existing project. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (Public No. 520, 71st Cong., 2d sess.), authorized the permanent improvement of the river for a navigable depth of 9 feet at low 890 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 water from the mouth to Knoxville, Tenn., a distance of about 650 miles, to be obtained by the construction of low dams; provided, that under the provisions of the Federal Water Power Act a high dam with locks may be substituted for any two or more of the low dams and built by private interests, States, or municipalities; and provided further, that in case high dams are built before the United States shall have built the projected locks and low dams which are to be replaced, the United States shall contribute to the cost of the substituted structures an amount equal to the estimated cost of the work of navigation for which substitution is made. (See H. Doc. 328, 71st Cong., 2d sess.) The estimated cost of the authorized project as contained in House Document 328, 71st Congress, 2d session, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $74,709,000 for new work and $40,000 annually for the maintenance and operation of each lock and dam. The latest published maps are in the project document. The above-mentioned act also authorized the appropriation of $5,000,000 for the prosecution of work on this project. The only construction performed by the Corps of Engineers thereunder was the construction of the lock at the General Joe Wheeler Dam and miscellaneous appurtenant improvements. No low dams were constructed under this authorization. The cost of new work completed by the Corps of Engineers is $2,244,236, excluding amounts expended on previous projects. The current (1954) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of channels, the 10 locks, and dam 1 (including the locks constructed by the Tennessee Valley Authority and operated by the Corps of Engineers) is $800,000. Under the provisions of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, approved May 18, 1933 (Public Law 17, 73d Cong.), as amended by an act approved August 31, 1935, the Tennessee Valley Authority is given power to construct such dams in the Tennessee River as will provide a 9-foot channel and maintain a water supply for same from Knoxville to its mouth. The Tennessee Valley Authority program provides for obtaining the authorized 9-foot project by the construction of high dams and locks and utilization of certain locks and dams previously con- structed under the jurisdiction of the Corps of Engineers. The following table contains information concerning various features of the locks and dams now comprising the existing 9-foot project: Location Lock Dam Dimensions Minimum depth on Estimated guard sills Per or actual " Name of project 1 Miles Length Lift Character cent- Year Kind Type of cost of above Distance from Width avail- of founda- age of opened of construction each lock mouth nearest town of able tion com- to navi- dam and dam cham- for Nor- Maxi- pletion gation ber full mal mum Lower Upper (feet) width (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) Kentucky.......------------ 22. 4 0.5 mile above Gil- 110 600 56. 0 73. 3 12. 7 11. 0 Limestone 100 1942 Fixed_ Concrete and (2) bertsville, Ky. earth fill. Pickwick Landing.... 206.7 4.4 miles above Ham- 110 600 55.0 63.0 12. 8 10. 0 __.do-... . 100 1937 .__do... do....... (s) burg, Tenn. No. 1-- ------------- 256.8 0.3 mile above railroad 60 298 4.0 10.0 13.7 411.2 .. _do--..... 100 1926 ___do___ Concrete...... s 989, 215 bridge at Florence, Ala. Wilson. 259. 4 2.9 miles above Flor- 60 90.0 90. 0 6 11.1 11.2 do------ 100 1927 -- do--- _do _-- . 746, 973, 540 General Joe Wheeler__ 274. 9 18.4 miles above Flor- ence Ala. 60 360 48. 0 51. 5 13. 2 14. 7 __.do- 100 1934 _..do___ do .. 81, 796, 295 8. Guntersville -.. .-.. 349.0 9.1 miles below Gun- 60 360 39. 0 45. 0 11.8 13.0 ___do.._____ 100 1937 Concrete and _..._do___ (s) tersville Ala. earth fill. Hales Bar 10. .. 431. 1 33.0 miles below Chat- 60 265 39. 0 41. 0 10. 7 16. 7 -..do....... 100 1913 _do__ Concrete -- __. .- 236, 389 tanooga, Tenn. Chickamauga_, .... 471. 0 6.9 miles above Chat- 60 360 49. 0 53.'0 13.8 10. 0 ___do..... 100 1937 -._do___ Concrete and (s) tanooga, Tenn. earth fill. Watts Bar ........... 529. 9 6.8 miles above Breed- 60 360 58. 0 70. 0 11.8 12. 0 Shale.... 100 1941 .. do... do... () enton, Tenn. Fort Loudoun ...... 602.3 1.3 miles above Lenoir 60 360 72. O0 80. 0 11.8 12.0 Limestone 100 1943 .__do__...do....--------- (3) City, Tenn. 1 H. Doc. 328, 71st Cong., 2d sess., contains table, pp. 98-99, giving pertinent informa- 6 Tailwater in canal; flight of 2 locks. tion concerning low dams contemplated under 1930 project. Annual Report, Chief of Engineers, for 1938, pp. 1218-1219, contains similar information pertaining to low dams 7 Constructed by Corps of Engineers under authority of sec. 124, National Defense Act of June 3, 1916 (H. Doe. 1262, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). Actual cost of lock and dam. H in addition to existing locks and dams, including those constructed or under construe- s Actual cost of lock only as constructed by Corps of Engineers; dam constructed by tion by the Tennessee Valley Authority. Tennessee Valley Authority. 'Lock and dam constructed by Tennessee Valley Authority. 9 Actual cost to United States of existing lock; cost of existing lock and dam to power ' Lock and dam constructed by Tennessee Valley Authority. Design for lock prepared company was about $6,686,700. Structure built under supervision of Corps of Engineers. with Corps of Engineers forces and funds. 10 Reconstruction of dam by Tennessee Valley Authority for raising pool level com- ' Minimum upper pool corresponding to fixed crest of dam. pleted in 1948. SConstructed by Corps of Engineers; actual cost of lock and dam. Crest of dam raised 00 1,7 feet by Tennessee Valley Authority in 1948. €g 892 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The functions of the Corps of Engineers since adoption of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933 have been those of cooper- ation with the Authority through preparing (with Corps of Engineers forces and funds) the designs of locks at Pickwick, Guntersville, Chickamauga, Watts Bar, and Fort Loudoun Dams; and, in accordance with the general navigation laws placing con- trol and supervision over navigable waters in the Secretary of the Army, the Corps of Engineers: Operates and maintains all locks, lifts, or other facilities in aid of navigation; maintains navigation channels and safety harbors by performing all necessary dredging and snagging operations; examines and passes upon plans for all bridges, wharves, or other structures in navigable waters prior to construction, including construction plans involving the alteration or modification of existing channels; establishes harbor lines where essential to the preservation and protection of harbors; provides for removal of unlawful structures, including wrecks; cooperates and reviews plans of individuals, corporations- municipal or private-in the improvement of navigable waters at their own expense and risk; issues rules and regulations govern- ing the opening and operation of drawbridges, the transportation and dumping of dredgings or other material into navigable waters; promulgates rules and regulations governing the use, administra- tion, and navigation of navigable waters, including harbors there- of; compiles statistics of waterborne commerce. The division of responsibility regarding the project is outlined in memorandum of agreement dated July 11, 1946, between the Tennessee Valley Authority and the Corps of Engineers. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, requires no local cooperation in the construction of the alternate system of low dams. It does, however, provide that in case high dams are built before the United States shall have built the pro- jected locks and low dams which are to be replaced, the United States shall contribute to the cost of the substituted structures an amount equal to the estimated cost of the works of navigation for which substitution is made. Terminal facilities. Public use river terminals with railroad connections, owned by the Tennessee Valley Authority, have been constructed at Decatur and Guntersville, Ala., and Chattanooga and Knoxville, Tenn. River terminals with railroad connections, municipally owned, have been constructed at Sheffield, Ala., and Chattanooga, Tenn. The other public terminals are mostly unim- proved landings. Government-owned facilities for the transfer of coal are located at Huntsville Arsenal, Ala., and at the following Tennessee Valley Authority steam-electric powerplants along the river: Colbert, Wilson, and Widows Creek in Alabama; and Hales Bar, Watts Bar, and Johnsonville in Tennessee. Near Johnson- ville, Tenn., there is a privately owned railroad siding. Railroad inclines and sidings are available at Sheffield, Decatur, Hobbs Island, Guntersville, and IBridgeport, Ala., and Chattanooga, Tenn. Privately owned terminals have been constructed for the transfer of certain commodities as follows: Molasses at Knoxville, Tenn.; automobiles and miscellaneous merchandise at Guntersville, Ala.; coal at Calvert City and Grand Rivers, Ky., and Chattanooga, RIVERS AND HARBORS--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 893 Tenn.; grain at Decatur and Guntersville, Ala., and Chattanooga, Tenn.; petroleum products at Sheffield, Decatur, and Guntersville, Ala., Reidland, Ky., and Perryville, Chattanooga, and Knoxville, Tenn. In addition to the foregoing there are many unimproved private landings along the river. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. No new work was accomplished. Maintenance by Government plant and hired labor consisted of navigation inspection; condition surveys; painting clearance gages and warning stripes; dredging 13,350 cubic yards of material at Diamond Island Bar (mile 197) ; and removing 3,128 cubic yards of material and 1,500 snags from harbors and channels. The cost of maintenance was $43,038. Operation and care of locks and dams: All locks were operated and lock appurtenances and standby plant were maintained as re- quired. Maintenance and improvement and reconstruction work was held to a minimum in compliance with current policy concern- ing use of critical materials and equipment. Work previously in- itiated in connection with refinishing the interior of the operations building at Guntersville lock and construction of control shelters at Kentucky and Pickwick locks was completed during the year. Ken- tucky lock was unwatered, the emptying and filling valves recon- ditioned, and repairs made to air and water lines. Quoins and miter seals were reconditioned at Pickwick lock, the lower gates painted, and repairs made to oil pumps. Additional items consisted of re- pairs to joint seals in the Guntersville lock tunnel; overhaul of operating machinery at Chickamauga lock; repairs to roof of op- erations building and overhaul of machinery at Watts Bar lock; resetting the stone entrance to the operations building at Fort Loudoun lock; and the review, correction, and reproduction of the Guntersville lock "as constructed" drawings. The cost of operation and care was $592,971. The total cost of operation and mainte- nance, general, during the fiscal year was $636,009. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- plete. Construction under the project was commenced in January 1933, when work was initiated on Wheeler lock. With the opening of Kentucky lock for permanent operation in September 1944, all projected locks and dams had been completed, affording a navigable depth of 9 feet between the mouth and Knoxville, Tenn. (head of river), except in the lock 1 canal and a short stretch in the upper reaches of Hales Bar pool. Dredging in the canal and the raising of dam 1 and Hales Bar Dam remaining under the Tennessee Valley Authority program to provide full project dimensions were com- pleted by that agency in 1948. The table under the paragraph "existing project" gives the year opened to navigation and other information concerning the 10 locks now in operation. The completed locks were operated and maintained under the permanent indefinite appropriation to the end of fiscal year 1935, as follows: Hales Bar, since November 1, 1913; lock (and dam) 1, since March 1, 1926; Wilson, since June 1, 1927; and Wheeler, since November 27, 1934. Subsequent to June 30, 1935, operation and maintenance of lock and dam 1, Hales Bar, Wilson, and Wheeler locks have been carried 894 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 on with funds appropriated for the preservation and maintenance of river and harbors, as well as the following: Pickwick Landing lock, since September 1, 1937; Guntersville lock, since September 1, 1937; Chickamauga lock, since October 15, 1937; Watts Bar lock, since March 3, 1941; Kentucky lock, since February 10, 1942; and Fort Loudoun lock, since October 10, 1943. The total costs for the existing project were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Operation Total and care .... Regular .--------------..... -------- - $2, 244, 236 $2, 774, 677 1 $7, 417, 300 1$12, 436, 213 Maintenance and operation - - 11, 665 11, 665 Increase of compensation, rivers and har- bors 1919 (certified claims) - .-.. -- ---- -----...-. 5 2, 774, 682 17, 428, 965 Total - -- 2, 244, 236 2, 774, 682 17, 428, 965 12, 447. 883 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $963 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $2,889,149 was expended between 1890 and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of im- provement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite ap- propriation. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated ------- ----------- - -- .- . ..--- - - $16,251,428 Cost- - - - -.. -. . Cost- Maintenance: --.---.. .. .. .. ..... .. . . ------- ...----------------------.... ----------- 16,251,428 Appropriated.. -------- $671,750 $603,741 $573, 000 $636,053 $677, 200 14,265,466 Cost---------------- 744,387 624,630 599,614 719,608 636,009 2 14,208,822 1 Includes $14,007,193 fornew work and $4,005,175 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $963 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 3. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30,1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Caney Fork River, Tenn - - -- 1895 $27, 828 --........................ 2. Clinch River, Tenn. 2- and Va.' --- - -- --- - - - - - -- - 1923 53, 949 $7, 873 $677, 000 3. Duck River, Tenn. . ............ 2 - - - ... 1887 13, 000 4. Elk River, Ala. and Tenn. ._ .__ _ . . 1904 4, 000 -- _-__ (s) 5. French Broad and Little Pigeon Rivers, 1931 249, 605 33, 554 533,000 Tenn.4 5 2- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6. Hiwassee River, Tenn.2 - .... -- -- - - ... 1923 113, 311 9, 754 83, 000 7. Holston River, Tenn. __..........__ .. 1911 5, 714 . 8. Little Tennessee River, Tenn------.. 1888 5, 510 9. Obey River, Tenn...------------------------ 1887 11, 500 ------------ (3) 10. Red River, Tenn.............------------------------- 1884 5, 000 . 11. South Fork of Cumberland River, Ky -.....1892 11, 967 . . . . . IRecommended for abandonment in H. 2 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 532, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Completed. Commercial statistics for this project are given in pt. 2 of report. 5 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 428 and 489, 64th Cong., 1st sess. FLOOD CONTROL--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 895 4. MIDDLESBORO, CUMBERLAND RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. This project is located at Middlesboro, Ky., on Yel- low Creek, a tributary entering the Cumberland River about 660 miles above its mouth. Existing project. The improvement provides for a system of canals and levees around one side of the town, arranged so as to divert most of the headwaters of Yellow Creek away from the pres- ent channel through the heart of the city. The series of canals and levees are about 4 miles in length, beginning on Bennetts Fork at the western edge of the town and ending at Yellow Creek near the Keystone Tanning & Glue Co. at the northern edge of the town. The cuts involved excavation of approximately 695,000 cubic yards of material, of which about 410,000 cubic yards were utilized in the levee system. Besides construction of the diversion channel, there was other incidental work, which included the installation of cul- verts and the relocation and rebuilding of roadways and bridges. The project diverts from the business district and from a large part of the residential section the floodwaters which originate in that part of the basin lying north and west of the city, thus affording protection; in a large measure, to life and property from these headwater floods which cause the greatest damage. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. The cost of the completed project is $817,830. The current (1954) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance is $5,800. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Levees, canals, and appurtenances were main- tained by hired labor at a cost of $9,579. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work under the existing project was completed in March 1945, when final settlement was made with the city of Middlesboro in connection with the acquisi- tion and transfer to the United States of rights-of-way and flowage easements. Construction of the canal and levee system, initiated in May 1938, was completed and the improvement placed in opera- tion in December 1939. Relocation work was completed in Septem- ber 1940. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $874,952, of which $817,- 830, including $38,876 from Emergency Relief funds, was for new work and $57,122 for maintenance. In addition surplus property valued at $4 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . .. .... .. ..... .. . . . .. 30, 1984, in clu d- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--- ---- - ------------ ----------- - ------ $817,830 Cost -- ------------ 817,830 Maintenance: Appropriated --.. . - $4, 000 $2,000 . $3, 000 $8, 500 $11,800 60,000 Cost--...------- 1,948 4, 774 4,259 7,834 9,579 1 57,122 I.In addition, surplus property valued at $4 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Sig 29-895-926 896 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 5. PINEVILLE, CUMBERLAND RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. This project is located at Pineville, Ky., on the Cum- berland River about 655 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement comprises the con- struction of a system of earth levees and concrete floodwalls, with appurtenant facilities, to afford protection for the city and its resi- dential suburb, Wallsend, against a flood equal in magnitude to the maximum of record (1946). The freeboard allowance is 5 feet for the upstream section of the proposed works above Pine Street Bridge, and 3 feet downstream. Protection for Pineville proper is to be provided by about 5,950 feet of concrete walls and two rela- tively short levee sections, 400 feet in total length, beginning at a connection with United States Highway No. 25E near the upstream limit of the city and following in general the top of the left bank of the Cumberland River to terminate in the approach to the Ten- nessee Avenue (Pineville-Wallsend) bridge. Raising of the bridge and the provision of ramps or gated structures at necessary high- way and street crossings will maintain access to the protected area. Two pumping stations, with appurtenant outlet works and inter- cepting sewers, will provide for the disposal of interior drainage. Including extension of a roadway ramp to high ground south of the intersection of United States Highway No. 25E with the Ten- nessee Avenue bridge approach, the overall reach of the structures in the Pineville section of the project approximates 6,800 feet. On the right bank of the river provision is made for about 3,500 feet of earth levee to partially encompass Wallsend, beginning and ter- minating within a distance of 1,500 feet in the embankment of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad which runs along the northern edge of the community. Incidental construction in this section in- cludes necessary ramp crossings, sewer modifications, and one pumping station. The project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 22, 1936. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1954) is $1,720,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $450,000. Local cooperation. Subsequent to passage of the authorizing act, local interests expressed inability to fulfill the requirements. Following the flood of January 1946, however, interest in the project was renewed, and informal assurances were furnished at a public hearing on April 27, 1946, and at a further meeting on December 22, 1947, relative to flood control in the upper Cumber- land River Basin, that the conditions of local cooperation would be fully complied with. Formal and final assurances were ac- cepted by the Corps of Engineers on May 15, 1953. 'Bonds in the amount of $200,000 of an issue voted for financing the city's share of the project costs were sold on January 5, 1953, and the acquisition of necessary lands and rights-of-way initiated. Prop- erties affected by project features under construction have been acquired. Regular contact is maintained with city officials relative to local responsibilities, and they have demonstrated the ability to meet the requirements for construction as scheduled. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work under con- tract for the first unit of construction was completed during the FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 897 year. Unit 1 embraces about 2,940 feet of the floodwalls and re- lated drainage facilities designed for protection of Pineville proper, beginning within 360 feet of the upstream limit of the proposed works and extending along Cumberland Avenue to a point about 750 feet below the Pine Street Bridge. Construction of Unit 2, comprising remaining floodwalls and drainage facilities (exclusive of pumping plants) in the Pineville section, was initiated under a contract covering drainage features only. Engineering and design by hired labor were continued. Definite design studies for pumping plants in both sections of the project and plans and specifications for unit 2-floodwalls (Pineville sec- tion) were essentially completed. Planning for unit 3---embank- ments (Pineville section) and the Wallsend section levee and drain- age facilities was initiated. The costs during the year for new work were $390,218. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was commenced in July 1953. With completion of unit 1 and par- tial accomplishment of the interior drainage work included in unit 2, the project as a whole at the end of the fiscal year was 26 percent complete. Engineering and design were 85 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $452,960 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -........ .. $25,000 $249, 000 $400, 000 $674, 000 Cost -------------------------------------- ----- 62, 529 390, 431 452, 960 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_----------- $152,963 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- 230,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- - -- -- 382,963 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 816,000 6. BARBOURVILLE, KY. Location. The project is located at Barbourville in Knox County, Ky., on the right bank of the Cumberland River at mile 635.2. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of local flood protection works at Barbourville, Ky., which consist principally of a system of levees having an average height of 15 feet, beginning at a point where branches of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad enter the main line northeast of town and following in general the top of bank of Richland Creek and the Cumberland River a distance of about 18,400 feet to ter- minate into the Louisville & Nashville Railroad embankment south- east of the town. Provision for a low area immediately across the railroad consists of regrading an adjoining high knoll and con- struction of a concrete and steel pile I-type wall, about 330 feet in length, having a gated opening to pass U. S. Highway 25E and 898 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY; 1954 extending to high ground beyond. Other incidental construction includes 9 gravity outlet structures and 4 combined gravity outlets and pump stations, with intercepting ditches or pipe lines, for dis- posal of interior drainage; and 6 ramps at road and street cross- ings. The proposed works will afford protection for the town against the greatest flood of record (1946) with a freeboard of 3 feet. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost of new work (1954) is $1,650,000 for construction (Federal) and $265,000 for lands and damages (non-Federal). Local cooperation. The plan of improvement and the require- ments of cooperation were first discussed at a meeting with local interests on May 18, 1948. The project was approved by the city council on May 21, 1948, and bonds were subsequently voted for financing the city's share of the project costs. Formal assurances of cooperation were attested by an instrument executed by the city of Barbourville on August 13, 1953, and accepted by the Corps of Engineers on September 9, 1953. Preliminary work in connection with title evidence, appraisals, and optioning prereq- uisite to acquisition of necessary lands and rights-of-way has been initiated. Operations and results during fiscal year. Definite design studies on all features of the project except pumping plants were completed. The preparation of plans and specifications was initi- ated and brought to a stage which will permit contracting for the first unit of construction as scheduled early in the fiscal year 1955. Unit I embraces 6,885 feet of levee and related drainage facilities, including pumping plant outlets, beginning at a point about 50 feet downstream from the Walker Park (Kentucky Highway No. 459) Bridge across Richland Creek, then following the creek and main stream to the tie-in with the railroad embankment southeast of town. The costs during the year for new work were $42,178. Condition at end of fiscal year. Engineering and design were 40 percent complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $55,530 for new work. Cost an d financial summar!l Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June: 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated $25,000 $40,000 1$65, 000 Cost-----..------------ -- --------- ----------- 13,352 42,178 55,530 1 Includes $10,000 transferred from Carthage, Cumberland River, Tenn., project during fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-------_ - $9,470 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ - 350,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June ---------- 30, 1955__ ----------------- ------------------ 359,470 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_- - - 1,235,000 FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 899 7. WOLF CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The site of the Wolf Creek Dam is on the Cumber- land River, 460.9 miles above its mouth. It is in Russell County, Ky., and is about 10 miles southwest of Jamestown, Ky., and 12 miles north of Albany, Ky. Wolf Creek Reservoir extends 101 miles up the mainstream, 48 miles up the South Fork of Cumber- land River, and lies within Russell, Clinton, Wayne, Pulaski, McCreary, Laurel, and Whitley Counties, Ky. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for the construction of a combination earth and concrete gravity-type dam, 5,736 feet long and 258 feet in height above its lowest foun- dation; and a hydroelectric power generating plant. The dam con- sists of a rolled earth embankment section extending 3,940 feet from the right abutment across the flood plain portion of the val- ley, and a concrete structure, 1,796 feet in length, comprised of spillway, power intake, and adjacent nonoverflow sections, con- necting the embankment with the left abutment. The spillway contains 6 gate-controlled conduits and is surmounted with 10 tainter crest gates to provide for regulating and discharging flood flows. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete structure of the conventional indoor type, is located directly at the downstream base of the power intake sectibn of the dam through which six penstocks were constructed. The power installation consists of six 45,000 kilowatt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the control of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the comprehensive plan of devel- opment for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum con- trolled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 63,530 acres and provides a storage capacity of 6,089,000 acre-feet, of which 2,094,000 is allocated for flood control and 2,- 142,000 for power drawdown, leaving a minimum pool of 1,853,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and conservation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 5,810 square miles or approximately one-third of the Cumberland River Basin. The project was selected for construction under the general authoriza- tion for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and the additional authorization contained in the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. The current (1954) estimated cost of the project, including the six-unit power installation, is $79,278,000. The estimate of annual cost for oper- ation and maintenance of the project (1954) is $440,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: A con- tract covering installation of terminal facilities for an additional transmission line was initiated and completed during the year, the required plans and specifications having been prepared by hired labor. Real estate activities included legal action in connection with pending condemnation cases; investigation of lands affected by flows from maximum power production, which may necessitate acquisition of additional easements; negotiations regarding dam- ages to county roads below the dam; and action to acquire flowage 900 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 easements over 5,341 acres of land from another Government agency. Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the structures and appurtenances maintained as required. Operation of the power plant was continuous except for normal interruptions and necessary shutdowns for inspection and maintenance pur- poses. Under existing regulations, the total net energy generated (445,626,000 kilowatt-hours) was made available through the De- partment of the Interior to the Tennessee Valley Authority for distribution. Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to re- leases for the generation of power, with a maximum release for this purpose of 21,200 cubic feet per second. The average pool ele- vation was 699.8 feet, which is 23.2 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 1,892,000 acre-feet on January 14, 1954, corresponding to a pool elevation of 674.1 feet, to a maximum of 3,626,000 acre-feet on May 3, 1954, corresponding to elevation 715.5. During the occurrence of a flood in the latter part of January, the combined effect of this project and the Dale Hollow and Center Reservoirs resulted in computed crest reductions on the Cumberland River of 18.3, 25.6, 9.1, and 8.7 feet at Celina, Carthage, Nashville, and Clarksville, Tenn., respec- tively. During the drought experienced in the latter part of 1953, releases from the project, together with those from Dale Hollow and Center Hill Reservoirs, provided sufficient flow in the Cumber- land River to meet the minimum requirements for water supply, pollution abatement, and navigation. In this connection, the mini- mum monthly average flow at Nashville, which would have been a record low of 300 cubic feet per second under natural conditions, was increased to 2,500 cubic feet per second. Activities under the reservoir management program, comprising shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land manage- ment and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities, were continued. The costs were $563,524, of which $258,345 was for new work and $305,179 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was 99 percent complete. Construction of right and left bank access roads and the provision of a temporary construction camp at the project site for Government inspection personnel were completed during early stages of the project. Work under the original contract for construction of the dam and appurtenant works was begun in August 1941, but was terminated in 1943 in interest of the war effort, when only about 8 percent complete. Under a new con- tinuing contract awarded for completion of the dam, work was com- menced in September 1946 and completed in August 1951. Closure of the dam was effected in December 1950, at which time the proj- ect was placed in operation for flood control. The powerplant was constructed during the period November 1949-March 1953, with the six power units being placed in operation on the following dates: October 6, 1951; October 31, 1951; December 16, 1951; March 17, 1952; July 24, 1952; and August 22. 1952. Reservoir operations including mapping (731 square miles), FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 901 clearing (48,775 acres), removal and salvage of improvements (91,475 acres), and necessary relocations have been completed. Acquisition has been completed on 92,833 acres in fee simple and 584 acres in easement. Disposal action has been completed on 64 acres in fee to the Cincinnati Southern Railway, and on 114 acres in easement to the Commonwealth of Kentucky. Total costs to June 30, 1954, were $79,378,238, of which $78,- 500,212 was for new work and $878,026 for operation and mainte- nance. In addition, surplus property valued at $34,432 was trans- ferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .... _ $15,030, 700 $22,000,000 $2,000,000 -$2;040,000 $78,837,824 Cost .. 3...... 17,184,702 14,203,729 7,445,666 1,386,018 $258,345 178, 500,212 Maintenance: Appropriated- _ - 117,000 254,000 231,400 311,900 914,300 Cost ... 71,034 213,044 288,769 305,179 878,026 I In addition, surplus property valued at $34,432 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 __ _ $326,334 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ - -- neede toaprpite -oplto 326,334 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ - - 440,200 8. DALE HOLLOW RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, TENN. AND KY. Location. Dale Hollow Dam is located on the Obey River 7.3 miles above its confluence with the Cumberland River (mile 380.9) at Celina, Tenn. It is in Clay County, Tenn.,;and is about 80 miles northeast of Nashville, Tenn., 28 miles north of Cookeville, Tenn., 13 miles west of Byrdstown, Tenn., and 3 miles east of Celina, Tenn. Dale Hollow Reservoir extends about 51 miles up the main stream, 10 miles up the East Fork, and 6 miles up the West Fork of Obey River, and lies within Cumberland and Clinton Counties, Ky., and Clay, Pickett, Overton, and Fentress Counties, Tenn. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for con- struction of a concrete gravity-type dam, 1,717 feet long and 200 feet in height above its lowest foundation; and a hydroelectric power generating plant. The dam consists of spillway and power intake sections across the flood plain portion of the valley width, flanked by nonoverflow transition sections terminating in the abut- ments. Four gate-controlled conduits through the base of the spillway section and six tainter crest gates provide for regulating and discharging flood flows. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete structure of the conventional indoor type, is located directly at the downstream base of the power intake section of the dam through which three penstocks were constructed. The power installation consists of three 18,000-kilowatt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the control of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River 902 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the compre- hensive plan of development for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum controlled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 30,990 acres and provides a storage capacity of 1,706,000 acre-feet of which 353,000 is allocated for flood control and 496,000 for power drawdown, leaving a minimum pool of 857,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and conservation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 935 square miles or 99 percent of the Obey River Basin. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, and the additional authorization contained in the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. The estimated cost (1954) of the project, including the three-unit power installation, is $25,961,000. The current (1954) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project is $300,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work (con- tract): Operations incident to installation of the third and final power unit were completed, including work under all supply con- tracts for equipment furnished by the Government. New work (hired labor): Hired labor operations involved com- pletion of final real estate audit and accomplishment of remaining work in connection with installation of reservoir regulation and hydrologic network. Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the structure and its appurtenances maintained as required. Opera- tion of the powerplant (two units) was continuous during the year except for normal interruptions and necessary shutdowns for in- spection and maintenance purposes. The third generator unit was placed on the line in November 1953. Under existing regulations, the total net energy generated (70,473,000 kilowatt-hours) was made available through the Department of the Interior to the Ten- nessee Valley Authority for distribution. Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to re- leases for the generation of power, with a maximum release for this purpose of 5,700 cubic feet per second. The average pool ele- vation was 639.8 feet, which is 11.2 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 859,000 acre- feet on January 9, 1954, corresponding to a pool elevation of 631.1 feet, to a maximum of 1,233,000 acre-feet on May 3, 1954, cor- responding to elevation 646.5. During the occurrence of a flood in the latter part of January, the combined effect of this project and the Wolf Creek and Center Hill Reservoirs resulted in com- puted crest reductions on the Cumberland River of 18.3, 25.6, 9.1, and 8.7 feet at Celina, Carthage, Nashville, and Clarksville, Tenn., respectively. During the drought experienced in the latter part of 1953, releases from the project, together with those from Wolf Creek and Center Hill Reservoirs, provided sufficient flow in the Cumberland River to meet the minimum requirements for water supply, pollution abatement, and navigation. In this connection, the minimum monthly average flow at Nashville, which would have FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 903 been a record low of 300 cubic feet per second under natural con- ditions, was increased to 2,500 cubic feet per second. Activities under the reservoir management program, comprising shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land manage- ment and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The costs were $636,287, of which $408,870 was for new work and $227,417 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project as a whole, includ- ing the third and final power unit, was 99 percent complete. Work under the contract for construction of the dam and its appur- tenances was initiated in March 1942, and final closure of the dam was effected in October 1943, at which time the project was placed in operation for flood control. The powerplant, with two 18,000 kilowatt generating units (initial development) in commercial operation, was completed in April 1949. Generating units Nos. 1 and 2 were placed on the line December 18, 1948, and January 26, 1949, respectively. Installation of the third and final generating unit (initiated in March 1952) was completed during the year, with the unit having been placed in commercial operation on November 17, 1953. Work under all supply contracts for component parts and necessary accessory equipment for the third unit has been completed. All lands required for project purposes, totaling 52,496 acres, have been acquired; comprising 52,405 acres in fee simple, 89 acres of flowage easements, and 2 acres of road easements. Reservoir operations including mapping (258 square miles), clearing (17,168 acres), removal and salvage of improvements, relocations, and development of management and public use facilities have been completed. Construction of relocated Tennessee Highway No. 42 Bridge, removal of 6 highway bridges, relocation of 2,293 graves, and clearing of 10,179 acres of the reservoir area were accom- plished by contract. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $27,326,038, of which $25,869,488 was for new work and $1,456,550 for operation and maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $28,029 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Totaf to June 30, 1954, includ- Ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 : prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-- >Cost-__--- Maintenance: ----- _------ $570, 000 ---------- 238, 373 $253,597 $500, 000 516, 730 $1,292,100 1, 108, 431 $40,000 408, 870 $251961,100 125; S, 488 Appropriated ----- 221,800 255,400 241,000 230, 700 224,100 1,485,100 Cost ..- - - - - - - -- - 220,821 213, 070 233,233 250, 645 227, 417 2 1,-456, 550 1In addition, surplus property valued at $27,908 was transferred to the project without reimbursevnent. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $121 was transferred to the project without reimbursemett. Other new work-data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954:- - $91,517 Unobligated balanices available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - -- 91,517 904 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 9. CENTER HILL RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, TENN. Location. The site of the Center Hill Dam is on the Caney Fork River, 26.6 miles above its confluence with the Cumberland River (mile 309.2) at Carthage, Tenn. It is in DeKalb County, Tenn., and is about 55 miles east of Nashville, Tenn., 30 miles north of McMinnville, Tenn., 20 miles west of Cookeville, Tenn., and 14 miles southeast of Carthage, Tenn. Center Hill Reservoir extends about 64 miles up the main stream and about 10 miles up Falling Water River and lies within DeKalb, Putnam, White, and Warren Coun- ties, Tenn. Existing project. The plan of improvement provided for con- struction of a combination earth and concrete gravity-type dam, 2,160 feet long and 250 feet in height above its lowest foundation; and a hydroelectric power generating plant. The dam consists of a rolled earth embankment section extending 778 feet from the left abutment across the flood plain portion of the valley, and a con- crete structure, 1,382 feet in length, comprised of spillway, power intake, and adjacent nonoverflow sections, connecting the embank- ment with the right abutment. The spillway contains six gate- controlled conduits and is surmounted with eight tainter crest gates to provide for regulating and discharging flood flows. In addition to the main dam structure, the project provided for con- struction of a rolled earth dike, 770 feet in length, to close a saddle in the reservoir rim on the right bank near the dam site. The powerhouse, a reinforced concrete structure of the conventional indoor type, is located directly at the downstream base of the power intake section of the dam through which three penstocks were constructed. The power installation consists of three 45,000 kilo- watt generating units. The project is one unit of a coordinated plan for the control of floods and the development of the water resources of the Cumberland River Basin, this plan in turn forming an integral part of the comprehensive plan of the development for the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. At maximum controlled pool level, top of spillway crest gates, the reservoir covers an area of 23,060 acres and provides a storage capacity of 2,092,000 acre-feet, of which 762,000 is allocated for flood control and 492,000 for power drawdown, leaving a minimum pool of 838,000 acre-feet available at all times for public use and conservation purposes. The drainage area controlled is 2,195 square miles, or approximately four-fifths of the Caney Fork River Basin. The project was selected for con- struction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938 and the additional authorization contained in the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. The (1954) estimated cost of the project, including the three-unit power installation, is $44,240,000. The (1954) estimate of annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project is $345,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work (con- tract): Under an agreement entered into with the State of Ten- nessee for a connecting access road from U. S. Highway No. 70N FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 905 to the roadway across the dam, the State prepared necessary plans and specifications and essentially completed construction. New work (hired labor) : Construction consisted of replacing an unsatisfactory item of powerplant control equipment. Real estate activities were continued with legal action being taken in connec- tion with pending condemnation cases. Operation and maintenance: The dam was operated and the structure and its appurtenances maintained as required. Opera- tion of the powerplant was continuous except for normal interrup- tions and a few periods of short duration for inspection and main- tenance purposes. Under existing regulations, the total net energy generated (306,231,000 kilowatt-hours) was made available through the Department of the Interior to the Tennessee Valley Authority for distribution. Activities under the reservoir management program, comprising shoreline sanitation, malaria control, conservation, land manage- ment and disposal, and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. Regulation of the reservoir during the year was limited to re- leases for the generation of power, except during the period Janu- ary 25-31, 1954, when flood control releases were made to empty the flood control portion of the reservoir. The maximum release occurred on January 25, 1954, and totaled 29,100 cubic feet per second. A minimum flow of zero obtained when the powerplant was not in operation. The average'pool elevation was 637.3 feet, which is 10.7 feet below the spillway crest level. Reservoir storage varied from a minimum of 839,000 acre-feet on January 13, 1954, corresponding to a pool elevation of 618.1 feet, to a maximum of 1,446,000 acre-feet on January 25, 1954, corresponding to elevation 654.3. During the occurrence of a flood in the latter part of Janu- ary, the combined effect of this project and the Wolf Creek and Dale Hollow Reservoirs resulted in computed crest reductions on the Cumberland River of 18.3, 25.6, 9.1, and 8.7 feet at Celina, Carthage, Nashville, and Clarksville, Tenn., respectively. During the drought experienced in the latter part of 1953, releases from the project, together with those from Wolf Creek and Dale Hollow Reservoirs, provided sufficient flow in the Cumberland River to meet the minimum requirements for water supply, pollution abate- ment, and navigation. In this connection, the minimum monthly average flow at Nashville, which would have been a record low of 300 cubic feet per second under natural conditions, was increased to 2,500 cubic feet per second. The costs were $445,982, of which $217,614 was for new work and $228,368 for operation and maintenance. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The project as a whole was 99 percent complete. Work under the contract for construction of the dam, appurtenant works, and access roads was begun in March 1942, but was suspended in March 1943 in interest of the war effort, when about 40 percent complete. Operations were resumed in January 1946. Closure of the dam was effected in November 1948, at which time the project was placed in operation for flood control. Work under the prime contract as modified to include construction of the powerplant was completed in November 1951. Generator 906 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 units Nos. 1, 2, and 3 were put in service commercially on Dec~in- ber 11, 1950, January 17, and April 11, 1951, respectively. Work under agreement with and contracted for by the State of Tennessee for a connecting access road from U. S. Highway No. 70N to the roadway across the dam was approximately 90 percent complete. Reservoir operations, including mapping (178 square miles), clearing (15,850 acres), removal and salvage of improvements, cemetery removals, and relocation of Tennessee State Highway Nos. 26 (Sligo) and 56 bridges, have been completed. All neces- sary reservoir lands have been acquired; 37,744 acres having been obtained in fee simple, 87 acres in road and flowage easements, and 829 acres by transfer from another Government agency. In addi- tion, a total of 427 acres of land situated below the dam has been approved for acquisition in easement because of damages incurred from project operation. Of this amount, 334 acres have been ac- quired. Disposal action on transfer of 79 acres in road easements to the State of Tennessee has been completed. Total costs to June 30, 1954, were $44,913,981, of which $43,- 951,740 was for new work and $962,241 for operation and main- tenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $51,285 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost andfinancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to1950 New work: Appropriated .... $6, 300,000 $6, 260,000 _ $239, 000 - - $44,237,700 Cost 9--------------- 9,390, 556 3, 848, 683 $472,242 113, 679 $217,454 1 43, 951, 740 Maintenance: Appropriated - -_ .- 65, 400 244,300 210,000 234, 100 2070300 981, 100 Cost------. - 66,602 174,178 224,441 249,857 228,368 962,241 i In addition, surplus property valued at $51,285 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_----------- $183,808 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955____________ __------------------------------ 183,808 10. OHIO RIVER BASIN, NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT: Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, flood walls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Nashville, Tenn., dis- trict. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plans for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st ses- sion, with such modification thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advisable, and for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, author- ized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for the local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved FLOOD CONTROL-NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 907 by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the author- ization shall include the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the protection of the area north of Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. In addition to previous authorizations, the Flood Control Acts approved August 18, 1941, December 22, 1944, July 24, 1946, and May 17, 1950, authorized sums of $45,000,000, $70,000,000, $125,- 000,000, and $100,000,000, respectively, for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by the sub- sequent acts of Congress. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Nashville, Tenn., district: Local protection projects Estimated costs Location Type of protection Federal Non-Fed- Total eral Middlesboro (Yellow Creek), Ky.' __----------Levees ------------ $581, 000 $161, 000 $742, 000 Reservoirs Tributary basin and reservoir Stream Total esti- mated cost CUMBERLAND Center Hill, Tenn.2_ 2 - - - - - - - .---------------------- -- -- -- - Caney Fork River.......--------------- _ $44, 240, 000 Dale Hollow, Tenn. and Ky. Obey River--------------------------- 25, 961, 000 Rossview Tenn. and Ky-----------------..... Red River -------------------------- ___- 12, 5690,000 Stewarts Ferry, Tenn. ................--- Stones River ...------------------------ 23, 400, 000 Three Islands, Tenn 2 .............. Harpeth River .....-------------------- ..------------------------ 19, 900, 000 Wolf Creek, Ky. ............................ Cumberland River ....--------------------- 79, 278, 000 I For last full report, see annual report for 1949. 2 Details of this project are given in individual report. 3 For last full report, see annual Report for 1953. Operations and results during fiscal year. No costs were in- curred. Condition at end of fiscal year. The status of Wolf Creek, Dale Hollow, and Center Hill Reservoirs, selected for construction under this authorization, is given in individual reports. With the completion of definite project plans in fiscal year 1949, further work on the Middlesboro (Yellow Creek), Ky., local pro- tection project was deferred pending action with respect to local cooperation. The city of Middlesboro passed an order at a regular council meeting on January 14, 1946, pledging fulfillment of the required conditions, but has taken no additional steps toward fur- therance of the project. Engineering and design for Stewarts Ferry Reservoir were dis- continued in fiscal year 1953, when about 40 percent complete, pending restudy of the plan of improvement in the light of changed conditions. 908 REPORT OF CHIEF OF. ENGINEERS, U S. ARMY, 1954 Advance planning for Three Islands and Rossview Reservoirs, the remaining projects considered in the comprehensive plan with- in the Nashville District, also has been suspended in lieu of more urgent work. Detailed plans previously developed for both proj- ects are subject to certain supplementary studies and investiga- tions, and consequent revisions, to reflect current conditions and engineering practices. Mapping of the reservoir area (213 square miles), reservoir area-capacity determinations, and additional foundation investigation work for further site analysis studies in- cident to revision of the Three Islands project plans have been completed. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were at $518,212. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriate d - -..... $80, 000 $274, 000 -$209,300 -$148,840 - $518,212 Cost_. - 54,976 12,772 ,539 659 - 518,212 11. INACTIVE FLOOD 'CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance Chattanooga, T enn., 2 - and Rossville, G a.' - - - 1949 $180, 997 - __f--- Cumberland, K y. .. _......... ... . 1952 .. .. _ .... .. .___ $89, 000 Snagging and c learing under authority of see- 1953 24, 748 _ (3) tion 2 of the F lood Control Act, Aug. 28, 1937, as amended a Local interests having failed to meet the requirements of cooperation, authority for the project expired December 31, 1953. 2 Lower priority project. S No further work currently scheduled. 12. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs and expenditures during the year were $4,886. The balance unexpended ($868) and ac- counts receivable ($3) on June 30, 1954, plus allotments for the fiscal year 1955 of $3,000 for examinations and surveys and an anticipated allotment of $3,000 for collection and study of basic data, a total of $6,871, will be applied to the preparation of one flood control study and the collection and study of basic data. The additional sum of $46,100 can be profitably expended for scheduled work under this heading during the fiscal year 1956 for work to be accomplished under this heading. Collection and study of basic data. The collection and study of basic data during fiscal year 1954 consisted of the following: col- lection of rain and stream flow data and revision of Flood Emer- gency Manual. FLOOD CONTROL--NASHVILLE, TENN., DISTRICT 909 13. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood control emergencies---Repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) In addition to previous allotments, totaling $26,466 for emer- gency flood-control work pursuant to this authority within the Nashville district, funds in the amount of $2,418 were allotted dur- ing the fiscal year ending June 30, 1954, for reimbursement of ex- penses incurred by the district in connection with protection of Corps of Engineers property at Cheatham lock and dam and liaison with local agencies and municipalities during the flood experienced in the Cumberland River basin in January 1954. Total costs to June 30, 1954, were $28,884. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... $5,1 $11,433 $2,418 $28,884 Cost--...--------------- 5,2 11,433 2,418 28,884 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of southwestern Ohio, west cen- tral Kentucky, a small portion of north central Tennessee, all of Indiana except the northern part and southeastern Illinois except the Cairo-Mounds-Mound City area, all included in the drainage basin of the Ohio River and its tributaries (exclusive of the Ten- nessee and Cumberland Rivers) from mile 409.3 (below Pitts- burgh) immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, to the mouth. IM [PROV]EMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Locks and dams 34 to 39, 41, 15. Cannelton, Ohio River Basin% and 43 to 53, Ohio River........ 911 Ind ......... ................. ... 932 2. Ohio River open channel work 911 16. Rough River Reservoir and 911 3. Kentucky River, Ky.................. channel improvement, Ky.... 933 4. Green, Barren, and Nolin 17. Vincennes, Ohio River Basin, Rivers and Bear Creek, Ky.... 914 Ind-............................... ... 935 5. Inactive navigation projects..... 919 18. Brevoort Levee, Wabash River Basin, Ind.................. ..... 936 Flood Control 19. Cagles Mill Reservoir, Ohio 919 River Basin, Ind...................... 937 6. Newport, Ohio River Basin, Ky 7. Covington, Ohio River Basin, 20. New Harmony Bridge, Ohio Ky............................................ 920 River Basin, Ill. and Ind._.. 938 8. Cincinnati, Ohio River Basin, 21. Rosiclare, Ill-----------...................-.. 939 . ........................ 922 22. Paducah, Ohio River Basin, Ky Ohio .... 940 9. West Fork of Mill Creek Reser- 23. Reevesville, Ohio River Basin, voir, Ohio River Basin, Ohio.. 924 Ill......... ............... .................... 941 10. Jackson, Ohio River Basin, Ky 925 24. Ohio River Basin, Louisville, 11. Jeffersonville-Clarksville, Ohio Ky., District................. .943 River Basin, Ind ................ 926 25. Inactive flood control projects . 947 12. Louisville, Ohio River.Basin, 947 Ky.............................. 26. General investigations .......... ._ 927 13. New Albany, Ohio River Basin, 27. Inspection of completed proj- Ind ........ ..... ..... ..... ..... ... 930 ..... ects....................................----------------- 948 14. Hawesville, Ohio River Basin, 28. Flood control work under spe- Ky ......................... ......... .... 931 cial authorization . .............. 948 1. LOCKS AND DAMS 34 TO 39, 41 AND 43 TO 53, OHIO RIVER For report on this improvement, see page 869. 2. OHIO RIVER, OPEN CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 875. 3. KENTUCKY RIVER, KY. Location. The Kentucky River is formed by the confluence of its North and Middle Forks about 4 miles east of the town of Beattyville in east central Kentucky, the South Fork joining the main stream at that place, and flows in a general northwesterly direction 258.6 miles and empties into the Ohio River at Carroll- 911 912 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ton, Ky., mile 545.8 below Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey Chart for State of Kentucky; scale, 1:500,000.) Existing project. The project provides for 14 locks and fixed dams to give in connection with the improvement of the Ohio River, slack water navigation of 6 feet minimum depth from the Ohio River to points on the three forks a short distance above Beattyville, Ky. The length of the 6-foot-depth project on the main system of the Kentucky River is 258.6 miles to the conflu- ence of the Middle and North Forks.' The river frequently rises to a height of 35 feet or more. Extreme flood height at lock 1 due to backwater from Ohio River when in flood is 60.3 feet, while ex- treme floods reach a height of 47.6 feet at lock 4, and 35.5 feet at lock 14. At some intermediate locks the extreme height of floods exceeds 40 feet. All flood heights are referred to upper pool gages. The cost of new work for the completed project, which contem- plated the rehabilitation of the 5 State locks and dams and the extension of slack water to the three forks at Beattyville, was $4,176,749. The estimate of annual cost of operation and mainte- nance of the Kentucky River (1953) is $397,000. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance of the Kentucky River (1954) is $351,000 of which $291,000 is for operating and care of locks and dams and $60,000 for channel work. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879, in accordance with the report published in House Executive Document 47, 45th Congress, 3d Session (Annual Re- port, 1879, p. 1398). Operation and care of the locks and dams were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act, approved June 26, 1934. No project map of the river has been published. The following statement shows the characteristics of the several locks and dams in this project: RIVERS AND HARBORS--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 913 Lock Location Dimensions Great- Dam est When avail- Depth com- Cost able Lift on Foundation pleted Miles Clear length of lower Nearest town from width (full lock miter mouth (feet) width (feet) sill of (feet) lock) (feet) ' 1 Carrollton, Ky..... 4. 0 38 145 8. 2 14. 8 Rock and clay_ 2 1882 12 Lockport, Ky-.... 31. 0 38 145 13. 9 6. 1 Rock------- ........--1882 13 Gest, Ky----------... . 42.0 38 145 13.2 6.5 ..... do . ... 1882 3 $1, 350, 385 14 Frankfort, Ky _-_ 65. 0 38 145 13.2 6.3 ..... do,_ ..-. 1882 15 Lawrenceburg, Ky_ 82. 2 38 145 15. 0 .... ...... 6. 4 I _do 1886 J 16 Versailles, Ky-..... 96. 2 52 147 14.0 6.4 R o c k and 1894 314, 847 piles. 17 High Bridge, Ky.__ 117. 0 52 147 15.3 6. 8 Rock___ -... 1897 290, 768 18 Nicholasville, Ky__ 139.9 52 146 18.7 6. 0 ..... do 1900 275, 463 9 Valley View, Ky.._ 157. 5 52 148 17. 3 6. 6 _ do ...... 1903 237, 646 10 Richmond, Ky..... 176. 4 52 148 17.0 6.0 _ do .1904 221, 500 11 College Hill, Ky._ 201.0 52 148 18. 0 6. 0 ..-. do .. 1906 296, 593 12 Ravenna, Ky- .... 220.9 52 148 6 18. 0 6. 0 -do . --- 1910 425, 693 13 Willow, Ky-.. .. 239. 9 52 148 16. 0 7. ... do .. 1915 461, 476 514 Heidelberg, Ky .. 249.0 52 148 718. 0 77.0 . do.. . 1917 392, 902 1 Fixed dam, crib construction. Date reconstruction was completed by United States. S Built by the State of Kentucky. Cost is given for repairs by United States only. 4 Fixed dam, concrete construction. 5 Fixed dam, concrete construction, movable crest. 6 With nhovable wooden crest in operation on lock 12. 7 With movable wooden crest in operation on lock 13. Terminal facilities. Tanks for receiving gasoline are located at or near Carrollton, Frankfort and Camp Nelson, Ky. Ter- minals for loading coal are located at Beattyville and Heidelberg, Ky., and for unloading coal at Clays Ferry, Ford, and Carrollton, Ky. There is a stone loading terminal at Boonesboro, Ky. and ter- minals for receiving sand and gravel at Frankfort and Carrollton, Ky. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work during the fiscal year consisted of the operation and maintenance of the 14 locks and dams, and the removal of shoals, snags, and slides, as required to maintain an adequate channel for existing traffic be- tween the mouth of the river and Beattyville, Ky., in the pool of Dam No. 14. The costs were $188,612 for operation and ordinary maintenance of locks and dams and $24,253 for rehabilitation of channels in pools of dams, a total of $212,865, all from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1917. The work accomplished under the project has been the rehabilitation of the five old State locks and dams and the con- struction of new locks and dams Nos. 6 to 14, inclusive. The year of completion of the various locks and dams is given in the table in the varagraph "Existing project." 914 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The canalization system on the Kentucky River is in only fair condition. The condition of the concrete-capped, stone-filled timber crib dams at locks 1 to 8, inclusive, varies from fair to poor, and the limestone walls at locks 1 to 6, inclusive, and lock No. 8 are wearing away by erosion. The remaining locks and dams, Nos. 9 to 14, inclusive, are of concrete construction and the masonry is gen- erally in good condition. The controlling navigable depth in the section covered by the existing project was 6 feet at the end of the fiscal year. All locks were staffed with two employees each for the lockage of the limited amount of commercial traffic using the river. Oper- ation of locks 8-14, inclusive, subsequent to June 30, 1955, is con- tingent on the development of sufficient commercial traffic in this reach of waterway to justify the continued maintenance of naviga- tion facilities at Federal expense. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular Maintenance and Total operation funds New work ..-.------------------------------ $4, 176, 749 -------------------- $4, 176, 749 Operation and maintenance, general _...... 3, 711, 620 $51, 000 3, 762, 620 Total ..... 7, 888, 369 51, 000 7, 939, 369 In addition, the sum of $6,405,372 was expended between July 5, 1884, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite ap- propriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------ _-- .. -------------- -------- ------------ ------------ $4,176,749 Cost-..-- --- --- ----- 4, 176, 749 Maintenance: Appropriated - $257, 700 $329, 853 $206,400 $300, 750 $244, 704 10, 229, 922 Cost 286, 650 298, 611 194,662 331, 419 1217,151 10,167, 991 1 Includes undistributed costs June 30, 1953, distributed to features in fiscal year 1954 $4, 286, not reported as this fiscal year costs on PB12. 4. GREEN, BARREN, AND NOLIN RIVERS, AND BEAR CREEK, KY. Location. Green River rises in Casey County, Ky., flows in a northwesterly direction 370 miles, and empties into the Ohio River about 8 miles above Evansville, Ind. Barren River rises in Monroe County, Ky., flows in a north- RIVERS AND HARBORS--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 915 westerly direction 130 miles, and empties into Green River one- half mile above lock 4 and 149.5 miles above the mouth of Green River. Bear Creek rises in Grayson County, Ky., flows in a southerly direction 40 miles, and empties into Green River 0.3 mile above new lock 5 and 168.4 miles above the mouth of Green River. Nolin River rises in Larue County, Ky., flows in a southwesterly direction about 105 miles, and empties into the Green River 1.8 miles above lock 6 and 183.5 miles above the mouth of Green River. Existing project. This provides for locks and dams Nos. 1 through 6 on the Green River, lock and dam No. 1 on the Barren River and for the improvement of Nolin River and Bear Creek by the removal of obstructions. The original authorization provided for the purchase of improve- ments made prior to 1884, by the State of Kentucky, consisting of locks and dams 1 to 4, Green River, and 1, Barren River, which gave a continuous 4-foot depth for navigation from Bowling Green, on the Barren River, to the mouth of Green River. Subsequent authorizations provided for the reconstruction of lock 2, Green River (in 1893) ; the upstream extension of slack water navigation on Green River to Mammoth Cave, Ky., by the construction of locks and dams 5 and 6, and by the removal of snags and slides; the construction of new locks at dam 1, Barren River, and at dam 5, Green River; the raising of the crest of dam 5, Green River, 2 feet, by means of a movable A-frame top; the improvement of Nolin River by the removal of obstructive bars, boulders, over- hanging rocks, and snags; and the improvement of Bear Creek by removing snags and widening bends. The reconstruction of dam 2, Green River; and the construction of new and larger locks at dams 1 and 2, Green River, was approved on July 29, 1953, by the Secretary of the Army under authority of Section 6 of River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1909. The project for Green River extends from the mouth to Mam- moth Cave, Ky., a distance of 197.8 miles; for Barren River from the mouth to Bowling Green, Ky., a distance of 30.1 miles; for Nolin River from the mouth to Meredith Ferry, a distance of 73/4 miles and for Bear Creek, Ky., for a distance of 8 miles above its mouth. The navigable depth of the improved portions is limited to 5.5 feet by the elevations of the existing lock miter sills. Fluctuations in stage vary considerably at the different locks. At lock 3, Green River, ordinary fluctuations due to high stages are from 12 to 15 feet above the pool level, and at lock 1, Barren River, from 7 to 10 feet above pool. The maximum stages of record are 34 feet above normal pool stage at lock 3, Green River, and 29 feet at lock 1, Barren River. These stages were obtained during the floods of 1937 and 1913, respectively. The principal data concerning the locks and dams are shown in the following table: 916 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Location Depth Depth Greatest on lower on upper length miter miter Distance of lock sill at sill at from Width of available Lift at normal normal Lock mouth of lock for full normal pool pool and river chamber width pool level level dam Nearest town (miles) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) GREEN RIVER 1 Spottsville, Ky..... 9. 1 35. 5 139. 0 111.8 9. 0 6. 7 New 1 7-.......do_____.......... 9,1 84. 0 600, 0 111.8 11, 3 12.1 2 Rumsey, Ky_ ..... 63. 1 36. O0 141.0 14.3 5. 5 7. 8 New 2 8__.......do ........... 63.1 84.0 600. 0 14.3 11.7 15.0 3 Rochester, Ky -_ 108. 5 35. 8 137. 5 17. 0 5. 6 7. 3 4 Woodbury, Ky_.. 149. 0 35. 8 138. 0 16. 4 6. 5 7.1 New 5 Glenmore, Ky_... 168. 1 56. 0 360. 0 15. 2 9. 3 12. 0 6 Brownsville, Ky._. 181.7 36.0 145. 0 9. 2 8. 8 8.0 BARREN RIVER 1 Greencastle, Ky_ -. 2 15. 0 56. 0 360. 0 15. 2 9. 3 12.1)0 Lock Character of Kind Type of Year Cost of lock and dam foundation of dam construction completed and dam ----- I ----------- I --- GREEN RIVER 1...... Shale and coal....... Fixed..... Wood crib, concrete cap-.... 1835-40 $179, 110.00 New 1 ..........do..___ ---- do... - d o -.......... ........... (7) Shale ....... ....... Wood.cribh- ....------- 1895 New 2 s.... -.. do ... .._ ...... S-----do ..-. Concrete masonry-......... (8) Rock.........._.... .....do . - Wood crib ................. 1833-36 121,377. 00 .....do ......... ... ..... do-_. ... do .. ... 1839 ..---------------- 125, 718.00 New 5_...... Piles and rock.. _ -=- do _do---Concrete masonry- .... __- 1934 4 1.020, 867. 89 Gravel--.-..- .. Wood crib, concrete cap --- , 1905 168, 415.00 BARREN RIVER 1 ...... 1...... Gravel - .- do -. ----- . .-- - 1841 *871, +55.00 Piles in gravel -..- 1934 - --- -- -- 1At normal pool dam 48, Ohio River. 2 Distance from mouth of Green River is 164.5 miles. a With movable A-frame crest 3 feet high. Includes $4,033.50 for purchase of land. SDoes not include $179,434.58, cost of old lock and dam 5. 8 Includes $729,269 for the new large lock completed in 1934, of which $1,800 was for purchase: of chad. 7 New lock under construction. 8 New lock and dam under construction. The estimated cost of new work in Green and Barren Rivers (1954) is $12,856,540; of new work in Nolin River, $15,000; and of new work in Bear Creek, $23,000, of which $10,000 is to be eon- tributed by local interests; a total of $12,894,540. The estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance of existing facilities on the Green River between the mouth of the Green River and Bowling Green on the Barren River (1954) is $167,500, of which $107,500 is for operating and care of locks and dams Nos. 1-4 Green River and No. 1, Barren River, and $60,000 for channel work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY.,: DISTRICT 917 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11,1888 Purchase of the original improvements.....------------........ H Ex. Doc. 111, 49th Cong., 2d sess; Annual Report 1887, p. 1903. Mar. 3,1893 1 Construction of lock 2, Green River..--------------............... Annual Report, 1891, p. 2439. July 13 1892 Construction of lock 5, Green River.................. July 13 1902 Construction of lock 6, Green River.................. Annual Report, 1891, p. 2478. Mar. 3,1905 Appropriation of $5,000 made for continuing the im- provement of Green River above the mouth of Big Barren River, with the following proviso: "That the Secretary of War may, in his discretion, expend such portion of said amount as may be necessary for removal of snags in Nolin River." Mar. 3,1909 Construction of new lock No. 1 and new lock and Senate Doc. No. 82, 83rd Congress, dam No. 2, Green River. 2d session. July 3, 1930 Constructionoftnew locks at dam 5, Green River, and Rivers and Harbors Committee dam 1, Barren River; modification of dam 5, Green Doc. 2, 71st Cong., 1st sess., and River, widening of bends in Bear Creek, Ky. H. Doc. 685, 69th Cong., 2d sess. June 26, 1934 2 Operation and care of locks and dams with War De- partment appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 80,1935 Improvement of Nolin River ---- --------------- H. Doc. 480, 72d Cong., 2d sess. s 1 Deficiency act. 2 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. s Contains latest published map of the lower 12 miles of Nolin River. For map of the Green, Barren, Rough and Nolin Rivers and Bear Creek, see Senate Doc. No. 82, 83d Congress, 2d session. Recommended modifications of project. Modification of the project to provide for widening and deepening the navigable chan- nel in the lower 103 miles of Green River to provide a width of 200 feet and a depth of 9 feet, and guide fenders and cells at restricted bridge openings for navigation safety, at an estimated cost to the United States of $3,358,000 for construction, $50,000 for aids to navigation and $25,000 for additional annual operation and main- tenance, is recommended in report on "Green and Barren Rivers, Kentucky," published in Senate Doc. No. 82, 83d Congress, 2d sess. This report also recommends that existing authorities for the im- provement of Bear Creek, and for the removal of obstructions on Nolin River, be revoked. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, provides that in connection with the improvement of Bear Creek, Ky., local interests are to contribute $10,000 to the first cost of the dredging, provide necessary rights-of-way at the bends, furnish without cost to the United States satisfactory areas for the dis- posal of excavated material, and assume all flowage damages along Bear Creek. These conditions have not been met. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, provides that local interests provide any land or easements required for the pur- pose of the improvement of Nolin River. Local interests: have been unable to obtain easements required for the removal of overhang- ing rock ledges at Whistle Mountain. Terminal facilities. There are two terminals for receiving gasoline on the Barren River at Bowling Green, Ky., and one on the Green River at South Carrollton, Ky., and one terminal for loading crude oil on the Green River at Spottsville, Ky. There is one terminal for loading coal at Paradise, Ky. (near Rockport) and one terminal for receiving coal at the Kentucky Utilities power plant at South Carrollton, Ky. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work during the fiscal year consisted of preparation of plans and speci- fications for reconstruction of Lock No. 1 and Lock and Dam No. 2, purchase of lands for the new structures at both sites, and initia- 918 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tion of contract reconstruction of Lock No. 1 in June 1954. A con- tract was awarded in June 1954 for reconstruction of Lock and Dam No. 2, however, no work thereon had been started by the end of the fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: Work during the fiscal year consisted of completion of design memorandum for the proposed new lock No. 1 and lock and dam No. 2, Green River; the operation and maintenance of locks and dams Nos. 1 to 4, Green River and No. 1, Barren River; and the removal of shoals, snags and slides as required to maintain an adequate channel for existing traffic between the mouth of the Green River and Bowling Green, Ky. The costs during the fiscal year were as follows: New work: Engineering and design, and land acquisition expense for new lock 1 and new lock and dam 2, Green River ...................... $ 80,363 Operation and maintenance, general: Completion of design memorandum. $100,000 Operation of locks and dams....... 71,682 Channel work ................... 100,009 271,691 Total, all from regular funds ............ $352,054 Condition at end of fiscal year. The canalization system on the Green and Barren Rivers is in only fair condition, except lock 1, Barren River, and lock and dam 5, Green River, which are in good condition. The controlling navigable depth in the section of river between Bowling Green, Ky., and the mouth of Green River was 5.5 feet at the end of the fiscal year. Operation of locks Nos. 5 and 6, Green River, was discontinued on August 1, 1951, as these locks were no longer used by commercial traffic. At the end of the fiscal year work had been initiated on the construction by contract of new lock No. 1, Green River, and a contract had been awarded for the construction of new lock and dam No. 2, Green River. New work remaining to be done consists of the removal of over- hanging rock ledges at Whistle Mountain on Nolin River, provided for by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935; the improve- ment of Bear Creek, provided by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930; and the construction of replacement lock No. 1, and lock aiid dam No. 2'. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Maintenance Public Emergency Regular and operation works relief Total funds funds funds New work------------------.. $2, 440,132 -----------.........--- $85, 000 .............. $2, 525,132 Operation and maintenance, General.----------------- 2,120, 734 $19, 000 --- ------- $2, 000 734 2, 1411; Total ---- ..--------... 4, 560, 866 000 19, 85,000 2,000 4, 666,866 In addition, the~: im of $3,842,667 was expended between 1888 and June 30, 1934, on the operating and care of the works of im- RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 919 provement under provisions of the permanent indefinite appro- priation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated------------ ---------------------- $840, 000 $3, 284,769 Cost------------------------------------ - - 80,363 2,525,132 Maintenance: Appropriated .- - $193,800 $153,237 $81,600 $108,500 272, 200 5,994,248 Cost_------------- 183,478 108, 057 133,491 106, 712 1 276,767 5,984,401 I Reported cost for fiscal year 1954 includes cost of $5, 076 incurred in fiscal year 1953 and carried in clearing account June 30, 1953. Other new work data. Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ ------------- $135,655 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------. 4,800,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ _ - _ __- 4,935,655 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project-_-_--------------------- 4,420,000 5. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report, amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for-- maintenance 1. Licking River, Ky ......----------------------- 2- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1901 $13, 045 ..---------------------- 2. Tradewater River, Ky. - 1941 18, 568 $7, 571 Completed. 3. White River, Ind. ---------------------- __ ___ 1909 119, 312 D-------------- Do. 4. Clearing navigable streams under authority 1951 12, 131 Do. of Public Law 14, 79th Cong. 5. Rough River, Ky.2-------------------------- 1952 105, 500 101, 196 Do. 1 Recommended for abandonment in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st seas. -No commerce reported. 6. NEWPORT, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Campbell County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River and the right bank of the Licking River at their con- fluence, 470 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 8,000 feet of earth levee, 1,805 feet of concrete wall, 2,435 feet of cellular-type steel sheet piling wall, three pump- ing plants, and other necessary appurtenances. The line of pro- tection begins at high ground near the east end of Lexington Ave- nue, extends in a northwesterly direction to the left bank of the Ohio River, thence downstream to the mouth of the Licking River and upstream along the right bank of Licking River to high ground in the vicinity of Lowell and 12th Streets. The section along Lick- ing River from Chestnut Street to Hodge Street is cellular-type steel sheet piling wall and the section from Hodge Street to Lowell and 12th Streets is concrete wall. The project provides protection for the city of Newport, Ky., 920 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 against Ohio River and Licking River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $7,251,000; the actual non-Federal cost is $299,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work consisted of making modification and repairs to the cellular-type steel sheet piling wall, sewers, etc. Routine maintenance of the project was performed by local interests. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $95,225 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in April 1946 and completed June 1954 except for the modi- fications and repairs which were completed in August 1953. The project was assigned to local interests for maintenance on Septem- ber 29, 1951. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $7,130,076 from regular funds and $6,150 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $7,136,226, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June I 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated . $2, 200,000 $333,000 --- ---- 200,000 --------- $7,200,351 Cost-.------- ----- - 2,646,980 859, 672 $272,2601 320,629 2$109,416 7,136, 226 I Includes $6,150 Emergency Relief funds. 2 Difference between current fiscal year costs reported in column 1954 and those reported in "Operation and results during fiscal year" is as follows: fiscal year 1953 undistributed costs distributed to features in fiscal year 1954, $14,191.16. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--............. $64,125 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------------------------------------- 64,125 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ 50,649 7. COVINGTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Kenton County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River and the left bank of the Licking River at their confluence, 470.5 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 2,390 feet of earth levee and 3,580 feet of concrete wall along the Ohio River; 8,370 feet of earth levee and 1,220 feet of concrete wall along the Licking River; 10 pumping plants; and other necessary appurtenances. The Ohio River section begins near Second and Wright Streets, extends along the left bank of the river on or near Second Street to Washington Street, then north- FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 921 east to Riverside Drive, paralleling Riverside Drive on the south side to Greenup Street, thence along the west side of this street in a southerly direction to high ground. The Licking River section begins about 300 feet east of Eighth and Garrard Streets, parallels this latter street and Prospect Street at a distance of about 300 feet on the riverside to 12th Street, thence parallel to Maryland Street on the riverside for 800 feet, thence in a southerly direction paral- lel and adjacent to the left bank of Licking River to a point near Oakland Street 500 feet south of Wallace Avenue, thence about 300 feet west to high ground. This section also includes about 900 feet of earth levee on Eastern Avenue between Wallace Avenue and 26th Street, and about 300 feet of concrete wall to protect Booth Hospital in the vicinity of Kennedy and Third Streets. The project will provide protection for the city of Covington, Ky., against Ohio and Licking River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of rec- ord) with a 3-foot freeboard. The (1954) estimated Federal cost of the project is $7,550,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $765,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Bond issue to cover rights-of-way and damage costs were voted on November 6, 1945. Formal assur- ances of local cooperation were adopted on November 29, 1945, by the board of commissioners of the city of Covington and ap- proved September 26, 1947. Rights-of-way have been acquired necessary for construction work, except for ponding area at Willow Run pumping plant. The rights-of-way for outlets of ponding area at 24th Street pumping plant is presently being acquired. The funds contributed for joint design, engineering studies, and construction of sewer facilities along Licking River totaled $265,- 124. This work is beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. Operations and results during fiscal year.. Construction was continued on section C by continuing-contract; on the five pumping plants along Licking River by continuing-contract; and, coordina- tion of sewers and pumping facilities under contract with sanita- tion district No. 1 of Campbell and Kenton Counties, Ky. The costs during the fiscal year were $1,910,593 from regular funds and $172,938 from contributed funds, a total of $2,083,531, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of project was started in July 1948 and was 85 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. The construction of sections A and B, Russell Street, Main Street, and Willow Run pumping plants is complete including dehumidification of these plants. Construction of section C is 90 percent complete, and of Court, Kennedy, Pleasant, 19th and 24th Streets pumping plants is 62 percent complete. Contract with San- itation District No. 1 of Campbell and Kenton Counties, Ky., which includes the construction of sewers and the 8th Street and Patton Street pumping plants, is reported to be about 80 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of construc- 922 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tion of section C, the five pumping plants along Licking River and 8th Street and Patton Street pumping plants. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $6,419,375 from regular funds, $7,454 from Emergency Relief funds, and $265,124 from contributed funds, a total of $6,691,953, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated $1, 041, 700 $890, 000 $1, 400, 000 $821, 000 $1, 100, 000 $6, 720, 154 Cost- --- - 969,445 1, 278,044 196, 468 1,185, 995 1, 910, 593 6,426, 829 1 Includes $7,454 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_---------- $126,703 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------- 800,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June - 30, 1955 --------------------------------------------- 926,703 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project --------------------------------------- 29840 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ........ $246, 262 $60, 000 $306, 262 Cost.-- 92,186 172,938 265,124 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ - - $41,138 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__ _______ _ __ 41.138 8. CINCINNATI, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The project is located in the city of Cincinnati on the right bank of the Ohio River, in Hamilton County, Ohio, 472.5 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The project consists of a barrier dam across Mill Creek near its mouth, and a concrete wall, with appurtenant works, extending from the east bank of the creek along the Ohio River to high ground near the intersection of Baymiller and Ken- yon Streets. The project protects Mill Creek Valley and a small portion of the river front section of Cincinnati against Ohio River floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The barrier dam includes a pumping installation to dispose of discharges of Mill Creek (drainage area 165 square miles) into the Ohio River during flood periods. The entire project involved the construction of a barrier-dam pumphouse including pumps, mo- tors and all necessary electrical and other mechanical equipment; appropriate outlet works to pass Mill Creek discharges during nor- FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 923 mal periods; 600 feet of levee and 820 feet of wall between the western abutment of the dam and pumphouse; and about 5,660 lin- ear feet of concrete wall to form the eastern closure of the dam. The project also provides gates, drainage-disposal facilities, and other appurtenant works. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1953) is $9,977,800; the estimated non-Federal cost is $1,027,600. The project was selected for construction under the general au- thorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. All requirements have been fulfilled. Dur- ing the fiscal year 1945, modifications of the Evans Street sewer were performed with funds in the amount of $10,693 furnished by the city of Cincinnati. During fiscal years 1947 and 1948, funds in the amounts of $174,283 and $6,874, respectively, were supplied by the city of Cincinnati for sewer modifications near Carr Street and relocation of traffic gates. This work is beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. The funds furnished were in excess of total expenditures for this work by an amount of $20,123, which has been returned to the city. Operations and results during fiscal year. The work performed during the fiscal year consisted of installing electric tape gages and starting the preparation of operations and maintenance manual. Routine maintenance of the project was accomplished by local in- terests. There was no flood during the year which required opera- tion of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $156 from regular funds for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the levees, walls and the barrier dam was complete. Six pumping units were in operating condition in the barrier-dam pumping station. The project is complete except for completion of the operations and maintenance manual. The total Federal costs to the end of the fiscal year were $9,955,- 057 from regular funds and $9,360 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $9,964,417. In addition, surplus property valued at $19,- 959 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ ______30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 .1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 2 New work: Appropriated- ..----- $650, 000 -$27,100 $22, 100 2 $9,977, 760 Cost---------------- 816,365 $9,551 2,362 29,0981 . $1566 39,964, 417 1In addition $171,727 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2Includes $9,360 Emergency Relief funds and $650,000 from appropriation 21X3113.010 flood control general refund to the City of Cincinnati, repayment of funds advanced. 3 In addition, surplus property valued at $19,959 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data.: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 $4,343 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 4,343 924 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 9. WEST FORK OF MILL CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The site of the West Fork of Mill Creek Dam is on the west fork of Mill Creek 6.5 miles above its junction with Mill Creek and 2 miles northeast of Mount Healthy, Ohio, and about 10 miles north of downtown Cincinnati. The reservoir will extend up- stream about 3 miles and all lies within Hamilton County, Ohio. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a dam for flood control, recreation, and reduction of pumping requirements at the Mill Creek barrier dam. The dam consists of an earth embankment with a maximum height of about 100 feet and a total length of 1,100 feet. The improvement in- cludes a gate-controlled concrete conduit 10.5 feet in diameter un- der the embankment along the right abutment and an uncontrolled spillway through the right abutment ridge, and appurtenant work. A permanent pool at elevation 675 having an area of 183 acres is provided. The storage between elevations 675 and 702 amounting to 9,850 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 6.3 inches of runoff from the 29.5 square miles of drainage area above the dam, will be re- served for flood control and reduction of pumping requirements at the Mill Creek barrier dam. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1953) is $2,981,700; the estimated non-Federal cost is $570,801 which amount includes $50,000 contributed in fulfillment of project authorization. The estimated annual cost for operation and maintenance of the project (1953) is $26,700. The latest published map is contained in House Document No. 198, 80th Congress, 1st session. The existing project was selected for construction under the ad- ditional authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to release necessary land under their control at no cost to the United States and give assurances that they will prevent future channel en- croachment below the dam site in connection with the flood con- trol reservoir. In case the reservoir is enlarged to include a con- servation pool, local interest must contribute one-half the addi- tional cost of such pool, including one-half of the cost of relocation of sanitary sewer, and agree to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from its provision. The board of county commissioners of Hamilton County, Ohio, adopted a reso- lution on October 8, 1947, signifying willingness to fulfill local co- operation requirements including the provision of the conservation pool. Assurances of local cooperation were executed on the same date. A contract with the United States for the relocation of the sanitary sewer outside the reservoir area in order to include the conservation pool in the project has been accepted by Hamilton County, in which the United States pays one-half the cost of such relocation work. The amount of $50,000, required as a local contribution toward the additional cost of providing the conservation pool, has been furnished by the Hamilton County Commissioners. The Hamilton County Park District has undertaken the devel- FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 925 opment and management of recreation facilities in the reservoir area for use of the public in accordance with license granted by the Secretary of the Army on October 31, 1951. Operations and results during fiscal year. A contract was awarded and completed for provision of additional facilities. In- stallation of miscellaneous operating equipment was performed by hired labor. Preparation of the operations and maintenance man- ual and master plan for recreation was completed. Routine oper- ation and maintenance was performed during the fiscal year. The costs during the year were $61,681 for new work and $21,446 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1949 and completed in December 1952 except for minor items of work. The work remaining at the end of the fiscal year consists of water service connection and other miscel- laneous minor items of work. The total costs for new work to the end of the fiscal year were $2,945,256 from regular funds and $50,000 from contributed funds, a total of $2,995,256. The total costs for operation and maintenance to the end of fiscal year were $37,981. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ _ _1_ _ _ _ _ _ - 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated .....- $1,041,700 $900,000 -$400,000 -$60,000 $2,981,700 Cost.. 648,644 699,458 599,339 794,680 681 $61, 2,945,256 Maintenance: Appropriated - -!_____ I.----------- ... !__ - __---. 19,000 24,840 43,840 Cost-- .----------- ---- --- -- - -----. 16,535 21,446 37,981 1 In addition, $50,000 fornew work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ - - $34,316 Utnobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 . - 34,316 10. JACKSON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Breathitt County on the North Fork of the Ken- tucky River, 305 miles above the Ohio River. Existing project. The project consists of excavation of a cut- off channel across the neck of an ox-bow bend. The new channel has a length of about 150 feet, a base width of 200 feet and a depth of about 60 feet. It will shorten the stream length by about 4.25 miles and will reduce flood heights at Jackson, Ky., from 4 to 6 feet on all floods, resulting in the elimination of 75 percent of the flood damages now sustained by the city: The estimated Federal cost of the project (1954) is $260,000, the non-Federal cost is $3,000. The project was selected for construction under the additional authorization for Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944. Local cooperation. Officials of Jackson, Ky., have adopted a 926 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 resolution giving assurances of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. There was no work done during the year due to no available funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work on surveys, explorations and preparation of plans is 9 percent complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,880. The total expenditures were $1,880. Cost and financial summary Fiscal yea ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated.....------------ -$3, 100 -$20 $1, 880 Cost...----------------- $30 ..... ...-------- 67 1,880 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- 12,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------------------------------------------_ 12,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------------------------------------- 246,120 11. JEFFERSONVILLE-CLARKSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The Jeffersonville-Clarksville area is located in Clark County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 603 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and concrete flood walls, con- sisting of the following features: Section I, an earth levee 19,630 feet in length, including 7,030 feet of roadway levee and 12,600 feet of new earth levee, extending from high ground near Silver Creek and Emery Crossing Road along the right bank of the Ohio River to the foot of Smyser Avenue in Clarksville; section II, unit 1, 8,810 feet of concrete wall extending along the right bank of the Ohio River from near the foot of Penn Street downstream to the vicinity of Smyser Avenue to join with section I; section II, unit 2b, 450 feet of concrete wall and 1,540 feet of new earth levee extending from high ground near Jefferson and High Streets to join unit 1 near Penn Street; section II, unit 2a, 5,570 feet of new earth levee across low ground northeast of Jeffersonville; 10 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage, and ap- purtenant works. The project provides protection for the adjoining municipalities of Jeffersonville, Clarksville, and Claysburg, and approximately 3.8 square miles of contiguous agricultural and suburban areas against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1937 (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $4,196,600 of which an amount not exceeding $166,320 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $590,888. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 927 Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. On March 15, 1940, the President approved a waiver of 36 percent of the estimated cost of lands, easements and rights-of-way, under the provisions of section 8 of the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The dehumidification test was continued and completed including preparation and sub- mission of report. Final settlement made of contract for construc- tion of east section pumping plants. Prototype test on syphonic action is awaiting suitable river conditions for completion. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,195 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1940 and substantially completed in October 1949. The project has been assigned to local interests for maintenance and operation. The work remaining consists of completion of studies for prototype test on syphonic action. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,182,512 from regular funds and $3,953 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $4,186,465, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated - -$25, 000 -$7, 500 $6, 500 - $4, 190, 407 Cost.. - 122,416 1, 301 1,464 :$1,663 $3,195 44 86,465 IIncludes $3,953 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_----------- $3,942 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----- -------------------------------------------- 3,942 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project------- --------------------------- 6,193 12. LOUISVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. Louisville is located in Jefferson County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 607 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and concrete flood walls consist- ing of the following features: Section A, including 941 feet of earth levee and 9,313 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground northeast of the intersection of Brownsboro Road and Mellwood Avenue downstream across Beargrass Creek in a west- erly direction to high ground near the intersection of Preston and Main Streets; section AA, including 3,500 feet of concrete wall, extending from the intersection of Preston and Main Streets north and west of industrial and commercial developments to high ground at Third and Main Streets; section B, including 6,052 feet Sig 30--927.958 928 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of earth levee and 8,896 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground near Fourth and Main Streets downstream along the left bank of the Ohio River to the approach fill of the Kentucky and Indiana terminal railroad bridge; section C, including 9,024 feet of earth levee, extending from the lower end of section B downstream along the northwest edge of the city area to high ground along Northwestern Parkway and the west end of Main Street; section D, including 7,368 feet of earth levee and 2,725 feet of concrete wall, extending from high ground in Shawnee Park downstream along the river bank to a point near the corporate limits of the city of Louisville; section E, including 43,997 feet of earth levee and 94 feet of concrete wall, extending downstream from the lower end of section D along the river bank to the mouth of Cane Run ditch, thence upstream along the right bank of this ditch and Big Run ditch to high ground at United States Highways No. 31W and 60 near Greenwood Avenue; 14 pumping plants for disposal of interior drainage; and other appurtenant structures. The project will provide protection for the city of Louisville, Ky., and adjacent highly developed county area at the southwest- ern limits of the city against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1937 (maximum of record). The estimated Federal cost of new work (1954) is $26,659,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $2,500,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Bond issue to cover rights-of-way costs was voted on November 5, 1940. Formal assurances of local co- operation, dated February 28, 1941, have been furnished in ac- cordance with a resolution of the board of aldermen of the city of Louisville adopted February 25, 1941. A copy of resolution supplementing the previous resolution adopted by board of alder- men on August 24, 1953 assuring fulfillment of local cooperation requirements for section AA has been furnished. Rights-of-way for sections A, B, C, D, E, and the 14 pumping plants have been acquired. The funds contributed for joint design, engineering studies, and construction of interior drainage facilities beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project totaled $1,616,600 at the end of the fiscal year, of which $26,057 was contributed by the City of Louis- ville and $1,590,543 was contributed by the Louisville and Jeffer- son County Metropolitan Sewer District. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of pumping plants located at 5th, 10th, 17th, 4th and Buchanan Streets and at the State Fairgrounds was completed during fiscal year. Additional relief wells for section E were also completed. Construction was continued on Lee's Lane, Mill Creek, and Paddy's Run pumping plants under continuing-contract. Bear- grass Creek pumping plant construction was initiated in July 1953 by continuing-contract and continued during the year. General design memorandum for section AA was completed in June 1954. Operations and maintenance manual preparation was continued. Local interests performed routine maintenance of the previously FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 929 assigned portion of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $3,930,535 from regular funds and $2,789 from contributed funds, a total of $3,933,324, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1947 and was 78 percent completed at the end of fiscal year. Construction of sections A, part 1 and 2, B, C, D, and E, and Shawnee, 4th, Buchanan, 5th, 10th, 17th, 27th, and 34th Streets, and State Fairgrounds pumping plants, including dehu- midification of plants except State Fairgrounds, was completed at end of fiscal year. Beargrass Creek pumping plant construction was 33 percent completed; pumping plants at Lee's Lane, Mill Creek and Paddy's Run were 99 percent completed; dehumidifica- tion of State Fairgrounds, Lee's Lane, Mill Creek and Paddy's Run was 56 percent completed. Preparation of operations and mainte- nance manual 65 percent completed. The work remaining consists of completion of work presently under contract which includes four pumping plants and dehumidification of five pumping plants, and the construction of section AA wall and pumping plant. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $20,912,851 from regular funds, $8,902 from Emergency Relief funds and $1,615,277 from contributed funds, a total of $22,537,030, all for new work. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated_ - $4, 092,500 $3, 600,000 $4, 500,000 $4, 229,000------------ $23547, 794 Cost- 2,295, 046 3,271, 664 2699,998 2660, 746 2 $3,930921, 753 I Includes $8,902 Emergency Relief funds. 2 Difference between current fiscal year costs reported in column 1954 and those reported in "Operations and results during fiscal year" is as follows: Fiscal year 1953 undistributed costs distributed to features in fiscal year 1954, $75. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------ -- $1,873,455 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-- 1,873,455 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project. _ 3,111,206 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ........ $22,236 $1,075, 254 $208, 193 $307, 716 $3, 200 $1,616, 600 Cost_.. 7, 236 932,864 312, 043 360,344 2, 789 1,615,277 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $1,106 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__ 1.106 930 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 13. NEW ALBANY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. In Floyd County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 608 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 2.8 miles of earth levee, 0.7 mile of concrete wall, 6 pumping plants and other necessary appurtenant structures. The main portion of the levee and walls begins at high ground near Glenwood Court and extends downstream along the right bank of Silver Creek to the right bank of the Ohio River, thence down- stream' along the bank of the river across Falling Run Creek to high ground at Main Street. Also included is a short section of levee across Slate Run Creek near its entrance into Silver Creek. The project will provide protection for the city of New Albany, Ind., against Ohio River floods equal to the flood of 1937 (maxi- mum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated cost of the project (1954) is $5,363,000; the esti- mated non-Federal cost is $740,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River iBasin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. The New Albany Flood Control District was organized on June 4, 1946, by order of the Floyd County circuit court. Assurances of local cooperation were executed by this district on March 15, 1947. Acquisition of rights-of-way is complete. Over the past 5-year period, formal requests have been made of local interests to furnish necessary ponding areas. None of these areas have been acquired. The city of New Albany has contributed $31,989 for modification of sewers in connec- tion with flood wall construction and $95,000 has been paid by Southern Railway Co. for provision of additional embankment along the levee for a distance of 5,400 feet, from a point about 300 feet from the downstream end of the levee to the East Fourth Street, on which to relocate their main track. This work is be- yond the scope of the authorized Federal project. Operation and results during fiscal year. Construction of sec- tion II, part 2 and the three pumping plants of east section :was completed. The construction of the three west section pumping plants was continued during the fiscal year under continuing-con- tract. Dehumidification of the east section pumping plants was initiated and completed. Minor repairs and reconditioning of existing flood protection were initiated under contract. The costs during fiscal year were $777,379 from regular funds and $11,220 from contributed funds, a total of $788,599 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was started in March 1948 and was 97 percent completed at the end of fiscal year. The construction was completed for section I parts 1 and 2, section II, parts 1 and 2, and east section pumping plants located at Slate Run, East Market Street and Chambers Street including dehumidi- fication. The three pumping plants of the west section were 98 percent completed. Minor repairs and reconditioning was 85 percent completed. The remaining work consists of completion FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 931 of contracts in force and preparation of operations and mainte- nance manual. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $5,223,523 from regular funds, $3,278 from Emergency Relief funds and $123,858 from contributed funds, a total of $5,350,659, all for new work. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated... $1, 600, 000 $1, 950,000 $75, 000 $329,000 -$129, 600 $5, 362, 659 Cost_ _ 791,733 972,779 750,384 1,257, 767 777, 379 5,226,801 1 Includes $3,278 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-----_--_--- $109,654 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ --------- 109,654 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated $30,000 - $123,989 ' -$27, 000 .- __ 2 $126,989 Cost_ 24,038 88,600 $11,220 123,858 I Refund to Southern Railway Company. 2 Includes $31,989 by city of New Albany and $95,000 by Southern Railway Co. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---__-------- $3,131 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ ------------------------------------------------- 3,131 14. HAWESVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. In Hancock County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 723.9 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 4,653 feet of earth levee, required diversion sewers, one pumping plant and other necessary appurtenances. The earth levee has an average height of 19.5 feet and begins at high ground about 400 feet east of the courthouse square and extends in a northeasterly direction along the left bank of Coperas Branch to the left bank of the Ohio River, thence downstream along the Ohio River to the mouth of Lead Creek, thence upstream along the right bank of Lead Creek to high ground at United States Highway 60. It will provide protection for the city of Hawesville, Ky., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The current (1954) estimated Federal cost of new work is $970,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $68,000. 932 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of local cooperation, dated September 3, 1946, have been adopted by the common council of the city of Hawesville. Acquisition of the rights-of-way is complete. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction and dehumidification of the pumping plant were completed during fiscal year. Minor reconditioning of existing flood protection was initiated and completed by contract. Preparation of operations and maintenance manual completed. The project was assigned to local interests for maintenance and operation on October 1, 1953. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $13,917 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in May 1950 and completed in October 1953. Preparation of operations and maintenance manual was completed. Operation and mainteriance was assigned to local interests. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $968,797 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated _..... $650, 000 _ $108,000 -$6, 000 -$3, 845 $970,021 Cost----------------- 37,822 $463,209 251,112 148,250 13,917 968,797 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $1,224 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955___--------------------------------------------- 1,224 15. CANNELTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, MD. Location. Cannelton is located in Perry County, Ind., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 724 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 2,269 feet of earth levee, beginning at high ground 450 feet southwest of the intersection of St. Louis and Long Ave- nues and extending in a westerly direction to the bank of the Ohio River at the end of Hafele Street; 4,790 feet of concrete wall, extending from the lower end of the levee downstream along the bank of the Ohio River on the riverside of Front Street to the inter- section of Herzeele Street, thence in a northerly direction along the Southern Railway tracks to a point near the intersection of Second and Hunt Streets; 1,351 feet of earth levee, extending from the lower end of the concrete wall in a northerly direction to high ground at the northwestern limits of the city; three pumping plants for disposal of interior drainage; and other appurtenant structures. FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 933 The project provides protection for the city of Cannelton, Ind., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The current estimated cost of new work (1954) is $1,930,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $40,000. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of local cooperation, dated August 14, 1945, have been furnished in accordance with resolution of the city council of Cannelton adopted on the same date. The rights-of-way for the levee section were approved on January 27, 1947, and all rights-of-way for the wall section and the pumping plants have been acquired. Formal requests have been made of local interests to furnish necessary areas for pond- ing at Castleberry Creek and 4th Street Ditch pumping plants. These areas have not been acquired. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering studies for necessary corrective measures and modifications were made during the fiscal year. A contract was awarded in June 1954 for minor curb and pavement construction along Front Street. Local interests performed routine maintenance of the project. There was no flood during the year which required the operation of the project. The costs during fiscal year were $1,032 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in March 1947 and completed in October 1950. The project was assigned to local interests for operation and maintenance on October 24, 1950. The work remaining consists of completion of the work presently being performed. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,914,678 from regular funds and $239 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $1,914,917. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1954 ing fiscalyears prior to 19501 1950 1951 1952 1953 New work: 1Includes $239 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-----------__ $13, 534 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- - 13,534 16. ROUGH RIVER RESERVOIR AND CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT, KY. Location. The dam site for the Rough River Reservoir is lo- cated on Rough River, 89.3 miles above its confluence with Green River and about 160.3 miles above the Ohio River. The reservoir will extend upstream in the valley a distance of about 30 miles and 934 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 will lie in Breckinridge, Grayson, and Hardin Counties, Ky. The channel improvement work is located on Rough River, Barnett Creek and North Fork Barnett Creek. Existing project. The plan of improvement includes the con- struction of a dam for flood control and conservation. This unit as now planned provides for a rolled earth and rock dam with an uncontrolled spillway on the left abutment and a gate-controlled outlet works with stilling basin located along the toe of the right abutment; necessary relocation of roads, utilities and cemeteries; acquisition of land needed for the reservoir area and other required appurtenant facilities. The authorized channel improvements, located in Ohio County, Ky., consists of clearing the banks and minor channel cleaning of the Rough River channel from its mouth at Livermore, Ky., to the mouth of Caney Creek, a distance of 64 miles; channel rectifica- tion on Barnett Creek from its mouth to mile 6.7; and channel rectification on the North Fork Barnett Creek, a tributary which enters Barnett Creek at mile 6.15, from its mouth to mile 2.3. The estimated cost of new work revised in 1954 is $8,490,000 for the reservoir; $780,000 Federal cost for Rough River bank clearing and channel cleaning, and $4,000 non-Federal; $100,000 Federal cost for the Barnett Creek section and $18,000 non- Federal. The latest published map is contained in House Docu- ment No. 535, 78th Congress, 2d session. The existing project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Modification of the previously approved plan to include the channel improvement items was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved Decem- ber 22, 1944. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required for the construction of the reservoir unit. The provisions of section 3 of the Flood Control Act of 1936, are applicable to the channel im- provements. Operations and results during fiscal year. Field surveys and explorations, and engineering studies were continued. Preparation of general design memorandum No. 1 and design memorandum No. 2 covering design of outlet works and access road for Rough River reservoir was completed in September 1953. The prepara- tion of construction plans was started for the outlet works and access road of the reservoir. The costs during the fiscal year were $40,683 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The general design memoran- dum No. 1 for Rough River reservoir and design memorandum No. 2 covering the outlet works and access road design were completed. Plans for construction of outlet works and access road were 94 percent completed at end of fiscal year. There has been no con- struction started on this project. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $129,677 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 935 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _i__ ___ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated- --. _ --- $50, 000 $32, 500 $131, 342 Co t - ----- -. .- -- --. 40,152 40,683 129,677 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_--- $1,584 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------_ --- --------- -------------------- , 1,584 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project --------------------------------- 9,238,658 17. VINCENNES, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. In Knox County, Ind., on the left bank of the Wabash River, 128 miles above the mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of 3.9 miles of earth levee, 0.5 mile of levee enlargement, 0.8 mile of concrete wall, 5 pumping plants, alteration of 3 railroad bridges and other necessary appurtenances. It will provide pro- tection for the city of Vincennes, Ind., against Wabash River floods equal to the maximum of record. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1954) is $4,210,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $285,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document 197, 80th Congress, 1st session. The existing project has been selected for construction under the additional authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation in accord- ance with the city council resolution were executed on November 28, 1951. Acquisition of rights-of-way for section A, parts 1 and 2 and section B, part 1 is completed and the remainder is under way. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of plans and specifications for construction of section B, part 1, were com- pleted and plans and specifications for section B, part 2, were started. Construction of section A, part 2, was completed, except for surging and testing wells, during fiscal year. Contract was awarded and construction was initiated on section B, part 1. De- sign studies were continued under contract by Baltimore & Ohio Railroad for the alteration of their bridge and approaches. The costs during the fiscal year were $515,498 for new work. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction was started in May 1952, and was 28 percent completed at the end of fiscal year. Construction of section A, part 1 and 2, was completed except surg- ing and testing wells on part 2. Section B, part 1, construction was 27 percent complete at end of year. Design studies for the alteration of B. & O.Railroad bridge and approaches were reported to be 15 percent complete. The work remaining consists of com- pletion of construction of section B, part 1, construction of section 936 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 B, part 2, construction of five pumping plants, the alterations of B. & O. R.R. bridge, Second Street bridge, C. & E.I. R.R. bridge, and P.C.C. & St. L. R.R. bridge. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,194,024 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: 40 Appropriated _ _ _ ,000 . $300, 000 $498, 000 $1, 200, 000 $2, 088,000 Cost .---------------- 17, 703 $30,862 100,934 510,305 515,498 1,194, 024 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------------ $257,092 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- 500,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------------------------------------------- 757,092 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ - - -- 1,622,000 18. BREVOORT LEVEE, WABASH RIVER, IND. Location. The Brevoort levee is located in Knox County, Ind. on the left bank of the Wabash River, 104.5 to 127.5 miles above the mouth, and on the right bank of the White River, 6.3 to 22.2 miles above its mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of earth levees consisting of the following features: Section I, approximately 16.2 miles in length, extending upstream from high ground at the Claypole Hills along the left bank of the Wabash River to a point approximately 3 miles above the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago & St. Louis Railway bridge across the Wabash River to St. Francisville, Ill.; section II, ap- proximately 5 miles in length, extending from the upstream end of section I along the left bank of the Wabash River to high ground near the southwest city limits of Vincennes, Ind.; section III, approximately 10.1 miles in length, extending upstream along the right bank of the White River from high ground at Claypole Hills to the downstream end of the Dicksburgh Hills and from the up- stream end of the Dicksburgh Hills to the right bank of the Deshee River diversion channel at its confluence with White River; section IV, approximately 4.6 miles in length, extending along the right bank of the Deshee River diversion channel from the upstream end of section III, to the Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroad embank- ment north of the Deshee River diversion channel bridge; section V, approximately 1.2 miles in length, extending from the upstream end of section IV along the north bank of the Deshee River to high ground near the Decker Road; one new pumping plant for the dis- posal of interior drainage; and appurtenant drainage structures. The project will provide protection for approximately 50,000 acres of overflow land, and the villages of Zigville, St. Thomas, Brevoorts, and Cathlinette Settlement against agricultural season floods. Flood stages equal to or in excess of the established pro- FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 937 tection grade may be expected to occur on an average of seven times in each 100-year period. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1954) is $2,090,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $250,000. The latest published map is contained in House Document 100, 73d Congress, 1st session. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work completed. Operations and results during fiscal year. Revision of opera- tion and maintenance manual was completed. Local interests per- formed routine maintenance of the project. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $980 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction work on the proj- ect was started in July 1938, and completed in September 1947. All completed parts of the levee are in good condition except for portions which are threatened by caving banks. The work re- maining to be done consists of strengthening a portion of the exist- ing levee along the Wabash River and alteration of one affected railroad bridge. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,230,873 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated . .$ -- - - -$45,000 -- - - ----$16,000 -- -- $1,230,873 Cost-__---- - $4,348 3,957 $972 3,969 $980 1,230,873 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project $---------------- 19. CAGLES MILL RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, IND. Location. The site of the Cagles Mill Dam is on Mill Creek, 2.8 miles above its entrance into Eel River, and 7 miles west of Clover- dale, Ind. It is in Putnam County, Ind., and is about 25 miles east of Terre Haute, Ind. The Cagles Mill Reservoir will extend up- stream about 11 miles and will lie in Putnam and Owen Counties, Ind. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a dam for flood control and recreation. It includes an earth and rockfill embankment with a maximum height of 150 feet and a length of 900 feet, an outlet tunnel through the right abutment with control gates and stilling basin and an opencut spillway through a low point in the left abutment. A permanent pool at elevation 636, having a capacity of 27,100 acre-feet and an area of 1,400 acres, is also included in the plan. The storage between elevations 636 and 704 amounting to 201,000 acre-feet, which is equivalent to 12.8 inches of runoff from the 295 square 938 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 miles of drainage area above the dam, is reserved for flood control. Also included in the project are the acquisition of necessary, lands, clearing the permanent pool area of all timber and brush, and the relocation of a section of State Highway 42 which will be affected by the reservoir. The estimated cost of new work (1953) is $4,121,000. The (1953) estimated annual cost of maintenance and operation is $31,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. The State of Indiana has undertaken the development and management of recreation facilities for use of the public in the reservoir area in accordance with license granted by the Secretary of the Army on January 17, 1952. Operations and results during fiscal year. Final settlements made for relocation of State Highway 42 and electric lines. Miscellaneous minor corrective measures were accomplished. Routine operations and maintenance was performed during the year. The costs during the fiscal year were $96,841 for new work and $24,427 for operation and maintenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1948 and was completed at the end of fiscal year 1953, except for minor items of work. The work remaining consists of making final payments for oil line relocation and ac- complishing other necessary minor items of work. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $4,100,662 for new work and $43,402 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated $2, 500, 000 -$83, 000 -$400, 000 -$19, 000 - - . $4, 121,000 Cost... 610, 559 869, 483 657, 078 653, 205 $96, 841 4,100, 662 Maintenance: Appropriated . ....---- . -------... ----------... ..--------------- 21,000 27,360 48,360 Cost ......., ----._.--- ... - ------------ --------... 18,975 24,427 43,402 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ ----- $10,837 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--_- 10,837 20. NEW HARMONY BRIDGE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, ILL. AND IND. Location. The New Harmony Bridge is located across the Wabash River at mile 51.5 above the mouth. The bank protection work is located in White County, Ill., and Posey County, Ind., along the Wabash River at and above the bridge. Existing project. The plan of improvement consists of bank protection and control works on the banks of the Wabash River to FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 939 arrest bank caving conditions which are endangering the safety of the bridge structure. The bridge supports United States Highway 460 and is the only highway across the Wabash River between Mount Carmel, Ill. (mile 96), and the mouth of this stream. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1954) is $663,000, the estimated non-Federal cost is $65,000. The existing project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. Local cooperation. The owners of the New Harmony Bridge have indicated willingness to fulfill these requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Work had not been started on the preparation of plans and specifications. Construction of the project had not been started. There have been no costs. 21. ROSICLARE, ILL. Location. In Hardin County, Ill., on the right bank of the Ohio River, 892 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 3,455 feet of earth levee, required sewer alter- ations, one pumping plant and other necessary appurtenances. The earth levee has an average height of 21 feet. Section I begins at a point about 200 feet northeast of the intersection of Second and Hopkinton Streets and extends 1,950 feet in a southwesterly direc- tion along the riverside of Second Street and parallel to the right bank of the Ohio River, crosses Willow Creek and thence in a southerly direction for 500 feet to high ground. Section II is 1,062 feet in length and crosses a low swale approximately 3,000 feet southwest of the city of Rosiclare. Protection will be provided for the city of Rosiclare and valuable mining properties and proces- sing plants west and southwest of the city against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1954) is $624,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $120,000. The latest published map is contained in Senate Document No. 125, 80th Congress, 2d session. The existing project was authorized in the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. Local cooperation. The city of Rosiclare adopted assurances of local cooperation on September 30, 1949. Acquisition of rights- of-way for the levee and appurtenances is completed. Ponding area has not been furnished. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preparation of op- erations and maintenance manual was completed during fiscal year. Dehumidification of the pumping plant was completed. A contract was awarded and completed for reconditioning of the flood protection works. The project was assigned to local interests for operation and maintenance on September 1, 1953, and routine maintenance was performed by them for the remainder of the year. There was no flood during the year which required operation 940 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $8,542 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started June 20, 1950, and was completed in September 1953. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $622,484 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ........ $250, 000 $385, 000 -..$5,000 -$5, 968 $624, 032 Cost-... 47,874 318, 595 $195, 331 52,142 8,542 622, 484 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954----------_ -- $1,548 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__ 1,548 22. PADUCAH, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. Paducah is located in McCracken County, Ky., on the left bank of the Ohio River, 934.4 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a system of levees and concrete flood walls, con- sisting of the following features: Section A, an earth levee 13,920 feet in length, extending from high ground south of United States Highway No. 60, near Levin Avenue along the bank of the Ohio River to the foot of Terrell Street; section B, unit 1, including 530 feet of new earth levee and 7,100 feet of concrete wall, unit 2, in- cluding 2,730 feet of new earth levee and 8,770 feet of concrete wall, and a barrier dam, 367 feet long, across Island Creek, the entire section extending from the upstream end of section A along the bank of the Ohio River to the foot of Mill Street; section C, and earth levee, 31,520 feet in length, extending from the up- stream end of section B in a general southerly direction to high ground north of the Illinois Central Railroad bridge over Bee Slough, 12 pumping plants for the disposal of interior drainage and appurtenant structures. The project provides protection for Paducah, Ky., against Ohio River floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1954) is $4,638,000, of which an amount not exceeding $160,000 may be applied to lands and damages; the estimated non-Federal cost is $202,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Local cooperation. On April 22, 1938, the President approved a waiver of 40 percent of the estimated cost of lands, easements, and rights-of-way under provisions of Section 1 of the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937. Rights-of-way for con- struction have been furnished in accordance with this waiver. FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 941 Acquisition of flowage easement in Bee Branch area outside levees is pending. The project was assigned to local interest for operation and maintenance as of July 15, 1949. Operations and results during fiscal year. The contract for de- humidification of pumping plants was completed during fiscal year. Routine maintenance was performed by local interests. There was no flood during the year which required operation of the project. The costs during fiscal year were $33,499 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was started in August 1939 and was completed in January 1950. Operations dur- ing subsequent floods revealed some deficiencies in performance of drainage works and pumping plants. This supplemental work was completed at the end of fiscal year 1953. Dehumidification of pumping plants is complete. The work remaining consists of re- medial work required on drainage facilities and final settlement for lands, easements, and rights-of-way upon decision of pending court cases and settlement of pending claim. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $4,377,818 from regular funds and $4,623 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $4,382,441 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 19541,includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to1950 New work: Appropriated .- $21, 300 $268, 498 - $86, 889 ... $4, 485,071 Cost -- 24, 624 9,296 $46,362 36,745 $33, 499 4,382,441 1 Includes $4, 623 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-__--------- $102,630 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------------------------------------------- 102,630 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ -------------------------------------- 152,929 23. REEVESVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, ILL. Location. The project is located in Pope, Massac, Johnson, and Pulaski Counties, Ill., in the Bay Creek-Cache River Valley. These streams form a connecting valley across the southern tip of the State of Illinois from the Ohio River at mile 910 on the east to mile 975 on the west. During high floods, backwater from the Ohio River overflows the flood plain of the Bay Creek-Cache River Valley. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of 2 levees, one known as the Reevesville levee and the other as the Cache River levee. The Reevesville levee begins at high ground about 1 mile north of Reevesville, Ill., and extends eastward to the double track main line of the Illinois Central Rail- road, thence continues in a general southerly direction for a dis- tance of 2 miles crossing the Golconda branch of the Illinois 942 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Central Railroad, thence east along the Bay Creek relief channel at a distance of about 200 to 800 feet from the right bank to State Highway 145, and thence in a southeasterly direction to high ground about 1,000 feet south of the Bay Creek relief channel. This levee is 4.9 miles long and has an average height of 11 feet. The Cache River levee begins at high ground on the right bank of the Post Creek cutoff approximately 700 feet upstream from the Chicago & Eastern Illinois Railroad crossing of this stream and parallels the old spoil bank levee for about 2,000 feet along Post Creek at a distance of about 150 feet, thence continues upstream along the landside of the spoil bank levee on the right bank of Forman floodway ending at the gravel road along the New York Central Railroad. The total length of the Cache River levee is 3.7 miles with an average height of 10 feet. In addition, the plan in- cludes a short levee about 550 feet long across a low swale a short distance east of Karnak, ll., and other appurtenant struc- tures., The project provides protection for the city of Reevesville, Ill., the urban centers of Belknap, Karnak, and Ullin, Ill., 7 smaller towns, 4 railroads, several miles: of main highways and 23,500 acres of tillable land, against Ohio River and Bay Creek floods equal to the 1937 flood (maximum of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The estimated Federal cost of new work (1954) is $600,300; the estimated non-Federal cost is $40,000. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. The reseeding of levee and repair to drainage structure was completed by contract during the year. Final settlement of the contract for construction of levee and appurtenances was made. Routine maintenance was performed by local interests on the project. There was no flood during the year requiring operation of the project. The costs during the fiscal year were $25,917 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started in July 1949, and was completed in September 1952. Local interests were assigned the operation and maintenance of the project on October 3, 1954. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $600,300 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fceal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .-------- $66, 700 -$170, 000 ........ $21,300 -$1, 700 $600, 300 Cost ---------------- 166,296 179, 542 $147,757 38, 211 25,917 600, 300 FLOOD CONTROLr-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 943 24. OHIO RIVER BASIN, LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, flood walls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Louisville, Ky., dis- trict. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, authorized the construction of the levees, flood walls, and drainage structures, for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of En- gineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st.. session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for construction, which was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Com- mittee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the authorization shall in- clude the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the pro- tection of the area north of the Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the sum of $45,000,000 for the further prosecution of the compre- hensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the sum of $70,000,000 for the further prosecution of the approved comprehensive flood control plan for the Ohio River Basin. This act modified the previous plan within the Louisville District to include the plan of improvement for flood control and other pur- poses in the Kentucky River Basin in accordance with recom- mendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 504, 78th Congress, 2d session, flood protection works at Taylorsville, Ky., and on Rough River and tributaries, Kentucky, in accordance with recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in Senate Docu- ment No. 105, 78th Congress, 1st session, and House Document No. 535, 78th Congress, 2d session, respectively. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the sum of $125,000,000 for further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin, modified within the Louisville district to include the plan of improvement for flood control in the Wabash River Basin, Ill., and Ind., substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 197, 80th Con- gress, 1st session, and the West Fork Reservoir on the West Fork of Mill Creek in Ohio, substantially in accordance with recom- mendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 198, 80th Congress, 1st session. 944 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 In addition to previous authorizations, the Flood Control Act ap- proved May 17, 1950, authorized the sum of $100,000,000 for further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended. This act modified the comprehen- sive plan within the Louisville district to include necessary bank stabilization measures at the New Harmony Bridge, Indiana and Illinois at an estimated cost of $500,000. Also included in the act was the provision that the Mining City Dam and Reservoir, Ky., and alternates therefor, shall not be constructed if such construc- tion would have any adverse effect on Mammoth Cave National Park. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Louisville, Ky., district: Local protection projects Estimated cost Location 1 Type ofprotection Total Federal Non- Federal Adams Levee, Ind. (Wabash River).... Levee- .... __ .-- - $233, 000 $13, 000 $246,000 Alton, Ind-..... .------.-----------------.do-............._ 255, 000 40, 000 295, 000 Augusta, Ky ...... _ ...----------- Wall and levee.......... 1, 220, 000 620, 000 1, 840, 000 Aurora, Ind-....----------------------- ... do...__-............ 4, 300, 000 1,190, 000 5,490, 000 Barnett 2Creek, Ky. (Rough River Channel improvement._ 118,000 18, 000 100, 000 Basin). 5 Bellevue, Ky- .. . Wall and levee ......... 1, 570, 000 400, 000 1, 970, 000 Bonpas Creek, Ill. (Wabash River Channel improvement__ 478, 000 240, 000 718, 000 Basin). Bromley, Ky-.......................--- Wall and levee ........ 1, 250, 000 925, 000 2,175, 000 Brookport, Il.6... prt I.,_,----_----------_ --- .... _...do_.............. 608, 000 10, 000 618, 000 California (Cincinnati), Ohio.........__ ..- do --............... 1, 750, 000 720, 000 2, 470, 000 Cannelton, Ind.....----------.......-------- --- d o ---. .- .-- 1, 930, 000 ..----- 40, 000 1, 970, 000 Carrollton, Ky__...-------------------- Levdo... .__.do_.......... ... . . 2, 220, 000 97, 000 2,317, 000 Caseyville, Ky ..-------------- ------- Levee__. 396, 000 35, 000 431, 000 Cave-in-Rock, Ill_..- ___-----__----_ _do..........--.... 661, 000 125, 000 786, 000 Chilo, Ohio....--....------------------------ Wall and levee ..... - 899, 000 120, 000 I, 019, 000 Cin cinn ati, Oh io 2.. . .......... ....... Wall and barrier dam -_ 9, 977, 760 1,027, 600 11, 005, 360 Cincinnati, Ohio (Unit 2)-....__........ Wall and levee_......___ 16, 800, 000 2, 900, 000 19, 700, 000 Cincinnati, Ohio (Unit 4 remainder).... W all................. 4, 900, 000 621, 000 15, 521, 000 Cleves, Ohio-...----------------------- Levee__ 1, 240, 000 67, 000 1, 307, 000 Clinton, Ind. (Wabash River)........... . ..- do..... .... . . . 77, 000 9, 000 86, 000 Cloverport, Ky ..................... Wall and levee .......... 728, 000 193, 000 921, 000 Concordia, Ky...........--------------------- 2- - Levee_-_----- 590, 000 55, 000 645, 000 Covington, Ky. ... ..... .. Wall and levee ........ 7, 550, 000 765, 000 8, 315, 000 Dayton, Ky-------------------... Wall and levee ..... ___ 3, 700, 000 1, 110, 000 4, 810, 000 Deer Creek, Prairie Levee, Ind. (Wa- Levee_ .. .. 153, 000 9,000 162, 000 bash River). Delphi, Ind. (Wabash River) 86........ 144, 563 -do............... 10, 000 154, 563 Derby, Ind....----..--------------------- Wall and levee........ 553, 000 67, 000 620, 000 Dover, Ky--....------------------- Levee___- - -- - - - - 648, 000 585, 000 1, 233, 000 .. Elizabethtown, Ill ___...----------- Wall and levee......... 559, 000 153, 000 712, 000 England Pond Levee, Ill. (Wabash Levee-- 534, 000 30, 000 564, 000 River). Evansville, Ind....------------------- Wall and levee ._-_ .. 11, 100, 000 1, 690, 000 12, 790, 000 Fletcher and Sunshine Gardens Levee, Levee .................. 395, 000 24, 000 419, 000 Ind. (Wabash River Basin). Frankfort, Ky. (Kentucky River)-...... Wall and levee......... 2, 930, 000 1, 110, 000 4, 040, 000 Golconda, Ill.4.......................... do..... 487, 107 -.... 29, 820 516, 927 Grandview Ind ...... .. ........ Levee ...... 580, 000 133, 000 713, 000 Greenfield Bayou Levee, Ind. (Wabash ..... do ................. 1, 530, 000 265, 000 1, 795, 000 River). Harrisburg, Ill......................... Wall and levee ..... __ 849, 656 20, 000 656 869, Hawesville, Ky._______....................... Levee................ .. 970, 000 68, 000 1, 038,000 Higginsport, Ohio--...-----.............----.... Wall and levee......... 944, 000 320, 000 1,264, 000 Honey Creek Levee, Ind. (Wabash Levee................... 653, 000 32,000 685, 000 River). Island Levee, Ind. (Wabash River)..... Levee .................. 1, 240, 000 226, 000 1, 466, 000 Jackson, Ky. (Kentucky River 2 Basin)- Cut-off channel-........ 260, 000 3, 000 263, 000 Jeffersonville-Clarksville, Ind.'........ Wall and levee......... 4, 196, 600 590, 888 4, 787,488 Lawrenceburg, Ind..................... ....do.....- 2, 433, 414 284, 725 2, 718, 139 Leavenworth, Ind.....---.............. Wall and levee..... 1, 470, 000 266, 000 1, 736, 000 Levee Unit 1, Eel River, Ind. (Wabash Levee................... 204, 000 40, 000 244,000 River Basin). FLOOD CONTROL-LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 945 Local protection projects--Continued Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection No- Total Federal Non- Federal Levee Unit 2, Eel River, Ind. (Wabash Levee _________________ 2, 090, 000 715, 000 2, 805, 000 River Basin). Levee Unit 1, Little Wabash River, Ill. .. .do___ 2, 060, 000 153, 000 2, 213, 000 (Wabash River Basin). Levee Unit 2, Little Wabash River, Ill. ..... do - 1, 320, 000 70, 000 1,390, 000 (Wabash River Basin). Levee Unit 6, Wabash River, Ill. (Wa- ...do. . 1, 160, 000 56, 000 1,216, 000 bash River Basin). Levee Unit 17, Wabash River, Ind. ..... do----- 614, 000 53, 000 667, 000 (Wabash River Basin). Levee Unit 1, White River, Ind. (Wa- . .do .. .. .. . .. .. 1, 560, 000 105, 000 1, 665, 000 bash River Basin). Levee Unit 2, White River, Ind. (Wa- do 518, 000 67, 000 585, 000 bash River Basin). Levee Unit 7, White River, Ind. (Wa- 1, 070, 000 80, 000 1,150, 000 bash River Basin). Lew isport, K y ------------------------ Wall and levee .--- _-- 448, 000 220, 000 668,000 Louisville, Ky. _................. ___ -- do------------- 26, 659, 000 2, 500, 000 29, 159, 000 Ludlow, Ky ---.....--------------- ---- do--..----------- 2, 540, 000 745, 000 3, 285, 000 Madison Ind .---------- ---do ...... 3, 820, 000 360, 000 4, 180, 000 Mason I. Niblack Levee, Ind. (Wa- Levee .. ...---------- 2, 530, 000 226, 000 000 2, 756, bash River). Mauckport, Ind..----------.----- -do------------ 506, 000 105, 000 611, 000 McGinnis Levee, Ind. (Wabash River ---. do ----------- 1, 820, 000 104, 000 1,924, 000 Basin). Metropolis, Ill-_ ._..........-...- . Wall and levee .- _-___. 3, 070, 000 431, 000 3,501,000 Milton, Ky .....-----.-------------- W all ...... ............ 2, 480, 000 41, 000 2, 521, 000 Moscow, Ohio....---------------------- 2 Levee __---------- 1,.170, 000 372, 000 1, 542, 000 New Albany, Ind. Wall and levee -__-- 5, 363, 000 740, 000 6, 103, 000 New Amsterdam, Ind_-- Levee-------------- 476, 000 13, 000 489, 000 New Harmony Bridge, Ill. and Ind. __ Bank protection ...... 663, 000 65, 000 728, 000 New Harmony, Ind. (Wabash River)__ Levee-------------- 616, 000 25, 000 641, 000 New Richmond, Ohio_______ Wall and levee ........ 3, 200, 000 720, 000 3, 920, 000 Newport, Ky.............------ --- .do.........--- ......--- 7, 251, 000 299, 000 7, 550, 000 Owensboro, Ky 2 ........--------------- .. ..do - .... .... .... 886, 000 195, 000 1, 081, 000 Paducah, Ky. . do ........------------- 4, 638, 000 202,000 4;840, 000 Patriot, Ind---....--------------------- Levee..........-------------- 753, 000 372, 000 1, 125, 000 Prestonville, K y ----------------------- Wall and levee- ... _. 1, 710, 000 55, 000 1, 765, 000 Raccoon Levee, Ind. (Wabash River) _ Levee------........--------- 307, 000 33, 000 340, 000 Reevesville, Ill. (Cache River) 2 8 do__-------- 600, 300 40, 000 640, 300 Ripley, Ohio-------.------------------ Wall and levee------ . 1,940, 000 810, 000 2, 750, 000 Rising Sun, Ind__ --- do .... 896, 000 000 280, 1,:: 000 l176, Rochester and McCleary's Bluff Levee, Levee_-------------- 830, 000 110, 000 940, 000 Ill. (Wabash River). Rockport, Ind------------------ Wall and levee ......--- 466, 000 133, 000 599, 000 Rome, Ind...... ----------------- ...-- Levee--------- 359, 000 67, 000 426, 000 Rough River, Ky. (Rough River) 2 5___ Channel improvement.. 780, 000 4, 000 784, 000 Russell and Allison Levee, Ill. (Wabash Levee_----_---- - 3, 830, 000 1, 890, 000 5, 720, 000 River). Shawneetown, Ill______ Wall and levee...___- _ 1, 810, 000 361, 000 2, 171, 000 Shufflebarger Levee, Ind. (Wabash Levee-------------- 2, 380, 000 90, 000 2, 470, 000 River Basin). Smithland, Ky..______________________ Wall and levee .-...... 864, 000 414, 000 1, 278, 000 Sturgis, Ky. (Tradewater River) - ... Levee - 578, 000 69, 000 647, 000 Sugar-Creek Levee, Ind. (Wabash ----- d o ._... .. .. ..- . 304, 000 27, 000 331, 000 River). Taylorsville, Ky. 4 (Salt River).4......... _ do - 373, 050 63, 310 436, 360 Tell City, Ind. ._.___.. ... ........ Wall and levee---- .. 897, 661 32, 710 930, 371 T olu, K y............................... Levee ...... 303, 000 35, 000 338, 000 Tri Pond Levee, Ill. (Wabash River)___ ----- d o ........... ...... 863, 000 70, 000 933, 000 Troy, Ind.....----------------------- Wall and levee--__-____ 502, 000 133, 000 635, 000 6 Uniontown, Ky. Levee--- 1,075, 000 72, 200 1, 147, 200 Utica, Ind............................ .. .do..... 1, 570, 000 120, 000 S'1, 690, 000 Vevay, Ind.. _........_ - __--- 2 1, 170, 000 146, 000 '1316, 000 Vincenfnes, Ind. (Wabash River). __... Wall and levee_---- ... 4, 210, 000 285, 000 4 495, 000 West Point, Ky -.. .. . .....do . . -. - 1, 480, 000 290, 000 1, 770, 000 Westport, Ky_. _ __ Wall_ 1,610, 000 41, 000 1, 651, 000 West TerreHaute, Ind. (Wabash River) Levee- 383, 000 93, 000 476, 000 Wilder, Ky _ __---------- Wall and levee .--.... 2, 190, 000 220, 000 410, 000 I ! I 1 All projects are located on the Ohio River unless otherwise noted. 2 Details of this project are given in individual report. SSubstitute project for Bellnap, Karnak, and Ullin, Ill. 4Complete. See Annual Report for 1952 for last report showing details. 5 Part of Rough River Reservoir and channel improvement project, Kentucky. Details of this project are given in individual report. 6 Complete. See Annual Report for 1953 for last report showing details. 946 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Reservoirs Tributary basin Total and reservoir Stream estimated cost Great Miami River: Brookville, Ind --------------------.. East Fork of Whitewater River-----------.. $15, 800, 000 Metamora, Ind- _ - - West Fork of Whitewater River-..-.._ _- 35, 300, 000 Green River: Mining City, Ky .......... .. ..- Green River .--------------------------- 69,100, 000 Nolin, Ky......------------------------ Nolin River----------- 14, 300, 000 No. 2, Barren, Ky---------------------- Barren River...--------------------------- 19, 323, 000 No. 2, Green, Ky -....---.... River ---------...--.---------------- G--Green 6, 800000 . Rough, Ky....................... ... . Rough River----- -.------- -------- 8, 490,000 Kentucky River: Booneville, Ky _ South Fork of Kentucky River.----------- 17, 000 000 Buckhorn, Ky . .... . Middle Fork of Kentucky River ......... 7,020,000 Jessamine Creek, Ky . .. Kentucky River ---------- . - ------ 46, 900,000 Licking River: Cave Run, Ky . ... Licking River -------------------------. 13, 900, 000 Falm outh, Ky-----------------------........ do .. ... .. ... .. .. .. ... .. ... .-.. 25, 800 000 Little Miami River: Caesar Creek Ohio ................--- Caesar Creek----..---------------- -----. 6, 190, 000 East Fork, Ohio .. . East Fork.------------------------------ 9,130, 000 Mill Creek: fWest Fork, Ohio' r _ West Fork of Mill Creek......... -........ 2, 981,700 Wabash River: Cagles Mill Ind..... .. ... Mill Creek---..-..------------------------- 4, 121, 000 Mansfield, Ind_ -..... .... . -____- Raccoon Creek-------------------------- 5,680,000 1Details of this project are given in individual report. 'Non-Federal cost is $520,801 additional. ' See Annual Report for 1950 for last report showing details. Part of Rough River Reservoir and channel improvements project, Kentucky. Details of this project are given in individual reports. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of surveys, explorations, and engineering studies required for the preparation of detailed plans and general design memoranda. The costs during the fiscal year were $23,074 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Surveys, explorations, engineer- ing studies and preparation of detailed plans were well advanced on those units in the general comprehensive plan for flood control in the Ohio River Basin which are under consideration for con- struction in the near future. The status of projects selected for construction under this authorization is given in individual re- ports. The total costs to the end of fiscal year were $1,487,178. Cost and financial summary New work: Appropriated ...- _. -$610,000 Cost-_--------------. 100,440 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 _ $4,861 -------------- Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----- -- 70,000 Unobligated balances, available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------- ---------------- --------------------- 74,861 FLOOD CONTROL--LOUISVILLE, KY., DISTRICT 947 25. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete' for- maintenance 1. Anderson, White River, Ind._........... _ 1940 $5, 724........... $548, 276 2. Brookport, Ohio River Basin, Ill............ 1953 592, 522 ......-..-... 14; 978 3. Delphi, Ohio River Basin, Ind., (Wabash 1953 144,563 .............. (s) River). 4. Emergency bank protection (Sec. 14 of the 1952 S106, 816 .............. (a) 1946 Flood Control Act). 5. Evansville, Ohio River Basin, Ind.... 1953 2, 227, 556 ........... 8, 872, 500 6: Flood Control Emergencies Repair and flood 1953 417, 600 () fighting and reserve work. (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). 7. Gill Township Levee Unit, Wabash River, 1948 561, 200 ............. (3) Ind. 8. Golconda, Ohio River Basin, Ill.......... 1952 487, 108 .............. (8) 9. Harrisburg, Ohio River Basin, Ill............ 1952 849, 656 ............. (8) 10. Indianapolis, Ind.' ____ __ ._,____- 1953 1, 859, 363------- 11. Lawrenceburg, Ohio River Basin, Ind..... 1953 2, 433, 414 12. Levee Unit No. 3, East Fork of White River, 1938 275........... 2, 639, 725 Ind.' 13. Levee Unit No. 1, Wabash River, Ill.11........ 1938 3, 230, 000 14. Levee Unit No. 2, Wabash River, Ind.'...... 1938 2, 920, 000 15. Levee Unit Nos. 3 and 4, Wabash River, Ill. 1938 216........... 6, 469, 784 and Ind. 16. Levee Unit No. 5, Wabash River Ind.'...... 1952 88,368 -- --- -- - 8, 051, 632 17. Levee Unit No. 8, White River, fInd......... 1952 700, 534 .............. (3) 18. Levee Unit No. 9, White River, Ind........ 1939 21, 700 19. Levee Unit No. 10, White River, Ind.2...... 1939 155, 000 20. Logansport, Wabash River Ind. .......... 1939 2, 440, 000 21. Lyford Levee Unit, Wabash River, Ind..... 1944 267, 391 .............. (s) 22. Muncie, Ind................................ 1952 880, 652 ............. 27,348 23. Orleans, Ind................................ 1952 1 922 309, 000 24. Peru, Wabash River, Ind.2................. 1951 _ 1,922............... -. 7, 258, 078 25. Saylersville, Licking River, Ky.. ........... 1946 12,000 ............ 604, 000 26. Shoals, East Fork of White River, Ind.2..... 1938 543, 000 27. Small Flood Control Projects not specifically 1953 70, 304 ............. (s) authorized by Congress (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). 28. Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood con- 1953 26,569 -- .. . (s) trol (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act). 29. Taylorsville, Ohio River Basin, Ky. (Salt River). 1952 6 373, 050 -............ (') 30. Tell City. Ohio River Basin, Ind............ 1952 897, 661-............. (a) 31. Terre Haute, Wabash River, Ind.7........... 1938 199, 000 32. Uniontown, Ky_............................ 1953 1,066, 506 .............. 8, 494 33. Wabash, Wabash River, Ind.2.............. 1938 ..............---.....-.-.... 872, 000 1Revised in 1954. 2 Awaiting local cooperation. s Completed. ' Partially completed. Awaiting local cooperation. 5Partially completed. Remaining construction suspended. 6 In addition, contributed funds in the amount of $5,000 were expended. 7 Partially completed by Works Progress Administration. 26. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost for examinations and surveys for the fiscal year amounted to $27,351. Funds available in fiscal year 1955 will be applied to the preparation of 1 naviga- tion study (survey) and 6 flood control studies (5 surveys-i pre- liminary examination). Collection and study of basic data. Collection and study of basic data during the year consisted principally of annual revision of the flood emergency plan, miscellaneous hydrologic studies re- lating to river and harbor flood control work, and study of stream gaging equipment program. Cost for the fiscal year was $8,482. Funds available in fiscal year 1955 will be applied to the collection and study of basic data. 948 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will maintain and operate certain local protection projects after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District engineers are responsible for the adminis- tration of these regulations within the boundaries of their respec- tive districts. The (1953) estimate of the annual cost of this work in the Louisville District is $16,000. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of completed units of 25 projects transferred to local interests for maintenance and operation. Local interests were advised, as neces- sary, of measures required to maintain these projects in accord- ance with standards prescribed by the regulations. The cost during the fiscal year was $13,605 for maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $51,838, all for maintenance. Cost and financial sumn'lary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated .....------------------.. $11, 500 $12, 000 $16, 000 $14, 700 $54, 200 Cost-----------------......... 10,964 11,456 15,812 13,605 51,837 28. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood Control Emergencies--Repairand flood fighting and res- cue work. (Sec. 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Operations during the fiscal year consisted of completion of con- struction of emergency repairs performed by contract to the Greenfield Bayou Levee, Wabash River, Ind., which were made necessary by caving banks. The costs during the fiscal year were $6,460 for maintenance work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- SI ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Mair IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT This district embraces those portions of the States of Ohio, Ken- tucky, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania lying in the drainage basins of the Ohio River and tributaries, from about mile 109 between Captina Island and Powhatan Point, Ohio, to about mile 409.3 immediately downstream from Aberdeen, Ohio, a distance of about 300.3 miles, including the following streams im- proved for slack-water navigation: Ohio River, with its locks and dams 14 to 23, inclusive, Gallipolis locks and dam, and locks and dams 27 to 33, inclusive; Muskingum River, Ohio; Little Ka- nawha River, W. Va.; Kanawha River, W. Va., Big Sandy River, W. Va., and Ky., including Levisa and Tug Forks. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Construction of locks and dams, 13. Bluestone Reservoir, Ohio Ohio River .... .... ......... 949 -River Basin, W. Va.......... 967 2. Ohio River open channel work.. 949 14. Sutton Reservoir, Ohio River 3. Muskingum River, Ohio..... 949 Basin, W. Va ........ ...... 969 4. Kanawha River, W. Va............ 952 15. Huntington, Ohio River Basin, 5. Inactive navigation projects .. 956 W . Va......... . ....... 970 16. Dewey Reservoir, Ohio River Flood Control Basin, Ky ...... 971 17. Ashland, Ohio River Basin, Ky__ 972 6. Massillon, Ohio River Basin, 18. Portsmouth-New Boston, Ohio O hio ... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .. 956 River Basin, Ohio............ 973 7. Muskingum River Reservoirs, 19. Delaware Reservoir, Ohio River O hio ............. ............. ............ 958 Basin, Ohio . _... 974 ....-..... 8. Newark, Ohio River Basin, 20. Maysville, Ohio River Basin, Ohio . - 962 K y. .. ...... 975 ... ........... ...... 9. Dillon Reservoir, Ohio River 21. Ohio River Basin, Huntington Basin, Ohio.......... 962 District .. .... ................... 977 10. Roseville, Ohio River Basin, 22. Inactive flood control projects_ 981 O hio - - - - - - - - - --..........-- 963 23. General Investigations ... 981 11. Parkersburg, Ohio River Basin, 24. Inspection of completed proj- W. Va ...................................... 964 e c ts ........... .... 981 .- ....- 12. Tom Jenkins Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ohio. __. __...... 965 1. CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS, OHIO RIVER For report on this improvement, see page 869. 2. OHIO RIVER OPEN CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 875. 3. MUSKINGUM RIVER, OHIO Location. The Muskingum River, 112.45 miles in length, and lying entirely in the State of Ohio, is formed by the junction of the Walhonding and Tuscarawas Rivers at Coshocton,' Ohio, flows in a southerly direction and empties into the Ohio River at Marietta, Ohio, 172.2 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. 949 950 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Existing project. This authorized the taking over, restoration, maintenance, and operation of the State works and plant to provide slack-water navigation between lock 1, at Marietta, Ohio, and Dresden, Ohio, a distance of 92.85 miles. Navigation is afforded by 11 locks and dams and 4 short lateral canals. The maximum depth which it is now possible to maintain without extensive improve- ment is 4.5 feet, although in certain portions 5.5 feet is available. Above the site of the old lock 11 the minimum depth actually main- tained is 2 feet. The navigable depth between lock 1 and the mouth, a distance of 0.25 mile, is provided by dam 18, Ohio River; and by dredging. The original estimate of cost of restoring the dams taken over from the State of Ohio was $200,000. To this was added later the construction of a new lock and dam 11, at a cost of about $143,000, the repair and extension of a levee at dam 10, and some minor work, the net total expended from specific appropriations having been $301,912. The construction of a new lock 1 was done in con- nection with the construction of an ice harbor as part of the Ohio River improvement and was not a part of this project. Operating and care of the locks and dams were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act approved June 26, 1934. An index map of Muskingum River is printed in House Document 251, 78th Congress, 1st session. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 For taking over from the State of Ohio the locks and H. Ex. Doc. 48, 49th Cong., 1st dams then in existence (1 to 10) and the restoration sess. (Annual Report, 1886, p. of these works by the United States. 1551). Mar. 3, 1905 Construction of lock and dam 11 and the extension of H. Doc. 241, 58th Cong., 2d sess. the levee at lock 10 and for other work of minor importance. June 26, 1934 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. ' Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. The following table gives the characteristies of the' locks and dams: Mi ukingum River Lock Dam Li -4 Dimensions Lock Upper Lower When and Location (nearest sill sill com- Total dam town, all in Ohio) Miles Great- below below Lift Type of construction pleted cost 1 from Width est upper lower (feet) Foundation Foundation (all fixed dams) mouth (clear) avail- pool pool (feet) able (feet) (feet) length (feet) SI I I I r - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - I- 1 - -- - -4 1 2 M arietta -___. Devols............. ..__- 0.25 5.79 55. 8 35. 8 179 160 7.58 6.00 11.56 5.56 4.292 10. 76 Piles in sand and gravel_ Sand and gravel ........ Rock-filled timber crib__ Rock -................... Rock................ .... do....---------------- 1890 a $327, 500 1840 91, 000 z 3 Lowell ______ - 13. 60 35. 8 160 7.07 5.91 14. 19 Piles in gravel-. ....... do........- -- ..... do.....----------- 1840 -- 160,000 4 Beverly 4.......... 24. 60 35. 2 160 6.00 5. 61 9.32 Gravel ............ Rock and gravel_----_-_ .... do....---------------. 1840 122, 000 5 Luke Chute.-------- 34. 12 35. 8 160 6.00 5. 66 10. 76 Rock....------ .....do ...... ....... __do....---------------- . 1840 91, 000 H 6 Stockport-.......... 40.17 35. 8 160 6.00 5.20 12. 33 do .. .. .. -..... - --- Rock ....... . ... . -.-- do---------------.. . 1840 88,000 z 0J 7 8 McConnellsville 4. _ Rokeby lock-........ 49. 40 57. 45 35. 8 35. 9 160 160 6.01 8.00 5.43 5. 55 10.10 10. 96 ...do___ Piles and grillage ....... Rock and gravel....... ..... do.....---------------- 1840 Piles in sand and gravel. .... do ..---------------- 1840 127, 000 90, 000 zH rd 9 Philo.............. 68.56 35.8 160 8.00 5.22 11.01 R ock ................... Rock ------------------ -.. do-..... -........ -. 1891 5 86, 000 10 Zanesville 4 e-.... 76. 60 35.4 156.5 6.30 1 7.09 15.43 Rock and gravel --._ . .. Soft rock.....-------- .. do..--------------1840 127, 000 158. 5 12.30 11 8.96 11.757 Ellis .. . .- - . 85. 92 36.0 160 l4.96 }6.67 1 7.758 }Piles in sand and gravel_ (0)...--. ........ -------------- 1910 10 Concrete_ 143, 285 -4 ------ -- H 1Cost to the United States, $301,912, exclusive of cost of lock and dam 1, which was 6 Double lock; flight of 2 tandem. -4 constructed under the Ohio River project. 7 Dam equipped with Boule movable-crest gates, 4 feet high. 2Normal lift above normal pool of dam 18, Ohio River. Lock 1 has intermediate gate; S Crest of fixed part. 0 only lower chamber usable. 9 150 feet of dam aljacent to lock on piles in sand and gravel. Remainder of dam, in- Hf s Replaced an older look on opposite side of river. eluding pier and abutment, on rocks. Lateral canal between dam and lock. 10Replaced an older lock and dam located 2.6 miles farther upstream. a Replaced an older lock constructed in 1840 at lower end of lateral canal, which was also abandoned. 952 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. One yard for unloading sand and gravel is situated at mile 0.2. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: Lock and dam 1, only, was operated by the Fed- eral Government to meet the needs of existing commerce. The cost of maintenance during the fiscal year was $8,856. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1910. The locks and dams are in fair to poor condition. General commercial navigation on the waterway has declined to the extent that Federal expenditures for continued operation of this waterway is no longer justified. Accordingly, operations at locks 2 to 11, inclusive, were discontinued as of midnight June 30, 1952, while operations at lock 1 were discontinued as of midnight June 30, 1954, and all locks placed in a standby status. Lock and dam 10 is being operated and maintained by the city of Zanesville in connection with utilizing the waters of the river as a source of water supply. The channel is not being maintained. For details of locks and dams, see table under paragraph "existing project." The total Federal cost under the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $2,478,210, of which $301,912 was for new work, and $2,176,298 was for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $3,995,356 was expended between April 7, 1887, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provi- sions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Also, in addition $5,663 for operation and care was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 1950 1951 1952 1953 1ing 1954 30, 1954, includ- fiscal years prior to 19501 New work: A ppropriated ..... .-- I $301912 Cost-- ------- -- --------------. 301,912 Maintenance: Appropriated ... - -- $151, 900 $271, 100 -$157,818 $275, 500 $9,300 6 175 368 Cost--. ----- 107,117 100,012 69,037 280,862 8,856 6,171,654 1In addition $5,663 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 4. KANAWHA RIVER, W. VA. Location. This river, 97 miles in length, is formed by the junc- tion of the New and Gauley Rivers, a short distance above Kanawha Falls, W. Va., flows in a general northwesterly direction, and empties into the Ohio River at Point Pleasant, W. Va. Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1873, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875 (Annual Report for 1875, pt. 2, pp. 90-98). For further details see page 1913, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1309, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The existing project provides for three dams on the Kanawha River, with twin locks having usable dimensions RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 953 of 56 by 360 feet, and one dam on the Ohio River near Gallipolis, Ohio, with one lock 110 by 600 feet and one lock 110 by 360 feet, to furnish a 9-foot navigable depth from the mouth to a point 90.57 miles above. The cost for new work for the existing project as completed was $22,872,770. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $406,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Replacement of old locks and dams 2 to 5, inclusive, H. Doc. 190, 70th Cong., 1st sess. by construction of 2 new dams and dredging. June 26, 19341 Operating and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 19352 Replacement of old locks and dams 6 to 11, inclusive, H. Doc. 31, 73d Cong., 1st sess.3 by construction of 1 new dam on the Kanawha River and 1 new dam on the Ohio River below mouth of the Kanawha River, and pertinent work. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains latest published maps. The following table gives the characteristics of the locks and dams: Kanawha River Lock Available depth Location dimensions over miter sills at normal pool levels 'Great- Lift at Year est normal Character of Type of construction of Cost of M Lock Dis- avail- pool foundation Kind of dam of dam com- locks and tance able Width levels pletion dams 1 Nearest town above length (feet) (feet) Upper Lower mouth of (feet) (feet) (miles) cham- 0 ber (feet) C) London 2... London, W. Va ----------........ 82.76 360 56 24 18 12 Rock .....----------...Roller gates-..... Concrete movable crest. 1934 $3, 269, 828 Marmet 2._ Marmet (Belle), W. Va...__ 67.75 360 456 24 18 12 ..... do........... ..... do-.........._ ... do - -................. 1934 3, 565, 947 Winfield 2._ Winfield (Red House), 31. 12 360 4 56 28 18 12 ..... do-.....-.........do--...............do ................. 1937 6,340, 076 W. Va. 0 Gallipolis Gallipolis, Ohio----------- () ( 360 110 26 18 12 do.....do........... do... .... do................. 1937 9, 696,919 z 1 Includes cost of flowage easements. s 14 miles below Point Pleasant, W. Va., on the Ohio River. 2Hydroelectric plant, licensed by Federal Power Commission, at this site. 4Two locks each, 56 feet by 360 feet. z +1, 0s RIVERS AND HARBORS-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 955 Local cooperation. Under license 1175, issued by the Federal Power Commission, the Kanawha Valley Power Co. has con- structed hydroelectric plants at London and Marmet locks and dams, a license fee of $32,000 per annum having been fixed for each site. The Kanawha Valley Power Co. has also constructed a hydro- electric plant at Winfield locks and dam, under license 1290, a license fee of $40,000 per annum having been fixed. Terminal facilities. The public terminal facilities consist of a paved landing at Charleston, W. Va. Numerous coal tipples, owned by private interests, exist, available for use only to the owners for loading into barges the coal mined by them. Other privately owned facilities are as follows: Two coal unloading terminals at Belle, 1 at Glasgow and 1 at Cabin Creek; 11 gasoline and oil unloading stations at Boomer, Cabin Creek, Charleston, North Charleston, South Charleston, and St. Albans; 2 docks at Nitro for handling acid; 2 docks at South Charleston and 1 at Nitro for unloading sulphur; 9 terminals at Belle, North Charleston, South Charleston, and Institute for handling chemicals; a terminal at Alloy generally used for unloading coke; 1 dock each at Riverside and Sattes for handling scrap metal; and a sand and gravel unloading terminal at Charleston. The terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: The audit of real estate acquisitions in the Marmet and Winfield pools was completed. This concluded, in all respects, work authorized under, the paragraph "existing project." Operation and maintenance, general. The locks and dams were operated as required, and necessary repairs and improvements were made thereto, and to the appurtenant structures and grounds. Channel work consisting of periodic inspections and snagging oper- ations was conducted as required and miscellaneous administrative functions pertinent to navigation were carried on throughout the year. The total cost for the fiscal year, all from regular funds, was $463,156, of which $152 was for new work and $463,004 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was commenced in 1931 and completed in 1937. At the end of fiscal year 1954, all flowage easements required had been pro- cured, final records and reports had been prepared, and the exist- ing project was complete in all respects. All structures are in oper- ation and available depth for navigation is 9 feet from the mouth of the river to the head of the improvement. Above the improved portion of the river, the minimum depth in the channel is less than 1 foot. For details of the locks and dams, see table under paragraph "existing project." 956 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The total cost, all funds, to the end of the fiscal year for the existing project was as follows: Class of work Regular Public works Emergency Total funds funds Relief funds New work _ _.__-. .---- . ..------$9,369,334 $9, 004,800 $4, 498,636 $22, 872,770 Operation and maintenance, general -..- 4,499, 625 . ------------ 4,499, 625 Total ....... ____________________ ... 13,868,959 9,004,800 4,498,636 27, 372, 395 In addition, surplus property valued at $4,546 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. In addition, the sum of $5,159,879 was expended between July 1884, and June 30, 1936, on the operation and care of the work of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite ap- propriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to'June 30, 1954, includ- . ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated- -- -$320, 000 -$80, 000 ..----------- -$10,900 ..------------ 2 $27, 167, 382 Cost.------------- -1,229 5,490 $3,399 343 $152 227,167,382 Maintenance: Appropriated 326, 000 293,400 285, 500 320, 314 461,100 9, 692, 433 Cost ...-- 346,502 303797 288,117 309, 246 463,004 9,659, 504 Includes $4,294,612 for new work and $3,883,513 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $4, 498, 636 Emergency Relief funds and $9, 004,800 Public Works funds. 3 In addition, surplus property valued at $4,546 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. 5. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS For last Cost to June 30, 1954 Estimated full report amount Name of project see required annual Con- Operation to report struction and complete for- maintenance 1. Big Sandy River, W. Va. and Ky., including 1952 $1, 586, 236 1 $1, 471, 299 (2) Levisa and Tug Forks 2. Elk River, W. Va__ . __________ __________ 1903 30, 259 (3) 3. Gauley River, W. Va ..--... . 903.1.761.. 14,761 1903 - (4) 4. Guyandot River, W. Va ........... -..... 1915 -.. 27,500 -------------- (5) 5. Little Kanawha River, W. Va 1952 ............-- 470, 536 891, 354 (6) 6. New River, Va. and W. Va ..... 1899 109, 691 .. (5) 7. Scioto River at Portsmouth, Ohio .. 1953 10, 951 16, 593 ' $129, 049 1 In addition, funds in the amount of $27,523 were contributed by local interests for maintenance of Lock No. I during fiscal years 1953 and 1954. 2 Operation and maintenance of the project except Lock 1 suspended June 30, 1951. Dam 1, Big Sandy River being operated for high water navigation, the costs being reimbursed by local interests. $ Work closed September 1902. Property transferred to Kanawha River improvements. 4 Work closed September 1902. Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 5Work suspended. 6 Operation and maintenance suspended June 30, 1951. Monetary limitation of authorizing act is $75,000. 6. MASSILLON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. Massillon, Ohio, is located in Stark County, on the Tuscarawas River, 200 miles above the mouth of the Muskingum River. FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 957 Existing project. The project providing for improvement of the channel of the Tuscarawas River, together with the construc- tion of drainage facilities, levees and pump stations, consists of the following features: 12,800 linear feet of channel rectification and improvements; 4,300 feet of new channel; 2 reinforced con- crete pressure conduits with a total length of 4,300 feet; 15,900 feet of earth levee; 200 feet of concrete wall; 4 pump stations; and 3 gate openings. The project necessitated the relocation of 6 miles of railroad; the construction of 5 railroad bridges, railroad terminal facilities, 1 highway bridge, and 2 highway viaducts; the removal of 3 railroad bridges, 1 highway bridge and 10,550 feet of railroad track; and the raising of 1 highway bridge. The project provides protection (with 3-foot freeboard) against a flood with peak discharge 20 percent greater than maximum of record. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $8,617,300, which includes a contribution of $477,- 800, by local interests, for additional construction and alterations beyond the scope of the authorized Federal project. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with the acquisition of land was continued and as- sistance was given the Department of Justice in the condemnation proceedings involving the acquisition of third party interests in certain railroad lands. Drawings showing "as-built" conditions were prepared. Operation and maintenance, general. Routine inspections of the improved channels were conducted and remedial work was per- formed as required to maintain the channel in a satisfactory con- dition. The total cost was $13,391, of which $5,772 was for new work and $7,619 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, construction of which was initiated in July 1940 and suspended during the war years, was completed for beneficial use in October 1951. The drain- age structures and appurtenances including pressure conduits, gate openings, and pump stations have been turned over to the city for maintenance and operation. The improved channels and levees, maintained by the United States, are in good condition. Work re- maining to complete the project consists of acquiring one tract of land from the Ohio Water Service Co., the acquisition of which is covered in a relocation agreement, and involves the conveyance of certain waterline easements to the company over Government lands. The conveyance to the company is being held in abeyance pending completion of condemnation proceedings for acquisition of third party interests in 31 railroad tracts. The entire project is about 99 percent complete. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $8,140,930, of which $8,132,638 was for new work and $8,292 was for maintenance. In addition, $477,813 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 958 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated _ $1, 860, 000 $624, 800 $27, 000 -$52, 600 - $8, 139, 473 Cost-----..... - 1, 760,163 1,233,967 369, 328 16,637 $5, 772 8,132,638 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------------ 5,000 5,000 -300 9,700 Cost _.....----------------------- 446 227 7,619 8,292 1In addition $477, 813 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $4,535 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -------------------------------------- 4,535 7. MUSKINGUM RIVER RESERVOIRS, OHIO Location. The Muskingum River lies in southeastern Ohio and, with its tributaries, drains approximately 8,000 square miles. Its headwaters rise about 25 miles south of Lake Erie and it flows into the Ohio River at Marietta, Ohio, 172.2 miles below Pitts- burgh, Pa. Existing project. This project provides for the construction, operation, and maintenance of 14 reservoirs and appurtenant works in the Muskingum River Basin. It was originally authorized by the Public Works Administration February 20, 1934, to include 15 res- ervoirs as set forth in an official plan prepared by the Corps of En- gineers and adopted by the Muskingum watershed conservancy district of Ohio, the sponsoring agency. Subsequent amendments to the official plan provided, among other things, for the elimina- tion of one reservoir and the inclusion and later elimination of a project for channel improvement of the Tuscarawas River at Mas- sillon, Ohio. Allotments totaling $27,190,000 were made from:De- cember 1933 to July 1937 by the Public Works Administration to aid in financing construction of this project. The project was oper- ated and maintained by the conservancy district from July 1938 to August 1939 when it was taken over by the Corps of Engineers for maintenance and operation in accordance with the provisions of the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, authorized and directed the Secretary of War to reimburse the conservancy dis- trict a sum not to exceed the actual expenditures made by it in acquiring lands, easements, and rights-of-way for reservoirs in the Muskingum River Valley, such reimbursements not to exceed $4,500,000, nor include any expenditures for lands, easements, and rights-of-way heretofore or hereafter purchased from said district by the United States. The first allotment under this authorization was made June 29, 1939, from the War Department Appropriation Act of June 28, 1939. The Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939, contained the provisions that the Muskingum River reservoirs be included in the flood control plan for the Ohio River Basin authorized in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938; that section 2 of the latter act FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 959 apply to those reservoirs; and that the conservancy district be re- lieved of any obligation to maintain and operate the dams. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized such channel rectification works or other measures at or below the Mus- kingum River reservoirs as in the discretion of the Chief of Engi- neers and the Secretary of War may be found necessary to provide for the most efficient operation of those reservoirs, at an estimated cost of $2,200,000. The estimate of cost for new work (1954), excluding the cost to the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District, is $40,630,000, of which $18,561,900 is for construction and $22,068,100 is for lands and damages. The latest (1954) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $238,000. For further details see Annual Report for 1946, page 1734. The following table gives the principal features of the 14 reser- voirs: Sig 31-959-990 Muskingum River Reservoirs 0 Reservoir Estimated cost Elevations, Capacity Name of Location of dam mean sea level No. reservoir 2 Stream (nearest town, Drain- all in Ohio) age area 0 Con- Lands and Total O (square Conser- Water struction damages miles) Spill- vation Flood conser- Total way pool control vation (acre-feet) C 0 (acre-feet) (acre-feet) 0 3- 1 Atwood.......---------- Indian Fork__...__...__ _ New Cumberland.---. 70 941 928 26, 100 23, 600 49, 700 $517, 100 $822, 600 $1, 339, 700 2 Beach City...--..--. Sugar Creek ._________.. Beach City______ ____ 300 976. 5 948 70, 000 1, 700 71, 700 1, 331, 600 2, 086,200 3, 417, 800 3 Bolivar...._______........ Sandy Creek-........... Bolivar--------------- 502 962 895 149, 600 0 149, 600 2, 884, 100 2, 949, 800 5,833, 900 4 Charles Mill........ Black Fork.___________. Mifflin....---------------- 216 1, 020 997 80, 600 7,400 88, 000 1, 479, 700 893,200 2, 372, 900 5 Clendening..--... _ Brushy Fork-... .-.. Tippecanoe ----..... 70 910. 5 898 27, 500 26, 500 54, 000 626, 000 464,100 1, 090, 100 z 6 Dover.............. Tuscarawas River ...... Dover----_______-_ -- 1, 397 916 874 202, 000 1, 000 203, 000 2, 053, 600 5, 617,500 7, 671, 100 8 Leesville ......... McGuire Creek-.... Leesville _______ ____ 48 977. 5 963 17, 900 19, 500 37, 400 719, 200 216, 100 935, 300 9 Mohawk.......---------. Walhonding River-..._. Nellie______..-___-___ 4 1, 501 890 799. 2 285,000 0 285, 000 2,620, 200 2, 448,900 5, 069, 100 10 Mohicanville ...-. Lake Fork---________ Mohicanville____ -__ 269 963 932 102, 000 0 102, 000 589, 500 667000 1,256,500 w 11 Piedmont _-........ Stillwater Creek ..----- Piedmont ....... _ ___ 84 924. 6 913 31, 400 33, 600 65,000 1, 268, 100 564,600 1,832,700 12 Pleasant Hill-- .... Clear Fork..----_______ _ Perrysville ------------ 199 1, 065 1, 020 74, 200 13, 500 87, 700 1, 342, 300 723,700 2, 066, 000 13 Senecaville_ -- __ S eneca Fork .... . Senecaville ------------ 121 842. 5 832. 2 45, 000 43, 500 88, 500 648,100 1, 085, 800 1, 733, 900 14 Tappan----------.. ... Little Stillwater Creek__ Tappan_-............ 71 909 899. 3 26, 500 35, 100 61, 600 1, 246, 800 1, 912,200 3,159, 000 z 15 Wills Creek--.. _ .. Wills Creek. ___ ...__ Conesville ------------- 5844 779 742 190, 000 6, 000 196, 000 1, 235,600 1, 616, 400 2, 852, 000 00 Total.... ......... ----------------- --------------------------------------------------- 1, 327, 800 211, 400 1, 539, 200 18,561,900 22,068,100 40,630,000 00 2The construction of Freeport Dam QNo. 7) was eliminated by the amended official S 777 square miles net area. plan approved by the Chief of Engineers, May 16, 1935. 2 For details of individual dams, see p. 1256, Annual Report 1942. 45 817 square miles net area. 723 square miles net area. ca c3n FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 961 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to this project, subject to certain provisions contained in the Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939. For further details see Annual Report for 1942, page 1257. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work in connection with the acquisition of flowage easements was con- tinued and 4 tracts were acquired during the year. Operation and maintenance, general: The 14 reservoirs were operated as required to reduce local flooding and necessary repairs were made to the structures and appurtenances. The total cost, all from regular funds, was $252,101, of which $43,647 was for new work, and $208,454 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in January 1935. With the completion of the Dover Reservoir in November 1938, all of the 14 flood control dams, in- cluded in the project, were completed and in operation. The major items of presently authorized work remaining to be done consist of completing acquisition of flowage easements, and remedial work in the channel downstream from the Charles Mill Dam. Work in connection with the acquisition of land was in progress and of the 4,730 tracts authorized for acquisition, excluding the Charles Mill project, 4,707 tracts have been acquired. Neither the con- struction nor the acquisition of lands or easements have been ini- tiated for the channel remedial work below Charles Mill Dam. Work presently authorized for this project is about 97 percent com- plete. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: $14,695,199, of which $12,372,255 was for new work, and $2,322,944 was for maintenance. National Industrial Recovery funds: $27,190,000 for new work. The total cost, all funds, was $41,885,199, of which $39,562,255 was for new work and $2,322,944 was for maintenance. In addi- tion, surplus property valued at $4,109 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-...__ $1, 391, 500 $250, 000 $472,000 -$276, 000 ------------ I $39, 774, 761 308,145 Cost----------------_ 669,401 371,080 944, 732 $ 43,647 139,562,255 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------- 247, 400 154,800 198,500 213, 160 194,800 2,325,899 Cost---------------- 272,374 252, 229 238, 588 204,831 208, 454 22,322, 944 I Includes $27,190,000 National Industrial Recovery Act funds. 2 In addition, surplus property valued at $4,109 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__----------- $68,452 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------------------------------------- 68,452 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------- 855,200 962 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 8. NEWARK, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. Newark, Ohio, is located in Licking County at the junction of the North and South Forks of the Licking River, 29 miles above its confluence with the Muskingum River at Zanesville, Ohio. Existing project. This provides for a total of 31,500 linear feet of channel improvements of the Licking River, North and South Forks of Licking River, and Raccoon Creek; 5,450 feet of levee along North and South Forks of Licking River; and pump station and sump for the disposal of interior drainage. The project pro- vides protection for the city of Newark against floods 22 percent greater than that of 1913 (one of the greatest of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The project was constructed at a Federal cost of $785,880. In addition, the esti- mated cost to the city of Newark under provisions of section 2 of the Flood Control Act, approved June 28, 1938, was $21,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,500. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: Routine inspections of the improved portion of the channel were conducted and remedial work was performed as required to maintain the channel in a satisfactory condition. The cost during the fiscal year was $2,426, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, construction of which was initiated in July 1940, was completed for beneficial use in November 1941. The pump facilities and levees have been turned over to the city for maintenance and operation. The improved chan- nels, maintained by the United States, are in good condition. The total cost of the existing project, to the end of the fiscal year was $888,826, of which $785,880 was for new work and $102,946 was for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal yearsr 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950, New work: Appropriated----------$1,620- $785, 880 Cost--------- ---- ---- -138 -------------------------------------------- 785,880 Maintenance: Appropriated-_- __- ------- - -- $3, 850 $4, 000 $3, 500 -$ 800 104,050 Cost-...------------- ---- 2,241 8,979 316 3,855 2,426 102,946 9. DILLON RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site of the Dillon Reservoir is located on Licking River, Ohio, 5.8 miles above the confluence of the Licking and Muskingum Rivers at Zanesville, Ohio. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a rolled earthfill dam having a maximum height of 118 feet and a total length of 1,350 feet; controlled outlet works discharging through twin conduits located in the right abutment; FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 963 an uncontrolled spillway in the left abutment; 2 rolled earthfill dikes which will prevent diversion of water into Wakatomika Creek valley; and 2 rolled earthfill dikes which will prevent diversion of water into the Bartlett Run valley. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 273,800 acre-feet, will control a drainage area of 748 square miles, and necessitates the relocation or reconstruc- tion of 19.5 miles of railroad track, 12.2 miles of roads, 32.7 miles of powerlines, 34.2 miles of communication lines, and 17.2 miles of pipelines. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of the co- ordinated reservoir system for the protection of Zanesville, Ohio, and the Muskingum and Ohio River Valleys generally. The exist- ing project was selected for construction under the general au- thorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $28,100,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Surveys, studies, and preparation of plans pertinent to the remaining phases of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad relocation in the reservoir area were continued by hired labor. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $33,899. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in July 1946, when relocation of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in the reservoir area was commenced. This phase of the project has been brought to about 77 percent completion. Con- struction of Nashport Dike, together with relocation of affected highway and utility facilities, is complete. Relocation agreements have been entered into with the 18 owners having facilities affected by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad relocation. Of the estimated 800 tracts of land required for the project, 131 tracts have been acquired. The entire project is about 31 percent complete. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $8,819,602. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: -- Appropriated- ..... $1,277,600 $ 926,200 $100, 000 $112,000 ......... $ 9, 189, 800 Cost...-- ----- 657, 260 1,191, 423 720, 025 17, 580 1$36, 510 8,819602 1Includes $2,611 undistributed tools and equipment cost 30 June 1953. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_--------- $21,713 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June .30, 1955-------- -------------------------------------- 21,713 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project-------------------- ------------ 18,910,200 10. ROSEVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The project is located at Roseville in Muskingum and Perry Counties, Ohio, on Moxahala Creek about 6 miles up- 964 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 stream from its confluence with Jonathan Creek of the Muskingum River. Existing project. The project provides for complete protection of Roseville by channel rectification and levee construction. The work involves the improvement of 7,291 feet of the channel of Moxahala Creek, construction of about 5,370 feet of levee along the left bank of Moxahala Creek, construction of 1 pump station and intercepting sewer, relocation of 1 railroad bridge, alteration of 2 highway bridges, and necessary utility changes. The project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1954) is $1,030,000, the estimated non-Federal cost is $56,000. Local cooperation. Local interests have furnished assurance of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions, prepared during the preceding fiscal year by contract, were reviewed preparatory to securing final approval. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $1,041. Condition at end of fiscal year. Detailed plans and specifica- tions for construction of the project are complete and have been reviewed preparatory to securing final approval. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $73,446. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto1950 New work: Appropriated ______ ___________ ___________ $4, 363 $24, 400 $74, 537 Cost-...-__--___- __---- ______- $1,213 1,407 22,268 $1,041 73,446 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $1,091 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_- 1,091 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ----------------- 955,500 11. PARKERSBURG, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The project is within the confines of the city of Parkersburg, W. Va., located on the left bank of the Ohio River, 184 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. This consists of about 9,600 feet of earth levees and 10,400 feet of concrete walls extending along the Ohio and Little Kanawha Rivers; 6 electrically operated pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; appurtenant drainage structures; and 14 gate openings. The project provides protection for the city of Parkersburg against floods of 1913 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost of the project (1954) is $6,594,600, the estimated non-Federal cost is $300,000. FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 965 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions covering the provision of emergency controls on outlets through the levee and wall were prepared and a contract for ac- complishing the work was awarded. The cost of new work dur- ing the fiscal year was $2,149. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in March 1946. The work initially contemplated was com- pleted in May 1950, at which time the project was turned over to the city of Parkesburg for maintenance and operation. As a result of studies made subsequent to the date the project was turned over to the city, it was found necessary to provide emergency controls on outlets through the levee and wall. A contract for constructing the remedial work was awarded just prior to the end of the fiscal year. The costs for new work to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: $6,513,319. Emergency Relief funds: $3,145. The total costs were $6,516,464. In addition, surplus property valued at $2,562 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ....-- 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New wok'. Appripriated $1,396, 900 .-. . ... -- $1, 500 -$3,130 $79,5.70 $6,593,885 Cost . 1,222,093 $20,159 912 3,272 2,149 I6,516,464 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $2,562 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - - $38, 357 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscalfyear ending June 30, 1955 .. . --- ............... .- - 38,357 - 12. TOM JENKINS RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site of the Tom Jenkins Reservoir is located on East Branch of Sunday Creek, a tributary of Hocking River, Ohio, about 3 miles north of the village of Glouster and 57.2 miles above the mouth of Hocking River. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled earthfill dam having a maximum height of 84 feet and a total length of 944 feet; controlled outlets works discharging through a tunnel located in the left abutment; and an uncontrolled spillway in the ridge run- ning south from the dam site. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 17,600 acre-feet for flood control and 9,300 acre-feet for conservation and water supply for a total of 26,900 acre-feet controls 32.8 square miles of the drainage area of East Branch, and necessitated the relocation of 0.5 mile of county roads and 0.7 mile of pipeline. The reservoir affords substantial protection to the Sunday Creek Valley and serves as a unit of the coordinated reser- 966 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 voir system for the protection of the Hocking River and Ohio River Valleys. The reservoir also provides an assured water supply to villages, industries, and coal mine operations in the Sunday Creek Valley. The existing project was authorized under the Flood Con- trol Act approved December 22, 1944. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $2,869,000, of which $2,084,000 represents Federal cost and $785,000 represents cost to local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. Local cooperation. Local or State interests are required to fur- nish funds for the project equal to the difference between the total estimated first cost and the capitalized flood control benefits. House bill 496 passed by the Ohio State Legislature appropriated funds to cover local and State obligations relative to the project. By agree- ment entered into January 22, 1948, between the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, and the Division of Conservation and Natural Resources, Department of Agriculture, State of Ohio, the State contributed $495,000 to be applied toward the cost of con- struction of the project, and retained $290,000 of the total amount to be contributed, for acquisition of lands and interests in land being acquired by the State in the reservoir area. However, the State was unable to acquire certain reservoir lands and requested the United States to acquire such lands. The State has contributed $80,000 additional to the United States for the purchase of these lands. The agreement provides further that, subject to appropria- tions made by the General Assembly of the State of Ohio, the State will contribute to the Government annually, the sum of $1,500 as the pro rata share chargeable to the State covering the annual cost of operating the project insofar as water supply features are concerned. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: The in- stallation of stream gaging facilities and construction of facilities for the accommodation and protection of the visiting public were completed. Work in connection with the acquisition of land was continued and assistance was given the Department of Justice in negotiating for stipulations covering tracts acquired by con- demnation. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated to reduce local flooding as required and necessary repairs were made to the structures and appurtenances. The total cost from Federal funds was $22,051, of which minus $4,597 was for new work and $26,648 was for maintenance. In addi- tion, $14,028 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation, affording substantial protection to the Sunday Creek Valley as well as serving as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Hocking River and Ohio River Valleys. The reservoir also provides an assured water supply to villages, industries and coal mine operations in the Sunday Creek Valley. Construction of the dam was started in March 1948 and completed in February 1950. The project is complete in all respects except for land acquisition work consisting of assisting the De- partment of Justice in processing through trial 11 mineral cases. FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 967 The total cost to the end of the fiscal year from Federal funds was $2,164,984, of which $2,077,323 was for new work and $87,661 was for maintenance. In addition, $571,344 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-..._... $1, 166,600 ..---------- -$6, 800 ------------ $2, 084,200 Cost---------------- 988,366 $88, 305 $48,909 31,940 -$4,597 2,077,323 Maintenance: Appropriated -- 12,500 16,400 17, 400 21,800 21,262 89, 362 Cost---- 7,492 17,056 16,909 19,556 26,648 87,661 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $6,877 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------- 6,877 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated........ ------------------ $25,000 $55,000 .. 575,000 Cost....------------------------------------ 59,206 ...------------ $14,028 571,344 13. BLUESTONE RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. On New River, W. Va. and Va., about 2.5 miles above Hinton, W. Va., and 1 mile above the confluence of the New and Greenbrier Rivers. Existing project. The project provides for a concrete gravity dam having a maximum height of 180 feet and an overall length of 2,048 feet, consisting of 790 feet of spillway section, 330 feet of powerhouse intake structure, and 928 feet of nonoverflow sections and abutments. The reservoir created, extending approximately 36 miles upstream from the dam and providing for the gross storage of 631,000 acre-feet, is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the New, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys generally. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $28,965,300. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $88,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. Prior to the foregoing authorizations, under provisions of Execu- tive Order No. 7183A, September 12, 1935 (which authorized the construction of a reservoir dam on New River for the reduction of flood heights in the Kanawha and Ohio Valleys, and for the development of power), surveys, foundation explorations, clearing of reservoir area, design of dam, and the acquisition of land were undertaken. The sum of $543,960 from emergency relief funds was allotted for initiating this work. For further details, see page 968 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 1453 of the Annual Report for 1939. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved Jne 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Installa- tion of stream gaging facilities, establishment of sedimentation ranges, construction of facilities for the accommodation and pro- tection of the visiting public, and removal of a railroad bridge over the Greenbrier River were completed. Relocation of 1 cemetery con- taining 17 graves was accomplished by contract. Construction of radio network for hydrologic data was continued. Land acquisition work for the project was completed and consisted of acquiring 13 tracts required for the radio network facilities and 1 tract required in connection with removal of a cemetery from the reservoir area. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and to operator's quarters and grounds throughout the year. Facilities for the accommodation and protec- tion of the visiting public were maintained in good condition. The total cost was $158,986, of which $91,134 was for new work and $67,852 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of: the New, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys, generally. Construction of the dam, initiated in January 1942, was suspended during the war years and completed in April 1952 upon completion of the installation of crest gates and hoists. Construc- tion of a radio network for hydrologic data was in progress and well advanced at the end of the year. Upon conclusion of this item and other minor items of work, the project will be complete in all respects. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $29,222,156, of which $28,878,624 was for new work, and $343,532 was for maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $26,839 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary 0 : Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Neow work: Appropriated- .... $1,178,000 -$318, 700 -$56, 000.------------ ...........-------- 1 $28, 890, 260 ost--- ....------------- 952,557 1,616,370 $1,317,826 93, 396 $91,134 12 28, 878, 624 Maintenance: Appropriated-------..... 58,700 58,600 88,600 60,833 70,600 347,333 Cost - ---------........ .. . 44 050 74, 859 70,872 '76, 963 67,852 343, 532 1Includes $543,960 Emergency Relief funds. 2In addition, surplus property valued at $26,839 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ ---------------- $7,536 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------------- -------------------- ----- 7,536 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project - - -- 75,000 FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 969 14. SUTTON RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The dam site of the Sutton Reservoir is located on Elk River, W. Va., 1 mile above the town of Sutton, W. Va., and approximately 101 miles above the mouth of Elk River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a concrete gravity dam having a maximum height of 237 feet; and an overall length of 1,208 feet, consisting of 280 feet of spillway section and 928 feet of nonoverflow sections and abutments. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 265,300 acre-feet, will control a drainage area of 537 square miles, and necessitates the relocation of 8.6 miles of railroad tracks, 9.7 miles of roads, and miscellaneous public utility service lines. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Elk, Kanawha, and Ohio Valleys generally. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $32,600,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work under an agreement with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Co. for design of structures for the remaining relocation work was completed. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $99,755. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in October 1949, when contract work was begun on sealing an abandoned coal mine at the dam site. This phase of the project has been completed. Other construction work completed consists of section 1 (grading) of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad relocation. Of the estimated 523 tracts of land required for the project, 98 tracts have been acquired. The entire project is about 5 percent complete. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $1,729,208. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ _-30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ..-.... $1,000,000 -$94, 600 --- $1, 861,400 Cost-----325,792 696,058 -$257,183 79, 077 $112, 984 1,729,208 1Includes $13,229 undistributed tools and equipment and sub-office costs 30 June 1953. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_------ $40, 833 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------------------------------------------- . 40,833 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project _ ------------- 30,738,600 970 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 15. HUNTINGTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The work covered by this project is within the con- fines of the city of Huntington, W. Va., on the left bank of the Ohio River, from mile 304.25 to 313.12 below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. Section I: This part of the project consists of about 19,400 feet of earth levee and 2,200 feet of concrete wall extending along the Ohio River and landward to high ground at the western extremity of the project; 6 electrically operated pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; appurtenant drainage structures; and 6 gate openings. Protection is provided for the west end of Huntington against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. This section of the project was constructed at a Federal cost of $2,327,700. The estimated cost to the city of Hunt- ington for lands and damages was $655,000. Section II: This part of the project consists of about 17,900 feet of concrete wall extending along the Guyandot and Ohio Rivers; 24 gate openings and storage houses; 7 pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; and a continuous toe drain adjacent to the landward side of the base of the wall. Protection is provided for the business section of Huntington against floods of 1937 magni- tude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 28, 1937. This section of the project was constructed at a Federad cost of $2,543,265. The estimated cost to the city of Huntington for lands and damages was $412,000. Section III: This part of the project consists of about 16,800 feet of concrete walls and 4,600 feet of earth levees extending along the Guyandot and Ohio Rivers and landward to high ground at the east- ern extremity of the project; 4 electrically operated pump stations for the disposal of interior drainage; appurtenant drainage struc- tures; and 15 gate openings. Protection is provided for the east end of Huntington against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. This section of the existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. This section of the project was constructed at a total cost of $2,129,427, of which $2,127,127 was Federal cost and $2,300 was contributed by local interests. The estimated cost to the city of Huntington for the lands and damages was $440,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Section II: Remedial works, involving the railroad embankment at the point where the upstream end of the barrier ties into high ground, were constructed under an agreement with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $5,823. Condition at end of fiscal year. Section I: Construction of this section was initiated in May 1940 and completed in December 1942; The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: FLOOD CONTROL--HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 971 Regular funds: $2,325,200. Emergency relief funds: $2,500. The total cost, all funds, was $2,327,700. Section II: Construction of this section was initiated in August 1938. The work initially contemplated was completed in May 1940. Subsequent to the date the project was turned over to the city, remedial works, involving the railroad embankment at the point where the upstream end of the barrier ties into high ground, were constructed. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Regular funds: $2,479,265. Emergency relief funds: $64,000. The total cost, all funds, was $2,543,265. Section III: Construction of this section was initiated in July 1941 and completed in December 1947. The cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: Regular funds: $2,124,627. Emergency relief funds: $2,500. The total cost, all funds, was $2,127,127. In addition, $2,300 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ..----------- $6, 000-.-. --. ............ 2$6, 998, 092 Cost....-------------------------------------- 159 $18 $5,823 6, 998,092 1 In addition $2,300 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Includes $69,000 Emergency Relief funds. 16. DEWEY RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The dam site of the Dewey Reservoir is located on Johns Creek, about 7 miles southeast of Paintsville, Ky., and 5.4 miles above the confluence of Johns Creek and Levisa Fork of Big Sandy River. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled earthfill dam having a maximum height of 118 feet and a total length of 913 feet; controlled outlet works discharging through a tunnel in the left abutment; an uncontrolled spillway discharging through a channel excavated in the left or west abutment; and a rolled earth- fill dike which blocks a low divide to Brandykeg Creek and the Levisa Fork. The reservoir created, providing for the storage of 93,300 acre-feet, controls 207 square miles of the drainage area of Johns Creek, and necessitated the relocation or reconstruction of 8.3 miles of roads, 9.7 miles of pipelines, and 5.2 miles of telephone lines. The reservoir is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Levisa Fork, Big Sandy, and Ohio Valleys generally. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. 972 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $6,415,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Installa- tion of stream gaging facilities was completed. Work in connection with the acquisition of land was continued and consisted mainly of assisting the Department of Justice in obtaining stipulations and processing through trial, the tracts being acquired through con- demnation proceedings in the United States district court. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam, and to the operator's quarters and grounds throughout the year. Facilities for the accommodation and protec- tion of the visiting public were maintained in good condition. The total cost was $74.252, of which $36,716 was for new work and $37,536 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Levisa Fork, Big Sandy, and Ohio Valleys generally. Construction of the dam was started in March 1946 and completed in July 1949. All construction operations, in- cluding the relocation of highway and utility facilities affected by the project are complete. Title to the 407 tracts of land required for the project have been acquired. Land acquisition work is complete except the possible retrial of one large mineral acquisition owner- ship in which the owner requested a new trial. The case is now pending in the U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $6,495,984. of which $6,326.120 was for new work and $169,864 was for maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $17,200 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -. 30, 1954, includ- I ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .______ $ 900,000 $523,800 -$225, 100 - - $6, 414, 700 Cost_------- -- 1,292, 573 315,063 $78,970 90,226 $36,716 '6,326, 120 Maintenance: Appropriated 41, 400 14, 650 46,100 33, 907 33, 900 169, 957 Cost----------------- 19,337 38,294 39,166 35, 532 37y536 169, 864 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $17,200 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $87,501 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_-------------- 87,501 17. ASHLAND, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The work covered by this project is within the con- fines of the city of Ashland, Ky., located on the left bank of the FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 973 Ohio River, 322 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of about 13,530 feet of concrete walls and 777 feet of earth levees extending along the Ohio River; 6 electrically operated pump stations and necessary appurtenant drainage structures for disposal of interior drainage; and 17 highway, railroad, and pedes- trian gate openings. The project will provide protection for main business and residential sections of the city of Ashland against floods ofi1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot free- board. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The project was constructed at a Federal cost of $3,695,647. The estimated cost to the city of Ashland for lands and damages was $313,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work under con- tracts for constructing section 3 of the project (remaining wall and levee sections) and 5 pump stations was completed. Final reports and "as-built" drawings were prepared. Completion of the fore- going operations concluded all work on the project. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $539,590. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, construction of wh$h~iwas initiated in July 1949, was completed for beneficial use in Dcember 1953, and turned over to the city of Ashland for main- tenance and operation in February 1954. At the end of the year final :records and reports had been prepared and the project was complete in all respects. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $3,695,647. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . _ . _30, . . 1954, includ- iig fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated---------$819,100 $ 43500 $2,000,000 $ 440,600 -$20,000 $3, 695,647 Cost ----------------- .. .... 353,177 581,761 211,169 1,914,477 1 540,929 3,695,647 1 Includes $1,339 undistributed tools and equipment cost June 30, 1953. 'I85 PORTSMOUTH-NEW BOSTON, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The project is located at the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston, Ohio, on the right bank of the Ohio River above the mouth of the Scioto River in Scioto County, Ohio. The project ex- tends from mile 350.2 to mile 356.5 below Pittsburgh. Existing project. This consists of about 21,000 feet of earth levees and 21,400 feet of concrete walls extending along the Ohio and Scioto Rivers; 12 electrically operated pump stations; 14 gate openings and 2 service openings; 2 traffic ramps; relocation of ap- proximately 4,500 feet of the Scioto River channel; and appurten- ant drainage structures. The project provides protection for the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston, Ohio, against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximom of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The 974 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The project was constructed at a Federal cost of $9,545,546. The estimated non-Federal cost was $525,150, which includes $15,150 contributed by local interests toward construction of the project. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Final reports and "as-built" drawings were prepared to complete all work on the project. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $23,577. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project, construction of which was initiated in June 1940, was completed for beneficial use and turned over to the cities of Portsmouth and New Boston for maintenance and operation in May 1950. Construction work on the project was suspended during the period 1943-1945 due to the war emergency. At the end of fiscal year 1954 final records and reports had been prepared and the project was complete in all respects. The total cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $9,545,546. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ....... $ 30,000 - -$28, 000 $6, 500 -$843 2$9, 545,546 Cost--------------- 1, 550,892 $36, 605 5, 978 2, 556 23,577 9,545, 546 1 In addition $15,150 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Includes $10,089 from Emergency Relief funds. 19. DELAWARE RESERVOIR, OHIO .RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on Olentangy River about 6 miles above and north of Delaware, Ohio, and 32 miles above the confluence of the Olentangy and Scioto Rivers at Columbus, Ohio. The reservoir is located in Delaware, Marion, and Morrow Counties, Ohio. Existing project. The project consists of a rolled earth fill dam having a gate controlled concrete gravity ogee type spillway in the channel containing five outlet conduits. The dam is about 18,600 feet long, having a maximum height of 92 feet. The reser- voir created, providing for the storage of 132,000 acre-feet from a tributary drainage area of 381 square miles, necessitated the construction of levee protection works, complete with pump sta- tions and drainage structures, for the village of Waldo, Ohio, the relocation or reconstruction of 7.6 miles of roads, 6.5 miles of powerlines, 7 miles of telephone lines, and 7.6 miles of pipelines, and the relocation of 4 cemeteries containing 1,744 graves. The reservoir is being operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Olentangy, Scioto, and Ohio Valleys generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $7,642,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $37,000. FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 975 Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Installa- tion of stream gaging facilities and construction of facilities for the accommodation and protection of the visiting public were com- pleted. Work in connection with the acquisition of land consisted of assisting the Department of Justice in obtaining stipulations covering seven tracts being acquired through condemnation pro- ceedings in the United States district court. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated as required to reduce local flooding and necessary repairs were made to the structures and appurtenances throughout the year. The total cost was $81,270, of which $49,681 was for new work and $31,589 was for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system for the protection of the Olentangy, Scioto, and Ohio Valleys generally. Construction of the dam was started in April 1946, and completed in July 1948. All construction operations, in- cluding the relocation of highway and utility facilities affected by the project are complete. Title to the 377 land tracts required for the project has been acquired. Work remaining in connection with the land acquisition program consists of assisting the Department of Justice in processing through trial 11 condemnation cases. The total cost to the end of the fiscal year was $7,765,514, of which: $7,611,713 was for new work and $153,802 was for maintenance. In addition, surplus property valued at $10,176 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated pCost d-- -.. -. $689,000 547,721 -$177, 500 489,835 -$70,000 48,860 -$89,800| . 61,099 . $49,681 $7,641,656 17,611,713 Maintenance: Appropriated ..- Cost.-- - 26, 500 24,257 18,500 25,186 32,900 29,612 32, 300 28,128 26,900 31,589 156,10( 153,802 1 In addition, surplus property valued at $10,176 was transferred to the project without reimbursement. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - - $27,459 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ___ _________-_______ ___27,459 20. MAYSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, KY. Location. The work covered by this project is within the con- fines of the city of Maysville, Ky., located on the left bank of the Ohio River, 408 miles below Pittsburgh, Pa. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of about 7,350 feet of concrete walls and 6,850 feet of earth levees extending along Goose Creek and the Ohio River; 5 electrically operated pump stations and necessary appurtenant drainage structures for disposal of interior drainage; 10 gate open- 976 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ings; and 2 ramps for traffic during nonflood periods. The project will provide protection for the city of Maysville against floods of 1937 magnitude (maximum of record) with a 3-foot freeboard. The existing project was selected for construction under the gen- eral authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost (1954) is $6,660,000, the estimated non-Federal cost is $525,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Work under contract for constructing section 3 of the project (additional wall and levee sections) was completed. Construction of Limestone Creek levee and extension by contract, was continued and advanced froFn 8 percent to 88 percent completion. Work under three supply con- tracts for furnishing and delivering pumping equipment was con- tinued throughout the period. A contract for construction of sec= tion 4 (final wall and levee sections) was awarded, however work under the contract was not initiated. The preparation of plans and specifications, by hired labor, for final wall and levee sections to- gether with pumping plants was continued throughout the year. The cost of new work during the fiscal year was $955,583. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in July 1949. Sections 1, 2, and 3 of the project, con" sisting principally of earth levee, concrete wall, a new creek chan- nel, one culvert, and appurtenances are complete. The Limestone Creek culvert and gatewell are also complete. Construction of Limestone Creek levee and extension, by contract, is well ad- vanced. Work under three supply contracts for furnishing and de- livering pumping equipment was nearing completion at the end of the year. A contract for construction of section 4 (final wall and levee sections) had been awarded but construction operations had not been initiated. In addition to work in progress, the major items of work remaining to complete the project consist of construction of the projects 5 pump stations and installation of pumping equip- ment. The entire project is about 50 percent complete. The total Cost of new work to the end of the fiscal year was $3,373,796. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--- ----. $819,100 $121,100 $1,000,000 $ 995,000 $1,000,000 $4, 319,794 Cost----------------- 382,960 515,170 388,012 1,049,626 1957,834 796 3,373, 1Includes $2,251 undistributed tools and equipment cost June 30, 1953. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---------_ -- $616,735 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ 800,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------------------- ----------------- 1,416,735 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project--_ - .------ - - - 1,540,200 FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 977 21. OHIO RIVER BASIN, HUNTINGTON DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, flood walls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Huntington, W. Va., district. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, authorized the construction of levees, flood walls, and drain- age structures for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of Engineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for construction, which amount was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Commit- tee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifica- tions thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advisable, and for initiation and par- tial accomplishment of the plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and $50,300,000 for local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The Flood Control Act approved August 11, 1939, contained the provision that the Muskingum River Valley dams and reservoirs as set forth in the official plan of the Muskingum watershed conser- vancy district shall be included in the flood control plan of the Ohio River Basin authorized in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. In addition to previous authorizations the Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941, authorized the sum of $45,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, for the Ohio River Basin, modified to include the Allegheny Reservoir project in accordance with the recommen- dation of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 300, 76th Congress, 1st session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the additional sum of $70,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as modified by the act approved August 18, 1941, for the Ohio River Basin, including the Burr Oak Reservoir on the Hocking River, Ohio, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 762, 77th Congress, 2d session, at an estimated cost of $400,000. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the additional sum of $125,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress includ- ing the local flood protection works at Galax, Va., on Chestnut Creek, substantially in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 506, 78th Congress, 978 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 1st session, at an estimated cost of $276,125. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the additional sum of $100,000,000 for the prosecution of the compre- hensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Huntington District. Local protection projects Estimated cost Location 1 Type of protection Federal Non-federal Total I I I I Aberdeen, Ohio..................... Wall and levee--........ $1, 430, 000 $ 55,000 $ 1,485, 000 Ashland, Ky 24........................ --.. do..---............ 5 3,695,647 313,000 4,008, 647 A thalia, Ohio-..................... ... Levee.............---.... 630,000 187, 000 817,000 Belpre, Ohio-...... ..... Wall and levee-........ 3,570,000 448,000 4, 018000 Brooklyn, W. Va ..................... ..... do............---.... 5,200, 000 226, 000 5,426,000 Buena Vista, Ohio ............... -- do.. ---............ 593,000 197, 000 790,000 Burlington, Ohio_........ Levee ......... -- 146, 000 117, 000 263,000 Catlettsburg, Ky 3...... Wall and levee...... 4,560,000 510,000 5,070,000 Ceredo-Kenova, W. Va 4- ..... do-.....----------- 5 2, 568, 463 265,000 2,833, 463 Chambersburg, Ohio ...... .... do-...-----.-----. 1,600,000 53,000 1, 653,000 Chesapeake, Ohio_....... _ ._ Levee------..............----- 330,000 139,000 469,000 Cheshire, Ohio_._ .... do-...---------- 419,000 147, 000 566, 000 Clarington, Ohio.............._._..... Wall and levee-........ 2, 710,000 249,000 2, 959, 000 Clifton, W. Va ......................- Levee--....---------- 230,000 113,000 343,000 Coal Grove, Ohio _________._ Wall and levee-........ 888, 000 55,000 943,000 Friendly, W. Va...................... ----- ,--do,,------------ do---------------- 655,000 61,000 716,000 Fullerton, Ky.________.__ __ 1 090,000 178,000 1,268,000 Galax (New River Basin), Va 4........ Channel improvement S480, 536 185, 000 684, 718 and levee. Gallipolis, Ohio........................ Wall and levee-........ 2,670,000 839,000 3,509, 000 Greenup, Ky ------------------- ....---- do................------------ 2, 660,000 512,000 3,172,000 Hanging Rock, Ohio................... Levee....------------ 467, 000 155,000 622,000 Hartford, W. Va_..___................ Wall and levee ....... 2,880,000 222, 000 3,102,000 Henderson, W. Va............... _____ Levee__--.---------- 437,000 188,000 625,000 Hockingport, Ohio._.....- ___.. ... . Levee-...------------ 568, 000 242,000 810, 000 Huntington, W. Va. Sec. 1 (West end) 24 .___________ Wall and levee...... 5 2, 327, 700 655, 000 2,982, 700 Sec. 2 (Business section) 2 4........ Wall-- ---------- 5 2,543, 265 412,000 2,955,265 Sec. 3 (Guyandot) 2 4______________ Wall and levee........ 5 2,127,127 442,300 2, 569, 427 Ironton, Ohio 4_______________________ ..... do.....----------- S2, 543,396 669,000 3,212,396 Letart, W. Va.---------------------- ...--do.........----------- 938,000 123,000 1,061,000 Letart Falls, Ohio.... .... do................------------ 992,000 126,000 1,118,000 Manchester, Ohio.................... Levee-----............ 1,330, 000 377, 000 1,707,000 Mapleshade, Ohio ...........-._...... .....do-----.............----1,330,000 298, 000 1,628,000 Marietta, Ohio__.. _--------------- Wall and levee........ 14,000,000 822,000 14,822,000 Mason, W. Va ..........--.--.--... .... do................. 1,040,000 238,000 1,278,000 2 (Muskingum River Basin), Massillon Channel improve- 8,139, 500 477,800 8,617, 300 Ohio. 2 ment, wall and levee. Maysville, Ky. -----------.........--- Wall and levee........ 6, 660,000 525,000 7,185,000 Middleport, Ohio......----..........-- ..... do-....------------ 4, 590, 000 366,000 4,956,000 Miller, Ohio..... ..................... Levee................------------ 519.000 173,000 692, 000 Millwood, W. Va_..... - - Wall and levee........ 843,000 134,000 977, 000 New Martinsville, W. Va-............ -.... do----------................. 4,670,000 643,000 5,313,000 New Matamoras, Ohio_--__-_.. :- _ .... do_.-------... -- 2, 090,000 285,000 2,375,000 Newark (Muskingum River Basin), Channel improvement S785, 880 21,000 806,880 Ohio.' 4 and levee. Newport, Ohio-....................... Levee................. 318, 000 84,000 402,000 Normal, Ky........................... Wall and levee........ 648,000 235,000 883,000 Parkersburg, W. Va._................. Wall and levee........ 6,594,600 300, 000 6, 894,600 Point Pleasant, W. Va.4------------ .--- do-- -------- S2, 829, 296 278,000 3,107,296 Pomeroy, Ohio-----.---..-__.......-- ..... do..,,,-------, .....do..---............ 16, 500,000 346, 000 16,846, 000 Portland, Ohio__. 1,040,000 104,000 1,144,000 .....do................. S525,150 10,070,969 Portsmouth-New Boston, Ohio 2..... 4 S9, 545, 546 Powhatan Point, Ohio ................ ...do....------- 4,720,000 397, 000 5,117,000 Proctor, W. Va .... _________ Levee .....------ ---- 334,000 121,000 455,000 Proctorville, Ohio___________ Resettlement ....... 2, 700,000 2,700,000 Racine, Ohio Wall and levee........ 985,000 120,000 1,105,000 Ravenswood, W. Va.......... ----- do--------------- 1,470,000 106,000 1,576, 000 See footnote at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 979 Local protection projects--Continued Estimated cost Locationt Type of protection Federal Non-federal Total i881,000 Riverview, W. Va.... . __ . Levee.-- ___---- 881,000 115, 000 996, 000 Roseville (Muskingum River Basin), Channel improvement 1,030,000 9 56, 000 1,086,000 Ohio.' Russell, Ky.4 ....._.... Levee (backwater pro- 5 237,193 10,000 247,193 tection). St. Marys, W. Va..__ ....... Wall and levee- ...... 1,510,000 139,000 1,649,000 Sardis, Ohio..... ...-------------------- Levee................. 285,000 60,000 345,000 Sciotoville, Ohio. . ..... . . .... Wall and levee- ...... 1,460,000 377,000 1,837,000 Sistersville, W . Va..................... ---.... do .............. 1, 770, 000 269,000 2,039,000 South Point, Ohio.................... ..... do....------------- 992,000 117, 000 1,109,000 South Portsmouth, Ky.............. Levee.... 370,000 137, 000 507, 000 Syracuse, Ohio ...................... do_.. - - 1,220,000 -.. 100,000 1,320,000 Vanceburg, Ky..................... Wall and levee-...-.- 1,860,000 541,000 2, 401,000 Waverly, W. Va............-....... .....do...... . . .. . 3,480,000 251,000 3,731,000 Williamstown, W. Va...__......__ Wall and levee...... 2,580, 000 136,000 2,716,000 Woodlands, W. Va ................--- Levee-... 206,000 28,000 234,000 Zanesville (Muskingum River), Ohio._ Wall and levee ....... 8, 110, 000 13,000,000 21,110,000 12 All projectsare located on the Ohio River unless otherwise noted. For details, see individual report. a See Annual Report for 1950 for individual report. 4 Construction completed. 5 Actual cost. b Includes $2,300 of construction funds contributed by local interests. 7 Construction funds contributed by Massillon Conservancy District. S Includes $15,150 of construction funds contributed by local interests. 9 Construction funds to be contributed by local interests. 980 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S.:ARMY, 1954 Reservoirs Total Tributary basin and reservoir Stream estimated cost Big Sandy: Clintwood, Va_. -- ___-- -__________ Pound River----------------- $ 6,080,000 Dewey, Ky.........................-------------------------------Johns Creek........-----......... 6, 415, 000 Fishtrap, Ky..................------- -------------- Levisa Fork....------------------- 28, 300,000 Haysi, Va ............ __--------------Russell Fork ........------------------ 10,100,000 Guyandot: Mud River, W. Va. ........-. .--- -Mud River___....__ _________ 10, 600, 000 Hocking: Logan, Ohio ------------------------------- Clear Creek....-------------------- 4,230, 000 Tom Jenkins, Ohio 1 __ -_____---...________.._____ East Branch of Sunday Creek-....2 2, 084,000 Kanawha: Big Bend, W. Va _____.......--_-___--- ___- Greenbrier River--------------- 13,900, 000 Birch, W. Va..............------------------------------..... Birch River.............-------------------.. 6,450,000 Bluestone, W. Va.....--------------------------New River..-------------------28, 965,300 Moores Ferry, Va......................-----------------------------....do....-----------------------25,600,000 Poca, W. Va..-------------------------------Pocatalico River -.--------------- 21,600,000 Summersville, W. Va . --------.....--------------.. Gauley River ..------------------ 34,300,000 Sutton, W. Va.----... .. ....-------...--------------- Elk River-....-------------------- 32,600,000 Little Kanawha: Burnsville, W. Va ......--------------------------- Little Kanawha River------------ 6, 520,000 Steer Creek, W. Va - ______________.. -- ____..._ _... Steer Creek . 8,520,000 .-------------------- West Fork, W. Va.-------------------------- West Fork-------------------..............-- 6,640, 000 Muskingum: Dillon, Ohio 1_. . . . ... Licking River-.----------------- 28,100,000 Frazeysburg, Ohio_--.---.---- _____------ - Wakatomika Creek-------------- 5, 470,000 Millersburg, Ohio-..... ___ Killbuck Creek---------------- •________-____- 12,000,000 Muskingum River Reservoirs, Ohio (System of 14 On various streams-......-........ 40,630,000 reservoirs) 1. Scioto: Big Darby Creek, Ohio___ ________ Big Darby Creek...............--------------- 18, 600,000 Deer Creek, Ohio....________----- __---.----------- . Deer Creek......------------------- 13,200,000 Delaware, Ohio 1_.....__.--------- Olentangy River.................---------------- 7, 642,000 Paint Creek, Ohio ... _________---------- Paint Creek................-------------------13,800,000 Rocky Fork, Ohio 3......---....---.........--..-----....---. Rocky Fork--......--.....--------------.. ..... 4410,000 Twelve Pole Creek: East Lynn, W. Va_---- .. ____- East Fork------------------------- 9, 020,000 1 For details, see individual report. 2 Total cost $2,869,200, the additional $785,000 to be contributed by local interests. 3 See Annual Report for 1950 for individual report. 4 Total cost $6,349,000, the additional $1,939,000 to be contributed by local interests. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. Preliminary surveys and plans have been completed for a number of the projects included in the comprehensive plan. The status of projects selected for construc- tion under this authorization is given in individual reports. As a result of the curtailment of planning functions, work under this heading has been suspended. The costs of new work to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: $516,727. Emergency relief funds: $10,920. Total, all funds: $527,647. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 to 1950 prior New work: Appropriated. - -$474,444 -$118,514 _. _._._._.. - 1 $527,647 Cost----- - - $44,332 33, 043 1,810 - --- -527,647 1 Includes $10,920 Emergency Relief funds. FLOOD CONTROL-HUNTINGTON, W. VA., DISTRICT 981 22. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last .. . Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for-- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Ceredo-Kenova, Ohio River Basin, W. Va..... 1944 $2, 568,463 -----.---...- (1) 2. Emergency flood control work under authority of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 18, ass aened----------------------- 1941, 194,amended-_ 1952 15------------------- ..... . $44, 891 $489 () (2 3. Emergency flood control work under authority of Public Law No. 75, 79th Congress and Public Law No. 102, 80th Congress---------........ 1953 -54,194 (2) 4. Emergency flood control work under authority of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948... -------.......................------------ ............. 1950 8, 338 (3) 5. Galax, Ohio River Basin, Va.... ----------------- 1953 480, 536 ...------- (1) 6. Ironton, Ohio River Basin, Ohio....-------------- 1952 2, 543,397 ...------------- (1) 7. Point Pleasant, Ohio River Basin, W. Va..... 1953 2, 829, 297 -------------- (1) 8. Russell, Ohio River Basin, Ky----------------1953 237,193------------- (1) 9. Snagging and clearing under authority of sec- tion 2 of the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended---_-------_ ------ 1953 113,990-------------- (4) 1 Completed. 2 Emergency flood operations completed during fiscal year 1952. a Emergency flood operations completed during fiscal year 1950. 4 Snagging and clearing operations completed during fiscal year 1953. 23. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs and expenditures during the year were $8,939. The balance unexpended on June 30, 1954, $1,451 plus an allotment for fiscal year 1955 of $27,200, a total of $28,651 will be applied to the preparation of 1 navigation study (survey), 5 flood control studies (3 surveys-2 preliminary exami- nations) and the collection and study of basic data. The additional sum of $26,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1956, for work to be accomplished under this heading. Collection and study of basic data. The collection and study of basic data during fiscal year 1954 consisted of the following: Col- lection of stream flow data, revision of Flood Emergency Manual, and flood investigations. 24. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will maintain and operate certain local protection projects after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District Engineers are responsible for the adminis- tration of these regulations within the boundaries of their respec- tive districts. The current (1954) estimate of the annual cost of this work in the Huntington District is $3,000. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of completed units of projects transferred to local interests for main- tenance and operation. Local interests were advised, as necessary, of measures required to maintain these projects in accordance with standards prescribed by the regulations. The cost during the year was $3,026 for maintenance. The cost to the end of the fiscal year was $11,406 for mainte- nance. 982 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated 4, 300 $2, 500 $-------------------- $1, 741 $3, 000 $11, 541 Cost --------------------------- 4,141 1,900 2, 338 3,026 11,406 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT This district comprises a portion of eastern Ohio, western Penn- sylvania, southwestern New York, northern West Virginia, and northwestern Maryland embraced in the drainage basin of the Ohio River and tributaries above mile 109 (below Pittsburgh), be- tween Captina Island and Powhatan Point, Ohio. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Allegheny River, Pa., con- 15. Crooked Creek Reservoir, Ohio struction of locks and dams.. 983 River Basin, Pa...................... 1007 2. Tygart River Dam, W. Va........ 987 16. Johnstown, Ohio River Basin, 3. Monongahela River, Pa., and ---.--. Pa-------------..... . --. . . 1008 W. Va ............................. 989 17. Conemaugh River Reservoir, 4. Ohio River above mile 109, Ohio River Basin, Pa-............ 1010 lock and dam construction.... 995 18. Loyalhanna Reservoir, Ohio 5. Ohio River, open-channel work 995 River Basin, Pa................... 1012 6. Inactive navigation projects .. 996 19. Elkins, OhioRiverBasin, W. Va.. 1014 20. Uniontown, Pa...................... 1015 21. Youghiogheny River Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Pa. 1015 Flood Control 22. Berlin Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Ohio...................... 1017 7. Portville, Ohio River Basin, 23. Mosquito Creek Reservoir, Ohio N. Y ....... .......................... 996 River Basin, Ohio.................. 1019 8. Olean, Ohio River Basin, N. Y.. 997 24. Wellsville, Ohio River Basin, 9. Bradford, Pa................... 998 Ohio................ ......................... 1021 10. Tionesta Reservoir, Ohio River 25. Wheeling-Benwood, Ohio River Basin, Pa................................ 999 Basin, W. Va-......-...--........... 1022 11. East Branch, Clarion River 26. Ohio River Basin, Pittsburgh, Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Pa. District..................... 1025 Pa..... ..... _._..._....... ...... 1000 27. Inactive flood control projects.. 1026 12. Johnsonburg, Ohio River Basin, 28. General investigations ............ 1027 1003 29. Inspection of completed flood Pa.............................................. 13. Punxsutawney, Ohio River control works .......................... 1027 Basin, Pa.... .......... 1004 30. Flood control work under special 14. Mahoning Creek Reservoir, authorization.... ....... 1027 Ohio River Basin, Pa........ 1005 1. ALLEGHENY RIVER, PA.-CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS Location. This river rises in northern Pennsylvania, flows northwestward into New York, thence generally southwestward to Pittsburgh, Pa., where it joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio. Its length is 325 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for western Pennsylvania and southwestern New York.) Existing project. This provides for eight locks and dams to afford slack water navigation from Pittsburgh, Pa., to above East Brady, Pa., a distance of 72 miles. Original locks and dams 2 and 3 were replaced by new locks and dams 2 and 3 in 1934. Lock and dam 1 was eliminated in 1938 by the raising of the Emsworth Dam, Ohio River. The controlling depth throughout the canalized portion is 9 feet at normal pool level, and the channel width varies from a 983 984 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 minimum of 200 feet to full width of river at the mouth. The cost of new work for the completed project is $18,157,860. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $425,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 For lock and dam 1. (Fixed dam contemplated. On Annual Report, 1886, p. 1545, and Sept. 29, 1891, the Secretary of War authorized the Annual Report, 1891, p. 2366. change to a movable dam.) June 3, 1896 For locks and dams 2 and 3_---....._...........--------------- H. Doc. 204, 54th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1896, p. 2212. July 25, 1912 For locks and dams 4 to 8, inclusive ............... H. Doc. 540, 62d Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 For a depth of 9 feet in the lower 61 m iles-... ........ H. Doc. 356, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19351Replacement of lock and dam 1 by a dredged chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee, nel, 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide up to lock 2, and Doc. 16, 72d Cong., 1st sess. construction of new locks and dams 2 and 3, to replace existing locks and dams 2 and 3. Do .......Construction of lock and dam 9, raising of the crest H. Doc.:721, 71st Cong., 3d sess., of dam 8, and dredging a navigable channel at the and Rivers and Harbors Com- head of pool 8. mittee, Doc. 27, 73d Cong., 2d sess. June 26, 19342 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1 Included in the Emergency Relief Administration program Apr. 8, 1935. 2Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. Locks and dams, Allegheny River, Pa. Depths onmiter Location Dimensions sills at normal Character of foundation Type of construction pool level 1 Per- Lift at cent- Year normal Kind of age of opened Estimated or No. Width Avall- pool dam com- to actual cost Miles able level ple- navi- above Nearest town chain- length (feet) Lower Upper Lock Dam Lock Dam tion gation 0 mouth her to full (feet) (feet) (er width (feet) (feet) 2 6.7 Aspinwall, Pa 56 360 11.0 19.0 10.0 Rock... Rock - Fixed__ Concrete- Concrete__ 100 2 1934 $1,763,485 3 14.5 Cheswick, Pa 56 360 13. 5 10. 8 11.8 .. do... Pile-rock_____o do ___do 100 2 1934 1,875, 665 4 24.2 Natrona, Pa 56 360 10.5 10.0 8.5 - _do__ Rock ____ do _dodoo 100 1927 1,707, 690 5 30.4 Freeport, Pa .-..-... 56 360 11.8 10.5 10.3 Piling___ Crib-pile ..... do ____ _do ___do -.... 100 1927 1,940, 537 6 36.3 Clinton, Pa - 56 360 12.2 10. 6 10. 8 Rock P.do d .___dodo - do 100 1928 1, 523,959 7 45.7 Kittanning, Pa_ 56 360 13. 1 9. 8 10.9 Piling - do do do____ do 100 1930 1,460, 008 8 52.6 Templeton, Pa_-_____ 56 360 17.9 10.4 13.8 Rock__... Rock-pile .. _-do __ do______ do ______ 100 1931 2,848, 920 9 62.2 Rimerton, Pa ....... 56 360 22.0 10.5 11.3 do _ Rock _ _dodo___ do d.. 100 1938 2,510,373 Total-- ----------------------------------------------- ------------------- ------------------------------------------- 15,630,637 Abandoned lock and dam 1 _-_ 591, 187 H Abandoned lock and dam 21..------------ - - - - 544, 929 Abandoned lock and dam 3 --.................................... 310, 103 Demolishing old dam 1 3------------ - - ------------------------------------------------------------------ - 26, 001 Dredging channel ............... . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .------------------------------------------------ -- 1,055,(003 Total---.... - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 18, 157,860 1 All depths as shown are on guard sills and are controlling depths. 2 Dates shown represent replacements structures. C0 H y -4 y 00 986 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The city of Pittsburgh has constructed a modern wharf for river freight. There are numerous privately maintained terminals and docks consisting of tipples, various types of hoists, chutes, and pipelines for use in loading and unloading coal, coke, sand, gravel, limestone, cement, petroleum products, steel products, and other commodities. The transshipment of freight between river and railroads is handled at privately owned river-to-river terminals. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: Reestablishment of control monuments and bench marks for navigation surveys were performed by hired labor. Dredging the channel below Lock 7 was completed by the United States derrick boat Monallo, a total of 28,050 cubic yards being removed. Snagging operations were also performed. The locks and dams were operated as required and necessary re- pairs and improvements made thereto and to the appurtenant structures to maintain them in a serviceable condition. In addition to ordinary repairs to structures and plant, the following major work was performed by hired labor: at Lock 2, repairs were made to the upper river wall gate, upper land wall gate operating ma- chinery and lower land wall gate anchorage; and radio-telephone system installed; at Locks 3 and 4, repairs were made to the power- house roof; at Lock 5, repairs were made to the esplanade and powerhouse roof; at Lock 6, repairs were made to oil lines and powerhouse roof; repairs to esplanade and top of river wall were initiated; at Lock 7, repairs were made to the powerhouse roof and oil lines at the upper and lower cross-overs replaced; at Lock 8, repairs were made to the powerhouse roof, guard fence and tur- bines; new timbers were installed in needle beam recesses; repairs were made to the electrical system and lights installed at miter of gates; at Lock 9, repairs were made to air compressor and standby plant, electrical system, upper end of miter timbers on lock gates, powerhouse roof and guard fence; painting of dwellings was ini- tiated; at Locks 2 to 9, dredging of lock chambers and approaches was completed; and installation of safety signs was completed partially. The costs were $344,679, of which $21,657 was for channel main- tenance and $323,022 for operation and care of locks and dams. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete, the last lock being placed in service in 1938. All locks and dams are in good condition. The navigation channel has been widened at certain points and, in general, maintained to project depth thus affording adequate depth for passage of commercial tows. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 987 Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular ----.----------------.... 454, 074 $-------------$14, 232 $5,515, $19,969,306 Maintenance and operation ----------------------------- 16, 000 16,000 Public works---_------------------------------- 1-250, 049-------------- 1,250,049 ------------------ 2,453,737 -- Emergency relief-............................................ 2,453,737 -------- Total................................................. 18,157, 860 5, 531,232 23, 689, 092 In addition, the sum of $3,528,159 was expended between Janu- ary 1, 1903, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent in- definite appropriations for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated----- .....---. $ 325---------- ..........-- -$5-----------------------$18, 157, 860 Cost_----------------- 35 $ 4,571 [ 1 18, 157, 860 Maintenance: Appropriated .-------- 352,400 337,830 332, 500 $369, 900 $336,500 9,072,080 ...------------ Cost-- 345,192 322,581 351,664 364, 914 344,679 9,059,390' 1 Includes $2,453,737 from Emergency Relief funds and $1,250,049 from public works funds. 2. TYGART RIVER DAM, W. VA. Location. The dam site is located on the Tygart River in Tay- lor County, W. Va., about 22.7 miles above the mouth of the river at Fairmount, W. Va. It is 2.25 miles upstream from Grafton, W. Va., and about 78 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Taylor and Barbour Counties, W. Va. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Fairmont, Thornton, and Belington, W. Va.) Existing project. The construction of a concrete gravity dam was authorized by the Public Works Administration January 11, 1934, and adopted by the River and Harbor Act approved Aug- ust 30, 1935. This dam is 1,921 feet in length at the top and rises 207 feet above the river bed at the uncontrolled center spillway section, which is flanked by abutment sections 23 feet higher. The structure provides for the gross controlled storage of 289,600 acre- feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 1,183 square miles. Approximately 278,400 acre-feet of this controlled storage are available for flood prevention in the Monongahela and Ohio Val- leys, while the remaining 11,200 acre-feet are permanent storage. Low water control is also provided by storing 100,000 acre-feet during the spring months for release during low rainfall periods to make up the deficiency of water in the Monongahela River. Two penstocks are contained in the dam for possible future generation of hydroelectric power. 988 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The cost of new work for the completed project is $18,431,844. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $46,000. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its ap- purtenances and to operators' quarters and grounds. No damaging floods occurred on the Monongahela or the upper Ohio River (above Mile 109) during the year. Four moderate rises occurred during which suspension of navigation along the upper end of Lock 15 Pool, Monongahela River, was averted for various periods by reservoir storage. These rises occurred on January 16, 1954, March 2, 1954, March 13, 1954, and April 17-18, 1954. The first two averted suspension of navigation for 11/2 days, the third rise for 21/2 days and the fourth rise for 1 day. Intermittent mod- erate rainfall and snow melt during March 10-13, 1954, produced a moderate rise which resulted in the use of the maximum amount and percent of flood control storage for the year. The reservoir rose to elevation 1061.1 on March 15, 1954, or 51.1 feet above the winter pool. This represents an impoundment of 50,200 acre-feet above pool or about 18 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. During protracted periods in August, September, October, and November, 1953 runoff was deficient in the Monongahela River Basin so that normal pool stages (in the Monongahela River) were maintained only by the release of navigation storage from Tygart Reservoir. The critical low flow period reached 83 days and 66 days, respectively, for the upper and lower Monongahela River during which time navigation would have been completely suspended. The direct benefits to navigation totalled $2,040,000 for low flow aug- mentation in the Monongahela River. It is noteworthy that the in- flow into the reservoir for the 3-month period, September through November, 1953, which totalled only 0.05 inch in runoff, was the lowest since 1930. During January 21-31, 1954, reservoir outflow was regulated to accommodate navigation repair work at Lock 13, Ohio River. Dur- ing the remainder of the year routine operations were made in ac- cordance with the storage schedule, except on the occasion of 9 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. The water stored during one of the minor rises caused the reservoir pool to rise to elevation 1100.0 on Au- gust 10, 1953, or 16.1 feet above normal drawdown pool level for that date. This level, the highest reached during the year, repre- sents an excess impoundment of 27,600 acre-feet or about 14 per- cent of the usable flood storage capacity of the reservoir for that date. Activities under the reservoir management comprising sanita- tion measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The costs were $35,123, all for operation and maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 989 Condition at end of fiscal year. The authorized project is com- plete. The reservoir is in operation for low water control in the Monongahela River and for the purpose of flood protection in the Monongahela and Ohio Valleys. Construction of the dam was started in 1935 and placed in operation in 1938. The costs of the project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular-...----------------------------------- $6431,849 $537, 806 $6 969,655 Public works....--------------------------------------10000,000 ----.------- 10 000, 000 Emergency relief -- .... --....-.. ......._ . .. - . 1,999,995 ...-.--- -1-j 1 999, 995 Total ------------...................................-------------------------- 18, 431, 844 $537,806 18, 969, 650 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - - -- $1, 296 ------ ------------------------ ------------ 1 $18,431,844 Cost------.. ----- -- 4----------------------------------- --------- 118,431,844 Maintenance: Appropriated. -------- 55, 000 38,000 $32, 000 $30, 000 $38, 000 544, 999 Cost....-------------- 51,259 49,793 36,484 33,616 35,123 537,806. 1 Includes $1,999,995 from Emergency Relief funds and $10,000,000 from public works funds. 3. MONONGAHELA RIVER, PA. AND W. VA. Location. This river is formed by the junction of the Tygart and West Fork Rivers about 1 mile south of Fairmont, W. Va., and flows in a northerly direction 128 miles to its junction with the Alle- gheny River, forming the Ohio River at Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for southwestern Pennsylvania and north- ern West Virginia.) Previousprojects. These provided for acquisition by the United States in 1897 of original locks 1 to 7, inclusive, which were built by the Monongahela Navigation Co., and the extension of slack water navigation to the head of the river by the construction of original locks 8 to 15, inclusive, prior to 1904. The projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 3, 1896, and June 4, 1897. For further details see page 1910 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1248, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the improvement of the river by 12 locks and dams to afford slack water navigation for its entire length from Pittsburgh, Pa., to above Fairmont, W. Va., Original locks and dams 7, 8, and 9 were replaced by new locks and dams 7 and 8 in 1925. Increased traffic necessitated an enlargement and improvement of locks and dams 1 to 6 between Pittsburgh and 990 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Rices Landing, Pa., by the building of two parallel chambers and fixed concrete dams. Locks and dam 1 were eliminated in 1938 by the raising of the Emsworth Dam, Ohio River. Reconstruction of locks 2 provides for two modernized navigation locks, one 110 by 720 feet and one 56 by 360 feet. Locks and dams 5 and 6 are inade- quate for the present traffic and are nearing the end of their eco- nomic life and should be replaced. Original locks and dams 10 to 15, inclusive, are inadequate for the present traffic and should be replaced as soon as practicable. Construction of Morgantown lock and dam was the initial step in the replacement program, and replaced locks and dams 10 and 11. Hildebrand and Opekiska locks and dams will replace locks 12 to 15, inclusive. Alterations to dam 8 will raise pool 8 by 4 feet. Comple- tion of these improvements from dam 8 upstream will provide for the entire river length a minimum channel depth of 9 feet, varying in width from a minimum of 300 feet to practically full width at the mouth. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) (exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects) is $118,491,000. This amount is ex- clusive of contributed funds in the estimated amount of $540,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $1,575,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 991 i Acts Work authorized Documents - - Mar. 1, 1899 Enlargement and improvement of lock and dam 6; Annual Report, 1897, p. 2423. additional works at lock 3; new repair steamer and new dredge boat with equipment; all at an esti- mated cost of $185,556. June 13, 1902 Rebuilding of lock and dam 2 "in accordance with Annual Report, 1909, p. 1756. report submitted by the engineer in charge, Feb. 4, 1902" (report not printed), at estimated cost of $655,961. (Estimate increased in 1910 to $698,961.) Mar. 3, 1905 Acquisition of land and additional improvements at Annual Report, 1904, p. 460. 5 and 6 at a cost of $7,850. Dol. .... Rebuilding of lock and dam 3 at estimated cost of H. Doc. 209, 58th Cong., 2d sess. $589,196. Mar. 2, 1907 Reconstruction of lock and dam 5 at estimated cost of Do. $756,042. Mar. 4, 913 Reconstruction of lock and dam 6 at estimated cost of H. Doc. 1217, 62d Cong., 3d sess. $356,400. (Estimate increased in 1916 to $418,860.) Sept. 22, 1922 Additional improvements atestimated cost as follows: H. Doc. 288, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Guide walls and guard walls, 1 to 6_.. $1, 255,130 Lengthening land chamber of lock 3 787, 722 to 720 feet.........................---------------------- New chamber (360 feet long), lock 4_. 699,786 Lock and dam 7 ..------------.....----- 1,161,241 Lock and dam 8---....--- 1,165,758 ....-----------. Lock and dam 7 (second chamber)... 419,126 Lock and dam 8 (second chamber).. 504,465 Reconstruction of dam 4....------------- 397, 211 Marine ways, repair plant, office and warehouse-----------------__ ......---- 250,000 Total.. .. ..---------------------- 6,640,439 July 3, 1930 For construction of new locks and dam 24 miles be- Rivers and Harbors: Committee, low the existing structure, at estimated cost of Doec. 22, 70th Cong.5 2d sess. $2,175,000 in lieu of the work authorized at old lock and dam 4. Jan. 31, 19311 Chief of Engineers authorized to locate the new locks and dam above the existing structure and on such site as he may deem most desirable. June 26,~1934 2 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. May 17, 1950 Modification of the existing project as follows: Senate Doec. 100, 81st Cong., 1st Provide for 2 new locks and dams similar to the seSs. I Morgantown lock and dam to replace existing locks and dams 12 to 15, inclusive. Provide for a movable crest on existing dam 8 to raise the existing pool-full elevation 4 feet. Provide for a navigation channel of 300-foot minimum bottom width and a 9-foot project depth above lock and dam 8. Provide for an extension of the navigable channel of the upper Monongahela River, into the lower Tygart River for a distance of 2.1 miles at a maximum bottom width of 200 feet and a 9-foot project depth. 12 Permanent Pub. Res. 117, 71st Cong., 3d sess. Appropriations Repeal Act. Sig 32-991-1022 Locks and dams, Monongahela River, Pa. and W. Va. 'Depths on miter Location Dimensions sills at normal Character of foundation Type of construction pool level 1 Per- Lift at _ _ cent- Year normal Kind of age of opened Estimated or No. Avail- pool dam com- to actual cost i able level ple- navi- b Nearest town chai- length (feet) Lower Upper Lock Dam Lock Dam tion gation 0 O ber to full (feet) (feet) (feet) width (feet) 1- f 2 11.2 Braddock, Pa ...... 3456 4362 8.71 10.7 11.6 Piles ...... Crib pile.-- Fixed ..... Concrete_ Concrete_. 100 1905 2 6$18,415,098 3 23.8 Elizabeth, Pa_______.. 3 56 3720 8.2 1 11.6 11.9 Rock-......do-.... - -- do .. . do-......do 100 19072 1,681,538 4 41.5 Charleroi, Pa- -. . . 356{ 360 1.6 10.7 14.0 Piles Piles...... __do .. _do.___i do__ 100 1932 2 2,173,767 tJ O 5 56.5 Brownsville, Pa..... 3 56 360 12.4 11.1 11.5 Rock pilej Crib pile l do - .do........-do....... 100 1909 2 1,074,812 6 68.3 Rices Landing, Pa ...... 356 360 13.1 10.5 11.3 Rock- Crib rock ...do.... do Timber 100 1916 2 770,449 and con- crete. z 7 Greensboro, Pa_--- 85.0 56 360 15.0 10.0 10.5 do.. Rock .do.... - do.. Concrete. 100 19252 2,639,804 8 Point Marion, Pa -... 90.8 556 360 15.0 10.0 10.5 _.do- . do. .do..... do... .. do ....-- 100 19253 2,086,438 C 102.0 Morgantown Lock and 8 14 600 18.0 14.5 17.8 _ do .-..... .do ...---- Movable __do. .do . 100 1950 8,778,000 z Dam, Morgantown, crest. tC W. Va. 12 109.5 Little Falls,.W. Va-... 56 182 10.7 7.0 7.0 do ... do ... Fixed . -.. do-.. .. __. do... 100 1903 200,550 13 111.7 .... do - . ...- .. .. .. .. R 56 182 10.7 7.0 7.0 do-.....do......do--...do... .. do ... 100 1904 190,691 u ;. 14 115.3 Lowsville, W. Va ....... 5 56 182 10.7 7.1 7.0 -. do--- - _-_do.-. ._do---- -_do--.. _--do---. 100 1903 210,127 15 124.6 Hoult, W. Va-.. __-__. 56 182 10.7 7.0 7.0 -do ....--- do ... do...------------ do... .. do 100 1903 175,829 Marine ways, etc ......... .----------. 250,000 .- Abandoned lock and dam ___-___-_____. .....- ---------------------------- .-- 1,019,907 Abandoned lock and dam 4 ..----...... 780,816 Abandoned lock and dam 7- ........... . 213,776 Abandoned lock and dam 8 -........ . ------- .------------------- 245,900 Abandoned lock and dam 9 --------..... ....... ...... . 191,000 Abandoned lock and dam 10 ______________ .. 210,445 Abandoned lock and dam 11_ -.......... . .. . . .. . . . . . .. 227, 668 Dredging...._....--------------------. .................. 587,899 . Total-....... ...----------------- -------------------- 42,124,514 1 All depths as shown are on gtuard sills and are controlling depths. 4 Dimensions for existing locks: reconstruction provides for 1 chamber 110 x 720 feet and 2Dates shown for locks and dams Nos. 2 to 8, inclusive, represent reconstruction, auxiliary chamber 56 x 360 feet. 22Chambers. ' Includes $17,510,000 for reconstruction of locks, of which $540,000 is to be contributed. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 993 Terminal facilities. The city of Pittsburgh has constructed a modern wharf for river freight. Boat landings are maintained by some municipalities along the river. A large number of tipples at mines and various types of hoists at manufacturing plants and sand and gravel supply companies are maintained for private use in loading and unloading coal, coke, billets, steel products, sand, gravel, and other commodities. These terminals and docks are not available for the purpose of general commerce. A number of docks and pipelines are also privately maintained for petroleum and acid products. Marine ways are maintained by some of the larger industries. There are also several terminals for rail-to-river and river-to-rail transfer. Existing private terminals are adequate for shipments and re- ceipt in the Pittsburgh district of the type of commerce now in existence. The provision of river-to-rail and rail-to-river transfer terminals on an extensive scale is not important, since 98 percent of traffic using the river passes through the private terminals, which are more than adequate for the prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Recon- struction of locks 2: Engineering and design, including the check- ing of change orders and the preparation of as built plans were completed for the 110 foot lock chamber. Construction of the 110-foot lock and appurtenances was com- pleted during the year. The work performed included the comple- tion of the concreting of the upper and lower miter sills, the emer- gency dam sill, the lock chamber floor and the esplanade in which was placed approximately 18,000 cubic yards of concrete. Also com- pleted during the year was the emergency dam, the emergency dam monorail and hoists, the butterfly valves, the operating machinery including the electric light and power installation and the lock gates. The upper and lower approaches to the 110 foot lock cham- ber were dredged and the rock pavement placed in the approaches. The remaining part of the cellular cofferdam was removed and all painting and testing completed. The final inspection was made and the lock accepted November 12, 1953. A storehouse building was erected behind the land wall by contract. Morgantown lock and dam: Remaining work on as built plans was completed. Payment of executed option price on sewer claim and acquisition cost was completed. Work relative to land acquisi- tion was completed. Dam 8: Advance planning on this project was brought to a de- sirable stopping point early in the fiscal year and further engineer- ing and design activities temporarily deferred. Hildebrand lock and dam: Advance planning was in progress throughout the year. The general design memorandum was com- pleted. Detailed design and preparation of plans for the lock were in progress. Operation and maintenance, general: Reestablishment of control monuments and bench marks was in progress during the year. Snagging was performed where required. Condition surveys were made at various locations and dredging to project dimensions per- 994 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 formed. A total of 13,305 cubic yards was removed from the chan- nel at several locations and deposited in disposal areas by the United States Derrickboat Monallo. The locks and dams were operated as required and necessary repairs and improvements made thereto and to the appurtenant structures to maintain them in a serviceable condition. In addition to ordinary repairs to structures and plant, the following major work was performed by hired labor: Locks 3: The powerhouse was rebuilt, lower lock gates in the land chamber replaced, stone placed at the upper guard wall and the tur- bine repaired; refacing of the upper guard wall by guniting was initiated; at locks 4, valves and sills and the turbine were repaired; at locks 5, gate and valve operating machinery and the top of the lower guide wall were repaired; at locks 6, repairs were made to the turbine and gate and valve operating machinery, and lower lock gates, river chamber, repaced; installation of the visual signal system and repairs to lock walls and valves, sills and gates, land chamber, completed; at locks 7, repairs were made to the tur- bine and lock valves and wickets were installed in the upper lock gates; at locks 8, repairs were made to the turbine and valves; at Morgantown locks, a walkway under the bridge was installed; at locks 2-15, lock chambers and approaches were dredged. The costs were $2,055,169, of which 838,922 was for new work, $24,159 for channel maintenance, and $1,192,088 for operation and care at locks and dam. Condition at end of fiscal year. The locks and dams are in op- eration and are complete except for replacement of locks 5 and 6, raising the crest of dam 8, and replacement of locks 12 to 15, :in- clusive, by construction of Hildebrand lock and dam and Opekiska lock and dam. A controlling depth of 9 feet in the navigation chan- nel is maintained from Pittsburgh to the upper reaches of pool 8 which has a controlling depth of approximately 7 feet. The recent construction of Morgantown lock and dam provides for a 9-foot channel from Morgantown dam to lock and dam 12. Upon comple- tion of improvements at dam 8, and construction of Hildebrand lock and dam and Opekiska lock and dam, a minimum channel depth of 9 feet will exist for the entire length of the river, varying in width from a minimum of 300 feet to full width of the river at the mouth. Reconstruction of the 56-foot lock (river chamber) at locks 2 was commenced by contract January 7, 1949, and was ac- cepted as complete June 29, 1951. Construction of the 110-foot lock (land chamber) was initiated by contract June 26, 1951, and was completed November 29, 1953. Construction of Morgantown lock and dam was started by contract September 9, 1948, and accepted as complete December 22, 1950. All miscellaneous appurtenances pertaining to the new lock are complete. Relocations and land ac- quisition are complete. No work has been performed in connection with the proposed replacement of locks and dams 5 and 6. In con- nection with the proposed improvements at dam 8, a definite pro- ject report is complete and detailed design studies initiated. Work on this project has been temporarily deferred. The general design RIVERS AND HARBORS-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 995 memorandum is complete and was submitted March 25, 1954, for Hildebrand lock and dam. Detailed design and preparation of plans is in progress. Work remaining for completion of the project consists of the following: Replacement of locks 5 and 6; raising the crest of dam 8; construction of Hildebrand lock and dam which will replace existing locks and dams 12 and 13; and construction of Opekiska lock and dam to replace existing locks and dams 14 and 15. The total costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular___ $36, 289,673 $15,109,982 $51, 399,655 Maintenance and operation_______________________________ 150,000 150,000 Total 36, 289, 673 15, 259, 982 51, 549, 655 In addition the sum of $20,446,587 was expended between July 7, 1897, and June 30, 1937, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated-__--_ $6, 615,000 $5,511,000 $4, 064,400 $2,696,000 $ 321,589 $41,744,502 Cost----------- - 8,778,155 4,297,271 2,904, 523 5,006,351 838,922 41, 710,214 Maintenance: Appropriated _- 1, 426,870 986, 260 1, 745, 100 1, 335, 100 1, 110, 000 35, 770, 471 Cost--------------- 1,399,260 1,058,401 1,462,060 1,464,219 1,216,247 35,707, 311 1Includes $5,420,541 for new work and $742 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $33,695 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----- -- 40,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------------------------------------------- 73,695 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ 82,127,039 4. OHIO RIVER ABOVE MILE 109, BETWEEN CAPTINA ISLAND AND POWHATAN POINT, CONSTRUCTION OF LOCKS AND DAMS For report on this improvement, see page 869. 5. OHIO RIVER, OPEN-CHANNEL WORK For report on this improvement, see page 875. 996 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 6. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Allegheny River, Pa., open-channel work.. 1934 $197, 000.00 $133,839.89 (1) 2. Beaver and Mahoning Rivers, Pa. and Ohio 2__ 1938 $57, 000, 000 3. Buckhannon River, W. Va.3 4 1893 5,500.00 --- (1) 4. Cheat River, W. Va.3 4_________________________ 1895 12,996.84 - (1) 5. .... ____....______ Pittsburgh Harbor, Pa_____ . 1922 110,662.90 81,613.33 (1) 6. Youghiogheny River, Pa--- ................. .. 1952 5 47,194.75 6 126, 239.25 78,785,000 1 Completed. 2 Under date of Jan. 23,1939, the Chief of Engineers recommended the construction of a waterway ex- tending from the Ohio River through the Beaver, Mahoning and Grand River Valleys to Lake Erie (H. Doc. 178, 76th Cong., 1st sess.). 3 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 4 No commerce reported. 5 Previous project data. e Includes $1,700 expended under previous project. 7 Lack of interest in project. 7. PORTVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, N. Y. Location. The village of Portville is located on the east bank of the Allegheny River between two tributaries, Oswayo and Lilli- bridge Creeks in the southeastern corner of Cataraugus County in southwestern New York. Dodge Creek, another tributary, flows through the village. It is located in an essentially flat flood plain, approximately 265 miles above the mouth of the Allegheny River at Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological chart for Olean, N. Y.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of dikes and flood walls along Dodge Creek, Oswayo Creek and the Allegheny River, realinement of Lillibridge Creek, erection of appurtenant structures, and provision of internal drain- age facilities. The project is designed to accommodate discharges slightly greater than that of the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The Federal cost of the completed project is $2,070,484; non- Federal cost $353,000. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of local cooperation have been received from the State of New York. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Miscel- laneous engineering and design work was completed by hired labor. Settlement was made on a claim arising from construction of qnit 2. The costs, all for new work, were $11,760. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of unit 1 of the flood protection works was started by contract July 23, 1949, and was completed October 24, 1950. Unit 2 of the project was started by contract May 22, 1950, and was completed November 8, 1951. The State of New York has formally accepted the completed pro- ject and assumed the responsibility for maintenance and operation in accordance with operations manuals furnished them. Construc- tion of Main Street Bridge by the State of New York was corre- lated with construction of the project. The cost borne by the Gov- FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 997 ernment was representative of the cost of raising the bridge had that plan been followed. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $2,070,484, all for new work. Cost and financidl summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_ _ . $520, 900 $1,198,100 . -- $14, 200 -$34, 316 $2, 070,484 Cost ------------- --- 435,264 1,076,310 437,030 3,975 11,760 2,070,484 8. OLEAN, OHIO RIVER BASIN, N. Y. Location. The city of Olean is located at the confluence of the Allegheny River and Olean Creek in the southeastern corner of Cattaraugus County in southwestern New York. It is situated in a broad glacial outwash filled valley of the Allegheny River in the maturely dissected Allegheny plateau approximately 258 miles above the mouth of the Allegheny River at Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Chart for Olean, N. Y.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the improvement and extension of the existing dike and appurtenant structures along the Allegheny River, Olean Creek, and Kings Brook, together with certain limited channel improvements in the Allegheny River and Kings Brook. The project is designed to ac- commodate discharges slightly greater than that of the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The Federal cost of the completed project is $3,217,531; non- Federal cost $597,000. Local cooperation. Formal assurances of local cooperation have been received from the State of New York. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering and design was completed during the year. Settlement was made on a claim arising for construction of Unit 2B. Seeding of the dike was accepted. The costs were $3,365, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project by contract was started April 19, 1948. The work was accomplished by units, namely, units 1, 2A and 2B. Unit 1 was started April 19, 1948, and was completed May 31, 1949. Unit 2A was started July 7, 1949, and completed May 31, 1951. Unit 2B was started June 1, 1950, and completed October 4, 1952. The completed units were turned over to the State of New York on December 22, 1950, July 19, 1951, and September 29, 1952, respectively, for assumption of operation and maintenance in accordance with operation manuals furnished them. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,217,531, all for new work. 998 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June s lya .... .30, endng 1954, includ- 1950 1951 - 1952 1953 1954 ing fiscal years priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ........ $744,100 $1, 200,000 $ 42,900 $ 1,700 -$4,169 $3, 217,531 Cost---------------- 855,437 1,015,905 740,495 110,302 3,365 3,217,531 9.BRADFORD, PA. Location. The city of Bradford is located at the junction of the East and West Branches of Tunungwant Creek in northern McKean County, northwestern Pennsylvania. It is situated in the well-known Bradford oil field on a broad plain at the head on Tun- ungwant Creek, a tributary of the upper Allegheny River, in the maturely dissected northern part of the Kanawha section of the Appalachian province, approximately 159 miles northeast of Pitts- burgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological charts for Bradford, Pa.-N. Y., Kinzua, Pa.-N. Y., and Salamanca, N. Y.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for in- creasing the channel capacity by deepening, lining and construc- tion of cutoffs in the existing channels. The extent of the plan in- volves 'improvements for Tunungwant Creek, East Branch, West Branch, Foster Brook, Bolivar Run, and Kendall Creek. The proj- ect is designed to accommodate discharges 50 percent greater than that of the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $8,100,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $1,940,000. Local cooperation. Specific requirements of local cooperation required by the authorizing act are set forth in report of the Chief of Engineers published in Senate Document 20, 81st Congress, 1st session. A Bradford district flood control authority, composed of representatives of Bradford, McKean County, Borough of Lewis Run, and Foster, Bradford and Lafayette Townships, Pa., has been constituted under the laws of Pennsylvania to conduct flood. con- trol affairs for the Bradford area. This authority expects to provide the required local cooperation. The Commonwealth of Pennsyl- vania has been active in solving the flood problem existing at Brad- ford and has improved the lower portion of Tunungwant Creek, conforming to the project plan. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Advance engineering and design for a general design memorandum was completed. Field surveys were also completed. Preparation of con- tract plans and specifications was initiated. The total costs were $26,545, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. A general design memorandum is complete. Preparation of contract plans and specifications is under way. Construction of the project has not been initiated. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $62,574. FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 999 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: $ Appropriated -....... ........ .. _....-.. .- $54,000 $10,000 $64,000 Cost .........----- ------------ --------- 36,029 26,545 62,574 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--- --------- $1, 426 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_- 80,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---,------------------------- ---------- ---- 81,426 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project-------------------------------- 7,956,000 10. TIONESTA RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Tionesta Creek, 1.25 miles above the junction of the creek with the Allegheny River at Tio- nesta, Pa., and about 78 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Forest County, Pa. (See U. S. Geo- logical Survey charts for Tionesta, Tidioute, and Sheffield, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir dam of the earthfill type with separate uncon- trolled saddle spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,050 feet long at the top, rises 154 feet above the stream bed, and pro- vides for the gross storage of 133,400 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 478 square miles. Of this storage 125,600 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 7,800 acre- feet are in permanent storage. The reservoir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley generally. The existing project was au- thorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 and June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $5,213,401. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $61,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances and to the operators' quarters and grounds. In addition to ordinary repairs to structures and plant, gate hoist cables were replaced. No damaging floods occurred on the Allegheny or Upper Ohio River (above mile 109) during the year. Heavy rainfall during February 28 to March 1, 1954, produced a moderate rise which re- sulted in the reservoir reaching the highest level during the year, elevation 1114.5 on March 3 or 29.5 feet above minimum pool. This represents an impoundment of 22,900 acre-feet above that 1000 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 pool or about 18 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. The reservoir pool was drawn down below minimum pool during April 28 to May 1, 1954. An oil line broke in a headwater stream of the basin releasing crude oil which drained into the reservoir. To decrease the reservoir pollution, the pool was lowered rapidly as the oil reached the reservoir pool pulling practically all the oil through the outlet tunnel. The discharge was regulated during May 13 to 27, 1954, to facilitate the construction of an outflow gage house downstream from the outlet tunnel. During the re- mainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 18 minor rises when some water was stored and re- leased as: river conditions permitted. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and opera- tion and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $51,495, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete, and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Con- struction of the dam was started in May 1938 and completed in January 1941. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 3,040 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 349 acres. A master land use plan is complete. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Regular funds: New work. ....................................... .............................. $5 189, 200 Operation and maintenance, general.........................408, 710 Total-....----:......... 5, 597, 910 Emergency Relief funds: New work ------------------.......------------- 24,201 Total costs, all funds...................-------------------------------- 5, 622, 111 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ........ -$60,000 - ------- -- ----- --- -- ------ S$5,213,401 Cost -------------- $59,921 4, 412 $14,407 -- - - - - ----- . 5' 213, 401 Maintenance: Appropriated .. . 44,000 43,800 32, 500 $56,000 $50,600 417,100 Cost... _ _______.. . 46,642 33, 904 42, 819 50,971 51,495 408, 710 I Includes $24,201 Emergency Relief funds. 11. EAST BRANCH, CLARION RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located in Elk County, Pa., on the East Branch of the Clarion River above Middle Fork, approxi- mately 7 miles above the junction of the East and West Branches FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1001 of the Clarion River at Johnsonburg, Pa., and approximately 151 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Elk County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Mount Jewett, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reser- voir dam of the rolled earthfill type with gate-controlled concrete tunnel under right abutment and a paved uncontrolled spillway on the left abutment slope. The dam, 1,725 feet long at the top and rising 184 feet above the stream bed, will provide for the gross controlled storage of 84,300 acre-feet, from a tributary drainage area of 72.5 square miles. Of the total storage, 83,300 acre-feet will be available for flood control and low water regulation pur- poses, in the Clarion River Valley below. The remaining 1,000 acre-feet will be in permanent storage. The reservoir will be oper- ated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Acts approved June 28, 1938, and December 22, 1944. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $9,003,000. The latest (1954) approved esti- mate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $34,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering and design work was continued during the year by hired labor. Preparation of plans and specifications for recreation facili- ties was under way by hired labor. Construction of the operators' quarters, permanent warehousing, utilities and parking area was completed by contract November 25, 1953. General cleanup and landscaping was completed by hired labor. Remedial measures for the outlet works were completed by hired labor. Installation of recording gages was initiated. Acquisition of land and related work was continued. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was oper- ated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary re- pairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances. Heavy rainfall late on August 9, 1953, over the upper Clarion River Basin after a period of appreciable antecedent rainfall caused nuisance flooding at Ridgway and light flooding at Johnson- burg. The Clarion River crested on the 10th at 7.2 feet at John- sonburg and 7.4 feet at Ridgway, while the reductions by the reser- voir were 3.0 feet and 2.85 feet, respectively. Moderate flood bene- fits were achieved by this reservoir along the upper Clarion River valley and were as follows: Ridgway Damage District, $43,400; Johnsonburg Damage district, $24,900. The water stored during this flood caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1658.5 on the 12th or 9.2 feet above the normal drawdown pool level on that date. This represents an impoundment of 8,800 acre-feet above schedule or about 22 percent of the usable flood storage capacity of the reservoir for that date. This rise resulted in the use of the maximum amount and percent of flood control storage for the year. Heavy rainfall on March 1, 1954, over the upper Clarion River 1002 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Basin caused nuisance flooding at both Johnsonburg and Ridgway. The Clarion River crested in the evening on the 1st at 6.5 feet at Johnsonburg and 9.0 feet at Ridgway, while the reductions by the reservoir were 1.0 feet and 0.7 foot, respectively. Light flood bene- fits were achieved along the Upper Clarion River valley and were as follows: Ridgway Damage District, $11,700; Johnsonburg Dam- age District, $8,800. Water was stored during this flood in accord- ance with the low water storage schedule, the reservoir pool rising to the upper storage guide for early March. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made in accordance with the low water schedule for maintaining satis- factory flows in the upper Clarion River, except on the occasion of 17 minor rises when water was stored, with the excess above nor- mal schedule storage being released as river conditions permitted. Heavy rainfall during April 26-27, 1954, produced a minor rise which resulted in the reservoir reaching the highest level during the year, elevation 1671.5 on the 29th, or 1.5 feet above summer pool. This represents an impoundment of 1,800 acre-feet above summer pool or about 91/2 percent of the usable summer flood stor- age capacity of the reservoir. On November 22, 1953, the reservoir had fallen to elevation 1621.2, the lowest elevation for the 1953 low water season; the season of the low water reservoir operation which was on a com- plete low water storage schedule. The total costs were $206,630, of which $174,915 was for new work and $31,715 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The opencut excavation for the outlet works was started June 1947 and completed May 1948. Con- struction of the outlet works commenced June 8, 1948, and ac- ceptance of the work was made May 29, 1951. A contract for fur- nishing operating equipment and its installation in the control tower of the outlet works is complete. Construction of the embank- ment and spillway was initiated July 20, 1949, and was accepted as complete July 17, 1952. Reservoir clearing was completed July 3, 1952. Construction of the operators' quarters, permanent warehousing, utilities and parking area by contract was initiated March 10, 1953, and was accepted as complete November 25, 1953. Landscaping and general cleanup is complete. Remedial measures for the outlet works are complete. Land acquisition and related work is approximately 95 percent complete. The total acreage in- volved is 2,072 acres and consists of 1,252 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 820 acres. Of a total of 62 tracts, 57 have been acquired to date. The dam was placed in operation during June 1952 for flood control and stream flow regulation (water supply and pollution abatement). Work remaining to be done consists of miscellaneous engineer- ing and design, acquisition of land, installation of recording gages, and construction of recreation facilities. The total costs at the end of the fiscal year were $8,969,427, of which $8,914,293 was for new work and $55,134 for operation and maintenance, general. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1003 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-._---- $2,200,000 $1,300,000 $2,000,000 $313,900 -$14, 232 $8, 988,268 --------------- Cost.... 1, 707, 661 2, 735,182 2, 398, 327 150,012 174,915 8,.914, 293 Maintenance: Appropriatednan- 8,500 18,000 28,900 55,400 Cost.-----------.. ----.-------------- 2,968 20, 451 31,715 55,134 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_- - $23,469 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------- 14,232 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955____ -37,701 12. JOHNSONBURG, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The city of Johnsonburg is located at the confluence of the East and West branches of Clarion River in Elk County, Pa., about 100 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Ridgeway, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of dikes, walls, and appurtenant drainage facilities, pri- marily along the right bank of the West Branch of Clarion River, and improvement of the channel of the West Branch and Silver Creek. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1944. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $750,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $127,000. Local cooperation. The borough of Johnsonburg has signified by letter their willingness to comply with the requirements for local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: A gen- eral design memorandum and plans and specifications for Unit I were completed. The total costs were $29,999, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. A general design memorandum and plans and specifications for construction of Unit I are com- plete. Construction has not been initiated. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $53,850. 1004 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953: 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- --.. . $21, 551 -$4, 000 -$700---- -- 30,000 $53, 851 Cost...----------------- 5,580 15,035 2,642------------ 29,999 53,850 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 _.. $1 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_- 300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ -- -------- ------- ------- ------ 300,001 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ -- 396,149 13. PUNXSUTAWNEY, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The borough of Punxsutawney is located on Mahon- ing Creek in Jefferson County, Pa., approximately 85 miles north- east of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated on a comparatively wide, alluvial flood plain about 52 miles above the mouth of the stream and 30 miles above the Mahoning Creek flood control dam. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Punxsutawney and Smicks- burg, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement consists princi- pally of deepening, widening, and straightening the creek channel for a distance of approximately 18,838 feet, and complementing this with approximately 10,352 feet of rolled fill dikes, 2,627 feet of walls, 700 feet of pressure conduit for Barrett Run, and internal drainage facilities including a pumping station and flush house. The project is designed to accommodate discharges 20 percent greater than that of the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $3,585,200; the estimated non-Federal cost is $199,000. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $8,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: All work relative to land acquisition and related work was completed. Pre- paration of plans and specifications for remedial control facilities on outlets through the dike were initiated during the year by hired labor. Operation and maintenance, general: Routine inspections were made throughout the year. The total costs were $2,582, of which $707 was for new work and $1,875 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete ex- cept for remedial control facilities on outlets through the dikes. Construction was accomplished by units consisting of units 1, 2, 2A, and 2B. Construction of unit 1, involving 10,200 linear feet of improvement was started in May 1946 and was completed in May FLOOD CONTROL -PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT .... 1005 1947.: Unit 2 (initial work), consisting of relocation of sewers and construction of the Barrett Run conduit, was started in De- cember 1947 and was completed in August 1948. Unit 2A, involv- ing 4,400 linear feet of improvement was started in April 1948 and was completed in April 1949. Unit 2B, involving 4,225 linear feet of improvement, was started in February 1949 and was com- pleted in June 1950. Relocations are complete. Acquisition :of land is complete. The total acreage involved in unit 1 consists of perpetual easements over 49.7 acres and temporary easements over 18.9 acres. The total acreage involved in unit 2 consists of per- petual easements over 47.8 acres and temporary easements over 1.9 acres. On July 31, 1950, the Borough of Punxsutawney formally accepted the complete project and assumed the responsi- bility for maintenance and operation. Work remaining to be done consists of construction of remedial control facilities on outlets through the dike (unit 2--initial work). The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,591,178, of which $3,581,077 was for new work and $10,101 for operation and maintenance, general. In addition, $180,485 was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated. $830,000 -$150,000 ..----- --$7,800 -$7,000 1$3585,163 Cost --...-.- . ..- 797, 446 33, 690 $19, 361 -9, 409 707 13, 581,077 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 14,000 3,000 -8, 000 1,400 10, 400 Cost --------------- ----------- . -- 1,971 5, 750 505 1, 875 10,101 '.In addition $180,485 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - - - $ 4,086 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ - - 4,086 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954,includ- years ing fical 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated---- ---------------------- -$30, 000 - - *-$18,297 $180,485 Cost---------------- $37,256 $11,403----- ... 180,485 tothe Borough ofPunxsutawney, Punxsutawney, Pa. *Refund ofthe unexpended balance of$18,297 14. MAHONING CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Mahoning Creek in Arm- strong County, Pa., 21.6 miles above the junction of the creek with the Allegheny River. It is about 61/2 miles southeast of New Bethle- hem, Pa.; and about 51 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The 1006 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 reservoir is located in Armstrong, Ind., and Jefferson Counties, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Rural Valley and Smicks- burg, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir dam of the concrete :gravity type with a gate- controlled center spillway flanked by abutment sections joining the valley sides. The dam is 926 feet long at the top, rises 162 feet above:the stream-bed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 74,200 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 339 square.miles. Of this storage 69,700 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, gen- erally. The remaining 4,500 acre-feet are in permanent storage. Two penstocks are contained in the structure for possible future generation of hydroelectric power. The reservoir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pitts- burgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $6,421,345. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $47,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance general: The reservoir was operated for flood control, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarter and grounds throughout the year. No damaging floods occurred on the Allegheny or upper Ohio River (above mile 109) during the year. Heavy rainfall during February 28-March 1, 1954, produced a moderate rise which re- sulted in the reservoir reaching the highest level during the year, elevation 1127.6 on March 3, 1954, or 52.6 feet above minimum pool. This represents a net impoundment of 20,000 acre feet above that pool or about 29 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. During the remainder of the year routine operations were made except on the occasion of 18 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. An access road and parking area were resurfaced by contract. The total costs were $38,969, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley generally. Construction of the dam was started in February 1939 and com- pleted in June 1941. All work in connection with relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 2,533.49 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 76.89 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1007 Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular..i . . - . . . " I$6,395,674 $339,944 $6,735,618 Emergency relief----------- .... . .... ..--------------------- - 25,671---------------- 25,671 TTotal- ------------------------------------------ 6,421,345 339,944 6,761,289 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June " ' __ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--- ---..-------- ----$62, 609 '1$6, 421,345 Cost------.. -----.. -- $12,149 629 1 6, 421, 345 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ 27, 000 25, 000 $36, 000 $21, 000 $36, 300 341,300 Cost---------------- 32,524 21,097 31,145 26, 950 38,969 339,944 1Includes $25,671 Emergency Relief funds. 15. CROOKED CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Crooked Creek 6.7 miles above the junction of the creek with the Allegheny River near Ford City, Pa., and about 32 miles northeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Armstrong County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Freeport and Elders Ridge, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood- control reservoir dam of the earthfill type with separate uncon- trolled saddle spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,480 feet long at the top, rises 143 feet above the streambed, and pro- vides for the gross storage of 93,900 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 277 square miles. Of this storage 89,400 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the Upper Ohio Valley, generally. The remaining 4,500 acre-feet are in permanent storage. The reservoir is operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley generally. The existing project was author- ized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $4,204,888. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $37,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for the benefit of flood control, as required, and necessary repairs were made to the dam and its appurtenances and to operators' quarters and grounds. No damaging floods occurred on the Allegheny or upper Ohio River (above mile 109) during the year. Heavy rainfall during February 28-March 1, 1954, produced a moderate rise which 1008 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 resulted in the reservoir reaching the highest level during the year, elevation 864.5 on March 3, 1954, or 24.5 feet above minimum pool. This represents a net impoundment of 14,300 acre-feet above that pool or about 16 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. During the remainder of the year routine operations were made except on the occasion of 16 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation measures, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of certain public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $24,823, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and its appurtenances are complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in March 1938 and completed in October 1940. All work relative to the relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 3,563.55 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 99.98 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular --------------------------------------- $4, 141,000 $393, 529 $4,534,629 Emergency relief.. .. ............------------------- ----------------- 63,788 63,788 Total........------.......---------------------------------------- ... . 4,204,888 393,529 4,598,417 Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June - 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .------------------------------------ 4,204,888 $--------------------- Cost------------ ----- $3,958 $27,381 4,204,888 Maintenance: Appropriated-- ------ 65,000 36, 500 $27,500 $24,500 $21,200 396,700 Cost----------------.. 72, 608 32,848 25,464 29,226 24,823 393,529 Includes $63,788 from Emergency Relief funds. 16. JOHNSTOWN, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The city of Johnstown is located in southwestern Cambria County, Pa., approximately 58 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated in a deep and comparatively narrow valley at the junction of Stony Creek and Little Conemaugh River, which unite to form the Conemaugh River. (See U.S. Geological Survey Chart for Johnstown, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for in- creasing the channel capacity by enlarging and realining the exist- FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1009 ing channels and protecting the banks with concrete pavement. Miscellaneous features of work include relocation of railroad tracks, highway and utilities, and alterations to sewers, drains, bridge piers, and other structures. The improvement involves about 46,290 feet of channel as follows: The Conemaugh River for a distance of 19,270 feet extending from the "Point" downstream to about 2,650 feet below the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge at Dornick Point; the Little Conemaugh River for a distance of 6,950 feet from the "Point" upstream to about 150 feet below the Pennsylvania Railroad bridge in the vicinity of Fifth Street; and Stony Creek for a distance of 20,700 feet from the "Point" upstream to about 500 feet above the Ferndale Bridge in the vicinity of the borough of Ferndale. The project is designed to accommodate discharges equivalent to those of the March 1936 flood, the maximum natural flow of record, with a minimum of overbank flow and to practically eliminate damages therefrom. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts, approved June 22, 1936, and August 28, 1937. The cost of the completed project is $8,865,388. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $14,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The channel was maintained in a satisfactory condition. Stream gaging activities were performed by hired labor. Broken concrete paving was repaired and wood handrail replaced by hired labor. Willow growth was removed from the channel by contract. The costs were $21,303, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The improved channels are fully complete. Construction was accomplished by units, consisting of units 1, 2, 3, and supplementary unit 2A, all in the Conemaugh River section; unit 4, comprising the Little Conemaugh River sec- tion; and units 5 and 6 comprising the Stony Creek section. Con- struction of the project commenced in August 1938 and was completed in November 1943. Footer protection for unit 4 was completed November 1949. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 0.60 acre in fee simple and flowage ease- ments over 397.16 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds IOperation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular___-- - -- $8, 831,965 $135, 787 $8, 967,752 Emergency relief_.. 33,423 ----------------.. 33,423 Total ..... ... ....... 8, 865,388 135,787 9, 001,175 1010 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .----- -$24,585 1$8,865,388 Cost.---------------- 495,960 ----------------------- ----- ----- - 8,865,388 Maintenance: Appropriated_...._ - 18,000 $4, 000 $5, 500 $27,800 $26, 500 151,200 Cost------------- ----.... 17, 371 1,360 7, 967 20,044 21,303 135, 787 ' Includes $33,423 from Emergency Relief funds. 17. CONEMAUGH RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on the Conemaugh River in Indiana and Westmoreland Counties, Pa., 7.5 miles above the junc- tion of Conemaugh River and Loyalhanna Creek, which form the head of Kiskiminetas River. It is about 2 miles northeast of Tunnel- ton, Pa., and about 42 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Westmoreland and Indiana Counties, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Latrobe, New Florence, and Elders Ridge, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood control reservoir dam of the concrete gravity type with a gate- controlled center spillway flanked by abutment sections joining the valley sides and an earth embankment terminating in the right abut- ment. The dam, 1,265 feet long at the top and rising 137 feet above the stream bed, will provide for the gross controlled storage of 274,000 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 1,351 square miles. Of this storage, 270,000 acre-feet will be available for flood control purposes. The remaining 4,000 acre-feet will be in permanent storage. The reservoir will be operated as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley, generally. The existing project was author- ized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The estimated cost for new work (1954) is $45,984,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $48,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering and design work were continued during the year. Installation of 2 gantry cranes and 14 crest gates, operators' quarters, storage facilities, public sanitary building and appurten- ant work, and the dike in the vicinity of Blairsville were completed by contract during the year. Grading and landscaping were com- pleted by hired labor. Filling of building foundations and general cleanup was continued by hired labor. In connection with railroad relocations, the Pennsylvania Rail- road completed operations performed under agreement, which in- volves alterations to their facilities. Work on highway relocations was completed in the reservoir area as provided for in an agreement with the Commonwealth of Penn- FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1011 sylvania. Relocations or alteration of township roads was completed as provided for in an agreement. Negotiations with various owning agencies relative to relocation of utilities in the reservoir area were continued with work completed on a number of them. Land acquisi- tion and related work was continued by hired labor. Operation and maintenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively for flood control as required. No damaging floods occurred on the Allegheny or upper Ohio River (above Mile 109) during the year. Heavy rainfall during February 28-March 1, 1954, produced a moderate rise which resulted in the reservoir reaching the highest level during the year, elevation 928.9 on March 3, 1954, or 48.9 feet above minimum pool. This represents a net impoundment of 59,600 acre-feet above that pool or about 22 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. The reservoir was maintained several feet below minimum pool from July 26, 1953, until August 27, 1953, in order to remove and burn the debris against the trash boom in the reservoir above the dam. The outflow was regulated on September 18, 1953, to present a certain desired effect of outflow from the sluices at the time of the dedication cermony for the Conemaugh Dam conducted by Major General Samuel D. Sturgis, Jr., Chief of Engineers. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 11 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. The costs during the year were $2,796,540, of which $2,754,824 was for new work and $41,716 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and appurtenant work was commenced by contract April 25, 1949, and accepted as complete December 31, 1952. Drilling and grouting the foundation of the dam by contract commenced June 4, 1952, and was completed January 14, 1953. Clearing the reservoir area of floatable material is complete. Contracts to furnish and erect 2 gantry cranes and 14 crest gates were commenced November 16 and: December 9, 1951, and were completed August 6, 1953, and September 4, 1953, respectively. Construction by contract of opera- tors' quarters, storage building and public sanitary building was commenced November 22, 1952, and completed July 21, 1953. Con- struction of the dike in the vicinity of Blairsville was started August 1, 1953, and completed January 28, 1954. Relocation of the main line of the Conemaugh division of the Pennsylvania Railroad was started by contract April 1946 and was accepted by the railroad September 19, 1950. Removal of old track, bridge superstructures, etc., from the relocated main line of the Pennsylvania Railroad was completed May 29, 1951. Utilities affected by the railroad relocation are all complete. Relocation of the Indiana branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad at Blacklick, Pa., was commenced December 16, 1951, and completed November 20, 1952. Work under agreement with the Pennsylvania Railroad pro- viding for construction or alteration to its facilities is complete. All work performed under an agreement with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania providing for relocation or alteration to highways is complete. Work under agreement for relocation or alteration to township roads is complete. Negotiations with various owning 1012 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 agencies relative to utility relocations in the reservoir area are practically complete, and the work in progress. Land acquisition and related work is proceeding satisfactorily and is about 98 percent complete. The total acreage involved for the railroad relocation is 1,334 acres and consists of 1,331 acres in fee and easements over 3 acres. Total tracts involved are 114, all of which have been acquired. The total acreage involved for the dam and reservoir is 7,401 acres and consists of 7,004 acres in fee and easements over 397 acres. The total tracts involved are 927, of which 909 have been acquired. Work remaining for completion of the project is as follows: Engineering and design and acquisition of land and related work by hired labor; relocation or alteration to utilities in the reservoir area. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $44,665,292, of which $44,606,023 was for new work and $59,269 for operation and maintenance, general. The above mentioned costs include $5,351 from Emergency Relief funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - $7, $-- 400, 000 8,453,400 $9, 500,000 $1, 580,000 -$264, 922 1 $45, 983, 770 Cost-_....-------------- 7, 299, 581 8, 255, 348 6,074, 853 3,480, 921 2,754,824 1 44, 606,023 Maintenance: Appropriated- _ __.. ..------- _______.____._ -__ 24,000 36,100 60,100 Cost---------.. ...........------------------------------------- 17,553 41,716 59, 269 1 Includes $5,351 from Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $138,746 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - - 138,746 18. LOYALHANNA RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on Loyalhanna Creek, 4.5 miles above the junction of the creek with the Conemaugh River at Saltsburg, Pa., and about 29 miles east of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located entirely in Westmoreland County, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Latrobe, Pa.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a flood- control reservoir dam of the concrete gravity type with a gate con- trolled center spillway flanked by abutment sections joining the valley sides, and an earth embankment section terminating in the left abutment. The dam, 960 feet long at the top, rises 114 feet above the stream bed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 95,300 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 290 square miles. Of this storage 93,300 acre-feet are available for flood prevention at Pittsburgh and in the upper Ohio Valley, gener- ally. The remaining 2,000 acre-feet are in permanent storage. One penstock is contained in the structure for possible future genera- tion of hydroelectric power. The reservoir is operated as a unit of FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1013 a coordinated reservoir system for the protection of Pittsburgh and the Upper Ohio Valley, generally. The existing project was author- ized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936 and June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $5,452,862. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $35,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for flood control, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. No damaging floods occurred on the Allegheny or upper Ohio River (above Mile 109) during the year. Heavy rainfall during February 28-March 1, 1954, produced a moderate rise which re- sulted in the reservoir reaching the highest level during the year, elevation 931.3 on March 3, 1954, or 21.3 feet above minimum pool. This represents a net impoundment of 10,250 acre-feet above that pool or about 11 percent of the usable capacity of the reservoir. During the remainder of the year, routine operations were made except on the occasion of 12 minor rises when some water was stored and released as river conditions permitted. Activities under reservoir management program comprising sanitation, conservation, land management and operation and maintenance of public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $26,709, all for operation and maintenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation as a unit of the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in October 1939 and completed in June 1942. All work relative to relocations and the acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage acquired consists of 3,415.12 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 79.84 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: Costs Funds Operation and New work maintenance, Total general Regular-.._----- ----------------------------------------- $5, 445,523 $374,947 $5,820,470 Emergency relief- -- _-------------------------------------- 7, 339--------------- 7,339 Total ----------------------------------------- -------- 5, 452,862 374,947 5, 827, 809 1014 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30,. 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: I Apprpriated ..... -$17,101 ---- $5,452,862 Cost-- .. ..-------------- $52, 490 89 ------ -..... , 1 5,452,862 Maintenance: Appropriated...- - - 54,000 27, 000 $24,500 $26,500 $22, 300 376,000 a... Cost .... .......... 33,176 41,679 26,382 29,155 26,709 374,947 I Includes $7,339from Emergency Relieffunds. 19. ELKINS, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The city of Elkins is located on the Tygart River in north central Randolph County, W. Va., approximately 155 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. It is situated at the downstream end of a long, broad reach of the upper Tygart Valley, approximately 75 miles above the mouth of the river. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Elkins, W. Va.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for divert- ing flood discharges from the upstream arm of the loop of the natural river channel into an artificial cutoff channel, thereby by- passing the city of Elkins. The improvement consists of a fully impervious rolled-earth upstream diversion dike, approximately 1,250 feet long; a diversion or cutoff channel, approximately 1,600 feet long, 140 feet wide and 15 feet deep; a downstream protection dike, approximately 2,500 feet long; controlled inlet and outlet conduits through the dikes; a pondage basin within the protected area to store storm runoff during diversion periods; and an inci- dental pondage basin upstream from the diversion dike to aid low water flow. The structures of the project will be adequate to provide complete protection of Elkins against the maximum flood of rea- sonable expectancy. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Federal cost of the completed project is $1,772,627; non- Federal cost $40,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $4,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: All work relative to acquisition of land was completed by hired labor. Operation and maintenance, general: Stream gaging and chan- nel maintenance operations were performed during the year'. The total costs were $7,313, of which $2,867 was for new work and $4,446 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the flood pro- tection works was commenced in May 1946 and completed in May 1949. The project, except that portion of channel maintained by the Federal Government, has been operated and maintained by the City of Elkins since March 31, 1949. All work in connection with relocations is complete. Land acquisition and related work is com- plete. The total acreage involved consists of 43.19 acres in fee FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1015 simple and flowage easements over 526.04 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $1,782,728, of which $1,772,627 was for new work and $10,101 for operation and maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _.... __ -...... $17,609 I_$6, 051 -$1,073 $1, 772, 627 Costa. e: ._ ___. .. :$17,497 11,495 $27,032 13,711 2,867 1,772,627 Maintenance: Appropriated .. 4,000 2,000 500 1,500 2,600 10,600 Cost .........---- - . 485 2, 901 957 1,313 4,446 10, 101 20. UNIONTOWN, PA. Location. The city of Uniontown is located on Redstone Creek in Fayette County, southwestern Pennsylvania, approximately 50 miles south of Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Uniontown, Pa.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel improvements by widening and deepening with some realign- ment of Redstone Creek and Coal Lick Run. The stream banks and improvements thereon would be protected by slope paving and walls locally where necessary. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $1,470,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $237,000. Local cooperation. Specific requirements of local cooperation required by the authorizing act are set forth in report of the Chief of Engineers published in House Document 301, 80th Congress, 1st session. Informal assurances of local cooperation have been re- ceived from the city council of the city of Uniontown. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: None. Conditions at end of fiscal year. No work has been performed on the project. 21. YOUGHIOGHENY RIVER RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, PA. Location. The dam site is located on the Youghiogheny River about 74.2 miles above its junction with the Monongahela River at McKeesport, Pa. It is 1.2 miles upstream from Confluence, Pa., and about 57 miles southeast of Pittsburgh, Pa. The reservoir is located in Fayette and Somerset Counties, Pa., and Garrett County, Md. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Confluence, Pa., Accident, Md., West Virginia, and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reser- voir dam of the rolled earthfill type with separate uncontrolled side channel spillway and tunnel outlet works. The dam is 1,610 feet long at the top, rises 184 feet above the stream bed, and provides for the gross storage of 254,000 acre-feet of water from a tribu- tary drainage area of 434 square miles. Of this storage 5,200 acre- 1016 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 feet are in permanent storage and the remaining 248,800 acre- feet are available for flood control, navigation aid, and pollution abatement purposes. The reservoir is operated as required for flood prevention purposes as a unit of a coordinated reservoir sys- tem for the protection of Pittsburgh and the upper Ohio Valley generally. The project was selected for construction under the gen- eral authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $9,674,904. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $63,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated for flood control, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. No damaging floods occurred on the Youghiogheny or Upper Ohio River (above mile 109) during the year. During the entire year, routine operations were made in accordance with the low water schedule for maintaining satisfactory flows at Connellsville, Pa., except on the occasion of 10 minor rises when water was stored, with the excess above normal schedule storage being re- leased as river conditions permitted. Heavy rain showers during June 8 to 11, 1954, produced a moderate rise which resulted in the reservoir reaching the highest level during the year, elevation 1443.5 on June 15, 1954, or 4.5 feet above summer pool. This rep- resents an impoundment of 12,900 acre-feet above summer pool, or about 13 percent of the usable summer flood storage capacity of the reservoir. On January 9, 1954, the reservoir had fallen to elevation 1349.0, the lowest level in the past 6 years of complete multiple-purpose regulation. It is significant that the inflow into the reservoir for the 7-month period, June through December 1953, which totalled 2.3 inches in runoff, was the lowest in the last 24 years, since 1930. Low water releases from this reservoir provided a dilution factor of slightly more than seven to one to the Youghiogheny River dur- ing the period, July through November 1953. Combined with Ty- gart Reservoir releases, this more than doubled the flow in the lower 15.6 miles of the Monongahela River during the critical low flow period from late August through early December 1953. This reservoir achieved great benefits by low flow augmentation for the highly industrialized and densely populated area using the You- ghiogheny River and lower Monongahela River for water supply by improvement of water quality by dilution. Activities under reservoir management program comprising sanitation, conservation, land management and operation and main- tenance of public use facilities were continued. The total costs were $43,891, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation for flood control, navigation, and pollution abatement purposes. For flood control, the reservoir is operated FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1017 as a unit in the reservoir system designed for the protection of Pittsburgh and the reduction of flood heights in the upper Ohio Valley, generally. Construction of the dam was started in June 1940 and completed in May 1944. All work relative to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved has been acquired, and consists of 4,033.19 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 0.48 acre. A license has been issued the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania covering fish conservation and management in the Pennsylvania portion of the reservoir. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all from regular funds, were $10,100,175, of which $9,674,904 was for new work and $425,271 for operation and maintenance, general. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated------------------ -$5, 000 -$71 $9,674,904 Cost--------------- $121, 871 5, 784 2,735 ---------------- ------ 9,674,904 Maintenance: Appropriated -..... 111,000 53,100 49, 500 $43,000 $39,200 427, 200 Cost--. ____ _ __ 56,418 45, 841 103,734 44,940 43,891 425,271 22. BERLIN RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on the Mahoning River about 73 miles above its confluence with the Shenango River. It is about 10 miles above the existing Milton Reservoir Dam and 35 miles up- stream from Warren, Ohio. The reservoir is located in Portage, Mahoning, and Stark Counties, Ohio. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Warren, Ravenna, and Alliance, Ohio.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reser- voir dam with a partially controlled, concrete, gravity center spill- way flanked by rolled earthfill abutment sections joining the valley sides. The dam is 5,750 feet long at the top, rises 101.5 feet above the stream bed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 91,200 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 249 square miles. Of this storage 1,800 acre-feet are in permanent storage and the remaining 89,400 acre-feet are available for flood control and water supply purposes in the industrialized Mahoning Valley below. The project was selected for contruction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $6,288,676. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and main- tenance is $60,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively for flood control and for low water regulation, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. 1018 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 No damaging floods occurred on the Mahoning, Beaver, or Ohio River (above mile 109) during the year. Heavy rain on March 1, 1954, caused a minor rise along the upper Mahoning River. The Mahoning River at Warren (South Street gage) crested at 6.25 feet on the 3d while the reduction by the reservoir in conjunction with Milton Reservoir (owned by the City of Youngstown) averted nuisance flooding. Water was stored during this rise in accordance with the low water storage schedule, and was the first break in the replenishment of low water storage which was critical. It is note- worthy that the total inflow for December 1953 through February 1954, 0.84 inch of rainfall, was the lowest in 20 years since De- cember 1933-February 1934. Heavy rain on April 26-27, 1954, caused another minor rise along the upper Mahoning River. The Mahoning River at Warren crested at 7.85 feet on the 28th, while the reduction by the reservoir in conjunction with Milton Reservoir averted nuisance flooding. The water stored during this major rise caused the reservoir to rise to elevation 1026.8 on the 28th or 2.1 feet above the summer pool. This represents an impound- ment of 8,100 acre-feet above that pool or about 25 percent of the usable summer flood storage capacity of the reservoir. During September and October 1953 additional flow from storage was sup- plied to relieve to some extent the critical drawdown condition at Mosquito Creek Reservoir from that normally imposed for satis- fying the low water temperature control schedule at Youngstown. A more equitable balance of storage in the overall three-reservoir system was achieved for the Mahoning River basin by this pro- cedure. Routine operations were made throughout the year in accordance with the low water schedule for maintaining satisfac- tory flows at Leavittsburg and Youngstown. A total of 12 minor rises occurred during which water was stored according to the low water storage schedule for subsequent release during the 1954 low water season. Activities under the reservoir management program comprising sanitation, conservation, land management and operation and main- tenance of public use facilities were continued. Construction of a public sanitary building was completed by contract. Contract operations for paving of an access road were initiated. The total costs were $58,196, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam is complete and the reservoir is in operation for flood control and low water regulation purposes in the industrialized Mahoning Valley below. Construction of the dam was started in January 1942 and completed in June 1943. All work relative to relocations and land acquisition is com- plete. The total acreage involved has been acquired and consists of 6,931 acres in fee simple and flowage easements over 1,059 acres. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all from regular funds were $6,699,209 of which $6,288,676 was for new work and $410,533 for operation and maintenance, general. FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1019 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30' Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- ------- -$40, 000 -$50, 000 -$2,324-$6,288, 676 Cost------------- $101,847 22, 874 105, 277 1,556 6, 288, 676 Maintenance: Appropriated ......_ 43,000 39,000 63, 500 70, 500 54, 200 426, 900 Cost ---------------- 49,536 33,252 63,366 63, 270 58,196 410,533 23. MOSQUITO CREEK RESERVOIR, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The dam site is located on Mosquito Creek, 9 miles above the junction of the creek with the Mahoning River at Niles, Ohio, and about 18 miles upstream from Youngstown, Ohio. The reservoir is located in central Trumbull County, northeastern Ohio. (See U. S. Geological Survey charts for Bristolville and Kinsman, Ohio, and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of a reser- voir dam of the rolled earthfill type with outlet facilities through the dam, and an uncontrolled natural wasteway to discharge over- flow from the reservoir. The wasteway is located at the upper end of the reservoir area on the low-lying reach of the Mosquito Creek- Grand River Divide and overflow will be discharged into the Grand River, a tributary of Lake Erie. The dam is 5,650 feet long at the top, rises 47 feet above the stream bed, and provides for the gross controlled storage of 104,100 acre-feet of water from a tributary drainage area of 97 square miles. Of this storage, 96,100 acre- feet are available for low water regulation and flood control pur- poses in Mahoning and Beaver Valleys below. A modicum of effect applies to the upper Ohio River Valley, below the mouth of the Beaver River. Of the remaining 8,000 acre-feet, 6,000 acre-feet are available for water supply storage and 2,000 acre-feet are in permanent storage. The reservoir is operated for flood prevention purposes as a unit of a coordinated reservoir system. The project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The cost of the completed project is $4,035,400. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance is $39,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, general: The reservoir was operated effectively for flood control and for low water regulation, as required, and necessary repairs made to the structure and to the operators' quarters and grounds throughout the year. In addition to ordinary repairs to structures and plant, repairs were made to the stilling basin by hired labor. No damaging floods occurred on the Mahoning, Beaver or Ohio River (above mile 109) during the year. Routine operations were made throughout the year in accordance with the low water sched- 1020 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ule for maintaining satisfactory flows at Youngstown. During No- vember 18 to 29, 1953, the reservoir pool was at the lowest elevation for the 1953 low water season, elevation 891.3. This is the lowest elevation since 1945, the first year of satisfactory low water stor- age in the reservoir. Except for a short period in February 1954, a nominal flow of 4 to 5 second-feet was released from November 18, 1953, until June 8, 1954, while the net inflow was stored from 14 minor rises in accordance with the low water schedule for sub- sequent release during the 1954 low water season. The outflow was increased during February 9 to 16, 1954, to satisfy minimum winter flow requirements for the Mahoning River at Youngstown. This is the first time since the dam was placed in operation in 1944 that low water storage was used to satisfy river requirements dur- ing the winter season, the normal storage period. The outlet works were closed during November 2 to 16, 1953, while work was being done on the intake installation for water supply to the Warren, Ohio, water treatment plant below the dam. The water supply diversion from the reservoir to the City of War- ren Filtration Plant started on May 13, 1954. Heavy rain during June 16 caused a moderate rise which re- sulted in the reservoir reaching elevation 900.9 on the 19th. This level was the highest reached by the reservoir pool during the year when 78,700 acre-feet of water was in storage. This level, 0.5 feet below summer pool, is the lowest annual maximum elevation since the reservoir has been in operation. The total costs were $30,476, all for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam and appurtenances are complete and are in operation for flood control and low water regulation purposes in the industrialized Mahoning and Beaver Valleys below. Construction of the dam was started in July 1943 and was ready for beneficial use in January 1944. All work rela- tive to relocations and acquisition of land is complete. The total acreage involved in the acquisition of land consists of 11,213.98 acres in fee simple and flowage easement over 275.21 acres. The State of Ohio has obtained a license from the Secretary of the Army for development and operation of recreation facilities in the reservoir area. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $4,260,761 of which $4,035,400 was for new work and $225,361 for operation and maintenance, general. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .. 130, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ........ ..- ,$ 9 - - - -- - - - -4,-035,400 $I,_ Cost _ -- $167,441 $49,620 $ 7,548 - __ _ - . -- .- 4,035,400 Maintenance: Appropriated ---... 36, 000 28, 000 24, 000 $36,500 $22, 200 227, 800 Cost . 35,933 21,587 27,084 33,842 30,476 225, 361 FLOOD CONTROL-PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1021 24. WELLSVILLE, OHIO RIVER BASIN, OHIO Location. The city of Wellsville is located in Columbiana County, on the right bank of the Ohio River, 48 miles below the head' of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart. for Wellsville, W. Va., Ohio and Pa.) Existing project. Section I: This provides for the construction of a concrete flood wall and earth dike at the upper end of the city, consisting of the following features: 1,564 feet of concrete flood wall and 476 feet of earth dike extending from a rocky cliff above the Lisbon Street Highway Bridge along Little Yellow Creek to the Pennsylvania Railroad, thence downstream along the Ohio River, paralleling the railroad to high ground at Third Street; three pumping plants, two sanitary and one storm water; three gates for passing traffic, one on State Highway No. 7 and two for industrial spur tracks; and appurtenant drainage structures. The project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved August 28, 1937, and provides partial protection to the city of Wellsville. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $397,800; the estimated non-Federal cost is $113,000. Section II: This provides for the construction of a concrete flood wall and earth dike at the lower end of the city, consisting of the following features: 345 feet of concrete flood wall and 5,250 feet of earth dike extending generally parallel to and on the river side of the main line track of the Pennsylvania Railroad along the Ohio River from Eighteenth Street to the vicinity of the underpass on State Highway Route No. 7; one pumping plant for storm water; one industrial spur track crossing and closure; and appurtenant drainage structures. The project supplements section 1 and pro- vides complete protection with a minimum freeboard of 3 feet for the city of Wellsville against all floods up to that of March 1936, the maximum of record. 'The project has been selected for construction under the general authorization for the Ohio River Basin contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938. The estimated construction cost (1954) is $158,800. Local cooperation. The city of Wellsville has furnished assur- ances and all evidences of title necessary for the construction of the complete project. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Section I: Preparation of plans and specifications for remedial control facilities on outlets through the dikes and flood wall were initiated by hired labor. The costs, all for new work, were $318. Section II: Preparation of plans and specifications for remedial control facilities on outlets through the dikes and flood wall were initiated by hired labor. The costs, all for new work, were $234. Condition at end of fiscal year. Section I: This section of the project is complete. On August 22, 1942, the City of Wellsville formally accepted the floodwall for operation and maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $384,216 of which $370,194 was from regular funds and $14,022 1022 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY. 1954 from Emergency Relief funds. Work remaining to be done con- sists of construction of remedial control facilities on outlets through the dike and flood wall. Section II: This section of the project is complete. On August 22, 1942, the City of Wellsville formally accepted the floodwall for operation and maintenance. The total costs to the end of the fis- cal year, all for new work, were $156,416 from regular funds. Work remaining to be done consists of construction of remedial control facilities on outlets through the dikes and flood wall. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- lg fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - - -- $16, 500 "1.$556, 580 Cost - .---- 552 1 540, 632 1 Includes $14,022 from Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------ $-15,948 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------------- -- --- .15,948 25. WHEELING-BENWOOD, OHIO RIVER BASIN, W. VA. Location. The city of Wheeling is located along the left bank of the Ohio River in Ohio County, W. Va., approximately 58 miles southwest of Pittsburgh, Pa. It extends from. mile 85.5 to mile 93 below the head of the river at Pittsburgh, Pa., and includes areas lying north and south of Wheeling Creek for a total distance of 9 miles. Benwood is located in Marshall County, W. Va., on the left bank,.of the Ohio River immediately downstream from Wheeling and extends from mile 93 to mile 95.7. (See U. S. Geological Sur- vey Chart for Wheeling, W. Va., Ohio, and Pennsylvania.) Existing project. The project is located along the left bank of the Ohio River between river mile 90.4 and river mile 95 and lies partially in the city of Wheeling, Ohio County, W. Va., and par- tially in the city of Benwood, Marshall County, W. Va. Incided are flood-protection works consisting of dikes and flood walls with traffic openings, drainage facilities, and pump stations, as required. The flood protection works along the Ohio River will consist of a continuous dike-wall system with traffic openings across the rail- roads at the upper and lower ends. The lower end of Wheeling Creek will be confined in pressure conduits from which flood walls will extend up both banks of Wheeling Creek, with traffic openings at railroads and streets, as required. The project is designed to provide protection against a design flood which is approximately equivalent to the natural profile of the record March 1936 flood. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938. The estimated Federal cost for new work (1954) is $21,500,000; the estimated non-Federal cost is $4,940,000. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1023 Local cooperation. The Wheeling Planning Commission is the designated agency for obtaining local cooperation. The city of Wheeling, W. Va., executed formal assurances under date of March 25, 1952, and the city of Benwood, W. Va., under date of April 28, 1952. West Virginia has enabling legislation which will permit both Wheeling and Benwood to place themselves in position to ful- fill the assurances in connection with which further action is being taken by local interests to demonstrate their ability to meet the requirements of local cooperation. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Advance engineering and design continued throughout the year in connec- tion with the proposed improvement along Wheeling Creek and Ohio River, upstream from Wheeling Creek. The total costs were $5,315, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. A definite plan of improvement has been developed, and advance engineering and design in connec- tion therewith is in progress. Construction of the project has not been initiated. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year, all for new work, were $269,901. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952. 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: A ppropriated . ....... $75, 000 i $100, 000 $42, 700 $276, 700 Cost -. .. 74,367 50,287 $26,992 54,231 $5,315 269, 901 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--_---------- $6,739 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_- _ 6,739 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project .. - ..... .. ... .. ... .. .. 21,223,300 -..- ..--- 26. OHIO RIVER BASIN, PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT Location. The works covered by this project are a series of levees, flood walls, channel improvements, and reservoirs in the Ohio River Basin within the confines of the Pittsburgh, Pa., dis- trict. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937 authorized the construction of levees, flood walls, and drain- age structures for the protection of cities and towns in the Ohio River Basin, the projects to be selected by the Chief of Engineers with the approval of the Secretary of War, in accordance with House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, first session, at a cost not to exceed $24,877,000 for construction, which amount was authorized to be appropriated for this purpose. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, approved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other' purposes in the Ohio River Basin as set forth in House Flood Control Committee Document No. 1, 75th Congress, first session, with such modifica- Sig 33-1023-1054 1024 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tion thereof as, in the discretion of the Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers, may be advisable, and for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan, authorized $75,000,000 for reservoirs and .$50,300,000 for local flood protection works, the individual projects to be selected and approved by the Chief of Engineers subject to the provision that the authorization shall include the diversion of Cache River above Cairo, Ill., and the protection of the area north of the Cairo drainage district by levees, at an estimated cost of $2,000,000. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the sum of $45,000,000 for the further prosecution of the comprehen- sive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938 for the Ohio River Basin, modified to include the Allegheny Reservoir project in ac- cordance with the recommendation of the Chief of Engineers in House Document No. 300, 76th Congress, first session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the sum of $70,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as modified by the act approved August 18, 1941, fOr the Ohio River, including additional projects in tributary basins. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized the sum of $125,000,000 for the further prosecution of the compre- hensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Con- gress, including additional projects in tributary basins. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the sum of $100,000,000 for the prosecution of the comprehensive plan for the Ohio River Basin approved in the act of June 28, 1938, as amended and supplemented by subsequent acts of Congress, in- cluding additional projects in the tributary basin. The following is a list of the individual projects considered in the comprehensive plan within the confines of the Pittsburgh District: Local protection projects Estimated costs Location 1 Type of protection Federal Non-federal Total Adena, Ohio (Short Creek).---------- Channel-__.___ .....- $ 202,000 $ 50,000 $ 252,000 Allegany, N. Y. (Allegheny River) _ . Levee-------------- 786,000 50,000 836, 000 Bellaire, Ohio _-------------------- Wall and levee ....... 7, 660,000 1,870,000 9, 530,000 Brackenridge, Tarentum and Natrona, Wall ---------------- ... 11, 800, 000 3,080,000 14, 880,000 Pa. (Allegheny River). Brilliant, Ohio--....---- -----------_--- do - 3,240,000 276,000 3,516,000 Brockway, Pa. (Allegheny River Wall and levee ...... 477, 000 167, 000 644, 000 Basin). Coraopolis, Pa. -.-------------------- Wall-__-..____---__--_ Dillonvale, Ohio (Short Creek) .-... Channel--------------- 3,080,000 283,000 466,000 43,000 3,546, 000: 326,000 Elkins, W. 2 Va. (Monongahela River Channel diversion . 51, 772,627 40, 000 1, 812,627 Basin) . Empire, Ohio ....------------------ Wall-----------------... ... 3,030,000 234,000 3,264,000 Follansbee, W. Va ....---------------- ----- do---- ------------ .. 2,670,000 232,000 2,902000 Freeport, Pa. (Allegheny River)......__----do----------------1,480,000 21,000 1,501, 000 Industry, Pa .....-------------------- Wall,levee and channel 1, 560, 000 136,00Q 1,696, 000 Johnsonburg, Pa. (Allegheny River Wall....----------------- 750,000 127,000 877,000 Basin).2 s Johnstown, Pa. (Allegheny River Channel- .......... . 8, 865,388- 8, 865,388 Basin).: Kittanning, Pa., Part I (Allegheny al .__. ------------ .......... 130, 317 , 000 132, 317 River) . Kittanning, Pa., Part II (Allegheny Walki-...-.... -- 5,940,000 352,000 6,292,000 River). See footnotes at end of table. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1025 Local protection projects-Continued Estimated costs Location 1 Type of protection Federal Non-federal Total Lake Chautauqua and Chadakoin Channel __ - - 2, 490,000 1,130, 000 3,620,000 River. N. Y. (Allegheny River Basins. 3 Latrobe, Pa. (Allegheny River Basin) ..... do-------- ------- 207, 659 44,400 * 252,059 Leetsdale, Pa............-.... .. Levee__.----------- 1,270,000 141,000 1,411,000 Martins Ferry, Ohio4 .... . .... Wall and levee .------ 8,630 000 836,000 9,466,000 McKees Rocks, Pa....... .... Wall_...-------___ 5,470, 000 197, 000 5,667, 000 Mingo Junction, Ohio................. ----- do....------- --------- 1,920,000 310,000 2,230,000 Moundsville, W. Va--___. __________ _Wall and levee_-------- 3,070,000 605,000 3,675,000 Neville Island, Pa... _ _ --...---do..... ...---------------- 3,210,000 1,830,000 5,040,000 New Cumberland, W. Va... ----- do....---------....-------2,760, 000 421,000 3,181,000 New Kensington and Parnassus, Pa. Wall.. .....---------...-------- 7,900,000 148, 000 8, 048,000 (Allegheny River). Olean, N. Y. (Allegheny River) 2 3.... Levee...--------------- 53,217, 531 597, 000 53,814,531 Pittsburgh, Pa. (Golden Triangle).... Wall..-----------------9, 390,000 429,000 9, 819, 000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (North Side) .... _-----do --------------- 22,400, 000 1,760,000 24,160, 000 Pittsburgh, Pa. (The Strip) _-------.----- do .--------------- 10,700,000 2,560,000 13,260,000 Portville, N. Y. (Allegheny River) 2 3 __ Levee--------------- 52,070,484 353,000 52,423, 484 Punxsutawney, Pa. (Allegheny River Channel and levee .. 3,585, 200 199,000 3,784,200 Basin).' Ridgway, Pa. (Allegheny River Basin). Channel -........... - 480,000 13,000 493,000 Rochester, Pa ----------------------- Wall-----------------3,350, 000 622,000 3,972, 000 St. Marys, Pa. (Allegheny River Channel- -____.... -__.455,000 14,000 469, 000 Basin). Smiths Ferry, Pa. _________-____ Wall____. _2, 120,000 229,000 2,349,000 Strattonville, Ohio---. -- -----...do.........---------------- 2,780,000 336,000 3,116,000 Warwood, W. Va....-----------------do.---------------- 1,740,000 376,000 2,116,000 Wellsburg, W. Va ------------ Wall and levee_ - 3, 270,000 1,160,000 4,430, 000 Wellsville, Ohio, Sec. I 2...a______________ -- do ......--- --- --- 397, 800 113,000 510,800 Wellsville, Ohio, Sec. II - - - - __- -do-........ . 158,800 - - 158,800 West Bridgewater, Pa__ Wall ._______________ 2,340,000 517, 000 2,857,000 Wheeling-Benwood, W. Va._...-------- Wall and levee ------- 21, 500, 000 4,940,000 26,440,000 Wheeling, W. Va. (North Wheeling) _ Wall-.. -------------- 11, 700,000 2,700, 000 14, 400,000 Wheeling, W. Va. (Wheeling Island) _ Wall and levee....-------- 13, 300, 000 2,470,000 15, 770,000 Wilcox, Pa. (Allegheny River Basin)._ Levee___-..-.......... 232, 000 20,000 252,000 4 All projects are located on the Ohio River unless otherwise noted. s Reported in detail in an individual report. 3 Completed. 4 Reported in detail in Annual Report for 1941. 5 Actual cost. 26. OHIO RIVER BASIN, PITTSBURGH, PA. DISTRICT Reservoirs Total Tributary basin and reservoir Stream estimated cost Allegheny: Allegheny River, Pa.- ----. ..- ----------.- . .. . Allegheny River.-. ---.. $92,360, 000 Conemaugh River, Pa...... ........-------------------------- Conemaugh River__----- 45,984,000 Crooked Creek, Pa. Crooked Creek...------------- .............---------------------------- 3 4, 204,888 East Branch Clarion River, Pa. .....------------------- Clarion River--....-______ -- 9, 003,000 French Creek,a P. ------------------------------ French Creek....-------- ------. 18,500,000 Loyalhanna, Pa. ------------------------------- Loyalhanna Creek ----------- 35,452,862 Mahoning Creek, Pa...---------------------------Mahoning Creek.._____...... 3 6, 421, 345 Redbank, Pa ...---...............------------------------------ Redbank Creek...------------- 39,800,000 Tionesta; Pa.1.-------------- .. Tionesta Creek...------------ 3 5,213,401 Beaver: Berlin, Ohio ' ....------ -....-- --------------- t Mahoning River....---.--.--. 6,288,676 Eagle Creek, Ohio-------... ....... ......-------------...Eagle Creek............___..___ 12,700,000 Mosquito Creek, Ohio 1 ........... .. ___- ...... Mosquito Creek......-...._._ 34,035,400 Shenango, Pa., and Ohio....-____- ____.. ......... Shenango River.....-- ..--------...23,500,000 Monongahela: Turtle Creek, Pa.2..............................- West Fork River, W. Va.... Youghiogheny River, Pa.1----------__ _----------------- --- ,---- -- -- J ..-- Turtle Creek---------------................-- 8,480000 West Fork River------.............. Youghiogheny River.......... 18,800,000 9,674,904 1 Reported in detail in an individual report. 9 Exclusive of $2,808,000 to be borne by local interests. 3 Completed, actual cost. 1026 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. The local protection project for Wilcox, Pa., has been deferred due to the inability of local interests to furnish assurances of local cooperation prescribed by law. In accordance with section 3 of the act of Congress approved Decem- ber 22, 1944 (Public Law 534, 78th Cong.), local interests were formally notified of the required conditions of local cooperation and of the 5-year period within which assurances must be fur- nished. Accordingly, the commissioners of Elk County and super- visors of Jones Township were notified March 6, 1950, in regard to the project for Wilcox, Pa. Acknowledgement was made by the commissioners of Elk County, March 10, 1950. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations per- formed during the year consisted of surveys, investigations, stud- ies, and preparation of project plans for the development of the general comprehensive plan for flood control in the Ohio River Basin. The costs during the year were $13,881. Condition at end of fiscal year. The preparation of project plans and construction plans and specifications was well advanced. The status of projects selected for construction under this authori- zation is given in individual reports. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $960,208 of which $943,482 was from regular funds and $16,726 from emer- gency relief funds. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . . . .. .. . ... . . . 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .----- $92, 449 -$123, 636 -$132, 215 $18, 515 $15,000 '$963,059 Cost-...---------------- 50,147 71, 222 25,169 17,568 13,881 1 960,208 I Includes $16,726 from Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_-_---------- $2,852 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------- 25,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ --------------------- 27,862 27. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for- Constructiorn and complete maintenance 1. Emergency flood control work under authority 1952 --.... --....... _ $4,630 () of the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, as amended. 2. Emergency flood control work under authority 1949 ..... $2, 336 (s) of Public Law No. 102, 80th Cong., 1st Sess. 3. Kittanning (pt I) Ohio River Basin, Pa-....... 1949 $130,317 .......-...... () 4. Latrobe, Ohio River Basin, Pa-......-------- 1951 207,659 -------------- (I) ' Completed. FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, .PA.,. DISTRICT 1027 28. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of general investigations for the fiscal year amounted to $21,723, of which $18,238 was for examinations and surveys and $3,485 was for collection and study of basic data. The balance unexpended on June 30, 1954, $4,036, plus an allotment of $29,500 for examinations and surveys, and an anticipated allotment of $5,000 for collection and study of basic data, a total of $38,536, will be applied to the preparation of 5 flood control studies (2 surveys and 3 preliminary examinations) and the collection and study of basic data. The additional sum of $69,300 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1956 for work to be accomplished under this heading. Collection and study of basic data. Collection and study of basic data during the year consisted principally of general cover- age, noncooperative stream gaging activities, and hydrologic studies. 29. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and subsequent acts require local interests to furnish assurances that they will maintain and operate certain local protection projects after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. District engineers are responsible for the administra- tion of these regulations within the boundaries of their respective districts. The (1953) estimated cost of this work is $1,500. Maintenance inspections were made during the fiscal year of completed units of projects transferred to local interests for main- tenance and operation. Local interests were advised, as necessary, of measures required to maintain these projects in accordance with standards prescribed by the regulations. The costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $1,663. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year were $3,686. Cost and financial"summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: i-si-p --------- Appropriated.............. $900 [... .. . $1, 200 $1, 800, 900 Cost --------- ---- $566 1, 458 $1,663 3,686 30. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) During the fiscal year construction of the project on Bingamon Creek at and in the vicinity of Wyatt, Harrison County, W. Va., was completed on July 29, 1953. This work had been initiated No- vember 18, 1952. Construction of the project on Polk Creek at Weston, W. Va., was started July 27, 1953, and completed No- vember 5, 1953. 1028 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The total costs incurred during the fiscal year were $42,576, all for new work. The total costs to the end of the fiscal year amounted to $216,702. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-------_ -$3,095_------------ $31,000 $44, 000 -$7, 503 $216,702 Cost ------------------------------------- 2,287 22,634 42,576 216,702 Small Flood Control Projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) The following projects were selected for construction under authority of this act: SLOVAN, RACCOON CREEK, PA. The unincorporated community of Slovan is located about 20 miles west of Pittsburgh in Washington County, Pa., on Burgetts Fork, about 21/2 miles upstream from the junction with Raccoon Creek which flows into the Ohio River about 6 miles below Monaca, Pa. (See U.S. Geographical Survey sheet for Burgettstown, Pa.) The plan of improvement provides for widening, deepening, and straightening the channel of Burgetts Fork through Slovan and vicinity for a distance of about 1.8 miles, filling the bypassed reaches of the old channel, disposing of all excess excavated ma- terial in certain reaches along the new channel, and protecting the banks of the new channel in certain locations. :Local cooperation. Formal assurances dated May 21, 1952, were furnished by the County of Washington, Pa., and were accepted May 26, 1952. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Remain- ing work of installation of a project identification sign was com- pleted by hired labor. The costs for the fiscal year were $289. Coordination'at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project .by contract was started July 6, 1952, and completed November 26, 1952. The project was transferred to local interests for assump- tion and maintenance December 12, 1952. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were $57,811. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June - 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated----....---------------- $60, 000 -$1, 900 -$289 $57, 811 Cost--- ------------ --------- 8,756 48,766 -289 57,811 FLOOD CONTROL--PITTSBURGH, PA., DISTRICT 1029 BURGETTSTOWN, RACCOON CREEK, PA. The incorporated borough of Burgettstown, Pa., is located about 20 miles west of Pittsburgh in Washington County, Pa., on Bur- getts Fork about 1 mile upstream from the junction with Raccoon Creek which flows into the Ohio River about 6 miles below Monaca, Pa. (See U. S. Geological Survey chart for Burgettstown, Pa.) The plan of improvement provides for widening, deepening, and straightening the channel of Burgetts Fork through Burgettstown, Pa., and vicinity for a distance of about 2 miles, filling the by- passed reaches of the old channel, disposing of all excess exca- vated material in certain reaches along the new channel, and pro- tecting the banks of the new channel in certain locations. Local cooperation. Formal assurances dated May 21, 1952, were furnished by the County of Washington, Pa., and were accepted May 26, 1952. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Remain- ing work of installation of a project identification sign was com- pleted by hired labor. The costs for the fiscal year were $256. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was started by contract July 6, 1952, and completed November 26, 1952. The project was transferred to local interests for assumption of operation and maintenance on December 12, 1952. The costs to the end of the fiscal year were $83,129. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June - 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: I Appropriated ...------------------- - $96,000 -$12,500 -$371 $83,129 Cost-------------- ---------------------- 10,571 72,302 256 83,129 In addition to those projects selected for construction, investiga- tions are under way to determine the economic advisability and plan of improvement at the following locations: Buffalo Creek at Rachel, W. Va. Wallace, W. Va. Amsterdam, Ohio Studies for an interim report, on advisability of undertaking a 212 project were in progress for Wallace, W. Va. A brief definite project report was completed for Amsterdam, Ohio, and submitted May 20, 1954. The costs for these projects for the fiscal year were $8,263. The costs to the end of the fiscal year for these projects were $11.021. 1030 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary BUFFALO CREEK, RACHEL, W. VA. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated---.... . ------------------------ ------------ $2,000 $2,000 Cost---------- ------------------------------------ 1,843 $374 1,880 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $120 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30,1955 120 Cost and financial summary WALLACE, W. VA. Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated----- ----------------------- $5,000 $5,000 Cost........------------------------------------------------ 284 $2,407 2,691 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--------------- $2,309 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--__ 2,309 Cost and financial summary AMSTERDAM, OHIO Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 191ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - - - - - $6, 500 $6,500 Cost-- - -. - .- . --.... - - . .i ........ ::------ --- :: --- : -: 631 $5,819 6,450 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - - $50 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 50 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT This district comprises northeastern Minnesota, northwestern Wisconsin, and the northern portion of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, embracing the United States waters of Lake Superior west of the head of St. Marys River and its tributary drainage basin. It includes Isle Royale in Lake Superior. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Grand Marais Harbor, Minn__ 1031 10. Presque Isle Harbor, Mich-. 1046 2. Two Harbors (Agate Bay), Minn ------------------ 11. Marquette Harbor, Mich --.. 1047 1033 12. Grand Marais Harbor of 3. Duluth-Superior Harbor, Refuge, Mich- -______- 1048 Minn. and Wis-----------1034 13. Inactive navigation projects__ 1050 4. Port Wing Harbor, Wis .--.. 1037 14. General Investigations ------ 1050 - 5. Cornucopia Harbor, Wis_ 1038 6. Ashland Harbor, Wis _ 1040 Flood control 7. Ontonagon Harbor, Mich--- 1041 8. Keweenaw Waterway, Mich__ 1042 15. Flood control work under 9. Grand Traverse Bay Harbor, special authorizations------ 1050 Mich_------------------_ 1045 1. GRAND MARAIS HARBOR, MINN. Location. The harbor is situated on the north shore of Lake Superior, 106 miles northeasterly from Duluth, Minn. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 9.) Existing project. This provides for rock-filled timber crib breakwater piers 350 feet in length from the east and west points of the bay to narrow the entrance; for constructing concrete sea- walls across the ledge at the southeast corner of the harbor; for dredging an anchorage area of 36.5 acres to a depth of 16 feet with depths near the entrance of 18 and 20 feet, and for a small boat basin 100 feet wide, 600 feet long, and 8 feet deep in the north- western part of the harbor protected by a breakwater 600 feet long with a rubble mound shore connection. All depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $421,500. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $8,000. 1031 1032 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 3, 1879 Breakwaters and dredging of anchorage area of 26 H. Ex. Doc. 75, 43d Cong., 2d sess. acres to 16 feet. (Annual Report, 1875, p. 184). Aug. 30, 1935 Sea walls across ledge in the southeast corner of the Rivers and Harbors Committee harbor, enlarging the anchorage basin and deepen- Doc. 27, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ing of entrance. May 17, 1950 Small boat basin with breakwater.......---------------.. H. Doc. 187, 81st Cong., 1st sess.' I Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of May 17, 1950, is subject to the conditions that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will- a. Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construc- tion and subsequent maintenance of the work, when and as re- quired. b. Hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works. c. Provide and maintain without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate wharf for the accommodation of small craft which shall be open to all on equal terms. d. Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate and manage the inner harbor facilities. Local interests were notified on September 29, 1950, of the re- quired conditions of local cooperation. None of the above conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two general merchandise wharves, and several fish wharves, all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,674 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $129. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $1,803 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 77 percent complete. Project depths of 16 feet in the anchorage basin and 18 to 20 feet in the entrance channel are available. Private parties dredged 420,795 cubic yards of gravel from the harbor between 1922 and 1930 under permits and without cost to the United States. To complete the project there remains the con- struction of the inner small boat basin and protecting breakwater. The concrete sea walls are in excellent condition. The break- waters are in good condition. The gravel spit along the eastern side of the harbor is too low to prevent waves from rolling into the harbor during severe storm periods. The total costs of the existing project at the end of the fiscal year were $209,820 for new work and $128,077 for maintenance, a total of $337,897. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1033 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: ------------------------ Appropriated.... ------------ ------------ ------------ $209, 820 Cost-------- ------------ ------------------------------------------------ 209, 820 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------........ -$688 $2, 400 128,674 Cost----------------- $974 --------------------------------- 1,802 128,076 1 Operation and results during fiscal year $1803, less pending adjustment of $1. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project $___________ $211,700 2. TWO HARBORS (AGATE BAY), MINN. Location. The harbor is situated on the north shore of Lake Superior, 27 miles northeasterly from Duluth, Minn. (See U. S. .Lake Survey Chart No. 96.) Existing project. This provides for narrowing the natural en- trance by the construction of two breakwaters, 1,625 feet and 900 feet long, from the eastern and western points of the bay, re- spectively; and for dredging a maneuvering area on the north side of the harbor to depths of 26 and 28 feet, referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary na- ture, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $3,554,154. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $14,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents (Breakwater and dredging----------------------H. Ex. Doc. 94, 48th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 5, 1886 Construction of 2 breakwater piers.........---------------. Annual Report for 1887, p. 1952. Aug. 30, 1935 Shore connection to east breakwater and dredging of Rivers and Harbors Committee maneuvering area. Doe. 17, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Nov. 7, 1945 Construction of new east breakwater and enlarge- H. Doc. 805, 78th Cong., 2d sess. ment of maneuvering basin. (Contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal: facilities. There are no publicly owned wharves. The ore docks, coal dock, merchandise wharf, and tug wharf are privately owned. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $3,651 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $757. The last breakwater was riprapped with stone 1034 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 at a cost of $15,840 and repairs to the timber superstructure in progress at the close of the fiscal year cost $986. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $21,234 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The breakwaters are in good condition. The proj- ect depths in the maneuvering area were available at the end of the fiscal year. The total costs were $3,554,154 for new work, and $262,371 for maintenance, a total of $3,816,525. Cost and financial su nmmary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated Cost--- Maintenance: --- --_ - -$1,250,000 863,536 $ 6,692 368,586 --- --- - - $3, 554, 154 3,554,154 Appropriated --- $15,263 .- $42, 000 283, 137 Cost ------------ ------ ------ 15,263 120,946 262, 083 1 Operations and results during fiscal year $21,234, less pending adjustment of $288. 3. DULUTH-SUPERIOR HARBOR, MINN., AND WIS. Location. This harbor is at the extreme western end of Lake Superior. The cities of Duluth, Minn., and Superior, Wis., are situated on the north and south sides, respectively. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 966.) Previous projects. Superior and Duluth were separate im- provements until consolidated by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. The original project for the harbor at Superior City was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867; for Duluth Harbor by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871. These projects were modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873; March 3, 1881; July 5, 1884; August 5, 1886; August 11, 1888; and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1929 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1400 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. Rebuilding the canal piers at Duluth entry with stone-filled timber-crib substructure and concrete superstructure 1,734 feet long and 300 feet apart for 1,250 feet, then flaring to 540 feet apart at the harbor end. b. Replacing the north and south piers at Superior entry with concrete piers 2,096 and 1,584 feet long respectively, 500 feet apart for 808 feet then flaring at the harbor end. c. Constructing 4,205 feet of rubble-mound breakwater, 900 feet of concrete pierheads on stone-filled cribs, and 896 feet of concrete shore revetments at Superior entry, the lake ends being 600 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH. MINN., DISTRICT 1035 apart on the 30-foot contour in prolongation of the entrance chan- nel and diverging to 2,100 feet apart at the shore line. d. A flared lake approach to Duluth entry 32 feet deep, and a channel between the piers 32 feet deep at the pierheads, gradually decreasing to 26 feet at the harbor basin. e. A depth of 26 feet in the northern part of the harbor basin inside Duluth entry consisting of 201 acres; and a depth of 25 feet in the southern portion of the harbor basin, East Gate Basin, and in Superior Front Channel, through Superior Bay, 600 feet in width, extending to Superior Harbor Basin, a distance of 13,200 feet. f. A flared lake approach to Superior entry 32 feet deep; a chan- nel between the breakwater entrance and the pierheads with a width varying from a minimum of 600 feet to a maximum of 1,100 feet, 32 feet deep at the breakwater entrance, gradually decreasing to 28 feet at the pierheads; a stilling basin of 20 acres, 24 feet deep, inside the breakwater; and a channel between the piers, 28 feet deep at the pierheads, gradually decreasing to 25 feet at the harbor basin. g, A harbor basin of 290 acres, 25 feet deep, inside Superior entry; a channel in Allouez Bay 2,100 feet long, 400 feet wide, and 22 feet deep; a depth of 25 feet in the south channel of St. Louis Bay from the entrance (East Gate Basin) to the cross channel, inclusive, with widths varying from 500 to 900 feet. h. A depth of 25 feet in a cross channel, with a minimum width of 1,150 feet, and a depth of 25 feet in the north channel of St. Louis Bay opposite the cross channel; elsewhere in the north chan- nel and the south channel and the St. Louis River to a point 9,600 feet above the Grassy Point Bridge, a depth of 21 feet, and, except at Arrowhead Bridge, a minimum width of 400 feet; and a chan- nel thence up St. Louis River 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Spirit Lake (southerly end of Big Island) a distance of about 14,200 feet. i. A channel in Howards Bay 6,000 feet long, narrowing in width from 300 to 125 feet, and 21 feet deep; and a channel 3,300 feet long, 100 feet wide, and 20 feet deep at Twenty-first Avenue West in Duluth. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. High- est single gage reading, November 28, 1905, was 3.7 feet above low water datum; lowest single gage reading, January 23, 1926, was 1.95 feet below low water datum; the annual fluctuation is about 1 foot. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $7,482,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $140,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1036 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 Dredging --. ---------------------------------- H. Ex. Doc. 59, 53d Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report, 1895, p. 2538. June 13, 1902 Rebuilding piers at Superior entry------------- Mar. 2, 1907 Enlargement of plan for Superior entry and addi- H. Doc. 82, 59th Cong., 2d sess. tional dredging near draw span of the Northern Pacific R. R. bridge. May 28, 19081 Dredging additional area for the basin inside Duluth H. Doc. 221, 60th Cong., 1st sess. entrance to 22-foot depth. July 27, 1916 Enlarging Superior Harbor Basin ...- -- H. Doc. 651, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Removal of shoal point at southerly end of the East H. Doc. 1018, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Gate Basin. H. Doc. 245, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21,1927Howards Bay Channel, 20 feet dand Rivers and Harbors Con- July 3, 1930 mittee Dec. 32, 71st Cong., 2d sess. 3 Aug. 30, 1935 2 Present project dimensions of the channels and basins_ H. Doc. 482, 72d Cong., 2d sess. July 16, 19524 Deepen Superior Front Channel and a portion of H. Doc. 374, 82d Cong., 2d sess. East Gate Basin to 25 feet. 1Administrative act, sec. 4. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains last published map. 4 Public Law 568. Local cooperation. Public Law 568, July 16, 1952, provides that local interests shall give assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the initial construction, and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; and hold and save the United, States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the project. Nego- tiations with local interests are in progress. There are no prior requirements of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities, consisting of wharves, ore docks, and grain elevators, are believed to be adequate for existing commerce, and are being increased as necessity de- mands. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $26,190, miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $12,720, and the maintenance of parks and grounds cost $8,719. The breakwaters at the Superior entry were riprapped at a cost of $18,995. Repairs to the Duluth canal piers in progress at the close of the fiscal year cost $8,202. Dredging 240,986 cubic yards of material for restoration of project depth in entrance chan- nels and interior basins cost $140,379. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $215 - 205 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 92 percent complete. Project depths are available in the harbor as shown by surveys completed in March 1954, except for Superior Front Channel and scattered shoals in Superior Harbor Basin, East Gate Basin, Cross Channel, and Howards Bay. The entrance piers and breakwaters are all in fair condition except for concrete superstructure on a portion of the north pier at Duluth entry which requires reinforcement, and a portion of the south pier at Superior entry which is being undermined and re- quires reinforcement. To complete the project there remains the deepening of Superior RIVERS AND HARBORS--DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1037 Front Channel to 25 feet. The total cost was $10,706,987, of which $6,857,291 was for new work and $3,849,696 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ----------- ------------ ------------------------ --------- 1$8, 404, 486 Cost--------------- --..--------------- Maintenance: --------- .---------- ------------ 18, 404,486 Appropriated-..------ $143,200 $162, 000 $222, 001 $235, 500 $223, 800 3,883,662 Cost--------------- -- 193,939 178,901 197,661 220,390 457 2 218, 2 3, 853, 415 1Includes $1,547,195 for new work. 3 Operation and results during fiscal year $215,205, plus pending adjustment of $3, 052, and unbilled re- ceivables of $200. Stock on hand June 30, 1954, $467. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project_ -------- _ -- - $624,700 4. PORT WING HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is situated on the south shore of Lake Superior, 34 miles easterly from Duluth. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 96, Lake Superior.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of two parallel piers at the entrance 200 feet apart and 800 and 825 feet long, respectively, the piers to consist of two rows of piling filled in with slabs and topped with large rock; for the construction of a return pile revetment at the inner end of the east pier 45 feet in length, to preserve the sand spit from erosion; for dredging two in- ner channels 8 feet deep, one extending southerly 340 feet with a width of 60 feet, and one easterly, 1,170 feet with a width of 70 feet, from an irregular shaped turning basin 15 feet deep at the inner end of the piers, and for dredging a channel 150 feet wide with a 15-foot depth between the piers. The project depth is referred to low-water datum for Lake Supe- rior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The or- dinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to ±1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctu- ations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and baro- metric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost for new work (1954) is $86,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Construction of parallel piers and dredging---------.......... H. Doc. 114, 56th Cong., 1st sess. June 30, 1948 Dredging of inner channels and abandonment of cer- H. Doc. 668, 80th Cong., 2d sess. tain revetments and channels. (Contains latest published map.) 1038 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are four privately owned fishing wharves which are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made, at a cost of $462, with hired labor and use of Govern- ment plant. The total cost was $462. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, which is about 75 percent complete, consists of two entrance piers, 800 and 825 feet long, completed in 1917; a pile revetment 45 feet long at the inner end of the east pier and perpendicular to it, completed in 1903; an entrance channel 150 feet wide in the lake approach and 100 feet wide in the harbor, extending from deep water in the lake to a distance of 200 feet inside the inner end of the east pier, and a portion of the turning slip 150 feet wide and extending 200 feet east of the face of the east pier, dredged to a depth of 15 feet below low water datum in 1911; two inner channels 8 feet deep, one ex- tending southerly 340 feet with a width of 60 feet and one easterly 1,170 feet with width of 70 feet, from the inner turning basin, completed in 1950. The east pier is in good condition. The west pier is in poor condition due to decay, wear of ice, and settlement of stone and slab filling. At the close of the fiscal year the controlling depth was 8.5 feet in the lake approach, 10.5 feet between the piers, 7 feet in the easterly boat channel, and 1 foot in the south channel. To complete the project it would be necessary to widen the channel 506 feet between the piers. The total costs and expenditures were $387,146, of which $63,- 393 was for new work and $323,753 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .. . .. . . . 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-. .- - $20, 000 -$4, 962$ 63,393 Cost .................-- 11,235 3,803.- -.- .......... 63,393 Maintenance: Appropriated .-... 49,000 10,000 -$1,486 -$486 $1,200 324,491 Cost_- - - 91,635 79,010 -------- 1,045 462 323,753 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- -_ ated for completion of existing project _ _ ___ - $_22,600 5. CORNUCOPIA HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is located at the mouth of the Siskiwit River on the south shore of Lake Superior, 49 miles east from Duluth, Minn. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 96.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 50 feet wide and 10 feet deep between the piers constructed and main- tained by local interests from Siskiwit Bay to a turning basin 200 feet long, 8 feet deep, and 140 feet wide, with a maximum width of about 180 feet; and two inner channels 50 feet wide and 8 feet deep, with lengths of 150 and 300 feet. All depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1039 above mean tide level at New York. The ordinary seasonal vari- ation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $10,190. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $6,000. The existing project was authorized by River and Harbor Act approved August 26, 1937 (Senate committee print, 75th Cong., 1st sees.). This document contains the latest published map. Recommended modification of project. The Chief of Engineers in a letter of March 1954 to the Secretary of the Army recom- mends, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation, modifica- tions of existing project to provide for reconstruction and Federal maintenance of the east and west entrance piers, including an in- crease of 25 feet in the length of the west pier, and extension of ex- isting westerly inner channel for a distance of 300 feet at a depth of 8 feet and a width of 50 feet. The total estimated first cost (1953) is $220,000, with no increase in the estimated cost of an- nual maintenance. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. About 1,100 linear feet of privately owned docking space have been improved for small fishing boats. These facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $736. Dredging 7,328 cubic yards of ma- terial, in progress at the close of the previous fiscal year, for restoration of project depth by removal of shoal in entrance chan- nel, was completed at a cost of $7.371. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost for maintenance was $8,107. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 8.5 feet in lake approach, 6 feet in the channel between the piers and 6.8 feet in the inner slips. The total costs were $57,553, of which $10,190 was for new work and $47,363 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .... $10, 190 Cost -- -10,190 Maintenance: Appropriated ---- $1, 000 -$940 i -- $8, 436 $9, 150 48,406 Cost------ -------- 175 122 '-__-_-- 8,436 8, 107 47,363 1040 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 6. ASHLAND HARBOR, WIS. Location. The harbor is situated at the head of Chequamegon Bay, on the south shore of Lake Superior. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 964.) Existing project. This provides for an 8,000-foot breakwater and a dredged channel along the dock front, 75 feet outside the harbor line, 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide from a point 400 feet west of Seventeenth Avenue West produced to Eighth Avenue West produced; and a flared channel 21 feet deep, 750 feet wide at its westerly end and 400 feet wide at its easterly end and from Eighth Avenue West produced to Ellis Avenue produced; for an entrance channel 21 feet deep and 400 feet wide extending in a northerly direction from the easterly end of this channel; and a basin 25 feet deep and about 4,800 feet long, extending from a point about 400 feet west of the Soo dock to a point 1,000 feet east of the Chicago & North Western dock 3, and extending from a line 75 feet outside of the harbor line to deep water in the bay. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +-1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $779,078. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $19,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Breakwater 7,900 feet long and dredging to remove a H. Ex. Doc. 89, 48th Cong., 2d sess. shoal. Annual Reports, 1886, p. 1674; and 1887, p. 1966. Aug. 11, 1888 Appropriation of $60,000 for "Continuing improve- ment on the enlarged project." (On the completion of the Poe lock in 1896, with an available depth of 20 feet, the dredging at Ashland Harbor was carried to a similar depth.) Detached breakwater extending 4,700 feet out from Mar. 3, 1899 the shore at a point 2,600 feet east of the main June 6, 1900 breakwater (prolonged) and parallel thereto. Aug. 8, 1917 Project modified by omitting the detached break- H. Doc. 1698, 64th Cong., 2d sess. water and defining the depth and extent of the channel to be dredged. July 3, 1930 Widening of part of the present channel for an en- S. Doc. 133, 71st Cong., 2d sess. trance channel and for the basin in the eastern part of the harbor. Aug. 30, 1935 1 Deepening east basin to 25 feet and the west channel, Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 46, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 2 as far as 8th Ave. West, extended, to 21 feet. Mar. 2, 1945 Widening the west channel to a width of 750 feet at its H. Doc. 337, 77th Cong., 1st sess. westerly end. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. SLocal cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The city of Ashland owns 4,150 feet of water front, exclusive of street ends, for future public needs. The wharves for handling coal, ore, and pulpwood are served by RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1041 railroads. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $876 and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $163. Repairs were made to the rubble mound break- water at a cost of $21,605. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $22,644 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The breakwater is in good condition, except for some settlement, which should be brought up to the prescribed el- evations. At the end of the fiscal year, project depths were avail- able in the west channel and east basin, except for minor shoals in the east basin maneuvering area. The total cost was $1,307,070, of which $779,078 was for new work, and $527,992 for main- tenance: Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ---- __ $45,000 $ 1,703 $779, 078 Cost 31, 853 11,850 779, 078 Maintenance: Appropriated- .. - . 2,300 381 $7, 000 $24, 400 530, 786 Cost __________ 3,547 1,686 7,648 i 22,643 1529, 677 I Operation and results during fiscal lesspending adjustment of $1. Stock on hand June year $22,644 30, 1954, $1,686. 7. ONTONAGON HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is situated on the south shore of Lake Superior. It consists of the improvement of the mouth of Onto- nagon River. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 95.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867. For further details see page 1931 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1406 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a flared lake approach channel 17 feet deep with widths narrowing from 400 feet at the outer end to 150 feet opposite the outer end of the west pier; a channel between the piers 150 feet wide, 17 feet deep in the outer 250 feet, and 15 feet deep in the inner 2,200 feet; an inner basin 15 feet deep and 900 feet long, extending between lines 50 feet from the existing wharves on each side of the river, the maximum width being 285 feet; and the maintenance of this channel, basin, and the 4,990 feet of entrance piers. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is taken at 601.6 feet above mean tide level at New York. The ordinary seasonal vari- ation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporaryjnature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the meican lake level prevailing at the time.. - 1042 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The cost for new work for the completed project was $19,620, exclusive of the amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $40,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 17 feet deep and 150 feet wide through the H. Doc. 602, 61st Cong., 2d sess. bar and 15 feet deep and 100 feet wide between the piers, and pier maintenance. Aug. 26, 1937 Present project widths and inner basin . ------------ Senate committee print, 74th Cong., 2d sess. (Contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are no publicly owned wharves. There are 1 merchandise and coal wharf, 1 coal wharf, and a few small fish wharves in active use. The terminal facilities are con- sidered adequate for the commerce of the harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,580 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $221. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $1,800 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. The piers are in fair condition except for a break in the outer end of the east pier and minor repairs needed on stone covered portions. At the close of the fiscal year, the controlling depths were 7.8 feet in the lake approach channel, 10 feet in the easterly 100 feet of the channel between the piers and 5 feet in the harbor basin. The total costs were $19,619 for new work and $920,376 for maintenance, a total of $939,995. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New'work: Appropriated -- ------------ ------------ --------------------------------- 304,421 Cost....--------- ------------------------ ------------ 304,421 Maintenance: Appropriated.--------$60, 800 $43, 000 $380 $18, 600 $2, 650 1,041, 760 Cost ---------------.................--- 59,807 43, 340 83 19,077 21,803 21,040, 396 '"Includes $284,801 for new work and $113,327 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Operation and results during fiscal year $1,800, plus pending adjustment of $3. Stock on hand June 30, 1954, $6,691. 8. KEWEENAW WATERWAY, MICH. Location. This waterway is a navigable channel, minimum width 300 feet, 25 miles long, partly natural and partly artificial, across Keweenaw Point, Mich. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 944.) Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. A waterway across Keweenaw Peninsula via Portage Lake, 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide, increased to 400 feet through Port- RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1043 age Lake below the shoal at its head and with a straight cutoff channel from Princess Point to Messners Point. b. Flaring eastern entrance from Keweenaw Bay, 28 feet deep in the outer portion, diminishing to 25 feet in the inner portion, pro- tected by a breakwater 5,714 feet long. c. A mooring basin inside the east entrance, one-half mile long, 800 feet wide, and 25 feet deep, with mooring piers protected by fender piling. d. Converging breakwaters at the western entrance, with west- erly breakwater 2,645 feet long and easterly breakwater 2,485 feet, having an entrance 500 feet wide between the breakwaters. e. A western entrance channel 32 feet deep lakeward of the en- trance between the breakwaters, diminishing to 25 feet in quiet water and enlarged inside of the breakwaters into a maneuvering basin, 1,000 feet in maximum width and 3,000 feet long. f. A mooring basin inside the west entrance 3,600 feet long and 800 feet wide and 25 feet deep, with mooring piers protected by fender piling. g. Reveting the banks as necessary. h. Pierheads 400 feet long at the west entrance to the canal. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Supe- rior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. On account of its length, the waterway is affected in a very slight degree by lake fluctuations of short duration. The annual fluctuation is about 1 foot. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $8,120,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 Acquisition of the waterway; for a 16-foot channel of H. Ex. Doc. 105, 49th Cong., 2d 70-foot bottom width, renewal of canal revetments, sess., and Annual Report, 1887, the reconstruction and extension of piers at the p. 1977. upper entrance to 30-foot depth of water, and at the proper time for the increase of the channel depth to 20 feet with bottom width of not less than 120 feet (increase in width and depth of channel was ap- proved Mar. 15, 1898). June 25, 1910 Anchorage basin just within the lower entrance, H. Doc. 325, 60th Cong., 1st sess. about mile long, 800 feet wide; a mooring pier on its westerly side 2,000 feet in length, and for the purchase of the necessary land. Mar. 8, 1919 Princess Point Cut-off Channel._-- _--------------- H. Doc. 835, 63d Cong., 2d sess. 2 Aug. 30, 19351 General deepening, widening, and straightening of H. Doc. 55, 73d Cong., 1st sess. channels and basins to provide 25-foot depth with additional over depth at entrances, extension of the lower entrance breakwater, and the necessary alter- ation or replacement of structures due to deepening of the channels. 1 Included in the Emergency Relief Administration program, May 28, 1935. 2 Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The 6 coal docks, 3 general merchandise wharves, and several minor wharves, all privately owned, are served by improvements made along Keweenaw Waterway. The 1044 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 city of Hancock has 2 publicly owned wharves. The village of Houghton has wharf improvements at the ends of 3 streets. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $8,305 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $4,195. Removal of old timber revetment was ac- complished at a cost of $6,445. Repairs to west breakwater cost $38,047. Removal of floating obstructions cost $342. Dredging accomplished in the previous fiscal year involved an additional cost of $42. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Gov- ernment plant. The total cost was $57,376 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 75 per- cent complete. The breakwaters are in good condition except for a weakness occurring in about 300 feet of the substructure of the breakwater at the lower entrance,' and the stone-covered portions of the breakwaters at the upper entrance are in need of minor repairs. The remaining timber revetments along the waterway are in poor condition. The mooring pier at the Lily Pond requires repairs to halt movement, and permit dredging to project depth adjacent thereto, and that at the Portage River harbor of refuge is in good condition.. Annual redredging of channels will be required indefinitely. The controlling depth on June 30, 1953, was 25 feet. To complete the project there remains the extension of the lower entrance breakwater, and the necessary alteration or replacement of structures due to deepening of channels. For work performed with regular funds, the costs of the exist- ing project were $5,772,115 for new work and $3,267,628 for main- tenance, a total of $9,039,743. For work performed with Emergency Relief funds the total costs and expenditures were $182,826, all for new work. The total cost, all funds, was $9,222,569 of which $5,954,941 was for new work and $3,267,628 for maintenance. In addition, the sum of $402,242 was expended between 1893 and 1917 on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. Cost andfinancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ----- -$420 $5, 954,941 Cost...----------------- 17,422 --- __ 5,954,941 Maintenance: Appropriated-...... 28,000 $106,000 $67,500 $31,664 $60,600 3,683, 940 Cost----------------- 49,427 87,297 73,266 31, 572 1 57,099' 13, 680, 582 1 Operation and results during fiscal year $57,376, less pending adjustment of $277. Stock on hand June 30, 1954, $10,990. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project- -;_- - - -- ' $2, 165,100 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1045 9. GRAND TRAVERSE BAY HARBOR, MICH. Location. The harbor is located at the mouth of the Traverse River on the eastern shore of the Keweenaw Peninsula about 20 miles northeasterly from the Portage Entry to Keweenaw Water- way. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 94.) Existing project. This provides for 2 parallel piers having lengths of 650 feet and 380 feet for the north and south piers, re- spectively; for an entrance channel between the piers 50 feet wide and 12 feet deep; and for a harbor basin with a depth of 10 feet for a maximum width of 200 feet and a maximum length of 450 feet. Project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Supe- rior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The or- dinary seasonal variation of water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctu- ations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and baro- metric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $197,771. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- tenance is $1,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 446, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several privately owned fishing wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a total cost of $303 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. The new entrance piers are in good condition ex- cept that certain alterations are needed to more adequately protect the harbor from storms from the east to southeast. The control- ling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 9 feet in the lake ap- proach, 8.5 feet in the entrance channel and 6 feet and 2.5 feet in the southern and northern portions of the harbor basin, respec- tively. The total cost was $287,177, of which $197,771 was for new work and $89,406 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 • 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_t . .. . ..- -- _------ -$2, 229 ------------ $197,771 Cost_---___ ____--_ $150,555 ------------------------------------ $20,431 197,771 Maintenance: Appropriated.................... 3,352 $86,173 ------------....... $1,100 90,625 Cost ..---------------------- 3,352 85,372 380 1307 89,410 1Operation and resultsduring fiscal year $303,plus pending adjustment of$4. 1046 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 10. PRESQUE ISLE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor (formerly known as Marquette Bay Harbor of Refuge, Mich.), situated on the south shore of Lake Su- perior within the city limits of Marquette and about 3 miles distant from Marquette Harbor, is about 1 miles long and / 2 -mile wide and is protected by a breakwater. It is an indentation in the shore behind Presque Isle Point. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 935.) Existing project. This provides for a 2,816-foot breakwater off Presque Isle Point consisting of 216 feet of shore connection, 1,000 feet of stone-filled timber cribs, and 1,600 feet of rubble-mound section; and dredging the harbor to a depth of 26 feet in the inner portion, with 28 feet at the entrance, both depths referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above the mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation in water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary na- ture, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $898,809. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $5,500. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3, 1896 June 13, 1902 Breakwater, 1,000 feet long --- Shore extension, 216 feet long-- .- -.. _ H. Doe. 318, 54th Cong., ]st sess. ...-....... __ __ Annual Report for 1903, pp. 474, 1823. Aug. 30, 1935 For dredging and rubble-mound extension to break- H. Doe. 473, 72d Cong., 2d sess. water, 1,600 feet long. Changed designation of I (Contains the latest published project. map.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is 1 merchandise wharf and 1 ore dock. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $569 and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $207. Repairs to rubble mound breakwater cost $24,- 605. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $25,381 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The breakwater is in fair condition but requires replacement of some stone. The controlling depth was 26 feet. The total costs were $1,041,230 of which $898,809 was for new work and $142,421 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1047 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - -- .. --- -------- --- --- $898,809 Cost..-------------------- -------- -- - 898,809 Maintenance: Appropriated Cost_ - --------------------- - - -- 7 $88-- $122.I $1,400 1,400 $28,000 1 23,133 146,039 140,172 1 Operation and results during fiscal year $25,381, less pending adjustment of $2,248. 11. MARQUETTE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is situated in Marquette Bay on the south shore of Lake Superior, 160 miles west of Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., and 256 miles east from Duluth, Minn. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 935.) Existing project. This provides for a 4,500-foot breakwater, the inner 3,000 feet of stone-filled timber cribs, and the outer 1,500 feet of rubble-mound construction, and dredging the harbor basin to a depth of 25 feet, giving a protected area of 350 acres. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal variation in water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level pre- vailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,117,312. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual main- tenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Breakwater, 2,000 feet long -----------------------.. H. Ex. Doc. 56, 39th Cong., 2d sess., pts. 1 and 2, and Annual Report, 1866, pp. 8 and 77. Aug. 11, 1888 Extending the breakwater 1,000 feet-------------- Annual Report, 1889, pp. 272 and 2021. June 25, 1910 Additional 1,500-foot extension to the breakwater and H. Doc. 573, 61st Cong., 2d sess. removing a shoal in the northerly partof the harbor. Aug. 30, 19351 Deepening of the harbor basin to 25 feet----- ......--. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 20, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' 1Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. s Contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities These consist of 1 ore dock, 1 coal dock, and 2 oil wharves. There are also several small fish wharves with- out railroad connections. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $712 and miscellaneous inspections and re- 1048 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U: S. ARMY, 1954 ports cost $41. Repairs to rubble mound breakwater, in progress at the close of the previous fiscal year, were completed at a cost of $1,002. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Gov- ernment plant.. The total cost was $1,775 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1935. The concrete-covered breakwater was completed in the fiscal year 1905, the rubble-mound portion of the breakwater in 1922, and the dredging in 1935. The rubble-mound portion of the breakwater is in fair condition but requires replacement of some stone and patching and resurfacing are necessary on a por- tion of the concrete-capped breakwater. The controlling depth in the harbor is 25 feet. The total cost was $1,531,396, of which $1,117,312 was for new work and $414,084 for maintenance, including $72,188 public works funds for new work. Cost and finantial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June - _30, 1954, includ- I ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated C ost- - - - -. ---...-.... .-- --.......- - - ------------- "-- i_- =... - ..- ------.------------ ------------------ -----------. $1,117,312 1,117,312 Maintenance: , Appropriated.------- -- $1,000 $16,000 -$1,263 $21, 300 -$2, 000 416,77( Cost---------- 1,675 14,827 - 14,859 11, 759 414, 088 1 Operation and results during fiscal year $1, 755, plus pending adjustments of $4. 12. GRAND MARAIS HARBOR OF REFUGE, MICH. Location. The harbor is situated on the south shore of Lake Superior, 314 miles east of Duluth, Minn., and 93 miles west of Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 9.) Existing project. This provides for parallel timber-crib piers 500 feet apart-aggregate length 4,566 feet--extending out to a depth in the lake of 22 feet at ordinary low water; for closing the natural entrance by a pile dike 5,770 feet long; and for dredging a channel 300 feet wide and 18 feet deep between the piers, and 500 feet wide and 20 feet deep at the lake approach. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Superior, which is 601.6 feet above mean tide at New York. The ordinary seasonal vari- ation in water level extends from 0 to +1 foot above low water datum. The harbor is subject to extreme fluctuations of water level of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric conditions, of about 1 foot above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,070,000. The lat- est (1954) approved estimate for annual maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1049 Acts Work authorized Documents Existing project, except for pile dike----- Specified in act. June 14, 1880 Exsting project, except for pile dike ...... Annual Report, 1881, p. 2050. For pile dike...._------------------------------- Annual Report, 1895, p. 351. May 17, 1950 800 foot extension of west pier....-------------------- H. Doc. 751, 80th Cong., 2d sess. SContains latest published map. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is no rail connection with the harbor. There are several small fish wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for present needs. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and use of Government plant at a total cost of $2,620 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 80 per- cent complete. Parallel piers were built 500 feet apart, 1,912 and 1,545 feet long, respectively, including 100 feet of pile revetment at the inner end of each pier; a channel 250 feet wide and 18 feet deep was dredged between the piers from the lake to the bay; and a pile dike was built in 1895-97 to close a natural entrance 5,770 feet in width. The west pier is in poor condition and requires re- pairs. The superstructure of the outer 744 feet of the east pier has been rebuilt in concrete and the balance of this pier is in fair condition but needs some timber decking and stone cover. The timber portion of the pile dike is in poor condition and the stone protection has settled. Some portions of the dike have been en- tirely destroyed by storm action. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were 15.8 feet deep in the lake approach and 17.0 feet in the channel. To complete the project there remains to construct an 800 linear foot extension to the existing west pier, and dredging to widen the inner portion of the channel from 250 feet to the project width of 300 feet. The costs were $355,885 for new work and $818,133 for main- tenance, a total of $1,174,018. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -----...... ----------- $355, 885 $.......... Cost--------------- -----------.........--------------------- --------.. . ------------ 355,885 Maintenance: Appropriated .. $166, 000 $ 44,000 $ 53, 243 $16, 286 $2, 200 820,081 Cost -..............- 16,308 136,501 111,992 13, 918 12,549 818061 I Operation and results during fiscal year $2,620, less pending adjustment of $71. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project- $714,100 - -- 1050 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 13. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete" maintenance 1. Bayfield Harbor, Wis. 2__ _ -_ 1950 147, 300 $-------------------- 2. Beaver Bay Harbor, Minn. 2................. 1945 - 216, 200 3. Big Bay Harbor, Mich ...-------------------- 1949 ' 188,000 4. ------------------ Black River Harbor, Mich.... 1950 10 $6,800 ----------- 238, 000 5. Chippewa Harbor, Isle Royale, Mich. 1. 1950 1,300 . 84, 500 6. Eagle Harbor, Mich. 13 1945 93,000 $8, 993 j 105,000 7. Knife River Harbor, Minn.' _ - 1953 -------------------------- 38,000 8. Lac La Belle Harbor, Mich------------------ 1949 -_-- 156,000 9. Little Lake Harbor, Mich. 2 3 _ 1945 -- ---------------------- 248,000 10. Lutsen Harbor, Minn. _ - - . 1945-- *328,800 11. Whitefish Point Harbor, Mich-... - 1951 8,920-------------- 356,100 1 Channels adequate for commerce. 2 Awaiting local cooperation. 3 Exclusive of $66,785 to be contributed by local interests. 4 Exclusive of $38,875 to be contributed by local interests. 5 Exclusive of $27,850 to be contributed by local interests. 6 Exclusive of $38,190 to be contributed by local interests. ? Exclusive of $38,000 to be contributed by local interests. 8 Exclusive of $57,670 to be contributed by local interests. 9 Modificationof project now before Congress. 1 o Amount contributed by local interests. 11 Revised in 1954. s Exclusive of $23,200 to be contributed by local interests. 13 Assurances of local cooperation approved on Mar. 22, 1948. 14. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Funds appropriated during fiscal year 1954 for .general investi- gations were allotted to the Milwaukee District by the Chief of En- gineers for performing this portion of the Duluth District work. 15. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) A contract awarded in fiscal year 1953 for snagging and clearing a 3-mile section of North Fish Creek, Bayfield County, Wisconsin, was completed. The total costs for the fiscal year were $919.92. The total cost, all new work, was $28,106. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954; includ- Ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated $ 106 -$10, 000 - $28,106 Cost--......-.- 7,-500- 9,080 $920 28,106 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) Pursuant to the above authorization, the small flood control project at Bayfield, Wisconsin, was approved. The authorized project provides for an inlet structure, steel culvert, open concrete FLOOD CONTROL-DULUTH, MINN., DISTRICT 1051 flume and outfall structure to protect the city of Bayfield by di- verting the flow in Ball Park Creek. The estimated cost is $207,- 000. Formal assurances have been given that the items of local co- operation as required by Section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948, as amended, will be furnished by local interests. The design memorandum and accompanying maps were com- pleted on September 15, 1953, and approved by the Chief of En- gineers on March 12, 1954. Plans and specifications for the pro- posed structures were completed on June 17, 1954. The total costs, all for new work, were $7,893. The work remaining to be done consists of awarding the con- tract for the construction. The total estimated cost of construc- tion is $207,000 of which $147,800 is to be assumed by the Federal Government and $59,200 by local interests. The total costs, all for new work, were $7,893. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 I Operations and results during fiscal year $7,893, and pending adjustment of $3. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT This district comprises eastern Wisconsin, the southern central portion of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, the western half of the Lower, or southern, Peninsula,.. and a small.portion of northern Indiana, embracing Lake Michigan and its tributary drainage basins west of the Straits of Mackinac, exclusive of those between the southern boundary of Wisconsin and the drainage basin of St. Joseph River, Mich., and Ind. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Manistique Harbor, Mich . 1053 19. Holland Harbor, Mich- 1092 2. Menominee Harbor and River, 20. Grand Haven Harbor and Mich. and Wis _ 1055 Grand River, Mich 1095 3. Oconto Harbor, Wis_ ...... 1057 21. Muskegon Harbor, Mich 1097 4. Green Bay Harbor, Wis . -- 1059 22. White Lake Harbor, Mich.._ 1099 5. Fox River, Wis________ 1061 23., Pentwater Harbor, Mich __ 1100 6. Sturgeon Bay and Lake Michi- 24. Ludington Harbor, Mich _ 1102 gan Ship Canal, Wis ..... 1066 25. Manistee Harbor, Mich _- 1104 - 7. A1 ama Harbor, Wis___ 1068 26. PortageLake Harbor of Refuge, 8. Iwaunee Harbor, Wis 1070 IManistee County, Mich 1106 9. Two Ribers Harbor, Wis_ . 1072 27. Frankfort Harbor, Mich___ 1107 10. Manitowoc Harbor, Wis 1074 28. Leland Harbor, Mich 1109. 11. Sheboygan Harbor, Wis . 1076 29. Traverse City Harbor, Mich_ 1110 12. Port Washington Harbor, Wis_ 1078 30. Charlevoix Harbor, Mich_ _ 1111 13. Milwaukee Harbor, Wis . --- 1080 31. Inactive Navigation Projects - 1113 14. Racine Harbor, Wis _.... 1083 15. Kenosha Harbor, Wis -___ 1085 Flood control 16. St. Joseph Harbor, Mich 1087 17. South Havenl Harbor, Mich___ 1089 32.: Generaflinvestigations - 18. Saugatuck. Harbor and Kala- 33. Flood control work under ma.6 River, Mich: _ 1091 special authorization_ S 1118. 1. MANISTIQUE HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the north shore of Lake Michigan, about 135 miles noirtheasterly from Green Bay Harbor and 220 miles northerly from Milwaukee. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart. No. 701.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 14, -1880. Further details, see page 1933 of Annual Report for 1915 and.page 1422 of Annual Report for 1938. Exi g project. This provides for two breakwaters extend- ing from the shore on either side of the mouth of the Manistique River, 1,744 feet and 1,480 feet in length for the east and west breakwaters, respectively, and for a pier 375 feet long on the west side at the river mouth. It further provides for an entrance chan- nel 19 feet deep from that depth in the lake to a point.about 300 feet landward of the harbor entrance, thencQ 18 feet to a point 1053 1054 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 about 1,150 feet upstream from the mouth of the river, and thence 18 feet, except where rock is encountered at less depth, for a fur- ther distance of about 500 feet, with widths of 276 feet at the breakwater entrance, increasing to 475 feet through the outer basin, decreasing to 215 feet at the river mouth, thence varying from 180 feet to 325 feet at the upper limit; the total length of channel being about 4,100 feet. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled piling and timber cribs, capped with concrete super- structure; the west pier is formed of stone-filled plank cribs. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Mich- igan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluc- tuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $715,900, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 Breakwaters and outer harbor-----------.------- H. Doc. 429, 58th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1907 Present location of west breakwater and pier at river Annual Report, 1908, p. 648, and mouth. unpublished report of Mar. 13, 1908, approved by Secretary of War, Apr. 3, 1908. May 17, 1950 Present project dimensions of channel-........_._.-- . H. Doc.' 721, 80th Cong., 2d sess.l 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of May 17, 1950, provided that re- sponsible local agencies shall furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction work and the sub- sequent maintenance thereof. Local interests were notified on July 19,1950, of the required conditions and requested to furnish as- surances that they will be met. Negotiations for the above assur- ances are in progress. All prior requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to a car-ferry slip there are 2 coal and building material wharves, 2 fishing wharves, and numer- ous lumberyard slips. While these facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing commerce, it is believed that a wharf, with rail connection and under public control, should be provided. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of dredging 31,559 cubic yards of material with hopper dredge for restoration of project depth at a cost of $22,682. Condition sur- veys were accomplished at a cost of $3,239. Miscellaneous in- spections and reports cost $475. A rubble mound shore connection at the inner end of the east breakwater 200 feet long was con- structed at a cost of $19,209. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant except for the construction of RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1055 the rubble mound shore connection. The total cost was $45,605 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of May 17, 1950, was completed in 1917. No work has been done on the last modification of the project providing for present dimensions of channel. The construction of the break- waters inclosing the basin was commenced in May 1911 and com- pleted in November 1914. Construction of the plank-crib pier was commenced in May 1909 and completed in October 1909. Dredg- ing of the channel to 18 feet over practically all the area below the car-ferry slip was commenced in June 1915 and completed in July 1915. Dredging of the channel above the slip to ledge rock was commenced in July 1917 and completed in August 1917. The breakwaters are in generally good condition. The plank-crib pier is in a very dilapidated condition and should be rebuilt. The con- trolling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 16.4 feet in the channel through the outer basin to the river mouth, thence 14.8 feet in the river to about 500 feet above the car-ferry slip, decreasing to about 11.6 feet along the easterly limit of the channel opposite the car-ferry slip. The costs under the ex- isting project were $307,252 for new work and $328,653 for main- tenance, a total of $635,905. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated _ , -- - - $311, 207 Cost __ 1 311,207 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... $19, 000 $30,371 $500 $17, 000 $29, 800 329,597 Cost----------------- 12, 263 29,614 1'414 1, 665 245,545 328, 593 1 Includes $3,955 for new work for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $45,605 less pending adjustment of $60. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project _ _----------_ _ _ $ $408,600 2. MENOMINEE HARBOR AND RIVER, MICH., AND WIS. Location. On the west shore of Green Bay, distant about 49 miles northeasterly from Green Bay Harbor, and about 155 miles from Milwaukee via Sturgeon Bay Canal. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 723.) Previous projects. Prior to 1902 the harbor and river consti- tuted two works. Harbor: River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, September 19, 1890, and March 3, 1899. River: River and Harbor Acts of September 19, 1890, July 13, 1892, and June 3, 1896. For further details see page 1933 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1424 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of the river by parallel piers 400 feet apart and about 1,870 and 2,681 feet in length for the north and south piers, respectively; for a channel 21 feet deen from that depth in the bav to the upper end Sig 34--1055-1086 1056 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of the Marinette municipal wharf, about 4,700 feet above the Og- den Street Bridge, and 10,700 feet from the outer end in the bay where the width is 600 feet, reducing to 300 feet between the piers and up to Ogdon Street Bridge, thence 200 feet in the river to the upper end of the municipal wharf, with an enlarged turn- ing basin 21 feet deep on the south side of the channel just below that wharf, and for a channel 12 feet deep and generally 90 feet wide upstream from the upper end of the municipal wharf for a distance of 2,500 feet to the vicinity of the Marinette Yacht Club. Except for 168 feet of concrete caissons at outer end of south pier, the piers are formed of stone-filled piling and timber cribs, the entire north pier and 2,156 feet of the south pier having been repaired with concrete superstructure. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctu- ations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pres- sures, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevail- ing at the time. The cost for new work was $149,505 exclusive of amounts ex- pended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $26,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 Entrance piers 1 ___--........................._ Annual Report, 1867, p. 132. June 13, 1902 Consolidation of the project for the harbor and river, H. Doc. 419, 56th Cong., 1st sess. and for a channel 18 feet deep. Mar. 4, 1913 Partial restoration of the work above the bridge which had been eliminated by the act of Mar. 3, 1905. July 3, 1930 For 20-foot depth in the channel and 18-foot depth in H. Doc. 171, 70th Cong., 1st sess. the turning basin. Aug. 30, 1935 For 21-foot depth in the channel and the turning basin Rivers and Harbors Committee and enlargement of the turning basin. Doc. 28, 73d Cong., 2d sess. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 For extending channel 12 feet deep, to vicinity of H. Doc. 228, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Marinette Yacht Club. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to a car-ferry slip, there are numerous wharves for handling coal, building materials, and mis- cellaneous commodities. The city of Marinette has provided a public wharf. The facilities are considered fairly adequate for ex- isting commerce, except that there is need for a public wharf owned by the city of Menominee, with warehouse and railway connection. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $5,018. Miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $258. The preparation of plans and specifications for reconstruction of 612 feet of south pier cost $5,914 and outer end of north pier cost $3,366. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $14,556. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1057 Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 2, 1945, was completed in 1938. No ad- ditional work is necessary to provide a depth of 12 feet in the ex- tension of the channel to the vicinity of the Marinette Yacht Club as project depth or more is now available. The entrance piers were completed in 1884 and are in generally good condition except for portions of the south pier and the outer end of the north pier which require repairs. Dredging of the channel below the Mari- nette municipal wharf and enlarging the turning basin, to existing project depth, was commenced in May 1938 and completed in No- vember 1938. The inner 654 feet of the north pier is no longer es- sential for the preservation of the channel and is therefore main- tained only for a length of about 1,216 feet. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 21 feet in the channel to the Marinette municipal wharf and in the turning basin, except in the southerly 140 feet of the basin, where it shoals to about 8.4 feet along the extreme southerly limit. The channel above the municipal wharf for a distance of 2,500 feet to the vicinity of the Marinette Yacht Club has depths gradu- ally decreasing from 12 to 7 feet. The river is available for rafting and logging for about 102 miles above its mouth. The costs under the existing project were $149,505 for new work and $566,841 for maintenance, a total of $716,346. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated_--- ---------- ...---------------------------------------------- $461,928 Cost---------------------...............----------------------------------------------- 461,928 Maintenance: Appropriated .....- $4, 000 $10, 889 $3, 500 $13, 500 $211, 200 801, 554 Cost ............ 6,302 11,023 3, 437 11,688 213, 675 602,154 1 Includes $312,423 for new work and $36,194 for maintenance for previous projects. Operations and results during fiscal year $14,556, less pending adjustment of $881. 3. OCONTO HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Green Bay, distant about 31 miles northeasterly from Green Bay Harbor, Wis., and about 25 miles southwesterly from Menominee Harbor, Mich., and Wis., at the mouth of Oconto River. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 703.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of Au- gust 2, 1882. A modification of this project was approved by the Chief of Engineers March 11, 1897. For further details see page 1934 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1427 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the river mouth by parallel piers 140 feet apart extending from the shore line on either side of the Oconto River, 1,350 and 2,200 feet in length for the north and south piers, respectively, and for a channel 15 feet 1058 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 deep at low water datum from that depth in the bay up the river, a distance of 800 feet above its mouth to the upper end of the turning basin, a total length of 3,800 feet, varying in width from the 150 feet at the outer end, increasing to 300 feet near the outer end of the south pier, reducing to 100 feet between the piers and enlarg- ing to 375 feet in the turning basin. The piers are formed of slab- and stone-filled piling, about 70 feet of the outer end of the south pier having been capped with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $46,185, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The lat- est (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 2, 1882 Piers, except for inner 300 feet of south pier and 250 Annual Report, 1881, p. 2066. feet of north pier built by city.' June 25, 1910 Present project dimensions of channel and turning H. Doc. 538, 61st Cong., 2d sess. basin. Plan C.2 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of 2 municipally owned wharves of 400- and 100-foot frontage, respectively, for miscel- laneous freight, which are open to general public use. The facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of commencing the preparation of plans for the reconstruction of the outer 70 feet of the south pier at a cost of $103. Condition sur- veys were made at a cost of $719. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant at a total cost for main- tenance of $822. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1912. The piers were completed in 1885. Dredging of the channel and turning basin to existing project depth was com- menced in July 1911 and completed in May 1912. The north pier is washed out. The south pier is in poor condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 7.2 feet in the entrance channel and 3.5 feet over a width of about 80 feet on the north side of the turning basin along the municipal wharf. The river is available for logging and rafting for a dis- tance of about 50 miles above its mouth. The costs under the ex- isting project were $46,185 for new work and $40,945 for main- tenance, a total of $87,130. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1059 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S. 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated-------- ------------ ------------ -------------- ------ .. $130,754 Cost --- --- ------- ------------------- 130,754 Maintenance: Appropriated .-.-- -$500 $419 $800 $600 49,674 . Cost---------------- 711 831 ----------- 9 822 49,106 ' Includes $84,569 for new work and $8,161 for maintenance for previous project. 4. GREEN BAY HARBOR, WIS. Location. Located at the mouth of the Fox River, at the head of Green Bay, distant about 180 miles from Milwaukee, Wis., via Sturgeon Bay Canal, and about_ 49 miles southwesterly from Men- ominee Harbor, Mich., and Wis. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 725.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1866. This project was modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June;23, 1874; July 13, 1892; and June 3, 1896. For further details see page 1934 of Annual Report of 1915 and page 1431, Annual Report of 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer channel in Green Bay about 10 miles long and 22 feet deep, from that depth in the bay at the mouth of Fox River, varying in width from 500 feet at the outer end to 300 feet at the river mouth, including widening of the bend outside of Tail Point Light; for protecting the portion through Grassy Island, about 700 feet long, on the east side by a stone-filled timber pile revetment capped with concrete superstruc- ture; for straightening the channel from the inner end of Grassy Island to the river mouth; for widening the channel in Fox River through the city of Green Bay by the removal of shoals at the mouth of East River and between the two upper railroad bridges to a depth of 22 feet; for a turning basin 22 feet deep at the mouth of East River; for a turning basin 20 feet deep above the Chicago & North Western Railway bridge near the southern limits of the city of Green Bay; for an inner channel in the river 150 feet wide and 18 feet deep extending upstream about 31/2 miles from the latter turning basin to De Pere, terminating in another turning basin 18 feet deep with sufficient area to accommodate 500-foot vessels. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctu- ations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 21/ feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work for the entire project (1954) is $1,780,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and excluding $70,000 contributed and $30,000 to be contributed 1060 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance for the entire project is $50,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 1866 Outer channel and revetment at Grassy Island 1. Annual Report, 1867, p. 70. July 13, 1892 Inner channel 1__................................ Unpublished report approved Aug. 3, 1892. June 25, 1910 ___ Turning basin at De Pere-..__ ... .... . ___ -_- H . Doc. 522, 61st Cong., 2d sess. H. Doc. 1017, 64th Cong., 1st sess.2 Aug. 8, 1917 Maintenance of the turning basin at De Pere _ Mar. 3, 1925 Increasing depth of inner channel and turning basin H. Doc. 294, 68th Cong., 1st sess. to 18 feet. Aug. 30, 19353 Deepening outer channel to 22 feet with widening Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 and straightening inside of Tail Point Bend, widen- Doc. 40, 72d Cong., 1st sess. ing the channel in Fox River through the city of Green Bay to a depth of 22 feet. Aug. 26, 1937 Turning basin above the Chicago & North Western Rivers and Harbors Committee Ry. bridge. Doc. 73, 74th Cong., 2d sess.s 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin at mouth of East River H. Doc. 95, 76th Cong., 1st sess. .------------- I Completed under previous projects. 2 Contain latest published maps. 3 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Jan. 3, 1934. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and righas-of-way and spoil disposal areas for the ini- tial work and for subsequent maintenance as required and contrib- ute $30,000 toward the cost of dredging the turning basin at the mouth of East River. Assurances of local cooperation were fur- nished by the city of Green Bay and were approved by the Chief of Engineers on December 6, 1950. All prior requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are numerous wharves for the han- dling of coal, petroleum products, grain, pulpwood, wood pulp, sulpher, cement, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities located on this waterway. Green Bay has provided a municipal wharf open to the public. These facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of dredging 115,220 cubic yards of material with dipper dredge for restoration of project depth at a cost of $51,542. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $6,540. Miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $847. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost for maintenance was $58,929. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 2, 1945, was completed in 1938. No work has been done on the last modification of the project pro- viding for a turning basin at the mouth of East River. Deepen- ing and widening the outer channel in Green Bay, to existing project depth and width, was commenced in August 1934 and com- pleted in November 1936. Dredging the channel in Fox River through the city of Green Bay was commenced in May 1935 and completed in November 1935. Dredging the turning basin above the Chicago& North Western Railway bridge was commenced in August 1938 and completed in September 1938. Dredging the RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1061 inner channel and turning basin to existing project depth was commenced in June 1926 and completed in October 1926. The east revetmet at Grassy Island, built in 1869, is in generally good condition. The west revetment was entirely removed in July 1935. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 19.6 feet in the outer channel and 22 feet in the channel through the city of Green Bay, 18.7 feet in turning basin above railway bridge, 13.3 feet in the inner channel, and 18 feet in the turning basin at De Pere except for some shoaling at upper end. The head of deepwater navigation is at De Pere. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds -__ $ 667, 917 $1, 053, 710 $1, 721, 627 Public Works funds-__ - - 940, 800 940, 800 Total ..................--------------------------------------- 1,608, 717 1,053,710 2,662,427 In addition $70,000 contributed funds were expended on new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ---- -___._-- - ___ __--~ __ __~_ !30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated 2 $2, 005, 691 Cost$ 22,005, 691 Maintenance: Appropriated $65,500 $42, 500 $63, 400 $58, 500 $58, 900 1, 062, 824 Cost_ - 71,012 43,185 62,777 58,237 58,929 1,062,628 1 Includes $396,974 for new work and $8,918 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $70,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project __ $171,300 5. FOX RIVER, WIS. Location. This river rises in Columbia County, Wis., and flows in a northerly direction into Green Bay. Its length is about 176 miles. The Wolf River, physically the main river but by designa- tion a tributary of the Fox, rises in the central part of Forest County, Wis., and flows in a southerly direction about 220 miles into the Fox River 10 miles above Oshkosh. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 726 for Lake Winnebago and lower Fox River.) Previous projects. As provided by special act of July 7, 1870, and River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872, the original project was modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1873. The improvement of the Wisconsin River was abandoned in 1887 (Annual Report for 1887, p. 2096). For further details see page 1940 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1434 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for deepening and widening the channel of Fox River from De Pere, 7 miles above the mouth, 1062 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 to Portage, Wis., a total length of 156 miles, the depth between De Pere and Montello, 125 miles, to be 6 feet, with 9.6 feet in rock cut below De Pere lock and 7 feet in other rock cuts on the lower river below Menasha lock; and from Montello to Portage, 31 miles, the depth to be 4 feet; the width of channel from Lake Win- nebago to Montello to be 100 feet, with necessary widening at bends; for the construction and reconstruction of 27 locks and 16 dams; for a concrete retaining wall at Kaukauna; for construction and maintenance of harbors having depths of 6 feet on Lake Win- nebago; for widening Neenah Channel to 100 feet, with a 6-foot depth for a length of about 1 mile; and for dredging, snagging, and otherwise improving Wolf River from its mouth to New Lon- don, a distance of 47 miles, the depth to be 4 feet. All depths are referred to standard low water. Ordinary and extreme fluctuations of water level above and be- low mean stages on various parts of the improvement, due to floods and other causes, are about as follows: Ordinary fluctuations Extreme fluctuations Place Above mean Below mean Above mean Below mean stage (feet) stage (feet) stage (feet) stage (feet) I I I Lower Fox River at De Pere Dam_ __ 1.0 1.4 2.5 4.0 Lake Winnebago ___________...._....___ 1.2 1.3 2.2 3.7 Upper Fox River at Berlin Dam_ 2.7 1.4 5.7 2.0 Wolf River at New London-_----.---- 5.0 2.6 8.8 3.0 The estimated cost of new work (1954) is 2,958,300 for the up- per river and $799,400 for the lower river; a total of $3,757,700 exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,- 000 for the upper river, if project dimensiosn are once fully ob- tained and $110,000 for the lower river; a total of $130,000. The latest (1954) estimate of annual cost of operation and care of the locks and dams is $250,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 5, 1886 Improvement of Fox River Annual Report, 1885, pp. 2041-2045 t (plan of board approved Dec. 10, 1884, as modified by Corps of Engineers, May 14, 1886). Sept. 19, 1890 Dredging Fond du Lac Harbor on Lake Winnebago__ H. Ex. Doec. 24, 51st Cong., 1st sess. Annual Report, 1890, p. 2390. June 3, 1896 Improvement of Wolf River________ _________ No prior survey or estimate. Do ...... Improvement of Stockbridge, of Calumet and Miller Do. June 13, 1902 Bay, and of Brothertown Harbors, on Lake Winne- Mar. 2, 1907 bago. Mar. 3, 1925 Increased depth in rock cuts on lower river, widening H. Doe. 294, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Neenah Channel, and for a concrete retaining wall at Kaukauna. June 26, 1934 1 Operation and care of locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 1Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. The latest published maps are contained in H. Doc. 146, 67th Cong., 2d sess., and in H. Doc. 294, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Locks and dams, Fox River, Wis. Depth at nor- Dis- mal pool tance Dis- Clear val-Character Date of Clear NameoockordatDus- vlal Name of lock or dam fromn Nearest town tance width able Lift f found Kin of Type of construction omple- Actual Green length (feet) Breast Lower dam cost Bay (miles) (eet) (feet) wall I miter tion tion (miles) (feet) sill (feet) De Pere lock 2_________________ 7.1 De Pere....... ........ 36.0 146.0 8.9 10.3 12.0 Rock...--- _ .. Concfete -------.............. 1936 $229,307.79 De Pere Dam 2________________.............. 7.2 do-------- - .do ....Fixed 3 4 ..- do-....---------- 1929 209,536.08 Little Kaukauna lock 2 ...... 13.0 36.0 6..... 146.0 7.2 8.0 9.5 Clay -.... -------- S.le ado- 1938 .....------------ 362,426.81 Little Kaukauna Dam 2....... 13.1 ..... do...... 6 ....................... . .............. Clay and Fixed 3 4__ Piles and concrete- 1926 179,397.62 Rapide Croche lock 2_......... 2 19.2 Wrightstown_. 2 36.0 146.0 8.3 8.8 9.3 gravel. Rock ... Concrete-----........-----... 1934 228, 738. 33 zM Rapide Croche Dam2 _____..._ 19.3 .....do........ 2 ---do..... Fixed 34. _ .....do ----..........-------- 1930 118,975.40 Kaukauna fifth lock _________.......... 2 22.8 Kaukauna.... 35.6 144.0 9.1 6.7 7.4 .-.do...... Composite---....------ 1898 513.309.90 00 Kaukauna fourth lock2 ........ 23.1 do_..._... ..... 36.6 144.1 10.2 6.9 6.0 ___do...... Stone masonry ....... 1879 37,536.37 Kaukauna third lock ......... 23.3 -....do-....... 30.6 144.0 10.2 6.9 6.3 ..... _ . do. _... .. 1879 39,948.41 Kaukauna second lock 2 2....... 23.4 ..... do....... 35.0 144.0 9.6 6.0 6.0 ... do.- -- ---- do--------------- 1903 24,312.77 Kaukauna first lock2 s .......... 23.6 .....do......... 35.1 144.4 11.0 6.9 6.0 ...do ... do.............----------- .....---- 1883 38, 703.52 Kauhauna Dam .............. 24.0 do......... --..-- ___do_....... --- do--.---- Concrete--.....--- 1931 123,763.41 Kaukauna guard lock--......... 24.0 .....do........ 40.0 9.4 --.do ... Stone masonry-__ ....- 1891 12,630.30 Little Chute combind lock: _.do....... Lower 22--........---.-..... 25.4 Little Chute -- 1 35.4 146.5 10.9 6.0 8.6 . do ... ... ---..... do-....------- 1879 }102,303.82 Upper ---------- 2 25.4 .....do......... 1 36.3 144.1 10.6 7.6 6.0 Hardpan - Fixed 34__. ----.....do------. ------ 1879 Little Chute second lock s.... 26.4 ..... do......... 35.0 144.2 13.8 8.0 6.2 RockSand...... ------do 1881 48,555.36 C Little Chute first (guard) lock 2 26.5 -...- do......... 35.4 6.6 ..... do. _---- --- --- 1904 5 7,816.56 M Little Chute Dam 2-......... 26.6 ..... do......... Eartdo..... Concrete-....... - 1932 82, 533.74 W Cedars lock 2-_-_--_ ------ _ ... 27.3 do--------- ----- 1 7.3 --- do-........ 35.0 144.0 9.8 6.8 Claydo---- Fixed __. Stone masorry- .. __- ----------- 1888 34,972.19 Cedars Dam 2__-_-_-_-_-- _ 27.4 1 Eardoth..... 3 Concrete___ _____ 1933 84,872.55 Appleton fourth lock22........ 30.7 Appleton...... 1 35.0 144.0 7.6 8.1 7.9 __do .. ... Fixed 4_. Stone masonry-....... 1907 40,892.55 Appleton lower dam ......... 30.9 -...do-......... ___do-...... Concrete-.....----- - 1934 73,902.53 Appleton third lock 2_2 --- ... 31.3 do_ .... ..... 35.0 144.0 8.7 6.0 8.6 --- do-...... Stone masonry-....... Fixed 3 ... ..---- 1909 32,238.39 0 Appleton second lock - -........ 31.6 ..... do....... 35.1 144.6 9.6 6.9 6.0 Clay ...... do................------------ 1901 22, 939.54 Appleton first lock 2........... Appleton upper dam------.... Menasha lock 2----........-.-. 31.9 32.2 37.0 ..... do...... ..... do ..... Menasha_ . 35.0 35.4 144.7 144.0 10.0 8.5 6.6 7.2 6.0 8.0 Rockth..... _do------ Clay-..... Fixed 34... ..... do--................---------- Concrete----------.............. Composite ---------............ 1899 1884 1940 36,004.48 151,558.40 5 19,326.46 8 0 H Menasha Dam 2_____________ 37.8 ..... do ........ Hardpan.- Fixed 3.... Concrete--------- 1937 84,686.04 0 Eureka lock ................. 81.0 Eureka ...... 2 35.0 148.6 2. O 7. 9 10.1 Sand_.... Stone masonry and 1876 51,127.51 concrete. O Eureka Dam-------------..... 81.2 do _. -.... Earth_:__. Timber and plank ... 1877 10,276.15 Berlin lock-- ... 89.3 Berlin...... 34.8 148.6 1.3 9.2 Clay .... Stone masonry--..----- 1878 44,370.98 Berlin Dam- ................. 89.4 ..... do...... Earth .... Timber cribs-------.......... 1894 14,747.14 CD White River lock...-......... 99.3 Princeton ... 34.5 148.5 1.9 10.7 Clay ..... Stone masonry-........ 1878 58,709.94 White River Dam...-----... 99.2 --... do......... Earth ..... Timber cribs-......... 1895 17,285.64 See footnotes]at endjof table. Locks and dams, Fox River, Wis.-Continued i i i Depth at nor- Dis- mal pool tance Clear Avail- Date of Name of lock or dam from Nearest town tDis- able Lift Character Kind of Actual tance width of founda- Type of construction comple- Green (miles) (feet) length (feet) Breast Lower tion dam tion cost Bay (feet) wall 1 miter (miles) (feet) sill M (feet) O Princeton lock................. 108.6 Princeton..... 3 34.9 148.4 1.5 7. 3 9.5 Sand---- ----------- Stone masonry. __- 1878 $51, 577. 84 y Princeton Dam 108.6 .....- do---......--- ----................ 3 ---------- ------------------------... do...... Fixed __.. Timber cribs.. 1898 11, 265.69 Grand River lock----............----. 129.2 Montello...... 3 34.7 148.3 1.4 6.4 9.8 Clay.------__------___ - Stone masonry ___ 1878 56,989.43 C2 Grand River Dam-----.........---.... 129.2 -....-- do......------... 3 ................................... Clay and Fixed 3 ' ._ Timber cribs-..--___. 1898 8, 446.86 sand. Montello lock' --- . 132.5 ..... do--...........-.. 35.3 137.0 3.8 4.8 5.7 Sand ...- ___.... Composite _________ 1901 5 4,889.83 Montello Dam 2 M _ 132.6 -..... do...--------- ---- ---- _____-- .----------..- do...__..Fixed 4.. Timber cribs ........ 1933 5 6,772.55 Governor Bend lock --.......... 156.7 Portage....... 6 35.0 137.0 3.8 6 7.0 5.2 _..do._____----- ----- do......----------- 1931 5 30,825.38 0 Governor Bend Dam 2......... 156.7 -..... do....----- 6 ------------------------------.......... do .. Fixed--__ .. __do__ ------ 1865 (7) Fort Winnebago lock _____......... 160.9 ..... do.....--------. 2 34.7 137.0 6.4 5.8 5.6 Clay-----_ ...-- Composite- ...-.... -______ _ _ 1936 521, 515. 46 M Portage lock .----- 163.1 ____do.........-----........ 35.2 146.0 2.3 10.5 8. 2 Sand....--------------Concrete.... .. 1928 179, 604.83 z 1 Depth shown in on breast wall, which is controlling depth for upper pool. 5 Partially rebuilt. W : Original structure built prior to assumption of control by the United States on 6 Depth shown is on upper sill, which is controlling depth. Sept. 18, 1872. * Unknown. ' Provided with sluices. ' Flash boards used. !" 1;1 il RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1065 Recommended modifications of project. Legislation authoriz- ing the abandonment of that part of the improvement of Wolf River above Fremont and the upper Fox River from the mouth of the Wolf to the Wisconsin River has been recommended in House Document No. 146, 67th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The wharf and landing facilities are, in general, adequate for the accommodation of existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were .made at a cost of $3,352 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $2,196. Supervision and inspection cost $11,120; lock operations, $104,199, ordinary repairs to locks and dams, $13,048; maintenance of buildings and grounds, $16,484. The lower gates at Appleton first lock were rebuilt and the sluice gates at Appleton lower dam and lock gates at DePere lock were sandblasted and painted; new stop log timbers were provided at Cedars Lock, Little Kaukauna Lock and Rapid Croche Lock; a pipe flume was constructed at Kaukauna first lock; at Little Chute Guard Lock, the gate arms were renewed, all at a cost of $49,991. New roofs were installed on lockmaster's dwelling at Appleton second, Little Chute third and Rapid Croche locks, and a new water supply well was drilled at Rapid Croche lock dwelling, all at a cost of $3,255. Repairs to canal banks from DePere to Menasha were made at a cost of $6,071. Dredging of material for the re- moval of shoals along the river channel between DePere and Menasha cost $4,156. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant except for the well drilling. The total cost was $213,872 for operation and maintenance. Rent receipts during the fiscal year amounted to $5,965, leaving a net cost of $207,907. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 44 percent complete (upper river, 25 percent; lower, 83 percent). Twenty-two original locks and nine original dams have been re- built; five additional locks and dams have been built by the United States. (See existing project for year of completion of each.) The structures and the dredging in pools have increased the original depths generally about 2 feet. The controlling depths at standard low water at the close of the fiscal year were as follows: Fox River: De Pere to mouth of Wolf River ---------------------------------------- 6.0O Thence to Eureka lock-....................................... 3.2 Wolf River: Mouth to 1 mile below Partridge Crop Lake -........... 3.5 Thence to New London ................ .......... . ... .. 2.0 Harbors on Lake Winnebago .......------------------------ ----------- 1.0-3.0 The practicable drafts of vessels are aboue one-half foot less than the controlling depths which prevail throughout the year ex- cept when the rivers are frozen, usually from December 1 to April 1. As commerce no longer existed on the upper Fox River from the Wolf River to the Wisconsin' River, Federal expenditures for continuing the operation of the nine locks on this portoin of the project were no longer justified. Accordingly the operation of these structures was discontinued in July 1951. The work remain- ing to be done to complete the project is dredging in the upper Fox 1066 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 River and the upper portion of the Wolf River and rock removal and deepening Neenah Channel on lower Fox River; which are no longer considered necessary. Except for Menasha lock, which should be rebuilt, the existing locks and dams are in generally fair to good condition. The costs under the existing project were $871,724 for new work and $5,971,012 for operation and main- tenance, a total of $6,842,736. In addition, the sum of $3,795,495.53 (including $89,309.40 under previous projects) was expended be- tween July 5, 1884, and June 30, 1935, on the operating and care of the works of improvement under the provision of the perma- nent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated ........ ------------------- - --- $4,111, 634 Cost------ ----------------------------------------------------------- 4,111634 Maintenance : Appropriated........ $246,000 $270, 000 $265, 900 $242, 500 $221, 000 9,779, 255 Cost-.--------------- 341,645 297,950 287,861 249,661 2 209,384 9,768,016 1Includes $3,239,910 for new work and $89,309 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $207,907, plus pending adjustment of $1,477. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project--_--- - ------------- $2,886,000 6. STURGEON BAY AND LAKE MICHIGAN SHIP CANAL, WIS. Location. This improvement is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 52 miles northeasterly from Green Bay and about 128 miles northerly from Milwaukee. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 728.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, and June 14, 1880. The United States assumed pos- session of the canal April 25, 1893, as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892. The original project for the canal was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, modified by River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details, see page 1935 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1441 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin protected by two converging breakwaters, each 1,344 feet in length, extending from the shore on either side of the easterly or Lake Michigan end of the canal; for a revetted canal 7,200 feet in length, varying in width from 160 to 250 feet; for a channel 23 feet deep in rock cut, extending from that depth in Lake Michi- gan to about 800 feet west of the east entrance of the revetted canal, a length of about 0.6 mile; thence a channel 22 feet deep through an additional 6,400 feet of revetted canal and through Sturgeon Bay to the vicinity of Sherwood Point, a length of about 8 miles, the total length of channel being about 8.6 miles; the width of channel being 600 feet in Lake Michigan, reducing to 200 feet through the harbor and 130 to 220 feet through the revetted canal, thence 250 feet through Sturgeon Bay to a point 5,400 feet north- RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, IiWIS., DISTRICT 1067 west of the railroad bridge in the city of Sturgeon Bay and thence 500 feet to the vicinity of Sherwood Point; for a;turning basin 20 feet deep, on the southwesterly side of the channel, southeasterly of the highway bridge, between the city and the Bushman wharves; and that the turning basin immediately west of the revetted canal be eliminated from the project. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled piling and timber cribs and have been provided with concrete superstructures; the revetments are formed of timber and steel piling, 886 feet having been provided with concrete super- structure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michaigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme. fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric:pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $736,303, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $120,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1873 Breakwaters 1_ - ___- ..-------- -___ H. Ex. Doc. 34, 42d Cong., 2d sess. H............... Annual Report, 1872, p. 171. July 13, 1892 Acquisition of the canal.. -------------.............. H. Ex. Doc. 106, 49th Cong., 2d sess. June 13, 1902 Canal revetments and consolidation of the canal and H. Doc. 117, 56th Cong., 2d sess. harbor works. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the channels and elimi- Rivers and Harbors Committee nation of turning basin; immediately west of the Doc. 9, 74th Cong., 1st sess.2 revetted canal. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin between the city and the Bushman H. Doc. 421, 78th Cong., 2d sess. wharves. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. As the canal and connecting channel is a through waterway, the only terminal facilities are in the city of Sturgeon Bay, 4 miles from the west end of the revetted portion of the canal. These facilities consist of 4 coal wharves, 4 ship-build- ing yards, and 1 package-freight wharf. The city of Sturgeon Bay has provided a public wharf. There is also an inactive large stone wharf located about 5 miles northwesterly from the city of Stur- geon Bay. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of dredging 25,250 cubic yards of material with dipper dredge for restoration of project depth in the canal at a cost of $15,601. Com- pletion of maintenance dredging with Government hopper dredge at the harbor entrance, in progress at the close of the previous fiscal year, cost $210. Condition surveys cost $6,499 and mis- cellaneous inspections and reports cost $553. The preparatio i of 1068 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY. 1954 plans and specifications for reconstruction of 301 feet of the south revetment cost $2,191. The reconstruction of 700 feet of the north revetment, in progress at the close of the previous fiscal year, was completed at a cost of $35,326. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant except for the reconstruc- tion of 700 feet of the north revetment. The total cost was $60,380 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1946. The breakwaters were completed in 1880, and the canal revetments in 1903. Dredging and rock removal at the easterly entrance to the canal and dredging in the westerly section of the canal, to existing project depth, were commenced in May 1940 and completed in September 1940. Deepening and widening the middle section of the canal to existing project depth and width was commenced in May 1942 and completed in August 1942. Dredging of the turning basin was commenced in June 1946 and completed in July 1946. The breakwaters are in generally good condition. The canal revetments require repairs and backfilling. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 20.5 feet in the canal and 19.5 feet in the turning basin. The costs under existing project were $736,303 for new work and $1,818,958 for maintenance, a total of $2,555,261. In addition, the sum of $425,259.17 (including $189,319.35 under previous proiects) was expended between April 25. 1893, and June 30. 1917, on the operating and care of the works of improvement under the provision of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such pur- poses. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1ing 1953 1954 fiscal years prior to 19501 New work: Cost --....------------------------------------ 1,059,722 Maintenance : Appropriated ..- - - - $192, 500 $ 22,020 $4, 000 $168,300 $68, 500 2, 319, 555 Cost . .. 116,653 104,426 5,452 131,838 260,369 2,274,617 1 Includes $323,419fornew work and $219,730formaintenance forprevious projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal lesspending adjustment year $60,380, of $11. 7. ALGOMA HARBOR, WIS. Location. Algoma Harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michi- gan, distant about 68 miles from Green Bay via Sturgeon Bay Canal and about 115 miles northerly from Milwaukee. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 703.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873; March 3, 1875; July 5, 1884; and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 1935 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1445, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor 14 feet deep enclosed by a north pier, 1,102 feet long, extending approxi- mately normal to the shore, and a south breakwater, 1,530 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1069 long, extending from the shore at a point about 1,000 feet south of the remaining 481 feet of the pier on the south side of the channel at the mouth of Ahnapee River, and for a channel of same depth as outer harbor, except where rock is encountered at less depth, ex- tending from that depth in the lake up the river a distance of 1,000 feet from its mouth, a total length of about 2,100 feet; this channel varies in width from 175 to 80 feet at Second Street Bridge. The piers are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and piling and the breakwater of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and pil- ing. The north pier and south breakwater have been provided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $99,236, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 North pier or breakwater 1-. - .__-__....-- . Annual Report, 1871, p. 126. Mar. 2, 1907 South breakwater and present project dimensions of Unpublished report submitted channel and basin. Sept. 25, 1907. 2 (No prior survey or estimate. ) Completed under previous projects. 2 The latest published map is in Annual Report, 1908, p. 1954. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. These consist of a coal wharf and several fishing wharves. The facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys by hired labor and use of Government plant were made at a cost of $1,075 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1909. The north pier was completed in 1890, the south pier and breakwater and dredging in 1909. The north pier and south breakwater are in generally good condition. The south stub pier at the river mouth is in a dilapidated condition and should be rebuilt. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 14 feet in the entrance channel to the outer end of south stub pier, decreasing to 11 feet to the coal wharf at the inner end of the north pier, thence 6 feet in a narrow channel to Second Street Bridge. The Ahnapee River is navigable for a dis- tance of about 2 miles from its mouth for vessels drawing not more than 4 feet. The costs under the existing project were $99,236 for new work and $263,521 for maintenance, a total of $362,757. 1070 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated .------------ ------------ ------------ Cost--------........ ------------. ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------------------------------ $292, 010 292, 010 Maintenance: Appropriated------- $7, 000 -$452 ------------ $1, 000 $150 272, 248 Cost----------------- 6, 738 1,180 ----- 36 1,075 272,209 I Includes $192,774 for new work and $8,688 for maintenance for previous projects. 8. KEWAUNEE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 105 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 78 miles from Green Bay, via Sturgeon Bay Canal. The harbor is at the mouth of the Kewaunee River. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 73.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For further details, see page 1936 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1447 of Annual Re- port for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a converging north break- water and shore connection about 3,130 feet long, removal of about 1,400 feet of the total length of about 1,850 feet of the north pier, a south pier about 1,850 feet long, an entrance channel, about 2,800 feet long and 20 feet deep, leading to an interior turning basin of the same depth, the entrance channel to have a general width, of 505 feet for a distance of about 1,500 feet through the outer basin, decreasing thence to about 156 feet between the piers to the turning basin; also for removal of the outer south shoal to a depth of 22 feet. The parallel piers are formed of stone-filled piling and are capped with concrete superstructure, except for 216 feet of the south pier which consists of steel sheet piling. The north break- water is formed of concrete caissons and the north-shore connec- tion is a rubble mound. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctu- ations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,160,000, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1071 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1881 Entrance piers 1------...-................----......- Annual Report, 1881, p. 2082. June 25, 1910 Turning basin_ ---------------------------------- H. Doc. 324, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,19352 North breakwater, removal of old north pier, widen- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing and deepening entrance channel and turning Doc. 43, 72d Cong., lst[sess.' basin to 20 feet, and removal of outer south shoal. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Included in the Emergency Relief program, May 28, 1935. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Besides two car-ferry slips, there is a coal wharf, a grain wharf, a shipbuilding yard, and several fishing wharves. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,848 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $269. The preparation of plans, etc. for repairs to outer end of south pier cost $1,327. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The costs were $3,444 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 71 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of re- moval of the outer shoal and an additional 700 linear feet of the north pier; widening of the inner 700 feet of the channel through the outer basin, and closing the gap in the north-shore connection, all of which is not considered necessary under present conditions. The piers were completed in 1897 and are in generally good condi- tion except that the south pier requires repairs. Construction of the north breakwater and shore connection, except for a gap of 150 feet about 830 feet from the shoreward end, and the removal of the outer 706.5 linear feet of the north pier were commenced in September 1935 and completed in June 1937. Dredging the en- trance channel and interior basin, to existing project depth, was commenced in April 1938 and completed in October 1938. The con- trolling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 20 feet in the entrance channel, and 18.1 feet between the piers and over an area 400 by 400 feet in the turning basin. The Kewaunee River is navigable for a distance of about 61/2 miles above the mouth for craft drawing not more than 4 feet. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds-------------------------------- $ 72,057 $384,480 $456, 537 Emergency Relief funds__ ---------- --------------- --- 420, 000 420, 000 Total.........----------------------------------------- 492,057 384,480 876.536 1072 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _........ $641, 369 Cost ------------ ---------------------------- -- 641,369 Maintenance: Appropriated .--- $23,847 $13, 500 $1,500 $9,000 $1,350 472, 878 Cost----------------- 21,560 13,439 2,312 6,820 3,444 472,844 1Includes $149,312 for new work and $88,364 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project__ ___ _ _ _ __ $668,000 9. TWO RIVERS HARBOR, WIS. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 82 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 101 miles from Green Bay via Sturgeon Bay Canal. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 73.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871. For further details, see page 1936 of Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 1450 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for two entrance piers at the mouth of Twin Rivers, 245 feet apart at the outer ends and 750 feet apart at the shore line, having lengths of about 1,642 feet and 1,720 feet for the north and south piers, respectively; for a channel 2,600 feet long and 18 feet deep extending from that depth in the lake to an inner basin of the same depth at the confluence of the East and West Twin Rivers, the channel varying in width from 500 feet at the outer end to 200 feet between the piers; for a revet- ment about 450 feet long on the north side at the inner end of the channel and for a small stilling basin beyond the shore line on the north side of the channel. The piers are formed of stone-filled tim- ber cribs and piling, and have been provided with concrete super- structure; the pile revetment on north side of channel is also pro- vided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $89,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1073 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1871 South pier, 750 feet of north pier, and about 44 feet of Annual Report, 1871, p. 123 (as north revetment.' modified by the Chief of Engi- neers Feb. 27, 1897). Mar. 2, 1907 Remainder of north pier and stilling basin_.- -....- H. Doc. 730, 59th Cong., 1st sess. (Modification of plan A.) Aug. 30, 1935 Deepening entrance channel and inner basin to 18 Rivers and Harbors Committee2 feet. Doc. 25, 73d Cong., 2d sess. I Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of a coal wharf and several fishing wharves. The city has provided a wharf for public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of dredging 57,820 cubic yards of material with dipper dredge for restoration of project depth at the entrance channel at a cost of $34,122. Repairs to the outer end of the north pier, in progress at the close of the previous fiscal year, were completed at a cost of $644. Condition surveys cost $1,284 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $38. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $36,088 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 88 percent complete. The ywork remaining to be done consists of dredging a 10-foot width along each side of the lakeward portion of the entrance channel between the piers. This dredging was necessarily omitted to avoid removal of riprap along the entrance piers and thereby endangering them. The present width of chan- nel is considered adequate for present and reasonably prospective commerce. The south pier was completed in 1883 and is in gener- ally good condition. The north pier was completed in 1908. Dredg- ing of the entrance channel and inner basin to existing project depth was commenced in March 1937 and substantially completed in May 1937. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 18 feet in the channel between the piers and 14.6 feet in the inner basin. East and West Twin Rivers are navigable for about 3 and 7 miles, respectively, from the harbor piers for craft drawing not more than 4 feet. The costs under the existing project were $74,722 for new work and $779,787 for maintenance, a total of $854,509. 1074 REPORT: OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated--------........ .-----...----------------------------------------------- $287,579 Cost --------------------------------------.----------- ---------- -287,579 Maintenance: Appropriated-----....... $27, 500 $55, 500 $4,800 $77,000 $38, 200 812,712 Cost.. .. ----------- 26,610 55,537 5, 590 79, 401 35, 895 812, 712 1 Includes $212,857 for new work and $33,113 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $36,088 less pending adjustment of $189; and stock on.hand June 30, 1953 included in fiscal year 1954 costs in the amount of $6. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project-____ -- ______ __- ___ _ $14,300 10. MANITOWOC HARBOR, WIS. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 79 miles northerly from Milwaukee and about 106 miles from Green Bay via Sturgeon Bay Canal. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 735.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted in 1854, the first appropriation for the improvement having been made by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852. The project was modified by subsequent River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, June 3, 1896, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1937 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1453 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin formed by two breakwaters extending from the shore on either side of the mouth of the Manitowoc River 425 feet apart at their outer ends and diverging to a distance of about 2,325 feet apart at their inner ends, having lengths of 2,540 feet and 2,290 feet for the north and south breakwaters, respectively; for a chan- nel 21 feet deep, extending from that depth in the lake through the outer harbor to the mouth of the river, a total length of about 2,500 feet, with a width of about 650 feet; for a channel 21 feet deep in Manitowoc River from the river mouth to the second rail- way bridge, a distance of approximately 1.7 miles, with widths of 180 feet at the mouth, reducing to 150 feet at the upper end, with intermediate reductions and enlargements; for removal of old north stub pier at the river entrance; and for dredging in the outer harbor an approach channel 21 feet deep to a proposed city termi- nal on the lake front south of the shore end of the south break- water. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructures. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctu- ations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1075 The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $729,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 Breakwaters---........_----.............--------------..... H. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., as modified by Rivers and Har- bors Committee Doc. 3, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of channel through outer Rivers and Harbors Committee basin, removal of old north stub pier, and approach Doc. 39, 73d Cong., 2d sess. channel to a proposed city terminal south of shore end of the south breakwater. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel in the river-...____--- __---------------- .. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 80, 74th Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the work of dredging an approach channel to the proposed city terminal in the outer harbor "shall not be undertaken until local interests shall have submitted assurances satisfactory to the Sec- retary of War that such terminal will be constructed." The plan for the municipal terminal has been abandoned. All other re- quirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 3 car-ferry slips, 2 grain eleva- tors, 2 shipbuilding yards, and several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, cement, and miscellaneous commodities. While these facilities are considered fairly adequate for existing commerce, it is believed the city should provide a suitable wharf with warehouse and railway connection, which should be open to the general public. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of dredging 28,090 cubic yards of material with dipper dredge for restoration of project depths in entrance and river channels at a cost of $13,653. Repairs to outer 148 feet of south breakwater cost $14,275. Refilling and riprapping the south breakwater with 2,007 tons of stone cost $14,332. Condition surveys cost $2,018 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $460. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $44,738 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 87 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of dredg- ing the approach channel in the outer harbor, which is not now desired by local interests. The breakwaters completed in 1910 are in generally good condition, except for some minor repairs required. The dredging of the channel through the outer basin to existing project depth, and the removal of a portion of the old north stub pier at the river entrance were commenced in May 1937 and com- pleted in December 1937. Dredging of the river channel was com- menced in June 1939 and completed in July 1942. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet in the channel through the outer basin and in the river to the second railway bridge. The costsunder the existing project were 1076 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 $436,752 for new work and $838,097 for maintenance, a total of $1,274,849. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated --------------------------------- $836, 878 Cost---------------- ----- ----------------------------------------------- 836,878 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... $35, 000 $60,000 $11, 500 $19, 750 $31, 400 894,640 Cost----------.... --- 30,492 61, 783 17,412 3,017 s 40, 576 888,223 I Includes $400,126 for new work and $54,288 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $44,738 less pending adjustment of $4,162. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project___ __--_ $292,300 11. SHEBOYGAN HARBOR, WIS. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 26 miles south from Manitowoc and about 55 miles north of Milwaukee. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 735.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1866, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1873, March 3, 1881, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1937 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1456 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer harbor or stilling basin formed by a breakwater extending from the shore about 2,100 feet north of the remaining 456 feet of the pier and revetment on the north side of the channel at the mouth of the Sheboygan River for a total length of 3,829 feet, and a south pier 2,750 feet long extending into the lake about normal to the shore on the south side of the mouth of the river, and for a turning basin 900 feet wide and 20 feet deep in the outer harbor with an entrance channel about 3,500 feet long through the south side of the basin, the depth being 25 feet from the lakeward end to a point 500 feet shore- ward of the end of the north breakwater, decreasing to 21 feet in the next 300 feet and continuing at the latter depth to the inner end of the improved channel, the widths to be 400 feet at the lakeward end and 500 feet through the turning basin, decreasing to 200 feet at the river mouth. The north breakwater is formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all of which is capped with concrete superstructure. The south pier and north stub pier and revetment are formed of timber cribs and piling, all of which have also been provided with concrete super- structure. - The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1077 of about 1 /2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of new work for the completed project was $446,771, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 North breakwater __.__.-- ____--- . __._ _-_---... .. H. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Preserving south pier as part of project, providing H. Doc. 475, 68th Cong., 2d sess. turning basin, and elimination of proposed south breakwater. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of channel__-....__ ... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 47, 74th Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest published map.) Recommended modifications of project. The Chief of Engi- neers in House Document 554, 82d Congress, 2d session, before Congress, recommends modifications of the existing project to provide for a width of 450 feet at the lakeward end of the en- trance channel, extension of the 25-foot channel to a point 700 feet shoreward of the outer end of the north breakwater, depths de- creasing from 25 to 21 feet in a farther shoreward distance of 300 feet, extension of the 21-foot project channel upstream to the south side of Maryland Avenue with a general width of about 165 feet and maximum width of 370 feet, and a channel 15 feet deep with general width of 100 feet, extending from the south side of Mary- land Avenue to the north side of Jefferson Avenue, with no dredg- ing to be done by the Federal Government within 25 feet of any wharf or bulkhead. The estimated cost of this modification as contained in the document is $199,100. The latest (1954) estimate is $217,200. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. These consist of several wharves used for handling coal, building material, fish, and miscellaneous commodi- ties. The city has provided a public warf. The facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of riprapping the north breakwater with 3,361 tons of stone at a cost of $23,054 and filling south pier with 1,488 tons of stone at a cost of $6,093. Condition surveys cost $1,231 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $293. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $30,671 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. The south pier was completed in 1904. Construc- tion of the north breakwater was commenced in October 1913 and, completed in October 1915. Dredging of the turning basin was commenced in October 1928 and completed in September 1931. Dredging of the entrance channel to existing project depth was commenced in June 1938 and completed in July 1938. The piers 1078 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 and breakwaters are in generally good condition except that the concrete superstructure on the north shore connection is disin- tegrating and requires repairs. The inner 260 feet of the south pier has been replaced with a revetment by private interests under permit granted July 16, 1931, by the Secretary of War. The pier is therefore maintained only for a length of about 2,490 feet. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet at the entrance for 500 feet, thence 21 feet in channel, and 19.1 feet in turning basin. Sheboygan River is navigable for a distance of about 2.4 miles above its mouth for craft drawing not more than 2 feet. The costs under the existing project were $446,771 for new work and $799,262 for maintenance, a total of $1,246,033. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated ---- - - ----------------------------- -- - - $934,588 Cost-------- ------------------------------------------------ ------------ 934,588 Maintenance: Appropriated ....- - - - 24, 000 $29, 000 $24, 500 $18,450 $28, 750 886,404 Cost------------ ----- 23,275 36,119 19,484 15,592 230, 670 886, 392 I Includes $487,817 for new work and $87,131 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $30,671, less pending adjustment of $1. 12. PORT WASHINGTON HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 53 miles south from Manitowoc and about 29 miles north from Milwaukee. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and was modified by the River and Harbor Act of August 14, 1876. For further details, see page 1938 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1459 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater and shore connection approximately 2,537 feet long, extending from the shore about 1,350 feet north of the remaining 125 feet of the old north pier; removal of 650 feet of the north pier; for extending a privately owned south breakwater about 456 feet into the lake to form an entrance about 350 feet in width, and for an outer turning basin 750 feet wide and 21 feet deep with an entrance channel about 2,400 feet long and 21 feet deep through the south side of the basin, the width being 110 feet at the inner end of the north pier and about 275 feet at the harbor entrance, leading to two interiors basins 18 feet deep, the west basin being 140 feet wide and 490 feet long and the north basin 190 feet wide and 750 feet long. The north breakwater is formed of concrete caissons and the shore connection of interlocking steel-sheet piling of the cellular and single-wall type. The south breakwater is formed of concrete caissons and rubble mound. The north stub pier is formed of stone-filled steel-sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1079 Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $810,709, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The lat- est (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $14,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 North pier and south basin 1......_ . H. Ex. Doc. 28, 41st Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1870, p. 119. Aug. 14, 1876 North basin 1-.... ,..---- .---- -.. Annual Report, 1876, pt. 2, p. 379. Aug. 30, 1935 2 North Breakwater, removal of 650 feet of north pier, H. Doe. 168, 72d Cong., 1st sess., outer turning basin, present project dimensions and Rivers and Harbors Com- of channel and basin and extension of south break- mittee 3 Doc. 41, 74th Cong., 1st water. sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Work recommended in H. Doc. 168, 72d Cong., 1st sess., included in Public Works Administration pro- gram, Sept. 6, 1933. 3 Contains latest published map. Recommended modification of project. The Chief of Engineers in House Document 446, 83rd Congress, 2d session recommends, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation, modifications of the existing project to provide for extending the lakeward end of existing north breakwater 1,280 feet, increasing the top elevation of the north caisson breakwater to 10 feet above low water datum and placing rubble on its lakeward and harbor sides; removing about 392 feet of caissons and 64 feet of rubble mound in the existing south breakwater to a depth of 24 feet below low water datum; enlarging the outer basin by deepening an additional 150 feet landward of existing basin to 21 feet below low water datum; and relocating channel lines to correspond with the im- provements. The estimated first cost for this modification as con- tained in the document is $2,515,000, with an increase in annual maintenance of $2,000. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two coal and building-material wharves and several fishing wharves. The city has provided a wharf which is open to public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of dredging 23,150 cubic yards of material at a cost of $13,779. Condition surveys cost $1,397 and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $336. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $15,512 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1936. Construction of the north breakwater and the re- moval of the outer portion of the north pier were commenced in April 1934 and completed in December 1934. Dredging of the en- 1080 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 trance channel, outer turning basin, and the interior basins to ex- isting project depth, was commenced in July 1934 and completed in December 1934. Construction of the south breakwater was com- menced in July 1936 and completed in October 1936. The break- waters and the north stub pier are in good condition. The original south pier, completed in 1893, was entirely removed in 1932 by private interests under permit granted October 25, 1930, by. the Secretary of War and replaced with a coal wharf. A south rubble- mound breakwater about 500 feet long was constructed in 1934 by private interests as an extension of their coal wharf in accord- ance with local cooperation requirements of House Document No. 168, 72d Congress, 1st session. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 19 feet in the Govern- ment entrance channel and turning basin. The interior basins had a controlling depth of 16.0 feet. The area between the south line of the Government entrance channel and the harbor face of the private coal wharf, which is maintained by private interests, had a controlling depth of 19.5 feet. The costs under the existing pro- ject were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ...-------------------------------- $207, 714 $245,907 $453, 621 Public works funds- _ _ __ 602, 995 ------------- 602,995 Total ...-------.....-----.. --------------------- 810,709 245,907 1,056,616 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: - Appropriated .. $999, 204 Cost - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - 999,204 Maintenance: Appropriated.. - -- $8, 500 $7, 500 $14, 000 $1,000 $20, 850 267,141 Cost----------------- 7, 454 7, 276 14,258 359 219,782 265,300 1 Includes $188,495 for new work and $15,123 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $15,512, plus pending adjustment of $4,270. 13. MILWAUKEE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 85 miles northerly from Chicago and about 83 miles west of Grand Haven, Mich. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 743.) Previous projects. The original project for improvement of Milwaukee Harbor was adopted by act of March 3, 1843, and modi- fied by River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, April 10, 1869, and March 3, 1899. The original project of the harbor of refuge was adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. The pro- ject of June 13, 1902, consolidating the harbor and harbor of refuge was modified by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905. For further details, see page 1938 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1462 of Annual Report for 1938. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1081 Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater 9,954 feet long and a south breakwater of 9,671 feet, more or less, in length, extending to the shore, thereby forming a protected basin in which is being developed a commercial harbor by the city of Milwaukee, the width of entrance between the 2 breakwaters being about 500 feet. It further provides for the protection of the river mouth by 2 piers, 358 feet apart at the outer ends and 552 feet apart at the shore line, 1,656 and 1,608 feet in length for the north and south piers, respectively; for a channel 21 feet deep, extend- ing from that depth in the lake to the mouth of the river, a total length of about 2,850 feet, the width of channel outside the piers to be 600 feet; for dredging channels 21 feet deep in the rivers from the inner ends of the entrance piers to the North Humboldt Avenue Bridge on the Milwaukee River, to a point 100 feet west of the west line of North 25th Street extended, on the Menomonee River and to the South Kinnickinnic Avenue Bridge on the Kin- nickinnic River; for dredging to 21 feet a portion of the outer harbor between East Wisconsin Avenue extended and East Bay Street extended and easterly of a line 50 feet lakeward of the pier head line; and the abandonment of so much of the previous project as related to dredging inside the shore line for the formation of turning basins and widening channels. The breakwaters are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and concrete caissons, all of which are capped with concrete superstructures. The inner en- trance piers are formed of concrete caissons, stone-filled timber cribs, and piling and are also provided with concrete superstruc- tures. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctu- ations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $4,939,000, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $113,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1852 North pier -. ___ _ .______________________________. S. Doc. 175, 25th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1881 Inner 7,600 feet of north breakwater -................ Annual Report, 1881, p. 2122. Mar. 2, 1907 South pier. Extending north breakwater 1,000 feet__ Annual Report, 1906, p. 1752. (No prior survey or estimate affecting the breakwater extension.) Sept. 22, 1922 Extending north breakwater, for a south breakwater, H. Doc. 804, 66th Cong., 2d sess. for present project dimensions of the inner entrance channel. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging a portion of the outer harbor to 21-foot depth H. Doc. 289, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2. 1945 Dredging river channels to 21-foot depth-----------............. S. Doc. 29, 76th Cong., 1st -ess.' I Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the original dredging of the outer harbor area be done by the city 1082 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMVY, 1954 of Milwaukee and the city of Milwaukee be reimbursed at actual cost but not to exceed 10 cents per cubic yard, place measurement, for original dredging done subsequent to the authorization of the work by Congress. Agreement covering the dredging was executed by the Secretary of War February 23, 1934, after this work was originally authorized as part of the Public Works program. All other requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 4 car-ferry slips, numerous wharves, private and municipal, used for the handling of coal, grain, building materials, cement, petroleum products, and mis- cellaneous commodities. As the facilities in the inner harbor are considered inadequate for existing commerce, the Milwaukee Har- bor Commission is engaged in building an outer harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $2,139, and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $2,195. Reconstruction of 1025.5 linear feet of south pier was completed at a cost of $134,715. Riprapping breakwaters with 7,855 tons of stone cost $57,065. Preparation of plans and specifications for reconstruction of 800 feet of north breakwater cost $2,014. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant, except for the reconstruction of 1025.5 linear feet of the south pier. The total cost was $198,128 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modifications of August 30, 1935, and March 2, 1945, was com- pleted in 1934. No work has been done on deepening the outer harbor area to 21 feet north of the inner entrance piers, nor on the last modification of the project providing for dredging the river channels to 21 feet deep. The north breakwater was completed for a length of 8,210 feet in 1909. Construction of 1,744 feet in ex- tension of the north breakwater was commenced in May 1924 and completed in August 1925, making the total length 9,954 feet. The north pier was completed in 1905 and construction of the south pier was commenced in April 1909 and completed in November 1910. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection was commenced in May 1925 and completed in October 1929, except for placing additional riprap and rebuilding about 756 feet of the breakwater damaged by a storm of October 22-23, 1929. Rebuild- ing the damaged section of the south breakwater and placing of additional riprap was commenced in April 1931 and completed in August 1932. Dredging for deepening and widening the entrance channel to existing project depth and width, was commenced in May 1929 and completed in September 1930. Placing additional small stone around the caisson breakwaters to chink the voids in the large riprap was commenced in 1930 and completed in 1934. Prior to the modification of August 30, 1935, the city of Milwaukee dredged the area in the outer harbor south of the inner-entrance piers and lakeward of the pierhead line to more than 21 feet below datum without cost to the United States. The concrete superstructures and the timber crib section of the north breakwater and the harbor piers are showing some distinte- gration and require repairs, The south breakwater and shore con- nections are in generally good condition. The controlling depth at RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1083 low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet and more in the entrance channel through the outer basin and between the inner piers, 24 feet in the Milwaukee River to Water Street Bridge, 18.5 feet to Juneau Avenue Bridge and 18 feet to end of project; 22 feet in Kinnickinnic River to 200 feet upstream of car ferry slip, 19.5 feet to Kinnickinnic Avenue Bridge and 21 feet in the Menomonee River to the 16th Street Bridge, thence 19.9 feet to Northwestern-Hanna dock, thence 17 feet to 13 feet to upper end of project. The costs under the existing project were $4,537,- 812 for new work, $1,880,913 for maintenance, a total of $6,418,725. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated_ _----------------------------------------------------------- $5,831,032 Cost..... --- - - - - .....- ------------ -- -- - 5,831,032 Maintenance: Appropriated-_ _..-..- . $168, 500 $63,000 $41,500 $303,900 $ 78,150 2, 352, 776 Cost--------__ -- 263,118 66,305 39,108 170, 782 2 198, 706 2,340, 796 SIncludes $1,293,220 for new work and $459,305 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $198,128, plus pending adjustment of $578. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project _____________ 401,200 $___________ 14. RACINE HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 26 miles southerly from Milwaukee and about 64 miles northerly from Chicago. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 745.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the citizens of Racine about 1842 or 1843. The citizens' project was modified by acts of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1939 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1465 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a north breakwater 2,640 feet long extending from shore at a point about 1,350 feet north of the remaining 180 feet of pier on the north side of the channel at the mouth of Root River, and for a south breakwater 2,652 feet long extending from the city rubble mound about 1,650 feet south of the remaining 22.5 feet of pier on the south side of the channel at the mouth of the river. It further provides for a channel, through the outer basin, 23 feet deep from that depth in the lake to a point about 400 feet inside the entrance, thence 21 feet to a point about 750 feet westward of the outer end of the north stub pier, with widths of 350 feet at the entrance, increasing to 1,000 feet through the outer harbor and decreasing to 190 feet in the river to a point about 750 feet westward of the outer end of the north stub pier, the total length of channel being about 2,300 feet; thence a chan- nel 19 feet deep in Root River to a point about 195 feet below the north line of Bridge Street extended, a distance of about 2,900 feet, with widths of 190 feet at the lower end reducing to 95 feet at the upper end, with intermediate reductions and enlargements; and 1084 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 removal of shoals about one-half mile lakeward of the harbor en- trance to a minimum depth of 25 feet. The breakwaters and south stub pier are formed of stone-filled timber cribs, concrete caissons, and piling, all being capped with concrete superstructures. The north stub pier is formed of stone-filled steel-sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for project as completed was $777,775, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects and exclu- sive of inner 300 linear feet of pile pier and 450 linear feet of rubble mound, originally part of south breakwater but no longer consid- ered necessary. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $41,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1907 \Breakwat fH. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., Ist sess., June 25, 1910 /Breakwaters.-----------... .and - --- - ... -- 1 Annual Report, 1909, p. 1973. Aug. 26, 1937 Removal of shoals lakeward of harbor entrance, en- Rivers and Harbors Committee, largement of 19-foot channel through outer basin Doec. 46, 76th Cong., 1st sess. and 19-foot channel in river. Mar. 2, 1945 Present project dimensions of channel through outer H. Doec. 816, 77th Cong., 2d sess., basin and in river, and H. Doc. 255, 78th Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest published maps.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of several wharves used for handling of coal and fish. The city has provided a public wharf with warehouse. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,924 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $142. Breakwaters were riprapped with 998 tons of stone at a cost of $5,081. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $7,147 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was sub- stantially completed in 1946. Construction of the north break- water and shore connection was completed in November 1918. Re- moval of the old north pier was completed in 1913. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection and the removal of the old south pier were commenced in June 1916 and completed in December 1924. Removal of the outer shoals widening and deepen- ing the channel through the outer basin to existing project depth and width, and dredging of the river channel were commenced in July 1946 and completed in November 1946. The concrete super- structure on north breakwater and shore connection is disintegrat- ing and requires repairs. The south breakwater and shore connec- tion and stub piers are in generally good condition. The controlling RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1085 depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 21 feet in the channel through the outer basin and for a distance of about 600 feet in the river, thence 17.5 feet to 100 feet downstream from State Street Bridge and 15.9 feet to upper limits of project. The costs under the existing project were $777,775 for new work and $660,454 for maintenance, a total of $1,438,229. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated . ...... _ ---------...... .. $1,205,016 Cost ----- ___------------ --.-----------. 1,205,015 Maintenance: Appropriated- - $56,500 $103,500 $8,000 $18,500 $8,200 740,486 Cost--------------- 40, 614 120, 551 9,281 19,191 27,172 740, 016 1Includes $427,240 for new work and $79,537 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $7,147 plus pending adjustment of $25. 15. KENOSHA HARBOR, WIS. Location. On the west shore of Lake Michigan distant about 35 miles southerly from Milwaukee and about 54 miles northerly from Chicago. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, September 19, 1890, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1939 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1468 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a detached breakwater 796 feet long, and for 2 parallel piers about 250 feet apart, 1,077 feet and 1,872 feet in length for the north and south piers, respec- tively. It further provides for an entrance channel 200 feet wide and 21 feet deep, from that depth in the lake a distance of 2,750 feet to an interior basin 21 feet deep; and for a channel 21 feet deep and generally 70 feet wide, extending 475 feet northwesterly from the northwest corner of the interior basin to within 35 feet of the 50th Street Bridge. The breakwater is formed of stone-filled tim- ber cribs; the piers are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and pil- ing. The entire north pier, 1,175 feet of the south pier, and the entire breakwater are capped with concrete superstructure. The inner 697 feet of the south pier has been provided with a steel sheet pile face. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $76,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and excluding $3,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $24,000. 1086 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Parallel piers and 600 feet of breakwater t -------- --- H. Doc. 328, 54th Cong., 2d sess.; Annual Report, 1897, p. 2772; H. Doc. 164, 55th Cong., 3d sess., Annual Report, 1899, p. 2817. Mar. 2, 1907 Extending breakwater 200 feet _ - H. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st sess., and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 3, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19352 Present project dimensions of entrance channel and Rivers and Harbors Committee basin. Doc. 19, 74th Cong., 1st sess. 3 May 17, 1950 Channel northwesterly from basin--- H. Doc. 750, 80th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2Included in the Emergency Relief program May 28, 1935. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of May 17, 1950, provided that local interests shall furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secre- tary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the initial construction and fu- ture maintenance dredging operations, and contribute $3,000 to- ward the cost of the improvement. Local interests were notified on July 19, 1950, of the required conditions and requested to furnish assurances that they will be met. Terminal facilities. There are several wharves used for han- dling coal, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities, and also several fishing wharves. While these facilties are considered generally adequate for existing commerce, more efficient use of ex- isting terminals and utlization of available frontage for develop- ment of additional terminals should be made. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,607 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $100. The piers were riprapped with 924 tons of stone at a cost of $7,239. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $8,946 for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of May 17, 1950, was completed in 1936. No work has been done on the last modification of the project providing for channel northwesterly from the basin. The north pier completed in 1895, the south pier in 1900, and the breakwater in 1909, are in generally good condition. Dredging of the entrance channel and interior basin to existing project depth, was commenced in October 1935 and completed in April 1936. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet in the en- trance channel and the inner basin and 16.8 feet in the inner chan- nel. The costs under the existing project were as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular funds ______________________________ _ $40, 553 $601, 401 $641, 954 Emergency Relief funds _____________ _________________ 27, 658 27, 658 Total_- _ -- -. 68, 211 601,401 669, 612 RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE; WIS., DISTRICT 1087 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- Sing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated----------------........ Cost -- ------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------- $522,051 522,051 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $21, 500 $292 $1, 500 $29, 400 $9, 450 623, 733 Cost...----------------- 19,691 .......------------.. 2,060 29,481 8,946 623,219 I Includes $453,839 for new work and $21,818 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _- - ------- --- $7,800 16. ST. JOSEPH HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 60 miles easterly from Chicago and about 24 miles southerly from South Haven. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 758). Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 4, 1836, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1875, June 14, 1880, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1945 of Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 1470 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of the St. Joseph River by 2 piers, 250 to 325 feet apart at their inner and outer ends, respectively, having lengths of 2,854 feet on the north side and 2,603 feet on the south side. It further provides for a channel 21 feet deep from Lake Michigan to the mouth of the Benton Harbor Canal, a length of about 6,900 feet, with widths of 265 feet at the outer end of the piers, 190 feet at the inner end of the piers and revetments, thence generally 215 feet to the lower end of the turning basin, increasing to 250 feet above the turning basin to the mouth of the Paw Paw River, thence generally 110 feet in the Paw Paw River to the mouth of the Benton Harbor Canal; for dredging the channel in the Benton Harbor Canal up to the west line of Ninth Street, a length of about 2,800 feet, to a depth of 18 feet and width of 80 feet; for dredging a turning basin 18 feet deep on the north side of channel above the mouth of the Mor- rison Channel; and that the turning basin near the mouth of the Paw Paw River be eliminated from the project. The piers and revetments are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, capped with concrete superstructure. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $472,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $46,000. Sis 35--1087-1118 1088 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1875 Interior revetment I1.... __.. ___________________ __... H. Ex. Doc. 160, 43d Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1875, pt. I, p. 263. June 14, 1880 Benton Harbor Canal 1- - - ___ -___ - _ __- _ _.Annual - . Report, 1880, pp. 2030, 2031, and 2049-2055. Mar. 3, 1899 For present project dimensions of the piers and for a H. Doc. 307, 55th Cong., 2d sess., turning basin. and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2496. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the channel and turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing basin, near mouth of Paw Paw River. Doc. 52, 74th Cong., 1st sess. June 2, 19372 Abandonment of the easterly 1,000 feet of the canal above the west line of 9th St. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin above mouth of Morrison Channel H. Doc. 129, 76th Cong., 1st sess. and elimination of turning basin near mouth of Paw Paw River. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Public 130, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 3 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and right-of-way and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance as required and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the dredging of the turning basin just above the mouth of Morrison Channel. Assurances of local cooperation were furnished by the city of St. Joseph and were approved by the Chief of Engi- neers on January 22, 1951. All prior requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are several wharves used for han- dling coal, building materials, petroleum products, and miscellan- eous commodities and one shipbulding yard. A package-freight terminal is also available for use. While these facilties are gener- ally adequate for existing traffic conditions, a public wharf open for all on equal terms should be provided. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,752, and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $676. Repair to 108 linear feet of north pier, in prog- ress at the close of the previous fiscal year, was completed at a cost of $14,634. Dredging 95,994 cubic yards of material, by hop- per dredge for restoration of project depth in entrance channel and 20,095 cubic yards by dipper dredge for restoration of project depth in river channel, were accomplished at a cost of $28,069 and $14,661, respectively. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $59,792 for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project in effect prior to the modification of March 2, 1945 was completed in 1938. No work has been done on the last modification of the project providing for a turning basin just above the mouth of the Morrison Channel. The piers and revetments completed in 1904 are in generally good condition except that a portion of the north revetment and pier requires repairs. Dredging of the channel to existing project depth was commenced in August 1938 and completed in October RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1089 1938. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 24 feet in the entrance channel; thence 21 feet in the channel between the piers to Benton Harbor Canal and 17.3 feet in Benton Harbor Canal decreasing to 14.7 feet at Ninth Street. The costs under the existing project were $366,683 for new work and $1,251,119 for maintenance, a total of $1,617,802. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated...------------------------- ------------------------ $ 869,769 ---------- Cost------- -------------------- -- ---------------------- ---------- 869,769 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- ... $59,000 $30,000 $111,500 $63,000 $62,000 1,251,261 Cost----------------- 59,792 30,204 90,828 85,649 2 58,147 1,251,243 1Includes $503,113 for new work for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $59,792, plus pending adjustment of $24; and less stock on hand June 30, 1953 included in 1954 cost, in amount of $1,669. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project $_________________ 105,300 17. SOUTH HAVEN HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 77 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 24 miles northerly from St. Joseph. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 76.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, August 2, 1882, and August 11, 1888. (For further details, see p. 1947 of Annual Report for 1915, and p. 1473 of Annual Report for 1938.) Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of Black River by two piers and revetments, 190 to 166 feet apart, with lengths of 2,143 feet and 2,182 feet for the north and south sides, respectively; for an entrance channel 21 feet deep to the shore line; thence a channel 19 feet deep and 130 feet wide, ex- tending up the river to a turning basin 375 feet wide and 19 feet deep, located immediately below the Dyckman Avenue Bridge. The length of entrance channel to the inner end of the piers is about 2,700 feet and in the river to the bridge 2,400 feet. The piers and revetments are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and piling and are capped with concrete. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost of new work (1954) is $316,000, exclusive of the amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $35,000. 1090 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River ~ad Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 Channel from inner end of piers to highway bridge .. No. prior survey or estimate. Mar. 3, 1905 Present dimension of piers and for a turning basin.__ H. Doc. 119, 58th Cong., 2d seas. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of channel and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee basin. Doc. 9, 73d Cong., 1st sess.,' and unpublished review report of Chief of Engineers, dated Dec. 21, 1934. 1Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, provided "that no expense shall be incurred by the United States for acquiring of any lands required for the purpose of this improvement." Accord- ing to latest information, no land will be required, as enlargement of the basin is not desired by local interests. All prior require- ments have been complied with. Terminal facilities. These consist of several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, wood pulp, fish, and miscellane- ous commodities. The city has constructed a municipal wharf and warehouse. The municipal wharf is leased to a private corpora- tion which operates it in the interest of general commerce on like terms for like service. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $929, and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $68. The north pier was riprapped with 872 tons of stone at a cost of $3,970. Dredging 63,130 cubic yards of material with dipper dredge for restoration of project depth cost $34,585. Completion of maintenance dredging with hopper dredge, in prog- ress at the close of the previous fiscal year, cost $295. All Work was done by hired labor and use of government plant. The total cost was $39,847 for mainteance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 87 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of en- largement of the turning basin, which is not now desired by local interests. The present width of the turning basin is 260 feet. The piers and revetments completed in 1913 are in generally good con- dition, except that a portion of the north pier requires repairs. Dredging of the channel and existing turning basin to existing project depth, was commenced in May 1938, and completed in June 1938. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 21 feet in the entrance channel and 19 feet in the channel between the piers and in the turning basin. The costs under the existing project were $204,047 for new work and $944,- 640 for maintenance, a total of $1,148,687. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1091 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June - 30, 1954, inolud- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 { 1953 1 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated $ 391,280 Cost -391 280 Maintenance: Appropriated $140, 500 $42, 629 $1, 500 $29,200 $37,700 1,073,782 Cost ........... 123, 902 65,061 1,368i 29,240 2 37,749 1,073,782 1 Includes $187,233 for new work and $131,239 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $39,847, less pending adjustment of $2,098. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project-- ___ __ _--- ------- $112,000 18. SAUGATUCK HARBOR AND KALAMAZOO RIVER, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 90 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 22 miles northerly from South Haven. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 76.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1868, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870. For further details, see page 1947 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1475 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel be- tween parallel piers, 200 feet apart, having lengths of 2,778 and 2,514 feet for the north and south piers, respectively, and for a channel 16 feet deep and 100 feet wide, extending from that depth in Lake Michigan to the mouth of the river, thence 14 feet deep, 90 feet wide, in the Kalamazoo River up to Saugatuck, a distance of 9,000 feet. The piers are formed of stone-filled timber cribs, and piling and are capped with concrete except for the inner 276 feet of the north revetment. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $274,295 exclusive of the amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $22,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized 1 Documents June 3, 1896 Entrance channel, piers, and revetments IH: Doc. 192, 54th Cong., 1st sess., Annual Report, 1896, vol. 2, pt. 1 5,p. 2739. Mar 2 1907 Deepening entrance to 16 feet---------------- Annual Report, 1907, p. 646. June 25, 1910 Deepening channel in river to 14 feet ...- . H. Doc. 63,; 61st Cong., 2d sess. The latest published map is in H. Doc. 608, 64th Cong., Istsess. 1092 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Recommended modifications of project. Legislation authoriz- ing the abandonment of the project has been recommended in House Document No. 292, 65th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. At the village of Saugatuck there are sev- eral landing places for small vessels and one for commercial ves- sels. At the village of Douglas there is a landing pier. The termi- nal facilities are available for general use and are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $351, and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $78. The total cost was $429 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1911. Pier construction and dredging between the piers was completed in 1908; dredging in the river was completed in 1911. The piers and revetments are in generally good condition except that a portion of the south revetment has failed and should be rebuilt. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 13 feet in the channel between the piers and 9.7 feet in the river to Saugatuck. The costs under the existing project were $274,295 for the new work and $606,939 for mainte- nance, a total of $881,234. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated- -. $364,527 Cost --- --- - -364,527 Maintenance: Appropriated_-_ --- $28, 500 $6, 500 _!........... $1,000 $1,350 725, 276 Cost ...----------------- 30,082 5,169 _ .... _ 1, 137 2430 724,494 1 Includes $90,232 for new work and $117,554 for maintenance for previous proicets. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $429, plus pending adjustment of $1. 19. HOLLAND HARBOR, MICH. Location. Located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 95 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 23 miles southerly from Grand Haven. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 763.) Previous project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, March 3, 1873, March 3, 1879, July 5, 1884, and July 13, 1892. For further details see page 1948 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1478 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the outlet of the channel from Lake Macatawa (formerly Black Lake) by two con- verging breakwaters having lengths of 752 and 801 feet for the north and south breakwaters, respectively, and with widths be- tween them of 300 feet at the outer end and 740 feet at the inner end; for inner piers and revetments along the channel from Lake RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1093 Macatawa about 180 feet apart, with lengths of 1,755 and 1,639 feet for the north and south piers, respectively; and for dredging a channel 23 feet deep from that depth in Lake Michigan to a point 400 feet inside the entrance between the breakwaters, thence de- creasing to 21 feet at the outer end of the inner piers, thence 21 feet between the inner piers and through Lake Macatawa to the turning basin at Holland; for widening the turning basin to 600 feet, 21 feet deep within the channel limits and 18 feet deep outside the channel limits, the width of channel being 300 feet through the outer harbor, thence reducing from 140 feet to 110 feet between the inner piers and revetments, thence increasing to 150 feet in the channel in Lake Macatawa to the turning basin, the length of the dredged channel, including that in the westerly end of Lake Macatawa, being about 1 mile, and that in the easterly end of Lake Macatawa, including the turning basin, being about 3 miles, the total distance from the outer end of the channel to the wharves at Holland being 5.5 miles. The breakwaters, piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1 1/ feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of new work for the completed project was $452,402, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30, 1852 Artificial channel between Lake Macatawa and Lake S. Ex. Doc. 42, 35th Cong., 1st sess., Michigan.' p. 84. Mar. 2, 1867 Piers and revetments -: Annual Report, 1866, p. 106 Mar. 3, 1899 Extending inner piers__ H. Doc. 272, 54th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1897, p. 2950. Mar. 3, 1905 Converging breakwaters - -Annual Report, 1905, p. 2176. July 3, 1930 Channel to Holland and a turning basin at Holland__ H. Doc. 588, 69th Cong. 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present projectdimensions of channels and turning Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 basin. Doc. 48, 74th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Recommended modification of project. The Chief of Engineers in House Document 282, 83d Congress, 2d session, recommends, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation, modifications of existing project to provide for (1) widening the bend in the revetted entrance channel into Lake Macatawa from 130 to 235 feet abreast the angle in the existing north revetment, by the construc- tion of 1,020 feet of new revetment along the south side of the widened channel and the removal of the old revetment and land channelward of the new structure to a depth of 21 feet; and (2) 1094 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 dredging a chanel in Black River 21 feet deep and 110 feet wide extending 2,600 feet upstream from the existing turning basin with suitable widening in the vicinity of its junction with the turn- ing basin, and for widening the turning basin from 600 to 750 feet at a depth of 18 feet and extending it upstream to join the new river channel. The total estimated first cost as contained in the document is $560,600 with an increase in the estimated cost of annual maintenance of $5,700. The latest (1954) estimate of first cost for this modification is $574,400. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. The wharves are located at the city of Hol- land, at the inner end of Lake Macatawa, and are used for han- dling coal, building materials, petroleum products, and miscel- laneous commodities. Two shipbuilding yards are located on the south shore of Lake Macatawa. The city of Holland has provided a public wharf for small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $6,013 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $597. Preliminary planning for future reconstruc- tion of 493 lineal feet of north pier and revetment cost $21. Dredging 50,941 cubic feet of material, with hopper dredge, was accomplished at a cost of $16,895. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $23,526 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. The breakwaters, piers, and revetments completed in 1910 are in generally good condition except that portions of the north pier and revetment require repairs. Dredging of the en- trance channel to existing project depth, and the channel and turning basin in Lake Macatawa was commenced in May 1938, and completed in October 1938. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 21 feet in the channel to Lake Macatawa, 20 feet in the inner channel in Lake Macatawa to the wharves at Holland, and 18 feet in the turning basin. The costs under the existing project were $452,402 for new work and $920,606 for maintenance, a total of $1,373,008. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June Sing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: MAinteae--------------------- Appropriated. ...... ,022 ----------- ---------------------------------- $ 629,022 --..---------------..----. _ ...I .. ..... ... . .. .... .. .. .... Cost. ............ 629 022 Maintenance: Appropriated-----... $15, 000 $21, 000 $20, 000 $13,200 $23, 400 1,048,569 Cost----------------- 17,471 10, 456 21, 800 12, 626 123, 520 1,048,198 Includes $176,620 for new work and $127,598 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $23,526, less pending adjustment of $6. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1095 20. GRAND HAVEN HARBOR AND GRAND RIVER, MICH. Location. The harbor is located on the east shore of Lake Mich- igan, distant about 108 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 23 miles northerly from Holland. The river rises in Jack- son County, Mich., and flows in a general westerly direction into Lake Michigan, with a total length of about 260 miles. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 765, and U. S. Geological Survey Grand Rapids quadrangle.) Previous projects. The original project for the river was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. A new project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, and was modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1949 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1481 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for protecting the mouth of the river by piers and revetments, 415 feet apart at the entrance diminishing to 390 feet inside, about 3,569 and 5,549 feet in length for the north and south sides, respectively, and for a chan- nel 23 feet deep and generally 300 feet wide and 1,500 feet long from that depth in the lake to a point about 1,000 feet inside the pier ends; thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide and 11/4 miles long to the car-ferry slip, with an enlargement at the upper end; thence 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide and 11/4 miles long from the car-ferry slip to the Grand Trunk Railway bridge at Ferrys- burg; with a turning basin 18 feet deep on the south side of the channel just below that bridge; thence a channel 18 feet deep and generally 100 feet wide to deep water in Spring Lake, a distance of about 1,350 feet in the river and about 1,750 feet up the outlet from Spring Lake; and for a channel in Grand River 8 feet deep at low water datum, 100 feet wide and 14 miles long to Bass River, the total length of river channel being about 171/2 miles. The piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure. The estimate of cost of new work (1954) is $1,003,400, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimated for annual cost of maintenance is $103,000. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level in the harbor are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and ex- treme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and baro- metric pressure, of about 1 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. 1096 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 1866 June 14, 1880 iers andrevetments S. Ex. Doc. 42, 35th Cong., 1st sess., Sept. 19, 1890 a v t . . -ir.pp. 89, 91. July 13, 1892 July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions of the harbor channel to S. Doc. 88, 71st Cong., 2d sess.l Grand Trunk car-ferry slip and the river channel; eliminating all of that portion of Grand River above Bass River; consolidation of the projects for the harbor and river. Aug. 26, 1937 Channel to Spring Lake-_ ___ _______------ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Mar. 2, 1945 Present project dimensions of harbor channel from H. Doc. 661, 76th Cong., 3d sess. car-ferry slip to Grand Trunk Ry. bridge and the turning basin. 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In addition to a car-ferry slip, there are several wharves used for handling coal, building materials, pe- troleum products, fish, and miscellaneous commodities. The car- ferry slip is not in use at present. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce except that there should be a public wharf in Grand Haven for transfer between rail and water. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $6,722 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $1,281. Reconstruction of 652 lineal feet of south pier and 695 lineal feet of north pier, in progress at the close of the fiscal year, cost $176,016 and $120,405, respectively. Dredg- ing 122,910 cubic yards of material with hopper dredge, for restoration of project depth in entrance and river channel, and 27,895 cubic yards with bucket dredge, for restoration of project depth in turning basin on Grand River below Grand Trunk West- ern Railway bridge, was completed at costs of $38,243 and $24,- 430, respectively. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant except for the reconstruction of the south and north piers. The total cost was $367,097 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 98 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of a small amount of dredging on the northerly side of the inner chan- nel at the point of land 1,350 feet upstream from the inner end of the north revetment. This dredging cannot be done without re- vetting the bank or endangering private cottages. The present channel past this site, having at least width of 240 feet, is con- sidered adequate for present and reasonably prospective com- merce. The piers and revetments were completed in 1893 and are in fair condition except that portion of the old timber crib piers require repairs. Dredging of that portion of the channel between the car-ferry slip and the Grand Trunk Railway bridge to a width of 200 feet, was commenced in August 1930, and completed in October 1930, with advanced funds. Dredging of the river above the railway bridge to Bass River to existing project depth, was RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1097 commenced in April 1931 and completed in June 1931. Dredging the channel into Spring Lake was commenced in September 1938 and completed in November 1938. Widening of the channel between the car-ferry slip and the Grand Trunk Railway bridge to 300 feet and dredging the turning basin on the south side of the channel just below that bridge were commenced in October 1948 and completed in September 1949. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet at the entrance; thence 21 feet between the piers and in the river to the Grand Trunk Railway bridge, and 18 feet in the turning basin, and thence 8 feet to Bass River and 17 feet in the outlet from Spring Lake. The costs under the existing project were $964,851 for new work and $3,112,893 for maintenance, a total of $4,077,744. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: -$7, 874 ------------------------ Appropriated .....------ $1 276,180 Cost------------- - 114,206 1---,276,180 Maintenance: Appropriated----..... 134,000 $114, 200 $231, 500 $301, 200 $471,900 .3426, 966 Cost-- -------------- 92,937 144,109 186, 432 148,284 2366, 828 3,126, 408 lInicLdes $311,329 for new work and $13,427 for maintenance for previous projects. 2Operations and results during fiscal year $367,097, plus pending adjustment of $88; and less stock on hand previous fiscal year transferred from project, $357. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project___ ___ - - ---- $-_____-- $38,600 21. MUSKEGON HARBOR, MICH. :Location. This harbor is on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 114 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 80 miles easterly from Milwaukee. (See (U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 767.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of June 10, 1872, June 23, 1874, August 2, 1882, September 19, 1890, August 18, 1894, March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1950 of Annual Report for 1915; page 1399, Annual Report for 1924; and page 1484, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by 2 arrowhead breakwaters, the south 1,514 feet and the north 1,404 feet long, 500 feet apart at the outer ends diverging at an angle of about 90°, the inner ends connected with the shore by suitable structures, 1,660 feet and 1,561 feet long on the north and south sides, respectively; for the removal of 1,003 feet of the existing north pier and 1,106 feet of the existing south pier; for repairing and maintaining the revetment around the old car-ferry slip on the south side of the entrance channel; for dredging channel 380 feet wide at the entrance, thence increasing to 650 feet wide at a point about 300 feet inside the entrance, thence decreasing toward the new pierheads to 500 feet wide and 1098 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 240 feet wide between the piers, with depths varying from 24 feet at the harbor entrance to 21 feet at the shore line and in the inner channel to Muskegon Lake, about 6,050 feet from the harbor en- trance. The south breakwater and shore connection are built of concrete caissons and piling capped with concrete; the north breakwater is a rubble mound; the inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all having been capped with concrete. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluc- tuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of new work, for the completed project was $1,900,922, exclusive of amounts expended:on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $28,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Piers and revetments--.............. ........-. H. Doc. 104, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 Breakwaters and present project dimensions of chan- H. Doc. 494, 67th Cong., 4th sess. nel. Aug. 30, 1935 Repairing revetment around car-ferry slip- -_-_--... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 64, 74th Cong., 1st sess. (contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The main terminals are at the city of Muskegon, at the inner end of Muskegon Lake, and include a car- ferry slip, a large privately owned wharf equipped with warehouse, transit shed, and cold-storage plant, and several wharves used for handling coal, petroleum products, building materials, and miscel- laneous commodities. There is also a sand wharf at the west end of Muskegon Lake south of the inner end of the improved channel. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were taken at a cost of $2,000 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $874. Repairing outer end of north rubble mound breakwater cost $26,435 and riprapping south breakwater with 2,154 tons of stone cost $6,018. Dredging with hopper dredge, completed in the previous fiscal year, involved an additional cost of $80. All work was done by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $35,407 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1938. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection was commenced in May 1928 and completed in Decem- ber 1930. The construction of the north breakwater and shore connection and the removal of portions of the old piers were com- . 'i:: ' ,: i ".." RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1099 menced in June 1930, and completed in December 1931. Deepening and widening of the entrance channel to existing project depth and width, were commenced and completed in June 1932. Repairs to the south revetment around the old car-ferry slip were commenced in May 1938, and completed in October 1938. The outer 54 feet of the south breakwater were removed in 1939, thereby increasing the width between the outer ends of the breakwaters to 555 feet. The south breakwater is therefore maintained for only a length of about 1,460 feet. The breakwaters and shore connections are in generally good condition except that the outer end of the north breakwater requires repairs. The inner piers and revetments are in fair condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 24 to 21 feet in the channel through the outer har- bor and 21 feet between the inner piers to Muskegon Lake. The costs under the existing project were $1,900,922 for new work and and $718,162 for maintenance, a total of $2,619,084. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------- Cost---"---------- Maintenance: --- : ------- --- ... ------------------ ....--------------------. $2,514,330 514,3 Appropriated-- .....-----$51,500 $27,000 $15,500 $10,500 $32,200 1, 164,947 Cost ------------- -- 46, 867 29, 581 13,914 9,388 235, 405 1,164,343 1 Includes $613,408 for new work and $446,183 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $35,407, less pending adjustment of $2. 22. WHITE LAKE HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, about 120 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 45 miles southerly from Ludington. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 768.) Existing project. This provides for the abandonment of the old outlet and the creation of a new channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, and about 1,950 feet long from Lake Michigan to White Lake between parallel piers and revetments having lengths of 1,717 feet and 1,953 feet on north and south sides, respectively. The piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a tem- porary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost of new work, for the completed project, was $207,862. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainten- ance is $13,000. 1100 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 lar. 5, July 1873 3, 1884 New channel, with piers and revetments--.....-----.. . . Unpublished survey report of 1866. July 13, 1892 Mar. 2, 1907 Present project depth of channel-.__ _-- ---------. No prior survey or estimate: The latest published map is in H. Doc. 2053, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is a coal wharf located about three- fourths of a mile south of the village of Montague, at the inner end of White Lake. Across the lake, at the village of Whitehall, there are several wharves available for boats of shallow draft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,118 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $127. Dredging 57,315 cubic yards of material, with hopper dredge, for restoration of project depth in entrance chan- nel, was accomplished at a cost of $32,492. All work was per- formed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $33,737 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1908. The piers and revetments were completed in 1900 and the dredging in 1908. The piers and revetments are in good condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 16 feet in the entrance channel and between the piers to White Lake. The costs under the existing project Were $207,862 for new work and $585,734 for maintenance, a total of $793,596. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ - ----------- $207, 862 Cost- - - -- - 207,862 Maintenance: Appropriated -_ $9,000 $8, 500 - $3,500 $33,450 585,854 Cost _ -- 8, 837 9,187 .- 3,093 1 33,734 585, 731 1 Operations and results during fiscal year $33,737, less pending adjustment of $3. 23. PENTWATER HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, about 146 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 14 miles southerly from Ludington. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 77.) Existing project. This provides for widening the old entrance RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1101 channel to 150 feet between parallel piers and revetments, the channel to extend from Lake Michigan to Pentwater Lake, with a depth of 16 feet. The piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which have been provided with con- crete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluc- tuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $245,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $22,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Mar. 3, 1873 Piers and revetments; dredging_----.. ....--------- H. Ex. Doc. 70, 39th Cong., 2d sess. July 13, 1892 Mar. 2, 1907 Present project depth of channel----------- ----- H. Doc. 181, 59th Cong., 2d sess. The latest published map is in H. Doc. 303, 66th Cong., 1st sess. Recommended modificationsof project. The project was recom- mended for abandonment in House Documents Nos. 429, 64th Congress, 1st session, and 467, 69th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. A number of small, privately owned wharves are grouped at the west end of Pentwater Lake. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $676 and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $48. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $724 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 78 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of con- structing a 200-foot extension to the south pier which is not con- sidered necessary under present conditions. The north pier and re- vetment was completed in 1885 for a length of 2,226 feet and the south pier and revetment in 1889 for a length of 1,847 feet. The net length of the north pier and revetment is now 2,022 feet, 204 feet having been removed in 1931. Dredging of the channel was completed in 1907. The piers and revetments are in fair condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 5.9 feet in the entrance channel and 4.1 feet in the channel between the piers to Pentwater Lake. The cost under the existing project was $179,899 for new work and $539,377 for maintenance, a total of $719,276. 1102 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 work: NewAppropriated------------ -------------------------------..----- ----...- $179, 899 Cost------------------------------------------- 179,899 Maintenance: Appropriated. -- $20,000 $30,865 $1,000 $2,300 $350 539,799 Cost . .------- 20,091 31,311 1,001 1,502 724 539,377 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project- - - __----------- -- $65,100 24. LUDINGTON HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 156 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 67 miles northerly from Grand Haven. (See U. S. Lake Sur- vey Chart No. 774.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, August 11, 1888, and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 1951 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1491 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by 2 breakwaters, each with main arm 1,800 feet long, 400 feet apart at the outer ends, diverging at an angle of 900, and with shore connections, 1,103 feet and 2,004 feet in length for north and south breakwaters, respectively; for the removal of the outer end of inner piers; for dredging the exterior basin to a depth of 18 feet; and for an inner channel about 2,000 feet long connect- ing Pere Marquette Lake and Lake Michigan, the minimum navi- gable width being 150 feet and depth of 18 feet. The breakwaters and inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all of which are capped with concrete superstructure, except for the inner 350 linear feet of the south revetment which consists of steel sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluc- tuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,036,086, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $32,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1103 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1867 Entrance piers. ..------------------------------ A. Annual Report, 1867, p. 114. Mar. 3, 1899 Pier extension reconstruction, and repairs to exist- H. Doc. 273, 54th Cong., 2d sess., ing structures, and present project dimensions of and Annual Report, 1897, p. channel. 2951. Mar. 2, 1907 Breakwaters, shore connections, and removal of outer H. Doc. 62, 59th Cong., 1st seas., ends of the 2 inside piers. and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee Doc. 3, 59th Cong., 2d sess. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1914, p. 2974. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. In addition to the main terminal of the Pere Marquette Railway Co., consisting of three car-ferry slips and a wharf with warehouses, there are several wharfs used for han- dling coal, building materials, and miscellaneous commodities. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $2,072 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $607. Repairs to 500 lineal feet of south breakwater, in progress at the close of the fiscal year, cost $71,285. Break- waters were riprapped with 995 tons of stone at a cost of $7,307. Preparation of plans for future structure repairs cost $676. Dredg- ing 32,172 cubic yards of material, with hopper dredge, was ac- complished at a cost of $11,660. Dredging, with hopper dredge, completed in previous fiscal year involved an additional cost of $524. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Govern- ment plant, except for the repairs to 500 lineal feet of south break- water. The total cost was $94,131 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1918. Construction of the breakwaters was commenced in 1908 and completed in May 1911. The construction of the shore connections was commenced in 1912 and completed in November 1914. The dredging was completed in 1917, and the placing of ad- dition stone as riprap in 1918. The breakwaters and shore connec- tions and the inner piers and revetments are in generally good con- dition except that the outer end of the north pier and a portion of the south shore connection substructure are in poor condition and require repairs. The outer 100 feet of the south breakwater were removed by private interests in 1939, by authority of the Chief of Engineers dated June 2, 1939, thereby increasing the width be- tween the outer ends of the breakwaters to 475 feet. The south breakwater is therefore maintained for only a length of about 1,700 feet. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 26 feet at harbor entrance, thence de- creasing through the outer basin to 18 feet at lakeward end of the inner piers and in the channel between the inner piers and revet- ments to Pere Marquette Lake. The costs under the existing pro- ject were $1,036,086 for new work and $1,372,456 for maintenance, a total of $2,408,542. 1104 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated-------. --------------- --- --------- ------------ ------------ $1, 527,502 Cost---------------------- ------------------- ------------ ------------ 1,527, 502 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-------- $24, 000 $67, 000 $41, 500 $13,200 $133, 600 1,536,848 Cost ----------- 24, 311 68,933 39,520 15, 726 294, 066 1, 498,842 1 Includes $491,416 for new work and $126,451 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Operations and results during fiscal year $94,131, less pending adjustment of $65. . 25. MANISTEE HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant: about 179 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 26 miles northerly from Ludington. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 776.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor: Acts of March 2, 1867, June 10, 1872, March 3, 1873, March 3,:1875, Au- gust 14, 1876, September 19, 1890, July 13, 1892, March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1952 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1493 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 23 feet deep, 570 feet wide, 1,600 feet to the outer end of the south pier; thence 21 feet deep between the piers and in the river, 250 to 220 feet wide for a distance of 2,000 feet; and thence with a minimum width of 100 feet from the inner end of the north revetment to Manistee Lake, about 6,400 feet. The project also provides for a south breakwater having a main arm 1,300 feet long and a shore connection 1,185 feet long, north pier and revetment 2,797 feet long, and south pier and revetment 770 feet long. The breakwater, shore connection, and north pier are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling and are capped with concrete superstructure. The south pier and revetment consists of steel sheet piling with stone fill in pier. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctua- tions of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $762,300, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $33,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS.; DISTRICT 1105 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2; 1867 Entrance piers----------------------.... _ Annual Report, 1867, p. 115. Sept. 19, 1890 Extending the channel 8,000 feet to connect with Annual Report, 1891, p. 2678. Manistee Lake, and further pier extension. July 25, 1912 Depth of 20 feet in the outer harbor, 570 feet wide to H. Doc. 599, 62d Cong., 2d sess, outer end of south pier and 18 feet deep in the river; south breakwater with shore connection; and ex- tension of north pier if required. July 3, 1930 Present project dimensions of the channel through S. Doc. 131, 71st Cong., 2d sess. outer basin and channel in the river. Mar. 2, 1945 Removal of old south revetment; construction of new H. Doc. 380, 77th Cong., 1st sess. south pier and revetment; and widening river en- (Contains latest published map.) trance channel. Local cooperation. The act of July 3, 1930, provided "that no work shall be undertaken on the section of the river through and above the bridges until they have been modified in a manner satis- factory to the Secretary of War." The Smith Street Bridge and the railroad bridge have been rebuilt, but the Maple Street High- way Bridge has not been rebuilt. All other requirements have been complied with. Terminal facilities. There is a Government wharf and a private sand wharf on the north side of the river and a package-freight wharf: with warehouse and a coal wharf on the south side. Indus- tries on Manistee Lake have wharves used for handling coal, salt, building materials, and pulpwood. The city has provided a wharf on the south side of the river for general public use. The facilities are 6oisidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,915 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $479. The outer end of the north pier was repaired at a cost of $64,239. Construction of stone wing wall along the south pier involved the placement of 1,006 tons of stone at a cost of $12,205. Dredging 49,694 cubic yards of material, with hopper dredge, was accomplished at a cost of $13,413. Dredging, with hopper: dredge, completed in previous fiscal year involved an addi- tional cost of $828. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $93,078 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 98 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of dredging the river to protect dimensions from about 800 feet below Maple Street Highway Bridge to Manistee Lake. This cannot be done until Maple Street Bridge has been rebuilt and until a large part of the river banks are revetted by private interests. The north pier and revetment, completed in 1893, the south breakwater and shore connections, completed in 1920, and the south pier and revetment, completed in 1950, are in generally good condition. Pile clusters should be placed along the north pier for protection from vessels. Dredging of the outer basin and the river channel to a point about 800 feet below Maple Street Bridge to existing project depth was commenced in October 1939 and completed in May 1940. Removal of old south revetment, construction of new south pier 1106 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 and revetment, and widening otheof river entrance channel was commenced in June 1949 and completed in June 1950. The control- ling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 23 feet in the outer basin, and in the channel between the piers, thence 21 feet in the river to Manistee Lake. The costs under the existing project were $745,774 for new work and $923,521 for maintenance, a total of $1,669,295. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 1 Total to June i 1952 __ __! 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated $17, 874 -$9, 094 -$2, 489 _ - -- $1, 100,773 ost----......... 260, 015 -1, 918 - __ 1, 100, 773 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... 35, 000 2,000 20,500 $59,100 $57, 000 1, 076, 127 Cost........----------------- 40,682 1,922 21,979 19,795 2 71, 170 1,073,130 1Includes $354,999 for new work and $150,910 for maintenance forprevious projects. 2 Operation and results during fiscal year $93,078, less pending adjustment of $1,301; less stock on hand June 30, 1953 included in 1954 costs, $20,607. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project____________________________ $16,500 26, PORTAGE LAKE HARBOR OF REFUGE, MANISTEE COUNTY, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 186 miles notheasterly from Chicago and about 37 miles northerly from Ludington. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 777.) Existing project. This provides for a harbor of refuge, with an entrance channel from Lake Michigan to Portage Lake, 300 feet wide and 18 feet deep, protected by stone-filled timber crib and pile piers and revetments. The piers and revetments have been pro- vided with concrete superstructure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578:5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonable changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $256,129. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $12,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1879 (Annual Report for 1879, p. 1634). The latest published map is in House Document No. 588, 64th Congress, 1st session. Recommended modifications of project. Legislation authorizing the abandonment of the project for this harbor is recommended in House Document No. 588, 64th Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are inexpensive landing places at the RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1107 inner end of Portage Lake. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made by hired labor and the use of Government plant at a total cost of $559 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was sub- stantially completed in 1912. The piers and revetments were com- pleted in 1901. The dredging was completed in 1812 except for a small amount of hard material in the inner half of the channel. The piers and revetments are in good condition. The controlling depth at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year was 8.8 feet at the harbor entrance and 11 feet in a channel about 100 feet wide between the piers to Portage Lake. The costs under the existing project were $256,129 for new work and $461,311 for maintenance, a total of $717,440. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1964 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated . --- ------- - --- ----------- $256, 129 Cost----------------- -------------------................. ----------------------- ----- 256, 129 Maintenance: Appropriated--------........ $18, 500 -$1,506 ............ $2,000 .....----- 461,635 Cost----------------- 17,599 262 -------- --- 1,118 $559 461,311 27. FRANKFORT HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 204 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 28 miles northerly from Manistee. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 77.) Existing project. This provides for an exterior basin in Lake Michigan, formed by two breakwaters, 450 feet apart at the outer ends, diverging at an angle of about 90 °, the main arm and the shore conection on the north breakwater being 972 and 1,000 feet in length, respectively, and the main arm and the shore connection of the south breakwater being 1,188 and 1,400 feet in length, re- spectively; for the removal of 801 feet of the north and 1,172 feet of the south pier; dredging the basin 20 feet deep and 800 feet wide at the entrance, decreasing toward the new pierheads to 600 feet wide; dredging the channel between the piers 18 feet deep to Lake Betsie (Aux Becs Seies) ; and dredging to a depth of 18 feet, to within 50 feet of existing structures, that area in Lake Betsie west of the east boundary of Fifth Street extended. The break- waters and shore connections are built of concrete caissons and piling capped with concrete. The inner piers and revetments are built of stone-filled timber cribs and piling, all having been capped with concrete, except for 251 feet of the south revetment which consists of steel sheet piling. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctu- ations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot 1108 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 1/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed. project was $1,741,827. The latest (1954) approved estimated annual cost of maintenance is $24,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts : . Acts Work authorized Documents June 23, 18661I A new outlet of 12 feet deep protected by piers and H. Doc. 482, 55th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 'Exterior breakwaters, removal of portions of piers, and for present project dimensions of channel. H. Doc. 208, 68th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging the area in Lake Betsie__--------------- H. Doc. 511,.. 74th Cong., 2d sess.: I Amended 1868, 1879, and 1892. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The railroad terminal, consisting of two car-ferry slips, is on the south side at inner end of the entrance channel. There are also several fishing wharves. The city has con- structed a wharf on the north side of Lake Betsie available for boats of shallow draft, The facilities are considered adequate fbor existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $2,977 ard miscellaneous inspection and re- ports cost $358. The breakwaters were riprapped with 2,790 tons of stone at a cost of $17,530. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $20,865 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. Construction of the south breakwater and shore connection, removal of a portion of the south pier, and dredging of the south half of the channel to existing project depth, were com- menced in May 1928, and completed in October 1931. The north breakwater and shore connections, removal of a portion of the north pier and dredging the remainder of the channel, to existing project depth, were commenced in April 1932, and completed in October 1932. Dredging of the area in Lake Betsie was commenced in May 1939, and completed in July 1939. The breakwaters, shore connections, and revetments are in generally good condition; the inner piers require repairs. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 22 feet at harbor en- trance, thence decreasing through the outer basin to 20 feet at lakeward end of the inner piers and thence 18 feet in the channel between the inner piers and revetments to Lake Betsie. The depth over the dredging area in Lake Betsie was 16.8 feet. The costs under the existing project were $1,741,827 for new work and $693,722 for maintenance, a total of $2,435,549. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1109 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ---------------------------- . ------------------------ $1, 741,827 Cost ----- -- -------------------------------------------------------- 1,741,827 Maintenance: Appropriated,-....... $66, 500 $33, 500 $4, 500 $3, 300 $21, 100 697, 155 Cost--------... ------- 26,084 80,007 1, 494 2,977 1 18,634 691,491 1 Operation and results during fiscal year $20,865, less pending adjustment of $2,231. 28. LELAND HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is on the east shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of Carp (Leelanau) River, Mich., distant about 240 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 40 miles northerly from Frankfort. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 705.) Existing project. This provides for the removal of the wrecked outer portions of the old privately owned piers; for the construc- tion of new piers converging from shore to an entrance 60 feet wide, the lengths to be 370 and 440 feet for the north and south piers, respectively; and for an entrance channel 6 feet deep and 40 feet wide, the inner end of channel being about 300 feet inside of the harbor entrance. The new piers are built of piling filled with stone. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluc- tuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $64,181. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 23, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in the project docu- ment. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are privately owned wharves on each side of the inner harbor extending from the dam, located about 400 feet above the mouth of the river, for a distance of about 200 feet downstream, used principally by the local fishing interests and to some extent by Government mail, Coast Guard, and lighthouse boats. All available dockage space is utilized. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $559 and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $8. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $567 for maintenance. 1110 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY. 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. Construction of the converging piers, removal of the outer portions of the old privately owned piers, and dredging of the entrance channel were commenced in September 1936, and com- pleted in June 1937. The upper portions of the converging piers require repairs. The remaining portions of the private piers are in poor condition. Prior to the work done by the Government the harbor had been built and maintained entirely by local interests. Carp River, about 4,000 feet long, connects Leelanau Lake with Lake Michigan. There is a concrete dam with a 10-foot head about 400 feet above the river mouth. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 10.1 feet at en- trance, reducing thence to 3.1 feet at the inner end of the channel through outer harbor, and 1.0 feet in river to the dam. The costs under the existing project were $64,181 for new work and $77,279 for maintenance, a total of $141,460. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to Jun 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years -- - - -~-- - - - - - 1950 ---- - 1951 ---- 1952 1953 --- - 1954 - priorto 1950 igfsa er New work: Appropriated __- ' .......... - --- -- $64, 181 Cost-.--- - .64, 181 Maintenance: Appropriated-.....t . - .. | -$192 . ..------------ 37, 800 $450 78,552 Cost- - - - $644 287 -. - - 36,411 1566 77,279 I Operation and results during fiscal year $567, less pending adjustment of $1. 29. TRAVERSE CITY HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the south end of the West Arm of Grand Traverse Bay, distant about 45 miles southwesterly from Charlevoix and 92 miles northerly from Frankfort. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 706.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a basin, 600 feet wide and 1,000 feet long, with depth of 14 feet in the outer 500 feet of the area and 10 feet in the remainder, protected by a breakwater about 1,300 feet in length, on the west side of the West Arm about 11/4 miles north of the city limits. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 21/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $239,557. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of main- tenance is $3,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 546, 80th Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Elmwood Township, Leelanau County, has RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1111 provided a wharf open to all on equal terms. There are 2 privately owned coal wharves, 2 privately owned wharves for the receipt of petroleum products, and a small municipal yacht harbor beyond the limits of the existing project. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $848 and miscellaneous inspections and re- ports cost $19. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $867 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in August 1951. Construction of the breakwater commenced inMay 1950 and was completed in August 1951. Dredging of the mooring basin commenced in August 1950 and was completed in December 1950. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 14 feet in the outer half of the basin and 10 feet in the inner half. The costs under the existing project were 239,557 for new work and $2,029 for maintenance, a total of $241,585. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ __ $245, 000 -$1, 730 -$3, 713 --........ - -- $239, 557 114,175 Cost....---------------- 117,441 7,941 239,557 Maintenance: Appropriated._.---- .......-- . . ...... $2,000 $750 2,750 Cost--------.... ---.... 1,162i 866 2,028 1Operation and results during fiscal year $867, less pending adjustment of $1. 30. CHARLEVOIX HARBOR, MICH. Location. On the east shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 276 miles northeasterly from Chicago and about 75 miles northerly from Frankfort. (See U. S. Survey Chart No. 789.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 18 feet deep from that depth in Lake Michigan to that depth in Lake Charlevoix pro- tected where needed by piers and revetments. The piers at the en- trance are formed of stone-filled timber cribs and rubblestone, being 781 feet and 452 feet in length on north and south sides, respec- tively. The entire south pier and the outer 303 feet of the north pier have been provided with concrete superstructure. The revet- ments are built of piling and are capped with concrete. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michi- gan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The fluctua- tions of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/2 feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The cost for new work for the completed project was $82,223. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $15,000. 1112 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 14, 1876 Channel from Lake Michigan to Round Lake, pro- S. Ex. Doc. 16, 44th Cong., 1st tected where needed by piers and revetments. sess., and Annual Report, 1876, p. 523. Aug. 2, 1882 Channel from Round Lake to Lake Charlevoix-..... No prior survey or estimate. June 13, 1902 Project depth increased to 15 feet -------------------- Do. June 20, 1938 Project depth increased to 18 feet-- ----. --------- S. Doc. 163, 75th Cong. 3d sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. These consist of several small landing places in Round Lake at Charlevoix used for handling fish and mis- cellaneous commodities. The city of Charlevoix has provided a public wharf south of the inner end of the lower south revetment. A wharf for receipt of petroleum products is located on the west end of Lake Charlevoix. There are coal wharves at Advance and Boyne City at the inner end of Lake Charlevoix. The city of Boyne City has provided a public wharf for small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,419 and miscellaneous inspections and reports cost $91. The reconstruction of 196.5 lineal feet of south revetment was accomplished at a cost of $67,234. All work was performed by hired labor and use of Government plant. The total cost was $68,744 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. The north pier and revetment of the lower channel were completed in 1880, and the south pier and revetment in 1889. The revetments of the upper channel were completed in 1885. Dredging of both channels to existing project depth, was com- menced and completed in August 1939. The north revetment of the upper channel has been entirely removed, a portion being removed in 1928 and the remainder in 1930. The piers and revetments of the lower channel and the south revetment of the upper channel are in fair condition. The controlling depths at low water datum at the close of the fiscal year were 18 feet in the lower channel to Round :Lake and in the upper channel to Lake Charlevoix. The costs under the existing project were $82,223 for new work and $473,467 for maintenance, a total of $555,690. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New workI Appropriated---------------------- ---------- ------ $ 82, 223 ..... Cost---------------- ----------- ----------- - ---- ----------------- 82, 223 Maintenance: ...-- Appropriated--- $11, 000 -$688 $1000 $4,100 $68,750 474, 725 Cost .... 9,435 1,805 501 3,348 1!69,031 473,754 1Operations and results during fiscal year $68,744, plus pending adjustment of $287. RIVERS AND HARBORS-MILWAUKEE, WIS., DISTRICT 1113 31. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 5 1920 - - $63, 000 (3 ) 1. Arcadia Harbor, Mich.__________________ _ ____ __ _ 2. Big Suamico River, Wis.' _____________- -___ 1951 $20, 243 19, 450 (3) 3. Cedar River Harbor, Mich.' 2_! 1896 28,464 6 $409, 500 4. Gladstone Harbor, Mich.' 2 1912 7,281 252 (3) 5. Gray's Reef Passage, Mich. :- - 1937 109, 521 ...-------------- (3) 6. Harbors at Washington Island, Wis.' ....... 1950 62,838 1, 143 6 71, 000 7. Pensaukee Harbor, Wis.'_---------------_ -1951 34, 035 22,460 (3) 8. Petoskey Harbor, Mich.'1 - - 1896 118, 239 91, 666 (3) 9. South Milwaukee Harbor, Wis.2 4____________ 1906 5,000 - - - 578, 000 10. St. James Harbor (Beaver Island), Mich. 7 1952 68 38,000 11. St. Joseph River, Mich.' 2-....- 1923 4,555 5,195 (3) 1Channels adequate for commerce. 2 Abandonment recommended in 1926 (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). 3 Completed. 4 No commerce reported. 5 Abandonment recommended in 1916 (H. Doc. 668, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). 6 Revised in 1954. 7 Assurances of local cooperation requested Mar. 3, 1945. Negotiations for compliance are in progress. 8 Exclusive of $7,500 to be contributed by local interests. 32. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. All work under this heading is for the Milwaukee and Duluth Districts. The features included are Flood Control Studies, Navigation Studies, Beach Erosion Coop- erative Studies, and Miscellaneous Studies. The total costs during the fiscal year were $26,6801. The balance unexpended of $5,5172 will be applied to completing studies under way at end of fiscal year. A total of $64,600 additional funds can be profitably ex- pended during fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. The cooperative stream gaging program cost $2,400. The precipitation studies cost $2,400. There were no funds expended on fish and wildlife studies or beach erosion development studies. Miscellaneous studies cost a total of $1,637. 33. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) A design memorandum was prepared in connection with proposed work for flood protection on the Oconto River at Oconto, Wiscon-. sin. The work proposed consists of dredging at a total estimated cost of $138,500. The report was completed on June 29, 1954. The total costs, all for new work, were $3,892. 1Includes $5,603 contributed funds. 2 Includes $3,797 contributed funds. 1114 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - -_---- __ ._ $4,000 $4,000 Cost_ - _------ _-_ ---_-- __- --.................. ---_..... 3,892 3,892 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project____________ .. 1 Project not yet approved. IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT This district comprises southeastern Wisconsin, northeastern and central Illinois, and portions of northwestern Indiana and southwestern Michigan included in the drainage basin of the Illi- nois River above the south boundary of the Federal property at the new LaGrange lock and dam, exclusive of the basin of Bureau Creek, Ill. It also includes the southern end of Lake Michigan and its tributary drainage basins from the southern boundary of Wis- consin to the drainage basin of the St. Joseph River, Mich., and the waterways connecting the Illinois River with the Chicago and Calumet Rivers. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control--Continued Page Page 1. Waukegan Harbor, Ill 1115 drainage and levee districts, 1117 2. Chicago Harbor, Ill .............. Ill. 1142 River, Ill-------............... 1120 11. Coal Creek drainage and levee 3. Chicago River, Ill................... 4. Calumet Harbor & River, Ill. & district, Ill. River, Ill .... 1143 _____.. ........... Ind-.............__ .......1122 12. Mouth of Sangamon River, Ill 1144 1125 13. Beardstown, Illinois River, Ill__1145 5. Indiana Harbor, Ind.................. 6. Michigan City Harbor, Ind .....1128 14. Pekin-La Marsh drainage and 1130 7. Illinois Waterway, Ill. & Ind.... 1146 levee district, Ill. River, Ill.... 8. Inactive navigation projects 1140 15. Upper Mississippi River basin, - __.... 1147 Chicago District ...-.-..-.. 16. Inactive flood control projects.. 1148 Flood Control 17. General investigations.....-------- 1148 18. Inspection of completed flood 1140 9. Farm Creek, Ill-.. .. ............. control works ......... .. 1149 10. Lacey, Langellier, West Ma- 19. Flood control workunder special tanzas and Kerton Valley authorization.......--......1149 1. WAUKEGAN HARBOR, ILL. Location. This harbor is on the west shore of Lake Michigan, distant about 51 miles south of Milwaukee and about 38 miles north of Chicago. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 74.) Previous project. An appropriation was made by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1852, for a breakwater. This work was abandoned. The original project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880, and modified by River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882. For further details, see page 1940 of Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 1508 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for- a. A northerly exterior breakwater, about 1,900 feet long ex- tending easterly from the shore 1,030 feet, and thence southeast- erly 870 feet to the outer end, forming a protected outer harbor. b. Parallel piers from the outer harbor to an inner basin, about 240 feet apart and 1,613 and 3,212 feet long for the north and south piers, respectively, the inshore end of the south pier diverging southward opposite the inner basin. c. An entrance channel 390 feet wide and 22 feet deep, extending 1115 1116 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 from that depth in the lake to the outer end of the north pier, reducing to a channel between piers 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep to the inner basin, an inner basin 18 feet deep, about 1 3 acres, protected on the east side by a revetment 882 feet long, and an anchorage area 8 feet deep, about 6 acres, in the southwest corner of the inner basin. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Mich- igan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. , The fluc- tuations of water level are seasonal changes of about one-half foot above or below the annual mean stage, and extreme fluctuations of a temporary nature, due to wind and barometric pressure, of about 11/ feet above or below the mean lake level prevailing at the time. The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $591,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and excluding $20,000 (cost of bulkhead and boat stalls) to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000, on completion of the project. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14, 1880 Parallel piers and basin - . -....-.... ..... Annual Report, 1880, p. 1942. Aug. 2, 1882 Modified location of harbor entrance 1-_ _ Annual Report, 1882, pp. 277, 2163. June 13, 1902 Detached breakwater, extension of piers, increasing H. Doc. 343, 56th Cong., 1st sess. width of harbor at inner end of north pier, and dredging channel and basin to existing project depth. July 3, 1930 Extension of breakwater to shore, dredging near the Rivers and Harbors Committee outer end of the north pier, and enlarging the inner Doc. 27, 71st Cong., 2d sess. basin. 5 Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging an entrance channel to existing project H. Doc. 116, 77th Cong., 1st sess. dimensions from the outer end of the north pier to the project depth in the lake, and dredging an anchorage area in the southwest corner of the inner basin to the existing project depth. Abandonment of dredging the triangular area in the southwest corner of the inner basin to a depth of 18 feet. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, provided that dredging of the anchorage basin shall not be commenced until local interests furnish assurances to the Secretary of War that they will remove the abandoned water intake pipes; construct an adeauate bulkhead in front of the city park and in front of the adjacent United States property; furnish, free of cost to the United States, the land necessary for the anchorage area; release the United States from all claims for damages resulting from the im- provement and provide and maintain adequate mooring facilities. Local interests were informed of requirements on July 1, 1946. Permit authorizing construction of the required bulkhead was is- sued by Department of the Army on August 25, 1948, and com- pliance with the remaining requirements is anticipated on comple- tion of the bulkhead. Terminal facilities. There are four commercial docks. The most important cargoes handled are coal and iron and steel prod- ucts. In addition, there are two publicly owned docks, one of RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1117 which is owned by the city and is used for fishing, and the other is owned by the United States Government and used exclusively by the Corps of Engineers. The city dock is considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys, inspections and reports were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $6,474. Stone placement for breakwater repair was performed by contract at a cost of $16,348. The total costs for the fiscal year were $22,822, all maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 92 per- cent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of dredging to provide an anchorage area in the southwest corner of the inner basin. The north pier and east re- vetment (completed in 1904) are in fair condition and the south pier (completed in 1909) is in good condition. The outer 600 feet of breakwater (completed in 1904). and the shore-arm extension (completed in 1931) are in good condition except for deterioration at the outer end. The controlling depths are 18.6 feet in the en- trance channel to the outer end of the south pier, over a channel 250 feet wide measured from the south channel; and 18.1 feet in the remaining portion of the entrance channel and inner basin, except for minor shoals along edges of the channel. Depths are based on soundings taken in June 1954, and are referred to low- water datum. The mean-water level in June 1954, was 3.03 feet above, datum. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $1,579,184 of which $536,758 was for riew work and $1,042,426 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 1 New work: A ppropriated . . ... .............. _ ......... ........... .. $ 754,991 Cost----- .. .... .... -------------. . 754, 991 Maintenance: Appropriated -. $76, 500 $5, 000 $5, 000 $26, 800 $22, 800 1, 058,137 Cost- -- - - 96,178 3, 742 6, 502 26,835 22, 822 1,058,137 1 Includes $218,233 for new work and $15,711 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project ___________________ $54,000 2. CHICAGO HAIRBOR, ILL. Location. Northeastern Illinois, near the southern end of Lake Michigan; 85 miles in a southerly direction from Milwaukee, Wis. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 752.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1833, and modified by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, March 2, 1867, July 1, 1868, and April 10, 1869. Work was con- tinued under these projects until 1870. (For further details, see p. 1941 of Annual Report for 1915, and p. 1510 of Annual Report for 1938.) 1118 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. An inner breakwater, all of timber cribs, enclosing an inner basin of about 224 acres in extent, the breakwater being in two sec- tions, as follows: The main inner breakwater 4,036 feet long with 300 feet of shore return on north end; a southerly extension 2,550 feet long. b. An exterior breakwater enclosing an outer basin of about 970 acres in extent, the breakwater being in three sections, exclusive of gaps, as follows: The shore extension at north end built of timber cribs and 2,250 feet long; the main exterior breakwater, built of timber cribs and 5,413 feet long; and the southerly extension, built of rubble mound and concrete caissons and 5,000 feet long, exclu- sive of the harbor entrance gap of 500 feet. c. Maintenance dredging to a depth of 21 feet of that part of the inner basin lying north of a line drawn eastwardly perpendicular to the eastern boundary of Grant Park, from the northern end of said boundary, and also of the entrance to Chicago River from the lake to Rush Street over a width varying from 470 to 190 feet. d. Maintenance of that section of the north pier, 900 feet long, located east of the entrance to Ogden slip. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Mich- igan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and tem- porary fluctuations of 0.1 to 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in barometric pressure, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The cost for new work for the completed project was $3,409,844, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $50,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 Inner breakwaters and inner basin. ---------------- H.sess., Ex. Doc. 114, 41st Cong., 2d and Annual Report, 1879, pp. 1562-1567. June 14, 1880 Exterior breakwater_------.....-......... --- ___- Annual Report, 1879, pp. 1562-1567. Mar. 3, 1899 Present project depth in the basin, and entrance to Annual Report, 1897, pp. 2790-2791. Chicago River. July 25, 1912 Shore-arm and southerly extension of the exterior H. Doc. 710, 62d Cong., 2d sess. breakwater. Mar. 2, 1919 Modification of the area to be dredged in the inner H. Doc. 1303, 64th Cong., Ist seas. basin. Mar. 3, 1931 Shore-arm extension of the exterior breakwater trans- Public, 797, 71st Cong. ferred to Lincoln Park Commissioners. Mar. 2, 1945 Resumption of jurisdiction over the shore-arm exten- Public 14, 79th Cong. sion breakwater and over certain navigable waters in Lake Michigan which lie in the northwestern part of the outer harbor. The latest published map of this harbor is in the Annual Report for 1914. opposite page 2,924. RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1119 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 32 docks for handling various types of cargo. The most important cargoes handled are coal, overseas package freight, and newsprint. Passenger excursion steamers are served by 6 of these 32 docks. There is 1 privately owned marine service mooring and 2 yacht club docks. The city of Chicago owns 5 docks, none of which are used for commercial purposes at the present time. The United States Government has 6 docks; 2 are used by the Coast Guard, 2 by the Navy, and 2 by the Corps of Engineers. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys, inspections and reports, were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $11,091. Repairs to the shore-arm extension of the exterior break- water, and to the inner breakwater, were suspended. Twelve percent of the work is completed. Repairs to stone protection- exterior breakwater were performed by contract, at a cost of $41,079. The total costs for the fiscal year were $52,170, all maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1923. The entrance to Chicago River has been improved by the construction of parallel entrance piers, and dredging of a channel 190 to 470 feet in width, and a depth of 21 feet below datum. The northerly arm of the inner breakwater (timber 4,034 feet, with 304 feet of shore return on the north end, completed in 1875; concrete superstructure completed in 1934) is in good con- dition. The southerly arm (timber 2,544 feet, completed in 1880; concrete superstructure completed in 1930) is in fair condition. The exterior breakwater (timber 5,418 feet, completed in 1889; concrete superstructure completed in 1930), the southerly exten- sion (rubble mound 2,227 feet, completed in 1917), and the south arm (rubble mound 1,532 feet, completed in 1920; and concrete caisson 1,185 feet, completed in 1922) are in fair condition. The shore-arm extension (timber 2,250 feet, completed in 1917) has deteriorated above the water line. Repairs are in progress and by June 30, 1952, approximately 61 percent of the deteriorated por- tion was replaced by a concrete superstructure. The north pier (concrete superstructure, 975 feet, completed in 1908 and repaired in 1949) is in good condition. The controlling mid-channel depth from the west end of the lock near the mouth of the Chicago River, to the Michigan Avenue bridge, is 21 feet. Depths are based on soundings taken in December 1952, and are referred to low-water datum. The mean water level, lakeward of the lock, in June 1954 was 3.03 feet above datum. The water level landward of the lock is controlled, the level being maintained at an elevation lower than that of Lake Michigan except during excessive storm runoff. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $5,942,649 of which $3,409,844 was for new work and $2,532,805 for maintenance. Sig 36-1119.1150 1120 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary .. . Fiscal year ending June 30 Total toJune 30, 1954, ffiiclud- ing fiscal.years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated . ...- - 1$3, 855, 849 Cost--------------------- - - 3,855, 849 Maintenance: Appropriated.. - - - - $300, 500 $413, 000 $8, 000 $53, 005 $15, 000 2,787,406 Cost----------_ -- 220,421 1 170,961 42,407 57,107 52,170 2,532, 805 1 Includes $446,005 for new work for previous projects. 3. CHICAGO RIVER, ILL. Location. Cook and Lake Counties, Ill., the navigable portions being wholly in Cook County and the city of Chicago. (See U.: S. Lake Survey Chart No. 752.) For description, see page 1467 of Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, modified by acts of March 3, 1899, and June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1942 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1513 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for maintenance dredging to 21 feet below the hydraulic grade line, corresponding to low water datum ,in Lake Michigan, of the main river from Rush Street to the junction of the North and. South Branches. (0.7 mile),: 'the North Branch from the junction to North Avenue (2.22 miles), the North Branch Canal:(1.04 miles), and the North Branch tiurn- ing. basin; the channels, and turning basins to be maintained, to project depth to within 20 feet ofexisting docks. It also provides for dredging a channel 9 feet: deep. to within 30 feet of existing bulkheads and river banks, from North Avenue to Belmont Av- enue,. thence 9 feet.deep and 50 feet wide to Addison Street. The wdh.of channel in the main river varies from 200 to 300 feet,: in North Branch from 50 to 150 feet, and in North Branch Canal froi 70 to 110 feet.. All fdepthsare referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet abovemean tide at New York, with due. al- lowance for hydraulic grade resulting from the drainage canal. The.estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $585,000, exclilsiV eof amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $46,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1121 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 Mar. 3, 1899 For project depth of 21 feet in lieu of that fixed by act Specified in act. of June 3, 1896. June 13, 1902 Turning basins___....________________________................ Do. Mar. 2, 1907 Interpreted by Chief of Engineers, Apr. 11, 1908, as H. Doc. 95, 56th Cong., 1st sess. adopting the new work of the then existing project (Annual Report, 1900, p. 3863, for 21-foot depth., and Annual Report, 1909, p. 709.) Mar. 2, 1919 Eliminated all work, except maintenance of the main H. Doc. 1294, 64th Cong., 1st sess. river, North Branch, North Branch Canal, and turning basin. 2 July 24, 1946 Dredging channel 9 feet deep to within 30 feet of ex- H. Doc. 767, 78th Cong., 2d sess. isting bulkheads and river banks from North Ave. to Belmont Ave., thence 9 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Addison St. The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1914, opposite p. 2928. 2 Contains latest published map of the North Branch above North Ave. Recommended modifications of project. On February 28, 1949, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project for Chicago River, Ill., to provide for a channel 9 feet deep and 50 feet wide in the North Branch of Chicago River and North Shore Channel between Addison Street, Chicago, and Main Street, Skokie, with three passing places 45 feet wide and 500 feet long, in accordance with the plans of the district engineer, at an es- timated cost to the United States of $776,000 for new work and $16,500 annually for maintenance in addition to the amount now required, subject to certain requirements of local cooperation. Local cooperation. The act of July 24, 1946, provided that the improvement of the channel is subject to the condition that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will hold and save the United States free from damages which may result from construction and maintenance of the improvement. The above requirement has not been complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 58 docks handling lake vessel and river barge cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are sand and gravel, coal, salt, cement, and petroleum products. There are 4 boatyards, 3 of which are used for servicing recreational craft and 1 engaged- in constructing and servicing small craft as well as small Navy vessels. The city of Chicago owns 2 docks which are not used for commercial purposes at this time. The United States Government has 2 docks which are used by the Corps of Engineers exclusively. SOperations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys, inspections and reports, were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $15,894. The total costs for the fiscal year were $15,894, all maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete except for the work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of: July 24, 1946. The controlling mid-channel depths are as follows: In the main river, 21.0 feet; in the North Branch to North Avenue, 21.0 feet; North Avenue to Addison Street, 10.0 feet; and in the North Branch Canal, 18.7 feet. Depths in the turning basin are generally 21.0 feet or more Depths are based upon soundings taken in 1122 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 January, February, May, and June 1953 and are referred to low- water datum. The water level in the Chicago River is controlled, the level being maintained at an elevation lower than that of Lake Michigan, except during excessive storm run-off into the river. The heads of navigation for deep-draft vessels are Belmont Avenue on the North Branch, and Leavitt Street on the West Fork of the South Branch, 5.97 and 5.52 miles, respectively, from Michigan Avenue Bridge. The head of navigation for barge traffic is near Touhy Avenue on the North Shore Channel, about 11 miles from the Michigan Avenue Bridge. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $1,941,675 of which $544,679 were for new work, and $1,396,996 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ 30, 1954., nclud- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -__ $1,500, 565 Cost--------------- ------------------------------------------------ 1,500,565 Maintenance: Appropriated- _ _i $203,000 $ 7 000 $10,000 $151,425 $10, 500 1,506, 910 _ --- Cost------ - 199,784 10.259 9,981 145,599 15, 894 1, 506,459 1Includes $955,886 for new work and $109,463 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project -_ ___ ___ __ $40,000 4. CALUMET HARBOR AND RIVER, ILL. AND IND. Location. Northeastern Illinois (Cook County), near the south- ern end of Lake Michigan, 121/2 miles south of Chicago Harbor, and known on the Great Lakes as South Chicago Harbor. it being in the southerly part of and within the corporate limits of the city of Chicago, except for a part of the breakwaters and of the an- chorage behind same, which are in Indiana The Calumet River is within the Chicago city limits. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 75.) For description, see page 1471 of Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. The original project for Calumet Harbor was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 11, 1870, and modi- fied August 11, 1888. Work was continued under these projects until 1896. The original project for Calumet River was adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884, and modified August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1943 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1515 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following work: a. For an outer harbor protected by a breakwater extending eastward from the shore about 4,400 feet and thence southeasterly about 8,100 feet to the harbor entrance. b. For an approach channel 3,200 feet wide and 28 feet deep through the shoals outside the breakwater. c. For an outer harbor channel and anchorage area 3,000 feet wide and 26 feet deep. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1123 d. For an entrance channel to the river 350 feet wide and 26 feet deep to the Elgin, Joliet & Eastern Railway bridge. e. For a channel in Calumet River of 200-foot minimum width, 25 feet deep to the Semet-Solvay wharf near 111th Street, thence 23 feet deep through the rock section to near 114th Street, thence 21 feet deep to 122nd Street, and thence 21.5 feet deep to and in- cluding turning basin No. 5. f. For widening and straightening the river channel, except through the rock cut, to within 20 feet of bulkhead lines now or hereafter established. g, For five turning basins spaced along the river channel, of suitable size for turning the largest lake cargo vessels, and each of the same depth as the adjacent channel. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Fluctuations in stage of the river are practically those resulting from changes of water level in Lake Michigan. On Lake Michi- gan, seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and tem- porary fluctuations of 0.1 to 0.5 feet, due to wind and difference in barometric pressures, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954 is $11,447,- 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $115,000. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents MI Annual Report, 1896, pp. 2584, et June 13,19029 Outer harbor protected by breakwater i seq., and H. Doc. 277, 54th Cong. I 1st sess. Mar. 3, 1905 5 turning basins....___________________________._ H. Doc. 172, 58th Cong., 2d seas. June 25, 1910 Provided for shape and dimensions of turning basins. H. Doc. 349, 60th Cong., 1st sess, Sept. 22, 1922 Consolidated the 2 projects for Calumet Harbor and Calumet River. 2 Aug. 30,1935' Detached breakwater; dredging the outer harbor to H. Doc. 494, 72d Cong., 2d sess. existing project depth and dimensions; deepening river-entrance channel and river to existing project depths; widening and straightening the river chan- nel; deepening the 5 turning basins to the same depth as the adjacent channel. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Provide an approach channel to the harbor 3,200 feet H. Doe. 233, 76th Cong., 1st sess. wide and 28 feet deep through the shoals outside the breakwater and for closing the existing gap between the breakwaters. I Included in Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933, and Dec. 16, 1933. 2 Contains latest published maps of the river. 3 Contains latest published map of the harbor. Local cooperation. The act of March 3, 1905, required, as a condition precedent to Federal expenditures upon any 1 of the 5 turning basins, the donation to the United States of the land neces- sary for that turning basin. As a result the land needed for turn- ing basins 1, 3, and 5 was conveyed to the United States. The total area thus conveyed is 17.85 acres, and the value of the land at the time of its conveyance was approximately $35,700. 1124 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The act of August 30, 1935, provided that the widening of the channel at any locality, or the future excavation of a turning basin, shall not be commenced until local interests have furnished, free of cost to the United States, the lands or easements necessary for such widening or excavation, and have either provided any necessary bulkheads, or have released the United States from all damages to adjacent lands by reason of the excavation. The Republic Steel Corp. has dredged a new turning basin on the east side of the Calumet River just north of 122d Street, to replace the original turning basin 3, and has constructed a bulk- head along the channel side of the original basin 3, and reclaimed the area to provide land for plant expansion. The corporation has also built a bulkhead along two portions of the east side of the river between a point opposite the Semet-Solvay slip and the new turning basin 3, and has widened and deepened the east side of the rock section between the United States east channel line and its bulkhead. The United States has widened and deepened two por- tions of the east side of the river between the south end of the rock section and turning basin 3, mile 4.7. Local interests donated the necessary land for the widening. Terminal facilities. There are 42 docks handling lake vessel and river barge cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, grain, coal, limestone, sand and gravel, iron and steel products, and miscellaneous package freight. There are 2 boat- yards, 1 for repairs to large lake vessels (this yard has 2 large drydocks), and the other boatyard has 1 floating drydock for re- pairing and building commercial river craft. The United States Government owns one dock which is used by the Corps of: Engi- neers only. There are no other publicly owned docks on the Calu- met River, except for the one reserved for the exclusive use of the one city of Chicago fireboat. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Con- dition surveys, inspections, reports, and flue dust investigations were conducted by hired labor at a total cost of $44,131. Stone protection for breakwater repair was performed by contract, at a. cost of $16,817. The total costs for the fiscal year were $60,948, all maintenance. -done Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 52 per- cent complete. The work remaining to be to complete the project consists of the construction of turning basins 2 and 4; dredging portions of the outer harbor; deepening, widening, and straightening the Calumet River; dredging an approach channel to the harbor through the shoals outside the detached breakwater; and closing the gap between the breakwaters. The timber[ break- water (6,712 feet, was completed in 1904; concrete superstructure was completed in 1924) is in fair condition. The cellular type steel-sheet pile breakwater (5,007 feet, was completed in 1935) is in good condition. Under permit from the Secretary of War, the Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. and its predecessors have re- moved all of the south pier (completed in 1897) and replaced it with a concrete dock wall 2,961 feet in length and 50 feet south- erly. of thepier's original location. Under permits from the De- partment, the: Defense Plant Corporation has built two sections RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1125 of bulkhead on the east side of the river between a point opposite the Semet-Solvay slip and the new turning basin 3 at mile 4.7. The United States has widened and deepened the channel adjoin- ing the new bulkhead except along the rock section, where the widening was done by the corporation. Depths in the outer har- bor vary from 21 to 28 feet. Controlling mid-channel depth in the entrance channel is 22.5 feet. The controlling mid-channel depth in the river is 19.0 feet, up to and including turning basin 5. Depths are based on soundings taken in February, March and April 1954, and are referred to low-water datum. The mean water level in June 1954 was 3.03 feet above datum. The head of navi- gation for deep-draft vessels in the river is at turning basin 5 at the entrance to Lake Calumet. The total costs, all funds, to June 30, 1954, were $8,907,613, of which $5,871,010 were regular funds and $3,036,603 were Public Works funds; $5,616,541 being for new work and $3,291,072 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending Jane 30 Total to June _30, __-_-_ 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated .- -$3,131 ... -. - -$6,472,514 Cost ...... 43 6,472,514 Maintenance: Appropriated .-.... 211,000 $22,752 $122, 500 $19,165 $59, 300 3,337,087 Cost . - 210,176 23,620 1 59,907 79, 326 60,948 3,336,302 1 Includes $855,973 for new work and $45,230 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--.. $180,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------------------_ 180,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -- - --------- -_.-- 5,650,500 5. INDIANA HARBOR, IND. Location. Northwestern Indiana (Lake County),, on southwest shore of Lake Michigan,18 miles southeast of Chicago Harbor. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 755.) P'IrOious project. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910?.;For further details, see page 1943 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1520 of Annual-,,Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for- a. .A northerly rubble-mound breakwater 2,520 feet long, an easterly reinforced concrete-caisson breakwater 1,507 feet long, an extension. of this latter breakwater about 2,300 feet to the north, and the construction and placing of a lighthouse crib. b. An entrance channel generally 800 feet wide, with a depth of 28 feet at the outer end and 26 feet at the inner end. c. Dredging the anchorage and maneuver basin in the outer har- bor,to a depth of 26 feet, and the channel between the bulkhead fills in t. outer harboir to a depth of 25 feet. d2IWidening the main stem of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a 1126 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 bottom width of 260 feet with a depth of 22 feet from the outer harbor to The Forks, and dredging the Calumet River Branch from The Forks to 141st Street to the same width and depth. e. A channel 22 feet deep and 160 feet wide in the Lake George Branch from The Forks to White Oak Avenue. f. The maintenance of a channel 20 feet deep and 80 feet wide in the remainder of the Calumet River Branch south of the north line of 141st Street, except the removal of sewage deposits and other city refuse, after completion and acceptance from private parties. g. The construction of a turning basin at The Forks 22 feet deep. That part of the Calumet River Branch Channel from the north line of 141st Street to the Grand Calumet River has not as yet been completed by local interests or accepted for maintenance by the United States. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and tem- porary fluctuations of 0.1 to 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in barometric pressures, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $4,600,- 000, exclusive of amount expended in previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents S----- i June 25, 1910 Outer harbor and maintenance of inner harbor H. Doc. 1113, 60th Cong., 2d sess. channel. Mar. 4, 1913 Breakwaters ................................ .. ... H. Doe. 690, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Lighthouse crib, present length and alinement of the Rivers and Harbors Committee easterly and northerly breakwaters. Doe. 6, 65th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 20, 1922 Modified the length of channel to be maintained in Public 176, 67th Cong. extension to Lake George. Mar. 3, 1925 Authorized the Secretary of War to modify the proj- ect so far as relates to length and alinement of breakwaters and to sell to Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. approximately 1,180 linear feet of shore ward end of the existing north breakwater. July 3, 1930 Existing project channel width and depth in the Rivers and Harbors Committee Lake George Branch, turning basin at The Forks. Doec. 21, 71st Cong., 2d seas. June 30, 1932 Authorized the Secretary of War to sell to the Inland Public 219, 72d Cong. Steel Co. approximately 1,903 linear feet of the southerly end of the existing east breakwater. Aug. 30, 19351 Extension to easterly breakwater; dredging entrance Rivers and Harbors Committee channel and outer harbor; deepening channel Doe. 29, 72d Cong., 1st seas. between bulkhead fills; widening the main stem of the canal and the portion of the Calumet River Branch to 141st St. Aug. 26, 1937 Modified conditions of local cooperation required Rivers and Harbors Committee before enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal Doec. 13, 75th Cong., 1st sess.2 is undertaken by the United States. 'Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933, and July 25, 1934. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The act of August 26, 1937, provides that the enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal shall not be under- taken until local interests have furnished a right-of-way 300 feet RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1127 wide and have constructed substantial bulkheads along the chan- nel on the established lines shown on the map accompanying Rivers and Harbors Committee Document 13, 75th Congress, 1st session, provided that the improvement on one side may proceed in any section on fulfillment of the conditions for that side of the section, and provided further, that south of the turning basin at The Forks (beginning 450 feet south of the intersection of the present Calu- met Branch and main-stem bulkhead lines),widening and deep- ening by the United States shall be done only as the rights-of-way and bulkheads on at least one side of the channel are continuously provided southward from the above limit of the turning basin at The Forks. To provide for the 300-foot channel, a parcel of land (of about 4.6 acres), generally 100 feet wide, lying on the east side of the Calumet River Branch, commencing at the north side of 141st Street and extending northward toward The Forks for a distance of about 2,107 feet, has been conveyed to and accepted by the United States. Local interests have also con- structed about 1,350 feet of bulkhead along the east side of the Calumet River Branch, and have reconstructed the bulkhead on the west side from The Forks to 141st Street. The Defense Plant Corporation has built a bulkhead along the east side of the canal between the Pennsylvania Railroad Co.'s bridge and Dickey Place Bridge; the United States has widened and deepened the east side of this portion of the widening. All prior requirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 16 docks handling lake and river cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, petrol- eum products, limestone, iron and steel products, sand and gravel, and coal. There are no public docks in this harbor. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys, inspections, reports, and flue dust investigations were conducted by hired labor at a cost of $30,242. Dredging in the harbor and in the canal was performed, by contract, and 66,968 cubic yards of material were removed at a cost of $81,280, of which approxi- mately $66,600 was reimbursed by the U. S. Steel Company. The total cost for the fiscal year was $44,922 all maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 80 per- cent complete. The work remaining to be done to complete the existing project consists of completing the widening of the main stem of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a bottom width of 260 feet, with a depth of 22 feet from the outer harbor to The Forks; com- plete widening of the Calumet River Branch from The Forks to 141st Street to the same width and depth, and complete deepening and widening to full project dimensions of the upper 3,400 feet of the Lake George Branch. The north breakwater (rubble mound, 2,520 feet, completed in 1922) is in good condition except that some riprap is required. The east breakwater (concrete caisson, 1,507 feet, completed in 1926) and northerly extension (rubble mound, 2,324 feet, completed in 1935) are in good condi- tion except that some riprap is required. The controlling mid- channel depths are as follows: 26 to 28 feet in the entrance chan- nel parallel to the rubble mound breakwater and generally 21 feet or more in the outer harbor; 19.0 feet between thebulkheads 1128 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of the teel companies to the 5 bridges; 21.0 feet from the 5 bridges to the turning basin at The Forks; 25 feet in the turning basin at The Forks; from 20 feet at the basin entrance to 16 feet at a point 140 feet from the south side of the basin, in the turn- ing basin east of Canal Street; 22.2 feet from the turning basin at The Forks to 141st Street Bridge; and 22.0 feet from the turn- ing basin to 750 feet above the Indianapolis Boulevard bridge, on the Lake George Branch. Depths are based upon soundings taken April 1951, February 1954, March 1954, and June 1954 and are referred to low-water datum. The mean level in June .1954:was 3.03 feet above datum. The head of navigation for commercial vessels is at the Baltimore & Ohio Terminal Railroad Bridge,-on the Lake George Branch, about 3 miles from the outer harbor, and at a point about 2,200 feet from The Forks on the Calumet River branch, about 2.5 miles from the outer harbor. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, all funds, were $5,749,398, of which $4,131,354 were regular funds and $1,618,044 Public Works funds; $3,628,688 being for new work and $2,120,710 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . . .. . 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950' New work: Appropriated ..---.. ------- --------------- ---- ---------------------- -$3, 689,356 Cost _ _------------------------ .....-------------------- ------------ ---------3,689,356 Maintenance: Appropriated ..- - $93, 000 $101,000 . $92,000 $43, 465 $36, 400 2,123,913 Cost...----------------- 69,795 116,519 94,647 41,309 44,922 2,123,219 1 Includes $60,668 for new work and $2,509 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project -------------------- ___ _ $971,300 6. MICHIGAN CITY HARBOR, IND. Location. Northwestern Indiana (in La Porte County), on the southeasterly shore of Lake Michigan, 38 miles in a southeasterly direction from Chicago Harbor. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 75.) For descriptions, see page 1482 of Annual Report for 1932. Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of July 4, 1836, and work was continued under this project until 1870. For further details, see page 1944 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1524 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for- a. A detached breakwater, east and west entrance piers, and a dredged channel, 120 to 150 feet wide and 18 feet deep, from Lake Michigan to the upper of two turning basins, which are also to have a depth of 18 feet. b. The repair and restoration of the westerly 1,000 feet of the old east breakwater. c. Dredging an anchorage shoreward of the restored section to RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1129 a depth of 12 feet in the northerly portion and 8 feet in the south- erly portion. d. Enlarging the entrance to this basin through the east pier to a width of 66 feet. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Michigan, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide' at New York. Seasonal fluctuations in mean stage from low water in winter to high water in summer average about 1.2 feet. Local and tem- porary fluctuations of 0.1 and 0.5 foot, due to wind and difference in barometric pressures, occur daily. Seiches of 3 to 4 feet occur at infrequent intervals. The cost for new work for the completed project was $1,212,385, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $35,500. The existing project is based on the following reports and River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents - East breakwater and old east pier enclosing the outer Recoinmendation of a Board of basin. Engineers, Annual Report, 1870, p. 123. Extension of east pier--- _, _- Reports of Boards of Engineers, Annual Report, 1881, pp. 2187- 2189; Annual Report, 1882, pp. 2264-2266. Mar: 3, 1899 Extension of east pier and construction of detached Annual Report, 1897, pp. 2903-2904. breakwater. Mar. 3, 1905 Lower turning basin._______ Rebuilding of the west pier as at present located. Joint resolution of Congress ap- Present project dimensions of entrance channel. proved May 13, 1908, Public 23. Jan. 21, 1927 Existing project depth in channel, and in lower and H. Doe. 279, 69th Cong., 1st sess. middle turning basins, elimination of the improve- ment of Trail Creek above the middle turning basin and of the uncompleted portion of the de- tached breakwater, abandonment of east break- water and old east pier enclosing the outer basin. Aug. 30, 1935 Restoration and repair of westerly 1,000 feet of east Rivers and Harbors Committee breakwater, dredging outer basin, and enlarging Doc. 34, 74th Cong., 1st sess. the entrance to the basin through the east pier. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 4 fish docks in this project. The only commodity handled at this harbor is fresh fish. There are 2 small boatyards, which repair and construct recreationial craft only. The one public dock is owned by the city and has not been used for commercial purposes to date. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys, inspections and reports, were performed by hired labor at a cost of $2,875. Stone placement for breakwater repair was performed by contract at a cost of $26,313. Repairs to detached breakwater were performed by contract at a cost of $27,955. The total costs for the fiscal year were $57,143, all maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted, in December 1936. Concrete superstructure, 1,304 feet, on the detached breakwater, completed in 1925, is in fair condi- tion, and the entrance piers, completed in 1931, are in good condi- tion. Under permit from the Secretary of War, the Northern Indiana Public Service Co., has removed 615 feet of the inner end of the west pier and about 719 feet of the bulkhead south of the 1130 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 pier, and has replaced them with a steel-sheet pile bulkhead lo- cated landward of the former dock line. The area channelward of the new bulkhead was dredged by the permittee to 18 feet. Depths in the entrance channel up to the Franklin Street Bridge vary from 11 to 25 feet. Between the Franklin Street Bridge and the turning basin at the head of the project, the depths vary from 1.0 to 15.0 feet in a channel about 60 feet wide, except in the draws of the Michigan Central Railroad Company's Bridge where the width is about 40 feet. The turning basin at the head of the project has shoaled above datum. Available anchorage depths in the basin are 12 feet in the northerly portion and 8 feet in the southerly portion. Depths are based upon soundings taken during June 1953 and are referred to low-water datum. The mean water level in June 1954 was 3.03 feet above the datum. The head of navigation for commercial vessels is the turning basin at the head of the project, 1.04 miles above the outer end of the west pier. Above this point, depths are only sufficient for small launches. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, were $2,631,214 of which $1,212,385 were for new work and $1,418,829 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -----------.- ----------- -- ----------------- -------------- - 1 $1, 499,774 Cost......--------------------------------------------- ----------------------- 1,499,774 Maintenance: Appropriated- ..-- -- $22, 500 -$1,742 $2, 500 $3, 100 $92, 400 1,454,286 Cost .... ...-----------------37, 524 ------------ - 2,441 2,959 57,143 1,418,829 1 Includes $287,389 for new work for previous projects. 7. ILLINOIS WATERWAY, ILL. AND IND. Location. The Illinois River (entirely within the State of Il- linois), formed by the confluence of the Kankakee and the Des Plaines Rivers, flows in a southwesterly direction and enters the Mississippi at Grafton, Ill., about 38 miles above St. Louis. The Illinois Waterway comprises the Illinois River from its mouth t.the confluence of the Kankakee and Des Plaines Rivers, a distance of 273 miles; the Des Plaines River to Lockport, a dis- tance of 18.1 miles, and the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and the south branch of the Chicago River to Lake Street, Chicago, a distance of 34.5 miles. Also from a point 12.4 miles above Lock- port, Ill., the waterway comprises the Calumet-Sag Channel and the Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers to turning basin 5, near the entrance to Lake Calumet, a distance of 23.8 miles; and the Grand Calumet River from the junction to 141st Street, deep (lake) draft navigation, a distance of 9 miles, and to Clark Street, Gary, Ind., a distance of 4.2 miles. RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1131 Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, April 10, 1869, July 11, 1870, June 14, 1880, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1945 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1172 of An- nual Report for 1932. Existing project. This project provides for the construction of 9 locks and 6 dams; dredging a navigation channel with least di- mensions of 9 feet in depth and 300 feet in width from the mouth of Waterway at Grafton, Ill., to Lockport, Ill., a distance of 291.1 miles; a navigable channel depth of not less than 9 feet of the present width, from Lockport to the controlling works, a distance of 2 miles; a channel with usable depth of 9 feet and width of 225 feet, from the controlling works to its junction with the Calu- met-Sag Channel, a distance of 10.4 miles; thence in the Calu- met-Sag Channel to the present lock in Blue Island, Ill., a distance of 16 miles; a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the Calu- met and Little Calumet Rivers, from the lock in Blue Island to turning basin 5, a distance of 7.8 miles. Also a channel with usable depth of 9 feet and a width of 225 feet along the general route of the Grand Calumet River from its junction with the Little Calumet River to and in the Indiana Harbor Canal to 141st Street, East Chicago, Ind., a distance of 9 miles. Also from the junc- tion of the Indiana Harbor Canal and the Grand 'Calumet River, a channel in that river of usable depth of 9 feet and a width of 160 feet to Clark Street in Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark Street, a distance of 4.2 miles. Also, the removal of the controlling lock at Blue Island, Ill., and construction of a control- ling works in Calumet River near its head, and similar structures in the proposed Grand Calumet Channel west of the Indiana Har- bor Canal; alteration or elimination of railroad bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, or the construction of new railroad bridges, to provide suitable clearances, with apportionment of the costs between the bridge owners and the United States, in general accordance with the pro- visions of section 6 of Public Law 647, 76th Congress; and making at the expense of the United States all fixed span bridges across the waterway, between McDonough Street, in Joliet, and turning basin 5, capable of conversion to lift bridges having vertical clear- ance of not less than 40 feet. The project also provides for a navigable channel depth of not less than 9 feet of the present width from the Calumet-Sag Junction to Lake Street, Chicago, via the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and south branch of the Chicago River, a distance of 22.1 miles. Provision is also made for a small boat harbor in the vicinity of Peoria, Ill., by construc- tion of a basin 510 by 250 feet, dredged to a depth of 7 feet and protected by an earth embankment riprapped on the lakeside. The total length of the project from the mouth to Lake Street, Chicago, is 325.6 miles, to turning basin 5, is 327.3 miles, to 141st Street, Chicago, is 325.6 miles, to turning basin 5, is 327.3 miles, to 141st Street, is 334.7 miles, and to Clark Street in Gary, Ind., is 336 miles. 1132 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The estimated cost of new work, revised in 1954, is $155,800,- 000. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for the operat- ing and care of locks and dams is $1,040,000 annually, and for channel maintenance $650,000 annually. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 Channel 9 feet deep and 200 feet wide from mouth of Rivers and Harbors Committee Illinois River to Utica, 231 miles, modification of Doc. 4, 69th Cong., 1st sess., and the 2 United States locks and dams, removal of the S. Doc. 130, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 2 State dams. (Act authorized appropriation of not to exceed $3,500,000 for carrying on the work.) July 3, 1930 Channel depth of 9 feet from Utica, Ill., to the heads S. Doc. 126, 71st Cong., 2d sess. of the present Federal projects on the Chicago and Calumet Rivers, distances of 94.6 miles to Lake St. and 96.3 miles to turning basin 5, respectively, to be secured by means of completed dams, locks, lateral canals, and dredging begun by the State of Illinois in general accordance with the present plans of the State for that work. The act in adopting the project authorized the appropriation of not to exceed $7,500,000 for carrying on the work. June 26, 19341 Operation and care of the locks and dams provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. 2 Aug. 30, 1935 Construction of modern locks and dams at La Grange H. Doc. 184, 73d Cong., 2d sess. and Peoria and for a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide below Lockport, the exact location and details of design of all structures to be left to the discretion of the Chief of Engineers, and, for the time being, that no change be made in the water authorized for navigation of the Illinois River by act of July 3, 1930. Augi 30, 1935 3 This act also provides for 3 passing places along the H. Doc. 180, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Sag Channel and the authorized channel in the Calumet-Sag route to turning basin 5, and dredging at entrance of Lake Calumet. June 14, 1937 Realinement of portion of Calumet River and aban- Rivers and Harbors Committee (Publl. Res. donment of bypassed section of the Calumet River. Doc. 19, 75th Cong., 1st sess. 42> June 20, 1938 Modifies requirements of "local cooperation" in act Public, 685, 75th Cong., 3d sess. of Aug. 30, 1935. Oct. 23, 1943 Payment of damages to levee and drainage districts H. Doe. 711, 77th Cong., 2d sess. due to seepage and other factors, amount not to exceed $303,500. RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1133 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1945 Enlarge the Calumet-Sag Channel to a width of 160 H. Doe. 145, 76th Cong., 1st sess. feet and to a usable depth of 9 feet. Dredge a barge channel 160 feet in width with a usable depth of 9 feet in the Grand Calumet and Little Calumet River branch of the Indiana Harbor Canal to deep (lake) draft through 141st St., East Chicago, Ind. Construct in the Little Calumet River a lock of suitable dimensions for barge navigation. Rebuild or otherwise alter at Federal expenge all obstructive railroad bridges across the Calumet-Sag Channel, Little Calumet River, Calumet River, Grand Calumet River, and Indiana Harbor Canal, so as to provide suitable clearance, except that no Federal funds shall be expended for removal or alteration of the Illinois Central R.R. bridge at mile 11.20 of the Little Calumet River. July 24, 1946 Substitutes the following work for that authorized by H. Doc. 677, 79th Cong., 2d sess. act of Mar. 2, 1945; Replacement of emergency dam in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; enlarge- emnt of that canal thence to Sag Junction and of Calumet-Sag Channel to afford channels 225 feet wide with usable depth of 9 feet; construction along the general route of Grand Calumet River of a channel with usable depth of 9 feet, 225 feet wide between Little Calumet River and the junction with the Indiana Harbor Canal and 160 feet wide thence to Clark St., Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark St.; enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a width of 225 feet and usable depth of 9 feet between Grand Calumet River and the vicinity of 141st St., inclusive; removal of Blue Island lock and construction of a lock and control works in Calumet River near its head, and of similar structures in the proposed Grand Calu- met Channel west of the Indiana Harbor Canal; alteration or elimination of railroad bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, or the construction of new railroad bridges, to provide suitable clearances. July 24, 1946 Provide for a small-boat harbor in the vicinity of H. Doc. 698, 79th Cong., d:sess. Peoria, Ill., by construction of a basin 510 by 250 feet, dredged to a depth of 7 feet. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Contains latest published map of Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers. 3 Included, in part, in the Public Works Administration program, Oct. 31, 1934, and Feb. 28, 1935. The latest published map and profile :of the Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers are contained in House Document 184, 73d Con- gress, 2nd session, and a map of the Calumet-Sag Channel is printed in House Document 145, 76th Congress, 1st session. Pertinent data for existing and proposed locks and dams are given in the following table: Lock Location Dimensions Depth on miter sills at Dimensions low water 1 Name Available Miles Width of length Lift at low Lower Upper b above Nearest town chamber for full waterI (fee mouth (feet) width (feet) t) (feet) 0 (feet) La Grange _________ 80.2 7.8 miles below Beardstown, Ill........... _ 110-- 600 10.0 13.0 15. 5 15.5 Peoria_.._..______ __ 157.7 4.1 miles below Peoria, Ill.._____________________ 110 600 11.0 12.0 Starved Rock..-... 231.0 Utica, Ill-....- . ......----------------------- 110 600 18.5 14.0 16.85 0 Marseilles ........... ------------------ 244.6 Marseilles Ill _---------------------------------_110 600 24.25 14.0 18.6 Dresden Island ----- ------------------ -- 271.5 Morris, Ili ------------------------------ 110 600 I 21. 75 12.25 16. 85 Brandon Road ..... Lockport- .......... ------------------ ------------------ 286.0 291.1 Joliet, Ill_.......__-___.......-- ....--..__ ___ Lockport, Ill.......................--------------------------------- 110 110 600 600 34.0 30.5-39.5 13.8 15.0 17.85 11.5-22.0 C12 Calumet River 3s... ------------------ 326.4 Chicago, Ill...------.......---..............-----------..110 950 ------------... 14.0 14.0 LOx Grand Calumet 3_ ------------------ 329.5 Hammond, Ind ...---------------.................. --- 110 950 -I 14.0 14.0 Lock-Continued Dam Estimated z Percent- Year of cost to United age of r1 Name comple- States under Type of con- Character of Character of complen tion existing Kind Type of construction struction foundation foundation project Illinois River, mouth to Utica; -- j~---_ - --- ----- ----- _-- ----- --- __ ------- ..... --.....- - - -----.. $2, 773,499 Channel improvement by dredging in the Illinois River below Starved Rock, modifi- cation of 2 United States locks and dams. and for the removal of the 2 State darns. - La Grange ... . Concrete Piles in sand Movable (wicket type Concrete and timber .......... Piles in sand - 100 1939 42, 744, 592 and weir with A-frame Peoria--------------_---__----____-------- _____________do- Movabl crest) (wicket type) do------------------- ---- do 100 1939 43,381,030 Starved Rock ------------- do...... Rock........Movable (Tainter gates) Concrete and structural steel._ Rock-........... 100 1933 4 885,315 Marseilles ...----------- ....---------- do---------.........do---------do......... .... do...........--------------.do-----------------......................... ..... do.......... 100 1933 41,853,725 Dresden Island ---. --....--... do..- do...---... do -.............---- do -- ______- ---........... do....... 100 1933 2,503,376 Brandon Road ........ -do............ . ... do-. '....do .-----...---... -- do ..........................--. ----- - do....... . 100 1933 '2,031,683 Lookport....------------------.-----do- ..---- do-_........Movable (sector gates) a- .... do.------ ..----------------....do .......... 100 1933 4 133 608 Proposed lock in Calumet River__ Concrete Piles in clay-. Fixed 6. . Concrete and sheet piling .-- Piles in clay - -------- 1 4, 315, 000 and sheet piling. Proposed lock in Grand Calumet ...- - do . . do .. do - .... do.............. ... do-......... .. _... . . ... do..._ . .. .. 4.... 4,305,000 Channel. Proposed replacement of emer- . (Movable vertical lift Structural Steel--.--- Rock ------- 1,056, 300 gency dam. type.) Lock and dam equipment -...--- - - - - - 1,666,700 Total, locks and dams ..... --- i 7 , 649, 828 27-----------, C ADDITIONAL FEATURES ENTERING INTO COST OF PROJECT Dredging: L ittle Calu m et a nd C alum et R ivers .-- - - --------------- ..... ....----. $2, 135, 3 68 Calumet-Sag, 3 passing places - - .- 813,419 8------------------------- Starved Rock to Lockport ....--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Starved Rock to Grafton ...- ----------------------- .-- 4,309,308 3- 3,077, 683 z Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal.......------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- 13,423,000 Calumet-Sag Channel....3310---------00-----------.------------0__- - ----------- _-------. _--..--_- . .. ... . .33,531,000 00--------... Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Canal ------------------- 6 053,000 d Peoria small-boat harbor -..-------------- --.. 2, 97------------------------------------- 24,937 Protection piers at all locks - .......... . - . -... . . . . . . . . - . . .- 77, 633 Calumet-Sag Channel, advance planning . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- 3,000,000 Rebuilding railway bridges: 0 LCalumet-Sag Channel-........................ . . . . . . 23,249, 000 Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers .. .- . .. .. ..------- ---............ 17, 020, 000 Grand Calumet River and Indiana Harbor Canal- - .----- ----------------------- 20,153, 370 Removal of Blue Island lock _ St. Louis, Mo., district ... -------------------------- - _- - - - - - - ---------------- - - . . . . . . . . .118,000 -------------------------- 1,140,684 , W Miscellaneous._ _- - - -- 23,800 Total additional features ---------------------------------- --- - - ---- ___---- -- 128,150,172 O Total existing project..--- _...---...... _ ---------------------- ------------------ ... ----- 55,800,000 0----0--------------------------------- 15,------------ 1 Lifts and depths on miter sills are those obtained with flat pools. + Actual cost. H 3 Variation in lift and depth on upper miter sill at Lockport is due to fluctuation 5 6 dams conpleted by Corps of Engineers; the 48-foot bear trap at Lockport completed of water surface in the sanitary District Canal. by State of Illinois. H= 3 Proposed. 6 Control works. Ut 1136 REPORT OF CHIEF OF: ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, modified the existing project subject to the condition that the State of Illinois transfer to the United Sates without cost all rights and titles in the two State-owned dams on the Illinois River, and that local interests furnish the United States without cost all necessary areas for the disposal of materials dredged in creating and main- taining the channel authorized (S. Doc. 130, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). By deed dated March 28, 1928, the State of Illinois transferred these locks and dams to the United States. Permission has been granted by many riparian landowners for use of their lands for the disposal of dredged material. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, modified the existing project subject to the following provisions: That the project thus adopted shall be in all its parts a navigable waterway of the United States, forever free to the public use of all, unencumbered: by any tolls or restrictions of any kind whatsoever except such as may be imposed by Congress; that the State of Illinois shall proceed, sub- ject to the supervision and approval of all expenditures and obli- gations by the Secretary of the Army, to construct the highway bridges at Brandon Road and Marseilles Canal, to make the neces- sary alterations in other highway bridges across the Illinois Water- way, to make the necessary arrangements and agreements for the alterations of the railroad bridges across said waterway, and to do such other work on said waterway as the Secretary of the Army shall direct and .the available funds of the State make possible, the bridges mentioned not to become the property of the United States, and no obligations to be incurred by the United States to maintain, operate, or replace them; and that no claim shall lie against the United States because of any contractual obligations which have been or may be entered into by the State of Illinois as regards the construction of a waterway between Utica apd Lake Michigan (S. Doc. 126, 71st Cong., 2d sess.). - The State of Illinois appropriated $20,000,000 for the .c nstruc- tion of a waterway providing minimum 8-foot depths in channels not less than 150 feet wide, from the upper end of the Federal project on the Illinois River, to Lockport. The lock and dam at Starved Rock was about 95 percent complete, the Marseilles lock was about 95 percent, the Marseilles Canal 98 percent, Dresden Island lock and dam about 20 percent, Brandon Road lock and dam about 70 percent, and the Lockport lock about 95 percent complete, before the passage of the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, provides that local interests furnish to the United States, free of cost, all necessary land to effect the improvements recommended in House Docu- ment 180, 73d Congress, 2d session, and install operating machin- ery and place in operating condition the three drawbridges across the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal between its junction with the Calumet-Sag Channel and Lockport when directed by the Sec- retary of the Army. All requirements have been met except for the installation of operating machinery in the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway bridge at Lemont, Ill. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, superseded the pro- RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1137 visions of River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, and provided that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements and rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas neces- sary for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, including the alteration of utilities as necessary, with the exception of such land needed for the waterway as is now oc- cupied by abutments or railroad tracks at the approaches to rail- road bridges; and agree to remove at their own expense, or satis- factorily alter, the highway bridges across Des Plaines River at McDonough and Cass Streets (Joliet) across the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal at 16th Street (Lockport), Romeo Road, and Le- mont Road, and all highway and street bridges across the chan- nels included in the project lakeward of Sag Junction which, in the opinion of the Secretary of the Army, constitute unreason- able obstructions to navigation; construct all necessary new high- way, street, or foot bridges across these channels; agree to pro- vide near Clark Street, Gary, Ind., an adequate public barge-rail- truck terminal open to all on equal terms;,.and that the several sections of the proposed channel may be improved as separate units when considered advisable by the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers after local interests have provided, or furnished assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide the cooperation required for any unit. The city of Chicago has supplied informal assurances that it will furnish the lands required between 130th and 138th Streets for the Calumet River lock site and appurtenances. Local cooperation required for the small boat harbor at Peoria, Illinois, authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, has been fully complied with. Terminal.facilities. Of the 13 principal cities and towns along the Illinois River, about 5 own dock frontage, more or less im- proved for boat landings; 4 own dock frontage with no improve- ments; and 4 own no frontage except at street ends. At Peoria, the largest city on the river, there is a $400,000 mod- ern river-rail municipal public terminal having an available front- age of 1,100 feet; 205 feet are occupied by a dock house and 190 feet by an open dock. The dock house is served by a wharf boat 45 feet by 230 feet, and an escalator capable of handling 1,000 tons a day. This terminal is served by the equivalent of a belt line railroad. Grain elevators are available at 26 points between Graf- ton and Joliet. Private coal loading terminals are located at Havana, Liverpool, Copperas Creek, and Kingston Lake. Coal- unloading terminals are located at Havana, at the mouth of the Vermilion River near La Salle, and at Joliet; and a cement load- ing plant is located at the mouth of the Vermilion River near La Salle, and one at Peru. Bulk-petroleum terminals are located at Havana, Kingston Mines, Peoria, Peru, Seneca, and Joliet. Sand and gravel plants are located at Kingston Lake, Chillicothe, Henry, Ottawa, Morris, Joliet, and Lockport. A barge construction yard, launching ways, and shipyard are lo- cated at Seneca. From the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, sand, gravel, oil, and gasoline are shipped from Lockport, and petroleum products 1138 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 and stone from Lemont. Bulk-petroleum terminals are located at Argo and Forest View, Ill., and at California Avenue, Cicero Ave- nue, and Kedzie Avenue, Chicago; and a liquid industrial-chemicals terminal is located at Cicero Avenue in Stickney, Ill. Private coal- unloading terminals are located at Ridgeland Avenue, Crawford Avenue, Loomis Street, Fisk Street, and Addison Street, Chicago. At Western Avenue, Chicago, bulk and package freight are handled through the North Pier River barge terminal. The State of Illinois barge terminal, including a 1,500,000-bushel grain ele- vator, is located at Damen Avenue, Chicago, on the South Branch of the Chicago River. Two sand and gravel distribution yards are located on the Calumet-Sag Channel. A petroleum unloading ter- minal is located on the Little Calumet River at Riverdale, just upstream from the junction with the Sag Channel; and two petro- leum terminals are located at Homan Avenue in Blue Island. Plans for further terminals and docks between Grafton and Chi- cago are underway. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Main stem modifications: Contracts for construction of spare miter gate sections, anchorages, and structural steel sectional bulkhead were continued at a cost of $450,863. Anchorages for gate lifting devices were installed by hired labor at a cost of $3,517. Miscellaneous hired labor work was accomplished at a cost of $2,058. Payment was made to the Nutwood Drainage and Levee Dis- trict, Illinois, in the amount of $107,683 for rectification of dam- ages caused by pool No. 26 (Alton). Calumet-Sag modificationi: Design memorandum, plans and specifications for dredging in Part I, plans and specifications for the G.M. & O. Bridge, and plans and specifications for the Calumet River lock were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $22,733. Maintenance: Alton pool: Condition surveys, inspections, and reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $14,422 with pending adjustments of $3,733. All pools above Alton pool: Condition and operation studies, inspections and reports, by hired labor, were accomplished at a cost of $165,103. Dredging was performed by contract in the Calumet-Sag Channel and Little Calumet River between miles 315.9 and 320.2 at a cost of $60,861, with 85,943 cubic yards of material removed. Dredging was performed by contract in La- Grange Pool between miles 133.0 and 137.5, at a cost of $62,273, with 202,141 cubic yards of material removed. Channel dredging was accomplished by hired labor and Government plant at a cost of $44,093, with 43,195 cubic yards of material removed. Operatingand care of locks and dams: The locks and dams were operated as required and the necessary repairs made thereto and to appurtenant structures at a cost of $1,719,685. The total cost for the fiscal year was $2,657,024 of which $586,- 854 was for new work, and $2,070,170 for operation and mainte- nance of locks, dams, and canals. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, exclusive of the Calumet-Sag Modification, is 93 percent complete. The proj- ect as a whole, including the recent Calumet-Sag Modification, is RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1139 21 percent complete. Seven locks and 6 dams have been completed, and there is a channel 300 feet wide and 9 feet deep between Graf- ton and Lockport, Ill., with the exception of Marseilles Canal which is 200 feet wide. The three passing places in the Calumet- Sag Channel, and dredging to widen the channel in the Calumet and Little Calumet Rivers, are complete. A small-boat harbor has been provided at Peoria, Ill. A navigable channel now exists connecting the Mississippi River at Grafton, Ill., with Lake Michigan, via the Illinois and Des Plaines Rivers, the Chicago Sanitay and Ship Canal, and the Chicago River, with a secondary outlet to Lake Michigan via the Calumet-Sag Channel and the Little Calumet and Calumet Rivers. The controlling depth of the river as it pre- vails is 9 feet during extreme low water. The limiting bridge clearance in the reach from Grafton to Utica, Ill., is 114 feet. The limiting horizontal clearance which occurs at bridges between Utica and Lockport, Ill., is 110 feet. The limiting horizontal clear- ance which occurs between Lockport and Lake Michigan, via the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and the Chicago River, is 80 feet at the Emergency (Butterfly) Dam, mile 293.1. The limiting horizontal clearance which occurs at bridges between Lockport and turning basin 5 in the Calumet River, via the Chicago Sani- tary and Ship Canal, the Calumet-Sag Channel, Little Calumet and the Calumet River, is 50 feet. The following work remains to be done. Preliminary surveys, planning, designs, completion of con- struction of emergency lock and dam equipment, dredging to pro- vide a channel 9 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with adequate widening at critical points and bends from Grafton, Ill., to Lock- port Lock; and improvement of the Calumet-Sag Channel as fol- lows: (1) replacement of the emergency (Butterfly) dam in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal; (2) enlargement of that canal to Sag Junction, and of the Calumet-Sag Channel, to afford chan- nels 225 feet wide with usable depth of 9 feet; (3) construction along the general route of the Grand Calumet River of a channel with usable depth of 9 feet, 225 feet wide between Little Calumet River and the junction with the Indiana Harbor Canal, and 160 feet wide thence to Clark Street, Gary, Ind., with a turning basin at Clark Street; (4) enlargement of the Indiana Harbor Canal to a width of 225 feet and usable depth of 9 feet between Grand Calumet River and the vicinity of 141st Street, inclusive; (5) removal of Blue Island Lock and construction of a lock and con- trol works in Calumet River near its head and of similar struc- tures in the proposed Grand Calumet Channel west of the In- diana Harbor Canal; (6) alteration or elimination of railroad bridges across these channels lakeward of the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, or the construction of new railroad bridges to provide suitable clearances, with apportionment of the costs be- tween the bridge owners and the United States in accordance with the principles set forth in agreement dated February 23, 1945. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, with regu- lar funds was $45,210,422, of which $23,211,462 was for new work, $8,228,502 for maintenance, and $13,770,458 for operating and care of locks and dams. The above includes the sum of $1,- 735,890 expended between 1927 and 1936 on the operation and 1140 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. With Pub- lic Works funds, the cost was $3,960,735 for new work. With Emergency Relief funds, the cost was $1,858,936 for new work. The grand total cost, all funds, was $51,030,093, of which $29,- 031,133 was for new work, $8,228,502 for maintenance and $13,- 770,458 for operating and care. The above includes the sum of $1,735,890 expended between 1927 and 1936 on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated $ 650,000 $ 700,000 $ 203,860 $ 130,250 $ 182,683 $31,823,959 Cost- 266, 196 403, 794 208, 806 535, 236 586, 854 31, 600, 234 Maintenance: Appropriated_ 1,399,000 1,825,800 1,660, 000 1,830,623 1,896, 898 23,216,514 Cost_ - - 1,388,784 1,757,929 1,490,403 1,858,936 2,070,170 23,027,428 1 Includes $2,569,102 for new work and $1,028,468 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $52,993 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__.... 40,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 92,993 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_____ _ _ ___ 126,505,100 8. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS i i Cost to June 30, 1954 For last EStimated full report amount Name of project see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Lake Calumet, Ill ______ 1952 $405,011 11,840 2. New Buffalo Harbor, Mich.' - 2 1885 83,000 - - 1 No commerce reported. 2 Abandonment recommended in 1868. 9.. FARM CREEK, ILL. Location. The Farm Creek watershed in Tazewell County, Ill., is 60 square miles in extent. The stream empties into the Illinois Waterway at mile 162 above the mouth. Existing project. The project involves the construction of two compacted-earth flood-detention dams, the Fondulac Dam on Fon- FLOOD CONTROL-CHICAGO., 'LL., DISTRICT 1141 dulac Creek, Tazewell County, Ill., approximately 1.5 miles east- erly of East Peoria, Ill., and Farmdale Dam on Farm Creek, Taze- wel County, Ill., approximately 2.5 miles easterly of East Peoria, Ill., and improvements to Farm Creek, Cole Creek, and Kerfoot Creek channels in East Peoria, Ill. The Fondulac Dam has a maximum height of 67 feet above the river bed and a reservoir capacity of 3,780 acre-feet. The Farmdale Dam has a maximum height of 80 feet above the river bed and a reservoir capacity of 1:5,500 acre-feet. Linear feet of channel improvements are Farm Creek, 12,000 feet; Cole Creek, 1,875 feet; Kerfoot Creek, 900 feet. The project when completed will provide complete protection to the residential, business, and highly developed industrial areas of East Peoria, Ill., against design flows in Farm, Cole, kerfoot, and Dempsey Creeks having expected frequency of occurrence of once in about.-100 years. The current.:estimated construction cost (1954) rIs:$9,838,000, including lands and damages with $11,800 annually for maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 ; (See H. Doc. 802;-17th, Cong., 2d sess.) Local ooperation. Local interests have given assurances that they will provide adequate maintenance of channels existing to be constructed, prescribed and enforce such regulations as may be necihsary to prevent encroachments, and provide the rights-of- way and perform the highway bridge alterations required"f6r'the proposed channel improvements. Final assurances of localFco- operation were accepted by the Chief of Engineers on February 17, 1950. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Work on acquisition of lands for Farmdale and for the Chiannel Improve- ments was continued. Agreement with the T. P. & W: RR., and construction of Farm Creek Channel Improvements were con- tinued; both by contract, and miscellaneous work' was accom- plished by hired labor. The total cost of new work was $1,028,733. Maintenance: Maintenance of remedial works at Fondulac was conducted by hired labor at a cost of $19,360. Total cost for the fiscal year was $1,048,093. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 99 percent com- plete. Construction was initiated in August 1947, with the esti- mated date of completion in September 1954. Preliminary studies, designs, and plans and specifications, by hired labor, are complete. Fondulac Dam and Farmdale Dam are both 100 per- cent complete. Construction of Farm Creek Channel Improve- ments is 98 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of Channel Improvements, miscellaneous hired labor work, and the agreement with the T. P. & W. RR. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $9,890,132, of which $9,839,772 were for new work and $50,360 for maintenance. 1142 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 to1950 prior New work: -_ Appropriated ..... $1,860,200 $ 900,000 $1,500,000 $ 771,500 -$275,147 $9,951,553 Cost--------------- ................2,962,280 1,314, 610 672,606 1,191,061 1,028,733 9,839,772 Maintenance: Appropriated........ .... 10,000 11,000 10,000 19,400 50,400 Cst-...-__............... ... 8,440 11,619 ,10941 19,360 50,360 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $18,593 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- 18,593 10 LACEY LANGELLIER, WEST MATANZAS, AND KERTON VALLEY DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICTS, ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. Location. In Fulton County, Ill., on the right or west bank of the Illinois River between miles 11.8 and 119.3 above the mouth, and bounded by the Illinois River, Otter Creek, State Highway 10, and the bluffs. Existing project. The project involves the enlargement of 1.6 miles of upper flank levee, raising and enlargement of 7.7 miles of riverfront levee, degrading of 1.2 miles of existing riverfront levee, raising and enlargement of 4 miles of lower flank levee, and alterations to existing pumping stations. The project when com- pleted will afford additional flood protection to approximately 7,800 acres of highly productive farmland and improvements. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See H. Doc. 182, 72d Cong., 1st sess.) The cost of the completed project is $1,234,024; lands and damages, $36,- 000; total $1,270,024. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Wave wash repairs were completed by hired labor. The total costs for the fiscal year were $44,327, all new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction is completed. Construction was initiated in November 1947 and was essentially completed in December 1949, by contracts. Wave wash repair by H.L. was completed in 1954. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,234,024, all new work. FLOOD CONTROL-CHICAGO., ILL., DISTRICT 1143 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -- $100, 000 $25, 000 $1, 235, 002 ost---------.... . $455,63 7,02 $3,861 20, 784 $44, 327 1,234,024 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 -_ $977 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------------------------------------------------------------- 977 11. COAL CREEK DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. Location. In Schuyler County, Ill., on the right or west bank of the Illinois River between miles 85 and 92 opposite the city of Beardstown, Ill. Existing project. The project involves the construction of ap- proximately 3.8 miles of setback levee; degrading of 1.9 miles of existing riverfront levee; enlargement of 0.1 mile of upper flank levee and construction of 130 feet of concrete wall; enlargement of 1.9 miles of riverfront levee, 2.4 miles of lower flank levee, and 0.4 mile of bluff levee; and alterations at highway bridge and to an existing pumping station. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Acts approved June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The levee degrading and the construction of the setback levee are described in House Document 182, 72d Congress, 1st session. For description of remaining items of the project, see Upper Missis- sippi River Basin, Chicago district. The cost of the completed project is $1,923,145, including $10,728 contributed funds; lands and damages, $72,000; total, $1,995,145. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Local interests have contributed the sum of $10,728 for raising a portion of Illinois State Highway 100 in connection with construction of the author- ized project. Operations and results during fiscal year. The total cost for the fiscal year was $59. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is complete. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $1,923,145, including $10,728 contributed funds. .1144 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ..__ $ 18, 000 -$95, 000 $46,500 1 -$4, 000 -$4, 483 $1,.912, 417 .Cost' - 940,650 21,066 6, 376 9, 964 59 1,91.2,417 1In addition $10,728 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 12. MOUTH OF SANGAMON RIVER, ILL. Location. The mouth of the Sangamon River is 98 miles above the mouth and on the east bank of the Illinois River, 9.4 miles above the Beardstown Highway bridge. This project extends for several miles upstream from the mouth of the river. This portion of the Sangamon River forms the boundary line between Mason County on the northwest and Cass County on the southwest. Existing project. This project provides for the excavation of a ntew boutlet :channel for the Sangamon River approximately 6.7 miles long and 200 feet wide extending from Hager Slough oni the Illinois River to mile 6.7 above the mouth of the Sangamon River, and a diversion channel and remedial works necessary for.the maintenance of a highwater table inidjacent wild game reserves. The cost of the completed Project is $768,273, including $7,183 contributed funds; lands and damages, $23,000; total, $791,273. Annual cost of maintenance, estimated in 1949, is $15,000.. 'The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, and described in House -Document 186, 72d Congr.esst1't session. Local.cooperation. Section:2 of the FloodControl Act appr Jine 28, 1938, ' applies. Local interests, h Aever, .provided all rights-of-way for the project in order: thaatadditional chainel work could be accomplished, and eop qbuted $7,183 for the pur- pose. Operationsand results during fiscal yiear Maintenance. Snag- ggg and clearing operations were conducted by hired labor at a cost f' $21,287. :The total costs for the fiscal year were $21,287, all maintenance. C..ondition at end of fiscal year. Construction is completed. 'the tOfal costs to June 30, 1954, including $7,183 contributed funds, FLOOD CONTROL--CHICAGO., ILL., DISTRICT 1145 were $812,260, of which $768,273 were for new work and $43,987 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated. -------- . ---------- . -- ----------- I - .....---- --- ----- ....- $761, 090 Cost-- $36, 523 $ 818 -$1, 556 $15,504-1 761, 090 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ 5, 800 5, 000 6, 000 5,900 $21, 700 44,400 Cost----------------- 119 4,718 9,154 8,709 21,287 43,987 1 In addition $7,183 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 13. BEARDSTOWN, ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. Location. Beardstown is located in Cass County, Ill., on the south bank of the Illinois River at river mile 89, about 70 miles below Peoria, Ill. Existing project. The project provides for construction of a new section of floodwall to replace that lost or damaged, and for raising, strengthening, and extending the remaining portion of the floodwall and adjacent levees, and the modification of existing levees in the adjacent Lost Creek, South Beardstown, and Valley Drainage and Levee districts. The project when completed will afford flood protection to the city of Beardstown and adjacent land against the maximum flood of record, having an expectancy of once in 80 years. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (see H. Doc. 332, 81st Cong.). The estimated cost, revised in 1954, is $4,120,000; lands and dam- ages, $50,000; total $4,170,000. :Local cooperation. Local interests have indicated that require- ments will be met. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Continuation of the Design Memorandum #1 was accomplished by H.L. at a cost of $31,364. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been started. The total costs to June 30, 1954, for planning were $52,882. 1146 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 . 1951.1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --------- ------------ ------ $30, 000 $30, 000 $60, 000 Cost - - - - 21,518 31,364 52,882 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $7, 118 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _.-... 400,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ -- amont-nededto-b-appopri--d-orcmp 407, 118 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project - 3,660,000 14. PEKIN-LA MARSH DRAINAGE AND LEVEE DISTRICT, ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. Location. On the right or west bank of the Illinois River, 149.6 to 155.2 miles above its mouth, and across the river from Pekin, Ill., which is 153 miles above the mouth. Existing project. This project involves the raising and enlarg- ing of approximately 5.6 miles of riverfront levee and 0.7 mile of flank levee along La Marsh Creek, and the construction of a iew flank levee along that creek. Additional flood protection will be provided for 3,010 acres of land and 1.6 miles of concrete high- way. Raising and strengthening the levee at three locations are estimated to cost $30,000, and will increase the total estimated construction cost to $172,800, plus lands and damages, $7,000. The existing project is one of 15 projects authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, providing for levee setbacks, improvements to floodway, and improvement of existing levees along the Illinois River and is described in House Document 182, 72d Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Work of raising and strengthening the levee was accomplished by contract at a cost of $24,385. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of work author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, about 6.9 miles of earth levee was completed in 1940. The work of raising and strengthening the levee is complete except for a bituminous impregnation of the ballast under the C. & N. W. Railway tracks. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $168,383. RIVERS AND HARBORS--CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1147 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - $30, 000 - $172, 788 cost s 24,3s5 s$s----------------ii1 16s,3s3 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - - $4,405 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955___-_ ____ 4,405 15. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN, CHICAGO DISTRICT Location. The Mississippi River Basin above the Ohio River, exclusive of the Missouri River Basin, in the Chicago district. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Upper Mississippi River Basin described in Flood Control Committee Document 1, 75th Congress, 1st session, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, and au- thorized $6,600,000 for reservoirs and $2,700,000 for local flood protection works on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers; the reservoirs and local proctection projects to be selected and ap- proved by the Chief of Engineers. The act specifically provides that the authorization shall include the enlargement and extension of a system of levees located on the south side of the Sangamon River east of Chandlerville, Ill., as set forth in House Document 604, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated the additional sum of $10,000,000 for prosecution of the comprehensive plan ap- proved in Act of June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized an additional appropriation of $10 mil- lion for prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The following individual projects located in the Chicago district were considered in the comprehensive plan: Estimated cost of reservoir Name-------_ _Chandlerville No. 2 reservoir.1 Tributary basin_.. Illinois. State Do. Total estimated cost 2 $45,300,000 Estimated or actual construction cost of levees Illinois River: South Beardstown and Valley levee and drainage districts, Illinois River, Ill----------------------------------- 3220,729.43 Crane Creek levee and drainage district, Illinois River, Ill ... _ . 68,897.65 Coal Creek drainage and levee district, Illinois River, Ill ...... 4 1,923,145.00 Iig Lake levee and drainage district, Illinois River, IlL - _ 144,909.89 1Recommended for abandonment in pending comprehensive flood control report for Illinois River and tributaries. SRevised in 1954, a Completed. See table "Inactive flood-control projects" on p. 1148 for reference to previous report. 4 See "Coal Creek drainage and levee district, Illinois River, Ill., on p. 1143 for further data. 1148 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 16. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report, amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. 1. Banner special drainage and levee district 1943 $274,822 (1) 2. Big Lake drainage and levee district-......... 1943 144,910 (1)7 3. Big Prairie drainage and levee district - - -- (2) ......... $177,000 4. Crane Creek drainage and levee district... - 1941 68,898 (1) 5. East Liverpool drainage and levee district .- 1941 207, 826 (1) 6. East Peoria drainage and levee district....... 1946 279, 963 (1) 7. Hennepin drainage and levee district-......... 1940 109,593 -(1) 8. Kelly Lake drainage and levee district--...... 1947 13,153 1,056,847 9. Liverpool drainage and levee district-......... 1943 117,731 3----- 1------- (1) 10. Lost Creek drainage and levee district 3 -- -------------- 1938 (1) (1) 11. Rocky Ford drainage and levee district- ..... 1941 108,797 (1) 12. Seahorn drainage and levee district-...------- 1945 32,281 (1) 13. South Beardstown and Valley drainage and 1943 220,729 (1) levee districts. 14. South Beardstown drainage and levee district- 1942 171,839 (1) 15. Spring Lake drainage and levee district-..---- 1941 185,980 (1) 16. Thompson Lake drainage and levee district_-- 1952 9,465 1, 040,535 KANKAKEE RIVER, ILL. AND IND. 17. Levee between Shelby Bridge and Baum's 1938 - 1,130,000 Bridge in Ind. SANGAMON RIVER, ILL. 18. Bell drainage district.............__ ------- 1946 1,112 168, 888 19. Clear Lake levee............._.. ____________ 1940 2,680 279,320 20. Farmers Levee and drainage district:-.......... 1942 155,562 -- I (1) 21. Levees east of Chandlerville -..... ......-... 1946 5,606 1,164, 394 22. Mason and Menard drainage district--_ -- 1940 93,808 (1) 23. Near Springfield on Sangamon River, Ill_ .- 1941 97, 743 24. Oakford special drainage district . - - 1940 38,417 25. Panther Creek levee - - 1938 229,000 26. Sangamon River and Salt Creek, Ill _. ---- 1938 51,000 27. Sangamon River, from mouth of Salt Creek to 1938 2,510,000 Roby, Ill. 28. Tar Creek Levee......._...... ___________ 1946 1,425 280,575 SALT CREEK, ILL. 29. Donovan Levee -......... - -__-____ 1945 1,821 113,179 30. East of Hubly Bridge____ 1945 572 72,428 31. Lussenhop levee.________ _________ 1945 116 43,884 32. Salt Creek in vicinity of Middletown, Ill -.--. 1940 48 218 952 33. Swiger, Whitney, Young-Hoblit levee _...... 1945 399 41,601 34. Watts levee ....... __...._- _.. _. 1945 1,031 -....- 138,969 1 Completed. 2 Never activated. 3 Reported previously by St. Louis District as completed under provisions of Sec. 6 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928. 17. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs and expenditures for the work during the fiscal year were $9,311 for navigation studies, $616 for flood control studies, and $15,705 for special studies; total, $25,632. There were no accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year. The unexpended balances at the end of the fiscal year amounting to $102 for navigation studies and $3,404 for spe- cial studies, a total of $3,506, will be applied to continuing work on the Illinois Waterway, Illinois and Indiana, 12-foot channel re- port, and the survey report on Great Lakes water levels. The ad- ditional sums of $7,000 for navigation studies, $62,100 for flood RIVERS AND HARBORS-CHICAGO, ILL., DISTRICT 1149 control studies, and $10,000 for special studies, a total of $79,100, can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1955. Coalection and study of basic data.: The cost of the work during the fiscal year was $4,993. The funds were used for hydrologic studies in the amount of $3,554 and for flood investigations in the amount of $1,439. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year amounting to $7 will be,applied to the continuation of hydrologic studies. The additional sum of $5,400 can be profit- ably expended during fiscal year 1955 for flood emergency and hydrologic studies, $4,400, and for flood investigations, $1,000. 18. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Purpose of inspections. Annual inspections are made with local interests, of all projects improved or extensively repaired at Fed- eral expense in order to determine compliance of local interests with assurances given to the United States regarding maintenance of the projects, to determine physical condition of the levees and appurtenances and to receive necessary information for use in flood emergencies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Inspection of 29 levees was made in the Chicago District involving approximately 177 miles of embankment. The cost of work during the year amounted to $5,982. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance Appropriated ...... $6,000 $4, 900 $7, 000 $6, 300 $24, 200 Cost_- 4,835 6,004 7, 029 5,982 23,850 19. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and Clearing of Navigable Streams and Tributaries in the interests of Flood Control (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). Channel straightening, removal of snags, brush, and other de- bris, were performed by hired labor at Indian Creek at a cost of $8,906. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-........ $78,000 $38,200 $20,000 $ 7,030 -$94 $193,336 Cost................. 35,454 47,009 49,101 29,216 8,906 193,336 Flood control emergencies-repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations) . 1150 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated--------$58,300 $182,014 -$983 -$304 $342,027 Cost.--_ ----- -- 48, 374 43,685 164,234 46,743 -5 342,027 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT This district comprises the eastern end of the upper, and eastern half of the lower, or southern peninsulas of Michigan, northwest- ern Ohio, and a small portion of northeastern Indiana, embracing the United States waters of Lakes Huron, St. Clair, and the west- ern end of Lake Erie with their tributary watersheds from the head of St. Marys River and the Straits of Mackinac to Sandusky Bay, exclusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. St. Marys River, Mich ----- 1151 12. Sebewaing, Sebewaing River, 2. St. Clair River, Mich .____. 1158 Mich--... - __---- 1179 3. Detroit River, Mich.--------- 1161 13. Red Run, Clinton River, 4. Au Sable Harbor and Harbor Mich------------------ 1180 of Refuge at Au Sable River 14. Inactive flood control projects_ 1182 (Oscoda), Mich-----------1165 15. General investigations---- -- 1182 5. Saginaw River, Mich ---- _ 1167 16. Inspection of completed flood 6. Port Austin Harbor, Mich-.- 1169 control works------------ 1182 7. Port Sanilac Harbor, MichL.. 1170 17. Flood control work under 8. Rouge River, Mich. 1172 special authorization------- 1183 9. Toledo Harbor, Ohio--------- 1175 10. Inactive navigation projects_ _ 1178 11. River and harbor work under special authorization------- 1178 1. ST. MARYS RIVER, MICH. Location. St. Marys River is about 63 miles long, and flows in a southeasterly direction between the State of Michigan and the Province of Ontario, Canada, from the eastern end of Lake Su- perior into the northern end of Lake Huron. (See U. S. Lake Sur- vey Charts Nos. 61, 62, and 63.) At Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., about 14 miles downstream from Lake Superior, are located four parallel locks and a hydroelectric power plant. Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of July 8, 1856, July 11, 1870, June 14, 1880, August 2, 1882, and August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1955, Annual Re- port for 1915, and page 1529, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for channels through St. Marys River, which, at low water datum, are suitable for vessels draw- ing 20 feet when upbound and 24 feet when downbound, with a least width of 500 feet in the upbound and 300 feet in the down- bound routes, and for channels between Lake Superior and the falls having minimum widths of 1,000 feet and a depth of 27 feet below low water datum through Round Island Shoals and Middle Ground and 26 feet through Vidal Shoals. The specific improve- ments include dredging shoals between the mouth of the river and Lake Munuscong; excavating channels from Lake Munuscong 1151 Sig 37-1151-1182 1152 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 to Lake Nicolet on either side of Neebish Island, a distance via West Neebish of 14 miles and via Middle Neebish 15 miles, the Middle Neebish, or upbound, route to have a least width of 500 feet, and the West Neebish, or downbound, route a least width of 300 feet; widening and deepening the west side of the channel in Lake Nicolet to a maximum width of 1,000 feet over a length of 5,500 feet, with a depth of 26.5 feet for anchorage and maneuver; dredging to widen and deepen the upper entrance channel into Lake Nicolet; dredging through shoals between the lower end of the ca- nals and the upper entrance to Lake Nicolet, including extension of anchorage and maneuver area below the locks and the widening of angle at black gas buoy No. 33; constructing compensating works at the falls; constructing remedial works at the inlet of the power canal of the Carbide Power Co.; deepening and widening the tail- race of the United States power plant and construction of the first step (14,000 kilowatt capacity) of a new hydroelectric power plant of 45,000 kilowatt ultimate capacity; constructing and operating four locks, two canals, and an emergency dam for each of the canals at the falls; including a new lock on site of Weitzel lock and replacement of Poe lock, removal of Bridge Island and struc- tures therein to' secure a depth of 27 feet at low water, deepening the approach channels and reconstruction of approach piers; widening and deepening the channels through Vidal Shoals; wid- ening the channel from Point Louise to Brush Point to bottom width of 1,000 feet and Brush Point Turn to bottom width of 1,200 feet; widening the channel across Point Iroquois Sh6tdhs a maximum width of 1,500 to 5,300 feet as measured from the cen- ter line of Birch Point Range, with a depth of 27 feet for anchor- age and maneuver. The following table shows the principal features of the locks and emergency dams. All structures are located at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1153 Lock Principal features Poe Davis Sabin MacArthur Miles above mouth.... ..--------------- 47------- ---- 47.... 47-----------47. Clear width of chamber _..feet _ 95------ __ 80----------- 80-----------.. 80. Leugt).ibetween miter sills_ __.do-....704 1,350 --------- .---------- 1,350--------- 800. Lift' _________-------__ ..do.-.... 21.7--------.... 21.7--------- 21.7 .-.. . 21.7. Depth:on upper breast wall 1 .... do.... 21.8----...-----.. 24.3.--------- 24.3 ....--------- 31. Depth on lower breast wall 1' _.. do .-- 16.6 _ -.... 23.1___--------- 23.1 ... . 31. Foundation.....________________________ Rock Rock.....-------- Rock ........ Rock. Type of construction ... __._........_ Masonry ..... Concrete- ... Concrete .--- Concrete. Estimated cost .___....__________________ 2 $4,738,865 ... 3 $6,200,000 . 4 $3,275,000 .___ $12,909,440. Actual cost ._______________________ 5 $2,837,337 ... 6 $2,200,000 ... 7 $1,750,000 .. (8) Completed (open to commerce)-...... Aug. 3, 1896_. Oct. 21, 1914-_ Sept. 18, 1919_. July 11, 1943. Emergency dam for- Principal features South Canal North Canal Miles above mouth.--------- 47 -- _-- 47. Estimated cost .----------- (10) ------- $300,000. Type- ..-................... Steel stop-logs recessed into lock Removable trusses, revolving wickets, masonry. and steel stop-logs. Cost, completed . ..---------- (10)___ _ $269, 224. 9 Years completed---------- .......... 1943 and 1945.........---------------- 1922. 1 At low water, 601.1 above and 579.4 below. 2.Includes cost of deepening and enlarging South Canal. 3 Includes cost of North Canal. 4 Includes canal excavations to provide necessary approaches to lock, canal walls, and piers, and emer- gency dam. 5Excludes cost of deepening and enlarging South Canal, $1,653,378. 6 Excludes cost of North Canal, $2,572,611. 7 Excludes cost of canal excavations to provide necessary approaches to lock, canal walls, and piers, and emergency dam, $662,919. 8 Construction about 97 percent complete. Actual costs to June 30, 1954, $12,718,806. 9 Including engineering office, and inspection. 10 Not separable from cost of locks. Note.-The limiting draft to the locks is determined by the depth over the breast walls. The Poe lock was operated and maintained under the perma- nent indefinite appropriation from August 3, 1896, the Davis lock from October 21, 1914, and the Sabin lock from September 18, 1919, to the end of the fiscal year 1935. The original State locks were operated and maintained under the same appropriation from June 9, 1881, to November 2, 1886, after which they were de- stroyed by excavation for the present Poe lock. The Weitzel lock, destroyed in 1942 by excavation for the Mac- Arthur lock, was operated and maintained under the same appro- priation from September 1, 1881, to the end of the fiscal year 1935. 1154 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 In the following table are stated other characteristic features of the channel improvements belonging to the existing project. 1 I I i Dis- Project da- Length tance Used by up- Project tum planes Project above of from or down- mean Name of improved channel width depth tide at channel mouth bound (feet) (feet) New York (feet) of river vessels (miles) (feet) .1 - 1- 1 1 I Point Iroquois Shoals anchorage-.......... 16,000 59 Both - - 1,500-5,300 27 601.5 Round Island middle ground-............. 57 -- do-- -- 27 601.5 Round Island Shoal 1___.......__.._._.._ 5, 000 57 --- do------- 1,000 27 601.5 Round Island Shoal 2_....... .__________9,800 54 1,000 27 601.5 Brush Point to Point Louise-............ 9,000 52 --- do------ 1,000-1,200 26 601.4 Vidal Shoals __ ............. ___...._.__ . 9, 100 48 1,000-1,500 26 601.2 South Canal----........------------------ 47 -do------- West approach to MacArthur lock_-- M acArthur lock...................... 8,235 I10880 27 31 601.1 579.4 West approach to Poe lock-.......... 1108 24 601.1 Poe lock----------------------- -B.oh__ 100 216. 6 579.4 East approach to MacArthur lock.... 362 27 579.4 East approach to Poe lock......__... 370 19.5 579.4 North Canal........._______...........____ 8,520 47 West approach.................____ 80 24 Davis lock------------------------- 80 323. 1 Sabin lock__--- ------ ------ ----- 80 323. 1 579.4 East approach_________ __ 312 24.5 579.4 Course. 1, Bayfield Channel, anchorage 9,237 45Both 1,300-1,500 26 579.3 and maneuver area. Courses 2 and 3, Little Rapids -------- 24,193 40 -_do. . . 600 25 579.2-578.9 Lake N icolet ...... _ ...... ...... ...... 22,000 36 ---do- -.. 1,500 26 578.8 Lake Nicolet anchorage. __ 5, 500 38 --do..... 1,000 26.5 578.8 Middle Neebish (upbound route): Course 5, lower end of Lake Nicolet.. 17,900 33 Up . 500 21 578.8 Course 6, dike_........ 16,918 30 ...--- do....- 500 21 578.7-578.6 Course 7, Munuscong Channel ...... 17, 586 27 -.. do ...---- 500 21 578.6 Course 9, Sailor Encampment Chan- 12,400 do.......---- 500 22 --- 21 578.5 nel. West Neebish, (downbound route): Course 4, lower end of Lake Nicolet_. 10, 762 34 Down __. 300 25 578.8 Course 5, lower end of Lake Nicolet_._ 23,370 29 ..-do- ... 300 25 578.8 Course 6, Rock Cut..............___ 14,064 27 ... do-.... 300 27 578.7-578.6 Course 7_ 13, 270 24 _do----- 300 25 578.5 Course 8, Moon Island-.............. 12, 600 21 -- _do-..... 300 25 578.5 Lake Munuscong, Twin Island to Lime 26,459 12 Both ---- 1,000 26 578.5 Island. Crab Island Shoal......----------------- 1,300 --- --..- -- do ---- -.-- 26 578.5 1 2 Channels past Bridge Island, each 108 feet wide; minimum width of connecting channel, 304 feet. 2 Refers to datum plane of 579.4; project depth at datum plane in effect at time of construction was 18 feet. s Refers to datum plane 579.4; project depth at datum in effect at time of construction was 24.5 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lakes Superior and Huron, which are 601.6 and 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Each year the St. Marys River rises and falls about 1 foot as measured by the monthly mean levels. During the navigation season the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean levels above the locks, since 1871, has been about 4 feet, and below the locks, since 1903, about 4.3 feet. In addition to these changes in level, occasionally a considerable oscillation takes place within 2 or 3 hours, which is somewhat in the nature of a seiche; such changes amounting to over 5 feet have been known to occur within 3 hours. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $100,- 000,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,601,900, of which $1,262,000 is for operating and care of locks. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1155 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 Weitzel lock (replaced in 1943 by MacArthur lock), 1 Report by Maj. O. M. Poe, Corps widening and deepening existing State Canal. of Engineers, not published. Aug. 5, 1886 Poe lock 1...... H. Ex. Doc. 72, 49th Cong., 2d sess. July 13, 1892 Dredging through shoals above the falls and the H. Ex. Doec. 207, 51st Cong., 2d shoals below the falls between the lower end of the sess., and Annual Report 1891, canal and the upper entrance channel into Lake p. 2810. Nicolet (Hay Lake). June 13, 1902 Mar. 2, 1905 iEnlarging the old canal................__ _____.... . .. H. Does. 128, 56th Cong., 2d ses., and 215, 58th Cong., 3d sess. June 13, 1902 Hay Lake and Neebish Channels work in that section H. Doc. 128, 56th Cong., 2d sess. of the river below the locks. Mar. 3, 1907 Davis lock, second canal, and emergency dam-........ H. Doc. 333, 59th Cong., 2d sess. (plan 3). Mar. 3, 1909 Lease of waterpower at the falls. Lease entered into with Michigan Northern Power Co. Provided for the construction of remedial and compensating works. July 25, 1912 Fourth lock (renamed "Sabin" lock in 1943).----- H. Doec. 64, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 4, 1915 Deepening tailrace of the power plant-............... Sept. 22, 1922 Widening upper approach to the canals through District engineer report, Oct. 29, Vidal Shoals, extension of anchorage and maneuver 1920. area below the locks. Jan. 21, 1927 Removal of Round Island middle ground, extension H. Doc. 270, 69th Cong., 1st sess. of Northwest Canal pier, and widening channels middle Neebish route. July 3, 1930 Deepening channels throughout the downbound H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. route. June 26, 1934 3 Operation and care of canal and locks provided for from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening Brush Point turn and the channel from River and Harbor Committee 2 Brush Point to Point Louise. Doc. 53, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 7, 1942 Construction of new (MacArthur) lock on site of for- H. Doc. 218, 77th Cong., 1st sess. (Public mer Weitzel lock deepening the approach channels Law 490, to 27 feet, and reconstruction of approach piers. sec. 17) 4 This act named the "MacArthur"lock and changed June 15, the name of "Fourth" lock to "Sabin" lock. 1943 (Pub- lic Law 72, 78th Cong., 1st sess.) Mar. 2, 1945 Removal of Bridge Island and construction of a new H. Doec. 679, 78th Cong., 2d sess. jPublic hydroelectric powerplant. and H. Doec. 339, 77th Cong., 1st. Law 14, sess. 79th Cong., 1st sess.) July 24, 1946 Replacement of Poe lock at St. Marys Falls Canal H. Doc. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. (Public with a new structure 800 feet long, 100 feet wide, Law 525, and 32 feet deep, with necessary reconstruction of 79th Cong., nose and center piers; and widening and deepening 2d seas.) the channel across Point Iroquois Shoals to a maxi- mum width of 1,500 to 5,300 feet, with a depth of 27 feet, and in Lake Nicolet to a maximum width of 1,000 feet, with a depth of 26.5 feet, when the governing lakes are at datum, to provide wider anchorage and maneuver areas in St. Marys River. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published maps. 3 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 4 Dimensions of lock authorized were specified in the act as "about 800 feet long, 80 feet wide, and 30 feet deep." Local cooperation. Fully complied with for all features of the project except for the removal of Bridge Island. For that fea- ture, the owners of the International Bridge are required to pro- vide a lift span over the South Canal upon request made by the Secretary of the Army and in accordance with plans, specifica- tions, and conditions approved by the Chief of Engineers, and the United States is to participate in the cost of the bridge change by payment to the owners of a percentage of the actual cost of the al- teration, such percentage to be adjusted by the Chief of Engineers 1156 REPORT OF CHIEF OF: ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 between 77.5 percent if a span for Cooper's E-50 loading is con- structed and 84 percent if a span for E-35 loading is constructed. On the basis of 1954 price levels the amount of the United States participation is estimated to be $2,201,000. Terminal facilities. This improvement serves the through com- merce between Lake Superior and the lower lakes, and it has not materially influenced the terminal facilities at the towns along its route which consist mainly of small docks for the accommodation of local traffic. Several coaling docks for through-traffic accom- modations have been established at Sault Ste. Marie, Lime Island, and Detour. A dock has been established at Drummond Island for stone shipments. Operations and results during fiscal year. Regular funds: New work: Powerhouse: A 2,500 KVA electric power transformer was procured under contract and installed by hired labor in con- nection with Unit No. 10 of the old hydro plant, which is now operated by remote control from the new hydro plant. A new 2,500 KVA electric generator known as Unit No. 3A was received and installed in the new hydro plant. This unit was placed in commercial operation on March 5, 1954. Contract work on this item is practically complete. Cost during the fiscal year was $133,926. Navigation features: Special studies were continued, in con- nection with the operation of the locks and construction in con- nection therewith to insure the continuity of operation. Cost dur- ing the fiscal year was $21,380. Total costs for new work during the fiscal year were $155,306. Maintenance: Operation and care: Locks: The canal and four locks were operated as required, and necessary repairs and im- provements were made thereto and to the appurtenant structures and equipment. The canal was opened to navigation 249 days, from July 1, 1953, to December 15, 1953, and from April 11, 1954, to June 30, 1954. During that period a total of 17,052 vessels ag- gregating 106,150,429 tons of freight and 4,253 passengers, passed through the MacArthur, Poe, Davis, and Sabin Locks in 13,132 lockages. Cost during the fiscal year was $931,455. Powerhouse and equipment: The new powerhouse and Unit No. 10 were operated and maintained. Cost during the fiscal year was $73,567. Other operation and care items: Buildings and grounds were maintained; security measures were carried out; condition and operation studies, inspections, reports and statistics were made or compiled as required. Cost during the fiscal year was $456,792. Total costs for operation and care during the fiscal year were $1,461,814. General maintenance: Locks: Installation of a duct line and cable on the northeast pier, by hired labor, is in progress; en- largement and alteration of ice recesses at the east end of Mac- Arthur Lock were completed by hired labor; a new steam line was purchased and the contractor has begun installation from the Emergency Dam to MacArthur Lock; the installation of new boilers in the Emergency Dam boiler house was accomplished by hired labor; the purchase and installation of a new friction plates RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1157 for 9 wire rope fenders were completed.by hired labor; and other miscellaneous rehabilitation items were performed by hired labor. Cost during the fiscal year was $154,938. Channels and canals: Repairs were made by hired labor to the guide walls of the West Neebish Rock Cut; U. S. derrickboats, in- cluding the Tompkins, removed a total of 32,427 cubic yards scow measure of material from shoals in St. Marys River and Canal ap- proaches; a contract was let for construction of a new mooring dock, Middle Neebish Channel, the steel sheet piling being fur- nished by the Government; and dredging in the vicinity of light 52 was completed under a continuing contract. Cost during the fiscal year was $162,085. Cost of general maintenance during the fiscal year was $317,- 023. Total costs this fiscal year for maintenance were $1,778,837. Total costs for all work this fiscal year were $1,934,143, all of which were regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is complete with the exception of the installation of steel guard gates at Mac- Arthur Lock, removal of Bridge Island from South Canal, the re- placement of the railroad bridge across South Canal with a new lift bridge, the replacement of Poe Lock, widening the channel across Point Iroquois Shoals, and widening channel along west side of Lake Nicolet. No work has been performed on any of the uncompleted items referred to above. Project Controlling Project Length of Ye Name of channel or locality depth depth width channel (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) completed Round Island Middle Ground __ . 27 26.8 --------------..... 1932 Round Island Shoal No. 1___ .... ____________ 27 26.8 1,000 5,000 1932 Round Island Shoal No. 2- ..-- - __ 27 26.8 1,000 9, 800 1932 Brush Point to Point Louise__-......- __ 26 26.0 1,000-1,200 9,000 1937 Vidal Shoals (rock)_...----------------. 26 25.8 1,000-1,500 9,100 1933 South Canal---- ---------------------- -- - - -- - ----- - - 8,235 - West approach to MacArthur lock 27 27.0 1 108 --- _-_-_- 1949 West approach to Poe lock ... . 24 23.8 1108 --- ..... 1911 MacArthur lock_-- 30 31.0 80 -- _ (2) Poe lock -_3.------------ --- - 3 18 16. 6 4100 .----.--. 1896 East approach of MacArthur lock _ 27 27.0 362 ......-- ______.. 1949 East approach to Poe lock _____ ____ 19.5 18. 1 370 ________ 915 North Canal --- .. . .. . .. . . . . 24 23 . .. - .- 8,520 -- West approach ----------- 24 23.5 280 - 1914 Davis lock_______________-_____ _ 324.5 23.1 80 ------------ 1914 Sabin lock ________________ _______ 3 24.5 23.1 80 -------... 1919 East approach ____----------- 24.5 23.1 312 ....------------ 1919 Course 1, Bayfield Channel, anchorage and maneuver area__--- __- -- 26 26.0 1,300-1,890 9,237 1949 Courses 2 and 3, Little Rapids....------------ 25 25.0 600 24, 193 1934 Lake Nicolet__-........ .____._____-.. ___ 26 24.8 1,500 22,000 1933 Middle Neebish (upbound route): Course 5, Lower end of Lake Nicolet__ 21 21.0 500 17,900 1929 Course 6, dike (rock)__.._----........... -- 21 21.0 500 16,918 1930 Course 7, Munuscong .Channel- ...-- 21 21.0 500 17, 586 1930 Course 9, Sailors Encampment Chan- nel (rock)_...-.__----------------- 21 21.0 500 12, 400 1930 West Neebish (downbound route): Course 4, Lower end of Lake Nicolet__ 25 25.0 300 10,762 1932 Course 5, Lower end of Lake Nicolet.. 25 25.0 300 23, 370 1932 Course 6 (rock cut)_-----____-__-- 27 26.2 300 14 064 1933 Course 7___--__----_ ---------------- 25 25.0 300 13,270 1932 Course 8, Moon Island._-------------- 25 25.0 300 12,600 1932 Lake Munuscong, Twin Island to Lime Island----------- ......................-----------...--------... 26 25.0 1,000 26,459 1934 Crab Island Shoal...................------------------------ 26 27.0 ----------- 1,300 1933 STwo channels past bridge island each 108 feet wide; minimum width of connecting channel, 304 feet. 2 Opened to traffic July, 1943. Lock 97 percent complete. 3 Depths referred to datum plane in effect at time of construction. 4 Width reduced to 95 feet by construction of a curtain wall along south side of lock in 1943. * * Depth 26.0 feet, except that area northward of line from end of East Center Pier to intersection of north channel line and international boundary line is 24.7 feet. 1158 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work -------------------------------------- $61,991,312 Maintenance--- ----------------- ----------------- 20,620,064 Total----------------------------------------- 82,611,376 Public works funds: New work - --- _ 1I58,401 Total all funds------- ------------------------- 82,769,777 In addition, the sum of $7,028,127 was expended between 1881 and June 30, 1936, on operation and care of the works of improve- ment under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropria- tion for such purposes. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_. .... Cost_--- $2, 520,000 .___ 3,441,127 $ 159, 726 3,183,518 $ 987,240 1,276, 823 $ 117,110 277, 201 $ 12, 000 155,306 1$65,069,976 165, 054,520 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ 1,379,500 1,427,000 1,633,000 1,887, 850 1,684,500 27, 796,179 Cost-.-------------- 1,398, 593 1,460,030 1,643,112 1,777,806 1,699,145 27, 648,191 I I 1 Includes $2,904,807 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project --------------------- $37,834,800 2. ST. CLAIR RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is about 40 miles long and flows in a south- erly direction from Lake Huron into Lake St. Clair. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 43.) Existing project. This provides for channels as follows: Project Dis- datum Length tance Used by up- Project Project planes of from or down- wjt Projet above Name of improved channel eha. m. h...a width depth a (feet) of river vessels (feet) (feet) at (miles) New York (feet) ! !--------- Foot of Lake Huron__ ____________ 25,000 42.0 Both...... 800 26 578.5-578.3 Port Huron Middle Ground............. 8,000 37.5 Down-.... 1,000-1,400 25 577.7-577.3 Shoals, Port Huron to Marysville ...-- - 15,000 34,.0 Both..... 1, 000 25 577.3-576.9 Shoals, Marysville to Stag Island-..--... 8,000 32.0 __do.. . . 1,000 25 576.8-576.6 Stag Island-East Channel- -- 15,000 31.0 Up__- -.. 800 20 576.6-576.3 Shoals, Stag Island to St. Clair_. ---- 28,000 27.0 Both...... 1,000 25 576.5-575.9 St. Clair Middle Ground.......____ 4,500 25.0 __do .... ,_ 900 25 575.8 Marine City Shoal,...........___ 5,800 1.9.0 ___do -___ 1,000 25 575.2-575.1 Shoals, Michigan Salt Works to Roberts 18,000 15.0 --_do -- 1,000 25 575.0-574.8 Landing. Head of Russell Island Shoal __......... 5,500 12.5 -__do -..... 1,000 25 574.6-574.5 Grand Pointe and Squirrel Island Shoals- 15,000 7.0 __do ... 1,000-700 25 574.4-574.2 Southeast Bend from Light 36 to St. Clair 28,000 2.7 - do .-.-- 800 26 574.0-573.6 Flats Canal. North Channel Outlet_......_........_ 8,000 Small 100 10 573.5 craft. The project also provides for compensating works, consisting of a number (estimated at 31) of submerged rock sills, with crests 31 feet below datum. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1159 The project depths are referred to local low water datums which correspond to low water datums for Lakes Huron and St. Clair, which are 578.5 and 573.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The water level of this river fluctuates with the levels of the lakes above and below it, which during the course of each year are subject to a consistent seasonal rise and fall, the lowest stages prevailing during the winter months and the highest during the summer months. At the head of St. Clair River, as measured by monthly mean levels, the water may rise and fall each year during the naviga- tion season as much as 1.3 feet. Since 1900 the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation season has been about 4.5 feet. Occasional fluctuations due to winds of high velocity may be as much as 3.5 feet in 6 hours. The River and Harbor Act, approved July 24, 1946, approved the modification of the project to provide for widening and deepening the Southeast Bend and improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, St. Clair River, in general accordance with the following descriptions: (a) That the two-way channel at Southeast Bend, St. Clair River, from light 12 to St. Clair Flats Canal, be widened to a width of 700 to 800 feet, with a depth of 26 feet for 24-foot navigation; (b) that the North Channel outlet at the mouth of the St. Clair River be widened to provide a channel 100 feet wide and 10 feet deep from lower St. Clair River to Lake St. Clair, for small craft, apart from the regular steamboat channels. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $14,719,- 000, including $10,600,000 for construction of submerged sills. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance of dredged channels is $64,900, including $1,500 for mainte- nance in the outlet to North Channel. No expense or maintenance will probably be required for submerged sills. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 13, 1892 20-foot channel in the river-------------------.... .... H. Doc. 207, 51st Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 Deepening of channel to 25 and 26 feet, and com- H. Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. pensating works. (Contains latest published map.) Mar. 2, 1945 Widening channel at Southeast Bend to 700 feet-___- H. Doc. 309, 77th Cong., 1st sess. July 24, 1946 Widening and deepening the Southeast Bend and H. Doc. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, St. Clair River. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. This improvement serves the through com- merce between the upper and lower lakes, and it has not materi- ally influenced the terminal facilities at the towns along its route which consist only of small docks for the accommodation of local traffic. At Port Huron, Mich., there are 6 privately owned docks for receiving coal, stone, petroleum products and wood pulp, and 1 public terminal for general cargo. At Marysville, Mich., there are 2 privately owned docks for receiving coal and shipping salt. At St. Clair, Mich., there is 1 privately owned dock for receiving 1160 REPORT :OF OF :CHIEF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 coal, and at Marine City, Mich., there is 1 privately owned: dock for receiving coal and stone. Operations and results during fiscal year. Surveys were made over the channel at the foot of Lake Huron, Southeast Bend. Chan- nel and miscellaneous areas, and repairs and replacements to the control system were accomplished at a total cost of $30,776. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports, and supervision and administration, was $11,159. The total costs during the fiscal year were $41,935, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, exclusive of the compensating works, widening and deepening Southeast Bend, and improvement of the outlet of the North Channel, was completed in 1937. The following table gives the project depths, and controlling depths, widths, and lengths of the several channels covered by the project at the end of the fiscal year: Project Controlling Minimum Length of Name of channel depth depth width channel (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) Foot of Lake Huron --------------------------- .-- ... 26 25.5 800 25, 000 Port Huron Middle Ground ..-- -------------- 25 25.0 1,000 8, 000 Shoals, Port Huron to Marysville ...............--- -- 25 25.0 1,000 15,000 Shoals, Marysville to Stag Island ----------------- 25 25.0 1,000 8,000 Stag Island East Channel ...-------------------- 20 21.0 450 15,000 Shoals, Stag Island to St. Clair --- - - -------- 25 25. 0 1, 000 28, 000 St. Clair Middle Ground------------------------------ 25 25.0 900 4,500 Marine City Shoal ------------------------ 25 25.0 1, 000 5, 800 Shoals, Michigan Salt Works to Roberts Landing_ -... 25 25.0 1,000 18,000 Head of Russell Island Shoal -------- ---- 25 25.0 1,000 5,500 Grand Pointe and Squirrel Island Shoals_ 25 25.0 700 15,000 Southeast Bend from Harsens Island Rear Range Light to light13--------------- - ---------------------- - 25 25.0 700 18,000 Shoals from light 13 to St. Clair Flats Canal-...... 26 25.0 700-800 10,000 North"Channel outlet-- ------------------------------ 10 ....-------- - 100 8,000 The costs have been as follows: Regular funds: New work-------------------------------------------- $1,448,269 Maintenance------------------------ --------------- 1,485,254 Total_------------------------------ 2,933,523 Public works funds, new work--------- ------------------------ 1,671,660 Emergency Relief Act funds ----------------------------------- 49,419 Total, all funds_-------------------------------- - 4,654,602 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------- ------------ -- --------- $3, 169,348 Cost ...----------------------. $ 9 ,0 -$943 - 3,169,348 Maintenance: Appropriated . $81,500 $91,295 $19,800 $49,443 $44, 000 1,487,319 Cost ___----------- -- 79,113 90,148 23,485 49, 443 41,935 1,485, 255 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project__--------- _--- - $11, 549,700 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1161 3. DETROIT RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is about 31 miles long and flows in a south- erly direction from Lake St. Clair into Lake Erie. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 41.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886, August 11, 1888, July 13, 1892, and March 3, 1899. For further details, see page 1958 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1541 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing projects. This provides for a two-way channel 25 feet deep and 800 feet wide through shoals at head of river, 26 feet deep and 800 feet wide through Fighting Island Channel, and 26 feet deep and 600 feet wide through Ballards Reef north of junc- tion with Livingstone Channel; for a downbound channel, known as Livingstone Channel, west of Bois Blanc Island, 26 feet deep and at least 450 feet wide from its upper end to opposite Bar Point; thence 26 feet deep and 800 feet wide to lower junction with Amherstburg Channel, thence 26 feet deep and 1,200 feet wide to the 26-foot contour in Lake Erie, passing to the east of Detroit River Lighthouse, the lower section, 1,200 feet wide, being used for both up- and down-bound traffic; for an upbound channel known as the Amherstburg Channel, at least 600 feet wide with a depth of 21 feet in the easterly 300-foot width and a depth of 27 feet in the westerly 300-foot width, from the lower junction with Livingstone Channel, passing on the east side of Bois Blanc Island to the head of Livingstone Channel; for an auxiliary downbound channel, 22 feet deep and 800 feet wide, passing to the west of Detroit River Light; for a dike on the west bank of the rock cut through Livingstone Channel to ameliorate cross currents; for a compensating waste bank between Livingstone and Amherstburg Channel at their north junction; for improving channels to Wyan- dotte by removing shoal at head of Grosse Ile and by dredging through the Middle Ground opposite the head of Fighting Island; for improving Trenton Channel (west of Grosse Ile), 21 feet deep and 250 feet wide, extending from deep water near the head of the island to a point 2,300 feet below the lower Grosse Ile Bridge, ending in a turning basin of the same depth and 29 acres in area; and for improving the American Channel passing north of Belle Isle; from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview Slip, to a depth of 21 feet and a width of 200 feet. 1162 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The following table shows the characteristic features of the existing project: Dis- Project datum Length tance Used by up- Project Project planes above of from or down- wodthPdeth Name of improved channel chanelwidth channel mouth bound depth above mean tide (feet) of river vessels (feet) (feet) at New (miles) York (feet) Channel north of Belle Isle-.........-----------..... (1) 23 Both...... 200 21 573.0 Shoals at head of Detroit River Fighting Island Channel---.........-. ----..........37,000 - 24,800 23 --- do_...... 11 ... do....... 800 800 25 26 573.3-572.8 571.7 Ballards Reef Channel (north of junction 13,000 8 .. do..... 600 26 571.25 with Livingstone Channel). Livingstone Channel....---------------- 36,800 1 Down..... 450-800 26 571.25-570.5 Bar Point Channel--------- --..... 12,300...... Both...... 800-1,200 26 570.5 Channel passing east of Detroit River 24,000 ........---- ...-- do....... 1,200 26 570.5 Light. Ballards Reef Channel (south of junction 5, 700 7 Up........ 600 21 571.25-571.0 with Livingstone Channel). Amherstburg Channel.- -------. 36,000 ........---- ...---- do....... 600 221-27 571.0-570.5 Channel passing west of Detroit River 21, 000 ........ Down..... 800 22 570.5 Light. Wyandotte Channel-- --............ -..-2, 400 15 Local...... 300 21 571.8 Grosse Ile Shoal. ......-- - 600 13 ._do................... 20 571.8 Trenton Channel (west of Grosse Ile)-... 19, 400 6 .. do....... 250 21 571.7-571.1 1 Extends from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview Slip, approximately 3,000 feet. $ Project depth 21 feet in easterly 300-foot width of channel and 27 feet in westerly 300-foot width. The project depths are referred to local low water datum planes which correspond to low water datum for Lakes St. Clair and Erie and are taken at 573.5 and 570.5 feet, respectively, above mean tide at New York. Each year during the navigation season the river rises and falls about 2 feet as measured by the monthly mean levels. Since 1906 the difference between the highest and lowest monthly mean level during the navigation season has been about 4.0 feet. Occasional fluctuations in depths of several feet, produced by high easterly or westerly winds, respectively, raise or lower the water level at the west end of Lake Erie, and similarly affect the level of the lower Detroit River; such changes have been as much as 6 feet within 8 hours. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, is $47,361,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $102,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 Mar. 3, 1905 June 25, 1910 IAmherstburg Shoal. Channel and removal of Grosse Ile H. Does. 712, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and 40, 58th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 4, 1913 _ Fighting Island Channel_.........._..............__ H. Doec. 17, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1907 H. Does. 266, 59th Cong., 2d sess.; June 25, 1910 Livingstone Channel_............._.__ .. __ _ ... 676, 61st Cong., 2d sess.; and 322, Mar. 2, 1919 i .65th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Channel depths of 26 and 25 feet_ _ .. _ H. Doe. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess.t Akug. 30,1935 2 Channel to Wyandotte 21 feet deep and 300 feet wide Rivers and Harbors Committee through the Middle Ground opposite the head of Doec. 1, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' Fighting Island. See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1163 Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Trenton Channel and turning basin (west of Grosse H. Doc. 205, 75th Cong., 1st sess.t Ile.). Mar. 2, 1945 American Channel north of Belle Isle between H. Doc. 734, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Windmill Point and Fairview Slip, Detroit. July 24, 1946 Deepening the westerly 300 feet of Amherstburg H. Doc. 335, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Channel and Ballards Reef Channel below Living- stone Channel to 27 feet to provide depths ade- quate for 24-foot draft navigation, when the gov- erning lakes are at datum, with necessary widening at approaches and bends and construction of neces- sary compensating works, Detroit River. May 17, 1950 Extending turning basin in Trenton Channel 600 Sen. Doc. 30, 81st Cong., 1st sess. feet, dredging through east draw of lower Grosse Ile Bridge, and extending 300-foot width of channel north of lower Grosse Ile Bridge. 1Contain latest published maps. 2Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of project. For Trenton Channel modification approved May 17, 1950, responsible local agencies are required to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the works. Terminal facilities. Within the limits of the port of Detroit are more than 8.4 linear miles of docks fronting on the river, and the appliances for handling freight are adequate. A number of docks are owned by railroads and large manufacturing corporations over which no freight is received except for their own use. Other docks are owned by steamship lines, where peference is given to their own vessels. There are, however, still other docks that are open to the use of all vessels upon equal terms including one with terminal warehouse. Present terminals are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. Sounding sur- veys prior to dredging were made over the lower Livingstone Channel and Channel Passing East of Detroit River Light, includ- ing the extension thereto into Lake Erie, for the 1953 and 1954 dredging seasons, and repairs and replacements were made to the control system, at a total cost of $53,472. The cost of miscellane- ous inspections and reports, including supervision and administra- tion of the project, was $11,982. The location and removal of obstructions above 21 foot depth in the Amherstburg Channel and above 26 foot depth in the Liv- ingstone Channel, a total channel length of about 8 miles, were accomplished by sweeping survey and the United States derrick- boat Erie at a cost of $79,650. Repairs were made to about 1,000 linear feet of the Sugar Island Compensating Dike by the derrick- boat Erie at a cost of $8,795. The United States hopper dredges Hoffman and Hains oper- ated in the Channel Passing East of Detroit River Light and ex- tension thereto during the periods August 10 to September 18, 1953, and August 10 to October 6, 1953, and removed 327,165 and 1164 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 543,734 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material respectively, at a cost of $169,672. The United States hopper dredge Hains operated in Lower Livingstone Channel and Channel Passing East of Detroit River Light including extension thereto during the period June 10 to June 30, 1954, and removed 119,035 cubic yards, bin measure, of material at a cost of $36,892. The total quantity of material removed by hopper dredging operations during the fiscal year was 989,934 cubic yards, bin measure, and the total cost of dredging was $206,564. The total costs during the fiscal year were $360,464 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, with the exception of the channel north of Belle Isle, deepening the westerly 300 feet of the Amherstburg Channel and the Ballards Reef Chan- nel (south of its junction with the Livingstone Channel), and ex- tending the turning basin in Trenton Channel, was completed in 1941. The work done consists of dredging, rock excavation, and the costruction of dikes and compensating works. The dikes are gen- erally in good condition. The Sugar Island compensating dike still shows signs of erosion and weathering. The following table gives project depths, controlling depths, widths, lengths, and date of completion of the several channels covered by the project at the close of the fiscal year: Length Minimum Project Controlling Date of Name of channel channel width depth depth Date of (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) Completion Channel north of Belle Isle (1) 200 21- Shoals at head of Detroit River ..-.... 37,000 800 25 25.0 1935 Fighting Island Channel._-. 24,800 800 26 26.0 1933 Ballards Reef Channel (north of junc- tion w ith Livingstone Channel) ...... 13,000 600 26 26.0 Aug. 18, 1936 Livingstone Channel. ..... 36,000 450 26 26.0 Sept. 2, 1936 Bar Point Channel _ --- 12,300 800 26 26.0 June 26, 1936 Channel passing east of Detroit River Light--------------------------------- 24,000 1,200 26 26.0 Aug. 14, 1937 Ballards Reef Channel (south of junc- tion with Livingstone Channel) ...... 5,700 600 2 21-27 3 21.0 3 1914 Amherstburg Channel_- 36,800 600 2 21-27 321.0 31912 Channel passing west of Detroit River P',Light - -. 21,000 800 22 20.1 1929 Wyandotte Channel_ 2,400 300 21 21.0 1933 G rosse Ile Shoal ------------------------ 600 20 19.5 1904 Trenton Channel_ 19, 400 250 21 21.0 41941 I Extends from deep water near Windmill Point to a point opposite Fairview Slip, approximately 3,000 feet. 2 Project depth 21 feet in easterly 300 feet width of channel and 27 feet westerly 300 feet width. 3 No work has been done in westerly half. 4 No work has been done to extend the turning basin. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work ---------- ----------- -- - $-- 20,045,988 Maintenance -------------- - - 2,075,039 Total------------------- 22,121,027 Public worksfunds--- ---------------------- -- 1,530,688 Total, all funds_--- - ----------------- 23,651,715 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1165 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--..---------------- --$10, 000 -$8, 063------.. ------------ 1 $23,673,930 Cost--------- Maintenance: ------------ ------------ ------------ ---------- ------------ 123,673,930 Appropriated------ _ 300 $136, 143, 275 158,000 $151, 154 000 $358, 2,076,583 Cost 157,633 122 751 .......----------------. 159,178 167,018 360,464 2,075,039 IIncludes $2,097,254 fornew work forprevious projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project--------------------- $25,784,300 4. AU SABLE HARBOR AND HARBOR OF REFUGE AT AU SABLE RIVER (OSCODA), MICH. Location. The Au Sable River, with the village of Oscoda, Mich., situated near its mouth, is located on the westerly shore of Lake Huron, about 8 miles north of Au Sable Point at the entrance to Saginaw Bay. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Previous project. The previous project was authorized in 1866 and modified in 1879. For further details, see pages 336 and 2453 of the Annual Report for 1892. Existing project. This provides for riprapping at the outer 200 feet of the existing north pier at the mouth of the Au Sable River, dredging an entrance channel 12 feet in depth and dredging the channel between the piers and upstream to the State Highway bridge to a depth of 10 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum in Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $147,000, excluding $16,400 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $2,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map, see House Document 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the condition that responsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will- (1) Contribute $16,400 in cash toward the first cost of pro- tective structures and dredging. (2) Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. (3) Establish a competent and properly constituted public body, empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities, with the understanding that harbor facilities shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. 1166 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 (4) Hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the works. (5) Provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construc- tion of the project, including suitable spoil disposal areas when and as required. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States at this harbor until the prescribed requirements for local cooperation have also been complied with at the following addi- tional projects in this area: Hammond Bay, Mich., and Harris- ville, Mich. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Water- ways Commission and were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. Terminal facilities. Seven small timber pile docks are used pri- marily as fishing terminals by their owners. Ample space for mooring small craft is available along the face of old cribbing, and present terminials are considered adequate for all existing or reasonably prospective commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. An adjustment was made in the cost of the dredging by United State bucket dredge Tompkins during May and June 1953, including after dredging survey cost, in the amount of $10,000. Sounding survey prior to dredging was made during April 1954, and the United States bucket dredge Tompkins operated in the entrance channel of Au Sable Harbor during the period May 13 to May 27, 1954, removing 18,498 cubic yards, bucket measure, at a total cost of $25,000. Total costs for the fiscal year were $35,000, all for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project has not been constructed but the entrance channel is being maintained under the previous project to allow passage of the U. S. Air Force crashboats based in the river. The existing jetties have deteri- orated to the point where they afford little or no protection from wave action during storms and are ineffective in intercepting lit- toral drift from entering the channel. The controlling depth at the present time is about 7.5 feet below low water datum, from the State Highway Bridge through the entrance channel. The con- trolling depth could be reduced to about 3.0 feet in a very short period of time as a result of severe storm from either north- easterly or southeasterly direction. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work (existing project)- $ 100 Maintenance (previous project) - - - 76,367 Total 76,467 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1167 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ -------- $8,000 -$7, 900----------------------------------- 1$114,886 Cost ----------------------------- 100 _1114,886- Maintenance: Appropriated .... --------- 18,367 $700 $22, 300 $35, 000 76,367 Cost-------------------------- 18,367 700 22,300 35,000 76,367 1 Includes $114,786 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project _ _ _-------------------------- $146,90( 5. SAGINAW RIVER, MICH. Location. This river is formed by the union of the Tittabawas- see and Shiawassee Rivers, is about 22 miles long, and flows in a northerly direction and into the south end of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Previous projects. Authorized by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, June 23, 1874, June 18, 1878, March 3, 1879, August 2, 1882, and August 5, 1886. For further details, see page 1957 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1550 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 21 feet deep and 200 feet wide from deep water in Saginaw Bay to the Detroit & Mackinac Railway bridge in Bay City, thence 20 feet deep to the Sixth Street Bridge in Saginaw, Mich., thence 161/2 feet deep to the junction with the Tittabawassee River, a distance of about 29 1/ miles; and for a turning basin 15 feet deep by 360 feet wide, varying from 690 feet to 420 feet in length, adjacent to the east side of the existing channel between Court Street and Bristol Street Bridges. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is taken at 578.5 feet above mean tide level at New York. Due to storms, the level of the river at its mouth rises and falls about 3 feet. Spring freshets and excessive rains have caused an abnormal rise of as much a 14 feet at Sagi- naw. Occasionally a considerable change takes place within few hours, resulting from the raising or lowering of Saginaw Bay by violent winds. • The cost of new work for the completed project was $2,081,580, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is: 1168 REPORT OF CHIEF OF.ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 $97,500. The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Channel 200 feet wide, with depths of 181 feet in the H. Doec. 740, 61st Cong., 2d sess. bay and 163/ feet in the river. July 3, 1930 Project depth of 18% feet extended up the river to Rivers and Harbors Committee Saginaw. Doc. 30, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Turning basin_.___________-__..---------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 21, 75th Cong., 1st sess. (Contains latest: published maps.) June 20, 1938 Present project channel dimensions from the bay to IH. Doc. 576, 75th Cong., 3d sess. the 6th St. Bridge in Saginaw. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The terminals are centered at Bay City and Saginaw, Mich. At Bay City, which includes Essexville, there are 36 piers, wharves, and docks. At Saginaw, which includes Mil- waukee and Carrollton, there are 20 such facilities. Of the total of 56 terminals, 17 are used for receiving bulk commodities, 8 are used for handling petroleum products, 9 are moorings or landings for small craft, and 22 are not in use. A terminal at Carrollton, Mich., is a public bulk handling and storage plant. These ter- minal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and,results during the fiscal year. Condition of the channel sounding surveys, including prior to dredging 1953 season, and repairs and replacements to the control system were made at a cost of $18,716. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and re- ports, including supervision and administration of the project was $3,772. The United States hopper dredge Hains operated in the Saginaw Bay Channel of the project during the period July 24 to August 9, 1953, removing 59,368 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $26,642. Total costs during the fiscal year were $49,130, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in April 1942. The present controlling depth in the bay section channel is 20.0 feet over the center 120 feet width. Proj- ect depths are generally available in the river section channel from the mouth of the river to the 6th Street Bridge in Saginaw, Mich. Considerable shoaling has occurred in the river section channel and the turning basin between the 6th Street and Court Street bridges in Saginaw, Mich. The controlling depth in this section is 15.5 feet. The portion of the project upstream of the Court Street Bridge is not maintained. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work_- ----------------- $2,081,579 Maintenance_ 1,826,414 Total_ 3,907,993 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT,; MICH., DISTRICT 1169 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - - - - __-- 1$3,044,136 Cost ------------------------------------------- _ ------------------- 13,044,136 Maintenance: Appropriated $262,239 $ 90,000 -$3, 700 $37,050 $59,000 1,838,677 Cost .....-- ---- 330,841 213,600 16,.54 34,657 49,130 1,826,414 fornew work for previous projects. 1Includes $962,556 6. PORT AUSTIN HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the west shore of Lake Iluron at the extreme eastern limit of Saginaw Bay, about 29 miles across the bay from the mouth of the Au Sable River (Oscoda). (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for a harbor of refuge at the mouth of Bird Creek, consisting of a harbor basin dredged to a depth of 10 feet protected by breakwater. structure and for dredg- ing an entrance channel to the harbor basin to a depth of 12 feet. The project depths are referred to low-water datum for Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The estimated cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,160,000, excluding $172,100 to be contributed by local interests. The lat- est (1945) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is' $750. The existing project was authorized by River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map see House Document No. 446, 78th Congress, second session. Local cooperation. The improvement authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, is subject to the condition that responsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will- (1) Contribute $172,100 in cash toward the first cost of pro- tective structures and dredging. (2) Provide and maintain, without cost to the United States, and in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, a suitable and adequate public wharf for the accommodation of transient vessels. (3) Establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to regulate the use, growth, and free development of harbor facilities, with the understanding that harbor facilities- shall be open to all on equal and reasonable terms. (4) Hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the works. (5) Provide, without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project,. including suitable spoil disposal areas when and as re- quired. It is further provided that no work shall be done by the United States at this harbor until similar prescribed requirements for 1170 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 local cooperation at Port Sanilac, Mich., have also been complied with. These assurances were furnished by the Michigan State Water- ways Commission and were approved by the Assistant Secretary of the Army on March 22, 1948. The Michigan State Waterways Commission has contributed in the amount of $28,000 for advance planning. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal facilities at Port Austin. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The only new work was for preliminary engineering and design. The total costs for the fiscal year were $267. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. No construction work has been done. The total cost to date, all for advance planning for new work, has been as follows: United States funds---------- -------------------------------- 3,500 Contributed by State of Michigan ----------------------------- 15,057 Total------------------- ---------------------------- 18,557 Cost and financialsummary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June *30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------....-----------.... --------------------------------- ------------ $3,500 Cost----------------- $3,013 $753 $4,497 ------------------------. .3,500 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_ ---------------------- _ $1,156,500 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --------------..------------------------------------------------ $28,000 Cost----------------- $9,288 ------------- $4, 497 $267 $215,057 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-__--- _---- $12,943 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------- 12,943 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project -------------------------------------- 144,100 7. PORT SANILAC HARBOR, MICH. Location. This harbor is located on the southwest shore of Lake Huron, about 30 miles borth of Port Huron, Mich. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart' No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for the formation of a harbor of refuge protected by breakwater structures extending to the 12- RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1171 foot depth contour in the lake; for dredging a harbor basin, 10 feet in depth, and for dredging an entrance channel 12 feet in depth. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Huron, which is 578.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The cost of new work for the completed project was $538,650, excluding $130,100 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $5,500. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. For latest published map, see House Document 446, 78th Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. One small privately owned, stone-filled, timbered-crib dock is used principally as a fishing terminal by the owner. A municipally owned timber pier, extending about 150 feet lakeward, with a 50-foot extension on one side and a 40-foot extension on the other side, is open to all vessels on equal terms. Terminal facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. During May, 1954, a sounding survey was made over the dredged anchorage areas to determine the extent of the shoaling, at a cost of $1,200. Total cost for the fiscal year was $1,200, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project began April 24, 1950, and was completed May 25, 1951. Project depths are generally available over all of the dredged anchorage area and entrance channel, except for a strip along the west edge at the north end of the anchorage area, 200 feet wide and 350 feet long, where the controlling depth is about 4.0 feet. The break- waters are in good condition except that minor cracks and holes have formed in the blacktop covers of the individual cells as a result of frost and wave action. The total costs have been as follows: New work: United States funds$----------------------------------538,650 Contributed by the State of Michigan -------------- 130,100 Total-------------------------------------------$668,750 Maintenance--------------------------------------------- 1,475 Total, all funds ------------------------------------ 70,225 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------.. $435,000 $228, 250 -$25, 000------------ 1 $668, 750 ---------------- Cost__ 197,266 414,361 3,140 $362572 .------------ 1 668, 750 Maintenance: Appropriated--- ..-------------------------------------- 275 $1, 200 1,475 Cost ------------------------------------------------ 275 1, 200 1,475 1 Includes $130,100 costs for new work from contributed funds. 1172 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 8. ROUGE RIVER, MICH. Location. The river rises in Oakland and Washtenaw Counties, Mich., is about 30 miles long, and flows in a southeasterly direction through Wayne County into the Detroit River. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 415.) Previous projects. Authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 11, 1888 (Annual Report for 1887, pp. 2275-2278); joint resolution of April 11, 1898 (H. Doc. 138, 55th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report for 1898, p. 2605), and the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907 (H. Doc. 289, 59th Cong., 1st sess.). For further details, see page 1530 of Annual Report for 1932, and page 1558 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. A channel 21 feet deep from that depth in Detroit River through the Short Cut Canal, 400 feet wide at the entrance, taper- ing to 200 feet in a distance of 2,000 feet, thence 200 feet to Maples Road, including a turning basin, 21 feet deep, near the upper end of the project. b. A channel 25 feet deep from that depth in Detroit River through the mouth of the old channel upstream for a distance of 1,300 feet, with a width of 240 feet at the mouth, tapering to 100 feet at a distance of 800 feet from the mouth, thence 18 feet deep and 100 feet wide for a distance of 1,425 feet, thence 17 feet deep and 100 feet wide to the Detroit, Toledo & Ironton Railroad bridge, a distance of about 1,550 feet, thence 21 feet deep and 100 feet wide, flaring to 130 feet at the north end of the Peerless Port- land Cement Co. wharf, thence 21 feet deep, with width flaring from 130 feet to 150 feet at the junction of the old channel with the Short Cut Canal, suitably widened at the bend opposite the Detroit Sulphite Pulp & Paper Co. plant. The distance from Detroit River to the head of the project: at Maples Road is about 31/ miles via the Short Cut Canal, and about 41/2 miles via the old channel. The project depths are referred to local low water datum in the Detroit River at the mouth of the Rouge River, which is 572.2 feet above mean tide at New York. The level of this river, except during floods, changes with the level of the Detroit River, which fluctuates to an average extent of about 1.5 feet during the navi- gatio Pseason. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $1,249,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $90,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1173 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug.. 11, 1888 17-foot channel 1___....----------................ Annual Report, 1887, p. 2275. 2 Aug. 8, 1917 21-foot channel via Short Cut Canal.-------------H_ H. Doc. 2063, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 2 25-foot channel at mouth of old channel, the 18-foot Senate committee 2 print, 73d Cong., channel, 1,425 feet in length and adjacent to the 2d sess. latter, and the 21-foot channel extending from the junction of the old channel and Short Cut Canal into the old channel to the Detroit, Toledo & Iron- ton R.R. bridge. 1Completed under previous projects. 2Contains latest published maps. See also map with Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 19, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 3 Including Emergency Relief Administration work authorized May 28, 1935. Local cooperation. The act approved August 30, 1935, pro- vided that no Federal expenditures should be made on the im- provements in the old channel until local interests had provided, without cost to the United States, all necessary rights-of-way and had furnished guaranties, satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army, protecting the United States against all damages to adja- cent lands and property which may result from dredging opera- tions. Except for the guaranties protecting the United States against damages to adjacent lands and property along the 25-foot channel, this requirement has not been complied with. All prior requirements fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is an iron ore dock near the river's mouth equipped with unloading machinery. The Ford Motor Co. has an ore and coal dock near the head of the river improvement, with improved type of unloaders. Eight docks fully equipped for handling oil and oil products, and one dock equipped for handling gypsum rock, have been constructed along the riverbank. These docks have good railroad connections. In addition, there are four docks owned by sand and gravel companies which have unloading machinery, one pulpwood dock, and one timber dock. There are 9 docks that receive coal, 7 docks that receive stone, 1 dock that receives coal tar, and 1 dock that ships salt. There are also a number of smaller docks for launches. All docks along the river are privately owned and understood to be restricted to use of the owners. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during the fiscal year. The costs of a prior to dredging sounding survey made over the entire project during October and November 1953 and studies in connection with 1174 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 the illegal deposit of industrial wastes were $8,325. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports including supervision and administration of the project was $4,676. The United States hopper dredge Hains operated over the en- tire project during the period November 11 to December 17, 1953, removing 187,640 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material at a cost of $63,490. These costs do not include the financial par- ticipation of industries in the removal of illegal deposits of in- dustrial wastes, in the amounts, Ford Motor Company $9,962; Peerless Cement Corporation $2,759; Solvay Process Division of the Allied Chemicals Corporation $1,299. Total financial partici- pation by industries was $14,020. Total costs during the fiscal year were $76,491, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The 21-foot project, which con- sisted of dredging a 21-foot channel from the Detroit River via the Short Cut Canal to the upper limit of improvement, and the construction of five dolphins at the mouth of the Short Cut Canal, wa completed in 1923. The 25-foot project at the mouth of the old channel was started with funds from the Emergency Relief Administration, but due to shortage of funds, dredging was re- stricted to a distance of 1,150 feet upstream of the mouth of the old channel. All other work provided for in the act of August 30, 1935, relative to the improvement of the old channel, is held in abeyance until local interests have complied with the terms of local cooperation. The controlling depth of the 21-foot project, via the Short Cut Canal, is 21 feet along the center half of the channel to the turn- ing basin which has a controlling depth of 21 feet except along the channel banks. The controlling depth of the old channel, from its intersection with the Short Cut Canal to the 25-foot proj- ect, is 17 feet. The 25-foot section has a controlling depth of 25 feet, except along the channel banks. All bridges have been altered to comply with the requirements of law. The dolphins at the mouth of the Short Cut Canal are in poor condition; and as they are no longer utilized by navigation interests, further maintenance is not justified and the dolphins should be removed. The head of navigation is determined by a fixed bridge about 2,600 feet above the upper limit of improve- ment. The costs of the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: N ew work .-----------------.......- .-.-.-.. $561, 646 Maintenance..... .. ... -1, ..-------------- 464, 434 Total.... .................--------------------------------- 2,026, 080 New work, Emergency Relief Act funds ... ---------------- -------- 29, 563 Total, all funds...............----------------------------------- 2,055, 643 RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1175 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------------------- $ 641,292 --------------------------------------------------------------- Cost..........---- 641,292 Maintenance: Appropriated----.... $79, 000 $76, 500 $93, 700 $78,807 $77, 300 1,521,851 Cost----------------- 75,179 74,136 96,326 84, 514 76,491 1,521,041 1Includes $50,082 for new work and $56,608 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project-------------------------- $657,790 9. TOLEDO HARBOR, OHIO Location. This harbor comprises the lower 7 miles of Maumee River and the channel about 16.5 miles through Maumee Bay to Lake Erie. The Maumee River has its source in northern Indi- ana and empties into Lake Erie. The harbor is located at the westerly end of Lake Erie, 99 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 3.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1866, June 14, 1880, July 5, 1884, August 5, 1886, July 13, 1892, and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1959 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1565 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 25 feet deep and 500 feet wide from deep water in Lake Erie to the mouth of the Maumee River, with a width of 300 feet on each side of center dike in the bay channel; for a channel 25 feet deep in Maumee River to the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad dock, 400 feet wide from the mouth of the river to the Fassett Street Bridge, and 200 feet wide above that point; for a turning basin at the upper end, 18 feet deep and 8.25 acres in area; for a triangular widening at the bend in the channel at the mouth of the river, on the north side of the channel opposite the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway dock, 3,055 feet in length, 460 feet maximum width and 16.2 acres in area; and for a stone-revetted earth dike, 1,000 feet long, to form a foundation for range lights in Maumee Bay. The projects depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water level are from 4 feet above to 2 feet below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 9 feet above to 7.6 feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $5,565,- 000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $354,000. 1176 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was adopted by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Auxiliary channel above Fassett Street Bridge, and H. Doc. 198, 55th Cong., 2d sess, the dike. and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2693. June 25, 1910 Channel 21 feet deep..............--------------...------------ H. Doc. 865, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Present project dimensions of the main channel and Rivers and Harbors Committee turning basin, and eliminated from the project the Doc. 21, 72d Cong., Ist sess. auxiliary channel above Fassett Street Bridge. (Contains latest published map.) May 17, 1950 Widening at bend at mouth of river opposite Chesa- H. Doec. 189, 81st Cong., 1st sess. peake & Ohio Ry. dock. (Contains latest published maps,) Recommended modification of project. On April 28, 1950, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing proj- ect for Toledo Harbor, Ohio, to provide for removal of the center dike on which the Maumee Bay Range Lights are located, to the project depth of 25 feet, generally in accordance with the plans of the district engineer, and with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable, at an estimated cost to the United States of $420,000 for the removal of the dike and a reduction of $3,000 in the cost of annual main- tenance, subject to the provision that local interests hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed portions of project. For widening at bend opposite C. & O. dock, approved May 17, 1950, local interests are required to agree to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the con- struction works. Terminal facilities. There are 3 large railroad terminals :for receipt of ore and 3 for handling coal, 1 fuel dock, 4 docks for handling grain, 5 docks for handling petroleum products, 5 sand and gravel docks, 1 cement dock, 3 private fish docks, and 2 pack- age-freight terminals which are open to all vessels on all terms. The city of Toledo has provided a lagoon, near the mouth of the Maumee River, suitable for winter mooring of vessels. The ter- minal facilities are regarded as adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during the fiscal year. Condition of the channel and prior to dredging sounding surveys were made over the entire project channel during July 1953, and May and June 1954, at a cost of $10,897. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports including supervision and administration of the proj - ect and custody of the harbor was $11,658. The United States hopper dredges Hoffman, Hains, and Taylor RIVERS AND HARBORS-DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1177 operated in the Maumee Bay Channel and the lower portion of the River Section Channel during the periods September 19 to Decem- ber 17, 1953, October 7 to November 10, 1953, and November 12 to December 17, 1953, respectively, removing 402,639, 194,176 and 141,854 cubic yards, bin measure, of shoal material, respectively. The total quantity of material removed by hopper dredge opera- tions was 738,669 cubic yards, bin measure, and the total lost of dredging was $276,476. Total costs during the fiscal year were $299,031, :all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project, exclusive of Widening the channel opposite the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail- way dock, was completed in 1936. Maintenance dredging nor- mally performed during the late summer and fall months usually restores project depth over a center width of 300 feet in the lake section and over about 80 percent of the river channel. Contin- uous and heavy shoaling usually results in a controlling depth of about 23 feet in the bay section channel by the end of the fiscal year. The controlling depth is 16.5 feet in the turning basin. The center dike which forms a foundation for the range lights in Maumee Bay is in poor condition, removal of the dike has been recommended. The costs for the existing project have been as follows: Regular funds: New work and maintenance prior to 1903 (not separable) $ 1,410,262 Maintenance since 1903--------------------------------5,381,202 Total_ - - - 6,791,464 Public works funds, new work_ - 3,690,000 Total, all funds_- 10,481,464 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated 1 $6,724,958 Cost- ----------------------- --- --------------- 16,724,958 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- $421, 000 $396, 269 $220, 500 $313, 300 $303, 000 5, 386, 347 Cost . - _ 416,288 400, 026 222,175 312,124 299,031 5,381,202 1 Includes $1,624,695 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project __ $464,700 1178 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 10. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report, amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Alpena Harbor, Mich.2 ........... _______... 1951 $328, 451 $114,519 (1) 2. Belle River, Marine City, Mich.2 5---- 1907 24,301 857 (1) 3. Black River, Mich.6 7 ............. 1951 140, 323 392,136 $194, 526 4. Channel between Mackinac Island and 1946 419,400 7,831 (1) Round Island. 5. Channels in Lake St. Clair, Mich-------..... . 1953 4,192, 782 1,291, 221 (1) 6. Channels in Straits of Mackinac, Mich., 1946 29,544 ..---------- (1) Poe Reef Shoal. - - 7. Cheboygan Harbor, Mich. ._ ...... . 1953 242, 510 133,311 (1) 1939 8. Clinton River, Mich.----___________________.................... 60, 046 53,410 (1) 9. Hammond Bay Harbor7 .................... 1951 19,833- 860,567 10. Harbor of Refuge at Harbor Beach, Lake 1953 1, 200, 598 1, 496523 (1) Huron, Mich.2 - - - - - 11. Harrisville Harbor, Mich.7 8.... .... 1952 21, 782 .. _ 1, 177, 718 12. Mackinac Harbor, Mich._'-__------......... 1953 77, 982 31, 623 (1) 13. Maumee River, Ohio, above Toledo 2 - 5 1873 7, 000 (7) 14. Monroe Harbor, Mich................ ...... 1953 9987, 340 p 578, 279 90,160 15. Pine River, St. Clair City, Mich.---------- 1907 13,647 1, 031 (1) 16. Point Lookout Harbor, Mich. 7 s 1951 2, 520 . _._ 1, 169, 980 17. Port Clinton Harbor, Ohio 2_--. ---..... 1951 71,950 92, 591 (1) 18. Put-in-Bay, Ohio 2___________________ ............. 1951 51, 747 1,512 (1) 19. Rogers City Harbor, Mich.2 5s... 2 1926 5, 666 193 (4) 20. Sebewaing Harbor and River, Mich. ........ - 1917 50, 573 8, 427 (1) 1 Completed. 2 Channels adequate for commerce. 3 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 4 Project 65 percent complete. 5 No commerce reported. 6 Incomplete. T Awaiting local cooperation. 9 Work suspended for duration of defense emergency. 9 Includes contributed funds. 11. RIVER AND HARBOR WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION -PROTECTING, CLEARING AND STRAIGHTENING CHANNELS OF NAVIGABLE WATERS (SECTION 3 OF THE 1945 RIVER AND HARBOR ACT) Section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the allotment not to exceed $300,000 from any appro- priations made for any one fiscal year for improvement of rivers and harbors, for removing accumulated snags and other debris, and for protecting, clearing, and straightening channels in navi- gable harbors and navigable streams and tributaries thereof, when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable in the interest of navigation or flood control. The operations during the fiscal year pursuant to this authoriza- tion consisted of the following work: Location Nature of work Contract or hired labor Costs Foot of Lake Superior...-___-...... ...... Removal of boulder_ Contract----.... - _ $12,562 -___ Gros Cap Reef upper St. Marys River... Removal of shoal.... U.S. dipper dredge Tompkins- 70, 308 Foot of Lake Huron_....----------- Removal of wreck..- U.S. derrick boat Erie.... 22, 200 The total costs for the fiscal year were $105,070, all for main- tenance. FLOOD CONTROL--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1179 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated ... ...... ---------- ------------ ------------------------ 1$187, 200 $187, 200 Cost................ ......................----------------------------------- 1184, 762 184, 762 1 Includes $150,000 appropriation, and $79,692 of prior year costs which were transferred from St. Marys River. 12. SEBEWAING, SEBEWAING RIVER, MICH. Location. Sebewaing River drains an area of about 105 square miles in Huron and Tuscola Counties on the westerly side of the Thumb area of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan and discharges into Saginaw Bay, an arm of Lake IIuron, about 20 miles north- east of the mouth of Saginaw River. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 5.) Existing project. This provides for the enlarging of the pres- ent channel of the Sebewaing River through the village of Sebe- waing, Mich., to a capacity of 7,500 cubic feet per second from the junction of the Columbia and State drains to a point 4,500 feet lakeward of the railroad bridge near the mouth, for altering the railroad bridge and three highway bridges to permit free passage of ice, and for removal of the present dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the railroad bridge. The project is designed to provide protection for the village of Sebewaing from floods with a frequency of occurrence of once in 15 years and with a magnitude greater than the maximum flood of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 286, 76th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The current (1951) estimated cost of construction is $380,500. The approved estimate (1954) for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. Local cooperation. With the exception of the furnishing of easements, and rights-of-way for the removal of the remaining portion of the dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the railroad bridge, all requirements of local cooperation have been complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. The continuing stream gaging program and sounding survey to determine the condition of the channel and extent of the shoaling were accom- plished at a total cost of $2,894. Minor repairs were made to the stop logs at a cost of $63. Due to the comparatively mild winter and early thaw, removal of ice jams was not required. The total costs for the fiscal year were $2,957. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work required to construct the project is 95 percent complete. The incomplete portion of the project consists of the removal of the remainder of the old earth dike on the south side of the channel lakeward of the rail- road bridge. All items of the project are in good condition with 1180 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 exception of the Channel which has shoaled to considerable extent throughout the entire length, and extensively at the upper end of the project and downstream of the railroad bridge. The costs have been as follows: New work_ - --- - $365,642 Maintenance ..- .15,321 Total -- 380,963 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-----------------------$858------------ Appropriated _ _ . . | -$858 ......... $365,642 C ost .............. _ _............ - ------------ - -_ $365,642 365,642 Maintenance: Appropriated _...._ $3, 000 2, 000 $2, 457 $3, 700 $2,000 16,157 Cost-....._........_ 3,665 2,263 2,691 2,185 2,957 15,321 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project_ - -- -$14,900 13. RED RUN, CLINTON RIVER, MICH. Location. Red Run, a tributary of South Branch of dOinton River, drains an area of about 70 square miles in Oakland and Macomb Counties, in the southeastern portion of the Lower Penin- sula of Michigan. Existing project. This provides for enlargement of the chan- nel of Red Run, from the intersection of Campbell and Twelve Mile Roads to the junction with South Branch, a distance of about 12 miles, to a trapezoidal section having side slopes generally of one vertical on two horizontal and a depth, from design-profile water surface (elevation 621 feet above sea level at the junction of Camp- bell and Twelve Mile Roads and 598 feet at the junction with South Branch) to bottom, of 13 feet; with bottom widths of 40 feet up- stream from the junction of Bear Creek, 80 feet below Bear Creek, 100 feet below Beaver Creek, and 125 feet below Plum Brook; with necessary local modifications of side slopes and rectifications of alinement of the channel. The plan of improvement will give substantially complete pro- tection against such damage as has occurred in the past and will result in an increase in the value of property in the areas subject to flooding. The existing project was approved by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 30, 1948. (See H. Doc. 628, 80th Cong., 2nd sess., which contains the latest published maps.) The estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $953,000. The estimated cost to local interests is $3,474,100. FLOOD CONTROL--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1181 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. The drainage board contracts for underpinning and replacing bridges over Red Run were the only work on the project remaining incomplete at the be- ginning of the fiscal year. Federal participation in these contracts is limited to the amount required for underpinning existing struc- tures. The following bridges were completed during the fiscal year. Federal Location Type of work cosrts--fiscal yatear 1954 Ryan Road------_ ----------------------- Replacement bridge ------------ -- $18,252 Mound Road --.-- .----------------------- do------------------------ 1, 718 Dequindre Road..............................----------------------------do ....---------------------------- 4, 855 Shoenherr Road....................------------------------- Underpinning bridge-------------- 142 Underpinning work on Fifteen Mile Road' and Maple Lane Bridge continued, Federal costs being $51,032 and $9,842, respec- tively. The total costs during the fiscal year, including final ac- counting for previously completed work, were $84,795, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is com- plete and in operation except for two bridges across the channel. These bridges, the Fifteen Mile Road and the Maple Lane Road, are 91 percent and 85 percent complete, respectively, and will be completed early in fiscal year 1955. The project facilities except for the bridges, were turned over to the drainage board on July 26, 1952, for operation and maintenance in accordance with re- quirements of the authorizing legislation. The costs have been as follows: New work: United States funds_ -$ 939,712 Contributed funds_- - 257,837 Total ------------------------------------------ 1,297,549 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.. --------- $500, 000 $430, 000 $ 40,000 ..---------- --$17, 594 $952, 406 Cost....----------------- 48,486 401,266 186,526 $218,449 84, 985 939,712 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_- $1,672 Unpbligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, .1955_-1,672 1182 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, inclu- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated. ------ 484, 000 -$50, 000 -- $434, 000 Cost_ - 10,041 $179,181 $139,904 27, 133 $1,578 357,837 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_----------- $75,163 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------- 75,163 14. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report, amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Mount Clemens, Clinton River, Mich..--------- 1953 2 $1, 136,008 -------------- (1) 2. Reno Beach-Howard s Farms area, Lucas 1953 4,467 -- $451, 533 County, Ohio. 4 1Completed. 3 2 Includes $202,996 contributed funds. Awaiting local cooperation. 4 Work suspended for duration of defense emergency. 15. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of work during the fiscal year was $102,587 for navigation studies, $35,817 for flood control studies, and $1,903 for special studies, making a total cost of $140,307. There were no accounts receivable at the end of the fiscal year. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year amounting to $1,478 for navigation studies, $640 for flood control studies and $1,103 for special studies, a total of $3,221, will be applied to con- tinuing work on the Maumee River Survey Report in the amount of $640, and the balance of $2,581 will be expended on unliquidated obligations for navigation studies. The additional sum of $33,500 for navigation studies and $40,600 for flood control studies, a total of $74,100, can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1955. Collection and study of basic data. The cost of work during the fiscal year was $2,000. The funds were used for Flood Emer- gency Studies in the amount of $215 and for International Water Studies in the amount of $1,785. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year, amounting to $1,000, will be expended for International Water Studies. The additional sum of $1,000 can be profitably expended during the fiscal year 1955 for miscellaneous flood investigations. 16. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Inspections of the completed local protection flood control proj- ects were made as required at a cost of $868. The total costs have been $868. FLOOD CONTROL--DETROIT, MICH., DISTRICT 1183 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated--...........------------ ----------------------- $1,000 $100 $1,100 Cost --------------------------------------------------------- 868 868 17. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATIONS Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) The operations during the fiscal year pursuant to this authoriza- tion consist of preliminary engineering and planning in connection with straightening and deepening the channel at the mouth of the Kawkawlin River, Mich. The costs were $2,017, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated--------....... ------------------ ---------------------- $38,000 $38,000 Cost-------- ......------------------------------------------------ 2,017 2,017 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954- --- _ ---- $35, 965 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955. ------------------------------------------------- 35,965 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) During the fiscal year, the construction of about 3,000 lineal feet of earth and rock-fill protective dikes at Camp Perry, Ohio, in co- operation with the National Guard of Ohio, was completed. The cost of the completed project was $150,000, excluding $28,670 con- tributed by local interests. The costs for the fiscal year were $138,218, excluding $28,670 contributed by local interests. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954. prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated------------- ------------------------ $150,000------------._$150,000 Cost ............--------------------.......------------------.-------- 11,782 $138,218 150,000 I~11-I i: ig ~calyear$15,0I Sig 38--1183-1214 1184 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------ $125, 000---- $125, 000 Cost --------------------------------------------------- $28,670 28,670 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------- - ---- $95, 570 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------- 95,570 IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT The district comprises a portion of northeastern Ohio, north- western Pennsylvania, and western and northern New York, em- bracing the United States waters of Lake Erie, exclusive of the western end, Lake Ontario, and the St. Lawrence River, with their tributary drainage basins from and including Sandusky Bay, Ohio, to the international boundary line east of Frontier, N. Y. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1' Sandusky Harbor, Ohio ..... 1185 19. Lancaster, Cayuga Creek, N. Y. 1228 2. Huron Harbor, Ohio ........ 1187 20. Batavia and vincinity, Tona- 3. Lorain Harbor, Ohio ........ 1189 wanda Creek, N. Y_ 1228 4. Cleveland Harbor, Ohio ,, 1191 21. Wellsville, Genesee River, N. Y. 1229 5. Fairport Harbor, Ohio__ 1195 22. Mount Morris reservoir, 6. Ashtabula Harbor, Ohio_ 1198 Genesee River, N. Y_ 1231 7. Conneaut Harbor, Ohio_ 1200 23. Dansville and vicinity, Genesee 8. Erie Harbor, Pa_____ 9. Dunkirk Harbor, N. Y ------ 1203 1206 River, N. Y- - ----- 1232 24. Montour Falls, Oswego River 10. Buffalo Harbor, N. Y ....... 1208 Basin, N. Y_________ 1233 11. Black Rock Channel and Tona- 25. Syracuse, Oswego River Basin, wanda Harbor, N. Y ------ 12. Niagara River, N. Y ........ 1211 N. Y 1216 26. Inactive flood control projects. 1234 1236 13. Niagara Remedial Works, N. Y. 1217 27. General investigations_.__ 1236 14. Rochester (Charlotte) Harbor, 28. Inspection of completed flood N. Y ....-... . . . ..-. 1219: control works 1236 15. Great Sodus Bay Harbor, N. Y. 1221 29. Flood control work under 16. Oswego Harbor, N. Y- 1222 special authorization 1237 17. Ogdensburg Harbor, N. Y. .. 1225 18. :Inactive navigation projects__ 1227 1. SANDUSKY HARBOR, OHIO Location. This harbor is located in the southeasterly portion of Sandusky Bay, 55 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. : (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 365.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 11, 1844; June 23, 1866 ; March 3, 1873; July 5, 1884; August 11, 1888; and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1960 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1574 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer channel 400 feet wide and 21 feet deep from deep water in Lake Erie through Sandusky Bay, a distance of about 31/2 miles, to the city waterfront docks. b. A channel along the waterfront about 7,800 feet long,' 300 feet wide, and 22 feet deep, ending in a turning basin generally 800 feet wide and 22 feet deep, and a dike constructed with the excavated rock on the north side of the channel and basin. c. Maintaining a channel to a depth of 22 feet, from the turning 1185 1186 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 basin northward about 3,540 feet, that portion opposite the Penn- sylvania Railroad coal wharf to a width of 350 feet, and north thereof to a width of 400 feet; thence 300 feet wide northeastward through Sandusky Bay about 7,700 feet, to a junction with the straight channel; no dredging to be done within 50 feet of the face of the wharf. d. Protection works consisting of a stone jetty on the easterly side of the channel, extending northeasterly from Cedar Point, a distance of 6,000 feet, with suitable pierhead; a short stone spur at Cedar Point; and revetment of the slope adjacent to the channel in the vicinity of the inner front light with a brush-and-stone mat- tress. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 6 feet above to 2.5 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $2,597,258 (excluding $325,000 contributed by local interests), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The (1954) estimate of annual cost of main- tenance is $92,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Construction of channel protection works..... _.- H. Doc. 362, 55th Cong., idsess., and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2708. June 13, 1902 Widening of straight and dock channels and deepen- H. Doe. 120, 56th Cong., 2d sees. ing to 19 feet. Mar. 2, 1919 Extension of east jetty to total length of 6,000 feet, H. Doe. 982, 64th Cong., 1st sess. I with pierhead on outer end; deepening of the outer, straight, and easterly portion of dock channels to 21 feet, and westerly portion of dock channel to 20 feet. Jan. 21, 1927 Deepening of dock channel to 22 feet ______..____ H. Doc. 584, 69th Cong 2d seas. Aug. 30,19351 Enlargement of turning basin and construction of Rivers and Harbors Committee rock dike. Doc. 2, 73d Cong., 1st seas.' Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of bay channel to 22 feet; and elimina- H. Doc. 328, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' tion from project of portion of turning basin and rock dike. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program, Nov. 15, 1933. s Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is an extensive coal terminal, con- sisting of three docks, adjacent to the turning basin at the westerly end of the dock channel open to shippers of coal. Located on the dock channel are 10 private terminals for the handling of sand and gravel, fish, miscellaneous freight, and passengers. The city of Sandusky owns a pier and two small boat basins. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. Two docks for passen- ger boats are located at Cedar Point. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 4, re- vised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 131,641 cubic yards of material and minor RIVERS AND HARBORS--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1187 obstructions for restoration of project depths in the channels at a cost of $58,332, and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $9,652. The total cost for maintenance for the year was $67,894. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1935 at a cost of $2,922,258 (including $325,000 contrib- uted by local interests). The protecting works are generally in poor condition. The east jetty has settled from its original eleva- tion of 4.3 feet to about 1 or 2 feet above low water datum and in some places has settled to below low water datum. The stone in the dike has disintegrated and settled. In many places the dike is down to low water datum. The controlling depth in the straight, outer bar, and bay channels is 21 feet and in the dock channel and turning basin 20 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $3,932,694, of which $2,597,258, including $599,500 public works funds, were for new work and $1,335,436 for maintenance. In addition, $325,000 were expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--. - - .- -. - - _.. --......-- .2 1... $3, 074,407 Cost ....... . 12 3,074,407 -------------------- ----- --------------- ------------------- ---_~. -- -------- -- --- 12 07, 7 Maintenance: Appropriated. $65, 587 $66,000 $58,000 $63,000 $69, 076 1,337,152 Cost.....----------------- 65,587 63,943 58,287 64,146 67,984 1,335,436 1Includes $477,149 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition, $325,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2. HURON HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie at the mouth of the Huron River, 47 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 363.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of May 20, 1826, and September 19, 1890. For further details, see page 1961 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1576 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a pier 3,170 feet long on the west side of the entrance channel, the shoreward 1,970 feet consisting of timber cribs with concrete superstructure and the re- maining 1,200 feet of rubble-mound construction, with a timber- crib concrete superstructure pierhead at its outer end; for a rub- ble-mound east breakwater 1,450 feet long, with a concrete light foundation at its outer end, founded on the rubble-mound; for a steel-sheet pile shore protection extending 200 feet westerly from near the shoreward end of the west pier; for a channel with a depth of 26 feet in the hard material and 25 feet in soft material extending from deep water in the lake to the south side of Wheel- ing & Lake Erie Railway Co.'s slip 1,' at the entrance of the river, the channel to be 400 feet wide in the lake and 300 feet wide in- 1188 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ward of the outer pierhead, narrowing to 250 feet at the head of the channel; and for the enlargement but not maintenance of the turning basin, 19 feet deep, opposite the Wheeling & Lake Erie Railway Co.'s ore dock. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5.5 feet above to 2.5 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $1,034,350, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $55,000. The existing project was author- ized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1905 Extension of west pier; construction of east break- H. Doc. 122, 58th Cong., 2d sess. water; removal of part of old east pier; deepening of channel to 19 feet; and dredging of sheltered area. Mar. 2, 1919 Widening of river to 200 feet; removal of remainder of H. Doe. 5, 63d Cong., 1st sess. old east pier; construction of new spur pier; en- largement of sheltered area; and closure of breach at shore end of west pier. Aug. 30,19351 Extension of west pier with pierhead at its outer end; H. Doc. 478, 72d Cong., 2d sess. removal of outer end of east breakwater and con- (Contains latest published map.) structing pierhead on new outer end; widening and deepening of channel to present project dimen- sions; enlargement of turning basin at head of channel; shore protection west of west pier; and elimination from the project construction of spur pier and dredging of sheltered area outside of channel limits. 1 Partially included in Public Works Administration program. Nov. 15, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The New York, Chicago & St. Louis Rail- road (W. & L. E. Div.) has deepened and maintained the channel above the limits of the Federal improvement. This company has a dock with a frontage of over 1 mile, which affords facilities for handling iron ore and coal. The Eastern States Farmers Ex- change, Inc., has a dock with a frontage of approximately 800 feet, adjacent to the ore dock. Three fish docks are private. A number of privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The town of Huron owns a dock at the foot of South Street, which is open to the public. The facilities are re- garded as adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 4, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during the fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 223,956 cubic yards of material for restoration of project depths in the channels at a cost of $62,718, made repairs to the east breakwater at a cost of $50,502, and per- formed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $5,973. The total cost for maintenance for the year was $119,- 193. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940 at a cost of $1,034,350. A length of 250 linear feet of the west pier timber crib and concrete superstructure conritruc- tion has been reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1189 concrete. An additional 1,700 feet of the west pier and portions of the east breakwater are failing. The controlling depth in the channel is 25 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $2,049,618, of which $1,034,350, including $561,252 public works funds, were for new work and $1,015,268 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 301 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - - -- i----- $1,304,139 Cost.- - -------------------- 11,304,139 1-- Maintenance: Appropriated - $ 61,000 $27, 600 $75, 867 .$8, 000 $117, 821 1,016, 776 Cost--------------- -- 140,920 23,725 81, 294 4,501 119, 193 1,015,268 1 Includes $269,789 for new work for previous projects. 3. LORAIN HARBOR, OHIO Laication. On the south shore of Lake Erie at the mouth of the Black River, 28 miles westerly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 357.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 23, 1828. For further details, see page 1961 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1580 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 60 acres in area formed by converging rubble-mound breakwaters with an aggregate length of 6,350 feet and having an entrance 500 feet wide between pierheads of timber cribs with concrete superstructure located at the outer ends of the breakwaters. b. Two piers at the mouth of the river 300 feet apart, the west pier of timber cribs with concrete superstructure 1,003 feet long, and the east pier 1,875 feet long, of which 1,763 feet is of timber cribs with concrete superstructure and 112 feet is of sheet-pile construction. c. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard mate- rial in the outer harbor and the river channel to a point 2,200 feet upstream from the outer ends of the piers, thence 24 feet deep in soft material and 25 feet in hard material to the upper end of the American Shipbuilding Co. drydock 2; thence for a channel of the same depths and generally 200 feet wide suitably widened at the bends, to the upper end of the National Tube Co. dock, with a turning basin 650 feet wide and 20 feet deep in the bend of the Black River immediately upstream from the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad coal dock, and approximately 690 feet wide and 17 feet deep opposite the National Tube Co. dock; no project dredging above drydock 2 to be closer than 50 feet to existing and future docks or bulkheads. d. An approach channel 16 feet deep extending from the outer harbor to the municipal pier. 1190 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinarly fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5 feet above to 2 feet below that plane. The actual cost of new work was $2,748,513, including $3,000 contributed by local interests, but exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $165,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1899 Breakwaters and extensions of piers to present di- H. Doc. 131, 55th Cong., 2d sess. mensions. and Annual Report, 1898, p. 2718. Mar. 2, 1907 Extension of 18-foot phannel from inner end of piers H. Doc. 560, 60th Cong., 1st sess. to Erie Ave. Bridge. June 25, 1910 Extension of breakwaters and dredging to depth of H. Doc. 644, 61st Cong., 2d sess. 19 feet in outer harbor. Aug. 8, 1917 Extension of breakwaters to present project dimen- I H. Doe. 980, 64th Cong., 1st sess. sions. Do.......- Deepening of outer harbor and river channel to Erie H. Doc. 985, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Ave. Bridge to a depth of 20 feet. July 3, 1930 Extension of 20-foot channel to the American Ship- H. Doc. 587, 69th Cong., 2d sess. building Co. drydock 2. 2 Aug. 30, 1935 Widening of 2 bends in river and enlargement of H. Doc. 469, 72d Cong., 2d sess. turning basin opposite National Tube Co. dock.1 Do....... Approach channel to municipal pier................. Senate committee 2 print, 73d Cong. 2d sess. -- Do..... Deepening outer harbor and river channel to Ameri- Rivers and Harbors Committee can Shipbuilding Co. drydock 2 to present project Doc. 51, 74th Cong., 1st sess.* dimensions and extension of river channel to upper end of National Tube Co. dock with turning basin opposite that dock. Maintenance dredging in Black River from American Shipbuilding Co. dry- dock 2 to upper end of the National Tube Co. dock was authorized Apr. 7, 1934, by the Public Works Administration. (3) Enlarging turning basin opposite National Tube Co. Specified in act. dock to present project dimensions. Mar. 2, 1945 Turning basin in the bend of Black River immedi- H. Doc. 161, 77th Cong., 1st sess.2 ately upstream from the Baltimore & Ohio R.R. coal dock. 1 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published maps. 3 First Supplemental National Defense Appropriation Act, 1944, approved Dec. 23, 1943. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. One iron ore terminal and one coal dock are open to the public. Extensive docks of the United States Steel Corp. (National Tube Div.) handle iron ore, limestone, pig iron, fuel oil, and sand, and are not open to the public. Two sand, one slag, and four fish docks are privately owned. The American Ship- building Co., has drydocks and facilities for building and repairing the largest lake vessels. A yacht club dock and several other pri- vately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The city of Lorain owns two docks without rail connections which are open to the public. The facilities are re- garded as adequate for existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 4, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 130,794 cubic yards of material for res- toration of project depths in the channels at a cost of $62,380, made repairs to the east and west breakwaters at a cost of $13,452, and RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1191 performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $14,329. The total cost for maintenance for the year was $90,- 163. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1951 at a cost of $2,748,512. An outer harbor has been provided by constructing breakwaters and pierheads completed in 1915, except the extension of the west breakwater to shore, which was completed in 1921. A channel through the outer harbor to the entrance to Black River was deepened to 25 feet in 1937, also a channel 16 feet deep to the municipal pier was provided in 1936. Deepening the outer harbor was completed in 1946. The entrance to the river has been improved by the construction of parallel piers completed in 1909. Widening of two bends in the river was com- pleted in 1934. The river channel and turning basin opposite the National Tube Co. dock were deepened to project depth in 1937 and 1938 and the turning basin widened in 1944. The protection works are generally in poor condition. The shore- ward section of the west breakwater which was completed in 1921 has disintegrated and settled and in places is below water datum. At various locations on the lake face of the lakeward section of the west breakwater stones have shifted leaving holes in the wall, and in many sections of the east breakwater the stones above water have deteriorated and shifted. The concrete superstructure of the East Pier is badly deteriorated. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the channel through the outer harbor, 24 feet in the river channel to the upper end of the Na- tional Tube Co. dock, 16 feet in the outer harbor channel to the municipal pier, and 17 feet in the turning basin opposite the Na- tional Tube Co. dock, all at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $4,711,238, of which $2,745,513, including $165,000 public works funds, for new work and $1,965,725, including $76,300 public works funds, for main- tenance. In addition $3,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------ ------------ $ 50,000 -$9, 000 -$3, 782 $3, 037,716 Cost -------------- ------------ 2, 423 34,794 ------------ ---- 3,037,716 Maintenance: Appropriated - - - $153, 000 128,600 142,000 209, 000 $88,910 1, 967, 615 Cost--------- - 158,480 129,377 145,438 205,808 90,163 1,965,725 1 Includes $292,203 for new work for previous projects. 2In addition $3,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 4. CLEVELAND HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of Cuyahoga River, 176 miles westerly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 354.) Previous projects. Adopted by acts of March 3, 1825, June 23, 1866, March 3, 1875, August 5, 1886, and August 11, 1888. For 1192 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 further details, see page 1962 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1585 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. Outer harbor 5 miles long and 1,600 to 2,400 feet wide, en- closed by a breakwater system comprising an east breakwater 21,270 feet long, with a pierhead at its easterly end, of which 3,300 feet is of timber-crib substructure with stone superstructure and 17,970 feet of rubble-mound construction, and a west breakwater connected with the shore, 6,048 feet long, of timber cribs with concrete superstructure with a gap of 201 feet about 662 feet from the shore end. b. A rubble-mound spur breakwater 400 feet long to protect the gap in the west breakwater shore arm. c. A main entrance 700 feet wide between arrowhead rubble- mound breakwaters extending 1,250 feet lakeward from the 850- foot opening between the main breakwaters, with timber-concrete pierheads at their lakeward ends. d. Two parallel stone-filled timber-crib piers with concrete superstructure, 325 feet apart, at the mouth of Cuyahoga River; the east pier 1,602 feet long and the west pier 1,440 feet long. e. A depth of 19 feet, with provisional dredging to 23 feet, east- erly from a line drawn perpendicular to the east main breakwater, beginning 800 feet easterly from the westerly end thereof, and a depth of 25 feet westerly from that line. f. An entrance channel 25 feet deep, through the outer harbor and between the piers up to the New York Central swing bridge. g. Improvement of the channels in Cuyahoga River to the vicin- ity of mile 5.8 and in Old River to the head of the Sand Products Corp. dock to a depth of 23 feet, the balance of Old River to a depth of 21 feet, with a turning basin in Cuyahoga River to a depth of 18 feet in the vicinity of mile 4.8. h. Replacement or pier reconstruction of seven railroad bridges. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by wind and other causes are from 4.5 feet above to 1 foot below that plane. The estimated cost of new work is $26,709,000 (1954). The es- timate for annual cost of maintenance is $7,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1875 West breakwater 1_ ____Annual Report, 1876, p. 558. Aug. 5, 1886 Part of east breakwater _ _ H. Ex. Doc. 116, 48th Cong., 2d sess., and Annual Report, 1886, p. 1865. Aug. 11, 1888 Extension of east breakwater _ H. Ex. Doc. 189, 50th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1888, p. 2005. June 3, 1896 Reconstruction of piers___ _ _ - - H. Doc. 326, 54th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1896, p. 2949. Dredging of channel between piers and outer harbor H. Doc. 156, 55th Cong., 3d sess., Mar. 3, 1899 to a depth of 19 feet; dredging to depth of 23 feet in and Annual Report, 1899, pp. June 13, 1902 any portion of harbor in the discretion of Secretary 3075 and 3078. of War. See footnotes at end of table. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1193 Acts Work authorized Documents June 13, 1902 JArrowhead breakwaters and extension of east break- H. Doc. 118, 56th Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1907 water. June 25, 1910 Removal of deflecting arm of old east breakwater and No printed report. closure of gap between old and new east break- waters. July 27, 1916 Pierhead at easterly end of east breakwater--...-------..... H. Doc. 891, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Maintenance and improvement of channels in Cuya- H. Doc. 707, 63d Cong., 2d sess., Aug. 8, 1917 hoga and Old Rivers to a depth of 21 feet to a point and Rivers and Harbors Com- Aug. 26, 1937 2,000 feet upstream from Clark Ave. viaduct and mittee Doc. 84,2 74th Cong., 2d 18-foot turning basin. sess. Aug. 30,1935s Deepening of outer harbor and channel between H. Doc. 477, 72d Cong., 2d sess. piers to present project dimensions, construction of 400-foot spur breakwater at the gap in the shore arm of west breakwater; removal of easterly 150 feet of west main breakwater; elimination from project of a 298-foot southerly extension of the west pier; and abandonment of inner 932 feet of shore arm of west breakwater. Aug. 30, 1936 4 Maintenance dredging in Cuyahoga and Old Rivers Rivers and Harbors Committee, for 1 year as an emergency measure. Doc. 39, 74th Cong., 1st sess. (s) Maintenance of the extension of the Cuyahoga River Specified in act. channel. 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Extension, maintenance, and improvement to a depth H. Doc. 95, 79th Cong., 1st sess of 21 feet of Cuyahoga River channel to present project limit.6 2 July 24, 1946 Improvement of Cuyahoga and Old Rivers to a depth H. Doc. 629, 79th Cong., 2d sess. of 23 feet and replacement or pier construction of 7 railroad bridges. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. 3 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 4 Previously authorized by Public Works Administration. 5 First Deficiency Appropriation Act approved Apr. 1, 1944. 6 Authorized by the Defense Plant Corporation, May, 19 1942. Local cooperation. Assurances required for the improvements authorized by the July 24, 1946, act were received and approved on May 3, 1949, by the Assistant Secretary of the Army. Negotiations for furnishing lands, easements, and rights-of-way are currently under way by the city of Cleveland. All other conditions are fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are approximately 48 terminals for the handling of various types of cargoes, the most important of which are iron ore, steel products, coal, scrap, cement, sand and gravel, stone, grain, petroleum products, automobiles, newsprint, paper, salt, sulfur, and fish. In general, the terminals operated by the railroads, which include two of the iron-ore and a coal terminal, are open to shippers of the commodities handled. The city of Cleve- land owns three terminals, one of which is leased for a miscella- neous freight and automobile terminal. The Corps of Engineers owns a wharf at the foot of East Ninth Street which is private. Several yacht club docks and numerous other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing com- merce. (See Lake Series No. 3, revised 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Reloca- tions consisting of replacement or pier reconstruction of railroad bridges over the Cuyahoga River was carried on by continuing contracts at a cost for the year of $1,646,195. Replacement of Bridge No. 8 was completed during December 1953; replacements. of Bridges Nos. 9 and 1 were continued and were 21 and 12 per- cent completed, respectively, at end of fiscal year; replacements of Bridges Nos. 15 and 3 were initiated during April 1954. Widen- 1194 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ing Cuyahoga River in the vicinity of Bridges Nos. 25 and 8, by contract, was continued at a cost of $4,522. Maintenance: Government plant and hired labor removed 265,- 346 cubic years of material and minor obstructions for restora- tion of project depths in the outer harbor and entrance channel at a cost of $115,040, made repairs to the east breakwater at a cost of $145,451 and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $16,218. Maintenance of the Cuyahoga and Old Rivers was continued and 614,429 cubic yards of material were removed, by contract, at a cost of $599,929. The total cost for the year was $2,527,355 of which $1,650,717 was for new work and $876,638 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 45 percent complete. The river entrance channel has been improved by the construction of parallel piers 325 feet apart, and dredging to a depth of 25 feet at low water datum up to the New York Cen- tral Railroad bridge. The piers were completed in 1900 and the dredging in 1935. An outer harbor, about 1,300 acres in extent, has been formed by the construction of an aggregate length of about 30,000 feet of breakwater, including converging arms, com- pleted in 1915. The main entrance has been widened to 700 feet and protected by converging arms extending lakewood from the east and west breakwaters, completed in 1908. The outer harbor was deepened, 1933 to 1935, to 25 feet at low water datum through- out the west basin, in the entrance channel, and over a portion of the east basin adjacent to the entrance channel; over the remaining portion of the east basin a depth of 23 feet at low water datum has generally been secured. Portions of the channel in Cuyahoga River were widened each year from 1939 to 1942. Removal of 150 feet of easterly end of west breakwater and construction of 400 feet of spur breakwater to protect the gap in the west breakwater shore arm were completed in 1935. A concrete base for a light tower was constructed at east end of east breakwater in 1917 in lieu of the east-end pierhead. Providing a 1,300-foot extension of the Cuyahoga River channel to the present project limit was au- thorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, and par- tially completed with Defense Plant Corporation funds during 1942. Old River to the Sand Products Corp. dock was deepened to 23 feet in 1952. Replacement of New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad bridge No. 25 was completed during April 1953. Replacement of the New York Central Railroad Bridge No. 8 was completed December 1953. The harbor structures require exten- sive repairs. Completing the remainder of the channel extension, widening portions of the Cuyahoga River, deepening Cuyahoga River to 23 feet, and replacement or pier reconstruction of five railroad bridges, remain to be done to complete the project. The controlling depth in the main entrance channel, through the west basin and between the piers, was 25 feet, and in the channel through the east basin, 23 feet. Depths elsewhere in the east basin within the project area range from 10 to 30 feet. The controlling depth in the Cuyahoga River was 21 feet; in Old River to Sand RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1195 Products Corp. dock, 23 feet; in remainder of Old River, 21 feet; and in the turning basin, 18 feet. The total costs of the existing project were $22,268,997, of which $12,111,612, including $616,767 public works funds, was for new work and $10,157,386, including $125,000 public works funds, for maintenance. In addition, $50,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .......- $1, 500,000 $237, 000 $1,000,000 $4,720,000 $ 500,000 1$18, 011, 642 Cost ---------------- 1, 975 991,394 2,033,728 956, 844 1, 650, 717 1 13,675, 765 M aintenance: Appropriated-------- 536, 002 637, 528 899,539 796,000 862,030 2 10, 311, 402 Cost-- -------------- 653,284 676, 403 915,771 632,743 876,638 ~ 10,157, 386 Includes $1,564,154 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $50,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_--------------$19,705 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------....... 1,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------___ ------------------------------------ 1,019,705 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project _ --------------------------------- 9,261,500 5. FAIRPORT HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Grand River, 33 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 346.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1825, and May 20, 1826. For further details, see page 1963 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1590 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 360 acres in area formed by a system of breakwaters comprising a west breakwater, 3,878 feet long, connected with the shore, consisting of 825 feet of timber-crib sub- structure with stone superstructure and sea slope, 2,553 feet of rubble-mound construction, and 500 feet of cellular steel sheet piling with concrete caps; and an east breakwater 6,750 feet long, of rubble-mound construction. b. A west breakwater pierhead of steel-sheet piling with con- crete cap and an east breakwater pierhead of timber-crib sub- structure with concrete superstructure. c. An east river pier 1,252 feet long, 578 feet of timber-crib sub- structure with concrete superstructure, the inner 674 feet not maintained. d. Removal of the old west pier and construction of cellular steel-sheet pile bulkhead 500 feet long and 300 feet west of the westerly face of the east pier. 1196 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 e. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard mate- rial in the outer harbor. f. A channel in Grand River 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide ex- tending from the outer harbor a distance of 2,000 feet upstream from the outer end of the east river pier; thence of the same depth with a width of 150 feet to the angle in the ore terminal, a farther distance of 1,700 feet; and thence with a depth of 21 feet, and with widths varying from 200 to 100 feet for a distance of 4,000 feet to the end of the stone receiving terminal of the Diamond Alkali Co., with a turning basin 18 feet deep, 760 feet long, and 400 feet wide about midway in this section. g. A channel in Grand River 8 feet deep at the upper end of and adjacent to the west side of the 21-foot project channel, no dredg- ing to be done closer than 20 feet from the westerly dock lines. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below that plane. The estimated cost of new work is $2,537,000 (1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $94,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 18251 Construction of piers------- ------------------ Annual Report, 1880, pp. 2147-2153. June 3, 1896 \Breakwaters and dredging outer harbor to a depth of H. Doc. 347, 54th Cong., 1st sess., Mar. 3, 1905 1 18 feet. and Annual Reports, 1896 p. 2956; 1903, p. 2084; 1905, p. 2349. Mar. 2, 1919 1,400-foot extension of east breakwater, present project H. Doc. 206, 63d Cong., 1st sess. dimension of east pier; and deepening of harbor to 19 feet. Jan. 21, 1927 4,000-foot extension of east breakwater at limit of cost H. Doc. 592, 69th Cong., 2d sess., July 3, 1930 J to the United States of T715,000. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 13, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 2 Deepening of outer barbor and entrance channel to H. Doc. 472, 72d Cong., 2d sess. present project dimensions; extending the west breakwater to present project dimensions with pierhead at its outer end; removal of west pier: and construction of bulkhead on west side of river channel. Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging of 21- and 24-foot river channels and turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee 3 ing basin in Grand River to present project dimen- Doc. 79, 74th Cong., 2d sess, sions. s July 24, 1946 Dredging of 8-foot river channel_----. ------------. H. Doc. 706, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 1 Modified 1830, 1881, and 1890. New work completed under previous projects. 2 Partly included in Public Works Administration program, Nov. 15, 1933. 3 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of January 21, 1927, requires local interests to contribute $304,000 toward the cost of extending the breakwater 4,000 feet, and dredge the chan- nel of approach to their terminal at their own expense. The River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930, waived the condition re- RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1197 quiring local interests to contribute to the cost of the breakwater extension. The condition requiring dredging has not been com- plied with. The act of July 24, 1946, provides for the 8-foot channel subject to the condition that local interests agree to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from the improvement. This condition has not been complied with. All'other conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. One coal dock does a general public busi- ness. Two limestone docks, 2 limestone and sand and gravel docks, 6 fish docks, a yacht club dock and 1 dock equipped with a derrick for handling small pleasure craft, are privately owned. There are no publicly owned terminals. The facilities are regarded as ade- quate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 234,564 cubic yards of material and minor obstructions from the project channels and turning basin for res- toration of project depths at a cost of $83,650, and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $10,- 083. The total cost for maintenance for the year was $93,733. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 99 percent complete. A length of 400 linear feet of the east pier was repaired with steel sheet piling and sand filled in 1949. The river entrance has been improved by the construction of an east pier completed in 1904, and the removal of the old west pier and con- struction of the bulkhead, completed in 1939. The east breakwater was completed in 1931 and the west breakwater in 1935. The river channel was deepened to project depths, and the turning basin was excavated in 1939. The outer harbor was deepened and the river channel was widened at its mouth in 1940. The harbor structures require repairs. The concrete cap of two cells of the cellular section of the west breakwater requires replace- ment. At several places along the remainder of the west break- water and along the east breakwater, the slope stone has disinte- grated and settled. The inner 274 feet of the east pier requires replacement, and the outer end of the structure requires repairs. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the deep- ening to 8 feet of the westerly portion of the channel in Grand River at the upper end of the 21-foot channel. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the outer harbor, 24 feet in the river channel for 3,700 feet upstream from the outer end of the east pier, thence 21 feet in the river channel upstream to the project limit, and 18 feet in the turning basin. All depths are re- ferred to low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $4,198,272, of which $2,496,654, including $187,772 public works funds, was for new work and $1,701,618 for maintenance. 1198 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ... 30, 1954, Includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ----------- .------------ ...------ .------------ . -----.------------. $2, 865, 594 Cost .. ------------------- ..... -------------------------------- ------- ------ 2,865,594 Maintenance: Appropriated --_ --. $ 89,913 $56, 000 $67,000 $140,000 $93,488 1,701, 684 Cost . . - - -- . 147, 422 52,462 72,295 139,439 93,733 1,701,618 1Includes $368,940 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project --------------------------- $40,300 6. ASHTABULA HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Ashtabula River, 59 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 342.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of May 20, 1826, March 3, 1829, July 3, 1832, March 2, 1867, June 10, 1872, and March 3, 1881, and modified by the Secretary of Army July 8, 1890. For further details, see page 1963 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1593 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 185 acres in area protected by break- waters, the west breakwater 7,780 feet long, and the east break- water 4,400 feet long, all of rubble-mound construction, except 430 feet of the west breakwater, which consists of timber-crib sub- structure and stone superstructure. b. A west pierhead of timber-crib substructure and concrete superstructure. c. An east light foundation located 600 feet easterly from the west pierhead, consisting of a concrete superstructure founded on the outer end of the rubble-mound east breakwater. d. The removal of 250 feet of the old inner east breakwater and of such additional lengths as may be necessary. e. An entrance 28 feet deep between existing breakwaters 600 feet apart; thence a channel of 25-foot depth and 1,100-foot max- imum bottom width through the outer harbor to the old inner east breakwater; thence 24 feet deep to the mouth of Ashtabula River; thence a channel 24 feet deep with a bottom width of 160 feet to a point 2,000 feet upstream; thence a channel 18 feet deep (except where ledge rock may be encountered) with a bottom width of 160 feet decreasing to 100 feet and suitably widened at the southerly end, to the upper car-ferry slip; thence a channel 16 feet deep (ex- cept where ledge rock may be encountered) with a bottom width of 100 feet suitably widened at bends and in the turning basin, to the southerly end of the turning basin; thence a channel 16 feet deep with a bottom width of 100 feet to a point 1,550 feet upstream of the turning basin; also an approach channel 24 feet deep, with a minimum width of 250 feet from the 24-foot-depth section of the outer harbor eastward to the New York Central Railroad Co.'s slip. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1199 f. Maintenance to 21-foot depth of that portion of the outer har- bor between the deepened channel and a meridian line through the westerly angle of the east breakwater. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by the winds or other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below low water datum. The estimated cost of new work is $3,114,000 (1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $101,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 1896 }3, Construction of breakwater...---------------------Annual Report, 1895, p. 3122. June 25, 1910 Enlargement of outer harbor by extension of west H. Doc. 654, 61st Cong., 2d sess. breakwater and construction of new east break- water; pierheads on lakeward ends of breakwaters; and removal of part of old east breakwater. Mar. 2, 1919 Extension of west breakwater to shore; dredging H. Doc. 997, 64th Cong., 1st sess. outer harbor to a depth of 20 feet. Aug. 30,19351 Removal of a portion of east breakwater, extension H. Doc. 43, 73d Cong., 1st sess. of breakwaters to present project dimensions, and removal of dredging restrictions in portion of west basin. Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging of channel through the outer harbor, chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee 2 nel of approach to New York Central RR. Co.'s Doc. 78, 74th Cong., 2d sess. slip, channel in Ashtabula River, to and in turning basin, all to present project dimensions; removal of portion of old east inner breakwater; and mainte- nance to 24-foot depth of portion of outer harbor. Mar. 2, 1945 Extension of river channel to the present project H. Doc. 321, 77th Cong., 1st sess. limit. 1 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 3 iron ore and 2 coal terminals with an aggregate developed dock frontage of 18,500 feet, all open to the public. There are 4 privately owned fish docks, 1 privately owned limestone dock, 1 limestone and sand and gravel dock, 1 salt dock, a large shipyard and drydock, and a car-ferry terminal. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. The fa- cilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 106,323 cubic yards of material and minor obstructions for restoration of project depths in the channels at a cost of $45,692, made repairs to the east and west breakwaters at a cost of $59,363, and performed miscellaneous inspection serv- ices at the project at a cost of $9,594. The total cost for mainte- nance for the year was $114,649. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 96 percent complete. The west breakwater was completed in 1915 except 580 feet of the inner end which was completed in 1923, and 1200 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U, S. ARMY, 1954 600 feet of the outer end which was completed in 1935. The east breakwater was completed in 1915; 800 feet of the westerly end was removed, and a lakeward extension of 700 feet was completed in 1935. The old inner east breakwater 1,200 feet long was com- pleted in 1909, and the westerly 600 feet was removed in 1913 and 350 feet in 1935. The 18- and 16-foot sections of the river channel and the turning basin were deepened to project depth in 1939. The channel through the outer harbor, the approach channel to the New York Central Railroad Co.'s slip, and the channel in Ashta- bula River to a point 2,000 feet upstream from its mouth, were deepened to project depths in 1940. The harbor structures require repairs. Portions of both the east breakwater and the west breakwater where the slope stone has pulled away the core stone has washed away, and the deck stones have dropped, require major repairs. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of deepening the upper 1,550 feet of the river channel and the con- ditional removal of the east inner breakwater. The portion of the outer harbor to be maintained to 21 feet has not been deepened to that depth, shale rock being above project depth over a portion of the area. The controlling depth is 25 feet in the channel through the outer harbor lakeward of the inner breakwater, 24 feet shoreward there- of, 20 feet in the east basin, 24 feet in the approach channel to the New York Central Railroad Co.'s slip, and in the Ashtabula River channel to a point 2,000 feet upstream from its mouth, 18 feet to the upper car-ferry slip, and 16 feet up to and including the turn- ing basin. The total costs of the existing project were $4,204,895, of which $2,856,873, including $536,648 public works funds, was for new work and $1,348,022 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated---------- .---------- -$335 --------------------------------- 1$3, 422,066 $ 48 13,422,066 Cost----------------- Maintenance: Appropriated-- ------ 52, 000 86,200 $23,800 $162,000 $121,740 1,355, 572 Cost----------------- 51,906 82,795 24,686 164,798 114,649 1,348,022 IIncludes $565,192 for new work for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project ---------------- --------- $257,100 7. CONNEAUT HARBOR, OHIO Location. On the south shore of Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Conneaut River, 73 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 33.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829, July 13, 1892, February 24, 1893, and June 3, 1896. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1201 For further details, see page 1964 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1597 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor, the deepened portion of which is about 142 acres in area formed by a system of breakwaters comprising a west breakwater 5,965 feet long, connected with the shore, with a 100- foot gap, 1,670 feet from shore, all of rubble-mound construction, and an east breakwater 3,675 feet long, 2,625 feet of which is rub- ble-mound construction and 1,050 feet of timber-cribs with con- crete superstructure. b. A west breakwater pierhead of timber-crib substructure with concrete superstructure. c. An east breakwater light foundation of concrete superstruc- ture founded on the outer end of the rubble-mound. d. An entrance 600 feet wide between the west breakwater pier- head and the east breakwater light foundation. e. An east pier, 1,008 feet long, of timber-crib substructure and concrete superstructure. f. A depth of 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard mate- rial in the eastern portion of the outer harbor, and for a depth of 20 feet in the remainder of the outer harbor, consisting of a tri- angular area with its apex about 900 feet southerly from the west breakwater pierhead, its southeasterly angle 800 feet westerly from the west pier, its southwesterly angle 100 feet from the west breakwater. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, which is 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 4 feet above to 1 foot below low water datum. The estimate of cost for new work is $4,990,000 (1954), exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $88,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Extension of east breakwater, construction of new H. Doc. 653, 61st Cong.,r2d sess. west breakwater; removal of portion of old west breakwater; and dredging of outer harbor to 19 feet. Aug. 8, 1917 Realinement of west breakwater; removal of remain- H. Doc. 983, 64th Cong., 1st sess. der of old west breakwater, and deepening outer harbor to 20 feet. (2) Removal by Bessemer & Lake Erie RR. Co. of inner 645 feet of the west pier. 1 Aug. 30, 1935 3 Removal of a portion of west breakwater; extension H. Doc. 48, 73d Cong., 1st sess. of breakwaters to present project dimensions; con- struction of pierheads on outer ends of break- waters; deepening outer harbor to present project dimensions; removal of portions of river pier, and elimination from project of a 255-foot shoreward extension of the west breakwater. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Permit of the Secretary of War, Aug. 5, 1927. 8Partially authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Local interests maintain the river channel 1202 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 to provide access to terminals in the river comprising 1 coal ter- minal which is open to shippers of coal, 1 iron ore, 1 stone, and 1 steel-products terminal, which are private. The city of Conneaut owns a terminal and a small boat lagoon on the outer harbor which are open to the public. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 2, 1950, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 82,683 cubic yards of material from the outer harbor for the restoration of project depths at a cost of $23,734, made repairs to west breakwater at a cost of $41,795, and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $6,448. The total cost for maintenance for the year was $71,977. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 71 percent complete. Under existing project, a length of 4,445 feet of the new west breakwater was completed in 1916; the old east breakwater, 1,050 feet long, was extended shoreward 800 feet (completed 1911) and lakeward 900 feet (completed 1923). The 1,670-foot shore arm to the west breakwater was completed in 1934. Extension of the west breakwater 830 feet lakeward, the east breakwater 925 feet lakeward, and removal of the lake arm of the west breakwater were completed in 1935; 642 feet of the old west breakwater was removed in 1916, and the remaining 600 feet in 1925. Two piers have been constructed at the mouth of the Conneaut River. Removal of west pier and 459 feet of east pier were completed in 1934. The east pier is now 1,008 feet long. A channel through the outer harbor was dredged to 25 and 26 feet in 1938. The inner 1,200 feet of the west breakwater was rebuilt to its original elevation during 1941 to 1952. At several places along the remainder of the west breakwater and along the east break- water, the slope stone along the lakeside is disintegrating and pull- ing away and the deck stone is settling. Other harbor structures are generally in fair condition. The controlling depth in the channel through the outer harbor is 25 feet below low water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to deepen a 320-foot wide strip on the west- erly side of the deepened channel through the outer harbor, to 25 feet in soft material and 26 feet in hard material, and to deepen the remainder of the outer harbor to 20 feet. The total costs of the existing project were $4,423,509, of which $3,270,447, including $1,010,500 public works funds, was for new work and $1,153,062 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1203 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated---.......------------- ------------ .... 4,075,719 S Cost ...----.........------------------------------------- ------------------- 4,075,719 Maintenance: Appropriated---.._ $64, 500 $29, 450 $64, 700 $169, 500 $90, 887 1,211,869 Cost---....- -- 70,632 23,667 75,255 164,009 71,977 1,192,846 Includes $805,272 for new work and $39,784 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-----_---- --.---- $1,719,600 8. ERIE HARBOR, PA. Location. On the southerly side of the bay formed by Presque Isle Peninsula, on the south shore of Lake Erie, 78 miles westerly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 332.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 26, 1824, and modifications were subsequently made by approval of the report of a board of engineers in 1855 and in 1865; by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867; by approval of the report of a board of engineers in 1870; and by River and Harbor Acts of August 5, 1886, and September 19, 1890. For further details see page 1965 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1600 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An entrance channel, 25 feet deep in soft material and 26 feet deep in hard material, 500 feet wide lakeward of the entrance piers, and 300 feet wide between the piers and into the harbor. b. A channel of the same depths and 600 feet wide from the en- trance channel to a line 50 feet outside of the pierhead line at the ore terminal, suitably widened at the junction with the entrance channel. c. A harbor area 21 feet deep, approximately 117 acres, extend- ing westerly from the 600-foot channel for a distance of about 2,100 feet to a line perpendicular to the harbor line 200 feet west of the city dock, with its southerly side 50 feet from the harbor line. d. An approach channel, 23 feet deep and 300 feet wide, from the 25-foot channel to and including a turning basin of the same depth 1,200 feet long by 1,000 feet wide at the westerly docks. e. An additional harbor area 18 feet deep, of about 35 acres, ex- tending westerly from the 21-foot area and northerly from the har- bor line off the public dock, to natural deep water in the bay. 1204 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 f. For harbor entrance piers 360 to 450 feet apart, of the timber- crib type with concrete superstructure, extending to the 14-foot contour in the lake, the north pier to have a length of about 3,248 feet and the south pier to have a length of about 2,215 feet, further extension lakeward of the north pier to be made when required to meet advance of said contour. g. A timber-crib breakwater 1,200 feet long (original length, 2,530 feet) with stone superstructure, extending from the inner end of the south pier toward the mainland, to maintain a closure at the eastern end of the harbor and for plant growth and emer- gency protection work on the peninsula. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordi- nary fluctuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 5.9 feet above to 2.7 feet below that plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $3,428,000 (1954), exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $73,000 (1954). The existing proj- ect was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents May 26, 1824 Breakwaters and piers; dredging entrance channel; Annual Report, 1915, p. 1965. and brushwood protection of beach of Presque Isle Peninsula.' Mar. 3, 1899 Deepening channel and harbor basin to 18 feet; repair H. Doc. 70, 55th Cong., 1st sess., and extension of piers; and plant growth and emer- and Annual Report, 1897, p. 3237. gency protection work on peninsula. June 15, 1910 Rivers and Harbors Committee Deepening channel and part of harbor to 20 feet...... Doc.26, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Nov. 28, 1922 2 Reconveyed Presque Isle Peninsula to the State of Pennsylvania for park purposes. Aug. 30, 1935 Deepening, widening, and straightening entrance H. Doc. 52, 73d Cong., 1st sess. channel, dredging channel at easterly end of harbor (Contains the latest published basin, deepening a portion of harbor basin, all to map.) present project dimensions; elimination of north breakwater from project; and limitation of south breakwater to a length of 1,200 feet. Mar. 2, 1945 Approach channel and turning basin to the westerly H. Doc. 735, 79th Cong., 2d sess. docks. Do-..... Protection of the peninsula south of the waterworks Specified in act. settling basin. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Public 366. Recommended modification of project. Modification of the ex- isting project to provide for an anchorage area by widening the 25-foot approach channel to the ore dock, from 600 feet to 1,200 feet, with the western boundary of the area 1,500 feet long and the eastern boundary about 1,900 feet long, at an estimated cost of $154,000 for construction with no increase in the cost of annual maintenance, has been recommended in House Document No. 345, 83d Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. Providing an approach channel 23 feet deep, including a turning basin, to the westerly docks, is subject to the condition that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: Provide and maintain a coal dumper and slip so that full utilization can be made of the RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1205 improvement; lower the waterworks intake line where necessary; and hold and save the United States free from all claims for dam- ages incidental to the work or maintenance thereof. These condi- tions have not been complied with. Prior conditions have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The developed waterfront has a length of about 2 miles. Two groups of terminals have been established along this harbor frontage. The westerly group consists of 3 piers, 1 of which is used for sand and stone, 1 for petroleum prod- ucts, and 1 for sand and petroleum products. The easterly group consists of 1 terminal for iron ore, limestone, and coal; 1 for petro- leum; 1 for coal; 1 for pulpwood; 1 for sand, stone, and petroleum; 1 grain elevator; and 1 municipal pier used as a passenger ter- minal. There are two smallboat basins in which there are docks for fish, marine repair work, and small pleasure craft. The fa- cilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, 1951, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 163,873 cubic yards of material and minor obstructions, for restoration of project depths in the channels and basin area at a cost of $38,655, and performed miscellaneous in- spection services at the project at a cost of $11,315. Rebuilding 540 linear feet of the north pier, by contract, and preparation of plans and specifications, by hired labor, for an additional 373 linear feet of the north pier, were completed at a cost of $211,206. The total. cost for maintenance for the year was $261,176. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 41 per- cent complete. The breakwater and piers were completed in 1915. A 3,050-foot section of rubble-mound protection work on the pen- insula was completed in 1921, 5,281 feet of steel sheet piling pro- tection work with stone facing were completed in 1930, and two experimental 300-foot stone groins and about 1,385 feet of stone protection work at beach 2 were completed in 1943. The construc- tion of 2,750 feet of stone protection work, just north of the Kelso groin, was completed in 1944. The 18-foot harbor basin was deep- ened in 1900. Widening and straightening of the entrance chan- nel was completed in 1936. The deepening of the entrance chan- nel and the approach channel to the easterly docks to 25 feet, except for small triangular areas along the southeasterly and southwest- erly limits of the approach channel, was completed in 1939. The 21-foot harbor basin was deepened in 1940. The harbor structures are generally in poor condition. In ap- proximately 550 feet of the north pier, the concrete superstructure has disintegrated, broken, and dropped. In the outer 200-foot section of the south breakwater, the slope stone on the channel side has pulled away and dropped. A length of 40 linear feet of the south pier and 540 linear feet of the north pier has been rein- forced and repaired with steel sheet piling and concrete. In ap- proximately 1,400 linear feet of the steel sheet piling bulkhead with stone facing adjacent to the mainland, Presque Isle protec- tion works, constructed in 1930, the stone facing has settled, leav- ing the piling exposed to wave action from the lake. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists 1206 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of dredging an approach channel and turning basin to the westerly docks, deepening the remaining portion of the approach channel to the easterly docks, and the conditional extension of the north pier. There is a controlling depth of 25 feet at low water datum in the entrance channel and in the approach channel to the docks at the easterly end of the harbor, 15 feet to docks at the westerly end, and 21 feet to the public docks, foot of State Street. The total costs of the existing project were $4,177,365, of which $768,075 was for new work and $3,409,290 for maintenance. In addition, there was a cost and expenditure of $154,500 from con- tributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ------ ------ ----------------------------------- ----------- $1, 505, 042 Cost ---------------------------- ----------------------------------- ------------ 1,505,042 Maintenance: Appropriated- .......-- $59, 800 $72, 000 $95, 000 $99,500 $327, 830 23,653,770 Cost..----------------- 60,511 71,031 91,454 31,206 261,176 23, 514,191 1Includes $736,967 for new work and $104,900 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $154,500 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project ---------------------- _ $2,659,900 9. DUNKIRK HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the south shore of Lake Erie, 37 miles southwesterly from Buffalo, N. Y. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 32.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1827, and was modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1867, by approval November 30, 1870, of the report of a board of engineers and by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896. For further details of previous proj- ects, see page 1966 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1604 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an outer entrance channel with depths of 17 feet in earth and 18 feet in rock, with a least width of 190 feet just inside the harbor structures, flaring to a width of 320 feet about 600 feet lakeward thereof, and extending to deep water; an inner entrance channel and basin to a depth of 16 feet, the west channel limit to be a prolongation landward of the west limit of the outer entrance channel to a point about 635 feet landward of the centerline of the west pier, thence extending to a point about 200 feet west of the west face of the city dock on a line parallel to and 25 feet south of the face of the city dock, thence extending eastward to a point about 420 feet east of the east face of the city dock, thence northerly about 270 feet meeting a line parallel to and 50 feet from the channel arm of the east RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1207 breakwater; removal of a rock shoal on the west side of the inner entrance channel to a depth of 17 feet; for a pier 1,410 feet in length on the west side of the entrance channel, extending to shore, 1,037 feet of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure, 151/2 feet with stone superstructure, and 3571/2 feet of the shore end not maintained; and for a detached breakwater extending eastward from the entrance channel, 2,814 feet in length, 987 feet of timber- cribs with concrete superstructure, and 1,827 feet with stone super- structure. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluc- tuations of water level are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by wind and other causes are from 6 feet above to 3 feet below that plane. The cost of new work for the completed project was $429,174, including $11,000 contributed by local interests and exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $22,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 18271 S. Ex. Doc. 42, 35th Cong., 1st sess., Construction of west pier 1 2........._________________________........... and Annual Report, 1866, pt. IV, p. 155. Mar. 2, 1867 Breakwater2 and excavation of entrance channel to Annual Report, 1871, p. 214. 13 feet. June 3, 1896 Deepening of entrance channel and harbor basin2 to H. Doc. 63, 54th Cong., 1st sess. a depth suitable for vessels of 16-foot draft. June 25, 1910 Removal of rock reef bordering the inner entrance H. Doc. 720, 61st Cong., 2d sess. channel. June 30, 1948 Deepening outer entrance channel to present project H. Doc. 632, 80th Cong., 2d sess. depths; removal of rock shoal on the west side of (Contains latest published map.) the entrance channel to a depth of 17 feet, and changed limits of the inner entrance channel and basin to present project dimensions. I Modified 1828 and 1852. 2 Complete under previous projects. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. A dock owned by the city of Dunkirk is de- signed for commercial use by large lake vessels. The terminal has been leased to private parties, but is open to all on equal terms under the terms of the lease. A yacht club dock and a privately owned marine service dock are for recreational and other small craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed minor obstructions in the project chan- nels and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the proj- ect, at a cost of $4,060 for the year, for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1951 at a cost of $429,174 (including $11,000 contributed by local interests). The protecting structures are generally in good condition. Approximately 800 feet of the lake side of the west pier has been reinforced with stone riprap, and repairs to ad- 1208 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ditional areas are necessary. The controlling depth in the outer channel is 13 feet and the inner channel and turning basin are 16 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $1,117,422, of which $418,174 was for new work and $699,248 for maintenance. In ad- dition, $11,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated ...... $362,000------------------------------------ -.. 2 $1,229,424 Costc 92,204 796---- $269, .. - .... ..... __. 21,229,424 Maintenance: Appropriated ...----- 77,000 176,100 -$5, 039 $4,500 $4,387 878,208 Cost- --.....---- .. --...... 62 102, 817 146,845 2,388 4,060 875,769 I Includes $811,250 for new work and $176,520 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $11,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 10. BUFFALO HARBOR, N. Y. Location. At the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of Ni- agara River, 176 miles easterly from Cleveland, Ohio. (See U. S. Lake Survey Charts Nos. 3 and 314). Previous projects. The original project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 20, 1826, with modifications by River and Harbor Acts of July 7, 1838, June 23, 1866, June 23, 1874, June 3, 1896, March 2, 1907, and June 25, 1910. For further details see page 1967 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1606 of An- nual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor about 41/ miles long and 1,600 feet wide, formed by a breakwater system, approximately parallel to the lake shore extending from Stony Point to the head of Niagara River, and having a total length of 23,704 feet, with entrances near the north and south ends, and consisting of the Stony Point breakwater (including the south entrance arm) 3,603 feet long; the south breakwater 10,289 feet long; the old breakwater 7,608.5 feet long; the north breakwater 2,203.5 feet long; a south entrance 550 feet wide; a centrally located circulation gap about 150 feet wide and natural depth of 20 feet; and a north entrance 1,300 feet wide. The types of construction are as follows: 9,550 linear feet of rubble mound, 14,154 linear feet of timber-crib substructure sur- mounted with 9,113 linear feet of concrete, 370.5 linear feet of stone, and 4,670.5 linear feet of stone-concrete superstructure. b. A south pier at the entrance to the inner harbor (Buffalo River), 1,760 feet long, of timber cribs and piles with concrete and stone superstructure. c. A depth of 25 feet in the south entrance and the portion of the outer harbor south of a line perpendicular to and 2,000 feet north of the southerly end of the south breakwater and a depth of 23 feet north of that line, with the westerly project limit 150 feet from the axes of the breakwaters and the easterly project limit 50 feet from the United States harbor line; and removal, to a depth RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1209 of 27 feet, of three small shoals located on the direct route of ap- proach to the south entrance. d. A north entrance channel, 800 feet wide with a depth of 25 feet in earth and 26 feet in rock, from deep water in the lake to the outer harbor; and a depth of 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock in the Buffalo River entrance channel from the outer harbor to the junction of Buffalo River and Buffalo ship canal, with the southern project limit 5 feet from the south pier and the northern project limit 40 feet from the dock of the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad Co. e. Channels in Buffalo River and Buffalo ship canal with depths of 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock to the upper Delaware, Lack- awanna & Western Railroad Co. bridge and to the Lehigh Valley Railroad canal, respectively, with widths generally of 150 and 125 feet, respectively, without dredging closer than 25 feet to dock lines except at bends, and with the rock ledge just above the Ohio Street Bridge cut back approximately 13 feet. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Erie, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordin- ary fluctuations of water surface are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations due to wind and other causes about 9 feet above and 3.5 feet below the plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $17,865,000 (1954), ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $290,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents May 20, 1826 Construction of south pier (extended in 1868) 1-....... Annual Report, 1868, pp. 222 and 232. June 23, 1866 Construction of old breakwater 1---..---------........... Annual Report, 1868, pp. 232-236. June 23, 1874 Extension of old breakwater 1_.... _ _------... Annual Report, 1876, pt. 2, pp. 569 and 573. June, 3, 1896 Stony Point and south breakwater 1-.......---........ Annual Report, 1895, p. 3153. Mar. 3, 1899 North breakwater 1_' . J_--_ H. Doc. 72, 55th Cong., 1st sess., Mar. 3, 1909 1- --- ----- . ..- and Annual Report 1897, p. 3245. June 6, 1900 Deepening entrance channel to inner harbor and re- Specified in acts June 13, 1902 moving rock shoal therein. Mar. .2, 1907 Dredging at entrance to canals at South Buffalo in Specified in act. outer harbor.1 Mar. 2, 19072 South entrance breakwater 1----..-...--------- H. Dec. 240, 59th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Extension of Federal project to Commercial St. and H. Doc. 298, Rivers and Harbors removal of Watson elevator site.l Committee Dec. 2, 61st Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Deepening areas A, B, and D in outer harbor to 21 H. Doc. 550, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Jan. 21, 1927 feet, and area C in north entrance to 23 feet. Deepening areas F and 0in outer harbor to 21 feet.... H. Doc. 1139, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Removal of shoal between entrance channel to Buffalo H. Doc. 481, 68th Cong., 2d sess. River and Erie Basin to 21 feet. July 3, 1930 Deepening areas H, I, and Kin outer harbor to 21 feet_ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doe. 1, 71st Cong., 1st sess. 4 Aug. 30, 1935 3 Extension of south entrance and south breakwaters, H. Doc. 46, 73d Cong., 1st sess. deepening outer harbor to present project dimen- sions, and removal of shoals on approach to south entrance. Aug. 30, 1935 Maintenance of channels in Buffalo River and Buffalo Rivers and Harbors Committee 4 Ship Canal to 21 feet, in cooperation with the city Doe. 54, 74th Cong., 1st sess. of Buffalo. 4 Mar. 2, 1945 Deepening the North and Buffalo River entrance H. Doc. 352, 78th Cong., 1st sess. channels, and deepening and maintaining the Buf- falo River and Buffalo Ship Canal to present project dimensions. i Completed under previous projects. SAlso Sundry Civil Act of Mar. 3, 1905. I Authorized in part by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 4Contains latest published maps. 1210 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are approximately 50 terminals for the handling of all types of cargoes. The most important cargoes handled are iron ore, coal, grain, limestone, sand and gravel, steel products, scrap, petroleum products, automobiles, cement, and sul- fur. In general, the terminals operated by the railroads and lake transportation companies and most of the grain elevators are open to the public. The city of Buffalo owns two wharves which are used as automobile terminals. The American Shipbuilding Co. has a drydock and facilities for repairing lake vessels. There are also several privately owned marine service, mooring, and supply docks for lake vessels and smaller boats. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, revised 1951, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Dredg- ing and rock excavation, by contract, for removal of shoals in Lake Erie in approach to the south entrance channel, and deepening of the south entrance channel and southerly portion of the outer har- bor was continued at a cost of $578,810. A cost adjustment of $6,432 was made on contract for dredging stage III B, Buffalo River, completed during fiscal year 1952. Maintenance: Government plant and hired labor removed ob- structions and 241,176 cubic yards of material for restoration of project depths in the Buffalo River entrance channel, north en- trance channel and outer harbor at a cost of $59,714; performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $18,- 452, and made repairs to the south breakwater at a cost of $34,627. Maintenance of the Buffalo River and ship canal, by contract, was continued, and 162,339 cubic yards of material was removed for restoration of project depths at a cost of $178,789. The total cost for the year was $876,822, of which $585,242 was for new work and $291,580 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 30 percent complete. The Stony Point breakwater was completed in 1899, a 1,000-foot extension was completed in 1914, 1,200 feet of the shore end were sold to the Lackawanna Steel Co. in 1918, and another 1,000-foot extension was completed in 1935. The south breakwater was completed in 1903, and a 300-foot extension was completed in 1935. The north breakwater was completed in 1901, the old breakwater in 1893, and the south pier in 1869. Removal of three shoals to 27 feet, on the direct approach to the south entrance channel was completed in 1954. Deepening of the 25-foot project area in the south entrance channel was com- pleted in 1954. Deepening of the 25-foot project area in the southerly part of the outer harbor was completed in 1954 except for approximately 800 feet of the northern portion. The 23-foot project area in the outer harbor and in the north- end entrance channel, has been deepened to project depth except for strips 50 feet wide along the harbor line and 180 feet wide be- tween the Superior Grain Corp.'s and the Merchants Refrigerating Co.'s piers. Buffalo River entrance channel has been deepened to 21 feet. The harbor structures are generally in good condition, except RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1211 at various points of the south breakwater and old breakwater where the slope stone on the lakeside has been displaced, portions of the stone banquette on the harbor side of the old breakwater have dropped, and the riprap protection along the lakeside of the northerly 1,200 feet of the old breakwater has settled. The controlling depth in the northerly part of the outer harbor is 23 feet, and in the north and south entrance channels is 21 feet. Controlling depth in the Buffalo River channel is 20 feet, and in the southerly portion of the outer harbor is 21 feet, at low-water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the deepening of the north entrance channel to 25 feet in earth and 26 feet in rock; completion of deepening the Buffalo River entrance and Buffalo River and Ship Canal to 22 feet in earth and 23 feet in rock; and completion of deepening of the 25-foot project area in the southerly part of the outer harbor; and the remainder of the 23-foot outer harbor area; all to project depths. The total costs of the existing project were $10,087,179, of which $5,353,034 including $655,500 public works funds, was for new work, and $4,734,145 for maintenance. In addition, $390,000 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ __ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 i 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated-_- .....- $550, 000 000 $900, ------------ $80,000 $658,000 $9,638,554 ------ Cost....------- 560,164 463,163 489,558 127,913 $585,243 9,630,620 Maintenance: Appropriated---..--. 208,800 250,000 236,000 287,000 298,040 26,630, 318 Cost ..----.....-------....... 171,867 211, 843 319, 287 304,077 291,580 6617,792 1 Includes $4,277,586 for new work and $1,883,647 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $390,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--__--------- $955 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------------------------------------------- 955 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project --------------------------------- 12,504,000 11. BLACK ROCK CHANNEL AND TONAWANDA HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This improvement is essentially that of the upper 131/2 miles of the Niagara River from its head at Lake Erie, Buf- falo, N. Y., to and including Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y. It com- prises the improvements formerly designated by three titles; viz, Lake Erie entrance to Black Rock Harbor and Erie Basin, N. Y., Black Rock Harbor and Channel, N. Y., and Tonawanda Harbor and Niagara River, N. Y. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 312.) Previous projects. Lake Erie section, none. The original proj- ect for Black Rock Harbor and Channel was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1829. The original project for Tona- wanda Harbor and Niagara River was adopted by the River and 1212 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Harbor Act of March 3, 1881. For further details, see items 5 and 7, page 1970 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1612 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 21 feet deep from Buffalo Harbor, north entrance channel, to opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, total length 131/2 miles, as follows: From Buf- falo north entrance channel to the foot of Maryland Street, Buffalo, a distance of about 4,200 feet, about 1,000 to 500 feet wide, with a short branch channel leading to Erie Basin; thence 350 feet wide, narrowing to 200 feet wide, 500 feet northwest; thence generally 200 feet wide through Black Rock Channel to the ship lock at the foot of Bridge Street, a distance of 3.3 miles, widening at the curve opposite the foot of Porter Avenue and at the angle immediately south of the International Bridge. From the lock the channel is 400 feet wide in the Niagara River to the natural deepwater pool at the upstream end of Rattlesnake Island, a distance of 3.4 miles; thence through natural deepwater to the downstream end of the deepwater pool at the Tonawanda waterworks intake crib, a dis- tance of about 4.7 miles, widened to 500 feet opposite the Colorado Iron & Fuel Corp.'s plant, by the removal of 200 feet of the west- erly end of Rattlesnake Island Shoal; thence 400 feet wide to the foot of Tonawanda Island opposite Second Avenue, North Tona- wanda, a distance of 5,000 feet, ending in a turning basin about 1,230 feet long and 1,250 feet wide extending to a point opposite Sixth Avenue. The project also provides for the removal of rock shoals from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal, and in the canal south of Ferry Street Bridge, to a depth of 22 feet; for a channel 16 feet deep, 6,800 feet long, and generally 400 feet wide in Tonawanda inner harbor; for a channel 16 feet deep, 1,400 feet long, and gen- erally 180 feet wide in Tonawanda Creek; for a ship lock at Bridge Street, Buffalo; for a bridge over the canal at Ferry Street, Buf- falo; for the repair and 800-foot extension of Bird Island pier; for the improvement and extension of the guide pier; and for the re- pair of the towpath wall. The project depth in the canal is referred to low water datum in Lake Erie, evelation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. The project depth in the river is referred to the river surface when Lake Erie is at low water datum. Ordinary fluctuations of water level above the lock are from 3.5 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and extreme fluctuations produced by winds and other causes, are about 9 feet above to 31/ feet below that plane. River fluctuations gradually decrease to about 70 percent of fluc- tuations above the lock when they reach North Tonawanda. The estimate of cost for new work is $11,300,000 (1954), ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $300,000 (1954) including $200,- 000 for operation and care. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1213 Descriptionof Black Rock lock Location: Foot of Bridge St., Buffalo, N. Y. (in city limits). Dimensions: Length between miter sills-----------------------------------------.feet- 650 Available length for full width-----------------------------------------............do__ 625 Width in clear (between fenders) ------ ----------------- --------------------- ...... do - 68 Depth on miter sills at low water------------------------ .------ ---............ do_. 21.6 Lift------ -------------------------- .--------------------- ------------- .. do 5 Foundation (lock): Bedrock. Dam: Fixed. Type of construction: Lock: Concrete walls; steel mitering gates. Dam: The dam consists of Squaw Island dike and Bird Island pier lying between the canal and Niagara River. The pier was built of timber cribs filled with stone in 1822- 34, chiefly by State of New York. Cost is unknown. Cost of lock .. ------------------------------------------------------------- $1, 037, 213.20 Approach walls and office storehouse___ __________ __--___--_______________- - -526,842.53 Total ------------------------------------- ------------------------- 1,564,055.73 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents H. Ex. Doe. 83, 50th Cong., 1st Aug. 1 888Dredging channel through Horseshoe Reef at outlet sess., Annual Report, 1888, p. Aug. 11, 1896 of Lake Erie and Tonawanda Inner Harbor, to 16 2066, and Annual Report, 1897, feet. pp. 3116-3120. June 13, 1902 Deepening Tonawanda Creek to 16 feet-----.... - H. Doc. 143, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report, 1900, p. 4152. June 13, 1902 \Dredging channel from Buffalo outer harbor to foot fH. Doc. 125, 56th Cong., 2d sess., Aug.: 8, 1917J of Maryland St. Buffalo, to 21 feet. and Annual Report, 1901, p. 3343. Maxr, 3, 1905 Dredging channel from foot of Maryland St., Buf- H. Doc. 428, 58th Cong., 2d sess. falo, to natural deep-water pool upstream from Tonawanda Harbor to 21 feet; construction of ship lock and bridge; and repair of Bird Island pier and towpath wall. July 27, 1916 Dredging channel :along Tonawanda Island, with H. Doc. 658, 63d Cong., 2d sess. turning basin at its downstream end at the foot of the Island, to 21i:feet. Mar. 2, 1919 Dredging triangular area at junction with Buffalo H. Doc. 1004, 65th Cong., 2d sess., Mar.: ;2, 1945f north entrance channel. and H. Doc. 92, 79th Cong., 1st ' •'sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Widening channel at foot of Maryland St., Buffalo..__ H. Doc. 981, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 3,:1925 'Wide ing canal south of International Bridge and H. Doc. 289, 68th Cong., 1st sess. rqmoval of westerly end of Rattlesnake Island .Shoal. June 26,'19341 - eOperationand care of improvements provided for with funds from War Department appropriations for rivers and harbors. 3 Aug. 30, 1935 2 Removal of rock shoals in Lake Erie entrance to H. Doc. 28, 73d Cong., 1st sess. -canal, and in canal south of Ferry St. Bridge, to 22 feet; enlargement of, North Tonawanda turning basin; extension of Bird Island pier; improvement of guide pier at the lock; and eliminatioin 150 feet of Tonawanda Creek channel from the upper of project. Mar. 2, 1945 Widening Lake Erie entrance to canal------------ H. Doc. 92, 79th Cong., 1st sess.3 1Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Authorized May 28, 1935, by Emergency Relief Administration Act of 1935. 3 Contains latest published map. Recommended modification of project. Modification of the ex- isting project to provide for deepening of the lower 1,500 feet of Tonawanda Inner Harbor and minor enlargement of the turning basin, all to a depth of 21 feet below low water datum at an esti- mated cost of $270,000 for construction and $3,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required, have been recom- mended in the report as transmitted by the Secretary of the Army to Congress on May 28, 1954. 1214 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are no freight terminals along the channel above the Black Rock lock. Along the upstream end of the channel there are 2 small boat harbors, 1 unused seaplane terminal, 1 Naval Militia dock, 2 yacht club docks, and several other privately owned servicing and stor- age docks for recreational and other small craft, and 2 State- owned barge canal terminals at Erie Basin. Below the Black Rock lock and at Tonawanda Harbor, there are 6 terminals for petroleum products, 2 for iron ore, stone, and pig iron, 2 for coal, 1 for molasses, 4 for sand and gravel, 1 for lumber, and 1 for pulpwood, all of which are private. There are also two State-owned barge canal terminals at Tonawanda, N. Y. There are seven marine service and supply docks for recreational and other small craft. The Corps of Engineers owns a wharf adjacent to the Black Rock lock, which is private. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. (See Lake Series No. 1, re- vised 1951, Corps of Engineers.) Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 19,791 cubic yards of material for res- toration of project depths in Black Rock Channel and Tonawanda Harbor at a cost of $18,359, removed obstructions from the chan- nels at a cost of $10,986, repaired 216 linear feet of the towpath wall at a cost of $12,746 and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $11,815. Operating and care; Black Rock Lock: The lock was in con- tinuous operation 266 days. The lock was closed January 4 through April 13, 1954, inclusive. The signal station located on the canal at the foot of West Genesee Street was in continuous operation 266 days, and was not in operation December 23, 1953, to April 1, 1954, inclusive. The Ferry Street Bridge was in con- tinuous operation 279 days and in operation during the day only for 70 days. The operating and care of the Ferry Street Bridge was assumed by the city of Buffalo beginning October 1953. The cost for the year was $180,000. Twelve thousand square feet of the west wall of the lock chamber were resurfaced, by contract, at a cost of $69,127. A study by hired labor, to consider replace- ment or modernization of Black Rock Lock and appurtenant struc- tures was continued at a cost of $476. The total, cost for the year was $303,509 of which $249,603 was for operating and care, in- cluding $69,127 for improvement and reconstruction and $53,906 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 92 percent complete. The channel from Buffalo Harbor north en- trance to opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, is complete. The different sections of this channel were completed to project depth as follows: Lake Erie section in 1909; Black Rock Canal section in 1915; Niagara River section from lock to deepwater pool above Tonawanda, in 1913; and Tonawanda section, including turning basin, 1921. The channel was further widened as follows: The triangular area at Lake Erie entrance to the canal was com- RIVERS AND HARBORS--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1215 pleted in 1922 and transferred from Buffalo Harbor project in 1945; Lake Erie section was widened at the bend opposite foot of Georgia Street, Buffalo, in 1924; Black Rock Canal section, just south of the International Bridge at Buffalo, in 1928, and opposite the foot of Maryland Street, Buffalo, in 1930; and Niagara River section in the vicinity of the westerly end of the Rattlesnake Island shoal in 1928. Rock shoals extending above a depth of 21.4 feet were removed from the Lake Erie entrance to the canal and in the canal south of Ferry Street Bridge, in 1937. Rock shoals extend- ing above a depth of 22 feet were removed from the Lake Erie en- trance to the canal, in Black Rock Canal, and in the Niagara River portion of the canal in 1948-1949. The Tonawanda Creek channel was completed in 1902. Tona- wanda inner harbor channel was completed in 1904. The enlarge- ment of the Tonawanda turning basin and the extension of Bird Island pier, were completed in 1936. The lock, including wing walls and retaining walls above the lock, was completed in 1914, and the 100-foot east wing wall extension in 1927. The guide pier connecting with the west lower wing wall was completed in 1916, except for the 200-foot northerly extension and construction of concrete platform in the angle. The upstream 100 linear feet of the lower West Guide Pier were repaired during 1951. The bridge at Ferry Street, operated and maintained by the City of Buffalo, was completed in 1914, and the lock-operating houses in 1924. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of the improvements and extension of the guide pier, as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, and widening the Lake Erie entrance to the canal. All structures are in poor condition. Both the towpath wall and Bird Island pier are badly deteriorated and require considerable annual maintenance. Several sections of the towpath wall fail yearly, requiring removal of stone and debris from the channel and repair of the structure. The operating equipment and controls for the Black Rock lock are antiquated and inefficient. The east channel face of the lock wall was repaired in 1953, and the west channel face in 1954. The upper wing wall of the lock has shifted laterally approximately 2 feet at the maximum point, and the con- crete superstructure on the lower wing wall is badly cracked indi- cating a possible failure of the timber-crib. The controlling depths at low water datum are Black Rock chan- nel 21 feet, 20 feet in the Niagara River section of the channel and in the Tonawanda turning basin, Tonawanda inner harbor 14 feet, and Tonawanda Creek channel, 12 feet. The costs of the existing project were $14,989,704, of which $10,066,019, including $1,764,922 Emergency Relief funds was for new work, $1,847,003 for maintenance, and $3,076,682 for oper- ating and care. In addition, the sum of $1,356,007 was expended between July 9, 1914, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of the works of improvement under the provisions of the perma- nent indefinite appropriation for such purposes. Sig 39--1215.1246 1216 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: { Appropriated------------------ -$26, 201 i 10, 119, 125 $__,, Cost .......---------------.. $ 106 - , 0 ._ , 3---10 10,119,125 Maintenance: Appropriated-......-. 457,200 333,000 $233, 000 $315, 000 $310, 000 s 6,294, 122 Cost ------------ 367,515 375,018 255,926 346,145 303,509 6, 284,614 1 Includes $58,027 for new work for previous projects. 2 Includes $4,921.94 of emergency relief authority administrative costs transferred from new work to maintenance upon conversion to programming and budgeting system July 1, 1953, by direction of Office, Chief of Engineers. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project__ ____ _ $----------1,238,900 12. NIAGARA RIVER, N. Y. Location. This improvement covers that portion of the Niagara River from Tonawanda Harbor, N. Y., to Niagara Falls, N. Y., a distance of 71/2 miles, and compensating works near the head of the river. The downstream limit of the improvement is about 16 miles from the mouth of the river at Lake Ontario. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 312.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of July 13, 1892, August 18, 1894, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1970 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1619 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the east channel from the downstream end of the existing 21-foot channel opposite Sixth Avenue, North Tonawanda, to the upstream end of the 12.7-foot channel near the Niagara Falls waterworks intake crib; and for a channel 12.7 feet deep and from 300 to 400 feet wide from the Navy Island channel (natural) to the foot of Hyde Park Boulevard (formerly called Sugar Street); Niagara Falls; N. Y. The project also provides for the construction of compensating works just above the contracted section of the river at Fort Erie, this work forming a part of the project for deeper channels in the connecting waters of the Great Lakes. The project depths are referred to the river surface when Lake Erie is at low water datum, elevation 570.5 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water level are from 3 feet above to low water datum, and extreme fluctuations, produced by wind and other causes, are from 51/2 feet above to 11/2 feet be- low that plane. The estimate of cost for new work is $3,350,000 (1954) includ- ing $2,887,000 for compensating works, but is exclusive of $27,563 contributed by local interests and amounts expended on previous projects.. The estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $9,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1217 Acts Work authorized Documents July 25, 1912 Dredging channel from the Navy Island natural H. Doc. 549, 62d Cong., 2d sess. channel to the Niagara Falls waterworks channel, and deepening the last-named channel to the foot of Hyde Park Blvd. all to depth of 12.7 feet. July 3, 1930 Deepening channel from North Tonawanda to the H. Doc. No. 289, 71st Cong., 2d Niagara Falls waterworks intake crib, to 12 feet. sess.' 1 Do..... Construction of compensating works .-------------- . Doc. 253, 70th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is one terminal, which is occupied by a builder's supply company, whose facilities are open to ship- pers of commodities for which the facilities are suited. These fa- cilities are considered adequate for the small amount of existing commerce. Two yacht club docks and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed obstructions from the project channels and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $8,593 for the year for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 40 percent complete. The east channel from North Tonawanda to the Niagara Falls waterworks intake and Schlossers Channel from Niagara Falls waterworks intake to the foot of Hyde Park Boule- vard, were completed in 1934. The work remaining to be done is the construction of the compensating works just above the con- tracted section of the river at Fort Erie. The controlling depth in the channels is 11.4 feet at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $549,894, of which $463,387, including $94,512 public works funds, was for new work and $86,507 for maintenance. In addition, $27,563 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated- ...... ---- 1 2 $531, 894 Cost .---------- -------- --------------- -- ------------------------------ 12 531,894 Maintenance: Appropriated------.. - $14, 500 $72 - $6, 000 $9, 042 87,115 Cost----------------- 14,572...... 5,841 8, 593 86,507 1 Includes $68,507 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $27,563 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project__________________________ $2,886,600 13. NIAGARA REMEDIAL WORKS, N. Y. Location. The improvement is located in the Niagara River adjacent to the cities of Niagara Falls, N. Y., and Niagara Falls, 1218 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Ontario, Canada. (See U. S. Lake Survey Charts Nos. 312 and 31.) Previous project. Authorized by Senate executive resolution dated November 27, 1941, ratifying Executive G, 77th Congress. For further details, see pages 2189 and 2190 of the Annual Report for 1949. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the following: (1) Chippawa-Grass Island Pool Control Structure ex- tending 1,550 feet from the Canadian shore out into the Niagara River parallel to the existing submerged weir and about 300 feet downstream therefrom. With the exception of an approach fill adjacent to the Canadian shore, the structure will consist entirely of piers and 13 movable control gates; (2) excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades lying immediately upstream from the Cana- dian flank of the Horseshoe Falls and a crest fill on that flank about 100 feet long; (3) excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades lying immediately upstream from the Goat Island flank of the Horseshoe Falls and a crest fill on that flank about 300 feet long. Construction of the Chippawa-Grass Island Pool control structure and excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades on the Canadian flank will be accomplished by the government of Canada. Excavation in the Horseshoe Cascades on the Goat Island flank will be ac- complished by the Government of the United States. The estimate of cost for new work is $17,100,000 (1954), ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. In accordance with Article II of 1950 Treaty, costs will be divided equally be- tween the Governments of United States and Canada. The annual cost for operation and maintenance is estimated to be $100,000 (1952). The existing project was authorized by a treaty concerning the uses of the waters of the Niagara River between the United States and Canada as signed at Washington, D. C., on February 27, 1950, approved by the Canadian Parliament on June 14, 1950, consented to by theU. S. Senate on August 9, 1950, and put into force by an exchange of ratifications at Ottawa on October 10, 1950. By letter dated July 14, 1953 from the Secretary of State to the Secretary of the Army, the Department of the Army was desig- nated as the agency of the United States to perform its obligations with respect to planning, supervision and construction of the remedial works, to obtain the appropriation of funds necessary to carry on the work connected with the whole project, and to dis- burse such funds in connection with the performance of the work. By letter dated July 28, 1953, the Secretary of the Army accepted the arrangements and designated the Chief of Engineers to super- vise the necessary planning and construction. Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. (1) Canadian opera- tions: construction of control structure was initiated during September 1953 by the Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commission. Vouchers from Canada in the amount of $798,565 were received during the year for reimbursement by the United States; (2) United States operations: plans and specifications for the work proposed on the United States flank of Horseshoe Falls were com- pleted. Engineering studies in connection with the project and RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1219 review of plans and specifications for work being performed by Canada were initiated. Construction by contract for excavation and crest fill on United States flank of Horseshoe Falls, were in- itiated during September 1953. Costs for the year were $115,235. The total cost for the year to the United States was $913,800. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the control structure by Canada was 10 percent complete. Construction on United States flank of Horseshoe Falls was 10 percent complete. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of con- struction work currently underway; excavation and crest fill on the Canadian flank of Horseshoe Falls and purchase and installa- tion of water level stage recording equipment. The total cost of the existing project at the end of this fiscal year is $913,800, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954; includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-----.......--- Cost------------.......... ... ------------ ------- - ---------------..-------------- ----------- ---- $1, 500,000 913,800 1 $1, 863,864 1 1,277, 644 Maintenance: Appropriated........------------- ----------------------------------------------- 212377 Cost--------------------- ---------------------------------------------- 12,377 1 Includes $363,864 cost for Submerged Weir, Niagara River, N. Y. 2 Costs incurred for maintenance of Submerged Weir, Niagara River, N. Y. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_----------- $37,204 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 2,000,000 ------- Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------------------------------------- --- 2,037,204 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project--------- ----------- --------- 5,050,000 14. ROCHESTER (CHARLOTTE) HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On the south shore of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Genesee River, 59 miles westerly from Oswego, N. Y. (See U. S. Lake Survey Charts Nos. 2 and 238.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829, August 2, 1882, and by authority of the Chief of Engineers on July 18, 1896, and March 2, 1897. For further de- tails, see page 1971 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1623 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel from deep water in the lake to New York Central Railroad bridge near the mouth of the river on an alinement centrally located with respect to the entrance piers, and with a width of 300 feet lakeward of the pier- heads and 200 feet shoreward of the pierheads, and a depth of 20 feet, and for a turning basin of the same depth, 600 feet in width, opposite the municipal terminal; thence for maintenance of a chan- nel 20 feet deep and approximately 150 feet wide to a point 200 feet upstream from the Genesee docks, without dredging closer than 50 feet to existing bulkheads; and for parallel piers of the 1220 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 timber-crib type with concrete superstructure, about 450 feet apart, from the lake to the pool at the mouth of the Genesee River, the west pier to be 3,036 feet long and the east pier 2,699 feet long. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake On- tario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot be- low water datum, and fluctuations due to winds are small. The cost of new work for the completed project was $78,614, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $90,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1829 Construction of piers 1-..............----------..---- Annual Report, 1874, p. 247. Aug. 2, 1882 Extension of piers to 15-foot contour in the lake 1----..... Annual Report, 1881, p. 2437. June 25, 1910 Concrete superstructure on piers 1,.....-- - -- -..Annual Report, 1905, p. 2393. Deepening channel to 20 feet--------------------....H. Doc. 342, 61st Cong., 2d sess. 3 Aug. 30,1935 2 Dredging of the entrance channel and turning basin, H. Doc. 484, 72d Cong., 2d sess. and the elimination of the inner ends of the east and west piers, all to present project dimensions. s Mar. 2, 1945 Maintenance of the existing channel upstream of the H. Doc. 139, 76th Cong., 1st sess. New York Central RR. bridge. 1Completed under previous projects. 2 Authorized May 28, 1935, by Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935. 3Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is 1 coal terminal, 1 inactive car- ferry terminal, and 1 municipal passenger and miscellaneous freight terminal, all open to the public. Two yacht club docks, and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks, are for recreational and other small craft. These facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 308,549 cubic yards of material for res- toration of project depths in the channels and turning basin at a cost of $80,137 and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $12,371. Rebuilding of 550 linear feet of the east pier, by contract, was commenced at a cost of $112,015. The total cost for maintenance for the year was $204,523. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1935 at a cost of $78,614. A length of 1,265 linear feet of the west pier has been reinforced and repaired with steel sheet piling and concrete. An additional 1,080 feet of the west pier and the lakeward 700 feet of the east pier crib and superstructure are failing, the crib filling stone has escaped and the concrete is badly cracked. Repairs to 550 linear feet of the east pier were com- menced in 1954. The present channel was completed in 1935. The channel is unstable and requires annual dredging to maintain proj- ect depth. The controlling depth in the river channel and the turn- ing basin is 20 feet at low water datum. RIVERS AND HARBORS--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1221 The total costs of the existing project were $1,622,760, of which $78,614 was for new work and $1,544,146 for maintenance. These costs include Emergency Relief funds in the amount of $57,284, of which $56,806 was for new work and $478 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .... _ _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501.2 New work: Appropriated.. ----------- ..... ------------. . ------------ ---------------------- :-$ 326,408 Cost------.. -------------------------- .....---.. 326,408 Maintenance: Appropriated --...--- $ 69,339 $54, 000 $54, 500 $144,000 $267, 378 2,298, 657 Cost 114,154 56,802 61,506 72,656 204,523 2,161, 675 I Includes $247,794 for new work and $617,529 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $478 of emergency relief authority administrative costs transferred from new work to main- tenance upon conversion to Programming and Budgeting System July 1, 1953 by direction of Office, Chief of Engineers. 15. GREAT SODUS BAY HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On Sodus Bay, which is a nearly landlocked indenta- tion of the south shore of Lake Ontario, 29 miles westerly from Oswego, N. Y. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 234.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1829, and June 23, 1866. For further details, see page 1972 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1626 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel paral- lel to the entrance piers, extending from deep water in the lake to deep water in the bay, 22 feet deep and 300 feet wide to just lake- ward of the pierheads, thence narrowing to 200-foot width with 20-foot depth between the piers, widening to 300-foot width with 20-foot depth to deep water in Great Sodus Bay; for parallel piers, 450 feet apart, of timber-cribs with concrete superstructure, the west pier 1,580 feet long and the east pier 1,294 feet long; for an east breakwater, 1,653 feet long, of timber-cribs with concrete su- perstructure, extending from the inner end of the east pier to Charles Point; and for a west breakwater, 2,200 feet long, of stone- filled timber-cribs, extending from the inner end of the west pier to Sodus Point, not maintained. The project depth is referred to low water datum for Lake On- tario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot be- low low water datum, and fluctuations due to wind are small. The cost of new work for the completed project was $249,187, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $20,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1222 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 2, 1829 Construction of piers and breakwater 1...------------ Annual Report, 1876, pt. II, p. 589. Aug. 2, 1882 Extension of piers to 15-foot contour in the lake...... Annual Report, 1881, p. 2442. Mar. 3,1925 Deepening and widening of channel to 18-foot depth H. Doc. 192, 68th Cong., 1st sess.' and 150-foot width. July 3, 1930 Widening channel lakeward of the piers to 250 feet ... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 17, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30 1935 Dredging channel to present project dimensions-_.... Rivers and Harbors Committee s Doc. 23, 72d Cong., 1st sess. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There is one coal terminal which is open to shippers of coal, one fish dock which is private, and one passenger tour boat dock. A yacht club dock and several other privately owned servicing and storage docks are for recreational and other small craft. These terminals are considered adequate for the ex- isting commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 15,695 cubic yards of material for the res- toration of project depths in the channel at a cost of $11,804 and performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $5,254. The total cost of maintenance for the year was $17,058. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940 at a cost of $249,187. The piers are generally in poor condition. In a 450-foot section of the east pier and a 900-foot section of the west pier, the concrete superstructure is badly dis- integrated and cracked. The controlling depths are 22 feet in the entrance channel, and 20 feet in the channel between the piers. The total costs of the existing project were $960,084, of which $249,187 was for new work, and $710,897 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated _ ..... -$610,- - -.---- '.. 959 Cost . - .. . . . .. . . . ..- ':-610, 959 Maintenance: Appropriated $13, 500 $10, 500 1 -$2, 500 $13, 300 $17,020 712, 037 Cost ............. -. 10, 939 9,842 2, 205 12,245 17, 058 710, 897 Includes $361,772 for new work for previous projects. 16. OSWEGO HARBOR, N. Y. Location. On the south shore of Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Oswego River, 59 miles easterly from Rochester, N. Y. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 225.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1827, March 2, 1831, June 23, 1866, July 25, 1868, July 11, 1870, March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, the Sundry Civil Act of March 3, 1893, and River and Harbor Acts of August 18, 1894, RIVERS AND HARBORS-,-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1223 June 3, 1896, March 2, 1907, and March 2, 1919. For further de- tails, see page 1973 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 163Q of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for the following: a. An outer harbor, about 280 acres in area, formed by a system of breakwaters comprising an outer west breakwater 4,478 feet long connected with the shore, consisting of 4,359 feet of stone- filled timber cribs with concrete superstructure and 119 feet of rubble-mound construction; a west arrowhead rubble-mound break- water 2,700 feet long; an east arrowhead rubble-mound breakwater about 1,180 feet long; an'd an outer east rubble-mound breakwater about 4,900 feet long, connected with the shore. b. A depth of 21 feet in soft material and 22 feet in hard mate- rial in the west outer harbor west of the east side of the Lacka- wanna coal dock; a depth of 21 feet in the outer harbor between the arrowhead breakwaters, in the west outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, and between the harbor lines in the Oswego River north of the north line of Seneca Street; no dredging to be done within 100 feet of the breakwaters nor within 50 feet of the established harbor lines, except in the river. c. A channel 250 feet wide in the east outer harbor, and an ir- regular shaped basin at the easterly end, with depths of 18 feet in soft material and 19 feet in hard material. d. Maintenance of 145 feet of the west inner breakwater. The project depths are referred to low water datum for Lake Ontario, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordi- nary fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum, and fluctuations due to wind are small. The estimate of cost for new work is $17,917,000 (1954). The estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $62,700 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 11, 1870 Construction of outer west breakwater 1....-------- Annual Report 1870, pp. 54, 220, and 221. Mar. 2, 1907 Repair of outer west breakwater under plan (A) '.... H. Doc. 55, 58th Cong., 2d sees. July 3, 1930 Construction of arrowhead breakwaters; deepening Rivers and Harbors Committee outer harbor between the arrowhead breakwaters, Doc. 24, 71st Cong., 2d sess. the west outer harbor east of Delaware, Lacka- wanna & Western coal dock, and Oswego River north of Seneca St., to 21 feet; and deepening west outer harbor, west of Delaware, Lackawanna & Western coal dock, to 16 feet. Aug. 30, 1935 Widening of channel to harbor lines in Oswego River Rivers and Harbors Committee north of Seneca St. Doc. 7, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' Oct. 17, 1940 Closing the gap in the west breakwater; deepening H. Doc. 96, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' the west outer harbor, west of the east line of the Lackawanna coal dock, to project depth. 2 June 30, 1948 Construction of east outer breakwater; removal of H. Doc. 722, 80th Cong., 2d sess. inner end of east arrowhead breakwater; and dredging channel and basin in east outer harbor. 1 Completed under previous projects. 2 Contains latest published map. Recommended modifications of project. Modifications of the ex- isting project to provide for a detached breakwater 850 feet long at the harbor entrance, and the removal of shoals to a depth of 25 feet below low water datum in the approach to the entrance, all at 1224 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 an estimated cost of $1,811,000 for construction and $5,000 an- nually for maintenance in addition to that now required, have been recommended in House Document No. 487, 81st Congress, 2nd session, Local cooperation. The act of June 30, 1948, provides for con- struction of the east outer harbor, provided local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, ease- ments, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the project and subsequent maintenance, as and when required; hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; construct a wharf about 1,300 feet long, including the necessary extension of the water in- take line, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engi- neers, and construct handling and storage facilities of such design and capacity as to insure expeditious handling and adequate stor- age for the wood pulp required by paper mills in the vicinity, and for prospective commerce in soybeans; dredge and maintain the area between the project limit and wharf face to project depth; and agree to receive, handle and store, at reasonable and equal terms to all, the wood pulp requirements of paper mills in the vicinity. As- surances of local cooperation were furnished and submitted for approval. The assurances were returned without action because they were not in strict accordance with the requirements. Nego- tiations are in progress to obtain the revised assurances. All prior conditions have been complied with. Terminal facilities. One coal terminal and two State-owned terminals for grain and barge canal traffic are open to the public. Two terminals for coal, 1 for cement, 1 for woodpulp, and 1 for fish are private. One dock owned by the State naval militia and one by the city of Oswego are used by recreational craft. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor removed 65,669 cubic yards of material for res- toration of project depths in the outer harbor at a cost of $15,536; made repairs to the west breakwater at a cost of $40,513; and per- formed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $7,167. The total cost of maintenance for the year was $63,216. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 30 percent complete. The west outer breakwater was completed in 1882, and was originally 6,032 feet long with a 119-foot gap near the westerly end, but was reduced to 4,359 feet in 1931, and the gap was closed in 1942. The west arrowhead breakwater was com- pleted in 1931, and the east arrowhead breakwater in 1932. The old lighthouse pier, a part of the west inner breakwater, and the upper and lower islands in Oswego River, were removed in 1931. A depth of 21 feet was obtained in Oswego River to within 50 feet of the harbor line and in the outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, except a strip about 200 feet wide along the harbor line east of the mouth of the river, in 1932. The channel in Oswego River was widened to the harbor lines in 1937. A channel, 16 feet deep and 100 feet wide, with a turning basin at its westerly end, was dredged in 1932 in the outer harbor west of the Lackawanna RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1225 coal dock. The channel was widened to 250 feet and deepened to 21 feet below low water datum in 1948. The breakwaters are gen- erally in fair condition except that the riprap protection along the lake side of the old west breakwater for a length of approximately 1,000 feet has settled, and a 400-foot portion of the concrete section has disintegrated and broken; slope stone in portions of the west arrowhead breakwater has disintegrated and settled and the core stone in a 1,500-foot section of the west breakwater has settled in many places. A depth of 21 feet at low water datum is available in the Oswego River to the north line of Seneca Street, and in the outer harbor east of the Lackawanna coal dock, except in a 200-foot-wide strip along the harbor line east of the mouth of the Oswego River which has a controlling depth of 18 feet. The 250-foot channel in the outer harbor west of the Lackawanna coal dock and the turning basin have a controlling depth of 21 feet at low water datum. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is the deepening of the 200-foot strip along the harbor line east of the Oswego River, deepening the remainder of the outer harbor west of the Lackawanna coal dock, and construction of the east outer harbor. The total costs of the existing project were $5,080,060, of which $4,260,354 was for new work and $819,706 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - - -$867 - -- - $5,448, 332 Cost.. -- -- - ---------------------------- --------- 5,448,332 Maintenance: Appropriated__ $56, 000 32, 000 $6, 000 $57, 000 $62, 836 1 1, 766,461 Cost . . . 55, 911 33,708 5,519 56,619 63,216 '1765,390 1 Includes $1,187,977 for new work and $945,684 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project __ $13, 656,600 17. OGDENSBURG HARBOR, N. Y. Location. This harbor is located on the south bank of the St. Lawrence River, 62 miles by water from Lake Ontario. (See U. S. Lake Survey Chart No. 13.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 2, 1867, August 2, 1882, and September 19,1890, by author- ity of the Chief of Engineers dated February 27, 1897; and by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1899. For further details of previous projects, see page 1975 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1635 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an upper entrance channel 400 feet wide, a city waterfront channel 350 feet wide, and for a lower entrance channel 250 feet wide, all suitably widened at en- trances to, and at angles in channels and all 19 feet deep; and for a lower basin 2,400 to 3,500 feet wide and 21 feet deep, extending 1226 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 from deep water in the river to within 50 feet of the existing dock lines. The project depths are referred to the river surface when Lake Ontario is at low water datum, elevation 244 feet above mean tide at New York. Ordinary seasonal fluctuations of water surface are from 4 feet above to 0.5 foot below low water datum. Other fluc- tuations due to wind and other causes are small. The estimate of cost for new work is $558,000 (1954), exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimate for an- nual cost of maintenance is $20,000 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Deepening the several channels to 19 feet----------............. H. Doc. 920, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2, 1919 Widening upper entrance channel to 400 feet, and H. Doc. 663, 64th Cong., 1st sess. city front to 350 feet. 2 Aug. 30, 1935 Enlarging and deepening lower basin to 21 feet, and H. Doc. 266, 72d Cong., 1st sess. removal of old elevator wharf. 1 Authorized by Public Works Administration, Sept. 6, 1933. 2Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Two terminals for coal, 5 for petroleum products, 2 for pulpwood, and 1 for sand, are private. There is a car-ferry terminal and a terminal for a passenger and automobile ferry. The city of Ogdensburg owns a terminal which is used by large passenger vessels, and is open to the public. The facilities are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Government plant and hired labor performed miscellaneous inspection services at the project at a cost of $5,023 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 95 percent complete. The channels were deepened to 19 feet in 1913. The upper entrance channel was widened to 400 feet in 1920 and to 700 feet in 1935. Removal of the elevator wharf and deepening of the lower basin were completed in 1935, except for the removal of hard-material shoals, which remains to be done to complete the project. There is a controlling depth of 17 feet in the channels, and a depth of 20 feet in the lower basin, at low water datum. The total costs of the existing project were $798,504, of which $375,086, including $174,549 Public Works funds, were for new work and $423,418 for maintenance. RIVERS AND HARBORS-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1227 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated .................... - - $646, 465 Cost ............ 646,465 Maintenance: Appropriated ....-. $11, 500 $14, 000 -$1, 000 $1, 500 $6, 015 555,907 Cost--------------..10,035 10,002 4,163 816 5,023 553,930 1Includes $271,380 for new work and $130,512 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project ______________________________ $182,900 18. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last _ ____ ___Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance ------------------- 1. Barcelona Harbor, N. Y...................... 1947 $72,216 ......_------__ 1 $1,026,900 2. Big (Cunningham) Creek, Ohio 2-........... (3) 4 19, 763 ........................-- 3. Black River Harbor, N. Y. 6------..-..... . (3) 42, 401 . 4. Cape Vincent Harbor, N. Y................ 1951 275,082 $36,254 159, 200 5. Cattaraugus Creek, N. Y. ------------------.................. 7- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (3) 57, 410 6. Grand View Bay, N. Y. 1948 1,524 ----- 424,600 7. Grasse River (Massena), N. Y.5, -... 1891 4 9, 000 8. Little Sodus Bay Harbor, N. Y.1-- --------1953 69,066 535,071 9. Morristown Harbor, N. Y___ . -__ ------- 1949 6,221 9,106 10. Oak Orchard Harbor, N. Y.----------------- ................. 1947 214,110 -------------- 624,500 7 Y.10-- .o.. 11. Olcott Harbor, N. - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_-------...... - - - - - - - - -1953 - - - - - - - - - - -140, - - - 210 - - - -699 - - - - - - - - - 283, -- -- - 12. Port Bay, N. Y. .. - . 2 737,000 13. Port Ontario Harbor, N. Y__----------, .. -1949 56,904 -------------- 3 961,100 14. Pultneyville Harbor, N. Y4.................. 41934 68, 219 20,087- .. 15. Rocky River, Ohio 10 - .1953 8.3,971 59,364 16. Sackets Harbor, N. Y....-.---......-.-.-..-- 1948 25,010- --- - . 379, 000 17. St. Lawrence River between Ogdensburg, N. Y., and Lake Ontario - - - -1 - - - - .....- - - - --- -- -- - 1935 515, 978 ........------ 1,962,000 18. Sandusky River, Ohio 5... 1894 458, 000 19. Vermillion Harbor, Ohio...................... 1949 133, 278 60, 581 20. Waddington Harbor, N. Y.l................. 1932 435,500 -' 20,000 21. Wilson Harbor, N. Y.10.....................-------------------- 1953 387,319 44, 256 ..----- Local interests required to contribute $7,500 additional. 21 No commerce reported. 43 Only information available is in index to the reports of the Chief of Engineers. Amount includes maintenance; not separable. 5 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess. 67 Abandonment recommended in Ex. Doe. 16, 35th Cong., 1st sess. No work proposed pending compliance with conditions of local cooperation. 8 Local interests required to contribute $79,300 additional. * Channel improved by local interests. 10 Completed. 11 Local interests required to contribute $170,700 additional. "s Local interests required to contribute $200,000 additional. is Local interests required to contribute $211,300 additional. 14 Abandonment recommended in H. Doc. 375, 64th Cong., 1st sess. t1 Channels adequate for existing commerce. 1t No work has been done on the existing project, and none is proposed pending consideration of major improvement of St. Lawrence River. ITLocal interests required to contribute $28,000 additional. 1228 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. SARMY, 1954 19. LANCASTER, CAYUGA CREEK, N. Y. Location. Cayuga Creek passes through the village of Lan- caster, N. Y., and joins Buffalo Creek about 8 miles downstream from the village. Buffalo Creek empties into Lake Erie at Buffalo, N. Y., about 9 miles downstream from its juncture with Cayuga Creek. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the protection of the village of Lancaster against flood flows of 18,000 cubic feet per second, the maximum of record, by clearing and im- proving Cayuga Creek channel from Park Boulevafd in the village of Lancaster downstream to Penora Street, in the village of Depew, a distance of about 11/2 miles, and constructing drainage facilities in the village of Lancaster. The channel improvement consists of straightening and widening Cuyuga Creek channel, construct- ing earth dikes, and steel sheet pile floodwalls. The cost of new work for the completed project was $797,300, ex- clusive of $28,000 contributed by local interests toward the cost of construction of drainage facilities. The local cost for lands and damages was $311,200. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 326, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Installa- tion of a flap gate on the head wall of a 60-inch pressure culvert in the St. Mary's dike was completed during December 1953, by hired labor. The total cost for the year was $1,773. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was initiated during June 1947, and completed during July 1949, except for flap gate installed in December 1953. The total cost of the existing project, United States funds, was $797,300. In addition, there were costs of $28,000 from contrib- uted funds for new work. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ _ _ _30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -- $10, 306 -$5, 267 -$1, 727 ' $797, 300 Cost........... $11,753 1,224 $50 ______ 1,773 " 797.300 1 In addition $28,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 20. BATAVIA AND VICINITY, TONAWANDA CREEK, N. Y. Location. Tonawanda Creek passes through the city of Ba- tavia, N. Y., and joins Niagara River about 68 miles downstream of the city. The city of Batavia, N. Y., is located in Genesse County. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Attica, Medina, Albion, and Batavia, N. Y.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the flood protection of the city of Batavia and vicinity by improve- ments to the channel of Tonawanda Creek consisting of: widening FLOOD CONTROL--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1229 the creek channel from a point approximately three-quarters of a mile westerly of the west city line of Batavia to the municipal dam in Batavia; bank protection between Oak and Walnut Streets; and minor channel clearing above the municipal dam to the Lehigh Valley Railroad Bridge. Removal of the bridge pier of the aban- doned Attica Branch of the New York Central Railroad is to be done by local interests at no cost to the United States. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $505,000 (1954). The estimated local cost for lands and damages is $232,500 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (S. Doc. 46, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements as provided by law, local interests have agreed to assume responsibil- ity for the removal of the abandoned bridge pier and the relocation of any utilities. Local interests were requested to furnish assur- ances of local cooperation, and have indicated that assurances will be furnished upon receipt of plans for the proposed work in order that a determination of their responsibility can be made. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Prepara- tion of detailed plans and specifications for the flood protection work were completed, by hired labor. The total cost for the year was $19,431. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been started. The work remaining to be done consists of construction, by continuing contract, of the flood protection work. The total cost of the existing project was $45,431. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated - --- ----- . --- $26, 000 $20,000 $46, 000 ost-------- - -------------------------------------- 26,000 19,431 45, 431 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_-------------- $569 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- 300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_- ------------------- 300,569 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---------_ ----------------------------- 159,000 21. WELLSVILLE, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y._ Location. The village of Wellsville, N. Y., is located in Alle- gany County, and is situated at the junction of Dyke Creek with Genesee River. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Wellsville, N. Y.) Existing project. Provides for: a. Improvment of Genesee River to provide a channel with a bottom width of 100 feet from a point 2,700 feet downstream from the Bolivar Road Bridge to Dyke Creek and 75 feet from Dyke Creek to the water supply dam near the southern boundary of the 1230 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 village, b. Improvement of Dyke Creek to provide a channel with a bot- tom width of 50 feet from the mouth of the creek to a point 4,500 feet upstream, c. Excavation of the banks and protection of these banks against erosion, and d. Underpinning of the South Main Street highway bridge over Dyke Creek, and the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad bridge over Gen- esee River, with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $960,000 (1954), exclusive of $50,000 to be contributed by local interests. The esti- mated local cost for lands, damages, and necessary alterations to utility crossings and bridges is $122,000 (1953). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 232, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to contribute $50,000 toward the construction cost, and make any necessary alterations to utility crossings and bridges. Local in- terests were requested to furnish assurances of local coopera- tion, and have indicated that assurances will be furnished by them upon receipt of a definite project plan of the proposed work in order that a determination of their responsibilities can be made. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Prepara- tion of detailed plans and specifications for the flood protection work was continued, by hired labor. The total cost for the year was $11,354. Condition at end of fiscal year: No construction has been started. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of detailed plans and specifications, by hired labor, and construction, by continuing contract, of the flood protection work. The total cost of the existing project was $34,645. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ...-------------------------- -- ---------- 38,000 $38,000 Cost---------------------------------------------- 23, 291 $11,354 34, 645 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_----------- $3, 355 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------- 26,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--- ------------------------------------------- 29,355 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _ - ---- 896, 000 FLOOD CONTROL-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1231 22. MOUNT MORRIS RESERVOIR, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y. Location. The dam site is on the Genesee River 66.9 miles above the mouth of the river and approximately 32 miles south- westerly of Rochester, N. Y. The reservoir area is in Livingston and Wyoming Counties, N. Y. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Nunda and Portage, N. Y.) Existing project. This provides for a reservoir at Mount Mor- ris for flood control and other purposes. Present plans provide for the construction of a concrete gravity dam rising about 210 feet above the riverbed with an uncontrolled overflow spillway and gate-controlled outlet sluices through the overflow section of the dam, and a reservoir with a storage capacity of 337,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. Provisions for the future development of power at the site will consist of two penstocks through the dam near the left abutment. The reservoir will be operated for the protection of the city of Rochester, the Genesee River flats from Rochester to Mount Mor- ris, and the lower Canaseraga Valley. The estimated Federal cost is $23,397,000 (1954) for construc- tion, including $379,300 for the acquisition of lands in the reservoir area and exclusive of $5,000 contributed by local interests. The estimated cost of annual maintenance and operation is $68,800 (1954). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 615, 78th Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. New work: Prepara- tion of operation and maintenance manual was completed, by hired labor. Reservoir regulation and miscellaneous engineering studies for the project were continued. Costs were incurred during the year in connection with title evidence for the purchase of lands in fee simple. Construction of the ultimate reservoir management and recreational use facilities, exclusive of comfort station, was completed by hired labor. Purchase and installation of permanent operating equipment was completed by hired labor. Reimburse- ment was made to the U. S. Geological Survey for the continuation of cooperative stream gaging. The total cost of new work for the year was $32,927. Operation and maintenance: Operation and ordinary maintenance of the dam, reservoir and service facilities, and condition and operation studies were done during the year at a cost of $43,287. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 99 percent complete. Construction of the concrete gravity-type dam was initiated by contract on March 26, 1948, and completed on May 16, 1952. Clearing of the reservoir area and construction of all appurtenances have all been completed. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of engi- neering studies for regulation and construction of comfort station. 1232 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 The total cost of existing project was $23,385,548, of which $23,317,262 was for new work and $68,286 for maintenance. In addition, $5,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ..- $4,836,600 $7, 500,000 $5, 000,000 -$539, 500 -$28, 000 1 $23, 369, 100 Cost . 7,200,755 8,136, 910 .--------------- 1,771,734 261,722 32,927 123, 317,262 Maintenance: Appropriated--------------------......... --------......------ -- 25,000 53,000 78,000 Cost- .---------------------------------------------- 25,000 43,287 68,286 1 In addition $5,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_--------- $47,188 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----..----------------------------------.--------------- 47,188 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _------------------------ -- 32,550 23. DANSVILLE AND VICINITY, GENESEE RIVER, N. Y. Location. The village of Dansville, N. Y., is located on Mill Creek, a tributary of Canaseraga Creek, which is a tributary of Genesee River. Mill Creek flows through the southwest corner of Dansville and joins Canaseraga Creek about one-half mile down- stream of Dansville. Canaseraga Creek flows generally northwest- erly from its junction with Mill Creek, for about 19.3 miles to its confluence with Genesee River. The village of Cummingsville is located on Canaseraga Creek about 11/2 miles downstream of the confluence of Mill and Canaseraga Creeks. The villages of Dans- ville and Cummingsville are located in Livingston County. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Wayland, N. Y.) Existing project. Improvement of Canaseraga Creek at Cum- mingsville and at the sewage disposal plant, both in the vicinity of Dansville, N. Y., by channel work, levee or dike enlargement and construction, and bank-protection works. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $250,000 (July 1954), exclusive of 70 percent of the cost of the construction of ero- sion protection at the sewage disposal plant to be contributed by local interests. The estimated local cost is $19,000 (1953) for lands and damages. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948 (H. Doc. 206, 80th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. In addition to the usual requirements for local cooperation as provided by law, local interests are required to contribute 70 percent of the cost of construction of erosion protection for the Dansville municipal sewage disposal plant, and hold and save the United States free from any future claims that the Federal Government should participate in providing additional protection for the sewage disposal plant or in its operation or maintenance. Assurances have not been received to date. FLOOD CONTROL--BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1233 Operationand results during fiscal year. New work: Prepara- tion of detailed plans and specifications for the flood protection work was initiated by hired labor. The total cost for the year was $11,199. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been started. The work remaining to be done consists of completion of detailed plans and specifications by hired labor, and construction by continuing contract, of the flood protection work. The total cost of the existing project was $11,199. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _--------- $11,800 $11,800 Cost-------- ------------ ------------ - - 11,199 11,199 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-------_- $601 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_____ ____ _____ 601 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ _-__ 238.200 24. MONTOUR FALLS, OSWEGO RIVER BASIN, N. Y. Location. The village of Montour Falls, N. Y., is located in Schuyler County, and is situated 2.5 miles from the southern end of Seneca Lake. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographical maps of New York State.) Existing project. Catharine Creek flows northerly through the center of the village of Montour Falls and discharges into Seneca Lake. Havana Glen Creek joins Catharine Creek just south of the village, Catlin Mill Creek flows through a diversion channel to the east of the village and joins Catharine Creek north of the village, and Shequaga Creek flows through a diversion channel along the northwest edge of the village and joins Catharine Creek north of the village. The plan of improvement for Catharine and Havana Glen Creeks provides for the diversion of Catharine Creek to the east of the village to join the present diversion channel of Catlin Mill Creek, involving the excavation of a channel about 6,800 feet long and the construction of a levee along the left bank of the chan- nel so as to secure a channel with a capacity of 35,000 cubic feet per second with bank protection where scour is likely to occur; con- struction of a small gate in the levee where it crosses the present Catharine Creek channel to provide water for sewage disposal; and construction of two new highway bridges across the Catharine Creek diversion channel one at Owego Street and one at Broadway Street, the latter to be done by local interests. The plan of improvement for Shequaga Creek provides for in- creasing the capacity through the village to 8,000 cubic feet per second, to be secured by widening and deepening the channel, and also includes construction of a wall and levee along the right bank. 1234 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMIY, 1954 The plan also includes construction of a stilling basin at the base of the falls, construction of a twin barrel, reinforced concrete con- duit, and provision of an additional span for the existing Pennsyl- vania Railroad bridge near the lower end of the proposed improve- ment. The project will provide substantial flood protection for the vil- lage of Montour Falls. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941. (H. Doc. 846, 76th Cong., 3d sess.). The estimated Federal cost is $1,715,000 (1953) for construc- tion, and the estimated local cost is $526,900 (1954) for lands, damages and relocations. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Prep- aration of an operation and maintenance manual was completed by hired labor and outstanding costs in connection with previously completed construction contracts were incurred. The total° cost for the year was $7,692. Condition at the end of the fiscal year. Construction of the project is complete. Construction of the flood control improve- ments on Catharine Creek were initiated during August 1948 and completed during June 1953. Construction of the flood control improvements on Shequaga Creek were initiated during April 1950, and completed during September 1952. Adjudication of outstand- ing contractor's claim remains to be done. The total cost of the existing project was $1,689,318. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated _..... -$134,000 $ 84,000--- .....- $17, 500 $1,697,500 Cost---------------- 507, 638 458, 467 $348,944 $70,721 7,692 1, 689, 318 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--_-------------- $8,182 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------------------------_ - - -------------------------- 8,182 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ --------------------------------------- 17,500 25. SYRACUSE, OSWEGO RIVER BASIN, N. Y. Location. Syracuse, N. Y., is located in Onondaga County at the southern end of Onondaga Lake. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographical map of New York State.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for in- FLOOD CONTROL-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1235 creasing the capacity of Onondaga Creek Channel through the city between Atlantic and Dorwin Avenues, 4.5 and 6.3 miles, respec- tively, above the mouth of Onondaga Creek, from 1,000 to 6,000 cubic feet per second, by widening and realining the channel and constructing low levees on both banks at the lower end. Two new bridges will be required over the new channel, to be done by local interests. It also provides for constructing a retention reservoir on Onon- daga Creek about 4 miles south of Syracuse, with a capacity of 18,200 acre-feet at spillway crest, consisting of an earth dam 67 feet high, a concrete spillway channel, and an outlet conduit with appurtenant structures. This will provide protection for the city of Syracuse against a flood approximately 50 percent greater than the largest on record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 846, 76th Cong., 3d sess.). The estimated Federal cost is $3,407,000 (1953) for construc- tion and the estimated local cost is $918,500 (1954) for lands, damages and relocations. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. New- work: Reser- voir regulation studies and preparation of regulation manual were continued by hired labor. Reimbursement was made to the U. S. Geological Survey for the continuation of cooperative stream gag- ing. The total cost for the year was $4,185. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project is completed. Construction of the dam was initiated during May 1947 and completed during August 1949. Improvements to the Onondaga Creek Channel in the city of Syracuse were initiated during July 1949 and completed during July 1951. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of engineering studies for regula- tion. The total cost of the existing project was $3,349,148. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto.1950 New work: Appropriated---------$200, 000--------$30, 752 - $3349, 248 Costk-------------476,282 $205, 014 $33,687 689 $4,185 3,349,148 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---------------- $100 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- -------------------------------------------------- 100 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project...---------------- --------------------- 57,752 1236 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 26. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Caledonia, Genesee River, N. Y-.......................... $46, 000 2. Chittenango Creek and Tributaries, N. Y _- 1948 $12, 464-1 633, 600 3. Hammondsport, Oswego River Basin, N. Y._ 1951 18, 691 -.......---- ... 734, 300 4. Ithaca, Oswego River Basin, N. Y...------------- 1950 20, 459 ------------- 959, 600 5. Owasco Inlet and Outlet, Montville and Dry Creeks, State Ditch, and Crane Brook, N. Y.2 1950 281, 559 .33,500 6. Watkins Glen, Oswego River Basin, N. Y _. 1952 38, 340 -------------- 1, 181, 700 I Local interests required to contribute $25,000 additional. 2 Assurances of local cooperation for State Ditch and Crane Brook have not been complied with. Im- provement of Owasco Outlet, State Ditch, and Crane Brook, remains to be done to complete the project. 27. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. Navigation studies were continued at a cost for the year of $21,183. The unexpended balance of $37 at the end of the fiscal year will be used to continue preparation of the Interim Report on Cleveland Harbor. $15,000 can be profitably expended during the next fiscal year for completion of reports on Irondequoit Bay, N. Y., Cleveland Harbor, Ohio, and Vermilion Harbor, Ohio. Cooperative beach erosion studies for New York State Parks on the Shores of Lake Ontario were completed at a cost for the year of $6,094. The unexpended balance of $3 will be applied to out- standing costs for the completed studies. No work is proposed in the next fiscal year. Special studies were continued at a cost for the year of $116,751, of which $83,252 was for the New England-New York Resources Survey. The unexpended balance of $8,704 at the end of the fiscal year will be applied as follows: $2,895 for the New England-New York Resources Survey and $5,809 for the Niagara Redevelopment Remedial Works Investigation Report. $92,000 can be profitably expended during the next fiscal year for completion of the New England-New York Resources Survey. The total costs for the year for examinations and surveys was $144,028 and the unexpended balance for the year is $8,744. Collection and study of basic data. The total cost for the year was $5,537 of which: $237 was for flood emergency studies; $1,500 was for flood investigations; and, $3,800 was for International water studies in connection with the Massena and Niagara Control Boards. 28. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Inspection of the completed flood control works in the Buffalo District was made during the year at a cost of $364. FLOOD CONTROL-BUFFALO, N. Y., DISTRICT 1237 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated-------------------- $350.----------- $400 $400 $1, 150 Cost--------------------------------------$75 663 364 1,102 29. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) Snagging and clearing by hired labor of Glen Brook, Ham- mondsport, N. Y., was accomplished at a cost for the year of $7,830; Smokes Creek, Lackawanna, N. Y., at a cost for the year of $48,946; Canaseraga Creek, N. Y., at a cost for the year of $49,404 and Cold Spring Brook, Weedsport, N. Y., at a cost for the year of $4,020. The total cost for the year was $110,200. The total allocation for the year was $126,500 including $8,000 to Ham- mondsport, N. Y., from a previous appropriation. The unexpended balance of $16,300 will be applied to outstanding commitments of the existing snagging and clearing work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated . - - - $20, 000 -$2,177 $13,792 $118,500 $365,115 Cost _ - - 19, 611 12, 346 -__- -- 5, 792 110,200 348,815 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $9,365 UNITED STATES LAKE SURVEY This district embraces the United States portion of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River drainage basin, Lake Champlain, the lakes and other naturally navigable waters of the New York canal system, and the Minnesota-Ontario border lakes. In addition, con- tiguous Canadian areas are included where essential to the integ- rity of charting and other activities. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Page 1. Survey of Northern and Northwestern Lakes----------- ------------- 1239 2. General investigations---_---_ -------- 1246 1. SURVEY OF NORTHERN AND NORTHWESTERN LAKES Location. The region thus covered, in which operations are conducted for the benefit of navigation and other interests, lies within the States of Vermont, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. The Great Lakes portion alone covers 61,000 square miles of United States waters and 4,000 miles of United States coastline. The Lake Champlain portion covers 430 square miles and 560 miles of coast- line of that lake. The additional New York State portion stretches 62 miles along the canalized waters of the State from the south end of Lake Champlain along the Hudson River to the head of tide- water at Albany and 333 miles westward from Troy at the conflu- ence of the Hudson and Mohawk Rivers along the Erie Canal to Lyons, along the Oswego Canal to Oswego, and along the Cayuga and Seneca Canal into the Finger Lakes. The Minnesota-Ontario border lakes portion reaches about 300 miles from Lake Superior to and including Lake of the Woods in the Hudson Bay drainage basin. Previous projects. In the region described, previous projects of the Lake Survey have specified provision of complete navigation charts designed to suit the needs of existing use of the waters. These projects, in addition to hydrographic and topographic sur- veys, contemplated the establishment of the requisite horizontal and vertical control where not already in existence, and the meas- urement and analysis of other factors pertaining to navigation. The most recent comprehensive statement concerning prior proj- ects on the Great Lakes, and formulation of "a general project cov- ering to completion the operations of the Survey" appeared in the Annual Report for 1907, pages 844 to 850. The Sundry Civil Act of March 4, 1911, extended the charting responsibility to include the lakes and other naturally navigable waters of the New York canals. The project extension contem- plated compilation of navigation charts of the added waters from all existing survey data pertaining thereto, supplemented by such additional surveys as might be required. 1239 1240 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The scope of responsibility was again extended by the Sundry Civil Act of June 23, 1913, to include Lake Champlain, and again by the Sundry Civil Act of August 1, 1914, to include the Minneso- ta-Ontario boundary waters from Lake Superior to Lake of the Woods. Here, as in the extension to the New York canals, the project extensions contemplated compilation of charts from exist- ing surveys, supplemented by additional surveys as required. Responsibilities of the U. S. Lake Survey in the Great Lakes portion of the region covered, apart from the charting and navi- gational aspects, consist of those pertaining to lake levels, hydrol- ogy, and hydraulics of the connecting and outflow rivers. The 1907 Annual Report, referred to above in connection with the charting and navigational portions of the project, also discussed prior and existing responsibilities in these respects. A board appointed by the division engineer, Great Lakes Di- vision, to study and clarify U. S. Lake Survey activities in this sec- ond category formulated a report which included definite recom- mendations. The board report was presented to the Chief of Engi- neers and approved on January 21, 1935, as the basic description of such responsibilities. The report thus is the foundation for the continuing activities of the U. S. Lake Survey relating to lake levels, hydrology, and hydraulics. It is to be noted that these ac- tivities do not include the waters separate from the Great Lakes, which were added for charting only. Existing project. That portion of the existing project con- cerned with charting provides for general maintenance of chart coverage. Various classes of charts are issued, consisting essen- tially of general charts employing small scales suitable for the needs of open-lake navigation; coastal, river, and sectional charts employing medium scales affording greater detail for closer navi- gation in "the areas covered; harbor and confined locality charts employing large scales showing details pertinent to the restricted navigation involved; and special charts such as those of the Min- nesota-Ontario border lakes employing scales suitable to the pur- poses intended. The number of charts and individual chart scale and coverage are not fixed. Changing requirements of navigation render existing charts unnecessary, alter coverage and scale re- quirements, and make new charts desirable. Within the region assigned for charting, the project is flexible in permitting altera- tions to keep abreast of changing needs. . Closely related to charting, but pertinent to lake levels and hy- draulics- as well, is the portion of the project relating to horizontal and vertical control. The original control was established under the early projects in connection with the initial surveys by the U. S. Lake Survey on the Great Lakes and by other Government agencies in the other areas of the district. The original control has been preserved wherever possible; where destroyed it has been replaced as needed, and where necessary it has been augmented by additional control for use in connection with later surveys and other Corps of Engineers work. Present efforts are directed to- ward preservation of both horizontal and vertical control by :peri- odic recovery of monuments, replacing when found destroyed, checking of elevations by instrumental means and water transfers, U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1241 and augmentation where required for U. S. Lake Survey and Great Lakes Division activities. In the same connection, necessary re- adjustments are made as indicated to correlate U. S. Lake Survey horizontal control with nationwide horizontal control networks of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. The project includes publications of information for the benefit of navigation, additional to that provided by the charts. These consist primarily of the Great Lakes Pilot and the Supplements thereto. The Pilot, issued annually, supplies full descriptions of physical conditions of the waters charted and the particulars of constantly changing conditions not adapted to adequate or prompt representation on the charts. The Supplement, issued monthly during the navigation season, provides corrections and additions to the Pilot text occasioned by constantly changing conditions in the navigational areas. Revisory material for the annual editions of the Pilot and material for the Supplement are collected by U. S. Lake Survey sections operating in the field, the various Corps of Engineers districts having jurisdiction over the waters concerned, and by other United States and Canadian governmental organiza- tions. Other data collected and disseminated to navigation, or included in the project for future collection and dissemination, consist of such features as lake and river bottom characteristics, water tem- peratures, etc. This phase of activity often requires field determi- nation, analysis of data, and publication of results. Since 1859, lake level gages installed and operated by the U. S. Lake Survey have provided a continuous record of stages of the Great Lakes and their connecting rivers. These records have in- terest in both the navigational and hydraulic aspects of the work. The present project provides for continued operation of sufficient gages for these purposes and includes reduction of the records ob- tained, tabulation and study of the data, use in other studies such as that of movement of the earth's crust, and publication of the re- sults in various forms. In the field of hydraulics, the present project provides for con- tinuing studies of all phases relating to the connecting and outflow rivers to affirm the fundamental laws of flow or to determine the changed relationships resulting from changes in river regimen. In addition to the operation of stage recorders, as discussed above, periodic and special measurements of current velocities and river discharges are involved. The fundamental flow relationships de- termined and the equations derived enter into such studies as lake level regulation, compensations for increases in river capacity caused by channel improvement, diversions for sanitary purposes and power, changes in river capacity resulting from marine con- struction, wrecks, commercial sand and gravel dredging, and prob- lems of like nature. The hydrology of the lakes included in the present project, in ad- dition to factors discussed above, deals with precipitation over the lake basins, runoff, evaporation from the lake surfaces, ice retarda- tions and effects, and similar phenomena. The work involves com- pilation of data, supplied primarily by other organizations, in form to be used in studies and problems discussed above. 1242 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The over-all responsibility of the U. S. Lake Survey, involving the measurement of lake and river levels, hydraulics, and hydrol- ogy, presented as part of the present project in the foregoing para- graphs, is concerned with the preservation of levels of the Great Lakes, and with the establishment and maintenance of datum planes for control of Corps of Engineers river and harbor work and for use as planes of reference for navigation charts. Operations and results accomplished during the fiscal year. Field activities continued to be operated on a curtailed basis in keeping with the general policy of the President and the Chief of Engineers. This policy provides for accomplishment of only those operations of greatest importance to defense, and essential civilian and navigation requirements. Emergency sweeping operations which were started during fiscal year 1953 were completed at the southern end of Lake Huron in the early part of fiscal year 1954, and additional emergency sweep- ing operations were accomplished later in the vicinity of lower Whitefish Bay in Lake Superior where groundings had been re- ported. Offshore soundings were resumed early in September, and the sounding of Green Bay in Lake Michigan, also started in fiscal year 1953 was completed before the close of the field season in Oc- tober. Sweeping operations in the vicinity of Thunder Bay Island Shoal in Lake Huron opened the 1954 field season in June. Shoran, an electronic device for positioning survey vessels while conducting offshore surveys, was procured, and preliminary testing of the equipment was begun during the latter part of June. Inshore soundings were conducted from July through November. A complete hydrographic survey was made of a portion of the west end of Lake Erie between Toledo and the mouth of the Detroit River, and examination surveys were made of sections of the St. Clair River to determine where dredging and dumping operations had caused sufficient changes in charted depths to warrant resur- veys. As a result of the examination soundings, complete hydro- graphic surveys of selected portions of the river were made during April. Revisory surveys were conducted at full scale to accomplish the important responsibility of gathering coastline data necessary for the triennial revision of the Great Lakes navigation charts and the establishment and maintenance of vertical control in all of the United States harbors on the lakes. These activities were effected on Lake Michigan from the start of the fiscal year until the end of the field season, and the work was continued in selected harbors on Lake Huron and the St. Marys River during May and June 1954. At the time revisory surveys were being made during the 1953 field season, inshore examination sounding was accomplished off the South Chicago waterfront and in the St. Marys River. In the following paragraphs further details concerning the chart- ing and related activities, consolidated according to geographical position on the various bodies of water, are given to show total field accomplishments in these respects during the fiscal year. Lake Michigan: Offshore hydrography was completed in Green Bay covering approximately 1600 miles of sounding. Examina- tions and revisory surveys were made along the coastline and in U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1243 all harbors from Whitehall, Mich., clockwise around the lake to the Straits of Mackinac, including Green Bay. Depths were checked in harbor entrances and other critical areas. Topography was re- vised where changes were found and new features were added, such as the new petroleum dock at Grand Haven, Mich., and the power plants and docking facilities in Lake Charlevoix, Mich., and at Oak Creek, Wis. Positions of prominent landmarks used by navigators were determined, particularly along the coastline between the har- bors. In addition, vertical control work consisting of recovery and replacement of benchmarks where necessary and instrumental levels between selected marks to check their stability, was accom- plished in all harbors where revisory surveys were made. Se- lected triangulation stations along the east coast from Sleeping Bear Point to South Haven, Mich., and along the west coast from Waukegan, III., to Milwaukee, Wis. were recovered where still in existence. Of the 45 stations searched for, 36 were recovered and redescribed. Lake Huron: Sweeping operations were conducted in the lower end of Lake Huron and resulted in the discovery of two shoals which constitute definite hazards to navigation. Revisory surveys were made in selected harbors from the head of the St. Clair River along the west coast to the mouth of the St. Marys River. Depths were checked in and around entrances to harbors and other critical areas. Benchmarks were recovered and levels were run between selected marks. Prominent landmarks used by navigators were lo- cated along the shoreline. Seven water gages were set in April at selected harbors on the west side of the lake, for earth movement study. Sweeping operations were started in the vicinity of Thun- der Bay Island Shoal. Lake Superior: Sweeping operations were conducted in the vicinity of Point Iroquois Shoal in the southeasterly end of the lake and three uncharted shoals were found, one of which was a serious menace to deep draft navigation. Lake Erie: A hydrographic survey was completed at the west end of the lake between Toledo and the mouth of the Detroit River, thereby extending the survey made during fiscal year 1953 off the mouth of the river where shoaling had been encountered during earlier examination surveys. St. Marys River: Investigation soundings were made of se- lected areas in the St. Marys River to determine whether resurvey is necessary. Revisory examinations were made along the river for chart revision. St. Clair River: Preliminary investigation soundings were taken to determine necessity of resurvey; it was indicated to be necessary in certain sections of the river. Additional soundings were taken to correct the navigation chart of the river and to sup- plement the model surveys made in fiscal year 1953. St. Lawrence River: Precise levels were run from BM 35 at Tibbets Point, N. Y. to BM 28, north of Clayton, N. Y.; from BM 28 to BM 2711 on Wellesly Island, and from BM 2537 at Fort Covington, N. Y. to BM 490 at Cornwall, Ontario. Hydraulics and hydrology activities consisted of recording the levels of the Great Lakes and the connecting rivers, field meas- 1244 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 urement of the flow of the St. Clair and St. Lawrence Rivers, re- duction, tabulation, and dissemination of data relating to lake and river levels, river flows, diversions, precipitation and other hy- draulic and hydrologic factors, and study and preparation of num- erous reports on hydraulic and hydrologic problems which have been rapidly increasing in number in connection with such matters as the survey report on Great Lakes levels, the St. Lawrence sea- way, the redevelopment of power on the Niagara River, the pres- ervation and enhancement of Niagara Falls, the deepening of the connecting rivers, and the joint United States-Canadian study of basic Great Lakes hydraulic and hydrologic data. Forty-six gaging sites were maintained, of which 33 were equipped with self-registering instruments. Four of the automatic and 5 of the non-automatic gages were operated to gather data on short period fluctuations of the lake surfaces, and to determine slope profiles of the St. Clair-Detroit River for the survey report. Field discharge measurements were made under open water conditions in the St. Lawrence River for determination of river flow after removal of Gut Dam in the Galop Rapids Section of the river. Special winter measurements were conducted on the St. Clair and St. Lawrence Rivers. Forecasts of the ranges in which the 1953-54 winter low levels and the 1954 summer high levels of the Great Lakes could be ex- pected to occur were made approximately 5 months in advance of the estimated months of occurrence. Summer high levels of 1953 of all the lakes occurred within the range forecast during the pre- vious winter and within 0.3 foot of the mid-point of the range. All of the winter low levels occurred within the forecast ranges and within 0.5 foot of the mid-point. Although the 1954 summer high levels had not yet been established on June 30, 1954, it appeared that none of the lakes would peak outside of the ranges predicted. A feature length, illustrated article, describing the current Lake Survey method of long range forecasting, was prepared and pub- lished in the February 1954 issue of Civil Engineering. The program of investigating digital and analog computing ma- chines in the interest of greater economy and efficiency in engineer- ing computation was continued. A study of Univac for possible use in triangulation adjustment computations and also for compu- tation of river discharges was started. IBM equipment was used extensively for the statistical processing of lake levels and hydro- logic data, and was investigated for possible use in the solution of lake regulation problems. Investigation of GEDA analog com- puters for lake regulation studies and backwater computations was commenced. Information from numerous sources including data collected by U. S. Lake Survey field surveys was compiled for production of 39 revised chart editions and for 3 chart reprints. Manual corrections consisting of modifications in aids-to-navigation and other critical chart data were made on 90,497 copies of the printed chart stock to maintain it currently accurate to the date of issue or sale. The latter undertaking involved 806,230 separate operations consisting of deletion of changed chart features and addition of the new features. Vessel masters of approximately 70 ships were interviewed at var- U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1245 ious Great Lakes ports for the purpose of improving the presenta- tion of chart information. Revised editions of 40 charts and 8 reprint editions were pro- cessed and printed during the year. In addition to the charts, 705 hydrographs, 6 revised pages of the volume of New York Canals charts, and 25,040 Chart Catalogs were printed. Chart sales for the year amounted to 60,321 copies, which com- pared with 62,311 copies sold during fiscal year 1953 and the average of 48,696 for the 5 fiscal years prior to 1953. The proceeds of sales, amounting to $44,319.50, were deposited to the credit of the Treasurer of the United States. An additional 7,009 charts were issued for official use. The 1954 edition of the Great Lakes Pilot was prepared and copy provided to the Government Printing Office for reproduction. The publication became available late in March 1954. Supplements Nos. 3 to 7, inclusive, to the 1953 Great Lakes Pilot were prepared and the copy provided to the printing contractor monthly from July through November 1953. Supple- ments Nos. 1 and 2 to the 1954 Great Lakes Pilot were prepared in a similar manner in May and June 1954. The U. S. Lake Survey, as agent for the Superintendent of Documents, sold 1,630 copies of the Great Lakes Pilot during the fiscal year. A total of $3,796.50 was collected and transmitted to that official. An additional total of 388 copies of the publication was issued for official use. Sales of supplements to the 1953 and 1954 Pilots amounted to 1,206 sets of 7 issues, realizing $314.30 in sales proceeds. The 388 Pilots which were issued were complemented by 388 sets of Supplements, as the latter were published. In addition to the above publications, mimeographed notices of the monthly mean stages of the Great Lakes and tabulations of other hydraulic and hydrologic factors were sent to individuals, newspapers, vessel interests, industrial interests, and Government agencies in both the United States and Canada to which the infor- mation is of concern. The foregoing operations were all maintenance. The total cost during the year was $499,149. Reimbursable printing work amounted to $152,534, of which $8,661 were received for reproduc- ing project and other special maps for Corps of Engineers districts and the remainder was received for aeronautical charts and Army Map Service Ground Maps. In order to include the costs of re- visory surveys and adjacent inshore soundings in the operations and maintenance budget for each project, direct allotments are not made to the U. S. Lake Survey for those purposes but reimburse- ments for the work are madel by the districts concerned. Reim- bursable work under this category amounted to $37,500 for inshore soundings and $69,000 for revisory surveys during fiscal year 1954. Conditionat end of fiscal year. All new work under the various projects had been completed. Work under the existing project is composed solely of maintenance. The total cost of new work under all projects since the inauguration of the survey in 1841, amounted to $6,729,811. New work under the existing project cost $2,755,- 914 and maintenance thereunder to June 30, 1954, cost $6,465,111, amounting to a total for the present project during its 48 years of existence, of $9,221,026. 1246 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 At the end of the year publications available for issue to official users and for sale to the general public consisted of 114 charts of the Great Lakes and connecting rivers, 5 charts of Lake Champlain, 6 charts and a volume of 60 small charts of New York canals, 17 charts of the Minnesota-Ontario border lakes, the 1954 Great Lakes Pilot and the Supplements to the Pilot. In addition, mimeo- graphed reports of lake levels showing current elevations, compari- sons with past levels, and forecasts of future levels are mailed early each month to a list of 1160 official and private recipients; and tabulations of river discharges, precipitation, and stages at specific locations on the lakes are dispatched regularly to 61 addi- tional receivers, the latter being primarily official. Numerous other tabulations and compilations of data in the charting geodetic, hy- draulic, and hydrologic fields are posted currently for use in an- swer to the large number of inquiries for such data received each year. Requests for authorized U. S. Lake Survey services from Cana- dian and United States agencies were extremely heavy in fiscal year 1954 and it seems evident that this situation will continue for some time to come. Special hydraulic and hydrologic studies con- ducted by the U. S. Lake Survey for international engineering boards, committees and others, have far surpassed the workload contemplated when the present long range program was estab- lished in 1952. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --------------------------------------------------------- $6,729, 811 Cost ...------ ------------ ----------------------------------------------- 6, 729,811 Maintenance: Appropriated ...-------- $415,000 $425,000 $365,000 $489,000 $525,000 2 6,491, 340 Cost....---------------- 409,348 421,396 386,973 483,622 499,149 26, 465, 111 1Includes $3,973,897 for new work for previous projects. 7 Reduced by $100,000 which represents costs of prior fiscal years, which were transferred to General Investigations in conversion to new appropriation structure. 2. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS The cost of the work during the fiscal year was $78,319 for spe- cial studies in connection with survey report on Great Lakes water levels. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year amounting to $3,681 will be applied to continuation of the study. The additional sum of $71,000 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1955 for dontinuation of the study. U. S. LAKE SURVEY 1247 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June S_ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated. -- I-------... $82,000 1$182, 000 Cost_ .. 78,319 1 178,319 I Includes $100,000 prior year costs which were transferred from Survey of Northern and Northwestern Lakes, in conversion to new appropriation structure. Sig 40-1247-1278 IMPROVEMENTS OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT This district is comprised of the following: the drainage basins in California tributary to the Pacific Ocean which lie north of the Mexican boundary and south of Cape San Martin (about 265 miles north of the entrance to Los Angeles Harbor) ; the entire drainage basin of Colorado River, which basin lies in southeastern Califor- nia, southeastern Nevada, southern and eastern Utah, southwest- ern Wyoming, western Colorado, western New Mexico, and Ari- zona; that part of the Great Basin which lies in southwestern Utah, southern Nevada; and southeastern California; and the United States portions of the drainage basins of certain small streams in southern Arizona and in southwestern New Mexico west of the Continental Divide which drain southerly into Mexico. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control-Continued Page Page 1. Morro Bay Harbor, Calif .......1249 16. Brea Dam, Santa Ana River 2. Santa Barbara Harbor, Calif... 1251 Basin, Calif ............................ 1292 3. Redondo Beach Harbor, Calif__ 1253 17. Carbon Canyon Dam and 4. Los Angeles and Long Beach Channel, Santa Ana River Harbors, Calif .............. 1254 Basin, Calif .............. .......... 1293 5. Newport Bay Harbor, Calif..... 1257 18. Santa Ana River Basin, Calif. 6. San Diego Harbor, Calif ..... 1260. (Flood Control Act of May 7. San Diego River and Mission 17, 1950) _.............. ...... .. .... 1293 Bay, Calif .......... . 1263 19. Devil, East Twin, and Warm 8. Inactive navigation projects-..._ 1265 Creeks improvements and 9. General investigations-............. 1265 Lytle Creek levee, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif .. .-..--..... " 1294 Flood Control 20. Riverside Levees, Santa Ana 10. Los Angeles County drainage River Basin, Calif ....... _..... 1295 area, Calif-..-.. . . 1266 21. San Diego River Basin, Califl... 1295 11. Santa Ana River Basin (and 22. Painted Rock Reservoir, Gila Orange County), Calif. (Flood River Basin, Ariz......... .... _ 1296 Control Act of June 22, 1936, 23. Mathews Canyon Reservoir, as amended)......................... 1287 Colorado River, Basin,. Nev.. 1297 12. San Antonio Dam, Santa Ana 24. Pine Canyon Reservoir, Colo- River Basin, Calif _....__. .... 1288 rado River Basin, Nev ...... 1297 13. San Antonio and Chino Creeks 25. Inactive flood control projects.. 1298 Channel, Santa Ana River 26. General investigations.______... 1298 Basin, Calif ...... . ....... ..........1289 27. Inspection of completed proj- 14. Prado Dam Santa Ana River ects= .... - 1299 Basin, Ca if ........ _...1.29028. Emergency flood control work.- ............. 1299 15. Fullerton Dam, Santa Ana 29. Scheduling of Flood Control River Basin, Calif. _ .._....1291 Reservoir Operation_..-.......... 1299 1. MORRO BAY, CALIF. Location. Morro Bay is on the Pacific coast, 110 miles south of Monterey Bay, 120 miles northwest of Santa Barbara Harbor and nearly midway between San Francisco and Los Angeles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5387.) Existing project. This plan of improvement provides:for two random stone breakwaters, the upcoast breakwater extending 1,800 feet south by west from Morro Rock, and the downcoast break- 1249 1250 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 water extending west from the sandspit, 1,399 feet, thence north- west 433 feet, a total distance of 1,832 feet; an entrance channel 16 feet deep and 350 feet wide; the Navy channel 16 feet deep, varying in width from 350 feet to 800 feet from the entrance chan- nel to the town of Morro; Morro channel from the town of Morro to the lower bay, 12 feet deep and generally 150 feet wide; a stone dike extending from Morro Rock to the mainland, a distance of 1,600 feet; and a quarry-waste revetment levee extending along the waterfront at Morro, a distance of 6,930 feet to retain margin- al fills. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.7 feet. The extreme range is about 8.5 feet. The cost for new work for the completed project was $2,612,093. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainten- ance is $25,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 283, 77th Cong., 1st sess.) and further harbor development as desired by the Navy Department in ac- cordance with the plans on file in the office, Chief of Engineers. The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. The project has been completed under supervision of the Chief of Engineers using funds provided by the Navy Department. Terminal facilities. There are 640 feet of existing piers con- structed by the Navy; 205 feet of piers under construction by the county of San Luis Obispo, 169 feet of privately owned docks, and 270 feet of privately owned floating docks. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations with regular funds consisted of a condition study of the harbor, and miscellaneous inspections and reports, all with hired labor. The costs were $980 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1946. The south breakwater and the stone dike connect- ing Morro Rock and the mainland were completed in 1942; the re- taining levee, marginal fills along the waterfront and the channel to the lower bay in 1944; and the Morro (North) breakwater in 1946. The project was in usable condition at the end of the fiscal year. Shoaling has occurred in the entrance and interior chan- nels and the north breakwater has suffered extensive damage. The south breakwater is being flanked at its root by erosion. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascer- tained Entrance channel ------------- .. ----------------- .... ------- ------- 14 May 1953. Navy channel- . _..-- ....--------- - 14 Do. Morro Channel ....--------- - 4 Do. I RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1251 Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Navy funds .. -------------------------------------- $2,612, 093 $307, 945 $2, 920, 038 Regular funds ___ ____---..-----------. ----- 576, 751 576, 751 Total, all funds__.----------------------------- -- 2,612,093 884, 696 3,496, 789 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: ............ Appropriated.....-------.-----------.----------- -------...-----------------------............ $2,612,093 ................---------........---------------------------------------------- Cost----------- 2,612,093 Maintenance : Appropriated --- _--------- $4, 094 $2, 252 -$162 $5, 600 889, 691 ....... Cost----------------- . 271, 771 2,998 1,099 5,510 980 884,696 2. SANTA BARBARA HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This improvement is located on the Pacific coast, 90 miles northwest of Los Angeles Harbor and 320 miles southeast of San Francisco Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5261.) Existing project. This plan of improvement provides for main- tenance by dredging of depths existing in 1934 in the harbor formed by the breakwater constructed by local interests and per- mits the maintenance of the harbor by means of a fixed sand-inter- cepting plant to be provided and operated by and at the expense of local interests; the United States to make available for the opera- tion of the plant an amount not exceeding $30,000 annually, the present approved estimated annual cost of maintenance, whenever funds are alloted for such purpose, provided that there shall be de- ducted from such funds the actual cost of harbor maintenance found necessary, if and when the intercepting plant has been in- stalled. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.4 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: 1252 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Acts Work authorized Documents i ---- Aug. 30, 1935 Maintenance by dredging of the present depths into Senate committee print, 73d Cong. the harbor formed by the breakwater constructed 2d sess. by local interests. Mar. 2, 1945 Permits maintenance by means of a fixed sand-inter- H. Doc. 348, 77th Cong., 1st sess. cepting plant to be provided and operated by and (Contains latest published map.) at the expense of local interests, the United States to contribute to operating expense an amount not to exceed $30,000 annually, whenever funds are allotted therefor, the funds thus contributed to be reduced by actual cost of harbor maintenance if and when the intercepting plant has been installed. Prior to adoption by Congress, the work was authorized by the Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. No specific local cooperation is required. Local interests have contributed $450,322 to date to cover the ex- cess cost of depositing dredged material on the beach, over the esti- mated cost of similar dredging with disposal at sea, and $12,664 for dredging in vicinity of the Navy pier. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, permits maintenance of the harbor by an intercepting plant as described above. Terminal facilities. These consist of one wharf 2,200 feet long, a Navy pier 335 feet long, and also a landing float and mooring facilities for small craft. The wharf, which is equipped with a warehouse, is used for general cargo and for servicing fishing boats. Facilities are adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations, with regular funds, consisted of miscellaneous inspections and reports. The costs were $1,887 for maintenance from regular funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel (for a width of 600 feet).---------- ---- 20 June 1953. North anchorage .. . . .. . __-----_---- . - .... 12 June 1952. South anchorage ---------------------------------------------- --- 15 Do. Navy channel . 20 Do. Stearns wharf------- -- -- -- -- ----. -- . -. . . . . . . . . ..--------- 18 Do. Total costs for maintenance and beach restoration to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds________ _______ -- - - - - -$638,456 $638,456 Public works funds__________________.. .. .29,198 29,198 Total, United States funds -.. .-. ----- --- 667,653 667,653 Contributed funds______ __________. 462, 986 462,986 Working funds - ._________________-.. -.........------ - -11,000 11,000 Total, all funds_______________ .................------- --- - - -- - 1,141,640 1,141,640 RIVERS AND HARBORS LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1253 Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- .... ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated . - -$2, 460 $2, 600 $1, 499 $315, 350 $5, 086 $1, 144, 337 Cost__ _______________ -- 745 488 831 308, 459 1, 887 1, 141, 640 3. REDONDO BEACH HARBOR, CALIF. Location. On the Pacific coast in the southern (downcoast) part of Santa Monica Boy, about 18 miles by sea northwest of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors and about 417 miles southeast of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts 5101 and 5144.) Existing project. This plan of improvement provides for re- construction of about 1,485 linear feet of the existing stone break- water, construction of a 2,800-foot extension of the existing break- water, and a south breakwater 700 feet long; and for maintenance of the entire existing breakwater as reconstructed, the breakwater extension, and the south breakwater. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. In Santa Monica Bay, the mean tidal range is 3.8 feet; the diurnal range 5.6 feet; and the extreme range about 10.5 feet. The estimated cost of new work (1954) is $4,510,000. The esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance (1954) is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, (H. Doc. 303, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The project document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide, through a competent and duly authorized public body, all lands and rights-of-way necessary for construction and maintenance of the proposed improvements, including transfer of ownership of the existing section of the breakwater to the United States; con- struct a quay wall along the land side of the harbor between the existing breakwater and the vicinity of Beryl Street; dredge the harbor area a least depth of 12 feet below mean lower low water, deposit the dredge spoil landward of the quay wall and in the eroded area south of the wall, construct an access trestle, pier, slips, and all other facilities necessary for adequate berthing, serv- icing, maintaining, and supplying small craft, maintain the speci- fied depth in the harbor area and maintain and operate the harbor facilities, except the breakwater, with such facilities available to all on equal terms; and hold and save the United States free from responsibility for any effects of the improvement on adjacent shore lines and from any damages due to construction and maintenance of the harbor improvements. The 2,400 feet of breakwater already constructed at a cost of $545,000 and the marginal land in public ownership has been of- fered by the city of Redondo Beach as items of local cooperation. 1254 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 By resolution, dated May 11, 1949, the city of Redondo Beach indi- cated its willingness to deed the existing breakwater to the United States. The city of Redondo Beach proposes to provide, without cost to the United States additional items of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. The only existing commercial terminal facility is the Monstad pier. This pier is privately owned. It is 20 feet wide and extends seaward about 300 feet to a depth of 15 feet below mean lower low water. Facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been accomplished. 4. LOS ANGELES AND LONG BEACH HARBORS, CALIF. Location. These harbors are on the Pacific coast, 410 miles southeast of San Francisco Harbor and 96 miles northwest of San Diego Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5147). Previous projects. Los Angeles Harbor: There was no project for the outer harbor prior to the existing project. Original proj- ect for the inner harbor was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, August 2, 1882, June 3, 1896, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, July 18, 1918, and March 3, 1925. Long Beach Harbor: There was no previous project. For further details, see page 1977 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1646 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This plan of improvement provides for a stone breakwater 11,152 feet long (San Pedro breakwater) ex- tending easterly from Point Fermin; for a stone and earth de- tached breakwater 18,500 feet long (Middle breakwater); for a stone and earth detached breakwater 13,350 feet long (Long Beach breakwater) ; for maintenance of the original Long Beach break- water south of the outer end of pier A (now an integral part of pier A as extended) ; for an entrance channel 1,000 feet wide and 40 feet deep to outer Los Angeles Harbor, with a turning basin 3,500 feet long and 1,500 feet wide of the same depth opposite the end of pier 1, and enlargement of the entrance to the inner harbor by dredging to a depth of 35 feet, a triangular area at its junction with this turning basin; for irregular anchorage areas (areas A and B) 40 feet deep adjacent to the 40-foot-depth entrance chan- nel; for an inner harbor channel (Los Angeles Channel) 35 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, with a turning basin at its north extrem- ity 35 feet deep; for a channel (East Basin Channel) 35 feet deep and 650 feet wide extending from the turning basin to United States station 406; for a channel (Cerritos Channel) 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide from United States station 406 to a turning basin in Long Beach inner harbor; for a turning basin 35 feet deep in Long Beach inner harbor; for an entrance channel to Long Beach inner harbor 35 feet deep and 300 to 500 feet wide; for a settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel, the dredged material to be deposited on the beaches east- RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1255 ward therefrom to Belmont pier; for a silt diversion channel (Los Angeles River) for the protection of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors; and for maintenance of the entire project except the silt diversion channel. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.5 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The Federal cost for new work for the completed project is $30,- 360,145, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. This estimate does not include cost of constructing 6,000 feet of the au- thorized 21,000-foot section of the detached breakwater by the Navy Department. The latest (1954) approved estimates for an- nual cost of maintenance are $125,000 for dredging and $125,000 for repairs to breakwater. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized It Documents June 3, 1896 A breakwater 8,500 feet long, easterly of Point Fermin. S. Doc. 18, 55th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Extension of said breakwater to shore, making a total H. Doc. 969, 60th Cong., 1st sess. length of 11,152 feet from Point Fermin. July 25, 1912 Dredging in Los Angeles outer harbor west of the en- Rivers and Harbors Committee trance channel. Doc. 8, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 8, 1917 For the silt-diversion works___--------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 9, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Sept. 22, 1922Triangular area approach to Los Angeles inner har- H. Doc. 1013, 66th Cong., 3d sess. bor entrance channel. Mar. 3, 1925 Dredging the Los Angeles Harbor main channel and H. Doc. 349, 68th Cong., 1st sess. entrance 35 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, dredging the inner harbor turning basin 35 feet deep, and for reclamation of Reservation Point. July 3, 1930 A detached breakwater 12,500 feet long in prolonga- Rivers and Harbors Committee tion of the existing breakwater (authorized by act Doc. 33, 71st Cong., 2d sess. of June 3, 1896). Do ... Widening the fairway on the easterly side of the en- S. Doc. 130, 71st Cong., 2d sess. trance to Los Angeles inner harbor, dredging a channel 35 feet deep and 650 feet wide in the east basin from the turning basin to United States sta- tion 406; dredging 35 feet deep and 400 feet wide in Cerritos Channel from United States station 406 to the Long Beach turning basin; a turning basin 35 feet deep at Long Beach; for the entrance channel to Long Beach Harbor, 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide and for maintenance of the Long Beach break- water south of the outer end pier A. Do ..--- This act provides that in no case shall dredging be done within 50 feet of established pierhead lines or existing piers and wharves. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging the 1,000-foot-wide entrance channel to Los Senate committee print, 74th Angeles outer harbor to 40-foot depth and for a Cong., 1st sess. turning basin 3,500 feet long and 1,500 feet wide to the same depth and enlargement of the entrance to the inner harbor by dredging to 35-foot depth a triangular area at its junction with the turning basin. Oct. 17, 1940 Dredging to a depth of 40 feet, areas A and B adjacent H. Doc. 843, 76th Cong., 3d sess. to the 40-foot-depth entrance channel; the construc- (Contains latest published map.) tion and maintenance of a rubble-mound break- water of the composite type about 21,000 feet long in an easterly direction from the northeast end of the existing detached breakwater; dredging about 4,000,000 cubic yards initially for a settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion chan- nel, and depositing the material on the beaches east- ward therefrom to Belmont pier; maintenance dredging of areas A and B, and at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel; all subject to such modifications as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable to meet the require- ments of the Navy. 1256 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 : Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Local interests have contributed $335,575 for new work and $87,120 for maintenance to cover the excess cost of depositing dredged materials at desired locations. Terminal facilities. In Los Angeles Harbor there are 77,662 linear feet of wharves, of which 65,206 linear feet are owned by the city and 12,456 linear feet by private interests. In Long Beach Harbor there are 42,325 linear feet of wharves and bulkheads, of which there are 14,013 linear feet of finished deep water wharves and quays and 13,515 linear feet of usable bulkheads owned by the city, 10,700 linear feet by the Federal Government, and 4,097 linear feet by private interests. Facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations with regular funds consisted of condition study of the harbors, and mis- cellaneous inspections and reports, all by hired labor. A -public hearing was held and report submitted in connection with removal of West Basin Bridge under the Truman-Hobbs Act. The costs from regular funds were $17,271 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was; com- pleted in 1949. The 11,152-foot San Pedro breakwater was completed in 1912; the silt diversion works in 1923; the Los Angeles inner harbor channels and turning basin in 1931; the Long Beach entrance channel in 1932; the Los Angeles Harbor entrance channel in 1937; and the outer harbor turning basin in 1939. The 18,500-foot (Mid- dle) breakwater was completed in 1942. The 13,350-foot (Long Beach) breakwater was completed in 1949. Dredging from the settling basin at the mouth of the Los Angeles River diversion channel was completed in 1946. Dredging of areas A and B was completed in February 1949. The breakwaters were in good con- dition. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Los Angeles Harbor: Entrance channel- _ - - ...-- - - - - ------------------- 40 July 1949. West anchorage area (outer harbor) 40 Do. East anchorage area (outer harbor)___________ ........................ 40 Do. Turning basin (outer harbor)___________...................... 40 Do. Main channel --- -_ ---------------- ------------------- --------- 35 Do. Turning basin (inner harbor) _............. __... 35 Do. East basin channel and Cerritos channel from slip 5 to Los Angeles- L ong B each C ity boundary _ .. _____________-_ ._.. .. . ____ - 32 M ay 1953. Long Beach Harbor: Entrance channel _______---------------------------------- 36 July 1949. Turning basin __------ - - - - - - - - - - - - 42 Do. Cerritos channel from Los Angeles-Long Beach City boundary to Long Beach turning basin___................................ 40 Do. Setting basin at mouth of Los Angeles River diversion channel....... 25 April 1946. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1257 The total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular_______________-------.----.---- $27, 769, 686 $2, 676, 312 $30,445,998 Public works .. 1,593,667 . ..... . 1,593,667 Emergency------------------------------------------- 996, 792 ---------------- 996, 792 Total, United States funds- - - --- -- 30, 360,145 2,676, 312 33, 036, 457 Contributed ----- 335, 575 87,120 422, 695 Total, all funds....------------------------------- 30,695,720 2, 763, 432 33,459,152 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 195012 New work: Appropriated- _ -$100, 000 -$16, 476 $32, 756,315 Cost_-- - 3,626 12,509 ---------------------------------- 32,547,192 Maintenance: Appropriated______ ____________ --------- $5, 638 $11~600 $17, 500 2,816,096 Cost_ _ ...... _- _-- .. 4,500 -.---------- 2,930 14,.100 17,271 2,815,660 1 Includes $2,187,047 for new work and $139,347.45 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $335,575.40 for new work and $87,120.00 for maintenance performed with contributed funds. This work was in addition to existing project. Additional note: New work includes $1,593,667 public works funds; includes credit of $33,050 from transfer of land at Reservation Point; includes $996,792 Emergency Relief funds. 5. NEWPORT BAY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This improvement is on the Pacific coast, 24 miles southeast of Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbors, and 72 miles north- west of San Diego Harbor, Calif. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 1508.) Existing project. This plan of improvement provides for rub- ble-mound entrance jetties, 900 feet apart, 1,620 and 2,860 feet in length on the east and west sides of the channel, respectively; an entrance channel 20 feet deep and 500 feet wide; a main channel 20 feet deep, 700 feet wide just inside the entrance, narrowing to a general width of 350 feet; and anchorage area 20 feet deep, ap- proximately 3,800 feet long and varying in width up to 520 feet on the north side of the main channel in the easterly end of the bay; an anchorage area 20 feet deep, approximately 5,200 feet long and varying in width up to 600 feet on the south side of the main chan- nel in the easterly end of the bay; a yacht anchorage area 15 feet deep, 1,200 feet wide and 1,700 feet long on the south side of the main channel midway of the bay; the Newport Channel 15 feet 1258 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 deep, approximately 6,000 feet long and varying in width up to 330 feet; a turning basin 20 feet deep, approximately 2,000 feet long and varying in width up to 1,000 feet at the westerly end of the bay; and for a depth of 10 feet in the remainder of the main bay area. All work described above except widening the 20-foot-deep main channel from a general width of 200 feet to a general width of 350 feet and a width of 700 feet just inside the entrance, the deepening of Newport Channel to 15 feet over a width varying up to 330 feet, and for dredging two anchorages to a depth of 20 feet, which were improvements authorized in the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, was recommended by the Chief of Engineers to the Secretary of War under date of September 25, 1933, and was au- thorized by the Public Works Administration June 15, 1934, at a total estimated cost of $1,835,400 for new work, of which amount local interests were required to contribute one-half. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost of new work is $1,857,000 which is comprised of $1,593,794, the cost of work au- thorized by the Public Works Administration of which local inter- ests contributed one-half; and $1,060,000 (revised 1954), the esti- mated cost of work authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, of which $255,000 is required to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.3 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Maintenance of the work authorized by the Public Senate Commerce Committee Works Administration. print 75th Cong. Mar. 2, 1945 Widening the main channel, deepening the Newport S. Doc. 138, 78th Cong., 1st sess. Channel, and dredging 2 anchorage areas. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The improvements authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, are subject to the conditions that local interests contribute $255,000 to the first cost, and that responsible local agencies agree to furnish without cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredge spoil for the initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required, and to hold and save the United States free from damages result- ing from the improvements. These conditions of local cooperation have not been complied with. Local interests state that they expect to be able to guarantee the $255,000 as soon as Federal funds become available. All prior conditions imposed by the Public Works Administration and by the act of August 26, 1937, are fully complied with. RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1259 In addition to the Federal project requirements the city of New- port Beach and Orange County have expended for dredging and jetty work the sum of $2,657,645 since 1916. Private interests have spent $683,000 for dredging and other harbor work, making the total expenditure for harbor improvements by local interests, $3,340,645. exclusive of the Federal project. Terminal facilities. A county wharf 100 feet long, 440 linear feet of wharves maintained by local canneries for discharge of fish, 120 feet of outfitting wharves, 23 marine railways, and 3 vertical hoists for construction and servicing of small craft. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations with regular funds consisted of miscellaneous inspections and reports by hired labor. The costs from regular funds were $299 for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 76 percent complete. The units of the projects authorized by the Public Works Administration were completed in 1936 at a cost of $1,593,794, half of which was contributed by local interests. The jetties were generally in good condition. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel .......------------------ -- - ----- - 21 March 1953. Main channel....----------------------------------------------------- 19 February 1950. Northerly anchorage area------------- ------------------------------ 12 Do. Southerly anchorage area-------------------------------------------- 12 Do. Yacht anchorage.........-------....-------------------------------------------- 16 Do. Turning basin ------...........--.....------------------------------------------- 20 Do. Newport channel-........------------------------------------------.... 11 Do. Lido channel.......----..........------------------------------------------------ 10 Do. West Lido channel.......------------------------------------------------- 11 Do. Balboa Island channel-........-------------------------------------------- 11 Do. Upper bay channel-......-------....--------------------------------------------.... 11 Do. Areas of the main bay not specifically described have been dredged to a depth of 10 feet. Work remaining consists of wide- ning the main channel, dredging the anchorages on both sides of the main channel opposite Balboa Island, and deepening Newport Channel. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds-...-------- ------------------- -------------------------- $117, 254 $117, 254 Public works funds .......... ---------------------------------- $796,897 --- _796, 897 Total, United States funds__--.--------------- 796, 897 117, 254 914, 151 Contributed funds- .---- -------------------- --------- 796,897 - 1- 796, 897 Total, all funds--- ......---.....-----------------------...-.-. 1,593,794 117,254 1, 711,048 1260 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 I Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated ._- __ - -- -- -- $796,897 Cost _ - - - -796, 897 Maintenance: Appropriated - - - - - - $8, 000 $3, 000 -$1, 501 $1, 050 $1, 000 117,966 Cost................. 7,003 496 645 2,394 299 117,254 1 In addition $796, 897 for new work was performed with contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project- __ __ _ $_ 1,060,103 6. SAN DIEGO HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This improvement is on the Pacific coast just north of the United States-Mexico boundary line, about 96 and 506 miles southeast of Los Angeles Harbor and San Francisco Bay, respec- tively. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5107.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of August 30, 1852, March 3, 1875, Sep- tember 19, 1890, and June 25, 1910. For further details, see page 1976 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1642 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This plan of improvement provides for a rubble-mound jetty 7,500 feet long on Zuniga Shoal; for an en- trance channel 40 feet deep, 800 feet wide; for removal of Middle Ground Shoal and widening the entrance channel to the eastward in that vicinity to a depth of 36 feet; for a bay channel 35 feet deep and 2,200 feet wide from the vicinity of Whalers Bight to the naval air station; for an anchorage area northward of the bay channel 1,200 feet wide, 12,000 feet long, and 35 and 26 feet deep in the east- erly and westerly halves, respectively; for an approach to the 35- foot anchorage, triangular in shape, 900 feet wide and 35 feet deep; for an approach to the 26-foot anchorage, triangular in shape, 800 feet wide and 26 feet deep; for a seaplane basin 1,500 feet wide, 12,000 feet long, and 8 feet deep, landward of the anchorage area; for a turning basin 35 feet deep, opposite the municipal piers; for a channel approximately 20,000 feet long, 1,500 to 2,500 feet wide, and 30 feet deep in the southerly part of the bay; for a channel to National City and Chula Vista 20 feet deep and 200 feet wide; for a seaplane basin in the southerly part of the bay, 5,000 to 8,500 feet wide, 21,000 feet long, and 10 feet deep, using a part of the dredged material to fill an area of approximately 110 acres adjacent to the southerly end of the basin; and for an earthen dike 7,735 feet long to divert the San Diego River from San Diego Bay to Mission Bay. The plane of reference is maen lower low water. The range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 4.7 feet. The extreme range is about 10.5 feet. The latest revised (1954) estimated cost of new work is $10,- 879,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $10,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) ap- RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1261 proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000, of which $20,000 is for entrance channel dredging and $20,000 for bay dredging. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3, 1875 Diversion dike..________ . Annual Report 1873, p. 1142. Sept. 19; 1890 Jetty on Zuniga Shoal . H. [Ex.] Doc. 177, 50th Cong., 1st sess. (Annual Report 1888, p. 2114.) Mar. 4, 1913 Dredging channel through outer bar 570 feet wide and H. Doc. 1309, 62d Cong., 3d sess. 35 feet deep, and a channel through the middle ground 32 feet deep. July 27, 1916 Widening the apporach (area B) to San Diego munic- H. Doc. 648, 64th Cong., 1st sess. ipal pier 2 by dredging area C (north of area B). Aug. 8, 1917 Dredging area A (south of area B) - Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 8, 64th Cong., 2d sess. Do- .- - Dredging the 35-foot channel through the Middle H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Ground. Sept. 22, 1922 Dredging areas D and E_ _- H. Doc. 1000, 66th Cong., 3d sess. Mar. 3, 1925 Widening the apporach (area C) to San Diego munic- Rivers and Harbors Committee ipal pier 1 by dredging a portion of area F (north of Doc. 2, 68th Cong., lst' sss. area C). July 3, 1930 For the 40-foot channel through the outer bar; dredg- S. Doc. 81, 71st Cong., 2d sess. ing along the south and north banks of the main channel; dredging the turning basin; dredging area H; and dredging a channel to National City and Chula Vista. Aug. 30, 1935 1 Widening the bay channel to 2,200 feet with depth of H. Doc. 223, 73d Cong., 2d sess. 35 feet from the vicinity of Whalers Bight in the lower bay to the naval air station opposite the turning basin. Aug. 26, 1937 Dredging areas Q, Q-1, M, N, and O_____ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 89, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Oct. 17, 1940 Dredging of a seaplane basin (area S) of approxi- H. Doc. 844, 76th Cong., 3d sess., mately 3,000 acres, 10 feet deep, and the filling of an area of approximately 110 acres adjacent to the southerly end of the basin 2 Mar. 2, 1945 Dredging of triangular approaches to 26- and 35-foot H. Doc. 390, 77th Cong., 1st sess. . anchorages, area M. 1Included in the Emergency Relief program, May 28, 1935. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, provides that before any work is undertaken on the turning basin, local interests shall furnish necessary disposal areas and give as- surances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and Chief of En- gineers that they will deepen areas adjacent to the municipal piers to depth of 35 feet, and that before any work is undertaken on the channel to Chula Vista local interest shall contribute $10,000 in cash. These conditions have been complied with, except in the case of the channel to Chula Vista. The modification of the project in act of October 17, 1940, is subject to the provision that the Chief of Engineers may direct the disposal of dredged materials on lands not under Federal ownership, provided that local interests reim- burse the United States for the cost involved in excess of the cost of disposal by the most economical method and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from such disposal. This requirement was accepted by resolution of the city of Coronado, and approved by the Chief of Engineers. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, requires no local cooperation. Terminal facilities. In San Diego Harbor there are 34,427 linear feet of wharves, exclusive of Government-owned wharves of which 16,123 feet are municipally owned, and 18,304 linear feet by 1262 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 private interests. In addition, there are 2 wharves at Coronado and 1 Government-owned wharf at North Island. Facilities are being expanded to meet increased commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations with regular funds consisted of a condition study of the harbor, and miscellaneous inspections and reports, all by hired labor. The costs from regular funds were $3,057 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 91 percent complete. The San Diego River dike was completed in 1876; the Zuniga Shoal jetty in 1904; the entrance channel to a width of 800 feet and a depth of 40 feet in 1934; the bay channel to a width of 2,200 feet and a depth of 35 feet in 1936; dredging for the Navy at mooring No. 49 in 1941; dredging the westerly anchorage area and seaplane basin in area M to depths of 26 and 8 feet, respectively; and areas N and 0 to a depth of 30 feet in 1942; divisions 3 and 4 of area S in 1942; division 2 in 1944; and division 1 in 1946. Dredging in area S, to the extent desired by the Navy, was completed in 1946. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel-- 40 April 1953. Bay channel . 35 April 1952. 26-foot anchorage. ------------------------------ 26 Do. Triangular approach to 26-foot anchorage------ 1 Do. 35-foot anchorage .....------------------- --------------------- 35 Do. Triangular approach to 35-foot anchorage------------ 26 Do. Seaplane basin (area M) --- 8 Do. Turning basin ..-------------- 35 Do. South Bay Channel-..... ..-------------- ----------------- ----- - 30 Do. Seaplane basin (area S)------------------- 10 Do. Chula Vista Channel----- - 16 Do. Work remaining consists of completion of dredging in area S, the triangular approaches to the 26-foot and 35-foot anchorages in area M, and the Chula Vista Channel. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds --------------------------- ------ $7, 949, 756 $275, 971 $8, 225, 727 Public works funds .............................--.. 86, 352 -------------- 86, 352 Emergency Relief funds-...............- __ 1, 226, 793-------------............ 1, 226, 793 Total, United States funds_ 9, 262, 901 275, 971 9, 538, 872 Contributed funds _ _ - 4,441 - 4, 441 Total, all funds __-- -- 9, 267, 342 275, 971 9, 543, 313 RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1263 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- I ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950123 New work: ------------------------------- Appropriated--.. ----. $9,417,605 Cost --- - -- 9,417,605 Maintenance: Appropriated ....- - $10, 500 $ 6 $ 5,112 $3, 200 $3, 600 336, 780 Cost.----------------- 703 1, 915 10,432 5, 406 3,057 335,875 1Includes $154,704 for new work and $59,904 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $4,441 for new work was performed with contributed funds. a Includes $86,352 public works funds; includes $1,226,793 Emergency Relief funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project_ _ _---- $1,616,099 7. SAN DIEGO RIVER AND MISSION BAY, CALIF. Location. San Diego River has its source on the tableland in Cuyamaca Mountains near Santa Ysabel, Calif., and flows south- westerly 52 miles to the Pacific Ocean at the city of San Diego. Mission Bay Harbor is adjacent to the outlet of San Diego River, 77 miles southeast of Los Angeles-Long Beach Harbors and 8 miles north of San Diego Harbor. Existing project. This plan of improvement provides for a leveed flood channel 800 feet wide with a capacity of 87,400 cubic feet per second, from 0.4 mile above Morena Boulevard, 3.3 miles directly to the ocean; alteration of a railroad bridge over the leveed river flood channel; dredging of an entrance channel 20 feet deep into Mission Bay, and in the bay a main channel and turning basin about 3,500 feet long and 1,000 feet wide, and two anchorage basins, one 3,000 feet long and 800 feet wide and the other about 1,600 feet long and 800 feet wide, all to a depth of 20 feet; and construction of three jetties at the entrance, and stone revetment for the banks of the entrance and main channels and turning basin. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost of new work is $9,- 860,000 and the estimated cost of annual maintenance is $13,000 for the navigation improvement. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946. (See H. Doc. 760, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) This project mod- ifies the flood control project: "San Diego River Basin, Calif." (See H. Doc. 635, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) The plane of reference is main lower low water. The diurnal range is 4.4 feet. The extreme range is 9.5 feet. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to provide the necessary bulkheading and give assurances satisfactory to the Sec- retary of Army that they will: (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands and rights-of-way, including spoil disposal areas necessary for construction of the improvements; (2) make all necessary alterations to highway bridges, utilities, and side- drainage structures; (3) purchase and hold in the public interests the lands between the flood control channel and Mission Bay, west of United States Highway 101; (4) prepare project plans and con- 1264 REPORT OF CIIIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 struction schedules for the improvement of the bay area for park purposes, which shall be subject to approval by the Secretary of Army; (5) complete the improvements of the 8-foot dredging and park development within 5 years after completion of the project; (6) provide adequate facilities for storage, maintenance, and sup- ply of small craft; (7) maintain and operate the entire project, except maintenance of the jetties, stone revetment constructed by the United States, and project depths in areas dredged by the United States; (8) protect the carrying capacity of the flood con- trol channel from future encroachments or obstructions; and (9) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the con- structions works. Local interests have furnished assurances specified by the act which were approved by the Secretary of the Army and have ex- pended in excess of $8 million toward fulfillment of the require- ments of local cooperation; dredged about 8 million cubic yards in the west and east arms of Mission Bay, all to a depth of 8 feet; removed the Mission Boulevard Bridge; completed a temporary bridge at Ventura Boulevard; completed new bridges at Midway Drive, U. S. 101, Sunset Cliffs Boulevard, and Morena Boulevard. Controlling depths were as follows: Feet Date ascertained Entrance channel (pilot channel) .. 7 May 1952. M ain channel (pilot channel)......... _ ................. .- -- - 8 June 1951. Turning basin (pilot channel)___ ________._ 8 Do. East anchorage basin (pilot channel) - - - -- - 8 Do. West anchorage basin _ - __ _ 8 Do. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations con- sisted of preparation of a completion report and maintenance man- ual for the floodway portion of the project. The costs from regular funds were $1,708 for new work per- formed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project as a!whole is approximately 68 percent completed. The project plan for the entire project has been completed. Construction of the downcoast and middle jetties by contract was completed in November 1949. Construction of the north jetty by contract was completed in Sep- tember 1950. Relocation of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway bridge by contract was completed in February 1951. Con- struction of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway bridge approaches by contract was completed in April 1951. Construc- tion of unit No. 1 of the flood channel by continuing contract was completed in August 1951. Construction of foundations for two navigation light towers near ends of middle and north jetties was completed in April 1952. Construction of stone revetment bank protection by contract along east shore of main channel was com- pleted in June 1952. Construction of unit No. 2 of the flood chan- nel by contract was commenced in April 1951 and completed in June 1953. Work remaining consists of completing dredging of an entrance RIVERS AND HARBORS-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1265 channel, a main channel, a turning basin, and two anchorage basins, and revetment of slopes of resultant fills. The total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, are as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular __--- _ .. . . . $6,503,244 --------------- $6,503,244 Contributed __. - --- 115,689 ------------ 115,689' Total, all funds. __ ___ 6,618,933 ___-- - - - - -6,618,933 Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 New work: Appropriated __.. $2,225,000 $1,515,499 $510,000 ... Cost_ -- 1,787,312 2, 983,279 628,578 $71,146 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_-___----- $5,740 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_________ --------------------------- 5,740 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project ---------- ---------- 3,350,810 8. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated full report, amount Name of project required to see annual Operation report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. San Luis Obispo Harbor, Calif 1937 $568,417.13 $54, 715.08 (1) 1 Completed. 9. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs during the fiscal year for navigation studies and beach erosion cooperative studies were as follows: Hedionda Lagoon Harbor and Shore Protection ....... $ 1,875 Interim report on critical sites, San Diego County, Calif_ 11,277 The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year amounting to $3,870 plus accounts receivable of $1,471, a total of $5,341 will be applied during fiscal year 1955 as follows: Interim report on critical sites, San Diego County, Calif $ 5,341 The additional sum of $48,000 can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1956. 1266 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 I 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated__ -- - $17,997 $453,255 Cost--- -- 23,969 148 443, 10. LOS ANGELES COUNTY DRAINAGE AREA, CALIFORNIA Location. The site of the improvement is along the Los An- geles and San Gabriel Rivers, Rio Hondo and Ballona Creek, and tributaries thereof in Los Angeles County, Calif. Existing project. The Flood Control Acts of June 22, 1936, and May 15, 1937, authorized the construction of reservoirs and channel improvements in Los Angeles and San Gabriel Rivers, Rio Hondo, and Ballona Creek, and tributaries thereof for protection of Los Angeles County, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers on recommendation of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors at an estimated construction cost not to exceed $70,000,000. The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, adopted the general comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the basins of the Los Angeles and San Gabriel Rivers, Rio Hondo and Ballona Creek as set forth in House Document No. 838, 76th Congress, 3d session, and in addition to previous authorizations, the act authorized $25 million for the further accomplishment of that plan. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized to be appropriated in addition to previous authoriza- tions, the sum of $25 million for the prosecution of the comprehen- sive plan approved in the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized to be appropriated, in addition to previous authorizations, the sum of $25 million for the further prosecution of the comprehensive plan. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, modified the com- prehensive plan by authorizing the construction of channel im- provements on Rio Hondo to conduct flood-water and other releases from Whittier Narrows flood control basin to the Los Angeles River channel, in accordance with plans on file in the Office, Chief of Engineers. This act also authorized to be appropriated, in addi- tion to previous authorizations, the sum of $40 million for prose- cution of the comprehensive plan. For the Los Angeles River Basin the plan provides for the Sepul- veda, Hansen, and Lopez flood control basins, debris basins at the mouths of 17 tributary canyons, improvement of 49.07 miles of main channel and 53.42 miles of tributary channels, and recon- struction of 109 bridges. For the San Gabriel River Basin the plan provides for the Santa Fe and Whittier Narrows flood con- trol basins, debris basins at the mouths of 7 tributary canyons, improvement of 35.6 miles of main channel and 69.16 miles of tributary channels and reconstruction of 142 bridges. For the Rio FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1267 Hondo Basin the plan provides for debris basins at the mouth of 7 tributary canyons, improvement of 17.51 miles of main channel and 35.23 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 65 bridges. For Ballona Creek Basin the plan provides for debris basins at the mouths of 2 canyons, 2 jetties at the mouth of Ballona Creek, improvement of 2.39 miles of main channel and 23.67 miles of tributary channels, and reconstruction of 12 bridges. Prior to the authorization of the existing project, flood control improvements in the Los Angeles metropolitan area were under- taken as Emergency Relief projects at a cost of $16,726,888 Emergency Relief funds and $4,238,000 contributed funds. For full report on these improvements see Annual Report for 1941. The units included in the comprehensive plan are listed in the following table: 1268 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Latest approved estimated cost 1954 Project unit Federal Local Total LOS ANGELES RIVER BASIN Blanchard channel A. E. $454,000 $35,000 $489,000 Blue Gum Canyon----------------.------------------------ . 214,000 25,000 239,000 Burbank-Eastern system ._.......... 13,188,000 90,000 13, 278,000 Burbank-Western system (lower) 1 -------- 1,254,800 232 000 1,486,800 Burbank-Western system (upper)_-------------_ 6,469,700 2,200,000 8,669,700 Caballero Creek_ ....... _ 2,465,600 275,000 2,740,600 Compton Creek 1_. . -. . 3,742,200 401,000 4,143,200 Dead Horse Canyon and Royal Blvd. Channel . - - 733,500 125,000 858, 500 Haines Canyon 1_I.- - - - -524,700 -524, 700 Hansen flood-control basin 1---------- 11,363, 700 -11,363, 700 Lopez Canyon diversion _._ . ._.914,400 300,000 1,214,400 Lopez flood-control basin 1I - ----------- 498, 900 -498,900 Los Angeles River channel: Owensmouth Ave. to Lankershim Blvd.l-__ - 17, 423,300• 3,864,000 21, 287,300 Lankershim Blvd. to Stewart and Gray Rd.1 - - 60, 545,300 -- 60,545,300: Stewart and Gray Rd. to Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric Ry. bridge 1....... 6,278,200 50,000 6,328,200 Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric Ry. bridge to Pacific Ocean '__.---- .29,959, 900 12, 000,000 41,959,900 Pacoima Wash channel 1 __........ __-.... --.... - 3,215,000 1,150,000 4,365,000 Sepulveda flood-control basin ._--------- .__ .. . 6,648,200 -- 6, 648, 200 Sycamore Wash . .. 23,500 -23,500 Tujunga Wash channel 1. 7, 604 300 2,027, 000 9,631,300 Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge . . 752,600 752,600 Verdugo Wash, Upper Canada bridge to debris basin -..- 1, 546 000 90,000 1,636,000 Wilson Canyon and Mansfield St. channel--- .----- 3,657, 000 500,000 4,157,000 Winery Canyon ---------------------------------------- 939,000 90,000 1,029,000 Total - 180,415,800 -.............. 23,454,000 203 869,800 SAN GABRIEL RIVER BASIN Coyote Creek ........ 11,494000 4,000,000 15, 494,000 Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash '........ 3,154, 700 400,000 3,554,700 Marshall Creek-...................................... 1,711,500 125,000 1,836, 500 Santa Fe flood-control basin 1 -. 12, 636, 000 . - 12,636,000 San Gabriel River channel: San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood-control basin 1926,300--------------1,926, 300 Santa Fe flood-control basin to Whittier Narrows ...... . 6,966,600 1,345,000 8,311,600 Whittier Narrows to Pacific Ocean -..... _ 9,214,400 1,000,000 10,214,400 Thompson Creek and San Jose Wash_ 5,616, 500 1,000,000 6,616,500 Walnut Creek System 1 _ ___34,358,500 6,750,000 41,108,500 Walnut Creek Inlet channel_ _ 4,035, 700 525,000 4,560,700 Whittier Narrows flood-control basin 1I __32,400,000 -- -.- .. 32,400,000 Total__ -123,514,200 ......... 15,145,000 138,659,200 RIO HONDO BASIN Alhambra Wash I... 1,117,100 1,117,100 Arcadia Wash system 1_ _..... 9,943,100 1,455,000 11,398,100 Eaton Wash 1 _ 5, 630,200 1,350,000 6,980,200 Rio Hondo channel: Santa Fe Railway to Whittier Narrows flood control basin (upper) I.... . . 10,638,500 1,969,000 12,607,500 Whittier Narrows flood control basin to Los Angeles River (lower) 1__ 4,889, 200 1, 763,000 6,652,200 Rubio Canyon diversion_ 1,522,200 175,000 1,697, 200 Santa Anita Wash 6,824,600 1,600,000 8,424,600 Sawpit Wash 1 -_ 4,824,000 1,369, 000 6,193,000 Sierra Madre Villa channel__ _ 834,000 130,000 964,000 Total _46, 222, 900 9,811,000 56,033,900 BALLONA CREEK BASIN Ballona Creek channel and jetties 1_ _ -- _ 2,087, 000 -2,087,000 Benedict Canyon-----_. 9,167, 900 300,000 9,467,900 Centinela Creek 1 6,099,000 3, 225,000 9,324,000 tHigginsand Coldwater Canyons_ -_--10, 519,000 300,000 10,819,000 Sawtelle-Westwood systems 1 -14,-324,900 765,000 15,089, 900 Buildings, grounds, and utilities _............... 71,800 -_ - 71,800 Permanent operating equipment -...... _ 23, 900 - 23,900 Total ... .... . . 42, 293,500 4,590,000 46,883,500 Grand total for comprehensive plan . 392, 446,400 53,000,000 445, 446, 400 1 The individual units that have been selected for construction are described in the following paragraphs. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1269 LOS ANGELES RIVER BASIN Hansen flood control basin: This unit is on Tujunga Wash ap- proximately 9.4 miles above its junction with Los Angeles River. It includes a rolled earthfill dam 10,475 feet long, maximum height 97 feet above stream bed, with a flood control basin of 34,100 acre-feet capacity at spillway crest; an uncontrolled spillway 284 feet in length, located near the center of the dam where bedrock is available; and outlet works through the dam near the center of the structure. The operation of the basin regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 147.4 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 64,800 to 12,000 cubic feet per second. Sepulveda flood control basin: This unit is on upper Los Angeles River, approximately 43:1 miles above the mouth. It includes a rolled earthfill dam 15,443 feet long, maximum height 57 feet above stream bed, with a flood control basin of 16,700 acre-feet capacity at top of spillway crest gates; a spillway 399 feet in length, located near the center of the dam; and outlet works through the dam near the center of the structure. The operation of the basin regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 155.3 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 69,000 to 7,100 cubic feet per second. Los Angeles River channel, Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard: This unit comprises three sections (1) Owensmouth Avenue to Sepulveda flood control basin; (2) Sepulveda flood con- trol basin to Tujunga Wash; (3) Tujunga Wash to Lankershim Boulevard. The plan of improvement provides for a reinforced concrete channel for Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard. (A distance of 13.2 miles.') The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Los Angeles River channel; Lankershim Boulevard to Niagara Street: This improvement provides a rectangular concrete chan- nel from Lankershim Boulevard to Niagara Street (a distance of 1.7 miles). The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Los Angeles River channel, Niagara Street to Stewart and Gray Road: The plan of improvement provides for channel improve- ments along Los Angeles River as follows: A rectangular concrete channel from Niagara Street to the Burbank Western Wash (1.7 miles)'; a trapezoidal channel with concrete slab or grouted rock protection from the Burbank Western Wash to 1,400 feet above Dayton Avenue (7.5 miles); a channel with concrete invert and either sloping concrete side walls or vertical sheet steel-pile or concrete retaining walls, depending on rights-of-way available and the proximity of mainline railroads on each bank, from 1,400 feet above Dayton Avenue to Soto Street (5.4 miles); a trapezoidal channel with concrete slab or grouted rock bank protection from Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road (6.2 miles) ; and four high- way bridges, four railroad bridges, and one footbridge. Additional work consists of repairs to invert at Spring Street and Main and Alhambra Street, paving of soft-bottom channels, Victory Blvd. to 1270 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Dayton Ave. and the reach Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road. The unit provides protection for the city of Los Angeles. The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Los Angeles River channel, Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana branch Pacific Electric Railway bridge: The plan provides for levees with grouted cobblestone bank protection and concrete paved invert for this reach of the river (a distance of 2.4 miles). The unit provides protection for the low-lying areas of Los Angeles, South Gate, and Lynwood to the west and South Gate to the east. The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Los Angeles River channel, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean: The plan of improvement provides for construction of a trapezoidal channel from the Santa Ana branch Pacific Elec- tric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean (a distance to 10.3 miles). The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Los Angeles River channel, Long Beach Boulevard: This im- provement provides channel rectification of the Los Angeles River at Long Beach Boulevard for a distance of about 0.4 mile, by the removal of about 154,000 cubic yards of material. The unit re- moved a constriction in the river channel above the city of Long Beach. Haines Canyon: This unit consists of a rectangular reinforced concrete channel of Haines Canyon from Plainview Avenue to mouth of Haines Canyon (a distance of 1.8 miles), thus completing a channel 3.6 miles long from Tujunga Wash to existing debris basin. The unit also includes reconstruction of debris basin by construction of reinforced concrete spillway and outlet structure, enlargement of earthfill embankment, and excavation in basin. The debris basin and the channel between Tujunga Wash and Plainview Avenue were constructed under Emergency Relief projects. The project intercepts the runoff from 7 square miles of mountainous terrain and protects the cities of Tujunga and Sunland. The unit is designed for the probable maximum flood. Sycamore Wash: This unit consists of 0.07 mile of covered rein- forced concrete conduit at the junction of Sycamore Wash with the Los Angeles River between San Fernando Road and Southern Pacific Railroad, to provide an outlet for the existing improved channel through the city of Glendale. The unit, including 0.6 mile of improved channel completed under Emergency Relief projects, will receive the runoff from an area of 7.7 square miles in the south portion of the city of Glendale. The channel is designed for 35 percent of the probable maximum flood. Local interests contem- plate construction of a relief bypass channel, when required by fu- ture development. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street, to Upper Canada Bridge: This unit includes channel improvements along Verdugo Wash, consist- ing of the following features : 5.1 miles of reinforced concrete chan- nel connecting existing improved channels at both ends of the wash between Concord Street and Upper Canada Boulevard Bridge, in the city of Glendale, and the removal and replacement of 15 street bridges, 1 railroad bridge, and 1 footbridge. The unit, including a debris basin and improved channel, above and below the project, FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1271 completed in part under Emergency Relief projects, and in part by the Los Angeles County flood control district, provides protection for the city of Glendale. The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Compton Creek, Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain: This unit includes channel improvements along Compton Creek, consisting of the following features: 3.5 miles of rectangular rein- forced concrete channel from above the mouth of the Hooper Ave- nue storm drain to below Greenleaf Avenue in the city of Compton; 0.5 mile of rock-paved trapezoidal channel below Greenleaf Ave- nue; 12 highway bridges and 2 railway bridges. The unit, includ- ing 2.5 miles of improvement between Alameda Street and Los Angeles River completed under Emergency Relief projects, pro- vides protection for a large part of the southern portion of the city of Los Angeles and the low-lying area in and around the city of Compton. The channel is designated for the probable maximum flood. Compton Creek, Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street: This improvement provides an open, rectangular concrete channel from Main Street to the upper end of the existing concrete channel (a distance of 2.1 miles), and includes the construction of one rail- road bridge. The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Lopez flood control basin. This unit is located on Pacoima Wash approximately 6 miles above its confluence with Tujunga Wash. The improvement serves principally as a debris basin. The plans provide for a rolled earthfill dam about 1,300 feet long, maximum height about 50 feet above stream bed, with a debris and flood con- trol basin of about 900 acre-feet capacity. The drainage area above the dam site is 34 square miles. The partly regulated and desilted outflows will discharge into the Pacoima Wash channel. Pacoima Wash channel: This unit includes channel improve- ments consisting of the following features: 5:9 miles of trapezoidal channel with reinforced concrete invert and grouted cobble-stone slopes with base width ranging from 10 feet to 35 feet, and 0.6 mile of rectangular reinforced concrete channel, with base widths of 30 feet and 55 feet, extending from Lopez flood control basin to the confluence with Tujunga Wash channel. This unit is desig- nated to accommodate the standard project flood. Tujunga Wash channel: This improvement provides an open rectangular concrete channel extending from the existing struc- ture at Hansen flood control basin to the Los Angeles River (a dis- tance of 9.3 miles). This unit provides flood protection for resi- dential areas in San Fernando Valley. The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Burbank-Western system (lower): This unit is on Burbank Wash, a tributary of Los Angeles River. The plan of improve- ment provides for a rectangular reinforced concrete channel and appurtenant structures, extending from Burbank Boulevard to above Victory Boulevard, a distance of approximately 1.6 miles. The channel is designed with a width of 40 to 60 feet and with wall heights of 12 to 16 feet. The construction of 5 highway bridges and of 5 railroad bridges, and the relocation of 5 sewer lines and 1272 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 other public utilities are included in the plan. The channel is designed to provide adequate protection from erosion and overflow damage by uncontrolled floodwater of the Burbank-Western sys- tem for the residential and industrial properties located in or ad- jacent to the valley area between Burbank Boulevard and the Los Angeles River. SAN GABRIEL RIVER BASIN Santa Fe flood control basin: This unit is on San Gabriel River, approximately 29 miles above its mouth. The improvement provides a rolled earthfill dam 23,800 feet long, maximum height 92 feet above stream bed, with a flood control basin of 34,300 acre-feet capacity at spillway crest; an uncon- trolled spillway 1,200 feet in length, located near the right abut- ment; and outlet works through the dam near the center of the structure. The operation of the basin regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 231 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 81,600 to 19,000 cubic feet per second. San Gabriel River channel, San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control basin: This unit includes the raising and strengthen- ing of existing levees between the mouth of San Gabriel Canyon and the Santa Fe flood control basin, a distance of 3.4 miles. This unit will confine the probable maximum flood on the upper San Gabriel River to its present course, prevent flanking of the Santa Fe flood control basin, and will protect the builtup areas in the vicinity of Azusa. Whittier Narrows flood control basin: This unit is on the main channels of Rio Hondo and San Gabriel River 10 miles east of the city of Los Angeles and between 3 and 4 miles downstream from the city of El Monte, Calif. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam with gated flood control outlets discharging into Rio Hondo chan- nel and gated spillway outlets discharging into San Gabriel River channel, with a flood control basin of 35,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the basin will regulate the runoff from a trib- utary area of 554 square miles of which 231 square miles are now controlled at Santa Fe flood control basin. 'Emerald Wash and Like Oak Wash: This unit is in San Gabriel River Basin about 4 miles from the San Bernardino County line. The plan of improvement for Emerald Wash provides for construc- tion of a debris basin on Emerald Wash of 20,000 cubic yards ca- pacity and one on the east branch of Emerald Wash of 60,000 cubic yards capacity; and an open, rectangular concrete channel, ranging in width from 12 to 24 feet, from the debris basin to Pud- dingstone Reservoir, a distance of 3.1 miles. The East Bra nw Channel from the proposed debris basin to the proposed Emerald Wash Channel, a distance of 0.1 mile, will be an open rectangular concrete channel with a width of 14 feet. The plan of improvement for Live Oak Wash provides for a debris basin of 35,000 yards capacity and an open, rectangular concrete channel, varying in width from 18 to 20 feet, from the debris basin to Emerald Wash, a distance of 1.8 miles. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1273 RIO HONDO BASIN Alhambra Wash: This unit includes channel improvements along Alhambra Wash, as follows: 7.1 miles of rectangular reinforced concrete channel ranging in width from 18 to 40 feet to close gaps and extend the channel from Huntington Drive to the Rio Hondo, and 12 bridges, 6 of which are highway, 2 railroad, 3 farm, and 1 foot-bridge. The project intercepts the runoff from 14.3 square miles of highly developed area in the cities of Alhambra, Pasadena, San Marino, and San Gabriel. The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Arcadia Wash: This unit is in Rio Hondo Basin about 6 miles upstream from Whittier Narrows flood control basin. The plan of improvement provides for construction of an open, rectangular concrete channel, ranging in width from 4 to 50 feet as follows: Lima Street Branch from a debris basin in San Gabriel Mountains downstream a distance of 2.7 miles to the confluence with Baldwin Avenue Branch; Baldwin Avenue Branch from a debris basin in San Gabriel Mountains downstream a distance of 2.3 miles to the confluence with East Branch; East Branch from Orange Grove Avenue downstream, a distance of 1.9 miles to the confluence with the main channel; main channel from East Branch downstream, a distance of 3.1 miles to the confluence with Rio Hondo, and 3 debris basins, Carter, Auburn, and Bailey, these units are located on Arcadia Wash above Sierra Madre, Calif. The plan of improve- ment provides for construction of 3 rolled earthfill debris basins as follows: Carter Debris Basin located at the head of Baldwin Avenue of Arcardia Wash with a design capacity of 19,000 cubic yards; Auburn Debris Basin at the end of Auburn Avenue Branch on Arcadia Wash with a design capacity of 35,000 cubic yards; Bailey Debris Basin located at the head of Lima Street Branch of Arcardia Wash with a design capacity of 124,000 cubic yards. Rio Hondo channel, Santa Fe Railway to Whittier Narrows flood control basin: The plan of improvement for this unit provides for a trapezoidal channel with grouted stone bank paving and rang- ing in width from 50 to 100 feet from the Santa Fe Railway to Whittier Narrows flood control basin (a distance of 9.76 miles). The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Rio Hondo channel, Whittier Narrows flood control basin to Los Angeles River: This unit provides for the construction of a trape- zoidal channel with reinforced concrete invert ranging in width from 50 to 85 feet and grouted stone bank paving from Whittier Narrows flood control basin to Los Angeles River (a distance of 7.75 miles). The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. .Sawpit Wash: This unit is in Rio Hondo basin about 7 miles upstream from Whittier Narrows flood control basin. The plan of improvement provides for construction of an open, rectangular concrete channel, ranging in width from 25 to 50 feet from the debris basin downstream to the confluence with Rio Hondo, a dis- tance of 3.9 miles and Sawpit Wash debris basin, this unit is lo- cated on Sawpit Wash above Monrovia, Calif. The plan of im- 1274 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 provement provides for construction of a rolled earthfill debris basin with a design capacity of 600,000 cubic yards. Rubio Canyon diversion: This plan of improvement provides for a debris basin at the junction of Rubio and Las Flores Canyons and a rectangular concrete channel 16 feet wide to divert the flow from the debris basin to Eaton Wash (a distance of 1.2 miles). The debris basin, with a tributary drainage area of 1.82 square miles, has a debris storage capacity of 182,000 cubic yards. Cov- ered sections are provided at street crossings over the concrete channel in lieu of bridges, and 0.75 mile of the channel is a closed box section. Eaton Wash: This plan of improvement provides for a rein- forced concrete channel ranging in width from 25 to 60 feet from the outlet of Eaton Dam to a junction with Rio Hondo (a distance of 7.6 miles). The plan of improvement provides for the recon- struction of four railroad bridges. The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. BALLONA CREEK BASIN Ballona Creek channel and jetties: This unit includes channel improvements along Ballona Creek, consisting of parts of the fol- lowing: 1.76 miles of rectangular reinforced concrete channel be- tween Redondo and Washington Boulevards, 1.66 miles of rec- tangular concrete conduit with trapezoidal high water section be- tween Washington and La Salle Streets, 5.53 miles of trapezoidal stone-paved section between La Salle Street and the ocean; 2 heavy stone jetties extending into the ocean for approximately 800 feet to insure a free channel at the outlet; 14 highway bridges, 3 rail- road bridges, the substructure for a future highway bridge; a temporary highway bridge and a temporary railroad bridge; and large regulating gates at the mouth of Playa del Rey Lagoon, to allow free tidal action within the lagoon. The unit provides drain- age for 130 square miles of area in West Los Angeles, and when side drainage channels are provided, will control floods in West Los Angeles, Venice, Culver City, and Beverly Hills. The channel is designed for the probable maximum flood. Centinela Creek: The plan of improvement provides for the construction of rectangular reinforced concrete channel approx- imately 44 feet in width from the Pacific Electric Railway Bridge downstream to the confluence at Ballona Creek, a distance of 2.3 miles. Sawtelle-Westwood system: This unit is on the southerly slopes of the Santa Monica Mountains, about 4 miles northeast of the city of Santa Monica and extends from a debris basin north of Sunset Boulevard to a confluence with Ballona Creek, 3.46 miles from the Pacific Ocean. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of rec- tangular reinforced concrete channels as follows: East Branch from Pico Boulevard southerly 1.06 miles to a confluence with Westwood Branch; from a debris basin in the Santa Monica Mountains downstream a distance of 5.7 miles to the confluence with Sawtelle Branch; Sawtelle Branch from Pearl Street a dis- FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1275 tance of 1.6 miles to a confluence with Westwood Branch; and the Sawtelle-Westwood channel from that confluence to Ballona Creek, a distance of 2.2 miles. The plan includes construction of four highway bridges and two covered sections in Westwood Branch. Local cooperation. No local cooperation is required at the fol- lowing locations: Hansen flood control basin. Sepulveda flood control basin. Los Angeles River channel: Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road. Long Beach Boulevard. Haines Canyon. Sycamore Wash. Verdugo Wash, Concord Street, to Upper Canada Bridge. Compton Creek, Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain. Lopez flood control basin. Santa Fe flood control basin. San Gabriel River channel: San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control basin. Santa Fe flood control basin to Walnut Creek. (That portion constructed within the $70,000,000 authorization.) Whittier Narrows flood control basin. Alhambra Wash. Ballona Creek channel and jetties. Local interests are required to furnish all lands, easements, and rights-of-way, bear the expense of all highway and highway bridge modifications, hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, and maintain and operate all the works after completion at the following locations: Los Angeles River channel: Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard. Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge. Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean. Verdugo Wash, Upper Canada Bridge to debris basin. Compton Creek, hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street. Caballero Creek. Wilson Canyon and Mansfield Street channel. Lopez Canyon diversion. Pacoima Wash channel. Blue Gum Canyon. Tujunga Wash channel. Burbank-Western system (lower). Burbank-Western system (upper). Burbank-Eastern system. Blanchard channel. Dead Horse Canyon and Royal Boulevard channel. Winery Canyon. San Gabriel River channel: Santa Fe flood control basin to Walnut Creek. (Only the portion required to be built outside of the $70,000,000 authorization.) Walnut Creek to Whittier Narrows flood control basin. Whittier Narrows flood control basin to Pacific Ocean. Walnut Creek system. Walnut Creek Inlet channel. Marshall Creek. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash. Thompson Creek and San Jose Wash. Coyote Creek. Rio Honde channel: Santa Fe Railway to Whittier Narrows flood-control basin. Whittier Narrows flood control basin to Los Angeles River. 1276 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Sawpit Wash. Sierra Madre Villa channel. Santa Anita Wash. Arcadia Wash system. Rubio Canyon diversion. Eaton Wash. Higgins and Coldwater Canyons. Benedict Canyon. Sawtelle-Westwood (lower). Sawtelle-Westwood (upper). Centinela Creek. Hansen flood control basin: Operations consisted of maintain- ing the dam in good operating condition, preparation of operations and maintenance manual and recreational reports. The costs from regular funds for new work were minus $1,040 for work performed by contract and $866 for work performed by hired labor. The costs from regular funds for maintenance were $28,890 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $28,716. Two-hundred and eighty c.f.s. was the maximum inflow into reservoir and occurred on February 14, 1954. Release from reser- voir was for spreading only. The maximum water in storage was 2,540 acre-feet, or 8 percent of the gross storage capacity at spill- way crest. Sepulveda flood control basin: Operations consisted of main- taining the dam in good operating condition; preparation of op- eration and maintenance manual and recreational reports. The costs from regular funds were $3,282 for new work and $31,293 for maintenance, all performed by hired labor. The total costs were $34,575. Two minor storms occurred during the year: one on January 19, 1954, which produced a peak inflow and outflow of 2,500 c.f.s.; the other storm occurred on February 13, which produced a peak inflow of 3,200 c.f.s. and a peak outflow of 3,100 c.f.s. Reservoir peak storage was 34 acre-feet, or 2 percent of gross storage' at spillway crest. Los Angeles River channel, Owensmouth Avenue to Lankershim Boulevard: This section of the river comprises three parts :.(1) Owensmouth Avenue to Sepulveda flood control basin ; (2) Sepul- veda flood control basin to Tujunga Wash; (3) Tujunga Wash to Lankershim Boulevard. Part (1), work consisted of completion of the project plan and preparation of plans and specifications. Construction by continuing contract was started in April 1954 on the reach from Sepulveda Reservoir to Reseda Boulevard, part 6, and is 18 percent complete. Plans and specifications were started and are 45 percent complete on Reseda to Corbin Avenue, part 7. Part (2), complete; part (3), complete. The costs from regular funds for new work for the three units were $497,851 for work performed by contract and $98,886 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $596,737, exclusive of contrib- uted funds. .Los Angeles River channel, Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart :and Gray Road: Operations consisted of rights-of-way transac- tions, preparation of plans and specifications for repairs to the unreinforced section of the invert, and repairs to the soft-bottom FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1277 section of the channel, and maintaining the channel in good oper- ating condition. Status of repairs for the unreinforced invert on three parts of the reach, North Broadway to Aliso Street, is as follows: Plans and specifications are complete for part 1, Spring Street. Construction was started on Spring Street in May 1104 and is 71 percent complete. Plans and specifications for part 2, Main Street, and for part 3, Alhambra Avenue are 98 percent complete. Plans and specifications for paving the soft-bottom (emergency) section, Victory Blvd. to Dayton Ave., 90 percent complete. The costs from regular funds for new work were $80,312 for work performed by contract and $31,010 by hired labor. The costs from regular funds for maintenance were $36,- 303 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $147,625. One minor storm occurred on February 13, 1954, producing a peak discharge of 6,400 c.f.s. at Mariposa Street, which is approx- imately 11 percent of channel capacity. At Dayton Avenue the peak discharge was 9,600 c.f.s., which was approximately 11 per- cent of channel capacity, and at Firestone Boulevard the peak discharge was 19,500 c.f.s., which was approximately 16 percent of channel capacity. Los Angeles River channel, Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana Branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge: Operations con- sisted of completion of construction by contract of the reach from station 560+00 to station 570+00, in February 1954. The costs from regular funds for new work were $695,249 for work per- formed by contract and $79 by hired labor. The total costs were $695,328, exclusive of contributed funds. Los Angeles River channel, Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge to Pacific Ocean: Operations consisted of the initiation of plans and specifications on part 4, 20th St. to Wil- low St., 85 percent complete; part 5, Willow St. to Wardlow Rd., 5 percent complete; part 6, Wardlow Rd. to Carson S., 5 percent complete; and part 12, Compton Blvd. to Pacific Electric Railway, 80 percent complete. Operations also included completion of con- struction by contract of the reach from Pacific Ocean to Seventh St., December 1953. Plans and specifications were completed and construction by continuing contract initiated in April 1954 on the reach from Seventh St. to 20th St. and is complete. The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,711,357 for work performed by contract and $213,790 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $1,925,147. Los Angeles River channel, Long Beach Boulevard: No opera- tions were performed during the fiscal year. Haines Canyon: Operations consisted of maintaining the chan- nel and debris basin in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $293 for maintenance performed by hired labor. No major storms occurred in this area, and deposit of detrital material in the basin was negligible. Sycamore Wash: No operations were performed. during they fiscal year. No major storms occurred in this area during the: fiscal year. 1278 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Verdugo Wash, Concord Street to Upper Canada bridge: No op- erations were performed during the fiscal year. One minor storm occurred on February 13, 1954, producing a peak discharge of 1,300 c.f.s., which is approximately 7 percent of channel capacity. Compton Creek, Alameda Street to Main Street: Operations consisted of maintaining the channel in good operating condition from Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street and of preparing the operation and maintenance manual for the channel from Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street. The costs from regu- lar funds were $646 for new work and $2,587 for maintenance, all work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $3,233. Three minor storms occurred on November 14, 1953, January 19, and February 13, 1954, producing peak discharges of 1,360 c.f.s., 1,670 c.f.s., and 3,600 c.f.s., of which the maximum peak was approximately 40 percent of channel capacity. Lopez flood control basin: Operations consisted of completion of the project plan and preparation of contract plans and specifica- tions. Construction of the dam, by contract was initiated in April 1954 and is 15 percent complete. The costs from regular funds for new work were $174,837 for work performed by contract and $47,744 for hired labor. The total costs were $222,581. Pacoima Wash channel: Operations consisted of completion by contract of the reach from Tujunga Wash to Arleta Avenue in December 1953. Construction by continuing contract on the reach from Arleta Avenue to Lopez flood control basin was completed in April 1954. The operational maintenance manual is being pre- pared. The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,960,208 for work performed by contract and $11,403 by hired labor. The total costs were $1,971,611, exclusive of contributed funds. Tujunga Wash channel: Operations consisted of preparation of operations and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds for new work were -$981 for hired labor. The total costs were -$981, exclusive of contributed funds. Burbank-Western system (lower): Completed in September 1949, no operation or maintenance work was required in fiscal year 1954. SAN GABRIEL RIVER BASIN Santa Fe flood control basin: Operations consisted of maintain- ing the dam in good operating condition, installation of metering apparatus, and preparation of operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds were $1,056 for new work and $21,- 065 for maintenance by hired labor. The total costs were $22,121. A maximum inflow into reservoir of 170 c.f.s. occurred on March 30, 1954. Release from reservoir was for spreading only. The maximum water in storage was 904 acre-feet, or 3 percent of the gross storage capacity at spillway crest. Whittier Narrows flood control basin: Operations were as fol- lows: Road and utility relocations were continued. Construction of the central embankment, the Rosemead ramp and paving and the San Gabriel River approach channel were completed by contract in March 1954; the first phase of the San Jose diversion channel FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1279 and the flood-flow channel were completed in April 1954. Reser- voir clearing by contract was started in February 1954 and com- pleted in June 1954. Construction of the west embankment, out- let works, Rio Hondo approach channel and the final phase of the San Jose diversion channel was initiated by continuing contract in April 1954 and is about 8 percent complete. The costs from regu- lar funds for new work were $3,341,153 for work performed by contract, and $224,215 for hired labor. The total costs were $3,565,368, exclusive of contributed funds. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash: Operations consisted of preparation of operation and maintenance manual. The costs from regular funds were -$2,227 for new work performed by contract and $242 for new work performed by hired labor. The total costs were -$1,985, exclusive of contributed funds. RIO HONDO BASIN Alhambra Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year were maintaining the channel in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds for maintenance were $3,054 for hired labor. One minor storm occurred on February 13, 1954, producing a peak discharge of 2,400 c.f.s., which is approximately 20 percent of channel capacity. Arcadia Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year on the project, which consists of one main flood channel, three trib- utary channels, and three debris basins, Carter, Auburn, and Bailey, were the initiation of the project plan and the plans and specifications. The plans and specifications on Part 1 (Rio Hondo to Huntington Place) are 5 percent complete. Plans and specifica- tions for the three debris basins are 80 percent complete. The costs from regular funds for new work were $174 for work per- formed by contract and $64,140 for work performed by hired labor. The total costs were $64,314. Eaton Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year con- sisted of preparation of the project plan including the plan on Sierra Madre Villa channel, and completion of plans and speci- fications for the Pacific Electric Railway bridge. The project plan and specifications on Part 1 (Rio Hondo to Encinita Ave.) were started and are 18 percent complete. The costs from regu- lar funds for new work were $59,418 for work performed by hired labor. Rio Hondo Channel (Upper) Santa Fe Railway to Whittier Nar- rows flood control basin: Operations during the fiscal year consisted of initiation of the project plan which is 45 percent complete. The costs from regular funds for new work were $616 for work per- formed by contract and $46,572 for hired labor. The total costs were $47,188. Rio Hondo channel (Lower) Whittier Narrows flood control basin to Los Angeles River: Operations performed during the fiscal year were as follows: plans and specifications for Part 3 (Washington Blvd. to the Santa Ana Freeway) were completed. Plans and specifications for Part 4 (Washington Blvd. to Whittier Sig 41-1279-1310 1280 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Narrows reservoir) were initiated and are 95 percent complete. Construction was completed in January 1954 of Part 2 (Southern Pacific Railroad to Santa Ana Freeway). Construction by con- tinuing contract of the channel improvement on Part 3 (Washing- ton Blvd. to Santa Ana Freeway) was initiated in May 1954. The costs from regular funds for new work were $2,235,746 for work performed by contract and $100,729 for hired labor. The total costs were $2,336,505, exclusive of contributed funds. Rubio Canyon diversion: Operations performed during the fiscal year consisted of initiation of work on the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $5,000 for work per- formed by hired labor. Santa Anita Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year were initiation of the project plan and initiating of a contract for instrumental surveys. The costs from regular funds for new work were $23 for work performed by hired labor. Sawpit Wash: Operations performed during the fiscal year on the project which consists of a flood channel and debris basin were the initiation of the project plan and completion of the contract plans and specifications for the debris basin. The costs from reg- ular funds for new work were $44,790 for work performed by hired labor. BALLONA CREEK BASIN Ballona Creek Channel and Jetties. Operations consisted of maintaining the channel and jetties in good operating conditions. The costs from regular funds for maintenance were $4,030 for work performed by hired labor. Two minor and one moderate storm occurred on November 14, 1953, and January 19, and February 13, 1954, producing the fol- lowing peak discharges of 6,700 c.f.s., 6,400 c.f.s., and 18,900 c.f.s. The maximum discharge was approximately 51 percent of channel capacity. Centinela Creek. Operations consisted of initiation of the project plan, which is 30 percent complete. The costs from regular funds were $9,107 for new work performed by hired labor. Sawtelle-Westwood System. Operations consisted of initiation of the project plan, for which plans are 30 percent complete. Con- tract plans and specifications on part 4 (Charnock Road to Na- tional Boulevard) are 20 percent complete. The costs from regu- lar funds for new work were $18,207 for work performed by hired labor. Condition at the end of fiscal year. LOS ANGELES RIVER BASIN Hansen flood control basin. The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consists of reimbursement to local interests for rights-of-way. Sepulveda flood control basin. The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consists of reimbursement to local interests for rights-of-way. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1281 Los Angeles River channel-Owensmouth Avenue to Lanker- shim Boulevard. a. Owensmouth Avenue to Sepulveda flood control basin. The project plan and contract plans and specifications on the reach from Sepulveda Reservoir to Reseda Boulevard were completed and construction by contract has been initiated. Work remaining consists of completing construction of the reach from Sepulveda Reservoir to Reseda Boulevard and completing the contract plans and specifications, and construction, of the reach from Owensmouth Avenue to Reseda Boulevard. b. Sepulveda flood control basin to Tujunga Wash. Construc- tion was completed in 1953. No work remains to be done. c. Tujunga Wash to Lankershim Boulevard. Construction was completed in 1949. No work remains to be done. Los Angeles River channel-Lankershim Boulevard to Stewart and Gray Road. The channel from Lankershim Boulevard to Niagara Street was completed in 1948. Channel improvement and bridge reconstruction from Niagara Street to Dayton Avenue Bridge, except the Burbank-Western side drainage channel were completed in 1939. The inlet structure for Burbank-Western channel was completed in 1940; Dayton Avenue Bridge to Arroyo Seco in 1940; Arroyo Seco to North Broadway in 1942; North Broadway to Aliso Street in 1943; Fourth Street to 23d Street in 1940; 23rd Street to Downey Road in 1940; Downey Road to Atlantic Avenue in 1940; Atlantic Avenue to Randolph Street in 1942; Randolph Street to Stewart and Gray Road in 1942; except reconstruction of Firestone Boulevard Bridge, which was completed in 1949. Channel stabilizers between Stewart and Gray Road and Randolph Street were completed in 1940; and three additional stabilizers were constructed in 1944. Two stabilizers were constructed by hired labor in 1949 between Los Feliz Boule- vard and Verdugo Wash. Work remaining to be done consists of reimbursement to local interests for rights-of-way, completion of repairs to Spring Street, replacing unreinforced invert, North Broadway to Aliso, completion of plans and specifications and con- struction for paving soft-bottom sections, Victory Boulevard to Dayton Avenue, and Soto Street to Stewart and Gray Road. Los Angeles River channel-Stewart and Gray Road to Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric Railway bridge. The project plan and contract plans and specifications have been completed. Con- struction by contract of the reach from Stewart and Gray Road to Imperial Highway was completed in December 1951 and the reach from Imperial Highway to station 570 was completed in November 1951. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from station 570 to station 560 was completed in February 1954. No work remains to be done. Los Angeles River channel-Santa Ana branch, Pacific Electric Railway to Pacific Ocean. Preparation of the project plan is partially complete. Construction on the reach from Pacific Ocean to Seventh Street was completed in February 1954. Contract plans and specifications are partially complete on the reaches from. 20th Street to Carson Street, and the reach from Compton Boulevard to Pacific Electric Railway. Construction has been 1282 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 initiated on the reach from Seventh Street to 20th Street. Work remaining consists of completion of project plan, contract plans and specifications, and construction. Los Angeles River channel-Long Beach Boulevard: Removal of a constriction caused by silt deposit at this point was completed in 1938. No work remains to be done. Haines Canyon: This unit was completed in 1938. Work re- maining consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights- of-way. Sycamore Wash: This unit was completed in 1938. Work re- maining consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights- of-way. Verdugo Wash-Concord Street to Upper Canada Bridge: This unit was completed in 1939. Work remaining consists of reim- bursements to local interests for rights-of-way. Compton Creek channel-Alameda Street to Hooper Avenue storm drain: This unit was completed in 1939. Work remaining consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights-of-way. Compton Creek channel-Hooper Avenue storm drain to Main Street: The unit was completed in 1951. Construction by continu- ing contract of the reach from Hooper Avenue storm drain to Lanzit Avenue was completed in January 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Lanzit Avenue to Main Street was completed in November 1951. No work remains to be done. Lopez flood control basin: The project plan and contract plans and specifications have been completed. Construction by continu- ing contract of the embankment spillway, completion of outlet works and relocation of Maclay Street was initiated in April 1954 and is 18 percent complete. Work remaining consists of comple- tion of construction. Pacoima Wash channel: The project plan and contract plans and specifications have been completed. Construction by continu- ing contracts of the reach from Tujunga Wash to Arleta Avenue was initiated in December 1952, and from Arleta Avenue to Lopez flood control basin, in June 1953. Tujunga Wash channel: This unit was completed in 1951. Con- struction by contract of the reach from Los Angeles River to Mag- nolia Boulevard was completed in February 1950. Construction by continuing contract of the. reach from Magnolia Boulevard to Vanowen Street was completed in January 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Vanowen Street to Beachy Avenue was completed in November 1951. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from Beachy Avenue to Hansen flood control basin was completed in February 1952. No work remains to be done. Burbank-Western System (lower) : This unit was completed in 1949. No work remains to be done. SAN GABRIEL RIVER BASIN Santa Fe flood control basin: This unit was completed in 1948. Work remaining consists of preparation of recreational planning report and maintenance manual, and rights-of-way transactions. San Gabriel River channel-San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control basin: This unit was completed in 1947. Repair work FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1283 to the existing right bank levee to protect against flanking of Santa Fe flood control basin was completed in 1943. No work remains to be done. Whittier Narrows flood control basin: This unit is about 70 per- cent complete. The project plan and contract plans and specifica- tions have been completed. Constru'ction of Workman Mill Road Bridge was completed in October 1952. Construction of Rosemead Boulevard Bridge was completed in December 1952. Construc- tion on the central embankment, Rosemead ramp and paving, and the San Gabriel River approach channel were completed by con- tract in March 1954; the first phase of the San Jose diversion channel and the flood-flow channel were completed in April 1954. Reservoir clearing by contract was completed in June 1954. Con- struction of the west embankment, outlet works, Rio Hondo ap- proach channel and the final phase of the San Jose diversion chan- nel was initiated by continuing contract in April 1954 and is about 8 percent complete. Work remaining consists of completion of the west embankment, outlet works, Rio Hondo approach channel, final phase of the San Jose diversion channel, road and utility re- locations, protection work for oil wells and an oil refinery, opera- tor's quarters and operational buildings and installation of spill- way gates and operating equipment. Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash: This unit is about 14 per- cent completed. The project plan and contract plans and specifica- tions have been completed for the reach from A Street to D Street. Construction by continuing contract of the reach from A Street to D Street was completed in December 1950. Work remaining consists of completing the project plan and contract plans and specifications, and construction of the remainder of the channel. RIO HONDO BASIN Alhambra Wash: This unit was completed in 1939. Work re- maining consists of reimbursements to local interests for rights- of-way. Rio Hondo channel-Santa Fe Railway to Whittier Narrows flood control basin: Work has not been commenced. Work remain- ing consists of preparation of the project plan and contract plans and specifications, and construction. Rio Hondo channel-Whittier Narrows flood control basin to Los Angeles: This unit is about 48 percent complete. Construc- tion by contract of the reach from Union Pacific Railroad to Southern Pacific Railway was completed in December 1951. Con- struction by contract of the reach from Southern Pacific Railway to Santa Ana Freeway was completed in January 1954. Contract plans and specifications have been completed and construction by continuing contract was initiated in May 1954 on the reach from Washington Boulevard to Santa Ana Freeway. Work remaining consists of completion of contract plans and specifications and construction of the reach from Washington Boulevard to Whittier Narrows Reservoir, and completion of construction of the reach from Washington Boulevard to Santa Ana Freeway. Rubio Canyon diversion: Engineering studies in connection with the project plan have been commenced. Work remaining consists 1284 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of preparation of the project plan, contract plans, and specifica- tions and construction. Eaton Wash: Engineering studies in connection with the project plan have been commenced. Work remaining consists of prepara- tion of the project plan, contract plans, and specifications and construction. BALLONA CREEK BASIN Ballona Creek channel and jetties: The channel was completed in 1939 and the jetties at the outlet in 1940. Work remaining con- sists of reimbursements to local interests for rights-of-way. Sawtelle-Westwood system: This unit is about 22 percent com- pleted. Construction by contract of the reach from Ballona Creek to Braddock Drive was completed in November 1949. Construc- tion by contract of the reach from Braddock Drive to Washington Place was completed in January 1951. Construction by contract of the reach from Washington Place to Charnock Road was com- pleted in February 1951. Work remaining consists of preparation of the project plan, contract plans and specifications, and construc- tion of the remainder of the project, upstream from Charnock Road. PROJECT COSTS The total costs to June 30, 1954, for new work and maintenance for the existing project are: I_ Units Regular Emergency Total Contributed Total Relief United States funds funds all funds - - 1 ' -- -- -1 - ! 1- $70,000,000 project 0 0 Alhambra, Wash_--- $506,615.04 $580,437.19 $1,087,052.23 $4,684.14 0 $1,091,736.37 Ballona Creek Channel and Jetties-............... 1,235,474.25 509,118.38 1,744,592.63 72,201.49 1,816,794.12 O Compton Creek, Alameda St. to Hooper Ave. Storm Drain ------- 1,597,854.03 745,848.82 2,343,702.85 25,408.90 2,369,111.75 Haines Canyon _ --- - 1 290,330.43 233,953.57 524,284.00 0 524,284.00 O Hansen flood control basin_- - 11,359,680.05 11,359,680.05 11,359,680.05 Los Angeles River channel: Lankershim Blvd. to Stewart and Gray Rd .--- 0 32,299,680.18 7,638,038.67 39,937,718.85 -1,302.04 39,936,416.81 Long Beach Blvd-------------- - - 13,678.41 20,565.98 34,244.39 34,244.39 Plant_ ----------------------------- 217,754.88 217,754.88 217,754.88 San Gabriel River Channel: r San Gabriel Canyon to Santa Fe flood control basin 1,900,626.68 44,686.32 1,945,313.00 1,945,313.00 Santa Fe flood control basin to Walnut Creek---- H 32,263.51 32,263.51 32,263.51 Santa Fe flood control basin__- -- ---- - --- 12,637,097.44 12,637,097.44 12,637,097.44 Sepulveda flood control basin-- ----------- - - 6,651,517.63 6,651,517.63 6,651,517.63 Surveys and engineering_-------- - 353,893.14 24,000.00 377,893.14 377,893.14 Sycamore, Wash_-------------------------------- 8,835.10 14,710.43 23,545.53 23,545.43 Verdugo, Wash., Concord St. to Upper Canada Bridge-_ 367,804.52 362,557.41 730,361.93 155,120.89 885,482.82 Subtotal-New work - 69,255,350.41 10,391,671.65 79,647,022.06 256,113.38 79,903,135.44 Subtotal-Maintenance_. - - -- - -- 1,756,169.81 1,756,169.81 1,756,169.81 Subtotal-All work_-------------------_ 71,011,520.22 10,391,671.65 81,403,191.87 256,113.38 81,659,305.25 Regular Emergency Total Contributed Total Units Relief United States funds funds all funds Projects outside $70,000,000 project Arcadia, Wash---_-----_ - -- - $64,314.00 $64,314.00 $64,314.00 Burbank-Western system _______________________ 1,421,864.17 1,421,864.17 1,421,864.17 0 Centinela Creek_- 9,107.05 9,107.05 9,107.05 -- -- - -- - Compton Creek, Hooper Ave. storm drain to Main St__ 1,202,964.64 1,202,964.64 362,937.46 1,565,902.10 o Eaton, Wash ------------------------------------ 62,862.52 62,862.52 62,862.52 Emerald, Wash. and Live Oak, Wash---------------- 395,020.44 395,020,44 50,209.86 445,230.30 Q Lopez flood control basin__- -________-__-__-- ____ O 304,425.60 304,425.60 304,425.60 Los Angeles River Channel: Owensmouth Ave. to Lankershim Blvd---------- 9,918,676.56 9,918,676.56 1,180,739.22 11,099,415.78 Pacific Electric Ry. bridge to Pacific Ocean---... 2,699,212.95 2,699,212.95 2,699,212.95 Stewart and Gray Road to Pacific Electric Ry. M z bridge- -- -------- 5,868,677.95 5,868,677.95 6,181,484.01 Pacoima, Wash. channel---------------------- 3,179,169.94 3,179,169.94 4,082,047.00 Rio Hondo Channel: Whittier Narrows to Los Angeles River -.... 4,316,396.57 4,316,396.57 4,797,163.67 Rubio Canyon Diversion__ 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00 Santa Anita ......... 22.96 22.96 22.96 San Gabriel River channel: Walnut Creek to Pacific Ocean- ----------------------- - 6,108.51 6,108.51 6,108.51 C2 Sawpit, Wash--------- 44,789.89 -- 44,789.89 44,789.89 oo Sawtelle-Westwood system ___-__ _______________ 2,176,273.72 2,176,273.72 102,432.04 2,278,705.76 Tujunga, Wash. channel- 7,358,991.61 _ 7,358,991.61 2,286,305.13 9,645,296.74 co Whittier Narrows flood control basin _ 22,840,410.83 22,840,410.83 8,634.98 22,849,045.81 Subtotal---New work -- - 61,874,289.91 ..--------------61,874,289.91 5,687,708.91 67,561,998.82 '-'~----- Grand total_ -------------- 132,885,810.13 10,391,671.65 - 1.43,277,481.78 5,943,822.29 149,221,304.07 -- ~----~- ~~~. Subtotal--New work_ Grand total FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1287 Cost and financialsummary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-_- _ $11,893,755 $14,610,325 $10, 826,585 $13,092,212 $12, 235,170 $176,049,977 Cost --------------- 8,561,983 14,045,681 15,271, 184 8,401, 854 13, 081,150 1168, 406, 613 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 140,000 107,725 154,950 121,548 129,000 1, 775, 751 Cost-----....... -- 169,791 97,959 138,119 130,056 127,516 1,756,170 SIncludes $141,227 plant cost adjustment. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--_------- $3,033,857 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ 12,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- ---------------------------- 15,033,857 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project-------- ------------------ --- 278,361,311 11. SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN AND ORANGE COUNTY, CALIF. Location. These works are on the Santa Ana River and tribu- taries and other streams in Orange, Riverside, and San Bernar- dino Counties. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, authorized the construction of reservoirs and related flood control works for the protection of the metropolitan area of Orange County, at an estimated construction cost not to exceed $13,000,000. The Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, modified the project to provide for the control of floods on San Antonio and Chino Creeks, in accordance with plans approved by the Chief of Engineers, and authorized $6,500,000, for initiation and partial accomplishment of the plans for those creeks. (See H. Doc. 688, 75th Congress, 3d sess.) The Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, authorized the amount of $2,500,000, in addition to previous authorizations, for the prosecution of the projects approved in the above-mentioned flood control acts, for flood control in the Santa Ana River Basin, and for the protec- tion of Orange County, Calif. The Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, authorized the amount of $10,000,000 in ad- dition to previous authorizations for the prosecution of the proj- ects adopted in the above-mentioned flood control acts, includ- ing the projects on Lytle and Cajon Creeks for local flood protec- tion at San Bernardino and Colton, Calif., in accordance with the recommendations contained in the report of the Chief of Engi- neers dated February 11, 1944. (See H. Doc. 534, 78th Cong., 2d sess.) The individual parts considered in the general plan for this project and their estimated Federal costs (1954) are as follows: 1288 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Estimated cost Project Relocations, Construction lands, ease- Total ments, and rights-of-way Lytle and Cajon Creeks channel improvements 2.---... $6, 834, 358 $779, 000 $7, 613, 358 San Antonio Dam 1.-..-- -- 5, 044, 700 2, 295, 300 7, 340, 000 San Antonio and Chino Creeks channel 1._'_--- ..--.. 8, 517, 500 2, 982, 500 11.600, 000 Prado Dam 2- _ _...... 6, 051, 944 3, 511, 456 9, 563, 400 Carbon Canyon dam and channel-_-. ..... ......... 4, 082, 000 1, 648, 000 5, 730,000 Fullerton Dam 1. 373, 146 37, 954 411,100 Brea Dam 12- 968, 800 221, 200 1, 190, 000 Villa Park Dam--_, 2, 076, 000 100, 000 2, 176, 000 Aliso Creek Dam 311, 000 ...----------------------------------- 15, 000 326, 000 T rabuco D am- . . . . . . . . ...... . 2, 073, 000 30, 000 2, 103, 000 San Juan Dam......------------------------------------ 5, 526, 000 200, 000 5, 726, 000 1 For details of this project, see individual report. 2 Completed. Local cooperation. See individual reports for requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. All work during the fiscal year is applicable to and described under the individual project items. Condition at end of fiscal year. The progress of projects se- lected for construction under this authorization is given in indi- vidual reports. The total cost and expenditures for new work not transferred to individual project items were $85,310.42 from regular funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work; Appropriated - - -- -- - - $85, 310 .......... Cost------------- ---------------------------- --......------------ ------------ 85,310 12. SAN ANTONIO DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, AND ORANGE COUNTY, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is on San Antonio Creek, in San Bernardino and Los Angeles Counties, Calif., ap- proximately 7.5 miles north of Pomona, Calif. Existing project. This unit is a part of the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in Orange County. The plan provides for an earth-fill dam with a crest elevation of 2,260 feet, height above stream bed 160 feet, and length of crest 3,850 feet, with a reservoir capacity of 9,110 acre-feet at spillway crest, at the mouth of San Antonio Canyon. The latest (1954) approved estimate cost is $5,044,700 for construction and $2,295,300 for lands and damages and relocations, a total of $7,340,000 for new work. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost for mainte- nance is $20,600. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See H. Doc. 688, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1289 Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of completion of contract plans and specifications, continuation of utility relocations and completion of land acquisitions. Con- struction of the dam embankment, spillway and second (and final) stage of the outlet works by continuing contract was initiated in March 1954. The costs from regular funds for new work were $1,757,764 for work performed by contract and $100,540 for hired labor. The total costs were $1,858,304. Condition at end of fiscal year. This project is about 47 per- cent completed. The project plan and contract plans and speci- fications have been completed. Construction by contract of unit No. 1 of the outlet works was completed in February 1953. Work remaining consists of completion of utility and highway reloca- tions and completion of construction of outlet works, dam em- bankment, and spillway. The total costs from regular funds to June 30, 1954, were $3,467,598 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated-.. $525, 000 $1, 000, 000 $995, 000 $1,700, 000 $4, 500, 000 Cost -------------- ....... $3, 075 63, 702 550,509 776,583 1,858,304 3, 467,598 1In addition $8,500 for new work was performed with contributed funds. Includes $5,000 working funds. This work is in addition to existing project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_----------- $515,759 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ 2,300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -------------------------------------- 2,815,759 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_ - 540,000 13. SAN ANTONIO AND CHINO CREEKS CHANNEL SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, AND ORANGE COUNTY, CALIF. Location. The site of improvement is in San Bernardino and Los Angeles Counties, Calif., about 30 miles east of the city of Los Angeles. The channel, with its source in the San Gabriel Mountains would extend from San Antonio Dam about 15 miles to the existing Prado reservoir on Santa Ana River. Existing project. This unit is a part of the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for a concrete-lined, rectangular sec- tion about 7.1 miles in length and ranging in width from 20 to 30 feet along San Antonio Creek, and a trapezoidal section about 7.9 miles in length and ranging in width from 140 to 160 feet with grouted stone-faced side slopes along Chino Creek below the junction of Chino and San Antonio Creeks, 29 highway bridges, 4 railroad bridges, and one combination highway and railroad bridge. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost of construc- tion is $8,517,500 and $2,982,500 for lands and damages, and re- 1290 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 locations, a total of $11,500,000. The improvement was authorized by Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. (See H. Doc. 688, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of preparation of the project plan. The costs from regular funds for new work were $76,184 by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project plan is nearly com- pleted. Work remaining consists of completing the project plan, contract plans and specifications and construction. The total costs from regular funds for new work to June 30, 1954 were $141,184. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------------------..------------ $65,000 $85,000 $150, 000 Cost...--- ------------ -------------------- - 65,000 76,184 141,184 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 $8, 500 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - -. - 80,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------------------------------------- 88,500 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project _ --------------------------- _ _ 11,270,000 14. PRADO DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, AND ORANGE COUNTY, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is in Riverside County, on the Santa Ana River, approximately 30 miles above the mouth. Existing project. This plan of improvement is a unit of the general plan for protection of the metropolitan area in Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam, 2,280 feet long, maximum height 106 feet above streambed with a total basin capacity of 223,000 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the basin regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 2,264 square miles, reducing the flow of the design flood from 193,000 to 9,200 cubic feet per second. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimated cost is $9,597,377. The improvement was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of rights-of-way transactions, preparation of a recreational plan- ning report, and maintaining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $25 for new work and $24,- 587 for maintenance, a total cost of $24,612 for work performed by hired labor. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1291 Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consists of preparation of recreational planning report. The costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Costs Funds New work Maintenance Total Regular funds......----------------------------------- $9, 473, 272 $420, 842 $9, 894, 114 Contributed funds---------------------------------- 124, 105 ---------------- 124, 105 Total_ . . ..-------------------------------------- 9, 597, 377 420, 842 10, 018, 219 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 1 New work: Appropriated -------........--.... ------------ $137,612 ----------------------- $9, 473 272 Cost---------------- $13,103 $12,223 1,530 $1,348 25 9,473,272 Maintenance: Appropriated-....... 30,000 33,255 23,600 28,400 25,000 421,255 Cost. ------------- 31,016 31,392 23,526 3,0337 24, 587 420,842 1 In addition $124,105 for new work was performed with contributed funds. 15. FULLERTON DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, AND ORANGE COUNTY, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is in Orange County, 2 miles northeast of the city of Fullerton, on East Fullerton Creek, approximately 4 miles above its junction with Brea Creek. Existing project. This is a unit of the general plan for pro- tection of the metropolitan area in Orange County. The plan of improvement provides for a rolled earthfill dam 575 feet long, maximum height 47 feet above streambed with basin capacity of 775 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the basin regu- lates the runoff from a tributary area of 5.05 square miles, reduc- ing the flow of a design flood from 4,600 to 240 cubic feet per second. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost is $373,146 for construction and $37,954 for acquisition of lands and reloca- tion of highways. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operating condition. The costs from regular funds were $8,752 for maintenance performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in 1941. Work remaining consists of preparation of the recreational plan- ning report. The total costs to June 30, 1954, were $411,076 for new work, and $144,249 for maintenance, a total cost of $555,325. 1292 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .-------------------------------- --$1,380 __--- --- $411,076 Cost------------- ------------ --------------------- 411,076 Maintenance: Appropriated_ 9, 500 $-------- $8, 755 $10, 300 11,416 $7, 750 145, 221 Cost----------------- 9,484 6, 819 9, 784 11,910 8,752 144,249 16. BREA DAM, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, AND ORANGE COUNTY, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is in Orange County, 1.5 miles north of Fullerton on Brea Creek, approximately 8 miles above its junction with Coyote Creek. Existing project. This is a unit of the general plan for protec- tion of the metropolitan area in Orange County. The plan of im- provement provides for a rolled earthfill dam approximately 1,765 feet long, maximum height 87 feet above streambed, with basin capacity of 4,100 acre-feet at spillway crest. The operation of the basin regulates the runoff from a tributary area of 23.4 square miles, reducing the flow of a design flood from 8,300 to 1,330 cubic feet per second. The latest (1954) approved estimated cost is $968,800 for construction and $221,200 for acquisition of lands. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 22, 1936. Local cooperation. None required. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operations consisted of maintaining the dam in good operation condition. The costs from regular funds were $15,149 for maintenance performed by hired labor. Condition at end of fiscal year. The dam was completed in 1942. Work remaining consists of preparation of the recreational plan- ning report. The total costs from regular funds to June 30, 1954, were $1,189,068 for new work and $202,875 for maintenance, a total cost of $1,391,943. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--_-------------- Cost----------------- $32 ---------------- ---- $96 -.......... , -$844---------- .. 844--- - . $1,189,068 1, 189,068 Maintenance: Appropriated . .--.. 17, 500 11,265 $19, 250 13,336 14,250 203,101 Cost ------------ 17,500 11,265 17,015 14,446 15, 149 202, 875 FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1293 17. CARBON CANYON DAM AND CHANNEL, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, AND ORANGE COUNTY, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is in Orange County, on Carbon Creek near the mouth of Carbon Creek Canyon, and about 4 miles east of Brea, California. Existing project. This unit is a part of the general plan for protection of the metropolitan areas in Orange County. The tentative plan of improvement provides for a rolled earth- fill dam, 1,600 feet long, maximum height 90 feet above streambed, with basin capacity of 7,000 acre-feet. The operation of the basin will regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 20 square miles. The plan includes construction below the dam of a reinforced concrete channel approximately 3,500 feet long with a capacity of about 4,000 cubic feet per second. The current (1954) approved estimated cost of the dam and channel is $4,082,000 for construc- tion and $1,648,000 for relocations, lands, easements and rights- of-way. Operations and results during fiscal year. No operations were performed during the fiscal year. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project plan is completed partially. Work remaining consists of completion of the project plan, preparation of contract plans and specifications, and con- struction of the project. The total costs from regular funds for new work to June 30, 1954, were $156,128. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- 1 ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: .. _. Appropriated __ -------. . $25,000 -$8,387 _ $156,128 Cost....---------------- $26,220 .15,584 1,029 .156,128 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project--------_ _ $5,573,872 18. SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. These works are on the Santa Ana River and tribu- taries and other streams in Riverside and San Bernardino Counties. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, authorized the plan of improvement for flood control in Santa Ana River Basin, substantially in accordance with the recommen- dations contained in the report of the Chief of Engineers, dated September 27, 1948. (See H. Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) 1294 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The individual units considered in the general plan for this proj- ect and their estimated Federal costs (1954) are as follows: Estimated cost Project Relocations, Construction lands, ease- Total ments, and rights-of-way Mill Creek levees.....--------------------------------- $1,590, 000 ---------------- $1, 590, 000 Devil, East Twin and Warm Creeks, improvements 14, 780,000 $420, 000 15,200,000 and Lytle Creek levee. Riverside levees- ........... ................. .-- 3, 040, 000 ---------------- 3, 040, 000 San Jacinto River and Bautista Creek levees 5, 280,000 ---------- 5, 280, 000 Totals .. .. . .. . . ...... _ ... . 24, 740, 000 420, 000 25,110, 000 Local cooperation. See individual reports for requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. No funds have been appropriated. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work accomplished to date. 19. DEVIL, EAST TWIN, AND WARM CREEKS IMPROVEMENTS AND LYTLE CREEK LEVEE, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvements is in San Bernardino County, Calif. The Devil Creek diversion and Lytle Creek levee are north and northwest of San Bernardino; the Waterman and East Twin Creeks levee revetments are northeast of San Bernar- dino; and the East Twin and Warm Creeks concrete channel is along the outskirts and just easterly of San Bernardino. Existing project. This plan of improvement provides for an intersecting levee, 1.19 miles long, across Devil Creek (below the mouth of Devil Creek Canyon and just north of San Bernardino) and a concrete diversion channel, 1.90 miles long, extending from the levee to Cajon Creek; a levee, 1.16 miles long, on the right side of Lytle Creek opposite the mouth of Cajon Creek; revetment of 3.59 miles of levees, constructed or to be constructed by local interests along Waterman and East Twin Creeks; and construction of one continuous concrete channel, total length 4.15 miles, along (lower) East Twin Creek and (lower) Warm Creek. The latest (1954) approved estimated Federal cost is $15,200,000. The im- provement was authorized by the Flood Control Act, approved May 17, 1950. (See House Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to pay $200,000 of the construction cost in (zone 5) Devil, East Twin, and Warm Creeks improvements, furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the improvements and bear the cost of all highway and highway bridge construction and alteration, and utility relocation; adjust all claims concerning water rights and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages due to the construction works; prevent any future encroachments on the project channels; perform any work made necessary by the effect of flood control on stream regimen; and maintain and operate the improvement works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the FLOOD CONTROL--LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1295; Secretary of the Army. Local interests have not been notified of requirements. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done as funds have not been appropriated. 20. RIVERSIDE LEVEES, SANTA ANA RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, on Santa Ana River, immediately west of Riverside, Calif. Existing project. This plan of improvement provides for con- struction of two stone faced levees, total length 4.59 miles, along Santa Ana River near Riverside, Calif., one on the left (east) side of the river for protection of the northwest part of Riverside, Calif., and the other on the right (west) side for the protection of most of Rubidoux, Calif. The latest (1954) approved estimated Federal cost is $3,040,000. The improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 135, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the improvements and bear the cost of all highway and highway bridge construction and alteration, and utility relocation; adjust all claims concerning water rights and hold and save the United States free from all claims for damages due to the construction works; prevent any future encroachments on the project channels; perform any work made necessary by the effect of flood control on stream regimen; and maintain and operate the improvement works after completion in accordance with regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have not been notified of requirements. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done as funds: have not been appropriated. 21. SAN DIEGO RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The site of the improvement is on the San Diego River at San Diego, Calif. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a suitable levee as a replacement of the existing Government dike across the old channel of the river, at the city of San Diego, making use of the dike to the extent found practicable at the time of construction, the levee would extend easterly from Presidio Hill in Old Town, a distance of 6700 feet to a low hill with a connecting cutoff levee extending southwest 1,000 feet to high ground near Ingraham Street. The project would afford added protection from floodwaters of San Diego River to facilities and activities which are concentrated in the area between the Government dike and San Diego Bay. The latest (1949) approved estimated cost is $350,000 for con- struction and $20,000 for lands and damages. This improvement was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- 126i REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 proved December 22, 1944. (.See H. Doec. 635, 77th Cong., 2d sess.) The River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, authorized a modification of this project. See navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." Local cooperation. Local cooperation shown in navigation proj- ect entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif.," applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. See navigation proj- ect entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." Condition at end of fiscal year. See navigation project entitled "San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif." 22. PAINTED ROCK RESERVOIR, GILA RIVER BASIN, ARIZ. Location. The site of the improvement is on Gila River, mile 126, about 20 miles below Gila Bend, Ariz. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control. The dam would be a rolled-fill earth structure with a maximum height of 174 feet above streambed, a crest length of 4,390 feet, and a detached broad-crested spillway with a crest length of 1,050 feet. The reservoir at spillway crest would have a gross capacity of 2,480,000 acre-feet including 200,000 acre-feet for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would reduce the standard project flood of 320,000 cubic feet per second to a maximum outflow of 22,500 cubic feet per second. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost is $25,302,000 for construc- tion, $9,698,000 for relocations, lands, easements, and rights-of- way; $40,000 annually for maintenance and operation. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 331, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water rights claims that might result from the improvement and to keep the flood channel of Gila River downstream from the Painted Rock site free from encroachment. Operations and results during fiscal year. Permeability tests were completed. The costs from regular funds for new work were $14,723 for work performed by contract and $49,130 by hired labor. The total costs were $63,853. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction undertaken. Work remaining consists of preparation of project plan, contract plans and specifications and construction. The total costs from regular funds to June 30, 1954, were $212,474. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.. ------------------------------------ $164, 000 $65, 000 $229, 000 Cost__--...............I__ - - _______------- -- _- 148,621 63,853 212,474 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954____------_ $139 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----_ 100,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending : June 30, 1955, ----------------. --- 100,139 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project..--.-- .. --.-.--------- --.. - 34,671,000 FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1297 23. MATHEWS CANYON RESERVOIR, COLORADO RIVER BASIN, NEV. Location. The site of the improvement is about 20 miles east- ward from Caliente, Nev., in Mathews Canyon, a tributary of Clover Creek, and about 2 miles above the mouth of Mathews Canyon. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control. The dam would be an earthfill structure with a maximum height of 68 feet above streambed, and a crest length of 717 feet. A 60-foot spillway, crest elevation 5,461, would be constructed in a saddle to the left of the left abutment. The reservoir would have a total capacity at spillway crest of 6,260 acre-feet, including 1,000 acre-feet for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would regulate the runoff from a tributary area of 34 square miles, reducing the standard project flood from 8,500 cubic feet per second to 221 cubic feet per second. The latest (1954) ap- proved estimated cost is $755,000. This improvement was author- ized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 530, 81st Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water rights claims resulting from operation of the improvements and to keep the flood channels below the flood control reservoir free from man-made encroachments. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction undertaken. Work remaining consists of preparation of the project plan, con- tract plans and specifications, and construction. 24. PINE CANYON RESERVOIR, COLORADO RIVER BASIN, NEV. Location. The site of the improvement is about 17 miles east- ward from Caliente, Nev., in Pine Canyon, a tributary to Clover Creek, and about 3 miles above the mouth of Pine Canyon. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a dam and reservoir for flood control. The dam would be an earth-fill structure with a maximum height of 97 feet above stream bed, and a crest length of 2,003 feet. A 90-foot spillway, crest elevation 5,675 would be constructed along the left wall of the canyon. The reservoir would have a total capacity at spillway crest of 7,840 acre-feet, including 1,400 acre-feet reserved for sediment. The operation of the reservoir would regulate the runoff from a tribu- tary area of 45 square miles, reducing the standard project flood from 10,500 cubic feet per second to 318 cubic feet per second. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost is $1,600,000. The im- provement was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc., 81st Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to adjust all water rights claims resulting from operation of the improvements and to keep the flood channels below the flood control reservoir free from manmade encroachments. Operations and results during fiscal year. No operations were performed. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction undertaken. 1298 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Work remaining consists of preparation of the project plan, con- tract plans and specifications, and construction. 25. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures For last to June 30, 1954 Estimated Name of project full report, amount see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance Alamo Reservoir, Bill Williams River, Colorado River Basin, Ariz--------------------------__ 1950 $213,212 ------------ 2 $8,546,800 Aliso Creek Dam, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif_ _- _- ..--------------------------- 340,000 Holbrook levee, Little Colorado River, Colorado River Basin, Ar es,-S----- a---v1950 335,000 -------------- () Lytle and Cajon Creeks, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif ------------------------------------ 1950 7,613,358 -------------- (1) Mill Creek levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif_" 1951 -_--------------------- 1,590,000 San Jacinto River and Bautista Creek levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif.----------------- 1951 ---------------------------- 5,280, 000 San Juan Dam, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif.... 1950 67,361 -------------- 5,v892,000 Santa Clara River and its tributaries, channel improvements, Santa Clara River Basin, Calif_ 1950 --------------------------- 6,750,000 Stewart Canyon debris basin and channel, Ven- tura River Basin, Calif----------- - ---. 1950 38, 242 2 1,328, 600 Trabuco Dam, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif...........----------- ----------------------------- 2,190,000 --..... Tucson diversion channel-....-.......-- .1953 72, 200 -------------- 27, 800 Villa Park Dam, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif._ _ __ - . ------------ -------------- 2,270,000 Ventura River levee, Ventura River Basin, Calif. 1950 1, 343, 638...----- -(1) Whitlow Wanch Reservoir, Queen Creek, Ariz... 1950 . 4, 550, 000 I Completed. 2 Inactive, due to lack of funds. 3 Inactive, awaiting appropriation of funds. 26. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The costs during the fiscal year for flood control studies were as follows: -------... Gila River and Tributaries, Ariz. and New Mexico_.... - -.....---.---. $1,015 Mojave River, Calif .......--------------------------------------- 17,579 736 San Dieguito River, Calif ....-------------------------------------.................. The balance unexpended at the end of the fiscal year amounting to $29 plus accounts receivable $0, a total of $29 will be applied during fiscal year 1955 as follows: Mojave River, Calif ................................................................- $29 The additional sum of $118,600 can be expended profitably dur- ing fiscal year 1956. Collection and study of basic data. The costs during the fiscal year for collection and study of basic data were $3,818. The bal- ance unexpended at the end of fiscal year amounting to $182 plus accounts receivable of $0, a total of $182 will be applied as needed during the fiscal year 1955. FLOOD CONTROL-LOS ANGELES, CALIF., DISTRICT 1299 27. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS The costs during the fiscal year were $13 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated----.......----..------------........ $300 ------------.... $300 $300 $900 Cost................-------------------------------------- $208 25 13 246 28. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood control emergencies-Repair and flood fighting rescue work. '(Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated....---------------- ------------ 000 $38, -$3, 908 -$185 $64, 907 Cost...------------------------------------25,020 8,225 .64,245 29. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL RESERVOIR OPERATIONS Section 7 of Flood Control Act of 1944 reads as follows: "Here- after, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of War to prescribe regulations for the use of storage allocated for the flood control or navigation at all reservoirs constructed wholly or in part with Federal funds provided on the basis of such purposes, and the operation of any such project shall be in accordance with such regulations: ***" In accordance with the above authority, preparation of schedule of flood control operations manual for Hoover Dam was carried on during the fiscal year at a cost of $860. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated--.... ----------------------------------------------- $1,000 $1,000 Cost---------- ------------------------------------------------ 860 860 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT This district comprises parts of southern Oregon and northern and western California embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Pacific Ocean from the Oregon-California State line on the north to Cape San Martin, Calif. (about 150 miles south of the en- trance to San Francisco Bay), on the south, except the waters of Suisun Bay and the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tributaries. It also includes the Hawaiian, Line, Gilbert, Marshall, Midway, Wake, and Johnston Islands, and such islands in the South Pacific Ocean lying between the 159th meridian of east longitude and 108th meridian of west longitude as may be under the jurisdic- tion of the United States. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Crescent City Harbor, Calif...... 1301 17. Nawiliwili Harbor, T. H.. 1329 2. Humboldt Harbor and Bay, 18. Port Allen Harbor, T. H... 1331 Calif ................. . . 1303 19. Keehi Lagoon T. H........... 1332 3. Noyo River and Harbor, Calif.. 1305 20. Honolulu Harbor, T. H..... 1334 4. Bodega Bay, Calif ................ 1307 21. Kaunakakai Harbor, T. H.... 1336 5. San Francisco Harbor, Calif.... 1308 22. Kahului Harbor, T. H_._........ 1337 6. San Francisco Harbor and Bay, 23. Kawaihae Harbor, T. H......... 1338 Calif. (collection and re- 24. Hilo Harbor, T. H...................... 1340 moval of drift) ..................... 1311 25. Inactive Navigation projects ... 1341 7. San Rafael Creek, Calif ............ 1311 8. Petaluma Creek Calif............ 1312 Flood Control ......... 9. Napa River, Caiif............ 1314 26. Russian River, Calif......... 1341 10. San Pablo Bay and Mare 27. Hanapepe River, T. H.............. 1343 Island Strait Calif....... 1315 28. Kawainui Swamp, T. H........... 1344 11. Richmond Harbor Calif.......... 1317 29. Inactive flood control projects.. 1345 12. Oakland Harbor, (alif..... 1321 30. General investigations-...... 1345 13. Redwood City Harbor, Calif.... 1323 31. Inspection of completed flood 14. Halfmoon Bay, Calif.................. 1325 control projects.... ................ 1346 15. Moss Landing Harbor, Calif..... 1326 32. Flood control work under special 16. Monterey Harbor, Calif .......... 1328 authorization_.....______...._.. 1346 1. CRESCENT CITY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is 17 miles south of the Oregon State line, 125 miles south of Coos Bay, Oreg., 70 miles north of Hum- boldt Bay, Calif., and midway between San Francisco Bay and the mouth of the Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey Chart No. 5895.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound break- water extending for approximately 3,700 feet on a bearing of S. 270 E. from Battery Point, thence for approximately 1,000 feet on a bearing of S. 80 ° E.; a rubble-mound sand barrier from Whaler Island to the easterly shore, an inner breakwater extending north- westerly from Whaler Island, to form a protected inner harbor, for maintaining, by dredging, a basin 1,800 feet long and 1,400 feet wide to a depth of 20 feet at mean lower low water, except in rock, for the removal of pinnacle rocks in the inner harbor, and for main- 1301 1302 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tenance dredging of the inner harbor basin in the vicinity of the seaward end of the sand barrier. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.9 feet; the extreme range of tide is about 12.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $6,792,000, exclusive of $217,116 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $151,500, exclusive of the cost of maintenance of the inner harbor. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 18,1918 Breakwater__---.--- ------------- H. Doc. 434, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22,1922 Conditions of local cooperation modified--.....-- _ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Extending the breakwater to length of 3,000 feet_ ... H. Doc. 595, 69th Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Dredging the harbor basin, 1,800 feet long, 1,400 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee wide, and 20 feet deep. Doc. 40, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26,1937 For the sand barrier and maintenance dredging in Senate Commerce Committee the vicinity of the seaward end thereof. print, 75th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 Extending the breakwater to Round Rock (modified H. Doc. 688, 76th Cong., 3d sess. by the Chief of Engineers). (Contains latest published map.) Do....... Inner breakwater and removal of rock in inner harbor. Report on file in Office, Chief of Engineers. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for work performed to date. The act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests grant to the United States, free of cost, necessary easements and rights-of- way and a suitable quarry or source of supply of royalty free rock for extension of the breakwater. The required permits and assur- ances of cooperation were provided by the Board of Supervisors of Del Norte County, State of California, in Resolution No. 475 dated May 4, 1953. Terminal facilities. There are 4 piers in the harbor, 1 of which is designated for public use; 1 boat fueling station; and a private mooring for barges discharging petroleum products to a pipeline located on the inner breakwater. One of the private piers was severely damaged by winter storms and cannot be utilized until repaired. The facilities will be adequate for existing commerce upon completion of the repairs. Operations and results during fiscal year. The repair and strengthening of the outer breakwater was initiated by contract at a cost of $716,095, including the placement of 99,518 tons of stone, 121 salvage stones, and 288 cubic yards of concrete. Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $2,204. The total maintenance cost dur- ing the fiscal year was $718,299. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 73 percent complete. The work remaining to be accomplished is the completion of the outer breakwater extension. The 3,000-foot outer breakwater was completed in 1930, the sand barrier in 1939, the inner breakwater in 1946, and the removal of pinnacle rock in 1951. The controlling depths in June 1954 were as follows: Main harbor basin, 12 feet at the A. C. Dutton Co. wharf, 6 feet at the RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1303 J. C. Paul wharf, and 15 feet in the outer half of the basin; inner harbor, 12 feet, except in the extreme northeast and southeast corners, which were 9.5 feet. The total costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds .......................................------------------------------------ $3, 971, 085 $1, 498, 572 $5, 469, 657 Contributed funds ................---------------------..-------------- 217, 116 27, 884 245, 000 Total...........................-------------------------------------- 4, 188, 201 1, 526, 456 5, 714, 657 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated .-.. -. $524, 350 $900, 000 $4, 000 I--$--------------------- $3, 971, 085 Cost --------------- 800,531 1,253,138 8,623 $152 ------------ '3,971,085 Maintenance: Appropriated ........ 293, 000 40,182 28,600 909, 725 $3,700 1, 691, 572 Cost----------- ---- 109,151 240, 223 73,349 57,820 718,299 1, 498,572 1 Exclusive of contributed funds of $217,116 for new work and $27,884 for maintenance. 3 Exclusive of $2,138 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 500,000 $-------- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project----_ ---------------------------------- 2,318,777 2. HUMBOLDT HARBOR AND BAY, CALIF. Location. Humboldt Bay is a landlocked harbor on the coast of California, 225 miles north of San Francisco Bay and 70 miles south of Crescent City Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5832.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1881, September 19, 1890, July 3, 1892, March 3, 1899, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see pages 1982-1984 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1673 of Annual Report for 1929, and page 1689 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for two rubble-mound jetties at the entrance-the north jetty about 4,500 feet in length and the south jetty 5,100 feet long, not including shore revetments; for a bar and entrance channel 40 feet deep tapered from a width of 1,600 feet at seaward mile 0.91 to 500 feet at seaward mile 0.18, thence 500 feet wide to mile 0.75, with easing of the bend at mile 0.75; for a North Bay Channel 30 feet deep and 400 feet wide from mile 0.75 tc mile 4.29; a channel 400 feet wide and 30 feet deep from mile 4.29 to mile 5.00, thence 26 feet deep to the foot of N Street, Eureka; a channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from mile 4.29 across Indian Island Shoal to Samoa, at mile 5.84; a channel 18 feet deep and 150 feet wide to Arcata wharf; and a channel 26 feet deep and 300 feet wide to Fields Landing, with a turning basin 600 1304 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 feet wide and 800 feet long off the Fields Landing wharf. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.4 feet at the south jetty and 6.7 feet at Eureka. The extreme range is 12.5 feet at the south jetty and 12 feet at Eureka. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $3,294,000, exclusive of $95,000 contributed by local interests and of the amounts ex- pended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $259,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 Rebuilding the jetties-..... __...-------------------.. H. Doc. 950, 60th Cong., 1st sess. July 3,1930 For depth of 20 feet and widths of 250 and 300 feet in H. Doc. 755, 69th Cong., 2d sess. the bay channels and for the channel to Arcata wharf. Aug. 30, 1935 For the entrance channel, 500 feet wide, 30 feet deep. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 14, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 For widths of 400 feet in Eureka channel and 300 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee in Samoa and Fields Landing channels, and for Doc. 11, 75th Cong., 1st sess. construction of Fields Landing turning basin, 600 feet wide and 800 feet long, all to a depth of 26 feet. July 16, 19521 For deepening to 40 feet and widening bar and en- H. Doc. 143, 82d Cong., 1st sess. trance channel; deepening Eureka and Samoa (Contains latest published map.) channels to 30 feet; and for construction of North Bay channel, 400 feet wide, 30 feet deep. Public Law 549, 82d Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. The acts of August 26, 1937, and July 16, 1952, require that local ihter- ests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil disposal areas required for main- tenance dredging. Terminal facilities. There are 28 wharves and piers, 2 of which are publicly owned, 4 oil terminals, 4 boatbuilding and repair plants, 1 boat icing plant, 7 small boat fueling stations, and numerous log booms and small landings, exclusive of facilities owned by the United States. These facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work dredging was initiated by the U. S. hopper dredges Biddle and Davison which removed 1,049,574 cubic yards of material from the Bar and Entrance Channel and 271,226 cubic yards from the North Bay Channel at a cost of $245,764. Preliminary engineering for the remainder of the new work dredging was initiated by hired labor at a cost of $108. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $5,582. The total costs during the fiscal year were $245,872 for new work and $5,582 for maintenance, a total of $251,454,. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 92 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the completion of dredging of the Bar and Entrance Channel and the North Bay Channel and dredging of Eureka and Samoa Channels to depths authorized by the Act of July 16, 1952. The north jetty was m- pleted in 1925; the south jetty in 1927; Arcata Channel in 1981; the entrance channel, 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide, in 1935; RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1305 Fields Landing channel and turning basin and Eureka and Samoa channels, to a depth of 26 feet, in 1939. The controlling depths over various channels in June 1954 were as follows: Entrance channel and channel between the jetties, 31 feet; natural channel in bay north of the entrance, 26.5 feet; Samoa channel, 27 feet; Eureka channel, 25 feet to D Street, thence 12.5 feet to head of project; and Fields Landing channel, 20 feet. In May 1937, Arcata channel (no longer in use) was 18 feet. The total costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds....-- --------------------------------- $3, 024, 760 $5, 085, 862 $8, 110, 622 Contributed funds ----------------------------------- 95, 000 95, 000 Total.- 3, 119, 760 5, 085, 862 8, 205, 622 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, nclud- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 12 New work: Appropriated_ --. . . - - - $250,000 $5, 290,259 C ost-- ---------- -.i ............ I............ .................... . 245, 872 5,286, 131 Maintenance: ' Appropriated_ $139,400 $70, 220 $10,000 $116,850 1,300 5,185, 653 Cost----..---......----- 68,657 157,482 22,197 110,999 5,582 5,184,068 1 Includes $2,261,371 for new work and $98,206 for maintenance on previous project. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $95,000 for new work on the existing project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_-- $4,128 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-- 265,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -- ---------- 269,128 3. NOYO RIVER AND HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Noyo Harbor is a cove on the California coast about 100 miles south of Humboldt Bay and 135 miles northwest of San Francisco. Noyo River rises in the Coast Range Mountains, flows westerly, and empties into Noyo Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5703.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1680, Annual Report for 1929, and page 1772, Annual Report for 1930. Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater extending northwesterly about 1,100 feet from the south headland of Noyo Harbor, two entrance jetties, and for an entrance channel into Noyo River 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide and a channel in the river 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide extending 1.15 miles above the mouth, to be obtained by jetty construction and dredging. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between 1306 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.8 feet. The extreme range is about 11.5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $2,378,000, exclusive of amounts expended on the previous project. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $54,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Entrance channel and channel in the river...--------- S. Doc. 156, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2,1945 The breakwater in Noyo Harbor------- __---------- H. Doc. 682, 76th Cong., 3d sess. June 30, 1948 Extension of project channel one-half mile upstream_ H. Doc. 586, 80th Cong., 2d sess. (Contains latest published map.) Local cooperation. The act of July 3, 1930, requires that local interests provide free of cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredged materials. This requirement has been fully complied with for new work. The act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests provide the necessary rights-of-way and ease- ments for the construction and maintenance of the breakwater, including access thereto, and a suitable royalty-free quarry in the locality; and give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will provide suitable public facilities and arrangements for the loading and unloading of vessels in Noyo Harbor. These requirements have not been complied with. The act of June 30, 1948, requires that local interests establish a competent public body empowered to regulate the use and development of the port facili- ties, which shall be open to all on equal terms, and provided such public body (1) furnishes, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the improvement; (2) agrees to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from construction and maintenance of the project; (3) reserves for spoil disposal areas all presently unused lands adjacent to the lower 1.6 miles of the river and lying below an elevation of 16 feet above mean lower low water; (4) agrees to furnish, free of cost to the United States, easements over these areas for the deposit of spoil from the new work and main- tenance dredging and for the construction thereon of impounding levees and to furnish royalty-free material for the construction of such levees, all when and as required; and (5) agrees to contribute to the United States funds equal to the Federal cost of constructing such levees as and when required. The Noyo Harbor District was established by the Board of Supervisors of Mendocino County on October 18, 1950, as an initial step in fulfilling the requirements of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. There are no facilities in the harbor prop- er. In the river above the harbor there are 2 wharves, 6 fish receiving and shipping piers, 3 of which have boat fueling stations thereon; 5 boat building and repair plants; 1 boat fueling and icing terminal; and a number of mooring facilities; all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate, with the exception of RIVERS AND HARBORS---SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1307 mooring and berthing facilities for fishing boats. Improvement of the project as authorized will provide additional protected area for required facilities. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, at a cost of $5,109, plans and specifications were prepared by hired labor and a contract was awarded for repair of the jetties during fiscal year 1955. Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made at a cost of $2,087. The total maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $7,196. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is about 15 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the construction of the breakwater in Noyo Harbor and the extension of the channel one-half mile upstream to mile 1.15. The jetties, rock removal, and dredging of the entrance channel and approximately five-eighths of a mile of the river channel were completed in 1931. In March 1954 the controlling depths were as follows: 11 feet at the entrance to the channel and 6.2 feet between the jetties; thence 9.0 feet to the green navigation light at the first curve (quarter-mile point) ; thence 5.0 feet through the completed portion of the project except for a depth of 2.5 feet at the extreme end. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $195,834 for new work and $465,500 for maintenance, a total of $661,334. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 2 New work: Appropriated-..-------......----------............ -$851 .................................... $207,819 207,819- Cost_. Cost--------------------------------------------------------------------2E)7,819' Maintenance: Appropriated.- --- - $6, 700 -5,174 $212,382 $25, 778 $153, 300 645, 508 Cost...............---------------- 2 691 863 4,346 232,008 7,196 497, 597 I Includes $11,985 for new work and $32,097 for maintenance on previous project. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $7,180 for new work and $820 for maintenance on previous project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project--- 2,182,166 $--------------- 4. BODEGA BAY, CALIF. Location. Bodega Bay is a triangular lagoon on the California coast 85 miles south of Noyo River and 58 miles north of San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5603.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 100 feet wide and 12 feet deep at mean lower low water, protected by jetties; a channel of the same dimensions as the entrance channel to the town of Bay, and thence southeasterly along the shore for a distance of about 4,200 feet, with three widenings or turning basins 12 feet deep, one, 300 feet wide, located at the inner end of the entrance channel, the second, 400 feet wide, at the junction of the bay and shore channels near the town of Bay, and the third, 400 feet wide, at the southern end of the shore channel; and a 1308 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 suitable bulkhead to prevent sand from the spit near the entrance being carried into the bay channel. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.6 feet, and the ex- treme tidal range is about 11 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1943, was $641,800. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $38,500. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938 (H. Doc. 619, 75th Cong., 3d sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. Local interests are required to furnish disposal areas for maintenance dredging and to maintain suitable grasses or shrubbery to control the sands on the dunes west of the bay. Terminal facilities. There are 7 piers, 2 of which have boat fueling stations thereon; 1 boat fueling pier; 1 boatbuilding and repair plant; 2 small repair plants; and 7 small landings; all pri- vately owned. These facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, by hired labor, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made at a cost of $2,162. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1943. In March 1954 the controlling depths were as follows: 11 feet between the jetties to beacon 2, thence 8 feet to beacon 8, 10 feet to beacon 20, 10 feet to the easterly end of the middle turn- ing basin, thence 9 feet to the innermost turning basin, and 6 feet in the innermost turning basin. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $641,800 for new work and $111,078 for maintenance, a total of $752,878. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------- -- .$641,800 Cost ---- --------- ----------- ------ 641, 800 Maintenance: Appropriated ... - $2, 100 $ 727 $2, 500 $2, 700 $2, 200 111, 127 Cost-.... .- I 2,726 1,664 1,630 3,559 2,162 111,078 5. SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR, CALIF. Location. The works included under this project are in San Francisco Bay, in the vicinity of San Francisco, and in the ap- proach channels to the Golden Gate, the bay entrance. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5532.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of July 25, 1868, June 10, 1872, June 23, 1874, March 3, 1899, June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910, and September 22, 1922. For further details, see page 1978 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1749 of Annual Report for 1921, page 1633 of Annual Report for 1929, and page 1669 of Annual Report for 1938. . RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1309 Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel through the San Francisco Bar on the line of the main ship channel, 50 feet deep and 2,000 feet wide; the removal of Presidio Shoal, Black Point Shoal, Rincon Reef Rock (inner), Rincon Reef Rock (outer), Blossom Rock, and Alcatraz Shoal westward of a north- and-south line 2,500 feet west of Alcatraz Light to a depth of 40 feet; the removal of Arch Rock, Shag Rocks 1 and 2, Harding Rock, Raccoon Shoal, Point Knox Shoal westward of a north-and- south line through Point Stuart Light, and a portion of the shoal channelward of the pierhead line near the mouth of Islais Creek, to a depth of 35 feet; and for dredging a channel 750 feet wide and 10 feet deep from that depth in the bay to San Francisco Air- port ending in a basin 10 feet deep and approximately 2,000 feet in width. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.7 feet at Fort Point and 7.2 feet at the San Francisco Airport. The extreme ranges at the foregoing localities are 10.6 and 12 feet, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,628,000, ex- clusive of amounts expended on previous projects and of $134,- 591 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $200,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Jan. 21, 1927 Dredging at Islais Creek-----------------------............................ H. Doc. 337, 69th Cong., 1st sass. July 3, 1930 Removal of Presidio Shoal, Rincon Reef Rock (inner), H. Doc. 196, 70th Cong., 1st seas. Rincon Reef Rock (outer), Blossom Rck, and Alcatraz Shoal to depth of 40 feet, mean lower low water; removal of Arch Rock, Shag Rocks 1 and 2, and Harding Rock to depth of 35 feet; removal of Raccoon Shoal and Point Knox Shoal, westward of a north-and-south line through Point Stuart Light to depth of 35 feet. Aug. 30,1935 1 For a 50-foot depth in the bar main ship channel, 2,000 Rivers and Harbors Committee, 2 feet wide, removal of Black Point Shoal to a depth Doc. 50, 72d Cong., 2d sess. of 40 feet and certain modifications of the areas to be deepened on Alcatraz and Islais Creek Shoals, and abandonment of the 34-foot depth area south of the flared approach channel to Islais Creek. Aug. 26,1937 For the channel to the San Francisco Airport 750 feet Rivers and Harbors Committee, wide and 10 feet deep ending in a basin 2,000 feet Doc. 12, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' wide. 1Included in part in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. Contains latest 6, 1933. 2 published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. The act of August 26, 1937, requires that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitably bulkheaded spoil disposal areas for maintenance of the channel to the San Francisco Airport. Terminal facilities. The State of California owns 66 piers, a large passenger ferry terminal, 3 car ferry terminals, and a moor- ing wharf in the harbor. In addition, there are 4 privately owned wharves, 1 shipbuilding yard, 2 shipbuilding and repair plants, a fishboat harbor and a yacht harbor. These facilities are exclu- sive of those owned by the United States and are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. 1310 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Operationsand results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the U. S. hopper dredge Biddle removed 244,707 cubic yards of mate- rial from the main ship channel at a cost of $64,063; plans and specifications for dredging the Airport Channel by contract during fiscal year 1955 were initiated by hired labor at a cost of $397; and condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $10,236. The total main- tenance cost during the fiscal year was $74,696. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 90 percent completed. The work remaining to be done is the com- pletion of the bar channel and the removal of Raccoon Shoal. 'The dredging of Islais Creek Shoal was completed in 1930, the deepening of Presidio Shoal in 1931, the removal of the various rocks in 1932, the deepening of Point Knox Shoal in 1934, the deepening of Alcatraz Shoal in 1936, the deepening of Black Point 'Shoal in 1937, and the dredging of the channel and basin at the San Francisco Airport in 1941. The controlling depths over various portions of the project on the dates indicated were as follows: Main ship channel, 44 feet, April 1954; Presidio Shoal, 35 feet, April 1954; Black Point Shoal, 35 feet, April 1954; Rincon Reef Rock (inner), 41 feet, March 1946; Rincon Reef Rock (outer), 40 feet, July 1933; Blossom Rock, 40 feet, October 1950; Alcatraz Shoal, 36 feet, April 1954; Arch and Harding Rocks, 33 feet, December 1949; Shag Rocks 1 .and 2, 36 feet, December 1949; Point Knox Shoal, 37.5 feet, April 1954; Raccoon Strait Shoal, 28.5 feet, April 1954; Islais Creek Shoal, 32 feet, April 1954; channel and basin at San Francisco Airport, 5 feet, September 1953. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds--------- .........----------...---------------............... $1,167, 038 $832, 354 $1, 999, 392 Public Works funds--------------------------------- 193, 000 --------------- 193, 000 Contributed funds _ -...... .___...----------- 134, 591 ----- -- 134, 591 Total ........ ...........------------------------------------- 1, 494, 629 832,354 2, 326, 983 Cost andfinancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1951 ing fiscal years 1950 1952 1953 1954 priorto 195012 New work: Appropriated... Aprorite 1---------- -- -------- _ ... .- ----------- -- ... I- ... ......... ----------- ------'------'------------ $2,390,437 2, 390,437 Cost ------------------------------------- - ---- ..........----........... 2,390,437 Maintenance: Appropriated.-------- $167, 500 $4, 703 $74,000 $175,067 $76, 000 1,309, 618 Cost- - "-------- 162,880 7,049 80,670 175, 061 74, 696 1,307,675 1Includes $1,030, 399 for new work and $475,321 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $134,591 for new work on existing project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project- _----------- $267,962 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1311 6. SAN FRANCISCO HARBOR AND BAY, CALIF. (Collection and removal of drift) Location. This project applies to San Francisco Bay, lower San Francisco Bay, Oakland Harbor, Richmond Harbor, San Pablo Bay and Mare Island Strait, Richardson Bay, and their tributaries. Existing project. This provides for the collection and removal of drift from San Francisco Bay and its tributary waters. The (1954) estimate of cost for new work (initial acquisition of plant and equipment) is $1,070,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $203,900. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. No. 286, 81st Cong., 1st sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Described in pertinent separate project descriptions. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, floating debris was collected and disposed of from the project waterways at a cost of $70,191. Condition at end of fiscal year. No new work funds have been appropriated. Operations under the existing project were com- menced July 1, 1950. Costs for the removal of drift previous to that time were carried as maintenance on applicable authorized river and harbor projects in the area. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year, all for maintenance, was $238,934. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 . Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated -------------------. $60, 000 $52, 000 $62, 500 $69, 000 $243, 500 Cost.... . 52, 318 59, 682 56, 742 70, 191 238,934 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project------------- $-$1,070,000 7. SAN RAFAEL CREEK, CALIF. Location. This is a small, mainly tidal stream about 2 miles in length, flowing easterly and emptying into the west side of San Francisco Bay, 14 miles north of San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5532.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide across the flats in San Francisco Bay to the mouth of the creek; thence 6 feet deep and 60 feet wide to Irwin Street, San Rafael; a cutoff through Goose Neck Bend, and a turning basin 200 feet long, 100 feet wide, and 6 feet deep at San Rafael, near the head of the project. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The length of the section under improvement is 3.5 miles, of which 2 miles are in San Francisco Bay, outside the mouth of the creek. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher Sig 42-1311-1342 1312 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U: S. ARMY, 1954 high water is 5.7 feet, with an extreme range of 10.5 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1928, was $32,359, exclusive of $41,094 contributed funds. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $27,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. 801, 63d Cong., 2d sess.). No map has been published. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 8 wharves, 6 of which are for the receipt of bulk petroleum products; 2 boatbuilding and repair plants; 4 yacht harbors and 4 boat fueling stations; and 11 moor- ings and bulkhead landings; all privately owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, by hired labor, plans and specifications were prepared and 265,941 cubic yards of material were removed by contract from the proj- ect channels at a cost of $116,810; and condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $1,467; a total maintenance cost during the fiscal year of $118,277. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1928. In February 1954 the controlling depths were as follows: 8.5 feet in the channel across the flats in San Francisco Bay to the mouth of the creek; 8.0 feet in the creek to the municipal yacht harbor, thence 7.5 feet to the head of the project at Irwin Street. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds ......-------------------------------------- $32, 359 $416, 465 $448, 824 Contributed funds ..... .....---------------------------- 41, 094 ---------------- 41, 094 Total - . . .. 73, 453 416, 465 489, 918 T tl------------------------------------------7,5 1,6 8,1 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated- -- $32, 359 Cost - - _---- =------------------- - - - - ------------ - - - - - ------ -32,359 Maintenance: Appropriated $61,350 -$24, 158 $1,618 $2, 500 $118, 400 416, 677 Cost6---------6,101 33,451 1,618 2,411 118,277 416,465 SExclusive of contributed funds of $41,094 for new work. 8. PETALUMA CREEK, CALIF. Location. This stream rises in the hills north of Petaluma, flows southeasterly about 20 miles, and empties into the north- west side of San Pablo Bay about 22 miles from San Francisco. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1313 (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5533.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, July 13, 1892, July 18, 1918, and March 3, 1925. For further details, see page 1982 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1665 of Annual Report for 1929, and page 1684 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 200 feet wide in San Pablo Bay to the mouth of the creek; thence 8 feet deep and 100 feet wide in the creek to Western Avenue, Petaluma, including a depth of 8 feet in the turning basin; thence 4 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Washington Street Bridge; thence 4 feet deep and 40 feet wide to a point 935 feet above the Wash- ington Street Bridge. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The length of the section under improvement is 19.5 miles, of which 5 miles are in San Pablo Bay downstream from the mouth of the creek. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.1 feet at the entrance and 6.6 feet at the head of navigation, with an extreme range of 10 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1933, was $85,063, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $61,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930 (H. Doc. 183, 70th Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in this document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. The act of July 3, 1930, requires that local interests furnish satisfactory areas with necessary levees, spillways, and drainage works for the proper disposal of spoil from maintenance. Terminal facilities. There are 24 wharves and piers and 11 small landings, all privately owned. These facilities are consid- ered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $2,988. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1933. The controlling depths on the dates indicated were as fol- lows: June 1953, 6.5 feet in the channel across the flats in San Pablo Bay; March 1953, 9 feet to Haystack Landing, 8 feet to F Street in Petaluma, 7 feet to Western Avenue, and 2.5 feet to the head of the project. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $85,063 for new work and $622,397 for maintenance, a total of $707,460. 1314 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 I3 New work: Appropriated----- ------------------------------------------------------ $297,146 Cost---------------------------_ ----------------- ----------- ----------- 297,146 Maintenance: Appropriated-........ -$78, 000 $4, 535 $194, 000 $ 7,475 $5, 700 941, 112 Cost----------------- 2,794 4, 561 8,475 191,688 2,989 937,089 1Includes $212,083 for new work and $314,692 for maintenance of previous project. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $15,559 for new work on the previous project. 9. NAPA RIVER, CALIF. Location. This stream rises in the St. Helena Mountains, flows in a southerly direction, and empties into Mare Island Strait. The navigable portion is a tidal estuary. The head of navigation is at Third Street in the city of Napa, 16.2 miles above the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5533.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 11, 1888, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919. For further details, see page 1756, Annual Report for 1930, and page 1683, Annual Re- port for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 15 feet deep and 100 feet wide between the mouth at Mare Island Strait and Asy- lum Slough and 10 feet deep and 75 feet wide thence to Third Street in Napa with a cutoff at Horseshoe Bend, a turning basin 300 feet wide at Jacks Bend, and additional widenings, realine- ments, and related works in other difficult sections. The length of the section included in the project is 16.2 miles. The range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6 feet at the mouth and 7.1 feet at the head of navigation. The extreme range is about 11 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,167,000, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $37,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,1935 Channel 8 feet deep, 100 feet wide from Mare Island Rivers and Harbors Committee Strait to Asylum Slough, thence 75 feet wide to Doc. 6, 72d Cong., 1stsess. Napa. July 24, 1946 Channel 15 feet deep, 100 feet wide between Mare H. Doc. 397, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Island Strait and Asylum Slough, thence 10 feet (Contains latest published map.) deep, 75 feet wide to 3d St. in Napa. Local cooperation. The act of July 24, 1946, requires that local interests: (1) Furnish, free of cost to the United States, all neces- sary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for the new work and subsequent channel maintenance when and as required; (2) provide all necessary spoil impounding and drain- age works; (3) assume responsibility for maintenance of such RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1315 bank revetment and levees as may be constructed or reconstructed in connection with the works; and (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and subsequent maintenance of the Federal improvements. These and all prior requirements have been complied with for work performed to date. STerminal facilities. There are 4 dry docks, 1 vessel outfitting wharf, 7 wharves used in connection with oil distributing plants, and 4 wharves for general cargoes and other miscellaneous pur- poses. There are also numerous small yacht mooring facilities along the river. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $7,632. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 99 per- cent complete. The remaining work consists of the construction of dikes and revetments should they be required. The controlling depths over various sections of the project on the dates indicated were as follows: July 1952, 15 feet from Mare Island Causeway to Goodluck Point; November 1953, 12.5 feet at Goodluck Point, thence 15 feet to Dutton Landing, 11 feet to Bull Island, 14 feet to Horseshoe Bend Cutoff, 12 feet to Asylum Slough, 11 feet to Tan- nery Bend, and 4 feet to the head of the project. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $1,021,274 for new work and $53,394 for maintenance, a total of $1,074,668. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated . $ 56,650 - $18, 275 ...- $1,048,830 Cost---------------- 863,034 $15,604 24,751 - -- -1,048,830 Maintenance: Appropriated - ---... 18,600 -311 7, 500 $6, 200 $4, 200 88, 600 Cost.------------ 17, 776 642 5,310 4,347 7,632 87,990 IIncludes $27,556 for new work and $34,596 for maintenance of previous project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-------- ----------- $145,726 10. SAN PABLO BAY AND MARE ISLAND STRAIT, CALIF. Location. The channel extends from a point in the lower end of San Pablo Bay west of Pinole Point in a general northeasterly di- rection across Pinole Shoal in San Pablo Bay to the junction of Carquinez Strait and Mare Island Strait, thence northwesterly in Mare Island Strait along the frontage of the Mare Island Navy Yard. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5533.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, February 27, 1911, and August 8, 1917. For fur- ther details; see page 1680, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel across 1316 'REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 Pinole Shoal in San Pablo Bay 600 feet wide and 35 feet deep; thence through Mare Island Strait a channel 700 feet wide and 30 feet deep flaring to a turning basin generally 1,000 feet wide from former dike 6, Mare Island, to a line 75 feet southerly from the causeway between Vallejo and Mare Island, 30 feet deep, except at the northerly end where the project depth is 26 feet. The proj- ect provides also for two approach areas 20 feet deep to within 50 feet of the pierhead line adjacent to the improved water front at Vallejo and South Vallejo and for maintenance of the two ap- proach areas to the navy yard piers at the southern end of Mare Island. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.8 feet at the lower end of San Pablo Bay, and 6 feet opposite the Mare Island Navy Yard with an extreme range of about 10 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $390,000, exclu- sive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $225,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Feb. 27,1911 A depth of 30 feet through Pinole Shoal-----------.............. H. Doc. 1103, 60th Cong., d sess. Aug. 8,1917 A depth of 35 feet and the Mare Island Strait Channel H. Doc. 140, 65th Cong., 1st eess. and turning basin. Jan. 21,1927 Increasing width of the channel to 600 feet and de- H. Doc. 104, 69th Cong., 1st ses. creasing channel and turning basin depth in Mare Island Strait to 30 feet. June 20,1938 Increasing width of the channel in Mare Island Strait H. Doc. 644, 75th Cong., 3d sess. to 700 feet and increasing length of turning basin. Mar. 2,1945 Approach areas at Vallejo and South Vallejo and H. Doc. 217, 77th Cong., 1st sess. maintenance of approach areas to navy yard piers (Contains latest published map.) at south end of Mare Island. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 3 wharves along the southern shore of San Pablo Bay; in Mare Island Strait there are 6 wharves, 2 ferry slips, and 3 small boat moorings, in addition to the Navy Yard facilities. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the U. S. hopper dredge Hyde removed 649,447 cubic yards of material from Pinole Shoal Channel and U. S. hopper dredges Hyde, Biddle, and Rossell removed 1,586,762 cubic yards of material from Mare Island Strait, at a cost of $353,019. Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $4,818. The total maintenance cost for the fiscal year was $357,837. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is about 97 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the dredging of the two approach channels adjacent to Vallejo and South Vallejo. Pinole Shoal Channel was completed in 1929. The Mare Island Strait Channel and turning basin was completed in 1943. In January 1954 the controlling depth throughout Pinole Shoal Chan- nel was 34 feet, and in May 1954, the controlling depth in Mare Island Strait was 24.5 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1317 The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $282,669 for new work and $3,580,168 for maintenance, a total of $3,862,837, Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated.. ------------ ------------ ------------------------ ----------- $1,369,372 Cost--------------_ ---------------------------------------- ------------ 1,369,372 Maintenance: Appropriated------... $174, 200 $143, 700 $185, 900 $103, 634 $308, 000 4,944,937 Cost------ 208,347 108, 066 227, 974 48, 749 357, 837 4,939,548 1Includes $1,086,703 for new work and $1,359,380 for maintenance of previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project _--- $107,331 11. RICHMOND HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is on the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay about 10 miles north of Oakland. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No, 5532.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep from San Francisco Bay to the Santa Fe Channel (Ellis slough), 400 feet wide between the bay and the basin at terminal No. 1; thence 500 feet wide to Point Potrero, with an increased width of 1,150 feet at the turn off that point; thence widening from about 700 feet just east of Point Potrero to 850 feet at a point 575 feet northerly therefrom; thence 850 feet wide to the Santa- Fe Channel; for widening and flaring to the basin at terminal No. 1 and the subsequent maintenance, to a depth of 30 feet, of the basin as thus enlarged to within 75 feet of the pierhead line; for the maintenance to a depth of 30 feet in the Santa Fe Charinel to within 50 feet of the established harbor lines; for approach areas 32 feet deep to within 75 feet of the pierhead line in the outer harbor at Point San Pablo, Point Orient, and Richmond long wharf; for a channel 20 feet deep, 150 feet wide and about 2,000 feet long from deep water in San Pablo Bay easterly along the north side of Point San Pablo; and for a training wall 10,000 feet long extending in a general westerly direction from Brooks Island. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.8 feet, with an extreme range of about 11 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $878,000, exclusive of contributed funds in the amount of $524,778. The latest (1954) appi~ed estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $128,500. 1318 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 8,1917 Channel 24 feet deep and 600 feet wide in the inner H. Doc. 515, 63d Cong., 2d sess. harbor and the training wall. July 3, 1930 A 30-foot channel with lessened widths ....----------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 16, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,1935 1 Increasing project widths in the inner harbor, the Rivers and Harbors Committee maintenance of the Santa Fe Channel to 30 feet and Doc. 7, 73d Cong., 1st sess., and the approach areas in the outer harbor to 32 feet. Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 10, 74th Cong., 1st sess. 2 June 20, 1938 Widening of the channel at Point Potrero and north H. Doc. 598, 75th Cong., 3d sess. thereof, and for enlarging and subsequently main- taining the basin at terminal No. 1. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel in San Pablo Bay 20 feet deep and 150 feet H. Doc. 715, 76th Cong., 3d sess.2 wide. Included in part in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contain latest published maps. Recommended modification of project. Modifications to the ex- isting project are recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document 395, 83d Congress, 2d session, to provide for a channel 35 feet deep and 600 feet wide adjacent to Southampton Shoal from deep water to the outer harbor, enlarging the approach area in the vicinity of Richmond Long Wharf for about 3,670 feet parallel to the pierhead line at a distance of 75 feet there- from and deepening the enlarged area to 35 feet, deepening to 85 feet and widening to 600 feet the inner harbor entrance chan- nel from deep water to the turning basin at Point Richmond deepening to 35 feet the turning basin at Point Richmond and thence the inner harbor project area to a point in Santa Fe Channel 2,000 feet above its entrance including dredging on the east side of the channel in the vicinity of Point Potrero to afford the full authorized width of 850 feet and excluding a small area in the apex of the bend at Point Potrero, tapered widening of the channel in the westerly approach to Point Potrero bend to afford a maximum width of about 600 feet with a depth of 35 feet, and maintenance of a suitable approach area at the Naval Fuel Annex Wharf to a depth of 35 feet; generally in accordance with the plan of the district engineer and with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; at an estimated cost to the United States of $1,866,000 for new work and $41,400 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required; provided that before construction of any item of work is commenced local interests agree that insofar as applicable to such item of work they will: (1) furnish, without cost to the United States, all necessary easements for the improvement and suitable spoil-disposal areas for the new work and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United states free from all damages due to construction and maintenance of the work; and (3) construct and maintain suitable wharves, ship-loading facilities and cargo-storage and handling facilities adjacent to the deepened portion of Santa Fe Channel, with the provision that such wharves and other facilities, intended for pub- lic use, shall be open to all on equal terms. It is further recom- mended that the modification of the existing project include the RIVERS AND HARBORS---SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1319 rescission of the provision that no portion of the channel widen- ing to 850 feet, north of Point Potrero, as authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, shall be undertaken until local interests furnish satisfactory assurances that industries will avail themselves of the improved navigation facilities. Local cooperation. The act of June 20, 1938, requires that local interests furnish necessary rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance and that no portion of the channel widening north of Point Potrero authorized by that act be undertaken until assurances are received that in- dustries will avail themselves of the improved navigation facilities. These latter assurances have not been received. All other re- quirements have been fully complied with. Terminal facilities. In the inner harbor there are 4 deep-water terminals, 2 oil-distribution terminals, a shipyard, a rail car ferry terminal, 4 privately owned wharves, and several small wharves for the mooring of floating equipment. In the outer harbor there are 2 oil distribution terminals, a passenger and auto ferry ter- minal, a deep-water terminal, a privately owned wharf for handling sand and cement, and about 10 fish-receiving wharves. Operationsand results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 90,800 cubic yards of mate- rial from the inner harbor at a cost of $50,716 and preliminary engineering for dredging to be accomplished during fiscal year 1955 in Santa Fe Channel was initiated by hired labor at a cost of $1,751. Condition and operation studies and inspections and re- ports were made by hired labor at a cost of $6,455. The total main- tenance cost during the fiscal year was $58,922. Conditionat end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 94 percent complete. Dredging was initiated in 1918 and carried on intermittently until 1940, at which time the project was complete except for the widening of the channel north of Point Potrero. The training wall was completed in 1931, and the channel in San Pablo Bay in 1945. The controlling depths in the project channels on the dates indicated were as follows: March 1954, 28 feet in the channel from San Francisco Bay to the southerly end of Santa Fe Channel, and 27 feet in Santa Fe Channel; April 1951, 10 feet in the channel east of Point San Pablo; June 1953, 30 feet in approach to Point San Pablo and Point Orient; April 1954, 28 feet in approach to Richmond Long Wharf. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds------.. ---.------ .-. $709,018 $1, 205, 879 $1, 914, 897 Public Works funds _---. -....- -............. 105, 000 ........... 105, 000 Contributed funds ___- ___.______--- . --........... - -- 524, 778 34, 800 559, 578 Total_____ _____---.............. ... __ _ --- --- - 1, 338, 796 1,240, 679 2, 579, 475 1320 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated ..------------ ------------ ----------------------------------- 814, 018 Cost..... ...------------ -------------------------------------------------------- . 814,018 Maintenance: Appropriated--..--- $58,000 $46, 412 $111, 500 $114, 555 $59, 000 1, 207, 039 Cost-- --------- 15,106 91,312 110,597 114,719 58,922 1,205,879 I Exclusive of contributed funds of $524,778 for new work and $34,800 for maintenance. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project -_ - - - - --- - - - -- $63, 982 12. OAKLAND HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is on the eastern side of San Francisco Bay, opposite the city of San Francisco. The inner harbor is situ- ated between the cities of Oakland and Alameda. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5535.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 23, 1874, June 13, 1902, and March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1979 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1755 of Annual Report for 1921, and page 1674 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel to Oak- land Outer Harbor, 35 feet deep from deep water in San Francisco Bay and 800 feet wide across the shoal southeast of Yerba Buena Island, thence narrowing to 600 feet at Oakland Mole; thence a channel and turning basin 35 feet deep and from 600 to 950 feet wide in the outer harbor to the Army Base. The project also provides for an entrance channel to Oakland Inner Harbor, 30 feet deep and 800 feet wide at the bayward end, narrowing to 600 feet wide at the ends of the Oakland jetties; a channel from the ends of the jetties 30 feet deep and 600 feet wide to the west end of Government Island, with additional widening to the pierhead line in front of the Grove and Market Street (formerly municipal) piers, and widening to within 75 feet of the pierhead line along the south side of the channel from Harrison Street eastward to harbor-line point 119 in Brooklyn Basin; a channel 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide through Brooklyn Basin; for dredging to a depth of 30 feet a triangular area about 2,700 feet long and of a maximum width of 300 feet at the western end of Brooklyn Basin; maintenance of a channel 25 feet deep and 300 feet wide at the north end of Brooklyn Basin; a turning basin at the east end of Brooklyn Basin 30 feet deep, 500 feet wide, and 1,200 feet long; a navigation channel in the tidal canal 30 feet deep and 275 feet wide from Brooklyn Basin to Park Street, thence 25 feet deep to San Leandro Bay; a total channel length of 81/2 miles from San Francisco Bay to San Leandro Bay. The project also includes parallel rubble-mound jetties at the en- trance to the inner harbor, a north jetty 9,500 feet long and a south jetty 12,000 feet long; and three highway bridges across the tidal canal, two of which (at Park Street and High Street) have been RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1321 replaced by local interests. The railroad and highway bridges at Fruitvale Avenue are being maintained and operated by the United States. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6 feet in the outer harbor and 6.3 feet in the inner harbor at the Park Street Bridge. The extreme range is about 11 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $3,111,100, exclusive of contributed funds in the amount of $83,547 and of amounts ex- pended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $209,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: I Acts Work authorized Documents June 23,1874 Jetties ............ ............... __-......_..... Annual Report, Part II, 1874, p. 378. June 25, 1910 North channel in Brooklyn Basin and tidal canal to H. Doc. 647, 61st Cong., 2d sess. 18 feet. Sept. 22, 1922 Channel across the shoal southeast of Yerba Buena H. Doc. 144, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Island, and thence to Webster St.; south channel in Brooklyn Basin; turning basin at the east end of Brooklyn Basin; and the channel in the tidal canal from Brooklyn Basin to Park St. Jan. 2, 1927 Channel from Webster St. to Brooklyn Basin, the H. Doc. 407, 69th Cong., Ist sess.' maintenance of the area to within 75 feet of the pier- head line south of the channel from Harrison St. to harbor line point 119 in Brooklyn Basin; dredging of a triangular strip about 2,700 feet long and maxi- mum width of 300 feet and deepening to 25 feet of the tidal canal above Park St. to San Leandro Bay. Apr. 28, 1928 Local cooperation requirements modified to provide Public Res. 28, 70th Cong. that alteration or replacement of bridges by local interests shall apply only to that feature of the project covering the deepening of the tidal canal to 25 feet. The draw bridges across the tidal canal were required by the 1882 decree of the court in the condemnation proceedings whereby title was obtained to the right-of-way for the tidal canal. July 3, 1930 Entrance channel to the outer harbor, 800 feet to Rivers and Harbors Committee 600 feet wide. Doe. 43, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2,1945 Elimination of requirement that local interests con- H. Doec. 466, 77th Cong., lst sess. tribute 10 cents per cubic yard toward deepening the tidal canal. Do .Deepening channel to outer harbor to 35 feet and Report on file in Office, Chief of maintenance of channel and turning basin in outer Engineers. harbor. 1 Contain latest published maps. Local cooperation. The act of January 21, 1927, as modified by the act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests contribute one-half the cost of the entrance channel (400 feet wide) to the outer harbor and that the future maintenance by the United States of the north channel in Brooklyn Basin be contingent upon the removal by local interests of all sewers emptying therein, or, in lieu of such removal, upon the contribution of one-half the cost of maintenance (H. Doc. 407, 69th Cong., 1st sess., and H. Doc. 466, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The first of the above requirements has been fulfilled. The others have not been fulfilled. In compliance with a 1910 license issued by the Secretary of War pursuant to provisions of the act of June 25, 1910, local interests have replaced the bridges at Park Street and High Street and are operating and 1322 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 maintaining them. They have been legally unable to continue to maintain, operate, or replace a combined railroad and highway bridge at Fruitvale Avenue because of a decision rendered by the California Court of Appeals that it was illegal for them to use appropriated funds for the sole benefit of a private corporation. The Southern Pacific Railroad Co. operated trains over the com- bined bridge until June 1951 when a separate railroad bridge, constructed for its use by the Federal Government, was placed in operation. (The railroad and highway bridges at Fruitvale Ave. are maintained and operated by the United States.) Terminalfacilities. In the inner harbor there are 64 wharves of which 36 are owned by the Port of Oakland, 7 shipyards, 2 ferry terminals and numerous small boat moorings. In the outer harbor there are 5 wharves, owned by the Port of Oakland, and 2 privately owned ferry terminals. These facilities are exclusive of those owned by the United States and are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the following work was performed at the indicated costs: IT . S. hopper dredges Davison and Hyde removed 509,792 cubic yards of material from the inner and outer harbors--.............---.---- -------- .. $142, 649 By contract, 481 cubic yards of material was removed from the channel adjacent to the Ninth Avenue Pier.,--------------------........----------- 1,156 Repair of the deck swing span and superstructure of Fruitvale Avenue Highway Bridge was accomplished by contract------- ...................--------------................... 27,090 Miscellaneous rehabilitation of Fruitvale Avenue Highway Bridge was accomplished by hired labor--.....................----------------------................................................ 4,301 Engineering and design for repair of the Fruitvale Avenue Highway Bridge approaches was accomplished by hired labor--------------------......................----........................... 3, 605 Condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor....----------------------------------------------7,398 The Fruitvale Highway and Railroad Bridges were operated and main- tained by hired labor------......... --------------------------------------- 50,857 Total maintenance during fiscal year.............................--------------------......---........ 237, 056 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 82 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the deepening to 25 feet of the tidal canal above the Park Street Bridge. The jetties were completed in 1894. Dredging of the various project channels was completed in 1931 except for the deepening of 'the tidal canal above Park Street Bridge. The 35-foot depth in the channel to the outer harbor was obtained in 1942 with military funds. The controlling depths in the project channels on the dates indicated were as follows: April 1954, 30 feet in the entrance chan- nel to the outer harbor, and 28 feet in the entrance channel to the inner harbor; January 1953, 29 feet in. the inner harbor to Fort- mann Basin, and 28 feet to the westerly end of Government Island; in April 1954, 24 feet to the Park Street Bridge; June 1952, 16 feet in the, tidal canal to Fruitvale Avenue Bridge; August 1950, 17 feet in the tidal canal to San Leandro Bay, and 18 feet in the north. channel of BrQoklyn Basin. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1323 The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds-------------------------------.... $2,622, 031 $4,489,285 $7, 111, 316 Contributed funds...----------------------------------- 83, 547 ---- 83, 547 Total ..--_ - ______________ - - - ...- - - ...... - 2, 705, 578 4, 489, 285 7, 194, 863 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 12 New work: Appropriated -- -- - - - --- $5,521,263 Cost .----------- 5,521,263 Maintenance: Appropriated---- $847,450 $ 82,275 $237, 000 $168, 250 $306, 000 5, 277, 471 Cost_ ______________ 635,360 355 531, 336,207 143,352 237,056 35,173,313 ' Includes $2,899,232 for new work and $684,028 for maintenance of previous projects. The cost reported in prior years included the work accomplished under authority of the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910. This cost being chargeable to the existing project. A Exclusive of contributed funds of $83,547 for new work on the existing project. * Includes $408,137 for operation and care of Fruitvale Ayenue Bridges. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project _ ___ _- - - - -- _ $489,038 13. REDWOOD CITY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. Redwood City Harbor is on Redwood Creek, a tribu- tary of San Francisco Bay about 20 miles south of the city of San Francisco. The project works also include a channel in San Fran- cisco Bay east of Point San Bruno. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5531.) Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902. For further details, see page 1979 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1672 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 500 feet wide and 30 feet deep across San Bruno Shoal in San Francisco Bay; a chan- nel 300 feet wide and 30 feet deep to the vicinity of the confluence of West Point Slough and Redwood Creek, with a basin at that loca- tion 2,200 feet long and from 400 to 900 feet wide; thence a channel 400 feet wide, 30 feet deep, and approximately 1,300 feet long flaring to a second turning basin approximately 900 feet wide, 1,700 feet long, and 30 feet deep; thence a channel 150 feet wide and 5 feet deep extending to Steinberger Slough. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 6.9 feet at Point San Bruno and 7.9 feet at Redwood City. The ex- treme ranges are estimated to be 12 feet and 13 feet at the respective localities.' The authorized channel across San Bruno Shoal is about 4-173 miles long. In the creek, the authorized deep- 1324 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 water channel is 3.4 miles long including the basins, and the 5-foot channel extends to mile 4.3. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,670,000, exclusive of $119,572 contributed by local interests and of the amounts ex- pended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $102,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 A 5-foot channel to Steinberger Slough....------------ H. Doc. 307, 61st Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 A 20-foot channel to West Point Slough.....------------ H. Doc. 142, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 A 27-foot channel to West Point Slough and a turn- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing basin 27 feet deep, 1,800 feet long, and 700 feet Doc. 10, 73d Cong., 1st sess. wide. Mar. 2,1945 A 30-foot channel across San Bruno Shoal and en- H. Doc. 94, 79th Cong., 1st sess. larging and deepening the 27-foot channel and turning basin in Redwood Creek to 30 feet. May 17, 1950 Extending the 30-foot channel 1,300 feet upstream H. Doc. 104, 81st Cong., 1st sess. and providing a second turning basin 30 feet deep, (Contains latest published map.) 900 feet wide and 1,700 feet long at junction of Red- wood Creek and Boundary Slough. Project name changed from Redwood Creek, Calif., to Redwood City Harbor, Calif. Local cooperation. The act of August 30, 1935, requires that local interests furnish areas for disposal of dredged material re- moved during maintenance; the requirements for new work have been fully complied with for work performed to date. No local cooperation is required by the act of March 2, 1945. The act of May 17, 1950, requires that the port of Redwood City give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that it will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all necessary land, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas with necessary impounding works, for the construction and subsequent mainte- nance of the project, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and sub- sequent maintenance of the works; (3) arrange with responsible local interests to relocate, without cost to the United States, the municipal yacht harbor and provide new facilities at least equal to those now available; (4) maintain at its own expense the exist- ing public terminal and construct and maintain, without cost to the United States, an additional public wharf, sufficient in size to accommodate a modern cargo vessel, located on the proposed extension of the project, with the understanding that all public terminals shall be open to all on equal terms. Thee board of port commissioners of the city of Redwood City has passed a resolution of intent to comply with these requirements. Terminal facilities. There are 3 municipally owned wharves, 3 privately owned wharves, a boat repair yard, a bulk salt loading facility, and a pleasure boat mooring in Redwood City Harbor. Local interests have definite plans for additional facilities to accommo- date anticipated increases in commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, the U. S. hopper dredge Davison removed 62,938 cubic yards of mate- rial from the entrance channel and outer turning basin at a cost of $21,591, and condition and operation studies and inspections and RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1325 reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $4,528. The total maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $26,119. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 20 percent complete. The work remaining to be done is the widening and deepening of the channel across San Bruno Shoal, and of the channel and turning basin in Redwood Creek as authorized by the act of March 2, 1945, and the channel and turning basin in Redwood Creek as authorized by the act of May 17, 1950. The controlling depths in the various channels on the dates in- dicated were as follows: April 1954, 27 feet in San Bruno Shoal Channel; March 1954, 26 feet in San Francisco Bay to the outer turning basin; May 1954, 24 feet in the turning basin, 10 feet to the municipal yacht harbor, and 3.5 feet to Steinberger Slough, except at extreme end of project where depth was 1.5 feet. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds___ $129, 893 $592, 671 564 $722, 572 Contributed funds------------------------------------$119, Oontributed funds 572----------------119, 119, 572 ._ __ .119, .____ _ 572 Total ..... ...------------------ _ .------- 249,465 592, 671 842, 136 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 12 New work: Appropriated $161, 336 Cost __... i ----- ----------- 161,336 Maintenance: Appropriated. -$7, 000 $49, 800 $3, 000 $100, 725 $24, 000 593, 351 Cost__--------------- 55,147 49, 589 3,176 98,373 1 26,119 592,671 IIncludes $31,443 for new work on previous projects. 2 Exclusive of contributed funds of $119,572 for new work on existing project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project 1,540,107 $____________________ 14. HALFMOON BAY, CALIF. Location. Located on the coast of California about 15 miles south of San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5520.) Existing project. This provides for the construction of two rubble-mound breakwaters each approximately 4,400 feet long. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.5 feet. The extreme range is about 8 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $6,420,000, including $12,100 for navigation aids, but exclusive of $100,000 to be con- tributed by local interests. The (1954) estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $43,800. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor 1326 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Act approved June 30, 1948. (H. Doc. 644, 80th Cong., 2d sess.) The latest published map is contained in that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, requires that local interests establish a competent and properly constituted public body empowered to administer the harbor facili- ties, and furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will: (1) make available to the United States the right to obtain, free of royalty costs, the necessary stone for the initial construction and future maintenance of the breakwaters from a source or sources acceptable to the district engineer, when and as required; (2) provide without cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the construction and maintenance of the project; (3) hold and save the United States free from claims for damages due to construction and main- tenance of the project; (4) provide and maintain without cost to the United States necessary utilities and mooring facilities in- cluding a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal and reasonable terms; and (5) contribute toward the first cost of the improvement the sum of $100,000. Local interests have established the San Mateo County Harbor Commission which has initiated action for the fulfillment of the requirements for local cooperation. Terminal facilities. There are 3 privately owned piers, each with boat-fueling facilities and 1 with a sardine conveyor pipeline to a plant located on shore. These facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was ac- complished. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on this project. Engineering and design is approximately 41 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $36,875 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- Cost __----------------- $75,900 22,812 ( -- - $8,433 -- $38, 125 - --836, 5,630 - 875 36,875 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- ated for completion of existing project 6,383125 $------------------------ 15. MOSS LANDING HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is approximately 80 miles south of San Francisco Harbor on Monterey Bay about midway between the cities of Santa Cruz and Monterey. See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5403.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 200 feet wide and 15 feet deep, protected by jetties, from Monterey Bay into the inner lagoon at Moss Landing, thence a channel in the lagoon, 100 feet wide, 15 feet deep, and approximately 3,200 feet long extending southerly from the entrance, with a flared RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1327 widening to a width of 200 feet for a length of 400 feet at the southerly end. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range be- tween mean lower water and mean higher high water is 5.3 feet with an estimated extreme range of 10.5 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1947, was $343,552. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $34,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (Report on file in the Office of the Chief of Engineers.) No map has been published. Local cooperation. The act of March 2, 1945, requires that local interests furnish the necessary rights-of-way and suitably bulk- headed spoil disposal areas for new work and subsequent main- tenance, when and as required, and hold the United States free from claims for damages resulting from construction work. The requirements for new work have been fulfilled. Terminal facilities. There are 5 piers, 1 of which has boat fuel- ing facilities, 1 oil receiving terminal, several fish receiving hop- pers, and a number of mooring facilities within the protected har- bor. Outside the harbor in Monterey Bay there is 1 privately owned submerged petroleum pipeline and 1 pier which is used for receipts of petroleum products. These facilities are not ade- quate, but plans have been made for improvements to accommo- date prospective commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, 78,864 cubic yards of material was removed from the project by contract at a cost of $32,748; engineering and design was initiated by hired labor, at a cost of $1,046, for repair of the north jetty by contract; and condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $1,753. The total maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $35,907. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1947, The controlling depths on the dates indicated were as fol- lows: February 1954, 10 feet in the entrance channel, except 5 feet near the south edge of channel; August 1953, 16 feet in the inner channel and turning basin. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $338,215 for new work and $866,139 for maintenance, a total of $1,204, 354, exclusive of surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_----------- -- ------------ ----------------- ----------------- $338,215.50 Cost...------------ -------------- ------------------------------------------- 1338,215.50 Maintenance: Appropriated .. $33,000 -$36, 800 $3, 500 $134,200 -$19, 000 866,900 Cost..----------------- 1,163 1,911 2,886 79,145 35,907 ' 866,139 SExclusive of $5,337 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. 2 Exclusive of $8,539 surplus material from Corps of Engineers' military activities. 1328 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 16. MONTEREY HARBOR, CALIF. Location. This harbor is about 90 miles south of San Francisco Bay, at the south end of Monterey Bay, an indentation in the coast of California. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5403.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912. No work was done. No expenditures were made. Existing project. This provides for a breakwater 1,700 feet long, with the shore connection extending about 750 feet due east from a point about half-way between Reeside Avenue and the Presidio boundary, and the outer section bearing about S. 70 ° E.; a harbor depth of 8 feet adjacent to municipal wharf No. 1; and a sand trap, 500 feet long, to prevent further encroachment of sand into the protected portion of the harbor. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 5.5 feet. The extreme range is about 10 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $916,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $22,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents July 3, 1930 Breakwater, 1,300 feet long --------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 12, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 19351 Extension of breakwater to length of 1,700 feet-------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doe. 45, 72d Cone., 1st sess. 2 Mar. 2,1945 Harbor depth of 8 feet and sand trap-------------- H. Doe. 266, 76th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Previously authorized Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of March 2. 1945, required that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, necessary easements for the construction and maintenance of the sand trap, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvements; and pro- vided further that local interests bear the excess cost of placing dredged materials in disposal areas of their selection. These re- quirements have been complied with for the work performed to date. All prior requirements have been fulfilled. Terminal facilities. Within the protected harbor the existing commercial facilities consist of 2 publicly owned wharves with a total of about 2,600 feet of berthing space, 3 boat fueling stations, 2 net tanning plants, 2 machine shops and other facilities for serv- icing fishing boats, exclusive of facilities owned by the United States. Outside the protected harbor there are 1 boatbuilding and repair plant, 35 anchored floating fish-receiving hoppers connected by pipelines to the sardine plants ashore, 2 submarine pipelines between tanker moorings and shore plants for handling petroleum products, and other facilities for servicing fishing boats. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce, although a state of congestion generally exists within the protected harbor due to a lack of sufficient protected anchor mooring space. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1329 Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, 8,049 cubic yards of material was removed by contract from areas adjacent to municipal wharf No. 1 at a cost of $13,036, and condi- tion and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $434. The total maintenance cost during the fiscal year was $13,470. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 78 percent complete. The breakwater was completed in 1934. The harbor was dredged to within approximately 120 feet of the shore- ward limits of the project in 1947. The work remaining to be done is the completion of the dredging to project limits, and the con- struction of the sand trap. The controlling depth in the completed portion of the harbor in August 1953 was 8 feet except in the extreme southerly portion which was 6.1 feet easterly of municipal wharf No. 1 and 6.0 feet westerly of municipal wharf No. 1. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds-------... .__- ___ _____ _ -____..... $490, 671 $50, 904 $541, 575 Publi works funds ---------------------------------- ................ 207, 800 ,----------------207, 800 Total ... .... ... 698, 471 ...---------------------------------------- 50,904 749,375 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-- --- $45,520 .--- $698,471 Cost ....---------------------------------------------------------------- 698, 471 Maintenance: Appropriated ... --- 14, 700 -- $1,175 $2,500 $30, 925 -$3,700 51,500 Cost --....------------- - 15, 940- ........ . -2, 085 13, 574 13, 470 50, 904 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project--------------_--- $217, 529 17. NAWILIWILI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the southeast coast of the island of Kauai, and about 100 nautical miles northwest of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4111.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater about 2,150 feet in length along the reef which separates this bay into an inner and an outer harbor; for an entrance channel 35 feet deep with a minimum width of 600 feet and a length of about 2,400 feet; for a harbor basin 35 feet deep, 1,100 feet wide, and with an average length of about 2,000 feet protected by a filled area in addi- tion to the protection afforded by the breakwater. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean 1330 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 lower low water and mean higher high water is about 1.8 feet, the extreme tidal range being about 4 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1930, was $1,197,178, exclusive of $200,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $28,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. 609, 62nd Cong., 2d sess., as modified by the Chief of Engineers). The latest published map is found in the project document. Recommended modification of project. Modifications to the ex- isting project are recommended by the Chief of Engineers in House Document 453, 83d Cong., 2d sess., to provide for deepening the entrance channel to 40 feet below mean lower low water; enlarge- ment of the harbor basin by dredging along its westerly side an additional area 440 feet wide with an average length of 1,230 feet and a depth of 35 feet below mean lower low water; and construc- tion of a revetted-fill area by deposition of dredge spoil between the shore and bulkhead line west of the harbor basin; all generally in accordance with the plans of the district engineer and with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be advisable; at an estimated cost to the United States of $1,121,600 for new work and $5,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required; subject to the condition that local interests agree to: (1) furnish free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and quarrying rights necessary for construction and maintenance of the improvements, and suitable spoil disposal areas for the new work and for subsequent mainte- nance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance of the improvements; (3) contribute in cash a sum sufficient to pay for the total cost of construction of the revetment of the fill area, presently estimated at $38,500; (4) maintain the revetment; (5) provide, maintain, and operate adequate terminal and transfer fa- cilities open to all on equal terms; and (6) operate the improved harbor in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for completed work. Terminal facilities. The Territory of Hawaii owns a reinforced concrete wharf with two sheds thereon. Pipelines for kerosene, gasoline, molasses, and water are available. There is also a plant for storing, handling, and loading bulk sugar. The plant consists of a reinforced concrete and steel storage building with a storage capacity of 28,000 tons, and conveying belts of various widths. The facilities of the harbor are open to all on equal terms and are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $4,153. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in July 1930. The controlling depths in May 1953 were 32.6 feet in the entrance channel and 34.5 feet in the harbor basin. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1331 The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds----------------------------------- $1, 197,178 $332,142 $1, 629,320 Contributed funds ---------------------------------- 200, 000 ---- 200,000 Total--- ---............-----............ 1, 397, 178 332, 142 1, 729, 320 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: ..... Appropriated------- ------- ------------ ------------ ---------- ----------- $1, 197,178 Cost--------- --------------------------------- ------------ ----------- 12 197, 178 Maintenance: Appropriated- ------. $3, 500 $24,956 $4, 006 $3, 450 $5, 000 338,851 Cost-.-------------- 1, 742 2, 930 31, 215 3,010 4,153 2 332,142 SExclusive of contributed funds of $200,000 for new work. 2 Exclusive of $4,187 expended for rock stockpile. 18. PORT ALLEN HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is located in Hanapepe Bay on the south- ern coast of the island of Kauai, about 110 nautical miles northwest of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4108.) Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound breakwater about 1,200 feet long on the east side of the bay; for the dredging of a harbor basin about 1,200 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 35 feet deep; and an entrance channel 500 feet wide and 35 feet deep. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.7 feet, and the extreme tidal range under ordinary conditions is 2.7 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1948, was $752,645 exclusive of $200,000 contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 30,1935 1 Construction of a breakwater 1,200 feet long; dredging H. Doe. 30, 73d Cong., 1st ses. of a harbor basin about 1,000 feet wide, 1,500 feet long, and 35 feet deep; and an entrance channel 500 feet wide and 35 feet deep. Mar. 4,1945 Additional dredging of an area at the northerly side H. Doe. 180, 77th Cong., 1st seas. of the existing project, 200 feet wide, 1,200 feet long, (Contains latest published map.) and 35 feet4eep. 1 Ineluded in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The Territory of Hawaii owns a concrete 1332 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 wharf with a concrete-steel transit shed. The wharf is operated by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners, and is open to shipping on equal terms. Pipelines for oil and molasses and a sugar conveyor are available. The facilities are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $2,521. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in May 1948. The portion of the existing project authorized prior to the modification adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945, was completed in September 1935. The controlling depth in June 1953 was 32.9 feet in the harbor basin. The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds.......--------------------- -------_ 72, 645 $80,865 $153, 510 Public Works funds--------------------------------- 680,000-................ 680, 000 Oontributed funds... ... ... .. . ... .. 200, 000 . .......... . 200,000 Total .... __ . . .... . . . _ _. 952, 645 865 80so, 1,03, 510 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 1 New work: Appropriated--------------------------------------------- $752,645 Cost....--------- ------------ ----------------------------------------------- 752,645 Maintenance: Appropriated $2, 020 $485 $4, 000 $3,100 $5, 000 84,948 .267 Cost----------------- 3,718 1 2,737 2,760 2, 521 80, 865 1 Exclusive of contributed funds of $200,000 for new work. 19. KEEHI LAGOON, T. H. Location. Keehi Lagoon is on the south coast of the island of Oahu, approximately midway between the entrance to Honolulu Harbor and the entrance to Peairl Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 4132 and 4110.) Existing project. This provides for construction of a seaplane harbor as follows: a. Three intersecting runways (designated A, B, and D on proj- ect map), each 10 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, of lengths 2.9 miles, 3 miles; and 2.25 miles, respectively. b. Two rock breakwaters of lengths 2,500 lineal feet and 2,000 lineal feet at the seaward ends of the runways. c. A mooring basin 800 feet long by 400 feet wide by 10 feet deep at the northwesterly side and midway of runway A. (Note. As a wartime measure, the basin was enlarged to 3,000 feet long by 500 feet wide.) d. Installation of a standard seaplane lighting system. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1333 The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.9 feet, and the extreme tidal range under ordinary conditions is 2.3 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1944, was $3,348,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Oct. 17,1940 Construction of a seaplane harbor of 3 intersecting H. Doc. 329, 76th Cong., 1st sass. runways (A, B, and C) each 10 feet deep and 1,000 feet wide, of lengths 2.9 miles, 3 miles, and 1.4 miles, respectively, with 2 protecting breakwaters at the seaward ends thereof; a mooring basin, and stand- ard seaplane lighting system. Mar. 2,1945 Elimination of runway C and protective breakwater H. Doc. 379, 77th Cong., 1st sess. and construction of runway D, about 2.25 miles (Contains latest published map.) long, 1,000 feet wide, and 10 feet deep, with pro- tective breakwater at the seaward end. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. The Act of October 17, 1940, requires that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas as and when required for maintenance. Terminal facilities. Shore facilities are available for servicing of seaplanes and are considered adequate. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $4,873. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in September 1944, except that no work was done on the rock breakwaters at the seaward ends of the runways. The controlling depths in January 1954 were 9.6 feet in runway A, 10 feet in run- way B, and 10 feet in runway D. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $3,348,000 for new work and $41,789 for maintenance, a total of $3,389,789. In addition, $276,674 was paid from funds of the fol- lowing agencies for new work: $92,526, Navy funds; $177,619, Civil Aeronautics Authority funds; and $6,529, military funds. Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------------------- $3,348,000 ------- Cost..---..-------.. ------------------------------------ --------- 3,348, 000 Maintenance: Appropriated--- ...... $6,500 $4, 6141.- $5, 725 $5, 000 41,939 Cost__ 6,336 4,801------------..5,702 4,873 41,789 SExclusive of the respective funds provided by the following agencies: Navy------ $ 92,526 C.A.A...- 177, 619 Military ..- 6, 529 ., Total..... $276,674 1334 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 20. HONOLULU HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the south coast of the island of Oahu, about 2,100 nautical miles from San Francisco. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4109.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 40 feet deep and 500 feet wide; easing the curve where the entrance chan- nel joins the inner harbor; deepening the harbor basin to 35 feet for a general width of 1,520 feet; a depth of 35 feet in the channel connecting Honolulu Harbor with Kapalama Basin, 1,000 feet wide through the first 1,000 feet, thence 600 feet wide for the remaining distance of 2,400 feet; a turning basin in Kapalama Basin 35 feet deep by 1,000 feet wide and 3,000 feet long; and a slip of like depth, 1,000 feet long on the easterly side of pier 39. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.9 feet, and the extreme tidal range under ordinary conditions is 2.3 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1945, was $3,952,363. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1905 Deepening to 35 feet the inner harbor with a general Annual Report 1905, p. 2565. width of 1,200 feet and easing the curve between the entrance channel and the inner harbor. Aug. 8, 1917 For the channel 1,000 feet long-...................- H. Doe. 392, 64th Cong., 1st sess. July 3,1930 Channel connecting Honolulu Harbor and Kapa- H. Doe. 753, 69th Cong., 2d seass. lama Basin. Aug. 80,19351 Enlarging entrance channel to present project dimen- H. Doc. 54, 73d Cong., 1st seas. sions, widening of the harbor basin by 320 feet and the maintenance of the improved 400-foot wide por- tion of the reserved channel. 5 July 24,1946 A depth of 35 feet over the full width of 600 feet H. Doc. 705, 79th Cong., 2d sess. throughout the reserved channel; a turning basin in Kapalama Basin 35 feet deep by 1,000 feet wide and 3,000 feet long; and a slip of like depth 1,000 feet long on the easterly side of pier 39. ' Included in the Public Works Administration program Sept. 6, 1933. aContains latest published map. Recommended modification of project. Modifications to the ex- isting project are recommended in House Document 717, 81st Con- gress, 2d session, to provide for a second entrance channel 35 feet deep below mean lower low water extending seaward from the west end of Kapalama Basin, having a width of 400 feet for 5,850 feet, thence increasing to a width of 1,000 feet in a distance of 4,150 feet; and installation of a pontoon drawbridge or other suitable movable-type bridge across the channel having a minimum clear horizontal draw opening of 200 feet, all generally in accordance with the plan of the district engineer and the comments of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, and with such modifications thereof as in the discretion of the Chief of Engineers may be ad- visable; at an estimated cost to the United States of $2,380,000 for construction and $5,000 annually for maintenance of the navigable channel in addition to that now required; provided that local in- terests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1335 that they will (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damage due to the construction works; and (3) relinquish to the United States, without royalty charge, all salvageable material removed from the channel; and provided further that the Territory of Hawaii take title to the proposed drawbridge after construction and maintain and operate it in accordance with regulations pre- scribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local cooperation. Fully complied with on existing project. Terminal facilities. There are 37 piers and 2 marginal wharves (a 470-foot concrete wharf and a 2,600-foot timber wharf). The Federal Government owns 4 of the piers and the 2 marginal wharves. Of the remaining piers, 15 are owned by the Territory of Hawaii, administered by the Territorial Board of Harbor Com- missioners, and 18 are privately owned. Construction of a new freight terminal at pier 2 by the Territory of Hawaii is in progress to accommodate two C-3-type general cargo vessels and one lum- ber cargo vessel. All piers owned by the Territory and private con- cerns are open to all on equal terms. However, certain piers are reserved for certain commodities such as oil, pineapples, and bulk cement. Pipelines for diesel oil, fuel oil, kerosene, gasoline, dis- tillate, molasses, and water are available. In addition to these facilities, the United States Army started construction of a slip in the northerly side of Kapalama Basin ad- jacent to the storage and terminal facilities in the vicinity of the United States owned piers 39 and 40. The slip is 151 feet wide by 544 feet long on the westerly side, 468 feet long on the easterly side, and 30 feet deep, and is intended for mooring of barges and small vessels only. Work was suspended on August 22, 1945. At that time, dredging was completed, piling was driven, and 450 lineal feet of concrete curtain wall and shelf were in place. There is a definite need for a powder and explosive terminal since existing facilities do not permit the proper handling of this type of cargo. Establishment of an anchorage area in or near by Honolulu Harbor is desired for the mooring of idle craft. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $12,429. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in August 1945. The controlling depths in March 1953 were 40.1 feet in the entrance channel, 33.5 feet in the harbor basin, 34 feet in the connecting channel, and 34 feet in Kapalama Basin. The costs for the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds----------------------------..... $3, 167, 563 $594, 784 $3, 762, 347 Public Works funds- ...----------------------------- 784, 800 ---------------- 784,800 Total------- -------- --------- -------- -------- 3,952363 1 594, 784 1 4,547,147 1336 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June Sing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated --.- - - $3, 952,363 Cost ---- 3, 952,363 Maintenance: Appropriated .-... $1,000 -$3,201 $8,000 $12, 660 $16,000 599,190 Cost-...------------- -- 5,739 3,865 6,310 13,516 12,429 .594,784 21. KAUNAKAKAI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is located centrally on the southern coast of the island of Molokai, about 52 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4121.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a harbor basin about 1,500 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 23 feet deep at mean lower low water. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2 feet and the extreme tidal range for normal conditions is about 2.5 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1934, was $103,200. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was authorized by the Public Works Ad- ministration, September 6, 1933, and adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (H. Doc. 35, 73d Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Fully complied with for new work. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, provides that no ex- pense shall be incurred by the United States in acquiring any lands or easements required for maintenance of the project. Terminal facilities. There is one concrete wharf owned by the Territory of Hawaii, operated by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners, and open to shipping on equal terms. The facili- ties are considered adequate. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $2,359. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in January 1934. The controlling depth in October 1953 was 22 feet in the harbor basin. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were as follows: New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs Regular funds_---- --------------------------------------- $55, 381 $55, 381 Public works funds------------------ ........ $103, 200 ,...---------------..... ---- _-.----.. 143, 200 Total..... 103, 200 .................................. 55, 381 :158,581 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1337 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_ --------- ------ $103, 200 Cost ------------ 103,200 Maintenance: A ppropriated ........ $2,188 - $356 $2,500 $2,800 55,980 Cost-_----- 2,144 ------------------------ 2,342 2,359 55,381 22. KAHULUI HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the north coast of the island of Maui, about 90 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4105.) Existing project. This provides for the extension of a total length of 2,850 feet of the privately constructed rubble-mound breakwater on the east side of the harbor, for a rubble-mound breakwater on the west side with an approximate length of 2,396 feet and for the dredging of a basin in the lee of the east break- water to a depth of 35 feet, mean lower low water, and a maxi- mum width of 1,450 feet. The range of tide between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.4 feet and the extreme tidal range under normal conditions is 3.4 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1931, was $1,778,560. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $54,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 Extending the east breakwater and dredging the H. Doe.593, 61st Cong., 2d sess. basin. July 27,1916 For the west breakwater .................---------------------- H. Doc. 1330, 62d Cong., 3d sess. Jan. 21,1927 Extension of both breakwaters and enlargement of H. Doe. 235, 69th Cong., 1st sess.' the dredged basin. 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are two wharves at the end of the harbor, both owned by the Territory of Hawaii. They are oper- ated by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners, and are open to shipping on equal terms. Pipelines for fuel oil, distillate, kerosene, gasoline, molasses, and water are available. Facilities available for storing and conveying sugar in bulk consist of a 30,000-ton wooden storage building and conveying belts of various widths. Pier No. 1 is being extended to provide more adequate berthing for 2 freighters, and upon completion the facilities will be considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $6,241. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in 1338 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 December 1931. The controlling depth in May 1953 was 30.6 feet in the harbor basin. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $1,778,560 for new work and $1,022,974 for maintenance, a total of $2,801,534. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -----------.----.----.---------------------- ------- ------------ $1, 778,560 Cost------- ----------------------------------------------------------- 1,778,560 Maintenance: Appropriated ......-- -- $5, 360 -$38 $105, 400 -$22, 854 $6, 200 1, 025,661 Cost..----------------- 3,462------------..... 5,033 81,361 6,241 1,022,974 23. KAWAIHAE HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is in Kawaihae Bay, adjacent to the town of Kawaihae, and is on the northwest coast of the island of Hawaii, approximately 45 miles northwesterly from Hilo, island of Hawaii. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4166.) Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel 400 feet wide and approximately 2,900 feet long to a depth of 40 feet; a harbor basin 1,250 feet square to a depth of 35 feet; and a pro- tective breakwater with maximum crest elevation 13 feet above mean lower low water and approximately 4,400 feet long, of which 3,200 feet would be protected with heavy stone revetment. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tides between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.1 feet, and the extreme range under ordinary conditions is 4.5 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $7,030,000. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 311, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The lat- est published map is in that document. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950, requires that local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) furnish without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way and spoil dis- posal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent mainte- nance of the project, when and as required, to include specifically properties landward of the harbor basin and breakwater from the shoreline to the paved public highway; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and sub- sequent maintenance of the project; (3) provide and maintain at their own expense adequate public terminal and transfer facilities open to all on equal terms; and (4) accomplish without cost to the RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1339 United States all necessary alterations in water supply, sewerage, drainage, and other utilities. Responsible local interests have expressed their willingness and ability to cooperate in any harbor development project that may be recommended by the Federal Government at this location. The Territory of Hawaii, by authority of its legislature, would assume through the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners full sponsorship of the project. The Territory has offered (1) to pro- vide all lands and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) to construct all shore structures relative and ger- mane to the improvement of the harbor; and (3) to maintain such structures at Territorial and local expense. The legislature of the Territory, by Act 95 session laws 1947, authorized the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners to expend $1,000,000 for harbor facilities at Kawaihae, upon approval and development of the proj- ect by the Federal Government. The Kohala Sugar Co. would abandon its wholly owned subsidiary, the Mahukona Terminals, Ltd., which represents a substantial investment, and is prepared to participate jointly with other sugar companies to finance the installation of bulk sugar handling facilities at Kawaihae. By Act No. 136 of the 1953 session of the Territorial legislature, the Board of Harbor Commissioners was authorized to provide partial harbor improvements at Kawaihae at a cost of $500,000. Of that amount, $300,000 will be expended for dredging a channel and harbor basin, and $200,000 will be for terminal facilities, lands, and rights-of-way. The dredging plan contemplates a chan- nel 200 feet wide, 1,800 feet long, and 20 feet deep, and a turning basin 450 feet square to the same depth. These facilities would be built so that they could be incorporated in the Federal harbor and would reduce the cost of the Federal project. Act No. 136 was signed by the Governor of Hawaii on May 28, 1953. Con- struction of the Territorial project is now in progress. Terminal facilities. There is one pier approximately 2,200 feet northwesterly from the location of the proposed project. It is 60 feet wide and 104 feet long, and provides 60 feet of wharf front- age and about 1,800 square feet of storage area. An approach to the pier extends 323 feet offshore and consists of a reinforced con- crete substructure, 130 feet of timber decking, and 193 feet of re- inforced concrete slab. There is a light hoist available for han- dling freight, and a cattle chute for handling livestock. The pier is owned and administered by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners and is open to all on equal terms. The existing facilities are considered unsuitable for existing commerce and inadequate to permit year-round trans-Pacific and interisland shipping, and to meet the increasing shipping needs of the communities of the western half of the island of Hawaii. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. No work has been done under the existing project. 1340 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ $50,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 19555---------------------------------------------- 0,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -------------------------------- 6,980,000 24. HILO HARBOR, T. H. Location. This harbor is on the northeast coast of the island of Hawaii, about 195 nautical miles southeast of Honolulu. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 4103). Existing project. This provides for a rubble-mound break- water 10,170 feet long, for the removal of shoals at the entrance to Kuhio Bay to a depth of 35 feet, and for dredging an area in Kuhio Bay 1,400 feet wide, about 2,300 feet long, and 35 feet deep. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The range of tides between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 2.3 feet, and the extreme range under ordinary conditions is 3.2 feet. The cost of new work under the project, completed in 1930, was $3,408,826. The latest (1954) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents --- Mar. 2, 1907 For a rubble-mound breakwater-----------------.... ... Doc. 407, 59th Cong., 2dsess. July 25, 1912 Dredging the entrance to Kuhio Bay without in- H. Doc. 417, 62d Cong., 2d sess. creasing the original limit of cost. Mar. 3, 1925 Extension of the breakwater and dredging in the bay. IH. Doc. 235, 68th Cong., 1st sess.' ' Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are three wharves at the head of Kuhio Bay, owned by the Territory of Hawaii. They are operated by the Territorial Board of Harbor Commissioners, and are open to shipping on equal terms. Pipelines for fuel oil, Diesel oil, distillate, kerosene, gasoline, molasses, and water are available. Facilities available for storing and conveying sugar in bulk con- sist of four 10,000-barrel steel storage tanks and 42-inch convey- ing belts. The facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. As maintenance, condition and operation studies and inspections and reports were made by hired labor at a cost of $2,258. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in RIVERS AND HARBORS-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.; DISTRICT 1341 July 1930. The controlling depth in May 1953 was 34.4 feet in the harbor basin. The costs of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year were $3,408,826 for new work and $1,635,945 for maintenance, a total of $5,044,771. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- Sing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ........ ----------- -------- $3,3,408,826 408,826 Cost---------------------------------------------------------- Maintenance:-- -- - Appropriated _ $31, 586 -$8, 446 $82, 994 -$5, 240 $6, 200 1, 640, 439 Cost..............-----------------. 20, 305 -1 618 80, 116 2, 258 1, 635, 945 25. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Lower San Francisco Bay, Calif.l _......... 1935 1 -...................... 2$450,000 2. Welles Harbor, Midway Island 3__ .----- 1950 $2,488,056 $ 2,111 3. Wake Island Harbor ...----------------------- 1950 - - 4 14,493 3,442,900 1Awaiting local cooperation. SExclusive of $260,000 to be contributed by local interests. 3 Project was 99 percent complete on June 30, 1941. Remaining work will be accomplished by the Department of the Navy. 4 For a hydrographic survey completed in August 1948. 26. RUSSIAN RIVER, CALIF. Location. The Russian River rises in the Coast Range in north- western California, flows southerly for a distance of 87 miles, and then turns westerly to flow for 23 miles to the Pacific Ocean at Jenner, 60 miles northwest of San Francisco, Calif. (For the general location see U. S. Geological Survey map for the State of California.) Existing project. The authorized project provides for the con- struction of the initial stage of the plan of improvement consisting of Coyote Valley Reservoir at mile 1 on the East Fork of the Rus- sian River, and channel stabilization works on the lower 97 miles of the Russian River and on the lower reaches of several tribu- taries. The dam is an earthfill type, with a total length of 4,600 feet, a crest at elevation 785, mean sea level datum, and a height above the stream bed of 150 feet. A paved overflow spillway is to be located adjacent to the right abutment (looking downstream), having a fixed crest at elevation 768 and a crest length of 410 feet. Gated outlet works, located through the dam, will provide capacity 1342 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 to empty the flood-control storage in about 4 days. The dam will create a reservoir having a capacity at spillway crest of 122,000 acre-feet, of which 48,000 acre-feet are reserved for flood control and the remainder for water conservation and siltation. The dam will control runoff from 105 square miles of drainage area. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $16,600,000, ex- clusive of $5,598,000 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance of Coyote Valley Reservoir is $18,900. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 585, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is contained in the project document. Local cooperation. The improvements are subject to the condi- tion that prior to starting construction, local interests shall con- tribute the sum of $5,598,000 in cash in full payment of the con- servation benefits, and shall (1) Furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the channel stabilization works; (2) make all necessary road and bridge revisions and utility alterations and relocations required for the channel stabilization works; (3) ad- just all claims concerning water arising from the construction and operation of the improvements; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (5) maintain the channel stabilization works, after completion, in ac- cordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army; (6) prevent any encroachment on the stream channel which would interfere with the proper functioning of the improve- ments or lessen their beneficial effects; and, (7) enter into an agreement among themselves as to the method of operation of the reservoir for conservation subject to flood control priority. Sonoma and Mendocino Counties have formed flood control and water conservation districts as an initial step toward meeting the requirements of local cooperation. In addition, they have en- gaged consultants to make independent engineering and financial appraisals of the authorized project and to serve as a basis for allocating the required cash contribution between the two counties. Present plans include a referendum in March 1955 on a bond issue to cover the cash contribution. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering and de- sign for the Coyote Valley Reservoir was continued by hired labor at a cost of $200,104 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the project. Engineering and design is approximately 52 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $375,245 for new work. FLOOD CONTROL-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1343 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated - .- - $226,000 $170,000 $396, 000 Cost------------------------------------ 175,142 200,104 375,245 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 __ $3,994 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-...... 150,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_--------------- ______________ 153,994 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ 16,054,000 27. HANAPEPE RIVER, T. H. Location. This river is on the southwest portion of the island of Kauai, T. H., northwest of the town of Hanapepe. Existing project. This provides for construction, along the left bank of the river, of a 370-foot earth levee, commencing at the new Kauai Belt Highway Bridge about one-half mile above the river mouth; thence a 1,720-foot reinforced concrete flood wall extending to the cliffs at the northeast corner of the town of Hanapepe. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $337,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, in accordance with the recommen- dations of the Chief of Engineers in a report submitted to Congress by the Secretary of War on March 15, 1944. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to (1) Furnish lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; (2) bear the expense of all highway alterations, of removing the existing railroad trestle near the river mouth, and of replacing this trestle with a satisfactory structure if replace- ment is required; (3) hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from construction of the works; and (4) main- tain and operate all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. The railroad trestle was removed in 1948. Bill No. 165, resolu- tion No. 152, adopted October 3, 1951, by the IBoard of Supervisors, County of Kauai, providing formal assurance of local cooperation, was accepted by the district engineer March 10, 1952. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, engi- neering and design was continued by hired labor at a cost of $8,859. Sig 43-1343-1374 1344 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the project. Engineering and design is approximately 83 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $24,455 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952I 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ....---- $20, 000 ------------ _ -$7, 271 $8,300 $8, 600 $29,629 Cost-_______ 10,210 $2,457 63 2,867 8,859 24,455 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $4,292 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- _ __-_ _ __ -_-_-_- -_ 4,292 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-- - 307,371 28. KAWAINUI SWAMP, T. H. Location. This swamp is in the southeasterly portion of the island of Oahu, in the Kailua District, 13 miles northeasterly of Honolulu. Existing project. This provides for an unlined tidewater flood channel 9,600 feet long extending from Kailua Bay to the northern end of Kawainui Swamp, 14 to 15 feet deep, and approximately 160 feet wide except for a narrowed section under the highway bridge at Kalaheo Avenue. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $951,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. No. 214, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The latest published map is in that document. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to: (1) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the construction and subsequent maintenance of the project; (2) construct all highway and street bridges, alterations, and other related works made necessary by the construction of the project; (3) hold and save the United States free from any damages resulting from the con- struction and maintenance of the works; (4) maintain and operate all works after completion of the project in accordance with regu- lations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have indicated their willingness to furnish the required items of cooperation and have initiated measures to pro- vide them. At the 1951 session of the Territorial Legislature, the sum of $325,000 was authorized for flood control purposes at Kailua. The Department of Public Works has constructed a con- crete bridge at Kalaheo Avenue at a cost of $90,000. The Depart- ment of Public Works has acquired rights-of-way consisting of a uniform width of 200 feet from the swamp to Kailua Bay. In ad- FLOOD CONTROL-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1345 dition to the required cooperation, local interests have constructed a pilot channel along the alinement of the proposed Federal project for emergency flood relief at a cost of $158,936. Operations and results during fiscal year. As new work, engi- neering and design was continued by hired labor at a cost of $6,985. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been per- formed on the project. Engineering and design is approximately 52 percent complete. The cost of the existing project to the end of the fiscal year was $27,543. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated---------------------------- $28, 000 $ 3,000 $8, 700 $39, 700 Cost- - - ...-.....-......... .- -- 5,213 15,345 6,985 27,543 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__-- - $12,041 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------------------------------------------- 12,041 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ ---------------------------- --- 911,300 29. INACTIVE FLOOD 'CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount projectof Name see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Eel River, Calif.1 ___________________________ 1938 ---------------------------- $865,800 2. Napa River above - - -(Conn - - - Reservoir) - - Creek - - - ........ 100,000 Suscol, Calif. ................. 3. Pajaro River, Calif.'_ - - 1950 -__________________ $748, 283 --.----- 39, 717 4. Salinas River, Calif_-__ - -__ -- - 1952 -__________ 4 89,925 8,000,075 1 Awaiting local cooperation. 2 Authorized by the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, in accordance with H. Doc. 626, 78th Cong., 2d sess. Local interests subsequently constructed a reservoir for domestic water supply at the same site as that proposed by the United States for flood control. Work now contemplated by Federal Govern- ment consists of channel clearing at a cost of $100,000, which is awaiting local cooperation. a Levees on Pajaro River and Corralitos Creek completed. Local interests are not in favor of constructing the authorized Carnadero Creek levee at the present time. 4 For engineering and design, which was approximately 32 percent complete on June 30, 1952. 30. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. During the fiscal year, hired labor costs of $42,932 were incurred in the preparation of preliminary examinations, surveys, reviews, special studies, and cooperative studies authorized by Congress for navigation, flood control, and beach erosion. The expenditures were $33,192 from regular funds and $9,818 from contributed funds, a total of $43,010. 1346 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The balance unexpended June 30, 1954, $19,207, plus an antici- pated allotment of $85,000 for fiscal year 1955, a total of $104,207, will be applied as follows: Accounts payable June 30, 1954 ... . ~$.. ..... -. $728 Examinations, surveys, reviews, special studies, and cooperative studies for navigation, flood control, and beach erosion------...-..-........------------ 103, 479 Total.............----------------------------------------------- 104, 207 Collection and study of basic data. During the fiscal year, flood investigations, flood emergency studies, and collection of rain gage data was accomplished by hired labor at a cost of $5,363. The expenditures were $5,363 from regular funds. The balance unexpended June 30, 1954, $256, plus accounts re- ceivable of $4 and an anticipated allotment of $11,600, a total of $11,860, will be applied to the collection and study of basic data during fiscal year 1955. 31. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED PROJECTS Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended and supplemented, included the requirement that local interests maintain and operate flood control works after com- pletion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1954, completed flood- control projects transferred to local interests for operation and maintenance were inspected by hired labor at a cost of $815. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated _----- .... -._ -- $750 -- $1, 800 $900 $3, 450 Cost -.............--- . 750 - - 1,684 815 3,248 32. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributariesin the interests of flood control (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1954, as new work, snag- ging and clearing of the channels of Alameda Creek tributaries in Livermore Valley, Calif., was completed by contract and an operation and maintenance manual was prepared by hired labor, at a cost of $15,027; an operation and maintenance manual cover- ing work performed on the Salinas River, Calif., during fiscal year 1953 was completed by hired labor at a cost of $503; and en- gineering and design for snagging and clearing lao Stream, T. H., by contract, during fiscal year 1955 was completed by hired labor at a cost of $2,522. The total new work cost during the fiscal year was $18,052. FLOOD CONTROL-SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1347 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -..-- - $39, 000- ... $50, 000 $24,930 $47,186 $297, 366 Cost ....------------ 25,711 $35,420 12,779 59,485 18,052 *249,888 *Total to June 30, 1954, includes $700 cumulative error in total cost of "dropped" accounts which were picked up on general ledgers as of July 1, 1953. Total now reflects cumulative amount shown on Form 3099 dated July 1, 1953, plus costs for fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------------_ $47,478 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------------------------------------------------- 47,478 Emergency bank protection (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). During fiscal year 1954, $5 was expended in payment of costs incurred in connection with revetment, during fiscal year 1953, of the left bank of Redwood Creek, Humboldt County, near United States Highway 101 Bridge at Orick, Calif., which costs were not recorded in fiscal year 1953 finance accounts. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ..... ------------------------------------- $23, 738 I ---------- $23, 738 Cost---------- ---.-------- ------------------------- 23,733 $5 23,738 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress (Sec. 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act). During the fiscal year, a report determining the economic feasibility of constructing a project at Mad River, Blue Lake, Calif., was completed, and engineering and design therefor was initiated, all by hired labor, at a cost of $2,569. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: - Appropriated --.. $98,600 ------- -$24,852 $4,000 $6, 000 $83, 748 Cost----------------- 5,058 $67,406 792 3,003 2,569 78,828 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-------- ----- _ $4,416 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--- -- 4,416 1348 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Flood control emergencies--Repairand flood fighting and rescue work (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supplemental authorizations). During the fiscal year, emergency flood fighting operations were conducted in connection with flooding on northern California coastal streams, and a maintenance manual was prepared cover- ing previously completed emergency levee repairs on Alameda Creek, Calif., all by hired labor, at a cost of $3,150. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated--..------ ....-----------. $20, 000 $62, 641 -$2, 935 $2, 506 $82, 212 Cost_---- ______- . _ 17,641 55,360 6,061 3,150 82,212 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT This district comprises the basins of Suisun Bay and the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers, in California, and Goose Lake in Oregon; the basins of the Great Salt Lake and Sevier Lake, in Utah; and the intervening portion of the Great Basin in northern Nevada and northern California. IMPROVEMENTS Rivers and Harbors Flood Control-Continued Page Page 11. Lower San Joaquin River and 1. Sacramento River, Calif _.....- 1349 tributaries, including Tuo- 2. Suisun Channel, Calif ....... ...... 1356 lumne and Stanislaus Rivers, 3. Suisun Bay Channel, Calif ..-... 1358 ......................--.... Calif ..........----- 1383 4. Old River, Calif ............ 1360 12. Merced County Stream Group, 5. San Joaquin River, Calif ......... 1362 Calif .......................................... 1388 6. Stockton and Mormon Chan- 13. Big Dry Creek Reservoir and nels, Calif .............................. 1368 Diversion, Calif ................... 1392 7. Inactive navigation projects.... 1369 14. Kings River and Tulare Lake, including Pine Flat Reser- Flood Control voir, Calif ........................... 1394 15. Isabella Reservoir, Kern River, 8. Sacramento River and tribu- Calif _ ___ - 1397 taries, California, from Col- 16. Inactive flood control projects_ 1400 linsville to Shasta Dam-.......... 1370 17. General investigations ....... 1400 9. Folsom Reservoir, Sacramento 18. Inspection of completed proj- River Basin, Calif .................. 1374 ects_ ___ 1402 10. Calaveras River and Littlejohn 19. Flood control work under Creek and tributaries, includ- special authorization. -. 1402 ing Hogan and Farmington 20. Scheduling of flood control Reservoirs, Calif.................... 1377 operations __ 1404 1. SACRAMENTO RIVER, CALIF. Location. Sacramento River rises in the Trinity Mountains in north-central California, flows in a general southerly direction about 374 miles and empties into Suisun Bay, an arm of San Fran- cisco Bay, at Collinsville, Calif. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif. Previous projects. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1875, and provided for improve- ment of the low-water channels in the Sacramento River and for snagging and construction of temporary wing dams in the Feather River, a tributary entering the Sacramento River about 16 miles above the city of Sacramento. The project was subsequently modi- fied by the River and Harbor Acts adopted August 2, 1882, Decem- ber 21, 1889, July 13, 1892, and August 18, 1894. These modifica- tions provided for dredging in the Sacramento and Feather Rivers and for restraining barriers (for mining debris) in the Yuba, Bear, and American Rivers, tributaries of the Sacramento River, as an aid to navigation; for improving navigation by repairing 1349 1350 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 damages caused by floods; for a snag boat above Sacramento; removal of obstructions in the lower Sacramento River; further treatment of the Yuba River near and above the city of Marysville and improvement of the navigable channel of the Feather River; and for treatment of the Bear River and construction of a cutoff on the Feather River to avoid Shanghai Bend. For further details see page 1985, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1708, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. The project provides for construction of the Sacramento River Deep Water Ship Channel from deep water in Suisun Bay to Washington Lake, 11/2 miles west of the Sacra- mento River at the city of Sacramento, a distance of 43 miles, con- struction of a harbor and turning basin at Washington Lake, and a connecting canal with navigation lock from the harbor to the Sacramento River. The project also provides for a channel ten feet deep at mean lower low water, 150 to 200 feet bottom width, from Suisun Bay to Sacramento, Calif., a distance of 60 miles; a depth of 6 feet at low water between Sacramento and Colusa, a distance of 85 miles; a depth of 5 feet at low water between Colusa and Chico Landing, a distance of 50 miles; and such depths as practicable between Chico Landing and Red Bluff, a distance of 52 miles. The deep water channel will be formed by widening and deep- ening existing channels for the first 18 miles above Suisun Bay to 6 miles above Rio Vista and excavation of a new channel for the remaining 25 miles to Washington Lake to a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water with a bottom width of 200 to 300 feet, including related confining embankments and such works as may be necessary to compensate for or to alleviate any possible detri- mental effects on salinity of Delta tidal channels which might result from the ship channel. The triangular harbor and turning basin will be formed by deepening and widening Washington Lake to a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water, 2,400 feet by 2,000 feet by 3,400 feet, with provision for future enlargement. The construction of the 11/2-mile long canal 13 feet deep and 120 feet wide between the harbor and the Sacramento River, together with a navigation lock 86 feet wide by 600 feet long, will provide for the transfer of barges between the two different water surface eleva- tions. A single leaf combination highway and railroad bascule bridge will cross the canal at the harbor end of the navigation lock. Local interests will construct, operate and maintain an ade- quate public terminal with necessary utilities and rail and highway connections at the harbor. Above Sacramento the results are to be obtained by removal of snags and concentration of the channel by dredging and wing dams, and by stream-flow regulation by the Shasta Reservoir. The 10-foot channel below Sacramento was completed in 1931 and the 6-foot channel between Sacramento and Colusa was completed in 1946; these channels are to be maintained for local navigation. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1351 The following table shows the tidal and flood conditions pre- vailing: Range in feet Miles from Place mouth of river Mean Extreme Ordinary Extreme tidal ' tidal I flood flood Collinsville--..---_ .........-------------------------- 5. 8 7. 0 8 10 Sacramento__ ------------------------------ 59 2 2. 0 3. 0 20 28 Verona (mouth of Feather River) ..... 80 ----------- Trace 22 30 --------------------------------- Colusa..... ....... 144 26 32 Chico Landing--------------------------- 193 ------------------------- 20 25 Red Bluff ..------------------------------ 246 ....------ _-------- 24 30 1 Mean lower low water to mean higher high water. 2 Tide at low water season only. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $35,300,000 (exclusive of $281,000 Federal cost (Coast Guard) for navigation aides) for the 30-foot deep water ship channel and 13-foot deep connecting canal, and $906,000 for shallow-draft river channels, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The estimated (1954) cost to local interests for new work is $2,870,000 for lands, easements, and rights-of-way, spoil disposal areas for the initial work, and necessary utility changes, exclusive of costs for port facilities. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $205,- 000 for the deep-water channel and 13-foot connecting canal, and $250,000 for shallow-draft channels. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 3,1899 A depth of 7 feet below Sacramento__________________ H. Does. 186, 55th Cong., 2d sess. and 48, 55th Cong., 3d sess. (Annual Report, 1898, p. 2944, and 1899, p. 3171.) 1 July 25, 1912 For work above Sacramento_____________________ ___ H. Doc. 76, 62d Cong., 1st sess. Jan. 21, 1927 The 10-foot channel up to Sacramento.___.__....... H. Doc. 123, 69th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 A depth of 6 feet between Sacramento and Colusa and Rivers and Harbors Committee, 5 feet between Colusa and Chico Landing, at a Doc. 35, 73d Cong., 2d sess. cost of $390,000 provided the flow of the river is increased to the minimum flow of $5,000 cubic feet per second after Shasta Reservoir is built. Do....... Authority for a special direct participation of the Rivers and Harbors Committee Federal Government of $12,000,000 in the cost of Doc. 35, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Shasta Reservoir. Aug. 26, 1937 Transfer of authority for expenditure of the above $12,000,000 from the Secretary of War to the Secre- tary of the Interior. July 24, 1946 Modification of the existing navigation project for S. Doc. 142, 79th Cong., 2d sess. Sacramento River, Calif., to provide for construc- tion of a ship channel 30 feet deep and 200 to 300 feet wide from deep water in Suisun Bay to Washington Lake, including such works as may be necessary to compensate for or to alleviate any detrimental salin- ity conditions resulting from the ship channel; a triangular basin of equal depth, 2,400 feet by 2,000 feet by 3,400 feet at Washington Lake; and connect- ing channel 13 feet deep and 120 feet wide, with lock and draw bridge, thence to Sacramento River. 1 This document contains latest published map of the section above Sacramento. For map of the sec- tion below Sacramento, see H. Doc. 1123, 60th Cong., 2d sess. and S. Doc. 142, 79th Cong., 2d sess. 1352 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Recommended modification of project. In House Document No. 1893, 64th Congress, 2d session, it was recommended that Chico Landing, about 52 miles downstream from Red Bluff, be made the head of the improvement. Local cooperation. The improvement for the deep-water chan- nel is subject to the condition that responsible local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will- (1) Furnish without cost to the United States all lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required and make all necessary utility changes necessary for the construction of the project; (2) Construct, operate, and maintain at the Washington Lake basin an adequate public terminal with necessary utilities and rail and highway connections open to all on equal terms; and (3) Hold and save the United States free from any damages which may arise from construction, operation, and maintenance of the improvement. The Sacramento-Yolo Port District was formed under the laws of the State of California in April 1947 for the purposes of carry- ing out the required local cooperation. A total bond issue of $3,750,000 was authorized by the voters in November 1947, and bonds in the amount of $1,750,000 have been sold to date. The Cali- fornia State Legislature appropriated $750,000 in June 1947 to assist in the acquisition of rights-of-way. The required assurances have been furnished and were approved by the Secretary of the Army on February 3, 1948. Local interests have furnished all lands, rights-of-way, and easements required for project construc- tion purposes to date, and in addition have completed construction of a 500,000-bushel grain elevator together with necessary rail- road, highway, and appurtenant facilities. A master plan covering development of terminal facilities has been prepared for the future development of the port. The current (1954) estimate of cost to local interests for terminal facilities is $5,000,000. The sum of $500,000 was advanced to the United States in June 1949 to accelerate construction, of which $300,000 has been re- turned to the port authority. No local cooperation is required on the shallow-draft feature of the project. Terminal facilities. All of the piers, wharves, and docks at the port of Sacramento are open pile structures with timber decks, some of which are designed to meet the extreme high waters at flood stages. Eleven facilities are located along the east bank, or Sacramento side, of the river, and 10 are on the west bank at Broderick, West Sacramento, and points below. Of the 21 pier, wharf, and dock facilities at the port, 9 are used for receipt of petroleum products, with 955 linear feet of berthing space; 2 are general cargo wharves, with 592 linear feet berthing space and 40,000 square feet of transit shed storage area; 2 are used for the receipt and shipment of sacked rice with 150 linear feet of berth- ing space; and 1 is receiving point for Diesel oil used in the gas and electric power plant with 130 linear feet of berthing space. Four RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1353 facilities, providing 1,620 linear feet of berthing space and com- prised mainly of floats, are used for mooring and servicing recrea- tional craft; the three remaining wharves provide 1,292 linear feet of berthing space but are not operated from the waterside, however, the 39,885 square feet of transit sheds are occupied for storage purposes. These facilities provide a total of 4,739 linear feet of berthing space, with 79,885 square feet of transit sheds, of which 40,000 square feet are available for receipt and shipment of general cargo. All the preceding is for shallow-draft navigation. All the main wharves at Sacramento have rail connections. Mu- nicipal belt railroad tracks serve the shedded wharves from the rear. Ten public warehouses, located within a radius of 31/2 miles from the waterfront, provide 305,000 square feet of space for dry cargo and approximately 3,074,000 cubic feet of space for the cold storage of perishable foods. The amount of storage space at Sacramento varies according to the season of the year owing to the great amounts of rice, fruits, vegetables, and other commodi- ties that are produced in the Sacramento Valley. Thirteen of the waterfront facilities are served by one or more of the four carriers operating in the port area. Two of the carriers are trunk line railroads and two are interurban electric lines operated for freight service; all traverse the rich agricultural areas and provide connections with other transcontinental and local carriers. All waterborne movements to and from the port are transported by shallow-draft river steamers, tank barges, and freight barges, and will continue to be handled thus until such time as the authorized deep-water ship channel is completed. Two grain elevators are located at the port. One, handling rice exclusively, is located on the river at West Sacramento, and is served by two wharves. The elevator, a warehouse, and storage bins have a combined capacity of approximately one million 100- pound sacks of rice. The other elevator, the port district grain elevator, has a capacity of 500,000 bushels of barley, wheat, or other grains in its 12 concrete silos. It is located near Washing- ton Lake, on the site of the new port development to be built upon completion of the deep water channel. The port district elevator is served by rail and highway facilities. Construction of a new rice plant in the port district area is currently under way by the Farmers Rice Growers Cooperative. The first units of the plant will be utilized for rice storage and drying facilities; these facili- ties were completed in time for the 1953-54 crop season. The plant will be enlarged with the addition of a mill next year. The new plant will have a capacity of more than 400,000 one hundred- pound bags of rice and there will be 40 storage bins. Between Sacramento and Chico Landing there are 47 ware- houses and numerous small landings. Several oil companies have recently made major capital investments for the storage of petro- leum products in the vicinity of Colusa. Freight is also handled on the bank. On the river channels, between Sacramento and the mouth of the river, there are, in addition to 1,440 linear feet of wharf with warehouse facilities at Rio Vista, 19 large wharves, about 38 large warehouses, and many small warehouses and land- 1354 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ings all owned and operated by private interests. The facilities below Sacramento, except at Rio Vista, are for shallow-draft navi- gation. They are considered adequate for existing commerce. The total tonnage through the port in 1952 was 1,889,466 tons. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: There were no new work operations on the shallow-draft portion of the project. New work activities for the deep-draft channel to Sacra- mento consisted of office engineering and design studies. Total costs during the fiscal year for new work on the deep-draft channel were $17,702, from funds advanced by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District. Maintenance: Preliminary surveys, preparation of plans and specifications, condition surveys of the channel, miscellaneous minor spoil area maintenance and miscellaneous inspections and reports were accomplished by hired labor during the fiscal year. In addition, maintenance operations were performed as follows: a. Above Sacramento (shallow-draft). Dredging of critical shoals in Sacramento River at various locations from Sacramento to Colusa, by hired labor and rented clamshell dredge, resulted in the removal of 105,490 cubic yards of material from the channel. Snagging and clearing of the channel at scattered locations be- tween Sacramento and Colusa and repairs to wing dams at scat- tered locations between Sacramento and Verona were accomplished by hired labor and rented equipment. b. At and below Sacramento (shallow-draft). Construction of a levee to provide spoil area near Sacramento, by contract, resulted in placement of 201,865 cubic yards embankment. Hired labor and rented clamshell dredge were utilized to remove 11,389 cubic yards of material in Sacramento Harbor at Sacramento. Dredg- ing of shoals in Steamboat Slough, between the mouth of Steam- boat Slough and Walker Landing, by hired labor and rented clam- shell dredge, resulted in the removal of 59,950 cubic yards of material from the channel. A contract suction dredge removed 333,670 cubic yards of material from the Sacramento River at Sacramento, from the M Street Bridge to Y Street Bend, and from the I Street Bridge to mouth of American River. Dredging of shoals in the Sacramento River, from Y Street to Bryte Bend, by contract suction dredge, resulted in the removal of 20,000 cubic yards of material. Total costs for maintenance during the fiscal year for both sec- tions of shallow-draft channels were $326,839. Total costs for all work during the fiscal year were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds.................................... ................ $326, 839 $326, 839 Advanced funds (by Sacramento-Yolo Port District)... $17, 702 ---------------- 17, 702 Total, all funds.................. .........--------------------------------- 17, 702 326, 839 344, 641 Conditionat end of fiscal year. Construction of the 7-foot shal- low-draft below Sacramento was initiated in September 1899 and completed in 1904. The modified 10-foot shallow-draft up to Sacramento was initiated in fiscal year 1928 and completed in 1931. The shallow-draft channel above Sacramento was initiated RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1355 in April 1946. New work on the shallow-draft channel is about 66 percent complete. The work remaining to complete the shallow- draft portion of the project is the provision of a 5-foot depth be- tween Colusa and Chico Landing (50 miles), subject results to be obtained by removal of snags, construction of wing dams, concen- tration of the channel by temporary works, and streamflow regu- lation of 5,000 second-feet by operation of Shasta Reservoir. Construction of the 30-foot deep water ship channel, under the modification authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved July 24, 1946, was initiated in July 1949 and is about 7 percent complete. Construction of road, railroad, and levee embankments in the harbor area was completed by contracts in October 1949 and February 1950. Excavation of the ship channel together with necessary levee reconstruction, mile 14.1 to mile 17.8, by contract, was completed in October 1951. Further new construction has been suspended since that date in accordance with Presidential Directive dated July 21, 1950. Preparation of plans and specifi- cations for the project are about 25 percent complete. Work re- maining to complete the deep-draft portion of the project is construction of the lock with gates and operating equipment, barge canal, bascule bridge, bank protection and levees, channel and turning basin, and pumping plants and drainage facilities. The entire project as modified is about 8 percent complete. The controlling low water season depths were as follows: From the mouth of the river to Sacramento, 8 feet; thence to Colusa, 5 feet; thence to Chico Landing, 2 feet; and thence to Red Bluff, head of navigation, 1.5 feet. The channel is navigable during the entire year; however, there is no regular navigation above Sidds Land- ing, 178 miles above the mouth of the river. Annual maintenance dredging is required in both sections of the shallow-draft channel to remove accumulated shoals caused by settlement of flood borne sand and silt to provide the project depths in satisfactory condition to accommodate navigation requirements. Maintenance was performed in 1952, consisting of bank protection along Ryer Island and Egbert Tract, along the deep-draft channel to repair serious erosion caused by tidal action and wave wash due to construction of the ship channel; however, the erosion is continuing and extension of the bank protection work on the Egbert Tract levee will ultimately be necessary. The total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds: Shallow-draft ----..........-----.....--------....----------------- $585, 436 $6, 138, 810 $6, 724, 246 30-foot channel ............. --........ __........... 2, 308, 758 124, 496 2, 433, 254 1 States funds---........... Total United __. __.. 2, 894, 194 6, 263, 306 9, 157, 500 Advanced funds: 30-foot channel--- --......................---- - - 133, 054 --..-..---. ---. - 133, 054 Contributed funds (nonproject): 2 30-foot channel----- . ___..............................._ 172, 109 ................ 172,109 Total, all funds __---................................ 3, 199, 357 6, 263, 306 9, 462, 663 SFunds advanced to the United States by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District. 2 Miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished for the Sacramento-Yolo Port District at its expense in connection with excavation of the ship channel and necessary levee reconstruction cost. 1356 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954,1 includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19541 New work: Appropriated-_ _---- $1, 700,000 $ 263,000 $ 8,819---- 2 3$3, 079,392 Cost-- 671,280 1, 510,456 $17,760 10,000 ------------ 3 3, 079,392 Maintenance: Appropriated . 183, 000 172,079 330, 784 286, 972 467, 200 47,042, 708 Cost-_ -- 205,534 137,115 188,684 380,993 326, 839 5 6,817,026 1 Includes $185,198 fornew work and $553,720 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 Includes $585,436 for existing shallow-draft project and $2,308,758 for deep-draft project; these amounts are exclusive of funds advanced by the Sacramento-Yolo Port District for the deep-draft channel, which are listed on a separate summary. 3 In addition, $172,109 was expended from contributed funds for miscellaneous construction and engineer- ing and design services (non-project) accomplished at the expense of the Sacramento-Yolo Port District in connection with acquisition of rights-of-way and utility alterations. 4 Includes $6,364,492 for existing shallow-draft project and $124,496 for deep-draft project. 5 Includes $6,138,810 for existing shallow-draft project and $124,496 for deep-draft project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project____ __ __ $33,311,806 Cost and financial summary ADVANCE FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: Appropriated-..... $400,000 1 000 $200, -- -$200, 000 Cost-- $112,305 $3,047 $17,702 133,054 1 Refund to advanced funds. 2 To be refunded to Sacramento-Yolo Port District from future project appropriations. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__------------ $66,728 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_______ ___ 66,728 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ _ ._ 2 200,000 2. SUISUN CHANNEL, CALIF. Location. Suisun Channel is the project channel in Suisun Slough, a tidal inlet with its mouth on the northwest side of Suisun Bay, about 7 miles northeast of Benicia and 36 miles northeast of San Francisco. The head of navigation is at the town of Suisun, about 13 miles north of the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5534.) Existing project. This provides for dredging a channel 8 feet deep at mean lower low water from Suisun Bay to and in the basin at the town of Suisun, about 13 miles in length, straightened by four cutoffs in the upper portion; channel widths to be 200 feet in the bar channel, 100 feet in the cutoffs, and a minimum of 125 feet in the remaining parts of the project channel; widening four bends located 5, 512, 7 L, and 1212 miles below Suisun; the removal of ledge rock from the channel at a location about 312 miles below Sui- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1357 sun; and a 1,400 by 150-foot harbor at Suisun, with an extension for a turning basin 275 feet wide and 600 feet long. The range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 5 feet during the low water season, with an extreme range of 10 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the project, completed in 1947, was $217,677, and the latest (1953) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25, 1910 To secure a channel up to Suisun, 6 feet deep at low H. Doc. 1110, 60th Cong., 2d sess. water, by dredging and making a cutoff just below the town. Mar. 4,1913 Pursuant to this act the project was modified by the Assistant Secretary of War to provide for dredging a channel 125 feet wide on the bottom and 6 feet deep, mean lower low water, up to and including a harbor 6 feet deep, 150 feet wide, and 1,400 feet long in front of the town of Suisun, and the removal of a rock about 3% miles below the head of navigation. Aug. 26,1937 Depth of 8 feet with a width of 200 feet in the bar chan- Rivers and Harbors Committee nel and 100 feet in cutoffs; widening 4 bends below Doc. 97, 74th Cong., 2d sess. Suisun; removal of ledge rock and extension of the (Contains latest published map.) harbor at Suisun to provide a turning basin. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way and suit- able spoil disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance, undertake any necessary reconstruction of the powerline crossing over the proposed cutoff near Suisun, and provide at Suisun ade- quate public terminal facilities subject to the approval of the Chief of Engineers. These requirements have been fulfilled except for the public terminals, which will be completed when materials are available at reasonable cost. Terminal facilities. There are three wharves in the city of Suisun, with a total of 600 feet of berthing space. There is also warehouse space of 33,500 square feet, and an oil storage terminal. These are all privately owned and operated, and will be increased in compliance with the provisions of local cooperation, as land has been purchased, financing arranged, and plans have been prepared for construction when materials are available at reasonable cost. Certain facilities are in use for military purposes. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Oper- ations during the year consisted of preliminary surveys, condition surveys of the channel, and miscellaneous inspections and reports, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. Total costs during the fiscal year were $1,223 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The construction of new work was initiated in March 1912; improvement of the channel modifi- cation authorized in 1937 was initiated in May 1946 and completed in June 1947. The channel is navigable during the entire year; head of navigation is in the town of Suisun, Calif., about 400 feet above Sacramento Street. The controlling depth is 7 feet in the channel and harbor basin at mean lower low water. Maintenance dredging is required to remove accumulated shoals to assure ade- 1358 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 quate project depths. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1954, were $291,184 of which $217,677 was for new work and $73,507 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ....3 0 , 195 4 , in c lu d - ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: Appropriated_ ---------------------- ------------------------ $217,677 Cost_-------- ------------------------------------------------------------ 217,677 Maintenance: Appropriated -------. $2,000 -$3, 215 $10, 000 $4, 800 $1,000 73,507 Cost ------------ 10,000 4,577 1, 223 73,507 3. SUISUN BAY CHANNEL, CALIF. Location. Suisun Bay is about 30 miles northeast of San Fran- cisco, Calif., and is an integral part of the waterways which provide access to the Pacific Ocean from inland ports of California. Sacra- mento and San Joaquin Rivers flow to a junction and empty into Suisun Bay near Collinsville, and New York Slough, a distributary of San Joaquin River, leads to the head of Suisun Bay at Pittsburg, Calif. The port of Sacramento is situated on the Sacramento River about 60 miles north of Collinsville; the city of Stockton is on the San Joaquin River about 40 miles above Pittsburg and access to the city has been provided by Stockton Deep Water Channel, an artificial cut extending from the river about 21/4 miles into the city. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5534.) Previousproject. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919, provided for a channel 300 feet wide from Martinez to Antioch, Calif., 24 feet deep across the lower shoal near Bulls Head Point, 20 feet deep across Point Edith and Middle Ground Shoals, and 18 feet deep through New York Slough; all depths refer to mean lower low water. Local interests were required to contribute toward the first cost of construction and to provide spoil area together with the required impounding levees. For further details, see page 1756 of Annual Report for 1920, page 1562 of Annual Report for 1926, and page 1714 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 300 feet wide and 30 feet deep through Bulls Head Point, Point Edith, and Middle Ground Shoals to the mouth of New York Slough, a distance of about 13 miles, and for a channel 250 feet wide and 20 feet deep south of Seal Islands from the main channel at Point Edith, mile 3, to the main channel again at Bay Point, mile 6. All depths refer to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 6 feet. The ex- treme range is about 9.5 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the existing project, com- pleted in 1934, exclusive of work accomplished under the public works program as part of the San Joaquin River 30-foot project, was $142,026, and the latest (1953) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $75,000. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1359 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents' Jan. 21, 1927 For a 26-foot channel through the bay-....... ..--.. H. Doc. 554, 68th Cong., 2d sess. July 3, 1930 The 30-foot channel across Bulls Head Point Shoal Rivers and Harbors Committee and for the 20-foot channel south of Seal Islands. Doc. 23, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 19352 A 30-foot channel through Bulls Head Point, Point Senate committee print, 73d Cong., Edith, and Middle Ground Shoals to the mouth of 1st sess. (San Joaquin River and New York Slough. Stockton Channel, Calif.). 1 The latest published map is in Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 4, 70th Cong., 1st sess. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. Along the channel between the western end of the bay and mouth of New York Slough, there are 3 wharves and 2 car-ferry slips, all privately owned and used. Also, a naval magazine with wharves and warehouses has been constructed at Port Chicago, on the southern shore (mile 6). These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Oper- ations during the year accomplished by hired labor included pre- liminary surveys, preparation of plans and specifications, miscel- laneous inspections and reports, and condition surveys. The Government-owned hopper dredge Hyde was utilized during Octo- ber and November 1953 to remove 237,129 cubic yards of material in maintenance dredging at scattered locations in Suisun Bay Channel. Further shoal removal of 59,090 cubic yards of material was accomplished in Carquinez Straits for Sacramento District under the direction of San Francisco District personnel by the dredge Hyde. Total costs for maintenance during the fiscal year were $69,909. Condition at end of fiscal year. New work under the existing project was initiated in June 1930 and completed in 1934; a por- tion of this work was accomplished under the public works pro- gram. The portion of the existing project authorized prior to the public works program was completed in 1931 except for deepening the 26-foot channel across Bulls Head Point Shoal to 30 feet; this portion was subsequently included in the public works program. Work under the public works program was accomplished during 1933 and 1934. The channel is navigable during the entire year and provides access to San Francisco Bay from the navigation channels of San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers. The controlling depth at mean lower low water in the main channel is 28 feet, and in the channel south of Seal Island is 14 feet. Annual dredging is required to maintain the project depth and width in a satis- factory manner without undue interference to essential navigation requirements. Total costs for the existing project to June 30, 1954, exclusive of the work performed under the public works program at a cost of $207,198 as a part of the San Joaquin River 30-foot project, were $1,030,540, of which $142,026 was for new work and $888,- 514 for maintenance. 1360 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 12 New work: Appropriated . ---- ---- - 3 $200,928 Cost--------------- - 3 200, 928 Maintenance: Appropriated - 9 000 $71, -$381 $62, 000 $66, 875 $69, 900 948, 487 Cost 69,023 16,310 64,180 66, 710 69,909 948,331 1Includes $58,901 for new work and $59,817 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $59,551 for new work and $5,449 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds for the previous project. 3 Exclusive of work accomplished under existing project at a cost of $207,198 from Public Works Admin- istration funds allotted to San Joaquin River. 4. OLD RIVER, CALIF. Location. Old River is the most westerly branch of the inter- connecting tidal channels into which the San Joaquin River divides in crossing its delta. It leaves the main river 21/2 miles downstream from the Mossdale State Highway Bridge, or 131/2 miles above the mouth of Stockton Channel, and flows westerly and northerly 32 miles to its lower confluence with the main river, 23 miles above its mouth in Suisun Bay. Existing project. This project extends along Old River from its mouth near Venice Island to its source in the San Joaquin River near Mossdale and provides for a side channel 10 feet deep and 80 feet wide to Santa Fe wharves and Phillips cannery at Orwood; for channels 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Grant Line Canal west of Doughty Cut, 10 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the westerly end of Doughty Cut to the Holly Sugar factory, 2 miles north of Tracy, 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide from the southerly end of Doughty Cut to head of Old River, and 6 feet deep and 80 feet wide in Old River from the westerly end of Grant Line Canal to Lammers Ferry Road; and for entrances 8 feet deep and 80 feet wide to Fabian-Bell Canal at its westerly end and also westerly of Grant Line Bridge. All depths are referred to mean lower low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the head of Old River is about 3 feet; and at its mouth about 5.5 feet; ordinary flood ranges are, respectively, 16 feet and 8 feet; extreme flood ranges are, respectively, 20 feet and 11 feet. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $86,000 and the latest (1953) approved estimate for annual (Federal) cost of maintenance is $35,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 151, 75th Cong., 1st sess.). This document contains the latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish with- out cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way and suit- able spoil disposal areas for new work and for subsequent mainte- nance as necessary, and to agree to provide public landings satis- factory to the Chief of Engineers on each side of the proposed channel in the Old River near Lammers Ferry Road and on the RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1361 Fabian-Bell Canal west of Grant Line Bridge. Spoil disposal areas have been provided for those channels so far completed. Comple- tion of the project is being held in abeyance pending fulfillment of all requirements for local cooperation. Terminal facilities. The Santa Fe Railroad has a warehouse and wharf at Orwood for transfer of farm produce from boat to rail. The Phillips cannery at Orwood has similar facilities. The Holly Sugar Co. refinery and terminal near Tracy has a large wharf and an unloading basin with three mechanical unloading and conveying units connecting with a warehouse; there is also a passing basin one-half mile downstream. There are about 100 private bank landings along the project channels; some have sheds for storage. These are all privately owned and operated. Public landings should be provided as set forth above under "Local cooperation." Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Oper- ations during the year consisted of miscellaneous inspections and reports, maintenance of gages and gage readings, and condition surveys of the channel, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. In addition, removal of 90,342 cubic yards of material at scattered locations in Old River, Grant Line Canal, and con- necting channels leading to Holly sugar factory, was accom- plished by hired labor and hired clamshell dredges Neptune and California. Total costs during the fiscal year were $33,702 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The construction of new work was initiated in fiscal year 1939; the project is about 28 percent complete. Work remaining to complete the project includes com- pletion of the project channels up to and at Orwood; in Fabian- Bell Canal, in Grant Line Canal, from Grant Line Canal to the head of Old River in San Joaquin River, and in the original chan- nel of Old River from Grant Line Canal up to the Lammers Ferry Road, when the remaining requirements for local cooperation, in- cluding rights-of-way, spoil area, and public landings have been fulfilled. However, local interests have not shown any interest in the remaining part of the project. Existing commerce does not indicate a need for completion of the remaining channel con- struction. The channel is navigable during the entire year and provides the only avenue of water transportation from the delta islands to certain agricultural processing plants. It is necessary to perform annual maintenance dredging to maintain full channel dimensions in order to accommodate the using traffic. The two heads of navigation are at the head of Old River in San Joaquin River, and at the Holly sugar factory wharf, 2 miles north of Tracy. The controlling depths at the end of the fiscal year were: From the mouth of the river to Orwood, 11 miles, 10 feet; thence to the lower end of Grant Line Canal, 10 miles, 10 feet; thence (1) to Holly sugar factory near Tracy, 6 feet (low water season), or (2) to head of Old River in San Joaquin River, 5 feet (low water season). All depths refer to mean lower low water. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1954 were $304,592, of which $23,185 was for new work and $281,407 for maintenance. 1362 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: --------------- Appropriated_ --------------------------------------------- $ 23,185 Cost....-------------------- ----------------------------- ------ ------------ 23,185 Maintenance: Appropriated-----... $25, 000 $28, 184 -$1, 997 $21, 003 $34, 400 282, 105 Cost------------ 45,423 29,238 ------------ 21,003 33,702 281,407 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ___ ated for completion of existing project_----------- ------------ $62,815 5. SAN JOAQUIN RIVER, CALIF. Location. San Joaquin River rises in east Central California in the Sierra Nevada about 25 miles southeast of the Yosemite Valley and flows southwesterly to the town of Mendota, thence northerly to its confluence with Sacramento River about 48 miles northeast of San Francisco to empty into Suisun Bay near Collinsville, Cali- fornia. Total length of the river is about 340 miles. Near the mouth, a distributary channel, New York Slough, 3 miles long, leads to the head of Suisun Bay at Pittsburg; thence a deep chan- nel extends through this bay and others to San Francisco. The city of Stockton is on the east side of San Joaquin River about 40 miles above Pittsburg and access to the city has been provided by Stockton Ship Channel, an artificial cut extending from the river about 21/4 miles into the city. (See U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Sheet No. 5527.) Existing project. This improvement, as authorized by the River and Harbor Acts through May 17, 1950 (Public Law 516, 81st Congress), provides for a channel 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and for channel bottom width of 400 feet below Criminal Point (near river mile 25) and 225 feet above that point, from the mouth of New York Slough to Mormon Channel at Stockton, a distance of 41 miles (suitably widened at bends and at the en- trances to New York Slough and to channels through shoals, with levees set back 230 feet from the center of the channel) ; for a channel 30 feet deep and 150 feet wide thence to Weber Point, 1 mile; for a 9-foot depth, thence to the head of navigation at El dorado Street, one-half mile; for a 9-foot depth at Fremont Chan- nel and McLeod Lake, arms of Stockton Channel; and for a chan- nel 9 feet deep and 100 feet wide in Mormon Channel from its mouth to Washington Street, head of navigation, about 1 mile. It also provides for suitable passing basins and a turning basin 30 feet deep, 960 feet wide and 1,900 feet long at Stockton; for a turning basin 30 feet deep, 600 feet wide and 1,350 feet long adjacent to Rough and Ready Island; for a triangular shapeid RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1363 settling basin 30 feet deep and average side length of about 1,000 feet at the San Joaquin River just above its junction with the deep water channel (mile 42) and a second settling basin 30 feet deep, 100 feet wide and 1,200 feet long adjoining the deep water channel at the mouth of Calaveras River; for dredging an addi- tional settling basin 17 feet deep, 600 feet wide and 2,000 feet long on San Joaquin River above the head of Burns Cutoff; for a leveed channel 30 feet deep and 225 feet wide around Rough and Ready Island including construction of a combination railroad and high- way bridge; for the reconstruction to grade and section of about 4,000 feet of levee along the north side of Venice Island Cut, and the setting back of levees where required for channel improve- ments and for other levee changes and levee protective works below Stockton; for cutting off sharp bends and making cutoffs in the river; for filling Mormon Channel and Mormon Slough above Washington Street with dredge spoil insofar as is economically feasible; for partial closing of side channels at Laird Slough and Paradise Cut by weirs to confine the low water flow to one main channel; and for snagging, removing overhanging trees, and con- structing brush wing-dams from the mouth of Stockton Channel to Hills Ferry, 86 miles, to facilitate light-draft navigation on this part of the river during higher stages of water. The following table shows the tide and flood conditions pre- vailing: Range in feet Miles from Place mouth of river Mean Extreme Ordinary Extreme tidal 1 tidal' flood flood Collinsville ..------------------------------- 0 5. 8 7. 0 8 10 Mouth of Stockton Channel- 40 3. 2 4.5 9 11 Mossdale Bridge-_ 56 1. 5 2. 5 17 22 Hills Ferry-_ - ___ _ 126 _------------------------ 12 16 t Mean lower low water to mean higher high water. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $13,000,000. Non-Federal costs required for the project construction are estimated (1954) at $3,267,500, exclusive of the cost of suitable terminals and related facilities, comprising the cash contribution of $1,837,500 toward the construction cost; pro- vision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way; provision of suit- able spoil-disposal areas for new work; and accomplishment of necessary utility relocations and alterations. Maintenance of the channel to project depths after completion is the responsibility of the Federal Government. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $175,000. 1364 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents I I Aug. 14, 1876 These acts provided for cutting off sharp bends and Mar. 3, 1881 making cutoffs in San Joaquin River below the July 5, 1884 mouth of Stockton Channel; dredging Mormon Aug. 11, 1888 Channel; snagging, removing obstructions, and con- July 13, 1892 structing wing dams in San Joaquin River from Aug. 18, 1894 Stockton Channel to Hills Ferry; and the partial June 3, 1896 closing of side channels at Laird Slough and Para- dise Cut, without adopting any specific dimensions. June 25, 1910 A 9-foot channel up to Stockton_...............__...._ H. Doc. 1124, 60th Cong., 2d sess. July 25, 1912 Improvement of Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake H. Doc. 581, 62d Cong., 2d sess. at Stockton. Jan. 21, 1927 A 26-foot channel up to Stockton_...."............... H. Doc. 554, 68th Cong., 2d sess.' Aug. 30, 19352 The original 30-foot channel up to Stockton-......... Senate committee print, 73d Cong., 1stsess. Aug. 26, 1937 The widened 30-foot channel up to Stockton-.......... '] Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 15, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' May 17, 1950 Modification of the navigation project to provide for H. Doc. 752, 80th Cong., 2d sess. construction of a new turning basin adjacent to Rough and Ready Island; widen existing turning basin at Stockton; enlargement of Stockton Channel between existing turning basin and Weber Point; construction of leveed channel, as necessary, around Rough and Ready Island, including construction of a combination railroad and highway bridge; dredging a settling basin on San Joaquin River above the head of Burns Cutoff; elimination of dredging of a portion of Mormon Channel; filling of a portion of Mormon Channel and Mormon Slough; and for levee changes and levee protective works below Stockton. 1 Contains latest published maps. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. Local cooperation. All requirements for work accomplished to date under the authorization of the River and Harbor Acts through August 26, 1937, have been complied with. In accordance with those acts, local interests were required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil disposal areas for new work and for subsequent maintenance; contribute $1,307,500 toward the first cost of the dredging for the 26-foot project; provide terminal facilities; and assume mainte- nance of the levees. In accordance with the River and Harbor Act of May 17, 1950; local interests are required to (1) except for the new turning basin, furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil disposal areas for the new work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) agree to accept ownership of the combined rail and highway bridge upon completion of construction, together with mainte- nance, operation, and future replacement or alteration as may be required, provide and maintain any other bridges required over the waterway, and accomplish all necessary utility relocations and alterations and the maintenance thereof; (3) contribute pro- gressively as the project is constructed, at such rate as is satis- factory to the Secretary of the Army, a total of $530,000 in cash toward the cost of new work of the improvement; (4) prior to enlargement of Stockton Channel and construction of the channel around Rough and Ready Island, agree to provide, maintain, and operate suitable terminal and related facilities at the site of the improvement under consideration; (5) agree to continue to main- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1365 tain the levees along the deep water channel including those pro- vided with bank protection by the Federal government and those bordering the improved channel around Rough and Ready Island; and (6) agree to hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from construction, maintenance, and operation of the proposed improvements. The necessary assurances for compliance with the above requirements of the 1950 authorization will be requested from local interests upon completion of detailed project plans. Terminal facilities. The harbor facilities at the Port of Stock- ton, Calif., consist of 55 piers, wharves and docks which are located along the San Joaquin River and on the Stockton, Mormon, and Fremont Channels. With the exception of four facilities on the San Joaquin River and three on Mormon Channel, all facilities are located on Stockton Channel or in proximity thereto. Nearly half of the port's water terminals are bulkhead-type shore wharves with sufficient depths of water to accommodate ordinary river craft; the ocean terminals are concrete marginal wharves; and the remainder are generally open pile, timber-decked piers, shore wharves, or offshore wharves. General cargo facilities (6 in number) and petroleum handling facilities (7 in number), are indicative of the foremost items of waterborne commerce handled at the port. The harbor facilities include a marine service station, facilities for handling creosote, treated piling, fruits, vegetables, ore and other bulk materials. About one-half of the waterfront facilities are owned by the city of Stockton and are under the jurisdiction of the Stockton Port District, governed by the board of port commissioners. The Stockton Port District is the agency operating the Stockton Ocean terminal, comprised of seven public wharves and a bulk-material wharf providing 3,335 feet of berthing space in depths of 28 and 29 feet, mean lower low water, with approximately 303,400 square feet of transit sheds, as well as 508 feet of open wharf. Eight oceangoing vessels can be accommodated at one time at the public ocean terminal. The transit sheds are provided with rail con- nections by the Stockton public belt railroad. The port also owns and operates five storage warehouses with a total of 799,420 square feet of storage area available for public merchandise, equipped with portable mechanized handling equipment and served by trackage of the belt railroad, adjacent to the public ocean terminal which includes a cotton warehouse and compress with 246,400 square feet of floor area and a grain terminal. The grain terminal has a floor area of 185,140 square feet and a cubical capacity of 3,41.4,600 feet. It has a storage capacity of 2,500 tons of loose barley in 15 laminated wood bins, and space for approximately 35,000 tons of sacked grain. Bulk shipments are transferred to vessels by overhead conveyors having a maximum capacity of 250 tons of bulk grain or 50 tons of sacked grain per hour. Approximately 1,000,000 square feet open storage space is avail- able at Stockton Port District public wharves for commodities not affected by weather conditions. The open storage space is readily accessible to trucks and is served by trackage of the belt railroad. Portable handling equipment and a 121/-ton locomotive crane 1366 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 195.4 serve the storage areas on the port district property. Certain facilities at the Stockton port terminal are in use for military purposes. A naval supply depot (Stockton annex) has been com- pleted on Rough and Ready Island, bounded by the Stockton deep water channel on the north side, San Joaquin River on the east side, and !Burns Cutoff on the south and west sides. Shallow-draft facilities on the upper channel include 12,500 linear feet of wharves of which 8,620 linear feet are privately operated, the remainder being operated by the Stockton Port District. Included along these wharves are 341,600 square feet of transit sheds and 225,370 square feet of storage warehouses. There are two privately owned cold-storage warehouses located on Mormon Channel with a total storage capacity of 1,582,750 cubic feet, of which 1,124,750 cubic feet are available for public storage. The port owns and operates the belt-line railroad, which connects with three transcontinental railroads and serves all facilities in the area; highway trucks are afforded easy access by paved streets and roads. An excellent system of improved highways connects the port with the Pacific coastal areas, as well as the surrounding agricultural area. Downstream from Stockton, the traffic is accommodated by bank landings and sheds, except at Antioch and near Pittsburg, where there are wharves for shallow and deep draft vessels. The terminal transfer facilities at the public ocean terminal of the port of Stockton are adequate for the present and immediate future. The 1952 tonnage reported in and out by the port of Stockton was nearly 2,000,000 tons. Of this amount, over 1,000,- 000 tons constitute deep draft cargo and the balance barge traffic. There has been a sustained annual growth of traffic in and out of the port of Stockton. The port has expanded its loading and storage facilities to handle iron ore brought in by rail from Nevada; it is expected that this item will reach 1,000,000 tons a year. It is expected that construction of the facilities authorized by the 1950 River and Harbor-Flood Control Act will be required in the relatively near future to accommodate the additional re- quirements of industry and commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: None. Maintenance: Operations during the year included condition sur- veys of the channel, maintenance of gages and gage readings, preparation of plans and specifications, and miscellaneous field reconnaissance and reports, all of which were performed by hired labor; and the removal of 292,831 cubic yards of material at scat- tered locations in San Joaquin River near Antioch, Calif., by the utilization of the Government-owned hopper dredge Hyde. Total costs during the fiscal year were $62,425 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 32 percent complete. Construction of the project was initiated in December 1877; further modifications were subsequently author- ized and accomplished. The 9-foot channel up to Stockton, au- thorized in 1910, was initiated in 1915 and completed in 1923. Improvement of Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake, authorized RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1367 in 1912, was accomplished in 1914. Dredging of the 26-foot chan- nel up to Stockton, authorized in 1927, was initiated in 1930 and completed in 1933. The original 30-foot channel up to Stockton, which was included in the Public Works program under the National Industrial Recovery Act and subsequently authorized in 1935, was accomplished during 1934 and 1935. Dredging of the widened 30-foot channel, authorized in 1937, was initiated in 1938 and completed in October 1940; Mormon Channel was dredged from the junction with Stockton deep water channel to a point near Washington Street Bridge at Stockton in 1948. There has been no new work accomplished since that date. All work authorized prior to May 1950 is complete except for the dredging above the south line of Main Street in Stockton to a depth of 9 feet; local interests have advised that dredging above the south line of Main Street will not be required. The turning basin in Stockton Channel is 960 feet wide and has a length of 1,900 feet along the northerly edge, tapering to 1,100 feet along the southerly edge. The controlling depth from mouth of the river in Suisun Bay to Mormon Channel, 41 miles, is 28 feet; thence to Edison Street, three-quarters of a mile, 22 feet; and thence to head of Eldorado Street one-half mile, 9 feet. A 9-foot depth is available in Mormon Channel, up to Main Street, 0.9 mile; thence 2 feet to Center Street, head of navigation; and 9 feet in Fremont Channel and McLeod Lake. All depths are referred to mean lower low water. The channel is navigable during the entire year. The river, from its junction with Stockton Channel to the Moss- dale Bridge (16 miles), usually has a controlling depth of 4 feet from April to June, inclusive, and from Mossdale Bridge to Hills Ferry (70 miles), head of navigation, the usual controlling depth is 3 feet from April to June, inclusive. Navigation in the section above the San Joaquin Bridge (Southern Pacific Railroad crossing) is impracticable in the low stages after June. New work remaining to complete the project consists of the con- struction authorized by the River and Harbor-Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, for modification of the navigation project. Annual maintenance dredging is required for removal of ac- cumulated shoals caused by settlement of flood borne sand and silt to provide the project depths in satisfactory condition to ac- commodate general and defense navigation requirements. The total costs for the project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States: Regular.-- - ------------------ ---------------- $2, 851, 590 $3, 208, 409 $6, 059, 999 Public works..___.--------------------- - ------ 1,158, 348 _-- - 1 1, 158,348 Total United States funds - ---------- 4, 009, 938 3, 208, 409 7, 218, 347 Contributed........... ---- ------------------- 1, 307, 500 1, 250 1, 308, 750 Total, all funds ....--....------------------------ 5, 317, 438 3, 209,659 8, 527, 097 1 Includes $207,198 for the 30-foot channel in Suisun Bay Channel. 1368 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to1954 1 New work: Appropriated ... -$966 ..... ..... ...- --- -------- ------------.. 2 $4,009,938 Cost...-------- ---------------------------------------------------------.... 4,009938 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $108,000 $238, 749 $299, 446 $146, 550 $51, 600 3,208, 843 Cost - - -- --- 62, 039 314,509 293,548 146,584 62,425 3,208,409 I In addition $1,307, 500 for new work and $1,250 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 2 Includes $1,158,348 from Public Works funds, of which $207,198 was for the 30-foot channel in Suisun Bay Channel. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount heeded to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_ _----------------- .$8,990,062 6. STOCKTON AND MORMON CHANNELS (DIVERTING CANAL), CALIF. Location. This is an artificial cut located about 3 miles east of Stockton, Calif., which extends northwesterly about 41/2 miles to intersect the original Calaveras River Channel near the north- east corner of the city of Stockton. (See U. S. Geological Survey Sheet, Stockton quadrangle.) Existing project. This provides for diverting the waters of Mormon Slough before reaching Mormon and Stockton Channels for the purpose of preventing deposits of material in the navigable portions of Stockton and Mormon Channels. The results were obtained by construction of a dam in the slough 3 miles east of Stockton, and a canal 150 feet wide, with average cut of 8 feet, thence to the north branch of the Calaveras River, 4.63 miles; by the enlargement of the cross section of this branch to 1,550 square feet, thence to its mouth at San Joaquin River, 5 miles; and by the construction of a levee along the west side of the canal and the south side of the north branch of the Calaveras River from the material excavated. The height of the levee is limited by necessary railway and highway crossings to about 3 feet above the contemplated flood surface. The canal is empty during the greater part of the year, but at times of extreme flood there is a depth of about 12 feet, and at ordinary flood a depth of about 10 feet. The total Federal cost of new work for the project, completed in 1923 was $253,151, and the latest (1953) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is $8,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 152, 55th Cong., 3d sess., and Annual Report for 1899, p. 3188). The latest published map is in House Document 256, 63rd Congress, 1st session. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. See report on San Joaquin River, Calif. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Oper- ations during the year consisted of condition inspections and studies, field reconnaissance, and miscellaneous reports, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. In addition, clearing at scattered locations along the banks of Calaveras River and the RIVERS AND HARBORS-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1369 Diverting Canal between the mouth of Calaveras River and U.S. Highway 99 was accomplished by hired labor. Bank repairs along the left bank of Calaveras River, near Stockton, Calif., were ac- complished by contract. Total cost during the fiscal year was $9,530. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of new work was initiated in November 1908; under this initial construction phase, work along the Calaveras River section was completed in October 1909 and the Canal section of the Diverting Canal in September 1910. The project was then considered to be about 86 percent complete; no further new work was accomplished until fiscal year 1922. During fiscal years 1922 and 1923 additional new work was accomplished in the Calaveras River section to complete the pro- ject. The structures involved are in good condition. Most of the silt formerly deposited in Stockton and Mormon Channels is diverted therefrom by this canal, obviating serious inconveniences to navigation and expensive annual dredging. Annual maintenance activities, consisting of the provision of an adequate channel capacity for floodwaters by clearing brush and trees and construction of bank protection at critical locations to prevent slippage and erosion of banks caused by floodwaters, are required to preserve the effectiveness of the project. Total cost for the project to June 30, 1954, was $411,423, of which $253,151 was for new work and $158,272 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1954 New work: Appropriated --- -------- ----- ----- - --- $253,151 Cost -253,151 Maintenance: Appropriated-_ ... $8, 000 -$2, 072 $7, 712 $17, 500 $1, 100 158, 480 Cost----------- -- 9,359 6 7, 712 8,862 9,530 158,272 7. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Project full report amount see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance Feather River, Calif__ -- _ 1951 1 $5, 752 (2) Middle River and connecting channels, Calif 1951 3$8,354 3 1, 682 (4), (5) Mokelumne River, Calif-.......----------------- - 1951 8, 500 67, 537 (4), (5) Snagging and Clearing under authority of sec. 3 1951 _ 2,997 (4) of the River and Harbor Act approved Mar. 2, 1945. 1 Includes $10 for maintenance for previous project. In addition, $6,160 for previous project and $3,840 for existing project, for maintenance, was expended from contributed funds. 2Maintenance project; channels currently adequate for commerce; latest approved estimate (1953) of Federal cost for annual maintenance is $2,000. 3 Includes $1,600 for new work and $790 for maintenance for previous project. 4 Completed. SMaintenance not presently required as channels are adequate for commerce. Latest approved estimate (1953) of Federal cost for annual maintenance is $2,000 for Middle River and connecting channels and $4,000 for Mokelumne River, Calif. 1370 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 8. SACRAMENTO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, CALIF., FROM COLLINSVILLE TO SHASTA DAM Location. The Sacramento River rises in the Trinity Mountains in north-central California, flows in a general southerly direction about 374 miles and empties into Suisun Bay, an arm of San Francisco Bay at Collinsville, Calif. The works covered by this improvement are on the Sacramento River and tributaries from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, about mile 312. (See U.S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area for Sacramento River and upper Butte Basin; Flournoy and Fruto quadrangles for Black Butte Reservoir; and the Tuscan Buttes, Tehama, Redding, and Hooker quadrangles for Table Mountain Reservoir.) Existing project. The improvement of Sacramento River and tributaries, from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, was authorized as a unit of a comprehensive plan for flood control and other related purposes in the Sacramento River Basin. The project comprises the enlargement of existing levees on Sacramento River between vicinity of Moulton Weir and Ord Bend; the construction of new levees from the present levee terminus to vicinity of Chico Land- ing; construction of a weir in vicinity of Chico Landing, the ex- tension of Moulton Weir, and construction of a bypass through Upper Butte Basin; the construction of new levees in lower Butte Basin; and the enlargement of existing levees in Sutter, Tisdale, Sacramento, and Yolo bypasses. In addition to the above, the project includes levee construction and/or channel enlarge- ment on the following minor tributaries of the Sacramento River: Antelope Creek; Chico and Mud Creeks and Sandy Gulch; Butte and Little Chico Creeks; Cherokee Canal; Elder Creek; Deer Creek (Tehama County) ; Thomes Creek, and Willow Creek. These im- provements are for the purpose of flood control. The above levee construction supplements the program of levee improvements which are being accomplished pursuant to the Flood Control Act of March 1, 1917, as amended by subsequent acts, in- cluding the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, and which are reported by California Debris Commission under Improvement No. 4, "Sacramento River, Calif., Flood Control." Improvements on the minor tributaries will, in themselves, provide flood protection to large agricultural areas, to the cities of Chico and Willows, to small communities, and to transportation systems. The improvements along the major tributaries and in Butte Basin, in conjunction with the following authorized Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) and Black Butte Reservoirs in the upper Sacramento Basin, will provide flood protection to an additional large agricultural area in Butte Basin and along the Sacramento River, and to additional communities and transportation systems. A total area of 218,000 acres of agricultural land will be protected by the entire project. The authorization also provides for the construction of the Black Butte Reservoir, an earthfill dam, with a maximum height of 138 feet, to create a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 160,000 acre-feet for flood control and water conservation purposes. The improvement will be located about 9 miles westerly of Orland, Glenn County, Calif., on Stony Creek, a tributary en- FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1371 tering the Sacramento River at mile 190. The reservoir will provide flood protection for about 35,000 acres of agricultural land lying along the lower reaches of Stony Creek and west of Sacramento River and, in addition, will provide 60,000 acre-feet of new water annually for irrigation. In conjunction with the authorized Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir on Sacra- mento River, this reservoir will provide flood protection to about 106,000 acres of agricultural land in Butte Basin and will augment the flood protection to lands along Sacramento River and tribu- taries where levee and channel improvements have been provided. In addition, the improvement provides for construction of Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoir, an earthfill dam, with a max- imum height of 210 feet and an ungated saddle spillway, to create a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 503,000 acre-feet, for flood control, water conservation, and power generation. Con- struction of a power plant with an installed capacity of 54,000 kilowatts is included in the improvement. The reservoir will be located on the Sacramento River at about mile 250, about 3 miles north of Red Bluff, in Tehama and Shasta Counties, Calif. The reservoir will provide flood protection to a local area of about 50,000 acres along Sacramento River. In conjunction with the above authorized Black IButte Reservoir, this reservoir will pro- vide flood protection to about 106,000 acres of agricultural lands in the basin and will augment the flood protection along Sacramento River and tributaries where levee and channel improvements have been provided. In addition, the reservoir will make available about 350,000 acre-feet of new water annually for irrigation and will make possible the generation of about 300,000,000 kilowatt- hours of electrical energy per year. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work of the principal features is as follows: Estimated cost Project Lands and Construction damages Total Levees, Sacramento River and tributaries, including $32, 830, 000- -- ___ _' _ __ $32, 830, 000 Upper Butte Basin. Black Butte Dam and Reservoir ---------------------- 14, 809, 200 $690, 800 115, 500, 000 Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) (low-level) dam and 73, 389, 400 3, 810, 600 177, 200, 000 powerplant. Total 121, 028., 600 4, 501, 400 125, 530, 000 (1954) The estimated (1954) cost to local interests for new work on the levee and channel improvements is $7,342,000 and comprises the provision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way and all neces- sary highway and utility alterations required. Operation and maintenance of the levee and channel improve- ments after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. Operation and maintenance of the Black Butte Reservoir and of Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reservoirs and power facilities will be the responsibility of the Federal Government; the latest 1372 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 approved estimated (1948) annual cost is $60,000 for Black Butte Reservoir and $567,000 for Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Reser- voir and power facilities. Local interests will reimburse the United States for conservation accomplishments of the reservoirs. The improvement was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 649, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which con- tains the latest published map (which authorized to be appropri- ated for the initiation of the project the sum of $15,000,000; and as further amended by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess.), to include the necessary works of improvement for the protection of the upper Butte Basin. Local cooperation. With respect to conservation storage to be provided by the Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) and Black Butte Reservoirs, payment, as determined by the Secretary of the Army upon the basis of continuing studies by the Bureau of Reclamation, the Department of the Army, and local organiza- tions, is to be made to the United States by the State or other responsible agency for this storage when used. Chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California, ap- proved July 19, 1945, provides for adoption of the project and for the furnishing of the required assurances of local cooperation for the levee and channel improvement work. These assurances have been furnished and accepted. All lands and rights-of-way required to date have been furnished by the State of California. Operations and results during fiscal year. a. Construction and enlargement of levees and local improvements on Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries: Preliminary engineering was continued. The Federal cost of new work during the fiscal year was $23,123. b. Black Butte Reservoir: There were no operations during the fiscal year, and no costs were incurred. c. Table Mountain Reservoir: There were no operations during the fiscal year, and no costs were incurred. Total cost of new work for the entire project during the fiscal year was $23,123. Condition at end of fiscal year. a. Construction and enlarge- ment of levees and channel improvements on Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries: Preliminary engineering, in- cluding field surveys and preparation of detailed plans and con- tract plans and specifications, is being continued; design work is about 8 percent completed. Construction of the project was initi- ated in May 1949; items completed include most of the Deer Creek levees and a portion of the Butte Creek channel improvements and levees. Initiation of further construction was suspended FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1373 as a result of Presidential Directive dated July 21, 1950. The project is about 5 percent complete. Levee work remaining to be done includes enlargement of exist- ing levees on Sacramento River between Moulton Weir and Ord Bend; and on Sutter, Tisdale, Yolo, lower Yolo, and Sacramento bypasses; construction of new levees on Sacramento River from Butte City to Chico Landing and in lower Butte Basin. In addi- tion to the above, the project includes uncompleted levee con- struction and channel enlargement on the following minor tribu- taries of the Sacramento River: Antelope Creek; Little Chico- Butte Creek above Highway 99E, Chico, Mud, and Sandy Gulch Creeks; Cherokee Canal; Elder Creek; Deer Creek (Tehama County); Thomes Creek; and Willow Creek. Construction of bypass levees and necessary works of improvements for the pro- tection of the upper Butte Basin, as authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 367, 81st Cong.), also re- mains to be accomplished. Total cost of new work to June 30, 1954, was $1,748,352. b. Black Butte Dam and Reservoir: Data for definite design studies has been assembled, including general design, surveying and mapping, and exploration and material tests. The definite design studies are about 25 percent complete; and plans and specifications are about 10 percent complete; construction has not been initiated. Further engineering activities have been discon- tinued due to lack of funds. Total cost of new work to June 30, 1954, was $101,260. c. Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) -Dam and Reservoir: Engi- neering studies are about 28 percent complete. Only portions of the definite project report have been completed; no work on the preparation of plans and specifications is in progress. Further investigations and engineering studies for the reservoir have been indefinitely delayed because of lack of agreement among local interests and State and Federal agencies concerned, with respect to conflicting proposals for control of floods and use of water resources in the upper Sacramento Valley. Total cost of new work to June 30, 1954, was $637,608. Total cost of new work for the entire project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: Project Total cost of new work Sacramento River and major and minor tributaries.............--------------------------- $1, 748, 352 Black Butte Dam and Reservoir..------------------- -------------------- 101, 260 Table Mountain (Iron Canyon) Dam and Reservoir- .................... 637, 608 Total..-----....---- -------------------------------------------------- ------------ 2, 487, 220 1374 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 1 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1954 New work: Appropriated__ $695, 000 $216,108 -$2, 240 $2, 588,868 Cost - - . 618,152 594, 788 255, 438 $37, 242 $23,123 2, 487, 220 1 Includes amount of $23,000 advance for establishment of South Pacific Division Laboratory. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ------------ $101,618 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 . O Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__________ ____________________________ - 101,618 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ____________________________ ___ 122,941,132 9. FOLSOM RESERVOIR, SACRAMENTO RIVER BASIN, CALIF. Location. The Folsom Dam site is on the American River about 21/2 miles above or northeasterly of the town of Folsom in Sacra- mento County, Calif., about 1 mile below the confluence of the north and south forks of this stream, and about 20 miles upstream from the city of Sacramento. The reservoir will extend from the dam site up the main river to this confluence and about 14 miles farther upstream in each of the two forks. The American River system originates on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, and the main river flows into the Sacramento River at the city of Sacramento. The lower portion of the American River, 25 miles below Folsom, is in the Sacramento Valley. The drainage area of the river system contains 2,115 square miles of which 1,875 square miles are above the dam site. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area.) Existing project. The authorization provided initially for the construction of a dam, with gross storage capacity of 355,000 acre-feet, and facilities for future power generation. The project, as modified, provides for the construction of a multiple purpose storage reservoir with a storage capacity of 1,000,000 acre-feet in the joint interest of flood control, irrigation, municipal water supply, and power generation. The reservoir will be formed by construction of earthfill wing dams and a concrete gravity dam in the river channel with a gated spillway and with a maximum height of approximately 340 feet and crest length of 1,400 feet. The earthfill wing dams on each side of the river with a maximum height of 145 feet will complete the closure; the crest length of the right wing dam will be about 6,700 feet and the left wing dam about 2,100 feet. An earthfill auxiliary dam is provided at Mor- mon Island, about 21/2 miles easterly from the main dam, with a maximum height of 110 feet and a crest length of about 4,820 feet. Eight earthfill dikes, with a total crest length of approx- imately 11,700 feet and maximum height of 10 feet to 100 feet, close saddles in the reservoir perimeter. Outlet facilities will be provided for irrigation and flood control releases and for power FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1375 generation. Simultaneous construction of a hydro-electric power plant at the damsite with power facilities of 162,000 KW capacity, a downstream reregulatory afterbay at Nimbus Dam with power facilities of 13,500 KW capacity, and related transmission lines is being accomplished by the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation. Sub- sequent maintenance and operation of the completed project will be accomplished by that agency in conjunction with other units of the Central Valley project. The authorization also pro- vides for the dam to be operated for flood control in accordance with criteria established by the Secretary of the Army. The project will provide flood protection to the cities of Sacra- mento and North Sacramento and adjacent suburban areas, will make available annually about 500,000 acre-feet of new water for irrigation and municipal water supply and will make possible the generation of about 500,000,000 kilowatt-hours of electrical energy per year. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $65,400,000, of which $2,622,500 is for lands and dam- ages and $62,777,500 for construction, including $5,209,900 for penstocks, trash racks, penstock face gates, and tailrace excava- tion being constructed by the Corps of Engineers for and in co- ordination with the facilities being built at the Folsom site by the Bureau of Reclamation. The latest estimate (1953) of the cost of the Federal facilities being constructed by the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation is $40,098,- 000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the con- servation accomplishments of the project. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 649, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which con- tains the latest published map), as modified by the American River Basin Development Act (Public Law 356, October 14, 1949, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. None required, except payment for conser- vation costs when used; these costs have not yet been allocated. The State of California officially adopted the project by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California, approved July 19, 1945. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering, including preparation of contract plans and specifications, was continued. Preparation of operation and maintenance man- uals, operation of construction facilities, engineering studies to develop criteria for flood control operation of Folsom Reservoir, and acquisition of land (including improvements, disposals, and damages) were continued during the fiscal year. Construction of the Folsom Dam and appurtenant works, by continuing contract, was continued; 46 percent of the work was placed this period. Fabrication of the 140-ton gantry crane and appurtenances, under continuing supply contract, was continued; 10 percent of the work was accomplished this year. Fabrication was completed and delivery made, under continuing supply con- tracts, of the fixed-wheel gates, frames, and anchorage for pen- stocks, 43 percent placed this year; penstock gate hoists and appurtenances, 18 percent this year; and tainter gates and appur- Sigs 1--1875-1406 1376 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 tenances, 36 percent this year. In addition, the following con- tinuing contracts were completed with work placement as follows: Relocation of Pacific Gas and Electric Co.'s Halsey Junction-New- ark electric power transmission line, 10 percent this year; furnish and install pumping plant equipment, supply contract, 30 percent this year; and South Fork Road relocation, 26 percent this year. Additional work accomplished by hired labor included the pur- chase and installation of electric tape gages, continuation of estab- lishment of sedimentation ranges, initiation of removal of Negro Hill telephone lines, and survey for fencing of the reservoir area. Relocation of Pacific Gas and Electric Co.'s power distribution lines was continued with 31 percent accomplished during the year. Completion of construction, by contracts, was accomplished during the year as follows: Construction of South Fork Road, Sweetwater Creek Section extension, 10 percent this year; Natoma Canal Re- location and appurtenant facilities, 26 percent this year; and reservoir clearing, Area "A," 86 percent this year. Foundation drilling and grouting through embankment was initiated by continuing contract, 79 percent of the work placement was accomplished during the year. Additional construction for the project was initiated by contracts as follows: Relocation of Green Valley and Mormon Island Roads, vicinity of Mormon Is- land Auxiliary Dam, with 90 percent placed during the year; reservoir clearing, Area "B," 32 percent this year; foundation drilling and grouting, main concrete dam, 5 percent this year; and relocation of cemeteries, 1 percent this year. Total cost of new work during the year for the project was $19,366,796. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in October 1948; the project is about 75 percent complete. Design work is approximately 90 percent complete; relocations are about 79 percent complete; land acquisition is practically completed; and the construction of the dam and its appurtenances is 75 percent complete. Major items of work completed include construction of 5 of the 8 earthfill dikes required; the Government administration and operations buildings; the diversion tunnel and the foundation excavation for the main dam; Mormon Island auxiliary dam in- cluding riprapping; relocation of North Fork Ditch Co. buildings and utilities; relocation of Natoma Canal and appurtenant facili- ties; reservoir clearing, area "A"; relocation of Folsom-Auburn Road and of South Fork Road; construction of South Fork Road, Sweetwater Creek Section extension; and fabrication of tandem slide gates for main dam outlet works and other appurtenant op- erating equipment. Design and construction programs of the Corps of Engineers and the Bureau of Reclamation have been coordinated to provide for orderly prosecution of the project, and construction work to be accomplished by the Corps of Engineers in the interest of power development is under way. Work remaining to complete the project includes: completion of items now under construction, including the main dam; final test- ing of the tandem slide gates, tainter gates, and other such operat- ing equipment; malaria control; additional access roads, miscel- FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1377 laneous road improvements and repairs; additional water supply and sanitary facilities; and the installation of gages and communi- cation facilities for operating purposes. The project construction schedule calls for closing of the diver- sion tunnel gates on February 15, 1955, and completion of all con- struction work by June 30, 1956. Total cost to June 30, 1954, for the project is $49,240,665 for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: Appropriated - $3, 100,000 $4, 400, 000 $6, 870,000 $16, 917, 000 1$17, 500,000 1$50, 369, 000 Cost -...-.-- ..... 1,372,848 2, 924, 499 8, 893, 049 151237, 722 19, 366, 796 49, 240, 665 Includes $4,200,000 allotted on loan basis during fiscal year 1954. 2 Exclusive of $4,200,000 utilized for repayment of funds loaned in fiscal year 1954. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ___-___ $106,156 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__- 2 10,300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_---------- ----------------------------- 10,406,156 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project---------------- ------ 4,731,000 10. CALAVERAS RIVER AND LITTLEJOHN CREEK AND TRIBUTARIES, INCLUDING HOGAN AND FARMINGTON RESERVOIRS, CALIF. Location. The streams comprising the Calaveras River and Littlejohn Creek groups rise in the Sierra Nevada and its foothills, flow westerly across the flat lands of San Joaquin Valley and empty into the San Joaquin River directly, or through various sloughs, in the vicinity of Stockton, Calif. The Littlejohn Creek group drains 487 square miles, of which 184 square miles are below the base of the foothills; the watershed is located in Calaveras, Stan- islaus, and San Joaquin Counties. The three principal stream systems of the group are, from south to north, Lone Tree Creek, Littlejohn Creek, and Duck Creek. This group is bounded on the south by Stanislaus River watershed, and on the north by the Calaveras River group. The Calaveras River group drains 173 square miles below the base of the foothills and 560 square miles above. It is located in Calaveras and San Joaquin Counties, and is bounded on the south by Littlejohn Creek group watershed, and on the north by Mokelumne River watershed. The two principal streams of the group are, from south to north, Calaveras River and Bear Creek. The valley lands are essentially a delta area in which the streams of both groups are more or less inter-connected by creeks and swales. (See U. S. Geological Survey Valley Springs quadrangle for Hogan Reservoir area and Trigo and Bachelor Valley quadrangles for Farmington Reservoir area.) 1378 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Existing project. This provides for- a. Construction of Farmington Dam and Reservoir, with a gross storage capacity of 52,000 acre-feet, construction of a diversion channel from Duck Creek to Littlejohn Creek and of two dikes across downstream channels leading from Duck Creek to Mormon slough, and enlargement of downstream Littlejohn Creek channels for the exclusive purpose of flood control. The reservoir is formed by an earthfill dam with a maximum height of about 58 feet and a length of about 7,800 feet; it is located on Littlejohn Creek 31/2 miles upstream from Farmington and about 18 miles easterly of Stockton, Calif. The outlet works are located in the right abut- ment and consist of two rectangular concrete conduits, each 6 feet by 9 feet, controlled by slide gates, and a stilling basin. A concrete broad-crested weir approximately 95 feet long, located in the right abutment, serves as the spillway. Construction of the main dam and spillway was completed in June 1951. The Duck Creek diver- sion, located approximately 1 mile east of Farmington, comprises an earth dike across Duck Creek with two pipe outlets, an overflow concrete weir adjacent thereto, and a diversion channel approxi- mately 5,000 feet long with a capacity of 2,000 cubic feet per sec- ond to Littlejohn Creek. The two dikes across the downstream channels are of earthfill construction and are located approxi- mately 3 and 8 miles, respectively, west of Farmington. Duck Creek channel improvements were completed in November 1951. Enlargement of downstream Littlejohn Creek channels will con- sist of clearing, channel excavation, and minor levee construction west of Farmington to French Camp. These improvements will provide flood protection for about 58,000 acres of agricultural land, suburban areas, and industrial sites in the area immediately southeast of Stockton. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $3,729,000, of which $672,000 is for lands and damages and $3,057,000 for construction. The latest estimate (1954) of the cost to local interests for rights-of-way and relocations on the Duck Creek and downstream Littlejohn Creek improvements, required by the authorization, is $366,000. Maintenance and operation of the dam, reservoir and appur- tenant gages are the responsibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1953) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this maintenance and operation is $12,800. Maintenance and op- eration of the channel improvements after completion are the responsibility of local interests. b. Construction of New Hogan Reservoir, comprising an earth- fill dam with a height of about 215 feet, together with three dikes with a maximum height of 20 feet, and a side-channel ungated spillway, to create a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 325,000 acre-feet for flood control, irrigation and other water con- servation purposes. The improvement will be located on the Calaveras River, about 28 miles northeast of Stockton, Calif., at FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1379 or below the site of the present small Hogan Dam, which is owned and operated by the City of Stockton for the partial flood protec- tion of that city. The project will provide flood protection for 46,000 acres of agricultural lands in the Calaveras River area and to the city of Stockton and suburban areas and, in addition, will provide 62,000 acre-feet of new water annually for irrigation re- quired for the continued agricultural growth of the area and to provide a potential municipal water source for Stockton and its industries. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $15,800,000, of which $142,700 is for lands and damages and $15,657,300 for construction. Operation and maintenance of the project will be the responsi- bility of the Federal Government; the latest (1948) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this maintenance and operation is $85,500. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the conservation accomplishments of the project. c. Construction will consist of about 42 miles of levee, enlarge- ment of about 16 miles of existing channel, and excavation of about 1 mile of new channel along Bear Creek, San Joaquin County, Calif., for flood control purposes. The levee and channel improve- ments will extend along the south channel of Bear Creek from Jacktone Road, about 2 miles south of Lockeford, to Disappoint- ment Slough, a delta channel which connects with San Joaquin River. This construction will provide a channel of 4,000 cubic feet per second capacity with 3 feet of levee freeboard. The im- provement will provide flood protection to about 19,000 acres of intensively developed agricultural croplands in the vicinity of Lodi and Stockton. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $705,000, for construction. The latest estimate (1954) of the cost to local interests for lands, damages, and bridge and utility relocations is $573,000. Maintenance and operation of the levee and channel improve- ments after completion are the responsibility of local interests. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 545, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Recommended modifications of project. In House Document No. 367, 81st Congress, 1st session, a plan of improvement was recommended which would provide for construction of a levee on the right bank, of the Stockton diverting canal and incidental channel improvement, such work to extend from its source at Mormon Slough to its confluence with the lower Calaveras River. The recommended work would supplement the authorized Hogan Reservoir, and would control Calaveras River floods by confining regulated flows to leveed channels. The estimate of Federal cost for new work (1948) is $52,000. Local cooperation. None is required for construction of Farm- ington Dam and Reservoir. Payment for conservation storage in 1380 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Hogan Reservoir, when used, is to be made to the United States by the State of California or other responsible agency. .Arrange- ments for such repayment have not been undertaken as yet. The State of California has officially adopted the project by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California, approved July 19, 1945. The State of California or other responsible local agencies must give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that for the Duck Creek diversion structures and dikes, the enlarged downstream Littlejohn Creek channels, and Bear Creek channel and levee improvements they will (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of the works; (2) make all necessary bridge and utility alterations; (3) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; and (4) main- tain and operate all works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Chapter 1514, Statutes of State of California, 1945, approved by the Gov- ernor of that State on July 19, 1945, provided for the furnishing of the assurances for the Duck Creek diversion structures and dikes and the Bear Creek levee and channel improvements. Senate bill No. 26, signed by the Governor of California on April 16, 1952, modified the 1945 Statutes of the State of California to authorize furnishing of assurances for the enlargement of the channels of Littlejohn Creek below Farmington Dam. Assurances have not been requested from local interests for the IBear Creek channel and levee improvements pending completion of project plans. Assurances were furnished and all requirements have been complied with for the Duck Creek diversion structures and dikes. Duck Creek diversion structures and dikes were transferred to the State of California for maintenance by Sacramento District letter dated June 19, 1952. This construction was accepted by the State of California by letter dated July 3, 1952. Assurances for the enlargement of the downstream Littlejohn Creek channels have been furnished; all rights-of-way have been procured by local interests; and funds in the amount of $100,000 have been contributed by the State of California to provide pay- ment for the required utility alterations. Acceptance of these con- tributed funds was approved by the Secretary of Army on April 28, 1954. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work : a. Farmington Reservoir: Engineering and design, including preparation of plans and specifications was continued and prepara- tion of the operation and maintenance manual was completed, by hired labor. Completion of the construction of slope protection, relief wells, and upstream connecting channel was accomplished by contract. A contract was awarded for channel improvement and clearing of south Littlejohn Creek, from Farmington to French Camp; this work will be accomplished in fiscal year 1955. The cost of new work for Farmington Reservoir during the fiscal year was $259,602 from United States funds and $17,827 from contrib- uted funds, a total of $277,429. FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1381 b. Hogan Reservoir: There were no operations and no costs were incurred. c. Bear Creek channel improvements: There were no operations and no costs were incurred. Maintenance: Farmington Reservoir: Maintenance and opera- tion of the dam and outlet works and service facilities was accom- plished during the year by hired labor. In addition, periodic gage readings and other operational functions, including repairs to gages, were also accomplished by hired labor. Farmington Reservoir and the Duck Creek channel improve- ments were operated for flood control during the 1953-1954 flood season, by the Federal government and local interests respectively. Only minor flood flows occurred, and no appreciable amount of floodwater was stored in the reservoir. Total cost of maintenance during the fiscal year was $7,480 from Federal funds. The costs and expenditures for the entire project during the fiscal year were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs United States funds .. .... _____________ $259, 602 $7, 480 $267, 082 Contributed T-I_- funds (nonproject) ................... .i 17, 827 17, 827 Total 1 277, 429 7, 480 284, 909 Condition at end of fiscal year. a. Farmington Reservoir: Construction of Farmington project was initiated in July 1949 and is about 88 percent complete. The project construction was completed for beneficial flood control operation in calendar year 1952. Construction is substantially completed and all functional parts of the reservoir and the Duck Creek channel improvements are in operation and acting to provide the flood protection for which they were designed. Engineering and design is substantially completed except for preparation of plans and specifications for a stream gaging and rating station on Duck Creek above the diversion. Acquisition of real estate lands and/or flowage easements has been completed except for legal proceedings. The following major features have been completed: Construction of outlet works, including installation of slide gates and appurtenances; main dam and spillway in June 1951; Duck Creek channel improvement in November 1951; relocations of necessary roads and utilities; construction of Littlejohn Creek gaging station; installation of local and net wire transmission for stream gaging station; removal of floatable debris from the reser- voir area; and construction of embankment slope protection, relief wells, and upstream connecting channel between Littlejohn Creek and Rock Creek. The work remaining to complete construction of Farmington project includes channel improvement and clearing of south Little- john Creek, from Farmington to French Camp and the installation of a stream gage and rating station on Duck Creek above the di- version structures; this will be completed in fiscal year 1955. Total cost of new work for Farmington project to June 30, 1954, 1382 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 was $3,300,481, of which $3,275,897 was from United States funds and $24,584 from contributed funds. Total cost of maintenance for Federal operation and mainte- nance of the Farmington Reservoir and appurtenant gages was $11,346 from United States funds between July 1952 and June 30, 1954. b. Hogan Reservoir: Preliminary definite design studies have been prepared for selection of reservoir capacity and a survey and preliminary geological investigations of the dam site have been made. Design memoranda are about 30 percent complete; plans and specifications are about 10 percent complete. Construction has not been initiated. Total cost of new work for Hogan Reser- voir to June 30, 1954, was $122,180 from Federal funds. c. Bear Creek channel improvements: Engineering studies are about 25 percent complete; construction has not been initiated. Further studies are delayed until agreement is reached with local interests regarding the plan of improvement. Total cost of new work for Bear Creek channel improvement to June 30, 1954, was $17,057. Total costs for the entire project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs United States funds_------------------------------- $3, 415, 133 $11, 346 $3, 426, 479 Contributed funds (nonproject) .................. ------------------------ 24, 584 ---------------- 24, 584 Total -------------------------------------- _ 3, 439,717 11,346 063 3,451, Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: Appropriated ... ._ $1,750,000 $1,420,000 $181,180 - - - -$2, 943 $3,868,237 Cost_-- 503,871 1,533,888 473,275 $277,120 259,602 3,415,133 Maintenance: Appropriated- .-.... 8, 000 3, 400 11,400 Cost - ------------- --- . 3,866 7,480 11,346 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $148,375 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_____ _____ __ ___________ __________ 148,375 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project _____________________ _____________ $16,365,763 FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1383 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS 1 Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: Appropriated......----------------------------- $7,000 2-$243 $100,000 $106,757 Cost ------------------------------------- 6, 750 7 17, 827 24,584 1 Contributed funds for miscellaneous construction (nonproject) at expense of local interests in connec- tion with acquisition of rights-of-way and utility alterations. 2 Refund of trust funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ ___- -$18,019 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------- 18,019 11. LOWER SAN JOAQUIN RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, INCLUDING TUOLUMNE AND STANISLAUS RIVERS, CALIF. Location. The San Joaquin River has its sources in the Sierra Nevada, and flows generally southwest through the mountains and foothills to the vicinity of Friant, where it enters the flat alluvial valley through which it flows west 60 miles to Mendota midway of the valley floor. At Mendota the river turns northwest and flows 157 miles to Mossdale at the head of the San Joaquin Delta, an extensive area of reclaimed tidal swamplands through which the river flows with numerous side channels and sloughs to join the Sacramento River at the head of Suisun Bay near Pittsburg. The river drains an area of 17,000 square miles. The Tuolumne and Stanislaus Rivers, two of the principal tributaries of the San Joaquin River, likewise have their sources in the Sierra Nevada, and flow in a generally westerly direction through the mountains and foothills to enter the alluvial valley and join the main river from the east in its lower reaches. Stockton, at the head of the delta, and Fresno, just south of the San Joaquin watershed, are the principal commercial and distributing centers serving the area un- der consideration. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area.) The lower San Joaquin River is under improvement for navigation, the existing project providing for a 30-foot ship chan- nel to Stockton and various minor improvements for the benefits of light-draft navigation in the delta channels. Existing project. This improvement provides for- a. Construction of New Melones Dam and Reservoir, a 482 foot high concrete gravity dam on the Stanislaus River, about 14 miles above the town of Knights Ferry, Calif., to create a 1,100,000 acre- foot reservoir for flood control, irrigation, and other water con- servation purposes. The project will provide flood protection to about 25,000 acres of agricultural land along the Stanislaus River and is an integral unit of the authorized plan for flood control in the San Joaquin River Basin. In addition, the project will make possible the construction of a large hydroelectric plant below the dam to supply the urgent demands of a power-deficient area. Con- struction of the power plant has not been authorized. 1384 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $53,200,000, of which $4,183,400 is for lands and dam- ages and $49,016,600 for construction. Maintenance and operation of the dam and reservoir are the re- sponsibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1948) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this maintenance and opera- tion is $165,000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the conservation accomplishments of the project. b. An expenditure toward the first cost of Cherry Valley Reser- voir and the New Don Pedro Reservoir in the Tuolumne River Basin. Federal interest in the development is in the flood protec- tion to be afforded by reservoirs constructed by local interests, comprising the City and County of San Francisco and the Turlock and Modesto Irrigation Districts; the Federal Government will contribute toward the first cost of the construction an amount commensurate with the flood control benefits to be derived. Ulti- mately the flood protection will be derived from the operation for flood control of at least 340,000 acre-feet of storage in the New Don Pedro Reservoir, proposed for a total capacity in the order of 1,- 200,000 acre-feet. First phase of the development by local inter- ests is the construction for municipal water supply, power genera- tion, and other purposes of the Cherry Valley Reservoir, in the upper Tuolumne River watershed, about 25 miles east of the town of Sonora, Calif. The dam is a composite earth and rock embank- ment 315 feet high and about 2,500 feet long, which will create a reservoir with a capacity of 268,000 acre-feet below the spillway crest. The local interests will operate this reservoir and the exist- ing Hetch Hetchy and Don Pedro Reservoirs for flood control until such time as the New Don Pedro Reservoir is constructed and placed in operation. This improvement is an integral unit of the authorized plan for flood control in the San Joaquin River Basin; operation of the Tuolumne River Reservoirs will provide flood pro- tection to about 8,000 acres of agricultural lands and several com- munities along the Tuolumne River. The latest approved estimate (1954) of the Federal contribution toward the first cost of the Cherry Valley Reservoir is $9,270,000, including $270,000 incidental Federal costs, in return for that por- tion of the ultimate contribution justified by the degree of flood protection provided. The latest approved estimate (1954) of the total Federal contribution toward the first cost of the Tuolumne River Reservoirs is $12,000,000. The latest estimate (1954) of the costs to local interests are $4,320,000 for Cherry Valley Reservoir and $67,000,000 for New Don Pedro Reservoir, a total of $71,320,000. c. Construction of levee and channel improvements on the lower San Joaquin River and tributaries consisting of the improvement of the existing levee system along the river below the mouth of the Merced River by raising and strengthening the existing levees; for construction of new levees; for revetment of banks where re- quired; for channel improvements; and for the acquisition of flow- age rights on natural overflow lands generally downstream of Skaggs Bridge and upstream of the Merced River where necessary FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1385 to insure continued effectiveness of channel storage. The flowage rights are to be provided by the State of California or other respon- sible local agency. This project is an integral unit of the authorized plan for flood control and other purposes in the San Joaquin River Basin; it is designed to supplement the reservoir units of the overall plan, involving flood-control storage on the Tuolumne and Stanislaus Rivers and in the existing Friant Reservoir on the upper San Joaquin River, by providing channel capacities along the San Joaquin River sufficient to safely pass regulated flows. The levee and channel improvement project, together with the reservoir units, will provide urgently needed flood protection to a rich agri- cultural area of approximately 140,000 acres, to numerous com- mercial and public installations, and to a suburban area adjacent to the City of Stockton. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $9,700,000, for construction. Maintenance and operation of the levee and channel improve- ments after completion are the responsibility of local interests. The latest estimate (1953) of the costs to local interests are $1,- 790,000 for rights-of-way and natural valley storage flowage rights or suitable facilities. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944, which authorized to be appropriated for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the project the sum of $8,000,000. (See H. R. Flood Control Committee Doc. 2, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Further monetary authorization of $2,500,000 was provided for this project by Public Law 235, 83d Congress, 1st sess., making a total mone- tary authorization of $10,500,000 available. Recommended modificationsof project. In House Document No. 367, 81st Congress, 1st session, it was recommended that power- generating facilities, not now included in the authorized project, be constructed concurrently with and as part of New Melones Dam. For an initial installation of 41,000 kilowatts, the first cost is esti- mated (May 1948) at $4,727,000, and the annual cost of mainte- nance and operation at $194,400. Local cooperation. a. New Melones Reservoir (Stanislaus River) : The State of California or other responsible agency will be required to pay for the conservation storage when used. Such pay- ment will be based upon future cost allocation studies by the De- partment of the Army. The State of California has officially adopted the project by chapter 1514, Statutes of State of Cali- fornia, 1945, approved by the Governor of that State, July 19, 1945. b. In Tuolumne Basin: Local interests are to construct, main- tain, and operate the dams and reservoirs, allocate storage for flood control, and agree to operate such storage in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Local interests have agreed by means of a negotiated contract to con- struct, maintain, and operate in the interest of flood control, the Cherry Valley Reservoir, as well as allocate flood control storage space in their existing facilities until such time as the New Don 1386 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Pedro Dam and Reservoir is constructed by local interests and flood control storage is provided therein. Local interests have been operating their existing reservoirs for flood control since Decem- ber 1949 in accordance with applicable regulations and the above cited contract. c. San Joaquin River: The State of California or other respon- sible local agencies are to give assurances satisfactory to the Sec- retary of the Army that they will: (1) furnish flowage rights to overflow certain lands along the main San Joaquin River, and all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction of levees; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works in the San Joaquin River and tributary channels, and their subsequent maintenance and operation; and (3) maintain all levees and channel improvements after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Chapter 1514, Statutes of State of California, 1945, ap- proved by the Governor of that State on July 19, 1945, provides for furnishing the requirements for the levee and channel improve- ment work. These assurances will be furnished when required. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: a. New Melones Reservoir (Stanislaus River) : There were no operations and no costs were incurred. b. Cherry Valley Reservoir, Tuolumne River Basin: Prepara- tion of the reservoir regulation manual covering flood control operations under phase II of the project (to correlate operation of Cherry Valley Reservoir with the continued operation of existing facilities) was initiated; these regulations have been agreed upon by the contractors and the Federal Government. The contractors, the City and County of San Francisco, and the Turlock and Modesto Irrigation Districts, operated their existing Don Pedro Reservoir facilities for flood control (phase I of the project) during the year in accordance with requirements of the contract. Construction of Cherry Valley Reservoir was continued by the contractors; about 21 percent of the work was accomplished dur- ing the fiscal year. c. Construction of levee and channel improvement works on lower San Joaquin River and tributaries: Engineering and design studies, including preparation of general design memorandum and drawings, were continued during the year. These studies included review of the economics of New Melones Reservoir and the rela- tionship of the reservoir to the design of the levees and channel improvements in lower San Joaquin River. The total cost for the entire project during the fiscal year for new work was as follows: Project Cost New Melones Reservoir, Stanislaus River....------------------------------------------ Tuolumne River Basin Reservoirs, including Cherry Valley Reservoir --- - - - --._. $226, 781 .........--------------------------------------.........-- Lower San Joaquin River and tributaries--- 27, 312 Total-........----..--- ------------------------------------------------------------ 254, 093 Condition at end of fiscal year. New work: a. New Melones Reservoir, Stanislaus River: Engineering FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1387 accomplished consists of collection of data for design memoranda including topographic surveys and hydrologic data, consideration of its interrelationship with other units in the comprehensive plan, revision of project costs and benefits, and the preparation of pre- liminary plans. Design memoranda are about 5 percent complete. Total cost for New Melones Reservoir to June 30, 1954, is $70,156. b. Cherry Valley Reservoir, Tuolumne River Basin: Engineer- ing and design studies including preparation of flood control opera- tion criteria, review and approval of plans prepared by the con- tractor, and design analyses, have been accomplished. A contract was awarded in fiscal year 1950 to local interests, the City and County of San Francisco and the Turlock and Modesto Irrigation Districts, for modification of existing facilities as neces- sary at Don Pedro, Hetch Hetchy, and Lake Eleanor Reservoirs and for the operation of these facilities in accordance with regula- tions of the Secretary of the Army to obtain immediately a degree of control over Tuolumne River floods. The contractors have been operating the existing reservoir facilities for flood control (phase 1 of the project) since December 1949, in accordance with the ap- plicable regulations. Construction of Cherry Valley Reservoir (phase II) was initiated in September 1950; this construction is about 35 percent complete and is scheduled for completion by June 30, 1956. Construction of New Don Pedro Reservoir (phase III) remains to be accomplished; and is scheduled for completion in 1964. The initial Federal contribution was made in 1950 and total costs for Cherry Valley Reservoir to June 30, 1954, were $7,419,001, con- sisting of $7,126,920 as direct payments to local interests and $292,081 for incidental Federal costs. c. Construction of levee and channel improvement works on lower San Joaquin River and tributaries: Data for the definite de- sign studies have been assembled, including studies of existing channel capacities, topographic surveys, reconnaissance of existing levees, derivation of project design flood plane, determination of potential benefits, and general design of plan of improvement; de- sign memoranda are about 95 percent complete and plans and specifications are about 20 percent complete. Cooperative studies with the State of California have been made to determine plans for preservation of natural valley storage above Merced River. Con- struction has not been initiated under this improvement. Total cost for lower San Joaquin River and tributaries to June 30, 1954, is $355,765. The total costs for the entire project to June 30, 1954 for new work were as follows: Project Cost ---------- ------------------........ New Melones Reservoir, Stanislaus River ..--...............-------------- $70, 156 Tuolumne River Basin Reservoirs, including Cherry Valley Reservoir ------------------ 7, 419, 001 Lower San Joaquin River and tributaries...------------------------------------------- 355, 765 Total............------------------------------------------------------------------------ 7, 844, 922 1 Includes $7,000 advance toward establishment of South Pacific Division laboratory. 1388 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1954 New work: Appropriated.-------- $539, 900 $ 728,000 $3, 394,345 $2,274,000 $205, 000 $7, 896,245 Cost---------------- 165, 815 1,516, 725 3, 592, 309 2,189, 700 254, 093 17, 844,922 1 Includes amount of $7,000 advance for establishment of South Pacific Division Laboratory. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_- $7,384 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - $1,040,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 __-- $-----$1,047,384 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project - --- $65,963,755 12. MERCED COUNTY STREAM GROUP, CALIF. Location. The streams comprising the Merced County stream group rise in the Sierra Nevada foothills of the Central Valley of California and flow in a general westerly direction to join the San Joaquin River west of the city of Merced. The streams form three general groups; Bear Creek with its tributaries, Black Rascal, Canal, Fahrens, and Burns Creeks; Mariposa Creek with its tribu- taries, Miles and Owens Creeks; and Deadmans Creek with its tributaries, Little Deadmans, Big Deadmans, and Dutchmans Creek. The latter group crosses an area of pasture land and flood control improvements are not provided for this group. The re- mainder of the Merced County stream group drains an upper area of 398 square miles, ranging from mountains to low foothills, and a lower area of 312 square miles of broad alluvial valley. The flow of the streams of the Merced County group is intermittent. (See U. S. Geological Survey Haystack Mountain quadrangle for Burns Reservoir area and Indian Gulch quadrangle for Bear, Owens, and Mariposa Reservoirs areas.) Existing project. Improvement of Merced County Stream Group is a unit in the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Basins. The proj- ect provides for construction of four retarding-type reservoirs and for channel improvements, in the vicinity of the city of Merced, Calif., for the exclusive purpose of flood control. Mariposa Dam, completed in November 1948, comprises an earth- fill main dam 1,330 feet long with a maximum height of about 88 feet and 2 auxiliary dikes aggregating 1,375 feet in length; the reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 15,000 acre-feet; the out- let consists of an ungated 5-foot 5-inch diameter reinforced con- crete conduit located through the left abutment of the dam; and the spillway is located in a saddle near the left abutment of the main dam and consists of an ungated concrete gravity weir, with a crest length of 260 feet, and trapezoidal approach and exit chan- FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1389 nels. The dam is located on Mariposa Creek about 18 miles east of Merced. Owens Dam, completed in October 1949, consists of an earthfill main dam with a maximum height of 75 feet and a crest length of 790 feet and an auxiliary dike approximately 370 feet long in a saddle near the left abutment; the gross storage capacity of the reservoir is 3,600 acre-feet; the outlet is an ungated concrete en- cased corrugated metal pipe 3 feet, 4 inches in diameter; the spill- way is an ungated concrete broadcrested weir with a crest length of 75 feet, located in a saddle near the left abutment of the aux- iliary dike. Owens Dam is located on Owens Creek about 16 miles east of Merced. Burns Dam, completed in January 1950, is an earthfill structure with a maximum height of 55 feet and a crest length of 4,075 feet; a low auxiliary dike about 290 feet long is located in a saddle near the left abutment; the reservoir has a gross storage capacity of 7,000 acre-feet; the outlet works consist of an ungated double- barrel conduit, each barrel being 4 feet, 9 inches by 6 feet; the spillway is located near the right abutment, consisting of an un- gated concrete weir 40 feet long with an exit channel and a jump basin. Burns Dam is located on Burns Creek about 13 miles north- east of Merced. Bear Dam, construction initiated in April 1954, a 92-foot high earthfill structure with ungated saddle spillway and an auxiliary dike, will provide a reservoir capacity of 7,700 acre-feet and will be located on Bear Creek about 15 miles northeast of Merced. Diversion of flow from Black Rascal Creek to Bear Creek will be accomplished by means of a 3,000 second-foot capacity canal with a length of 1.3 miles, and diversion of flow from Owens Creek to Mariposa Creek, by means of a 400 second-foot capacity canal with a length of 1.6 miles. These improvements will be located east of Merced 4 and 11 miles, respectively. In addition, channel enlargement of a constricted portion of Miles Creek and restoration of impaired channel capacities of Black Rascal, Burns, Bear, Owens, and Mariposa Creeks is to be accom- plished by responsible local interests at their expense. The project will provide flood protection to about 136,000 acres of agricultural lands, to the city of Merced, to the towns of Planada and Le Grand and other smaller communities, and to highway and transportation facilities. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $2,874,000, for construction. The estimated (1954) cost to local interests for new work is $1,078,000, comprising the provision of lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for construction; highway and utility modifications; and provision of channel enlargement and restora- tion of impaired channel capacities. Operation and maintenance of the project and of the existing channel improvements after completion will be the responsibility of local interests. Operation and maintenance of the reservoirs and appurtenant gaging facilities is the responsibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1953) approved estimate for annual Fed- eral cost of this operation and maintenance is $15,000. 1390 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 473, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Construction of the project is subject to the conditions that the State of California or other responsible local agencies give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide without cost to the United States all land, easements and rights-of-way necessary for the construction; (2) bear the expense of all necessary highway and utility changes; (3) complete the enlargement of the channel of Miles Creek and restore the channel capacities of Black Rascal, Burns, Bear, Owens, and Mariposa Creeks in accordance with the plan of the district engineer; (4) hold and save the United States free from damages resulting from construction of the works; and (5) except for the reservoirs, dams, and appurtenant gages, maintain and operate the completed project works and existing channel in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Chapter 1514, Statues of State of California, 1945, approved by the Gover- nor of that State on July 19, 1945, provides for the furnishing of the required assurances which were furnished and accepted by the Secretary of the Army on January 22, 1948. All lands, easements, and rights-of-way have been furnished without cost to the United States for the four reservoirs and the additional lands and rights-of-way needed for the project will be furnished by the State of California as required, in accordance with the above assurances. The State of California has been requested to provide the en- largement and restore the channel capacities of the creeks enu- merated in (3) above. State Senate bill No. 1659, chapter 1118, Statutes of State of California of 1953, authorized the State to provide the enlargement and restore the channel capacities of these creeks. The State of California Reclamation Board furnished a copy of Senate bill No. 1659 to Sacramento District by letter dated June 15, 1953. Enlargement and restoration of the above channel capacities is now underway and will be completed in the near future. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering and design, including preparation of contract plans and specifications, was continued during the year for Bear Dam and Reservoir and for the Owens Creek and Black Rascal Creek Diver- sion Canals, by hired labor. Preparation of the operation and maintenance manual for Bear Dam was underway by hired labor. Construction of Bear Dam and appurtenances was initiated in April 1954 by contract; 10 percent of the work was accomplished. Maintenance: Condition and operation studies, including peri- odic gage reading and other operational functions, were accom- plished throughout the fiscal year by hired labor. Preparation of contract plans and specifications for repairs to the outlet works at Mariposa Dam and to the access roads to Mariposa, Burns, and Owens Dams was accomplished by hired labor; this maintenance work was not initiated during the year and will be accomplished in fiscal year 1955. Protective fencing at Owens and Burns Dams FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1391 was completed by contract; 5 percent of this work was accom- plished this fiscal year. The three completed reservoirs were in operation as units of the project designed to protect the city of Merced and adjoining agri- cultural areas during the fiscal year. Only minor flows occurred and no appreciable amounts of floodwaters were stored. In addition, local interests have initiated the channel enlarge- ment of Miles Creek and the restoration of channel capacities of Black Rascal, Burns, Bear, Owens, and Mariposa Creeks at their expense as a part of the requirements of local cooperation. These improvements are about 20 percent complete. Total cost for the project during the fiscal year was $83,126, of which $74,270 was for new work and $8,856 for maintenance, from Federal funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction under this im- provement is about 65 percent complete and was initiated in March 1948 with the construction of Mariposa Dam and Reservoir, which was completed in November 1948. Construction of Owens Dam and Reservoir, initiated in March 1949, was completed in October 1949, and Burns Dam and Reservoir, initiated in July 1949, was completed in January 1950. The Master Manual of Reservoir Regulations for San Joaquin Basin, Calif., and Appendix III thereto covering the Merced County stream group project, and the main- tenance manuals for the Mariposa, Owens, and Burns Dams and Reservoirs have been completed. Construction of Bear Dam and appurtenances is scheduled for completion in calendar year 1954. Other work remaining to be accomplished by the Federal Government consists of construction of Owens Creek and Black Rascal Creek diversion canals and the installation of gages and communication facilities for operating purposes. The entire project is scheduled for completion in fiscal year 1955. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1954, was $1,895,129, of which $1,870,759 was from United States funds and $24,370 from contributed (nonproject) funds. In addition, local interests will complete the channel enlarge- ment and restoration of channel capacities of Miles, Black Rascal, Burns, Bear, Owens and Mariposa Creeks; 80 percent of this work remains to be accomplished in fiscal year 1955 at their expense. Total cost of maintenance for Federal operation and mainte- nance of the three completed reservoirs and appurtenances was $24,370 from United States funds between July 1948 and June 30, 1954. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1954, were as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total costs costs costs United States funds-----------........... -------------------- $1, 870, 759 $24, 370 $1, 895, 129 Contributed (nonproject) funds--...................------------------..... 37, 982 ---------------- 37, 982 Total--.. .....------------......--------------------------- 1,908, 741 24, 370 1, 933, 111 1392 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1954 New work: Appropriated -------- $175, 000 $60, 000 $265, 000 $199, 000 $300, 000 1$2, 554,000 Cost ---------------- 770, 249 19, 583 31,987 16, 247 74,270 11, 870, 759 Maintenance: Appropriated -------------------- 4,000 10,000 6, 000 12, 000 35, 000 Cost---------- 1,880 2,587 2,804 7,706 8,856 24,370 1In addition, $37,982 was expended from contributed funds for miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished at the expense of local interests in connection with acquisition of rights-of-way and relocation of highways. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_----------- $308,021 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------- 320,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------------------------------------------- 628,021 13. BIG DRY CREEK RESERVOIR AND DIVERSION, CALIF. Location. The streams comprising the Fresno County group are Big Dry Creek, Dog Creek, Redbank Creek,and.Fancher Creek. All of them rise in the Sierra Nevada, near the foothills, from 17 to 31 miles northeasterly from Fresno, Calif., and follow nearly parallel courses in a southwesterly direction toward Clovis and Fresno. Portions of the channels of these creeks, after entering the valley floor, serve as part of large and complicated systems of irrigation canals. The creeks eventually empty directly into the San Joaquin River, or indirectly through Murphy Slough, at vari- ous points northwesterly and southwesterly of Fresno, Calif. (See U. S. Geological Survey Clovis and Friant quadrangles of the area.) Existing project. This improvement provides for construction of an earthfill dam with a maximum height of 40 feet to create a reservoir with a maximum storage capacity of 16,250 acre-feet, all for flood control purposes, together with appurtenant diversion facilities both upstream and downstream from the reservoir. The improvement is located about 10 miles northeast of Fresno, and about 4 miles northeast of Clovis, Calif. The Big Dry Creek Dam was completed in 1948. The project controls the run-off from 86 square miles, and by diverting the flows of Dog and Big Dry Creeks to Little Dry Creek, and subsequently to the San Joaquin River, provides a high degree of flood protection to the cities of Fresno and Clovis and their suburban areas. The latest approved estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $1,372,000 for construction. The estimated (1954) cost to local interests for new work is $300,000, comprising the provision of lands and damages and road and utility revisions. Operation and maintenance of the project is the responsibility of local interests. FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1393 The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941. (See H. Doc. 845, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Local interests were required to give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they would provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project; hold and save the United States free from claims for damages due to construction and maintenance of the project; bear the expense of bridge construction; and maintain and operate all the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secre- tary of the Army. These requirements have been fully complied with. The reservoir and diversion structures, completed in February 1948, were transferred to the State of California for maintenance and operation by letter dated March 19, 1948, and accepted by the State April 7, 1948. The State of California transferred responsi- bility for the maintenance and operation of the completed works to the county of Fresno in accordance with contract and agreement dated August 6, 1946, between the State Reclamation Board and the county of Fresno. The drop structures, completed in April 1953, were transferred to the State of California by letter dated April 13, 1953, for operation and maintenance. Operations and results during fiscal year. Engineering was continued; revision of the reservoir regulation manual to include new construction was completed. Construction of side erosion con- trol structures was accomplished by contract. These structures were transferred to the State of California for operation and main- tenance by letter dated October 13, 1953. In addition, seeding of slopes, Big Dry Creek Reservoir, was accomplished by hired labor. Total cost of new work for the project during the year was $24,296. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in April 1947 and is 99 percent complete. The reservoir was com- pleted in February 1948 and has subsequently been operating to provide the flood protection for which it was designed. Construc- tion of remedial work consisting of erosion control structures to control side hill erosion was initiated in October 1952 and com- pleted in September 1953. Big Dry Creek Reservoir and Diversion was operated for flood control by local interests in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Government. Only minor flows occurred and no appreciable floodwater was stored. Permanent regulations were agreed upon by the Federal Government and local interests, and will be pub- lished in the Federal Register in the near future. Work remaining to complete the project consists of installation of improved gaging facilities on the outlet channel; this installation will be accomplished in fiscal year 1955. Total cost of new work for the project to June 30, 1954, was $1,401,983, of which $1,357,975 was from United States funds and $44,008 from contributed (nonproject) funds. 1394 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: Appropriated.--.-.----- $13, 876 ---------------------- $130, 000 $1,372, 124 Cost----------- ------------------------------------ 91, 555 $24, 296 1,357, 975 1 In addition, $44,008 was expended from contributed funds for miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished at the expense of local interests in connection with bridge construction. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954--_ $14,068 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------- 14,068 14. KINGS RIVER AND TULARE LAKE, INCLUDING PINE FLAT RESERVOIR, CALIF. Location. The area covered by this project comprises the upper watershed of Kings River, its valley alluvial fan or delta, and the lake bed known as Tulare Lake. The upper basin above the town of Piedra is rugged and mountainous. Below Piedra the river enters the relatively flat alluvial valley where the river divides, one branch known as Fresno Slough flowing north to join the San Joaquin River, and the second south to Tulare Lake, an area which in its unreclaimed state varied from a completely dry condition to a body of water some 750 square miles in extent. There is no natural outlet from this lake as it is separated from the San Jo- aquin Basin by a low ridge, but lake waters have escaped over this ridge at least once since settlement of the region. Tulare Lake also receives floodwaters of Tule, Kaweah, and Kern Rivers in some years. The area below Piedra, including Tulare Lake, is known as the Kings River service area. (See U. S. Geological Survey quad- rangles of the area.) Existing project. The improvement is a unit in the compre- hensive plan for flood control and other related purposes for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Basins. The project provides for con- struction of a 440-foot high concrete gravity dam, including a gated overflow section with a maximum discharge capacity of 391,000 cubic feet per second, to create a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 1,000,000 acre-feet, for flood control, irrigation, and re- lated purposes. Outlet provisions for future power development are included in the dam, but Federal construction of power gen- erating facilities is not authorized. The dam is located on Kings River, about 25 miles east of the city of Fresno, Calif., and about 4 miles upstream from the town of Piedra; construction of the dam was completed in June 1954. The improvement also includes a limited amount of channel improvements on Kings River and its distributaries on the valley floor about 25 miles south of Fresno. The channel improvement work will enlarge channel capacities and regulate flows in the lower branches of the Kings River. The improvement will provide flood protection for about 80,000 acres of rich agricultural lands in the Kings River area and, in con- junction with the authorized projects on Kaweah, Kern, and Tule FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1395 Rivers, will provide protection against floods to 260,000 acres of rich croplands in the Tulare Lake area. In addition, the project will improve the irrigation water supply with an average of 165,000 acre-feet of new water annually by retention of flood flows, and will provide a means of regulating the normal supply. The im- provement to irrigation will benefit 460,000 acres in the Kings River service area and 260,000 acres in the Tulare Lake area. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $40,900,000, of which $650,100 is for lands and damages and $40,249,900 for construction. Operation and maintenance of the dam and reservoir is the re- sponsibility of the Federal Government; the latest (1953) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this operation and maintenance is $112,000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the conservation accomplishments of the project. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 630, 76th Cong., 3d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Recommended modifications of project. In House Document No. 367, 81st Congress, 1st session, it was recommended that a power installation be authorized for construction at such time as it may be economically feasible. For an initial installation of 45,000 kilowatts, the first cost is estimated (May 1948) at $5,500,- 000, and the annual cost for maintenance and operation at $224,000. Local cooperation. The allocation to local interests for repay- ment for use of conservation storage when used, has been estab- lished in accordance with War Department Civil Appropriation Act, 1947, and published in House Document 136, 80th Congress, 1st session. The exact amount is to be agreed upon between the Bu- reau of Reclamation of the Department of the Interior and the local agencies concerned. Negotiations with local interests are now under way. The State of California has officially adopted the proj- ect by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California, approved July 19, 1945. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering and design, including preparation of contract plans and specifications, and preparation of the operation and maintenance manual, by hired labor, was continued during the fiscal year. In addition, hired labor was utilized to accomplish installation of gaging stations, operation and maintenance of construction faci- lities, purchase and installation of an electric tape gage, installa- tion of hydrological telemetering facilities on Kings River, and channel clearing and installation of a gaging station below the dam. Land acquisition was completed except for legal proceed- ings. Construction of Pine Flat Dam was completed; services of the erection engineers were utilized for final testing of installed equipment consisting of sluice gates under continuing supply contract and tainter gates and elevator under supply contracts. Completion of continuing contracts was accomplished as follows: River Road relocation and Sycamore Creek Gaging Station, near Trimmer, Calif., 1 percent accomplished this year; and drilling and grouting of the dam foundation, Pine Flat Dam, 25 percent accomplished this year. Maintenance of Sycamore Creek and 1396 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 River Roads was completed this year with 91 percent of the work placed under contract; 26 percent of the contract work was ac- complished to complete a stream gage and rating station; and a water supply system was constructed for Pine Flat project by contract during the year. Further work was initiated by contract during the fiscal year as follows: Construction of hydrologic tele- metering system, Kings River, 5 percent placed this year; paving access roads, parking area, crane shelter access, and resurfacing Sycamore Creek and River Roads, 80 percent placed this year; and construction of additional water supply and miscellaneous improvements, 10 percent placed this year. Maintenance: Maintenance and operation of the dam and reser- voir, service facilities, and public recreational facilities was ac- complished .by hired labor. In addition, hired labor was utilized during the year for condition and operation inspections and for condition surveys, including maintenance of gages and gage readings. Pine Flat Reservoir was operated for flood control only prior to February 13, 1954. A maximum of 3,530 acre-feet was stored during this period. Operation for conservation, under interim contract with Kings River Conservation District, was initiated on February 13, 1954. A maximum storage of 428,000 acre-feet occurred during the fiscal year, and 353,000 acre-feet was in storage at the end of the fiscal year. Of this, about 62,000 acre- feet was stored under interim contract with the Pacific Gas and Electric Company for future exchange with Kings River water at proposed upstream reservoirs. No releases for flood control were made subsequent to February 13, 1954. The reservoir regu- tion manual was completed. Total costs during the year for the project were $865,203, of which $813,857 was for new work and $51,346 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in April 1947; the project is 93 percent complete. Construction of the main dam was initiated in January 1950 and completed in June 1954; final concrete pour was made in March 1953; and the dam is operating to provide the flood protection for which it was designed. Acquisition of lands required for the project is com- plete, except for legal proceedings. Reservoir clearing, reloca- tions of roads and utilities, and construction of operational build- ings have been completed. Work remaining to be done consists of completion of work underway, construction of bridge and rating weir, malaria control, completion of minor public use and sanitary facilities, the installation of gages and communication facilities for operating purposes, and the provision of channel improve- ments. Project completion is currently scheduled for fiscal year 1956. Maintenance was initiated in fiscal year 1954. Total costs for the project to June 30, 1954, were $38,212,290, of which $38,160,944 was for new work and $51,346 for mainte- nance. FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1397 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: Appropriated -- - $7, 100,000 $8, 365, 000 $ 8, 000, 000 $8, 707,000 -$353, 455 $38, 518, 545 Cost -............... 3, 286, 739 7, 497, 576 12, 130, 727 18,948,626 813, 857 2 38,160, 944 Maintenance: Appropriated........------------------------------------------------ 53,900 53,900 Cost------ ------------ ------------------------------------ 51,346 51,346 1Includes amount of $102,500 advance for establishment of South Pacific Division Laboratory. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---------_ -- $164,769 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 164,769 $---------------- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -------- ----- $2,381,455 15. ISABELLA RESERVOIR, KERN RIVER, CALIF. Location. The area covered by this project comprises the upper watershed of Kern River, its valley alluvial fan (which includes the Buena Vista Lake area and a large portion of that part of the San Joaquin Valley floor south of Tulare Lake), and the Tulare Lake area. Kern River is the most southerly of the major streams flowing into the San Joaquin Valley and drains an area of some 2,400 square miles in the Sierra Nevada. North Fork and South Fork, headwaters of Kern River, have their sources in the high Sierra Nevada, flow south 83 and 82 miles, respectively, and join near the town of Isabella to form Kern River, which flows south- west 72 miles past the city of Bakersfield to a point in the valley trough just north of Buena Vista Lake. River flows at this point are either diverted into the Buena Vista Lake Basin for temporary storage or are carried northwest along the trough of the valley toward Tulare Lake by improved flood and irrigation channels. Under normal conditions of runoff the flow of Kern River below Bakersville is gradually dissipated by irrigation diversions so that Kern River water reaches Tulare Lake only during large floods. (See U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles of the area.) Existing project. The improvement is a unit in the compre- hensive plan for flood control and other related purposes for the Sacramento-San Joaquin Basins. The project provides for con- struction of a 185 foot high earthfill structure, an ungated con- crete spillway in the left abutment with a discharge capacity of 53,000 cubic feet per second, and a 100 foot high earthfill auxiliary dam, to create a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of 550,000 acre-feet, for flood control, irrigation, and related purposes. Out- let facilities for the existing Borel Power Canal are included in the auxiliary dam. The dam is located about 50 miles northeast of the city of Bakersfield, California, near the confluence of the north and south forks of Kern River; the auxiliary dam is about 1398 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 one-half mile east of the main dam. Construction of the dam was completed in April 1953. The improvement provides flood protection for about 350,000 acres of agricultural land and oil fields in the Kern River area and for the city of Bakersfield. In conjunction with the author- ized projects on Kings, Kaweah, and Tule Rivers, it will provide flood protection to 260,000 acres of cropland in the Tulare Lake area. The project also provides an improvement in the average annual irrigation water supply amounting to about 56,000 acre- feet of new water, through reduction in evaporation losses, and provides means for regulating the present irrigation supply. No power facilities are provided in the authorized construction, but existing downstream plants will benefit incidentally from reser- voir regulations. The latest approved estimate of Federal cost for new work (1954) is $21,093,000, of which $4,478,700 is for lands and dam- ages and $16,614,300 for construction. Operation and maintenance of the dam and reservoir is the responsibility of the Federal government; the latest (1953) ap- proved estimate for annual Federal cost of this operation and maintenance is $71,000. Local interests will reimburse the United States for the conservation accomplishments of the project. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of December 22, 1944. (See H. Doc. 513, 78th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Payment, as determined by the Secretary of the Army upon the basis of continuing studies by the Bureau of Reclamation, the Department of the Army, and local organi- zations, is to be made to the United States by the State or other responsible agency for the conservation storage when used. Studies to determine the amount of this payment have been initi- ated. Local interests state they will meet these requirements. The State of California has officially adopted the project by chapter 1514 of the Statutes of 1945, State of California, approved July 19, 1945. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Engi- neering, including preparation of contract plans and specifications, was continued. Land acquisition activities have been completed except for legal proceedings. Preparation of the operation and maintenance manual, operation and maintenance of construction facilities, and establishment of sedimentation ranges was con- tinued, by hired labor. In addition, hired labor was utilized in connection with the purchase and installation of electric tape gages and for the installation of local wire transmitter facilities for 1 stream gage. Construction was completed under contracts for the following items of work: Reservoir clearing, Area "B", with 50 percent of the work accomplished this fiscal year; in- stallation of 2 stream gages and a rating station near Bodfish and Kernville, 26 percent this fiscal year; and relocation of Pacific Telephone Company lines, 1 percent this fiscal year. Removal of FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1399 Southern California Edison Company power distribution lines and appurtenances was continued, by a continuing contract, with 40 percent of the work accomplished this fiscal year. Construc- tion of hydrologic telemetering system, Kern River, was initiated by contract and is 5 percent complete. Conversion of part of the existing administration building to operators' quarters and grouting of the outlet tower of the main dam were accomplished by contracts. In addition, clearing, removing, and burning brush and debris remaining from removing buildings in the reservoir area was accomplished by hired labor and rented equipment. Maintenance: Maintenance and operation of the dam and reser- voir, service facilities, and public recreational facilities was ac- complished by hired labor. In addition, hired labor was utilized during the fiscal year for condition and operation inspections and for condition surveys, including maintenance of gages and gage readings. Removal and burning of debris from the reservoir area was accomplished by hired labor and rented equipment. Isabella Reservoir was operated under interim regulations for flood control only prior to April 15, 1954. A maximum of 1,120 acre-feet was stored during this period. Operation for conservation under interim contract with North Kern Water Storage District, Buena Vista Water Storage District, and Tulare Lake Basin Water Storage District was initiated on April 15, 1954. A maximum storage of 85,400 acre-feet occurred during the fiscal year, and 69,500 acre-feet was in storage at the end of the fiscal year. No releases for flood control were made subse- quent to April 15, 1954. Total costs during the year for the project were $514,554, of which $476,768 was for new work and $37,786 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction was initiated in March 1948; the project is 97 percent complete; and is operating to provide the flood protection and conservation benefits for which it was designed. Construction of the main dam and Borel Canal outlet works and appurtenances and completion of the auxiliary dam was completed in April 1953. Other major features com- pleted include: Acquisition of lands required for the project ex- cept for legal proceedings; relocations of roads and utilities; construction of operational buildings; alteration of IBorel Canal and facilities; relocation of United States Forest Service facilities; and reservoir clearing. Items remaining to complete the project consist of completion of work underway; malaria control; completion of minor reservoir clearing; completion of minor public use and sanitary facilities; and the installation of gages and communication facilities for operating purposes. Project completion is currently scheduled for fiscal year 1956. Maintenance and operation of the project was initiated in fiscal year 1954. Total cost for the project to June 30, 1954, was $20,563,957, of which $20,526,171 was for new work and $37,786 for maintenance. 1400 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 To tal to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 I 1951 1952 1953 1954 pr ior to 1954 New work: Appropriated $2, 550,000 $2, 855, 000 $4,500, 000 1$6,980,000 $20, 743,000 __ . . .__. - Cost ..... 1, 756,128 2, 175, 863 6, 679, 907 7, 453,309 $476,768 20, 526,171 Maintenance: Appropriated_.. Cost-------------- ------------ -- -----.----- I ---- I I I 38,700 37, 786 38, 700 37, 786 1 Does not include reserve of $350,000 retained in OCE for the project. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $133,695 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955___ 133,695 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project_ - --- 350,000 16. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance Terminus Reservoir, Kaweah River, Calif .--- 1953 $343,472 ----------- S?$17, 056, 528 Success Reservoir, Tule River, Calif-..........-. 1953 401,318 -------------- 1 712, 598,682 Humboldt River and tributaries, Nevada -----1951 ... 10,900,000 Jordan River, Salt Lake City, Utah - 1951 42, 399 ------------ 1 6 1,127, 601 Little Valley Wash, Magna, Utah__-_-_ - _ 1951 16 707 000 Sevier River, near Redmond, Utah-....------------- 1952 a 919, 000 (6), (8) Spanish Fork River, Utah---------.... --- -__1953 1 228,000 Emergency Flood Control Work under authority 1951 $3.069.099 (8) of Public Laws 138 and 318, 78th Cong., Public Law 75, 79th Cong., and 102, 80th Cong. Emergency Bank Protection under authority of 1953 3 40,013 -------------. (8) Section 14 of the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. Emergency Flood Control Work under authority 1953 S1, 919, 202 (8) of Section 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. 1 1954. 2 In addition, $48,000 was expended from contributed project funds. 3 In addition, $12,700 was expended from contributed funds. 4 In addition, $184,986 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance. Fiscal year 1953 cost adjusted to exclude $7,832 erroneously reported under this improvement in lieu of Sect. 210 of Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950. Actual fiscal year 1953 costs were $88,033. $7,832 was revoked in fiscal year 1954. 5 In addition, local interests are to contribute $2,762,000 toward the cost of construction, making a total first cost of $13,662,000. 6 The latest estimates (1954) of costs to local interests are as follows: Humboldt River and tributaries, Nev., $1,248,000 in addition to the above cash contribution; Jordan River, Utah, $318,000; Little Valley Wash, Utah, $29,000; Sevier River, Utah, $70,000 in addition to cash contribution; and Spanish Fork River, Utah, $83,000. 7 The latest (1948) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of maintenance is as follows: Terminus Reservoir, Calif., $114,900; Success Reservoir, Calif. $43,000; and Humboldt River and tributaries, Nev., $75,000. s Completed. 17. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. Work performed under this cate- gory includes all investigations of authorized navigation and flood control preliminary examination, survey, and review studies for FLOOD CONTROL-SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1401 the purpose of determining the advisability of recommending proj- ects for construction. Total costs and expenditures during fiscal year 1954 were $14,428. The balance unexpended on June 30, 1954, amounting to $58 will be applied to examinations and surveys. Additional funds in the amount of $83,000 can be profitably expended in fiscal year 1955. $63,000 would be utilized to expedite the preparation of investi- gational reports as follows: Gleason Creek, Robinson Watershed, vicinity of Ely, and Martin Creek, vicinity of Paradise Valley, Humboldt County, Nev.-Initiate and complete preliminary ex- amination reports, $6,000 each; Walnut Creek Drainage Area, Contra Costa County, Calif.-Initiate and complete preliminary examination and survey report, $29,000; Jordan River Basin, Utah -Continue interim report, $15,000; and Sacramento-San Jo- aquin Delta, Calif.-Continue review of survey report, $7,000. The additional sum of $107,600 for examinations and surveys can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1956 for preparation of examination and survey reports. Collection and study of basic data. This activity includes the collection and study of basic data pertaining to navigation, flood control, and related programs, which cannot be assigned to au- thorized projects or examinations and surveys, and which are required for maintaining up-to-date information essential to the proper evaluation of water resources of river basins. Total costs and expenditures during fiscal year 1954 were $5,000. Additional funds in the amount of $20,000 would be utilized for miscellaneous studies in connection with collection and study of basic data consisting of stream flow and recording rain gage data; storm studies, and economic studies. The additional funds for miscellaneous studies are considered to be essential to provide for the uninterrupted collection and analysis of basic data for the river basins concerned, and particularly in view of the very lim- ited funds which were made available for expenditure during the prior fiscal year 1954. The additional sum of $20,000 for miscel- laneous studies in connection with collection and study of basic data can be profitably expended during fiscal year 1956 for mis- cellaneous studies consisting of collection and analysis of hydro- logic data, storm studies, sedimentation studies, flood investigation, and general economic studies. Miscellaneous studies in connection with the collection and study of basic data were conducted to the extent permitted by the very limited funds available for fiscal year 1954. Stream flow data and recording rain gage data were obtained from the operation of gen- eral coverage stations in the noncooperative Corps of Engineers stream gaging program and independent general coverage rain gages operated by Sacramento District which could not be assigned to authorized project or examination and survey investigations. Analysis of flood potential on all principal streams of the Sacra- mento District was accomplished from current runoff, snow cover, and soil moisture data. Aerial reconnaissance surveys were con- ducted of the snow falls in the Cascade-Sierra Nevada area for 1402 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 rain flood potential and progress of snow melt runoff. In addi- tion, a flood reporting network was developed and maintained throughout the district in cooperation with U. S. Forest Service, U. S. Weather Bureau, U. S. Geological Survey, State of California, and local interests. The above studies provided for partial assem- bly and analysis of basic data covering the Sacramento-San Jo- aquin River Basins and for use in developing the regulations for Shasta and Friant Reservoirs, operated by the Bureau of Recla- mation. The development of these operating regulations, in ac- cordance with Section 7 of the 1944 Flood Control Act, are further reported upon under Improvement No. 20 "Scheduling of Flood Control Operations". 18. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED WORKS Projects authorized subject to specified conditions of local co- operation are transferred to responsible local interests upon com- pletion of construction for operation and maintenance in accord- ance with the requirements of the authorizing legislation. Ap- proved regulations for operation and maintenance of flood control works, Part 208, Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations, provide for semiannual inspection by the District of completed projects which have been transferred to local interests for operation and main- tenance to determine the status of the project and to insure com- pliance with regulations. During fiscal year 1954, inspections were made of the following projects: Sevier River, Redmond and vicinity, Utah; completed units of the Sacramento River flood control project; various emer- gency flood control works under authority of section 208 of the Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948, section 210 of the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, section 14 of the Flood Con- trol Act approved July 24, 1946, and Public Law 371 approved June 4, 1952; and snagging and clearing projects under authority of section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved August 28, 1937, as amended. Total cost for maintenance during the year was $1,105. Total costs for maintenance to June 30, 1954, were $8,005. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 Maintenance: A p p r op r iate d _ .. . . _ _- . .-.. . . . $4 , 450 $2, 500 $1, 100 $8 ,050 Cost_------------- 1,385 $1,494 4,022 1,105 8,005 19. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Section 13 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act.) Operations during the fiscal year included completion of the FLOOD CONTROL--SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1403 snagging and clearing of the channel of Marsh Creek, Contra Costa County, Calif. initiated in fiscal year 1953, by hired labor. See page 1810, Annual Report, 1953, for local cooperation requirements for this improvement; the requirements were fully complied with prior to construction. Snagging and clearing the channel of Salt Creek, near Nephi, Utah, by hired labor and rented equipment, was also accomplished during the fiscal year. Local interests furnished assurances, prior to initiation of construction, that they would provide all necessary rights-of-way, hold and save the United States free from damages, and maintain the work after completion; requirements were fully complied with. Plans and specifications for equipment rental were prepared for snagging and clearing of Cottonwood Slough and the South Fork of Willow Slough in the vicinity of Madison, Calif. Operations were not initiated in fiscal year 1954. Local interests were re- quested on April 30, 1954, to furnish assurances that they will provide all necessary rights-of-way, hold and save the United States free from damages that may occur as a result of the work, and maintain the work after completion. The assurance agreement has been furnished; this work will be accomplished in fiscal year 1955. Total costs for new work during fiscal year 1954 were $32,758 from Federal funds. Total costs to June 30, 1954, for new work were $1,255,122, of which $1,251,122 was from Federal funds and $4,000 from con- tributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 New work: Appropriated--------..... $191, 734 $145, 934 $56, 671 $211, 264 $38, 153 1 $1, 290098 Cost---------------- 103, 195 100, 921 141, 012 229, 031 32, 758 1 1251, 122 1 In.addition, $4,000 was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954---------_ -_ $31,510 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ---------------------------------------------- 31,510 Flood control emergencies--Repair and flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Operations during the fiscal year under the provisions of this act consisted of the completion of emergency levee repairs to Bethel Island, Reclamation District No. 1619, along Piper Slough San Joaquin River, Calif., by hired labor and rented clamshell dredge; 10 percent of the work was accomplished this fiscal year. Total cost during fiscal year 1954 for the above work was $1,801 for maintenance from United States funds. 1404 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Total costs to June 30, 1954, for maintenance were $1,601,083, of which $1,578,207 were from United States funds and $22,876 from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June .. . . . . .30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 Maintenance: A p p ro p ria ted _.. _ .. ............ $6 9 2, 73 4 $4 2 , 101 $3 2, 624 - $13, 40 5 1 $1, 58 3 , 70 5 Cost-.- -- $29, 391 377, 241 279, 165 290, 349 1, 801 11, 578, 207 1 In addition, $22,876.09 was expended from contributed funds. 2 Fiscal year 1953 cost of $90,349 includes adjustment of $7,832 erroneously reported as cost for emergency flood control work under section 208 of Flood Control Act approved June 30, 1948. Flood control emergencies---Repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Operations during the fiscal year under the provisions of this act also consisted of the completion of emergency levee repairs along the right bank of Sacramento River 21/2 miles above Sacra- mento Wier, Reclamation District No. 537, Calif., by contract; 89 percent of the work was accomplished this year. All requirements of local cooperation were fully complied with. Total costs during fiscal year 1954 for the above work were $34,858 from United States funds. Total costs to June 30, 1954, for work under the provisions of this act were $238,847, of which $226,347 were from United States funds and $12,500 from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 Maintenance: Appropria : ted A pp rop riated ------- ....------- !I .-.------- . ........ $254,471 1 1$2 4 -$28, 124 I$226, 347 Cost-_ . - -191,489 34, 858 1226, 347 1 In addition, $12,500 was expended from contributed project funds. 20. SCHEDULING OF FLOOD CONTROL OPERATIONS Section 7 of the Flood Control Act approved December 22, 1944, reads as follows: "Hereafter, it shall be the duty of the Secretary of War to pre- scribe regulations for the use of storage allocated for flood control or navigation at all reservoirs constructed wholly or in part with Federal funds provided on the basis of such purposes, and the op- eration of any such project shall be in accordance with such regu- lations: Provided, That this section shall not apply to the Ten- nessee Valley Authority, except that in case of danger from floods on the lower Ohio and Mississippi Rivers the Tennessee Valley Au- thority is directed to regulate the release of water from the Ten- FLOOD CONTROL---SACRAMENTO, CALIF., DISTRICT 1405 nessee River into the Ohio River in accordance with such instructions as may be issued by the War Department." In accordance with the provision of the above authorization continuing studies are being conducted for the purpose of devel- oping and prescribing regulations for Friant Reservoir, operated by the Bureau of Reclamation. During the fiscal year, navigation flow requirements were ana- lyzed to determine operational criteria for Shasta Reservoir. A draft of the reservoir regulation manual for Shasta Reservoir and draft of flood control regulations for Friant Reservoir were pre- pared. Data were assembled on weather, river stages and flows, and tidal stages in the Sacramento and San Joaquin River Basins for determination of the effect upon the operation of these reser- voirs. In addition, charts of monthly reservoir operations were submitted to the Chief of Engineers. The cost of this work during the fiscal year 1954 was $2,500. Total cost for this work to June 30, 1954, was $24,183. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to lune 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1954 Maintenance: Appropriated ..--- $12, 913 $1,997 $999 $2, 500 $24,183 Cost . 12, 913 1,997 999 2, 500 24,183 IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT This district comprises all of Oregon which lies within the watershed of Columbia River and tributaries below Irrigon, also the coastal drainage area, together with south central Oregon, not including that part which drains into Klamath Lake and River. It also includes that part of southern Washington within said watershed and downstream from a point opposite Irrigon, Oreg. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control Page Page 1. Columbia River and tributaries 24. Amazon Creek, Oreg ........ 1453 above Celilo Falls to-Kenne- 25. Willamette River Basin, Port- wick, Wash_ _ . 1408 land District, Oreg ...... 1454 2. The Dalles Dam, Columbia 26. Hills Creek Dam, Willamette River, Wash. and Oreg .... 1410 River Basin, Oreg__ 1458 3. The Dalles-Celilo Canal, Oreg. 27. Lookout Point Reservoir, and Wash_ 1412 Willamette River Basin, 4. Columbia River at Bonneville, Oreg 1459 Oreg 1414 28. Cottage Grove Reservoir, 5. Restoration of Indian Fishing Willamette River Basin, Grounds, Bonneville, Oreg__ 1418 Oreg-------- 1461 6. Columbia River between Van- 29. Dorena Reservoir, Willamette couver, Wash. and The River Basin, Oreg- 1462 Dalles, Oreg___________ 1419 30. Fern Ridge Reservoir, Willa- 7. Willamette River, above Port- mette River Basin, Oreg -.. 1464 land, and Yamhill River, 31. Cougar Dam, Willamette River Oreg___ 1421 Basin, Oreg_ 1465 8. Willamette River at Willa- - - 32. Green Peter Dam, Willamette mette Falls, Oreg ___ 1425 River Basin, Oreg ....... 1466 9. Columbia and Lower Willa- 33. Detroit Reservoir, Willamette mette Rivers below Van- River Basin, Oreg ........ 1467 couver, Wash., and Portland, 34. Willamette River Basin, Oreg. Oreg"___ 1427 (Bank Protection) ........ 1470 10. Cowlitz River, Wash_ ____ __ 1432 35. Lower Columbia River Basin, 11. Skipanon Channel, Oreg.. .- 1433 Oreg. and Wash____ 1472 12. Columbia River between Chi- 36. Sandy Drainage District, Mult- nook, Wash. and head of nomah County, Oreg., Lower Sand Island_ 1434 Columbia River Basin Levees 13. Columbia River at Baker Bay, and Improvement to Exist- Wash 1435 ing Projects __- 1474 14. Columbia River at the mouth, 37. Inactive flood control projects_ 1475 Oregon and Washington.__- 1437 38. General investigations ....... 1476 15. Nehalem Bay, Oreg 1439 39. Inspection of completed flood 16. Tillamook Bay and Bar, Oreg_.. 1440 control works- 1477 17. Depoe Bay, Oreg_ 1441 40. Flood control work under 18. Yaquina Bay and Harbor, Oreg 1442 special authorization ...... 1478 19. Umpqua River, Oreg __.... 1445 20. Coos Bay, Oreg_ 1447 21. Coquille River, Oreg ........ 1450 22. Snagging and clearing of chan- nels in the interest of naviga- tion under authority of sec- tion 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945------_--------- 1452 23. Inactive navigation projects__ 1452 1407 Sig 45-1407-1438 1408 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 1. COLUMBIA RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES ABOVE CELILO FALLS TO KENNEWICK, WASH. Location. This project includes improvement of the 128-mile stretch between the head of Celilo Falls and Kennewick, Wash. For brief description of Columbia River, see page 1427. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Washington.) Previous project. The original project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 10, 1872, and modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1907. For further details, see page 1992 of Annual Report for 1915; page 1889, Annual Report for 1931; and page 1845, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 7 feet deep and 150 feet wide at low water from Celilo Falls to Wallula, with no specified depth or width between Wallula and the mouth of the Snake River; for an approach channel 6 feet deep at low water from the navigation channel in the Columbia River to the site of port development at Arlington, Oreg.; for removal of obstructions in the channel from the mouth of the Snake River to Kennewick, Wash.; and for an approach channel 6 feet deep from the channel in the Columbia River to the site of terminal developments at Kennewick. The section included in the project is 128 miles long. The lower end of the project is about 200 miles from the mouth of the river. The summer freshets occur from May to August and the ordinary freshets reach a stage of 21 feet on Umatilla gage. The highest flood (1894) reached a stage of 341/2 feet at Umatilla. Freshets due to rains sometimes occur in the early winter, but rarely exceed a 9-foot stage. Ice conditions, usually occurring in January or February, sometimes suspend navigation for 2 weeks or more. Construction of McNary Dam has obviated the necessity for channel work between Umatilla Rapids and Kennewick, Wash. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for new work is $1,775,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1954) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $120,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts i Work authorized Documents' Apr. 8, 1935 Emergency Relief Appropriation Act authorized the Rivers and Harbors Committee existing project as an Emergency Relief project. Doc. 16, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 Adopted existing project as a river and harbor project_ J 1 M ar. 2, 1945 Arlington approach channel ......... ................ S. Doc. 28, 76th Cong., 1st sess. Do .. Kennewick approach channel __________---------- -If. Doc. 324, 77th Cong., 1st sess. 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, provides that for each of the Arlington and Kennewick channels local interests give assurance that they will construct a suitable freight terminal, open to all on equal terms, and for the Kennewick channel that they furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the improvements and their subsequent mainte- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1409 nance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvements. Assurances of cooperation for work at Arlington were approved December 29, 1947, but a suitable freight terminal has not yet been constructed. Terminal facilities. There is one public wharf on this stretch of the river located at Pasco, Wash. (mile 127.2 above Celilo), and owned by the port of Pasco. A bulk grain elevator of 500,000- bushel capacity, with rail, truck, and water connections, is located adjacent to the wharf at Pasco; a bulk grain elevator of 1,200,000- bushel capacity, with rail, truck, and water connections is located at Kennewick, Wash. (mile 129.6 above Celilo); and a 300,000- bushel capacity grain elevator is located at Arlington, Oreg. Other facilities for handling bulk grain from truck to river craft, but without rail connections, are as follows: A bulk grain elevator of 150,000-bushel capacity at Port Kelley, Wash. (mile 110.6 above Celilo); a 335,000-bushel elevator at Umatilla (mile 88 above Celilo); and a 40,000-bushel elevator at Blalock (mile 32 above Celilo). There are privately owned storage facilities for handling petroleum products with capacities and locations as follows: At Pasco, Wash. (mile 127.2 above Celilo), 9,000,000 gallons with rail, truck, and water connections; and at Umatilla, Oreg. (mile 88 above Celilo), 13,403,425 gallons of which 8,494,425 gallons have rail connections and 4,909,000 gallons with truck and water connec- tions only. There is a railroad located on each bank of the river, but there is no physical connection between the railroad and the river except as noted. At Irrigon, Oreg., there is a privately owned wharf for the shipment of lumber and general cargo by barge. Also, on the Oregon shore, across the river from Patterson, Wash. (mile 76 above Celilo), there is a privately owned dock for the shipment of general cargo by barge. Located on the Snake River, a tributary of the Columbia River (between mouth and mile 2.7) there are privately owned storage facilities for handling petroleum products with a capacity of 38,- 271,597 gallons with pipeline, rail, truck, and water connections with a planned immediate installation of facilities for handling and storage of 2,180,000 gallons of liquid ammonia and 5,000 barrels of bulk cement. These facilities, with planned extensions, are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Hy- drographic condition surveys were made at a cost of $2,336.26. Inspections and reports were made at a cost of $356.69. Total costs for the fiscal year were $2,692.95, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 90 percent complete. The authorized 7 foot channel 150 feet wide has been completed to the foot of Umatilla Rapids but channel rectification at Indian Rapids, Squally Hook Rapids, and Owyhee Rapids remains to complete this stretch of the project. The controlling depth between Celilo Falls and the foot of Umatilla Rapids is 7 feet, survey of August 1953. Construction of McNary Dam at Umatilla Rapids has been un- 1410 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 derway since May 1947. The navigation lock is officially opened to river traffic, and for that portion of the project above McNary Dam project depths or greater are available at all times. Total costs have been $2,128,731, of which $1,356,584 (includ- ing $400,000 emergency relief funds) was for new work and $772,- 147 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated ------........------------------------- ------------------ -----...................-- $1, 851,195 Cost -----------------------------------------------------------.................... 1, 851, 195 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $73, 377 $25, 500 $9, 840 $4 000 $2, 600 873,263 Cost---- ---------- 73, 377 25, 500 9, 840 3, 621 2, 693 872, 977 1Includes $494,611 for new work and $100,830 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $25,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds, for the previous project. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project$--------------------------419,716 2. THE DALLES DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, WASH. AND OREG. Location. The site of this project is on Columbia River at the head of the pool behind Bonneville Dam, approximately 192.5 miles above the mouth of the river and 90 miles east of Portland, Oreg. Existing project. This project provides for a dam, powerplant, navigation lock and appurtenant facilities. The improvement will provide for navigation and hydroelectric power generation. The dam is designed for a normal pool at elevation 160 mean sea level. The normal pool will create a reservoir extending upstream about 31 miles, providing slackwater to the John Day Dam site. The total length of The Dalles Dam will be approximately 8,700 feet and will consist of a rock, gravel, and sand closure section from the Oregon shore connecting to the powerhouse, then concrete non- overflow sections connecting the spillway with the powerhouse and the spillway with the navigation lock located at the right abutment on the Washington shore. Fish passing facilities including two ladders will be provided. The 2,150-foot powerhouse will be con- structed for 16 units with 14 units installed initially and substruc- ture will be constructed for 6 additional units, an ultimate total of 22 units. The rated capacity of each unit is to be 78,000 kilowatts and the initial installation is to be 1,092,000 kilowatts. The spill- way dam will be 1,370 feet long and located near the right abut- ment. The overflow crest at elevation 121 mean sea level will be surmounted with 23 radial gates 50 feet wide by 43 feet high which will provide capacity to pass a spillway design flood of 2,290,000 cubic feet per second. The deck will be at elevation 185.0 mean sea level and will provide a service road and track for two gantry cranes. The navigation lock will have clear plan dimensions of 86 feet by 675 feet and a single lift of about 87.5 feet with minimum depth over the sill 15 feet and normally 20 feet. The lock will in- clude upstream and downstream guard and guide walls to protect RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1411 boats and tows from adverse currents. The structures will be founded on Columbia River basalt. The estimate of cost for new work approved in 1954 is $300,000,- 000, of which $64,949,100 is for lands and damages, including re- locations, and $235,050,900 for construction. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session. Operations and results during fiscal year. Excavation work in the powerhouse, spillway dam, stilling basin, tailrace, and approach channel areas progressed satisfactorily throughout the fiscal year except for a shutdown of operations during January 1954, occa- sioned by unfavorable weather conditions. Construction of the spillway dam and the powerhouse substructure for the first 14 main generating units (phase I) is in progress, each under con- tinuing contracts. Concrete placing initiated in December 1953 is in progress in the stilling basin, the spillway, and the draft tubes and intake structure of the powerhouse. Work under a third con- tinuing contract for excavation and construction of the substruc- ture for main unit bays 15 through 22, the east fishladder and east concrete nonoverflow dam (phase III) was initiated January 1954, and is scheduled to be complete in April 1956. Grading operations and construction of bridges for relocation of the U.P.R.R. and U. S. Highway No. 30 on the Oregon shore were in progress under several continuing contracts, all of which were on or ahead of schedule. Negotiations with the S. P. &S. Railway for relocation of approxi- mately 14 miles of main line track on the Washington shore were in progress and a draft of the proposed agreement prepared. Land acquisition was continued and settlement negotiations with the Indian tribes in connection with their fishing rights were in progress. Design and fabrication of turbines for the first 14 main and the two fishwater supply generating units, the powerhouse intake gates and appurtenances, bridge cranes and other powerhouse equipment were under way under various contracts. Contract plans and specifications for construction of the naviga- tion lock, adjacent gravity dam, and fish ladder, were completed and it is proposed to award a continuing contract for this work in September 1954. Preparation of plans and specifications for con- struction of the powerhouse superstructure was under way with a contract scheduled to be awarded early in calendar year 1955. Total costs for the fiscal year were $21,890,701.19, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated in February 1952 is 13 percent complete as a whole. Construction of the spillway dam and appurtenances is 46 percent complete and is scheduled to be 100 percent complete December 1955. Construction of the powerhouse substructure for the first 14 main units and the substructure for units 15 through 22 is 22 per- cent and 6 percent complete, respectively. U.P.R.R. and U. S. Highway No. 30 grading and bridge construction currently under contract is 44 percent complete. Engineering and design for the 1412 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 remainder of the required relocation work is well advanced. Plans and specifications for the closure contract and procurement of powerhouse mechanical and electrical equipment and for miscel- laneous items of construction are being prepared and the work will be advertised for bids as plans are completed and approved, pro- vided necessary funds are available. Total costs have been $38,123,412, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: ......--..---------- Appropriated------ $800, 000 $4, 000,000 $19, 876,000 $32, 000, 000 $56, 676, 000 Cost -------------------------- 542,207 2,993,596 12,696,907 21,890, 701 38,123,412 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $412, 537 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .... _ 36,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ --------------------------------------- 36,412,537 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project -- - ___________--- -------- 207,324,000 3. THE DALLES-CELILO CANAL, OREG. AND WASH. Location. This improvement embraces about 12 miles of the Columbia River between The Dalles and Celilo, Oreg. (See U. S. Geological Survey map of Oregon.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894. For further details see page 1993 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1842 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for open river improvement from the foot of Threemile Rapids to the foot of The Dalles (Five- mile) Rapids, and a continuous canal on the Oregon shore from the foot of The Dalles (Fivemile) Rapids to the head of Celilo Falls, the canal to have a depth of 8 feet, width of 65 feet at the bottom, and length of 81/ miles, with 4 locks, as follows: Detailed information of locks Dimensions Lift Avail- Miles Great- able from est depth When lower Lock Foundation length Clear Low High on com- Cost en- avail- width water water lower pleted trance able for (feet) (feet) (feet) sill full (feet) width (feet) 0 Big Eddy lock ___ Rock....---------- 265 45 44. 7 18 9. 2 1941 $477, 600 1. 6 Fivemile lock-.......... do_,--------- 265 45 10. 1 15 8. 7 1915 246, 700 5. 2 Tenmile lock 2 __ ... do __-...... 265 50 6 7. 8 1915 149, 600 8. 1 Celilo lock 2a_-..... ..-- .do---------......... 265 45 ....... _ 6 7. 9 1915 103, 200 SOriginally constructed tandem locks converted to single lift lock in 1941. SNot used at low water. RIVERS AND HARBORS--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1413 There are no dams in the canal. The lower end of the canal is about 4 miles and the lower end of the Threemile Rapids about 11/2 miles above The Dalles, Oreg. The normal pool level at the lower end of the canal has an eleva- tion of 72.5 feet above mean sea level and the highest flood 114.2 feet above mean sea level. At the upper end of the canal the nor- mal freshets are about 18 feet and the maximum rise 33 feet. The canal was designed to operate to a stage of 18 feet at the upper pool and is then "drowned out" until the river recedes to a stage of 18 feet. The actual cost for new work was $4,669,092.23, exclusive of amount expended on previous projects. The estimate of annual cost of operation and care, made in 1952, is $172,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 (Annual Report, 1904, p. 3475). Operation and care of the canal were included in the project July 1, 1935, under the provisions of the Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act ap- proved June 26, 1934. For latest published map see Annual Re- port for 1915, page 3380. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. None. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The canal and locks were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year except for the periods from 8:00 a.m., September 28, to 7:00 a.m., September 30, 1953, when the locks and canal were closed for inspection, cleaning and repairs. The various items of maintenance (operation and care) and their costs were as follows: Operation of locks and canal . -............. 8$80, 334.83 Ordinary maintenance and repair.............. 8, 008.52 Dredging canal and turning basin .......... -- - 7, 364.99 Total.... .....................- 95, 708.34 Two temporary pipe lines were installed during May and June 1954 for use in pumping petroleum products around Big Eddy lock when water stages and The Dalles Dam construction make navigation hazardous or impossible. The cost of construction of this facility and its maintenance is chargeable to The Dalles Dam but the facility is to be operated by navigation interests at their expense. Total costs for the fiscal year were $95,708.34, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. - The canal and locks were com- pleted in 1919. The originally constructed tandem locks at Big Eddy were converted into a single lift lock in 1941. The available dimensions of the locks and canal are inadequate for the existing traffic. The Dalles Dam, Columbia River, Wash. and Oreg., a multiple purpose project now under construction will when completed provide adequate navigation facilities and will inundate the existing facilities of "The Dalles-Celilo Canal". The existing facilities of The Dalles-Celilo Canal will be maintained until navigation facilities in connection with The Dalles Dam are completed. 1414 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Total costs under the existing project have been $6,748,780 of which $4,669,092 was for new work, $5,445 for maintenance and $2,074,243 for operation and care. In addition the sum of $525,267.16 was expended between May 5, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on operation and care of the work of improvement, under provision of the permanent indefinite appropriation for such pur- poses. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated _ ----------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ $4, 716, 205 Cost....------------------- ----------------------- ------------------------ 4,716,205 Maintenance: Appropriated........ $145, 500 $151, 000 $120, 000 $ 97,000 $110, 000 2,618, 872 Cost---------------- 130, 403 132, 912 140, 126 110,693 95, 708 2,604, 956 I Includes $47,113 for new work for previous projects. 4. COLUMBIA RIVER AT BONNEVILLE, OREG. Location. This project is located on Columbia River, 42 miles east of Portland, Oreg., about 144 miles above the mouth of the river. For description of Columbia River see page 1427. Existing project. This project provides for a dam, power plant, and lock, for power and navigation. The spillway dam extends across the main river channel from the Washington shore to Brad- ford Island, which divides the river at this point. The overflow crest at 24 feet above mean sea level is surmounted by 18 vertical lift-steel gates placed between piers which extend to elevation 99 feet where a service roadway permits the operation of two 350-ton gantry cranes for regulating the gates. The powerhouse extending across Bradford Slough to the Oregon shore has an installation of 10 units, consisting of 2 units of 43,200 kilowatts each and 8 units of 54,000 kilowatts each, totaling 518,400 kilo- watts. The ordinary and extreme fluctuations of the river at the lower lock gate are about 21 and 47 feet, respectively. The proj- ect includes fish ladders and locks to serve both the main channel and the Bradford Slough channel. The lock and powerhouse are founded on andesite, and the main dam rests upon solidified sedi- mentary rock of volcanic origin. The pool created by the dam provides a navigable channel with a depth of 30 feet and over between Bonneville and Big Eddy, a distance of 47 miles. The principal data concerning the ship lock and spillway dam are shown in the following table: Ship lock Dimensions: Clear width of chamber.................................. 76 feet. Greatest length available for full width..........-.. 500 feet. Lift (vertical): At extreme low water and normal pool level. 66 feet. At normal river stage_..........-....-..---.---..... 59 feet. At extreme high water ....-... ............ About 30 feet. ......--.--- Depth over miter sills at adopted low water.-.. 24.2 feet. Character of foundation- -- _---....... ........ ... Andesite. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1415 Spillway dam Opened to navigation.........-------------------.....................---- January 1938. Type of construction--..---... ------------------- Concrete, gravity. Completed--------.....----...---.......-------------------.....................----.. 1938. Capacity------ --------------- ----------- 1,600 000 cubic feet per second. Elevation of gate sills on crest of spillway -------- 23.3 feet. Height above lowest foundation ...-.-----------------..- About 170 feet. Length of dam proper-.....-.......... ........................... 1,090 feet. Length of dam overall-..-..-...................................._ 1,230 feet. Width at base..........------ 200 feet. ...........---....--...------..............--------........ Gate openings....----------------------------------------- 18. Crest overflow (above mean sea level) ... __-................ 24 feet. Pool elevation (normal) (above mean sea level)-~..- 72 feet. Power plant Length .-........ .....------------- 1,027 feet. Width---............----- --------------------- 190 feet. Height (roof to bedrock).............--------------------- 190 feet. Generator (station unit) ...........--------------------- 1 4,000-kw. 0.8 power factor. Generators.... ...... ------------ 2 43,200-kw. 0.9 power factor. 8 54,000-kw. 0.9 power factor. Total rated capacity __--.......... __ ..--.- .. 518,400-kw. 0.9 power factor. .................................. Speed..... ......................... ... . 75 revolutions per minute. ... The actual cost of the dam, navigation lock, 10-power unit gen- erating installation, fishways, and attendant buildings and grounds is $83,210,608, of which $6,072,480 is for navigation facilities, $39,322,037 is for power facilities, and $37,816,091 is for joint facilities, consisting of dam, fishways, buildings, and grounds, and the headwall section of power units 0 to 6, cost of which ($2,106,000) is allocated to dam and reservoir facilities. The esti- mated annual cost approved in 1953 of operation and maintenance exclusive of improvements, reconstruction, or contingencies, is $1,215,000. Of this amount $55,000 is for navigation, $560,000 for power and $600,000 for joint facilities. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents The existing project was originally authorized Sept. 30, 1933, by the Federal Emergency Administra- tion of Public Works. Aug. 30, 1935 Existing project authorized by Congress-............ Senate committee print, 73d Cong., 2d seas. (Report of Chief of Engineers, dated Aug. 21, 1933.) Aug. 20,1937 This act authorized the completion, maintenance, (Pub. 329, and operation of the Bonneville project under the 75th Cong.) direction of the Secretary of War and the super- vision of the Chief of Engineers, subject to certain provisions contained therein relating to the powers and duties of the Bonneville Power Administrator. Operations and results during fiscal year. The project was in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year, with ordinary maintenance and repairs accomplished as required. The naviga- tion lock was in continuous operation, except from July 1 to 9:40 a.m. July 3, 1953, to complete cleaning and painting, initiated the prior fiscal year, and from 8:22 a.m. September 28 to 11:24 a.m. September 30, 1953, for the repair of miter gate seal and broken electrical conduit. Reconstruction of the north shore access road including a new 1416 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 approach connection to U. S. Highway No. 8 was completed Oc- tober 1953. Overhaul of the fishways and the powerhouse fish collection system stoplog guides and trashracks was also completed. A contract was awarded but work not initiated for the con- struction of cofferdam and restoration of eroded and damaged baffle deck on the south half of the spillway. A total of 432,483 persons visited the project during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $1,539,286.13. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project, initiated October 1933, was completed February 19, 1953. The navigation lock was placed in operation in January 1938. The spillway dam and the first two power units were completed and placed in operation during the fiscal year 1938. The powerhouse, with the complete installation of 10 units, was in operation in December 1943. The total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $96,339,795 of which $83,210,608 was for new work ($39,322,037.26 for power facilities and $43,888,570.79 for other than power) and $13,129,- 186 for operation and care ($6,684,157.96 for power facilities and $6,445,028.53 for other than power). The costs of new work include $32,440,700 emergency funds. Power production and revenues. Electrical power energy gen- erated excepting that portion required for the operation of the project, is delivered to the transmission lines of the Bonneville Power Administration for disposition in accordance with the terms of the iBonneville Act. During the fiscal year 1954, a total of 4,406,265,000 kilowatt hours was so delivered and 16,327,000 kilowatt hours used for operation of the project, a total of 4,422,- 592,000 generated. Total generated by years, in thousands of kilowatt hours, from 1939 through 1954, is as follows: Delivered to Fiscal year Total generation Bonneville Power Administration 1939 ------------------- 39, 750 34,874 1940...--- ------------- ----------------- ---- ----------- 218,063 208,426 1941. _-----..--------------------------------------- 907,729 894,177 1942--------- ------------------ --------------- ------- 1,826,048 1,807,309 1943 ....------------------- ------------------ - ------------- 2, 815, 954 2, 801, 480 1944 .----------------------------------------------------- 3,502,610 3,488,874 1945 ---------------------------------------------------------.. 3. 405, 231 3,391,128 1946 ..-- 2,691,503 2,674,834 1947------- -------------------- ---------------------- 3,711,155 3,695,255 1948..-------- ------------------- ----------------------- 4,008,064 3,991, 860 1949---------- --------- .-------------------------------- 3,885,101 3,868,558 1950------------------------------. 3,708,564 3,689,309 1951--------------------------------------------------------- 3, 811,032 3,793,276 1952-------------------------------- ---------------------- 4, 480, 174 4, 462, 935 1953----------------------------------4, 242, 522 4, 227, 463 1954--- ------------------------------------------------------- 4, 422, 592 4,406,265 Receipts from power sales by the Bonneville Power Adminis- tration are deposited in the United States Treasury as required by law, but allocated to the project in accordance with memo- randum-of-understanding with Bonneville Power Administration. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1417 Amounts so allocated are independent of the amount of power generated and delivered and are designed to cover (1) operation and maintenance expense applicable to power operations, (2) interest at the rate of 2.5 percent per annum on that portion of Government expenditures allocated to power, and (3) sched- uled repayment of construction cost, including replacements, allocated to power, over a 50-year period beginning July 1, 1944. During the fiscal year 1954 the amount of $3,350,000.00 was so deposited and $276.99 returned to U. S. Treasury by Corps of Engineers, of which sum the amount of $907,504.23 was for re- payment of project operating expenses applicable to power, $1,103,060.96 for repayment of interest expense applicable to power and $1,339,711.80 for amortization of construction costs, including replacements applicable to power. As of June 30, 1954, the sum of $48,825,799.84 has been deposited in the United States Treasury to the credit of the project, of which $8,969,118.91 was for repayment of operating expenses applicable to power, $18,- 173,806.13 for interest expense applicable to power and $21,682,- 874.80 for amortization (including replacements) of construction costs applicable to power. Of a total of $96,339,795.00 expended to date on the project for construction, operation and mainte- nance and replacements, the amount of $66,408,879.19 or 69 per- cent, has been for direct and allocated portions of power features. Summary of governmental investments and expenses for power purposes as of June 30, 1954, and repayments thereon are tabu- lated below: Investment Construction costs (including interest during con- $59, 618, 627.05 struction). Replacements (net retirements) .........-------- 196, 339. 96 Total cost of fixed plant .- .. - --.... 59, 814, 967.01 Net other assets ..-......... ... ... . . . . . . 45, 468. 51 Total capital investment .-...................................... $59, 860, 435.52 Expenses Operation and maintenance (excluding de- 8, 969, 118. 91 preciation). Interest-----.........--------------.. 18, 173, 806. 13 Total expenses .... -.....--. ...-. . .. . . .............. .. -.-. ........ 27, 142, 925.04 87,003,360.56 Repayments Total expenses (currently repaid)-...---.............. $27, 142, 925.04 Amortization of capital investment------..---................. 121, 682, 874.80 Total repayments ------------------------------------..--. 48, 825, 799.84 Net remaining capital investment to be repaid.............--------------... 38, 177, 560. 72 87,003, 360.56 1Represents 36 percent of total capital investment through only 10 years, or 20 percent, of scheduled payment period has elapsed. 1418 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -... . $1, 250, 000 -$412,419 ..------- -$72, 000 -$976 $83, 210, 608 Cost---------------- 452, 848 655,028 $186,663 18,043 1-175,000 83, 210, 608 Maintenance: Appropriated . 1, 047, 000 1, 319, 500 1,110,000 1, 192, 000 1, 676,183 13, 492,711 Cost---------------- 961,636 1,171,291 1,255,367 1,149, 541 1, 539, 286 13,129,186 1 Represents offset for Derrick Barge Cascade received from military surplus without expenditure, which isnow distributed to cost. 5. RESTORATION OF INDIAN FISHING GROUNDS, BONNEVILLE, OREG. Location. Columbia River between Bonneville and The Dalles, Oreg., and Wash. Existing project. The Secretary of War was authorized, under such terms and conditions as he may deem advisable, to acquire lands and provide facilities in the States of Oregon and Washing- ton to replace Indian fishing grounds submerged or destroyed as a result of the construction of Bonneville Dam: Provided, That not to exceed $50,000 may be expended for this purpose from funds heretofore or hereafter appropriated for maintenance and im- provement of existing river and harbor works: Provided further, That such lands and facilities shall be transferred to the Secre- tary of the Interior for the use and benefit of the Indians, and shall be subject to the same conditions, safeguards and protec- tions as the treaty fishing grounds submerged or destroyed. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Completion of drill- ing a water well at the Lone Pine camp site accomplished all work at that location. Investigations for the purchase of addi- tional real estate were continued. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,063.01. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 72 percent com- plete. Camp sites for Indian fishing grounds have been con- structed at Underwood, Wash. and at Lone Pine site in the vicinity of The Dalles, Oreg. Additional fishing camp sites to be pur- chased and developed are contingent upon agreements with the Indians concerned. Total costs have been $28,649.00. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1419 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-----......------------....-------------------------------..... $39, 488 Cost --------------- $1, 978 $2, 844 $8, 360 $10, 477 $1, 063 28,649 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $21,064 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ------------------------------------------------- 21,064 6. COLUMBIA RIVER BETWEEN VANCOUVER, WASH. AND THE DALLES, OREG. Location. On Columbia River, between the Interstate Bridge at Vancouver, Wash., 106.5 miles above the mouth and The Dalles, Oreg., mile 191, a distance of 84.5 miles. For description of Columbia River see page 1437. Existing project. This provides for a channel 27 feet deep at low water and 300 feet wide between Vancouver, Wash., and The Dalles, Oreg., 85 miles; a channel 10 feet deep at low water and 300 feet wide at the upstream entrance to Oregon slough, Oregon; a suitable turning basin adjacent to the site of port development in the vicinity of Camas and Washougal, Wash.; a boat basin at Hood River, Oreg., 500 by 1,300 feet and 10 feet deep at normal Bonneville pool level, with a connecting channel of the same depth to deep water, and a protecting breakwater on the easterly side; a barge channel to the waterfront at Bingen, Wash., 10 feet deep at normal Bonneville pool level, 200 feet wide and approximately 1 mile long, and for an access channel 7 feet deep at normal Bonne- ville pool level, 100 feet wide and approximately 1,000 feet long, to a natural mooring basin for small boats near the east end of the channel; and for the construction of The Dalles Harbor, Oreg., to provide a breakwater and shear boom protected basin approxi- mately 400 feet by 800 feet in size with depth of 8 feet below a pool elevation of 72.5 feet mean sea level. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at Vancouver is about 21/ feet and at Bonneville about 0.2 foot at low stages of the river. Extreme tidal ranges are about 3 feet and 0.4 foot respectively. Annual freshets average about 21 feet at Vancouver, while the highest known stage reached 33 feet above low water. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954 is $6,759,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- nance is $480,000. 1420 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized under the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 26, 1937 Construction of a channel 27 feet deep by 300 feet House Committee Doc. 94, 74th from Vancouver, Wash. to Bonneville, Oreg. Cong., 2d sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of Camas-Washougal turning basin---- H. Doc. 218, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' July 24, 1946 Construction of a channel 27 feet deep by 300 feet H. Doc. 704, 79th Cong., 2d sess. wide from Bonneville, Oreg., to The Dalles, Oreg. Do--..... Construction of a channel 10 feet deep and 300 feet Do. wide at the upper entrance to Oregon Slough, Oreg. Do------- Construction of a boat basin at Hood River, Oreg., Do. 10 feet deep, 500 feet wide, by 1,300 feet long. Do -_____ Construction of a barge channel at Bingen, Wash., Do. 10 feet deep, 200 feet wide, by 1 mile long, and an access channel 7 feet deep, 100 feet wide, by 1,000 feet long to natural mooring basin. Do------- Construction of The Dalles Harbor 8 feet deep, 400 S. Doc. 89, 79th Cong.' feet wide by 800 feet long. 1Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, provides in connection with the Camas-Washougal turn- ing basin that local interests furnish assurances that they will con- struct a suitable freight terminal, open to all on equal terms, and bear additional cost of disposing of dredged material behind bulk- heads provided by them; and provides that no dredging will be performed by the United States within 50 feet of the proposed dock. The act of July 24, 1946, provides that for improvements at Hood River, Oreg., and at Bingen, Wash., local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary rights-of-way, agree to maintain depths in the basins, and to construct, operate, and maintain necessary mooring facilities and public wharf available to all on equal terms. For The Dalles, the act of July 24, 1946, provides that local interests (1) furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way required for new work, and suitable spoil disposal areas for new work, and for subsequent maintenance when and as required, (2) provide neces- sary bulkheads, and (3) agree to construct, maintain, and operate within the basin suitable moorages and a public landing with adequate supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. Assurances of local cooperation for The Dalles Harbor were approved by the Secretary of the Army October 5, 1948. Terminal facilities. The only terminal facilities at present available or suitable for ocean vessels on the stretch of the river under the project are at The Dalles, Oreg. The port of Camas- Washougal has a wharf 528 feet in length at Washougal, Wash., which will be available for ocean vessels when an adequate en- trance channel is provided. At the port of The Dalles (mile 44 above Bonneville) there is a municipal wharf 125 by 1,100 feet for use of both ocean vessels and river boats. There are two one-story timber and corrugated-iron warehouses, each 94 by 461 feet, on this wharf with rail connec- tions. There is also a municipal oil terminal consisting of a concrete and timber wharf, 27 by 193 feet, located about a mile below the main wharf. There are private storage tanks with a RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1421 total capacity of 2,300,000 gallons located near this terminal for handling petroleum products from ocean vessels and river boats. Storage tanks have rail and truck connections. A private elevator with a capacity of 40,000 bushels and a public elevator of 868,000 bushels capacity for handling bulk grain to ocean or river craft are: also located at The Dalles. The public elevator has rail and truck connections. There is a privately owned rail connection about three-fourth miles below the municipal wharf where certain types of cargo may be handled between railroad cars and river boats or barges, by means of a derrick of 22-ton capacity. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hydrographic sur- veys were made at a cost of $5,589.11. Inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,954.30. Total costs for the fiscal year were $7,543.41, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 52 percent complete. Dredging of the main channel between Vancouver and 'Bonneville was completed to project di- mensions of 27 feet deep and 300 feet wide in 1949. This channel, at the present time, is used for barge transportation and log towing and is maintained to a depth of 15 feet which is adequate for existing traffic. Depths of 20 feet or more are available be- tween Bonneville and The Dalles. Construction of The Dalles Harbor was completed in 1949. No construction work has been done on the 27 foot channel between Bonneville and The Dalles, the channel at the upper entrance to Oregon Slough, the Camas-Washougal turning basin, the Hood River boat basin, the Bingen channels, or the improve- ment of the lower entrance to Bonneville canal. Total costs have been $3,658,935, of which $3,074,513 was for new work and $584,422 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated . -$304, 280 .-- - - - $3,074, 513 Cost $79,008 - 3,074,513 Maintenance: Appropriated .... - . 53,314 56, 331 $48, 013 $55, 200 $8, 300 585,916 Cost----------------- 53,314 56,331 48,013 54,462 7, 543 584,421 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project__ $3,684,486 7. WILLAMETTE RIVER, ABOVE PORTLAND, AND YAMHILL RIVER, OREG. Location. The Willamette River rises in the Cascade Range in southwestern Oregon, flows northerly, and empties into the Colum- bia River about 100 miles from the sea. Its length from the source of the Middle Fork is about 294 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geo- 1422 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 detic Survey Chart No. 6155 and the U. S. Geological Survey map, State of Oregon.) The Yamhill River rises in the Coast Range, flows easterly, and empties into the Willamette River about 42 miles above Portland. Its length from the source of the South Fork is about 52 miles. Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1871, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1997 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1754 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for improvement of Willam- ette River between Portland (14 miles above the mouth) and Oregon City (26 miles above the mouth) by a channel 8 feet deep at low water, 200 feet wide below Cedar Island and 150 feet wide thence to Oregon City; for such channel improvement and contrac- tion works as may be necessary to secure, with stream flow regula- tion, controlling depths of 6 feet at low water from Oregon City to the mouth of Santiam River (108.5 miles above the mouth), and 5 feet from that point to Albany (120 miles above the mouth) ; and for a channel 2 to 21/2 feet deep from Corvallis to Eugene (53 miles) ; for a channel 3.0 to 3.5 feet deep at low water and of no prescribed width from Albany to Corvallis (132 miles above the mouth) ; and for necessary snagging between Corvallis and Harris- burg (163 miles above the mouth). The project also provides for a channel in the Yamhill River 4 feet deep at low water and 60 feet wide from its mouth to McMinnville (18 miles) to be secured by means of a lock and dam near Lafayette and the re- moval of obstructions. The section of Willamette River in the vicinity of Willamette Falls at Oregon City is covered by a project described on page 1425 of this report. The following table shows the principal features of the lock and dam in Yamhill River: Location..-----..............---------------... miles below Lafayette, Oreg., 8 1 miles above the mouth. Usable lock dimensions ...... ............. 1 lock, 175 by 38 feet. --------------- 16 feet. Lift of lock --------.....................--- Depth on sills at low water.......--------------.......- 4 feet on upper sill; 2 feet on lower sill. Character of foundation .-......----------------..... Timber piling in clay. Kind of dam -......-.. . . ------------------- Fixed. Type of construction........... - -..--........ Timber crib. Date of completion ...-...................... . Sept. 21, 1900. Cost..... .....---------------..... .--------------- 72,164.83. For the Willamette River below the falls at Oregon City ordi- nary fluctuation of stage of water is 15 feet and the extreme fluc- tuation due to flood conditions 35 to 50 feet. Above Oregon City the ordinary fluctuation is 12 to 20 feet and the extreme is 20 to 27 feet. For the Yamhill River the ordinary fluctuation is 35 feet and the extreme 48 feet. Tidal changes vary from about 21/2 feet at the mouth of the Willamette to zero, 26 miles above the mouth. The approved estimate (1954) of cost for new work is $2,485,- 000. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of main- RIVERS AND HARBORS--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1423 tenance is $547,000 including $15,000 for operation and care of the lock and dam in Yamhill River. For information concerning the comprehensive flood control plan for Willamette River Basin see page 1454. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 3,1896 Improvement of Willamette River above Oregon H. Doc. 260, 54th Cong., 1st sess. City. (Annual Report, 1896, p. 3309). Do-....... Improvement of Yamhbill River by lock and dam Annual Report, 1895, p. 3602. construction. Project modified in 1904 by abandoning the 20-mile Annual Report, 1904, p. 3529. stretch of the river between Harrisburg and Eugene as unworthy of improvement. July 25,1912 For a 6-foot channel in the Willamette River below H. Doc. 438, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Oregon City. July 3, 1930 For the 8-foot channel between Portland and Oregon H. Doc. 372, 71st Cong., 2d sess. City. (Contains latest published map.) June 26,1934 ' Operating and care of the lock and dam in Yamhill River and provided for with funds from War De- partment appropriations for rivers and harbors. June 28,1938 2 Stream flow regulation with controlling depths of 6 H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. feet to the mouth of Santiam River and 5 feet to Albany with enlargement of locks at Oregon City. 1 Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 2 Flood Control Act. Terminal facilities. Between Portland and Willamette Falls the terminal facilities consist of privately owned mill wharves, sand and gravel wharves, and oil receiving stations. Above the falls there are privately owned landings including a facility at pulp siding (3 miles above the falls) with rail and water connections for shipment of clay and receipt of paper mill products, by barge. About 5 miles downstream from Albany there is a newly con- structed tank farm of 1,367,100-gallon capacity with truck and water connection which receives petroleum by barge from Port- land. At numerous locations over the entire waterway there are log rollways with water and rail or truck connections to facilitate the movement of logs to mills in the lower Columbia and William- ette Rivers. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dredging by hired plant and dredging and snag removal by Government plant and hired labor maintained sufficient depths for the requirements of present navigation. Releases of storage water from the completed Fern Ridge, Cot- tage Grove, Detroit and Dorena Reservoirs aided materially dur- ing low water periods in providing sufficient depths for existing traffic. For more detailed information on reservoir releases see pages covering those reservoirs. Because of lack of use by commercial traffic for which the facili- ties were originally provided operation of Yamhill Lock was dis- continued on February 7, 1954. 1424 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 19 4 The various items of maintenance and their costs during the fiscal year were as follows: Maintenance: Dredging by Government plant, a total of 743,200 cubic yards removed----------------....... $330, 989. 17 ...................... ---------------------- Leveling and disposal of dredge material ............................. - 13, 005.01 . Snagging in Willamette and Yamhill Rivers ..........-----------------.. 7, 931.82 Inspections and reports.... -------------------------------- 4,350.23 Hydrographlc surveys by Government plant................---------------. 26, 937. 52 Total maintenance . ... ................. .. ..... ..... 383, 213. 75 Operation and care of Yamhill Lock: Operation..------------------------------------------3,773.81 Maintenance and repair of structures and grounds..............------------- 657.20 Total operation and care-------................------------------- 4,431.01 Total costs for the fiscal year were $387,644.76, of which $383,- 213.75 was for maintenance and $4,431.01 for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is approxi- mately 65 percent complete. The 8-foot channel between Port- land and Oregon City and the 21/ to 31/2 -foot channel between Oregon City and Albany were completed in 1939. The 21/2 to 31/2- foot channel between Albany and Corvallis was completed in 1945. The remaining work required to complete the project consists of the construction of such contraction works and channel improve- ments as may be necessary, with stream-flow regulation, to secure controlling depths of 6 feet at low water from Oregon City to the mouth of Santiam River, and 5 feet from that point to Albany. Controlling depths at low water are 8 feet from Portland to Ore- gon City, and 31/2 feet from Oregon City to Corvallis. In Yamhill River, the controlling depth is 4 feet from the mouth to Yamhill Lock. Traffic is confined to towboats, log rafts, launches, and dredges. Between Oregon City and Pulp Siding (about 3 miles) and be- tween Oregon City and Portland, barges are used in the transpor- tation of paper and wood-pulp products. The Yamhill Lock and grounds are in fair condition. Operation of the lock was discontinued February 7, 1954. Total costs under the existing project, from Federal funds, have been $7,513,782, of which $615,170 was for new work, $6,754,484 for maintenance and $144,128 for operation and care. In addi- tion, the sum of $106,433 was expended between September 24, 1900, and June 30, 1935, on operation and care of works of im- provement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite ap- propriations for such purposes. An additional sum of $7,500 was expended from contributed funds for maintenance and $484,900 from Emergency Relief Administrative funds for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1425 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June' 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years' 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------------------------------------------------- - $ 862,917 Cost .--------- ------------ ------------ ----------------------------------- 862,917 Maintenance Appropriated - - $400, 374 $357, 250 $358, 765 $357, 000 $405, 800 7,031,314 Cost---------------- 399, 712 423, 291 364,478 349, 798 387,645 7,005, 045 1Includes $247,748 for new work for previous projects. .2 In addition $484,900 was expended from ERA flood control funds for bank protection for new work and $7,500 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project _ - $1,384,930 8. WILLAMETTE RIVER AT WILLAMETTE FALLS, OREG. Location. The locks and the dam covered by this project are located at Willamette Falls, a rocky reef in the Willamette River at Oregon City, Oreg., about 26 miles above the mouth of the river. Existing project. This provides for the construction of a new single-lift main lock and a guard lock each with clear dimensions of 56 feet by 400 feet and minimum depth over the sills of 91/2 feet, to replace the authorized existing facilities which were pro- vided for by the purchase, rehabilitation, and deepening to 6 feet at low water of the existing canal and locks and the separation of the canal from the waterpower intake by construction of a concrete division wall. The total length of the existing canal and locks is about 3,500 feet. The following table shows the principal features of the existing canal and locks at Willamette Falls: Usable lock dimensions------.. ---........Series of 4 locks, each 175 by 37 feet.' Lift of each lock---------._... ----....-....Lock 1 (lower), 22.5 feet; 2 lock, 2, 8.7 feet; lock 3, 10.9 feet; lock 4 (upper), 8.1 feet. Depth on miter sills at low water -- Lower lock, 8.4 feet; upper lock, 6 feet. Character of foundation------- ........--... Rock. Kind of dam- ..-...... _..........----------Fixed.3 Type of construction ....... Concrete. ..------------ Year of completion ........---------------- 1873; purchased by United States Apr. 26, 1915. Cost ------.......................................-----------------. Unknown; purchase price, $375,000. 1 A guard lock 210 by 40 feet, which is used only at higher stages of water, is located at the upper end of the canal basin. 2 A concrete division wall. 1,227 feet long, extending from lock 4 to the guard lock, separates the upper basin of the canal from the head race, which formerly led directly from the basin and supplied water for the power plants operated by the Crown Willamette Paper Co. and the Portland Ry., Light & Power Co. 3 The dam is owned by private parties. The ordinary fluctuation of the stage of water above the locks is 12 feet, and the extreme, due to flood conditions, 20 feet. Below the locks the ordinary fluctuation is 15 feet and the extreme 50 feet. The estimated cost, revised in 1954, is $10,200,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of operation and care is $228,000. 1426 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 25,1910 For the purchase and rehabilitation of the system H. Doc. 202, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and the construction of the concrete division wall. and Annual Report, 1900, p. 4374. Aug. 8,1917 Deepening of the locks............................... H. Doc. 1060, 62d Cong., 3d sess.' June 26, 1934 2 Operation and care of the canal and locks provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. Mar. 2, 1945 Construction of the New Willamette Falls lock-..... H. Doc. 544, 75th Cong., 3d sess. I Contains latest published maps. ' Permanent Appropriation Repeal Act. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. The Crown Willamette Paper Co. has a timber wharf about 850 feet in length, extending to and supported by the concrete division wall built in the lock canal by the United States. This wharf is used for the receipt of mill supplies and the shipment of paper and paper products. Operations and results during fiscal year. The existing canal and locks were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year, except for the periods 8:00 a.m., September 22 to 8:00 a.m., Sep- tember 25, 1953, and 8:00 a.m., to 4:30 p.m., for the eight consecu- tive working days (exclusive of Saturday and Sunday) from September 1 to September 11, 1953. On October 23, 1953, be- tween 8:00 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. the locks below the basin were closed for gate No. 3 replacement. The various items of operation and care and their costs were as follows: Operation of locks and canal ............ ................. .... $136, 957. 36 Ordinary maintenance and repair........... . ........................... 7, 067.03 Improvement and reconstruction ........................................... 44, 322. 17 Total... ..... .................. ................... 188, 346.56 Total costs for the fiscal year were $188,346.56 for operation and care. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing canal and locks were originally constructed by private interests in 1873 and pur- chased April 26, 1915, by the United States for $375,000. The dam is owned by private interests. The final report on the purchase and rehabilitation of the existing locks and canal was given in the Annual Report for 1923, when the project was reported 98 percent complete. No further work on that existing project has been considered necessary. The controlling depth is 6 feet at low water on the miter sill of the upper lock. The existing locks and grounds are in fair condition and are in continuous operation except when flooded out by high water or undergoing repair. The facilities are obsolete and inadequate for existing traffic. The original manually operated lock gates have been converted to hydraulic opening and closing but the operation of the gate wick- ets is still manual. During the fiscal year 1951 the height of the RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1427 easterly wall of the guard lock was raised three feet permitting use of the lock to elevation 14.5. No construction work has been done on the lock and guard lock, which was authorized to replace the existing facilities, by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, and the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. Plans and specifications for the work have been essentially completed, but will require review and some revision. Total costs have been $2,652,067 of which $520,005 was for new work ($377,122.20 for purchase and rehabilitation of existing lock and canal and $3,882.88 for new lock from River and Harbor funds and $139,000 for new lock from Flood Control funds) and $2,132,063 for maintenance (operation and care) from River and Harbor funds. In addition $300,000 was expended from contributed funds for new work on existing canal and lock and $452,109.76 was expended between April 16, 1915, and June 30, 1935, on the operation and care of works of the improvement under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropriations for such purposes. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ -30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: ........---------- Appropriated------ -$35, 617 ........--------...........------------------------........... $ 520,005 Cost---- -- -------------------------------------------- --------------- 520,005 Maintenance: ------ Appropriated--........ $182,710 144,000 $146,114 $182, 000 $192, 500 2, 614,484 Cost--.-------------- 179702 128,116 161,364 159, 483 188,347 2,584,172 1 In addition $300,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project-_.------- $9,715,700 9. COLUMBIA AND LOWER WILLAMETTE RIVERS BELOW VANCOUVER, WASH., AND PORTLAND, OREG. Location. This project embraces 1031/ miles of Columbia River below Vancouver, Wash., and 14 miles of Willamette River below Portland, Oreg. For description of Columbia River see page 1437, and of Willamette River, page 1421. Previous project. Some relief dredging was done between 1866 and 1876. Projects were adopted by the River and Harbor Acts of June 18, 1878; July 13, 1892; June 13, 1902; and March 3, 1905. For further details see pages 1995 and 1998 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1746 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 35 feet deep and 500 feet wide in the Columbia River from its mouth to the mouth of the Willamette, 101.5 miles, and thence up Willamette River to Broadway Bridge at Portland 12 miles; 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide from Broadway Bridge to Ross Island, 14 miles above the mouth of Willamette River to be maintained by the port of Port- land. The existing project also provides for maintenance at not to exceed a depth of 35 feet at low water, over such areas in the 1428 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Portland harbor and Willamette River between its mouth and Broadway Bridge as have been or may be dredged to project depth by the port of Portland; no dredging, however, shall be done by the United States within 50 feet of the pierhead line. In addition, the existing project also provides for the following: A channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the Columbia River from the mouth of the Willamette River to the interstate highway bridge at Van- couver, Wash., about 5 miles, with two turning basins of the same depth at Vancouver, 800 feet wide and approximately 2,000 and 3,000 feet long for the upper and lower basins, respectively, auxili- ary channels 10 feet deep and 300 feet wide in the vicinity of Cath- lamet, Wash., 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide in St. Helens (Oreg.) Channel, and 30 feet deep and 500 feet wide connecting the upper end of the St. Helens Channel with the main ship channel of the Columbia; 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide along the frontage of the town of Rainier, Oreg., extended at its upper and lower ends to deep water in the Columbia River, 8 feet deep and 150 feet wide from this depth in Columbia River through the old mouth of Cow- litz River to a point approximately 3,000 feet upstream from the present terminus of the harbor line; a channel from the Longview Port dock downstream along the pierhead line and past the Weyer- haeuser Timber Co.'s plant at Longview, to a connection with the main ship channel below Mount Coffin the downstream 2,400 feet of this channel to be 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide and the re- mainder to be 28 feet deep and 250 feet wide; construction of a small boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg., to include a sheet pile, sand-filled breakwater about 2,400 feet long with a 30-foot roadway along its full length, and steel-pile shore wings totaling about 1,460 feet in length; and for the construction of stone and pile dikes and revetments. The plane of reference in the estuary from the mouth to Har- rington Point is mean lower low water; thence to Portland and Vancouver, low water. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the mouth of the Columbia is about 8 feet, and at Portland and Vancouver about 21/2 feet at low stages of the rivers. Extreme tidal ranges are about 13 feet and 3 feet, respectively. Annual freshets have but little effect on depths at the mouth of the Columbia; at Portland and Vancouver they average about 20 feet, while the highest known reached a stage of 33 feet above low water at Portland. The actual cost for new work, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects and contributed funds, is $5,384,677. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $1,845,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June: 18, 1878 Dike at St. Helens Bar ....- _ .... _-................. Annual Report, 1877, p. 1019. July 13,1892 For the closing dike at head of Oregon Slough and H. Does. 36 and 38, 52d Cong. dikes at Deer Island and Walker Island............. 1st sess. June 13,1902 Replacing the revetment of Coon Island.......-----------... H. Doc. 673, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Feb. 27,1911 2 pipeline dredges and accessories..... ....... July 25, 1912 Increasing the main channel depth to 30 feet .- H. Doc. 1278, 61st Cong., 3d sess H..... July 27, 1916 Consolidating the improvements below Portland, No prior report. Oreg., and between Vancouver, Wash., and the mouth of the Willamette. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1429 Acts Work authorized Documents , 1 Aug. 8,1917 For the Cathlamet Channel....-------- ---------- H. Doec. 120, 63d Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22, 1922 Construction of an additional dredge (dredge was H. Doec. 1009, 66th Cong., 3d sess. not built) and accessories for better maintenance, and the construction of contraction works. Mar. 4, 1923 s Channel from deep water in Willamette Slough to H. Doec. 156, 67th Cong., 2d sess. deep water in Columbia River. Mar. 3, 1925 Depth of 25 feet and width of 300 feet from mouth of H. Doe. 126, 68th Cong., 1st sess. the Willamette River to Vancouver, Wash. Mar. 3,1927 Closing of the east channel at Swan Island in the Rivers and Harbors Committee Willamette River on condition that the main chan- Doc. 10, 69th Cong., 2d sess. nel to be opened to project dimensions on the west side of the island by the port of Portland. July 3, 1930 For a 35-foot channel 500 feet wide from Portland to H. Doec. 195, 70th Cong., 1st sess., the sea. and Rivers and Harbors Comr mittee 1 Doe. 8, 71st Cong., 1st sess. 1 Sept. 6, 1933 3 A channel 28 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the H. Doec. 249, 72d Cong., 1st sess. mouth of the Willamette River to Vancouver, with 2 turning basins, each generally 28 feet deep by 800 feet wide by 2,000 feet long. Aug. 30,1935 A channel in the Columbia River from mouth of the Rivers and Harbors Committee Willamette to the Interstate Highway Bridge at Doec. 1, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Vancouver, Wash., 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide, with 2 turning basins at Vancouver. Do....... Maintenance of not to exceed 35-foot depth at low Rivers and Harbors Committee water in Portland Harbor and Willamette River Doec. 6, 73d Cong., 1st sess.' between its mouth and Broadway Bridge at Port- land. Do...... Auxiliary channels, 30 feet deep, 300 and 500 feet at H. Doe. 235, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' St. Helens. Aug. 26, 1937 Extension of the lower turning basin at Vancouver, Rivers and Harbors Committee Wash., 1,000 feet downstream. Doec. 81, 74th Cong., 2d sess.' Do .... An auxiliary channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide H. Doec. 203, 75th Cong., 1st sess.' along the water front at Rainier, Oreg. Mar. 2, 1945 Improvement of old mouth of the Cowlitz River ... H. Doec. 341, 77th Cong., 1st sess.x Do ..... An auxiliary channel in the vicinity of Longview, H. Doec. 630, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' Wash. July 24,1946 A small-boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg ...--- H. Doec. 692, 79th Cong., 2d sess.' SContains latest published maps. 2 Public Res. 105, 67th Cong. Public Works Administration. Local cooperation. Requirements of cooperation prior to 1945 have been fully complied with. The act of July 24, 1946, authoriz- ing the construction of a small-boat mooring basin at Astoria, Oreg., provides that local interests furnish assurances to the United States that they will furnish free of cost all necessary lands, easements, and rights-of-way for the new work and subse- quent maintenance when and as required; provide all necessary mooring facilities within the basin, sewers, water and electric supply lines, and a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms. Assurances for the small-boat basin at Astoria were approved on November 4, 1947. Local interests have provided some moor- ing facilities, and public landings. Terminal facilities. At Portland, Oreg., there are under public ownership and open to all on equal terms, three terminals for handling general cargo, bulk grain, coal, phosphate, lumber, oils, and similar commodities. Extensive modernization and rehabilita- tion of these public facilities are planned for the immediate future as a result of the outcome of the May 1954 primary election when a 6.5-million dollar expenditure of public funds was authorized for this work. Under private ownership and operation there are 5 general cargo, 5 flour and grain, 6 lumber, 1 cement, 1 bulk creo- sote, 1 salt, and 10 fuel oil and gasoline wharves and piers, besides outfitting and repair, sand and gravel, and construction equipment 1430 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 wharves. Three of the private general cargo terminals subscribe: to Commission of Public Docks Terminal Tariff 2A and four of the five flour and grain facilities publish terminal tariffs and may therefore be considered to be open to the public on equal terms. The port of Portland Commission, a State of Oregon agency, has recently completed at Swan Island, modern ship repair and outfit- ting facilities complete with three dry docks, one of 2,000-ton, one of 12,500-ton and one on long term lease from the U. S. Navy of 14,000-ton capacity. Also available at this facility and available to the public on equal terms are five rail mounted gantry cranes each of 45-ton capacity, and one truck mounted crane, as well as machine shops, rail lines, staging, compressed air, steam, elec- tricity and water. Seven berths are available at the outfitting dock of this facility which is open to all on equal terms. Also located within the harbor are one dry dock of 85-ton capacity, three pri- vately owned marine railways for handling small vessels and barges, as well as several skid-type haulouts on which launches and other small craft can be accommodated. Heavy lift equipment at the general cargo wharves include 10 locomotive cranes and auto cranes with up to 35-ton capacity, one 150-ton swinging boom derrick, one 100-ton swinging boom derrick, one 100-ton shear-leg derrick crane, two 35-ton traveling gantry cranes and two 75-ton floating cranes. At Astoria, Oreg., there is a large municipal terminal with grain elevator and flour mill, facilities for receiving oil products by tanker, and bunkering of vessels. There are also private wharves used for receipt of fish, sand and gravel, and bunkering of fishing vessels. At Vancouver, Wash., below Interstate Bridge, there are two municipal terminal wharves. There are also several privately owned wharves for the shipment of lumber, a fuel and gasoline terminal, and a privately owned grain elevator and wharf. The port of Longview has a public terminal on the Columbia River at Longview, Wash., and the Long-Bell Lumber Company and Weyerhaeuser Timber Company have wharves in the same vicinity for the shipment of lumber. A privately operated grain elevator for shipment of grain is located at the port terminal; a fuel oil and gasoline terminal is also located at the port dock for the receipt of petroleum products. There is a heavy lift of 125-ton capacity at the public terminal. At other locations on the Columbia River between Portland and Columbia River entrance, there are sufficient private facilities to accommodate the river vessels and fishing craft, and at seven points there are large sawmill docks used exclusively for shipment of lumber in ocean-going vessels. These facilities, with planned extensions, are considered ade- quate for existing commerce. (For further details see Port Series Nos. 33 and 34, Corps of Engineers, published in 1953 and 1954, respectively.) Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Dredg- ing with Government plant and hired labor was done on all bars and shoals in the main and side channels where condition surveys indicated shoaling. A total of 7,450,700 cubic yards of material RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1431 was removed at a cost of $1,235,183.42, and hydrographic condi- tion surveys were made at a cost of $69,037.80. Inspections and reports were made at a cost of $40,023.80 and minor repairs to dikes and engineering cost $25,046.67. Bank stabilization on Sauvie Island was completed at a cost of $16,104.00. Total costs for the fiscal year were $1,385,395.69, all for main- tenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted on September 29, 1950. The main channel project was completed in 1933, except that a revision at Harrington Point was made in 1935. The dikes were completed in 1935 and the extension of the Vancouver turning basin in 1939. The auxiliary channel in the vicinity of Longview was completed in 1949, and the improve- ment of the old mouth of Cowlitz River and the small boat mooring basin at Astoria were completed in 1950. The controlling depth at low water in Columbia River from its mouth to the mouth of Willamette River is 34 feet. Above the mouth of Willamette River the Vancouver channel has a controlling depth of 30 feet and in Willamette River from its mouth to Broad- way bridge the controlling depth is 33 feet. Project depths are maintained throughout the year except during short shoaling periods following freshets which generally occur in May, June, and July. In Columbia and Willamette Rivers between the mouth and Broadway bridge at Portland a draft of 32 feet at low tide and 35 feet at high tide is practicable throughout the year. In Columbia River between the mouth of Willamette River and Vancouver, Wash., drafts of 26 and 28 feet at low and high tide, respectively, are practicable throughout the year. Total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total United States Funds: Regular funds--................-------- ----------------------- 4, 799, 932 24, 287, 277 29, 087, 209 Public works funds-......------------------------------ 446, 296 ..---------------- 446, 296 Emergency relief administration funds ._ 138, 449 98, 668 237, 117 Total U. S. funds...------------ -------------- 5, 384, 677 24, 385, 945 29, 770, 622 Contributed funds...........---------------------------------.. 223, 026 24, 320 247, 346 Total all funds .----------------------------.. 5, 607, 703 24, 410, 265 30, 017, 968 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . ..-.... _3 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 ing fiscal years prior to 1950 12 New work: Appropriated -.-- Cost---_---------- _ $150, 000 1,273,746 -$97, 000 16,060 -$9, 578 .-- - $6, 914, 090 6,914,090 Maintenance: Appropriated -- - 1,543, 560 1,296,297 1,162,134 $1, 623,200 $1,383, 975 25, 621,948 Cost- --------------- 1,660, 559 1, 318, 572 1,171, 453 1,603, 954 1, 385, 396 . 25,600,810 1Includes $1,529,413 for new work and $1,214,865 for maintenance for previous projects. SIn addition $223,026 for new work and $24,320 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 1432 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 10. COWLITZ RIVER, WASH. Location. This river rises in the Cascade Range in Washing- ton, flows westerly and southerly about 120 miles, and empties in the Columbia River about 69 miles from the mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6153.) Previous projects. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880. For further details see page 2000 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1763 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel 4 feet deep at low water and 50 feet wide from the mouth to Ostrander (9 miles), thence 2 feet deep and 50 feet wide to Castle Rock (10 miles), and thence 21/ feet deep at low water and not less than 40 feet wide to Toledo (18 miles), to be secured by snagging, dredging, and regulating works. The water level, due to tides, varies from 4 feet at the mouth to zero at Ostrander. During ordinary freshets a stage of 20 feet, and at extreme floods a stage of 25 feet, is reached in the river at Kelso, Wash. The actual cost for new work was $32,906.62, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $40,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910 (H. Doc. 1167, 60th Cong., 2d sess., from the mouth to Castle Rock, and H. Doc. 404, 61st Cong., 2d sess., from Castle Rock to Toledo). For the latest published map see House Docu- ment 1167, 60th Congress, 2d session. Recommended modifications of project. The Chief of Engineers has recommended that the project be modified by the elimination of all work above Castle Rock (H. Doc. 467, 69th Cong., 1st sess.). Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities consist of privately owned and operated landing and log rollways which are considered adequate for the existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hydrographic sur- veys were made and shore controls established. Total costs for the fiscal year were $3,434. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1913. The channel is maintained to the project depth of 4 feet between the mouth and Kelso, Wash. Above Kelso the channel is in poor condition with a controlling depth at low water of 2 feet. Total costs for the existing project have been $360,518, of which $32,908 was for new work and $327,610 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated.------------..... -------------------------------------- ------- $ 37,907 Cost......--- ---------.......---------------------------------- ---------------- ------ 37,907 Maintenance: Aparopriated .... $29, 093 $25,789 ------------------------ $4, 000 876, 360 Cost .. ------- 29, 093 25,789 ------------------------ 3,434 375, 794 1Includes $4,999 for new work and $48,184 for maintenance for previous projects. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1433 11. SKIPANON CHANNEL, OREG. Location. This channel is a tidal waterway extending south 2.7 miles from deep water in Columbia River. The channel enters the Columbia about 10 miles above its mouth and 4 miles below Astoria, Oreg. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6151.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 30 feet deep and generally 200 feet wide extending from deep water in Columbia River to the railroad bridge at Warrenton, Oreg., a distance of 1.8 miles, for a turning basin of the same depth, a mooring basin 12 feet deep at mean lower low water at Warrenton, Oreg.; and for a channel 6 feet deep and generally 40 feet wide, with in- creased widths at log dumps and terminals, for a distance of 4,500 feet, via cutoff channel, above the railroad bridge. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet; the extreme tidal range is about 13 feet. The estimate of cost of new work revised in 1954 is $315,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate of cost for annual mainte- nance is $48,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 July 3,1930 Channel from deep water in Columbia River to the H. Doc. 278, 70th Cong., 1st sess. railroad bridge. Aug. 26, 1937 For the channel extending upstream from the rail- H. Doc. 201, 75th Cong., 1st sess. June 30, 1948 road bridge a distance of 4,500 feet. For a mooring basin 12 feet deep at Warrenton.... - S. Doc. 93, 80th Cong., 1st sess. 'Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. Requirements contained in River and Har- bor Acts of July 3, 1930, and August 26, 1937, have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948, Public Law 858, provides in connection with the mooring basin that before construction is initiated, responsible local interests give assur- ances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way necessary for the construction of the project and subsequent maintenance thereof, (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction work, (3) maintain project depth in the basin after completion, and (4) con- struct, maintain, and operate the necessary mooring facilities and utilities within the basin, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, all of which shall be open to all on equal terms. Before adoption of the project, local interests and the port of Astoria constructed timber bulkheads and dredged the channel at a total cost of about $560,000. Terminal facilities. The city of Warrenton owns a wharf with 300-foot frontage open to the public. One privately owned lumber mill wharf with 800-foot frontage is used for loading lumber. One privately owned cannery wharf with 300-foot frontage 1434 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 is used for unloading fish, loading and unloading nets. One pri- vately owned boatyard has floats and moorage facilities for a maximum of 80 small boats. In the channel above the railroad bridge the facilities are the rollways used by log trucks. These facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Snagging by con- tract during April and May removed 240 snags at a cost of $1,886. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $565 and inspections and reports cost $77. Total costs for the fiscal year were $2,528, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Dredging of the channel and turning basin was completed in 1939. No work has been done on the construction of the small-boat mooring basin at Warrenton. The project is 70 percent complete. Controlling depths are 27 feet in the channel and 10 feet in the turning basin. No recent surveys above the railroad bridge at Warrenton have been made. Total costs have been $410,651, of which $130,119 was for new work and $280,532 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -.. $130,119 Cost -- - - - -- -- 130,119 Maintenance: Appropriated . $27, 000 -- $3, 000 281 ,004 Cost .. - 27,100 -- - ---- 2,528 280,532 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project _____________________________ $184,881 12. COLUMBIA RIVER BETWEEN CHINOOK, WASH., AND THE HEAD OF SAND ISLAND Location. At the easterly end of Baker Bay, which is on the north side of Columbia River near its mouth. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6151.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 8 feet deep and 150 feet wide, extending from the head of Sand Island to Chinook, Wash., a distance of about 4,000 feet, and the reinforcement of and future maintenance of the existing pile and timber break- water at Chinook. Mean lower low water is the plane of refer- ence. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet and the extreme tidal range about 13 feet. The actual cost of new work is $40,000. The latest (1948) ap- proved estimate of cost of annual maintenance is $18,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938, (R&H Comm. Doc. 50, 75th Cong., 2d Ses- sion). The latest published map is in this document. Recommended modification of the project. The Chief of En- gineers has recommended that the existing project be modified to provide for a channel 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide, extend- RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1435 ing from the head of Sand Island to Chinook; a turning and moor- ing basin at the upper end of the channel, 10 feet deep, 660 feet long, and ranging from 275 to 500 feet wide; reconstruction of the easterly 393 feet of existing breakwater; and extension of the existing breakwater easterly and thence northerly to connect with the shore in the vicinity of Portland Street; at an estimated cost to the United States of $196,200 for construction and $8,000 an- nually for maintenance in addition to that now required; pro- vided local interests agree to: (1) Furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and suitable spoil disposal areas for the initial work, and for subsequent maintenance when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of the improvement; (3) maintain the project depth of ten feet in the turning and mooring basin; (4) dredge and maintain the project depth in berthing areas within 50 feet of the existing wharf; and (5) provide and maintain without cost to the United States adequate terminal and mooring facilities, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. (Senate Document No. 8, 83d Congress, 1st Session.) Terminal facilities. The only terminal is the wharf of the Chinook Packing Co., a portion of which is used as a public land- ing. There is no present need for additional terminals. Operations and results during fiscal year. A total of 19,100 cubic yards of material was removed from the channel during April 1954, by hired labor and rented plant. Costs during the fiscal year were $9,860.47. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was accomplished in 1940. The channel is in good condition with project depths available, survey of June 1953. Total costs have been $118,106 of which $40,000 was for new work and $78,106 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ - 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--........----------------------------------------------------------- $40,000 ... Cost------------ -------- -- ------............ ------------------------------------ 40,00 Maintenance: Appropriated..-------.... -- $10, 000------------ ............ --------...... . ...------------ $10, 000 78, 245 Cost----------------- 10,000 ---------------------------------- 9,860 78,10& 13. COLUMBIA RIVER AT BAKER BAY, WASH. Location. Baker Bay is a shallow body of water about 15 square miles in extent, lying on the north side of Columbia River near its mouth. The bay is separated from the river by Sand Island, a low-lying sand bar only a few feet above high tide level. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6151.) Existing project. This provides for a main channel, 10 feet deep and 200 feet wide extending through the easterly passage at Sand Island to the port of Ilwaco, a distance of about 5 miles; for 1436 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 a mooring basin 10 feet and 12 feet deep, about 20 acres in extent, located east of the port of Ilwaco dock, with protecting break- waters; and for a west channel 10 feet deep connecting the basin with deep water in Columbia River, with a width of 150 feet, in- creased to 200 feet for a distance of 2,000 feet at the southerly end. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet, and the extreme about 13 feet. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1954 is $1,016,000. The approved estimate of annual maintenance revised in 1950 is $88,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents D ec. 11, 1933 M ain channel_._. .......... ...-__ .. ____ - - .... Public W orks Adm inistration. Aug. 30, 1935 .. do __.............................. H. Doc. 44, 73d Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 2,1945 West channel 8 feet deep ---------------------- H. Doc. 443, 76th Cong., 1st sess. May 17, 1950 West channel 10 feet deep and mooring basin with S. Doc. 95, 81st Cong., 1st sess. protecting breakwaters. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved May 17, 1950, in connection with construction of the mooring basin and modification of the west channel provides: (1) That local interests furnish free of cost to the United States all necessary lands, ease- ments, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas for the new work and for its subsequent maintenance, when and as required; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works and their subsequent maintenance; (3) main- tain project depths in the mooring basin; (4) make the necessary changes in existing sewers; and (5) provide and maintain ade- quate terminal and mooring facilities within the basin, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities open to all on equal terms. Terminal facilities. The facilities consist of wharves, floats, ramps and berths for fishing craft, oil and sand barges, and tow- boats. The facilities are considered adequate for existing com- merce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Closure of about 800 feet of the timber and stone dike was completed in July 1953. Maintenance: Hydrographic surveys were made at a cost of $2,802. Dredging of the west channel was accomplished with a total of 66,817 cubic yards of material being removed at a cost of $22,110. Total costs for the fiscal year were $27,645, of which $2,733 was for new work and $24,912 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 40 per- cent complete. The channel extending through the easterly pas- sage at Sand Island was completed in 1934. Dredging of the west channel extending from deep water in Columbia River to the east channel near Ilwaco was completed to a depth of 8 feet, August 1948. Construction of three spur dikes in connection with RIVERS AND HARBORS--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1437 the west channel was completed September 1948. Construction of an 1,800-foot pile, timber and stone dike was completed in 1951 and additional piling needed to tighten the dike were installed during fiscal year 1954. No work has been done on the mooring basin authorized as a project modification by the River and Har- bor Act approved May 17, 1950. Total costs have been $690,426 of which $418,731 was for new work and $271,695 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated--.. __...------------ $5, 315- ..- " $5,500 -- $419,392 Cost....--------------- $2, 474 2,630 $74, 372 12, 906 $2,733 418,731 Maintenance: Appropriated...-------- 30,000 26,377 34, 301 -7,300 30,000 276, 827 Cost----------------- 25,731 29, 947 1,281 26, 374 24, 912 271,695 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ _-- $661 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project ---------- -------- 596,608 14. COLUMBIA RIVER AT THE MOUTH, OREGON AND WASHINGTON Location. This river rises in British Columbia, through which it flows for 425 miles. It enters the United States in northeastern Washington, flows southerly to the mouth of Snake River, thence westerly between Oregon and Washington, and empties into the Pacific Ocean 645 miles north of San Francisco Bay and 160 miles south of the Straits of Juan de Fuca. The total length of the river is 1,210 miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5902, 6151, 6152, 6153, 6154, 6155, and 6156; also Geological Sur- vey map of Washington.) Previous project. Adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 5, 1884. For further details see page 1999 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1740 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel across the bar 40 feet deep at mean lower low water and of suitable width (not less than one-half mile), to be secured by dredging and by converging rubble-mound jetties, the south jetty being about 7 miles and the north jetty about 21/ miles long, terminating 2 miles north of the end of the south jetty. Mean lower low water is the plane of refer- ence. The tidal range on the bar between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is about 8 feet, and the extreme tidal range is about 13 feet. The actual cost for new work was $11,357,506.35 exclusive of amount expended under previous projects. The latest (1953) ap- proved: estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $336,000 except forthe repairs to jetties. Jetty maintenance is done only at inter- vals of several years and is covered by special allotments. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor 1438 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Act of March 3, 1905, making final provision for the south jetty, the construction of the north jetty, and dredging (H. Doc. 94, 56th Cong., 1st sess., and Annual Report for 1903, p. 2275). The con- struction of the north jetty was approved July 29, 1910, and a modification of its alignment December 27, 1913. The latest pub- lished map is in the Annual Report for 1921 opposite page 1868. Recommended modification of the project. The Chief of Engi- neers has recommended that the existing project be modified to provide for a channel of suitable alinement with depth of 48 feet at mean lower low water for a width of one-half mile, to be se- cured by dredging and the construction of a spur jetty on the north shore at an estimated cost to the United States of $8,555,000 for new work and $195,000 annually for maintenance, in addition to that now required. (H. Doc. No. 249, 83d Congress, 2nd Session.) Local cooperation. The existing project contains no conditions requiring local cooperation. However, during 1914 the Port of Portland contributed $475,000 and the Port of Astoria $25,000 to the improvement. These amounts for the greater part were ap- plied to the purchase of stone for the north jetty. Terminal facilities. For terminal and transfer facilities see report on Columbia and Lower Willamette Rivers, page 1427. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Land management costs were $183, condition surveys $6,590, inspec- tions and reports $5,823 and dike repairs on Sand Island were $605. A total of 2,141,736 cubic yards of material was removed from the entrance channel by the Corps of Engineers hopper dredge at a cost of $295,270. Total costs for the fiscal year were $308,471, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1918. The jetties are in fair condition. A gap in the narrow portion of Sand Island about 2 miles from the east end continues to cause shoaling at Clatsop Spit and Baker Bay chan- nels. A survey made in April 1954 showed a controlling depth in the entrance channel of 43 feet at mean lower low water except at Clatsop Spit where the controlling depth for the left quarter of the channel was 40 feet after dredging in August 1953. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have been $23,553,609, of which $11,357,506 was for new work and $12,196,103 for maintenance. In addition, $475,000 and $25,000 were contributed by the ports of Portland and Astoria respectively and expended for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 195012 New work: A ppropriated .-- ---. ---- ----.--- $13,343,759 Cost--. ----------- ------------------- --------------------------- 13,343,759 Maintenance: Appropriated_ .-. $315, 113 $203, 800 $208, 297 $385, 300 $327,100 12, 217, 715 Cost--.- 117, 720 310,717 222,974 458,116 308,471 12,196,103 1 Includes $1,986,253 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $500,000 for new work was expended from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1439 15. NEHALEM BAY, OREG. Location. Nehalem Bay is an indentation of the Oregon Coast 45 miles south of mouth of Columbia River (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5902). Previous project. Adopted by act of September 9, 1890. For details see page 1991 of Annual Report for 1915. Existing project. This provides for two high-tide rubblestone jetties at the entrance to the bay designed to secure a permanent depth of at least 8 feet at mean lower low water. The south jetty to be extended to a total length of 4,950 feet from the 2,385 foot long jetty constructed by the port of Nehalem. The north jetty to be 3,850 feet long and based on the north spit. The jetties are slightly converging with their outer ends 700 feet apart and about on the 6-foot contour. The mean of the higher high waters above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal ranges at the entrance are 7.4 feet and 11 feet, respectively. The actual cost of new work from Federal funds, exclusive of amount expended on previous project is $302,006.03. In addition, $304,825.61 was expended from contributed funds. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 25, 1912, (H. Doc. No. 623, 62d Congress, 2d session). For latest published map, see page 3206, Annual Report for 1916. Local cooperation. Complied with. Terminal facilities. Wheeler, Oreg., has 600 feet of private wharf frontage plus 60 feet which is open to the public. Nehalem, Oreg., has 280 feet of privately owned wharves of which 80 feet has always been free to all. Existing terminals are considered adequate for present commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary work in connection with hydrographic surveys was accomplished. Total cost for the fiscal year was $42.03. Condition at end of fiscal year. The south jetty was completed in 1915 and the north jetty in 1918. The outer end of the north jetty has subsided below low tide level for a distance of about 200 feet and the south jetty about 600 feet. There are also several breaks in both jetties. The channels across the ocean bar at the entrance and between the jetties are of project depth and better. Total costs under the existing project have been $312,614, of which $302,006 was for new work and $10,608 for maintenance. In addition, $304,825.61 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated ................ _ $302,692 Cost _ --------------- --------- 302, 692 Maintenance: Appropriated - $2, 000 13,337 ApprCost ... --- 42.03 11379 1 Includes $686 for new work and for previous projects. 2In addition $304,826 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Sig 46--1439-1470 1440 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 16. TILLAMOOK BAY AND BAR, OREG. Location. This bay is located on the Oregon coast about 50 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5902 and 6112.) Previous project. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of August 11, 1888, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see pages 1989 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1474 of Annual Report for 1936. Existing project. This provides for a jetty about 5,700 feet long on the north side of the entrance; for a channel through the bar 18 feet deep and of such width as can be practically and eco- nomically obtained; for a channel 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep from deep water in the bay to Miami Cove; for initial dredging of a small boat basin and an approach thereto at Garibaldi, Oreg., to a depth of 12 feet; for a channel to Hobsonville, 200 feet wide and 16 feet deep, with a turning basin 500 feet wide at Hobson- ville, and regulating works as needed. The mean of the higher high waters above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal range at the entrance are 7.4 feet and about 13 feet, respectively. The estimate of cost for new work revised in 1953 is $784,000, exclusive of contributed funds. The latest (1953) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $28,000 for entrance and bay channels. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Aug. 11, 1888 Improvement of Dry Stocking bar and Hoquarton H. Ex. Doc. 185, 50th Cong., 1st Slough. sess. July 13,1892 Dredging channel 200 feet wide and 6 feet deep be- H. Ex. Doc. 35, 52d Cong., 1st sess. tween north and middle channels above Bay City and construction of various control dikes. July 25, 1912 \Construction of north jetty, 5,700 feet long and dredg- H. Doc. 349, 62d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 4, 1913 f ing channel 16 feet deep, 200 feet wide, to Bay City. ng, Mar. 2,1919 Abandonment of that portion of project above Bay H. Doc. 730, 65th Cong., 2d sess. City. Mar. 3, 1925 Abandonment of Bay City channel and for present H. Doc. 562, 68th Cong., 2d sess. project dimensions of the channels and turning basins with regulating works as needed. June 30, 1948 Dredging small-boat basin and approach at Gari- H. Doc. 650, 80th Cong., 1st sess. baldi, Oreg., to a depth of 12 feet. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948, in connection with the authorization of small boat basin at Garibaldi provides, (1) that local interests furnish all necessary easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas, both for new work and maintenance, and (2) agree to maintain necessary depths in the mooring basin proper, to construct, maintain, and operate necessary mooring facilities and utilities within the basin, including a public landing with suitable supply facilities, open to all on equal and equitable terms, and (3) to hold and save the United States free from any claim for damages which might result from execution of the work. The River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1925, provides that no work is to be done in the Hobsonville Channel until assurance is given that a mill of substantial capacity will be erected in the RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1441 vicinity of Hobsonville. This condition has not been complied with. All other prescribed conditions of local cooperation have been fully complied with except for requirements for Garibaldi Channel. Terminal facilities. At Garibaldi there is a privately owned wharf for the shipment of lumber; a public wharf suitable for fishing vessels, towboats and other craft, and a privately owned fixed derrick for loading logs to oceangoing barges. These facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. None. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 74 per- cent complete. The jetty was completed in 1933 and is in poor condition, with the outer 800 feet below low-water level. The remaining work required to complete the project consists of dredg- ing the Hobsonville Channel and turning basin, which work will not be done until navigation requires deeper water, and dredging a small-boat basin and connecting channel at Garibaldi. A survey made in May 1953 shows a controlling depth of 171/2 feet on the bar, 12 feet in the channel to Miami Cove, and 10 feet in the turn- ing basin, at lower low water. Total costs have been $1,528,751, of which $574,447 was for new work and $954,304 for maintenance. In addition, $398,832.70 was expended for new work and $6,450.00 for maintenance from con- tributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _ .__ - 30, 1954, includ- 1151 - 1953 15 I ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 12 New work: _---- Appropriated ....... -5---- - 3- $ 651,656 ............. --------------------------------------------------- Cost----------------- 651,656 Maintenance: Appropriated------.... $55, 030 $1,022 .... 3,355 $4,1,025,803 Cost----------------- 55, 030 1,022 ------------ 3,355------------ 1,025,803 1Includes $77,209 for new work and $71,498 for maintenance for previous projects. 8 In addition $398,833 for new work and $6,450 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- $209, 553 ated for completion of existing project.......................................... 17. DEPOE BAY, OREG. Location. This harbor is located on the Oregon coast, 100 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 5902.) Existing project. This provides for a breakwater north of the entrance, for an entrance channel 8 feet deep and 30 feet wide, and for an inner basin 750 feet long by an average of 390 feet wide, 8 feet deep, with retaining wall along the easterly side. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the higher high water and the extreme rise at the entrance above the plane of reference are 7.8 feet and about 11.5 feet respectively. The actual cost for new work was $367,364.46. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (H. Doc. 202, 75th 1442 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cong., 1st sess.), authorized construction of an inner basin 375 feet long, 125 feet wide, and 5 feet deep, with entrance channel of same depth and 30 feet in width. The River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945 (H. Doc. 350, 77th Cong., 1st sess.), modified the project to provide for the existing project as described. The latest pub- lished map is in this document. Local cooperation. Provisions of the River and Harbor Act ap- proved August 26, 1937, have been fully complied with except for the construction of a public terminal. Under the provisions of the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, local interests are required to furnish free of cost to the United States all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and spoil disposal areas necessary for the improvements and their subsequent maintenance, when and as required, hold and save the United States free from claims for dam- ages resulting from the improvements, and save and hold free for use of the public as a roadway, promenade, or landing, a strip at least 60 feet wide along the easterly side of the retaining wall for its full length. Terminal facilities. Terminal facilities, all in the inner basin, consist of landings and floats, privately owned, to accommodate operators of excursion and commercial fishing boats. The present facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. A hydrographic con- dition survey of the entrance channel and inner basin was made June 1954. Total costs for the fiscal year were $811.54. Condition at end of fiscal year. Dredging of the basin and en- trance channel to a depth of 5 feet as originally authorized was completed in 1939. Enlarging and deepening the basin and en- trance channel to 8 foot depth and construction of a retaining wall and breakwater at the entrance authorized by the River and Har- bor Act of 1945 was completed in June 1952. Project depths of 8 feet prevail in the entrance channel and inner basin except for the south half of the basin which has shoaled to such an extent that depths at lower low water vary to less than one foot. Shoaling has also occurred to a lesser extent in the northeast portion of the basin. Total costs have been $458,017, of which $367,364 was for new work and $90,653.00 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ._---- $400,000 -$62, 315 - -$2, 282 -$367, 364 Cost- ------------- 47,862 261,066 $26,876 195 -----------. 367,364 Maintenance: Appropriated ------- 2,302 $1, 000 90, 841 Cost .-------------- 2,302 812 90, 653 18. YAQUINA BAY AND HARBOR, OREG. Location. This bay is located on the Oregon coast, 115 miles RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1443 south of the mouth of the Columbia River. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 6058.) Previous projects. The River and Harbor Act of June 14, 1880, provided for the improvement of the entrance. Subsequent proj- ects were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 3, 1896, June 6, 1900, and March 3, 1905. For further details, see the Annual Report for 1893, part 4, page 3314, House Document 68, 54th Con- gress, 1st session, and the Annual Report for 1938, page 1736. Existing project. This provides for two high tide rubble-mound jetties at the entrance, 1,000 feet apart at their outer ends; the north jetty to be 4,700 feet and the south jetty to be 5,800 feet in length; for a spur jetty on the channel side of the south jetty 4,700 feet from its sea end, 800 feet in length; for five groins channel- ward from the south jetty; insofar as the rock bottom will allow for a channel 26 feet deep and of suitable width across the entrance bar for a channel 20 feet deep and 300 feet wide from the outer end of the jetties upstream and along the south side of the bay a dis- tance of about 2 miles to McLean Point with a turning basin at the upstream end 22 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide and 1,200 feet long; for a channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 20-foot channel at about mile 1, along the city docks at Newport, thence upstream to the abandoned railroad terminus at Yaquina, a distance of about 41/2 miles; and for a small boat mooring basin at Newport, Oreg., by construction of a breakwater about 2,650 feet long and a shore wing about 400 feet long, and initial dredging in the moor- ing basin to a depth of 10 feet. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The mean of the higher waters above the plane of reference and the extreme tidal range at the entrance and at the head of the bay are 8.1 feet and 12 feet, respectively. The actual cost for new work is $2,181,745.79. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance dredging in the bay and entrance is $87,500. The latest (1937) approved estimate of cost for maintenance of the north jetty is $12,000 annually to be applied at intervals of several years. There is no approved estimate for maintenance of the south jetty. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents June 14, 1880 For improvement of the entrance----------------Annual Report, 1881, p. 2589. June 6, 1900 Rock removal at the entrance....------------------ H. Doc. 110, 56th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 3, 1905 This act repealed previous acts relating to improve- ment of the entrance, but provided for 2 years' maintenance. Mar. 2, 1919 Restoration and extension of the jetties constructed H. Doc. 109, 65th Cong., 1st sess. under previous projects; rock removal at the en- trance; and dredging in the bay up to the railroad terminus at Yaquina. Aug. 26, 1937 Extension of the north jetty seaward 1,000 feet ..... Senate committee print, 75th Cong. 1st sess.' Mar. 2, 1945 26-foot channel of suitable width across entrance bar, S. Doc. 119, 77th Cong., 1st sess.x insofar as rock bottom will allow, a 20-foot channel 300 feet wide along south side of bay to and includ- ing a turning basin 22 feet deep, 1,000 feet wide, and 1,200 feet long. July 24, 1946 Construction of a small-boat mooring basin at New- S. Doec. 246, 79th Cong., 2d sess. port, Oreg. 1Contains latest published maps. 1444 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. At McLean Point, on the north side of the bay, about 2 miles from the entrance, the Yaquina Bay Dock & Dredge Co., Inc., wharf has a frontage of about 900 feet, which provides loading berths for two vessels. This facility has a lum- ber planing mill, necessary lumber carriers and lift trucks, and is open to all on equal terms. On the south side of the bay imme- diately above the highway bridge, about a mile and a quarter above the entrance, the C. D. Johnson Lumber Company maintains pri- vate dolphins with a frontage of 700 feet for loading ocean-going vessels from barges. The port of Newport has a public wharf with 400 feet of frontage for handling of fishing boats. In addition, the port of Newport maintains about 500 feet of protected float land- ings for use by seagoing fishing vessels. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Dredg- ing entrance bar and channel restored project depths. A total of 223,933 cubic yards of material was removed at a cost of $88,904. Hydrographic surveys were made at a cost of $2,928. Inspections and reports were made at a cost of $460 and preliminary engineer- ing costs were $1,873. Total costs for the fiscal year were $94,165.32, all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- plete in May 1952. Restoration of the jetties was completed in 1934 and the extension to the north jetty in 1940. Both jetties are in fair condition. The main channel from the outer ends of the jetties to McLean Point with turning basins at the upstream end was completed in May 1952, and the channel 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the 20-foot channel at mile 1 along the city dock at Newport, thence upstream to the abandoned railroad terminus at Yaquina and the small boat mooring basin at Newport were completed during the fiscal year 1949. The controlling depth on the bar is 171/2 feet for a width of 300 feet and 161/2 feet between the jetties, 16 feet in the turning basin, 9 feet in the small boat basin, by survey of April 1954. Dredging is in progress. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have been $3,448,419, of which $2,181,746 was for new work and $1,- 266,673 for maintenance. In addition, $729,168.48 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1s New work: Appropriated -------- ..... $35, 000 -$79, 000 .. . - . 059 $2, 889, $-$744-... Cost_ _------ -13,296 40,464 $7,248 21-- - - - 2,889,059 Maintenance: Appropriated_ 83, 650 29, 639 117, 000 53,900 $109, 680 1,288,797 Cost----------------j 79,152 34,138 117,000 53,316 94,165 1,272,699 1 Includes $707,313 for new work and $6,026 for maintenance for previous projects. In addition $729,168 for new work was expended from contributed funds. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1445 19. UMPQUA RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the Cascade Range, flows westerly about 120 miles, and empties into the Pacific Ocean 180 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River and 465 miles north of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts No. 5802 and 6004.) Previousprojects. Adopted by River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1871, and modified in 1886. For further details, see page 2967 of Annual Report for 1898, and page 1732 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a jetty on the north side of the entrance approximately 8,000 feet in length, westerly from the highwater line to the sea; for a south jetty extending to a point 1,800 feet south of the outer end of the north jetty; for dredging to provide a usable entrance channel 26 feet deep, and a river channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide, from the mouth to Reeds- port, a distance of about 11 miles, with a turning basin at Reeds- port 1,000 feet long, 600 feet wide, and 22 feet deep; for a channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from deep water in the river to the vicinity of the docks in Winchester Bay with a mooring and turning basin 12 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at the inner end; and for a channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from the main river channel near mile 8 to Gardiner, Oreg., and a turning basin of the same depth, 500 feet wide and 800 feet long, opposite Gardiner. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high Water at the river mouth is 6.9 feet, and the extreme range is about 11 feet. The latest 1954 approved estimate of cost of new work is $2,709,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and $276,500 contributed by local interests. The latest 1953 ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $174,500, ex- cluding jetty maintenance. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 22,1922 North jetty, 7,500 feet long___--------------------- H. Doc. 913, 65th Cong., 2d sess. Jan. 21, 1927 Present project dimensions of north jetty and for H. Doc. 320, 69th Cong., 1st sess. dredging the ocean bar. 1 July 3, 1930 For a short south jetty-----.._.. . ..--- ------------- H. Doc. 317, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 For a full length south jetty and maintenance dredg- Rivers and Harbors Committee ing to a 26-foot depth. Doc. 9, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' June 20, 1938 Channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from mouth S. Doc. 158, 75th Cong., 3d sess.' to Reedsport. Mar. 2, 1945 Channel 22 feet deep and 200 feet wide from river S. Doe. 86, 76th Cong., 1st sess.l channel to Gardiner and turning basin 22 feet deep, 500 feet wide and 800 feet long. Do...-------- Channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide from river S. Doc. 191, 77th Cong., 2d sess.' channel to dock in Winchester Bay with mooring and turning basin 10 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at inner end. June 30, 1948 Channel 12 feet deep and 100 feet wide from river S. Doc. 154, 80th Cong., 2d sess.' channel to dock in Winchester Bay with mooring and turning basin 12 feet deep, 175 feet wide and 300 feet long at inner end. 1Contains latest published maps. Recommended modification of the project. Senate Document 1446 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 133, Eighty-first Congress, second session, recommends that the existing project for Umpqua River, Oreg., be modified to provide for a channel in Scholfield Creek, 12 feet deep at mean lower low water, generally 100 feet wide from its confluence with Umpqua River to a point 0.5 mile below the first railroad bridge, a dis- tance of 2 miles, the entrance to be widened to 300 feet in a dis- tance of 500 feet, at an estimated cost to the United States of $41,000 for new work and $7,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required; provided, that local interests con- tribute in cash $10,000 toward the cost of the new work; agree to furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitable spoil disposal areas for initial work and subsequent maintenance when and as required; and hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction and maintenance when and as required. Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation for all work authorized prior to 1945 have been fully complied with and approved. Under the provisions of River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, state or other local interests are required, for the Win- chester Bay channel, to furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for spoil disposal for initial work and subsequent maintenance, when and as required, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improve- ments; construct, maintain, and operate suitable public terminal and mooring facilities with essential utilities and supply services at the basin, open to all on equal terms, and at their own expense maintain project depths within the mooring and turning basin after its construction has been accomplished. For the Gardiner Channel local interests are to furnish assurances that the Gardi- ner mill will be operated to produce an average daily output of 100,000 feet board measure for 300 days per year; that the mill wharf or other suitable wharf will be open to all on equal and reasonable terms; and that local interests furnish free of cost to the United States, when and as required, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way and spoil disposal areas for the initial work and for subsequent maintenance, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from the improvement. Assurances in connection with Gardiner Channel were approved December 26, 1947. Assurances in connection with Winchester Bay channel have not yet been requested. Terminal facilities. At Gardiner there is approximately 650 feet of wharf frontage, of which 60 feet is publicly owned. At Reedsport there is about 750 feet of usable wharf frontage, all privately owned. The port of Umpqua owns one wharf with 456 feet of water frontage and another with about 75 feet of water frontage which has not been used generally for commercial ship- ping. On Bolon Island across the river from Reedsport a wharf has been constructed which has about 5 acres of open storage for lumber and is available to all on equal terms. At Winchester Bay, there is a public landing float with a wooden pile and timber shore approach, and a privately owned wharf used by excursion and commercial fishing vessels. The facilities are considered adequate for present commerce. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1447 Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Re- pairs of shore end of training jetty were made at a cost of $208,532. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $4,256 and the cost of inspections and reports was $903. A total of 183,756 cubic yards of material was removed from the entrance bar and inner channel at a cost of $51,721. Total costs for the fiscal year were $265,412. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 97 per- cent complete. The north jetty was completed in 1940. The ex- tension to the original south jetty was completed in 1938 and construction of a new training jetty on the south side of the entrance to replace the original south jetty which was partially destroyed by storms was completed in 1951. Dredging of a 22- foot channel from the mouth of the river to Reedsport was com- pleted in 1941. The controlling depth at the close of the fiscal year was 25 feet on the bar, survey of September 1953, and 17 feet from the mouth to Reedsport and 21 feet in Gardiner channel and turning basin, survey of June 1953. No work has been done on the Winchester Bay channel and mooring basin. Total costs under the existing project from Federal funds have been $6,433,712, of which $2,605,811 was for new work and $3,827,901 for maintenance. In addition, $276,500 was expended from contributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 2 New work: Appropriated -- $10, 395 - -$2,645,053 Cost ----- --- - 14,605 2, 645, 053 Maintenance: Appropriated $704, 086 977, 460 $37, 000 $220,300 $215, 300 3, 831, 896 Cost ____.. 576, 770 1,108,487 32,787 172,647 265,412 3,827,901 1 Includes $39,242 for new work for previous projects. 2 In addition $276,500 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project________ ______________ $103,189 20. COOS BAY, OREG. Location. On the Oregon coast 200 miles south of the mouth of Columbia River and 445 miles north of San Francisco Bay. It is about 13 miles long and 1 mile wide, with an area at high tide of about 15 square miles. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 5984.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of March 3, 1879, September 19, 1890, and August 18, 1894. For further details, see page 1987 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1728 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for two rubble-mound, high- tide jetties at the entrance; a channel across the outer bar 40 feet deep at mean lower low water, and of suitable width with dimensions reduced gradually to Guano Rock; a channel 30 feet 1448 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 deep at mean lower low water and generally 300 feet wide thence to the mouth of Isthmus slough; turning basins of the same depth and 1,000 feet long and 600 feet wide opposite Coalbank slough and at the city of North Bend; anchorage basins 600 feet wide by 2,000 feet long at mile 3.5 and near mile 7; a channel 22 feet deep and 150 feet wide from Smith's Mill (mouth of Isthmus Slough) to Millington, a mooring basin, about 500 feet by 900 feet, for small boats at Charleston, with a connecting channel, 10 feet deep and 150 feet wide, to deep water in Coos Bay, and the construction of a protecting breakwater and a bulkhead. The plane of reference is mean lower low water. The mean of the higher high water above the plane of reference and the ex- treme tidal range at the entrance are 7 feet and about 11 feet, respectively, and at Coos Bay 7.3 feet and 11 feet respectively. The estimate of cost for new work, revised in 1954, is $8,271,200, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $654,500, not including repairs to jetties. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Sept. 19, 1890 For 2 jetties_-.... ._--------------------_ Annual Report, 1890, p. 2936. June 15,1910 Dredging the ocean bar channel--------...... -- H. Doc. 958, 60th Cong., 1st sees. Mar. 2,1919 A channel 22 feet deep to ------------- Smith's mill H. Doc. 325, 65th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22,1922 Restoration of the north jetty, 9,600 feet long; con- H. Doe. 150, 67th Cong., 2d sess. struction of a south jetty about 3,900 feet long; extension of the 22-foot bay channel from Smith's mill to Millington. Jan. 21,1927 Extension of the jetties to such lengths as may be practicable within the estimate of total cost of the jetties, $3,250,000, as given in the former document (H. Doe. 150, 67th Cong.). July 3,1930 A channel 24 feet deep and 300 feet wide through H. Doc. 110, 70th Cong., 1st sess.' Pigeon Point Reef, following a location along the westerly side of the bay. Aug. 30, 1935 For the 24-foot channel from Pigeon Point Reef to Senate committee t print, 73d Cong., Smith's mill and a turning basin above Marshfield. 2d sess. July 24, 1946 For increased dimensions of channel across the bar S. Doc. 253, 79th Cong., 2d sess. and to Isthmus slough and turning basin opposite Coalbank slough and at city of North Bend; an- chorage basins at mile 3.5 and near mile 7. June 30,1948 For a mooring basin and connecting channel at H. Doc. 646, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Charleston. ' Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946, provided that the local interests give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will: (1) Furnish free of cost to the United States necessary spoil disposal areas for new work and subsequent maintenance as and when required; and (2) con- struct and maintain any additional terminal facilities necessary to the full use of the port, such facilities to be open to all on equal terms. Assurances of local cooperation approved by the Secre- tary of the Army on November 4, 1947, have been fully complied with. The River and Harbor Act of June 30, 1948, in connection with Charleston Channel, provides that local interests (1) furnish, free of cost to the United States, all lands, easements, rights-of- way, and spoil disposal areas required for both new work and RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1449 subsequent maintenance; (2) agree to construct, maintain, and operate adequate mooring facilities within the basin, and a public landing with suitable utility and supply facilities, without profit and open to all on equal and equitable terms; (3) maintain the bulkhead and maintain project depths within the mooring basin; (4) agree to hold and save the United States free from any claims for damages which might result from execution of this improve- ment; (5) contribute $40,800 to defray one-half of the estimated cost of constructing the bulkhead; and (6) hold for the free use of the public as a roadway, promenade, or landing, a strip at least 100 feet wide, adjacent to and landward of the bulkhead along the northerly, easterly, and southerly sides of the filled area. As- surances have not been requested. Terminal facilities. At North Bend there is a municipal wharf 649 feet long fronting on the channel and about 1,400 feet of privately owned mill wharves, and 3 oil docks in the vicinity. At Coos Bay there is a privately owned wharf with a frontage of 1,310 feet, 500 feet of which was constructed in 1952, open to the public on equal terms; several small landings for fishing boats and har- bor craft; and 2 lumber docks with 1,300-foot and 596-foot front- ages, respectively. At Eastside, on Isthmus Slough, there is a 200-foot wharf to accommodate coastal lumber schooners and about 4 miles above Eastside on Isthmus Slough, there is a newly constructed mill wharf served by oceangoing barges. At Empire there is a privately owned lumber wharf with a frontage of 545 feet. About 11/ miles below Empire there is a privately owned lumber and pulp mill wharf with a frontage of 410 feet. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. At Charleston there are 2 wharves, 1 public and 1 private, with usable area of 1,200 square feet and 2,400 square feet, respectively, each equipped with facilities for servicing fishing craft. A float landing extends some 200 feet north of the private wharf. Pres- ent facilities are congested and inadequate to accommodate the boats operating in the vicinity. A privately owned floating moorage located on Joe Ney Slough has facilities for mooring approximately 50 fishing vessels. Dur- ing stormy season, vessels from Charleston seek shelter at these moorings, which are entirely inadequate during these periods. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys of the entrance and bay channel were made at a cost of $13,307. Land management and inspections and reports cost $2,986. Dredging on the bar and inner channel to project depths by Gov- ernment plant and hired labor and by contract was accomplished at a cost of $456,740. A total of 2,082,143 cubic yards of material was removed. Total costs for the fiscal year were $473,033 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 91 per- cent complete. All work authorized prior to 1946 was completed in 1937. The south jetty was completed in 1928, the north jetty in 1929 and the 24-foot channel in 1937. Excavation of the chan- nel to a depth of 30 feet and generally 300 feet wide from the en- trance to Isthmus slough was completed January 15, 1951. Dredg- ing a channel on the outer bar to a depth of 40 feet decreasing to 1450 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 30 feet at Guano Rock was completed in 1952. No work has been done on construction of the Charleston Channel and small boat basin. The controlling depth on the bar is 26 feet and from the entrance to Coos Bay, 23 feet, survey of April 1954. Dredging is now in progress. Total costs under the existing project have been $14,917,700, of which $7,595,107 was for new work and $7,322,593 for mainte- nance. In addition, $2,713.14 was expended for new work and $8,386.86 for maintenance from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 12 New work: Appropriated--------........ $850, 000 $622, 800 _------------ -$2, 457 ---- $8, 397,203 Cost.....---___________ _ 486,628 681,186 $20,465 8,397,203 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- 140,000 134,235 11, 286 465, 000 $494, 800 7, 535, 103 Cost---------------- 115, 149 58, 570 211, 802 453, 058 473033 7, 501, 394 1 Includes $802,096 for new work and $178,801 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $2,713 for new work and $8,387 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project_ ------------------------- 744, 293 21. COQUILLE RIVER, OREG. Location. This river rises in the Coast Range, flows in a gen- eral westerly direction for about 100 miles, and empties into the Pacific Ocean at Bandon, Oreg., 225 miles south of the mouth of the Columbia River and 420 miles north of San Francisco Bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 5802 and 5971.) Previous projects. Adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 14, 1880, and July 13, 1892. For further details, see page 1986 of the Annual Report for 1915, and page 1727 of the Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for two rubble-mound high tide jetties at the river mouth, the south jetty 2,700 feet long and the north 3,450 feet; and for a channel 13 feet at mean lower low water and of suitable width from the sea to a point 1 mile above the old Coquille River Lighthouse, and for snagging to the State highway bridge at the city of Coquille. Mean lower low water is the plane of reference. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at the mouth is 6.8 feet and the extreme range about 10 feet. The actual cost for new work, is $316,640.21, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $50,000 for dredging and snagging. There is no approved estimate for maintenance of jetties. RIVERS AND HARBORS-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1451 The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Acts Work authorized Documents 1 June 14, 1880 Jetties_ _-------------_ ---- -------------- -.. S. Ex. Doc. 14, 45th Cong., 3d sess. ; Annual Report 1879, p. 1806. June 25, 1910 Dredging shoals between the mouth and Riverton, H. Doc. 673, 61st Cong., 2d sess. and removing obstructions between the mouth of the North Fork and Bandon. Mar. 2,1919 For a 13-foot channel from the ocean to Bandon-...... H. Doc. 207, 65th Cong., 1st sess. 1 July 3, 1930 Deepening the channel to 16 feet between the sea and H. Doc. 186, 70th Cong., 1st sess. the eastern end of the north jetty. Aug. 30,1935 Present project depth between the sea and the east- Senate committee print. 74th Cong., ern end of the north jetty. 1st sess. 1 Mar. 2,1945 For 13-foot depth from sea to a point 1 mile above H. Doe. 672, 76th Cong., 3d sess. Coquille River Lighthouse and snagging to State highway bridge. Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. At Bandon there is one privately owned lumber wharf suitable for handling coastwise vessels. There is a publicly owned wharf open to all on equal terms. These facilities are adequate for the present commerce. Above Bandon, there are numerous log booms and rollways on the navigable waterway. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made as required at a cost of $1,803. Inspections and reports cost $333. A total of 15,593 cubic yards of material was removed from the entrance at a cost of $13,520. Engineering for repairs to the south jetty was made at a cost of $3,464. A contract for repair of south jetty was awarded in May 1954, but operations not initiated. Total costs for the fiscal year were $19,120, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1933. The jetties were completed in 1908 and the en- trance channel in 1933. The north jetty was reconstructed in 1942 and a 750 foot extension to the easterly end was constructed in 1951. The jetties are in fair condition. The controlling depth on the bar is 111/2 feet and in the entrance channel, 11 feet, survey of June 1954. Total costs from Federal funds under the existing project have been $1,222,193, of which $316,640 was for new work and $905,- 553 for maintenance. In addition, $72,891.20 was expended for new work from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated-----------........ -- ---------------- $ 657,366 Cost.........--------------......------------------ ----------------------------------- 657,366 Maintenance: Appropriated ......------ $138, 000 $ 53,909 -$617 $20, 300 $153, 700 1,082,916 Cost ---------------- 31, 636 157, 991 2,101 20,937 19 120 947, 020 1 Includes $340,726 for new work and $41,467 for maintenance for previous projects. SIn addition $72,891 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 1452 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 22. SNAGGING AND CLEARING OF CHANNELS IN THE INTEREST OF NAVIGATION UNDER AUTHORITY OF SECTION 3 OF THE RIVER AND HARBOR ACT APPROVED MARCH 2, 1945 The River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945, authorized the allotment of not to exceed $300,000 from any appropriation heretofore or hereafter made for any one fiscal year for the im- provement of rivers and harbors, for removing accumulated snags and other debris, and for protecting, clearing, and straightening channels in navigable harbors and navigable streams and tribu- taries thereof; when, in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers, such work is advisable in the interest of navigation or flood control. Funds in the amount of $118,338.93 have been allotted the Port- land District to June 30, 1954, for work under this authority. Operations during the fiscal year 1954 consisted of the removal of 5,026 cubic yards of material, by hired labor and rented equip- ment, from Marshfield Channel, Coos Bay, Oreg. Costs during the fiscal year were $4,041.54. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $110,379. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 -I I I I i Maintenance: Appropriated .___ _ $20,000 -$1, 700 .......... $8,400 $12,000 $118, 339 Cost.--- ._ ----- 10, 407 7, 893-8, 39 8 4,042 110,379 23. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost and expenditures to June 30, 1954 Estimated Name of project amount Operation required to onstruction and complete maintenance 1. John Day Dam, Columbia River, Wash. and 1950 1- .----.. $400,000,000 ------------- Oreg. 2. The Cascades Canal, Columbia River, Oreg.L_ 1939 $3,903 780.30 $559,857.78 Completed. 3. Bridges across the Columbia at Cascade Lock 1944 1,081,805.96 Do. and Hood River, Oreg. 4. Oregon 2 Slough (North Portland Harbor, 1936 416,881.30 12,576.42 Do. Oreg.) 3 5. Columbia Slough, Oreg-......---..... 2 ------- 1953 .---..--.-..- $1,150, 000 6. Multnomah Channel, 2 Oreg. _. __ .... 1949 18,112.28 61.33 Completed. 7. Lake River, Wash.2 ...................... 1948 2,700.00 4,000.00 Do. 8. Lewis River, Wash. _..................___ 2 1950 35,880.44 74,929.36 Do. 9. Clatskanie River, Oreg. 2 _ --- ._ 1949 3,703.34 79, 833.27 Do. 10. Skamokawa Creek, Wash. 1950 2,400.00 35, 343.57 Do. 11. Skamokawa (Steamboat Slough, Wash.) 2 2__...___ 1932 540,000.00 12. Youngs Bay and Youngs2 River, Oreg. -_- ... 1949 9, 347.51 258.85 Completed. 13. Elokomin Slough, Wash. . ..................1943 18,641.25 437.49 Completed. 14 . W e stpo rt S lou g h , O re 2 g - ..... . .. .--- . -- - --- -- - -- --- - - ....-- - - 1953 16,276.19 68, 111.07 Do. 15. Grays River, Wash.2 1951 2,500.00 6,002.29 Do. 16. Deep River, Wash. __________________________ 1950 15, 384.40 12, 435.66 Do. 17. Salmon River, Oreg ........ ............. 18. Bayocean Peninsula, Oreg_- --- .... 1949 1945 -----------..-. 2,145.23 ----- ---. Do. 280,000.00 19. Yaquina River, Oreg. 2 - - -- - -- - - - - - - - - - - ....... 1950 6 28,800.00 776, 631. 28 Completed. 20. Siuslaw River, Oreg ..............---------------..--- 1953 8 526,589.00 42,551.00 Do. 21. Smith River, Oreg- .. ..------.------------- 1950 -------- ------- ---- 147,000.00 ---.. 22. Chetco River, Oreg_ ------------------ 1950 6.19 ....---- .----- 600,000.00 23. Coos and Millicoma Rivers, Oreg 1950 8,000.00 85,154.00 487,000.00 FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1453 1Project abandoned due to flooding by Bonneville pool. 2 Channel adequate for present commerce. s Abandonment of the project was recommended in 1916 (HD 580, 64th Cong., 1st session). 4In addition $24,556.30 was expended from contributed funds, $17,556.30 for new work and $7,000 for maintenance. S Local interests are to contribute two-thirds of the costs or not to exceed $20,000. 6 In addition, $43,200 was expended from contributed funds. * In addition, $3,000 was expended from contributed funds. 8 In addition, $322,531.59 was expended from contributed funds. 24. AMAZON CREEK, OREG. Location. On Amazon Creek, a tributary of Willamette River in the vicinity of and below the city of Eugene, Oreg. Existing project. This provides for channel improvement from a point above the south limits of the city of Eugene through the city to the diversion point; a diversion canal 3.5 miles in length from Amazon Creek at the diversion point to Fern Ridge Reservoir; and an improved channel from the diversion point to Clear Lake and from Clear Lake to Long Tom River, with 3 lateral drainage canals, one 13,000 feet, one 15,000 feet, and one 5,000 feet in length. The project will control the entire Amazon Creek drainage area of 62 square miles and care for a flood of 1,000 second-feet through the city of Eugene and 1,840 second-feet at the point of diversion. The estimated Federal cost approved in 1954 is $1,040,000. The estimated non-Federal cost is $688,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1946, Senate Document 138, 79th Congress, 2d session, and modi- fied by the Flood Control Act of 1950, House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946, provided that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War that they will (1) provide, without cost to the United States, all lands, easements, and rights-of-way neces- sary for the construction of the project; (2) hold and save the United States free from damages due to the construction works; (3) bear the cost of fences and bridge construction and revision; (4) maintain and operate all the works after completion in ac- cordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of War. Local interests have furnished assurances of local cooperation. These assurances were approved August 2, 1951. Operations and results during fiscal year. Construction of the channel improvement 5.6 miles in length from a point in the city of Eugene, Ore. (Sta. 513/76) to the completed diversion canal lead- ing to Fern Ridge Reservoir was initiated September 1953, by con- tract. Operations were 75 percent complete when a stop order was issued December 14, 1953, due to wet ground and unfavorable working conditions. Work was resumed May 24, 1954, and the job 90 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $180,109.72, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated August 1951. The diversion channel from Amazon Creek to Fern Ridge Reservoir including the diversion works, and a por- tion of the channel improvement of Amazon Creek in the vicinity of the west city limits of Eugene, Oregon have been completed and were turned over to local interests for operation and maintenance November 26, 1952. Construction of another section of the project 1454 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 5.6 miles in length is 90 percent complete and is scheduled to be 100 percent complete July 1954. This construction will complete a flood control unit of the authorized plan. Total costs for new work have been $563,333. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated . ----------------------------------------------- 245, 000 $617, 000 Cost ---------------- $2,713 $5,695 $297,578 $26,277 $180,110 563,333 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $14,274 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project _______________________________ 423,000 25. WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, PORTLAND DISTRICT, OREG. Location. The Willamette River is formed by the Coast and Middle Forks which join a few miles above Eugene, Oreg., flows north 189 miles, and enters the Columbia River 101.5 miles above its mouth. The basin has an area of 11,200 square miles and lies between the Cascade Range on the east and the Coast Range on the west. The major tributaries of the Willamette River rise in the Cascade Mountains and consist of the Coast and Middle Forks and the McKenzie, Calapooya, Santiam, Molalla, and Clackamas Rivers. The important tributaries that head in the Coast Range are the Luckiamute, Yamhill, and Tualatin Rivers. Minor tributaries, all of which enter the main stream from the west, are Marys River, Rickreall Creek, and Long Tom River. Existing project. The Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, ap- proved the general comprehensive plan for flood control, naviga- tion, and other purposes in the Willamette River Basin, as set forth in House Document No. 544, 75th Congress, 3d session, and author- ized $11,300,000 for the initiation and partial accomplishment of the plan recommended for initial development; the reservoirs and related works to be selected and approved by the Chief of En- gineers. Subsequent Flood Control Acts authorized additional flood con- trol works and increased the monetary authority as follows: Act of August 18, 1941, $11 million; act of December 22, 1944, $20 mil- lion; act of July 24, 1946, $35 million; and act of May 17, 1950, $40 million; a total authorization of $117,300,000. In addition, the act of May 17, 1950, as amended by Public Law 75 approved June 22, 1953, contains an authorization of $150 million for the Columbia River Basin, including the Willamette River Basin. The 1950 Act was further amended by Public Law 363, 83d Congress, 2d session, approved May 17, 1954, which substitutes $166,000,000 in lieu of the $150,000,000 authorized. The dams and reservoirs and other improvements included in the plan as modified by the Flood Control Act of 1950 are as follows: FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1455 Estimated Date of Projects and streams Authorizing act cost estimate I Amazon Creek, Oreg.l ___ July 24, 1946 S.D. 138, 79 $1,040,000 1954. Cong., 2d Sess. and May 17, 1950 H.D. 531 81st Cong. 2d Sess. Cottage Grove Reservoir Coast Fork 1-........ June 28, 1938, H.D. 544, 2,373,294 Actual cost. 75th Cong., 3d Sess. Dorena Res. Row R.1 ---- ---- do_---__------.------ 13, 517,101 Actual cost. Lookout Point Res., including Dexter Rereg. June 28, 1938, H.D. 544, 88, 600, 000 1954. Dam.1 75th Cong., 3d Sess. and May 17, 1950, H.D. 531, 81st Cong., 2d Sess. Hills Cr. Dam, Middle Fork 1____- __- ---- do------------------- ....... ... - -.-... 32,300,000 -do 1954. Fall Creek Dam, Middle Fork 2__ Cougar Dam, South Fork McKenzie River 1 I.... -__________- June 28, 1938, H.D. 544, 75th Cong., 3d Sess. 18,800,000 31,000,000 1954. 1954. Blue River Dam, McKenzie Basin 2 3--_-_. . --- do .____-------------. 13, 674,000 1954. Gate Creek Dam, McKenzie Basin 2 3_ ..... _. Not authorized- __------ 13,800, 000 1954. Cascadia Dam, South Santiam River 24____ .... 2 Not authorized _------- ... 25, 200, 000 1954. Wiley Creek Dam, South Santiam River Basin 4. Not authorized....--------.. 8,070,000 1954. Green Peter Dam, Middle Santiam River 4 .. June 28, 1938, H.D. 544, 37,100,000 1954. 75th Cong., 3d Sess. Fern Ridge Reservoir, Long Tom River .-..- I --- do_-__------------- Detroit Res., including Big Cliff, North Santiam 1 _..-do... .__.. . .. . 4,495,780 Actual cost. 1954. 63,345,000 Power authorized by Pub- lic Law 858, 1948. Holley Dam, Calapooya River 2. - May 17, 1950, H.D. 531 12, 500, 000 1954. 81st Cong., 2d Sess. Waldo L. Tunnel and Rereg. wks., N. Fork, May 17, 1950, H.D. 531, 922, 000 1954. M. Fork, Will. R.2 81st Cong., 2d Sess. Channel improvements for flood control and .....do-_----------------- 14,800,000 1954. major drainage on 16 streams tributary to Will. R.2 Pudding River, Oreg. Aug. 18, '41, S.D. 185, 6,640,000 1954. 76th Cong., 3d Sess. and May 17, '50, H. D. 531, 81st Cong., 2d Sess. Johnson Creek, Oreg.l_ May 17, '50, H.D. 531, 519, 000 1954. 81st Cong., 2d Sess. Flood wall and levees at Portland, Oreg. 2_ ...... 18, 900,000 1954. -_---do....------------------ Willamette R. Bank protection (including bank June 28, 1938, H.D. 544, 11,000,000 1954. protection on 77 additional locations on Will. R. 75th Cong., 3d Sess. and and 94 locations on major tributaries).1 May 17, 1950, H.D. 531, 81st Cong., 2d Sess. Channel clearing and2 snagging on Will. R. and May 17, 1950, H.D. 531, 2,190, 000 1954. major tributaries. 81st Cong., 2d Sess. Will. Falls fish ladder 2________ May 17, 1950, H.D. 531, 214,000 1954. 81st Cong., 2d Sess. New Will. Falls 2 5 navigation lock, Will. R. at June 28, 1938 and Mar. 2, Oregon City. 1945, H.D. 544, 75th Cong., 3d Sess. Open river navigation improvement, Will. R.26_ June 28, 1938, H.D. 544, 75th Cong., 3d Sess. 1 See individual report for details of this project. 2 Not yet selected for construction. See House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2nd session for details. 3 Proposed in lieu of Quartz Creek Reservoir. 4 Proposed in lieu of Sweet Home Reservoir. 5 Re-authorized as a river and harbor project by River and Harbor Act of 1945. 6 Included under river and harbor project "Willamette River above Portland and Yamhill River, Ore." Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies to reservoir and dam projects. Local coop- eration for other projects is shown in individual reports for those projects. Operations and results during fiscal year. The progress of pre- liminary work and status of operations on projects selected for construction are given in individual reports for those projects. No costs were incurred other than those shown under the individual reports. Condition at end of fiscal year. The following projects have been completed and are in continuous operation: Fern Ridge Res- ervoir was completed in August 1951; Cottage Grove Reservoir, March 1952; and Dorena Reservoir, October 1952. The Detroit 1456 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Reservoir project is essentially complete and power is being pro- duced with all three generators. The Lookout Point Reservoir project is 89 percent complete. The scheduled "in service" dates for the three generating units at Lookout Point Dam powerhouse are December 1954, and April and June 1955. The power unit at Dexter Reregulating Dam is sched- uled to go on the line April 1955. Advance planning for construction of Hills Creek and Cougar Dam projects was in progress during the fiscal year. Details of operation and construction and the financial status of the above projects are given in the individual reports for those projects. During the low-water season, July-September, supplemental water releases are made from the Willamette River Basin reser- voirs for conservation purposes. Interests which benefit from the increased downstream flows include irrigation, navigation, power, pollution abatement, and recreation. Although optimum regula- tion cannot be provided for every conservation interest, water re- leased from the reservoirs during the low-water season for a par- ticular purpose will usually provide benefits to other conservation uses as well. The basic policy is to provide the most beneficial over- all regulation, consistent with established water-use priorities. The following table summarizes the status of projects author- ized, under "Willamette River Basin, Portland, Oregon District". Approved Total new Cost to June 30, 1954 -Percent Project 1954 work appro- com- estimated priations to Date construction initiated and completed cost June 30, 1954 New work Maintenance pleted . 1 i I i i I Cottage Grove Reservoir_ ... . .. $2,373,294 $2,373,294 $2,373,294 $284,079 100 Started in August 1940. Dam completed and in operation in September 1942. Project completed March 28, 1952. Dorena Reservoir. __.......-............-..... 13,517, 101 13,517, 101 13, 517, 101 159, 275 100 Relocations started in June 1941. Dam and reservoir com- 0 pleted and in operation in October 1949. Project complete 0O October 1952. O Lookout Point Reservoir, including Dexter Re- 88, 600, 000 85,176,320 79, 765,839 89 Construction of project initiated May 1947. Construction regulating Dam. of Dexter Reregulating Dam initiated April 1953. Project H -- - - -- - - Hills Creek Dam........ 32, 300, 000 462,500 441,584 scheduled for completion fiscal year 1957. Planning initiated fiscal year 1952. O 0 Fall Creek Dam....________ __--------------- 18, 800000 _ --- ----;, - Cougar Dam.... 31, 000,000 S115, 500 115,500 ----.......... Planning initiated fiscal year 1953. Blue River Dam_........._____ .____________._ 13,674,000 196, 000 96,000 Gate Creek Dam_......_......__ ___..._ .......... 13,800,000 195,000 95, 000 Cascadia Dam ............................... 25,200,000 1 112,000 112,000 0 Wiley Creek Dam_..................___.___.... 8,070,000 1112,000 112,000 Green Peter Dam................................ 37,100,000 3 115, 371 115,371 Fern Ridge Reservoir_...... . __................. 4,495,780 4, 495, 780 4, 495, 780 430, 613 Construction started in April 1940. Dam and reservoir in H 100 operation in 1942. Project completed August 1951. Holley Dam .................. ............ ... . 12 500n 000 63,345,000 Detroit Reservior and Big Cliff Re-regulating 63, 345, 000 63,345,000 63, 345, 000 61, 719,793 97 Construction of project initiated May 1947. Construction Dam. ............... of Detroit Dam started March 1949 and completed June 1953. Construction of Big Cliff Dam started September 1951. Project completion date June 1955. z Waldo Lake tunnel and re-regulating wks. ..... 922,000 ---------------------- Willamette Falls fish ladder_...__ ____ 214,000 ------------ Amazon Creek, Oreg...........____________ . 1, 040, 000 617,000 563,333 54- Construction was initiated August 14, 1951. rr Pudding River, Oreg_____ 6, 640,000 5,000 5,000 Costs were for advance planning. Johnson Cr. at Ptld ......... 519,000 --- 956, -238- C-. Flood wall and levees at Portland................ 18,900,000 .--------...-----.... Will. R. Basin, Bank Protection_.... ........ 0 11,000,000 5,402, 424 5,389,985 49. Construction was initiated in 1938. Channel Imp. for flood control and major drain- 14,800,000 -.........--- --.......... age on 16 tribs. to Will. R. Channel clearing and snagging on Will. R. and 2,190, 000 ------------- -------- 1 major tribs. 1------- I ---- Total ------..........--................ $421,000,175 $176,040,290 $168,917, 580 $2, 008, 903 40 i Pro-rata cost of site selection studies. ~ 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~ coto ieslcinsuis Pr-rt Icue 13,0 r-aasaeo ieslcinsuis 3 Includes $113,000 pro-rata share of site selection studies. 2 Includes $96,000 pro-rata share of site selection studies. 1458 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 26. HILLS CREEK DAM, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the Middle Fork Willamette River, 47.8 miles from the mouth and 26.5 miles upstream from the Lookout Point Dam. The Middle Fork Willamette River rises on the west slope of the Cascade Range and flows northwesterly to its junction with the Coast Fork Willamette River 4 miles southeast of Eugene, Oreg., to form the main Willamette River. The location of the dam is about 45 miles southeast from Eugene, Oreg. The drainage area above the dam site is 389 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earth and gravel-fill dam about 2,215 feet long at the crest and 304 feet high above the streambed. An ungated spillway of the straight chute type will be located in the right abut- ment. The dam will form a reservoir 7.5 miles long, with a usable storage capacity of 291,000 acre-feet at normal pool level. A diver- sion and outlet tunnel will be located in the right abutment. Power facilities consisting of a power tunnel, surge tank, penstock, and powerplant will be located at the right abutment. The power instal- lation will consist of two 15,000 kilowatt units. The Hills Creek Dam project is an integral unit of the compre- hensive plan for development of the water resources of the Willa- mette River Basin. The Hills Creek and Lookout Point reservoirs will be operated as a unit for control of floods and generation of power on the Middle Fork Willamette River. These reservoirs, in conjunction with the Dexter reregulating dam and the Fall Creek flood control reservoir, will effectively control floods on the Middle Fork and provide maximum efficient generation of hydroelectric power. The Hills Creek Dam project was authorized by Public Law 516, 81st Congress, 2d session, approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost, revised in 1954, including power facilities, $26,863,600 for construction and $5,436,400 for lands and damages including re- locations, a total of $32,300,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Foundation investi- gations and design studies for preparation of the general design memorandum were in progress. In May 1954 digging of a test pit for the purpose of subsurface exploration was initiated by contract. Total costs for the fiscal year were $141,877.02 all for planning. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been ac- complished. Engineering, including field surveys and foundation investigations, is in progress. A general design memorandum is 85 percent complete. Total costs have been $441,584. FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1459 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ---------------------- -----...... $165, 000 $155, 000 $142, 500 $462, 500 Cost-----------------...-- ---- ------------ 46, 971 252, 736 141,877 441,584 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__.- - - $14,980.37 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ __ 125,000.00 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-_ -------------- ---------- 139,980.37 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project -------------------------- 32,160,020.00 27. LOOKOUT POINT RESERVOIR (MERIDIAN SITE), WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the Middle Fork Willamette River at Meridian site, 21.3 miles from the mouth. The Middle Fork Willamette River rises in Lane County on the western slope of the Cascade Range and flows northwesterly to its junction with the Coast Fork, which is the head of the main stem Willamette River. The dam site is approximately 22 miles southeast from Eugene, Oreg. The drainage area tributary to the reservoir is 991 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a main dam at the Meridian site and a reregulating dam 3 miles downstream at the Dexter site. Both dams will be earth and gravel fills with concrete gravity spillways and power generating facilities. The main dam will have a height of 250 feet above the stream bed and will be 3,175 feet long at the crest, form- ing a reservoir 14.2 miles long and providing total storage of 456,- 000 acre-feet at normal pool level. The spillway, 274 feet long, will be a gate-controlled overflow type, forming the right abutment. Outlet works, consisting of slide-gate-controlled conduits, will pass through the spillway section. The powerhouse will have 3 main generating units totaling 120,000-kilowatt capacity. The reregu- lating dam will have a maximum height of 80 feet above the foun- dation and will be 2,835 feet long at the crest, forming a pool ex- tending upstream to the main dam and providing pondage to re- regulate Lookout Point power water releases to a uniform dis- charge. The spillway will be a gate-controlled overflow section 476 feet long forming the right abutment. Flow regulation will be accomplished by use of the spillway gates plus releases through the powerhouse, which will contain one 15,000-kilowatt unit. Lookout Point and Dexter Dams will be operated as a single unit of a coordinated system of dams to protect Willamette River Val- 1460 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ley against floods, to provide needed hydroelectric power, and to increase low water flows for navigation, irrigation, and other pur- poses. The existing project, authorized as a unit of the comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Willamette River Basin, was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 28, 1938, House Document 544, 75th Congress, 3d session. The Flood Con- trol Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities and the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d ses- sion, modified the project to provide for power generating facilities. The estimated cost revised in 1954, including the Dexter re-regu- lating dam, is $38,253,300 for lands and damages, including relo- cations and $50,346,700 for construction, a total of $88,600,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance is $218,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Lookout Point Dam: Relocation of County Road No. 360 was accomplished November 1953, except for a short section upon which the high line track is situated. Construction of the earth dam and concrete gravity spillway was essentially complete except for installation of the spillway crest gates and operating machinery. The powerhouse structure progressed to 82 percent completion and installation of the me- chanical and electrical equipment was initiated. Functional regulation of Lookout Point Reservoir was on an in- terim basis during the fiscal year. The reservoir was maintained slightly below the interim minimum pool elevation of 760 during the summer and fall months. A flood November 22-24, 1953, had a peak inflow of 64,400 second-feet, which was reduced to a max- imum outflow of 21,000 second-feet. Approximately 100,000 acre- feet of water was stored in Lookout Point Reservoir in regulating this flood. Several lesser freshets occurred during the winter months, all of which were fully controlled, in Middle Fork Wil- lamette River. Construction activities delayed the start of conservation filling of the reservoir until mid-April. The reservoir was filled steadily the next two months and attained a maximum elevation of 880 on June 21, 1954. Dexter Re-regulating Dam: Construction of the Dexter re- regulating dam and powerhouse was 85 percent complete at the end of the fiscal year with placing of concrete under way in both structures. A contract was awarded for installation of equip- ment in the powerhouse but work not initiated. Highway relocation work and reservoir clearing were completed. Total costs for the fiscal year were $16,325,234.96, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated May 1947 is 89 percent complete. All highway and rail- road relocation work is complete except for a small amount of road grading and surfacing. The Lookout Point dam is essentially FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1461 complete and the powerhouse structure is scheduled to be complete in November 1954. The "in-service" date for generating unit No. 1 is scheduled for December 1954, Unit No. 2 for April 1955, and the third unit is scheduled to be placed on the line in June 1955. Construction of Dexter re-regulating dam and powerhouse struc- ture is scheduled for completion in December 1954. Re-regulation of the fluctuating flows from Lookout Point dam will be in effect December 1954, and power on the line from the Dexter unit is planned for April 1955. Fish facilities consisting of a salmon hatchery at Oakridge, Oregon and a game fish hatchery at Leaburg, are complete and in operation. At Dexter Dam construction of a salmon egg collect- ing station is in progress. Total costs have been $79,765,839 all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-__... $9, 500,000 $13,617, 700 $16, 000,000 $17,166,620 $18,000,000 $85, 176,320 Cost--------......... 6,835,494 16, 347, 322 20,264,238 13, 390, 027 16, 325, 235 79, 765,839 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954------ ---- $1,049,676 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-----...... 3,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_------------------------------------------4,049,676 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project------------------------------- --- 423,680 28. COTTAGE GROVE RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the Coast Fork of Willamette River, 29 miles from the mouth. The Coast Fork rises in Douglas County, Oreg., on the western slope of the Cascade Range and the northern slope of the Calapooya Range, flows north for 49 miles, and unites with the Middle Fork to form the main Willamette River. The drainage area tributary to this reservoir is 104 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam, 1,650 feet long at the crest, rising 95 feet above the stream bed, with a reservoir providing for usable storage of 30,000 acre-feet. The spillway, 264 feet long, is a con- crete, gravity, overflow type forming the right abutment. Outlet works, consisting of three gate-controlled conduits, pass through the spillway section. The reservoir is operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Willamette River Val- ley and to increase low water flow for navigation. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin, contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Con- trol Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities. 1462 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The actual cost for new work is $1,821,793.94 for construction and $551,500 for lands and damages, a total of $2,373,293.94 The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of opera- tion and maintenance is $35,700. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The dam, reservoir, and public use facilities were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year. A total of 56,799 persons visited the reservoir area for recreational purposes. Functioning of Cottage Grove Reservoir was normal during the fiscal year. Several freshets and minor floods, and one moderate flood, occurred, all of which were completely controlled on Coast Fork Willamette River. The largest flood occurred November 22-23, 1953, and had a peak inflow of 10,800 second-feet, at which time the outflow was maintained at 100 second-feet. Volume of water stored during this flood was 20,000 acre-feet, or 67 percent of the total flood control space in the reservoir. Cottage Grove Reservoir was drawn down to minimum conser- vation pool during the months of August-October. The low natu- ral flows in both Coast Fork and the main stem of Willamette Rivers were supplemented by the releases from Cottage Grove and other reservoirs during this season. Conservation filling was initiated on February 1, and the sched- uled filling rate was maintained until about May 1, 1954. After that date the reservoir inflow was inadequate to maintain the fill- ing rate and the maximum storage attained was 27,000 acre-feet, 4,000 acre-feet below maximum conservation pool. Total costs for the fiscal year were $31,990 all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated August 1940 was completed April 1952. The dam and reservoir have been in continous operation since September 1942. Total costs have been $2,657,373 of which $2,373,294 was for new work and $284,079 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .. ____ $140, 000 -$20,000 .- $3, 206 $2,373, 294 Cost ____ ___ 56,809 33,735 $26, 249 995 2,373,294 Maintenance: Appropriated- 31, 200 27, 200 28, 250 28,000 $36, 400 2907 250 Cost -31, 088 25,835 25,253 30, 714 311990 284,079 29. DORENA RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. Dorena Reservoir is located on Row River, Oreg., 7 miles from the mouth. Row River rises in Lane County on the western slope of the Cascade Range, flows northwest for 19 miles, FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1463 and enters the Coast Fork of Willamette River 191/2 miles above the mouth. The drainage area, tributary to this reservoir, is 265 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam, 3,297 feet long at the crest, rising 145 feet above the streambed, with a reservoir providing usable storage capacity at normal pool level of 70,000 acre-feet. The spillway, 200 feet long, is a concrete gravity, overflow type, form- ing the right abutment. Outlet works consisting of five slide gate-controlled conduits pass through the spillway section. The reservoir, controlling practically the entire drainage area of Row River, will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir sys- tem to protect the Willamette River Valley and to increase low water flows for navigation, and for other purposes. The existing project was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recreational facilities. The actual cost of new work is $13,517,101. The approved (1953) estimate of the annual cost of operation and maintenance is $40,300. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: The dam and reservoir were in continuous operation throughout the fiscal year. At total of 27,687 persons visited the reservoir area for recreational purposes. Functional regulation of Dorena Reservoir was normal during the fiscal year. Several freshets and minor floods, and one mod- erate flood, occurred all of which were completely controlled on Coast Fork Willamette River. The largest flood occurred November 22-23, 1953, and had a peak inflow of 20,400 second-feet, at which time the outflow was maintained at 100 second-feet. Volume of water stored in Dorena Reservoir to control this flood was 56,500 acre-feet, or 80 percent of the total flood control space in the reservoir. Dorena Reservoir was drawn down to minimum conservation pool during the months of August-October. The low natural flows in both Coast Fork and the main stem of Willamette River were supplemented by the releases from Dorena and other reservoirs during this season. Conservation filling was initiated on February 1, 1954, but be- cause of inadequate inflow during the latter part of the filling season the maximum storage attained was 69,000 acre-feet, 3,000 acre-feet below maximum conservation pool. Total costs for the fiscal year were $32,659.23 all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated in June 1941 was completed October 1952. The dam and appurtenant works were placed in operation November 1949. Total costs have been $13,676,376, of which $13,517,101 was for new work, and $159,275 for maintenance. 1464 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- . . $2, 500,000 $170,600 $100,000 -$132,060 ------------ $13, 517,101 Cost.... ---- 1, 777, 286 217, 671 366,034 48,846 ------------ 13,517,101 Maintenance: Appropriated - ---- 21,000 35,100 38, 520 33,500 $37, 900 166,020 Cost.----------------- 20,172 33,955 37,446 35,042 32 659 159,275 30. FERN RIDGE RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On the Long Tom River, 23.6 miles from the mouth. The Long Tom River rises in Lane County, Oreg., on the eastern slope of the Coast Range, flows north for 50 miles, and enters the Willamette River 147 miles above its mouth. The drainage area tributary to this reservoir is 252 square miles. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of an earthfill dam, 6,360 feet long at the crest, and two auxiliary dikes, 850 feet and 3,680 feet long, along the north- easterly boundary of the reservoir. The main dam has a maximum height of 44 feet above the streambed. The spillway, located near the left abutment, consists of a gravity section concrete overflow structure controlled by six automatic radial gates. Outlet works are located in the spillway structure. The project includes recti- fication of the channel of Long Tom River downstream from the dam. The reservoir, having a usable storage capacity of 95,000 acre-feet, protects the Long Tom River Valley and will be operated as a unit of the coordinated reservoir system to protect the Wil- lamette River Valley generally and to increase low water flows for navigation. The existing project was selected for construction under the gen- eral authorization for the Willamette River Basin contained in the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the proj- ect to provide for recreational facilities. The actual cost of new work is $3,683,145 for construction and $812,635 for lands and damages, a total of $4,495,780. The latest (1953) estimate of the annual cost of operation and maintenance is $48,400. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. The dam, reservoir and public use facilities were in continuous operation. A total of 113,826 persons visited the reservoir area for recreational pur- poses. Several minor floods and one major flood occurred during the winter high water season. Flood waters were stored in Fern Ridge Reservoir so as to control the floods completely in Long Tom River and, in conjunction with other reservoirs in Willamette Basin, to effect substantial reductions on the main stem of the Willamette River. FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1465 The largest flood, which was of major flood proportions, on Long Tom River occurred during January 27-30, 1954. Peak in- flow into Fern Ridge Reservoir was 19,400 second-feet, which is the greatest inflow since Fern Ridge Project has been in operation. Flood volume was not as great as that of some previous floods, however, and the entire inflow, except for a minimum release of about 50 second-feet, was stored in the reservoir during the flood. The volume of water stored was 80,000 acre-feet, or about 85 percent of the total flood control space in the reservoir. The reservoir was drawn down to minimum conservation pool during the months of August-October. Natural flows in Willam- ette River were low during this season and were augmented by the releases from Fern Ridge and other reservoirs in the interests of irrigation, navigation, pollution abatement, and fish life. Conservation filling of Fern Ridge Reservoir began February 1, as scheduled, and the reservoir was nearly full on the scheduled date of May 1, 1954. Total costs for the fiscal year were $42,165.79 all for mainte- nance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated April 1940 was completed August 1951. The dam and reservoir have been in continuous operation since December 1941. Total costs have been $4,926,393, of which $4,495,780 was for new work and $430,613 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _ . $190,000 $50, 000 -$4, 000 -$7, 945------------ $4,495,780 Cost ..... . 192, 778 80,760 95,134 .. ---- ---- 4,495,780 Maintenance: Appropriated - 45, 800 35, 700 46, 230 46, 500 $45, 400 436,030 Cost ----- .---------- 45,311 35,236 43,823 47,677 42,166 430,613 31. COUGAR DAM, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On South Fork McKenzie River 4.4 miles from the mouth. South Fork McKenzie River flows northwesterly from its source and joins McKenzie River about 56.5 miles above its con- fluence with Willamette River. Existing project.- The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earth- and gravel-filled dam about 1,630 feet long at the crest and 430 feet high above the stream bed. The dam will form a reservoir about 6 miles long with a usable capacity at normal pool of 182,000 acre-feet. The spillway, 288 feet long, will be an overflow combination chute and tunnel section located in the left abutment. The outlet tunnel and power tunnel will pass through the right abutment. The powerhouse, when authorized, will include one unit rated at 25,000 kilowatts and will be located near the toe of the dam along the right abutment. The improve- ment will function as a unit in the coordinated system of reservoirs for multiple-purpose development of the water resources in the 1466 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Willamette River Basin. The project is one of three reservoirs to replace the Quartz Creek Reservoir which was authorized by the Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938. Authorization for Cougar Reservoir, ex- clusive of complete power features, is contained in the Flood Con- trol Act approved May 17, 1950. The estimated cost approved in 1954, exclusive of power, is $29,216,200 for construction and $1,783,800 for lands and damages including relocations, a total of $31,000,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. A topographic sur- vey of the dam site was completed and a memorandum report prepared recommending that inclusion of power generating facili- ties in the project be authorized. Costs for the fiscal year were $7,407.52: Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction has been ac- complished. Engineering studies and preliminary planning are in progress. Total costs have been $115,500. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950' New work: Appropriated - --- -------- $15, 000 $4, 500 $115, 500 Cost--- 12,092 7,408 115,500 1 Includes $96,000 prorated share of site selection costs in lieu of Quartz Creek Reservoir. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project_- - $30,884,500 32. GREEN PETER DAM, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On Middle Fork Santiam River, 4 miles from the mouth and 56.8 miles from the mouth of Santiam River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of an earth- and rock-fill dam about 1,180 feet long at the crest and 350 feet high above the stream bed. The dam will form a reservoir about 11 miles long with a usable capacity at normal pool of 322,000 acre-feet. The spillway to be located in the left abutment will consist of a free overflow chute section about 300 feet long at the crest. Outlet works will be incorporated in a tunnel through the left abutment. The powerhouse, when author- ized, will include two units rated at 40,500 kilowatts each and will be located near the toe of the dam along the left abutment. The improvement will function as a unit in the coordinated system of reservoirs for multiple purpose development of the water resources in Willamette River Basin. The project is one of the three reservoirs to replace the Sweet Home Reservoir which was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. Authorization for Green Peter Dam ex- FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1467 clusive of complete power features is contained in the Flood Con- trol Act of May 17, 1950. The estimated cost approved in 1954 exclusive of power is $32,330,000 for construction and $4,770,000 for land and damages including relocations, a total of $37,100,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Advance planning costs were $2,371.34. Condition at end of fiscal year. A site selection report has been completed and preliminary advance planning initiated for Green Peter Dam, which is one of three dams proposed to be constructed in lieu of Sweet Home Reservoir project, originally authorized. Total costs have been $115,371. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated-------_ ------------------------------- $2, 371 $115,371 Cost ----- 2,371 115,371 1 Includes $113,000 pro-rata share of site selection costs. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appro- priated for completion of existing project------ ------------ -- 36,984,629 33. DETROIT RESERVOIR, WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. On North Santiam River, with dam site 60 miles from the mouth and 45 miles southeast of Salem, Oreg. North Santiam River flows north and west for 85 miles, and unites with South Santiam River to form Santiam River, which 10 miles down- stream enters the Williamette River 108 miles above its mouth. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of one main dam and a re-regulating dam, both with power generating facilities. Detroit Dam is a concrete-gravity structure approximately 1,580 feet in length and 379 feet in height above riverbed. The spillway is a gate-controlled overflow section, and the outlet works are gate-controlled conduits through the dam. The powerhouse with two units having a capacity of 50,000 kilowatts each is located in the right abutment immediately below the dam. The reservoir has a usable storage capacity of 340,000 acre-feet. It is being operated as a unit in the coor- dinated reservoir system to protect the Williamette Valley from floods, to increase low water flows in the interest of navigation and irrigation, to generate power, and for other purposes. The re-regulating dam located 3 miles downstream-at the Big Cliff site will be of the concrete-gravity type, approximately 128 feet in height above riverbed. The power installation proposed will be one unit with a capacity of 18,000 kilowatts. The reservoir created by the dam will have a usable storage capacity of 3,000 acre-feet. The project is a unit of comprehensive plan for flood control and other purposes in the Williamette Basin. The existing project 1468 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 was selected for construction under the general authorization for the Willamette River Basin contained in Flood Control Act ap- proved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and July 24, 1946, modified the project to provide for recrea- tional facilities, and the Flood Control Act of June 30, 1948, modified the existing project to provide for the installation of hydroelectric power generating facilities, including the construc- tion of a re-regulating dam. The estimated cost (1954) is $55,376,200 for construction and $7,968,800 for lands and damages including relocations, a total of $63,345,000. The 1953 estimate of annual cost of operation and maintenance is $218,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Detroit Dam: The concrete gravity dam, and the powerhouse and appurtenances, were completed. Generating unit No. 1 was in commercial opera- tion the entire fiscal year and unit No. 2 was placed on the line October 19, 1953. Grading of a short section of Kinney Creek forest access road at the dam axis and miscellaneous minor items of modification and cleanup were accomplished. Big Cliff Reregulating Dam: The dam and powerhouse were essentially complete and installation of electrical and mechanical equipment necessary for generator operation was accomplished. The generating unit was placed on the line June 11, 1954. Use of Big Cliff dam for regulating the flow from the Detroit units was effected in October 1953. Routine operation and maintenance of Detroit dam and power- house and appurtenant facilities were continued throughout the fiscal year. During the fiscal year a total of 434,397,000 KWH of electrical power energy was generated by the Detroit and Big Cliff power- houses, of which 432,162,000 KWH was delivered to Bonneville Power Administration. Functional regulation of Detroit Reservoir was normal during the fiscal year. A number of freshets and minor floods occurred, all of which were completely controlled in North Santiam River. Substantial stage reductions on lower Santiam and Willamette Rivers were effected by Detroit Reservoir during the high water periods. The reservoir was drawn down from interim maximum conser- FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1469 vation pool, elevation 1525, during the months of September- November 1953. Low natural flows in lower Santiam and Willamette Rivers were supplemented by the releases from De- troit Reservoir in the interests of conservation uses. Water was stored for control of floods several times during the high water season of late November through February. Conservation filling of the reservoir was accomplished Febru- ary-April 1954. The reservoir was nearly at the maximum con- servation pool elevation of 1563.5 on the scheduled date of May 5 and reached that elevation soon thereafter. A total of 78,346 persons visited the reservoir area for recrea- tional purposes during the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $3,159,605.19 of which $2,980,907.37 was for new work and $178,697.82 for operation and maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated in June 1947 is essentially complete. Remaining to complete are accomplishment of minor mechanical and architectural features in the Big Cliff powerhouse, some road surfacing and oiling, and miscellaneous items of modification and cleanup. The three generating units are in commercial production and the project is being operated as a unit in the coordinated reservoir system of Willamette Valley for flood control. A salmon egg collecting station at Minto Pool below Big Cliff dam and a salmon hatchery at Marion Forks have been con- structed and are in operation. Total costs have been $61,898,491 of which $61,719,793 is for new work and $178,698 for operation and maintenance. Powerproduction and revenues. During the first year of opera- tion: a total of 434,397,000 kilowatt hours were generated of which 2,235,000 kilowatt hours were used for operation of the project and 432,162,000 kilowatt hours were delivered to the Bonneville Power Administration, the Marketing Agency, for disposition. Revenues allocated to the project for the year amounted to $1,590,- 000.00 of which $130,651.68 was for repayment of operating expenses applicable to power, $685,365.72 for repayment of inter- est expense applicable to power and $773,982.60 for amortization of construction costs, including replacement applicable to power. Of a total of $61,898,491.18 expended to date on the project for construction, operation and maintenance and replacements, the amount of $39,828,186.23, or 64 percent, has been for direct and allocated portions of power features. 1470 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Summary of governmental investments and expenses for power purposes as of June 30, 1954, and repayments thereon are tabu- lated below: Investment Construction costs (including interest during con- $42,480,005.04 struction). Replacements (net retirements) ..... _.....-......... 89.72 Total cost of fixed plant...~......... Net other assets (credit balance) .................... ----.. . . . 42,480,094.76 151.67 Total capital investment...... . . . ............................. $42, 479, 943.09 Expenses Operation and maintenance (excluding depreci- 130, 651. 68 ation). Interest..... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. 685, 365.72 Total expenses .......................... 816, 017.40 816, 017.40 43, 295, 960.49 Repayments Total expenses (currently repaid) .....-...... ..... 816, 017.40 Amortization of capital investment .. __. 773, 982.60 Total repayments - -.... . .... .... ......... . 1, 590, 000.00 Net remaining capital investment to be repaid.... - .. ... - 41,705,960.49 43, 295, 960.49 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated_ $9,600,000 $15,862,100$16,978,000$10,299, 000 -$366,200 $63, 345,000 Cost_. _ 6,930,049 14,940, 662 20,378,703 9,337,239 2,980,907 61,719, 793 Maintenance: Appropriated_ 184,200 184,200 Cost. _ 698 178, 178,698 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ _ $1,026,665.39 34. WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN, OREG. (BANK PROTECTION) Location. On Willamette River and tributaries, between the Cascade Range and the Coast Range, from a point south of Eugene to Portland, Oreg. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for clear- ing, sloping, and revetting of river banks; construction of pile and timber bulkheads and drift barriers; minor channel improve- ments; and maintenance of existing works for control of floods and prevention of erosion at various locations along Willamette River and its tributaries. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, and June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act of May FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1471 17, 1950, authorized similar work at 77 additional locations. The estimated cost of new work revised in 1954 is $11,000,000. The latest approved annual cost of maintenance (1953) is $100,000. Local cooperation. Section 204 of the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: A total of 20,195 linear feet of bank protection works was completed during the fiscal year at the following listed locations on Wil- lamette River and tributaries: Location Quantity Nature of work (linear feet) WILLAMETTE RIVER Hathaway, R/B, Middle Channel opposite Mile 139..... Dumped stone revetment .-.. 1, 503 * Stallbush Island, R/B, Mile 135.2-------------------.................... do --..... ............. 2, 673 SOUTH SANTIAM RIVER * Cox, L/B & R/B, Mile 18.8.................---------------------- Dumped stone revetment and 11, 827 channel rectification. Crenshaw, L/B, Mile 16.2......----------------------- Dumped stone revetment ..... 1, 226 * Blakeley, R/B, Mile 14.9------------------------Dumped stone revetment and 1, 195 channel rectification. CALAPOOYA RIVER * Henshaw, R/B, Mile 38------------------------- Dumped stone revetment and 1, 771 channel rectification. Total linear feet_. .................... .. . .. . ... ... ..... 20, 195 * Minor additional work will be accomplished at these locations in fiscal year 1955. Contracts were awarded for construction, and work initiated at Morriss Location on McKenzie River and at Eagle Location on South Santiam River. Plans and specifications were completed, but advertisement of the work at the following locations was in abeyance pending receipts of rights-of-way from local interests: Laird and Wilson Locations on Middle Fork and Half Moon Bend Location on main stem of Willamette River. Maintenance: Repair of existing bank protection works at various locations on Willamette River and tributaries was com- pleted by contract and by hired labor. Total costs for the fiscal year were $515,298.86 of which $464,- 946.00 was for new work and $50,352.86 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project initiated in 1938 is 49 percent complete. A total of 257,918 linear feet of bank protection works, consisting of the revetment of river banks, pile and timber bulkheads, drift barriers and channel improvement, having been completed on Willamette River and tributaries. The Annual Reports for the fiscal years 1949-1953 itemized 237,723 linear feet of this total by streams and locations. Total costs to June 30, 1954, from Federal funds have been $6,346,223 of which $956,238 has been for maintenance and $5,389,985 for new work as follows: Sig 47-1471-1502 1472 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Stream Regular funds Emergency Total relief funds Willamette River $3,450,412.00 $131,767.89 $3,582,179.89 McKenzie River_ 455,130.87 21.66 455,152.53 Clackamas River 23,019.21 21,600.00 44,619.21 Molalla River 152,240.79 122,477.91 274,718.70 Santiam River--- .. 882,207.59 72.54 882,280.13 Tualatin River 68,941.97 68,941.97 Marys River and Muddy Creek_ _ _ 9,271.82 9,271.82 Calapooya River ......... 72,820.74 -- _ 72,820.74 Total, all funds 5,114,044.99 275,940.00 5,389,984.99 In addition $43,969.05 has been expended for new work on Willamette River from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 ' New work: Appropriated .- . $450,000 $450,000 $400,000 $398,000 $310,000 $5, 402424 Cost ...---------------- 376, 155 357, 120 515, 071 285, 682 464,946 5,389985 Maintenance: Appropriated .. 61,000 66,000 66,000 43,800 21,500 963 300 Cost----------------176,806 58,853 23,535 123,007 50,353 956,238 1In addition $43,969 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955________ $300,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------ -------------------------------------- 300,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_---------------- 5,297,576 35. LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, OREG. AND WASH. Location. On Columbia River and minor tributaries, channels, and sloughs, between Sandy River, Oreg., approximately 15 miles east of Vancouver, Wash., and the mouth of Columbia River. Existing project. The plan of improvement for bank protection, construction of flood control works, and improvements to existing projects, in the lower Columbia River Basin was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session. The plan provides for new construction and for supplementing and extending projects authorized by the Flood Control Act of June 22, 1936, in the Columbia, Lewis, and Cowlitz River Basins, as follows: a. Lower Columbia River Basin levees at new locations, Oregon and Washington. This provides for flood control works at five FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1473 Washougal area, Clark County, Wash., approximately 5% miles of levee and other appurtenant works at an estimated cost of $670,000 from Federal funds. Hayden Island, Oreg., approximately 4 miles of levee and other appurtenant works at an estimated cost of $546,200 from Federal funds. Vancouver Lake area, in vicinity of Vancouver, Wash., approximately 11 miles of levee and other appurtenant works at an estimated cost of $3,374,000 from Federal funds. Kalama River (south area) Cowlitz County, Wash., approximately 3 miles of levee and other appurtenant works at an estimated cost of $754,700 from Federal funds. Clatskanie River area, Oreg., approximately 2,000 feet of bulkhead and levee and other appurtenant work at an estimated cost of $156,000 from Federal funds. The estimated total Federal cost approved in 1954 is $5,500,000. The estimated non-Federal cost is $1,349,100. b. Lower Columbia River Basin bank protection works, Oregon and Washington. This improvement provides for bank protection works at 66 locations on Columbia River and tributaries between Sandy River and mouth of Columbia River, totaling approximately 123,800 linear feet. The estimated total cost approved in 1954 is $6,880,000. c. Lower Columbia River Basin levees and improvement to ex- isting projects. This provides for improvements to existing projects as delineated below: Estimated cost of Location work approved in 1964 Sandy drainage district, Multnomah County, Oreg............................ $15, 400* Multnomah drainage district No. 1, Multnomah County, Oreg- .. 1, 550,000 Peninsula drainage district No. 2, Multnomah County, Oreg--..... .. 1,000, 000 Peninsula drainage district No. 1, Multnomah County, Oreg............. 790,000 Sauvie Island (areas A and B) .... ------------------------------ 574, 000 Columbia drainage district No. 1 ------------------------...------.. 1, 197, 000 Bachelor Island, Clark County, Wash...........-.......... .........-............. 2, 132, 000 Scappoose drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg..--................... 817, 000 Lewis River area.......................................................---------------------------..................-------..... 859, 000 Cowlitz diking and improvement district Nos. 5 and 11...................... 1,255,000 Deer Island drainage district.................................................................... 382,000 Cowlitz County diking and improvement districts Nos. 2 and 13_..... 389, 000 Consolidated diking and improvement district No. 1, Cowlitz County, Wash.........--......-------------------.................................................................---------------....... 1,400,000 Cowlitz County diking improvement district No. 15..................-------------- 212,000 Rainier drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg-............--................. 520, 000 John drainage district.........------------..-----------------..................................--------................... 87, 000 Beaver drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg---------.....------.................... 186, 000 Clatskanie drainage district......................................................-------------------- 162,000 Magruder drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg......-----------..-....-. . 62,000 Midland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg-------..-.-..-............ ... 108, 000 Woodson drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg-----------.....-__......__. 81,000 Puget Island Area, Wahkiakum diking districts Nos. 1 and 3... _____.. 1, 100, 000 Tenasillahee Island diking district No. 6....__.......__--.................__ .. 46, 000 Wahkiakum diking district No. 4.---..............._......._.............. .. 324,000 Clatsop County diking district No. 4.........._............ ............... . .. 31, 000 Clatsop County drainage district No. 1. __................ .... __............._.... 20,600 Construction was accomplished by local interests at no cost to the Government. The estimated total cost from Federal funds approved in 1954 is $15,300,000. 1474 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The estimated non-Federal cost is $725,200. The approved 1954 Federal cost of all work under the lower Columbia River Basin, Oregon and Washington, as authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, is $27,680,000. Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950, pro- vides that local interests: (1) Provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights-of-way; (2) make all necessary highway, highway bridge, and utility alterations; (3) hold and save the United States free from all damages due to the construction works; and (4) maintain and operate the works after completion in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. Operations and results during fiscal year. The progress of en- gineering and construction accomplished is given under individual report for Sandy Drainage District, Improvement to Existing Projects. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the improve- ment to the existing project in Sandy Drainage District has been completed, at no cost to the Government, by local interests. 36. SANDY DRAINAGE DISTRICT, MULTNOMAH COUNTY, OREG., LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN LEVEES AND IMPROVEMENT TO EXISTING PROJECTS Location. This district is located in Multnomah County, Oreg., near the town of Troutdale about 13 miles east of Vancouver, Wash., and 119 miles and 121.5 miles above the mouth of Columbia River at lower and upper ends respectively. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for strengthening existing levee on the landward side by the addition of pervious material between stations 0+00 and 145+00 and the installation of type 2 toe drains along the levee at various locations as needed. The estimated cost: Construction of the project as authorized has been completed by the Sandy Drainage District at no cost to the Federal Government. Local cooperation. Requirements of the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950 applied. Operations and results during fiscal year. A "General Design Memorandum" covering the authorized improvement was com- pleted. Construction of the project as authorized was accom- plished by local interests at no cost to the Government. Total costs for the fiscal year from Federal funds were $5,277.97 for advance engineering and design. Condition at end of fiscal year. All authorized construction work has been completed by local interests. Total costs from Federal funds have been $15,049 all for ad- vance engineering and design. FLOOD CONTROL--PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1475 Cost andfinancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated- ..---- $15,355 -$306 $15,049 Cost - - -- 9, 771 5, 278 15,049 37. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS 37. INACTIVE FL~OOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost and expenditures to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report, amount see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance -- i 1-11 COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN 1. Diking and improvement district 5, Cowlitz County, Wash. --- -- 1940 $161,380.07 .--------- (1) 2. Beaver drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg.--------- 1940 274, 578.03 ----------- (1) 3. Magruder drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg-....----- .---------- 1940 61,186.49 --......... () 4. Midland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg....... 1939 77,743.64 .--- - (1) 5. Marshland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg....--------------------- 1940 39,474.74 ---------- (1) 6. Webb-District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg-------------------.......-- 1940 84,591.68 ._------ (1) 7. Woodson drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg---------........ ------------------- 1940 22,796.86 ........ __ (1) 8. Westland District Improvement Co., Colum- bia County, Oreg..--------------------------. 1940 205, 531.21 -------------- (1) 9. Tenasillabe Island, Clatsop County, Oreg ... 1939 133,778.47 (1) ------------- 10. Blind slough diking district, Clatsop County, Oreg................................-------- 1939 163,396.66 -------------- (1) 11. Drainage district 1, Clatsop County, Oreg -_. 1939 240, 939.43 -------------- (1) 12. Diking district 2, Clatsop County, Oreg - 1940 43,149, 78 -------------- (1) 13. Diking district 5, Clatsop County, Oreg .. .. 1940 25,608.49 -------------- (1) 14. Warrenton diking district 1, Clatsop County, Oreg .............. .......-- . ..------- - 1940 69, 503.03 -------------- (1) 15. Warrenton diking district 2, Clatsop County, Oreg......---------- ------------------ 1940 117,142.92 -------------- (1) 16. Warrenton diking district 3, Clatsop County, Oreg......----------------------------. 1940 74, 596.11 -------------- (1) 17. Consolidated diking and improvement dis- trict 1, Cowlitz County, Wash ............. 1941 163, 290.97 -------------- (1) 18. Diking districts 1 and 3 (Puget Island) and Little Island, Wahkiakum County, Wash.. 1941 258, 795.11 -------------- 19. Diking improvement district 1, Pacific (1) County, Wash-------.-- ------------ 1941 26,810.33 20. Karlson Island, Clatsop County, Oreg ._- -- 1941 -------------- 25,773.40 -------------- (1) (1) 21. Deep River area, Wahkiakum County, Wash_ 1942 69,723.84 -------------- 22. Sandy drainage district, Multnomah County, (1) Oreg...__.---------- .------------------- 1942 138, 955.89 -------------- 23. Peninsula drainage district 1, Multnomah (1) County, Oreg.......................... 1942 211,250.51 -------------- 24. Peninsula drainage district 2, Multnomah (1) County, Oreg- ............................ 1942 241,148.60 -------------- (L) 25. Seappoose drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg ................. --... 1942 424,309.56 -------------- (') 26. Rainier drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg...............................---------------------------- 1942 47,661.88 -------------- (1) 27. Knappa area, Clatsop County, Oreg-....___.. 1942 18, 788.70 -------------- (1) 28. John Day River area, Clatsop County, Oreg_ 1942 33,080.38 -------------- (1) 29. Walluski River, Clatsop County, Oreg...... 1942 66,932.39 -------------- (1) 30. Youngs River Dikes, Clatsop County, Oreg_ 1942 248,802.48 -------------- (1) 31. Lewis and Clark River area, Clatsop County Oreg........--........................... 1942 158, 418.51 -------------- (1) 32. Deer Island area, Columbia County, Oreg_ . 1943 574,122.85 -------------- (1) 33. Westport district, Columbia and Clatsop Counties, Oreg.... ---------................. 1943 40,657.64 (1) 34. Skamokawa Creek area, Wahkiakum County, W ash-.............. .......... -- .-- -- -- -- 1946 178,884.82._ - (1) 35. Upper Grays River area, Wash .............. 1947 61,263.40 30,000 (1) 36. Multnomah diking district 1, Oreg....... 1951 610,652.28 (1) See footnotes at end of table. 1476 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and expenditures to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated full report, amount Name of project 1 see annual I report for- Construction -I Operations and required to complete maintenance 37. Sauvie Island areas A and B, Multnomah C ounty, Oreg _._......................... 1951 1,623,505.42 (1) 38. Diking and improvement district 4, Wahkia- kum County, Wash-------- 1951 169,542.29-------------- (1) 39. Prescott area, Columbia County, Oreg_ ..... 1941 124.88 2 37, 875 40. Diking district 3, Clatsop County, Oreg....... 1938 258.28 2 4, 740 41. Local protection projects......--------------- 1950 (4) Total Columbia River Basin -------------- 7,188,152.02 30,000 42,615 LEWIS RIVER BASIN 42. Diking and improvement district 11, Cow- litz County, Wash........------------------ 1943 $172,521.40 (1) COWLITZ RIVER BASIN 43. Cowlitz County drainage improvement dis- trict 1, Wash .... 1939 42,078.11 -- -- -__ ----- (1) 44. Diking improvement district 2, Cowlitz County, Wash__ 1940 120,728.84- (1) 45. Diking improvement district 13, Cowlitz County, Wash _ - 1939 26,262.78 (1) Total Cowlitz River Basin-------------- 189,069.73 (I) 46. Castle Rock, Cowlitz River, Wash .-.------- 1949 3,499.90 ------------ $143, 500 47. Mill Four drainage district, Yaquina River, Oreg- Alkali............................ 1949 118,432.84 (1) 48. Arlington, Alkali Canyon, Oreg -.. .-. - 1950 20,111.51 3 492, 689 49. Pudding River, Oreg_----- .... __ __ ... 1950 3,933.62 6,640,000 50. Johnson Creek at Portland and vicinity, Oreg_ 1953 519,000 51. Coquille River, Oreg-.... 1948 908.15 2 353, 092 52. Umpqua River and tributaries, Oreg ......... 1952 428,880.60 (1) 53. Vicinity of Nehalem, Nehalem River, Oreg___ 1952 45,677.12 (1) WILLAMETTE RIVER BASIN Blue River Dam----------------------.. .. . --- 13,674,000 Cascadia Dam .................---------------. 25, 200, 000 H olley Dam ----..... ....... ...... ....... ..... 12,500,000 G ate Creek D am ---......... .......... ......... 13, 800, 000 W aldo Lake Tunnel----------------------------_ 922,000 W iley Creek Dam----... ...... ..... ...... .... 8,070,000 Flood wall and levees at Portland, Oreg --..... 18,900,000 Willamette River Basin Channel clearing and snagging----.......................... 2,190,000 Willamette Falls fish ladder---- ----------------- 214,000 Channel improvement for flood control and ma- jor drainage on 16 tributaries to Willamette River---------------------------------- 14,800,000 1 Completed. 3 Awaiting local cooperation. 3 Construction of John Day Dam will inundate the site of authorized work. ' The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session, and authorized the sum of $75 million to be appropriated for the partial accomplishment of certain projects. Of this authorization, an amount not to exceed $15 million was authorized for the construction of local flood protection works throughout the Columbia River Basin, subject to the conditions that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justified prior to construction, and local cooperation specified in the 1936 Flood Control Act, as amended, shall be required. 38. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. Navigation studies: The total cost of work during the fiscal year was $8,535.18. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $3,843,015. The funds unexpended June 30, 1954, amounting to $5,045,06 FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1477 plus an allotment of $10,400, a total of $15,445.06, will be expended during fiscal year 1955 for completion of the following reports: Chetco Cove, Oregon; Siuslaw River and Bar, Oregon; Winchester Bay, Oregon; and Yaquina Bay and Harbor, Oregon. Flood control studies. The total cost of work during the fiscal year was $15,516.62. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $2,577,297. An allotment of $10,000 will be expended during fiscal year 1955 to continue preparation of the report on Silvies River and Tributaries, Oregon. Expenditure of this amount will bring the report to approximately 80 percent completion. Collection and study of basic data. The principal items of work included under miscellaneous studies are as follows: a. Hydrologic studies, consisting of preparing hydrologic data, in answer to various inquiries, for areas not associated with proj- ects for which funds are available. b. Derivation of flood forecasting procedures, which consists of compiling and analyzing stream-flow, temperature and precipita- tion data in order to forecast and disseminate information on flood volume and peak discharges for Columbia River and major trib- utaries. c. Investigation of the general behavior of snow, which consists of work in coordination with North Pacific Division to establish basic data to be used in flood and run-off volume forecasting. d. Compiling and distributing weather and river stage data, which consists of daily compilation and distribution to those con- cerned within the office of data obtained from the U. S. Weather Bureau and Corps of Engineer field offices as a basis for normal functioning of the organization. Total costs for the fiscal year were $2,779.92. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $378,622. 39. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Funds in the amount of $19,450.00 have been allotted to June 30, 1954, to cover costs of inspections of completed local flood control protection projects. The purposes of the inspection are to deter- mine the condition of the completed works and to ascertain whether those works are being properly maintained by local interests. A total of 32 diking districts (9 in Washington and 23 in Oregon) along Columbia River were inspected. In most cases a representative of the diking districts accompanied the Portland District Inspector in making the inspections of their districts. Deficiencies in maintenance and the need for repairs were pointed out to the diking districts' representatives on the ground and a report was made for each district inspected on the conditions found with recommendations for correction of deficiencies. Copies of these reports were furnished the diking districts concerned. Costs for the fiscal year were $4,568.41. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $12,410. 1478 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost andfinancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated........ ..... $5,750 ------------ $13,700 .......- $19,450 Cost................. _..........--.- $4,618 3,224 $4,568 12,410 40. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Emergency bank protection (Section 14 of the 1946 Flood Con- trol Act). In addition to funds in the amount of $413,302 previously allotted, funds in the amount of $50,000 were allotted during the fiscal year for emergency work at Pierce Riffle Location, Rogue River, Oreg., to protect the main gravity canal of Grants Pass Irrigation District from destruction by erosion of the river bank during flood stages of Rogue River. For accomplishment of the work the Grants Pass Irrigation District must make a cash con- tribution of $75,000. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of the preparation of contract plans and specifications for emergency bank protection on Clackamas River near Gladstone, Oreg., and for the work at Pierce Riffle on Rogue River. A contract was awarded for the work on Clackamas River, but operations were not initiated. Costs from Federal funds during the fiscal year were $5,497. Total costs from Federal funds have been $407,799. In addition, costs from contributed funds have been $65,190. Cost andfinancial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated----. -$3 516 $50, 000 $46, 000 -$677 $50, 000 $463, 302 Cost.... . 4,792 50,000 2,475 31,848 5,497 407, 799 1 In addition $65,190 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__----------- - 46,479 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------ ---------------------------- 46,479 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) To June 30, 1954, a total of $167,914 has been allotted from Federal funds for the preparation of project reports and for con- FLOOD CONTROL-PORTLAND, OREG., DISTRICT 1479 struction. In addition, the amount of $4,120 has been contributed by local interests. During the fiscal year the preparation of project reports was in progress to determine if construction of protective works would be economically feasible at Catching Inlet Drainage District, Coos River, Oregon, and in the vicinity of Cushman on Siuslaw and North Fork Siuslaw Rivers, Oreg. Contract plans and specifi- cations were prepared for proposed construction on Molalla River at Milk Creek, Oreg., but advertisement for bids was in abeyance pending receipt of grant of right-of-way, provision of which was assured by local interests. Costs for the fiscal year from Federal funds were $10,173. Total costs to June 30, 1954 from Federal funds have been $96,338. In addition, costs from contributed funds have been $2,520. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June ...... .. 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated ------------------- $88, 340 $ 2,300 $8, 274 $69, 000 $167, 914 Cost..-------------------------- 7, 337 78,777 51 10,173 96, 338 1In addition $2,520 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ $64, 519 Flood control emergencies--repair, flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Funds in the amount of $7,060,845.86 have been allotted the Portland District to June 30, 1954, for work under this and prior authorities. Total costs during the fiscal year were $30,679.51 for emergency repair work at Columbia Drainage District No. 1, Oregon and for engineering and revision of flood manuals. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $7,026,371. In addition, $145,000 has been expended from contributed funds. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $ 80,659 $131, 729 $28, 760 $12,342 $42, 651 $7, 060, 846 Cost ---------------- 605, 688 177, 024 22,353 88,576 30, 680 7, 026,371 1In addition $145,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT This district comprises all of Washington except the southern and southeastern portions, northern Idaho, and northwestern Montana embraced in the drainage basins tributary to the Pacific Ocean south of the international boundary to Cape Disappoint- ment, and to the Columbia River above the Yakima River, in- clusive. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Puget Sound and its tributary 16. Willapa River and Harbor, waters, Wash..........._ .......... 1481 Wash----------------...................................... 1511 2. Bellingham Harbor, Wash ------ _ 1482 17. Inactive navigation projects .... 1514 3. Anacortes Harbor, Wash......... 1485 4. Swinomish Slough, Wash..-. 1486 Flood Control 5. Neah Bay, Wash-..................... 1487 18. Libby Dam, Kootenai River, 6. Lake Crockett, Wash.............. 1488 Mont ..................................... 1514 7. Waterway connecting Port 19. Albeni Falls Reservoir, Pend Townsend Bay and Oak Bay, Oreille River, Idaho............. 1516 Wash....................................... 1489 20. Stillaguamish River, Wash....... 1518 8. Everett Harbor, Wash....-.... 1490 21. Eagle Gorge Reservoir, Green 9. Chief Joseph Dam, Columbia River, W ash ....................... 1519 River, Wash............................ 1492 22. Tacoma, Puyallup River, Wash.. 1520 10. Quillayute River, Wash............ 1495 23. Mud Mountain Reservoir, 11. Lake Washington Ship Canal, White River, Wash .......... - 1521 Wash........................................ 1497 24. Inactive flood control projects.. 1523 12. Seattle Harbor, Wash................ 1499 25. General investigations............... 1523 13. Tacoma Harbor, Wash ........... 1501 26. Inspection of completed works, 14. Olympia Harbor, Wash .......... 1504 local protection projects....... 1524 15. Grays Harbor and Chehalis 27. Flood control work under special River, Wash ....................... 1506 authorization..-.. ......_....... 1524 1. PUGET SOUND AND ITS TRIBUTARY WATERS, WASHINGTON Location. Puget Sound is located in the western part of the State of Washington. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 6300, 6450, and 6460.) Previous projects. Project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, contemplated clearing and maintaining the navigable portions of the Skagit, Stillaguamish, Nooksack, Sno- homish, and Snoqualmie Rivers, Wash., free from snags, debris, and drift, by means of a shallow-draft stern wheel snag boat con- structed for this purpose. For further details, see page 2003 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1869 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for maintenance of Puget Sound and its tributary waters by snagging and dredging. The actual cost for new work was $43,336.92. The latest (1953) ap- proved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $165,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892 (Annual Report for 1893, p. 3425). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1913, page 3127. Local cooperation. None required. 1481 1482 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Terminal facilities. The terminal facilities at the numerous localities on Puget Sound and its tributary waters are, in general, considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Floating obstruc- tions to navigation were removed from ship lanes in the Seattle area by two small United States tugs during the fiscal year, at a cost of $1,663.87. The United States snagboat W. T. Preston was operated a total of 101/2 months at a cost of $98,217.48, accom- plishing the following work: Obstructions Dredging removed Waterway (cubic Miscellaneous yards) Snags Piles Agate Pass..----------------------------- 2---- Duwamish Waterway ....... 7 220 1 Disposed of 376 cords of floating debris, and 1 rowboat. Everett Harbor and Snohomish ....------... 467 72 Removed 189 cubic yards of dike rock from River. channel. Lake Washington- --. ....-- -..... 1, 171 14 Disposed of miscellaneous floating debris, in- cluding 8 rafts, 12 bundles of lumber, 1 houseboat, and 1 rowboat. Lake Washington Ship Canal_ ... __.... 842 . Burned debris at lock site, including 8 rafts, 6 floats, 1 launch, 3 rowboats, 73 cords of wood, and 1 dolphin. Olympia Harbor.....-----------------------...... 11 ....... Shelton Harbor ... o or... SetnHro---------------_--------..... 8 5 42, ---- Skagit River and North Fork.. 27, 718 511 141 Tacoma Harbor . ........ 5-- 3------ 246 .-- Removed 1 scow. Total.__--.- --.. . 27, 725 3, 274 228 Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,750.75. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports was $1,241.49. Total costs were $102,873.59, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The work has consisted chiefly of snagging and dredging in the principal tributaries of Puget Sound. No permanent results are obtainable, but the maintenance of existing channels requires practically continuous operation of the snag boat. The controlling depths range from 1 to 40 feet at mean lower low water. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $43,336.92 for new work and $1,959,050.13 for maintenance, a total of $2,002,387.05. Cost and financial summary I Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: ------ Appropriated.......- $43,337 Cost-- --------------- - 81,--47 / ----- -..8,0----- -----------. ---- 5,11--- - 102- - ..-.. -..8-- 7- 43,337 Maintenance: Appropriated- ....----- $175,000 $137,247 $50,648 $78, 029 $109,582 2,033, 254 Cost-- -------------- 147, 737 181,147 55,119 029 78, 102874 2,026, 546 SIncludes $67,496 for maintenance for previous projects. 2. BELLINGHAM HARBOR, WASH. Location. This harbor is a part of Bellingham Bay, an arm of RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1483 Puget Sound, about 18 miles south of the international boundary and about 100 miles north of Seattle. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6378.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902, contemplated dredging Whatcom Creek waterway to a depth of 12 feet and 200 feet wide from deep water to the railroad bridge, a distance of 1200 feet, and to its full width (363.2 feet) above the bridge, an additional distance of 1,950 feet. For further details see page 2006 of Annual Report for 1915 and page 1888 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for (1) dredging a channel known as Whatcom Creek waterway from deep water to the head of the harbor, 363.2 feet wide, 26 feet deep at mean lower low water for the outer 3,800 feet, and 18 feet deep for the inner 1,300 feet; (2) for Squalicum Creek waterway, including dredging an entrance channel 200 feet wide and 26 feet deep from deep water in the bay to the main pierhead line, maintenance of the southerly half and westerly end of the Squalicum Creek basin to a depth of 26 feet at mean lower low water, and maintenance of the breakwater constructed by the port of Bellingham in 1934, to a crest height of 14 feet, provided that no dredging be done within 75 feet of wharves, piers, or similar structures. The extreme tidal range is about 16 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.6 feet. The actual cost for new work was $112,013, exclusive of amount expended on previous project. The latest (1953) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000 for Whatcom Creek waterway, and $2,500 for Squalicum Creek waterway. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Act Work authorized Documents and reports June 25, 1910 For the Whatcom Creek Waterway-------------..............-. H. Doc. 1161, 60th Cong., 2d sess.' July 3,1930 Entrance channel in Squalicum Creek Waterway.--- H. Doc. 187, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 26, 1937 Maintenance of the southerly half and westerly end Rivers and Harbors Committee of Squalicum Creek Basin and maintenance of the Doc. 70, 74th Cong., 1st sess.' breakwater constructed by the port commission in 1934. 1Contains latest published map of Whatcom Creek Waterway. 2 Contains latest published map of Squalicum Creek Waterway. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of March 20, 1951, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for a small-boat basin by removal of existing breakwater southeasterly of Squalicum Creek waterway and construction of a new breakwater seaward of the existing one and in two sections totaling 3,920 feet in length, at an esti- mated cost to the United States of $1,224,300 with $13,500 an- nually for maintenance in addition to that now required; subject to certain conditions of local cooperation (H. Doc. 558, 82d Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. In addition, the port of Bellingham, since November 1945, has improved the small-boat 1484 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 basin behind the Squalicum Creek breakwater constructed in 1934, by constructing breakwaters, bulkheads, and floats, and by dredging at a cost of $507,586. Further improvements, con- sisting of relocation and extension of the breakwater, are planned. Terminal facilities. There are 23 wharves and piers in Belling- ham Harbor; 8 are located on Whatcom Creek waterway, 4 on Squalicum Creek waterway, and 11 on Bellingham Bay. Three wharves on Whatcom Creek waterway serve general cargo termi- nals. One of these, which is publicly owned and operated, is suit- able for use by oceangoing vessels; the other two are privately owned and operated and serve vessels in the Puget Sound trade. The four wharves on Squalicum Creek waterway are publicly owned; one oil-handling wharf is publicly operated; the other three are privately operated. The latter 3 wharves and the other 15 are used for various industrial purposes. These terminal facili- ties are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing of Whatcom Creek Waterway by contract, commenced June 29, 1953, was completed in July 1953 with 82,857 cubic yards of material being removed at a cost of $45,968.09. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $1,929.45. Miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $623.94. Total costs were $48,- 521.48, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1931. The dredging of Whatcom Creek Waterway was completed in 1913. The dredging of the entrance channel in Squalicum Creek Waterway was completed in 1931 and local in- terests have since dredged the southerly half and westerly end of Squalicum Creek basin, and in 1934 constructed a detached rubble breakwater 1,500 feet long south of the basin. This structure was raised and extended in 1945 (see "Local cooperation"). In February 1954 the inner 1,200 feet of Whatcom Creek Water- way had a controlling depth of 17.4 feet over a width of 150 feet, except at the head of the waterway, and a depth of 25.2 feet over a width of 150 feet in the outer 4,400 feet of the waterway. In June 1952, the Squalicum Creek Waterway entrance channel was 23.1 feet deep over a width of 200 feet, and the basin was 20.3 feet deep except near the edges and at the head of the waterway. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $112,013.16 for new work and $143,073.41 for maintenance, a total of $255,086.57. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 1 New work: Appropriated ------ ------------------------ ------ $168,595 Cost ...- --- -------- 168,595 Maintenance: Appropriated.---.... $549 -$216 $1 500 $49,000 $ 1, 414 144,165 Cost 849 131 1,308 2,085 48,521 144,165 1Includes $56,581.93 for new work and $1,092 for maintenance for previous projects. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1485 3. ANACORTES HARBOR, WASH. Location. Anacortes Harbor is on the northern point of Fidalgo Island in Puget Sound, 17 miles south of Bellingham, Wash., and 64 miles north of Seattle. The main harbor is on Guemes Channel. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6377.) Existing project. This provides for a channel in Cap Sante Waterway, 12 feet deep at mean lower low water and 150 to 250 feet wide, between the east side of Q Avenue and deep water in Fidalgo Bay, a distance of 2,850 feet. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.2 feet. The extreme range is about 15.5 feet. The actual cost for new work was $46,377, exclusive of $23,188 contributed funds. The latest (1953) approved estimate for an- nual maintenance is $3,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1919 (H. Doc. 1117, 64th Cong., 1st sess.). This document contains the latest published map of the locality. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of June 26, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the ex- isting project to provide for a mooring basin 570 feet wide, and 960 feet long, adjacent to the north side of Cap Sante Waterway, protected by a breakwater, at an estimated cost to the United States of $150,000 with $3,500 annually for maintenance in addi- tion to that now required, subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. (S. Doc. 102, 83d Cong.,. 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 21 terminals in the port of Ana- cortes, 16 on Guemes Channel, 1 on Cap Sante Waterway, and 4 on Fidalgo Bay. Three terminals on Guemes Channel are open for public use; of these, 1 is publicly owned and operated and used for handling general cargo in foreign and domestic trade; and 2, 1 publicly and 1 privately owned and operated, are used by ferries plying to the San Juan Islands. The terminal on Cap Sante Water- way is publicly owned and operated and is used for the receipt of petroleum products, and by small craft in the fishing trade. All of the other terminals are used for general industrial purposes. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey was made at a cost of $606.06; inspections and reports were made as required at a cost of $174.67. Total costs were $780.73, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1930, except that portion of Cap Sante Waterway west of R Avenue, which was omitted at the request of local interests. A survey made in February 1954 shows a controlling depth of 7.2 feet in the completed portion of the waterway. The costs from Federal funds have been $46,376.90 for new work and $7,969.15 for maintenance, a total of $54,346.05. In addition, $23,188.45 has been expended from contributed funds for new work. 1486 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY. 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _30, 1954, Includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated -- $------------46,377 Cost------------------------------- - 46,377 Maintenance: Appropriated--------------... ------------------------------------ 781 7,969 Cost ...-------------------------------------------------- ----.. 781 7,969 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-__ -- 2 1In addition $23,188 for new work was expended from contributed funds. 2 Project completed to extent contemplated; portion of Cap Sante Waterway west of R Avenue has been omitted at request of local interests. 4. SWINOMISH SLOUGH, WASH. Location. This is an inland passage, 11 miles long, between Saratoga Passage and Padilla Bay, in the northwestern part of the State of Washington, about 60 miles north of Seattle. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 6300, 6376, and 6380.) Existing project. This provides for a channel 100 feet wide and 12 feet deep at mean lower low water from deep water in Saratoga Passage to deep water in Padilla Bay, a distance of 11 miles, by dredging and dike construction where necessary. The extreme tidal range is about 19 feet at the south end of the slough and about 16 feet at the north end. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.5 feet at the south end of the slough, 8.5 feet at the north end, and 6.5 feet at La Conner. The actual cost for new work was $409,030. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $100,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Act Work authorized Documents and reports July 13,1892 Channel 4 feet deep and 100 feet wide, and dike con- H. Doc. 31, 52d Cong., 1st sess., struction. and annual report, 1892, p. 2752. Aug. 30, 1935 Enlargement of the channel to present project di- Senate committee print, 73d Cong., mensions. 1st sess. 1 For latest published map, see H. Doc. 860, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Local cooperation. Under the provisions of the River and Har- bor Act of August 30, 1935, adopting the project for the 12-foot channel, local interests were required to furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material during initial construction and for future maintenance as and when needed. Compliance with these conditions has not yet been re- quired, as suitable areas for disposal of dredged material have been found without invoking the requirements of local cooperation. Terminal facilities. There are nine wharves on Swinomish slough, all of which are privately owned and operated for industrial purposes and not open for general public use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1487 ing commenced June 15, 1953, was completed July 15, 1953, and 114,601 cubic yards of material were removed from the channel during the fiscal year at a cost of $53,105.71. Another mainte- nance dredging contract was awarded June 29, 1954, with pre- liminary costs of $720.11. Condition surveys and miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at costs of $5,737.63 and $559.03, respectively. Total costs during the fiscal year were $60,122.48, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. The dikes are in good condition except for one timber dike. In April 1954 the controlling depth in the channel was 6.2 feet at mean lower low water. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $409,029.51 for new work and $897,079.55 for main- tenance, a total of $1,306,109.06. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ... ------ ------- 409,030 Cost ----------- ----------- - -------- --------- 409,030 Maintenance: 4 Appropriated . $101,450 $2,463 $3,120 $105,300 $107, 600 1,000,812 Cost---------------- 102,387 2, 535 3,120 49, 045 60,122 897, 080 5. NEAH BAY, WASH. Location. On the south side of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, 5 miles east of Cape Flattery, at the entrance to the strait from the Pacific Ocean, and about 60 miles west of Port Angeles, Wash. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 6102, 6265, and 6266.) Existing project. This provides for a rubblestone breakwater approximately 8,000 feet long between Waadah Island and the westerly shore of the bay. The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.2 feet. The extreme range is 15.5 feet. The actual cost for new work was $1,934,483. The latest (1953) approved estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $35,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 20, 1938 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 51, 75th Cong., 2d sess.). This document contains the latest published map. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of June 26, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the ex- isting project to provide for reinforcement of the existing rock revetment extending 1,800 feet west from Baada Point and an im- mediate 200-foot extension of the revetment westward, then suc- cessive 200-foot extensions at intervals of 2 years, or as needed, for a total of 1,200 feet, at an estimated cost of $118,650, consisting of $40,000 for initial work and $15,730 for each of five successive extensions with $2,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required; subject to certain requirements of local co- operation. (H. Doc. 404, 83d Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. Fully complied with. 1488 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Terminal facilities. There are 6 wharves at Neah Bay, includ- ing 2 owned by the United States which are used by the Coast Guard, and 4 privately owned wharves, 3 of which are open to general public use to accommodate small commercial fishing ves- sels. In addition to the wharves, there is a facility for dumping and rafting logs. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Miscellaneous in- spections and reports were made at a cost of $305.53, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in February 1944. In April 1954, the breakwater showed consider- able loss of rock from the inner half of the crest. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $1,934,482.70 for new work and $174,- 883.15 for maintenance, a total of $2,109,365.85. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated $1, 934,483 Cost - ....- -$ 1,934, 483 Maintenance: Appropriated -$1, 440 . . I $306 174, 883 Cost -------------- --- $2,050 1,077 306 174,883 6. LAKE CROCKETT, WASH. Location. The harbor 'islocated on the west side of Whidbey Island, about 35 nautical miles north of Seattle, Wash. The lake lies parallel to Admiralty Bay and is separated from it by a narrow strip of gravel beach. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6450.) Existing project. This provides for a basin in Lake Crockett with an area of about 6 acres and a depth of 18 feet at mean lower low water, connected with Admiralty Bay by a channel of the same depth and 150 feet wide protected by a breakwater. The diurnal tidal range in Admiralty Bay is 8.8 feet and the extreme range is about 16.5 feet. The actual cost for new work was $260,240. The latest (1953) estimate of cost for annual maintenance is $20,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 303, 77th Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There is one publicly owned and privately operated passenger and automobile ferry landing within the dredged basin which is open for public use. The United States Army has a wharf just outside of the basin. The public terminal is adequate for existing commercial traffic. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey was made at a cost of $626.83. The shore end of the breakwater RIVERS AND HARBORS--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1489 was repaired in February 1954 by placing 700 tons of rock under contract at a cost of $4,689.73. Miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $178.33. Total costs were $5,494.89, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project was completed in January 1948. A survey made in September 1953 showed con- siderable shoaling in the entrance channel. The breakwater was in good condition following completion of repairs in February 1954. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $260,239.67 for new work and $26,829.29 for maintenance, a total of $287,068.96. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated. .....------------ ------------------------------------------------ $260,240 Cost-------------------- ------------------------------------------------ 260,240 Maintenance: Appropriated $ 1,200 ------------------------ $1, 000 $4, 596 26,829 Cost-_ 20,478 ------------------------ 101 5,495 26,829 7. WATERWAY CONNECTING PORT TOWNSEND BAY AND OAK BAY, WASH. Location. The canal connects two bays which are arms of Ad- miralty Inlet onthe west side of Puget Sound, in the northwestern part of the State of Washington, about 40 miles north of Seattle. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6405.) Existing project. This provides for a canal 15 feet deep at mean lower low water, 75 feet wide on the bottom and about 4,800 feet long, and for the construction of jetties to protect the chan- nel at the southern or Oak Bay end, and a bulkhead for the re- tention of dredged material. The extreme tidal range is 16 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.3 feet in Port Townsend Bay and 9.4 feet in Oak Bay. The actual cost for new work was $73,322. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $5,000. The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 4, 1913 (H. Doc. 625, 62d Cong., 2d sess.). The latest published map is in the Annual Report for 1915, page 3441. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are no terminal facilities directly served by the canal. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey was made at a cost of $802.57, and the cost of inspections and re- ports was $189.87, a total of $992.44, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1915. A controlling depth of 14.1 feet obtained in the project channel in January 1954 and the bulkhead and jetties were in good condition. The costs under the existing project have been $73,322.35 for new work and $66,768.34 for maintenance, a total of $140,090.69. 1490 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-------........ ---------------------........................ ----------- ----------- ----------- $73, 322 Cost----....---------------- ......------------.......------------------------------------... 73, 322 Maintenance: Appropriated ------------------ .---------- - -----------. $992 66,768 Cost------------- ----------------------- ----------- --------- 992 66,768 8. EVERETT HARBOR, WASH. Location. On Port Gardner Bay, at the northern end of Pos- session Sound, an arm of Puget Sound, 30 miles north of Seattle and 45 miles south of Bellingham. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6448.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, provided for a basin in front of the Everett Peninsula, for a channel from the end of the basin around the peninsula to the head of Old River, and for a dike from the lower end of Smith Island to the south end of the basin. By authority of joint resolution of Congress approved April 23, 1902, the work in Old River was discontinued. The project was further modified by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905, to pro- vide for survey of Everett Harbor with a view to the extension of the dike and of the dredged area. For further details, see page 704 of Annual Report of 1905, page 2005 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1883 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a training dike in the up- per harbor extending from Smith Island to a point opposite 23d Street, with a gap of suitable width at the outlet of Snohomish River channel and spur dikes to regulate the flow through the gap; for a channel shoreward of the training dike, between the outlet of the main river channel and deep water in the lower har- bor, 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep at mean lower low water; for a settling basin with a capacity of about 200,000 cubic yards, 1,200 feet long, 700 feet wide, and 12 feet deep at mean lower low water, in the upper harbor in the vicinity of the 14th Street dock; and for a channel throughout that portion of the lower harbor known as East Waterway, 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and generally 900 feet wide. The length of channel improvement under this project is 2.5 miles. The extreme tidal range is about 19 feet. The range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.1 feet. The actual cost for new work was $325,968, exclusive of amounts expended under previous projects. The latest (1953) approved estimate of annual cost of maintenance of the entire project is $35,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1491 Act Work authorized Documents and reports June 25,1910 Training dike 10,500 feet long extending across the H. Doc. 1108, 60th Cong., 2d sess. bar at the outlet of Old River Channel. July 3,1930 Raising 6,000 feet of the training dike, extending spur H. Doc. 377, 71st Cong., 2d sess. dike, widening gap in dike as required, maintain- ing East Waterway and the channel to the gap. June 20, 1938 Abandoned the project for Snohomish River, and H. Doc. 546, 75th Cong., 3d sess. provided for the settling basin. (Contains latest published map.) Recommended modifications of project. Under date of March 8, 1950, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for realining and enlarging to a depth of 15 feet and widths of 150 to 425 feet that portion of the exist- ing channel extending from deep water in Port Gardner Bay to the settling basin opposite 14th Street, deepening the existing settling basin to 20 feet, constructing a spur dike extending west- ward from Preston Point a distance of 1,410 feet, and removing the section of the existing training dike north of the gap; all at an estimated cost to the United States of $325,970, with $10,000 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required; sub- ject to certain conditions of local cooperation (H. Doc. 569, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. There are 24 wharves and piers on Everett Harbor and Snohomish River-12 are located on Port Gardner Bay, 5 on the channel to the gap, and 7 on Snohomish River. Seven wharves are suitable for use by oceangoing vessels; all of these are located on Port Gardner 'Bay and East Waterway chan- nel and one serves a publicly owned and operated general cargo terminal that is open for public use. The remaining wharves are used by barges and light-draft vessels and serve various indus- trial purposes. These facilities are considered adequate for exist- ing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey was made at a cost of $2,655.27. Miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $1,214.70. Total costs were $3,869.97, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1940. Dike work was commenced in September 1911 and terminated in September 1912, and 6,000 feet of dike were raised to an elevation of 14 feet above mean lower low water in 1931. The channel between the river outlet and the lower habor was dredged to 8 feet in 1931 and the settling basin was com- pleted in 1940. Dredging of East Waterway has been completed by local interests. Controlling depths in January 1954 were 8.1 feet in in the channel from the lower harbor to the settling basin, 8.4 feet in the settling basin, 8.0 feet from the settling basin upstream for 4,200 feet, and thence 3.9 feet to the gap in the dike. Controlling depth in East Waterway in January 1954 was 26.9 feet. The dike was in good condition except for the southerly end. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been 1492 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 $325,968.16 for new work and $352,243.31 for maintenance, a total of $678,211.47. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30,1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 New work: Appropriated-------------------------------------- $744,177 Cost----... ------------ ------------ 744,177 Maintenance: Appropriated .. -- $1,001 $2, 500 $76, 472 $3, 800 358,150 Cost----------------- $1,355 1,828 2,177 76,686 3,870 358,112 1Includes $418,209 for new work and $5,868 for maintenance for previous projects. 9. CHIEF JOSEPH DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, WASH. Location. The Columbia River rises in Columbia Lake, British Columbia, at elevation 2,650, flows northwesterly for nearly 200 miles, then southerly through Upper and Lower Arrow Lakes to enter the United States near the northeast corner of the State of Washington. From the international boundary the river flows south 112 miles to a point below the mouth of the Spokane River, then west 100 miles to the mouth of the Okanogan River, passing Grand Coulee Dam and the Chief Joseph Dam site en route. Swinging south, the river follows the eastern foothills of the Cascade Mountains for 209 miles to its confluence with Snake River. A few miles below the Snake, it turns sharply westward and flows for 324 miles, forming the Washington-Oregon bound- ary, to the Pacific Ocean. The works covered by this project are on the Columbia River just upstream from the mouth of Foster Creek, 11/2 miles upstream from the town of Bridgeport, Wash., and 51 miles downstream from Grand Coulee Dam. (U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet "Okanogan, Wash.," shows the general locality.) Existing project. The project provides for a straight concrete gravity overflow dam on the Columbia River, 220 feet high, for a powerhouse, and an intake of sufficient capacity to utilize future upstream storage. The powerhouse will have 16 units installed initially and a substructure for 4 additional units. The ultimate installed capacity will be dependent upon the rate and amount of future development of upstream storage. Present plans provide for future expansion to a maximum development of 27 units. All units are to be 64,000 kilowatts capacity. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $169,000,000 (16 units). The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of operation and maintenance ranges from $940,000 for the first 4 units to $1,853,000 for 16 units. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act of July 24, 1946. (.See H. Doc. 693, 79th Cong., 2d sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Hired labor opera- tions were carried on as follows: Acquisition of reservoir lands was RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1493 in progress. Engineering and design were completed for the fol- lowing items: Main generators (two units), station service trans- former, 230-kilovolt equipment, machine shop equipment, wire and control cable (second group), and installation of powerhouse equip- ment. Preparation of construction drawings to supplement con- tract drawings for construction of the powerhouse and intake structure and installation of powerhouse equipment was continued. Engineering and design for powerhouse equipment items not yet advertised was also continued. Procurement contracts substantially completed during the fiscal year include sluice gates, 19 tainter gates, tainter gate operating machinery, two 165-ton bridge cranes, 50-ton intake gantry crane, 18-ton draft tube gantry crane, draft tube stop-logs, 4160-volt switchgear, station service substation, station service control switchboards, 480-volt motor control centers, wire and cable (first contract), intake gates and latch assemblies, and intake gate oper- ating machinery. Procurement contracts under way but not completed during the fiscal year include 100,000-horsepower turbines (16 units), 64,000- kilowatt generators (8 units), main unit governors (10 units), 103,300-kilovolt-ampere transformers (12 units), 3500-horsepower station service turbines and governors (2 units), 3,000-kilovolt- ampere station service generators (2 units), 3,000-kilovolt-ampere station service transformer, machine shop equipment, intake trash racks, wire and cable (second group), main control boards and appurtenant equipment (8 units), main unit substation (12 units), 15-kilovolt breakers and grounding equipment (12 units), 15-kilo- volt bus (12 units), batteries, 480-volt intake structure substation, station service grounding equipment, and main dam switchgear. Of these contracts, the following were awarded during the fiscal year: 3,000-kilovolt-ampere station service transformer, machine shop equipment, intake trash racks, draft tube stop-logs, station batteries, 480-volt motor control centers, station service grounding equipment, and main dam switchgear. Work was under way on the following construction contracts: Second-stage construction (main dam) contract was continued, including placing right-bank abutment fill, left-bank fill, placing concrete in main dam monoliths, and partial installation of tainter gates and hoisting machinery. Construction of powerhouse and intake structure was continued, including placing concrete in in- take monoliths, service deck piers and slabs, station service and assembly bays, generator bays, including embedded turbine parts, and penstock erection and encasement. Contract for installation of powerhouse equipment and completion of powerhouse and ap- purtenances was awarded, and work accomplished includes com- pletion of installation of intake and draft tube gantry cranes; par- tial installation of turbine rotating parts, station service switch- boards and switchgear, cable tray supports, conduit and piping; receiving and storing of generator parts and other items of elec- trical equipment for installation. Contracts were awarded for in- stallation of piezometers in the right abutment and for adjustment of the water supply system at Elmer City. Contract for reservoir clearing was awarded and work was completed. Costs for the fiscal year were $32,092,598.24, all for new work. 1494 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is about 48 percent complete. Engineering and design (including construction drawings) are about 85 percent complete. Construction contracts completed include construction of first cofferdam, right bank blanket and foundation excavation, commenced in July 1950 and completed in August 1951; excavation of intake canal and reloca- tion of State Highway 10B, completed in June 1951; access high- way, completed in October 1950; Okanogan River bridge on the access highway, completed in November 1950; Columbia River bridge, completed in August 1951; housing, administration, and maintenance facilities, completed in September 1950; and lawn seeding and landscaping of housing and administration areas, com- pleted in July 1951. Construction of the main dam and excavation for the power- house and intake structure, commenced in February 1951, is 95 percent complete. Construction of powerhouse and intake struc- ture, commenced in April 1952, is 77 percent complete. Installa- tion of powerhouse equipment, started in October 1953, is 13 per- cent complete. Reservoir clearing has been completed. Right- bank piezometer installation is 98 percent complete. Relocation of the Elmer City water system is 5 percent complete. Acquisition of project lands is 53 percent complete. Procurement contracts completed include sluice gates, 19 tainter gates, tainter gate operating machinery, two 165-ton bridge cranes, 50-ton intake gantry crane, 18-ton draft tube gantry crane, draft tube stop-logs, 4,160-volt switchgear, station service substation, station service control switchboards, 480-volt motor control cen- ters, wire and cable (first group), intake gates and latch assem- blies, intake gate operating machinery, truck cranes, and copper bus bar and shapes. Work is continuing on procurement contracts in force but not completed. The work remaining to be done to complete the project consists of completion of engineering and design of powerhouse equipment to be procured under supply contracts; completion of engineering and design for miscellaneous minor features; completion of con- struction drawings for powerhouse and intake structure and for installation of powerhouse equipment; awarding supply contracts for equipment and materials for the project; completion of con- struction features now in progress; completion of installation of powerhouse equipment and miscellaneous minor features; and completion of land acquisition. The total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $88,119,291.03, all for new work. RIVERS AND HARBORS--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1495 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated. -.. $5, 000, 000 $18, 529,000 $16,892, 000 $14, 903,000 1$29,750,000 $88,245, 760 Cost --------------- 3,187, 697 12, 550, 090 15,008,561 224,600,174 32, 092, 598 88, 119, 291 Other new work data: Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-____. $20,600,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---_______---- .------.- ____ ___ - .__ 20,600,000 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project.-_ . ---...----- __ ----- ____--- 60,154,240 1 Includes $6,400,000 of funds borrowed to meet fiscal year 1954 obligations. 2 Erroneously reported in fiscal year 1953 Annual Report as $24,591,317.53. 10. QUILLAYUTE RIVER, WASH. Location. This river is formed by the junction of the Soleduck and Bogachiel Rivers, and flows westerly 5 miles to the Pacific Ocean at La Push, Wash., about 30 miles south of Cape Flattery. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6102.) Existing project. This provides for a jetty on the easterly side of the mouth, and a dike, with groins, on the westerly side, with a view of stabilizing the entrance, and for maintenance dredging to afford a channel 6 feet deep and of suitable width from the ocean to within the river mouth. The length of the section included in the project is 1,500 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water at La Push is 8.3 feet. The extreme range is about 15 feet. The actual cost for new work was $68,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $13,000. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Documents and reports July 3, 1930 Jetty on easterly side of mouth, and a dike, with H. Doc. 125, 71st Cong., 1st sess. groins, on the westerly side, to stabilize entrance. Mar. 2,1945 Maintenance dredging to provide a channel 6 feet H. Doc. 218, 78th Cong., 1st sess. deep and of suitable width from ocean to within (Contains latest published map.) river mouth. 1496 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Recommended modifications of project. Under date of March 8, 1950, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide a channel 10 feet deep and 100 feet wide extending 2,000 feet upstream from deep water; a basin 10 feet deep, 300 to 425 feet wide, and 2,400 feet long at the upper end of the channel; and raising the easterly jetty to a height of 15 feet above mean lower low water, all at an estimated cost to the United States of $375,000 for construction and annual maintenance of $65,750 in addition to that now required; subject to certain con- ditions of local cooperation, including a cash contribution of $20,000 toward the cost of the improvement (H. Doc. 579, 81st Cong., 2d sess.). Local cooperation. Fully complied with, including agreement to repair any breach in the sand spit north of James Island. In 1953 the Port of Port Angeles expended $1,680 for protective work on the spit. A channel 6 feet deep, 50 feet wide, and about 2,500 feet long, extending upstream from the Coast Guard ways, was dredged in 1948 and 1949 with Coast Guard funds. Terminal facilities. There are four terminals at La Push; of these, three privately owned are open to public use to accommodate small commercial fishing vessels, and one owned by the United States is used as a Coast Guard station. These facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Dike repairs were completed in October 1953 by placing 4,092 cubic yards of rock under contract at a cost of $18,030.52. A condition survey was made in April 1954 at a cost of $1,683.92. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports was $695.24. Total costs were $20,409.68, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was sub- stantially completed in 1931, omitting the groins, which do not appear necessary or desirable. In April 1954 the dike, which had been repaired in October 1953, showed a maximum subsidence of 2 feet, and the jetty showed considerable deterioration. The con- trolling depth in the entrance channel was 5 feet over a width of 80 feet. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $68,000 for new work and $161,731.72 for maintenance, a total of $229,731.72. Cost and ,financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated ...------------ --- ------ - ------ ------------ $ 68,000 Cost - ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ 68,000 Maintenance: Appropriated ... _. $15,000 -$30, 554 $1,091 $52,000 -$29, 166 161, 732 Cost - .-------------- 35,373 1 1,091 2,424 20,410 161,732 Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project 1Project completed to extent contemplated. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1497 11. LAKE WASHINGTON SHIP CANAL, WASH. Location. This improvement lies entirely within the city of Seattle and extends from Puget Sound through Shilshole Bay, Sal- mon Bay, Lake Union, Portage Bay, and Union Bay to deep water in Lake Washington. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6447.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 18, 1894, provided for dredging Salmon Bay and the improvement of the waterway connecting the waters of Puget Sound, at Salmon Bay, with Lakes Union and Washington, by enlarging the said waterway into a ship canal, with necessary locks and appliances. The project as modified by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902, provided for dredging a low-water channel 10 feet in depth from Shilshole Bay through Salmon Bay to the wharves at Ballard; and for the appointment of a board of engineers to make investigations for constructing a canal, over alternate routes, with necessary locks and dams. For further details see page 2003, Annual Report for 1915, and page 1880, Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a double lock and fixed dam with movable crest and necessary accessory works at the Narrows at the entrance to Salmon Bay, approximately 11/4 miles from deep water in Puget Sound; for a channel 34 feet deep at mean lower low water and 300 feet wide from Puget Sound to the Great Northern Railway bridge, about 5,500 feet, with a passing basin 34 feet deep and log basin 8 feet deep at the turn below the railway bridge; thence 34 feet deep and 150 to 200 feet wide to the locks, about 900 feet; and a guide pier 600 feet long; for the revetment of the canal banks between the locks and Lake Union and between Lakes Union and Washington; and for a channel 30 feet deep with a width of 100 feet from the locks to Lake Union, 200 feet thence to Portage Cut, 100 feet through Portage Cut, and thence 200 feet wide through Union Bay to Lake Washington. The following table shows the principal features of the double lock and dam. (The structures are located at Seattle, Wash.) Large lock Small lock Miles above mouth------.......---------------------------------------------1.......... 1 1 Clear width of chamber ........... ....... .......---------------------... ....------------- feet.. 80 30 Maximum available length....-- --------------------------.... .......... do... 760 123 Lift.........-------------.. ............ ... ........----- -----------------------------......... do 26 26 Depth on upper miter sill 1...__---.....__ 36 16 Depth on intermediate miter sill 2 ........... ..... __---------..... do_.. 29 .. Depth on lower miter sill ..-------.............. ---................... do.. 29 16 Character of foundation...--------------.........................---------------------..............--------- (3) (3) Kind of dam----......................------------------............----------------------------- ....... (4) (4) Type of construction .....--..----.....----------------................-----------------.......---- (5) (5) Year completed-----------.....--------------------------------------------- 1916 1916 Cost......................................------------------------..----------------------------------....................... (6) (6) 1 Low water in upper pool. 2 Mean lower low water in Puget Sound. s Clay. 4 Fixed dam with movable crest. 6 Concrete. 6 The cost of double lock and dam was $2,224,712 and the emergency gates, completed in 1923, $174,698.31. 1498 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The length of section included in this project is about 8 miles. The extreme tidal range is 19.3 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.3 feet, and be- tween mean lower low water and extreme low water is 4.5 feet. The ordinary fluctuation in the upper pool is approximately 16 inches and the extreme fluctuation is 2 feet. The actual cost for new work was $3,539,295, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) ap- proved estimate of annual cost of maintenance is $385,000, of which $345,000 is for operating and care of locks and dam. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Documents and reports (For a double lock and fixed dam with movable crest I and necessary accessory works at the entrance to June 25, 1910 Salmon Bay; dredging a channel from the locks to H. Doc. 953, 60th Cong., 1st sess. Mar. 4, 1913 deep water in Puget Sound, and excavation by Lake Washington. Aug. 8,1917 Dredging below the locks and revetting canal banks_.. H. Doc. 800, 64th Cong., 1st sess. Sept. 22,1922 Increased dimensions of the channel between Puget H. Doc. 324, 67th Cong., 2d sess. Sound and the locks and a 600-foot extension of the lower guide pier. June 26, 1934 1 Operating and care of the locks and dam provided for with funds from War Department appropria- tions for rivers and harbors. s Aug. 30, 1935 2 Enlargement of the channel between the locks and H. Doc. 140, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Lake Washington. 1Permanent Appropriations Repeal Act. 3Included in the Public Works Administration program, Sept. 6, 1933. s Contains the latest published maps. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 112 wharves, piers, and land- ings on Lake Washington Ship Canal and adjacent inland waters, including Shilshole Bay, Salmon Bay, Lake Union, Portage Bay, and Lake Washington. Fifteen wharves are used for moorage and servicing of commercial fishing vessels; of these, four are publicly owned. Other publicly operated wharves include 6 used by agen- cies of the United States Government, and 3 by the city of Seattle. The other wharves include 15 used for the building, outfitting, or repair of vessels, 16 for handling petroleum products, 28 for various industrial purposes, 27 for mooring and servicing pleasure craft, and 2 are not in use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. The locks were op- erated and maintained throughout the year. Reconstruction of the greenhouse, repairs to the emergency dam wharf, filling of the northwest corner of the reservation, installation of a lawn sprinkler system, overhaul of two spillway gates, replacement of the locks scow, and other minor improvements were completed. Bids were opened for repair of the southwest section of the Montlake revet- ments, correction of the slide area at the west boundary of the lock site, overhaul of the pumping plant, and overhaul of miters and sills on the large lock service gates. The costs were $358,182.79, all for operation and care. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1499 Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1934. The water between the locks and Lake Washington is nontidal and is maintained between elevations 20 feet and 22 feet above mean lower low water in Puget Sound. The controlling depths in midchannel when last ascertained were as follows: From Puget Sound to the locks, 28.2 feet in October 1953; the locks to Lake Union, 29.7 feet in October 1953; Lake Union to Lake Wash- ington, 29.2 feet in November 1953. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $3,539,294.87 for new work, including $192,516.44 Public Works funds, $108,379.38 for maintenance, and $4,571,027.35 for opera- tion and care, a total of $8,218,701.60. In addition, the sum of $1,631,195.33 was expended between 1916 and 1936 on the operation and care of the works of improve- ment, under the provisions of the permanent indefinite appropria- tion for such purposes. In addition there was expended by the State of Washington $246,567.07, and by King County, $742,070.51 in the excavation of the channel above the locks and in construction of concrete revet- ment at the portage. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated---......----..------- ---------------------- --... ...... $4,024,297 --.-. Cost---.--_-- . ...-------------...........-..---- 4,024,297 Maintenance: Appropriated - $500,000 $268, 500 $328,817 $371, 500 $467, 800 6,461,820 Cost---------------- 442,335 341,324 392 089 335,208 358,183 6,310,602 1 Includes $485,002 for new work for previous projects. 12. SEATTLE HARBOR, WASH. Location. This harbor includes all waterways within the city limits of Seattle. The chief anchorage basin is Elliott Bay, an arm of Puget Sound, 30 miles north of Tacoma. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6449.) Existing project. This provides for maintenance of the east and west waterways to a depth of 34 feet at mean lower low water, with a width of 750 feet for distances of 6,500 and 5,200 feet, re- spectively, from the pierhead line in Elliott Bay; for the mainte- nance of east waterway between the upper end of the 750-foot section and Spokane Street, 34 feet deep, 700 feet long, and 400 feet wide, and of a turning basin, including the head of the east water- way at the junction of the waterways south of the Chicago, Mil- waukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad bridge, to a depth of 30 feet, after these sections of the waterway have been dredged by local interests to full project dimensions; and for dredging the Duwam- ish Waterway 200 feet wide and 30 feet deep at mean lower low water between the west waterway and 1st Avenue South, 150 by 20 feet between 1st and 8th Avenues South, thence 150 by 15 feet to a point about 1.4 miles above 14th Avenue South Bridge, with a 1500 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 turning basin 600 by 350 feet and 20 feet deep just south of the 1st Avenue South Bridge, and a turning basin 500 by 250 feet and 15 feet deep and settling basin with a capacity of about 100,000 cubic yards at the upper end of the waterway, a distance of 27,060 feet, or 5.12 miles. The total length of waterways included under the project is about 71/2 miles. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.3 feet. The extreme tidal range is 19.3 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $193,000 exclusive of $97,833 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1953) approved estimates for annual cost of maintenance are $4,750 for the east waterway, $6,000 for the west waterway, and $48,000 for the Duwamish Waterway. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Documents and reports Mar. 2, 1919 Maintenance of the east and west waterways 750 feet S. Doc. 313, 65th Cong., 3d sess. wide and 34 feet deep, and of the Duwamish Water- way 20 feet deep and 150 feet wide as far south as the 8th Ave. South Bridge. Mar. 3, 1925 (H. Doc. 108, 68th Cong., 1st sess.' July 31930Enlargement yof the Duwamish Waterway-----------........... and H. Doc. 126, 71st Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30,1935 Maintenance of the east waterway between the 750- H. Doc. 211, 72d Cong., 1st sess.' foot section and Spokane St. and of the turning ba- sin at the junction of the east and west waterways. 1Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, including agreement to pay half of the cost of dredging the settling basin at such time as in the judgment of the United States seems necessary. Terminal facilities. There are 122 wharves and piers on Seattle Harbor, exclusive of those given in the report for Lake Washington Ship Canal. Fifty are located on Elliott Bay, 19 on east waterway, 15 on west waterway, 35 on Duwamish Waterway, and 3 on Puget Sound near the northern limits of the port. Of these, 20 general cargo terminals and 1 grain terminal are open for public use. Eleven of the general cargo terminals are publicly owned, and 7 of these are publicly operated. The grain terminal is publicly owned and privately operated. The remaining 84 serve various industrial purposes, with the exception of 10 that are either owned or leased by the United States and are restricted to Government use. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Condition surveys were made at a cost of $2,560.84, and the cost of miscellaneous in- spections and reports was $5,920.98. A contract for maintenance dredging was awarded June 2, 1954, with preliminary costs of $475.49. Total costs were $8,957.31, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1931, except the settling basin. Controlling depths in the several waterways when last surveyed were as follows: West wa- terway, 34 feet except along the edges and the extreme inner por- tion in April 1953; East waterway, 34 feet except along the edges and except over one small shoal where the least depth is 27.7 feet, RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1501 from Elliott Bay to the Spokane Street terminal, and 26.9 feet over a width of 150 feet in the southerly 600 feet of the waterway in September 1953; Duwamish waterway, 27.2 feet except along the edges from the head of West waterway to 1st Avenue South in May 1953, 16.7 feet except along the edges from 1st Avenue South to 8th Avenue South and 13.5 feet except along the edges from 8th Avenue South to 14th Avenue South in March 1953; 9.4 by 100 feet from 14th Avenue South upstream for 3,100 feet, +0.4 by 150 feet to the settling basin, and a least depth in the settling basin of +0.6 foot above the datum plane, in March 1954. All depths refer to the plane of mean lower low water. Local interests have practically completed dredging of East waterway above the 750-foot section and of the turning basin at the junction of the waterways to 30 feet. The costs from Federal funds to June 30, 1954, have been $170,- 334.74 for new work and $742,145.83 for maintenance, a total of $912,480.57. In addition, $69,332.64 has been expended from con- tributed funds for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: -------- Appropriated--------........ -------------------- ------------ ----------- $170,335 Cost------------- --------------------------------------- 170,335 Maintenance: Appropriated -...-- $ 70,000 $143, 700 -$5, 834 $88, 875 $88, 800 901, 230 Cost-_ 135,394 142,125 776 9,858 8,957 742,146 1In addition $69,332.64 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project$--------------------------23,000 13. TACOMA HARBOR, WASH. Location. This harbor is 30 miles south of Seattle and em- braces Commencement Bay and tributary waterways. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6407.) Previous projects. The project for the Puyallup Waterway, providing for a channel 500 feet wide, 32 feet deep, and 3,650 feet long, was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of March 3, 1905 ; suspended by the act of June 25, 1910; and abandoned by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935. For further details, see pages 1372 to 1376 of Annual Report for 1934, and page 1875 of Annual Report for 1938. The project providing for maintenance of a channel in Wapato Waterway, 700 feet wide and 34 feet deep over such length as shall have been dredged by local interests to dimensions stated, was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, and superseded by the existing project for that waterway adopted March 2, 1945. For further details, see page 1702 of Annual Re- port for 1944. Existing project. This provides for (1) city waterway, having a channel 500 feet wide and 29 feet deep at mean lower low water from deep water in Commencement Bay to the 11th Street Bridge, 1502 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 500 feet wide and 22 feet deep to the 14th Street Bridge, and varying from 500 to 250 feet wide and 19 feet deep from the 14th Street Bridge to the end of this waterway, a total length of 8,500 feet; (2) for a channel in Hylebos Waterway 200 feet wide and 30 feet deep from Commencement Bay to the bend below Lincoln Avenue, thence 150 feet wide and 30 feet deep to a turning basin of the same depth, 410 feet wide and 900 feet average length; (3) construction of two training walls, each about 700 feet long, at the mouth of Puyallup River; and (4) dredging to a depth of 30 feet, an area in the Wapato Waterway (renamed Port-Industrial Water- way in 1949), not nearer than 50 feet from established pierhead lines or lateral limits of the waterway, nor 100 feet from the north- erly line of East 11th Street. The extreme tidal range is about 20 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 11.8 feet. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $448,000, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects, and exclusive of $40,- 000 to be contributed by local interests for dredging Wapato (Port- Industrial) Waterway. The latest (1953) approved estimates for annual cost of mainte- nance are as follows: City Waterway, $10,000; Hylebos Waterway, $16,000; Wapato Waterway, $1,000; Puyallup River training walls, $2,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Documents and reports June 13,1902 City Waterway-.......---.-------- .. H H. Doc. 76, 56th Cong., 2d sess. H------- Rivers and Harbors Committee July 3,1930 1Hylebos Waterway- -_ --- _--_----------- Doe. 25, 71st Cong., 2d seass., and Aug. 26, 1937 Hyl erway....................... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doec. 91, 74th Cong., 2d seas.' Aug. 30,1935 Training walls at the mouth of Puyallup River. Rivers and Harbors Committee (Training walls previously authorized by the Doc. 55, 72d Cong., 2d sess. Public Works Administration Sept. 6, 1933.) Mar. 2,1945 Wapato Waterway----------------.....--.-----.. H. Doc. 124, 76th Cong., 1st sess.' ' Contains latest published maps of Hylebos Waterway. 3 Contains latest published map of Wapato Waterway. Local cooperation. Fully complied with, except for Wapato Waterway, the improvement of which is subject to the provisions that local interests furnish, free of cost to the United States, suit- able spoil disposal areas for new work and for subsequent main- tenance as required, and contribute $40,000 toward the initial cost. The port of Tacoma was advised of the foregoing requirements on December 30, 1946; and in reply of December 31, 1946, stated it would provide disposal areas, but did not feel justified in con- tributing $40,000 toward the initial cost. Terminal facilities. There are 75 wharves and piers on Ta- coma Harbor. Eighteen are located on Commencement Bay, 28 on City Waterway, 4 on Middle Waterway, 5 on Milwaukee Water- way, 8 on Wapato Waterway, and 12 on Hylebos Waterway. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1503 Twenty-eight of the wharves are suitable for use by oceangoing vessels; of these five serving general cargo terminals and one serving a grain elevator are open for public use; two of the former and the latter are publicly owned. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey of City Waterway was made in March 1954 at a cost of $1,468.49. A contract was awarded June 8, 1954, for reconstruction of the east training wall at the mouth of Puyallup Waterway by means of contact piling, with preliminary costs of $2,463.78. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports was $2,055.41. Total costs were $5,987.68, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 74 per- cent complete. City waterway was completed in 1905. The costs have been $150,018.58 for new work and $205,643.50 for mainte- nance, a total of $355,662.08, not including $5,000 expended for maintenance from contributed funds. The depths available in March 1954 were as follows: 29 feet over a width of 500 feet, from Commencement Bay to South 11th Street; 21.8 feet over a width of 400 feet, from South 11th Street to South 14th Street; and 15.8 feet over a width of 130 feet, from South 14th Street to the head of the waterway. Hylebos Waterway was completed in 1939. The costs have been $212,501.60 for new work and $73,842.15 for maintenance, a total of $286,343.75. Depths available in March 1953 were as follows: 30 feet over a width of 160 feet from deep water in Commencement Bay to East 11th Street; 28.8 feet over a width of 150 feet from East 11th Street to bend below Lincoln Avenue; and 28.8 feet over a width of 150 feet above Lincoln Avenue, with a least depth of 30 feet in the turning basin, except in the upper 100 feet and along the edges. The two rubble-mound training walls at the mouth of Puyallup River were completed in 1934 at a cost of $51,609.12, all for new work. Maintenance costs have been $7,834.18. Total costs to date have been $59,443.30. On April 4, 1943, a slide destroyed the east training wall. Approximately 550 feet of this wall will be replaced by a contact pile structure during July 1954. The west wall is in good condition. No work has been done by the Corps of Engineers on the existing project for Wapato Waterway. Available information indicates a controlling depth of about 30 feet in the outer half of the waterway and about 28 feet in the eastern two-thirds of the inner portion. Miscellaneous inspections and reports have been made at a cost of $2,164.51, all for maintenance. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to dredge all of Wapato Waterway to a depth of 30 feet. The total costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $414,129.30 for new work, including $51,609.12 Public Works funds, and $289,484.34 for maintenance, a total of $703,613.64, not including $5,000 contributed funds for maintenance. Sig 48-1503.1534 1504 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954. includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 12 New work: Appropriated--.. --------------------------------------------------------- $573,714 Cost--- ----------------------- Maintenance: -- --- -- ---------- 573,714 Appropriated- - ---------------- $48, 499 -$870 $2, 600 $17, 500 306, 598 Cost-----------------.......... $1 095 45, 892 1,893 2,453 5,988 294, 831 1 Includes $159,584.46 for new work and $5,347 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $5,000 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project_ _-------------________ _ - $33,870 14. OLYMPIA HARBOR, WASH. Location. This harbor is near the southern end of Puget Sound at the head of Budd Inlet, about 45 miles southwest of Tacoma. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6462.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, provided for a channel on the east side of the harbor 250 feet wide and 12 feet deep from vicinity of Fourth Street Bridge to deep water in Budd Inlet, with a turn- ing basin 500 feet wide at the inner end. The River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910, modified and extended the project to pro- vide for a channel on the west side of the harbor 200 feet wide and 12 feet deep from deep water to a point 1,900 feet south of the west side waterway, with a turning basin at its inner end 800 feet long and a maximum width of 400 feet. For further details see page 1369 of Annual Report for 1934 and page 1873 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel between deep water in iBudd Inlet and the port terminal, 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and 500 feet wide, with suitable additional width at the bend, and a turning basin adjacent to the port terminal 30 feet deep, 3,350 feet long, and 500 to 960 feet wide. The extreme tidal range is 22.5 feet. The range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 14.4 feet. The (1954) estimate of cost for new work is $608,000 exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $10,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: RIVERS AND HARBORS--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1505 Act Work authorized Documents and reports Jan. 21,1927 Channel 22 feet deep and 150 feet wide__ ------------ _ H. Doc. 244, 69th Cong., 1st sess. July 3, 1930 Channels of 26-foot depth on the east side of the harbor Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 5, 71st Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30, 1935 1 Elimination from the project of the 12-foot channels Rivers and Harbors Committee on the east and west sides of the harbor and for a Doc. 21, 73d Cong., 2d sess. channel 30 feet deep and 300 feet wide between Budd Inlet and the port terminal, with turning basin of same depth. Aug. 26, 1937 Widen outer portion of channel to 500 feet, and widen Rivers and Harbors Committee entrance to turning basin. Doc. 75, 74th Cong., 2d sess. 2 Mar. 2,1945 Entrance channel 500 feet wide to and including a H. Doc. 699, 76th Cong., 3d sess. turning basin 3,350 feet long and generally 960 feet wide, all at a depth of 30 feet at mean lower low water. 1 Included in Public Works Administration program. 2 Contains latest published map. Local cooperation. Local interests are required to furnish, free of cost to the United States, suitably bulkheaded areas for the retention of dredged materials, when and as required. The port of Olympia advised January 25, 1949, that it could not comply with the requirements at that time but would do so on the earliest possible date. Terminal facilities. There are 17 wharves and piers on Olym- pia Harbor. Two serve general cargo terminals that are open for public use; one of these, which is publicly owned and operated, is located on the improved channel and has sufficient depths along- side to accommodate oceangoing vessels; the other, privately owned and operated, is used by vessels in the Puget Sound trade. The remainder are suitable for barges and scows and are used for various industrial purposes. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. A condition survey was made in December 1953 at a cost of $1,245.24. Miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $695.57. Total costs were $1,940.81, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 83 per- cent complete. The channel and basin were completed to present dimensions in 1939. In December 1953 controlling depths in the completed section were as follows: 30.4 feet in the outer chan- nel, 30.8 feet in the entrance channel, and 30 feet in the turning basin. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to widen the entrance channel and enlarge the turning basin as authorized by the Act of March 2, 1945. The costs under the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been $262,825.33 for new work, including $105,467 Public Works funds, and $79,750.78 for maintenance, a total of $342,576.11. 1506 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated ------- ---------- - -$184,094 ....-- $446,082 Cost_ --- _- -_ $32 -446,082 Maintenance: Appropriated - -8,999 $1, 941 94, 169 Cost- - 2,007 - - ... 1,941 94,169 1 Includes $183,257 for new work and $14,418 for maintenance for previous projects. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project----------_ _ ------- $_ $345,175 15. GRAYS HARBOR AND CHEHALIS RIVER, WASH. Location. Grays Harbor lies at the mouth of Chehalis River, in the southwestern part of the State of Washington, 45 miles north of the entrance to Columbia River. The inner portion comprises two main channels, the south and the north, connecting the harbor proper with the Chehalis River at Aberdeen. Chehalis River rises in the southwestern part of the State of Washington, about 40 miles east of the Pacific Ocean, flows in a general north- westerly direction and empties into the eastern part of Grays Harbor. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6195.) Previous projects. The original project for the Chehalis River, adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 2, 1882, provided for removal of log jams and for annual snagging. The original project for the inner harbor, adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, provided for improvement of North channel, by constructing a dike across middle channel and head of South channel; and improving Chehalis River from Grays Harbor to Montesano by dredging a channel 16 feet deep and 200 feet wide and by diking across five sloughs. For further details, see pages 2002-2003 of Annual Report for 1915, and page 1863 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for an entrance channel across the bar 600 feet wide and 30 feet deep, to be secured by a south jetty 13,734 feet long and a north jetty 16,000 feet long, both at an elevation of 16 feet above mean lower low water and by dredg- ing; for maintenance of a channel 30 feet deep at mean lower low water and 350 feet wide from deep water in Grays Harbor to the Port of Grays Harbor Commission terminal, a distance of 131/4 miles; thence 26 feet deep and 200 to 350 feet wide to the Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen, a distance of 21/4 miles; thence 18 feet deep and 200 feet wide to Cosmopolis, a distance of 3 miles; for a channel 16 feet deep at mean lower low water and 150 feet wide from Cosmopolis to Montesano, a dis- tance of 103/4 miles, with a turning basin at Montesano of the same depth, 1,500 feet long, and 200 to 500 feet wide; for a channel 14 feet deep at mean lower low water and 100 feet wide in South Bay to Bay City; for a breakwater at and maintenance of an entrance channel to Westhaven Cove; and for protection of Point Chehalis for an exposed length of about 7,500 feet. RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1507 The tidal range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 9 feet at Point Chehalis, 9.9 feet at Aberdeen, and 8.1 feet at Montesano. The extreme range is 15 feet at Point Chehalis, 18.1 feet at Aberdeen, and 23.8 feet at Montesano (river flood of 1935). The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $4,766,000. This cost does not include amounts expended on previous projects and Navy funds expended on deepening from 26 feet to 30 feet the channel from deep water in Grays Harbor to the Port of Grays Harbor Commission terminal, nor does it include $239,500 to be contributed by local interests. The latest (1953) approved esti- mate for annual cost of maintenance dredging in the section below Aberdeen is $373,700. Local interests are to maintain the work above Aberdeen; enlarge and maintain Westhaven base. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: Act Work authorized Documents and reports June 3, 1896 South jetty --------- Annual Report,1895, pp. 3517-3533. Mar. 2,1907 A north jetty, 9,000 feet long-------------------- Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 2, 59th Cong., 2d sess. Do....... The 18-foot channel...........................---------------------------. H. Doc. 507, 59th Cong., 1st sess. June 25, 1910 Extension of the north jetty 7,000 feet; length of the Rivers and Harbors Committee south jetty fixed at 13,734 feet. Doe. 29, 61st Cong., 2d sess. Do-...... A 6-foot channel above Cosmopolis_ , - . -..........H. Doc. 1125, 60th Cong. 2d seas. Aug. 8,1917 lDredging in the bar channel-------------------H. Doc. 1729, 64th Cong., 2d sess.; Jan. 21, 1927 ng H. Doc. 582, 69th Cong., 2d seas. July 3, 1930 The 16-foot channel above Cosmopolis, with turning H. Doe. 315, 70th Cong., 1st sess. basin at Montesano. Aug. 30, 1935 Reconstruction of the north and south jetties to an Rivers and Harbors Committee elevation of 16 feet above mean lower low water. Doc. 2, 74th Cong., 1st sess. Do....... Maintenance of the 26-foot channel below Aberdeen H. Doc. 53, 73d Cong. 1st sess.; (as authorized by the Public Works Administration Rivers and Harbors Committee Dec. 11, 1933) and for combining the projects Doec. 2, 74th Cong., 1st sess. for Grays Harbor and bar entrance, and Grays Harbor, inner portion, and Chehalis River, under a modified project for Grays Harbor and Chehalis River. Mar. 2, 1.945 Maintenance of a 30-foot depth in the channel from Report on file in Office, Chief of deep water in Grays Harbor to the Port of Grays Engineers. Harbor Commission terminal, which was deepened from 26 to 30 feet with Navy funds. June 30, 1948 The 14-foot channel to Bay City; breakwater at H. Doc. 635, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Westhaven; protection of Point Chehalis; and (Contains latest published map.) maintenance of Westhaven entrance channel. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of August 28, 1953, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide essentially for a channel 30 feet deep and 200 to 350 feet wide from the upstream end of the authorized 30-foot channel to a point approximately 2.6 miles upstream from the Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen, and a turning basin 30 feet deep at the upstream end of the channel, with Federal maintenance dredging of the channel above the railroad bridge, and the turning basin. The estimated Federal cost for construction is $403,400, and for maintenance, $12,500 annually in addition to that now required; subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. Local cooperation. The River and Harbor Act of July 3, 1930, adopting the 16-foot channel, provides that local interests con- tribute one-half the first cost, estimated at $239,500, and give 1508 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of War and Chief of En- gineers that they will assume the entire cost of maintenance of same and provide a suitable public terminal at Montesano. These assurances have been given and $35,834.27 contributed, which was expended in 1931 with an equal amount of Government funds in securing a 12-foot channel to Montesano, the remaining con- tribution necessary to complete the project being deferred until a later date, as approved by the Secretary of War, March 18, 1931. The River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935, continues the requirement that local interests shall pay one-half of the first cost of enlarging the channel between Cosmopolis and Montesano, and further provides that the Grays Harbor Port Commission shall continue to remove all snags and deadheads from the chan- nels, shall furnish free of cost to the United States suitable areas for the disposal of dredged material as and when needed, and shall assist in the work of maintenance by loaning to the United States, when not required on the work of the Commission, its pipe- line dredge without charge other than reimbursement to the Port of Grays Harbor Commission for the operating costs of the dredge on a basis approved by the Chief of Engineers, and maintain the channel above the Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen. These conditions have been met as required to cover current needs. With Navy funds, the 26-foot channel was deepened to 30 feet, and widened to 350 feet in the narrow section, from the port terminal to deep water, at a cost of $162,000. The Act of June 30, 1948, authorizing the Bay City channel and improvements at Westhaven and Point Chehalis, provides that local interests furnish assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will furnish lands and rights-of-way required for construction and suitable spoil disposal areas for initial dredg- ing and subsequent maintenancey,when and as required; maintain depths at the IBay City wharf commensurate with those of the channel; lend to the United States the Port of Grays Harbor dredge for dredging the Bay City and Westhaven channels, with- out charge other than reimbursement for the operating cost of the dredge on a basis approved by the Chief of Engineers; hold and save the United States free from damages due to construction and maintenance of improvements; enlarge and maintain the Westhaven base by dredging; and construct, in accordance with plans approved by the Secretary of the Army, maintain, and operate, adequate mooring facilities within the basin, utilities, and a public landing with suitable service and supply facilities, open to all on equal terms. The necessary assurances of local co- operation were furnished by the Port Commission of the Port of Grays Harbor on October 7, 1949, and were approved by the Secretary of the Army on November 23, 1949. The Port Com- mission furnished necessary rights-of-way on May 1, 1950; and dredged the existing base to a depth of 16 feet and constructed bulkheads, wharf and float facilities, utilities, service and supply features in 1952, thus completing requirements for local co- operation, except for enlargement of the base. Terminal facilities. There are 33 wharves and piers on Grays Harbor and adjacent inland waters, including 1 general cargo RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1509 terminal, 13 sawmill wharves, 1 pulp- and paper-mill wharf, 8 fish wharves; 8 miscellaneous industrial wharves, and 2 are not in use. One general cargo wharf and two fish wharves are publicly owned and open to public use. These facilities are con- sidered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. New work, hired labor: Operations during the fiscal year included work on prepara- tion of a model study report by the Waterways Experiment Sta- tion at Vicksburg, and preliminary engineering studies and investigations for protection of Point Chehalis. Contract: A contract for reinforcement of breakwater A and groin 4 and repair of revetment at Westhaven Cove was awarded in August 1953 and completed in October 1953, using 5,780 tons of rock, 516 cubic yards of gravel, and 3,840 feet (board measure) of lumber. A contract for plank reinforcement of breakwater A at Westhaven Cove was awarded in February 1954 and completed in March 1954, using 3,840 feet (board measure) of lumber. Total costs were $76,634.58, all for new work. Maintenance: Surveys were made by the U. S. survey boat Ma- mala at a cost of $21,547.66. The United States hopper dredge Pacific, during the period November 1953 to February 1954, re- moved 7,000 cubic yards of material from the Chehalis River above Cow Point, 286,224 cubic yards from Cross-Over Channel, 128,551 cubic yards from Sand Island Shoal, and 16,814 cubic yards from Westhaven Cove outer channel, a total of 438,589 cubic yards, at a cost of $154,589.77. The pipeline dredge Robert Gray, leased from the Port of Grays Harbor Commission, removed 267,771 cubic yards of material from the North Channel at a cost of $49,773.22. Miscellaneous inspections and reports were made at a cost of $2,647.29. Costs for the fiscal year were $76,634.58 for new work and $228,557.94 for maintenance, a total of $305,192.52. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was 82 percent complete. The south jetty was completed in 1902 with a groin 11,952 feet from the high-water line. A 12,656-foot sec- tion of the jetty was reconstructed to an elevation of 20 feet above mean lower low water during the period 1936-40. In July 1953, the inner 100 feet of the reconstructed jetty had been partially removed, the next 4,500 feet were at or near grade, the next 2,400 feet showed subsidence to a maximum depth of 15 feet below grade, and the outer 5,456 feet varied from elevations 4 feet above to elevations below mean lower low water. Serious erosion of the shore line immediately north of the jetty was oc- curring. The north jetty was completed to midtide elevation in December 1913. It was later restored and raised to or above ordinary high water, this work being completed in January 1916. During 1941 and 1942, an 8,288-foot section was reconstructed westward from the high-water line, the inner 7,760 feet being raised to a crest elevation of + 20 feet and the remainder to an elevation of + 30 feet. The remainder of the north jetty has not been restored. The 412-foot section seaward of the reconstructed jetty is at the elevation of mean lower low water, and the 7,300- foot section shoreward of the reconstructed jetty has sanded in. 1510 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 An examination of the reconstructed jetty, made in July 1953, showed that sea action had leveled the outer 325 feet; had breached the sand spit at the shore end, exposing old jetty rock to the east; and a 1,000-foot section about 1,000 feet from the outer end showed a maximum settlement of 10 feet. The Westhaven Cove break- water was completed in 1950, and local interests completed initial dredging of an entrance channel in 1952. Construction of three rock groins for protection of Point Chehalis was completed in 1951. In 1952, the groins were reinforced, and a revetment was constructed along the north shore of Point Chehalis from groin 4 to groin 5, using rock from the east end of the south jetty. In August to October 1953 and March 1954, breakwater A and groin No. 4 were reinforced. The 26-foot channel previously dredged by the Port of Grays Harbor below Aberdeen was deepened to 30 feet from the port terminal to deep water in the lower harbor in 1945. The 18-foot channel below Cosmopolis and 6-foot channel between Cosmopolis and Montesano were completed in 1910, and the latter was deep- ened to 12 feet in 1931. The Bay City Channel was completed in July 1950. The controlling depths, when last ascertained, were as follows: Bar channel, 35 feet over a width of 600 feet (July 1953) ; deep water in lower harbor to port terminal, 26.9 feet over a width of 250 feet (May 1954); port terminal to Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen, 26 feet over a width of 200 feet (May 1954) ; Union Pacific Railroad bridge at Aberdeen to Cosmopolis, 22.6 feet over a width of 200 feet (January to March 1950); Cos- mopolis to Montesano, 8.9 feet (April 1943); Bay City Channel, 14 feet over a width of 100 feet (November 1953). Project dimensions were available in Westhaven Cove entrance channel in February 1954. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to construct further protective works on the west shore of Point Chehalis as required, and increase the channel depth from Cos- mopolis to Montesano to 16 feet. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total Reg-lar ._ ----------------------------- $3, 793, 808 $13, 148, 641 $16, 942, 449 Public works....--------------------------------------- ------------- 57, 000 57, 000 Emergency relief.......------------------------------------- --------------- 409, 660 409, 660 Total, United States funds --------------------- 3, 793, 808 13, 615, 301 17, 409, 109 Contributed funds .----------------------------------- 35, 834 47, 889 83, 724 Total, all funds......-------------------------------....... 3, 829, 642 13, 663, 190 17, 492, 833 RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1511 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 2 New work: Appropriated- ....... $650, 000 $500. 000 - (3) -$135, 400 $ 3, 969,189 Cost----------------.. 112, 664 436,593 $245,168 $ 81,294 76, 635 3, 906, 943 Maintenance: Appropriated.- .- 365, 770 340, 000 109, 665 233, 000 233, 405 13, 661, 431 Cost---------------- 398, 991 329,894 111,718 238,186 228,558 13,652,716 1Includes $113,134 for new work and $37,415 for maintenance for previous projects. 2 In addition $35,834 for new work and $47,889 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds; and $162,000 was expended from Navy funds for new work. 8 Funds in amount of $137,781 previously reported as revoked. However, revocation of allotment in amount of $135,400 was not made until October 15, 1953. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 - -- - $ 62,247 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------_ 93,300 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 -- ---------------------------------------------- 155,547 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project---_ --------------- ---- - 703,511 16. WILLAPA RIVER AND HARBOR, WASH. Location. Willapa Harbor consists of the lower reaches of Willapa River and Willapa Bay, an inlet of the Pacific Ocean located about 30 miles north of the mouth of Columbia River. Willapa River rises in the State of Washington, about 30 miles east of the harbor, flows in a general westerly direction, and empties into the bay. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6185.) Previous projects. The original project adopted by the River and Harbor Act of July 13, 1892, provided for a channel 100 feet wide and 8 feet deep from deep water in Willapa Bay to Willapa City, by dredging and construction of dikes across the head of Mailboat and Lauderbach Sloughs, and for snagging the Nasel River. The act of August 18, 1894, appropriated funds for the work underway and for improving North River by removal of a log jam. The act of March 3, 1899, authorized additional work in clearing a channel through the log jam on North River and ap- propriated funds for work on the 8-foot channel to Willapa City. The act of June 13, 1902, authorized the expenditure of funds for the improvement of Willapa River and Harbor, North and Nasel Rivers, by snagging or otherwise. The act of March 2, 1907, con- templated a channel 150 feet wide and 12 feet deep between South Bend and Raymond. The act of June 25, 1910, provided for a chan- nel 200 feet wide and 18 feet deep from deep water in Willapa Bay to the junction of the north and south forks of the river at Ray- mond, and for a channel 18 feet deep and 150 feet wide up the south fork for a distance of 3,100 feet. For further details, see page 2001 1512 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 of Annual Report for 1915; page 968 of Annual Report for 1910; and page 1861 of Annual Report for 1938. Existing project. This provides for a channel over the bar at the mouth of Willapa Bay, 26 feet deep at mean lower low water, with a minimum width of 500 feet; for straightening the river channel at the Narrows about a mile downstream from Raymond by a cutoff channel 200 feet wide, 24 feet deep, and about 3,100 feet long; for a channel 24 feet deep and 200 feet wide from deep water in Willapa Bay to the forks of the river at Raymond, 24 feet deep and 150 feet wide up the south fork as far as the deep basin above the Cram lumber mill, and up the north fork to a point op- posite Twelfth Street, with a turning basin 250 feet wide, 350 feet long, and 24 feet deep at the latter point, and a closing dike at Mail- boat slough; and for a channel from deep water in Palix River to Bay Center Dock, with a depth of 10 feet at mean lower low water over a bottom width of 40 feet, widened at the shoreward end to provide a small mooring basin. The length of the section included in the project is 26 miles for the main channels, and about 2,800 feet for the Palix River-Bay Center channel. The tidal range be- tween mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.9 feet at Toke Point; 9.9 feet at Raymond; and 9.2 feet at Bay Center. The extreme range is 18 feet at Toke Point; 19.3 feet at Raymond; and 16 feet at Bay Center. The actual cost for new work was $772,637, exclusive of amounts expended on previous projects and exclusive of $71,775 contributed by local interests. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $277,500. The existing project was authorized by the following River and Harbor Acts: 1 Act Work authorized Documents and reports July 27,1916 Present project dimensions of the river channels __ _ H. Doc. 706, 63d Cong., 2d sess. Aug. 30, 1935 2 Maintenance of the channel over the bar to a depth of Rivers and Harbors Committee 26 feet and minimum width of 500 feet. Doc. 41, 72d Cong., 1st sess. Do s...... For the cutoff channel at the Narrows------------ Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 37, 73d Cong., 2d sess. Mar. 2,1945 Channel from deep water in Palix River to Bay Cen- H. Doc. 481, 76th Cong., 2d sess. ter dock. ' Contain latest published maps. 2 Included in the Public Works Administration program, Dec. 11, 1933. = Included in the Emergency Relief program May 28, 1935. Recommended modifications of project. Under date of March 22, 1954, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the existing project to provide for a mooring basin adjacent to the port wharf at Tokeland; an entrance channel at Nahcotta, a moor- ing basin, and a rubble-mound breakwater; widening the existing project channel in Willapa River in the section upstream from the foot of Ferry Street, South Bend, to the westerly end of the Nar- rows cutoff channel, through the Narrows upstream to the forks of the river at Raymond; and removal of snags, piles, and other obstructions in the navigable channel of the Naselle River between RIVERS AND HARBORS-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1513 Naselle and the mouth, at an estimated cost to the United States of $817,710 for construction and $9,450 annually for maintenance in addition to that now required; subject to certain conditions of local cooperation. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Terminal facilities. There are 33 wharves on Willapa River and Harbor, including 7 in Willapa Bay, 7 in Bay Center, 17 in Raymond and South Bend, and 2 in Tokeland. Three of the wharves at Raymond and South Bend are suitable for use of oceangoing vessels; one of these, which is publicly owned and operated, is open for use as a general cargo terminal, and 2 are located at sawmills. All of the other wharves, including three that are publicly owned and operated, are used by light-draft vessels in local trade. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance dredg- ing by the United States hopper dredge Davison during Septem- ber and October 1953, and May and June 1954, totaled 30,277 cubic yards removed from the bar channel and 164,792 cubic yards from Willapa River at a cost of $173,915.78. Hydrographic surveys were made by the United States survey boat Mamala at a cost of $18,051.19. The cost of miscellaneous inspections and reports was $1,415.52. Total costs were $193,328.49, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1936 'except for the channel from Palix River to Bay Cen- ter, which was completed in 1949. The dike at the head of Mailboat slough is in good condition. A survey completed June 8, 1954, showed a controlling depth of 26 feet over a width of 1,500 feet across the bar. The controlling depths in the inner channels in June and July 1954 were as follows: Below forks at Raymond, 23.6 feet over width of 140 feet; lower 2,200 feet of North Fork, 24 feet over width of 80 feet; and lower 1,500 feet of South Fork, 20 feet over width of 100 feet. The controlling depth in Bay Center Chan- nel in July 1953 was 6.4 feet with a least depth of 3.2 feet in the turning basin. There has been no navigation in the upper portions of the forks, and no soundings have been taken in recent years. The total costs of the existing project to June 30, 1954, have been as follows: New work Maintenance Total Regular .. .. .. .. .. .. .. $580,322.47 . .-_____-______.. $2, 580,015.73 $3,160,338.20 Public works ..---------------- --- ----------------. 78,533.00 78,533.00 Emergency relief-.. ._ _......--- -------------------- 192,314.06 192,314.06 Total, United States funds....------------------- 772, 636. 53 2, 658, 548.73 3,431,185.26 Contributed funds ----------- ----------- 71, 775.00 --------------- 71, 775.00 Total, all funds . ----- ---------- ..--------- . 844,411.53 2,658,548.73 3,502,960.26 The total costs have been $3,431,185.26, of which $3,160,338.20 were regular funds, $78,533 public works funds, and $192,314.06 emergency relief funds. In addition, $71,775 was expended from contributed funds. 1514 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 s New work: Appropriated- --- _. -$14, 783 -----------. -$852 ---- $1, 000, 720 Cost....----------------- 29, 027 $3, 794 6 ------------------------ 1, 000, 720 Maintenance: Appropriated- ...... 292, 848 196, 752 131, 259 -$19, 635 $198, 250 2, 673, 783 Cost. ------------- 329,651 186, 901 85, 217 38,610 193,382 2,665, 725 I Includes $228,084 for new work and $7,177 for maintenance for previous projects. s In addition $71,775 for new work was expended from contributed funds for existing project and $6,596.92 contributed funds for previous project. 17. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Kootenal River, Idaho and Mont. ............ 1933 $9, 254.54 $5, 642. 60 (2) 2. Columbia River, Wenatchee to Kettle Falls, 1923 274, 390. 53 7,692.58 (3) Wash.' 3. Skagit River, Wash...----------------------1950 99, 829.80 36, 257.81 $348,200 4. Stillaguamish River, Wash. ----- 1946 ... 189,000 5. Flathead River, Mont. -------------------- 1901 9,810.77(6) 6. Port Angeles Harbor, Wash. 7 ____________ 1950 44,000 7. Port Gamble Harbor, Wash.. 1953 ..........----------------- 1 11i911.08 13, 336.65 56,000 8. Polson Bay, Flathead Lake, Mont.8 ......... 1918 4,491. 14 258.86 (2) 9. Port Orchard Bay, Wash. -_- _ -- - - -1928 42, 803.58 1....... (2) 10. Hammersley Inlet, Wash.'---- -- __-------.. 1950 9, 000.00 10, 682.67 30,000 11. Hoquiam River, Wash 1950 ____...................... 51, 293.64 5, 316.35 (2) 12. Removing accumulated snags and debris un- 1953 ............. 69, 320.69 ( o) der authority of section 3 of River and Har- bor Act approved March 2, 1945. 1No commerce reported. Completed. 8 All work now contemplated has been completed. River closed by Grand Coulee Dam. A ' Local cooperation cannot be expected. No longer economically justified. E All work now contemplated has been completed. 'Proposed for construction in 1957. Modification recommended May 23, 1951, in H. Doc. 155, 82d Cong., 1st sess. 9' No maintenance required at present. ' Deepening of shoal not required for present traffic. 10All work now contemplated has been completed. Revoked, $567.32. It In addition $21,260.09 was expended from contributed funds. 18. LIBBY DAM, KOOTENAI RIVER, MONT. Location. The Kootenai River rises in British Columbia, flows southerly about 40 miles into Montana and thence northwesterly across western Montana and the northwestern corner of Idaho to re-enter British Columbia, where it empties into Columbia River after passing through Kootenay Lake. Libby Dam will be located on the Kootenai River, 15 miles upstream from Libby, Montana, and 217.0 miles upstream from its confluence with the Columbia River. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet, "Thomp- son Lakes, Mont.") Existing project. The project provides for a straight concrete gravity overflow flood control and power dam on Kootenai River about 400 feet high; for a powerhouse; and for a reservoir back- FLOOD CONTROL---SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1515 ing water into Canada with a usable storage capacity of 5,010,000 acre-feet. The initial power installation will consist of six units, each unit with a capacity of 100,000 kilowatts. Construction of the dam will depend on an order to be issued by the International Joint Commission. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $268,000,000 (six units). The latest approved estimate for average annual operation and maintenance for a 50-year project life is $876,000 (six units). The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary engi- neering studies were continued on final location of axis, type and layout of dam, construction materials investigation, preliminary locations of alternate routes for railroad relocation, and studies for relocation of public and Forest Service roads. A report on "Import of the Proposed Libby Dam upon the Forest Economy of Lincoln County, Montana," was prepared by the Forest Service for the Corps of Engineers, using Corps planning funds. This report was given wide distribution to all pertinent local, state and Federal interests. Field work included mapping alternate railroad relo- cations, topography for alternate dam axes, explorations for con- crete aggregate, and preliminary exploration by drilling at two axes. Costs were $98,097.05, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Preliminary engineering is about 25 percent complete. The general location of the dam has been fixed near Dunn Creek above the Fisher River. Additional studies of dam layouts, and founda- tion exploration are under way. Discussions have been held with Great Northern Railway, United States Forest Service, Montana State Highway Department, J. Neils Lumber Company, and Zono- lite Mine Company on relocation problems. The project as a whole is about 2 percent complete. Costs to June 30, 1954, have been $439,976.13, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated........ .... .. _ __. __... ..... $285,000 $ 85,500 $150,000 $520, 500 Cost-- _98, 466 243, 413 98, 097 439, 976 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ------------ $57,555 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-..... 46,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------------------------------------- 103,555 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project_-_____ __-_______--___ __ - 267,433,500 1516 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 19. ALBENI FALLS RESERVOIR, PEND OREILLE RIVER, IDAHO Location. Pend Oreille River has its source in Pend Oreille Lake in northern Idaho, which receives most of its inflow from Clark Fork. The lake has an area of about 83,500 acres. Pend Oreille River leaves the lake near Sandpoint, Idaho, and flows westerly 25 miles to Albeni Falls, where the channel is divided by an island and the low water fall is about 7 feet. About 2 miles downstream from the falls, the stream enters the State of Wash- ington, in which its course is northwesterly for 72 miles to the Canadian border. In Canada, Pend Oreille River flows westerly for 16 miles and joints the Columbia River. Just downstream from this junction, Columbia River enters the United States, where it flows generally southward across Washington and westerly along the Washington-Oregon line to the Pacific Ocean, a total distance of about 748 miles. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheets "Sandpoint, Idaho," and "Newport, Wash.") Existing project. The project provides for a low concrete gravity dam at Albeni Falls on Pend Oreille River for power gen- eration, flood control, and related water uses. The dam will con- sist of a gated, open channel spillway in the left channel and a powerhouse having an installation of 42,600 kilowatts in the right channel, creating a reservoir with a usable storage capacity of 1,153,000 acre-feet. The dam site is 838 and 90 miles upstream from the mouths of Columbia and Pend Oreille Rivers, respec- tively, and is 50 miles northeast of Spokane, Wash. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $31,100,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $345,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See S. Doc. 9, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which con- tains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. None required. Operations and results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance, hired labor: The reservoir was operated through its sec- ond annual cycle of storage and release during the year. The highest pool level attained was elevation 2062.62, approximately normal, on August 18, 1953; the lowest was elevation 2048.17 on January 21, 1954. Maximum storage used was 1,295,000 acre- feet. There was no flood surcharge during the year. The log chute was operated to pass 40 rafts constituting 168 tons of cut timber through the dam for processing by mills downstream. Rou- tine structural, mechanical and electrical maintenance was per- formed on the spillway dam and equipment, and on those fea- tures of the powerhouse that are completed and operating. New work, hired labor: Planning was continued for protective FLOOD CONTROL--SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1517 and restoration works required by reservoir effects on railroads, highways, municipal, and utility properties. Engineering and design was completed and contract awarded for construction of drift-removal sites in the reservoir. Shop inspections of manu- factured equipment and laboratory tests of construction materials were continued. Contract for installation of powerhouse equip- ment and completion of powerhouse was awarded in July 1953. Acquisition of land rights for the reservoir was continued. New work, contract: Supply contracts were completed for pow- erhouse bridge crane, elevator, draft tube gantry crane, trash raking equipment, switchgear, and miscellaneous electrical equip- ment; and were continued for hydraulic turbines and generators, turbine governors, main transformers, machine shop equipment, and miscellaneous electrical equipment. Construction of the pow- erhouse and intake structure was continued, and is about 99 per- cent complete. Construction of drift-removal sites is about 80 percent complete. Installation of powerhouse equipment is about 50 percent complete. Operations were continued on protective works for county roads which are vulnerable to direct damage by the reservoir. The costs during the fiscal year were $8,165,232.99 for new work and $17,987.05 for maintenance, a total of $8,183,220.04. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project was started in January 1951 and the project is about 86 percent complete. Engineering and design are about 98.5 percent complete. Construction of the spillway dam and powerhouse cof- ferdams was completed in June 1952. The project started opera- tions in June 1952 impounding storage which was used to in- crease minimum flows through downstream power plants during the extremely low water supply period of the fall. Construction of the powerhouse and intake structure was started in March 1952 and is about 99 percent complete. Installation of powerhouse equipment was started in July 1953 and is about 50 percent com- plete. Engineering and design of powerhouse operating equip- ment and machinery are complete. Evaluation of reservoir effects on vulnerable public and utility property is complete for most items and is continuing on the remainder. Negotiations with own- ing agencies are proceeding with a view to restoring or protecting the properties so far as legally required. Work remaining to be done to complete the project is installa- tion of powerhouse equipment; design and construction of a few minor features; delivery of remaining powerhouse operating equipment and machinery; and limited development of public ac- cess and reservoir utilization facilities. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $26,875,417.87 for new work and $17,987.05 for maintenance, a total of $26,893,404.92. 1518 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 19553 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated.-------. --- Cost--------- ---------------- - $2,900,000 $10,000,000 $ 6,966,000 1,408,715 6,384,973 210,916,496 $7,344,185 8,165,233 $27, 210,185 26,875,418 Maintenance: Appropriated.......--.... ----------- --- - 19,900 19 900 Apo rte----------- Cost............ . ........----------------------------------------- 17,987 17, 987 17,987 17 987 1 Includes $504,185 borrowed funds. 2 Erroneously reported in fiscal year 1953 Annual Report as $10,913,173. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_----------- $153,372 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955- 3,295,815 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955----------- ----------------------------- 3,449,187 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_--- 594,000 20. STILLAGUAMISH RIVER, WASH. Location. Stillaguamish River is formed by the confluence of its North and South Forks at Arlington, Wash., and flows westerly a distance of 22 miles to Puget Sound, entering Port Susan through Hat Slough and South Pass, and Skagit Bay through West Pass. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6450, and U. S. Geological Survey quadrangles Stanwood, Marysville, and Stilla- guamish, Wash.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for works to reduce bank erosion and channel changes on Stillaguamish River between Arlington and the head of Hat Slough, a distance of 15 miles, and on Cook Slough, 3 miles long, as follows: Revetment at 26 places on the river and Cook Slough; a concrete control weir 275 feet long between steel sheet pile piers at the head of Cook Slough to limit flow through the slough; and 2 cutoff channels, each about 900 feet long, to eliminate sharp bends in Cook Slough. Tidal influence extends about 3 miles into the improved section. Flood stages of 16 feet above low water at the Cook Slough weir have been observed. The actual cost for new work was $220,594. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $15,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936 (H. Doc. 657, 71st Cong., 3d sess.). This document contains the latest published map of the locality. Local cooperation. Fully complied with. Operations and results during fiscal year. Revetment repairs were completed under contract in November 1953 at a cost of $32,001.68. The cost of condition surveys was $2,111.67. Total costs were $34,113.35, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1939. Progressive deterioration of brush mat revet- ments necessitates annual repair at critical points. Other features are in good condition. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1519 $134,594.98 from regular funds and $85,999 from emergency relief funds, a total of $220,593.98, for new work; and $145,712.56 for maintenance, a total of $366,306.54. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated . ..............- - $220,594 Cost....------- ------------------------------------------------ ------------- 220,594 Maintenance: Appropriated- ..----- $15, 000-- ........ $15, 000 $57, 000 $21, 266 173, 266 Cost ...----------------- 17,442 $11,126 11,334 20,265 34,113 145,713 21. EAGLE GORGE RESERVOIR, GREEN RIVER, WASH. Location. Green River lies wholly in King County, Wash. From its source at the crest of the Cascade Mountains in the vi- cinity of Stampede Pass, the river flows westerly for 40 miles to Auburn, thence northerly 32 miles to its mouth in Elliott Bay, which forms the principal part of Seattle's salt-water harbor. Eagle Gorge dam site is on the upper Green River, 6 miles south- east of Kanaskat, Wash., and 1 mile downstream from the mouth of North Fork. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet, "Cedar Lake quadrangle, Wash.") Existing project. The project provides for a rockfill dam about 230 feet high, with a side channel spillway with a concrete weir at elevation 1206 feet above mean sea level, to create a reservoir with a capacity of 106,000 acre-feet. The length along the top of the dam is approximately 700 feet; at the bottom, 100 feet. The improvement is designed to control flooding in the Green River Valley to prevent existing agricultural and urban flood dam- age, and to make possible further expansion of the Seattle indus- trial area. The estimate of cost for new work (1954) is $20,500,000, ex- clusive of $2,000,000 to be contributed by local interests. The lat- est approved estimate for average annual cost of maintenance and operation for a 50-year project life, is $80,000. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act of May 17, 1950. (See H. Doc. 271, 81st Cong., 1st sess., which contains the latest published map.) Local cooperation. Local interests are required to contribute $2,000,000 in cash toward the cost of the project. The Washing- ton State legislature, by acts approved 1949, 1951, and 1953, ap- propriated $1,500,000 for participation in the Eagle Gorge proj- ect, contingent upon contribution by King County, Wash., of $500,000, authorization of the project by Congress, and appropri- ations of funds therefor. The King County Board of County Commissioners, by resolu- tion dated March 7, 1949, agreed to furnish $500,000 as their con- tribution. Operations and results during fiscal year. Preliminary engi- 1520 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 neering studies, initiated in June 1952, were continued on loca- tion of axis, type and layout of dam, construction materials investi- gation, and relocations. Field work included surveys for railroad relocation routes, bridge sites, topography for dam site and res- ervoir area, exploration for construction materials, and founda- tion explorations for the dam, bridge sites, and railway relocation. Costs were $152,889.37, all for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. No construction work has been done. Preliminary engineering is about 65 percent complete. Studies on type and layout of dam, construction materials inves- tigations, and relocations are under way. Studies and design memoranda have been completed on spillway design flood and hy- droelectric power potential. The project as a whole is about 2 percent complete. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $337,- 889.89, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June I 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated .-- ------------------------------------ $216,200 $127,000 $343, 200 Cost---- ---- ----- 185,001 152,889 337,890 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $110 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 ,170,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------------------------------------------- 170,110 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -------------------------------------- _ 19,986,800 22. TACOMA, PUYALLUP RIVER, WASH. Location. The Puyallup River has its source in the glaciers on the western slopes of Mount Rainier in the State of Washington, flows northwesterly 50 miles, and empties into Commencement Bay, an arm of Puget Sound, at Tacoma. Wash. The work covered by this project is on Puyallup River, within the city limits of Tacoma. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 6407.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a channel with a capacity of 50,000 second-feet between the East Eleventh Street Bridge and the lower end of the intercounty im- provement, a distance of about 2.2 miles, by straightening the channel, building levees, revetting the channel and levees, and making all necessary bridge changes. The 11th Street Bridge at the lower end of the project is 0.75 mile above the mouth of the Puyallup River. The diurnal tidal range at the mouth of the river is 11.8 feet and the extreme range is 20 feet. The improvement was planned in conjunction with Mud Mountain Dam and affords protection against floods about 50 percent greater than the maxi- mum discharge of record. The actual cost for new work to June 30, 1954, was $3,947,493. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of mainte- FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1521 nance is $40,000. The project was authorized by the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 22, 1936. (See Senate committee print, "Puyallup River, Wash.," 74th Cong., 2d sess.) Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Revetment repairs were completed by contract in July 1953 at a cost of $3,247.08, and trees were cleared from the revetments by hired labor in June 1954 at a cost of $2,156.33. The cost of condition studies was $1,198.81. Total costs were $6,602.22, all for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1950. Reconstruction of six bridges, channel improve- ment, and levee construction were completed in 1949. Placing of additional riprap was completed in May 1950. In June 1954 all features were in good condition, except for several minor revet- ment sloughs. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $3,947,492.81 for new work and $8,785.34 for maintenance, a total of $3,956,278.15. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30. 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .- - __ $359, 740 ------------ -.........- -$11,022 --- - 1 $3, 948,718 Cost - 516, 049 -$3, 893 $1, 064 987 - 3, 947, 493 Maintenance: Appropriated .----- I------------ ------------ 20, 000 -13,600 $2, 700 9,100 Cost....------------------------------------- 1, 203 980 6, 602 8, 785 1 Funds in the amount of $1,225 have been transferred to "Minor Completion Items" account, and are available for real estate costs. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------- 1 $1,225 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ - _-_ __--_ 1--1,225 23. MUD MOUNTAIN RESERVOIR, WHITE RIVER, WASH. Location. The White River rises on the northeastern slope of Mount Rainier, in the State of Washington, and flows in a general northwesterly direction for 57 miles to its confluence with the Puy- allup River. The White River is the principal tributary of the Puyallup River and enters the latter 10 miles above its mouth in Puget Sound at Tacoma, Wash. The works covered by this proj- ect are on White River near Mud Mountain, 6 miles southeast of Enumclaw, Wash. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic sheet "Cedar Lake quadrangle, Washington.") Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for the construction of a rockfill dam, 700 feet long at crest elevation and rising 425 feet above bedrock. The dam is located 28 miles above the confluence of the White and Puyallup Rivers and 38 miles above the mouth of the Puyallup River. The reservoir has a stor- age capacity of approximately 106,000-acre feet. Outlet works are located in the right abutment and permit controlled discharge of 1522 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 17,700 cubic feet per second through two concrete-lined tunnels, with uncontrolled discharge over a spillway having a maximum capacity of 139,000 cubic feet per second. The improvement af- fords flood protection to the White and Puyallup River Valleys and protects the Tacoma industrial district in conjunction with the authorized project at that locality against floods about 50 percent greater than the maximum discharge of record. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936. (See Senate committee print, "Puyallup River, Wash.," 74th Cong., 2d sess.) The actual cost for new work was $13,208,063.49. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance and op- eration is $115,000. Local cooperation. None required. Section 2 of the Flood Con- trol Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Operation and main- tenance of the dam and appurtenances, gages, radio network, roads, buildings, grounds, and utilities were continued; and drift removal, fish haul, and miscellaneous studies were accomplished. A total of 14,146 migratory fish was transported around the dam in tank trucks. There were no severe floods during the year, the highest pool level attained attributable to floods being elevation 1040 in December 1953, equivalent to a head of 145 feet and stor- age of 9,682 acre-feet. In June 1954 the pool was raised to ele- vation 1079 to facilitate debris-removal operations. Costs for the fiscal year were $102,586.32, of which $406.26 was for new work accomplished the previous year, and $102,180.06 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in June 1953. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $13,182,063.49 from regu- lar funds and $26,000 from Emergency Relief funds, a total of $13,208,063.49, for new work; and $922,925.53 for maintenance, a combined total of $14,130,989.02. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- $400, 000 $191, 700 ---.-----...... -$5, 103 -$9, 473 $13, 208, 063 Cost------- --------- 187,921 301, 259 $341, 933 190, 721 406 1 13, 208,063 Maintenance: Appropriated ...----- 96,000 63,000 85,000 80,000 87, 500 924,380 Cost__----- ------------ 89,058 72, 236 80,687 2 73,295 102,180 922,926 12 Includes $914 for surplus military stock used Erroneously reported without reimbursement from project funds. infiscal year 1953 Annual Report as $73,716. FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1523 24. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Columbia River Basin, Local Protection 1953 (8) Projects. 2. Skagit River, Wash.1---------------- _. ___ 1938 -$8,320,000 3. Coeur d'Alene, Spokane River, Idaho 3 ....... 1942 $152, 872.16-_ ---- (2) 4. Spokane, Spokane River, Wash. - __ 1939 2,944.45 _------------- 78,056 5. St. Maries, St. Joe River, Idaho-_ - - - - 1942 357, 697.93 ..-----....--- (2) 6. Upper Puyallup River, Wash.__---- - -- - - -___- - - 1938 -------- - ----------- _ (4) 7. Raymond, Willapa River, Wash. 5 __ 1950 23, 742.60 ------------- 330, 258 8. Priest Rapids Dam, Columbia River, Wash.. 1953 371, 000, 000 9. Yakima, Yakima River, Wash ....-.. ____... 1948 381, 000.00---------- (2) 10. Snagging and clearing under authority of Sec. 1952 126, 032.25 - - (6) 2 of the Flood Control Act approved Aug. 28, 1937, as amended. 11. Emergency bank-protection works, under 1952 7 429, 039.98 50, 000.00 (6) authority of Sec. 14 of Public Law 526, 79th Congress. 1 Awaiting local cooperation. S Completed and transferred to local interests for maintenance. 3 Project indefinitely deferred because of unsatisfactory foundation conditions. 4 The work has been completed as a Works Progress Administration project, at no cost to the Corps of Engineers. 5 Work deferred as not essential to the defense program. Completion of design for care of interior drainage awaits formulation of plans by city of Raymond for sewage handling facilities. 6 All work now contemplated has been completed. 7 In addition, total funds contributed to date have been $29,637.65, all for new work. S The Flood Control Act approved May 17,1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River Basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in H. Doc. 531, 81st Cong., 2d sess., and author- ized the sum of $75,000,000 to be appropriated for the partial accomplishment of certain projects. Of this authorization, an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 was authorized for the construction of local flood pro- tection works throughout the Columbia River Basin, subject to the conditions that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justified prior to construction, and local cooperation specified in the 1936 Flood Control Act, as amended, shall be required. 25. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. Funds in the amount of $26,350 were allotted during the fiscal year for general investigations. Costs and expenditures for examinations and surveys accom- plished during the year amounted to $19,878.01. The balance unexpended June 30, 1954, $3,243.06 together with any new funds to be allotted for fiscal year 1955 will be applied as needed during fiscal year 1955 to payment of expenses to be in- curred under this heading. Collection and study of basic data. The work programmed for the collection and study of basic data consists of storm studies, sediment studies, hydrologic studies, flood investigations, and in- ternational waters studies. Costs of these studies were $4,102.13, leaving a balance of $1,997.87 which will be applied to studies planned for fiscal year 1955. In general, a larger expenditure was made for flood investigations than initially planned, and re- duced expenditures were made for sediment studies and hydro- logic studies, because of requirements for completing more ur- gent civil works project studies. 1524 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 26. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Annual inspections are made of local flood protection projects, and agencies responsible for their operation and maintenance are advised of any needed repairs. During fiscal year 1954, inspec- tions were made of works on the Nooksack, Skagit, Stillaguamish, Puyallup, Elwha, Dungeness, Nisqually, Hoquiam, Chehalis, Hump- tulips, Wynoochee, Satsop, Willapa, Entiat, Methow, Okanogan, Wenatchee, Yakima, Naches, Pend Oreille, Spokane, St. Joe, Koo- tenai, and Flathead Rivers, and on Lake Coeur d'Alene. The costs were $2,871.03, all for maintenance. Costs to date have been $8,633.53, all for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated_ .$3, 500 $3,600 $1,534 $8, 634 Cost_ - 1,270 $2,230 2,263 2,871 8, 634 27. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Flood control emergencies--repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) Funds were allotted during fiscal year 1954 for work as follows: Kootenai Flats Area, District No. 4, Kootenai River, Idaho: $28,800 (March 25, 1954). Kootenai River, Vicinity of Bonners Ferry, Idaho: $165,000 (June 3, 1954). Funds were revoked during fiscal year 1954 as follows: Jeffries Levee Yakima River below Ellensburg, Wash_........................... $643.43 .. ._- . ,7,120. 55 North Fork, Stillaguamish River near Oso, Wash -....-...................... Pollin Levee, along Kalispel Creek, Cusick, Wash____-__---------._---.... . -- _482. 10 Total allotments to June 30, 1954 amounted to $4,986,582.12 Federal Funds. Operations during the fiscal year included: Kootenai Flats Area, District No. 4, Kootenai River, Idaho: Costs were $980.49 for preliminary engineering work on project providing for repair to damaged levee. Kootenai River, Vicinity of Bonners Ferry, Idaho: Flood fight- ing and rescue work were carried on during the spring flood in 1954. Costs were $92,959.52. Yakima River at Yakima, Wash. final costs ________.____.... .... $334. 22 .__.____. North Fork Stillaguamish River near Oso, Wash.: Adjustment of Federal costs -......................... _ . . ... -1, 379:45 Increase in contributed funds_____------...-.. _____.___ 1, 379. 45 Emergency flood control at various locations ._............. ..... .... ........... 760. 51 FLOOD CONTROL-SEATTLE, WASH., DISTRICT 1525 Total costs during the fiscal year, all for maintenance, amounted to $93,655.29 for Federal funds and $1,379.45 from contributed funds, a total of $95,037.74. Total costs to June 30, 1954, all for maintenance, have been $4,967,745.80, including $4,855,777.29 Federal funds and $111,- 968.51 contributed funds. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June _30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 19501 Maintenance: Appropriated.... --$88,910 $719, 814 $ 91, 705 2 -$13,030 $185, 554 $4, 986, 582 Cost_ _ - 1,069,717 681,212 162,492 42,251 93,655 4,855,777 I Inaddition $62,986 for maintenance was expended from contributed funds. 2 Amount of -$49, 723 reported in fiscal year 1953 Annual Report in anticipation of revocation of $21,693. Actual revocation was $7,602.65. Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Contributed .- - $17, 350 $121, 745 -$40, 506 t $20, 500 -$7, 121 $111, 987 Cost_ - ------- 10,394 74,020 13,155 13,000 1,379 111,987 1 Amount of $12,000 reported in fiscal year 1953 Annual Report in anticipation of return of $8,500 to the State of Washington. Funds in the amount of $7,121 were returned to the State of Washington on January 14, 1954, from the project, Stillaguamish River near Oso Wash. Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) In addition to funds in the amount of $10,850 previously allotted, funds were allotted during fiscal year 1954 as follows: Mission Creek at Cashmere, Wash., $425 (November 1, 1953). Hot Springs Creek, Hot Springs, Mont., $165 (November 1, 1953). Total allotments to June 30, 1954, have been $11,440. Operations during the fiscal year included: Mission Creek at Cashmere, Wash.: Project report studies were revised, and report with favorable recommendations was sub- mitted by the District Engineer March 1, 1954, and concurred in by the Division Engineer on May 19, 1954. Local interests have assured required local cooperation. Costs were $468.51. Costs during the fiscal year were $633.51, including $165 for Hot Springs Creek, Mont., for work completed during the previous fiscal year. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $11,440, all for new work. 1526 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 T( 15 1 1 99 p30, 1950 1951 1952 1913 1954 pi IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE WALLA WALLA, WASHINGTON DISTRICT This district comprises southeastern Washington, exclusive of the watershed of the Columbia River and tributaries above and in- cluding the Yakima River, Wash.; all of Idaho, except the north- ern part and a small southeastern portion; a portion of western Wyoming; a small part of Northwestern Utah; part of northeast- ern Nevada; and a part of eastern Oregon. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood control-Continued Page Page 1. Snake River, Oregon, Wash- 7. Lucky Peak Reservoir, Boise ington, and Idaho------_ 1527 River, Idaho-------------1535 2. McNary Lock and Dam, 8. Grande Ronde Valley, Colum- Columbia River, Oregon .. 1529 bia River Basin, Oregon_... 1536 3. Inactive navigation projects 1531 9. Milton-Freewater, Walla Walla River, Oregon_________ 1537 Flood control 10. Mill Creek, Washington------ 1538 11. Inactive flood control projects_ 1540 4. Columbia River Basin, Local 12. General investigations-- 1540 Flood protection projects___ 1532 13. Inspection of completed flood 5. Heise-Roberts Area, Snake control works---------_ -1540 River, Idaho-------------1533 14. Flood control work under 6. Portneuf River and Marsh special authorization -____ 1541 Creek, Columbia River Basin, Idaho____________ 1534 1. SNAKE RIVER, OREG., WASH., AND IDAHO Location. The Snake River, which is the largest tributary of Columbia River, rises in Yellowstone National Park, in the west- ern part of Wyoming, flows in a general westerly direction for about 1,000 miles and empties into Columbia River near Pasco, Wash., 324 miles from the Pacific Ocean. (See U. S. Geological Survey maps of Oregon, Washington and Idaho.) Previous projects. No formal project for the improvement of Snake River was adopted by Congress prior to the act of June 13, 1902. Subsequent projects were adopted by River and Harbor Acts of June 13, 1902, June 25, 1910 and August 30, 1935. For further details see page 1991 of Annual Report for 1915, page 1849 of Annual Report for 1938 and page 2676 of Annual Report for 1948. Existing project. This provides for the construction of such dams as are necessary and open-channel improvement for pur- poses of providing slack water navigation and irrigation between the mouth of Snake River and Lewiston, Idaho. The pool formed by McNary Dam will provide slack water from the mouth of Snake River to mile 9.7. For maintenance purposes the project also provides for any necessary work on the River between Lewis- ton and Johnson's Bar, Idaho, as authorized under previous proj- ects. No channel dimensions are specified above Lewiston. A 1527 1528 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 system of four dams between the mouth of Snake River and Lewiston has been approved. The estimated total cost, revised in 1954 including the installation of three power units at each dam is as follows: Dam . 1, Ice Harbor, river mile 9.7-..------------...----...--... ----- $142, 000, 000 Dam 2, Lower Monumental, river mile 44.7..-.........------------------ 123, 000, 000 Dam ....... .....--------- 139, 000, 000 3, Little Goose, river mile 72.2----.. ------.... ----...... Dam 4, Lower Granite, river mile 113.1. . ......................--------------------- 116,000,000 Total ..........---------------... .................---------------------------. 520, 000, 000 The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 704, 75th Cong., 3d Sess.) Local cooperation. No conditions were imposed by law. Terminal facilities. From the mouth of Snake River to Riparia, 67 miles, there-are no wharves or warehouses on the river banks. From Riparia to Lewiston, Idaho, 73 miles, there are no wharves, but there are public and privately owned warehouses and grain elevators located at Penawawa, mile 91.5, Lewiston, mile 140, Asotin. mile 146 and between Asotin and 11 miles above. Just above Lewiston, mile 140.5, there is a privately owned 40 by 60 foot wharf. On the left bank between Riparia and Lewiston there are several wheat warehouses formerly used for storage of wheat to be transferred to the railroad on the right bank. Operationsand results during fiscal year. Limited preliminary design and cost estimate studies of project features for Ice Harbor as presented in Design Memorandum No. 1, General Plan and De- tailed Cost Estimate, were continued in accordance with recom- mendations contained in OCE approval of this report, dated 25 March 1953, and supplemental authority granted 16 January 1953. This work is approximately 20 percent complete and will be in- corporated in revisions to the Design Memorandum when complete. Costs for the fiscal year were $9,778 for new work. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction has not been initiated at any of the four dam sites. Engineering and design of Ice Harbor Dam is approximately 18 percent complete. Hydraulic design and model studies have been initiated and the preliminary stage of an architect engineer powerhouse design contract has been completed. Plans and Specifications for the first step coffer- dam are 75 percent complete. Engineering and design studies for dams 2, 3, and 4 are in a preliminary stage only. Preliminary plans on real estate, flowage, and relocations covering the four dams have been completed and submitted to higher authority. Total costs under the existing project have been as follows: Description of work New work Maintenance Site Selection, lands and damages (all dams)-- $587, 500 Ice Harbor Dam (dam 1) -- 855, 837 Lower Monumental Dam (dam 2) - _43, 166 _- Maintenance of channel between Lewiston and Johnson's Bar $9, 825 Total costs .......................... _.- _ 1, 486, 503 9,825 FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1529 Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 2 New work: Appropriated ...-... $225, 000 $87,611 -$240, 438 $140,000 $50,000 $1,971,936 Cost---------------- 109,792 34,895 93 131,152 9,778 1,921,266 Maintenance: Appropriated .. Cost- - -4,602 _ 6, 000 5, 000 -5, 000 ... ------------ 214,947 235 336 433 214,553 I Includes $434,763 for new work and $204,728 for maintenance on previous projects. 2 In addition $85,000 for new work was expended on previous projects from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_---------_ - $49,070 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ ------------- ----------- 49,070 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ 518,028,064 2. McNARY LOCK AND DAM, COLUMBIA RIVER, OREG. Location. The site of this project is on the Columbia River, 292 miles above the mouth, near Umatilla, Oreg., and 3 miles above the mouth of the Umatilla River. Existing project. This project includes a dam, power plant, navigation lock, and appurtenant facilities for purposes of naviga- tion, power development, and incidental irrigation. The proposed improvement provides principally for the improvement of naviga- tion, creation of pool extending approximately 64 miles upstream to a point about 27 miles above Pasco, Wash. The dam, which will raise the normal water surface approximately 85 feet to elevation 340 mean sea level, will be approximately 7,600 feet long and will consist of an earth dam at the Oregon (south) abutment, a power- house, a spillway dam, a navigation lock, and an earth dam at the Washington (north) abutment. Suitable facilities for migrating fish, including fish ladders, will be provided. The powerhouse installation will comprise 14 units of 70,000 kilowatts each, making a total installed capacity of 980,000 kilo- watts. The spillway dam will be 1,310 feet long and will be located in the north channel of the river. The overflow crest at 291 feet above sea level will be surmounted by 22 spillway gates canablo of releasing the design flood of 2,200,000 cubic feet per second. The deck will be at elevation 361 and will provide a service roadway and tracks for the operation of two gantry cranes. The navigation lock will be a single type and will operate at all flows less than 800,000 cubic feet per second. The pool created by the spillway dam will provide navigable channel with depths of 12 feet and over, between McNary Dam and the confluence of the Yakima River, a distance of approximately 48 miles. A controlling depth of 9 feet will be provided on Snake River from its mouth to a point approximately 10.2 miles above. All structures will be founded on a massive basalt flow that reaches a maximum thickness of 130 feet and directly overlies a 1530 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 sedimentary interbed. The principal data concerning the naviga- tion lock and spillway dam are shown in the following table: Navigation lock Type. -----------............----------------------- Single lift. Dimensions: Net clear width of chamber................___ _____________ 86 feet. Net clear length------------------ ...................................----- 675 feet. Lift (vertical): At extreme low water and normal pool-.....---.._-92 feet. At mean annual flow (190,000 cubic feet per second) -------............------..-----......................... 84.4 feet. At average maximum flow (550,000 cubic feet per second) .... ------------------------- 72.3 feet. Depth over miter sill at adopted low water (43,000 cubic feet per second)-.. ------------...-.. _ 12 feet. Depth over upper sill at normal pool (elevation 340) 20 feet. Character of foundation......._...........................-------------------- Basalt flow. Spillway dam Overall length of spillway dam section---.-.-.-.-... 1,310 feet. Type of construction-----------------------... Concrete gravity. Elevation spillway crest--..__...-......----....-... .. 291 feet above mean sea level. Elevation deck______________...................... ........... 361 feet above mean sea level. Height, maximum (foundation to deck)_ -........ 158 feet. ___...... Type of control---.... --.............. __ __. .... Fixed wheel segmental lift gates. Number of gates............ ...........-------------------------- 22. Size of gates-----....... ---------... .. .. 50 by 53 feet. ---------------............... Stilling basin type..._____......-.... .............. __ Concrete apron with baffles. Normal pool elevation-... --.-.- __ __......_ --... 340 feet above mean sea level. Maximum pool elevation-- _--.-.-----............... 356.5 feet above mean sea level. Maximum spillway capacity at normal pool ele- vation ....--............................------------------------------.... 1,480,000 cubic feet per second. Maximum spillway capacity at maximum pool ele- vation .. ................................... ..... 2,200,000 cubic feet per second. The estimated cost of the dam, navigation lock, 14-power unit generating installation, flshways, and attendant buildings and grounds, revised in 1954 is $287,300,000. The existing project was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved March 2, 1945. (See H. Doc. 704, 75th Cong., 3d sess.) Operations and results during fiscal year. New work: Placing of concrete in powerhouse structure, nonoverflow dam, spillway dam and navigation lock upstream miter sill is complete except the embedding of turbine parts. Installation of second pumping units in fishway pumphouse was completed and work is progress- ing on the third unit. Installation of turbines, generators, electrical eauipment, fish- way pump, piping, and fish collection system control equipment is in progress by several contractors. Contract work in connection with Kennewick levees and pump- ing plants was completed. Maintenance: The pool was raised to minimum operating level of elevation 335 on November 4, 1953. The project was placed on a permanent operation basis on December 1, 1953, and has been in continuous operation throughout the balance of the fiscal year. Counting of fish, using the two ladders at the dam, was initiated in March 1954. The first four power units were placed in com- FLOOD CONTROL--WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1531 mercial operation on the following dates: November 6, 1953, De- cember 26, 1953, April 10, 1954, and June 16, 1954. Total costs during the fiscal year were $41,157,966 for new work and $468,146 for maintenance. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of existing proj- ect which was started May 5, 1947, is now approximately 86 per- cent complete. Work on the Washington shore including the navigation lock is 99 percent complete. Fish facilities are complete except for in- stallation of operating and control equipment. The following structures have been completed: north and south embankments, spillway structure, powerhouse and intake structure and fishway pumphouse building. The following relocations have been com- pleted: 80.8 miles of railroad, 42.5 miles of State highway and County roads, and 57 miles of power and communication lines. Construction of levees is complete. The project was placed on a permanent operation basis on De- cember 1, 1953. The pool was raised to elevation 340 on Decem- ber 6, 1953. The first four power units were in commercial oper- ation June 16, 1954. Total costs have been $246,351,186 for new work and $468,146 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated-_ __-$35, 000,000 $39,610,000 $42, 900,000 $62, 604,000 1$26,350,000 1$244,039,000 Cost - - - 36,791,573 40,305, 923 55,o813,617 50,696,511 41,157,966 246,351,186 Maintenance: Appropriated ..... . . .. . . . 479,000 479,000 Cost-.. _ . - ---------- --------- -.......... 468,146 468,146 1 Excludes $4,573,000 allotted on a loan basis, and includes $1,924,000 revoked for Bureau of the Budget Reserve. 2 Includes repayment of $3,700,000 advanced funds. Balance of $873,000 to be repaid from fiscal year 1956 funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ - $3,636 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ _ 2 24,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955______________________________ -______ 24,003,636 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project _____________________________ 19,261,000 3. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last - I Estimated Name of project full report amount seeannual i Operation required to report for-- Construction and complete maintenance Umatilla Harbor. .......---------------------------- 1952---------------------------- $575,000 1No funds appropriated for work. 1532 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 4. COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, LOCAL FLOOD PROTECTION PROJECTS Location. The improvements included in this project are lo- cated along the Columbia River and its tributaries. Existing project. The Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, approved a general comprehensive plan for the Columbia River basin for flood control and other purposes as set forth in House Document 531, 81st Congress, 2d session, and authorized the sum of $75,000,000 to be appropriated for the partial accom- plishment of certain projects. Of this authorization, an amount not to exceed $15,000,000 was authorized for the construction of local flood protection works throughout the Columbia River Basin, subject to the conditions that all work undertaken pursuant to this authority shall be economically justified prior to construction, and local cooperation specified in the 1936 Flood Control Act, as amended, shall- be required. Protection to the following areas, located in the Walla Walla District, is being considered under this latter authorization: Project Federal cost Grande Ronde Valley, Oreg. - $4, 630, 000 Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho 1, 193, 000 Umatilla River, Oregon ___ -- ___-____--___________ ------ _____ ----- ________________ 1, 105, 000 Touchet River, Wash_ 492, 000 Heise-Roberts Extension, Idaho 4, 623, 000 Boise Valley, Idaho ..__---------------------------- 5, 541, 000 Lower Walla Walla River, Wash 372, 000 Blackfoot Area, Snake River, Idaho _ . . . ________ .__________ .. ___ __ 74, 000 Blackfoot River, Idaho _________-... ... __........ ___________________ ..... 451, 000 Shelley Area, Idaho......------------------------------------------------------------ 51, 000 Little Wood River, Idaho__ ................. . __________.............. .... . 186, 000 Kendrick, Potlatch River, Idaho-........................ ....-.-----.... 76, 000 Mill Creek, Wash .... .. .. . ..-----------------------.-------------------------- - 113, 000 Payette Valley, Idaho ...----------------------------------- -------------- ---- 1, 103, 000 Teton River, Idaho----- ------------------------------------------------------ 687, 000 Malheur River, Oregon -------------------------------------------------------- 432, 000 South Fork, Clearwater River, Idaho_____ ________ __ .____________ . . . . 102, 000 Palouse River, Wash ---------------------------------------------------------- 515, 000 Mud Lake Area, Idaho .... ------------- 676, 000 Weiser River, Idaho ---------------------------------------------------------- 788, 000 Whitebird Creek, Idaho_ ._____ ._____ - ------------------------ _.-- ._____..__ __ 64, 000 Camas Creek, Idaho 688, 000 ...............----------------------------------------------------..... 1 The economic justification of work proposed for this area has been established in compliance with con- ditions set forth in the Flood Control Act of 1950. See individual report for details of this project. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies to all the flood control projects. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were initiated during the fiscal year on the Portneuf River and Marsh Creek Location, Idaho. Design memorandum was ini- tiated during the fiscal year on the Grande Ronde Valley, Oreg. Justification Reports were initiated on the following locations, Teton River, Idaho, Weiser River, Idaho, Mill Creek, Wash., and Lower Walla Walla River, Wash. Total costs for the fiscal year were $37,352. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Plans and specifications have been initiated on the Portneuf River and Marsh Creek Location, FLOOD CONTROL--WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1533 Idaho. Design memorandum has been initiated on the Grande Ronde Valley, Oreg. Justification reports are in progress on the following projects, Teton River, Idaho, Weiser River, Idaho, Mill Creek, Wash., and Lower Walla Walla River, Wash. Total costs have been $37,352. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ------------------------------------------------ $60,000 $60,000 Cost---------------- -------- --------------------- 37,352 37,352 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $21,973 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 _ - - 80,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 - - 101,973 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion b of existing project $------------------- 5. HEISE-ROBERTS AREA, SNAKE RIVER, IDAHO Location. This project is located on both banks of the Snake River between the towns of Heise and Roberts in eastern portion of Idaho, approximately 20 miles northeast of Idaho Falls, Idaho. Existing project. This provides for channel improvement of the Snake River at selected points between Heise and Roberts, Idaho, by channel clearing, alinement changes, levee construction and bank protection works. This work is a part of a multipurpose project on the Snake River, Idaho, which also includes the con- struction of the Palisades Dam by the Bureau of Reclamation for operation in the combined interest of flood control, irrigation, and power. The existing project was authorized by Flood Control Act ap- proved December 22, 1944 (H. Doc. 452, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). The estimate of cost revised in 1953 is $1,575,905 for construction. The cost of lands and damages is to be paid by local interests. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation have been furnished. Operations and results during fiscal year. Special report on project adequacy is approximately 98 percent complete. Construc- tion on emergency controls on outlets through flood walls were completed. Total costs for the fiscal year were $4,821. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project as described in Definite Project Report entitled "Heise-Roberts and Weiser Areas, Snake River, Idaho" January 29, 1948, is 100 per- cent complete. Construction on emergency controls on outlets through flood walls, being done by hired labor, was completed. Total costs have been $1,575,481. 1534 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New works: Appropriated -__ $340,300 $ 9,000 $78,000 -$1,095 ------------ $1,575, 905 Cost---------------- 207, 792 177,416 54,468 32,384 $4, 821 1,575,481 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_-------------- $424 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955-------- ------------------------------------------- 424 6. PORTNEUF RIVER AND MARSH CREEK, COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, IDAHO Location. This project is located at three areas along the Port- neuf River and along the entire length of its main tributary, Marsh Creek, all in Southeastern Idaho. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel straightening and improvement, removal of obstructions and construction of new levees and revetments or improvements to existing levees in the Blackrock area, in and adjacent to the city of Pocatello, Idaho, and in the vicinity of Inkom, Idaho, all of the Portneuf River, and channel improvement along the entire length of Marsh Creek. The existing project was authorized under the Columbia River Basin Plan by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950, (Pub- lic Law 516, 81st Cong., 2 sess.) subject to economic justification. Justification was provided by a survey report completed in fiscal year 1953. The estimated cost revised in 1954 is $1,193,000 for construction. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. Operations and results during fiscal year. Plans and specifica- tions were initiated during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $17,766. Condition at end of fiscal year. Plans and specifications have been initiated. Total costs have been $17,766. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June __ _ _ _ _0, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New works: Appropriated...------------------------------------ ----------- $20, 000 $20, 000 Cost------- ------------------------------------------------ 17,766 17, 766 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_------------ $1,559 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------__ 25,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------------- __ -- 26,559 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project_ 1, 148,000 FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1535 7. LUCKY PEAK RESERVOIR, BOISE RIVER, IDAHO Location. On the Boise River in southwestern Idaho approxi- mately 9 miles southeast of the city of Boise, and approximately 12 miles downstream from Arrowrock Reservoir. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of a rolled earth-fill dam approximately 250 feet high and 1,700 feet long at the crest, with a reservoir providing a total storage, at normal pool level, of 306,000 acre-feet. The spillway will be located on the left abutment and will be designed to pass 123,000 cubic feet per second at maximum pool. Its discharge will be controlled by automatically operated tainter gates. The outlet works are to be located on the left abutment and consists of a tunnel controlled by Howell-Bunger valves. The plan contemplates the joint use of storage in Lucky Peak, Arrowrock, and Anderson Ranch Reservoirs. Operations of the dam as a flood control facility will be by the Department of the Army under the direction of the Secretary of the Army with the understanding that complete or partial joint use of the storage in the three reservoirs may be undertaken at such time as may be agreed upon by the Secretary of the Army, Secretary of the In- terior, and local interests concerned with flood control and use of irrigation water. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved July 24, 1946. The latest (1954) approved estimate project cost is $19,400,000. Local cooperation. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. Operationsand results during fiscal year. The contract for the completion of the diversion channel, cofferdams, main dam, and excavation of the spillway was completed in December 1953. The contract for the construction of the manifold, penstock, intake tower, bridge, spillway, and completion of the intake tower has advanced from 14 percent to 65 percent complete. Delivery of slide gates and materials to be furnished under contract for hoist- ing machinery and appurtenances was initiated in June. Con- struction work on relocation of Highway 21 was completed, except for final surfacing, and opened to traffic. Mores Creek Bridge was completed and opened to traffic. Relocation of Arrowrock County Roads was completed and opened to traffic. A contract for the relocation of Robie Creek Road was awarded and completed during the fiscal year. The major work to be accomplished by the Bureau of Reclamation has been accomplished. Total costs for the fiscal year were $3,670,796. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project, which was initiated in November 1949, is now 83 percent complete. The following construction work at the project has been completed: Control and diversion tunnel, March 1951; Lower portion of intake tower, July 1952; Diversion channel, cofferdams, main dam, and excavation of spillway, December 1953; Relocated Highway 21 was opened to traffic in October; all work with excep- tion of final surfacing and final painting on Mores Creek Bridge was completed; Arrowrock Road relocation and Robie Creek Roads were completed. The contract for the completion of outlet works, Sig 49-1535-1566 1536 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 intake tower, penstock, manifold, intake bridge, and spillway ad- vanced from 14 percent to 65 percent complete. Status of supply contracts for furnishing gates and appurtenances are as follows: Emergency gates, delivery complete, slide gate and control equip- ment, delivery initiated in June; hoisting machinery for emergency gate, delivery of first items made in June. Work being accom- plished by Bureau of Reclamation at Arrowrock Dam 90 percent complete. Total cost has been $16,035,586. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-....... $3,000,000 $2, 400,000 $3,800,000 $4,975,000 1$1, 500,000 s $16,455,000 Cost,---------------, 099375 3 499,736 2,784,969 4,482,800 3,670,796 16,035,586 1 Includes $152,853 repayment of funds advanced on a loan basis and $347,147 revoked for Bureau of the Budget reserve. 5Excludes $500,000 allotted on a loan basis. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954----......------------- $314, 553 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955......-....... 1,750,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------.......................---------------................................................-----------................. 2,064, 553 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project................................--------------------------------............................................ 1,195,000 8. GRANDE RONDE VALLEY, COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN, OREG. Location. This project is located along Grande Ronde River; Catherine, Willow and Ladd Creeks; and lower reaches of several small tributaries, all in the eastern part of Oregon. Existing project. This project provides for channel improve- ment and construction of levees on both banks of Grande Ronde River between LaGrande and Elgin; on Catherine Creek through Union downstream, including the old channel of Grande Ronde River; on Willow and Ladd Creeks; and on the lower reaches of several small tributaries. The existing project was authorized under the Columbia River Basin Plan by the Flood Control Act approved May 17, 1950 (Pub- lic Law 516, 81st Congress, 2d Sess.) subject to economic justifica- tion. The economic justification of this work has recently been established. The estimated cost revised in 1954 is $4,630,000 for construction. The costs of rights-of-way and highway and utility revisions will be paid by local interests. Local cooperation. Section 3 of the Flood Control Act approved June 22, 1936, as amended, applies. In addition to the usual re- quirements local interests are required to accomplish, at their own expense, any highway and utility revision. Operations and results during fiscal year. Design memoran- dum was initiated during the fiscal year. Total costs during the fiscal year were $967. Condition at end of fiscal year. Design memorandum has been initiated. Total costs have been $967. FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1537 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated_ Apopria ---- . - --------------------------------------------- Cost------------------- ---------------------------------------------- _ $10 $10,000 967 $10,000 967 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954__ $9,033 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------ 20,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955--------_ -------------- ---------------- 29,033 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for comple- tion of existing project -------- ------------------------ $4,600,000 9. MILTON-FREEWATER, WALLA WALLA RIVER, OREG. Location. On both banks of the Walla Walla River between Joe West and McCoy Bridges in the vicinity of Freewater and Milton, Oreg., 8 miles south of Walla Walla, Wash. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for chan- nel rectification and improvement of approximately 7 miles of Walla Walla River in the vicinity of the towns of Milton and Freewater, Oreg. The lower 5.3 miles, between McCoy Bridge and the Milton power plant, will be protected by levees with necessary revetment and channel improvement designed for a flood of 18,600 cubic feet per second. The upper 1.7 miles, extending from the Milton power plant upstream to Joe West Bridge, will be improved by some channel clearing and rectification. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved August 18, 1941, House Document 719, Seventy-sixth Congress, Third Session. The latest (1953) approved estimate of cost is $890,000 for con- struction, and $59,600 for lands and damages to be paid by local interests. The project will provide protection for the towns of Milton and Freewater and for other lower-lying areas in the Walla Walla River Valley from Milton, Oreg., to McCoy bridge against floods with a discharge about two times as great as that of the maximum flood of record, which occurred in 1931. Local cooperation. Assurances of local cooperation have been furnished. Local interests have contributed $6,300 to cover the cost of their portion of diversion structures. Operations and results during fiscal year. No work was ac- complished during the fiscal year. Total costs for the fiscal year were $14, all for new work. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of levee and channel improvement has been completed throughout sections 1 to 6 inclusive. This includes all levees and revetments on the project. Remaining work consists of channel improvement form the up- stream limit of the project to station 108. This work is indefi- nitely postponed pending reopening by sponsors. 1538 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Total costs have been $884,704 for new work. In addition costs for new work from contributed funds amounted to $6,300. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 19501 New work: Appropriated........ 640,000- _. -$125, 000 ------------ $890,000 Cost----------------- 388,853 $273,981 $123,106 148 $14 884, 704 1In addition $6,300 for new work was expended from contributed funds. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_-- -------- $3,896 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955---------------------------------------------------- 3,896 10. MILL CREEK, WASH. Location. Near Walla Walla, Wash., on Mill Creek, a tributary of the Walla Walla River. Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for con- struction of flood control works consisting of a storage dam, out- let works, diversion works, division structures and improvement of a stretch of Mill Creek Channel, including the reconstruction of the Otis and Merriam Street Bridges across Mill Creek in the city of Walla Walla, Wash. The storage dam, which forms a reservoir of 6,000 acre-feet capacity, is a rolled earth fill structure 145 feet high, 3,200 feet long at the crest, and 800 feet wide at the base. Flood water is diverted storage by means of diversion work on Mill Creek con- sisting of a rolled earth fill dam 1,700 feet long and 20 feet high, with a concrete spillway section and headworks at the left abut- ment, and a concrete-lined canal leading from the headworks to the storage reservoir. Stored water is subsequently released through outlet works consisting of a steel-lined concrete conduit through the base of the storage dam and a canal 5,900 feet in length from the dam to Mill Creek. The normal flow of water past the diversion works is apportioned, by means of two concrete divi- sion structures, to the three delta streams, Yellowhawk, Garrison, and Mill Creek. The project will control the entire Mill Creek drainage area of 85 square miles and care for a flood of 11.400 second-feet. The existing project was authorized by the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938. The Flood Control Act ap- proved August 18, 1941, modified the project in accordance with the recommendations of the Chief of Engineers in House Docu- FLOOD CONTROL-WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1539 ment 719, Seventy-sixth Congress, third session. Cost of the com- pleted project was $2,162,155. Local cooperation. For the project, except for Mill Creek through the city of Walla Walla, section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved June 28, 1938, applies. For the section of Mill Creek through the city of Walla Walla, Wash., local interests will provide without cost to the United States all lands, easements, and rights- of-way necessary for construction of the project, and hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from improvement. Assurances of compliance with these require- ments received from local interests were approved by the Division Engineer, March 2, 1948. Local interests have contributed $80,000 toward the cost of channel improvement through the city of Walla Walla. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Piez- ometer and seepage studies were conducted. Ordinary maintenance and repairs were continued. Reservoir regulation was routine ex- cept for diversion for bed sealing. Stream flow was normal. Res- ervoir regulation manual was resubmitted for approval in March 1954. Total cost for the fiscal year was $17,459, all for maintenance. Conditions at end of fiscal year. Construction of the dam and appurtenant works was completed in 1942. An auxiliary outlet canal from the dam to Russell Creek and construction of additional drainage at the toe of the dam were completed in 1944. Paving of the channel through City of Walla Walla was completed in 1948. Compaction of reservoir area, installation of seepage relief wells, grouting of interior drains, and installation of a new sluice gate were completed in 1949 and 1950. Diversion of water for bed seal- ing operations carried out during 1952. Total cost has been $2,559,879, of which $2,162,155 was for new work and $397,724 for maintenance. In addition, costs for new work from contributed funds amounted to $80,000. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total'to June 30, 1954, includ- ingrfiscalyears 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 1 New work: Appropriated ____ $ 58,800 -$95, 439 $2, 162, 155 Cost----.-_____- 36,433 4,011 . . _ _2,162,155 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- _ 18,000 -7, 000 $15, 000 $17, 200 $13,500 399,600 Cost---.------------- 196,696 23,245 14,899 17,290 17,459 397,724 1 In addition $80,000 was expended for new work from contributed funds. 1540 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 11. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated full report amount Name of project see annual Operation required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance Jackson Hole, Wyoming----------------------- 1953 --------------------------- $2, 000, 000 Pullman, Palouse River, Washington ..--------- - 1953 $49, 267 ----------- 1, 460,733 Colfax, Palouse River, Washington--------------............... 1953 73,851 22,386, 149 Pendleton, Umatilla River, Oregon... _........... 1939 143,263 -..... (1) Dayton, Touchet River, Washington............. 1953 16,064 2 548,936 Malheur Improvement District near Weiser, Snake River, Idaho....._____------------1949 319-------------- 51,681 Pilot Rock, Birch Creek, Oregon.___, -- _ - - 1949 3,700 _ 147,300 Pendleton, Umatilla River, Oregon....... _ 1950 -------------------------- 633, 000 Lewiston-Clarkston Levees .._____________ .... ___. 1950- 23,910,000 1 Completed. 2 No funds appropriated for work. 12. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. Total costs of work during the fis- cal year for examinations and surveys were $161,464 and expendi- tures were $161,464. Total funds unexpended as of June 30, 1954, amounting to $183 plus an allotment of $60,400, or a total of $60,583, will be applied during the fiscal year to examinations and surveys. Collection and study of basic data. Total costs of work during the fiscal year for the collection and study of basic data were $1,923 and expenditures were $1,923. A total of five reconnaissance trips were made during the fiscal year to define the snow line at various times during the snow-melt period. Pictures were taken at representative locations for com- parison of snow field condition at various times. The extent of the snow field was plotted on sectional aeronautical charts and a draw- ing was prepared to preserve information on snow line locations and elevations. It is anticipated that the data obtained on these trips will be utilized in hydrograph reconstitutions and in future years as a basis for forecasting runoff and stream flows. Total funds unexpended as of June 30, 1954, amounting to $77, plus an allotment of $2,100, or a total of $2,177 will be applied during the fiscal year 1955 to the collection and study of basic data. 13. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Allotments totaling $2,500 have been received previously for in- spection of various completed flood control works to insure that projects are being maintained by local interests. Operations during the fiscal year 1954 consisted of inspections of flood control works at the following locations: Touchet River, Wash., Milton-Freewater, Walla Walla River, Oreg., and Mill Creek, Wash. Total cost during the fiscal year 1954 was $324. FLOOD CONTROL---WALLA WALLA, WASH., DISTRICT 1541 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated-------....------------ $1, 500 ------------.. $1, 000 $2, 500 Cost--------.... .......----------------- -- 175 $579 652 $324 1,730 14. FLOOD CONTROL WORK UNDER SPECIAL AUTHORIZATION Snagging and clearing of navigable streams and tributaries in the interests of flood control. (Sec. 13 of the 1946 Flood Control Act.) In addition to funds previously allotted amounting to $212,422, funds in the amount of $33,400 were allotted during fiscal year 1954, making a total of $245,822, all for new work. In addition, local interests at Waitsburg, Wash., have contributed $20,000 to cover cost of their portion of Touchet River project. Channel clearing and snagging was completed at Owyhee River, Oreg. Plans and specifications were completed for Phil Ford and Salubria Cove Locations, Weiser River, Idaho as well as prepara- tory work by local interests. Total costs from Federal funds during the fiscal year have been $51,086. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $214,794, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated .------------------ $70,000 ------------ 35, 561 $33, 400 1$245, 822 Cost ...-------------------------- 39,090 $16, 471 1,286 51,086 1214,794 1 In addition $20,000 was expended from contributed funds by local interests for Touchet River at Waitsburg, Wash. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_----------- $30,883 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__------------------------------------------------- 30,883 Small flood control projects not specifically authorized by Con- gress. (Section 212 of the 1950 Flood Control Act.) A revocation in the amount of $4,400 was made during fiscal year 1954 from a total previously allotted of $166,969, plus a new allotment of $274,050, making a total of $436,619 for work under this authorization for fiscal year 1954. Operations during the fiscal year. Plans and specifications were completed for Tomanovich-Salmon City Location, Salmon River, Idaho; Gooding-Shoshone, Big and Little Wood Rivers, Idaho. Project reports were partially completed for Dry Creek Location, Tributary of the Walla Walla River, Wash.; Deep Creek Location, Potlatch, Idaho; Bancroft Location, Portneuf River, Idaho. 1542 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Total costs during the fiscal year have been $69,859. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $191,411, all for new work. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June . .. . ... 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated -------- $100, 000 $14,000 $120, 093 -$67, 124 $269,650 $436,619 Cost----------------- 12,759 71,352 22,888 14,553 69,859 191,411 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_-------------- $245,207 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 --------------------------------------------- 245,207 Flood control emergencies---Repairand flood fighting and rescue work. (Section 210 of the 1950 Flood Control Act and supple- mental authorizations.) In addition to funds previously allotted in the amount of $2,527,- 179, funds in the amount of $33,205 were allotted during the fiscal year, making a total of $2,560,384, all for maintenance. Plans and specifications were completed on Ford Smith and Galloway Locations, Weiser River, Idaho. Design and construc- tion were completed for placement of revetment stone at Jackson Hole Area, Snake River, Wyoming and Fullmer Location, Heise Roberts Area, Snake River, Idaho. Emergency flood fights were carried on at Wilson Area and Jackson-Wilson Bridge, Jackson Hole, Wyoming and on Payette River, Idaho. Total costs during the fiscal year have been $80,234. Total costs to June 30, 1954, have been $2,534,245. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated ....... $136,513 $ 84,247 $46, 219 $134, 659 $33, 205 $2, 560,384 Cost ---------------- _ 214, 164 155,891 80,654 132,114 80, 234 12,534,245 1 In addition $64,000 formaintenance was expended from contributed funds-$44,000 for Touchet River at Dayton, Washington and $20,000 for Boise River, Silver Bridge, Idaho. IMPROVEMENT OF RIVERS AND HARBORS IN THE ALASKA DISTRICT This District consists of the Territory of Alaska. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Flood Control Page Page 1. Nome Harbor, Alaska_.....-.-....... 1543 4. Salmon River, Alaska..-----...---..... 1547 2. Harbor of refuge, Seward, Alaska 1545 5. Inactive flood control projects.... 1549 3. Inactive navigation projects-.. 1547 6. General investigations................ 1549 7. Inspection of completed proj- ects.............................................. 1550 1. NOME HARBOR, AASKA Location. Nome Harbor is situated at the mouth of Snake River on the northerly shore of Norton Sound, an arm of Bering Sea. It is a shallow, open roadstead, 581 nautical miles north of Dutch Harbor and 2,288 nautical miles northwest of Seattle, Wash. (See U. S. Coast & Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 9302, 9380 and 9381.) Existing project. This provides for two jetties, the easterly, 951 feet long and the westerly, not exceeding 676 feet long, at the mouth of the Snake River; a channel 8 feet deep at mean lower low water and 75 feet wide from Norton Sound through Snake River to the mouths of Bourbon and Dry Creeks, in the City of Nome, termi- nating in a basin of similar depth 250 feet wide and 600 feet long, revetting the banks of the river; and protecting all existing water front improvements on the easterly beach by means of a rock- mound seawall 3,350 feet long extending easterly from the east jetty. The extreme tidal range is 2.8 feet and the range between mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 1.15 feet, but water levels are influenced more by wind than tide. Levels of 7 feet below mean lower low water have been observed during off- shore winds, and a level of 14 feet above mean lower low water has been observed during a southerly storm. The latest (1954) approved estimate of cost for new work is $2,200,000. The latest (1952) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance, exclusive of the seawall, which is to be maintained by local interests, is $67,500, including $20,000 for annual mainte- nance of the authorized extensions to the jetties, but excluding $2,500 to be contributed by the City of Nome. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: 1543 1544 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 1 Acts Work authorized Documents and reports Aug. 8, 1917 For 2 jetties, the easterly 335 feet and the westerly H. Doc. 1932, 64th Cong., 2d sess. 460 feet long; revetment, channel, and basin 200 feet wide and 250 feet long. Aug. 30,1935 Extension of the jetties and basin__---------------- H. Doc. 404, 71st Cong., 2d sess., and Rivers and Harbors Com- mittee, Doc. 38, 73d Cong., 2d sess. June 16, 1948 Seawall____________ _____________ ________....... ..... Report of the Chief of Engineers dated Mar. 8, 1948. Contains latest published maps. Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of August 8, 1917, which authorized the initial improvement, the city of Nome furnished evidence, accepted by the Secretary of War on December 22, 1917, that it would con- tribute $2,500 annually toward the maintenance of the improve- ments and furnish all lands or easements necessary to the proper execution of the work. These conditions have been met annually as required. In accordance with the provisions of the River and Harbor Act of June 16, 1948, which authorized the seawall, local interests are required to furnish without cost to the United States, the neces- sary lands, easements, rights-of-way, and quarry rights; accom- plish without expense to the United States, alterations as may be required to utility facilites; agree to hold and save the United Sates free from any claims for damages that may result from construc- tion of the project; and agree to maintain the works after com- pletion. These conditions have been met. Terminal facilities. Cargoes and passengers from ocean vessels are lightered to and from shore a distance of about 2 miles. Traf- fic enters the dredged channel and is handled over the revetment, where transfer facilities that are open to public use have been in- stalled by a lighterage company. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. There was no new work during the fiscal year. Maintenance was performed by Government plant and hired labor, July through November 5, 1953 and April through June 1954, and consisted of dredging 18,800 cu. yds., at a cost of $39,143 and continuing revetment repairs and patching the east jetty at a cost of $6,871. Total maintenance costs for the fiscal year, which in- cluded $6,953 for operations and ordinary maintenance were $55,- 472, of which $52,972 was from Federal funds and $2,500 from contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The project is 62 percent com- plete. Construction of the original 335- and 460-foot jetties and the revetments was commenced in 1919 and completed in 1923. Reconstruction of the jetties with concrete to modified lengths of 240 feet and 400 feet was completed in 1940. Dredging of the channel and the original 200- by 250-foot basin was commenced in 1919 and completed in 1922. Construction of the seawall was commenced in 1949 and completed in June 1951. Dredging of the 400-foot extension of the basin was commenced FLOOD CONTROL-ALASKA DISTRICT 1545 in 1949 and is complete with the exception of small areas in the northerly portion of the small boat harbor extension and around the Corps of Engineers marine ways. Timber revetments have shown progressive deterioration and have been refaced with sheet steel piling. The east jetty was re- paired in 1954 with a concrete fill. The work remaining to be done to complete the project is to dredge two small areas in the 400-foot extension of the basin in the northerly portion of the small boat harbor extension and around the Corps of Engineers marine ways and to extend the jetties to their authorized lengths. The costs from Federal funds to June 30, 1954 have been $1,348,- 240 for new work and $1,291,916 for maintenance, a total of $2,- 640,156. The costs from contributed funds have been $125 for new work and $80,000 for maintenance, a total of $80,125. Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated _...... $701, 000 $464, 000 -$89, 710------------------------ I $1, 348,240 Cost- - - 333,689 738,839 2,763 ------------------------ 1,348,240 Maintenance: Appropriated -ost . 40, 000 45,000 23,000 $31, 850 $52, 379 2 1, 298, 426 Cost __________ 57,593 43,473 51,480 33,725 52,972 1, 291, 916 1In addition $125,00 of contributed funds was expended on new work. 2 In addition $80,000.00 of contributed funds was expended on maintenance. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be appropri- ated for completion of existing project_________ ____-_____- $851,760 2. HARBOR OF REFUGE, SEWARD, ALASKA Location. This harbor is located at Seward, Alaska, on the west side of the north end of Resurrection Bay. The harbor is about 130 miles west of Cordova, Alaska. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Charts Nos. 8529 and 8552.) Existing project. This provides for a south breakwater 580 feet long and a north breakwater 950 feet long, and dredging a basin about 207,000 square feet in area between the breakwaters to a depth of 121/2 feet at mean lower low water. The range between 1546 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 mean lower low water and mean higher high water is 8.3 feet with an extreme range of 18.9 feet. The actual cost for new work was $154,154. The approved esti- mate of annual cost of maintenance, made in 1952, is $4,000. The existing project was authorized by the following river and harbor acts: Acts Work authorized Documents and reports 1 July 3,1930 South breakwater and dredged basin--------------... H. Doc. 109, 70th Cong., 1st sess. Aug. 30,1935 North breakwater____ ....... ................... Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 3, 74th Cong., 1st sess. 1 Contain latest published maps. Recommended modification of project. Under date of July 29, 1952, the Chief of Engineers recommended modification of the ex- isting project so as to provide a pile breakwater to close partially the east (entrance) side of the existing basin and to raise the south breakwater by constructing a 3-foot high concrete wall on top of the rock, all at a total estimated first cost of $68,200 with annual maintenance of $1,075; subject to certain conditions of local co- operation. (H. Doc. 182, 83d Cong., 1st Sess.). Local cooperation. None required. Terminal facilities. Docking facilities at Seward include a float constructed by local interests which will accommodate about 50 boats, one commercial wharf, owned by the Alaska Railroad, which is available to the use of the public on payment of the usual wharf- age charges, one wharf owned by the Standard Oil Company, one wharf owned by the United States Government and operated by the Alaska Railroad as a general cargo terminal, and two wharves which are privately owned and used for industrial purposes. These facilities are considered adequate for existing commerce. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance was performed by contract labor during March and April 1954, and consisted of placing 1,482 cubic yards of rock on the north break- water at a cost of $24,084. Total maintenance cost for the fiscal year, which included $5,658 for operations and ordinary mainte- nance, was $29,742. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1937. Maintenance dredging to restore project depth over all navigable portions of the basin was completed in fiscal year 1952 and the north breakwater was restored to project dimensions in fiscal year 1953. The costs to June 30, 1954, have been $154,154 for new work and $73,909 for maintenance, a total of $228,063. FLOOD CONTROL-ALASKA DISTRICT 1547 Cost and financialsummary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Appropriated ----------------------------------------------------------- $154,154 Cost....----------------- ------------------------------------------------ 154,154 Maintenance: Appropriated-------- $55, 000 .........----------- -- $23, 927 ------------ $37, 500 81,667 Cost----------------- 4,290 $44 ------------ 26,739 29,742 73,909 3. INACTIVE NAVIGATION PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Apoon Mouth of Yukon River, Alaska 2...... 1920 $128,896.04 $2,153.83 (1) 2. Cordova Harbor, Alaska --------------------- 1952 253,534.14 92,999.79 (1) 3. Craig Harbor, Alaska- .--.--.--.. ---........ 1945 $341,000 .......-...............--- 4. Dry Pass, Alaska -------- 1949 58, 665.32 536.79 (1) 5. Egegik River, Alaska -_ -1941 4,441.10 -.-- - - (1) 6. Elfin Cove, Alaska_________ -____-- -__ 1945-- -----------_------------ - 162,000 7. Gastineau Channel, Alaska___ 1952 - 1-.---. - --- -1, 010,000 8. Iliuliuk Harbor, Alaska- --- __--_--- ---- 1941 66, 036. 59 -.. . .. (1) 9. Juneau Harbor, Alaska ...--------------------- 1952 150, 715.81 28, 464.40 (1) 10. Ketchikan Harbor, Alaska ....----------------- 1953 224, 945.84 33, 438.50 (1) 11. Kodiak Harbor, Alaska--------.......------------ 1949 12,144.64 3,458.47 109,900 12. Metlakatla Harbor, Alaska__------------------ 1952 383,000 13. Meyers Chuck Harbor, Alaska- ---------.. - 1945 123 000 14. Petersburg Harbor, Alaska ------ 1950 88, 386.84 412.78 226,600 15. Port Alexander, Alaska ... _____---------- 1949 17,000.00 593.83 97, 000 16. St. Michael Canal, Alaska - -- 1916 377, 061.95 559.76 (1) 17. Seldovia Harbor,Alaska. _-__-_--_ 1949 ..... .... 258,000 18. Sitka Harbor, Alaska __---------------------- 1952 64, 797.04 4, 605.98 891, 200 19. Skagway Harbor, Alaska_ ___--- 20. Skagway River, Alaska (O&M Special) ... ---- 5- 1953 1953 62, 172.99 -11, 667.00 - 46,000 (1) 21. Stikine River, Alaska a------- 1949 ------ . 4, 757.10 (7) 22. Valdez Harbor, Alaska ......------------------- 1952 52, 361.08 42,728.96 (1) 23. Wrangell Harbor, Alaska_ 1953 91, 020.98 7,349.87 507,700 24. Wrangell Narrows, Alaska....------------------ 1953 6 3,195,502.08 242, 923.24 854,500 1 Completed. 2 Abandonment recommended in House Document 467, 79th Congress, 1st Session. a No maintenance required at present. 4 In addition, $8,000 was expended from contributed funds. 5 This amount was used to partly fund a joint civil works and maintenance project for emergency work on Skagway River. 6 Refunded during fiscal year $779.51. 7 Authorized for maintenance only. 4. SALMON RIVER, ALASKA Location. Salmon River rises in Canada and empties into Port- land Canal at the Town of Hyder. (See U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Chart No. 8054.) Existing project. The plan of improvement provides for a rock- faced earth dike on the left limit of the river near its mouth, 4,334 1548 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. AI MY, 1954 feet in length with an average height of 5 feet. The project pro- tects the townsite of Hyder, Alaska, from floods in Salmon River and deflects the silt deposit away from the harbor area. The estimated cost, made in 1931, was $53,000 (including $7,000 contributed by local interests) for new work and $1,000 (including $200 to be contributed by local interests) annually for maintenance. The project was authorized by the act approved June 18, 1934, P.L. 388, Seventy-third Congress (H. Doc. 228, 72d Cong., 1st Sess.). The latest published map is in the project document. Local cooperation. In accordance with the provisions of the act of June 18, 1934, local interests were required to contribute $7,000 toward the first cost of the work and $200 annually for mainte- nance. An appropriation of $7,000 was made by the Territorial Legislature in 1933 for this purpose. Annual contributions have been made as required. Prior to the adoption of the existing proj- ect, approximately $8,000 was expended by the United States Bu- reau of Public Roads for a rock dike, and $26,350 by Territorial and local interests for dikes, revetment and dredging with a view to flood protection. Operations and results during fiscal year. The costs in the amount of $11,475.55 were incurred under operations and ordinary maintenance activities including an inspection of completed work. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project was com- pleted in 1935. The dike was generally in good condition in May 1954. The costs from Federal funds have been $34,231 for new work and $21,246 for maintenance, a total of $55,477. In addition, $7,000 has been expended from contributed funds for new work and $2,400 for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total;to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: ------------------------------------------------- Appropriated.. ------------ 1$34, 231 Cost---------------------- 32----------------------- 134,231 Maintenance: Appropriated---........ ----------------------------------- ---------------------- 21, 246 Cost...............------------------------------------......... ------------ 447 $11, 475 21,246 1 In addition $7,000.00 of contributed funds was expended on new work. 2 In addition $2,400.00 of contributed funds was expended on maintenance. FLOOD CONTROL-ALASKA DISTRICT 1549 5. INACTIVE FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS Cost to June 30, 1954 For last Estimated Name of project full report amount see annual Operations required to report for- Construction and complete maintenance 1. Fairbanks, Tanana River and Chena Slough, Alaska_------- 2. Lowell ---------------------- Creek, Alaska- 1945 $557, 000.00 (1) _----_--------------- 1945 2 416,382.29 $30, 771.35 (1) 3. Skagway, Skagway River, Alaska............. 1953 21,384.93 -------------- $768, 000 4. Emergency Bank Protection Work Under Au- thority of Section 14 of the Flood Control Act Approved July 24, 1946.. ----. .--.---... - 1952 24, 898.00-------------- () 5. Emergency Flood Control Work Under Au- thority of Section 5 of the Flood Control Act Approved August 18, 1941, as Amended 4.... 1950 --------------- 46, 831.20 (1) 6. Emergency Flood Control Work Under Au- thority of Public Law 138, 78th Congress, and Public Laws 102 and 858, 80th Congress..... 1953 -------------- 72, 360.91.. ... 7. Emergency Flood Control Work Under Au- thority of Section 208 of the 1948 Flood Con- trol Act, 80th Congress, 2d Session, and Pub- lic Law 371 Approved June 4, 1952, 82d Con- gress, 2d Session- 1953 .............-------------- .------------------------- '151, 719.81 Completed and transferred to local interests for maintenance. 2In addition, $25,000 has been expended from contributed funds. 3 Emergency bank protection of Talkeetna River at Talkeetna, Alaska. Completed. 4 Emergency flood control work, Gold Creek, Juneau, Alaska. b Consists of emergency dike repair Skagway River $47,360.91 and channel revetment repairs Gold Creek, Juneau $25,000. a Consists of emergency repairs Skagway River $44,299.43 and emergency flood control work Gold Creek, Juneau $107,421.23. ' Does not include $11,667 which was used to partly fund a joint Civil Works-Military project for emer- gency work on Skagway River. Included in inactive navigation projects table. 6. GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS Examinations and surveys. The cost of work during the fiscal year amounted to $60,583, the expenditures were $60,583. This amount includes $6,108 for examination and surveys, flood control studies, and $54,475 for navigation studies. The funds unexpended June 30, 1954, $13,303 together with an anticipated allotment of $37,000, $20,000 for flood control and $17,000 for navigation, will be applied as needed during fiscal year 1955 for further study in connection with Interim Report No. 6-- Seward Peninsula and Arctic Shelf and Interim Report No. 7- Yukon and Kuskokwim Rivers, and to unliquidated obligations in the amount of $1,200 for navigation studies which were conducted in 1953. Collection and study of basic data. The cost of work during the fiscal year amounted to $12,000. 1550 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 7. INSPECTION OF COMPLETED FLOOD CONTROL WORKS Inspections were made of Salmon River, Lowell Creek and Fair- banks, Tanana River and Chena Slough projects during fiscal year 1954. The inspections made of Lowell Creek and Fairbanks, Tanana River and Chena Slough projects were made in conjunction with other civil works activities in the area at no costs to the projects. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS The Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors was authorized by section 3 of the River and Harbor Act approved June 13, 1902. The enabling act provided for the organization in the Office of the Chief of Engineers by detail from time to time from the Corps of Engineers of a Board of five engineer officers (later increased by legislation to seven members), a majority of whom shall be of rank not less than lieutenant colonel. The act with subsequent amendments directs that all reports on authorized preliminary examinations and surveys of river and harbor and flood control projects be reviewed by the Board prior to submission of the reports by the Chief of Engineers with his recommendation to Congress. The review is for the purpose of de- termining the economic and engineering justification of the proj- ects reported upon. The Board is also required upon request by the appropriate committees of Congress to review and report through the Chief of Engineers upon any authorized project or desired improvement previously reported upon with a view to recommending the initiation of a project or modification of an ex- isting project. The Chief of Engineers may refer to the Board for consideration and recommendation all special reports ordered by Congress and may prescribe such other duties as he desires. Additional duties were assigned to the Board under the terms of section 8 of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920, and of various River and Harbor Acts, notably those of February 1891 and Sep- tember 1922. In compliance with the Merchant Marine Act, the Board is responsible, in cooperation with the Maritime Administra- tion, for collecting, compiling, and publishing information on more than 100 sea and Great Lakes ports. Under the River and Harbor Acts, the Board compiles and publishes data on the water transpor- tation lines of the United States, and other publications containing information on the water-borne commerce of the United States, and on the port and terminal charges at United States ports. It provides technical supervision over the compilation and publication of the National Summary Tables and the Regional Statistical Re- ports containing the statistics pertaining to the water-borne com- merce in the United States. In addition to the duties prescribed by law, the Board performs such other duties as may be assigned by the Chief of Engineers. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1954, the Board performed the following assigned duties: Reviewed and submitted recommen- dations on certain Corps of Engineers policies and procedures as directed; reviewed and commented on reports of other Federal agencies pertaining to water resource development; conducted in- vestigations and studies of the economics of ports and waterways; provided guidance to the field offices of the Corps of Engineers in the field of waterways economics including distribution of the Waterways Economic Series of publications; prepared Engineer 1551 1552 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Intelligence Reports and special planning studies on Foreign Ports; and prepared vulnerability reports on certain ports of the United States. On June 30, 1954, the Board was composed of the following Mem- bers: Major General Bernard L. Robinson, Deputy Chief of En- gineers for Construction (Chairman); Brigadier General William E. Potter, Division Engineer, Missouri River Division; Brigadier General Herbert D. Vogel, Division Engineer, Southwestern Di- vision; Colonel Wendell P. Trower, Division Engineer, Great Lakes Division; Colonel Benjamin B. Talley, Division Engineer, North Atlantic Division; Colonel Paul D. Berrigan, Division Engineer, South Pacific Division; and Colonel Francis H. Falkner, Resident Member, Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors. In addition to the foregoing, the following named officers have also been detailed for various periods during the year to Member- ship on the Board: Brigadier General Emerson C. Itschner, Divi- sion Engineer, North Pacific Division; Brigadier General Charles G. Holle, Division Engineer, South Atlantic Division; and Colonel Leland H. Hewitt, Division Engineer, New England Division. A summary of the Congressional investigations authorized from establishment of the Board in 1902 to the close of the fiscal year 1954, authorizations completed, and the number of authorizations remaining to be reported upon is given in the following table: Number of investiga- Number of investiga- Total number Number completed Numb er Authority for investigations tions ordered prior tions ordered during completed prior during year ending remainin g to to July 1, 1953 fiscal year 1954 to July 1, 1953 June 30, 1954 be compl eted O SI. I I I River and Harbor and Flood Control acts----------------------------- 4,987 4,556 41 391 Congressional resolutions.- -- 2, 786 56 2,048 87 707 Total-----------------. _ 56 6,604 128 1,098 7, 774 z O v7j O 01 c1 1554 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The Board held three hearings during the year and made one field inspection trip pertaining to projects in California, with par- ticular reference to San Francisco Bay and Monterey Bay. It held eight meetings of from one to three days duration and considered 91 reports, acting favorably on 58 and unfavorably on seven re- ports of survey; reporting unfavorably on 10 preliminary examina- tions; recommending seven surveys be made; recommending one project for construction under the River and Harbor Act of 1909; and returning eight reports to the field for reconsideration. In addition the Resident Member returned 26 obsolete reports to the Office, Chief of Engineers with the recommendation that they be sent back to the reporting officers for revisions to reflect changed conditions and to bring the costs and benefits up-to-date. The board recommended favorably on projects totaling $913.545.000 of which $864,547,000 was the cost to United States and $48,998,000 cost to local interests; and unfavorably on projects totaling $44,- 181,100 during the year. Commencing with its meeting in October 1953, the Board opened its meetings to the public. Since that time all deliberations and discussions of the Board have been conducted in open session in order that interested parties can be fully informed on the bases in which the Board's decisions are made. This practice will be con- tinued. As a result of having its meetings open to the public in- terested parties were present during the consideration of about 90 percent of the reports and on about 50 percent of the reports in- formal statements were made by interested parties. In addition to its review of preliminary examination and surveys, the Board submitted reports or comments on reports to the Chief of Engineers as follows: 39 Reports of other Federal agencies on water resource de- velopment; 16 Special Civil Works reports to the Chief of Engineers; 4 Reports on Corps of Engineers policies and procedures; 2 Waterways Economic Series Reports; 27 Engineer Intelligence Studies covering 38 foreign ports; 2 Reports on vulnerability of United States Ports, covering 9 ports; and 27 Special planning studies on foreign ports. Studies prescribed by various River and Harbor Acts, and by section 8 of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920, were continued and the results published in three series of reports under the titles of: Port Series Reports Lake Series Reports Transportation Series Reports The following reports were published during the year: Port Series Reports No. 33. The Ports of Astoria, Oregon, and Longview and Vancouver, Washington. No. 34. The Port of Portland, Oregon. No. 35. The Ports of Tacoma, Grays Harbor, and Olympia, Washington. No. 36. The Port of Seattle, Washington. No. 37. The Ports of Everett, Bellingham, and Port Angeles, Washington. BOARD OF ENGINEERS FOR RIVERS AND HARBORS 1555 Lake Series Reports No. 7. The Ports of Chicago, Illinois, Indiana Harbor, Indiana, and Muskegon, Michigan. No. 8. The Ports of Milwaukee, Manitowoc, and Green Bay, Wisconsin, and Escanaba, Michigan. Transportation Series Reports No. 3. Transportation Lines on the Great Lakes System, 1954. No. 4. Transportation Lines on the Mississippi River System and the Gulf Intra- coastal Waterway, 1954. At the close of the year the following report was in progress: Port Series Reports No. 5. Parts 1 and 3, The Port of New York, N. Y. and N. J. The following reports were completed during the year and at the close of the year were in the process of printing: Port Series Reports No. 1. The Ports of Portland and Searsport, Maine, and Portsmouth, N. H. No. 4. The Ports of Southern New England. TransportationSeries Reports No. 5. Transportation Lines on the Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific Coasts, 1954. The Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, Part 2, 1953 con- taining the waterborne commerce statistics of the United States for the calendar year 1952 was prepared and sent to the printer. This will be the last Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers, Part 2, which will be assembled by the Board and printed as a separate volume. During the year the Board recommended discontinuance of this practice in favor of publication of the national statistical summaries in the volume containing Part 1 of the Annual Report and the publication of detailed waterborne commerce statistics in four regional volumes to be published by the Regional Statistical Offices. This procedure will be used for the current report for 1954. The new procedure will reduce staffing requirements and cut the time of publication from 18 months after the close of the calendar year to 9 months. The waterborne commerce statistics pamphlet containing the calendar year 1952 basic national tables including the tabulation of domestic deepsea tonnages on an area to area basis was published. In addition, area to area movements reports for 24 basic commodi- ties or groups of commodities in domestic inland waterborne com- merce were compiled, published, and distributed. These area to area movement reports were established during the year as a permanent part of the waterborne commerce statistics service of the Board. The waterways economics research works of the Board was placed on a firmer basis during the year through adoption of a long- range program of study and the establishment of more specific ob- jectives. The Board's economic studies were given a broader field of usefulness by establishing The Waterways Economics Series of reports designed for distribution to all Corps of Engineers offices 1556 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 for the purpose of disseminating throughout the organization, the data compiled. Two economics reports were distributed during the year and four additional reports were nearing completion. In addition to the dissemination of waterways economics re- search data to the field offices, the Board's staff rendered assistance to 15 divisions and districts by preparation of reports, field surveys, and providing staff supervision on the analysis of waterways eco- nomics for specific projects. During the year, the Board maintained close contact with the field offices of the Corps of Engineers, gave wide distribution to its studies and reports, gave thorough and independent analysis to all reports of investigations, and opened all its actions and delibera- tions to public scrutiny. BEACH EROSION BOARD .The Beach Erosion Board was organized under authority of sec- tion 2 of the River and Harbor Act approved July 3, 1930 (Public Law 520, 71st Cong.) which authorized and directed the Chief of Engineers under the direction of the Secretary of the Army to cause investigations and studies to be made, in cooperation with public agencies of the various States, to devise effective means of preventing erosion of the coastal and Great Lakes shores by waves and currents. To furnish the technical advice and assistance re- quired in this program, the Chief of Engineers was directed to form a board of seven members to assist in the conduct of studies, review the reports on such investigations and submit recommenda- tions. By executive ruling the agency applying for a cooperative study under this act is required to contribute 50 percent of the estimated cost of the investigation. Each study results in a report containing plans and specific recommendations as to methods or means to improve or remedy a condition at a particular localtiy. A summary of such cooperative studies follows: Number of applications for studies approved prior to July 1, 1953............................ 81 Number of applications for studies approved during fiscal year 1954........................ 4 Number of reports completed prior to July 1, 1953 . ......................................87 Number - of reports completed during fiscal year 1954-,....-....-........ 6 Number of studies remaining to be completed 1................. ...._ ..................... 10 1 These studies involve 15 localities and will result in 15 reports. This basic law was supplemented by section 5 of the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935 (Public Law 409, 74th Cong.) which provided that every report submitted to Congress looking to the improvement of the entrance at the mouth of any river or at any inlet for navigation contain information concerning the configuration of the shoreline and the probable effect of the proposed improvement on the coast line for a distance of not less than 10 miles on either side of the entrance. Another supplemen- tary law was the act approved July 31, 1945 (Public Law 166, 79th Cong.) which made it the duty of the Chief of Engineers, through the Beach Erosion Board, in addition to participating in cooperative investigations under the basic law, to make general investigations with a view to preventing erosion of the shores of the United States by waves and currents and determining the most suitable methods for the protection, restoration and development of beaches; and to publish from time to time such useful data and information con- cerning the erosion and protection of beaches and shore lines as the Board may deem to be of value to the people of the United States. Federal participation in the cost of protecting the shores of publicly owned property was established in the act approved August 13, 1946 (Public Law 727, 79th Cong.) which declared it to be the policy of the United States to assist in the construction, 1557 1558 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 but not the maintenance, of works for the improvement and protec- tion against erosion by waves and currents of the shores of the United States that are owned by States, municipalities and other political divisions; provided that the Federal contribution toward the construction of protective works shall not in any case exceed one-third of the total costs and that the plan of protection shall have been specifically adopted and authorized by Congress after investigation and study by the Beach Erosion Board. The word "shores" as used in the act includes all the shore lines of the At- lantic and Pacific Oceans, the Gulf of Mexico, the Great Lakes, estuaries and bays directly connected therewith. At the end of fiscal year 1954 the Board was composed of the following members: Colonel Wendell P. Trower, U.S. Army, Presi- dent; Colonel Richard W. Pearson, U.S. Army, Division Engineer, New England Division, Boston, Mass.; Colonel Herman W. Schull, Jr., U.S. Army, District Engineer, Jacksonville, Fla.; Colonel John U. Allen, Resident Member; Mr. Thorndike Saville of New York, Dean of the College of Engineering, New York University; Mr. Morrough P. O'Brien of California, Dean of the College of Engi- neering, University of California; Dr. Lorenz G. Straub, Engineer- ing Consultant, Division of Waterways, Department of Conserva- tion, State of Minnesota. In addition to the foregoing, Colonel Leland H. Hewitt, U.S. Army was President of the Board and Major Peter Somers, U.S. Army was detailed as Acting Resident Member of the Board, for a part of the year. During the fiscal year 1954, the Board carried out studies and investigations in cooperation with appropriate agencies of various states and territories and with the field offices of the Corps of En- gineers to develop effective works for the protection and stabiliza- tion of the shores and beaches of coastal and lake waters. The Board completed the review of cooperative beach erosion control reports on Hampton Beach, N. H.; Selkirk Shores and Fair Haven Beach State Parks on Lake Ontario in the State of New York; the Atlantic shore from Sandy Hook to Barnegat Inlet in the State of New Jersey; Perdido Pass, Alabama; and Grand Isle, La. The Board also completed 10 reports on the beach erosion aspects of navigation improvements as provided in section 5 of the River and Harbor Act approved August 30, 1935. The following cooperative studies were in progress on June 30, 1954: Date approved by Division District Locality Chief of Engineers Engineer Engineer California, State of (continuing study). September 12, 1946_... South Pacific San Francisco and Los Angeles Carolina Beach, N. C _-._--_.--------- April 24, 1952......... South Atlantic Wilmington.. Connecticut, State of (continuing August 28, 1947-...... New England study). Delaware, State of__----------------- May 26, 1954-........ North Atlantic Philadelphia. Fire Island Inlet, N. Y------------..........--... December 24, 1953..... North Atlantic New York. Kenosha, Wis,_..------------ .. February 2, 1950....__ Great Lakes Milwaukee. Lake Ontario State Parks, N. Y. April 1, 1953-..........-......do........... Buffalo. (Hamlin Beach & Braddock Bay.) Massachusetts, Commonwealth of, July 20, 1950...---------...... New England Pemberton Pt. to Gurnet Pt. Manitowoe-Two Rivers, Wis-........ October 13, 1953....... Great Lakes Milwaukee. Waimea and Hanapepe, T. H.......... April 19, 1950......... South Pacific San Francisco. BEACH EROSION BOARD 1559 The Board has continued general investigations of means of protecting shores and beaches against erosion in accordance with the authorization contained in the act approved July 31, 1945 (Pub- lic Law 166, 79th Congress). Publication of the Quarterly bulletin to disseminate rapidly pertinent information to the public was continued. Six technical papers prepared by the staff were pub- lished in the technical press. Fourteen technical research papers were published by the Board. Two papers reporting results of re- search were prepared but not yet published and sixteen others were in preparation. In addition fourteen reports were prepared and issued to other governmental agencies on projects carried out for them. Review of the comprehensive report on shore protection, planning and design was carried out, appropriate revision made, and publication as a Technical Report of the Board is under way. Additional equipment for the Coast Model Test Basin was installed. Additional contracts were advertised for construction of wave gen- erating equipment for the large outdoor wave tank adjacent to the Board offiice building. Seven contracts with universities for re- search to supplement the staff activities were continued and two new contracts were negotiated. Two projects were prosecuted by the Waterways Experiment Station at Vicksburg for the Board. During the year a 3-week course on wave phenomena was con- ducted at the Board's offices for interested District and Division personnel and technical representatives of State and the Canadian Government agencies. At the end of the year, studies were in progress on: the charac- teristics of ocean waves by actual measurement at nine locations; the relationship between wave dimensions, angularity of approach, and the resulting littoral current velocity; the improvement of wave forecasting procedures for both inland and ocean waters; methods of bypassing sand at inlets; sources of beach material; an analysis of Mission Bay field data; wave runup and overtopping on shore structures; effects of tidal inlets on adjacent beaches; effect of tidal fluctuations on wave produced beach profiles; available in- formation on transport of sand by wind; statistical wave data for United States coasts obtained by hindcast methods; reforming of waves after breaking: effect of groin fields on rate of littoral trans- port; case history of Moriches Inlet, Long Island; and a reexamina- tion of data on artificially nourished and constructed beaches. Regional studies consisting of compilation of basic data pertinent to shore processes were substantially completed for two regions and partly completed for three additional regions. In addition the staff has worked on eight research projects for various defense agencies of which four are still active, two research projects for other government agencies and ten miscellaneous projects for other Government agencies. CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION This Commission, consisting of three officers of the Corps of En- gineers appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate, created by the act of Congress approved March 1, 1893 (27 Stat. L., p. 507), was organized in San Francisco, Calif., on June 8, 1893, and has jurisdiction and duties extending over the drainage area of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, comprising the great central valley of California and extending from the crest of the Sierra Nevada on the east to that of the Coast Range on the west, and from Mount Shasta and the Pitt River Basin on the north to the Tehachapi Mountains on the south. These rivers empty into the head of Suisun Bay, ultimately discharging into the Pacific Ocean through the connecting bays and straits and the Golden Gate. The duties prescribed by the act creating the Commission are: First: To regulate hydraulic mining in such a way as to permit its resumption and continuance under such restrictions as to prevent the resulting debris from being carried into navigable waters or otherwise causing damage. Second: To study and report upon general hydraulic and hydraulic-mining conditions and matters af- fecting or affected by them and to make surveys, mature and adopt plans for the purpose of improving the navigability, deepening the channels, and protecting the banks of the rivers, and affording re- lief from flood damages. While the Commission was to "adopt" plans as a result of its study, the act creating it did not provide means for directly carry- ing them out. Congress, however, has from time to time adopted certain of the plans formulated by the Commission charged it with their execution, under the direction of the Secretary of the Army and the supervision of the Chief of Engineers. IMPROVEMENTS Navigation Navigation-Continued Page Page 1. Regulation of hydraulic mining 3. Sacramento River and tribu- and preparation of plans-..._ 1561 taries, Calif. (debris control)_ 1565 2. Treatment of the Yuba River debris situation-restraining Flood control ------------- barriers, Calif 1563 4. Sacramento River, Calif .-------.. 1568 1. REGULATION OF HYDRAULIC MINING AND PREPARATION OF PLANS Location. Operations are largely limited to the territory be- tween Mount Lassen on the north and the Yosemite Valley on the south, on the western watershed of the Sierra Nevada. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets for the area, 25 in number.) Existing project. This improvement provides for regulating hydraulic mining operations, planning the improvement of condi- tions upon the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers and their tribu- 1561 1562 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 taries affected by such operations, and the preparation of plans to enable hydraulic mining to be resumed in their drainage areas. In addition, the Secretary of the Army is authorized to enter into contracts to supply storage for water and use of outlet facilities from debris storage reservoirs for domestic and irrigation purposes and power development, upon such conditions of delivery, use, and payment as he may approve. Applications of prospective miners are fully investigated by the California Debris Commission and permits to operate are issued to those who provide satisfactory debris-restraining basins by con- struction of suitable dams where necessary or agree to make pay- ment for storage in Government-constructed, debris-restraining reservoirs constructed under the act of June 19, 1934, as set forth below. For location and description of Government-constructed de- bris-restraining reservoirs for general hydraulic mining see Im- provement No. 3, "Sacramento River and tributaries (debris con- trol), Calif." The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual Federal cost of this work is $15,000. The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents Mar. 1, 1893 Created California Debris Commission and author- Ex. Doc. 267, 51st Cong., 2d sess. ized (a) hydraulic mining under its regulation in the Ex. Doc. 98, 47th Cong., 1st sess. drainage areas of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers, if possible without injury to the naviga- bility of these river systems or to lands adjacent thereto; and (b) preparation of plans by the Com- mission for improvement of the navigability of these river systems, and flood and debris control therein. Feb. 27, 1907 1 Authorized California Debris Commission to permit (Amendment of sec. 13 of act ap- hydraulic mining without construction of impound- proved Mar. 1, 1893.) ing works, provided there is no injury to the naviga- bility of the above river systems or the lands ad- jacent thereto. June 19, 1934 2 Amended act of Mar. 1, 1893, which provides for con- (Amendment of secs. 18 and 23 of struction of debris dams or other restraining works act approved Mar. 1, 1893.) by the California Debris Commission and collection of a 3-percent tax on the gross proceeds of each mine using such facilities, so as to eliminate this tax and substitute an annual tax per cubic yard mined, obtained by dividing the total'capital cost of each dam, reservoir, and rights-of-way, by the total capacity of the reservoir for restraint of debris; and authorized revocation of commission orders permit- ting such mining, for failure to pay this annual tax within 30 days after its due date; and also authorized receipt of money advances from mineowners to aid such construction, to be refunded later from the an- nual payments of yardage taxes on material mined. June 25, 1938 J Added at the end of sec. 23 of above act, a provision (Further amendment of sec. 23 of that the Secretary of the Army is authorized to enter act approved Mar. 1, 1893.) into contracts to supply storage for water and use of outlet facilities from debris storage reservoirs for domestic and irrigation purposes and power devel- opment, upon such conditions of delivery, use, and payment as he may approve, these payments are to be deposited to the credit of such reservoir proj- ect, reducing its capital cost to be repaid by tax on mining operations. 1Public No. 137 (H. R. 13367). 2 Public No. 425, 73d Cong. (H. R. 1503). 8 Public No. 716, 75th Cong., 3d sess. (H. R. 9881). For latest published map, see Annual Report for 1913, page 3170, and Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 50, 74th Congress, 1st ses- sion. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1563 Local cooperation. Mine owners are required to bear all ex- penses incurred in complying with the orders of the Commission for regulation ot mining and restraint of debris. Operations and resutts aurng fiscal year. Inspections of hy- draulic mines were accomplished to determine the rate of debris movement into the debris-restraining basins and/or reservoirs and compliance of the mine owners with the requirements of the licenses issued. Cost of these inspections, regulation of hydraulic mining, issuance of licenses, and other administrative work was $7,116 for the fiscal year for maintenance. Administrative work overlaps that of improvements 2, 3, and 4, hereunder and that of the Sacramento Engineer District. Condition at end of fiscal year. The Commission has received 1,284 applications for hydraulic mining licenses; 22 mines are licensed, of which 6 use storage behind Government debris dams. Surveys have been made of those portions of Yuba, Feather, Bear, and American Rivers containing large deposits of mining debris; of active mines, except those on the North Fork of Yuba River above Bullards Bar Reservoir; and of Bullards Bar and Combie Reservoirs, to determine the rate of debris movement into the several reservoirs. Work remaining to be done is, in general, the continuation of the above or similar operations. The total cost of all work to June 30, 1954, was $748,501, for maintenance. Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 Maintenance: Appropriated -------- $15,000 .. $5, 500 $6, 500 $8, 000 $749, 479 Cost----------------- 14,061 $4, 927 6,585 7, 814 7,116 748,501 2. TREATMENT OF THE YUBA RIVER DEBRIS SITUATION- RESTRAINING BARRIERS, CALIF. Location. The works are on the Yuba River between Marys- ville and where the river emerges from the foothills, near Ham- monton, some 10 miles easterly from Marysville, or about 9 miles below the Narrows. (See U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, California.) Existing project. This provides for storage of mining debris within the bed of the Yuba River by means of construction of Daguerre Point Dam, a debris barrier, and by the restraint of flow channel to narrow limits by means of training walls and other reg- ulation works. The object of storing this debris in the Yuba River -a nonnavigable stream-is to keep it from passing into the Sacramento and Feather Rivers to the detriment of navigation therein. The variation in water levels due to floods is about 12 feet. The total cost of new work, completed in 1935, was $723,259, of which $361,482 was from United States funds and $361,777 from funds contributed by the State of California. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $30,000, of 1564 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 which $15,000 is from local interests. (For details of this project in its original form, see Annual Report, 1917, p. 1810, "Previous projects.") The existing project was adopted in a rather indefinite form by the River and Harbor Act of June 3, 1896, and in its more definite form by the River and Harbor Act of June 13, 1902 (H. Doc. 431, 56th Cong., 1st sess.). (For the latest published map, see U. S. Geological Survey topographic map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif.) Local cooperation. Requirements of local cooperation are be- ing complied with, progressively with the work. The State of California contributes annually an amount equal to the Federal allotment. Operations and results during fiscal .year. Maintenance: Op- erations during the year included condition and operation inspec- tions and surveys, including maintenance of gages and gage read- ings; preparation of plans and specifications, and repairs to deck- ing on Daguerre Point Dam, all of which were accomplished by hired labor. Clearing and snagging of Yuba River was accom- plished by hired labor and rented equipment. In addition, bank protection was accomplished along Yuba River, at mile 5.6 on the left bank, and above Simpson Lane Bridge on the right bank, by contract. Total cost of maintenance during the fiscal year was $61,059, of which $30,529 was United States funds and $30,530 contributed funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the project was initiated in November 1902 and completed in 1935. Three train- ing walls, having a total length of 85,100 feet and providing two 500-foot-wide channels, were built, partly by gold-dredging com- panies and partly by the United States. A cut was made through Daguerre Point and a concrete spillway constructed therein. The channel between Marysville and the training walls were cleared of obstructions. Dikes were built to block off old sand channels. The project has been maintained in a satisfactory condition suitable to the purpose intended and the result has been to hold in the Yuba River millions of cubic yards of mining debris which would other- wise have passed into the channels of Feather and Sacramento Rivers to the detriment of navigation. Regulation of the river necessitates annual clearing in the channel to provide adequate capacity for flood flows, and the construction of bank revetment or current deflection works to prevent erosion. The State of Cali- fornia annually contributes an amount equal to the Federal funds for maintenance work. The Yuba Consolidated Gold Fields was issued a Department of the Army permit in 1944 for dredging a 600-foot channel which would replace the two 500-foot channels above Daguerre Point Dam. The new channel will give almost a 90 ° approach for flows toward the crest of the dam. Work under the permit is approxi- mately 35 percent complete. RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1565 The total cost of the project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States------ ------------------------------- $361, 482 $413,323 $774, 805 Contributed-----....---------------------------------- 361, 777 413, 271 775, 048 Total...---------------------------------------- 723, 259 826, 594 1,549, 853 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated-------- -- .- ----------------------. . . ...- $361,482 Cost ------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- .------------ ---------- 361, 482 Maintenance: Appropriated.-....... $15, 000 $9, 207 $52, 554 $30, 000 $15, 000 415,518 Cost--------------- 16, 466 -646 58,158 19, 408 30, 529 413 322 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 New work: Appropriated......----------------------------------------------------------- $361, 777 --------------------------- ---------- Cost----------.............. ............------------.... 361,777 .......------------ Maintenance: Appropriated-....... $15,000 $15,000 $45, 000 $30, 000 $15, 000 415, 223 Cost----------------- 24,137 5,760 58,158 19,464 30, 530 413,271 3. SACRAMENTO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES, CALIF. (DEBRIS CONTROL) Location. The project reservoirs are to be constructed in the watersheds of the Yuba, Bear, and American Rivers, Calif. (See U. S. Geological Survey sheets for the basin areas, seven in num- ber.) Existing project. The project was designed to permit the re- sumption of hydraulic mining on a substantial scale and provides for the construction of four reservoirs at the following sites: (1) The Harry L. Englebright (Upper Narrows) Dam on Yuba River (completed in 1941) ; (2) the North Fork Dam on the North Fork of American River (completed in 1939) ; (3) a site on the Middle Fork of American River; and (4) a site on Bear River. The esti- mate of cost for new work (1935 price index) is $6,945,000. The latest (1953) approved estimate for annual cost of maintenance is $25,000. 1566 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The existing project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of August 30, 1935 (Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 50, 74th Cong., 1st sess.). For latest published map, see the project docu- ment. The act approved November 6, 1945, provided that the dam con- structed at the Upper Narrows site on the Yuba River, in the State of California, should thereafter be known and designated as the Harry L. Englebright Dam. Local cooperation. Satisfactory assurances were to be fur- nished the Secretary of the Army for repayment of the capital cost of the reservoirs from taxes on material hydraulically mined, under licenses, and impounded in these reservoirs. These have been fur- nished and accepted for sites (1), (2), and (3) above. Litigation involving mining interests prevented local interests from furnish- ing the necessary guarantees for reimbursement of the cost of a dam at the Dog Bar site on Bear River, site number (4) above. Operations and results during fiscal year. Maintenance: Op- erations during the year included maintenance and operation of the Harry L. Englebright and North Fork Dams and appurtenant serv- ice facilities; preparation of plans and specifications; and condition and operation inspections and studies, all of which were accom- plished by hired labor. In addition, construction of new care- taker's quarters, garage, and water supply system at Englebright Dam was accomplished by contract. Total cost for maintenance during the fiscal year was $39,392, of which $10,000 was from regular funds and $29,392 from Hydraulic Mining in California funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. The existing project is 76 per- cent complete. Construction of the North Fork Dam and Reservoir was initiated in 1937 and completed and in use at the end of the fiscal year 1939; additional work of excavation and reinforcement of the left abutment of the dam was done in the fiscal year 1941. The reservoir is located on the North Fork of the American River about 5 miles northeast of the city of Auburn and 40 miles north- east of Sacramento. The dam is 155 feet high, 620 feet long, and the reservoir has a debris storage capacity of 26,000,000 cubic yards. Construction of the Harry L. Englebright Dam was ini- tiated in 1937 and completed in January 1941; the reservoir has been in use for storage of hydraulic mining debris. Minor finish- ing work was completed under supplementary agreement; repairs to footings and abutments and improvement of grounds were com- pleted in 1944. The reservoir is on the Yuba River about 20 miles northeast of the city of Marysville. The dam is 260 feet high, 1,142 feet long, and the reservoir has a debris storage capacity of 118,000,000 cubic yards. Construction of the Ruck-A-Chucky Dam site on the Middle Fork of American River was initiated in 1939 but was abandoned in 1940 due to construction difficulties; settle- ment of the contract was completed; and field investigations were made and report rendered with a view to the selection of another site. Work was postponed on the Dog Bar site on Bear River due to litigation involving mining interests which prevented local in- RIVERS AND HARBORS-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1567 terests from furnishing the necessary guarantees for reimburse- ment of the cost of the dam, and a review of the report in the project document was made, giving consideration to alternative lo- cations of the proposed dam. This review has been reassigned. The primary purpose of the project was to make possible the resumption of hydraulic mining in the tributary watershed for which local interests are required to reimburse the United States according to the volume of debris contributed. However, hydraulic mining activity has practically ceased during recent years. Annual maintenance activities are required to protect the Federal invest- nient and, in addition, maintenance of the project benefits the downstream navigation projects, primarily the Sacramento River Project, in that it prevents debris deposits in these channels and thus reduces the annual maintenance costs for the Sacramento River navigation channel. Maintenance of this project also helps to maintain flood-channel capacities in the downstream river reaches. In the case of Harry L. Englebright Dam and Reservoir an additional benefit is realized through the use of the head created for the generation of hydro- electric power. An existing contract with the Pacific Gas and Electric Company calls for payment to the Federal Government of $18,000 per year for the first 30 years and $48,000 per year after that in return for the use of head at Englebright Dam for genera- tion of hydroelectric power. Total payment through December 31, 1952, amounts to about $180,000; these funds are paid directly to the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States for deposit in a lfiind known as the "Debris Fund." The total cost of the project to June 30, 1954, was as follows: Funds New work Maintenance Total United States: Regular funds................ $5, 291, 375 .............---------------------------------- $284, 992 $5, 576, 367 Hydraulic mining in California ........--------------------- _ __ __ ___ 101, 897 101, 807 Total_----____ -------------.- _- ... 5, 291, 375 386, 799 5, 678, 174 Cost and financial summary Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June -.. .. . . .. _ 30, 1954. includ- 1950.1951 19520- 195351934 ing fiscal years 5 1951 1 1954 priorto 1950 New work: 291 -Appropriated------- --------- ------------------------ - ---------- $5, 291 375 Cost Maintenance: I5, 291 375 . Appropriated .. _ $62, 153 -$21, 311 $ 6,000 $51,760 $32,548 2 396,142 Cost ... 16,010 13,044 i 15,333 40,045 39,392 8 386, 799 ' Regular funds. s Includes $284,992 from regular funds and $111,150 from hydraulic mining in California funds. a Includes $284,992 from regular funds and $101,807 from hydraulic mining in California funds. 4 Based on 1935 price index. Other new work data: Estimated additional amount needed to be ap- propriated for completion of existing project--- __--------- 4 $1, 653,625 Sig 50--1567.1598 1568 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 4. SACRAMENTO RIVER, CALIF., FLOOD CONTROL Location. The works covered by this improvement are on the Sacramento River and tributaries in north central California from Collinsville to Ord Bend, a distance of 184 miles. Previous project. Improvement of the original project for Sacramento River was previously performed under the title of "Alleviation of Debris Conditions in the Sacramento and Feather Rivers, California." Debris resulting from hydraulic mining opera- tions and natural erosion had obstructed the channels of these rivers by raising the river beds and reducing the capacity to such an extent that the streams broke through their banks and over- flowed large areas during high floods, increasing the shoaling in the channels themselves. The large deposits of debris in the river channels and its variable movement downstream had impaired their navigability. The construction and operation of hydraulic dredges was authorized with the object of removing deposits from the Sacramento River to improve navigation, with no definite limits in depth, width, or location of the work being prescribed. Work was accomplished from the mouth of the Sacramento River, in Suisun Bay at Collinsville, to Rio Vista, 14 miles above, and con- sisted of channel enlargement and levee construction. Local in- terests were required to contribute an equal amount toward the cost of the work and, in addition, to provide all rights-of-way for levees and spoil banks free of cost to the United States. These requirements were fully complied with. In addition, the State of California constructed a retaining embankment for spoil deposit. This minor project was absorbed in the existing project. The orig- inal project was adopted by the River and Harbor Act of June 25, 1910 (in accordance with report of California Debris Commission dated June 30, 1907, and printed in Annual Report for 1907, page 2262). For further details, see Annual Report for 1917, page 1815, and Annual Report for 1938, page 1995. Existing project. The Sacramento River Flood Control Proj- ect is a comprehensive plan of flood control for the Sacramento River and the lower reaches of its principal tributaries. The im- provement extends along the Sacramento River from Ord Bend in Glenn County, Calif., downstream to its mouth at Collinsville at the upper end of Suisun Bay, a distance of 184 miles, and comprises a system of levees, overflow weirs, drainage pumping plants and flood bypass channels or floodways designed to carry the surplus floodwaters without inundation of valley lands. The project pro- vides for the enlargement of the Sacramento River below the mouth of Cache Slough to carry the entire flood discharge of the river basin; for making two cutoffs between the mouth of the Feather River and Colusa; for the construction of four bypass weirs, and reconstruction of Tisdale Weir; for construction of drainage outfall gates at Butte Slough and at Knights Landing; for the construction of levees along certain reaches of the main river and tributaries; for construction of three drainage pumping plants on the east side of Sutter Bypass; for construction of bank protec- tion works and levee setbacks on the main river and tributaries from Ord Bend to Collinsville; for maintenance, during the con- struction period, of the enlarged river channel below Cache Slough, FLOOD CONTROL-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1569 including revetment of the banks of the enlarged channel, and for operation and maintenance of gaging stations during the same period on navigable rivers and streams. The project also includes channel clearing, rectification, snagging, and bank protection along the Sacramento River and tributaries in Tehama County from Red Bluff southerly. Approximately 980 miles of levee construction are involved in the project. When completed, the project will provide adequate flood protection to about 800,000 acres of highly productive agricul- tural lands and to the cities of Colusa, Marysville, Sacramento and North Sacramento and numerous smaller communities. It will make possible the reclamation of swamps and other land which can be developed to a high degree when protection against flood hazard is assured. The above levee improvements were supplemented by works au- thorized by the Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and May 17, 1950 (H. Doc. 649, 78th Cong., 2d sess., and H. Doc. 367, 81st Cong., 1st sess.). The levee construction and reconstruction pro- vided for in these authorizations, including levee protection of Upper Butte Basin and multipurpose reservoirs, are reported upon by the Sacramento District under Improvement No. 8, "Sacra- mento River and tributaries, from Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif.", page 1370. The latest approved estimate (July 1954) of Federal cost for the existing project (exclusive of the improvements authorized by the Flood Control Acts of December 22, 1944, and May 17, 1950), in- cluding new work and maintenance, is $64.400,000, for construc- tion. In addition, local interests have contributed for project work a total of $4,949,438 for levee construction, bank protection works, and levee setbacks, of which $4,939,752 was for new work and $9,686 for maintenance. Overation and maintenance of the project after completion will be the responsibility of local interests; as units of the project are completed they are transferred to agencies of the State of Cali- fornia for operation and maintenance. The estimated cost (1954) to local interests for new work is $104,000,000, which includes the costs of levees built by local in- terests, lands, easements, rights-of-way, and highway, railroad, and bridge alterations. The existing project was adopted by the Flood Control Act of March 1, 1917 (H. Doc. 81, 62d Cong., 1st sess., as modified by Rivers and Harbors Committee Doc. 5, 63d Cong., 1st sess.), and modified by the Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928 (S. Doc. 23, 69th Cong., 1st sess.), the River and Harbor Act of August 26, 1937 (Senate committee print, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), and the Flood Con- trol Act of August 18, 1941 (H. Doc. 205, 77th Cong., 1st sess.). Local cooperation. The Flood Control Act of May 15. 1928, provided that local interests were to contribute one-half the cost of construction of project levees, estimated at $3,191,500, and fur- nish the lands, rights-of-way, and easements therefor. The modified project which was adopted in the River and Har- bor Act of August 26, 1937, provided that the State of California, should execute and maintain the remainder of the general flood 1570 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 control project, now being done or to be done by the United States, and make illegal any levee, ditches, or other works in the bypasses or on the lands reserved for overflow that might reduce or impede the flood runoff, unless approved by the California Debris Com- mission; should hold and save the United States free from dam- ages due to construction works: And provided further, That the bank revetment for protection of levees above Cache Slough, and the levee reconstruction recommended in the project document (Senate committee print, 75th Cong., 1st sess.), should not be undertaken until the State of California, political subdivisions thereof, or responsible local agencies have agreed to provide with- out cost to the United States all lands, easements, the rights-of- way for said works, including the cost of all alterations to high- ways, road crossings, and drainage and irrigation facilities inci- dent to the work, and shall have contributed one-third of the cost of bank revetment and levee reconstruction, with the understand- ing that the contribution of funds will be made as required by the progress of the work; and the State of California was to undertake the operation of the movable top of Sacramento Weir in accordance with the schedules established by the California Debris Commis- sion. The modification of the project authorized in the Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, relieves local interests of all future con- struction costs under the existing project, but requires them to give assurances satisfactory to the Secretary of the Army that they will (1) provide all needed lands, easements, and rights-of- way free of cost to the United States, (2) bear the expense of necessary highway,. railroad, and bridge alterations, (3) hold and save the United States free from claims for damages resulting from construction of the works, and (4) maintain and operate all flood control works after completion, in accordance with regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of the Army. The requirements are being complied with as needed. Operations and results durng fiscat year. New work: A con- tinuing contract was completed under which levee construction, bank protection, and road surfacing was accomplished along the left bank, Sacramento River, near Freeport. The channel of lower Butte Creek was straightened, by hired labor, and work was ac- complished at the following locations during the fiscal year, by contract: (1) Bank protection at 5 sites along left bank Sacramento River, between Isleton and Walnut Grove; (2) Fish ladder con- struction at Howard Slough diversion structure along lower Butte Creek, approximately 6 miles east of Butte City; and (3) Sutter Bypass drainage ditch fill between Nelson Slough and Feather River, approximately 3 miles west of Nicolaus, Calif. In addition, levee construction and bank protection work was initiated during the fiscal year as follows: (1) Stockpiling of dredged material for enlarging existing levee on Hastings Tract, approximately 7 miles north of Rio Vista, by hired labor and rented clamshell dredge; (2) Levee construction, bank protection and road surfacing at 7 sites along Sacramento River, between Colusa and Knights Landing, by contract; (3) Levee enlargement and bank protection, right bank, Sacramento River, and Sutter Slough FLOOD CONTROL-CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1571 on Merritt Island, by contract; (4) Levee strengthening and bank protection, right bank, Sacramento River, Grand Island, between Steamboat Slough and Junction Point, by continuing contract; (5) Construction of west levee, Sacramento River, Reclamation Dis- tricts No. 307 and No. 765, Yolo County, Clarksburg to Y Street, by contract; (6) Levee construction, west levee Feather River at Cox Ranch upstream to opposite Rio Bonito Station, Butte County, by continuing contract; (7) Levee construction along left bank of Sacramento River from Junction Point to Mayberry Slough and along both levees of Three Mile Slough (Sherman Island), by con- tract; and (8) Levee strengthening and bank protection, Sacra- mento River, along Sutter Island near Courtland, by contract. Contracts were awarded for work to be accomplished at the fol- lowing locations: (1) Levee construction and bank protection, east levee, Sacramento River, Georgiana Slough to Freeport, by con- tinuing contract; (2) Emergency bank protection, Sacramento River, mile 92.7 to 99.9, right and left banks, in vicinity of Knights Landing, Sutter and Yolo Counties, by continuing contract; and (3) Normal bank protection at 6 sites along right and left banks Sacramento River, between mile 103.8 and 129.5, Sutter and Yolo Counties, by continuing contract. Construction was not initiated during the fiscal year under the above contracts. Miscellaneous work, including surveys, explorations and prepar- ation of contract plans and specifications, was accomplished by hired labor during the year. Hired labor was also utilized in the preparation of operation and maintenance manuals and as-built drawings for completed portions of the project. A total of 2,105,674 cubic yards embankment was placed in levees along the project waterways during the fiscal year. There was no maintenance work accomplished during the year. Total Federal cost of all new work during the year was $1,826,- 601. Miscellaneous construction (nonproject) accomplished for the State of California at its expense in connection with acquisition of rights-of-way for levees cost $163,493, for new work. Total cost of all work during the fiscal year was $1,990,094, of which $1,826,601 was from United States funds (regular approprie ations) and $163,493 from contributed (nonproject) funds. Condition at end of fiscal year. Construction of the existing project, initiated in fiscal year 1918, is approximately 71 percent complete. The channel improvement accomplished to date has produced a channel with a capacity of 579,000 cubic feet per second in the Sacramento River below Cache Slough. In addition, dis- charges up to 21,000 cubic feet per second can be diverted from the Sacramento River through Georgiana Slough. Completed ma- jor project items include approximately 690 miles of levees; 5 weirs with a combined discharge capacity of 602,000 cubic feet per sec- ond; 2 cutoff channels; 2 sets of outfall gates; channel improve- ment and clearing in the Sacramento River, Butte Creek, Putah Creek, and Sutter and Tisdale Bypasses; construction of two main bypasses or floodways and secondary bypasses at Tisdale and Sac- ramento Weirs and at Wadsworth Canal; construction of Knights Landing Ridge Cut and of Cache Creek Settling Basin; a consider- 1572 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 able amount of river levee bank protection, installation of gaging stations; and enlargement of Sacramento River below Cache Slough. A total of 85,445,870 cubic yards embankment has been placed in levees along the project waterways. The cutoffs at Collins Eddy and between Wild Irishman and Kinneys Bends were made in 1918 and 1919, respectively. Sacramento Weir was completed in 1917, Fremont Weir in 1924, Tisdale and Moulton Weirs in 1932, and Colusa Weir in 1933. Outfall gates at Knights Landing were con- structed in 1930 and at the mouth of Butte Slough in 1936. Pump- ing plants on Sutter Bypass were completed in 1944. Work items with reference to the clearing, snagging, rectification of channels, and bank protection on Sacramento River and tributaries in Te- hama County and from Red Bluff southerly, provided for by Flood Control Act of August 18, 1941, were accomplished in fiscal years 1947, 1948, 1949, and 1951. The total cost of this work was $126,- 355 of which $30,144 was by contract and $96,212 by hired labor. Work remaining to be accomplished includes completion of levees (along Sacramento, American, Feather, and Yuba Rivers, and the adjoining bypasses and tributaries), bank protection, and clearing overflow channels and bypasses; clearing, snagging, and rectifica- tion of channels on Sacramento River and tributaries in Tehama County and from Red Bluff southerly; and dredging of the enlarged flood channel below Cache Slough, with continued maintenance dredging until that part of the project below Cache Slough is com- pleted. The total cost of the existing project to June 30, 1954, is as follows : Funds New work Maintenance Total United States funds: R egular appropriations_............ .... . ..... . $42,068, 620 $1, 979, 104 1$44, 047, 724 Public works funds_-..........___ __ ... -. ___--- ....- 1, 486, 469 1, 486, 469 Total United States funds- .----...- ......-. 43, 555, 089 1, 979, 104 45, 534, 193 C ontributed funds, project work ..... ..... _... _ . . 4, 939, 752 9, 686 4,949, 438 Total funds, project work .. - -..............-..... 48, 494, 841 1, 988, 790 50, 483, 631 Contributed funds (nonproject)_-.... ---...... ..------ 2, 732, 369 , ..............---- 2, 732, 369 Total, all funds------....................---- . 51, 227, 210 1, 988, 790 53, 216, 000 1 Does not include $429,671, representing book value of plant purchased with previous project funds and transferred to the existing project without reimbursement. FLOOD CONTROL--CALIFORNIA DEBRIS COMMISSION 1573 Cost and financial summary UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to1950 New work: Appropriated- $3,260,000 -----. $2,016, 500 $ 990,000 $1, 000,000 $3, 806,066 $46, 312,394 Cost------------- 2,377,991 2,341,171 1,839,652 1,553,518 1,826,601 44,235,089 Maintenance: _ Appropriated -. 340,000 .....- . -10,000 _ - -2_ -6,066 1, 979,104 Cost_____________ __ 327,707 14,901 6,106 42 __ _____ 1,979,104 1a. Includes appropriation and cost of $680,000 for new work for previous project. b. Includes $1,486,469 public works funds for new work for existing project. s Based on latest approved estimate (1954). Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954_ Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955 .... - $31,171 3,000,000 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_- -------- ------------------------- 3,031,171 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for com- pletion of existing project ________________ 213,788,502 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1951, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 prior to 1950 1 New work: Appropriated_ $899, 576 - $300, 000 $700,000 $9,094,571 Cost _........ 299, 881 $99, 216 525,326 $164,132 163,493 8,352,121 Maintenance: Appropriated . .- --- .------- 9,686 Oost _-_ - - 9,686 1a. Includes $680,000 for new work for previous project. b. Includes $310,801 voluntary contribution for bank protection for existing project. c. Includes a total of $4,949,438 for existing project work for levee construction, bank protection works, and levee setbacks, of which $4,939,752 was for new work and $9,686 for maintenance. d. Includes the following amounts for voluntary contribution for other appurtenant work desired by local interests for the existing project: Appropriation, $3,164,018 and cost, $2,421,568. Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954-_---------- $441,041 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955------------------------------------------------441,041 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT, MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1954 Commission headouarters. Mississippi River Commission Building, Vicksburg, Miss., post office box 80. Commissioners. The commissioners during the fiscal year were Brig. Gen. John R. Hardin, United States Army, president; Rear Adm. Leo O. Colbert, United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, retired; Albert L. Culbertson, DeWitt L. Pyburn, civil engineer; Eugene F. Salisbury, civil engineer; and Brig. Gen. Herbert D. Vogel, United States Army. Jurisdiction. The Mississippi River Commission, created by act of Congress approved June 28, 1879, is charged, under the di- rection of the Secretary of the Army and supervision of the Chief of Engineers, with prosecution of improvements for flood control of the Mississippi River and of its tributaries and outlets in its alluvial valley, so far as they are affected by Mississippi River backwater, between Head of Passes, La. (mile 0), and Cape Girar- deau, Mo. (mile 1,016), and with prosecution of improvements in the interest of navigation between Cairo, Ill. (mile 964), and Baton Rouge, La. (mile 232). It also is charged with prosecution of certain flood control works on the Mississippi River and on tribu- taries so far as they are affected by backwater, between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island, Ill. (mile 1,446); more specifically chargedr with control of headwater floods of the St. Francis and Yazoo Basins including L'Anguille River and Yazoo tributaries, respectively; West Tennessee tributaries; protection of the Cache Basin, Mo. and Ark.; the Grand Prairie Region and Bayou Meto Basin, Ark., including water supply improvements therein; por- tions -of the backwater areas near the mouths of the St. Francis, theWhite, the Yazoo, and the Red Rivers, and with improvements of Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie, La., Boeuf and Tensas Rivers, Bayou Macon and Bayou Lafourche, La. and Ark., and Lake Pontchartrain Jefferson Parish, La. Backwater limits on tributary streams are considered to be located where backwater curves from the maximum Mississippi River flood intersect maxi- mum flood flow lines of tributaries. Flood outlets from the Missis- sippi River connection of the Gulf of Mexico consist of the Mor- ganza-Atchafalaya Basin and Bonnet Carre floodways. Location and description. The Mississippi River rises in Lake Itasca, Minn., flows in a general southerly direction for 2,350 miles, and empties into the Gulf of Mexico. Its drainage area, about 1,245,000 square miles, embraces all or part of 31 States between the Rocky and Appalachian Mountains and parts of two Canadian Provinces. There are approximately 35,000 square miles in the alluvial valley below Cape Girardeau, Mo., which were originally subject to overflow, including former overflow areas designated as the St. Francis, White Tensas, Atchafalaya, and Lafourche Basins 1575 1576 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 west of the river and the Yazoo and Pontchartrain Basins east of the river. Observations made by the Mississippi River Commis- sion to June 30 show approximate maximum and minimum dis- charges between the levees as follows: Cairo to White River, 2,- 000,000 and 70,000 cubic feet per second; thence to Red River, 2,150,000 and 90,000 cubic feet per second; thence to the Gulf of Mexico, 1,500,000 and 80,000 cubic feet per second in this Missis- sippi River and about 650,000 and 12,000 cubic feet per second in the Atchafalaya River. As the 1927 flood flow was not confined between the levees, maximum discharges recorded do not include the entire flow of the 1927 flood, the maximum of record below White River. Low water stages, generally, obtain from August to December. High water and flood stages usually occur in the late winter or early spring, but great floods such as that of 1937 have occurred as early as January in .the upper reaches of the lower river. Extreme ranges in stages recorded at representative gages are about 60 feet at Cairo; 53 feet at Memphis; 57 feet at Red River Landing; and 23 feet at Carrollton. The river is nontidal above the mouth of Red River, where amplitude of the tide rarely exceeds 0.1 foot during extreme low water. ORGANIZATION Office of the president. The president of the Mississippi River Commission is its executive officer. One officer has been assigned for duty in the office of the president as secretary of the commis- sion. Authorized operations of the commission below Cape Girardeau within the following limits are conducted by three Corps of Engi- neers districts in accordance with approved directives and pro- grams and congressional appropriations therefor. New Orleans district: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required from Head of Passes, mile 0,to mile 320, including south bank levee of Red River to Hotwells, La.; Bon- net Carre and Morganza floodways; maintenance and improvement of the Mississippi River navigation channel from Baton Rouge, La. (mile 232) up to mile 320; and the Baton Rouge Harbor extension (Devils Swamp Channel); Lake Pontchartrain, Jefferson Parish, La., protection levees; Atchafalaya Basin floodway; and flood con- trol and drainage improvements in Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie, in Bayou des Glaises, and Red River backwater area within district limits. Vicksburg district: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required from the upper limits of the New Orleans district's operations in the vicinity of Black Hawk, La., to the Coahoma-Bolivar County line, Mississippi, on the left bank and to the mouth of the Arkansas River, Ark., on the right bank in- cluding the Arkansas River south bank levee to the vicinity of Pine Bluff, Ark., and its north bank levee to the mouth of Plum Bayou, Ark.; maintenance and improvement of the Mississippi River navi- gation channel between miles 320 and 593, and the Vicksburg- MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1577 Yazoo area; flood control and drainage improvements in the Red River backwater area including the leveed portion east of Black River within district limits; Jonesville, La., Boeuf and Tensas River and Bayou Macon Basins, Ark. and La., and Bayou La- fourche, La.; Yazoo River Basin, Miss., including the backwater area; Big and Little Sunflower Rivers, Deer Creek, and Steele Bayou, Miss., and the Grand Prairie Region, and Bayou Meto Basin, Ark., including provision for agricultural water supply. Memphis district: Mississippi River project levees and river channel stabilization as required, from the upper limits of the Vicksburg district's operations in the vicinity of the mouth of White River to the north bank of Little River diversion channel, Missouri (mile 1015), a few miles below Cape Girardeau, Mo., on the right bank and to the Cache River diversion above Cairo, Ill. (mile 999), on the left bank including levees on the right bank of the Ohio River up to the previous mouth of Cache River, Ill. (mile 7), with operations above Cairo, Ill., restricted to levee work. Main- tenance and improvement of the Mississippi River navigation chan- nel between miles 593 and 964 and the Memphis Harbor, Tenn.; levees in the White River backwater area up to the vicinity of Augusta, Ark.; levees and pumping plants at DeValls Bluff and Des Arc, Ark.; channel improvements in Cache River Basin, Ark.; improvement works in the St. Francis River Basin, Mo. and Ark., including backwater area, Little River diversion channel, Missouri, L'Anguille River, Ark., and Obion and Forked Deer River Basins, Tenn. Field operations of the commission above Cape Girardeau, re- stricted to levee construction under section 6 of the 1928 Flood Control Act (local interests contributing one-third of costs and furnishing rights-of-way), are conducted within the following limits by two Corps of Engineers districts of the Upper Mississippi Valley Division which report direct to the commission on matters within its jurisdiction: St. Louis district: Mississippi River (sec. 6) levees from the upper limits of the Memphis district's operations to Clemons Sta- tion, Mo. (mile 1266), on the right bank and Hamburg Bay, Ill. (mile 1227), on the left bank including the Illinois River to mile 120, near Havana, Ill., and the Missouri River to St. Charles, Mo. (backwater limits). Rock Island district: Mississippi River (sec. 6) levees from upper limits of the St. Louis district's operations to Rock Island, Ill. (mile 1448). PREVIOUS PROJECTS The project outlined in a report by the commission dated Febru- ary 17, 1880, contemplated improvement of the channel to secure a least depth of 10 feet at extreme low water by contraction of the low water channel, protection of banks against caving, and control of floodwater by levees. For further details, see page 1944, Annual Report for 1932, and page 1682, Annual Report for 1937. 1578 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Flood control general projects previously authorized which have been incorporated as features of the project are listed below: For last full report see Acts Description Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers June 22.1936 Bayou des Glaises diversion ditch, Louisiana_ _ .... Page 1029, fiscal year 1946. Jonesville, La., levee retaining wall and drainage Page 1007, fiscal year 1949. structure. Clarendon to Laconia Circle on White River in Page 892, fiscal year 1937. Arkansas (portion below Big Creek). From North Little Rock, Ark. to Gillett, Ark. on the Page 1053, fiscal year 1946. north bank of Arkansas River (portion below Plum Bayou). Aug. 18, 1941 White River levees Augusta to Clarendon and De- Page 1083, fiscal year 1946. ---- Valls Bluff, Arkansas_- .............. -__ .... Page 1084, fiscal year 1946. EXISTING PROJECT This provides for protection of the alluvial valley of the Missis- sippi, lead of Passes to Cape Girardeau, from floods by means of levees, floodwalls, floodways, reservoirs (in the St. Francis and Yazoo Basins), bank stabilization and channel improvements in and along the river and its tributaries and outlets insofar as affected by backwater of the Mississippi River and for levee work between Cape Girardeau and Rock Island. The project also provides for bank protection, channel improvement, contraction works and dredging to secure a navigable channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide from Baton Rouge to Cairo. Improvements completed under previous project and incorporated in the project are maintained in accordance therewith. The total authorized cost, including the modi- fications authorized by the act of May 17, 1950, is $1,292,748,500, including maintenance charges through August 18, 1941. The es- timated cost of annual maintenance is $15,000,000. Table A lists major Mississippi River improvements included in the existing project; table B lists those on tributaries and outlets; and table C contains data pertinent to dams and reservoirs. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1579 TABLE A. Mississippi River improvements Location Improvement Remarks Mileage above Head Locality of Passes 230-966 Baton Rouge-Cairo-............. Dredging where required- ... 10-966 Venice, La.-Cairo----------- ............-- Revetment, contraction work__ 11-25 BaptisteColletteBayou-Ostrica, Main line levee setback, left La. bank. 44-91 Bohemia, La.-New Orleans .--Main line levee and floodwall, left bank. 91-104 New Orleans . ........------------------- do - Authorized by Pub- lie Law 515, 81st Cong. 104-230 New Orleans-Baton Rouge .... do.------------ 234 Baton Rouge Harbor........----------. Devils Swamp barge channel-... Authorized by Pub- lie Law 858, 80th Cong. 432-718 Vicksburg-Lake View, Miss- ... Main line levee, left bank --..- 718-731 Memphis Harbor-------_------ Closure, Tennessee Chute; . Authorized by Pub- levee; harbor channels, etc. lie Law 526, 79th Cong. 807-878 Tiptonville-Obion River_ ..-- Main line levee, left bank, levee Do. extension and diversion of Obion River. 906-931 Slough Bend-Hickman, Ky-.... Main line levee, left bank ..... 10-81 The Jump-New Orleans-- . Main line, levee, right bank -.- 81-96 New Orleans ------- do . .-- --------------. Authorized by Pub- lic Law 516, 81st Cong. 96-277 New Orleans-Morganza -----. . .do_ Extends up South 285301 Morganza-Old River_ ...... _do ....... bank. of Old River to Barbre Landing. 304-564 Old River-Cypress Creek, Ark_ ----. _do Joins Arkansas River South bank levee. 600-660 Henrico-Helena, Ark-------------- do -.--.... 671-1, 001 St.FrancisRiver-Commerce, Mo .-...do . ....------------------ 1, 008-1, 446 Thebes, Ill.-Rock Island-.......Levees, both banks.---------.... Intermittent. 127-129 Bonnet Carre, La., floodway.... Regulating spillway, left bank . 277-285 Morganza, La., floodway-...... Regulating spillway, right bank. 895 St, Johns Bayou, Mo ........-------Drainage floodgate ________- 932 Hickman, Ky. .---..__... .F_ Floodwall, left bank_. 895-964 New Madrid-Birds Point, Mo .- Floodway, right bank_ 966 Cairo, Cairo drainage district ___ Floodwalls and levees .......... 480 Lake Providence, La---------- . ... Filling Grant's Canal ..........Authorized by Pub - lic Law 516, 81st Cong. 432 Vicksburg-Yazoo area.- Levee, left bank ___---------- Authorized by Pub- lic Law 391, 70th Cong., as modified by Public Law 526, 79th Cong. __ 1580 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements Location 1 Improvement Remarks Mileage above Locali ity mouth ATCHAFALAYA RIVER AND BASIN, LA. 6 Below Morgan City__. Channel relocation_ _--- Bypass route for In- tracoastal Water- way traffic. 6-18 -..-- do--------. .. . Levees, floodwall east of lower Protection of land Atchafalaya River. east of Morgan City. 6-18 -.. d o ............................ Levees, floodwall, drainage Protection of inclosed structures, and pumping areas west of Ber- plants. wick. 18 Morgan City ..................... Lock in Bayou Boeuf 1.......... Intracoastal Water- way. 18-115 Morgan City-Morganza_ Levee, east protection, includ- ......... Including lower Mor- ing Morgan City floodwall. ganza guide levee. 108-116 Lacour-Red Cross__ Levee, upper Morganza guide. 81-138 Alabama Bayou-Barbre Landing__ Levee, east bank Atchafalaya River. 133 Simmesport-Hamburg ............ Levee, fuse plug, west Atchafa- laya floodway. Coulee des Grues ___ Levee enlargement and culvert extension. Mansura to Wax Lake Outlet and West Atchafalaya Basin protec- Wax Lake (Outlet to Berwick). tion levee. 107-108 M elville -..... _ ................ Levee, ring..... 133 Simmesport._ _- Levee, ring and drainage struc- ture. 32 Atchafalaya Bay-Six Mile Lake___ Outlet, Wax Lake_.- 63-133 Bayou Garofler-Simmesport --.. Levee, west bank Atchafalaya River. 54 Bayou Sorrel 1- Lock, Bayou Sorrel ---- Plaquemine-Morgan City alternate route, Gulf Intra- coastal Waterway. 109 Bayou Latenache .... Drainage structure, Pointe Cou- Through upper Mor- pee. ganza guide levee. 20 Berwick 1 Lock __ - Lower Atchafalaya River. 26 Patterson_ __ Water system_ Adjustment to pro- vide fresh water. 32 Calumet Floodgates -.... 2 floodgates, Bayou Teche-Wax Lake Outlet. 50 I Charenton - Floodgate and navigation chan- Bayou Teche to Grand Lake nel. through West Atchafalaya pro- tection levee. 96 Bayou Courtableau_ Drainage control structuresD.... 97 Bayou Darbonne___ Drainage structure _._.... Through West Atch- afalaya protection levee. 18-81 Morgan City-Alabama Bayou .- Floodway, Atchafalaya Basin-.. 81-115 Alabama Bayou-Mississippi River_ Floodway, Morganza-........... 81-138 Alabama Bayou-Red River ...... Floodway, West Atchafalaya --. 50 Jaws-Lake Fausse Pointe ......... Outlet, Charenton Drainage and Restoration of drain- Navigation Canal protection age west of West levee. Atchafalaya Basin protection levee. 18-54 1Morgan City-Bayou Sorrel Lock. Alternate channel, Plaquemine- Channel east of East Morgan City alternate route Atchafalaya pro- Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. tection levee. 32 Wax Lake Outlet_ Bridges, railway and highway_ 95 West Atchafalaya floodway ..... do..do- 95 Morganza floodway_ ----- do 107 ....do ---- - do--------------------------- do 115 ..--- do-..------------------------- 128 Bayou des Glaises, West Atchafa- I Diversion channel -------- - laya protection levee borrow pit. 1 General data concerning the Bayou Boeuf, Bayou Sorrel, and Berwick locks where the Atchafalaya Basin protection levees cross the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway, the alternate route to Plaquemine, La., and the lower Atchafalaya River (extension of Bayou Teche Waterway) respectively, are given in the report on improvement of Rivers and Harbors in the New Orleans district. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1581 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth BAYOUS RAPIDES, BOEUF Authorized by Pub- AND COCODRIE, LA. lic Law 228, 77th Cong. Bayou Courtableau-Bayou Rapides Diversion Channel 0-17 Bayou Cocodrie -------------- Enlargement and realinement_.. 17-40 Bayous Cocodrie-Boeuf diversion_ New channel-__ 40-51 Bayou Boeuf.----.....-- -------- Enlargement and realinement_ 51-60 Bayous Boeuf-Rapides diversion_ New channel_. - Bayou Cocodrie 17-42 Upper Cocodrie-.....___------ Enlargement, clearing and snag- ging. Bayou Boeu f 87-107 Bayou Lamourie to Kincaid-._-_ Enlargement, realinement, clear- ing and snagging. Structures 40 Lecompte control structure, __... Fixed elevation structure..-.... 60 Bayou Rapides control structure - Gated structure_----------- 87 Bayou Lamourie control structure- -. _ do---------- Various..............-------------------- Railway, highway, and local road bridges and pipeline crossings. RED RIVER, LA. 82-145 Moncla-Hotwells ..............--- Levee, south bank- .......... RED RIVER BACKWATER Tensas-Cocodrie area..........--- Levees, drainage channels, and structures. AMITE RIVER, LA. Amite River, La-..--..----- ------. Bank protection.____ .- Authorized by Pub- lic Law 516, 81st Cong. LAKE PONCHARTRAIN, LA. Lake Ponchartrain, Jefferson Flood protection-.............. Do. Parish, La. ARKANSAS RIVER BASIN Grand Prairie Region and Bayou Water supply and drainage im- Do. Meto Basin, Ark. provements. OUACHITA RIVER, LA. 56 Jonesville, La .................... Levees, floodwall pumping Portion of levee built plant, and interior drainage under sec. 6, Pub- structures. lic Law 391, 70th Cong., F. C. G. project authorized by Public Law 738, 74th Cong., Public Law 516 81st Cong., places project under F. C. M. R. & T. (Sen. Doc. 117, 81st Cong., 1st sess). 99-178 Monroe-Sandy Bayou__.............Levees, left bank.._________ Intermittent, author- ized by sec. 6 of May 15, 1928 act. 177 Bawcomville, La--.... Levees, culverts, floodgates, and ..----------- Work being accom- and pumping stations and plished under sec. temporary flapgates. 6 of May 15, 1928 act. 1582 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. T. S. ARMY, 1954 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Improvement Remarks Mileage above Locality mouth BOEUF AND TENSAS BASINS, LA. Authorized by Pub- AND ARK. lic Law 534, 78th Cong., and Public Law 526 79th Cong. BOEUF RIVER 0-32 ..................................... Clearing. ---- - -.. --- Public Law 516, 81st Cong., modifies re- quirements of local cooperation. 151-233 Above Bayou Lafourche .......... Enlargement and realinement,_ Canals 19, 43, ahd 81 and Big Channel improvement .-------- _ Bayou. Bayou Lafourche, La. 0-63 Boeuf River (mile 32) to and Channel improvement and re- Do. through Bayou Lafourche to alinement. Boeuf River (mile 151). Big and Colewa Creek 0-26 - ----- ------ ------ ----. - ------ Clearing, snagging, and realine- ment. Enlargement, realinement_-. Tensas River 61-160 .......... -- Channel improvement_ Public Law 516, 81st Cong., modifies re- Bayou Macon quirements of local cooperation. 0-170 To mouth of Ditch Bayou Clearing and snagging__------ 123 Upper end Sandy Lake.. I Levee ....- - - --- 120 Small outlet, right bank ..-.... Closure 127 .... do .... ... .- ---. do. Structures Various . . - . . ___. . Railway and highway bridges and pipeline crossings. YAZOO RIVER AND BASIN, MISS. 0-381 Yazoo River, below Arkabutla Channel improvement .. . Including Tallahat- Dam. chie and Coldwa. ter Rivers. 0--64 Yalobusha River, below Grenada ---- do-............. ............ Dam. 0-13 Yocona River, below Enid Dam_ --- d o ----- - - - - Above Panola-Quit- man floodway. 0-26 Little Tallahatchie River, below -.. do... Do. Sardis Dam. 0-88 Cassidy Bayou, below Old Cold- - ..d o ...- - - - - Including Moores water River. Bayou, Cutoff Bayou, Whiting Lake and outlet. 75-366 Yazoo River below Prichard, Levee, right bank.. ... Intermittent. Miss. 75 345 Yazoo River, between Yazoo City Levees, left bank.... Do. and Askew. 0-24 Tallahatchie River-Little Talla- Levees, Panola-Quitman flood- hatchie River. way. 0-75 Lower Yazoo River .-. ___-... Levees and pumping plants.--. Backwater and flood control. 75-381 Arae betweenYazoo-Tallahatchie- Levees and channel improve- Authorized by Pub- Coldwater River system and ment. lic Law 526, 79th the hills, including Bobo Bayou. Cong. McKinney Bayou, _.......... Channel improvement or en- Do. largement of pumping plant. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1583 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Mileage Improvement Remarks above Locality mouth BIG SUNFLOWER RIVER, ETC. Channel improvement . Authorized by Pub- 0-212 Big Sunflower River............ 0-11 Hull Brake-Mill Creek Canal-... .... do __-_------- lic Law 526, 79th 14-27 Hushpuckena River............. -----doC------------------- - Cong. Public Law S'-66 Quiver River.................... 6-20 30-461 Bogue Phalia..................... --,do--------------------------i516, do modifies require- 81st Cong., ments of local co- j operation. 0-4 Ditchlow Bayou-................ .--do---------- ----- - - - 0-27 Little Sunflower River........... _do_-- --- -- _----------- ----do-------------------------- - -- - 154-160 Deer Creek...................... ----- do-------------------- 0-70 Steele Bayou........... .... __ ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. 23-98 Yancopin-Pine Bluff.............. Levee, south bank ........ 35-98 Fletcher Bend, Ark., to Pine Bluff. Revetment.....-- -------- 48-102 North Little Rock to Gillett Lev ee , n o rth b an k ..- - ..... (below Plum Bayou). WHITE RIVER AND BASIN, ARK. 18-50 Laconia Circle-Old Town Lake.... Levee, backwater including out- Mile 600-740 Missis- let structures. sippi River. 100-220 Augusta to Clarendon. . .. Levees, outlet structures_. 125 DeValls Bluff............. ___._ . .. Levee, outlet structure anl pumping station. 147 D es A rc, A rk ......... .. . . .. ..--- do-...----------------- - -- Authorized by Pub lic Law 516, 81st Cong. 0-196 Cache River, Ark... Channel improvement and Do. structures. 0-90 Bayou DeView, Ark ..... __.__.__ ,do-.....-- ----------- ....-- ... Do. ST. FRANCIS RIVER AND BASIN, ARK. AND MO. 0-305 Mouth of St. Francis River- Floodway, levees, drainage Wappapello Dam. channels and structures. 0-105 Little River Basin __ .. ..... ______ ... do........----------------. 15-36 Tyronza River........_._._._.. Channel improvement . .. 155 Marked Tree, Ark. ____ Marked Tree Siphon-......... 0-29 Big Slough Ditch ....... __ ___. Channel improvement-.......... 0-17 Mayo Ditch ............. .. ..... do....................------------------- 0-12 Cross County Ditch_ ___......... ..... ----- do..--......-....-----------. L'Anguille River, Ark. 9-60 .................................... .do_ Authorized by Pub- lie Law 858, 80th Cong. WEST TENNESSEE TRIBUTARIES 0-81 Obion River and tributary North, .do_ Do. South, Middle, and Rutherford Forks. 0-75 Forked Deer River and tributary North, Middle, and South Forks. Do. ST. JOHNS BAYOU, MO. 0-11 - New Madrid-Sikeston Ridge.... Levee and floodgate... Mile 895, Mississipp River. LITTLE RIVER DIVERSION CHANNEL Delta to Ancell, Mo-......___ Levees ... Mile 50 above Cairo. 1584 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 TABLE B. Mississippi River tributary and outlet improvements-Continued Location Improvement i Remarks Mileage above Locality mouth MISSOURI RIVER, MO. 0-28 Mouth to St. Charles, Mo_ _ _ __......do -.. ILLINOIS RIVER, ILL. 0-120 Mouth to Havana, IIll... - I Levees -_ Intermittent. (Sec.6.) OHIO RIVER, ILL. AND KY. 0-5 Cairo to Cache River ............. Floodwall,levee, andrevetment. TABLE C. Mississippi River tributary dams and reservoirs Sardis Name 1__--------- ------- -- Grenada Enid Little Tal- Arkabutla Wappapello 2 River ....---------------- ------- Yalobusha Yocona lahatchie I Coldwater 2 St. Francis Nearest town to dam site------------............. Grenada Enid Sardis Arkabutla Wappapello Drainage area- ........ square miles_. 1, 320 560 1,545 1,000 1,310 Conservation pool: Area........---------...thousand acres_. 10 6 10 5 5 Volume......thousand acre-feet.. 86 58 92 31 39 Elevation...feet, mean sea level.. 193 230 235 210 355 Flood-control pool: Area ---------............ thousand acres.- 65 28 58 33 23 Volume......thousand acre-feet__ 1,252 602 1,478 494 586 Runoff--- ........--.....-------- inches_ 17.8 20.2 18.0 9.3 8.4 Outlet gates: Number....------------------------ 3 2 4 3 3 Size .--....---........-----..-------- feet 7.5 x 14 8 x 16 6 x 12 8. 5x 19 10 x 20 Capacity, thousand cubic feet per second__ 10.0 9.4 10.0 10.0 18.0 Spillway: Type, uncontrolled----- ... _..... Chute Chute Chute Chute Gravity Length-----............----------......feet 200 200 400 300 740 Elevation, crest, feet, mean sea level------------..........- 231 268 282 239 395 Discharge capacity, thousand cubic feet per second. 52 50 132 89 156 Surcharge pool: Area---------............thousand acres__ 106 41 90 63 32 Volume-......thousand acre-feet_ 1, 385 554 1,447 858 521 ...........--... Runoff---------- inches_. 19.7 18.5 17.6 16.1 7.5 Elevation...feet, mean sea level_. 247. 5 284.0 301.6 257.0 414.0 Dam: Type, earthfill-------------------.................. Rolled Rolled Hydraulic Rolled Rolled Length ..- ...... thousand feet_ 13.9 8.4 15.3 10.0 2.7 Elevation, crest, feet, mean sea level_ 256.0 293.0 312.0 265.0 420.0 1 Grenada, Enid, Sardis, and Arkabutla Reservoirs are in Yazoo River Basin, Miss.; Wappapello Reser- voir is in St. Francis River Basin, Mo. S Subtract 0.6 from elevations for Sardis, 0.3 for Wappapello, and 0.7 for Arkahutla to correct for 1941 and 1944 adjustments. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1585 The existing project was authorized by the following acts: Acts Work authorized Documents May 15, 1928 Flood protection in the alluvial valley of the Missis- H. Doc. 90, 70th Cong., 1st sess. June 19, 1930 sippi River; revetment and contraction works and Feb. 15, 1933 dredging to provide least channel depth of 9 feet Apr. 23, 1934 and width of 300 feet below Cairo. June 15, 1936 Morganza floodway, outlet west of Berwick, Atcha- House Committee on Flood Con- Aug. 28, 1937 falaya Basin; control of headwater floods, St. Fran- trol Doc. 1, 74th Cong., 1st sess.; June 28, 1938 cis and Yazoo Basins; flood control works along House Committee on Flood Con- Cache River, Ill., roads on levees and drainage ad- trol Doe. 1, 75th Cong., 1st sess. justments incident to floodway levees. Aug. 18, 1941 Enlargement of main line levees to offset abandon- H. Doc. 359, 77th Cong., 2d sess. ment of floodways between Arkansas and Red Rivers, flood control works in backwater areas of Yazoo and Red Rivers, and in Bayous Rapides, Boeuf and Cocodrie, La. Dec. 22, 1944 Navigation channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide be- H. Doc. 509, 78th Cong., 2d sess. tween Baton Rouge and Cairo; execution of chan- nel improvement and stabilization program; flood control improvement of Yazoo River (lower tribu- taries), and protection of Yazoo River backwater area in vicinity of Satartia. July 24, 1946 Improvement of Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and S. Doc. 151, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Bayou Macon; Bayou Lafourche; Yazoo River S. Doc. 191, 79th Cong., 2d sess.; tributaries; Bayou des Glaises; levee on north bank H. Doc. 516, 78th Cong., 2d sess.; Arkansas River (below Plum Bayou), levees on H. Doc. 602, 79th Cong., 2d sess.; White River; Tiptonville-Obion levee and drain- H. Doc. 757, 79th Cong., 2d sess. age improvements (west Tennessee tributaries); H. Doc. 98, 76th Cong., 1st sess. St. Johns Bayou Mo.; Memphis Harbor, Tenn. H. Doc. 138, 80th Cong., 1st sess. (Tennessee chute); levee protection for Vicksburg- Yazoo area. Tennessee Chute (Memphis Harbor)....... _-....- S. Doc. 51, 80th Cong., 1st sess. June 30, 1948 Improvement of the Mississippi River below Cape H. Doc. 627, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Girardeau, Mo., with respect to west Tennessee tributaries. Improvement of L'Anguille River, Ark.............. H. Doe. 651, 80th Cong., 2d sess. Barge channel 12 feet deep and 300 feet wide from H. Doc. 321, 80th Cong., 1st sess. Mississippi River mile 234.5 through Swamp, La. bevils May 17, 1950 Flood protection at Des Arc, Ark_... ............ H. Doe. 485, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Improvement of St. Francis River and Basin, Ark. H. Doc. 132, 81st Cong., 1st sess. and Mo. Imljrovement of Cache River and Bayou DeView, S. Doc. 88, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Ark. and Mo. Improvement of Grand Prairie region and Bayou H. Doc. 255, 81st Cong., 1st sess. Meto Basin, Ark. Flood protection, Lake Pontchartrain, Jefferson S. Doc. 139, 81st Cong., 2d sess. Parish, La. Filling Grant's Canal, Lake Providence, La.; addi- tional protection to Red River backwater area; extending Federal jurisdiction to cover levees in Orleans Parish, La.; and bank protection, Amite, La. Oct. 30, 1951 Modification of requirements for local cooperation in Pub. Law 237, 82d Cong., 1st sess. the White River backwater area, Arkansas. Recommended modification of project. The Mississippi River Commission has submitted reports to the Chief of Engineers recom- mending the following modifications of the project, as amended: a. Report dated September 20, 1950 (S. Doc. 53, 82d Cong., 1st sess.), recommending navigation improvement on Atchafalaya' and Old Rivers between Morgan City, La., and the Mississippi River by providing a 12-by 125-foot channel through shoal areas in Grand and Six Mile Lakes at an estimated additional first cost of $440,000 and an estimated annual cost of $150,000 for maintenance. This plan was concurred in by the Chief of Engineers on May 1, 1951. b. Report dated February 11, 1952 (H. Doc. 85, 83d Cong.. 1st sess.), recommending construction of an industrial fill, harbor chan- nel, and appurtenant approach navigation channel and approach fills near Vicksburg, Miss., substantially in accordance with a described plan with such modifications thereto as the Chief of En- 1586 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 gineers may deem advisable, at estimated costs to the United States of $3,220,000 for construction and $21,000 for annual main- tenance, subject to the conditions that these improvements are in lieu of those for the Vicksburg-Yazoo area, Miss., authorized in Public Law 526 of the 79th Congress, and that local interests furnish specified cooperation. c. Report dated December 20, 1951 (H. Doc. 183, 83d Cong., 1st sess.), recommending the construction of improvements in the New Madrid floodway, Missouri, substantially in accordance with an outlined plan at an estimated additional cost to the United States of $1,556,000 subject to the condition that local interests furnish re- quired cooperation. d. Report dated February 2, 1954 (H. Doc. 478, 83d Cong., 2d sess.), recommending provision for the control of flows from the Mississippi River into the Atchafalaya River and Basin via Old River by the construction and operation of control structures on the right bank of the Mississippi River at additional estimated costs to the United States (exclusive of navigation lock which will be reported on at a later time) of $46,741,000 for construction and $231,000 annually for operation and maintenance. e. Report dated April 29, 1954 (S. Doc. 160. 83d Con r., 2d sess.), recommending provision for the construction of additional channel improvements in the Reelfoot Lake area, Tennessee and Kentucky in accordance with an outlined plan at an estimated addi- tional cost to the United States of $748,100 subject to the condition that local interest furnish the required cooperation. References to published articles not previously reported. Paper entitled "Mississippi-Atchafalaya Diversion Problem" by Brig. Gen. John R. Hardin, United States Army, president, Mississippi River Commission printed in "The Military Engineer" for March- April 1954. Local cooveration. Section 2 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928 stated that, in view of the great expenditure, esti- mated at approximately $292,000,000, heretofore made by the local interests in the alluvial valley of the Mississippi for protection against the floods of that river; in view of the extent of National concern in the control of these floods in the interest of National prosperity, the flow of interstate commerce, and the movement of the United States mails and in view of the gigantic scale of the project involving flood waters of a volume and flowing from a drainage area largely outside the states most affected and far ex- ceeding those of any other river in the United States, no local contribution to the project is required. Requirements of local cooperation however are stipulated in section 3 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended. Such requirements have in general been com- plied with by local interests as construction of the project has advanced. Terminal facilities. See volume 1 of the four-volume report of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors, entitled "Survey of Terminals and Landings on the Inland Waterways of the United States" and Port Series for New Orleans, La., No. 20, 1947, and Lake Charles, La. No. 21, 1947, also folio of Flood Control and MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1587 Navigation Maps of the Mississippi River, Cairo, Ill., to the Gulf of Mexico (21st edition), 1953. OPERATIONS AND RESULTS DURING FISCAL YEAR Commission activities. The 242d session of the commission was held on board the U. S. steamer Mississippi en route on Mis- sissippi River from Cairo, Ill. to mouth of Old River, La., the Old River and Atchafalaya River from the mouth of Old River to Simmesport, La., and the Mississippi River from Old River to Baton Rouge, La., from October 17 to 23, 1953. The 243d session was held on board the same steamer en route on the Mississippi River from Cairo, Ill. to the mouth of Old River to Simmesport, thence on board the U. S. steamer General John Newton on the Atchafalaya River to Morgan City, La., and the Mississippi River from New Orleans, La. to the mouth of Southwest Pass, from May 4 to 11, 1954. On the river trips, major features of the project were inspected and public hearings were held at which representa- tives of local government agencies, navigation, levee, commercial, and other interests presented problems pertaining to flood control and navigation. In addition to the inspection trips via steamer, members of the commission inspected major flood control and navigation improve- ments under the jurisdiction of the commission and reviewed and acted on two reports, namely: 1. Review Report on Mississippi River and Tributaries with re- spect to Old River Control dated February 2, 1954, which was submitted to Congress. Studies and design of structures recom- mended in this report are under way. 2. Review of Reports, Lower Mississippi River for Flood Control and Major Drainage in Reelfoot Lake Area, Tenn. and Ky. dated April 29, 1954. A report was-submitted to the Chief of Engineers recommending approval, under the provisions of section 6 of the Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936, for the construction of additional drainage 6titlet. iriprovements for the completion of the Atchafa- laya Basin floodway to afford flood benefits in the Bayou Courta- bleau Basin and outlets. A resolution by the Committee on Public Works of the United States Senate, adopted June 12, 1954, authorizes a review of the project for flood control of the Mississippi River in its alluvial valley and for its improvement from the Head of the Passes to Cape Girardeau, Mo., as one comprehensive whole and in its entirety and submission of recommendations for any modifications that are ad- visable with 'iespect to the project or any feature of the project. Preliminary studies under this authority have been initiated. The president, Mississippi River Commission, and his engineer- ing assistants made periodic inspections of flood control, navigation, and related works under the existing project along the Mississippi River acid triblitaries in the alluvial valley from Cape Girardeau, Mo to the Gdlfbf Mexico. No major floods. occurred during the fiscal year but through the combined effortiibof local authorities and Fderal personnel, close 1588 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 contact with minor and local flood situations was maintained and operations were carried out efficiently. Surveys, gages, and observations. Routine hydrographic sur- veys of the river between Head of Passes and Cairo, construction and special surveys and inspections were made as required. Gages were maintained and discharge observations made. Results thereof are presented in detail in annual pamphlets issued by the Missis- sippi River Commission. Alluvial valley mapping. Preparation and publication of con- toured maps of the alluvial valley (scale 1:62,500) and quadrangle maps were continued. On the new total 16-sheet, scale 1:250,000 map of the alluvial valley of the lower Mississippi, the initial com- pilation has been completed on four sheets preparatory to review and printing, and other sheets are in various stages of compilation. Work accomplished in the districts follows: Memphis district: New editions of the DeWitt quadrangle and the new Holly Springs quadrangle were published. Eight remapped quadrangles were completedThebes, Cairo, Charleston, Bayou- ville, Hickman, Malden, Pascola, and Hayti; 23 new and remapped quadrangles are in the process of reproduction-Indian Bay, Hen- rico, Mellwood, Farrell, Latour, Park Place, Edmondson, Decker- ville, Marked Tree, Manila, Evadale, Memphis, Horseshoe Lake, Clayton, Blytheville, Mason, Caruthersville, Portageville, New Madrid, Charleston, Thebes, Cairo, and Reelfoot Lake; and a con- tract for the compilation of new planimetry on 12 quadrangles located in the White River and St. Francis River Basins, awarded fiscal year 1951, is under way. Four additional quadrangles are about 50 percent complete, and preparation has been started on the compilation of five others. Vicksburg district: The Sardis, Pittsboro, Duck Hill, and Gren- ada quadrangle maps were published. Drafting was continued on the McCarley, Oakland, Water Valley, and Coffeeville quadrangle maps. New Orleans district: Work was completed on revising the Artonish quadrangle map. The map was redrafted to the scale 1:20,000 and will be published to scale 1:62,500. Color separation drawings were completed for the Napoleonville quadrangle and the map 'was published to the scale of 1:62,500. Color separation drawings were also completed for the Belle Isle and Jeanerette maps. Work is in progress on the color separation drawings for Batchelor, Fordoche, Morgan City, and Osca Bayou quadrangle maps. Costs incurred for surveys, gages, and observations and for alluvial valley mapping during the fiscal year, not including cost of surveys incident and chargeable to construction features, are given in table G. MississippiRiver dredging: A toal of 46,403,493 cubic yards of material was dredged in the Mississippi River channel in the three districts, whereby minimum depth of 9 feet was maintained except for two days, September 19 and 20, 1953, and 11/2days, October 5 and 6, 1953, at Overton Crossing, mile 737 AHP where 8 2, feet existed. In addition to dredging, channel patrols and surveys were made as required; navigation notices issued; navigation aids main- MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1589 tained; snags, wrecks, and obstructions removed; liaison contact pilot service with commercial navigation was maintained; channel conditions were broadcast by radio; and velocity data were fur- nished at troublesome reaches. Dredging by districts was as follows: New Orleans district: Channel maintenance: The U. S. dredge Jadwin operated on the Mississippi River at mile 297.1 AHP, moving 373,852 cubic yards. Vicksburg district:a. Channel maintenance. One Government- owned dredge was operated 32 times at 21 locations on the Missis- sippi River between mile 320 AHP and mile 593 AHP, moving 5,566,588 cubic yards of material. One leased dredge was operated in Greenville Harbor moving 550,544 cubic yards of material. b. Miscellaneous dredging. One Government-owned dredge was operated at one privately owned oil dock moving 43,458 cubic yards of material, and at one Government-owned dock moving 38,889 cubic yards of material. Memphis district: a. Channel maintenance. On the Mississippi River, between mile 593 AHP and 964 AHP, dredges were operated 99 times at 54 locations. Four Government-owned dredges re- moved 28,654,525 cubic yards of material and two leased dredges removed 7,934,451 cubic yards of material. b. Channel improvement. One leased cutterhead dredge at Sunrise Towhead Chute, mile 775, removed 3,241,186 cubic yards of material thereby developing a new channel to prevent bank erosion into the controlling levee. Costs for dredging during the fiscal year are given in table G. Authorized Mississippi River harbors: New Orleans district: Baton Rouge Harbor extension (Devils Swamp Canal)-No work done. Vicksburg district: Vicksburg-Yazoo industrial area (harbor extension) -No work done. Memphis district: Tennessee Chute (Memphis Harbor)-Work on the industrial embankment was continued with 9,186,523 cubic yards (including 642,177 cubic yards placed in fiscal year 1953) being placed during the fiscal year, which gives a total of 30,409,500 cubic yards placed to date. Work on the Nonconnah Creek sewer extension is approximately 80 percent complete. Approximately 617 acres of the proposed 960-acre industrial fill is completed to grade. The project as a whole is approximately 58 percent com- plete. Wolf River (Memphis Harbor)-See report on the improvement of Rivers and Harbors in the Memphis district. Costs for project work are given in table G. Bank protection. A total of 130,655 linear feet of new revet- ment work was accomplished on the Mississippi, Red, Arkansas, and Ohio Rivers, of which 19,780 linear feet were in the New Orleans district, 27,035 linear feet in the Vicksburg district, and 84,340 linear feet in the Memphis district. Data concerning the work are shown by district in tables D- through D-3. Repairs were made where required. Costs for this work are given in table G. Mainline Mississippi Rwer Levee,. Work in the New Orleans, 1590 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Vicksburg, and Memphis districts included restoration and enlarge- ment of levees to project grade and cross section. A total of 6,139.000 cubic yards of levee construction was accomplished. In the Vicksburg and Memphis districts, roadway embankments of 15 to 20. feet in width were placed adjacent to the crown of the levees. (See tables E-1 through E-3). The Rock Island district accomplished 62,000 cubic yards of levee construction on the Mississippi River under section 6 of the Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928, as amended. (See table E-4).. No work of this type was undertaken in the St. Louis district. New Orleans district: Additional work in connection with levees includes installation of levee wavewash protection works, consist- ing of concrete slope paving, stone slope paving and toe protection, and maintenance of timber structures locally known as wooden revetments. Status of this work is given in table E-6. Two gravel roadways totaling 1.5 miles, and a 0.2-mile section of bituminous surfaced highway were constructed where levees are being set back. Construction of 2,500 linear feet of floodwall at Dumaine Street in New Orleans was completed July 7, 1953; placing of shell fills for the closure section was accomplished under separate contract between March 6 and September 15, 1953. Vicksburg district. Levee work included restoration and en- largement of approximately 6.3 miles of levees to project grade and cross section. A total of 4,338 linear feet of floodwall at Vicks- burg, Miss., has been constructed of which 1,988 linear feet were accomplished during the fiscal year. Memphis district: Additional work in connection with levees includes the placing of clay gravel on roadway embankment of ap- proximately 7 miles in the White River levee district and 8 miles in the upper St. Francis levee district. Costs for levee work during the fiscal year are given in table.G. Floodways and outlets. New Orleans district: a. Atchafalaya floodway, La. Construction of the high-level railroad crossing over the West Atchafalaya floodway from Krotz Springs to Courta- bleau was continued under a reimbursable contract with the New Orleans, Texas & Mexico Railway Company, and is about 92 percent complete. Approximately 737,300 cubic yards were placed in the embankment, making the final phase embankment 94 percent complete. Construction of the steel spans for raising the bridge over the Atchafalaya River was commenced on July 8 and com- pleted December 31, 1953. Construction of the trestle sections continued and is now about 98 percent complete. Negotiations are being conducted with the State of Louisiana, Department of Highways, for an agreement covering the design and construction of a high-level crossing for U. S. Highway No. 190 between Courtableau and Krotz Springs. A draft of the agreement for preparation of plans and specifications has been forwarded to the Department of Highways for approval. At Bayou Boeuf lock the following work was accomplished: 33,700 cubic yards were excavated, 75,650 cubic yards of fill and backfill were placed in the embankment, and 9,350 square feet of sheet piling were driven: the timber guide walls, concrete work, stone protection, and concrete mattress were completed in Febru- MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1591 ary; and installation of sector gates and operating machinery was completed in June. The contract for construction of the lock was completed on June 14, 1954. Excavating and stockpiling material for Bayou Boeuf closure and dredging of minimum approach chan- nels were accomplished under separate contracts. Partial excava- tion of the approach channels was commenced March 21 and 395,900 cubic yards had been excavated and stockpiled for Bayou Boeuf closure by May 30, 1954, when the contract was completed. Dredging of the east and west minimum approach channels was initiated on May 15 and completed on June 28, 1954, with a total of 346,252 cubic yards dredged. All work under contract for construction of Tiger Island levee and floodwall was completed on April 14, 1954. A total of 72,270 cubic yards was placed in the embankment, a reinforced concrete floodwall 1.990 feet in length and a drainage structure were con- structed, 2,500 linear feet of railroad was relocated and 3,500 linear feet raised. At Coulee des Grues 0.2 mile of levee was enlarged and 70 feet of culvert extension, with stilling basin and sluice gates, was con- structed. Levee enlargement on the east and west protection levee systems was continued, and first lift closure of gaps in the east protection levee below Morgan City at Bayou Penchant and Sword Bayou was effected. In the Atchafalaya Basin and floodway 0.45 mile of levees was constructed and 7.8 miles enlarged or topped. Advance planning and surveys are in progress. A letter report was prepared and submitted April 7, 1954, on "Mississippi River and Tributaries, Atchafalaya Basin Floodway, West Protection Levee Intercepted Drainage." Field surveys were initiated for the proposed control structure at Bayou Courtableau in the West Atchafalaya Basin protection levee and for the inlet and outlet channels. Work in connection with interior drainage west of Berwick was accomplished as follows: A total of 344,900 cubic yards was moved in excavating a drainage channel south of Bayou Teche, Calumet to Wax Lake east levee borrow pit, along the east side of the Wax Lake Outlet east spoil bank. Construction of Wax Lake West drainage structure was initiated July 31, 1953, and completed June 18, 1954. Construction of Wax Lake East drainage structure was started January 4, 1954; 15,600 cubic yards were excavated for the structure and 23,000 cubic yards for the channel, 33 percent of the concrete has been placed in the base slab and keys, and 71 percent has been placed in the stabilization slab; the drainage structure is approximately 29 percent complete. Two supply contracts were awarded for purchase of pumps and pumping equipment for Bayou Yokely pumping station; delivery has been made of two vacuum pumps with electrical equipment covered by one contract, and manufacture of the main pumps and equipment under the other contract is approximately 50 percent complete. A contract was awarded on June 8, 1954, for construction of Bayou Yokely pump- ing station but work has not started. Plans and specifications for North Bend and Morgan City-Bayou Boeuf pumping stations have been completed. 1592 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 The acquisition of flowage easements in the West Atchafalaya floodway (including extension of the floodway) is complete, except for processing Department of Justice requirements in connection with condemnation cases, which is about 99 percent complete. In the Atchafalaya floodway below the latitude of Krotz Springs, acquisition of flowage easements for the project, "Bayou Chene and vicinity," is complete, except for making of final payments by the Department of Justice for seven tracts in condemnation, or the equivalent of 88 percent complete. Acquisition of flowage ease- ments in connection with the project "Lands below the latitude of Krotz Springs," is approximately 25 percent complete. (Approxi- mately 95 percent of the tracts in this project on which claims have been filed by property owners have been appraised. Negotiations to secure options during fiscal year have failed since landowners have refused to sign due to easement values presently assigned these tracts.) Acquisition of all lands for the construction of Bayou Boeuf lock has been completed, except for final payment on one tract in condemnation. b. Morganza floodway, Louisiana. All work on the high-level crossing for U.S. Highway No. 190 was completed when placing of riprap protection at the ends of the embankment was completed on September 12, 1953. Construction of the combined high-level crossing for State Highway No. 30, the Texas & Pacific Port Allen branch line, and a control structure was continued, with the following work accom- plished: Phases IV and V (final) embankment, which was commenced November 3, 1952, was completed on March 8, 1954, with a total of 1,105,247 cubic yards of semicompacted and 106,566 cubic yards of compacted fill placed. The Texas & Pacific Railway Company completed relocation of their Port Allen branch line under a reimbursable contract on April 21, 1953, except for adjustment of the Lacour spur which was com- pleted April 7, 1954. Under a reimbursable contract with the State of Louisiana, De- partment of Highways, for the relocation of State Highway No. 30, the Department of Highways awarded a contract for the completion of approach embankments and temporary surfacing. Construction under this contract was initiated September 1, 1953, and is now approximately 78 percent complete making the highway relocation approximately 41 percent complete. Alterations to the gantry cranes and control structure, initiated February 11, 1953, by hired labor forces, were completed November 7, 1953. The overall status of completion of the combined high-level crossing and control structure is 95 percent. Relocation of a rural electric power line was initiated on Novem- ber 3, 1953, and completed on January 28, 1954. Acquisition of the new cemetery sites is complete, and title to these lands has been conveyed by the contractor to the church organizations involved. Activities in connection with processing final papers on cemetery relocations are 95 percent complete. Preparation of necessary exchange agreements and conveyances MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1593 for the consummation of the various obligations under relocation agreements involving highways, railroads, telephone and telegraph lines and other utilities is now underway and 90 percent of these instruments have been prepared and forwarded to the utility companies for review and approval. Acquisition of comprehensive easements over lands in the proj- ect is complete, except for payment of one tract in condemnation. An "Interim Review of Reports on Mississippi River and Tribu- taries, to determine the Crop Damage resulting from the Use of Herbicide 2,4-D, at Morganza Floodway, Pointe Coupee Parish, La., 25 May to 9 June 1953" was prepared and submitted June 15, 1954. .c.Wax Lake Outlet and Charenton drainage and navigation canal, Louisiana. No construction work was done during the fiscal year. Acquisition of comprehensive easements over all lands required in connection with these features of the project is com- plete. d. Bonnet Carre spillway, Louisiana. (See pp. 2089-2091, An- nual Report for 1938.) Flood stages did not necessitate operation of the spillway. Maintenance of the guide levees and the spillway structure was continued. Other maintenance work, by hired labor forces, consisted of French clearing of 1,132 acres and spraying stumps, weeds, and new growth to improve flowage. Basin improvements. Work accomplished in tributary basins located within the Mississippi River alluvial valley follows by dis- tricts. Bank protection work on lower Red, Arkansas, and Ohio Rivers are given in tables D-1 through D-3. Summaries of levee and channel improvement work in these tributary basins are given in tables E-1 through E-3, E-5, and F-1 through F-3, respectively. Costs for work accomplished are given in table G. New Orleans district, a. Atchafalaya River, Louisiana. Main- tenance of the levee system continued. b. Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie, Louisiana. No Con- struction was accomplished during the fiscal year. A "Review of Reports, Mississippi River and Tributaries, Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, Cocodrie and Courtableau, and Outlets, La.," was prepared and submitted May 28, 1954. c. Lake Pontchartrain, Jefferson Parish, La. A total of 918,448 cubic yards of fill was placed in the levee system. The slope and toe of the levee were protected as follows: By contract, 3,700 linear feet of toe protection was accomplished by placing 11,387 tons of broken concrete; and by hired labor, 3,110 linear feet of levee slope and toe protection, by placing clam shell, stone, broken concrete, and mass asphalt. A contract was awarded for placing 14,700 tons of broken concrete for an additional 5,000 linear feet of toe protec- tion; preparatory work consisting of grading roadway was initi- ated on June 18, 1954, and hauling and placing broken concrete commenced June 30. d. South bank Red River levees, Louisiana. The levee system was maintained. At mile 90.9, 700 linear feet of standard board revetment were constructed. At Scott Home levee, in the vicinity of Boyce, La., a concrete paved ramp was constructed by the State of Louisiana, Department of Highways, between April 12 and June 2, 1954, under a lump-sum agreement. 1594 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Vicksburg district-Yazoo Basin headwater, Miss.: (1) Sardis Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was operated, necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made, and malaria control operations in the reservoir area were continued. Contract for asphalt surfacing of roads in the vicinity of the dam was awarded June 7, 1954. A total of 500,000 pine seedlings was planted by hired labor. There were 509,500 visitor days for recreation. On July 1, 1953, 958,000 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1953 flood season, and by November 10, 1953, the flood pool was emptied. Flood runoff and reservoir stages during the normal high water season were the lowest since 1941. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir during the storm period was 274.8 feet mean sea level, on June 9, 1954, when flood control storage was 198,000 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 20,000 cubic feet per second on January 23, 1954. Average daily releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 2,000 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1954, 173,100 acre-feet remained in the flood control pool, which it is planned to release by October 15, 1954. (2) Arkabutla Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was operated, necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made, and malaria control operations in the reservoir area were carried out. A total of 510,000 pine seedlings was planted by hired labor. There were 82,000 visitor days for recreation. On July 1, 1953, 217,000 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1953 flood season, and by October 23, 1953 the flood pool was emptied. Flood runoff and reservoir stages during the normal high water season were the lowest since the reservoir has been in operation. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir, 220.8 feet mean sea level, was reached January 29, 1954, when flood control storage was 100,500 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 17,000 cubic feet per second on February 20, 1954. Average daily reservoir releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 3,000 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1954, 30,100 acre-feet remained in the flood control pool, which it is planned to release by October 1, 1954. (3) Enid Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was operated and necessary repairs to the dam and appurtenant structures were made. A total of 589,000 pine seedlings was planted by hired labor. There were 116,700 visitor days for recreation. On July 1, 1953, 266,000 acre-feet of water remained in storage from the 1953 flood season, and by November 7, 1953, the flood pool was emptied. Flood runoff and reservoir stages during the normal high water season were the lowest since the reservoir has been in operation. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir was 237.4 feet mean sea level on January 25, 1954, when flood control storage was 57,000 acre-feet. Peak inflow was about 13,000 cubic feet per second on January 21, 1954. Average daily reservoir releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 1,000 cubic feet per second. On June 80, MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1595 1954, 56,800 acre-feet remained in the flood control pool, which it is planned to release by October 15, 1954. there are 44,133 acres of land authorized for acquisition in the dam and reservoir areas. Acquisition is complete except for four tracts in condemnation now pending before Federal courts. (4) Grenada Reservoir. (See table C.) Contract for construc- tion of outlet works, closure section and appurtenant works was completed January 12, 1954. Total quantities involved in the completion of major items of excavation under the contract, in- cluding those for the fiscal year were as follows: Stripping for embankment, 116,351 cubic yards; borrow, 1,738,667 cubic yards; outlet structure, 47,663 cubic yards; and outlet channel, 381,014 cubic yards. Total quantities placed in the embankment, including those for the fiscal year, were as follows: Compacted fill, 1,542,181 cubic yards; pervious fill. 64.008 cubic yards; and backfill, 47,953 cubic yards. A total of 12,168 cubic yards of concrete was placed in the outlet works. Contract for clearing of a portion of the reservoir area, Items I and III, was completed October 26, 1953. Construction of the south access road was completed, except for seeding, by hired labor. Construction of access road and boat channel at Grenada Land- ing, near the south end of the dam, was completed by hired labor September 30, 1953. Reimbursable contract for the relocation of State Highway No. 7 was completed September 17, 1953. Reimbursable contract for the relocation of the facilities of the Illinois Central Railroad across the reservoir was completed in April, 1954. Reimbursable contract for the relocation of the facilities of the Mississippi and Skuna Valley Railroad was completed March 2, 1954. Maintenance of the embankment under the contract is continuing. Reimbursable con- tract for relocation of State Highway No. 330 (Skuna Valley Road) was completed October 27, 1953. Reinbursable contriact for abandonment of a' power line in the reservoir area was completed December 31, 1953. Reimbursable contract for relocation of a Rural Electric Association power line in Yalobusha County was completed in December 1953. Reimbursable contract for relocation of a telephone line in the reservoir area was completed December 31, 1953. County roads: Construction of closure sections of Graysport and Gums Crossings was completed October 7, 1953, and April 20, 1954, respectively. Relocation of Clear Springs and Jones School to Horton Church Road was completed October 30, 1953. Reloca- tion of Big Creek to Gore Springs Road was completed December 5, 1953. Reimbursable contract for relocation of roads in Grenada County was completed October 30, 1953. Under a continuing reimbursable contract for relocation of roads in Yalobusha County, Twisted Tree Road was completed. A total of 404,000 pine seedlings was planted by hired labor. Normal operation began. January 20, 1954, when outlet gates were closed to impound water in the conservation pool. Maximum water elevation in the reservoir was 205.6 feet mean sea level on May 29, 1954, when flood control storage was 191,000 acre-feet. 1596 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Peak inflow was about 13,000 cubic feet per second on May 3, 1954. Average daily reservoir releases, varied to accord with inflow and downstream river stages, ranged from 0 to a maximum of 3,500 cubic feet per second. On June 30, 1954, 39,100 acre-feet remained in the flood control pool, which it is planned to release by July 15, 1954. There are 89,181 acres of land authorized for acquisition in the dam and reservoir areas. Acquisition is complete except for 69 tracts in condemnation now pending before Federal courts. (5) Greenwood protection works. Contract for construction of Lee and Wilson Streets pumping stations was completed September 18, 1953. Payment was made to the City of Greenwood for reloca- tion of a power line. Reimbursable contract for alteration of tele- phone lines was completed October 1, 1953. Maintenance of the completed levees and operation and maintenance of floodgates and pumping station were continued. (6) Yazoo City protection works. Contract for construction of Jonestown Cutoff and adjacent levees was completed September 17, 1953. Contract for the relocation of telephone line was com- pleted August 1, 1953. (7) Channel improvements. Yalobusha River. Intermittent channel clearing and snagging, and installation of tree retards in bendways, between miles 24.3 and 45.0 were initiated by hired labor August 24, 1953, and completed March 12, 1954. Alterations to highway bridge over channel cutoff near Avalon were initiated by hired labor October 12, 1953, and completed November 25, 1953. Contract for clearing and snagging and channel enlargement and realinement between the mouth and mile 11.3 was completed January 2, 1954. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 7.45 miles clearing and snagging and the excavation of 1,192,838 cubic yards of material. (8) Channel maintenance. The following operations were ac- complished as maintenance: (a) Coldwater River: Ammate spraying, 40.7 miles and ran- dom drift removal. (b) Little Tallahatchie River and Panola-Quitman floodway: Clearing and snagging, 5.6 miles, in Panola-Quitman floodway. (c) Yocona River: No work was done. (d) Cassidy Bayou: Clearing, 32.7 miles and Ammate spraying, 14.2 miles. (e) Bobo Bayou: No work was done. (f) Tallahatchie River: Clearing and snagging, 6.4 miles. (g) Yalobusha River: Snagging, 1.8 miles and random drift removal. (h) Yazoo River : Clearing and snagging, 6.3 miles. (9) Bank stabilization. Bank protection in the Yalobusha River at the U. S. Highway No. 51 bridge at Grenada was initiated by hired labor November 3, 1953, and completed December 22, 1953. A total of 2,315 linear feet of treated piles was driven, 2,307 cubic yards of material were moved in grading the banks, and 3,261 tons of riprap stone and 1,519 tons of gravel were placed. (10) Yazoo Basin levees: Contract for construction of levee set- MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1597 back on the right bank of Panola-Quitman floodway (Little Talla- hatchie River) was awarded June 14, 1954. The Coldwater River levees were maintained and the floodgates were operated. Biq Sunflower River, etc., Mississippi: Preparation of plans and specifications, surveys and studies are continuing. Contract for 1.49 miles of channel clean out and construction of Poindexter Cutoff, in Steele Bayou between miles 41.7 and 48.1, was initiated Atgust 11, 1953, and completed February 5, 1954. Operations dur- ing the fiscal year comprised 1,758,584 cubic yards of excavation in 4.9 miles of channel cutoff. Reimbursable contract for relocation of one 8-inch oil pipeline was initiated and completed in October 1953. Yazoo Basin backwater, Mississippi: (See table E-2.) No work was done. Boeuf and Tensas Basins, La. and Ark.: Preparation of plans and specifications, surveys, and studies are continuing. Channel improvement continued as follows: (1) Bayou Lafourche, La. Contract for Channel enlargement, realinement, and clearing and grubbing between miles 34.1 and the upper limit of Bayou Lafourche at mile 56.8 (mile 150.9 on Boeuf River) was completed July 31, 1953. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 197,668 cubic yards of excavation. Contract for widening the pilot ditch between miles 33.6 and 35.7 to full channel width was initiated October 15, 1953, and completed April 24, 1954. Operations comprised 956,513 cubic yards of excavation. Repairs to the Irwin Lake weir and low water dam at mile 40.9 were initi- ated by hired labor October 1, 1953, and completed November 9, 1953. Reimbursable contract for reconstruction of State Highway No. 15 bridge was completed September 14, 1953. Under reimbursable contract, construction of new United States Highway No. 80 bridge was in progress. Under reimbursable contract, reconstruction of Illinois Central Railroad bridge was completed except for observa- tion of scour around the piers. Reimbursable contract of relocation of Richland and Morehouse Parish bridge at mile 56.0 was com- pleted August 18, 1953. Reimbursable contract for alteration of one power transmission line at mile 35.2 was completed March 2, 1954. Rearrangement and alteration of one telephone line at mile 34.5, was in progress. (2) Boeuf River, La. and Ark. Work under contract for channel enlargement and realinement in Reach 1, mile 155.6 to mile 165.3, was initiated August 17, 1953 and is 72 percent complete. Opera- tions during the fiscal year comprised 2,604,487 cubic yards of excavation. Contract for channel enlargement and realinement in Reach 2, mile 165.3 to mile 174.0, was initiated July 17, 1953, and completed February 24, 1954. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 3,767,154 cubic yards of excavation.. Work under one contract for channel enlargement in Reach 3, mile 174.0 to mile 183.0 and in Reach 4, mile 183.0 to mile 196.1, was initiated March 8, 1954, and is 15 percent complete. Operations during the fiscal year comprised 1,341,068 cubic yards of excavation. Reimbursable contract for alteration of State Highway No. 11 bridge in Reach 2 1598 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 was completed February 12, 1954. Relocation of a pipe line-in Reach 4 was completed by the owner without cost to the United States. (3) Big Bayou, Ark. Contract for channel enlargement and channel cleanout between miles 0.0 and 8.0 was completed August 26, 1953. Operations during the fiscal year consisted of the con- struction of a ramp at mile 7.24 and low water weirs at miles 0.24 and 4.34. Repairs to these weirs were initiated and completed by hired labor in November 1953. Red River backwater levees, La.: Work under contract for con- struction of 19.6 miles of new levee, between Dunbarton and the main line Mississippi River levees near Lake St. John, involving the placement of 706,000 cubic yards of embankment, 6 drainage struc- tures, culverts, ditch excavation, and 1,270 linear feet of road relocation and gravel surfacing, was initiated September 28, 1953, and is 87 percent complete. A total of 642,456 cuLbic yards of em- bankment was placed. Enlargement of previously constructed levees to adopted grade and section was completed exceut for reaches totalling approximately 4,300 linear feet in the vicinity of the Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure. A total of 4,405,285 cubic yards of embankment was placed. Plans and specifications for the construction of 450 linear feet of levee wall over the Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure are being prepared in the Mississippi River Commission office. Preparation of plans and specifications for the Buckner Bayou diversion is in progress. Reimbursable contract for Woringer Bayou bridge and drainage alterations is complete. Reimbursable contract for construction of a drainage ditch in the vicinity of Acme, La., was essentialjr completed. The Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure is being operated. Bawcomville, La.: Plans and specifications for construction of two pumping stations and modifications of floodgates were com- pleted. Arkansas River levees: Enlargement of 4.5 miles of levees on the north bank was completed and 11.3 -miles of south banik-levees were restored. Memphis district: a. St. FrancisBasin, Ark. and Mo., Wappapel- lo Reservoir. (See table C.) The facility was maintained in oper- ating condition and malaria control operations were continued. Leasing of reservoir lands was continued, and a patrol of the leased property was maintained. The fish and wildlife conservation pro- gram conducted jointly with the Missouri Conservation Commis- sion was continued. It is estimated that there were 164,000 visitor days of use of recreational facilities in the Wappapello Reservoir area. The reservoir was nominally empty of flood storage at the begining and end of the fiscal year, and the water level was controlled insofar as possible in accordance with the malaria control program. Maximum water surface elevation dur- ing the year was 363.87 feet on June 11, with a net flood storage of 71,400 acre-feet. Peak inflow into the reservoir was 20,700 cubic feet per second on June 9. Maximum outflow during the year was 7,000 cubic feet per second, occurring on June 11, 1954. Levees: Levee construction was continued in the basin with the placing of 6,844,000 cubic yards of earthwork. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1599 Dredging: Dredging operations began February 5, 1954, for channel excavation of 24,000,000 cubic yards in the Madison- Marianna, Arkansas, floodway. One contract dredge removed 2,865,265 cubic yards of material. West Memphis drainage:A total of 341,177 cubic yards of mate- rial was excavated during the fiscal year. A contract for the enlargement of approximately one mile of Ffteen Mile Bayou and 2.5 miles of new diversion ditch of Ten Mile Bayou in Crittenden County, Ark., was completed December 19, 1953. b. White River Basin. The construction of a levee and pumping station at Des Arc, Ark., was completed February 25, 1954. Floods-Memphis district: Rains occurring over the upper reaches of the Mississippi River and Ohio River Basins during January 1954 resulted in a Mississippi River crest stage of 31.25 feet on the Cairo gage on January 27, 1954, with a corresponding maximum discharge of about 600,000 cubic feet per second. Con- fined floods occurred in the St. Francis River Basin during May and June 1954 with a maximum stage of 17.25 at St. Francis Town, Ark., on June 19, 1954. On the White River a maximum stage of 26.1 feet occurred at Clarendon, Ark., on May 11, 1954. Vicksburg district: Crest stages on the Mississippi River were the lowest of record, ranging from about 24 feet below flood stage at Arkansas City to about 20 feet below flood stage at Natchez. These crest stages were 8 feet below the previous lowest crest stage of record (1941) at Arkansas City and 5 feet below the 1941 crest stage at Natchez. Crest stages on the upper Ouachita River ranged from 2 feet to 6 feet above flood stages and were below flood stages in the lower reaches of the Ouachita River. Minor flooding oc- curred in the upper reaches in May. Operation of flood control works effected estimated stage reductions of 2 feet to 5 feet on the upper Ouachita River. Crest stages on the Coldwater-Talla- hatchie-Yazoo Rivers occurred in January. The crest stages of 23.8 feet at Swan Lake and 24.0 feet at Greenwood were the second and third lowest of record, respectively. New Orleans district: No flooding of consequence occurred in the New Orleans district. Unusually low stages prevailed throughout the year. On the main stem Mississippi River, Carrollton gage (flood stage 17.0) recorded a maximum stage of 7.7 on May 16 through 18 and on May 21. On the Red River, Alexandria gage (flood stage 32.0) recorded a maximum stage of 26.66 on May 17. CONDITION AT END OF FISCAL YEAR Survey of the entire river below Cario, Ill., was completed in 1952 and resurvey is now under way. Contoured quadrangles, general maps of the valley, and pamphlets tabulating river stages, dis- charge measurements, etc., have been published and are available for departmental use and public distribution under prescribed regu- lations. Navigation and flood control improvements under the existing project comprise levees, bank protection works, channel improvements (including cutoffs), floodways, outlets, and tributary basin improvements, summarized as follows: There are 1597.9 miles of project Mississippi River levees, with Sig 51-1599-1630 1600 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 earthwork aggregating about 1,000,349,000 cubic yards, below Cape Girardeau as listed in tables E-1 through E-3. Construction of project levees above Cape Girardeau under the provisions of section 6 as shown on table E-4 has been supplemented with addi- tional work authorized by the Congress under the provisions of the Flood Control Act of 1936 and subsequent acts. Roads have been constructed on 73.6 miles of levees in the New Orleans district of which 27 miles were constructed by local agencies, on 102 miles in the Vicksburg district, including 38 miles which constitute a por- tion of Louisiana State Highway No. 49, and 29 miles in the Mem- phis district. These figures represent graveled or hard-surfaced roads on levees; roadway embankments have been constructed for possible future surfacing on 451.3 miles in the Vicksburg district and 442 miles in the Memphis district. In the New Orleans district, about 36 miles of levees on the right bank and 13 miles on the left bank are protected against wave wash by timber structures, and about 50 miles of levees on the right bank and 32 miles on the left bank are protected by pavement on the riverside levee slope. There are in place 281.56 miles of operative bank revetments on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers and about 24.46 miles on the Arkansas and Red Rivers as listed in tables D-1 through D-3. A channel 9 feet by 300 feet is maintained by dredging as re- quired during the low water season. During the high water season, which usually prevails from the 1st of January to the 1st of June, greater navigation depths are available between Cairo, Ill., and Baton Rouge, La. Below Baton Rouge, La., a channel 35 by 500 feet is maintained by dredging as required during the low water season under the river and harbor project, "Mississippi River, Baton Rouge to the Gulf of Mexico, La." Since 1928 annual maintenance and premaintenance dredging have averaged about 30 million cubic yards. In years of extreme low water of long duration, as much as 75 million cubic yards may be removed in the maintenance of the 9- by 300-foot channel be- tween Cairo, Ill., and Baton Rouge, La. Channel improvements accomplished by improvement dredging to increase the flood-carry- ing capacity of the river now form part of the main river channel. These improvements, which include 16 completed cutoffs, have reduced the distance from Baton Rouge to Cairo to about 737 miles from about 860 miles in 1929. The effect of channel improvement works on carrying capacity of the river is given on page 1811, Annual Report of Chief of Engineers for 1943. Levees have been built to approved grade and section on the west side of the Atchafalaya Basin from Mansura Hills to Hamburg to confine floodwaters within the West Atchafalaya floodway and the Atchafalaya River, and along Bayou des Glaises from Hamburg to Simmesport. Continuous levee systems, except at certain railroad and highway crossings, extend along the east and west limits of the floodway. The east protection levee starts 3.3 miles below Lottie and extends southward to Morgan City; 73.1 miles of the 91.9 miles in this levee system have been built to grade and section. On the extension south of Morgan City to Cut-off Bayou, levees are being constructed on Tiger Island and Avoca Island, with 8.9 miles of the 16.2-mile total completed to grade and section at Avoca Island. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1601 The west protection levees extend from Hamburg to Wax Lake Outlet and thence to Berwick, with 121.5 miles built to grade and section. A system of levees is partially complete west of Berwick and the lower Atchafalaya River from the Berwick drainage canal to Wax Lake Outlet and thence to the Charenton drainage canal, including Bayou Sale and Teche Ridge levees of the 60.9 miles in this system, 53.5 have been built, and 38.1 are to approved grade and section. For status of these levees, see table E-1. Floodway and basin improvements, other than levees, completed prior to 1943 are as described on pages 1884 and 1885 of the Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers for 1943. Improvements com- pleted since then include: Atchafalaya floodway: A drainage structure at Brushy Bayou in the Simmesport ring levee; two drainage structures in the Melville ring levee; floodwalls at Morgan City, Berwick, and Tiger Island, 1,891, 5,219, and 1,990 feet in length, respectively; pumping plant in Morgan City; locks at Berwick, Bayou Sorrel, and Bayou Boeuf, except for approach channels to Bayou Boeuf lock and closure of Bayou Boeuf; a floodgate at Charenton drainage canal and at Calumet on the east and west sides of Wax Lake outlet; a channel 9 by 100 feet from Bayou Boeuf to Bayou Long, which acts as a drainage outlet for the floodway and forms a part of the alternate route for the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway; enlargement of the Charenton drainage and navigation canal to a 75-foot bottom width at -30 feet mean sea level; construction of a bridge at Charenton floodgate which provides access to the West Atchafalaya protection levee in the vicinity; improvement of interior drainage west of Berwick by construction of Ellerslie pumping station, Wax Lake West drainage structure, and excavation of a channel from Calumet to Wax Lake east levee borrow pit; modification of the Melville Bridge by the Texas & Pacific Railway Company; and construction of the Ville Platte-Opelousas and Ville Platte-Bunkie connections by the Texas & Pacific Railway Company. Improvements, other than levees, now in progress are as follows: In the drainage area west of Berwick, construction of Wax Lake East drainage structure is approximately 29 percent complete, and contracts have been awarded for delivery of pumps and construc- tion of a pumping station at Bayou Yokely. Between Courtableau and Krotz Springs, over the West Atchafa- laya floodway, construction of the New Orleans, Texas & Mexico Railway Company's high-level crossing is about 92 percent com- plete. Surveys and borings have been completed along the aline- ment for the proposed high-level crossing of U. S. Highway No. 190, and negotiations are being conducted with the State of Louisiana, Department of Highways, for an agreement covering the design and construction of the crossing; a draft of the agreement has been forwarded to the Department of Highways for approval. The Atchafalaya Basin floodway, as a whole, is approximately 77 percent complete. At the upper end of the Morganza floodway, the combined high- level crossing for State Highway No. 30, the Texas & Pacific Rail- way's Port Allen branch line, and the Morganza control structure has been in condition to be placed in operation, if needed, since 1602 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 completion of the superstructure on February 9, 1953. Principle features comprising the combined crossing which have been com- pleted include the superstructure, railway relocation, embankment, riprap and derrick stone protection, relocation of telephone and power lines, and clearing of the forebay and structure area. Under a reimbursable contract with the Highway Department work is in progress on temporary surfacing of the approach embankments with the contract being approximately 41 percent complete. The combined high-level crossing and control structure is approxi- mately 95 percent complete with work remaining to complete consisting of completion of temporary surfacing of approaches, permanent paving for State Highway No. 30, closure of levee gaps, alteration of reservation facilities, degrading the Mississippi River frontline levee, and deferred construction as provided under the reimbursable contracts. The Morganza floodway is approximately 92 percent complete. Levees extend along both banks of the Atchafalaya River. Ap- proximately 47.8 miles of the 50.8 miles in the east bank system and 59.0 miles of the 61.3 miles in the west bank system have been built to approved grade and section. A total of 16,482,158 cubic yards has been excavated and 2.2 miles cleared and snagged for channel improvement and diversion in Bayous Boeuf, Cocodrie, and Clear. An improved and continuous channel is complete from mile 0.0 to the Bayou Rapides drainage structure, a distance of 59.8 miles. Drainage structures have been completed on the south bank of Bayou Rapides and in Bayou Boeuf at Lecompte, and the Lamourie control structure has been com- pleted on Bayou Lamourie. Twenty-one highway, 4 railroad, and 2 footbridges have been constructed or reconstructed. The overall percentage of completion is 79 percent for the Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie improvements. Channel improvement in the Boeuf and Tensas Basin has been completed as follows: 89 miles in Big and Colewa Creek; 85 miles in Tensas River; 14 miles in Tensas Bayou; 45.1 miles in Bayou La- fourche; 8.7 miles in Boeuf River, and 8 miles in Big Bayou. The improvement of these streams involved clearing and snagging, and 49,885,973 cubic yards of excavation. Reconstruction of four parish bridges and of three State Highway bridges over Big and Colewa Creek is complete. Over Bayou Lafourche construction of State Highway No. 64 bridge, reconstruction of State Highway No. 15 bridge realinement and alteration of existing United States Highway No. 80 bridge are complete, and reconstruction of Illinois Central Railroad bridge is complete except for observation of scour around the piers. Construction of new United States Highway No. 80 bridge is in progress. Relocation of Richland-Morehouse Parish bridge is complete. Rearrangement of one 8-inch gas pipe line over Bayou Lafourche at mile 18.1 is complete. Alteration of one 16-inch and four 13-inch gas pipe lines and appurtenances over Bayou Lafourche at mile 35.7 is complete. Alteration of two coaxial cables over Bayou La- fourche at mile 35.3 is complete. Reimbursement was made for relocation of a private telephone line and power line over Bayou Lafourche between miles 25 and 30. In addition, over Bayou La- MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1603 fourche, alteration of one power transmission line at mile 35.2 is complete and rearrangement and alteration of one telephone line at mile 34.5, is in progress, and rearrangement of 6 power lines and alteration of a multiple gas pipe line are complete. Over Boeuf River, State Highway No. 11 bridge is complete. In the Red River backwater levee project, construction of 72.0 miles of levee has been completed to final grade and section except for reaches totaling approximately 4,300 linear feet in the vicinity of the Bayou Cocodrie drainage structure (See table E-2). The Woringer Bayou bridge and drainage alterations are complete. Construction of a drainage ditch in the vicinity of Acme, La., is essentially complete. The Jonesville, La., project is complete. In the Bawcomville, La., project, construction of the new levee, culverts, temporary flap gates, concrete splash aprons and closure gaps is complete. Plans and specifications for construction of two pumping stations and modification of floodgates are complete. The work is being accomplished under section 6 of the Flood Control Act of May 15, 1928. In the Yazoo Basin, the Sardis, Arkabutla, Enid, and Grenada Reservoirs are in operation and necessary repairs are being made to the dams and appurtenant structures. Minimum basic public use facilities have been provided in the Sardis, Arkabutla, and Enid reservoir areas. The master plan for public use facilities for Grenada Reservoir has been approved by the Office, Chief of Engi- neers. The 4-H Club of North Mississippi, sponsored by Missis- sippi State College, Starkville, Miss., has constructed the following facilities at Sardis Reservoir in the Black Jack Point area. pump house; crafts building; warehouse; caretaker's house and garage; staff quarters building; administration building and dining hall; 12 bunk houses and two bath houses. The Mississippi State Park Board has constructed the following facilities at Sardis Reservoir in the Chestnut Ridge area: lodge and dining hall; 10 duplex cot- tages; superintendent's residence; well and pump house; and a floating boat dock. The Future Farmers of America, sponsored by the State of Mississippi Department of Vocational Education, have constructed the following facilities at Grenada Reservoir in the Grenada Landing area: two bunk houses; combination recreation and dining hall; sewage disposal field; a two-acre swimming and fishing lake: a pier; and a gravel surfaced access road half mile in length. Yalobusha, Grenada, and Calhoun Counties have con- structed a public swimming beach in the same area. In the Cedar Point area in Grenada Reservoir, the Girl Scout Campers of Missis- sippi, Inc., have constructed a dirt road 11/4 mile in length. Channel improvement in the basin has been completed in the Yazoo, Talla- hatchie, and Coldwater Rivers and Cassidy and Bobo Bayous except for the construction of two cutoffs in the Tallahatchie River and one cutoff in the Yazoo River and the removal of plug in the upper end of Cassidy Bayou. Construction of Jonestown cutoff, in the Yazoo River, is complete. Improvement of Little Tallahatchie River and Panola-Quitman floodway is complete except for addi- tional work that will be required in the floodway. Improvement of Yalobusha River is essentially complete. Improvement of these 1604 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 streams involved clearing and snagging, and 29,224,422 cubic yards of excavation. Construction of Greenwood protection works is com- plete except for the Pelucia Bayou diversion and extension of levees. Channel improvement in the Big Sunflower River, etc., Miss., project has been completed as follows: 19.22 miles in Big Sunflower River; 16.15 miles in Quiver River; 7 miles in Deer Creek; and 44.7 miles in Steele Bayou. Improvement of these streams involved clearing and snagging, and 3,524,584 cubic yards of excavation. Enlargement of 17.4 miles of the north bank Arkansas River levees and 76.0 miles of its south bank levees has been completed to approved grade and section. (See table E-2.) In the St. Francis Basin, the Wappapello Reservoir is complete and available for use as required. On the west bank of the St. Francis River, 73 miles of levee are to project grade and section. On the east bank of the St. Francis River, 80 miles of levee are to project grade and section. In the Elk Chute drainage district, 17 miles of levee are to project grade and section. The levees along Little River are complete. Work on levees and drainage improve- ments is in progress. Work was continued on West Memphis drainage project. Work on the Memphis Harbor project was started on May 24, 1948 and is about 58 percent complete. The features of work that have been completed are as follows: The closure dam, batture em- bankment, pile dikes, wavewash protection, approach fill and road- way, and revetment. Work on the access channels is about 63 per- cent complete, the industrial fill is about 63 percent complete, and the Nonconnah Creek sewer extension is about 80 percent complete. In the White River Basin area of the Memphis district, on the Augusta to Clarendon levee project, 40 miles of levee have been completed to project grade and section. The Clarendon levee is complete. The Des Arc project has been completed. Surveys and reports prescribed under the existing project and called for by congressional or departmental directives are made as required. Reports on tributary streams authorized pursuant to the act of January 21, 1927, when presented to the Mississippi River Commission in compliance with section 10 of the act of May 15, 1928, are considered and the conclusions and recommendations of the commission thereon are submitted to the Chief of Engineers. Total costs under the existing project, incurred from United States and contributed funds to June 30, 1954, were $1,019,175,- 091.96 for new work and maintenance (see table H-1), and $14,410,- 493.57 for emergency repairs. Similarly, total costs for construc- tion and maintenance of levees under the existing project and expenditures incurred therefor by non-Federal agencies are given in table H-2. TABLE D-1. New Orleans district (Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1954) Maintenance Lost, de- Year Above stroyed or Opera- Location initiated Head of Bank New work nonopera- tive 1 on Type (calendar) Passes tive since June 30, Extensions Repairs June 30, 1954 1953 I I* 1-- --- I- -- I- -- -I- - -I I MISSISSIPPI RIVER Miles Linear feetI Linear feet Squares2 I Linear feet I Linear feet H Buras, La...-------------------- 1953 25.1 Right -- 2,900 2,900 AB. Port Sulphur, La _--- 1952 39.0 .__do...... 1,820 FW. Third District Reach, La - 1890 91-95 Left....... ----------- ------- 20,542 A, AC, FW, MA. a, Algiers Point, La ...- 1899 94-95 Right-_--. 564 7,728 A, FW, MA, CB, AB. 03 1885 95-96 --.do.... 4,960 A, AC, FW, AB. H Gouldsboro Bend, La -- Gretna Bend, La__---------- 1911 96-97 4,127 FW, AB, CB. Greenville Bend, La_ 1890 99-102 --- do------_ -.do..... 752 19,870 A, AC, FW, MA, AB, CB. Carrollton Bend, La_ 1884 103-105 Left__..- 1,233 15,015 A, FW, CB, AB, AC, MA. 0 Avondale Bend, La - - 1914 106-108 Right .... 80 15,098 A, FW, AB, MA. Kenner, La ---................ 1936 113-114 Left.... - 100 9,089 A, FW, AB. C Reserve, La__ 1938 138-139 --_do _.. 458 6,032 A, AB. White Castle, La _-- 1935 193-194 Right .... 1,632 7, 282 A, AC, AB, MA. U, Plaquemine Bend, La _ 1912 - . .- 208-216 -- _do .. 4,994 14,761 A, AC, FW, CB, AB, MA. U, Port Allen, La- .....------------- 1953 229.5 --- do -. 2,320 .. I. 2, 320 AB. Arbroth, La- --- _-------------------- 1950 248-250 _--do ._.. 1,680 13,190 AC, AB. 0 Grand Bay, La ---- --- 1917 255-257 --_do ...-- 7, 090 A, AC, FW, CB, AB. Morganza, La.. 1951 277-278 l---do------- 1,011 13,310 AC, AB, MA. Carr Point, La----------------- 1949 301-302 _--do ...-- 907 8,600 AC, MA, AB. Above Old River, La.__ 1950 302.5 _--do ..--- 95 4,800 AC, AB. Mai Coochie, La __- 1953 315.0 14, 560 14,560 AC. z 0 TABLE D-1. New Orleans district-Continued C) (Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place"June 30, 1954) Maintenance Lost, de- Year Above stroyed or Opera- C Location initiated mouth of Bank New work nonopera- tive 1 on tive since June 30, Type (calendar) Lower River Extensions Repairs June 30, 1954 1953 0 h RED RIVER AMiles Linear feet Linear feet Squares 2 Linear feet Linear feet H Choctaw Bayou Bend, La_ 1948 71.6 Right . --. 3------- 3 1, 563 PD. Egg Bend, La_ __ 1950 89.6 __do . . -. . . . . . -. . . - -.. . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1, 1 2 7 PD. (Mile 90) Egg Bend, La .... 1946 90 do--- -- --- _------ _ - ------------ 1, 350 SD. (Mile 90.9) Egg Bend, La_ 1954 90.9 __do__ 700 700 BR. (Mile 91) Egg Bend, La .... 1948 91 __do___ 350 5 1,464 PR. 0 Cologne Bend, La___ 1950 92.1 __do 6 1,635 PD. Echo, La ................... 1950 93.9 -do __-do------------------- ----- ------------ I -------- :- -- -- _-- :____---- _-- ------- 1,849 PD. 7 1,5549 Richardson, La ............ 1951 94.5 8 1,556 PD. Roxana, La__ -d o - --- - - - - - 1952 99.0 2, 200 BR. Ryland. La ................ 1952 104.0 -d o . - -- - -- - - - - 2, 600 BR. Hudson, La_ Alexandria Front, La_ 1950 115.3 -do 1,458 BR. z 1945 122 5,550 BR, A, RG. Bertrand, La .... -do 1946 139-139.5 -do - 5,014 PD. zCq Boyce,_La_ --------------- 1950 143 do - i 10 1, 069 PD. Total - - 110 13,506 120 13 198, 644 i C: 1 This conforms with the definition of an operative revetment which is as follows. The 8 Includes 324 linear feet of root dike. classification "operative" is intended to include all revetments which are along the banks 9 Includes 162 linear feet of root dike. of the river channel and are, or conceivably would be, subject to maintenance charges 10 Includes 691 linear feet of root dike. if subjected to direct current impingement. 11Does not include 700 linear feet of board revetment. 2 Squares = 100 square feet. 12Does not include 350 linear feet of pile revetment. 3 Includes 222 linear feet of root and 99 linear feet of baffle dikes. 13Does not include 23,585 linear feet of dikes, groins, board and pile revetments. ci 4 Includes 192 linear feet of root and 935 feet of spur dikes. A = asphalt; AC = articulated concrete; FW = frame willow; CB = concrete blocks; 5 Includes 132 linear feet of root, 60 linear feet of baffle, and 360 linear feet of spur dikes. AB = asphalt blocks; MA = mass asphalt; SD = triangular steel dikes; PD = pile dikes; 6 Includes 168 linear feet of root dike. RG = rock groins; PR = pile revetment; BR = board revetment. 7 Includes 240 linear feet of root and 193 feet baffle dikes. ©y TABLE D-2. Vicksburg district (Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1954.) Maintenance Lost, de- Year Above stroyed or Opera- Location initiated Head of Bank New work nonopera- tive on Type (calendar) passes Extensions Repairs tive since June 30, June 30, 1954 or repl. epairs 1953 i I- I I Miles Linear feet Linear feet Squares Linear feet ( Linear feet MISSISSIPPI RIVER A 170 Bougere Bend, La __ - 1950 326.5 Right_ AC 175 18,150 AC, A, R. R 20 1948 352 AC 3,700 5,650 AC, A, MA, R. Morville, La_ __do ... A 76 00 1949 354 __do .... 1 1,852 Pile dikes. Natchez Island, La___ _do -. -------- 1,318 Retards. U1 00 H 1949 354 __do --- 4, 565 AC, A, MA. Natchez Front, Miss _- -- 1908 360 Left__ __ 6,045 AC, W, R. 00 A 297 6,940 AC, A, R. Gibson, La-__ -------- - 1952 368 Right___ 40 100 AC 558 L'Argent, La....... .. . 1948 372.5 do .... - -- -- 1,920 Asphalt groins. 1900 379 AC 101 14,805 AC, A, MA, W, R. H Kempe Bend, La .......................... ___do.... 2,055 1930 AC 706 22,530 AC, A, MA, R. Hardscrabble, La__ 394.6 __.do-. A 70 1947 AC 95 6,840 AC, A, CB, R, MA. Reid-Bedford, La _- 425 .... ___do 00 Barge Line Terminal, Miss_ 1928 432-433 Left .... 3,040 W, CB, AC, R. Vicksburg Harbor, Miss__ 1917 432 ___do 7,350 AC. C2 Opposite Delta Point, La - - 1952 432 __do.. A 130 5,680 AC, A, R. Delta Point, La- ---------- 1879 432 Right___ 3,450 W. 1933 AC 4,378 12,390 AC, A, R. False Point, La --- _- 436 ___do__ A 658 H 1952 AC 6,716 15,950 AC, A. Marshall-Brown's Point, Miss _ 441 Left .... 1,690 700 A 1,870 H Milliken Bend, La_____ 1923 447-451 Left .. Right__ 1R AC 273 30 30,770 AC, A, W, CB, R. O z -- i--- A 199 Belle Island, La.-Miss_ 1953 453.4 Left --- 11,440 .--.. - 11,440 AC, A, R. 1925 + AC 2,104 . 23,175 AC, A, CB, W, R. Goodrich, La__________________ 460 Right - ---------------------- A 215 Cottonwood, Miss_ 1917 465 Left __- 2,000 W. 13,470 AC, W, A, R. Fitler Bend, Miss____ 1908 470 __do__ ---- ---------------------- ;1 AC 33 Hagaman, La__________________ 1926 478 Right 12,000 AC, W. N 1904 -- Lake Providence, La___ 482 ___do.. 11,600 W. 1948 489 Left ... 18,825 AC , A.R. Mayersville, Miss ----------- _.do ..- i- ,5 . ..... ........ ------ -- ....... A..... 1521 --.. .... .... 1 2, 684 Retards. 1948 490 Pile dikes. 1,386 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE D-2. Vicksburg district-Continued (Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1954.) Maintenance Lost, de- stroyed or Opera- Year Above nonopera- tive on Location initiated Head of Bank Type Extensionstive since June 30, (calendar) passes l. Extensions Repairs June 30, 1954 or repl. 1953 1 i1 Miles Linearfeet Squares Lineal feet Linear feet O MISSISSIPPI RIVER (Continued) AC 6,679 Cracraft, Ark ........ ____- --- ----. 1943 501 Right ____ 6,850 200 A 1,686 1,150 9,300 AC, A, CB. R 111 565 A 1,755 AC 504 -- 0 10,115 AC, CS, CB, A. Kentucky Bend, Miss ----------------- 1944 509 Left-.... 565 . . . . . . 1933 517 ,__do._. 2,280 5,000 AC. Am erican C utoff, M iss__________ 2 AC 8 . 11,305 AC, CS, A, CB, R, W, SC. M Sunnyside, Ark--------------------- 1923 523 Right_____ ------------ IA 2 28 Vancluse, A rk__ ........................ 1909 525 __do___ l- 4,300 W. p Island 84, Ark ................... 1949 526 Left -- ___ ------------------------------------ 4,685 AC, A. Warfield Point, Miss- ------------ 1934 529 Left,..- 3,200 CS, A, AC, T, R. La Grange Towhead, Miss_ 1934 530 ___do.---... . 2,950 AC, T. 3,660 AC, A. Spanish Moss, Ark _-----------------. 1952 531 Right -... 1,660 150 A 2,913--_____ AC '249 ------------ I 1 Leland Cutoff, Ark ---------------- 1934 532 Left ..__- - 1,300 AC. Tarpley Island, Miss ..---------- 1949 534 Right .---- ------------ . . ..-- -------- . . . . . . . ..- 2 ,0 00 AC, A. 1928 537 Left ... .. .A 64 4,550 AC, A, CB, FCM, R. 2------------ Miller Bend, Miss __------------------- R 10 -AC 1,390 2,620 AC, A, R. Ashbrook Island, Miss -------- 1949 541.5 Right .--. AC---6 30 11-5A 1921 545-549 _do -- .... A .....-- 35 --. ... ... ..- 25,100 AC, CB, A, R, W. Arkansas City and Yellow Bend, Ark_ _ Huntington Point, Miss -- 1949 550 Left ....... ... 15 8A AC, A, R. 9,625 Mounds, Miss ------------------------- 1946 556 do- 0 ------------ ! 2,62 FCM, AC, A, CB. 0 Riverton, M iss ........................ 1920 578 __do ..- - - - - ,12, 00 AC, W. AC, A, R. Dennis, Miss....------------------------ 1947 504 -------- -- R 55 Cessions, Miss ... _-------- ----------- 1944 610 ___do....... - AC -_ 146 -11,350 AC, A, R. -A 405 3,2080 Miles above Lixnear feet Linear feet Squares Linear feet Linear feet ARKANSAS RIVER mouth 1945 36 Right-........ ---- - 2,187 Pile dikes. Fletcher Bend _____--------------.----. :il ... Davis Lake, Ark-.__------------ . 1950 38 -..do-.... -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- - --- 3 ,208 Pile dikes. 44. 5 __do..-- --- - 2,900 AC, Board mat. Pendleton, Ark . .__------------ . S 1920 1928 44.5 -- __do-......- -__ Spur levee dike, revetted end. Big Bayou Meto, Ark--------- ---- 1944 53 Left....- --- - -- - -9, ---::- --- 650 9-- Board mat and riprap. Hannaberry Lake, Ark ...... - ---. 1947 60 __.do..... -- - S-- -- 100 5,685 Pile dikes. Cummins Bend, Ark.._- -------------. 1946 63 Right... -- I--- - -. : i 9,938 Pile dikes. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE D-2. Vicksburg district-Continued (Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1954.) Maintenance Lost, de- Year Above stroyed or Opera- nonopera- tive on Location initiated Head of Bank New work Type Repairs Jvesince June 30, (calendar) passes Extensions 1954 or repl. Repars J19530 i ARKANSAS RIVER (Continued) Miles above Linear feet Linear feet Squares Linearfeet Linear feet mouth 1949 66 Left-...... 3,465 Board mat and riprap. Little Bayou Meto, Ark-_ . -...-... - 1947 67 _do...._- 3,480 Pile dikes. 00 Kimbrough, Ark..... . __ - --- 1953 68 Right -... 33, 000 Board mat and riprap. 00 King's Bayou, Ark----------------- -- 1951 75 Left_______ 2, 150 Pile dikes. Rob Roy, Ark__---------------------- 1946 89 Right - 1, 790 Board mat and rock dikes. i-4 Pine Bluff, Ark ... 1946 _..-------------------- -- 96 _do_- 6,627 Pile dikes. 1943 97 .. do 5,400 W, R. 1-- R. &H.2 01-4 M edford Bend, Ark--_.-..... -- .- ....-.--- 1952 38 -- do-- 4,190 Board mat and riprap. Richland Bend, Ark _-- St 1952 1952 77 77 _do...- -_odo - 1,455 1,997 Board mat Pile dikes. and riprap. Brunson's Crossing, Ark _- New Gascony, Ark..... -I { 1952 1952 1952 79 79 81 Left ---- -- do --- __do- ----- 4,260 282 1,705 Board mat Pile dikes. Pile dikes. and riprap. 1953 83 Right -- __ 2,975 Pile dikes. New Gascony, Ark. (Trulock)- --- { 1954 83 -__do-...... 2,827 ---------- ........ : --------- :::-:.:::::::::: :.:::::::::: 2,400 Board mat and riprap. r :11 { 1953 83. 7 Left -____ 2,827 Pile dikes. New Gascony, Ark. (Madding). 1953 83.7 __do____- _ -'------- ----------- 9--------483. - ---------- ----- ..--------- -------------- 900 Board mat and riprap. Below Rob Roy, Ark_-- - 1953 87 Right ___- 1,134 Pile dikes. 0 1--1 Rob Roy, Ark_.. 1952 1952 88 89 -__do ------ Left-_____ --------- j-- --------- ---- ---- -- -- - -- -- ----- -- - --------- 6,955 284 Board mat Pile dikes. and riprap. z O-4 Plum Bayou-Rob Roy, Ark___ 1952 90 __do----- 8,520 Board mat and riprap. Above Plum Bayou, Ark_ 1952 91 -__do------- 1,990 Board mat and riprap. 1952 91 -__do------- _____, _____/_____ __------------__j 2,447 Pile dikes. i i Total_ __ s 27, 035 1,715 39,096 3,705 4 468, 315 1 Operative length according to latest surveys. 5 Does not include 3,790 linear feet of pile dikes. 2 Constructed.under appropriations for Rivers and Harbors. Report thereon included A = asphalt; AC = articulated concrete; CB = concrete blocks; CS = concrete slabs; in annual report for work under the Little Rock district, Corps of Engineers. FCM = flexible roll type concrete mats; MA = mass asphalt; T = tetrahedrons; 3 Constructed under sec. 9, F.C.A. approved June 15, 1936. W = willow mattress; SC = sacked sand cement. 4 Does not include 50,164 linear feet of pile dikes; 4,002 linear feet of triangular frame retards; 1,920 linear feet of asphalt groins; and 650 linear feet of spur levee dike, revetted end. 0 TABLE D-3. Memphis district (Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1954) 0 Maintenance Lost, de- Year Above stroyed or Opera- nonopera- tive onT Location initiated Head of Bank New work tive since June 30, 7Y (calendar) Passes E:xtensions 1954 Repairs June 30, 1953 0 i------ H 2 MISSISSIPPI RIVER Miles Linear ft. L inearft. Squares 1 Linearft. Linearft. Henrico, Ark . . ----- 1947 598-601 Right___ 7 760 ___ . . .... A, AC, R 9, 132 430 14, 950 AC. O Knowlton, Ark_ _ - . 1923 613-616 _do____ A, R 107 16, 915 AC. t4 Fair Landing, Ark --- -. 1928 628-630 do _____ A 62 11,080 AC, A. Burke Landing, Miss ------ 1949 630-634 Left_____ -----------....- A, AC 1,738 16,630 AC. Oldtown Bend, Ark ___ 1907 639-642 Right___ 9......535..... A, R 21 16,260 AC, W. -----------....- Horseshoe, Miss- __-. 1949 642-645 Left______ A 32 16,845 AC. Westover, Ark ___ -- 1947 646-648 Right-__ A, AC, R 812 12,820 AC. 1915 0 Delta-Friars Point, Miss_ 648-654 Left-_-_ A, C, R 127 30,120 AC, W. Helena, Ark-------- 1922 1880 655-660 Right____ A, R 45 ..... 25, 475 AC, W. z 1913 Trotters Landing, Miss _--- Harbert Point, Miss_ 1912 659-665 672-674 Left -- __ do_ A, C, R 20 70 32,905 AC, AC. V. z 1953 6, 530 6,460 Walnut Bend, Ark __--- 1907 676-680 Right -- 7, 225 A, C, R 68 200 24, 175 AC, W. Mhoon Bend, Miss_ 1932 680-686 Left---- A, AC, R 3,776 40 36,228 AC, W. L Peters, Ark _- Miss------ 1952 688-691 Right ____ 8, 255 A 101 215 20,790 AC. Polks Landing, Miss _ - 1924 696 Left-- -- 11,094 W. Porter Lake, Ark ----- 1911 695-702 Right--- A, R 22 80 32,585 AC, W. 1914 Norfolk-Star, Miss ----- 1917 703-709 Left--- -- A, AC, C, R 638 29,722 AC, W. FP Cow Island Bend, Ark -_.. 1925 710-713 Right--- A, C, R 91 19,534 AC, W. Ensley, Tenn---------- 1952 720-722 Left -- - 3 935 -- A, R 22 310 13,425 AC. Bauxippi-Wyanoke, Ark___ 1919 724-728 C, R 62 23,300 AC, S. C.3 Right_____ - - - - - - - - --.. . - Tennessee Chute, Tenn___ 1913 728-730 Left_____ - - - - - - - - --.. C, R 105 8,850 AC. W. C9 . - 1944 Presidents Island, Tenn--.... 1948 728-730 .do . - - - - - - - - --.. - R 44 12,435 AC, W. Memphis Harbor, Tenn_-__ 1878 731-733 -do -- - . . . . . . . . . . . - - C 50 14,800 AC, W. Bullerton Bar, Ark ...... 1881 786-790 Right_____ 475 13,975 AC, S, W. Osceola, Ark _ _ -- 1934 790 Right___ 1,350 G. Osceola, Ark _- - 1881 791 do_ 5,823 W. Keyes Point, Tenn__- 1931 793-795 Left --____ 10,634 AC, L, S. Kate Aubrey, Tenn_.... 1931 796-797 Right -_ 14,465 -- 2,500 S. Bend of Island 25, Tenn _............ 1953 806-808 Left -- 12, -220 -- -_-_ .. 185 14 280 AC. Barfield, Ark .... 1916 809-815 Right -- - - 12,220 AC, C, R 8,382 160 36,030 AC, S, W. Huffman-Hickman, Ark-Tenn . - - -. 1927 825-830 Ldo----- -9, 535 --_ . ..9, AC, C, R 2,572 ---......... 26,304 AC, S. Heloise, Tenn -- - 1953 832-834 Left - -- . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -. ..- 9,535 AC. Island No. 18, Mo __ 1931 834-838 Right AC, C, R 1,637 /----....... 21 260 AC. Linwood Bend, Tenn__---- 1931 840-843 Left AC, C, R 15.368 .________.i 14,850 AC. See footnotes at end of table. TABLE D-3. Memphis district-Continued (Bank protection works built during fiscal year and operative protection in place June 30, 1954) Maintenance Lost, de- stroyed or Opera- Year Above tive on initiated Head of Bank New work nonopera- Type Location June 30, (calendar) Passes Extensions Repairs June 30, 1954 1953 MISSISSIPPI RIVER (Continued) Miles Linear ft. Linear ft. Squares 1 Linear ft. Linearft. Bells Point, Mo__------------- 1931 845-847 Right_ 5, 420 AC. Gayoso-Caruthersville, Mo__ -- 1898 848-853 _do___ C, R 147 --. _ 25,600 AC, W. a Hathaway Landing, Tenn_ 1932 856 Left___ 1,000 AC. H Bend of Island No. 14, Tenn _ 1946 862-863 do___ 12,080 AC. z0 Merriwethwe Bend, Tenn_ _--- 1932 874-877 Left___ R 59 18,995 AC. 1950 Linda, Mo.__---------------------- 1951 880-882 Right_ R 11,950 AC. Below Toney's Towhead, Tenn__- 1946 884-886 Left__. 4,675 C, R 131 220 17,595 AC. New Madrid Bend, Mo__ 1930 888-893 Right_ AC, C, R 3, 378 _---- - 30 285 AC, S, G. 00 New Madrid, Mo ___--..-------- 1893 894-895 ___do___ 5, 559 AC, W. 00 Slough Landing Neck, Tenn- 1913 902-906 Left__. AC, C, R 3,815 22,100 AC, S, W. Island No. 9, Ky -_................... 1944 912-914 ___do__ (4) (3) 7,010 Chute of Island No. 8, Ky _ 1935 917-921 ___do__ C, R 52 12,620 AC, L. Bend of Island No. 8, Mo__ 1927 922-924 Right 9,800 S. 00 C Hickman-Reelfoot, Ky_ 188928 926-933 Left__ C, R 107 _ _ 33,569 AC, S, W. 1929 933-936 Right C, R 264 55 14,688 AC, S. Beckwith Bend, Mo_ H Colum bus, K y _-------------------- 1953 946-947 Left__ 3,850 3,850 AC. B elm ont, M o _--------------------- 1953 948-949 Right 5,890 5,890 AC. Pritchard, Mo ----------------------. 1951 956-959 ___do__ 87 25 12, 765 AC. 1923 962-963 Left__. R 6 6,270 AC. W ickliffe, K y ------------------------ 1950 H C OHIO RIVER Miles above Cairo Gage R Cairo Front, Ill----------------------- 1928 1 Right. 17 5,005 AC, W. 1918 2-4 ___do_ C, R 68 9,527 AC. Below Cache River, IllI1___-_ . . . ------------ ---- -.- 81, 340 53,168 i 2,465 (5) 868,507 Totals _______------------------ --- ..---------- 1 Square = 10 x 10 feet (100 sq ft). A - asphalt 2 Includes existing revetment reinforced with new work. AC = articulated concrete 3 Lin. ft. triangular frame retards and pile dikes. C= concrete 4 Submerged dike; status unknown. G= groins 5 Does not include Island No. 9 Dikes. L - lumber mattress R= riprap S= slab concrete W = willow fascine mattress TABLE E-1. New Orleans district (Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1954, as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended.) Operations fiscal year 1954 In system Built Built to Contents Required Estimated Percent Location of levee when June 30, approved June30, Lost or Contents to final cmplete 0 completed1 completed 1954 J1954 ggradeand section June30, 1953 New work Mainte- aban-or Lost June 30, Contents complete contents 2 complet nance doned 1954 . ... . ...... ._ 0 Miles Miles Miles 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards MISSISSIPPI RIVER Lower Tensas....-..................... 13.0 13.0 13.0 3,780 3,780 3,780 100 - Atchafalaya........................... 117.9 117.9 113.0 61,614 914 i 914-------- 15 ----------------------------------------- 62,013 306 62, 319 99 Lafourche _._......................... 82.0 82.0 66.4 19,400 19, 400 800 20,200 96 Barataria .... 71.9 71.9 52.4 9 594 169 - _ - 9,763 610 10,373 94 O Pontchartrain, including 2.1 miles Baton 125.7 125.7 119.6 45, 757 313 172 45,898 207 46,105 99 Rouge Front levee. Lake Borgne......................... 48.3 48.3 26.4 7,484 14 141 64 7, 575 462 8,037 94 W Grand Prairie__________......._......_ .. .. 15.0 15.0 6.0 711 711 49 760 94 Z Orleans Parish_______________________... 26.8 26.8 9.9 3,982 5 27 62 4,052 378 4,430 91 Q .. III!.. . . . ..... . ... . Total Mississippi River.......-... 500.6 500.6 406.7 152,322 19 1, 664 813 153,192 2,812 156,004 98 Z t------ i i LAKE PONTCHARTRAIN, JEFFERSON PARISH, LA. Lake Pontchartrain protection levees ... 17.4 17.4 2.8 5,159 161 758 6,078 2,690 8,768 69 BONNET CARRE SPILLWAY Upper and lower guide levees............ 11.7 11.7 11.7 12,001 --. ------. 12,001 12,001 100 SOUTH BANK RED RIVER Hotwells to Moncla, La__-... _________ 60.0 60.0 60.0 20,814 I---------- 5 20,819 --------- 20,819 100 ATCHAFALAYA BASIN AND FLOODWAY East bank Atchafalaya River- ----------- 50.8 50.8 47. 8 21,205------------.......... 385 282 21,308 156 21,464 99 c Bayou Des Glaises..--................... 8.1 8.1 8.1 1.217 1,217 -..-------. 1.217 100 West bank Atchafalaya River- ......... 61.3 61.3 59.0 10,867 -- ----------- --- 10,867 133 11,000 99 Simmesport Ring-__-_____-- ------------- 1.6 1.6 1.6 990 ... .. .. .. 990 .... ....... 990 100 Melville Ring_. _______ ________...... 4.1 4.1 4.1 2,381------------------------------------ 2,381 2,381 100 Mansura Hills to Hamburg.............. 20.3 20.3 20.3 4,943 ------------------------ ------------ 4,943 -........- 4,943 100 See footnotes at end of table. TABLE E-1. New Orleans district-Continued (Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardea Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1954, as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended.) Operations fiscal year 1954 Built to Estimated In system Built Contents Required Location of levee approved final Percent w~hen June 30, June 30,i Lost or Contents to 1954 grade and contents 2 complete completed I 1953 New work Mainte- aban- June 3 complete section nance doned 1954 I Miles Miles Miles 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 ATCHAFALAYA BASIN AND FLOODWAY cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards (Continued) West protection levee, Hamburg to Ber- 128.2 128.2 121.5 73,288 56 73,344 494 73, 838 99 U) wick drainage canal via Calumet, in- cluding 1.0 mile Berwick floodwall. Levees west of Berwick and the lower 60.9 53.5 38.1 10,944 ------------ I------------ ----- 10,944 486 11,430 96 4d Atchafalaya River, Berwick drainage canal to Charenton drainage canal. East protection levee, Morganza to Mor- 91.9 91.9 73.1 40,439 524 - - - 40,963 645 41,608 98 gan City (S.P.R.R.), including 19.6 miles Morganza lower guide levee and 1.3 miles Morgan City floodwall. Morganza upper guide levee -- 11.9 11.8 11.8 7, 422 7, 422 10 7,432 99 Levees south and east of Morgan City 16.2 16.0 8.9 6,357 104 - 6,461 3,932 10,393 62 0 (S.P.R.R. to Cut-off Bayou), including 0.4 mile Tiger Island floodwall. Total Atchafalaya Basin and flood- 455.3 447.6 394. 3 180,053 684 385 282 180,840 5,856 186,696 97 way. r Combined total----__ ------. -- 1,045.0 1,037.3 875.5 370,349 864 2,812 1, 095 372,930 11,358 384,288 97 O z 1 Area protected from Mississippi River project flood-adopted project complete-is 23,621 square miles for entire project. 2 Excluding yardage to be abandoned. TABLE E-2. Vicksburg district (Present condition of project levees, from Cape Girardeau, Mo., to Head of Passes, La., and levee operations for fiscal year 1954 as provided for in sec. 1 of the act of May 15, 1928, as amended.) Operations fiscal year 1954 In system Built Built to Contents Required Location of levee when June 30, approved June 30, to it M grade and June 30, Lost or Contents to te completed 1 1954 section 1953 New work Mainte- aban- June 30, complete O ance doned 1954 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 O MISSISSIPPI RIVER 1 Miles Ailes Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards Lower Yazoo ... _................ 2 178.1 2 178.1 160.3 189, 500 836 27 0 190,363 5,618 195,981 97 Upper Tensas ... 148.2 148.2 112.4 137, 532 0 13 0 137,545 8,968 146,513 94 - Lower Tensas - 131.0 131.0 116.1 111,466 1,277 0 0 112,743 5,723 118,466 95 YAZOO RIVER AND BASIN Headwater__- 3 581.0 449.0 5 19.0 1,546 0 0 0 1,546 .53,454 55,000 3 Backwater . ---------------------- 7 98.0 7 1.0 1.0 160 0 0 0 160 24,840 25,000 1 ARKANSAS RIVER, ARK. 40 North bank ...-.----- ---_ __--- 67.5 45.6 17.4 9,555 1, 218 0 0 10,773 16, 213 26,986 40 Z South bank .. _-------- ___-- -- -- -- 85.6 85.6 76.0 48, 898 0 0 0 48,898 2,366 51,264 95 RED RIVER BACKWATER LEVEE__ 95.3 92.5 91.8 11,454 5,047 8 0 16, 509 1.02 16, 611 99 Total ----- ------.. 1, 384.7 731.0 594.0 510,111 8,378 48 0 518,537 284 117, 635,821 81 1 Area protected for Mississippi River project flood-adopted project complete-is 4 Includes 30 miles built to in terim grade and section. 23,621 square miles for entire project. s Includes 17 miles Greenwood protection works. 2 Includes 0.8 mile of concrete levee wall and 0.9 mile earth levee on Vicksburg City 6 Does not include approximately 900,000 cubic yards hydraulic fill placed in Smith- front. land Landing river crossing. 3 Includes 29.0 miles, Greenwood protection works, but does not include 2.5 miles of 7 Includes 1 mile of highway embankment. highway and railroad embankment to be utilized in project. TABLE E-3. Memphis district Operations fiscal year 1954 In system Built Built to Contents I- Required Estimated Percent Location of levee when June 30, approv ed June 30, to final completed 1 1954 grade and 1953 New work Mainte- Lost or Contents complete contents 2 complete sectio n nance aban- June 30, doned 1954 -! I - -~ I I-- 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 MISSISSIPPI RIVER Miles MIiles Miless cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards Upper Yazoo _-- 94 94 63 100,445 915 0 0 101,360 3,887 105,247 96 Tiptonville-Obion River__ 44 24 13 7, 559 0 0 0 7, 559 9, 713 17,272 44 Slough Landing Neck Dike -------------- 10 10 10 1, 329 0 0 0 1,329 0 1,329 100 Reelfoot_-- 3 23 23 23 13,903 0 0 0 13,903 0 13,903 100 White River Backwater Levee --------- 440 40 8 24,199 487 0 0 24,686 7,314 32,000 77 - White River ----- ..-------------------- 5 74 74 38 64,426 758 0 0I 65,184 6,880 72,064 90 Lower St. Francis- 6 212 212 198 129,399 1,573 0 0 130, 972 3,275 134, 247 98 t Upper St. Francis_ 7 134 134 110 47, 640 248 518 0 48,406 3,248 51,654 94 Thebes to Cairo, Ill ___ --- 8 10 10 2 6,463 0 0 0 6,463 400 6,863 94 . Ohio River_. - 9 14 14 14 4,863 26 0 0 4,889 214 5,103 96 - Cacha River. 10 5 5 5 1,755 0 0 0 1,755 0 1,755 100 ST. FRANCIS RIVER AND BASIN 44 E ast Bank - ........... _------ ------------ 201 144 80 19, 846 6,844 0 850 25,840 32, 668 58,508 W est B ank ............................. 146 136 73 17,955 0 0 0 17, 955 7, 623 25, 578 70 East Bank, Little River, Ark_ .......... 41 41 41 5,853 0 0 0 5,853 0 5, 853 100 C West Bank, Little River, Ark__-- 35 35 35 4,099 0 0 0 4,099 0 4,099 100 O Elk Chute___------------ 40 40 17 4,550 0/ 0 0 4,550 720 5,270 86 LITTLE RIVER, MO., DIVERSION CHANNEL__- 1120 20 20 9,943 820 0 0 10,763 0 10,763 100 4 WHITE RIVER Augusta to Clarendon_ _ - 47 40 i i... 40 . ... 8,886 i. 681 0 0I I 9,567 ! I 1,833 ! I 11,400 Ii. 84 z Total -- - - . .. -.- - - - - 1,190 1, 096 1 790 1 473,113 12, 352 518 850 485,133 77, 775 562, 908 86 1 Area protected from Mississippi River project flood-adopted project complete- miles of Birds Point-New Madrid setback levee; and 14 miles of New Madrid-Sikeston 23,621 square miles for entire project. Ridge (St. Johns Bayou) levee. 2 Excluding yardage to be abandoned. 8 Includes 6.3 miles of Cairo Drainage District (Mississippi River) levee and 3.4 miles 3 Includes 1.4 miles of Hickman City levee and 21.2 miles of Mississippi River front of Cairo City (Mississippi River) levee. line levee, Hickman, Ky., to Bessie, Tenn. 9 Includes 5.3 miles of levee from Cache River to lower end of floodwall at Cairo, Ill., 4 Extends from Old Town Lake, Ark., to Laconia Circle levee, Ark. and 8.7 miles of Mounds and Mound City levee. 5 Includes 67 miles of front line levee from Helena, Ark., to Mouth of White River, io Connects Mississippi River and Ohio River levees. Ark., and 6.6 miles of Laconia Back Circle levee. 6 From New Madrid, Mo., to Mouth of St. Francis River, Ark. It Includes 13.9 miles of main line diversion channel levee; 2.7 miles of Ramsey Creek levee; and 2.9 miles of Sals Creek levee. 7 Includes 84.3 miles of front line levee from Commerce to New Madrid, Mo.; 35.3 TABLE E-4. Yardage placed in levees and levee operations for fiscal year 1954, as provided for in sec. 6 of the Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928, as amended. Operations fiscal year 1954 Built to Contents In system Built approved June 30, Estimated Percent Approi xi- M Location of levee when June 30, grade and June 30, Built by Lost or Contents Required to final contents com- mate area M completed 1954 section 1953 United aban- June 30, pleted protect(ed O States doned 1954 complete i i 1 i I O St. Louis district 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Square Miles Miles Miles cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards cubic yards miles MISSISSIPPI RIVER Clemens Station, Mo., to mouth of 28 28 0 25.6 0 0 25.6 4 Missouri River. ------------ ------------ Mouth of Illinois River to Prairie du 20 20 0 27.1 0 0 27.1 3 Pont, Ill. o Prairie du Pont, Ill., to Grand Tower, Ill_. 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mouth of Missouri River to Cape Gi- 4 4 0 57.2 0 0 57.2 ------------ . .. . . ... . ------------ 2 rardeau, Mo. Grand Tower, Ill., to Thebes, Ill -...-. 46 46 3 1, 252.4 0 0 1,252.4 8 Z _._ ILLINOIS RIVER ------------ j------------ z Havana, Ill., to Beardstown, Ill......... 25 25 8 1,610.0 0 0 1,610.0 24 Beardstown, Ill., to mouth of Illinois 166 166 127 15,940.0 0, 0 15,940.0 ------------ i------------ 172 River. I i i-~ Total_--------.-------- 289 289 138 I 18,912.3 18,912.3 213 j------'------ __ Rock Island district r> MISSISSIPPI RIVER Mouth of Iowa River to Burlington, Iowa 1 34.7 34.7 34.7 23,644 62 0 3,706.0 -- ......- 3,706.0 100 __ 1 Includes 6.8 miles of levee along Iowa River, right bank, from mouth to bluffs, in 2Does not include 5,474 cubic yards placed in filling crevasses in Keithsburg drainage Iowa River-Flint Creek levee district No. 16. district, Ill. in 1929 but is adjusted to include 111,000 cubic yards placed in 1950 and not previously reported. MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1617 TABLE E-5. Yardage placed in repairing levees on tributaries of the Mississippi River threatened or destroyed by flood as provided for in sec. 9 of the act of June 15, 1936. District Built since July 1, 1953 Thousands of NEW ORLEANS cubic yards Red River: Lombard levee setback, R-67.1-R--------- ------------------------------------- _ 24 VICKSBURG Yazoo River and tributaries: Pelucia drainage ...... .....--------------------------------------------------------- (*) Big Sand drainage.. ------------------------------------------------------- (*) Abiaca drainage ------------------- (*) Ascalmore drainage ----------------------------------------------------- (*) * Random repairs. Quantities are not available. TABLE E-6. BARATARIA LEVEE DISTRICT (RIGHT BANK) Levee wave-wash protection structures in place June 30, 1954,New Orleans district Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Slope paving-Continued 24.2 ................... A 5,646 75.3- - - - C 4,032 24.4.... ................ C 900 76.1--- A 1,532 25.0 -.................. A 3,000 77.2--------------------------. A 3,166 26.3 ................... C 2,135 77.6-------------------------_ C 2,354 27.7.................... A 5,238 80.1_------------------------- SA 5,105 29.1.................. A 5,171 29.4__.._.....- -.. C 1,232 Total--_-------------------- 159.578 32.8_._ A 6,193 34.7-__ A 1,928 I 38.9 _........ ........ A 18,010 Wooden revetment: 39 .8 ................... A 3,743 18.8-----. 42,689 43.4.......-- -- -- . C & A 2,825 21.0.--- 536 43.6 .......... ......... A 741 21.4.... 1,800 44.9....- - --.. .... C 6,889 23.1---.... 10,550 45.1-.................. A 1,271 26.7----- 7,342 45.8___ C 3,641 28.4--- _ 3,446 48.7 ................... A 1,542 29.2.--- 216 49.7 ......------------- C 5,666 29.5-------------------------- 528 50.4___ C 3,424 31.6-.... 11,600 52.3 --...... ........ C 11,735 39.2- - - - - 1,277 53.6 ................... A 6,473 42.8---- 15,475 54.4.......-...- - - - C 4,109 48.2---. 13,782 58 .0 ..... . . .. . . . . .. .. . . A 5,728 56.8---- 13,622 59.3 ................... A 1,950 58.9- - - - - 1,725 59.7 ...- -.... .. . . ---- C 2,950 62.5---- 4,463 59.9 ................... A 1,193 64.5---- 4,779 60.0.-- -....... ....... C 798 65.6---- 2,719 60.2_ ---- A 1,056 65.9--- .... 612 60.5-................. A 908 68.7.--- 3,550 61.5 -................. C 4,891 68.9.__- - 1,000 63.4 ___-- C 4,828 69.0---- 300 63.7 ................... A 1,780 69.1--------------------------- 280 65.1 ................... C 2,672 71.5..........-----------_-__ 13,523 6 5.8 ..... . . . . .. . . . . . . . . C 898 74.6...---------------------- 4,918 66.1k -............ ..... C 839 75.8-...- 2,341 6 8 .9 .... . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . A 350 76.6---- 2,562 69.0 .........---------- A 520 78.8----- --------------------- 720 69.2 .... A 347 73.0 ............------- A 7,868 Total ---------------.-.--- 166,355 73.5 ...............---- C 2,301 _ __ 1618 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 TABLE E-6.-Continued. LAFOURCHE LEVEE DISTRICT (RIGHT BANK) Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Slope paving-Continued 96.2 __ - - A 3, 961 115.5_----------- --- C 9, 500 96.8__ C 3, 000 137.0 ---------- C 3, 000 96.9_J_ f C 348 A 513 137.4 - - 138.6----------------- ---------- C 1, 873 A 6,100 97.1-- A 317 139.7---------------- A 1, 400 97.2-------------------------- C 771 148.1 _ _---------- A 18, 700 98.3_ - A 5, 227 175.6 ------------ C 1, 748 99.8__ A 8, 714 101.7___ A 3, 893 Total------- -------- 95, 501 107.0 _ - A 6, 239 107.2 __ C 818 Wooden revetment: 108.4__ A 2, 727 97.0 ---------------------- 417 108.8_ C 1, 722 97.4_ _ ----------- 1, 058 110.3 A 10, 600 113.5_-- A 4, 330 Total __------- -------- 1, 475 GRAND PRAIRIE LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK) Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Wooden revetment: 12.5_ A 1, 400 12.2 - ---------- 1, 600 14.1-------------------------- SC 2, 700 12.9 -_---------------- 2, 200 14.2-------------------------- A 600 14.4 900 15.6-------------------------- A 5, 700 17.4 ------- ---------- 10, 800 17.7_ - SC 1, 300 18.1 --- - - - 1, 100 17.9_ C 1, 500 18.6-------- ---------- 800 18.4------------------- A 1, 600 19.5_ ___------------------ 940 18.8_ C 1, 100 20.2 I, 700 18.9_ --- A 600 22.6 2, 100 19.4 _ - C 3, 280 23.6 ---------- 1, 000 19.7--------------- - C 1, 154 24.1 __ . ------ 600 19.9 .-- - C 1, 000 24.7 __---------- ----------- 1, 883 21.1 C 1, 665 21.6 - ------- C 700 Total _--------- -------- 25, 623 22.0_ C 400 23.4-------------------------- C 600 23.7-------------------------- C 500 24.1_ --- SC 500 Total_-- - 26, 299 LAKE BORGNE LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK) Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope paving: Slope paving-Continued 44.8... ... -- A 4,005 73.5 ....................-- ---- A 6,975 49.6.- . A 3,184 73.9 ----------- C 1,325 50.4... A 2,755 74.7-------------- A 1,981 51.8 ... -- C 7,710 75.2_ ........................ C 2,882 51.9. -------------------- C 1,040 76.0 ------------------------- A 4,487 53.0_ _ ... C 5,894 76.8 ----------------- C 4,092 54.2_._ ------------------- A 6,336 78 .9 ------------------------- C 3,007 54.3-_. _ C 527 79 .5 ----- ---- ------ ----------- A 2,689 54.6__..... . . A 1,669 85.9 ------------ C 1,510 54.9 _------------- C 1,648 86.1.. -------------------- C 964 55.1_ _------------------ A 1,056 9 0 .5.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C 5,230 56.2 . .-------------------- C 5,688 90.9 ----- ----------- C 1 218 57.7......_ . ................... A 1,078 91.0 ------------- A 723 58.2 ... _ C 2,450 9 1.3 ------------------------- A 812 58.4-. _ - - -- A 1,056 9 1.5 -------------------------- C 217 58.9.........._ .................. C 2,162 59.2_.......... A 2,025 To tal ...................... 113,965 60.1 .. __ -- -- A 2,728 65.4 .. ._ A 2,330 66.5. -------------------- A 1,370 Wooden revetment: 66.7 _...............-- - ..- .. .. . C 1,471 49.0 -- - - - - - - - - - 11,610 67.7 -_. ..............- .. -.-- C 5,108 4 9 .8 _ -__-- ------------------ 885 70.0 __- - C 6,328 60 .4 _----------------------- 1, 288 72.2L-.-.-. . C 6,235 62.5_ __----------- 7,375 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1619 TABLE E-6.-Continued. LAKE BORGNE LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK)-Continued Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Wooden revetment:-Continued Wooden revetment-Continued 66.1.... - - - - - - - _ 1,881 84.7...---------------------------- 654 70.8.....--------------------- 3,900 85.2----------------------------- 560 71.1....----------------------------- 890 89.5...---------....-------------------- 547 73.6._... -- 700 91.2_---------------------------- 765 79.9----------------------------- 2,899 91.5 .........--- --------------- 933 83.7 -------------------- 5,809 83.8_ 467 Total------------------------- 41,444 84.4.- -- - -- 281 PONTCHARTRAIN LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK) Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Mileage upper end of structure Linear feet Slope Paving: Slope paving-Continued: 104.0 _ 0----- C 880 22.0--------- ---------------- A1, 450 104.9 ------------------------- _ C 6, 127 _ 222.8------------ ------ A 780 109.5-_ A 2, 413 227.3------- ---------- A 2, 988 120.6 ------------------------- A 4, 890 _ 166.9 ------------------------- A 1, 874 Total __-------- -------- 21, 402 ORLEANS LEVEE DISTRICT (LEFT BANK) Slope paving: Wooden revetment: 92.2-_ C 2, 667 91.6 ---------- ---------- 1, 000 92.6__ - R 587 92.6------------------------- 1, 800 92.7 R 3, 156 93.9 -------------- --- - 600 Total_ 6, 410 Total_--------- ___ -------- 3, 400 ORLEANS LEVEE DISTRICT (RIGHT BANK) Slope paving: Wooden revetment: 84.5- __- C 4, 085 84.1 596 93.9 -------------------------- C 1, 540 91.6 ------------------------- 15,700 94.0 -------------------------- C600 93.8--- ------- ----- 1,100 94.1 ------------------------ 498 Total --- - - -6,225 95.5 ------------------------- 2,200 Total ---------------------- 20,094 A=asphalt; C =- concrete; R = riprap. 1 Bulkhead and wooden revetment. TABLE F-1. New Orleans district (New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30,1954) It In project when complete Completed June 30, 1954 Operations during fiscal year Year Percent Location of improvement initiated complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out 0 Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Bayou des Glaises diversion channel_- - - 1938 2,222, 845 ___----- 2, 222, 845 ---- _------ 100. 0 M Bayous Rapides, Boeuf, and Cocodrie ................ 1946 19,482,158 23.3 16,482,158 13.3 79 Charenton drainage and navigation canal .___._... 1939 10,800,105--------------- 10,800,105 --------------- 100 Wax Lake outlet....___________ 1938 57,546,196 ....--- ------- 57,546,196 - 100 1 Atchafalaya Basin floodway.- - - - - ----------- ................-.. - -- ----- 1 Morganza floodway.... ___-.......... -------------------------------- -------------------------------_ ........... Devils Swamp barge channel-.-_ ------- - - - 17,000,000 ---------------- 1 Information not available at this time. z T1 TABLE F-2. Vicksburg district (New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1954) In project when complete Completed June 30, 1954 Operations during fiscal year Year Percent Location of improvement initiated complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles YAZOOBASIN HEADWATER, MISS. Coldwater River.._ --------------------------- 1941 9,896,662 46.70 9,896,662 46.70 0 0 100 Arkabutla Canal._________------------------- 1948 80,600 0 80,600 0 0 0 100 Tallahatchie River__ ------ _---------_--------- 1940 7, 361,401 110.00 3,476,401 110.00 0 0 55 Little TallahatchieRiver & Panola-Quitman floodway 1939 1,170, 428 33. 19 1,170, 428 33. 19 0 0 100 a Yocona River-------- _-_----------. ...------ _ 1952 606,181 0 606,181 0 0 0 100 Bobo Bayou-......______________---- ---------- 1944 423,000 4.00 423,000 4.00 0 0 100 m Cassidy Bayou . ...--------------------------------- 1943 10,537, 793 47.60 3,032, 793 47.60 0 0 33 Yalobusha River. ------------------------------- 1939 6, 336, 584 42.05 6,336,584 42.05 1,192,838 0 100 44 Pelucia Creek...------------------------------- 1953 1,299,000 2.90 0 2.90 0 0 1 Yazoo River.. ...------- .......------------------------- 1941 5,105,773 0 4,201,773 0 0 0 82 H Lower auxiliary channel- ----- ----------------------------- 14,500, 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 Tchula Lake-.._.- ..............------------------------ 244,700 31.50 0 0 0 0 0 . BIG SUNFLOWER RIVER, ETC., MISS. Big Sunflower River_____ ---- __-------------- 1947 5,100,000 199.70 0 19.22 0 0 2 Quiver River____________ __-- --------------- 1947 1,507, 000 55.50 0 16.15 0 0 8 0 Deer Creek __________________________-------. 1947 73,120 2.04 73,120 2.04 0 0 100 O Steele Bayou ______________________________-- 1947 3,451,464 45.40 3,451,464 31.94 1,758,584 1.49 97 Big Sunflower River tributaries ._____----------------_ ...... 2,348,000 215.500 0 0 0 0 R Quiver River tributaries_....- _----------..-------- ----....... 0 18.4 0 0 0 0 0 Steele Bayou tributaries--.......------------------------- 43.6 0 0 0 0 0 BOEUF AND TENSAS BASINS, ARK. AND LA. O Bayou Lafourche, La _ __------ ----------......... 1949 35,815,784 1.10 35,815,784 1. 10 1,154,181 0 100 Big & Colewa Creeks, La._....-.------------------ - 1947 4,375,025 34.01 4,375,025 34.01 0 0 100 Tensas River, La--- ----- - ---- - - -- 1947 1,091,965 86.16 1,091,965 86.16 0 0 100 Boeuf River, Ark. & La-......____ --................. 1953 17, 790, 000 28.00 7, 712,709 0 7, 712, 709 0 36 Big Bayou, Ark -------------------------------------- 1952 1, 930, 490 15.60 890, 490 0 0 0 30 Bayou M acon, Ark. & La._.......----.----------.---.---- 0 170.00 0 0 0 0 0 Canal 19, Ark........... ---------------------------------------------------- 14,500,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 C an al 4 3 , A rk .. . . . .. - . . . . . . . . . .6 00 , 00 0 24 . 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 Canal 81, Ark-...................- 1, 735, 000 15.90 0 0 0 0 0 TABLE F-2. Vicksburg district-Continued (New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1954) In project when complete Completed June 30, 1954 Operations during fiscal year Location of improvement Year i Percent initiated I I complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out 1 i I I I - - - - - I I Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles BAYOU METO BASIN, ARK. O Bayou Meto __--- 9,940,000 19.90 0 0 0 0 0© Little Bayou Meto and Salt Bayou --- 5,650,000 10.92 0 0 0 0 Wabbaseka Bayou---- --- 353,000 20.10 0 0 0 0 © Bradley Slough_ 470,000 0 0 0 0 0 © tt0r z e oo TABLE F-3. Memphis district (New channel improvement work accomplished during fiscal year and operative portion of project feature in place June 30, 1954) In project when complete Completed June 30, 1954 Operations during fiscal year Location of improvement Year I I Percent initiated complete Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Excavation Clean out Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles Cubic yards Miles West Memphis drainage project, Ark.......----------------. 1951 1,726, 912 2.5 1,596,912 0 341,177 0 80 Mississippi County DD #17, Ark _ 1947 1,068, 302 0 1,068,302 0 0 0 100 Cross County project ditch, Ark_____________________ _ 1942 7, 710,454 0 7, 710,454 0 0 0 100 Tyronza River, Ark __________________________________ 1939 2,795,160 0 2,795,160 0 0 0 100 Birds Point-New Madrid intercepting ditch enlarge- 1952 284,989 0 284,989 0 0 0 100 ment, Samos, Mo. It Miss. River, West Tenn. tribs. (backwater area).... 1952 4,890,000 25.0 161,653 0 0 0 1 Cache River, Ark..____________________________ _ (1) 97, 000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 L'Anguille River, Ark_____________________________ (1) 16, 000,000 23.5 0 0 0 0 0 00 Miss. River below Cape Girardeau (West Tenn. (1) 15,900,000 160.0 0 0 0 0 0 O tributaries). St. Francis River, Mo. and Ark ________________-_ 1953 75, 557, 000 16.0 2,865,265 0 2,865, 265 0 4 1 Authorized but no work started. O z 1624 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 TABLE G. Costs during iscal year 1954 Costs UNITED STATES FUNDS New work Maintenance Flood Control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for emer- gencies: Mississippi River levees: Memphis district------------------- 1,615,953.74 363,492.56 Vicksburg district ------- 913,403.38 121,183.44 New Orleans district ...____________________. . . . 119,024.24 2, 211,879.39 Levees under section 6 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928: Rock Island district____________.._________.... . . . . 32, 806.43 Vicksburg district.....------- 30,734.33 White River backwater levees, Ark. (Memphis district) ........... 114,575.22 South bank Red River levees, La. (New Orleans district) ........ 14,234.89 66,279.10 Red River backwater levees, La. (Vicksburg district) -...... ......... 1,094,770.76 45,699.19 St. Francis Basin project (Memphis district)-....................... 1, 574, 550.97 192,917.19 Augusta to Clarendon, Ark. (Memphis district)-- 172, 517.79 Memphis Harbor (Memphis district) ____ 2,121, 800.42 Des Are, Ark. (Memphis district) .. -------------------------- 158,429.38 - - -- - - - - - - Arkansas River levees, Ark. (Vicksburg district)....---------- 400,904.99 41, 250.13 Big Sunflower River, etc., Miss. (Vicksburg district). _ __ 260,037.73 Boeuf and Tensas Basin (Vicksburg district)-........................ 1,523,676.18 Yazoo Basin headwater, Miss. (Vicksburg district) __ 4,438,016.43 708,118.31 Rights-of-way and flowage, Bayou des Glaises setback (New Orleans 1,516.11 district). Lake Pontchartrain, La. (New Orleans district): Appropriation 21X3112_................._______ _... ._ ......... 358, 301.85 404,532.95 Appropriation 21X3122-.............---------- 783.78 Atchafalaya Basin floodway, La. (New Orleans district) .... ......... 5,620,843.98 383,971.96 Morganza floodway, La. (New Orleans district)....--------------- 1,162,960.79 38,340.54 Bonnet Carre Spillway, La. (New Orleans district) ------------- 111,861.20 Bayous Rapides, Boeuf and Cocodrie, La. (New Orleans district) .. 2,194.99 Revetments: Memphis district ......---....-- 10, 396, 425.82 2,125,022.91 Vicksburg district ............... .... ......------------ --- 3,681,676.08 1,631,802.26 New Orleans district ..--------.......------------------------------------ 2,148, 010.72 497, 213.95 Dredging: Memphis district .----------------------------- 3,039, 755.62 Vicksburg district -----------------. . . . . --------------- 1,056,587.98 New Orleans district ....-------------------------- 67,780.45 Mapping: Memphis district -----..---. . 73,597.70 ................. Vicksburg district ------------------------.......--------- 48,634.90 ------------------ - -- - - - - - - New Orleans district ......----....------- ---------------- 57, 309.09 Surveys, Gages and Observations: Memphis district --------- 154,669.82 Vicksburg district..---------------------- ---------------- - - - - - - - - - - 172,809.77 - New Orleans district ----------- ...------------------------ ---- ---- -- -- 343,513.23 -- ----------------- Subtotal ------- --------------- 38,137,692.69 13,778,681.95 ---- --- - - - - - Flood Control Emergencies: Memphis district .... .---------------------------------- .................. 16,518.42 Vicksburg district.----------- - --------------------- .................. 47, 439.01 New Orleans district - --------------- ...----------------- .................. 50,428.03 Subtotal_ -------- -. 114,385.46 Total United States Funds ----------------------- ----- 38,137, 692.69 13,893,067.41 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Iowa River-Flint Creek levees (Rock Island district) -- __ 16,403.25 South bank Red River levees, La. (New Orleans district) - ---... 4,200.00 Lake Pontchartrain, La. (New Orleans district).....----------- 50, 066.00 Total contributed funds...____................... _____ ... _ 70, 669.25 Grand total, United States and Contributed Funds......... 38,208, 361.94 13,893, 067.41 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1625 TABLE H-1. Costs to June 30, 1954 Costs Existing project 1 New work Maintenance UNITED STATES FUNDS Flood control, Mississippi River and tributaries except for emer- $769,433,783.47 2 $214,790,479.24 gencies. Flood control emergencies_. ____.._.__ . ___.. 14, 407, 626.79 Additional appropriations not under Flood Control Act authoriza- 26,763,728.32 5,305,180.18 tions. Total United States funds ....... ....... .. ...... ... 796,197, 511. 79 234,503,286.21 CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Flood control except for emergencies _________________ 2, 527, 972.90 353,947.85 Flood control emergencies-........___________ ___ . .. ................ 2,866.78 Total Contributed Funds_._------.---.-.---.--- 2,527,972.90 356, 814.63 Grand total United States and contributed funds .......... 798,725,484.69 234,860, 100.84 1 For data covering costs under previous project, see p. 1808, Annual Report for 1944, and p. 1682, Annual Report for 1937. 2 Includes maintenance expenditures since August 18, 1941, not chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations, amounting to $169,669,108.74. TABLE H-2. Statement of the costs to June 30, 1954, incurred for the construction and repair of levees by the United States Government on existing projects under supervision of the President, Mississippi River Commission (including all costs under sections 6 and 7 of Flood Control approved May 15, 1928, and under section 9 of Flood Control Act approved June 15, 1936; and expenditures from the beginning of earliest records through December 31, 1953, for similar purposes by States, local levee districts, and communities interested, covering yardage placed; rights-of-way, engineering expenses, repair work, crevasse closing, high-water expenses, interest, etc.) I Costs incurred by United States under existing projects through Costs incurred by United States under existing projects through Expended by 4 June 30, 1954 State and local 4 organizations 0 from begin- 4 From Government funds From contributed funds ning of earliest 4 available rec- ords through O New work Maintenance New work Maintenance Dec. 31, 1953 I I $1034870 i- Northern (section 6)- - - $19,287.55 $9,643.78 - - - (2) Omaha (sections 7 and 9) ------------------ --------- -------- -- -- $101, 487. 50 (3) Kansas City (section 7)...-- --------------------------------- 25,000.00 (3) Rock Island: Section 6 -- ..------------------------------ -- 753,780.41 --------------- 373,937.16 --- - 4 $5, 523, 287, 60 O Section 7 ........----------------------- 166,785.64 --- . - -$2,079.22 St. Louis: z Section 6..-------------- ---------------- ---------------- 1,950,614.41 979,506.84 4 23, 212, 929.12 Section 7----. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ----------------- 29,787. 22 --------------- C incinnati (section 9) --------------- ----------- ---------- ---------------- 9,688.77 (3) Louisville (section 9) -- ---------------- 17, 860.80 (3) Tulsa (sections 7 and 9) - ---.-....... ...... ...... ....... . ---------------- 395,806.34 167. 04 (3) Little Rock (sections 7 and 9) ---.............. ................ . ---------------- 2,129,108.73 ............... - - -- - - - -- (3) zz Memphis: S ection 6 ------- -- ----- ----- ----- -- ----- ----- -- 108,651.24 6,800.00 54,397.64 ----- - -- -- 4 93, 885, 803.97 Sections 7 and 9--- .. ... ... ... .... ... ... ... .... ... .. 3,451,491, 02 All other: Levees, White River, Woodruff and Monroe Counties, Ark___ 25,000.00 Mississippi River levees - - .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . ... ... 75,552,856.41 11,016,573.97 22,024.82 White River backwater levee, Ark --....................... 6,856,758.52 385,391.53 ................ Augusta to Clarendon, Ark. (part for levees) ...... 1,986,458.05 ................ ................. Des Arc, Ark. (part for levees) .--.................... --... .. 177, 001.12 ................ DeValls Bluff, White River, Ark. (part for levees)- ..... - - 241.84 ................ New Madrid floodway (part for levees) ------------------ ... 3, 144,130.59 972,48 St. Francis Basin project (part for levees).--------- 9,096,465.61 288,478.94 !. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - Roads on levees .............---------- 12,426.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Levees, White River, Clarendon, Ark .................... 227,363.59 i I Subtotal (MemlIhis district) ----------------------------- 97,187,353.08 15,149,707.94 76,422.46 _ Vicksburg: --------- I- -------- I I--------I------- Jonesville, La--..-.............--------....... Section 6 ------- -- ----- ----- ----- -- ----- ----- -- 509, 399.54 100,000.00 462, 220, 424.66 498, 903.91 124,373.63 182,738.44 27, 603.21 Sections 7 and 9----........................... 6,359,209.19 ............ 620,52 See footnotes]at end of table. TABLE H-2-Continued Costs incurred by United States under existing projects through Expended by June 30, 1954 State and local organizations from begin- From Government funds From contributed funds ning of earliest . available rec- ords through New work Maintenance New work Maintenance Dec. 31, 1953 i iI---------- iII i i---- - Vicksburg=(Continued) All other: Mississippi River levees .......-- - ... ....... . . . -- - - - 62, 234, 712.12 10,694,496.27 14, 761.98 00 Arkansas River levees, Ark -....... _........... ....- ------------------------- 17,108,745.38 ---------------- 2,645,098.52 ---------------- ----- - - - - - R oads on levees __ . . . . . . . . . ....... --.. .. . ------------------------- 179,783.49 ................ Yazoo Basin headwater, Miss. (part for levees) .....-.... ------------------------- 2, 749,272.28 265,098.78 ---------------- Vicksburg Yazoo area, Miss. (part for levees) .-........ ------------------------- 17,804.99 ................ ----- - - - - - Yazoo Basin backwater, Miss. (part for levees) -------- ------------------------- 63,715.33 Red River backwater levees, La - -- ------------------------- 7, 205,956.66 55,636.75 I i--------- Subtotal (Vicksburg district) .------------------------- 90, 568,293.70 913.14 20,143, 297, 500. 42 28,223.73 New Orleans: Section 6 . - -------------------------------- - 160, 951.69 33,719.08 23,354.14 4 119, 000, 320. 48 100, 596.44 r Sections 7 and 9 -........ ........ ........ ......--- - .--- -- -- 1,719,200.88 - - All other: B oeuf Basin levees ........... ..........---... .. ... . ---------------------- 2,649,295.24 163,313.97 - ----- -- ----- C) M ississippi R iver levees .-............................. ---------------------- 41,221,063.75 19,759,429.49 40,000.00 271,600.00 119320 4 r000 00 South bank Red River levees -..........- . I --------------------- 8,127, 947.98 2,270,133.93 4,200.00 ---------------- R oads on levees_ -_. ... ... ... ... .... ... ... ... . ---------------------- 540,838.07 .. 00 Rights-of-way and flowage, Bayou des Glaises setback _- ---------------------- 387, 565, 11 -- ------------ ---------------- 0 Atchafalaya Basin floodway, La. (part for levees): Atchafalaya River levees ___...... ......... ........ Atchafalaya Basin protection levees_ ------------ 3,360,484.83 46,377, 867.62 1,478,932.62 - 1,798, 374.89 - - - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- z West Atchafalaya floodway levees ............... 4,251,017.13 - Morganza floodway, La. (part for levees) .--------------- 2,258,981.26 61,331.75 - Bonnet Carre Spillway, La. (part for levees) ............ 3,329,173.38 Lake Pontchartrain, La _-- - .............. _.__.____ 1,798,301.85 1,053, 892.95 676,666.00 ---- Subtotal (New Orleans district) - __-_____-. -_ 114,403,132.66 28,465, 562.17 754,585.08 294,954.14 I I -- - - - 1- -- - I-- I-- - - T ota l . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. .. 304,882,461.81 66,634,708.25 2,491,595.74 325,424.13 303,842,765.83 I I I 'For net expenditu res on previous projects by the United States Government for same 2 Included in amounts reported by the Rock Island and St. Louis districts. purpose (U. S. funds, $81,857,583.68; and contributed funds, $16,177,994.67), see p. 1738, 3 Reports not obtained. Annual Report for 1937. 4 Not segregated under class of funds or project titles. 1628 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Cost and financial summary 1 UNITED STATES FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 19542 prior to 1950 New work: Allotted........ $51,914,846.11 $48,227,925.17 $45,330,106.48 $43,384,676.75 $12,130,094.87 $799,069. 599.88 Cost----------............ 54,757,729.16 48,566,783.68 42,789,118.13 58,207,484.00 50,581,608.51 796,197, 511. 79 Maintenance: Allotted-......... 15,730,153.89 13,171,544.83 15,169,893.52 16,635,323.25 13,858,444.78 220, 427, 360.57 ........... Cost---------- 16,302,102.76 13,123,166.19 15,216,552.13 16,654,459.81 13,778,681.95 220,095, 659.42 Flood control emer- gencies (mainte- nance): Allotted......-... 464,000.00 145,000.00 800,000.00 297,382.00: 14,879, 304.02 Cost...........------------ 430,127.53 159,970.31 238,756.57 489,054.96 114,385.46 14,407, 626.79 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 ..-------- 719,736.60 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955__ 46,450,000.00 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year end- ing June 30, 1955---___-----_ 47,169,736.60 .--------------- Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project-___________ -- __--- 3 406,606,484.74 1 Appropriations were as follows: Appropriations chargeable against Flood Control Act Authorizations: Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries except for Flood Control Emergencies (excludes maintenance expendi- tures August 18, 1941 through June 30, 1954, $169,669,108.74): Net total allotted for works under Mississippi River Commission---------..... ---------------- $817, 758, 943.21 Allotted for surveys under section 10 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928 (not under Mississippi River Commission)_-------------................---- 4,995,214.54 Transferred to Revolving Fund------------------------- 24, 944, 460.35 Impounded Savings...........--------------------------------1,593,097.16 Unallotted balance June 30, 1954......----------------------- 500, 000.00 $849, 791, 715. 26 Flood Control Emergencies: Net total allotted-----.............------------------------------ 14,879,304.02 Impounded savings-------...........................-----------------------------.......... 14, 377.98 Unallotted balance June 30, 1954.............---------------- 6,618.00 14, 900,300.00 Total appropriations chargeable against Flood Control authorizations through June 30, 1954.....-------- --------------------------------- 864, 692, 015.26 Additional funds not chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations: Maintenance expenditures August 18, 1941 through June 30, 1954, from appropria- tions for Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries except for Flood Control Emergencies .------------------------------------------------ 169,669,108.74 Appropriations in addition to appropriations for Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries... --------------------------------------------------- 32,068,908.50 Total additional funds not chargeable against Flood Control Act authoriza- tions through June 30, 1954-----------------------------......................................- ------- 201,738, 017.24 Grand total appropriations for Mississippi River Commission works through June 30, 1954 ...---------------------------------------------------------- 1,066,430,032.50 Reconciliation of appropriations and allotments: Allotted for new work to June 30, 1954 ---------- -------------------------- 799, 069, 599.88 Allotted for maintenance to June 30, 1954: Flood Control Emergencies $ 14,879,304.02 .....------------------------------- All other ......---------------------------------------- 220, 427, 360.57 235,306,664.59 Surveys under section 10 of Flood Control Act approved May 15, 1928---------... 4,995, 214.54 Transferred to Revolving Fund------------------------------------------------- 24,944,460.35 Impounded savings...------------------------------------------------- 1, 607, 475.14 Unallotted balance as of June 30, 1954...---------------------------------------- 506, 618.00 Total appropriated to June 30, 1954- ..----..---........-------------------- 1,066,430,032.50 MISSISSIPPI RIVER COMMISSION 1629 Appropriations 21X3112 for five fiscal years covering new work and maintenance were as follows: Fiscal year 1950 _ - - . - . ..... .... ..... _ _.._..------- ----------- - $67,000,000 Fiscal year 1951- _ ---- _----- _61, 400,400 Fiscal year 1952 .. .. _ ..------------------------- 60,500,000 ------------------------- Fiscal year 1953 ..----- ... _---- . ...-----------. - -----------------------------.. 60,020,000 ..... Fiscal year 1954.................---------------------------------........-------------------- 51,433, 000 2 Amounts stated in this column represent the differences between totals through June 30, 1953, and June 30, 1954. The total allotted in Fiscal Year 1954 ($50,933,000.00) is reduced $24,944,460.35 due to transfer of such amount from the plant allotment to the revolving fund. The total cost for Fiscal Year 1954 ($52,030,760.10) is increased $12,443,915.82 due to converting permanent work cost as stated in item 1, Form 38, to the total-to-date cost stated in item 12, Form 38. The changes made result from introduction of a new accounting system effective July 1, 1953. 3 Amount unappropriated is computed as follows: Appropriations authorized except for Flood Control Emergencies (see footnote (3), pages 2069 and 2070 of Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1953 for breakdown)--------.... $1, 292, 748, 500.00 Appropriations authorized for Flood Control Emergencies (see page 2071 of Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1953) __.______-...__.--------------__. 25,000,000.00 T o t a l au th or izat ion s . . . . . . . . . _ ._.. . . .. _ ..---- - -. . . ..-- - - - - --.. ..--- $1, 3 17, 74 8 , 5 00 . 00 Appropriations for Flood Control, Mississippi River and Tributaries (includes appro- priations for Fiscal Year 1955) chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations: Appropriations except for Flood Control Emergencies (excludes maintenance expenditures August 18, 1941 through June 30, 1954, amounting to $169,669,108.74, --- which are not chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations) ...- $896,241,715.26 Appropriations for Flood Control Emergencies (includes appropriations made prior to July 1, 1953, and allotments thereafter)....--------- ----------------- 14,900, 300.00 Total appropriations chargeable against Flood Control Act authorizations - $911,142,015.26 Amount unappropriated: For all works except Flood Control Emergencies .......................... - $396,506,784.74 For Flood Control Emergencies............----------------- - 10,099,700.00 Total. $406,606,484.74 Cost and financial summary CONTRIBUTED FUNDS Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Contributed .... $161,177.75 -$11,666.08 ------------ $49,114.38 $46,293.56 $2, 527, 972.90 Cost....-----------619,150.32 58, 788.47 $29,334.60 36,353.86 1 71,118.05 2, 527, 972.90 Maintenance: Contributed _... 28,000.00 -4,683.94 271,600.00 -_--..---- 2 356, 814.63 Cost_ _ 7, 245.68 16, 070.38 271,600.00 ------------- 2 356, 814.63 1 Includes accounts payable in amount of $448.80, which was excluded from 1953 cost. 2 Amount reported as of June 30, 1953, increased $2,866.78 to include amount applicable to flood control emergencies. See footnote (1), p. 2072 of 1953 annual report. Cost and financial summary CONSOLIDATED Fiscal year ending June 30 Total to June 30, 1954, includ- ing fiscal years 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 priorto 1950 New work: Allotted and contributed_ $52,076,023.86 $48,216,259.09 $45,330,106.48 $43,433,791.13 $12,176,388.43 $801,597,572.78 Cost .. .... 55,376,879.48 48,625,572.15 42,818,452.73 58,243,837.86 50,652,726.56 798,725,484.69 Maintenance: Allotted and contributed _ 16,194,153.89 13,344,544.83 15,965,209.58 17,204,305.25 13,858,444.78 235,663,479.22 Cost ..... ..... 16,732,230.29 13,290,382.18 15,471,379.08 17,415,114.77 13,893,067.41 234,860,100.84 Other new work data: Unobligated balance, fiscal year ending June 30, 1954 -------- $719,736.60 Appropriated for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955___ 46,450,000.00 Unobligated balances available for succeeding fiscal year ending June 30, 1955_ 47,169,736.60 Estimated additional amount needed to be appropriated for completion of existing project___________________________ 406,606,484.74 WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION ORGANIZATIONS AND FUNCTIONS The Chief of Engineers, by letter dated June 18, 1929, to the President of the Mississippi River Commission, directed the estab- lishment of a hydraulic laboratory in the alluvial valley of the Mis- sissippi. This institution is the Waterways Experiment Station with installations at Vicksburg, Miss., and Jackson, Miss. It was initially established in 1929, under the jurisdiction of the President, Mississippi River Commission. By General Order No. 9, Office, Chief of Engineers, July 29, 1949, the Station was transferred to the direct jurisdiction of the Chief of Engineers, effective August 10, 1949. The organization comprises the Hydraulics, Soils, Concrete, Technical Services and Construction Services Divisions, and the necessary administrative and service facilities for the conduct of experimental research and development and field exploration work. The Flexible Pavement Branch of the Soils Division conducts airfield, landing mat and trafficability studies for the Office, Chief of Engineers. The Concrete and Soils Laboratories also serve as Division Laboratories for the Lower Mississippi Valley Division. The Mississippi River Commission Field Printing Plant is located and operated by the station. The experiment station has as its functions the experimental in- vestigation of problems in hydraulics, soil mechanics, concrete, and flexible pavements presented to the Station for study, as well as research and development work in those fields; technical super- vision of hydraulic model testing at other Corps of Engineers hydraulic laboratories, including the Bonneville Hydraulic Labora- tory, St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory (St. Paul District), and the hydraulic laboratory of the Los Angeles District; proto- type testing in fields of hydraulics, soils and concrete; and technical supervision over hydraulic testing performed under contract with universities or other outside agencies for the Corps of Engineers. Work is performed on a reimbursable basis primarily for other Corps of Engineers offices and also, with authority of the Chief of Engineers, for other Government agencies, private concerns, and foreign Governments. The experiment station maintains close con- tact with the field in all experimental work, both by station person- nel visiting the field and by engineers from the field visiting the Station while model studies or other testing are in progress. The Waterways Experiment Station is also charged with the as- sembling of experimental engineering data from all sources, do- mestic and foreign, in the technical fields assigned to it; the trans- lation and interpretation of these data; and the dissemination thereof to other Corps of Engineers offices through its Research Center and technical reference library. During Fiscal Year 1954, one annual summary, 109 reports of individual studies conducted at the waterways experiment station and 10 translations of foreign articles were distributed to Corps of Engineers offices and inter- 1631 Sig 52-1631-1662 1632 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 ested outside agencies. In addition, the editing and printing units of the Technical Services Division completed 77 publication assign- ments for other offices. OPERATIONS AND RESULTS DURING FISCAL YEAR All work accomplished at the Waterways Experiment Station is initially financed by the revolving fund, reimbursement therefor being obtained directly from agencies for whom the work is per- formed. The cost for operation of the station for the 12 months ending June 30, 1954 amounted to $4,479,372, of which $3,893,055 was charged to establishments served for practical research in- vestigations and related services, and $586,317 for permanent'im- provements and miscellaneous operating expenses. Of the reim- bursable work, $2,258,965 was charged to civil funds, $1,596,585 to military funds, and $37,505 to non-Governmental agencies. The total cost incurred for operation of the Waterways Experiment Station to June 30, 1954, amounted to $46,871,892 of which $37,- 549,203 was for reimbursable operations and $9,322,689 for the cost of permanent improvements and miscellaneous operating ex- penses. PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THE CONGRESSES OF NAVIGATION By an act approved June 28, 1902, Congress appropriated the sum of $3,000 per year for the support and maintenance of the Permanent International Commission of the Congresses of Navi- gation and for the payment of the actual expenses of the properly accredited national delegates of the United States to the meetings of the congresses and of the Commission. An increase in this ap- propriation to $5,000 per year was authorized by the River and Harbor Act approved June 30, 1948. Beginning with the fiscal year 1936, such expenses were paid by allotment from the general appropriation for the improvement and maintenance of river and harbor works. In fiscal year 1954 the allotment of funds for these purposes was included under General Expenses, Corps of Engineers, a single year appropriation. The object of the association is the promotion of inland and maritime navigation by means of organized congresses, and the publication of pertinent information. Its headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, but the congresses are held in various coun- tries upon invitation. The association is supported principally by member nations, but the privileges of membership are also ex- tended to corporations, libraries, and individuals. Governments are represented by delegates, the number of delegates being based on the amounts received annually from such governments and their nationals for the expenses of the Commission. Corporate member- ship may or may not include the privilege of representation by delegate. Two classes of corporate membership are available, the class paying the higher annual subscription having the privilege of representation by delegate. Life individual membership may be secured upon the payment of a single fee or ordinary individual membership upon the payment annually of a fixed fee. The general affairs of the association are managed by a Per- manent Commission with the assistance of a Permanent Council. The Commission is composed of delegates from the supporting governments, and the Council is chosen from the members of the Permanent Commission, the representation in each case being according to the amount of the annual contribution. Due to the large number of American members of the Interna- tional Association, an informal national organization known as the American section was authorized by the Chief of Engineers. The American section conducts all correspondence and handles all administrative matters between the American members and the International Association. The American members of the International Commission act informally as the governing body of the American section and the resident member of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors is ex-officio a member of the Commission and Secretary of the American section. The Secre- tary is assisted in administering the affairs of the American Sec- tion by the two members of the Permanent Council. 1633 1634 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS. U. S. ARMY, 1954 During the fiscal year 1954 the United States was represented as follows: On the American section of the Permanent Commission by Maj. Gen. Philip B. Fleming, United States Army, retired, chairman; Brig. Gen. Gordon R. Young, United States Army, retired; Mr. J. Spencer Smith, of the State of New Jersey; Col. Spencer Cosby, United States Army, retired; Maj. Gen. Glen E. Edgerton, United States Army, retired; Rear Adm. Wm. H. Smith, United States Navy, retired; Col. C. L. Hall, United States Army, retired; Maj. Gen. Lewis A. Pick, United States Army, retired; Maj, Gen. John S. Bragdon, United States Army, retired; and Col. Francis H. Falkner, Corps of Engineers, United States Army. Colonel Falk- ner served as secretary of the American section. During the year a vacancy was created on the Commission due to the death of Mr. J. Spencer Smith. On the American section of the Permanent Council by General Fleming and Colonel Hall. During the year the United States participated in the XVIIIth International Navigation Congress held in Rome, Italy, Septem- ber 13-21, 1953, and in the annual meeting of the Permanent In- ternational Commission held in Brussels, Belgium, June 1-3, 1954. The United States was represented at the Rome Congress by eight official delegates, namely: Col. C. L. Hall, United States Army, Retired, Chairman, and principal delegate from the United States; Colonel Francis H. Falkner, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army; Col. Earl E. Gesler, U. S. Army, Retired; Dr. Serge G. Koushnareff, Department of Commerce; Col. John L. Person, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army; Dr. Robert S. Rowe, Princeton Univer- sity; Col. James Gordon Steese, U. S. Army, Retired; and Brig. Gen. Paschal N. Strong, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army. At the annual meeting in Brussels Maj. Gen. Philip B. Fleming, Chair- man, Col. Francis H. Falkner, Secretary, and Mr. James W. Davis, Director, Port of Baltimore Commission, represented the United States. At the Rome Congress the United States was one of the prin- cipal contributors to the technical discussions. American mem- bers of PIANC contributed technical papers on 12 of the 13 sub- jects. American technical views were sought by representatives of the 37 participating nations and the American delegates parti- cipated extensively in the discussions. Over 200 technical papers submitted by other nations provided a great volume of informa- tion on foreign practices and plans for the benefit of the American members of the Association.' At the annual meeting in Brussels the Permanent International Commission accepted the invitation of Great Britain to hold the XIXth International Congress in either London or Edinburgh' in 1957. The Commission also adopted rules proposed by the Ameri- can Delegation for the processing of technical papers to assure distribution to delegates prior to the Congress. Federal agencies concerned with maritime matters and all cor- porate and individual members of the American section received copies of all technical papers presented at the Rome Congress, PERMANENT INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CONGRESSES 1635 and copies of Bulletin No. 38 of the Association. In addition the Secretary of the American section issued Newsletters at irregu- lar intervals to all corporate and individual members informing them of the activities of the Association and citing matters of technical interest. The membership of the American section on June 30, 1954 totaled 571 consisting of 21 corporate members and 550 individ- uals. During the year individual memberships declined by 40 while corporate memberships increased by 5. The Association is encouraging a trend toward more corporate affiliations and fewer individual members. The balance of Federal appropriations at the beginning of the year on June 30, 1953 amounted to $13,878.40. This sum was accumulated by curtailing expenditures from the annual $5,000 allotments of prior years. On June 30, 1954 the unobligated bal- ance was reduced to zero due to Congressional action requiring that unobligated General Expense funds not continue into the next fiscal year. Federal funds were expended as follows: Annual U. S. contribution to the Association.................. . $1, 500.00 Expenses of delegates to XVIIIth Congress.. ...........-------------------- 1,536.32 Expenses of delegates to annual meeting-_ ......-.... 3, 164.76 Postage and Administrative Expenses.........--------------------------335.40 Total expenditures..........---------------------------------.......6,536.48 Funds revoked ---------------------...... ...... .... 7, 341. 92 .....---------------. Total...........------------------ .. .... ......------------------- 13,878.40 The past year, being an International Commission Congress year, occurring once every four years, was an active one in PIANC affairs. There was a considerable international exchange of mari- time and inland waterway information and the American section achieved closer coordination between the various United States agencies concerned with maritime matters as well as between them and the agencies of other nations. INTEROCEANIC CANAL SURVEYS The proposed canal route across Nicaragua extends from Brito on the Pacific via the Rio Grande Lake Nicaragua, the Rio San Juan, and the Rio Deseado to Greytown on the Atlantic, and is 173 miles long. A survey of the Nicaragua route was made in 1901, and Public Resolution 99, 70th Congress, approved March 2, 1929, authorized a further survey to bring the data up to date, as well as an in- vestigation of additional facilities needed at the Panama Canal, to be made under the direction of the Secretary of War and super- vision of the Chief of Engineers, with the aid of such civilian engi- neers as the President deemed advisable. The President appointed the Interoceanic Canal Board to assist the Chief of Engineers. The Governor of the Panama Canal made the investigation at Pan- ama, and a provisional battalion of United States engineer troops made the survey in Nicaragua. The report of the Chief of Engineers, together with the reports of the Interoceanic Canal Board, of the Governor of the Panama Canal, and of the officer in charge of the survey, was submitted on December 5, 1931, and published in House Document 139, 72d Congress, 1st session. Appropriation for the investigation and survey was $150,000, all of which had been expended by the end of the fiscal year 1943. The River and Harbor Act, approved June 20, 1938, authorized the Secretary of War to continue the gathering of hydrological data in Nicaragua under the supervision of the Chief of Engi- neers as recommended in House Document 139, 72d Congress, 1st session, and such incidental expenses as may be necessary in con- nection therewith are to be paid from appropriations hereafter made for examinations, surveys, and contingencies of rivers and harbors. Collection and compilation of hydrological and meterological data was continued by the Inter-American Geodetic Survey, under the supervision of the Chief of Engineers, in conjunction with its other activities. During the past fiscal year the collection of these data has in- volved the operation within the watershed of Lake Nicaragua of a number of rainfall stations, also stations for collection of evap- oration data, recording lake levels, recording barometic pressure and humidity, and for gaging wind velocity and temperature. The expenditures for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1954, were $8,507.37, from appropriations made for general investigations, collection and study of basic data. It is estimated that $7,000 will be expended in continuing the operations during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1955. 1637 INVESTIGATIONS AND SUPERVISION OF PROJECTS. UNDER THE FEDERAL WATER POWER ACT The Federal Water Power Act of June 10, 1920, created the Federal Power Commission, composed of the Secretary of War, Secretary of the Interior, and Secretary of Agriculture, with authority to grant permits and licenses for hydroelectric develop- ments in all waters over which Congress has jurisdiction. The act further required that the work of the Commission be performed by and through the Departments of War, Interior, and Agriculture, and their engineering, technical, and other personnel, except as may be otherwise provided by law. By the act of June 23, 1930, entitled "An act to reorganize the Federal Power Commission," sections 1 and 2 of the Federal Water Power Act of June 10, 1920, were amended. A commission was provided for to be composed of five commissioners to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The necessity of performing the work through the Departments of War, Interior, and Agriculture was also removed and the Com- mission authorized to appoint such officers and employees as are necessary in the execution of its functions. By title II of the Public Utility Act of 1935, approved August 26, 1935, the original Federal Water Power Act was made part I of the Federal Power Act, and parts II and III added to that act. The law also provides that no waterpower license affecting the navigable capacity of any navigable waters of the United States shall be issued until the plans of the dam or other structures af- fecting navigation have been approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army. There is further provision where- by any person or corporation intending to construct project works in any stream over which Congress has jurisdiction, other than navigable waters, shall file a declaration of intention for the pur- pose of ascertaining whether or not the jurisdiction of the Federal Power Commission will attach. During the past fiscal year work of an engineering nature has been assigned and accomplished as follows: Plans approved by Chief of Engineers and Secretary of the Army in accordance with sec. 4 (e) of Federal Water Power Act----..-----------------------............................................................ 15 Reports submitted on applications for preliminary permits or licenses or amend- ments thereto....................---................--------------------------............................................................................. 39 Licenses and permits under supervision....-------------.....------------------....................................................... 10 The necessary expenses of transportation and subsistence of personnel engaged in investigations and the cost of supervision under the provisions of the Federal Power Act are paid from ap- propriations made for the Federal Power Commission. All other costs of administration of the laws in question are paid from funds available for maintenance and improvement of existing river and harbor work. During the fiscal year funds were expended as follows for the 1639 1640 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 investigation of waterpower projects in cooperation with the Federal Power Commission and the supervision of operations under waterpower permits and licenses: From appropriations for the Commission................................................ $38. 71 From appropriations for works of river and harbor improvements................ 6, 139.13 6,177. 84 MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS In addition to the work of improving rivers and harbors, civil works of a miscellaneous character as indicated below have been committed to the Corps of Engineers. Reports on international boundary waters are found at the pages listed. Kootenay Lake Board of Control (p. 1645). Lake Champlain Board of Control (p. 1641). Lake of the Woods Board of Control (p. 1644). Lake Superior Board of Control (p. 1643). Massena Board of Control (p. 1643). Niagara Board of Control (p. 1642). Osoyoos Lake Board of Control (p. 1646). Prairie Portage Board of Control (p. 1645). Rainy Lake Board of Control (p. 1645). St. Croix River Board of Control (p. 1640). Work accomplished. The work of the fiscal year is summarized as follows: Anchorage areas, special, established or modified under the provisions of sec. 1 of the act of Congress of Apr. 22, 1940................................................................ 2 Anchorages established or modified under the provisions of sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 4, 1915...................................................................... 2 Bridge plans approved by the Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army under the provisions of sec. 9 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899, the General Bridge Act of Mar. 23, 1906, and the General Bridge Act of 1946...... 1 178 Bridge rules and regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 5 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 18, 1894............................................... 24 Dams, other than water-power structures ,plans, approved by Chief of Engineers and the Secretary of the Army under the provisions of sec. 9 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899---.................................................----------------.......------....................-------- 1 Danger zone regulations established or modified under the provisions of ch. XIX of the Army Act of July 9, 1918, or sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917 ._...--..........................................................................................-------------------................... 16 Fishing regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 10 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899-------.....................................................---- 2 Harbor lines established or modified under the provisions of sec. 11 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899-------- ...................................................................------------ 7 Navigation regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917. ........ .................................... ...... 11 Permits issued for work or structures in navigable waters under the provisions of sec. 10 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899............................ ............... 5, 779 Restricted area regulations established or modified under the provisions of sec. 7 of the River and Harbor Act of Aug. 8, 1917 ...................................................... 3 Sunken vessels removed under the provisions of secs. 19 and 20 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1899.....--------...------............................................--------------------..... 2 63 ' In addition, 88 extensions of time on bridge plans were approved. 2 In addition, 124 sunken vessels investigated but not removed. J +% 1641 1642 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Appropriations. The funds with which the miscellaneous civil works were prosecuted during the year totaled $1,290,461.87 and were derived as follows: For investigations, inspections, hearings, reports, service of notice or other action incidental to examination of plans or sites of bridges or Mother structures built or proposed to be built in or over navigable waters or to examinations into alleged violations of law for the pro- tection and preservation of navigable waters of the United States or to the establishment or marking of harbor lines or establishment of anchorages: Allotted during year.......................................................... $559, 759. 70 (These funds were allotted from river and harbor appropriations in accordance with the provisions of sec. 6 of the River and Harbor Act of Mar. 3, 1905.) For the investigation and removal of sunken vessels: Balance on hand July 1, 1953----..----.....-----..............................--------....................... 123, 144.60 Allotted during year.... ------------------------------------ 606,908.54 Received from sales and reimbursements.................----------------------.......................... 649. 03 (These funds were allotted from the appropriation "Operation and Maintenance, General, Corps of Engineers, Civil".) Total .................... ........ ............. 1, 290, 461. 87 Expenditures. The total expenditures for the fiscal year, ex- clusive of :outstanding liabilities, amounting to $42,068.26, were $978,471.01 expended as follows: For investigations, inspections, hearings, and other action incidental to administration of Federal laws _.... -------------------..--- ------- $559, 759. 70 For the removal of sunken vessels .............-----------------------------........................................... 418, 711.31 Total.....................................--------------------------------------------- 978, 471.01 Total funds available--------------..............-----------------------.............................................. 1, 290, 461.87 Total expenditures-......................... ... ........................ $978, 471.01 Outstanding liabilities-------......................................--------------------- 42, 068.26 Revoked.....................................................-------------------------------------. 28, 379.78 1,048, 919.05 Balance available June 30, 1954........................................-------------------------. 241, 542.82 INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY WATERS THE INTERNATIONAL ST. CROIX RIVER BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized pursuant to conditions in the orders of the International Joint Commission approving the maintenance and operation of the dam built by the St. Croix Water Power Company and the Sprague Falls Manu- facturing Company, Ltd., across the St. Croix River at Grand Falls in the State of Maine, and subsequent agreements reached between the Governments of the United States and the Dominion of Canada. The Board is charged with the duty of formulating and admin- istering rules under which the power plant and accessories are to be operated to prevent as nearly as possible a level of water at the dam higher than 203.5 (mean sea-level datum), and to secure to the users of water below Grand Falls the flow of water to which MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1643 they are entitled. The Board is also charged with the supervision of the operation of all fishways on the portion of the St. Croix River that forms the international boundary. On October 2, 1934, the International Joint Commission issued an order approving the reconstruction of the dam, owned by Cana- dian Cottons, Ltd., extending across the St. Croix River from Milltown in the province of New Brunswick, Canada, to Milltown in the State of Maine, United States of America, which contained the following conditions: 1. That the reconstructed dam be so operated as to ensure that the forebay levels rise to no higher elevation than that which has heretofore obtained in the operation of the dam now being replaced. 2. That during times of flood the sluiceways of the dam shall be sufficiently open to ensure passage of the river flow. 3. That the operation of the dam, insofar as is necessary to ensure the observance of the provisions of this order, be under the supervision of the International St. Croix River Board of Control. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year 1954 were Mr. T. M. Patterson, Water Resources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, serving as Canadian Member, and Col. L. W. Hewitt, Corps of Engineers, serving as United States Member, succeeded by Col. R. W. Pearson, Corps of Engineers, on May 22, 1954. Operations during the fiscal year. Supervision was maintained and inspections by the Canadian and United States members were made to ensure that the regulations of the International Joint Commission were carried out. A representative of the United States member made an inspection of the Vanceboro and Forest City Reservoir dams at the request of the International Joint Com- mission and a detailed report on the findings will be made. THE INTERNATIONAL LAKE CHAMPLAIN BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized pursuant to the provisions of the orders, dated June 10, 1937, of the Interna- tional Joint Commission, approving the construction and operation of certain remedial works in the Richelieu River at Fryers Island in the Province of Quebec, Dominion of Canada. The Board is charged with the responsibility of ensuring compliance with the provisions of the order of approval insofar as they relate to the regulation of the levels of Lake Champlain. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for fiscal year 1954 were Mr. T. M. Patterson of the Water Resources Di- vision, Department of Northern Affiairs and National Resources, for Canada, and Col. A. H. Davidson, Corps of Engineers, for the United States. Operations and results during fiscal year. None. The con- struction of the Fryers Island Control Dam was completed in De- cember 1938. Gates have been installed but have not been oper- ated, pending excavation of the natural river control upstream from the dam. 1644 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 INTERNATIONAL NIAGARA BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was established on August 19, 1953, by directive of the International Joint Commission and is charged with the duties of reviewing and approving design and procedures for installation of remedial works, recommended by the Commission in its report of May 5, 1953, and exercising gen- eral direction of construction of such works; exercising control over the maintenance and operation of such remedial works (and more particularly over the Chippawa-Grass Island Pool Control Structure) in such manner as to meet the scenic-beauty require- ments of Article IV of the Treaty of February 27, 1950, by en- suring a dependable and adequate flow over the falls; ascertain- ing, determining and recording the amounts of water available for the purposes of the Treaty of 1950, including diversions for power and other purposes; and submitting written reports to the Commission for its meetings or as otherwise directed. Members of the Board. The present membership of the Board consists of Mr. T. M. Patterson, Chief, Water Resources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, and Mr. A. A. Anderson, Chief Engineer, Department of Public Works, for Canada, and Col. W. P. Trower, Corps of Engineers, and Mr. Francis L. Adams, Chief, Bureau of Power, Federal Power Com- mission, for the United States. Operations and results during fiscal year. Assisted by a Work- ing Committee appointed by the Board in October 1953, consist- ing of two members each from technical agencies in the United States and Canada, the Board has reviewed and approved the de- signs and procedures submitted so far by the construction entities for the installation of remedial works recommended by the Inter- national Joint Commission in its report "Preservation and En- hancement of Niagara Falls", 1953. During the fiscal year the construction entity for Canada, the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, awarded a contract in the amount of $1,785,567 to Canadian Vickers Ltd., Montreal, Province of Quebec, for the design and manufacture of the gates and operating machinery of the Chippawa-Grass Island Pool Con- trol Structure. The construction entity for the United States, the Buffalo District, Corps of Engineers, awarded a contract in the amount of $595,741 to the McLain Construction Corporation of Buffalo, New York, for excavation and fill on the Goat Island flank of Horseshoe Falls. In each case the Board reviewed and ap- proved the plans and specifications. The Board adopted a publicity program in cooperation with the construction entities to minimize unguided speculation in the minds of the public concerning the nature and purposes of the remedial works. On June 2, 1954, a ground-breaking ceremony was held at Niagara Falls, sponsored jointly by the Buffalo Dis- trict, Corps of Engineers and the Hydro-Electric Power Commis- sion of Ontario on behalf of the International Joint Commission, to commemorate initiation of construction of the remedial works for the preservation and enhancement of the scenic beauty of Niagara Falls. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1645 The Board submitted semiannual progress reports to the Inter- national Joint Commission in October 1953 and April 1954. INTERNATIONAL MASSENA BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. An order of the International Joint Commission issued after a hearing on the application of the St. Lawrence River Power Company for permission to continue to maintain the submerged rock weir constructed by the company in the south Sault Channel of the St. Lawrence River, authorized the maintenance of the weir and, among other things, provided for a board of engineers to pass upon and control the new and old works involved. Members of the Board. The Canadian member of the Board for the fiscal year was Mr. T. M. Patterson, Chief, Water Re- sources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Ottawa. The United States member was Col. Philip R. Garges, Corps of Engineers, District Engineer, Buffalo, N. Y. Operationsduring the fiscal year. The Board kept in touch with conditions by means of inspections and with respect to the diver- sion by means of monthly reports of the power company, showing the amount of water diverted and powerhouse performance from day to day. The weir was inspected by the district engineer's rep- resentative on June 28, 1954. "INTERNATIONAL LAKE SUPERIOR BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board, organized in pursuance of orders issued by the International Joint Commission, May 26, 1914, is charged with supervision of the operation of all compen- sating works and all power canals and appurtenances from the point of view of controlling the outflow from Lake Superior so as to maintain its level as near as possible between elevations 602.1 and 603.6 feet above mean tide at New York, and controlling the outflow so as to prevent the level of the St. Marys River below the locks from exceeding elevation 584.5 Members of the Board. The present members of the Board are Mr. T. M. Patterson, Department of Northern Affairs and Na- tional Resources, for Canada, and Col. Wendell P. Trower, Divi- sion Engineer, Great Lakes Division, Corps of Engineers, for the United States who succeeded Col. Arthur C. Nauman, District Engineer, Detroit District Corps of Engineers, on October 7, 1953. Operationsduring the fiscal year. The Board was kept advised of conditions pertaining to the regulation of Lake Superior, through representatives of Canadian and United States technical agencies, and by means of regular systematic reports of the water levels in Lake Superior, in channels of the St. Marys River above and below the Sault Locks, and in Lake Huron. Records of dis- charge at Sault Ste. Marie through the rapids, navigation canals and power plants were also systematically reported to the Board. A joint inspection of the compensating works was made by the Board on September 3, 1953, at which time the structure and the operating parts were found to be in more or less satisfactory con- dition. The Canadian gates needed painting and the grease cups 1646 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 on the operating parts required attention. Some painting of the United States gates was required. These conditions are being corrected. Changes in the rate of outflow from Lake Superior are directed by the Board as indicated by the current operating rule. Supplies to Lake Superior during the past year have been slightly above average with appreciable increase over normal supply noted dur- ing late spring. Lake Superior levels at the beginning of fiscal year 1955 corres- pond closely with those occurring during the same period of fiscal year 1954. It appears that the maximum seasonal crest during fiscal year 1955 will approximate the peake level which occurred in fiscal year 1954. On March 30, 1954, the United States member of the Board sub- mitted copies of the Board's annual report, for calendar year 1953, to the United States Section, International Joint Commission, through the Office, Chief of Engineers. LAKE OF THE WOODS WATERSHED The members for Canada of the International Lake of the Woods Control Board, the International Rainy Lake Board of Con- trol and the International Prairie Portage Board of Control for the fiscal year were Mr. I. R. Strome, Mr. R. M. Watt, and Mr. J. D. McLeod, in turn. Colonel Aldo H. Bagnulo, Corps of Engi- neers, was the member for the United States. INTERNATIONAL LAKE OF THE WOODS CONTROL BOARD The convention between the United States and Great Britain proclaimed July 17, 1925, provides for the regulation of the level of the Lake of the Woods in order to secure to the inhabitants of the United States and Canada the most advantageous use of the waters thereof, and of the waters flowing into and from the lake on each side of the boundary between the two countries. The convention also provides for the establishment and main- tenance of a Canadian Lake of the Woods Control Board to regu- late and control the outflow of the waters of the lake, and for the establishment and maintenance of an International Lake of the Woods Control Board, composed of two engineers, one represent- ing the United States and the other representing Canada, to whose approval the rate of total discharge shall be subject whenever the elevation rises above elevation 1061 or falls below elevation 1056, sea-level datum. Operationsduring the fiscal year. Supervision was maintained and inspections were made to ensure that every effort was being made to comply with the provisions of the Convention. MISCELLANEOUS CIVIL WORKS 1647 INTERNATIONAL RAINY LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL The convention between the United States and Canada, ratified by the United States Senate August 30, 1940, provides in part that: The International Joint Commission * * * is hereby clothed with power to de- termine when emergency conditions exist in the Rainy Lake watershed, whether by reason of high or low water, and the Commission is hereby empowered to adopt such measures of control as to it may seem proper with respect to existing dams at Kettle Falls-and International Falls, as well as with respect to any existing or future dams or works in boundary waters of the Rainy Lake watershed, in the event the Commission shall determine that such emergency conditions exist. On June 8, 1949, the Commission issued an order to the owners of the dams at the outlet of Namakan Lake and Rainy Lake, which provided for a method of regulation as recommended by the In- ternational Rainy Lake Board of Control. The order provides for certain levels during the various seasons of the year as well as control of outflows, with the view to securing the most advan- tageous use of the water in total to the various interests. Operationsduring the fiscal year. Inspections were made, basin data compiled, and engineering reports were submitted to the Commission. INTERNATIONAL PRAIRIE PORTAGE BOARD OF CONTROL The Prairie Portage Board of Control was formed by the In- ternational Joint Commission for the purpose of furnishing it with technical advice regarding the suitability of the dam struc- ture at Prairie Portage, Lake County, Minn. After approval of the plans by the Department of the Army, and the International Joint Commission, the Board has been retained to advise the Com- mission further regarding progress of construction and regarding any other matters which might arise concerning this project. The United States Forest Service, which is constructing the dam, postponed work on this project during the war and at this time is merely maintaining the cofferdam, which was completed in 1941. INTERNATIONAL KOOTENAY LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. The Board was organized to secure compliance with the provisions of the orders of the International Joint Commission dated November 11, 1938, and August 5, 1949, relating to the construction and operation of control works by the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada, Ltd., through the West Kootenay Power and Light Company, in and adjacent to the channel of the Kootenay River, and the regulation of the levels of Kootenay Lake in the Province of British Columbia. 1648 REPORT OF CHIEF OF ENGINEERS, U. S. ARMY, 1954 Members of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year were Mr. W. C. Warren and Mr. H. T. Ramsden, Water Re- sources Division, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Vancouver, British Columbia, for Canada, and Col. N. A. Matthias, Corps of Engineers, and Mr. T. R. Newell, U. S. Geological Survey, Boise, Idaho, for the United States. Operations during the fiscal year. No formal meetings of the Board were held during the fiscal year. Investigations and visits to the area were made by individual members of the Board. The annual report was submitted to the Commission. INTERNATIONAL OSOYOOS LAKE BOARD OF CONTROL Constitution and duties. A special board of engineers was constituted to ensure compliance with the provisions of the order of the International Joint Commission dated July 12, 1943, di- recting investigation of high water conditions on the Okanogan River and studies of the relationships between certain obstruc- tions, complained of in an application by the State of Washington, and the levels of Osoyoos Lake. The Board was enlarged from two to four members by an order of the Commission dated September 12, 1946, to carry out the provisions of the order relative to the operations of the Zosel Dam. Members of the Board. The members of the Board for the fiscal year were Mr. W. C. Warren, Water Resources Division, Depart- ment of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Vancouver, British Columbia, and Mr. C. F. P. Faulkner, Department of Pub- lic works, Canada, New Westminster, British Columbia, for Canada, and Mr. F. M. Veatch, United States Geological Survey, Tacoma, Washington, and Col. N. A. Matthias, Corps of Engi- neers, for the United States. Operations during the fiscal year. No formal meetings of the Board were held during the fiscal year. Supervision was main- tained to ensure compliance with the provisions of the Interna- tional Joint Commission. The annual report was submitted to the Commission. INDEX A Pagl Abbapoola Creek, S. C........................................------------------ 326 Aberdeen, Ohio.......................... ................................................. 978 .......................................... Abiquin Dam, N. M ex ................................................... 634 Abraham Creek, Pa.................................: ...................................... ...................... 234 Abseson Creek, N. J............................... .. .. 190 ................................................ Absecon Inlet, N. J...............................................----.......................---.... 180 Academy Creek, Brunswick Harbor, Ga., improvement. ....................... 340 Accotink Creek, Va ................................................. ....................258 Adams Bayou, Tex............................................................. . ............ 552 Adams, Hoosic River Basin, Mass................................... .............. 151 Adams levee unit, Indiana .................................................... . ... .... ............. 944 Addicks Reservoir, Tex .. .................................................. . ...... ................. 599 Addison, N. Y ................ .................................................. ... . ...... .......... 225 ................................. Adena, Ohio................ ..... ..... ........ .......... 1024 Adger, Ala................................................................................... 438 Agate Bay (Two Harbors) Minn................................................... 1033 Ahnapee River, Wis......................................................................1068 Aitkin, Minn., Mississippi River near................................................ 784 Akron, Ala........................ . . ..... .. ...................................... ... . 438 Alabama-Coosa Rivers, Ala. and Ga...................................... ........... 432 Alafia River, Fla.. ... ..... .... .. . .................... . ..................... .... 391 Alameda Creek, Calif ..... ..... ................................... . ................. ... . 1346 Alamo Reservoir, Bill Williams River, Ariz............. .......................... 1298 Alaska engineering district............. . ................ ............................ 1543 Albermarle and Chesapeake Canal, N. C. and Va., improvement ............... .. 285 Albeni Falls, Idaho........................................................................ 1516 Albuquerque, N. Mex., engineering district..................................... 629 Alexandria, Va., improvement of Potomac River at............................... 258 Algiers Lock, La...................................................................... 461 Algoma Harbor, Wis ............................................. 1068 Alhambra, Wash., Los Angeles, Calif ............................... _ .. 1268 Aliso Creek Dam, Calif ............. ....................................... 1288, 1298 Allatoona Reservoir, Coosa River Basin, Ga-...........-................. 449 Allegany on Allegheny River, N. Y...................................................... 1024 Allegheny River, Pa. and N. Y..... ................ ..... .. 983 Construction of locks and dams ............................. ............ 983,985 Flood control reservoirs ......................................................... 1025 Improvement by open channel work .......................................... 996 Allentown, Lehigh River, Pa. ....................................................... 191 Alligator River, N. C. . . ............ ....... ....... ... .. . .................. .. ...... 299 Alloway Creek, N. J.. ................................................. 190 Allyns Point, Thames River, Conn....... ...................... .......... 43 Alma, Wis., harbor......................................................... 737 A l m on d R e se rvo ir, N . Y .. . . . . . . . .. . .. . .. ...... . . . . . . . . ... . . . ... .... . . ... .22 1, 2 2 7 Aloha-Rigolette area, Louisiana. ............................... ........ .497,509 Alpena Harbor, M ich... ...................................... ........................ 478 Altamaha River and Sound, Ga............. ..... ................................. 340 Alton, Ind ............ . . . . ...... ....... .. ....... ......... ...................... 944 Amazon Creek, Oreg .... ............... .................................. . ................ 1453 Ambrose Channels, New York Harbor, N. Y., improvement ......................... 125 Am erican Channel, M ich....................................................... 1163 American River, Calif ......................................................... 1349 Amherstburg Channel, Detroit River, Mich., improvement............................. 1162 Am ite River, La . . .......... ... .................................................. ........ 49 1649 1650 INDEX Page Amsterdam, Ohio ------.... ------------------------------------- 1030 Anacortes Harbor, Wash--...... -----------------------..............................-------. 1485 Anacostia River, D. C.:................................................---------------------------------------..........................................243,259 Reclamation and development of the flats..................---------...--...--....... 258 Anahuac Channel, Tex... -------.. ------------------------------------------- 576 Anchorage Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y.......................................................... 125 Anclote River, Fla .......................-----------------..----.....................................-----.......................................-------- 384, 401 Anderson, Ind ........................................... 9-------------------- Andover Reservoir, Conn ............................................................................................ 65, 83 Angelina River, Tex----.......................----------------------------------------............................................................................ 604 Annapolis Harbor, Md.................-------------------------------------................................................................................ 218 Annisquam River, Mass-----........--------------------------------------...................................................................................... 17 Anthony Shoals Reservoir, Ga-----......-.............--.................----...............----............................... 3------ 341 Apalachicola Bay, Fla., to Mexican border.......----...................................................... 414 Apalachicola Bay, Fla .. ------------------------------------------- 448 Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint Rivers, Ga. and Fla................................ 417 Aplin, Ark---------------------------------------------------- 667 Apoon Mouth of Yukon River, Alaska...................................................................... 1547 Appomattox River, Va.................................................................................................. 274 Appoquinimink River, Del----------------------------------------.......................................................................................... 190 Aqueduct, Washington, D. C., maintenance and repair of .................................. . 252 Aquia Creek, Va---------..............................................................................................--------... 258 Aransas Bay and Pass., Tex ....---------------------------------------.................................................................................... 558 Arcadia Harbor, Mich-------------------------------------------.................................................................................................. 1113 Arcadia Wash system, Calif ........................-.........--............................................... 1268 Arecibo Harbor, P. R.......................................... ..... ............................................... 401 Arkabutla Reservoir, Miss...... ........................ .....----............................................---. 1584 Arkansas River and Tributaries, Ark. and Okla.: Tulsa District................................................................................................ 671,695, 700 Little Rock District---------------- ...................................--........................................... 643,645, 663 Vicksburg District..... ----------------------....-----------------. 523,645 Arkansas, White and Red River Basins, Ark., La., Okla., Tex., N. Mex., Colo., Kans., and Mo..-------------------------------------........................................................................................................ 519------519 Flood control, Pueblo, Colo..............--...............----............-- -........-------------..---..---------.......................... 629 John Martin Reservoir, Colo ....................................................................--------------------------------........ 630 Arkport Reservoir, N. Y....---------------------..................................................................---------------..........-----........ 221 Arlington, Oreg ..............................................................................................-------------------------------......... 1476 Arlington Reservoir, Mo----....-........................----------------------------------................................................................ 820 Arnaudville, La ..... ..................................... 486 48................ Arthur Kill, N. Y. and N. J........................................................................................ 131 Ash Creek, Conn---..----------------.......................................................................................................... 53 Ashepoo River, S. C., improvement of waterway via.............................................. 316 Ashland Harbor, Wis.. ------------------------------------------...... 1040 Ashland, Ky............................................................................................................972,---------------------------------972,978 Ashland City, Tennn .......................................----- 881 881....................... Ashley River, S. C------........................-------------------------------------..................................................................... 322 Ashtabula Harbor and River, Ohio-----.. ----........ --............................................................... 1198 Ashuelot River, N. H--------- ............---.................................................................................. 85 Aspinwall, Pa ................................................................................................................. 9985 Association of Congresses of Navigation, Permanent International...................... 1631 Astoria, Oreg ..........------------------------------------------------- 1429----------------- 1429....................... Asylum Slough, Calif ----------.. ..................... ...................................... ......... .................. 1314 .................................................................................................. Atchafalaya River, La---------------------------- 495 Athalia, Ohio ...-------------..............................................--...................................................... 978 Atlantic-Gulf Ship Canal, Fla..................................................................................... 401 Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway: Between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla.: Norfolk District .... ----------------------------......................................... 284 Wilmington District ...............................---------------------................................................ 297 Charleston District ................................................. .............. .............. ----.....---..... 315 Savannah District................. ..............................................................-.................. 329 Jacksonville District .............................-----------------------------------------.............................................................. 347 Atwood Reservoir, Ohio....................................................-----------------------------..................................... 960 Augusta, Ga..----.------. . - . - .- . --... . . 345 Augusta, Kans ....... .. ..................................................... 700 Augusta, K y ................................................................................................................. 944 INDEX 1651 Page Augusta, Me... ---------------------------------- -- -------------.. 8, 9 Aunt Betty Rodgersditch, Ark.........------------------------------------549 Aurora, Colo.......................................................................................................-----------------------------------------..... 846 Aurora, Ind ...................................................................................................---------------------------------------------........... 944 Au Sable Harbor, and Harbor of Refuge, Mich.-..-.....-.......................................... 1165 Autauga Creek, Ala -------------. .-------- -------------------- 452 Avery Point, Tex ..---------------........................----------------------------..........................................................................-- 589 Avoca, N. Y........................--------------------------------------------...................................................................................... 225 B Bachelor Island, Clark County, Wash....................................................................... 1473 Back Bay, Miss-----..------------------------------------------ 442 Back Cove, Me------..........-----------------------------..................... 10, 11 Back Creek, Md.........-----------------------------------------171,206,218 Back River Brunswick Harbor, Ga., improvement................................................ 340 Back Sound, N. C....---------.......................................................................................... 313 Bagaduce River, Maine ---------......................-----................................................................... 53 Baker Bay, Baldhill Wash----------------------------------------------1435 Reservoir, N. Dak ......................................................................................... 771,780 Baldhill Reservoir, N. Dak..... -......... 771, 780 Ball Mountain Reservoir, Vt ------...--------.................................... 69, 73 Ballona Creek Calif.......----------------------..............................................1266, 1268 Baltimore, Md.: Engineering district----------------- ......................................................................------------------. ................. 195 Harbor and channels-....................----------------------------------------....................................................................... 195 Harbor, removal of drift----------- ................----..----------......................---........................................ 200 Banana River, Fla., navigation............................................................................----------------------- 363 Bangor, Maine, navigation ---------...---------- ----------------------. 6 Bank stabilization and channel rectification, Arkansas River, Ark. and Okla -------------....----------- 646,647,649 Banner, Ill., special drainage and levee district---.. --------------------- --------.-------. Barataria Bay and Bayou, La---..-----........------------------495.................................................................... _____ 1148 495 Barbourville, Ky ...................................................-----------------------------------------------..................................................... 897 Barcelona Harbor, N. Y ....---..---------------------........................................................................... 1227 Bar Harbor, Maine-----.............------------------------------------.......................................................................................... 53 Barker Reservoir, Tex.. ------------------------------------------- 599 Barkman Creek, La----------------------------------------- 517 Barnegat Bay, N. J.............................---------------------------------------------187....................................................................... 17 Barnegat Inlet, N. J-------------------------------------------..................................................................................................... 183 Barnett Creek, Ky.... ----------------------------------------- 934,944 Barre Falls Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Mass...............................-- ......... 69, 83 Barren Island Gap, Md....------------------------------------------ 205 Barren River, Ky. and Tenn-----.----------------------.-.........................................................----------............................. 914 Barroom Bay, Tex----------------------------------------------........................................................................................................ 560 Bartholomew Bayou, La. and Ark ----------------.......---------.. 528,529, 536, 573 Bartley, Republican River, Nebr.....-------------- ..................................................... 820 Bass Harbor Bar, Maine---------------..---.......................................................................................... 53 Bastrop, La........------------------------------------------------530, 537 Bastrop Bayou, Tex....--------------------------------------------....... 601 Batavia and vicinity, Tonawanda Creek, N. Y........................................................ 1228 Bath, Me.....--------------------------------------------...................... 8, 9 Bath, N. Y.................-------------------------------------------------- 225 Baton Rouge to Gulf of Mexico, La-------------------------------- .......................................................................... 473 Baudette Harbor and River, Minn_................................ 763 Bautista Creek, Calif..----------............................................................................................... 1294 Bawcomville, La.... .-------......--------------------------------------------.......... :529,538 Bay Creek, Ill -------------------.. ------------------------------ 941 Bayfield Harbor, Wis..--------------------------------------............................................................................................ 1050 Bay Ocean Peninsula, Oreg----.........................-----------------------------------............................................................... 1452 Bayou Bonfouca, La--------------------------------------..................................................................................................... 495 Bayou Boeuf Lock, La................................... ............................-------------------........................ 463 Bayou Coden, Ala __....... ............................................................................................. 448 Bayou Galere, Miss--------------------------------------------- ...................................................................................................... 448 Bayou LaBatre, Ala.. .................................................................................................. 448 Bayou Lafourche, La...................................................................................................... 483 Bayou Sorrel Lock, La462.................................................................................................. 462 1652 INDEX Pa Bayous La Loutre, St. Malo and Yscloskey, La.....~_....... 495 Bayous Nezpique to Des Cannes, La..............................-------------------------------- 488 Bayou Portage, La-.-----..---.---..-........................................ ----- . --.... ..---... 471 Bayou Teche, La..............................................................-----------------------------------------------483 Bay Ridge Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y-----... ---------.......... ----------- 103 Bay River, N. C----------------------------------------------- 313 Bayside-Gedney Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y---.---....-------_____ - 125 3----__ Beach City Reservoir, Ohio .....................................----------------------------------------.. 960 Beach Erosion Board---.... ............................---------------------------------------- 1557 Beals Harbor Maine .. --------------- --------------.................-- -----.... 53 Bear Creek, Calif...............-------------------............1381 Bear Creek, Colo ......... . .........................------------------------------------------------ 845 Bear Creek, Ky........... .................--------------------------------... --------------- 914 Bear Creek, Miss .................................................. -------------..... 5------------------- 528 Bear Creek Reservoir, Lehigh River, Pa.............-------------------------..-----......... 190 Bear Dam and Reservoir, Calif .------.......... ............ .---- 1389 Beards Brook Reservoir, N. H .....--------......... .........---------------------------- 57, 83 Beardstown, Ill .......... ........... ------------------........ .........----------------------------- 1145 Bear River, Calif ..........................---------------------------------------------- 1349 Bearse Shoals, Nantucket Sound, Mass .-..........- 32 Beaufort Harbor and River, N. C.: Improvement of harbor-----.............. ---------------------------- 313 Improvement of waterway to Pamlico Sound via Core Sound to Beaufort .......................................................... ..... Harbor--------------------------------- ... .. 313 Beaufort Inlet, N. C............................................... .................... 2-------------------- .. Beaumont, Tex ..................................------------ ............. 552 ...------------------------------------ Beaver Bay Harbor, Minn ...-----------........ ............-------------------------- 1050 Beaver drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg..---....... -------------- 1473, 1475 Beaver Island, Mich................. .-------------- ------------------------------..... 1113 Beaver and Mahoning Rivers, Pa., and Ohio..........-----------------------996, 1025 Belfast Harbor, Maine . .... ..--------------------------------------------.. 7 Belhaven Harbor, N. C........------------------------------------------ 313 Bellaire, Ohio --------------------..--.... .-------..-----....-----.... 024 1---------- Bellamy River N. H ....... ........--------------------------------------------- 53 Bell drainage district, Sangamon River, Ill.................------------------..................................1148 Belle Fourche, Cheyenne River, S. Dak .8. - __ --....-..... ..........---------------------. 845 Belle Glade, Fla ....----------------------------... .......... ------------------ 404 Belle Pass, La ..-- ................. 83 4------------------- Belle Plains, Kan ............ ....--------------------------------....... ..... 700 Belle River, Marine City, Mich- -.....------------------------ 1178 Bellevue, Ky ............----------...........------------------------------------- 944 Bell Foley Reservoir, Ark................... ..----------------------------------------- 651 Bellingham Bay and Harbor, Wash____--___- - -___- 1482 Belpre, Ohio........... -------------------------------------------------- 978 Belt Creek, Mont.. ........ ----------------------------------------------- 866 Belton Reservoir, Leon River, Tex..... ---------------------------------- 620 Benbrook Reservoir, Tex. See Trinity River-----.............---------..-- 616 Benedict Canyon, Ballona Creek Basin------- ................... ----------------------- .... 1.1268 Bennetts Creek, Va ........ .......... .. 274 ...........--------------------------------------------- Bennett Creek, N. Y -------.... ------- ------------------------------ 226 Bennington, Hoosic River Basin, Vt--.......... -----------------------... 153 Bennington Reservoir, N. H---------------------------------.--57, 59, 83 Benton Harbor Canal, Mich -------------------------------------- 1088 Benwood, W. Va......--------------------------------------------- 1022 Beresford Creek, S. C ---------------------------- 326 Berlin Reservoir, Ohio ---------------- 1017 Berwick Lock, La......---------------------------------------------- 486 Bethlehem, Lehigh River, Pa.............................. 192 Beverly Harbor, Mass ...-------------------------------------------------------------- 53 Bickfords Island, Me..-------------------------------------------_~. - -- 12 Big Bay Harbor, Mich...... ------------------------------------------ 1050 Big Bend Reservoir, S. Dak.....------------------------------------ 832,845 Big Bend Reservoir, W. Va ... --------------------------------------- 980 Big Black River, Miss- --- ----........................ 528,539 Big Blue River, Kans. and Nebr...........-.-.-.-...........---.--------. . . 814 Big Cliff Reregulating Dam, Oreg.. --..... 1468 INDEX 1653 Page Big Creek, Ark- .. -..- --... -------.. ---...................... ....................................... .... 548 Big (Cunningham) Creek, Ohio......................------------------------------------................................................ 1227 Big Darby Creek Reservoir, Ohio ...............................-----------------------...................................... 980 Big Dry Creek Reservoir and diversion, California .......----..........--------------........................ 1392 Big HornRiver, Mont ..........................................................................................----------------------------------.... 864 Big Lake, Ill--------...........-------.........................................--------------------------------........................................................ 1148 Big Marco Pass, Fla., to Naples, Fla-----.............----------------------------........................................................ 401 Big Pigeon Bayou, La-----................................--------------------------------........................................................... 495 Big Prairie, Ill.......................................................................... ...........................-------------------------------- 1148 Big Sandy River, including Levisa and Tug Forks, Va., W. Va., and Ky........956, 971 Flood control reservoirs...................-------- ..----....... 980 Big Sioux River, S. Dak. and Iowa ..........-------------..............................................................-- 829 Big Slough to Belle Plains, Kan-----................-----------------------------........................................................... 700 Big Suamico River, Wis................................-----------...................................................... 1113 Big Sunflower River, Miss--...--.......--...........--..---------------................------................................ 528 Big Thoroughfare River, Md-2.................-.............................---.............................. 210 Big TimberCreek, N. J.............. --.................... .......................................... 190 Biles Creek, Pa .......--........---..... --........ ........................................... 158.................. 158 Billings, Mont---.. ---------------.. .......................................................... 863 Biloxi Harbor and Bay, Miss .....-----------------..........................................----------................................... 442 Binghamton, N. Y........-------...----------------------------------......................................................................................... 222 Birch Hill Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Mass....................-------------................... 69, 75 Birch Reservoir, W . Va ............................................................................................... 980 Biscayne Bay, Fla.................................................................-------............................ 374 Bisteneau Lake, La----......................................................................................................---------- 495 Black Bayou Reservoir, La-------....----- -------------- .............................----- 497, 519 Black Butte Dam and Reservoir, Calif ------------------------.. .......... 1371 Blackfish Bayou, Ark.. ......... ...... ......................................................................------- 545 BlackfootArea, Idaho.......----------------......................................................................................... 1532 Blackfoot River, Idaho --.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .---------------..----------------.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ---- Black Rascal Creek, Calif ........................................................................................... 1532 1389 Black River, Ark., Mo., and La....----------------......................................523,650,668 Black River Harbor, Mich ................ ................------------------------------------. 1050 Black River Harbor, N. Y ...--------------------..........................................------------------.................................... 1227 Black River, Mich................................--------------------.......................................................1089, 1178 Black River, N. C............................................---------------------------------------------................................................... 313 Black River, Wis.............. ----------------.....--...... 788 770,---------------------- Black Rock Channel, N. Y..-- .. - -------------- .................................. 1211 Blackstone River Basin, Mass. and R I .......................................----...................... 62 Black Walnut Harbor, Md-----..................-----------------................................................................. 218 Black Warrior Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, Ala .....................--..................... 436 Locks and dams-----...... ............---.....................................--------------------..................... 438 Blackwater Reservoir, Merrimack River Basin, N. H............................................. 57, 60 BlackwaterRiver, Fla.............------------------------------------------................................................................................. 448 Blackwater River, N. H .........- ---... 6..................... 60 Blackwater River, Va...............------------------------.........................................................................-----------------........ 288 Blackwell, Okla...........-----............-------..................................................--............................. 700 Blakely Mountain Reservoir, Ark......---.......................................................---------------............ 530 Blanchard Channel, Los Angeles, Calif ...................................................................... 1268 Blind slough diking district, Clatsop County, Oreg ................................................ 1475 Block Island, R. I.: Harbor of refuge-----..........................----................. . ............................................... 53 Great Salt Pond .........---.--------------............--------------............................................... 53 Blood River, La .......................---.......-----...............................................................------....------.....-- 495 Blue Gum Canyon, Los Angeles, Calif .................................................................... 1268 Blue Mountain Reservoir, Ark-- .............................................................---......................------------------------------- 664 Blue River Dam, McKenzie Basin, Oreg ........................................................... 1455,1476 Bluestone Reservoir, New River, W. Va.................................................................. 967,980 Bluewater Floodway, N. Mex.....----.............--..---.-----...................................................... 638 Bluff Creek, Miss......----.................-----.......---------............----- ---.... 448............... 448 Boards: Beach Erosion ......................-----------................................................................. 1557 Engineers for Rivers and Harbors-... .................................. --. .......... 1551 International: Kootenay Lake Board of Control ...................-..................................... 1645 Lake Champlain Board of Control ............................................... 1641 1654 INDEX Page International :-Continued Lake of the Woods Board of Control-- ................--..... .---------------------1644 Lake Superior Board of Control.............................. ______1643 Massena Board of Control.................... ... ............ 1643 Niagara Board of Control------------------------------....................................... 1642 Osoyoos Lake Board of Control................................----------------------------- 1646 Prairie Portage Board of Control............................____ 1645 Rainy Lake Board of Control ...-------------..................... ..----------------- 1645 St. Croix River, Maine, and New Brunswick, Board of Control........-.. 1640 Bodcau Bayou, Red Chute, and Loggy Bayou, La-......-------... ---------..-... -- 497, 519 Bodcau Bayou Reservoir, La ...... ........----------------------------------- 497 ,503 Bodega Bay, Calif.....--------------------------------------------- 1307 Boeuf and Tensas Rivers and Bayou Macon, Ark., and La_....... -..-.-.............. 1582 Boeuf River, Ark., and La ............-......................... 528, 530, 537 Bogalusa, La -------------------------------------------------- 446 Boggy Creek, Okla................---------------------------------------------- 701 Bogue Falia, La.................------------------------------------------------ 495 Bay, Va----------------- Bogues Bay, Bogues Va........................ --------------------------- ----------------- 214 214 Bois de Sioux and Red Rivers, Minn. and N. Dak ................--------------------....... 772, 782 Bois de Sioux River, S. Dak..................... ....----------------------------- 771 Boise River, and Valley, Idaho..-__ --____--- .. . . __1532, . . ..... - . 1535 Bolivar Peninsula, Tex------------------------------..-------------570 Bolivar Reservoir, Ohio ...... .....------------------------------------------ 960 Bonfouca Bayou, La........... ......... ..-------------------------------------------- 495 Bonnet Carre Spillway, La . .... .....---------------------------------------.. 1593 Bonneville, Oreg.: Construction of dam at ... ----.....---.... ------------------ -------- 1414 Restoration of Indian Fishing Grounds_-- ......... ___............_____ 1418 Bonpas Creek, Ill-----------------------------------------------. 944 Bonum Creek, Va................. ---------------------------------------------- 266 Bonneville Reservoir, Ky..----------------------------------------- 946 Boothbay Harbor, Maine......... .. . . . . . ..................... ........... 53 Boston Harbor, Mass....---------------------------- 19 Boswell Reservoir, Boggy Creek, Okla -------------------------------- 701 Bottle Run, Pa .....----------------------------------------------- 235 Boulder, Colo........................-------------------------------------------------- 845 Bowlers Wharf, Va...... --------------------------------....------------- 258 -------.. Boyer River, east fork of, Iowa .........----------------------------- 845 Brackenridge, Pa .............. ---------------------------------------------- 1024 Bradford, Pa ...-----------...........------------------------------------ 998 Brady, Tex----........ ----------------------------------------------- ............ 625 Brandywine River, Wilmington Harbor, Del_..._______.--...............____ . . 168 Branford Harbor, Conn .------------------------------------------- 53 Bransons Cove, Va ... ...... ---------------------------------------------- 258 Brazos Island Harbor, Tex.... ....... ---------------------------------------- 594 Brazos River, Tex.......------------------------------------------- 558, 601 Whitney Reservoir .. ------------------------------------------ 618 Brea Dam, Calif ----------------------------- ------------- 1288, 1292 Breton Bay, Md ----------------------------------------------- 258 Brevoort levee, Indiana ......... ----.--- ------------------... 936 ------ Brewer, Me ................------------------------------------------------------------ 6 Bridgeport Harbor, Conn._____.__ 53 Bridges: Construction across navigable waters..----------------------------.... 1639 Rules governing opening of draws 1639 Brilliant, Ohio----............... .... -------------------------------------------- 1024 Broad Creek, Md----._...-------------------------......---------- 218 Broad Creek River, Del....------------------------------------------ 218 Broad Creek, Va............ ----------------------------------------------- 258 Broadkill River, Del........--------------------------------------------- 190 Broad Sound Boston Harbor, Mass.............................. .....----------------------------------- 20, 21 Broadwater reek, Md ...........................------------------------------------------- 218 Brockway, Pa .. -----------------........- -...---.......-. 1024 INDEX 1655 Page Brockway Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt .. .. ... 69, 83 ....---------------------... Bromley, Ky...--................-------------------------..... 944 Bronx River, N. Y........... ....... ......------------------------------ 146 Brooklyn, W. Va................ .....------------------------------ 978 Brookport, Ill..........--------------------- ... ------------------------- 944,947 Brookville Reservoir, Ind ....-------------------------....-- 946 Browns Creek, N. Y ..--------------------------------------------- 146 Browns Landing, N. C ------------------------------------------- 308 Brownsville, Ky.. ------------------------------.. ------------------ 916 Brownsville, Tex.........----------------------------------------------- 595 Brunswick Harbor, Ga . ------------------------------------------- 340 Brush Bayou, La-----.........------------------------------------------.. 511 Buchannan River, W. Va-----.....------------------------------------.. 996 Buckhorn Reservoir, Ky..... ------------------------------------------.. 946 Bucksport Harbor, Maine .... ---------------------------------------- 6, 53 Budd Inlet, Olympia Harbor, Wash ......... --------------------------------- 1504 a , O h i o .... . _____. _ __.._ _. ____ __. B u e n a V istBuena--Vista,-Ohio----------------------------------------------97 .__ . . . .. . 9 78 Buffalo Bayou, Tex...-------------------------------------------- 599 Buffalo Creek, N. Dak ------------------------------------------- 847 Buffalo Creek, W. Va., and Pa....------------------------------------ 1030 Buffalo, N. Y.: Engineer district .........--------------------------------------- 1185 Improvement of Black Rock Channel and Tonawanda Harbor .......---------- 1211 Improvement of harbor..............------------------- . - 1208 Buffalo River, Miss ........ .........--------------------------------------------- 541 Buffalo, Wyo...... ................------------------------------- 865 Buffumville Reservoir, Mass----------------------------------.....--... 65, 83 Buford Dam, Ga....--------------------------------------------419,421 Buggs Island Reservoir, Va.*and N. C., flood control. See John H. Kerr Reservoir Bull Shoals Reservoir, Ark--..------..----------------..........................-------------651, 655 Burbank eastern system, Los Angeles, Calif ..------------...----------..-----....... 1268 Burbank western system (lower) Los Angeles, Calif 1268 .......--------------------- Burbank western system (upper), Los Angeles, Calif ........ ....--------------------------....... 1268 Burgettstown Raccoon Creek, Pa -.............. ...... . ----------------------------------- 1029 Burial Hill Reach, Conn.......... -----------------------------------------. 53 Burlington Harbor, Vt-------------------------------..........------------123 ng B u rl iB t o n , O hi o . __. __... ..... .. .. ........ . rigo ,O i --------------------------------------------------------------------------- . . .9 77 8 Burns Dam and Reservoir, Calif.......... ----------------------------------- 1389 Burnsville Reservoir, W. Va..........---------------------------------------980 Burr Oak Reservoir, Ohio. See Tom Jenkins Reservoir Butte Creek, Calif .................................--------------------------------------------- 1570 Buttermilk Bay, Channel to Buzzards Bay, Mass--... .-.----------------......... --- 53 Buttermilk Channel, N. Y ........ -------------------------------------.. ... 103,146 Butternut Creek, N. Y..... ... .... ..... 220 .......------------------------------ Buzzards Bay, Mass---------...... ... ... ..... 29 .....------------------------------- C Caballero Creek, Los Angeles, Calif....... ............. ..-------------- ---- 1268 Cache River, Ill...... 546, 941 ..--------------------------------- Cache River Diversion, Ill .... ..... ----------------- ........ 730 Cache Slough, Calif-----.......... ...... ....----------. .....-----------------------------1568 Caddo River, Ark--..---......... ...... ......... 532 ........----------------------------- Caddoa (John Martin) Reservoir, Colo---........-------.. ............. 630 ........--------------------- Cadle Creek, Md..... ......... ... 218 ...........................------------------------------------- Caesar Creek Reservoir, Ohio.... .........--------........................ ------------------------------. 946 Cagles Mill Reservoir, Ind .....--- .......--------------....... -.-..-..-........-----------------------. -937,946 Cahaba River, Ala................... ...........--------------------------------- 448 Cajon Creek, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif .....................------------- 1288 Calapooya River, Oreg- 1455, 1472 Calaveras River, Calif .............................. 1377 Calcasieu Pass and River, La ............... ......------------------------------ 490 Lock----- ................... ............ 4-------------------- 1656 INDEX Page Caledonia, N. Y...........................................................---- California Debris Commission----.......................................---..... 1561 California, Ohio----- ............................................................... 944 Calion Lake Dam, Ark................................................---------- 5, 529, 535 Caloosahatchee River Fla-__.................................................... ............... 378, 384 Calumet Harbor and River, Ill. and Ind., improvement of harbor (South Chicago Harbor) .......-------............................................... 1122 Calumet Lake, 111------.......--------------------------------- 1140 Calum et Sag Channel Ill .................................................... .....-... ... ...... 1132 .... Camas Creek Area, Idaho-------.... -----------............ -------....-----........................... ---------- 1532 Camas-Washougal Turning Basin, Wash----..... ---------...... ....... 1420 ..........---------------- Cambridge Creek, Md....------------------------------------------- 203 Cambridge Harbor, Md --......................---------.................. ..---------.. 203 Cambridgeport Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt--...................-- ------------- 69, 83 Camden Harbor, Maine.......................------------------------------------------- 53 Canacadea Creek, N. Y-----.. . ... ---------------------------------- 221, 227 Canadian River, N. Mex., Tex., and Okla......-------------------------- 632,700 Canal Point, Fla....----------------------------------------------- 404 Canapitsit Channel, Mass..-----..----------------------------------- 53 Canasawacta Creek, N. Y-...----------. --.--------------------- 240 Canaveral Harbor, Fla......------------------------------------------ 363 Cane River, La......-----.....................................---------------- 495, 517, 520 Caney Creek, Okla. and Kans .----. -------------------------------------- 700 Caney River, Okla.....---------------------------------------------- 686 Caney Fork River, Tenn--....... . ..................------------------------------ ---..... 894, 904 Canisteo River, N. Y..............................------------------------------------- 221,225, 226 Cannelton, Ind.....----------------.............................. ---------------------... 932, 944 Canton, Mo., Mississippi River ...... ------------------------------------- 756 Canton Reservoir, Okla....------------------------------------------677 Canyon Reservoir, Guadalupe River, Tex ....... ----------------------------- 624 Cape Charles City Harbor, Va --------------------. ----------------- 288 Cape Cod Bay and Canal, Mass-----------------------------------.. -- 28 Cape Fear River, N. C..... ------------------------------------------- 299 Improvement above Wilmington ----------------------------.----. 308 Cape Girardeau, Ill. and Mo.....--------------------------------------- 710 Cape Lookout, N. C., harbor of refuge..---------------..-------. .313 Cape May Canal, N. J---_--- - --.- -----..-..--.--....... 187 Cape May Harbor, Cold Spring Inlet, N. J -----------------------...-----. 178 Cape Porpoise Harbor, M aine ..-............................ ___. . 12 Cape Vincent Harbor, N. Y..... .. ------------------------------------- 1227 Carbon Canyon Dam and Channel, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif............. 1288, 1293 Cardens Bottom drainage district No. 2, Arkansas River, Ark......-----------------. . 668 Carlin Bayou, La .. .... .............-------------------- 495 Carlyle Reservoir, Ill---------- ................... --------........-------------------------- 27 Carpenter Dam, Ark-----.......................... ..... ..----------------------.... 30 Carpenters Creek, Pa------............................... ......--------------------------------- 234 Carrabelle Bar, Harbor, and River, Fla........ ....--------------------------- 415,448 Carroll County levee and Drainage District No. 1, I11l---------_....-- ------------ .. 756 Carrollton, Ky.............................................---------------------------------------------913,944 Carters Creek, Va.---------------------------------------------- 258 Carthage, Mo ....-------------------------------------------------. 688 Carthage Dam and Reservoir, Tenn... ---.-----....... ..--------..... 883 Carvers Harbor, Maine------------------------------------------- 53 Cascadia Dam, South Santiam River, Oreg-------..........---------------- 1455, 1476 Cascades Canal, Oreg....------------------------------------------- 1452 Casco Bay, Me.....------------....-... --------------------- 10 Caseys Pass, Fla....---------------------------------------------- 384 Caseyville, Ky-----------------------------------------.-------- 944 Cashie River, N. C.........................................-------------------- 313 Casselton, N. D........................................................-------- Castle Rock, Cowlitz River, Wash-------...-....... ------.....-.... ...---------------------.. ..- 1476 Castlewood Reservoir, Colo..................................... .. 845 ..---------------------------------------- Cat River, Va................................................................. 214 Catfish Point, La ...................................... ............... ...... ... .... 515 ...... INDEX 1657 Page Cathance River, Maine-----...--------------------------------.................................................................................... 53 Catharine Creek, N. Y .-------.........................................---------------------------.........................................-- 1233 Cathlamet Channel, Oreg ......................................................................-----------------------------------.............. 1429 Catlettsburg, Ky.....................................................................................------------------------------------------ 978 Cattaraugus Creek, N. Y ....................................................................---------------------------------------- 1227 Cavallo Pass, Tex., improvement of channel to Port Lavaca_. ............... ___ -.. 587 Cave-in-Rock, Ill.............---------------.......................................................-------------------------------- 944 Cave Run Reservoir, Ky----- .................................... ...... .... .. 946 ..------------------------------ Cayuga Creek, and Island, N. Y.............------------......... ......... .. 1228 ..--------------------- Cedar Bayou, Tex., improvement........ ----------------------------------- 579 Cedar Bay to Thoroughfare Bay, N. C., improvement... ...-..........-..-.. 313 Cedar Hill, Mo................. .. ...................... ........... 729 ..------------------------------------- Cedar Island, Me., N. H------.. ........ ............ ................---------------------------------- 14, 15 Cedar Keys Harbor, Fla . ..... ............ ... ..........------------------------------------------ 401 Cedar Point Reservoir, h'ans---......--------............ ... ..........--------------------------- 700 Cedar River Harbor, Mich................ ... ........ --------------------------------------- 1113 Celilo Falls, Oreg................... 1408 ... ..........---------------------------------------------- Celina Dam and Reservoir, Tenn....-----------------------------------..... ................ 883 Center Hill Reservoir, Tenn __. ... .........__-.__.__-- ------ 904 ---.......- Centinela Creek, Los Angeles, Calif.... ..... ................ --------------------------------- 1268 Central and Southern, Fla... . ..... 402 ................---------------------------------------- Central City Reservoir, Iowa ..... . ....... 756 ...-------------------------------------- Ceredo-Kenova, W. Va....................--------------------------------------- 978,981 Chain of Rocks, Ill -------...........................----------------------------------- 708, 730 Chanbersburg, Ohio .. ............. ..................-------------------------------------------- 978 Chamita Dam and Reservoir, Rio Chama, N. Mex- -........ __... __ ..... __.__.... .. 633 Champlain Lake, N. Y. and Vt., channel between North and South Hero Islands, navigation ----------------------......................... ---....... ........... ... 146 ..---------------------- International Board of Control__-..... ... .. __---__ ......- .................... 1641 Chandlerville, Ill., east of ...................--------------------....... ........ .................. 1148 ..-------------------- Channel between North and South Hero Islands, Lake Champlain, Vt...--------.... 146 Channel from Buzzards Bay to Buttermilk Bay, Mass ............... 29 ...--------------------- Channel from Pamlico Sound to Avon, N. C ....... .................. ...... 305 Channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca __--. ___.__-- __..--........ _____.. . ... 587 Channel to Port Bolivar, Tex.......--------------------------------------..... 570 Chariton River, Iowa and Mo........... 817 ...--------------------------------- Charles Mill Reservoir, Ohio-- - .......-.-..-----.... ..____... -.-... .........- 960 Charleston, Oreg-....---------..-............ . . . . ..--------------------- .-....-- ---.. --....... -----... 1448 Charleston, S. C.: Engineering district .........------------------------------------------ 315 Improvement of harbor ..... ........ 319 ...........--------------------------------------- Charlevoix Harbor, Mich----------...............................------------------------------ 1111 Charlin Bayou, La................................................----------------------------------------------495 Charlotte Creek, N. Y...------------------------------------------- 220 Charlotte Harbor, Fla-----.............-------------------------------------- 387 Charlotte (Rochester) Harbor, N. Y---- ---................................. .. 1219 Chatfield Reservoir, Colo....____.......-.. ..... ..................... .841,845 Chatham (Stage) Harbor, Mass---- .... ..... .................-------------------------- 53 Chattahoochee River, Ga. and Ala ............---------------------------------- 419 Chattanooga, Tenn., and Rossville, Ga ................------------------.. 908 Chatooga Reservoir, Ga. and S. C_----- - ..............--..... 341 Chauncey Run, N. Y ----------------...---------------------------- 241 Cheat River, W. Va ------------------......--------------------------- 996 Cheatham Lock and Dam, Tenn .............................------------------------------------ 881 Cheboygan Harbor and River, Mich........ 1178 .................-------------------------------- Cheesequake Creek, N. J ...............................---------------------------------------- 146 Chefuncte River, La ------------------- 495 Chehalis River, Wash... 1506 .........------------------------------------------- Chelsea Creek (Boston Harbor), Mass ..... ...............-------------------------------- 21 Chelsea River (Boston Harbor), Mass ..................------------------------------ 20,21 Chemung River, N. Y.....-------------... ........ --------------...... -----........ .. 223 Chena Slough, Alaska ------------------------------------------. 1549 Chenango River, N. Y....-- ..............................-------------------------------------- 221,241 Chequamegon Bay, Wisconsin ........... ........................... ... .. 1040 Cherry Creek Dam and Reservoir, Colo .... ........ ............................ 840,845 Cherry Valley Reservoir, Calif ...-..-.................................................. .1384 1658 INDEX Page Chesapeake and Delaware Canal----.....................................................................----- Chesapeake, Ohio-----.......------------------------................................................. Cheshire, Ohio.............................. ............................................................................---------------------- Chester, Ill........................----------------------------------............................................ Chester River, MdPa ........................................................ 19------------------- Chester River, Pa ..................................... ................................... -------------------- Cheswick, Pa---------------- - ---------------------- Chetco River, Oreg.....--------.........................................................................--------- Cheyenne River, S. Dak. and Wyo--- - .. --.......----..-......----.. ... ...------------------ Chicago Harbor and River: Improvement of harbor.................-----------------------....----....------................... ..... Improvement of river .................. ............... ............ ......... ... ... 1120 Chicago, Ill., engineering district-..........-------------.... .......... ---------................ ... ... Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal_ ......................... __............. ........ .... ... 1133 Chickamauga, Tenn....................................................................------------------------------ Chickasawhay River, Miss .....-------------.....---.........................................---------------- Chickasaw Creek, Ala .............................................. ...- 428 Chico Landing, Calif -------------------------------------------- 1350 Chicopee, Connecticut River Basin, Mass--------- . -------..........----.. .. -------------- 7 Chicopee River, Mass.....-------------------------------------------- 8 Chief Joseph Dam, Wash--........... ............. ......----........------------------------------- Chillicothe Reservoir, Mo -------...---------------------------------- 797 Chilo, Ohio........................---------------------------............ .. .. ...... ...----------------------- Chincoteague Inlet and Bay, Va............ ...... ...------------------------------- 213,21 Waterway to Delaware Bay, navigation-.................... ... . ..--------------------------- Chino Creek, Calif ------------------------------------------------------------------ 1287, 1288 Chinook, Wash., and the Head of Sand Island_ ....... __-.......-...__ . ... 1434 Chippewa Harbor, Isle Royale, Mich .. -------------------------------- 1050 Chippewa River, Wis. and Minn.... ------------------------------------ 786 Chisholm Creek, Kans .................................. . ..............------------------------------------------- Chittenango Creek and tributaries, New York .......--------.-.............. -........ ___ 1236 Chitto Bogue, La ...... ..............................----------------------------------------------- Chocolate Bayou, Tex.............-----------------....................-------------------------- 583 Choctawahatchee Bay and River, Fla. and Ala --.................... .-- 4-- --------- 4..- 14, 426, Choptank River, Md...............--------------------......----------.. .............. ...-----------.. 203 Choteau, Mont-----..... ..------------....-----------------------.... 86 Choupique Bayou, La .........................................---------------------------------------- Chouteau, Nameoki, and Venice drainage and levee district, Illinois-.................. 725 V a . a n d N . C _ . . . . . . . . .......... .... C h owa n Rive r , Chowan--River,-Va.--and-N.-C--------------------------------------1 3 13 Christiansted Harbor, St. Croix, V. I..........------------------------------401 Christina River, Del.........................--------------------------------------------- 168 Cincinnati, Ohio ..........................-------------------------------------------- 922,944 City Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash ....-.- --.------. . ... 1502 Clackamas River, Oreg -- ------------------------- 1472 Claiborne Harbor, Md ...........................------------------------------------------- reg Claiborne Lock and Dam, Ala.....------------........------------------------- 433 Clam Creek, N. J ........................ ..----------------------------------------------- 180 Claremont Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H 6.__..........__ Clarendon to Laconia Circle, Ark .... ................................-------------------------------- Clarington, Ohio.... ....------------------..--.................. ......-------------------------- 97 Clarion River Reservoir, Pa. . -------------------------------------- 1000 Clark Creek, S. C-_...-.. Clark Hill Reservoir, Ga. and S. C .-...-...................... 341,343 Clarksville, Ark ................-----------------------........... ...... ...... --------------------- 668 Clarksville, Ind... . . --.------------------------------------ 926 Clatskanie Drainage Dist., Oreg---....----------...-----.... ... ------- ---------- 1473 Clatskanie River, Oreg .....---.................--------------------------------------- 1452 Clatsop County Diking Dists. Nos. 1 and 4, Oreg ..... -----------------------... 1473 Clear Creek Drainage District, Ill....................................709, 712 Clear Creek and Lake, Tex............- --..................... 581 Clear Lake, Ill.......................................................---------------------------------- Clearwater Reservoir, Mo............................................. .....------------------------------ Clearwater River, Idaho, South Fork of ........ ------------------------------ 1532 Clearwater River, Minn--------------------------------... .-. 771,775 Clendening Reservoir, Ohio- ........-.......... __ ................. ... ......... 960 Cleveland Harbor, Ohio......... ............. ...... ... ....... 1191, 1236 INDEX 1659 Page Cleves, Ohio................................................................................ 944---------------- 944 Clewiston, Fla ...... ----------------------------------------------... 380,404 Clifton, W. Va----- ...-------------------------------------------- 978 Clinch River, Tenn. and Va...........................................---------------------------.......................-------- 894 Clinton Harbor, Conn................................................ -------------------------- .... -------------.... ... 53 Clinton, Ind....-------------------------------------------------- 944 Clinton, Iowa, Pool No. 14 ---------------------.......--- -------...----------- 737 Clinton, Pa---------------------------------------------...................................................................985.. 985 Clinton River, Mich..............................----------------------------..-------................1178, 1180 Clintwood Reservoir, Va------...... --------........ ............-----...........--- ------------------ 980 Clooney Island, La..---------------------------------------------- 490 Cloverport, Ky .......................----------------------------------...........------------- 944 Clyde Pawtucket River Basin, R. I -------....---------------------------. 83 Coal Creek Drainage and Levee District, Ill-----------------~~.~.-----....... . . . 1143 Coal Grove, Ohio ..----------------------------------------------- 978 Coan River, Va--------------------------------------------..- 258 Coasters Harbor Island, R. I....--------------------------------------- 53 Cobscook Bay, Maine -------------------------------------------- 53 Cocheco River, N. H ... -------..---..........................----------------------------------- 53 Cochrane, Wis. . ------------------------------------------------- 736 Cockfield Levee, La .. --------------------------------------------- 520 Cockrell Creek, Va258----------------------------------------------258 Coden Bayou, Ala ---------------------------------------------- 448 Codorus Creek, Pa ---------------------------------------------- 238 Coeur D'Alene, Idaho-----.. -- -------------------------------------- 1523 Cohansey River, N. J . .---...--.---..----------------------- 190 Cohasset Harbor, Mass....--------. -----.--- - ------------------- 53 Cohocton River, N. Y-.......------------------------------ 224 Cold Brook Reservoir, S. Dak.......................------------------------------------- 830 Cold Spring Inlet, N. J .------------------------------------------- 178 Coldwater River, Miss ..........------------------------.................------------------- 528 Colfax, La........ ...........................------------------------------------------------ 497,519 Colfax, Wash--------------------... ............--------------------------- 1540 College Hill, Ky.. .. ------------------------------------------------ 913 ............. Collinsville, Ala ....... ........------------------------------------------------ 452 Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif .--.. --...--....-.-........... __ 1370 Colonial Beach, Va ................. ........------------------------------------- 258 Colorado River, Tex. and Ariz. and Colorado.-. -..-.--............ __ ___.. 560 Colorado Springs, Fountaine que Bouille River, Colo ............---------------------- 638 Columbia Drainage Dist. No. 1, Oreg-----------...---_____......______. 1473 Columbia drainage and levee district No. 3, Illinois ___................._____ ___.. 722 Columbia, La....................... ...---------------------------------... 530, 538 Columbia Lock and Dam, Ala-----........ -----------------------..... 419 Columbia River, Oreg. and Wash.: At Baker Bay, Wash..... --------------------------------- 1435 Below Vancouver, Wash. and Portland, Oreg 1427 Between Chinook, Wash, and the Head of Sand Island....__._____.____.. .. . 1434 Bonneville, Oreg., construction of dam at.............. 1414 Bridges at Cascade locks ......----..--.-..-. . . . . . . - 1452 C ascades C anal .......... ... . ......................................... . _-- . 1452 Celilo Falls to Kennewick, Wash 1408 Chief Joseph Dam, Wash .............-- 1492 Dalles Dam..............--------------------------- -- ------- 1410 Local flood protection - -......... .... - - 1523, 1532 M cN ary D am ......-..... . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .------ 1529 Mouth improvement--------------------.... --- 1437 Vancouver to The Dalles, Oreg .......... - - - - 1419 Wenatchee to Kettle Falls, Wash............... ------------------- 1514 Columbia Slough, Oreg.....-----------------------------------------. 1452 Colusa, Calif.... 1350 Commercial Point, Dorchester Bay and Neponset River, Mass ...-............... 23 Compo Beach, Westport, Conn ..-----------....... __........ _ 53 Compton Creek, Los Angeles River Basin-..-.--.- - .1268 -------.... Compton Creek, N. J...................................-----------------.........146 Conchas Dam and Reservoir, N. Mex..-..........................______ .. _ 632 .__.. 1660 INDEX Page Concordia, Ky ... ....................... . ... 944 Conecuh River, Ala ..............--------------------------------------------- 448 Conejos River, Colo ...............---------------------------------------------- 639 Conemaugh River Reservoir, Pa .......... ------------------------------- 1010,1025 Coney Island Channel, N. Y .......--------------------------------------- 102 Coney Island Creek, N. Y.....---------------------------------------- 146 Congaree River, S. C-----------. -. . --------- ~._.. .....-.-.... - 326 Congresses of Navigation, Permanent International Association of 1.631 Conneaut Harbor, Ohio----..... ....-----------------------.. 1200 Connecticut River Basin, Vt., N. H., Mass., Conn..................... 67 Connecticut River, Mass. and Conn............----------------------------------..... 81 Above Hartford, Conn .......------- --- ------ 53 Below Hartford, Conn----------------------------------------- 44 Consolidated diking and improvement district No. 1, Cowlitz County, Wash................................... 1475 1----------------------------- Contentnea Creek, N. C...... ---------------------------------...-------- 313 Contoocook River, N. H............ ------------------------------------ 59 Conway County levee district No. 6, Arkansas River, Ark..........---------------------- 668 Conway County levee districts Nos. 1, 2, and 8, Arkansas River, Ark __..______ 668 Cooper River, N. J...........................---------------------------------------------- 176 Cooper River, S. C..-----... ---------------...---------.-.. 319,324 Coosa River, Ga. and Ala--....------------------------------------432 Coosaw River, S. C.. ---------------------............--------------------- 316 Coosawatte River, Ga............ ------------------------------------------- 448 Coos Bay, Harbor, and River, Oreg.: Improvement of entrance to bay and harbor ..........----------------------- 1447 Improvement of river............---------------------------1452 Copes Corner Reservoir, N. Y .-..........------ -------------------- 220 -------------------... Coquille River, Oreg. .........-------.... -. . ...---------------------... 1450, 1476 Coralville Reservoir, Iowa-----------------.....-.... __........ 754 Coraopolis, Pa......................... ------------------------------------------------ 1024 Cordova Harbor, Alaska-----...----------------------..--------------1547 Corea Harbor, Maine, navigation.......... Corney, La ........... -...... -.. . . 4 ....------------------------------- 528 Corning, N. Y------........--------------------------.. ....--------------- 224 Cornucopia Harbor, Wis......................... ........ 1038 Corpus Christi, Tex.: Channel to Encinal Peninsula naval seaplane base.....-...... .. .. 601 Improvement of channel to Aransas Pass -------------..----. .. . ........ 589 Corsica River, Md--------------.......... ---------......... ........--------------- 218 Cosmopolis, Wash.............. ........... ----- 1507 .........----------------------------------------- Cottage Grove Reservoir, Oreg...-------.. .......----------------------- ------...... 1461 Cottonwood Springs Reservoir, S. Dak..... .........------------------------------ 829 Cougar Dam, Oreg-......... .----------- ------------------- 1465 Council Bluffs, Iowa-. .-..---------. --------------------- 843, 845 Council Grove Reservoir, Kans....--------......................----------------------------- 700 Courtenay, Fla., channel improvement-----.. ............-------------------------- 401 Covington, Ky....---------------------------------------------- 20, 944 Cow Bayou, Tex.. ---------------------...----------------------- 552 Cow Creek, Kans-.....672 Cowlitz County drainage improvement districts Nos. 1, 2, 5, 11, 13 and 15 Washington ...------------------------------------ 1473, 1476 Cowlitz, River, Wash-.....-----...-.....-------------------1429, 1432 Coyote Creek, Calif ........... ............................ 1268 Coyote Valley Reservoir, Calif ........... ..............------------------------------------.. 1341 Craig Harbor, Alaska.... .. ------------------------------------------- 1547 Crane Brook, N. Y --------.... ............ ------------------------------------- 1236 Crane Creek, Ill.....-----------------------------------------------1148 Cranes Creek, Va.......------------..--------------------------------- 258 Craven Shoal, New York Harbor, N. Y., improvement.............. 125 Crawford County levee district, Arkansas River, Ark ...... 6.......--------------- 660 Creede, Willow Creek, Colo ...........---------------------------------------- 638 Crescent City Harbor, Calif.. .... 301 1--------------------- C riehaven H arbor, M aine...... .... ... .... .... ... .... .... ... .... . 53 Crisfield Harbor, Md-...... - --.- --.-....-................ 218 Crooked Creek Reservoir, Pa ........ ............--...-. .........--..-. 1007 INDEX 1661 Page Crooked Creek, Tenn--... ...... ................------------------------------------------ 548 Crosby Creek, N. Y....--------------------------------------------- 227 Crosbys Narrows, Me............................................................................................ 6---------------- Cross-Florida, Waterway, Fla-------------------...................................---............................... 401 ....------------------------------ Cross Rip Shoals, Mass-------------------------- ................................................................---..------------.. 33 Crow River, Minn .....-----.--------------------------------...................................................................... 789 Crystal River, Fla ......................----...........-------------------------------...........................---------... 401 Cubits Gap, La..---------------------------------..-----..--------- 475 Cuivre River, Mo ....----------------------------------------------- 709 Cumberland, Ky.........----------..---------------------................................ ............. ... .. ... 908 Cumberland, Md.. -------------................................ ----............................. .....----------------- 260 Cumberland City, Tenn.....--------------------- ----------------------- 881 Cumberland River, Ky., and Tenn......................... ..--------------------------- 879, 895 Locks....................................................................---------------------------------------------- ------ 880 Cunningham Creek, Ohio.............................................--------------------------------------- 1227 Current River, Ark., and Mo.................................... -------------------------------------- 650 Curtis Creek, Md-----......-................-........................-.---------------------------------------- 195 Cutler Dam, N. Y.....---------------------------------------------- 222 Cuttyhunk Harbor, Mass ..----------..................................... ..-------------------- 33 Cuyahoga River, Ohio................................................. 1194 ..------------------------------------------ Cypress Bayou and waterway between Shreveport, La., and Jefferson, Tex ... 495, 503 Cypress Creek, Md...... ..... ------------------------------------------ 218 D Dalecarlia Reservoir, Washington, D. C ............. 252 Dale Hollow Reservoir, Tenn, and Ky.-. ___------- -..... --------...- _ 901 Dallas Floodway, Tex....................................------------------------------------------ 614 Dalles-Celilo Canal, Oregon and Wash., improvement- ..... .. ............ 1412 Dalles Dam, Oregon------................................-------------------------------------- 1410 Dam A Reservoir, Neches River, Tex_- .........__-__--______-- ----.. 607 Dam B Reservoir, Neches River, Tex.......__. ___ _ ---------------------- 606 Damariscotta River, Maine-----............. ------------------------.....----------- 53 Dansville and vicinity, Genesee River, N. Y ..........--------------------------- 1232 Danville, Ark-----------------------------------..---------------665 D'Arbonne Bayou, La----------................. ----.....----------------------- 528 Dardanelle, Ark-----...................................--------------------------------------- 668 Dardanelle Dam and Reservoir, Ark .. ___....-...............___... 645 Darien River and Harbor, Ga........-------------------------------------340 Dark Head Creek, Md..-------------------------------------------. 218 Dauphin Island Bay, Ala ..... ----------------------------------------- 448 Davenport Center Reservoir, N. Y...... ---------------------------------- 220 Davenport, Iowa, Harbor ... ------------------------ _______.. - -... 737 Davis Creek, Va.... .............------------------------------------ 288 Davis Lock, St. Marys River, Mich.................... . . . . 1153 Day Creek, Tex. andArk..--------------------------------- 516,517 Dayton, Ky.....----------------------------------------------- 944 Dayton, Touchet River, Wash.----.._ - __- .- --....... ... .. - 1540 Dayton, Wyo ......................... ........... 865 Dead Horse Canyon and Royal Boulevard Channel, Los Angeles, Calif 1268 Deadman's Creek, Calif_.... . ....... ......... .... .. 1388 Deal Island, Md.: Lower Thoroughfare __.. . ...... .... 218 Upper Thoroughfare........ ------------------------------ 218 Debris control, Sacramento, Calif-...... 1565 Debs Inlet, N. Y -----------------------..........-. .................------------------------- 98 Deep Bayou, Ark. and La..---------------------------------------- 529 Deep Creek, Va..-----------..... --............ ........................ . 285,288 ....--------------------- Deep River, Wash ...........----------... ... --------------- ---- 1452, 1475 Deer Creek Prairie levee unit, Indiana. ------- ___-------._ ~..... 944 Deer Creek Reservoir, Ohio................... ..-...........- 980 Deer Island area, Columbia County, Oreg............-----------------. 1428, 1473, 1475 Deer Island Thoroughfare; Maine.................. .-...-....------------------------------- 53 .. Degognia and Fountain Bluff Levee and Drainage District, Ill-...-.-...-.. .. 716 De Gray Reservoir, Ark.-...5................2........ 529, 532 1662 INDEX Page Delaware Bay and River, Pa., N. J., and Del.: At Camden----......-------------- --------------------------------------------------- 164 Delaware River at Delaware City, Del ....__________. __ _____.. .......... 171 At or near mouth of Neversink River- ___________________________...... - .. ___ 190 Philadelphia to sea ----------------------------------...------..-------- 160 Philadelphia to Trenton-...... - - - - - - - 157 Delaware Reservoir, Ohio.... ..........------------------------------------------ 974, 980 Delaware River, Kansas, Mouth of .__. ___._._. ._______. ._ 821 Delphi, Ind ............... .. -944, 947 Demopolis Lock and Dam, Ala -........... . . ... 438,439 Denison, Iowa---........------------- 845 Denison Reservoir, Tex. and Okla --...----------- 696 C reek, N . J_. _._.._._..... . . . .. . . D enn is Dennis---Creek,---N.-J-------------------------------------------------_--- 19 0 19 Denton Creek, Tex......- - - - - 612 Denver, Colo .......... .. ..-..-.. 846 De Peve, Wis ...-.----- ------------------- 1060 De Poe Bay, Oreg ------ 1441 Derby, Ind---......... 944 des Cyprairres Bayou, La ... ____..______516, 517 Des Moines River, Iowa........... 756 - - -- -.- __-________- Des Plaines River, Ill_ ____._____- - - - 1130 Detroit, Mich., engineering district ......-.-. . .. - .- __--- . - ..- -. 1151 Detroit Reservoir, Oreg --...-......... 1467 Detroit River, Mich.....-------------------------------------------------- 1161 Devil Creek, Calif- ..__-___--..-.. . . __ . ... 1294 Dewey Reservoir, Ky.---. ---......------------- - 971, 980 Dexter Reregulating Dam, Oreg.. . . . . .. . . 1459 Dickinson Bayou, Tex .......... ........ 582 Diking and improvement district No. 4, Wahkiakum County, Wash ..... ---------- 1475 Diking and improvement district No. 5, Cowlitz County, Wash ........... -------------- 1475 Diking district No. 2, Clatsop County, Oreg ...... ................-... 1475 Diking district No. 3, Clatsop County, Oregw...... ..........- .... 1476 Diking district No. 5, Clatsop County, Oreg-- .................--.._______......__ - -. 1475 Diking districts Nos. 1 and 3 (Puget Island) and Little Island Wahkiakum County, W ash- .. . -. . . -. . . -. . . . - . . .- . . . . . . . . . . 1475 Diking improvement district No. 2, Cowlitz County, Wash . .-----------------.... 1476 Diking improvement district No. 13, Cowlitz County, Wash...... _______.. . 1476 Diking improvement district No. 1, Pacific County, Wash------..-------...... 1475 Diking improvement district No. 11, Cowlitz County, Wash...___.._.. 1476 Dillon Reservoir, Ohio .__..__-____-___- . . . .__962, ... --... 980 Dillonvale, Ohio ........... ......... . .. ...... .. ...... .. 1024 Dismal Swamp Canal, Va .............. 284 District of Columbia: Anacostia Park .. ......... ....---------------------------------- 258 Anacostia River, reclamation of flats . .... --------------------------- ...... 258 Aqueduct, increasing water supply. ----------------------------------- 252 Improvement of Potomac River .....-. _... 243 Doboy Sound, Ga..----------------------------------------------------330 Dock Hill Brook, N. Y Dodge Creek, N. Y------ ......... -.-----------------.... 155 996..........---------- 996 Dog River, Miss .----.......----------------- 448 Donovan levee, Illinois . -............------------ 1148 Don Pedro Reservoir, New Calif .... 1384 Dorcheat Bayou, La.-------------------------------------------------- 495 Dorchester Bay and Neponset River, Mass ..... ..-----------..---------------.. 23 Dorena Reservoir, Oreg.----.-..-.................. 1462 Double Bayou, Tex..- - - --..--...- . - . .-. 575 Double Creek, N. J ----------------------------------------- ---------- 190 Dover Creek, Ga ------------------- 31 Dover, Ky......... 944 Dover, Ohio Reservoir ........ ..... --------------- 960 Dover Lock & Dam, Tenn ..... --------------------------------------------- 881 Drainage district No. 1, Clatsop County, Oreg .. ,. 1475 Drum Inlet, N. C- ------------------------------------- 313 Dry Creek, N. Y ............ -------------------- 1236 Dry Pass, Alaska ..- ,C----- --..- ------------------------------- 1547 INDEX 1663 Page Dry Run, Iowa ................- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - 788 Duck Island Harbor, Conn ----------------------------------- 53 Duck Point Cove, Md-......--- 218 Duck River, Tenn-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 894 Dudley Creek, N. Y ---... -.....- 221 D u Lac B ayo u, L a------- -- -- ----- ---- -- ------ ----- -- -- -- -- -- ----- -- -- ------ --- -- -- ---- -- -- 495 Duluth, Minn.: Engineering district -.-..- - - - - - - 1031 Improvement of Duluth-Superior Harbor....- 1034 D unkirk H arbor, N . Y -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - 1206 Dunns Creek, and Crescent Lake, Fla .401 Dupre Bayou, La........- - - - - - - - - - - - 495 Duwamish Waterway, Wash-............... 1500C Duxbury Harbor, Mass-..- - 53 Dyberry Reservoir, Dyberry Creek, Pa....---------------- 192 D yke C reek, N. Y - - -- - - -- - - -- - - =- - - -- - - -- - - -- - - -- - - -- - - 1229 Dymers Creek, Va... ----------------------------------- 258 E Eagle Creek Reservoir, Ohio ......- - - - - - - - - - --------. 1025 Eagle Gorge Reservoir, Wash ------------------------------------------ 1519 Eagle Harbor, Mich -----------......--------------------------------------- 1050 East Barre, Winooski River Basin, Vt..... ------------------------------------.. 153 East Bay Bayou, Tex .-... . . . . . . 601 East Boothbay, Harbor, Maine ..... .-.-- --- - -- - -- - - 53 East Branch, Clarion River Reservoir, Ohio River Basin, Pa.........----------------- 1000 East Brimfield Reservoir, M ass............................... 65, 83 East Cape Girardeau and Clear Creek Drainage District, Ill..-.................-------- 709 East Chester Creek, N. Y-.-.. . . . . . . . . . . . 146 East Fork Reservoir, Ohio ------------------------------------- 946 East Hartford, Conn ------------------ 70, 83 Eastland, Leon River, Tex..--------------------------------------------- 625 East Liverpool, Ill -..... .. -------------.- 1148 East Lynn, W. Va ..---.. . . -. ------------------ 980 East Norwalk Channel, Norwalk Harbor, Conn........------------------..---- 50 East of Hubly Bridge, Ill..--------------------------------------------- 1148 East Pass Channel, Fla., from Gulf of Mexico into Choctawhatchee Bay....... 426 East Pearl River, Miss .......... 448 East Peoria, Ill ..------... ... ....------------------------------------------------ 1148 East Poplar Bluff and Poplar Bluff, Mo ....-------------- ----------------- 668 East River, Brunswick Harbor, Ga., improvement..-... 340 East ... River, N. Y. improvement, including Coenties Reef.........-----------------.. 107,109 East . - - - - River Turning Basin, Wis ..--... -- - - - -...... 1060 East Rockaway (Debs) Inlet, N. Y-...... . . . .. . . . .. . . . 98 East St. Louis and vicinity, Ill ------------------------------------------ 724 East Sidney Reservoir, N. Y .-.- - -- - - -- - - -- - - - - - - - --- . 220 East Twin Creek, Calif ----------------------------------------------- 1294 E aton W ash, C alif .......................... ...................... . --........ -... 1268 E au G allie, F la ... . . . . . . .. . . . ..... .............. 401 Echo Bay Harbor, N. Y -.... . . . . . . . . . . ... 146 Edenton H arbor, N . C-- -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - 313 Edgartown Harbor, Mass.. . . . . . . 53 Edisto River, S. C ....... 326 Edward M acDowell Reservoir, N. H--------------------------------------- 57, 59 Edwardsville, Pa-.....--------------------------------- 240 Eel River, Calif......... --------------------------- 1345 Eel River, M ass..----------------------------- 27 Egegik River, Alaska ...........-- - - - - - - - - 1547 Eightmile River, Conn .-.-.-. . .. . . 44 Elfin Cove, Alaska.....- - - - - 1547 Elizabeth River, N. J......---------------------------------- 146 Elizabeth River, Va.: Improvement of Norfolk Harbor, including Eastern, Southern, and West- ern Branches------ -.--.--.- - . .-- . --. ...... 280,284 Elizabethtown, Ill- - --..- --- . .--- . . --.. -. . ..........- 944 Sig 53-1663-1694 1664 INDEX Page ..-.... Elk City (Table Mound) Reservoir, Kans --..-... ----- _ .. 696, 700 Elkhorn River Basin, Nebr...- -........... 845 Elkins, W. Va .............. --.. 1014, 1024 Elkport, Iowa ....... ..-... .... 756 Elk River, Ala. and Tenn .............. . ... 894 Elk River, Md ............---------------........ -.----------- 171, 218 Elk River, W . Va ....... ............. ....... ....... .---- --- 956, 969 Elmira, N. Y ..-.....- . -... -. 223 Elokomin slough, Washington..... .................-------------- -............. 1452 Emerald Wash and Live Oak Wash, Calif ............ 1268 Empire, La., improvement of waterway to the Gulf of Mexico ...-... -- 482 Empire, Ohio ............... ---------------- 1024 England Pond levee unit, Illinois ......... . . -- 944 Enid Reservoir, Miss.................................. 1584 Erie, Colo.............----------------.. ... . 845 Erie Canal, N. Y...... - --.- - --119 Erie Harbor, Pa .........--------------------------- 1203 Escambia River, Fla...... . . . . .. . .-.-- - 448 Esopus Creek and Tributaries, N. Y..................................... -- 155 Espanola, N. Mex .... . .. . . . . ..-----------------... . . Essex River, M ass..-.... ....... ....... ..--.. -- 53 Etowah, River, Ga ................-- -.................. 449 Eufaula Reservoir, Okla...................... ........ .-........ 696,700 Eutaw, Ala....... . . . . . . . . ---- 438 Evansville, Ind. .... .......944,947 Everett Harbor, Wash ....................................... -. 1490 Everglades, Fla-... .... . . . . . . . -- 402 Exeter River, N. H .-...... - - --. 53 F Fabius River, Mo . -------------------------- 756 Fairbanks, Alaska -...-------------------------..- ...- 1549 Fairfield, N. C... ................--------------- 299 Fairhaven and New Bedford Harbors, Mass ....---. ._ . -----. .. 33,54 Fairmount Dam, Pa.............. ------------------------------ 165 Fairport Harbor, Ohio........ ..........------------------------------------------ 1195 Fajardo Harbor, P. R ......... ..........-------------------------- 401 Fall-Austin Reservoir, Ill....... ........... ---------------------- 753 Fall Creek Dam, Willamette River Basin, Oreg-------... ... . 1455 .-----------------.. Falling Spring Dam, Va.....-----------------------------------293 Fall River Basin, S. Dak ... -------------------------. 829,846 Fall River Harbor, Mass .. - .___ ._____.....---------------------------- 34 Fall River, Reservoir, Kans......-------------------------.... 683 Falmouth Harbor, Mass-......- - - - - - 53 Falmouth Reservoir, Ky ...... 946 Fancy Bluff Creek, Ga-..- - - - -- 340 Far Creek, N. C -------------------... ---------------------------- 313 Fargo-Moorhead, Minn. and N. Dak .........--..... 772 Farm Creek, Ill......---------------------------------------------- 1140 Farmdale Dam, Ill-.. . --------------------------------- 1141 Farmers levee and drainage district, Illinois .-...----...... ______.____ .1148 Farmington Reservoir, Calif_ ........... - .__-........ - - ....- 1377 Faulkner Count, Ark....... ............------------------------------------------- 668 Feather River, Calif-----------....... --....... .................----------------------------- 1349, 1369 Federalsburg, Md.............. ....... 240 .............------------------------------------------... Federal Water Power Act, investigation and supervision of projects 1637 .............. Felsenthal Lock and Dam, Ark .......----------...............................-------------------------- 525 Ferguson Brook, N. H .. ... ...........................-------------------------------------------- 59 Fernandina Harbor, Fla.. ....--------------------------....................---------------- 340 Fern Ridge Reservoir, Oreg ..................---------------------------------.. .....------ 1464 Ferrels Bridge Reservoir, Tex .. --- -----------------.....- 497, 500 --.--........... Fighting Island Channel, Detroit River, Mich....................-------------------------..1162 Fire Island Inlet N. Y ............ ............-------------------------------------------. 93 Fishing Bay, Md.. ........... ..........----------------------------------- 218 Fishing Creek, Md ---------........... --------------------------------- ....... 206,217 INDEX 1665 Page Fishing Creek, N. C ..-.......... . . . 313 Fishtrap Reservoir, Ky-.............---------- 980 Fivemile River Harbor, Conn...........---------------------.... 53 Flat Rock Dam, Schuylkill River, Pa__ ______-______..____ 165 Flathead Lake, Mont., improvement of Polson Bay__ __...___. Flathead River, Mont .......-..........- 1514 Fletcher and Sunshine Gardens levee unit, Indiana .___________.______.________.______ 944 Flint River, Ga. and Fla -......... 417 Float Road Slough, Ark........-- 548 Florence, Kans.........--------------....... 700 Florida Barge Canal........ . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 Florida Central and Southern .----------. 402 Flushing Bay, Harbor and Creek, N. Y.: __ Fly Creek, Ala_................. 448 Follansbee, W. Va_________. ___________. 1024 Folsom Reservoir, Calif................ 1374 Fondulac Dam, Ill---...-............ . . . . . . 1141 Fon du Lac H arbor, W is -..-...................... --------- 1062 Ford, Ky ..............- ".....- 913 Fore River, Me-.... 11 Forked Deer River, Tenn -545, 548 Forsyth, Mont.............----------------------- 865 Fort Benning, Ga., lock and dam....... . . ---------------------------- ...... .. 417 Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing Drainage Dist. No. 5, 111Ill____.__________...... 720 Fort Gaines Lock and Dam, Ga ............. 419, 423 Fort Gibson Reservoir, Okla-........---------------.... - 690 Fort Loudoun, Tenn _-. 891 Fort Madison, Iowa, harbor........---------------------- 737 Fort Myers, Fla......- - - 380 Fort Peck Dam, Mont -... ________..._.-... .. 857 Fort Peck, Mont., engineering district_..........______ __ .. 857 Fort Pierce Harbor, Fla --... _..... 367 Fort Point Channel, Mass-........ ... ... ... 20, 21 Fort Randall Reservoir, S. Dak............ 834 ort Smith, Arkansas River, Ark-........... . . . 668 Fort Supply Reservoir, Okla-........ -- - - 676 Fort Worth floodway, Texas-..... . ... . 617 Fort Worth, Tex., engineering district- .-- - --.-.-.-.............. 603 6.. _____ ______........ Forty Fort, Pa --------------------------------.....------------------- 234 Fountain Bluff, Ill-. .--.. . . .. ..............-716 Fountain Que Bouille River, Colo-..-.b... 638 Fourche Island, Ark ------ _____ __ ........- 662 Fourche La Fave River, Ark ...........-... 666 Fox River, Ill. and Wis -................. 1061 L ocks and D ams ----------------------- --------------------------------------- 1063 Francois Bayou, La .. .... . . . . . . . . . . . ..-----------------------....... 517 Frankfort Flats, Me--------------- -------- 6 Frankfort Harbor, Mich__......... . .. . 1107 Frankfort, Ky...... 913, 944 Franklin to the Mermentau River, La...-.... _______.__. 471 Franklin Falls Reservoir, N. H .....-.....- - - 57, 58 Frazeyburg Reservoir, Ohio-............ 980 Freeport Creek, N. Y ________..... 96 Freeport H arbor, Tex ...-............................-... .... 584 Freeport on Pecatonica River, Ill............ _______. . . .. 756 Freeport, Pa .__---______.--___------____-..___ 985, 1024 Fremont Channel, Calif....--------------------------------------1364 French Broad and Little Pigeon Rivers, Tenn..... ____........________ ___...... 894 French Creek Reservoir, Pa _ ___..... ... 1025 Friendly, W. Va.......-.... ---------------------------- 978 Fullerton Dam, Calif ..-------------.......................------------------------------- 1288, 1291 Fullerton, Ky --------........ ..........------------------------------------------------ 978 Fulton, Ark .. ..............------------------------------- 672 1666 INDEX G Page Galax, Va .--.....................------------------------- - 978 Galena River, Ill.......----------------------------------------752, 756, 981 Galion Bayou, La............----------------------------------------------. 517 Galere Bayou, Miss ..........--------------------------------------------- 448 Gallipolis, Ohio ... GlioiOi---- _... . __________... . . ... ---------------------------------------------------------- 95497 954, 978 Galveston Bay and Harbor, Tex...... ---------------------------------.. 558, 565 Galveston, Tex., engineering district _... ... .... ... ________........ . 551 . Gardiner, M e ...... . ...... ........ . . . . . . . 8, 9 Garrison, N. Dak., engineering district .. __..__.. ...... ______-_--. .. 849 Garrison Reservoir, N. Dak.... ---------------------------------------.. 850 Garrows Bend, Mobile River, Ala-- ......... _____-__-._______.- --- 429 Garza-LittleGarza-Lit-e-Elm-Dm,-Te------------ E lm Dam , Tex......_____ ____. .. __._____ ---------------------- . .. 610 610 Gasconade River, Mo........... -------------------------------------- 820 Gastineau Channel, Alaska_....___.__......___.___.. __- . .. 1547 Gaston Reservoir, Va. and N. C ............- ---------------- 289 Gate Creek Dam, McKenzie Basin, Oreg ...............-------------------------. 1455, 1476 Gathright Reservoir and Falling Spring Reregulating Dam, James River Basin, Va--------...........------------------------------------------------293 Gauley River, W. Va ......... .---------------------------------. 956 ------------------ Gavins Point, S. Dak. and Nebr ................------------------....... . 837 Gaysville Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt .------ ___..._____.. __-______.__.____.. __..__..... 69, 83 Genegantslet Reservoir, Genegantslet Creek, N. Y .. __ _____-___... ---. ___..___... . 219, 232 - -. -- General Joe Wheeler, Tenn . __-___-..-_____._______- ---. 891 Generals Cut, Ga ........ ----------------------------------------------- 331 Genesee River, Pa. and N. Y-------------------------------------- 1219 Georges River, Maine ..-------------. 53 Georgetown Harbor, S. C ----------------------------------------- 317 Gest, Ky................------------------------------------ 913 Gila River, Ariz. and N. Mex.. --------------------------------- 1296, 1298 Gill Township levee unit, Indiana.-.-...............__-----.- 947 Gillett, Ark., N. Little Rock to-......------------------------------ 661 Gladstone Harbor, Mich..----------------------------------------- 1113 Glasgow, Mont .....--.......-------- - ----------------------- 865 Glen Cove Creek, N. Y.....------------------------------------------- 146 Glen Cove Harbor, N. Y .... ___.... _____ -------------- 146 Glenmore, Ky-...... ______________ 916 Gloucester Harbor, and Annisquam River, Mass . ... ______... 17 ._______._____-__. Goat Island Reservoir, Ga. and S. C..----------------------- --.. 341 Golconda, Ill - -.-.......---.----------.--- 944, 947 Goldsboro, Neuse River, N. C-......-. . . . . . 314 __....______. . . . . . . . . . . . ... Goose Creek, rek S.. C.------------------------------------------------------- . Gos 319 31 Gordon Landing, Lake Champlain, Vt............__.......__.._____.... 146 Goshen Creek, N. J....... ----------- 190 Gosport Harbor, N. H ..--....- 14 Governors Run, Md -.-.-.-.. 218 Gowanus Creek Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y ..................... .__ 105 Grand Bayou Pass, La........-... 495 Grand Caillou Bayou, La - 495 Grand Forks-East Grand Forks, Minn., and N. Dak................. .... 772 Grand Haven Harbor and River, Mich..-------------------- __________.. 1095 Grand Marais, Mich., improvement of harbor of refuge........... _... __.. 1048 Grand Marais Harbor, Minn............... 1031 Grand (Neosho) River Pasin, Kans ........ ---------------------.. 687,700 Grand Prairie region, Arkansas ... ...-- - - --..- - - - - ---..----- Grand River, Ohio----- --------------------------............ 1196 Grand River, Mich ._____...____..___.__ 1095 Grand Tower Drainage and Levee, Ill ... --------------------------------. 715 Grand Traverse Bay Harbor, Mich.___________________... 1045 Grand View Bay, N. Y .. _________.._________- ---------- 1227 Grandview, Ind ...............- ---------------- 944 Grande Ronde River and Valley, Oregon .. ____________.....1532, 1536 Grant Parish below olfax, La----------------------------------497, 519 Grapevine Reservoir, Tex- - - - - - --........................ 612 Grasse River (Massena), N. Y-- 1227 1--.-----............... Grays Harbor and River, Wash....:.............. 1452,1506 INDEX 1667 Page Grays Reef Passage, Mich ......... - 1113 Gret Bridge, Va----------............... ..... 285 Great Chazy River, N. Y ....................................... 146 Great Kills, Staten Island, N. Y......--------------------------..... 137 Great Lakes: Waterway to Hudson River ................... 119 Great M iam i River, Ind..................................... 946 Great Pee Dee River, S. C...............----------------------- 326 Great Salt Plains Reservoir, Okla ....-------... ... .............. 680 Great Salt Pond, Block Island, R. I .........---------------.---. _..... 53 Great Sodus Bay Harbor, N. Y .... .. . . . . 1221 Great South Bay, N. Y .... ... ....... . . . . .. . . . . 94 Green, Barren and Nolin Rivers and Bear Creek, Ky ............... 914 Green Bay Harbor, Wis. ...-................... ...... 1059 Green Bay levee to Drainage District No. 2, Iowa..... - -- - 756 Greencastle, Ky........ ... .... ... .... ....---------------------------------------916 Greenfield Bayou levee unit, Indiana ._________ ___._.__._____.__ ___.____ . __._ . 944 Green Island levee and Drainage District No. 1, Iowa............................ 756 Green Peter Dam, Oreg ..--______-__. --- 1466 Greenport Harbor, N. Y .......------------....- - - 146 Green River, Ky .... . . ... 946 G reen R iver, W ash ............... .............. .............. 1519 Greensboro, Ala ................................ 438 Greenup, Ky .... ....-------------------------- 978 Greenwich Bay, and Cove, R. I........ ... ... 53 Greenwich Harbor, Conn-...------------------.-. .- 53 Greers Ferry Reservoir, Ark ...... .. . --. -- 651 Gregory drainage district, Missouri .... .................... 756 G renada Reservoir, M iss ............... .......... ..... ....... ........... 1584 Greybull, Wyo ............. 864 Grosse Tete Bayou, La...........-------------------------. 495 Guadalupe River, Tex .........--------------------------- --.---.-.-- 558, 624 Guayanes Harbor, P. R....... . . . . . .. . . 401 Guemes Channel, Wash ...........------------ 1485 Guilford Harbor, Conn .. ................................. 53 Gulf Intracoastal Waterway between Apalachee Bay, Fla., and the Mexican border: Galveston District .....-------------------------- 557 Mobile District----- .------------------------- 413 New Orleans D istrict .. .................... ....... 458 Gulfport H arbor, M iss ..................... ........... .......... 444 Gull Lake Reservoir, Minn ........ ...-----------------------. 764 Guntersville, Tenn............ .. . .. .. . .... .......... 891 Guyandot River, W. Va ..........-------------..... .. . 956 Guyandot Reservoir, W . Va --.---------------------- ............ 980 Hackensack River, N. J ..... 133 Hadley Creek, Ill.......... _... . 753 Hager Slough, Special Drainage District, Ill ........-----------... . 1144 Hagermans Run, Pa............................. ...... 236 Haines Canyon, Los Angeles River Basin....... . . . . 1268 Hales Bar, Tenn ...... ..------------------------.. 891 Halfmoon Bay, Calif .. . . . ..-------------------------. 1325 Half Moon Shoal, Mass .......... ------------------------------.. 33 Hallowell, Me-.....-...------.. -------------......---------------- -- 9 Hamburg, Ill., boat harbor opposite............---------------........ . . 737 Hamburg, Iowa................ 845 Hammersley Inlet, Wash-... ...------------- . .. . . . . . . .___---- 1514 Hammond Bay Harbor, Mich .....-.-.-.. 1178 Hammondsport, Oswego River Basin, N. Y....... . . . . . . 1236 Hampton Creek, Va...................------------------------------ -....... 288 Hampton Roads, Va.: Improvement of approaches to Norfolk Harbor . ........................... 280 Removal of drift......... ............. ..............------------------------------------ 283 1668 INDEX Page Hanapepe River, T. H ................ ..... .....------------------------------------------ 1343 Hanging Rock, Ohio..................... .... .............--------------------------------- 978 Hanna Reef, Tex........................... ... ............--------------------------------------- 601 Hannibal, Mo., harbor ....-----.... ----------------..----.... ... ...... -------- 737 Hansen flood control basin.. --------...... ... ------------------------------- 1268 Hanson Lock and Canal, La---........ ... ------------------------------------ 471 Harbor Beach, Mich., harbor of refuge .___________........... ___..... 1178 Harbor Island Basin, Tex..----------...--------....... ...----------------------- 589 Harbor of Refuge, Aussable River, Mich------.... --..----... 1165 Harbor of Refuge, Delaware Bay, Del_.--..--...-.-....___ - 190 Harbor of Refuge, Nantucket, Mass ....... _...___.. 54 Harbor of Refuge, Seward, Alaska----... --------------------..--... 1545 Harbor of Refuge at Block Island, R. I_........ __-.-------__--._______._ .. 53 Harbor of Refuge at Point Judith, and Point Judith Pond, R. I. 54 Harlan County Reservoir, Nebr.....- 810, 861 Harlem, Mont..------------------------------------------------- 865 Harlem River, N. Y------..--------------------------------- 109 Harlingen, Tex ------------------------------------------ 560 Harpers Ferry, W. Va...........------------------------------------.... 266 Harraseeket River, Maine.......... -----------------------------------------.. 53 Harrisburg, Ill-.....---. .__--________- - ----- 944, 947 Harrison County, Miss______.... 448 Harrisonburg, La.________ 525 Harrisonville and Ivy Landing drainage and levee district No. 2, Illinois Harrisville Harbor, Mich.... ----------------------------------- --.. 721 1178 Harry L. Englebright (Upper Narrows) Reservoir, Calif... . . 1565 Hartford, Conn ....... ----------- ----------------------------- 70, 83 Hartford, W. Va ----------------------------------------------- 978 Hartwell Reservoir, Ga., and S. C ... ----------------------------------- 341 Harvey Lock, La....... --------------------------------------- 461 Hastings, Minn., harbor.. -------------------------------- 737 Hatchie River, Miss---------------------------------------- 548 Havre, Mont .....- -----------------------....-- 862 Hawesville, Ky......... -------------------------------------------.. 931, 944 Haysi Reservoir, Va. ..-.............---------------- 980 Hay, (West) Harbor, N. Y-.......-----------------.----. 53 Head of Passes, La...... __..._____ 474 Heart River, N. Dak----..------..-.-.-------.-.- - ---.. 853 Heather Island, Fla ................---------------------- 355 Heidelberg, Ky...------------------------------------ --- 913 Heise-Roberts area, Snake River, Idaho ........- 1532, 1533 Hellen Creek, Md ........... -----------------...- - -. 258 Hempstead County levee district No. 1, Arkansas.........--------------------.. 497,519 Hempstead Harbor, N. Y ----------------------------------------- 146 Henderson County Drainage District No. 3, Ill11----- - ------------ 756 .---- Henderson River, Ill - - - --..-........... 756 Henderson, W. Va......----------------------------------------------978 Hendricks Harbor, Maine .......------------------------------ 53 Hennepin, Ill ......... . . ....... . . .. . . . . .. 1148 Henry T. Rainey Dam (Lock and Dam 26), Ill........ ...... __._ .____._______ 735 Herreid, S. Dak ---------- 847 Herring Bay, Md .................. 218 Heyburn Reservoir and Channel Improvements, Okla __ ... __________..._______. 682 Htiggins and Coldwater Canyons, Ballona Creek Basin................ 1268 Higginsport, Ohio- - - ------... 944 High Bridge, Ky ........... ........ ... . 913 Highwood Creek, Mont-- --------... -- - -- --------------- 866 Hildebrand Lock and Dam, Monongahela Rivergginsport,------------------------ 994 Hillsboro Bay, Canal, River, and Inlet, Fla .-. ______ - -~...........___. 389 Hills Creek, Dam, Oreg.................. ..........-.. 1458 Hilo Harbor, T. H.- ... ....................-.....-.. 1340 Hingham Harbor and Bay, Mass---___--................ .-...- - 25 Hiwassee River, Tenn.... ...........------------------------------------------- 894 Hockingport, Ohio .................... ........ ... 978 Hocking River, Ohio ......... ... .. . ......... ..... ... 965 980 INDEX 1669 Page Hodges Village Reservoir, Mass ......---------- 65, 83 Hodgman Creek, N. Y......---------------------------------..--------.. 224 e se rv o ir, C ali f _..... .... . ..... .. H o g an RHogan--Reservoir,---Calif----------------------------------- -- -- -- --- 17 13 7 7 Holbrook Levee, Little Colorado River, Ariz-............................. 1298 Holland Harbor, Mich- --------------------------------- 1092 Holley Dam, Oreg.......----------------------------------------- 1455, 1476 Holmes River, Fla.....--------------------------------------------- 448 Holsten River, Tenn---------------------------------- 894 Holyoke and Springfield, Mass _------------------_........... . 70, 83 Homme Reservoir and Dam, N. Dak ..............----------------.. 771, 778 Homochitto River, Miss- 528, 539 Homosassa River, Fla ...__. .___._________._____ 401 Honey Creek levee unit, Indiana --------- - .--........----------------------------. ....... 944 Honey Hill Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H 69, 83 Honga River, Md--------------..-..------------.-------- - 205 Honolulu Harbor, Hawaii........---------------------------------------- 1334 Hood River, Oreg....----------------------------------------------1420 Hoosic River Basin, N. Y....------------------------------.... 148 Hoosick Falls, N. Y................ 148 Hopkinton-Everett Reservoir, N. H .........-------------------------------- 83 Hoquiam River, Wash-.....-- - - --------------------.-- 1514 Hords Creek Reservoir, Tex.........--------------------------.. 621 Horger, Tex ..._.-.. .. 604 Hornell, N. Y...............------------------------ 226 Horn Harbor, Va......... 288 Horseshoe Cove, Fla......- - - - 401 Horton and Dutch Creeks, The Sny Basin, Ill ...............- 753 Hoskins Creek, Va --.... .. ......... -------------------------------------------- 258 Hot Springs, Fall River Basin, S. Dak-........---------------------- 829 Housatonic River, Conn............................------------------------------------------- 53 Houston to Galveston Ship Channel, Tex....-------------------------- 572, 599 Howard Farms-Reno Beach Area, Ohio ....-..... __.... 1182 Howards Bay Channel---------...... .. ---------------------... ---- 1036 Howell Mill Shoals Dam, Ala ..... _____....______. . . 433, 435 Hubly Bridge, Sangamon River, Ill........ . ____. . . . 1.148 Hudson Harbor, Wis..... .. .. .. .. .. .. . 768 Hudson River, Fla ... _______..._._ 401 Hudson, Mohawk and Waterford Rivers, N. Y .__.________. .__________-_.. 153 Hudson River, N. Y.... ----------------------------------- 109, 111, 114, 115 Locks and Dams, N. Y...................................---------------------------------- 118, 121 Waterway to Great Lakes-enlargement of New York State Barge Canal ... 119 Hugo Reservoir, Kiamichi River, Okla-...... ___..____..... ._______ 701 Hulah Reservoir, Okla............------------------------------------686 Humbolt Bay, River, and Harbor, Calif 1303 .............------------------------------ Humboldt River, Nev........... 1400 Huntington Harbor, N. Y ......---------------------- 146 Huntington, W. Va.: Engineering district . -..- - - - - - - - - - - - 949 Flood control --- --- --------- 970, 978 Huron Harbor, Ohio . -.- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1187 Hurricane Ditch, Ark.. _________ ------------------------------------ 549 Hussey Sd., Me ................---- ------------- 10, 11 Hutchinson, Kans -.--...--------- 672 Hutchinson River (East Chester Creek), N. Y_ -..--------.--..... --------- 146 Hyannis Harbor, Mass.......--------------------------------------------53 Hydraulic Mining, regulation of... -----------------------....------------ 1561 Hylebos Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash............ 1502 I Ice Harbor at Marcus Hook, Pa ..-.....--.- - - 190 Ice Harbor at New Castle, Del -----------------------...-. ------ 190 Ice Harbor Dam, Snake River ------------------------------...--- 1528 Illuliuk Harbor, Alaska-.......................... - - - - 1547 Illinois and Mississippi Canal, Ill-............- - - 747 Locks ............... . ... .... 749 1670 INDEX Page Illinois River, Ill-----..--.....-------............... .......... ------------------- 729 Illinois Waterway, Illinois and Indiana ....................--------------------------- 709, 1130 Locks and Dams ..................................... ......... 1--------------------- 1134 Indiana Harbor, Ind., improvement-----..........----------------------------1125 Indianapolis, Indiana ...........-------------------------------------------- 947 Indian Creek, Ill.........-----------------------------------------------1149 Indian Ford Dam, Wis.......----------------------------------756 Indian Harbor, Maine- --------...................... 4 Indian River, Fla .... ... ....... ...----------------------------------------------- 379 Indian River Inlet and Bay, Del . ...............------------------------------------ 174 Indian River Inlet to Rehoboth Bay, Del., Waterway _..___-..........______ _..._ 190 Indian Rock Dam, Pa., flood control ................-------------------------------..-- 238 Indianola, Republican River, Nebr.. .______...._......... ............. 820 Industrial Canal, New Orleans, La.. .. ----------------------------- 429, 589 Industry, Pa .........----------------------.. 1024 Inland Waterway, from: Chincoteague Bay to Delaware Bay, Del- --.. . ____...--.. -. --..- . . . 190 Between Jefferson, Tex., and Shreveport, La-----.. --------------..........----- 495 Between Rehoboth Bay and Delaware Bay, Del _____.--.........._______..._____ 190 Delaware River to Chesapeake Bay.................__________ ---------------- 171 From Empire, La., to Gulf of Mexico_ -.......... _____..__.______ . ______ 482 Franklin to Mermentau River, La .............. ------------------------------ 471 Intracoastal Waterway to Bayou Dulac, La - ........ 495 Port Aransas-Corpus Christi, Tex__-...__. . -___---..-. .. ...... 589 Sabine-Neches, Tex..------------------------------------------ 551 White Lake to Pecan Island, La.... .....--------------------------------- 496 Inner Harbor Navigation Canal Lock, La ----....... __---____-__.......... 461 International Boundary Waters . .........------------------------------------ 1640 Interoceanic Canal surveys ....-- .............. .. 1635 Intracoastal Waterway: Between Apalachee Bay, Fla., and the Mexican Border.......---------...... 413, 458, 557 Between Norfolk, Va., and the St. Johns River, Fla-.... 284, 297, 315, 329, 347 Caloosahatchee River to Anclote River, Fla -..--------.. ___-__.....--- --- 384 Cross-Florida Barge Canal-- ---- -----------------............- 401 Gulf Intracoastal Waterway_- ........--.- .......-...... - 413, 458 Jacksonville to Miami, Fla ---------.... . ...---------------------------- 357 Miami to Key West, Fla....... ......-------------------------------------- 401 Mississippi River to Bayou Teche, La .. __-__-____- --............__ .. 469 New Jersey- .....-------.... ..........-.........-..... 187 Okeechobee Waterway..--------... ---.--..... ... .-------- 378 Port Townsend Bay and Oak Bay, Wash. ..-___-_______-- .. -------.... 1489 Between Pamlico Sound and Beaufort Harbor, N. C..----..- . __----...--..--.-.-... 313 Tombigbee-Tennessee Rivers Waterway .......... --------------------------- 448 Iola, Kans----.. ... ------------------------------------------------ 700 Iowa River, Minn. and Iowa... ... ...--------------------------------------- 752 Ipswich River, M ass .____. __. ______.____...... .. 53 Iron Canyon (Table Mountain) Dam Sacramento River __.....-..-...-.. '1371 Ironton, Ohio ..-------------..-... ----.... .. 978,981 Irvington Harbor, N. Y .....-----------...- - -. 146 Isabella Reservoir, Calif ---------------------------------------- 1397 Island Creek, Md ... ----------------------------------------- 218,258 Island levee unit, Indiana-----...------------------------------------ 944 Isle au Haut Thoroughfare, Maine_- --__.......__ --...... -.-.--.-.-.----- ........... .. ...-- _ _....... 53 Isles of Shoals Harbor, Maine and N. H------------------------... 14 Ithaca, Oswego River Basin, N. Y.-.. . . . . . . . . 1236 Ivy L anding, Ill . . . . . . . ..-.. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. 719 J Jackson Creek, Va.... --. . . ... 258 Jackson Hole, Wyo--------------------------------------------- 1540 Jackson, Ky 92------------------------ Jackson Lock and Dam, Ala....-.. ..----------------------- 439 Jackson, Miss., Pearl River at.....------------------------9.-. 452 Jacksonville, Fla.: Engineering district ...-.---.--... ---------------------- 347 Harbor- .... 349----------------------- INDEX 1671 Page Jacksonville to Miami Intracoastal Waterway .......-------------------------- 357 Jamaica Bay, N. Y... . . --------- ..-------------...----- 101 James River, Va ------------------------------------------- 272 James River Basin, Va-----.......................... .....-------------------------------------- 293 Jamestown Reservoir, N. Dak---- ............. ....... ..---------------------------------- 853 Janesville, and Indian Ford Dams, Wis----......... -----------------------. 756 Jasper, Tex ---------------------------------------------- 604 Jefferson-Shreveport Waterway, La. and Tex ........ ---------------------------. 495 Jeffersonville-Clarksville, Ind-...---........--....------------------ 926, 944 Jemez Canyon Dam and Reservoir, N. Mex....... --------- -- 635 Jenks, Okla ----------------------------------------------- 700 Jennings Beach, Conn---..... ....----------------------------------- 53 Jessamine Creek Reservoir, Ky ------------------------------------- 946 Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam, Ga . -------------------------------- 419, 424 Joanna Reservoir, Mo ......... ------------------------------. 729 John Day Dam, Oreg. and Wash ..----------------------------------- 1452 John Day River Area Clatsop County, Oreg ........ 1475 John Drainage Dist., Oreg ......... ---------------------------------------- 1473 John H. Kerr Reservoir, Va. and N. C.........-----------------..- 290 John Martin Reservoir, Arkansas River, Colo...........----------------........ 630 Johns Creek, Ky ... ............. .... .....----------------- 971 Johnsonburg, Pa ......... .... . . ------------------- . . . 1003, 1024 Johnson Creek, Oreg..------------------------------------ - 1476 Johnsons Bayou, La ------------------------------------------ --- 601 Johnsons River, Conn.... ------------------------------------ 53 Johnstown, Pa .. ......- -----....------------..... 1008, 1024 Jones Bluff Lock and Dam, Ala........ ---------------------------. 433 Jones Inlet, N. Y ........------------------------------------------------ 96 Jordan River, Miss ..-........ -------------- .....-. . 448 Jordan River, Utah ... --------------------------------- 1400 Josias River, Maine----------------........... 53 Juneau Harbor, Alaska........... 1547 K Kahului Harbor, T. H.-. -...... .... . . -1337 Kalamazoo River, Mich .............. .. 1091 K anawha River, W . V a.. .................................. 952 Locks and D am s.................................... ....-------- 954 Flood control reservoirs .................................. ........ 980 Kanopolis Reservoir, Missouri River, Kans ......... ---....... .... 812 Kansas City, Mo., engineering district ---.. -------- ..... 793 Kansas Cities, Mo. and Kans......--.-.......... .... 802 K ansas River, K ans...-........................................ 816 Kapalama Basin, T. H ---... 1334 Karlson Island, Clatsop County, Oreg -...-............. - -. - 1475 Kaskaskia Island, Ill .-..... .. -----. ............. --- ----- ---- --- - .. . 7 2 9 , 7 3 0 Kaskaskia River, Ill -..... ------ -------- -- -- - -- -- -- - -- -- - 7 0 9 , 7 2 9 Kaunakakai Harbor, T. H....-.-...... . . 1336 Kaw, Okla ........-. . . . . . . . . . . . - 700 Kawaihae Harbor, Hawaii -. 1338 Kawainui Swamp, Island of Oahu, T. H........ -- -. - 1344 Kaweah River, Calif -. .. .. .. .. . -- - - ----- . 1400 Kawkawlin River, Mich .......... - - - - 1183 Keehi Lagoon, T. H........... . - - 1332 Keene, N . H ..-... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . -- 85 Kegotauk Bay, Va -........ --------------------------------------------------. 14 2214 Keithsburg, Ill -..-.--...- -- -. - - 756 Kelly Lake, Ill -.... ... 1148 Kendrick, Idaho .- - - - - - -- ---. 1532 Kennebec River, Maine..- ......... . . Kennebunk River, Me -..-..-. -.... -------- ----- ---- --- -- --- -- -- ---- 12 , 13 Kennebunkport, Me..-..-.--......... --------- ------- .--------------------------------. 1 144 Kennewick, Wash ....-. . . . . . 1408 Kenosha Harbor, Wis ---....------- .. 1085 1672 INDEX Page Kent Island Narrows, Md ... ...........---------------------------------------- 201 Kentucky River, Ky.............-----------------------------------------... 911,946 Locks and Dams-----------------------------------------..---'913 Kentucky Lock and Dam, Gilville, Ky ......................... _____. . 891 Kern River, Calif..---------------------------------------------- 1397 Kerton Valley, Ill .... ....---------------------------------------------- 1142 Harbor, Alaska ..._____..____. KetchikanKetchikan---Harbor,--Alaska-----------------------------------------14 ........ 1547 Kewaunee Harbor, Wis-......-------------------------------------... 1070 Keweenaw Waterway, Mich Keyport Harbor, N. J Keystone Lock and Dam, La _________ ---------------- -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------- 146 485 1042 KeystoneKeystone Okla...___....____.__ ..... Reservoir, Okla------------------------------------------------68 . . 681 Key West, Fla., improvement of harbor ... ___...............__________.. 401 Key West, Fla., Intracoastal Waterway from Miami- __.__--.-____-_______-.-___ -- ____ 401 ---. Kiamichi River, Okla ..-------------------------------------------- 701 King Bluff, N. C ..----------------------------------------------- 308 Kings Brook, N. Y ------------------ 997 Kings Creek, Va.....----------------------------------------------- 288 Kingsley Creek, Fla ...--------------------------------------------- 348 Kings River, Calif... --------------------------------------------- 1394 Kingston Harbor, Mass. (North Plymouth Harbor)....--____-----___.......____ 53 Kingston, Pa....... .....- - - - - - - - 240 Kiser Creek, Ill__..... . .__.____-.-.- . 753 Kissimmee River, Fla ________. ___________--------------- 401 Kittanning, Pa .______________..... KtannP-- . .. --------------------------------------------------------------- 1024 985, 102 985, Knappa area, Clatsop County, Oreg .-----------. --------------------- 1475 Knapps Narrows, Md ....... -------------------------------------------- 218 Knife River and Harbor, Minn. and N. Dak- ----__ __ --- ------------ _______-._. 1050 Knightsville Reservoir, Mass.... -------------------------------------.. 69, 78 Knobbs Creek, Va..---------------------------------------------- 288 Knobel, Ark----------------------------------------- 668 Kodiak Harbor, Alaska..------------------------------------------ 1547 Kootenai River, Idaho and Mont......................------------------- -- -- .1514, 1524 Kootenay Lake Board of control.... ----------------------------------- 1645 ....----------------------------------------.... Kuhio Bay, T. H................----- 1340 Kuttawa Lock and Dam, Ky-..... . . . . . . . .. . 881 L Lacey, Langellier, West Matanzas, and Kerton Valley, Ill________. _________.__. 1142 Lackawaxen R. Pa ............---------------------------------------------- 192 Lackawanna River, Pa __.......- - -----------------------. . 240, 241 Lac La Belle Harbor, Mich....... --------------------------------------- 1050 B ay ou , L a .__.._._......... La c om b e Lacombe--Bayou,--La---------------------------------------------495 ..... .. ... ....4 95 Lac qui Parle Reservoir, Minn...------------------------------------- 785 Lafayette River, Va........-----------------------.... ---------------------- 288 Lafourche Bayou, La -.................- -.. 483 La Grange Bayou, Fla......------------------------------------------- 448 Laguna Madre Bay, La. and Tex ----------------------------------- 560 Lake Ashtabula and Baldhill Dam, N. Dak .... ----------------------- . 771, 780 Lake Betsie, Mich-------.......------------------------------1108 Lake Bisteneau, La.....--------------------------------------------- 495 Lake Borgne, La-....----------.---------.-................ . 495 Lake Brownwood Reservoir, Tex- ...... ___________- 625 ...... 6........ Lake Calumet, Ill------- ~_.. ------------------------ -- 1140 Lake Champlain, N. Y. and Vt------------------------------------. 1239 Lake Champlain Board of Control ......... . ................... ..---------------------------------- 1641 Lake Charles Deep Water Channel, La.....-----------.----------------- 491,496 Lake Chautauqua, N. Y....-----------------------------------------1025 Lake City, Minn., harbor ----------...--------------- - -.------------------..------------- 737 Lake Crescent, Fla----------..------------------------------------ 401 Lake Crockett, Wash--------................................... .............-----------------------------------. 1488 Lake Drummond Canal .....------------------- ---------..................------------------------------------------ 285 Lake Greeson, Ark........2.-.--.- ----... 533 - ............. Lake Griffin, Fla.. --- ..... --......... . . . . . . .. 354 Lake Hamilton, Ark- .. - - --- - ---.--...--... 530 INDEX 1673 Page Lake Harbor, Fla ................... .......... ...----------------------------------------------- 404 Lake Harney, Fla------.. ...----------------------------- ----................... 401 Lake Macatawa, Mich-----...........---------------------------------- 1093 Lake Michigan Ship Canal, Wis.... ---------------------------------.. 1066 Lake Montauk Harbor, N. Y.........--------------------------------------- 90 Lake Ogleton, Md -------...------------------------...------------. 218 Lake Okeechobee, Fla.... __.. _____........-378 . . .. . . . .. , 402 Lake of the Woods Minn .......... ............... Lake----of--the-------------------------------- ------- 7123 761, 1239 International Control Board 1644 Lake Pontchartrain, La ---------..------------------------------ 458 Lake River, Wash...........------------------------- 1452 Lake Series Reports ..............------------- 1555 Lakes, Great. See Great Lakes. Lake Superior Board of Control_................. 1643 Lake Survey, U. S............------------------------------------- 1239 Lake Texoma, Red River, Tex. and Okla................____... 696 Lake Traverse, Minn. and S. Dak-...... ------------------------- 770, 782 Lake Traverse and Bois de Sioux River, S. Dak........... 771 Lake Washington, Miss............................-----------------------------------.. 528 Lake Washington Ship Canal, Wash., improvement _.______. _______________ . 1497 Lake Winnebago, Wis .......... ------------------------ 1062 Lake Winnepesaukee, N. H .. ---------------------------------------- 53 Lake Loutre Bayou, La------ ------------------------------------ 495 La M arsh, Ill-..........------------------------ 1146 Lam oille River, Vt ....-.............................- 153 Lamprey River, N. H-.... 53 Lancaster, Cayuga Creek, N. Y.......__..____________... . .. 1228 Langellier, Ill...........------------------------1142 L'Anguille River, Ark-... . . . . . 545, 548 Lansing, Iowa, harbor ..... .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . 737 Larchmont Harbor, N. Y........-. 146 La Trappe River, M d-----.--------------------- ........... 218 Latrobe, Pa- .........-... .----------------...-. 1025 Lavaca Bay, Tex., improvement of channel from Pass Cavallo to Port Lavaca. 587 Lavon Reservoir, Tex ...........---------------------------------------- 609 Lawrence, Kans., Kansas River at_..........._____.____............ 821 Lawrence, Mass ............------------------------ 57, 83 Lawrenceburg, Ind.... -------------------------------------. 944, 947 Lawrenceburg, Ky ---------------------------------------------- 913 Lawrence Cove, Me.... ----------------------------------------.. 6 Leaf River, Miss..... .. -------------------------------------------.. 448 L'eau Bleu Bayou, La------------------------------------------- 517 Leavenworth, Ind --.....----------------------............ . 944 Le Carpe Bayou, La...........-------------------------------- 495 Le Claire Lock (Cana), Iowa... -------------------------------------- 734 Leech Lake Reservoir, Minn ____-......---............... . 764 Leech River, Minn ........ . . . . . . .. . 770 Leesville, Ohio, Reservoir-----.....------------------------------------ 960 Leesville Reservoir, Va..---------------....-------- 289 Leetsdale, Pa ...... 1025 Lehigh River, Pa ...--------------------------- 190,191 Leipsic River, Del ...---------- 190 Leland Harbor, Mich..------------------------------------------- 1109 Lemon Bay, Fla...------------------------------------------ 385 Lemon Creek, Staten Island, N. Y-....... ------------------------...... 146 Leon River, Tex ......-------------------------... 620 Letart Falls, Ohio---------------------------------------------- 978 Letart, W. Va BK.K.naei..d.......... 978 Levees between Shelby Bridge and Baum's Bridge, Kankakee River, Ind ........ 1148 Levees between New Athens and Carlyle, Ill_ _......................___ . . 729 Levee unit 1, Little Wabash River, Ill_____.......__.... .____..._ 945 Levee unit 2, Little Wabash River, Ind.-....-.-.....-.. ....... 945 Levee unit 1, Eel River, Ind......................-------------------------- -- 944 Levee unit 2, Eel River, Ind_...__.................... 945 Levee unit 3, East Fork of White River, Ind .... - ___.... .. . .........-..... --.. . .___ ...- - 947 Levee unit No. 1, Wabash River, Ill-.....----__ _~.................. --. 947 1674 INDEX Page Levee unit No. 2, Wabash River, Ind........... ............-------------------------------- 947 Levee units 3 and 4, Wabash River, Ill. and Ind...... .... .....................-------- 947 Levee unit 5, Wabash River, Ind ------------- --- -------------.... - 947 Levee unit 6, Wabash River, Ill .........------------------------------------ 945 Levee unit 7, White River, Ind.....------------------------------------- 945 Levee unit 1, White River, Ind ....------------------------------------- 945 Levee unit 2, White River, Ind.....------------------------------------- 945 Levee unit 8, White River, Ind...------------------------------------- 947 Levee unit 9, White River, Ind...------------------------------------- 947 Levee unit 10, White River, Ind.................. ............................------------------------------------ 947 Levee unit 17, Wabash River, Ind ........................ ..........----------------------------------- 945 Levering Creek, Md--------------------------------------------- 211 Levisa Fork, W. Va --........-----.-... ------------- 956 Lewis and Clark River area, Clatsop County, Oreg .--------------------------------------- 1475 Lewisport, Ky., flood control .----------- ------..---------------- 945 Lewis River, Wash_____ ................ _______ Lewis--River,--Wash------------------------------------------1452147 1452, 1473 Lewiston-Clarkston Levees --------------------------------------- 1540 Liberty (Bedloe) Island, New York Harbor, N. Y..-------------------------------.-- 125 Libby Dam, Mont ...--------------------------------------------- 1514 Licking River, Ky ------------------------------------------- 919,946 Lieutenant Run, Va--------------------------------------------- 275 Lisle, N. Y.........----------------------------- 221 Little Bay (Aransas Bay at Fulton), Tex-------------------------------- 601 Little Caillou Bayou, La .-------------------------------- 495 Little Choptank River to Choptank River, Md., waterway- -. __________-.- --- _____ __ _-- 218 Little Cypress River, Tex---------- ------ ----- -------------------- 517 Little Egg Harbor, N. J------- -------..........-............. 190 Little Elk River, Md..... ......................-------------------------------------------- 218 Little Elm Reservoir, Tex. See Garza-Little Elm reservoirs----------------- ----------------- 610 Little Harbor, N. H .. ... ..----------- -------.-...-...-....... 53 Little Harbor, Woods Hole, Mass ---.------.-------...........--------- ------------------ 53 Little Hickman, Ky ........ .....................--------------------------------------------- 913 Littlejohn Creek, Calif .......... ............. ......----------------------------------------- 1377 Little Juaniata River, Pa ...... ......................... 240 ......------------------------------------ Little Kanawha River, W. Va ... ..--... ....... 956 ...........--------------------... Flood control reservoirs ..... ...........................--------------------------------------- 980 Little Lake Harbor, Mich..... ...... .............------------------------------............... 1050 Little Machipongo River, Va.. ...... ...........................-------------------------------------- 288 Little Manatee River, Fla....... ... ..... 401 ...........--------------------------------------- Little Miami River, Ohio, flood control reservoirs-----.....................------------------ 946 Little Missouri River, Ark..................---------------------------------- 528, 530, 532 Little Missouri River, Mont. and N. Dak ..................----------------------------- 853 Little Narragansett Bay, R. I-----.......................--------------------------------- 39 Little Pee Dee River, S. C ...........................---------------------------------------- 326 Little Pigeon Bayou, La..-- --------------------------- --------------- 495 Little Pigeon River, Tenn ----------------------------------------- 894 Little River, Ark. and La.. ........------------------------------------.............. 528, 699 Little River, Del ...........................----------------------------------------------- 190 Little River, Va........................---------------------------------------------- -- 288 Little Rock, Ark.: Engineering district ------------------------------------------ 643 Arkansas River------------------ --------------------------------------------- 668 Little Silver Creek, N. J-...-----..------ ----------------------- 141 Little Sioux River, Iowa ------------------------------------------ 845 Little Sodus Bay, N. Y ------------------------------------------ 1227 Little Tallahatchie River, Miss ....----------- ---... --------------- 528 -------................... Little Tennessee River, Tenn.------.. .. . .. 894 ... ...............................-------------------------------- Little Valley Wash., Utah.....---------------------------------------- 1400 Little Wicomico River, Va .-------------------------------------- 249 Little Willow and Wakefield Creeks, Minn... .....................................------- 784 Little Wood River, Idaho .........---------....-------------- .......---......--.----...................-----------. 1532 Liverpool drainage and levee district ............................................--------------------------------... 1148 Livingston Manor, N. Y., Vol. 2---------... -------------------------------------- 193 Livingstone Channel, Detroit River, Mich ... ___.. ... .......... ............ .... 1161 Lobdell Canal, Del ..--------------------------------- 168 Lobster Cove, Annisquam River, Mass------ ... ... -----...-..... .................. 17 INDEX 1675 Pag Lock and Dam No. 1, Tennessee River, Florence, Ala................ 891 Lockport, Ky ...............................--------------------------------------------------- 913 Locklies Creek, Va ...........................---------------------------------------------------- 258 Lockwoods Folly River, N. C .........................-------------------------------------- 313 Logan Reservoir, Ohio .. . .... .. ............. ..... 980 Logansport, Ind --. .... .......... --------------- 947 Loggy Bayou, La ..... ..------------------------------------------.. 495 London, W. Va ........--------------------------------------------------- 954 Lone Rock Reservoir, Ark . . ------------ ..---------------------- 651 Long Beach, Mass.. . . . . . . 27 ..----------------------------- Long Beach Harbor, Calif ..- . 1254 Long Creek, N. Y ..................----------------- -- 96 Long Island intercoastal waterway, New York ...-------------- 92 Long Island Sound, N. Y-....- - 48 Long Tom R iver, Oreg ... . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . .. . - 1464 Lookout Bight, N. C--------------------------------------------- 313 Lookout Point Reservoir, Oreg.............. _. .- . . . ...---------- 1459 Loosahatchie River, Tenn.... --------------------------------- 548 Lopez Canyon Diversion, Calif ---------- --.- - - - - -- - - - - - - 1268 Lopez Flood Control Basin, Calif -....... 1268 Lo rain H arb o r, O h io-... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 9 Los Angeles, Calif.: Engineering district -... - - - - - - - - - - -- ---- 1249 Flood control on river ---- --------------------- 1266 Improvement of harbor-...---- 1254 Los Angeles County drainage area, California ............. 1266 Lost C reek, Ill -_--------------------------------- 1148 Louisville and Portland Canal, Kentucky 869 Louisville, K y..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 927 Engineering district. - - - - . . . 911 Local protection..- 945 Lowell Creek, Alaska ....------------- 1549 Lowell, Mass 57, 83 Lower Cedar Point, Md.....- --- --- 258 Lower Columbia River Basin, Oreg., Bank Protection Works.................... 1472 Lower M achodoc Creek, Va............ - - - ............... ...... 258 Lower Monumental Dam, Snake River-.....- 1528 L o we r M ud L ake , La ... . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . 4 88 Lower Rio Grande Valley, Tex. 602 Lower San Francisco Bay, Calif-..... 1341 Lower San Joaquin River, Calif-........- - 1383 Lower Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md...- 218 Lower Walla Walla River, Wash-..... 1532 Lower Willam ette River, Oreg .......-------------------------- 1427 Loyalhanna Reservoir, Pa ....--- - - 1012 Lubec Channel, Maine-..------------------------------ 53 Lucky Peak Reservoir, Idaho-........ . . . . . . 1535 Ludington Harbor, Mich...............-------------------- 1102 Ludlow, Ky 945 Ludlow Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt.................... 69, 83 Lugert R eservoir, Okla ..------------------------- ----- 701 Lum ber River, N. C., and S. C -..--------------------- ------------ 326 Lussenhop levee, Illinois ..................... --- -- -- - 1148 Lutsen Harbor, M inn .. -------- --- - --- - -- -- - --- - - 1050 Lycoming Creek, Pa ..- --.. 236 Lyford levee, Indiana --....-.-.- -- 947 Lynche River, S. C -.. 326 Lynn Harbor, Mass .-..-... 53 Lytle Creek, Calif-..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1288, 1294, 1298 M MacArthur Lock, St. Marys River, Mich..-.. -- --- .- 1153 M acataw a Lake, M ich . . .... . .........---------.. 1093 M achias R iver, M aine..... ....................... . -- . -53 M ackay Creek, N . C ..................... 313 1676 INDEX Page Mackinac Harbor, Mich., improvement ...... ................. . 1178 Mackinac Island, Mich., to Round Island, Mich., channel improvement .---....... 1178 Mackinac Straits, Mich., improvement of Poe Reef Shoal....-.............. 1178 Macon Bayou, Ark. and La............. ___- - - 528 Macon, Ga-................-------------------- 344 Madison, Ind., flood control............. 945 Mad R., Conn_ 82 Magna, Little Valley Wash., Utah ................ 1400 Magruder drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg ........................-... . 1473, 1475 Mahoning Creek Reservoir, Pa ..-.-....... 1004, 1005 Mahoning River, Ohio .....-.....-.--.....-.. . ..- 996 Main Ship Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y.-....... . . . 53 Maintenance, Operation and Capital Outlay, Washington Aqueduct_ .... _____ 252 Malaga Island, Me., N. H ...........- -15 M alden R iver, M ass ....-....... ........................ .............. ..-..... . . 53 Malheur improvement district, Idaho ........ ____ . . . 1540 Malheur River, Oreg ...---- -- . 1532 Mamaroneck Harbor, N. Y ______..- .-.... ____ 146 Manasquan-Bayhead Canal, N. J... __..-.. ___._____ 187 Manasquan Inlet and River, N. J --- --.... . 185, 186 4... Manatee River, Fla .....-.---...- 401 M anchac Bayou, La ________. _____.__________ 495 Manchester Harbor, Mass .-______-.______._... . 53 Manchester, Ohio _-------------.----- 978 M andan, N . D ak----- -------------- ------------------ 853 Manhasset Bay, N. Y.______________.. 146 __.____.__... Manistee Harbor and River, Mich_..... ___.__.--.. .... 1104 Manistique Harbor, Mich ..... . . . . ..... - . ..-- 1053 _......-. Manitowoc Harbor, Wis ...... . ... . 1074 Mannford Reservoir, Okla... -- - 644 Manokin River, Md. --... 218 Mansfield Hollow Reservoir, Conn . . ._________________.......... -.-. 65, 66 Mansfield Reservoir, Ind -....-. --..-.....-- 946 Manteo (Shallowbag) Bay, N. C __________.... . 303 Mantua Creek, N. J...... . .___.. . . .. . . . 163,177 Maple River, N. Dak .......... 772 Mapleshade, Ohio ........ 978 Marblehead Harbor, Mass ____.____..___. ____ . .. 53 Marcus HIook, Pa .-... -. 163 Mare Island Strait, Calif . 1314, 1315 Marietta, Ohio -..-... __ ___.___ 978 Marion Reservoir, Kans..... 700 Mariposa Dam, Calif - ---------........ 1388 M arkham Ferry Reservoir, Okla ............... ......... . - 696,700 M arm arth, N. D ak-------- --------------- ------- ------- 853 Marmet, W. Va ..-............ 954 Marquette Bay Harbor, Mich., improvement of harbor. See Presque Isle Harbor. Marquette Harbor, Mich_____.____________ 1047 Marshall, Minn.....--- 790 M arshall C reek, Calif .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..- ---------- 1268 Marsh Creek, Idaho______________.____________1532, 1534 M a rsh field, O re g . . . . . . . . . . . . . .-... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 4 8 Marsh Lake Reservoir, Minn., flood control ._.............. __.. Marsh River, Minn...-- - - - - - -- - - - - - 772 Marshland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg - . _______.__. ______.. __ 1475 M arshyhope Creek, M d .-... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 M arthas Vineyard, M ass ................. ............- - - - - - - - - - 31 M artins Ferry, Ohio ___. . ____._______.__..... . . .. 1025 M arys R iver, O reg . - .-.... ................................. 1472 M ason and M enard, Ill ... __. ____.. .. -. __.. . . . . . 1148 Masonboro Inlet, N. C .-------------- ------------ -- 299, 313 Mason J. Niblack levee unit, Indiana - . .. _____..__..__. 945 Mason, W. Va....... 978 Massena Board of Control, operations of International ... ......... 1643 INDEX 1677 Page ..- M assillon, Ohio ...-- -- - - - ------------- --- -956, 978 Matagorda Bay, Tex ..... - --------------------------------------------.. 558 Matanzas Bay, Fla..--------._ - - 362 Matawan Creek, N. J...----------------------------------. 146 Mathews Canyon Reservoir, Nev.....- - -- -- -- 1297 Matinicus, Maine-----------------.-...........-- 53 Mattapoisett Harbor, Mass .__.______. ___~_ ... 53 Mattaponi River, Va..----------------------------------. 288 M attituck Harbor, N. Y.................................. 89 Mauckport, Ind_..... ____._____________ 945 Maumee Bay and River, Ind., Ohio.........- 1175, 1178 Maurice River, N. J _.______________________________ 190 M ayaguez H arbor, P. R.......................... --........ 401 Mayfield Creek, Ky ..... 548 Maysville, Ky ....... ---.--. 975, 978 McCook, Nebr., near Republican River . 821 McCraney, Hadley, Kaiser, Six Mile, and Bay Creeks, Pike County, Ill -.......... 753 McGee Bend Dam, Texas -...- - - - - - 604,605 McGee Creek, Ill ...--..- -. ... 730 M cGinnis levee unit, Indiana-...................................... . - 945 McHenry Valley Creek, N. Y.......... . .. - 227 M cKees Rock, Pa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -.......1025 McKenzie River, Oreg. ... . . . . . . ..---------------------1472 McLean Bottom levee district No. 3, Arkansas River, Ark-............ 668 M cLeod Lake, C alif.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1364 McNary Lock and Dam, Oreg-...... 1529 M edom ak River, M aine ...--- __-- ..------------- _ ....- _ 53 Meherrin River, N. C......... 313 Melbourne Harbor, Fla ---....--------.. 401 Melones Reservoir (New), Calif_ 1383 M elrose Reservoir, Va......... .. . . . . ... ..... . ....... __ 289 Memphis Harbor, Tenn " 543 Memphis, Tenn.: Engineering district-..... . . .. . 543, 545 M enem sha Creek, M arthas Vineyard, M ass... ............... .................................. 53 Menominee Harbor and River, Mich. and Wis ..................... 1055, 1081 M eramec Res., M o-...... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . 729 Merced County stream group, California ...........-... 1388 Meredosia Lake and Willow Creek, Ill --............- -729,1... 730 Mermentau River, La. . . . . . . . . . 488, 513 Merrimack River, Mass ............. .. ... 16, 54, 56 Metlakatla Harbor, Alaska ...... -..... 1547 M etam ora Reservoir, Ind ------------------------------------- ....... ....... ..- 946 Metropolis, Ill ....... 945 M eyers C hu ck H arb or, A la sk a--------------------------------------------- .------------ ........................... 1547 Miami Harbor and River, Fla.: Improvement of harbor....................... 373 Miami to Key West, Fla., Intracoastal Waterway .... ---------.. 401 M ianus River, Conn ..------ ----------------..... ... 54 Michigan City Harbor, Ind ..... ..... __-. 1128 M iddleport, O hio ...... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-.... 978 Middle River, and connecting channels, Calif ........ 1369 Middle River, Md ....-..-.... ...--- 218 Middlesboro, Ky ... . . . . ... 895, 907 M iddleton Shoals Reservoir, Ga. and S. C ..--.-............................. 341 Midland drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg 1473, 1475 Milan, Ill - -- .. 751 Miles City, Mont __________. _____ _. -.. 865 M ilford H arbor, Conn ........................... 46 M ilford H aven, Va ... . -- -- - -- -- - -- - -- -- - -- - ------ ---.- 258 M ilford Reservoir- - - ------------------------------------------- ------- 798 Milk River, Mont ___ __________________-_. 862, 865 Mill Creek and South Slough, Illinois .............- - 751 M ill C reek, Ind --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Mill Creek Levees, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif .......--- 1294, 1298 1678 INDEX Page Mill Creek, Md ..... 218 Mill Creek, N. C ..... 304 Mill Creek, Va .... 258 Mill Creek, Wash .- ______1532, 1538 Mill Creek, W est Fork, Ohio ..................................... .....924, 946 Miller, Ohio ..... _ 978 Miller Pond, Drainage District, Ill_ 713 Millers R., Mass .. . . . . . . . . . .. . 75 Millersburg Reservoir, Ohio..... 980 M illers Ferry Lock and Dam, Ala .................. .................................. 433 Millers Run, Pa .. . . . ...... ...... 236 Mill Four drainage district, Yaquina River, Oreg _ 1476 Millicoma River, Oreg ...... . . . . 1452 Mill River, Conn .................................... 54 Millwood Reservoir, in Red River Basin, Ark..____...........____.. 699 M illwood, W . Va ............. ...................... 978 Milton-Freewater, \ alla Walla River, Oreg 1537 Milton, Ky ..............- - 945 M ilton, M ass ..- -...... .. .. 23 Milwaukee, V is : Engineering district .-.. -- 1053 Improvement of harbor..- - 1080 Mingo Creek, S. C.... 326 M ingo Junction, Ohio...... ................. .... . . . . . . .. . 1025 Minum Creek, S. C --....................... -... .. 316 Mining City Reservoir, Ky .......... . 946 M innesota River, M inn ....... . ................. .. ................. ........ 7, 7 785 Miscellaneous civil works ...- -..... 1639 Mispillion River, Del ... -- - 190 Mission Bay,Calif .... . .. ........ . 1263 Mississippi River: 756 At Canton, M o ..............- Baton Rouge to Gulf of Mexico, La Between Ohio and Missouri Rivers___.._... - --- -- ---.. ....... _.______.__.._____ _____._______ . 473 706 Brainerd and Grand Rapids, Minn __ 770 M issouri River to M inneapolis ... . _______________._______. .. _. _ .... 709, 733 Locks and dam s... ............... 734 Near Aitkin, Minn............... 784 Reservoirs at headwaters . -........................... 764 Mississippi River Commission: Report of the President .................... -- ......... . 1575 Flood control on lower Mississippi River: Alluvial valley flood protection and mapping_______ _1585, 1588 Arkabutla Dam and Reservoir, Miss ._______________________.. . 1584 Arkansas River levees --..-.. 1598 Atchafalaya floodway, Louisiana_ 1590,1601 Atchafalaya River and Basin, improvements .......... . 1580 Bank protection, works .......... ... _.... - 1605 Bayous Rapides, Boeuf and Cocodrie, La ....... 1585, 1581 Boeuf and Tensas Basins, La. and Ark_ 1582 Bonnet Carre spillway, I ouisiana _____-.___ 1593 Cairo to Baton Rouge, navigation channel __.. .. 1585 Channel, improvements ........ ..... . 1619 Enid Dam and Reservoir, Miss . . .. 1584 Existing Project ....... 1578 Grenada Dam and Reservoir, Miss .. .... __ . . ..1584 Lake Pontchartrain, La __________ 1593 1....585, Le ve e s ... .. .. ... .. ..------...... --.... -.- -.-..... .. ... .. .. ...... . .. . . ... _ 1612 Mississippi River Improvements ............ 1579 Mississippi River Tributary and outlet improvements_ 1580 Morganza floodway, Louisiana .. ____________ .__._ 1585, 1592 Organization .----------------------------- . . 1576 Previous Projects -.....-.. __- --........... 1577 Sardis Dam and Reservoir, Miss... 1584 St. Francis R iver Basin.. ........... .-..... ......... ... ____ .. 1584 M emphis Harbor Project-..................... ... __ 1.585, 1604 INDEX 1679 Page Mississippi River Commission :-Continued Surveys, gages and observations .......................... 1588 Tributary Dams and Reservoirs ............................ -- --- 1584 Wappapello Dam and Reservoir, Mo ........ .-.- ---. - - 1584 Yalobusha River, Miss ........... 1584 Y azoo R iver B asin .................................. --------- 1584, 1594 Mississippi and Leech Rivers, Minn ..................... 770 Mississippi Sound, Ala. and Miss ... 442 Missouri River: Agricultural levees Kenslers Bend, Nebr., to Sioux City -.. 839 .................---........ K ansas City D istrict - -................... ....... 797 Omaha District -.. ------ 8;31 Garrison D istrict --.................... . .... 849 Fort Peck D istrict .............. ................... .............. 861 ....... A t Fort Peck, M ont ....................-- ................ 857 Kansas City to mouth -....-.. 793 Kansas City to Sioux City ._---------- .--------- ---- -- _ 825 Sioux City to m outh .......-- . . .. . . . . ......... -- ~.-....--- --- -- - ...79 9 , 8 4 Sioux City, Iowa to Fort Benton, M ont ............................... 829 M obile, Ala., engineering district ..-.................... 413 Mobile Bay, Harbor, and River, Ala ....... -.--.-.. . . . -----414 , 4 27 M ohawk R eservoir, O hio --............................... 960 Mohawk, Hudson and Waterford Rivers, N. Y .......................... 153 Mohicanville Reservoir, Ohio ........ 960 M ojave River, Calif -.... . . ....... . - 1298 - --- M okelumme River, Calif .............. .... .. . . . . . . . . 1369 M olalla River, Oreg .................................. 1472 Monarch, Wyo ...... ---.. 865 Monett, Mo --------......... 7C0 Monongahela River, W. Va. and Pa .......... 989 L ocks and D am s._ ................................. 992 Flood control reservoirs .................. ........... 1025 Monroe Bay and Creek, Va ... -...----------------- 258, 266 Monroe Harbor, Mich -.... . . . . .. . 1178 M onroe, La.....-- .... . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . -------- 525, 529, 538 M onterey Bay and Harbor, Calif ...... .---------......... . . 1328 M on tezuma, G a........................................... 453 M ontour Falls, Oswego River Basin, N. Y .....................-.-........... 1233 Montville Creek, N. Y -.....-.. .. - 1236 M oorefield, W . Va .....-- ..... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. 266 Moore Haven Lock, Fla ....... .. . 379 Moores Ferry Reservoir, Va -... 980 Mooringsport Reservoir, La ............... -. __.-.--------. . 497 , 519 M oosabec Bar, M aine . . ...... . - -.. .... . . . . 54 M oose R iver, Vt-.............. ................... ........ ... 71 M orehead City Harbor, N. C -..-..--....................... . . 306 ... . ... M organ C ity, L a ....-.. .. .. .. .. .... ...------............... .... 495 Morgantown Lock and Dam, W. Va -....... ... . . . ... 992 Mormon Channel, Calif ...... . . . .. . -- --- 1364, 1368 Morrilton West of, Arkansas, flood control .................. 668 Morrison, Colo -....-. . . . . . .... 845 Morristown Harbor, N. Y.................... . --- 1227 Morro Bay, Calif.- - - .. ..... . . 1249 Moscow, Ohio ..... ......... .. 945 M osquito Creek Reservoir, Ohio ....... ... . ................ .......... 1019 M oss Bluff Lock and Dam, Ila ........................ .. 355 M oss Landing, Calif ...- - .. .... ................ 1326 M oundville, Ala-...... ----------------- 438 Mounds and Mound City, Ohio River Basin, 111......................... 546 M oundsville, W . V a - --.. ....-................ ............. 1025 Mountain Brook Reservoir, Merrimack River Basin, N. H ...... -.................... . 5 7 ,83 Mount Clemens, Clinton River, Mich ................. 1182 Mount Holly, Rancocas Creek, N. J.. . 192 Mount Hope Bay, Mass ...... ..... ... 34 Mount Morris Reservoir, Genesee River, N. Y ............ 1231 1680 INDEX Page M ount Vernon, Va............................... .................. 258 M outh of Sangamon River, Ill ....................... ........ 1144 Mouth of Trinity River, Tex ... -. . . .................. 601 Mud Lake area, Idaho ......... . . ... 1532 Mud Mountain Dam, W ash .. . . . . . . ....................... 1521 Mulberry Creek, Va....-....... ... 258 M ultnomah Channel, Oreg :__ _____------------------------ . 1452 Multnomah drainage district No. 1, Multnomah County, Oreg ._1473, 1475 M uncie, Ind .....-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- ----------- 947 Murderkill River, Del........-----------.. .. 173 Murfreesboro Reservoir, Ark -.................. --------529, 535 Muscatine, Iowa, harbor -.-.-.. . . . . 737 Muskegon Harbor, Mich --... . . . . . . . . 1097 Muskingum River, Ohio -...............................--- 949 Locks and dams----- ...------- -- --- 951 Flood control reservoirs .............................. --........ _958, 960, 980 M ustang Creek, La ............................ 517 M ustinka River, M inn ...-...............................-. 772 Myrtle Beach, S. C ... ___ --- 316 Mystic River, Conn ..... . .. . . . . . . 54 Mystic River, Mass 54 Nameoki Drainage and Levee Dist., Ill..- - 725 Nandua Creek, Va-...----------------.- - - - 288 Nansemond River, Va................................. 288 Nantasket Roads, Mass-. . . . .. . 20, 21 Nanticoke, Pa ..-..- -- -- 240 Nanticoke River (including Northwest Fork), Del. and Md 218 Nantucket Harbor, Mass.: Harbor of refuge-... 54 Nantucket Sound, Pollock Rip Shoals, Mass .-... 31 Napa River, Calif-.-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1314, 1345 Naples, Fla., to Big Marco Pass., Fla.: Channel improvement ....... .... .... ....-- 401 Narragansett Bay, R. I . 36 Narraguagus River, Maine -... -- -......... 54 Narrows Channel, M ass-.................... .-...-.- .-- 20 Narrows of Lake Champlain, N. Y. and Vt -..-.-. ..--...... 122 Narrows Reservoir, Ark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .--- -.. 533 Naselle River, Wash ..................... ... ---------------------------- 1511 Nashua, Merrimack River Basin, N. H-....-----------------------.---..---- 57, 83 Nashville, Tenn., engineering district.....- - 879 Natalbany River, La.. 4......---------------------- 517 Natchaug River, Conn ...-... ---------------------.. 66 Natchitoches Parish, La...---------------------------. 497, 507 Natrona, Pa ... -------------------------------- -- 985 Navidad River, Tex.---------------------------------------------587 Nawiliwili Harbor, T. H ..- --- --- --- --.---------- 1329 Neabsco Creek, Va..... ------------------- 258 Neah Bay, Wash-...- - - - 1487 Neale Sound, Md--------------------------------------------- 258 Near Dardanelle, Arkansas River, Ark ..-------------------------------------.. 668 Near Springfield on Sangamon River, Ill..------------------ - 1148 .........----------------------------- Neches River, Tex......................------------------------------------------551,604 Neenah Channel, Fox River, Wis.......---------------------------------- 1062 Nehalem Bay and River, Oreg --------.........------------------ 1439 Nehalem, Oreg ....-------------------------------------------------- 1476 Neodesha Reservoir, Kans....---..........-----------------------------------696, 700 Neosho (Grand) River Basin, Kans . .....---------------------------------- 687 Neponset River, Mass.---------...........-----------------------------------... 23 Neuse River, N. C.. .................---------------------------------------------- 313 Neversink River, Pa -------------------------------------------- 190 Neville Island, Pa........ -------------------------------------------- 1025 New Albany, Ind..... 930, 945 ....---------------------------- INDEX 1681 Page New Amsterdam, Ind ......... .......... 945 Newark Bay, N. J .................... .... ....... . 133 Newark, Ohio ....................--------------------------------------------- 62,978 New Bedford and Fairhaven Harbor, Mass ............................... 33,54 Newbegun Creek, N. C... 313 N ew B oston, O hio............................................ ............. 973 New Buffalo Harbor, Mich ............. . 1140 Newburyport Harbor, Mass .......... . ......................... 15 New Cumberland, W. Va... ... . ..--------------......................... . . 1025 New Don Pedro Reservoir, Calif-..........------------------------ 1384 New England Division.................--------------- 3 New England-New York Inter-Agency Committee ......... 1236 New Harbor, Maine................----------------- 54 New Harmony Bridge, Ind 93------------------.------ 38,945 New H armony, Ind. .............-------------- -- ------........... .......... 945 New Haven Conn., breakwater ..........----............. 54 New Haven Harbor, Conn ...... . . . . .. . 54 New Haven, Mo........------------------------------- 822 New Jersey and New York Channels, improvement ............... 129 New Jersey Intracoastal Waterway ............................. 187 New Kensington, Pa-........--------------------------- 1025 New London Harbor, Conn .......-------------...... .. 41 New M artinsville, W . V a - -.................... ............ ........... 978 New Matamoras, Ohio . . ...- -.. 978 New Melones Reservoir, Calif ....... ... . 1383 New Orleans, La.: Engineering district ..... 455 Improvement of Intracoastal Waterway to Apalachee Bay, Fla.................. 414 Harbor ..---......------------------------------------- 477 Newport, Ark ...-------... 668 Newport Bay Harbor, Calif ......... ..--------------.--. 1257 Newport Harbor, R. I.....- -- 54 Newport, Ky............ 919 Newport News Creek, Va ......--...... . 288 Newport News, Va., improvement of channel to ..... 277 Newport, Ky-... .--.. . . . . . . . . . . 945 Newport, Oreg ......... ......... ......... ..... ... 1443 Newport, Ohio . .. .. . . ..--..... 978 New Richmond, Ohio ... 945 New River, Fla ..... 401 New River, La ..... . 517 New River, N. C ....... )9, 314 29...----------------...29 New River, Va. and W. Va ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . 956 New Rochelle Harbor, N. Y ......-----------... .. . . . . . 146 Newry-Old Pickens Reservoir, S. C . . . . . -.... . -. . . . 341 New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam .................------------------- 338 Newton Creek, N. Y ...........................----------------------------------------- 241 Newtown Creek, N. Y....... . . . . . . 146 New York and New Jersey Channels .......... .. .. .. .. 129 New York Bay and Harbor, N. Y ............ ...... 111 Barge Canal ... ... .....................--------------------------------------- . . --- 119 Drift, collection and removal-----....... ------------------------... 128 Entrance Channels and Anchorage Areas ............ .... .. 125 Supervision- ._.... .. . . . . . . . . . . ...............-- . .------------------------- 143 New York engineering district----- .......--------------------- 87 New York (Southern) Flood Control Project ...-......- 219 Nezpique Bayou, La...... ......----------------- -- . --. 488 Niagara Falls, supervision of power ......-........ 1217 Remedial works.................------------------ Niagara River, N. Y .................. ... .... ....------------------ --........... 1216 Niagara Special International Board ..............--------------...... 1642 Nicaraguan Canal survey ......----------.-. . . . . . . 1635 Nicholasville, Ky...............------------------. 913 Nimrod Reservoir, Ark .... 666 Niobrara, Nebr ..... . . . . . . . . 845 1682 INDEX Page Nishnabotna River, Iowa.............------------------------ 845 Nixes Mate Shoal, Mass ............... ---------------------------------------- 20, 21 Nolin Reservoir, Ky.......-....-...----------------------------946 Nolin River, Ky---.... --........-.....---------------------- 914 Nome Harbor, Alaska.............. ------------------------------------------- 1543 Nomini Bay and Creek, Va.......... -------------------------------------- 258 Nonconnah Creek, Tenn ............ ------------------------------------------ 545 Nooksack River Basin, Wash ..----------------- - - 1481 Norfolk Harbor, Va.: General improvement, including main channel of Elizabeth River and portions of southern, eastern and western branches .___... .. . ______. 278 Norfolk, Va., engineering district...________________.........._____ 269 Norfolk, Va., to Beaufort Inlet ... --------------------------- 285, 299 Norfolk, Va., to the sounds of N. C., waterway..-................. --- 313 Norfolk Reservoir, Ark ............................... 651, 656 Normal, Ky----....-----..-. ..-------------------- 978 North Adams, Hoosic River Basin, Mass-- -.... _________________. ._____ .. 146 North Alexander Drainage and Levee District, Ill 111..-............... _ 711 Northhampton, Mass----...................--------------------------70, 83 North Andover, Merrimack River Basin, Mass-.._______._________________-___....57, 83 North Canadian River, Okla .... ------------------------- 676, 700 North Canal, Tex. See Buffalo Bayou, Tex 599 North Concho River, Tex- - - --- 622 North Cove, Old Saybrook, Conn...... 44 N ortheast H arbor, M aine- . .....--------------.- -------------------................................. 4 Northeast River, Md..-------------------------------------------- 218 Northeast River, N. C..----.._ ---------------- ----- 311, 313 N orth Fork of R ed River... .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. . .. 701 North Fork of American River, Calif ..-..-.. ....-- . 1349 North Hartland Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt..................................- 69, 83 North Landing River, Va...----------------------------------- 284 North Little Rock, Ark-........ ----------------------------.. 668 North Little Rock to Gillett, Ark. (below Plum Bayou)------------------- .......--- 661 N orthport, Ala. ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438 Northport Harbor, N. Y------....--------------------------.- - 146 North Portland Harbor, Oreg .-... . . . . . 1452 North River, Ga....----------------------------------------------- 340 North Springfield Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt..-.-.. 69, 83 Norwalk, Conn ......--- . 83 Norwalk Harbor, Conn.. . . . . . . . 49 Norwich, Conn ----------------------------------- 65, 83 Noxubee River, Ala. and Miss .--------------------------------- 448 Noyo River and Harbor, Calif ...... --------------------------..- 1305 NubnuitBrokN.H--------------- N ubanusit B rook, N . H ..._____._____. .. -------------------------- ._______.. . . 559 Nubble channel, Mass..... ----------------------------.. 20, 21 0 Oahe Reservoir, S. Dak. and N. Dak . -------.... ------------------------- 832 Oak Bay to Port Townsend Bay, Wash., waterway improvement-................ 1489 Oak Creek, Md., channel to Plain Dealing Creek ......... . . . .___ 218 Oakford, Ill ...... .....----------------------------------- 1148 Oakland Harbor, Calif..........--....- -. -------------------- 1320 Oak Orchard Harbor, N. Y .1227 .__.__________._______.____ ...._ Obey River, Tenn ..........------------------.... 894,901 Obion River, Tenn- - -------------------- 545....-..----- 545,548 Occohannock Creek, Va. ..--- -----------------..------ ---- 288 Occoquan Creek, Va ..---------------------------------- - 258 Ocean City Harbor and Inlet, Mdv...---------------------------- 5- 215 Ocklockonee River, Ga. and Fla -.... ----..---------------- 416, 448 Ocmulgee River, Ga ... ----------------------------------------- 340,344 Oconee River, Ga ......------------------------------------- --------- 340 Oconto Harbor, Wis ...... ------------------------------.-- 1057 Ogdensburg Harbor, N. Y.--------------------------------- 1225 Ogleton L ake, M d... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218 INDEX 1683 Page Ohio River: Flood control in basin: Huntington district-- ------ --........------------------- 977 Louisville district ---..............-------... .... ....-------------------... 943 Nashville district ......... .....................---------------------------------------- 906 Pittsburgh district-----......... .......................---------------------------------- 1023 Improvements: Locks and dams, construction ..................... 869, 871, 872 ..------------------------... Open channel work .--------------------------------------- 875 Okeechobee-Everglades area ---------.---.----- ...-------------------- 402 Okeechobee Waterway, Fla ............------------... --------..--------------------....... 378 Oklahoma City, floodway, North Canadian River, Okla __.-- -____.............. ______ 679 Oklawaha River, Fla-----. --.............---------------------- 354 Olcott Harbor, N. Y- ----.- ..--..-- --------------------- ..... 1227 Old Hickory Dam and Reservoir, Tenn _--.............................. _____- _-_____________ 883 Oldmans Creek, N. J ......--------------------------------------------... 190 Old Pass Lagoon, Fla ----------------------- .----......-..- 427 Old River, Calif .------------.. .......----------------------------- 1360 Old River, La..........------------------------------------------------- 456 Old River, Ohio... ....---------------------------- 1193 Old River Channel, Everett Harbor, Wash ------------------- .....---------..... ......... 1491 Old Town Creek, Miss ..-- -------........ --------------------- 448 Olean on Allegheny River, N. Y...--------------------------------.. 997, 1025 Olentangy River, Ohio.._____ _________----------------------------- 974 Olympia Harbor, Wash.........------------------------------------------ 1504 Omaha, Nebr.: Engineering district-----.........------------------------------------- 825 Missouri River Basin......-----------------------------------------... 844 Ompompanoosuc River, Vt 71 ........-------------------------------- Onancock River, Va....--........--------------------------------------------- 288 Onondago Creek, N. Y.. .........------------------------------- 1235 Onset Bay, Mass-.........-- --- ------...-... ..----------------------- 29 Ontonagon Harbor, Mich ..... ---------------------------------------- ............. 1041 Oologah Reservoir, Okla .. ..............------------------------------ 685 Oostanaula and Coosawatte Rivers, Ga.... ... ------------------------------- . .. ....... ... .. 448 Operation Snowbound: Omaha District-----........ .......------------------------------...--- 845 Optima Reservoir, Okla ----...............---------------------- 700 Orange County, Calif . .....................------------------------------ 1287 Orange River, Fla....--.....................------------------------.. 401 Orange, Tex....- -------------------------------------------------- 553 Oregon Inlet, N. C....--------------------- ---------------.................... 304 Oregon slough, Oregon ....---------------------------------- 1420, 1428, 1452 Orleans, Ind....------------------------------------------------- 947 Orowoc Creek, N. Y ..............................--------------------------------------------- 146 Ortona Lock, Fla..----------------------------------------------- 379 Orwell Reservoir (Otter Tail River), Minn ------ ....... .................... 772 Osage River, Kans. and Mo .......-----...................---------------------------------- 820 Osceola Reservoir, Mo.....------------...................-----------------...... 820 Osoyoos Lake Board of Control.........................------------------------------------ 1646 Oswego Canal, N. Y.............................--------------------------------------------- 120 Oswego Harbor and River, N. Y.........................................--------------------------- 1222, 1233, 1236 Otego Creek, N. Y ..... -- ---------------------------------------------- 220 Otselic River, N. Y------...... ...........----------------------... 221 Ott Bayou, Miss....----... ...... ... ..............----------------------------- 443 Otter Creek, Vt......... ...... .. ...........-------------- 146 ..----------------------------- Otter Tail River, Minn ... ...... .. 772 ...............----------------------------- Ouachita River and river system, Arkansas and Louisiana---------..... . -----..... 523, 529 Locks and dams ..----- 525 .-------------------------- Ouleout Creek, N. Y ..... ...............----------------------------- 220 Overflow Creek, Ark. and La..... 529 ...............----------------------------- Overton-Red River Waterway, La ... ...............----------------------------- 495 Owensboro, Ky............. -------------------------------------------.... 945 Owens Dam and Reservoir, Calif .......................... ......... 1389 Owls Head Harbor, Maine -- ----------....... ... ....... ......... 54 1684 INDEX Page O xford, N. Y .-.. ..................... .. ... .... ..... .... ..... .... ..... .... .... 221 Oyster Channel, Va .__.................. 288 Oyster Creek Channel, N. J.............. . . . . . . 183 Ozan Creek, Ark....----------------------------------------------- 533 Ozark Dam and Reservoir, Ark ............. . . .---------- 6.... 645 Ozona Channel, Fla...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 401 P Pacoima Wash Channel, Los Angeles, Calif .................. __........._ 1268 Paducah, Ky.....----------------------------------------940, 945 Pagan River, Va.............. --------------------------------------- 288 Paint Creek Reservoir, Ohio ------------- 980 Painted Post, N. Y .............. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 224 Painted Rock Reservoir, Ariz...__....... 1296 Pajaro River, Calif ....-.--.-----.--..... 1345 Palatka, Fla ........... - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 401 Palm Beach, Fla.: Beach Erosion Control--------------------------- 401 Harbor --------------------------------------------------- 401 Channel.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 Palouse River, Idaho, Wash., Oreg .............................---- 1532 Pamlico and Tar Rivers, N. C ---...--..-------- 313 Pamlico Sound, N. C.: Improvement of waterway to Avon, N. C. ... . ________... ___________ 305 Improvement of waterway to Beaufort Harbor _.........-... _ 313 Improvement of waterway to Rodanthe, N. C_ _____-_......... ____.. 313 Pamunkey River, Va ..........---------------...- - 288 Panama City Harbor, Fla ---........--------- 448 Pantego Creek, N. C ............................... . - -- 313 Panther Creek Levee, PaterCek Ill .....___ . . . . . . eeel------------------------------------------------------14 .. . . . . . __._____.. 1148 Parish Creek, M d-......... 218 . --- ..................................... Park River, N. Dak -- 7..............-------------- 771,778 Parkersburg, W. Va--..-......... 964,978 Pascagoula Harbor and River, Miss....--------------------------------- Pasquotank River, N. C., waterway from Norfolk to The St. Johns River Passaic River, N. J........--------------------------------------------- -.. . 284, 314 448 133 Passamaquoddy tidal power project, Maine ....-.-... 54 Pass Cavallo, Tex-.....----- ---------------..... 558, 561 Pass Christian Harbor, Miss ....................-.-.------- 448 Patapsco River, Md -__-- __ - -- -- 195 Patchogue River, Conn .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Patriot, Ind --------------------------------------------------- 945 Patuxent River, Md ........--------------------------------------------- 258 Pawcatuck River, R. I., and Conn-.--------------------------------- 39 Paw Paw River, Mich... -------------------------------- 1087 Pawtucket, Blackstone River Basin, R. I _______..____.____. -. _________.._ . 83 Pawtucket (Seekonk) River, R. I. ....... ................... 38, 39, 63 Payette River and Valley, Idaho_. -______---- 1532 Peace River, Fla --- .............--- -- 387 Pea Patch Island Dike, Delaware River, Pa..--........ . . . ... 163 Pearl River, Miss. and La_____.________ _______ 445,448,452 Locks...--------.------.. . . . . . .. ...... 446 Pecan Bayou, Tex ---....------- - --------------- 621,625 Peconic River, N. Y ............................. ....----------------------- 146 Peekskill H arbor, N. Y---- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- - - -- -- -- - 146 Pekin and La Marsh drainage and levee district, Illinois - 1146 Pembina River Reservoir, N. Dak . _... . ...--.- . . . .771, 788 Pembroke Creek, N. C -...- 313 Pemigewasset R., N. H-...........--------------. - 58 Pendleton Umatilla River, Oreg .. .. 1540 Pend Oreille River and Lake, Idaho ..... ----------------------------- 1516 Peninsula drainage district Nos. 1 and 2, Multnomah County, Oreg-.........-...1473, 1475 Pennington, Ala. --.... 438 Pennington Bayou, Ark . . .....-...-.. ... . 662 INDEX 1685 Page Penny Slough, Rock River, Ill--..--.. ....-.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 756 Penobscot River, Maine--- . ._______..... - 5 Pensacola Bay and Harbor, Fla ... . . . . . . . . 414, 448 A.. Pensacola Reservoir, Okla . . .. . . . .. ....... . . .. . . . .. . . . 689 Pensaukee Harbor, W is....... .. . .. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .. . 1113 Pentwater Harbor, Mich ... 1100 Pepperells---Cove,-Maine-------------------------------------------5 Pepperells Cove, M aine_ _....__.._______._____________. ... ... 54 Permanent International Association of the Congress of Navigation .---------------- 1631 Perquimans River, N. C...------------------------------------------313 Perry County Drainage and Levee Districts Nos. 1, 2 and 3, Mo _______-...---------- 717 Perry Reservoir, Kans...------------------------------------------- 798 Perth Amboy Anchorage, N. J..------------------------------------- 131 Peru Indiana ---------------------------------------------- 947 Petaluma Creek, Calif...------------------------------------------- 1312 Petersburg Harbor, Alaska.... --------------------------------------- 1547 Peterson, Ala............---------------------------------------- 438 se B ay ou , L a. _____..... ____.___ . _. . P etit A nPetit---Anse--Bayou,---La----------------------------------------------495 ... . 495 Petoskey Harbor, Mich ------------------------------------------ 1113 Phelps Creek, N. Y--------------------------------------------- 222 Philadelphia, Pa., engineering district .______-_____________________. 157 Philpott Reservoir, Va.. ... ------------------------------------------- 292 Phoebus, Va., improvement of channel to Hampton Roads.... _____.--_.--_------------ 288 Pickwick Landing, Tenn-..... - - - - - --------------- 891 Piedm ont Reservoir, Piedmont Reservoir, Ohio_ Ohio-------------------------------------------6 ____________._ __._.. _.._....... .... . .. . 960 Pierre Bayou, La -------------------------------------------- 497,506 Pigeon Creek, Ill. and Ind 753 ..----------------------------- Pigeon Point Reef, Oreg....----------------------------------------- 1448 Pilot Rock, Birch Creek, Oreg ..-------------------------------------.. 1540 Pine Bluff, Ark...____________________. PnBlfAk-- --------------------------------------------------------- _--52,- 529,536 3 Pine Canyon Reservoir, Nev -------------------------------------- 1297 Pine Flat Reservoir, Calif ...... ---------------------------------------- 1394 Pine River Reservoir, Minn....--------------------------------------- 764 Pine River, St. Clair City, Mich ----------------------------------- 1178 Pineville, Ky...--------------------------------------------------896 Pineville, Red River, La..... ...................................-------------------------------------- - 497,519 Pinole Shoal, Calif ....--------------------------------------------- 1316 Pioneer Reservoir, Arikaree River, Colo. and Kans ..........---------------------- 820 Pithlachascotee River, Fla..---------------------------------------- 401 Pittsburgh Harbor, Pa...... ------------------------------------------- 996 Pittsburgh, Pa., engineering district --------------------------------- 983 P ittsb urg h , P a . ..... .. __....... Pittsburgh,---------------------Pa---------------------------------------------------1025 .. . . . 10 25 Plain Dealing Creek, Md., channel to Oak Creek ---_____----______-.-. 218 Plaquemine Brule, Bayou, La ....-------------------------------------- 496 Plaquemine Lock, La..... __-__-___- . . ___--____- . .. - -- -- 462 Platoro Reservoir, Conejos River, Colo __________.. 639 .................... Platte River, Colo., Nebr. and Wyo .__.........______._______. ____ .. ____ .. .____. .. _____-_____-.. 845 Plattsburg Harbor, N. Y.......... ----------------------------------------- 146 Pleasant Hill Reservoir, Ohio..... -------------------------------------- 960 ... Pleasant River, Maine ....... ----------------------------- 54 Pleasanton, Tex . . . ..---------------------------------.------ 626 Plentywood, Mont----- ----------------------------------------- 867 Plum Bayou, Ark ..----------------------------------------------- 661 Plum Island, Mass ........................... -.... ----------------------------------------------- . 16 Plunkett Dam, Hoosic River, M ass., Vol. 2 __-......................__________ .. 151 Plymouth Dam, Schuylkill R., Pa., Vol. 2-........................ - _____ .. ___ .. 165 Plymouth Harbor, Mass....------------------------------------------ 26 Plymouth, Pa-..... ------ ----.------------------------------------------------- 240 Poca Reservoir, W. Va ....------------------------------------------- 980 Pocomoke River, Md ...... .........--------------------------------------------... 208 Poe Lock, St. Mary's River, Mich..........---------------------------------- 1153 Poes Run, Va., Vol. 2.....-------------------------------------------- 275 Point Judith, and Point Judith Pond, R. I., harbor of refuge-__- --- ______.___ -1___ 18 54 Point Lookout Harbor, Mich . 1178 Point Pleasant, W. Va........................ ............. 978, 981 Pokegama Reservoir, Minn._-....... ........... .............. 764 1686 INDEX Page Polecat Creek, Okla-...--. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682 Pollock Rip Shoals, Nantucket Sound, Mass...-.-.-.-.-......... 31 Poison Bay, Flathead Lake, Mont.... 1514 Pomeroy, Ohio............. . ... .......- 978 Pomme de Terre Reservoir, Mo .... -... ... ... ... ... ..- 819 Pompton River, Passaic River Watershed, N. J---------------------------------- 155 Ponce Harbor, P. R ....... 401 Ponchatoula Creek and River, La-.. .................. 517 Pontchartrain Lake, La ....- - 458 Pontiac diversion, Pawtuxet River Basin, R. I......- 83 Popasquash Neck, R. I ...----------------------------- 37 Poplar Bluff, Mo .........--------------------------------------- 668 Poquonock River, Conn . .-. . . . . . ..- . 53 P orpoise C ove, M e --...-----..................----- -- 12 Portage Lake harbor of refuge, Mich - . - --. - - - - 1106 Port Alexander, Alaska . - -..- - - - - - -- - - 1547 Port Allen Harbor, T. H ..... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ..- . 1331 Port Angeles H arbor, Wash .................................. - 1514 Port Aransas-Corpus Christi Waterway . --------------- ....... 589 Port Arthur Canal, Tex -..------------------- 552 Port Austin Harbor, Mich -.....- 11.69 Port Bay, N. Y ----- 1227 Port Boca Grande, Fla ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388 P ort B olivar, T ex- --- - - -- - - -- - -- - - -- - - -- - -- - - -- - - -- - - 570 Port Chester Harbor, N. Y -.-.- - - 146 Port Clinton Harbor, Ohio-...------------------------------- 1178 Port Everglades Harbor, Fla .....- 369 Port Gamble Harbor, W ash., improvement - ................... .. .. . .. .. . 1514 Port Henry Harbor, N. Y ...--- 146 Port Inglis, Fla --.--....- 396 Port Isabel Channel, Texas..------ 595 Port Jefferson H arbor, N. Y .. ............. .............- . 87 Portland Harbor, Maine...- - -- - 10 Portland, Ohio-------------------------------------------------------978 Portland, Oreg., engineering district ------------------------------------- 1407 Portland, Oreg ..- . .... . ...------------- 1429, 1455 Port Lavaca, Tex., channel from Pass Cavallo ..---------------------- .... 587 Port Mansfield, Tex .-............... 559 Portneuf River and Marsh Creek, Idaho........................ 1532, 1534 Port Ontario Harbor, N. Y -....- - 1227 --..----------- Port Orchard Bay, Wash -..-- - - - - - -- 1514 Port Richmond Anchorage, Pennsylvania -..... 162, 163 Port Royal Sound, S. C ---- . 329 Port St. Joe Harbor, Fla...... . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . 448 Port Sanilac Harbor, Mich ....... . . . .--------. 1170 Port Series Reports . ..... ..- - ---- 1554 Portsm outh Harbor, N. H-............................... 54 Portsmouth Harbor, Va., channel to Nansemond Ordnance Depot --------------------- 288 Portsmouth, New Boston, Ohio -..... 956, 973, 978 1489 Portville on Allegheny River, N. Y.-- Port Washington Harbor, Wis-......- - - -- 996, 1025 1078 - Port W ing Harbor, W is .----------- ---.-.--.... - 1037 Posten Bayou, La. and Ark .......-..---- - - - -- .-- . . . . . 517 Poteau River, Okla --- 694 Potomac River: Improvement at Alexandria, Va --.-......- 258 Improvement at Lower Cedar Point, Md 258 Improvement at Mount Vernon, Va --.............. 258 Improvement at Washington, D. C ...... .. 243 Improvement below Washington, D. C........... ........ ------------ 258 W aterchestnut elim ination ............... .. ... ......................--------. 248 Potowomut River, R. I..... . . . . . 54 Powhatan Point, Ohio .. . . . ........... . . . ----... . .. ..... 978 Prado Dam, Calif ........... 1288, 1290 Prairie du Chien, Wis., harbors . ... .. .. .. .. .....--. .. . ............ 737 INDEX 1687 Page Prairie du Pont drainage and levee district 723 Prairie du Rocher and vicinity, Illinois ..--------------------------.... . 718 Prairie Portage Board of Control......... ........... ........------------------ ...--------------- . 1645 Prattville, Autauga Creek, Ala ................. . .......... . - 452 Prescott area, Columbia County, Oreg ....................-------............ 1476 President Roads, Mass------................----------------------------------- 20, 21 Presque Isle Harbor, Marquette, Mich.......... .....------------------------------------ 1046 Presque Isle Peninsula, Erie, Pa .....-................... _... .....------------. __.-- 1204 Preston drainage and levee district, Illinois . -......-.-.......... 714 Prestonville, Ky -...-...........------------------- 945 Price Landing, Mo ...............------------------ 730 Priest Rapids Dam, Wash____. __-____...-... 1523 Princess Point Cut-off Channel--------------------------------- 1043 Proctor, Otter Creek, Vt.............. 153 Proctor, W. Va -....- - --. ---.. -. 978 Proctorville, Ohio . 978 Prompton Reservoir, Lackawaxen River, Pa........ ... .. . 192 Providence Harbor and River, R. I .............. __... - _... 36 Provincetown Harbor, Mass ....-.. ------------------------- 31, 54 Pudding River, Oreg ...-..... . . . ..... - 1455, 1476 Pueblo, Colo ........ - - - -- - - -.. 629 Puget Island area, Wahkiakum Diking districts Nos. 1 and 3----...---....... .--------- 1473 Puget Sound and its tributary waters, Wash., improvement of ....- ___-...-.........._ 1481 Pullman, Wash------------------------------------------------------1540 Putneyville Harbor, N. Y -.--.--.---- 1227 Pungo River, N. C.......... ---------------------------------------------------.. 299 Punxsutawney, Pa ---------------------------------------------- 1004,1025 Purdy Creek, N. Y--------------------------------------------------- 226 Purgatoire River, Colo ------------------------------------------------- 638 Put-in-Bay Harbor, Ohio ..- ___ ---------------- __ ____----- 1178 Puyallup River, Wash., improvement of Tacoma Harbor_ ....---...-... .__.._.. 1520 Q --- Queenstown Harbor, Md ..........---------------....... .... 218 Queque de Tortue Bayou, La.....-------------------------------------------496 Quillayute River, Wash ....- __-____ ____--__- -- ___.__.--... -.... .. 1495 Quinby Creek, Va..------------------..--...........-------------------------------288 Quincy, Ill --------..... ................. ... .. ............. -------------------------------------------------- 752 Quindaro Bend, Missouri River -...._____-......_____....----........ 794 Quinnipiac River, Conn .----------------------------------- 54 R Raccoon Creek, N. J........----------------------------------------- 190 Raccoon (Little) Creek, Ind ------------------------------------ 946 _._._ C re ek , Pa .. .. . .__. R ac co on Raccoon-Creek,-Pa-------------------------------------------1028--_- . . . __. . . . . . .. 10 2 8 Raccoon levee unit, Indiana......____ -------------------------------- 945 Rachel, W. Va .............--------------------... 1030 Racine Harbor, Wis ......--------------.- 1083 Racine, Ohio ....----------------------------- 978 Rahway River, N. J------..-. -------------.---------------. 146 Ranier drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg ................---------------------.... 1473, 1475 Rainy Lake Board of Control.. ------------------------------------------ 1645 Rancocas Creek or River, N. J ------------------------------------------ 190 --..--. - Randolph, Me------... -----.......... -- - - - 9 Randolph Reservoir, Va.- ---.- -.-------.--------- 289 Rapidan River, Va.. ------.....-------------------------------------------- 264 Rapides Parish, La--------------------------------------..------------497 Rappahannock River, Va.. ---------------------------------------. 250,258,264 Raritan Bay and River, N. J.... .....------------------------------------------- 138 Improvement of channel to Authur Kill_-___-_____-------...-... ..... __ . 146 Rathburn Reservoir, Iowa...........- . . . --..... ... . --.....- .797 Ravenna, Ky---.... -----.-----............-.....-...-. 913 Ravenswood, W. Va..--------.. .... ...------------------------------------------. 978 Raymond, Wash- .- . -. . - ............ . ......... 1523 1688 INDEX Page Red Chute Bayou, La-------.... ......................----------------------------------- 497 Red Fish Bay and Landing, Tex .........................................-........ 560 Red Hook Channel, New York Harbor, N. Y_.... ___-___.___-. - ..-- ---....__ . 103 Red Lake and Red Lake River, Minn..... ------------------------- 770, 771, 775 Redmond, Utah................ ...........................----------------------------------------------- 1400 R edondo B each Harbor, Redondo ... C alif __.....__................. .... . ...--------------------------- Beach-Harbor,-Calif---------- 1253 15 Red River, La., Ark., Tex., and Okla.: Below Denison Dam: New Orleans district .........-----.......----------------------------- 496, 501 Tulsa district------............... ...............---------------------- 698,701 Below Fulton, Ark ....-.-..--... 456 .-------------------- From Fulton, Ark. to mouth of Washita River, Okla..-....._______.-.......__..... . 672 Vicinity of Shreveport, La..... --------------------------------- 97, 519 Red River of the North Drainage Basin, Minn., S. Dak., and N. Dak..... 770, 772 Red River Parish, La ----------------------------- 497,519 Red River, Tenn....---. ..-- - -------------------- 894 Red Rock Reservoir, Iowa .... ..... ........ ..........---------------------------------------- 756 Red Run, Clinton River, Mich .................... ........------------------------------------ 1180 Redstone Creek, ..... . __. Pa_____ . . . . Redstone-Creek,-Pa----------------------------------------------101 . . . . .. . . 1015 Red Willow Reservoir, Nebr................. 797 ..........--------------------------------------- Red Wing, Minn., harbor.....______--- - __ - - - -. .. 736 Redwood City Harbor, Calif..... .. 1323 Redwood Creek, Calif....----------------------------------------- 1323 Redwood River, Minn --- ------------------------------------------ 790 Reevesville, Ill....--------------------------------------- - 941,945 Regulation of hydraulic mining and preparation of plans ..-...___. .___....___.._____ .. 1561 Rehoboth Bay to Delaware Bay, Del., navigation.....__--___-_______. 190 Reno Beach, Lucas County, Ohio..... ---------------------------------- 1182 Republican River, Kans., Colo. and Nebr ._........____........... . .... 821 Reserved Channel, Boston Harbor, Mass__-- _____..__............. .....20, 21 Reservoirs at Headwaters of Mississippi River-....----.----- .. .. __-..-____......... ___.. 764 Restoration of Indian Fishing Grounds, Bonneville, Oreg .................................. 1418 Richland Reservoir, Mo ....------------------------------------------ 820 Richmond, Ky....----------------------------------------- 913 Richmond Harbor, Calif.......------------------------------------ 1317 Richmond Harbor, Maine__....--.-----. -_ - ---.. ..---.-.-. 54 Richmond Harbor, Va .. ----------------- 272 Richmond, Me 99---------------- Richmonds Island Harbor, Maine -... _...--.-..- - - - 54 Ridgeley, W. Va..----------------------------------------------- 260 Ridgeway, Pa ..------------------------------------------------- 1025 Rigolets, Gulf Intracoastal ......---------------------------------.... 458 Rigolette Bayou, La __..- __ --.... - - --.- --------- .____ 509 Rimerton, Pa..---.... --------------------------------------- 985 Rio Chama, N. Mex..... ------------------------------.. 633 Rio Grande Floodway, N. Mex .....----------------------------- 636 Rio Hondo, Calif ... ------------------------------------ 1266 Rio Hondo Channel: Santa Fe Ry. to Whittier Narrows flood control basin.... 1268 Ripley, Ohio _..---------------..- 945 Rising Sun, Ind ...... --------------------------------------- 945 Riverdale, Connecticut River Basin, Mass _..............._.. . . 70, 83 Riverland levee district, Missouri .___.........--.-- - --.- --.- --- 730 Riverside levees, Calif ------------------------------------------- 1294 - - - Riverton, La-.---..-.---------------------- 525 Riverview, W. Va......... ...---------------------------- 979 Roanoke Rapids Reservoir, N. C .... --.-.-.-.-............ 289 Roanoke River Basin, N. C. and Va ..... ---------------------------- 288, 301 John H. Kerr, Reservoir .... ....------------------------ 290 Dams and Reservoirs.... and..-----..-------------------------------- 289 Roaring Branch, Bennington, Vt-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rochester, Ky....-.. ..-........ ----------------------------- 916 Rochester and McCleary's Bluff levee unit, Illinois-...-.--.-. .---.... . . 945 Rochester (Charlotte) Harbor, N. Y .-.... __--..............- 1219 Rochester, Pa-....- - ....- - ....- - .... - - -.... .... .. 1025 Rochester Reservoir, Iowa- - - .-. . .. . . . .. ........... 756 INDEX 1689 Page Rock Hall Harbor, Md......----------------........ .......------------------------ 218 Rockhold Creek, Md----....-......................-...............---------------------------------------218 Rock Island, Ill., engineering district .-......... ___ --.......... 747 Rock Island, Ill., harbor............ ......------------------------------------------ 737 Rockland Harbor, Maine----- ------------------------------------- 54 Rockland Reservoir, Neches River, Texas.--........ .___._..------- -- 604, 607 H arb or, M R ock p ortRockport Harbor, ain e .................. .. Maine--------------------------------------------5 .. 54 Rockport Harbor, Mass...... ------------------------------------------- 54 Rockport Harbor, Tex ------------------------------------------- 560 Rockport, Ind....... ... ------------------------------------------------- 945 Rock River Ill. and Wis..... ----------------------------------- 747, 752, 756 Rocky Ford drainage and levee district, Illinois ......................... . ... 1148 Rocky Fork Reservoir, Ohio ...... --------------------------------------- 980 Rocky River, Ohio --------------------------- ------------------ 1227 Rodanthe, N. C., channel from Pamlico Sound to......--... ---..-.............____ . 313 Rogers City Harbor, Mich .... -------------------------.....................-------------- 1178 Roland drainage district Arkansas River, Ark.---.__.__--...... 668 --- Rollinson Channel, N. C ....-.-.-............ . 313 Rome, Ga ...--------------------------------------------... 451 Rome, Ind ...... ----------------------------- 945 Rondout Harbor, N. Y.............-------------------------------------------114 Root River, Wis., improvement of Racine Harbor_ ...-------.-----.-.-..-...-... - 1083 Roscoe-Rockland Area, N. Y-----.... ------.......... ----------- 193 -- ---.- Roseville, Ohio- ..-............ ......-- -963..963,979 Rosiclare, Ill-----.....----------------------------------------- 939 Rossview Reservoir, Tenn. and Ky........ ... ...------------------------- -.-------....... 907 Rossville, Ga ----------------------- 908 Rouge River, Mich....---------------------------------------------. 1172 Rough River, Ky ------------------ 919,945 Reservoir ...---------- --------------------------------- 933, 946 Round Lake, Mich................-----------------------------.......1112 Rouses Point, Lake Champlain, N. Y-------------------------------- 146 Row River, Oreg ------- -------------- 1462 Royal River, Maine -............. 54 ..--------------------------------- Rubio Canyon, Diverson, Calif -. . . . . . ................. . 1268 Rumsey, Ky..........------------------------------------------------- 916 Rush River, N. Dak...... ---------------------------------------- 772 Russell and Allison levee unit, Illinois.-............__.__.--.----- 945 Russell Creek, S. C...............---------------------------- 326 Russell, Ky ------------------.... -------------- -------------- 979,981 iv e r, C a l if __. . ._... _.. . .. . . . . . . . _.._ . . . Ru ssi an RRussian-iver,-Cli--------------------------------------__--_1341 . . . . . . 13 41 Rutland, Otter Creek, Vt ......... - - - - -............ 153 Sabin Lock, St. Mary's River, Mich .................... 1153 Sabine-Neches Waterway, Tex...--------------------------------.. 551 Sabula, Iowa --....----- - ----------------- 756 Sackets Harbor, N. Y --..--. - -..- - 1227 Saco, Mont .............-------------------------- 865 Saco River, Maine-------------------..------.--- .....-.... 54 Sacramento, Calif., engineering district...... . . . . . . 1349 Sacramento River, Calif..- -.....-. 1349 Collinsville to Shasta Dam, Calif--...............-............. 1370 D ebris control ... ________________.________... Debris---control------------------------------------------1565---_ 1565 Flood control _________________________ 1568 Sag Harbor, N. Y ........ - - - -......-------------------- 146 Saginaw Bay and River, Mich_----......... ... . 1167 St. Albans Harbor, Lake Champlain, Vt........------------------------------ 146 St. Andrews Bay and Sound, Fla -------------------------.. ...------- 331,414 St. Anthony Falls Upper Lock, Minn., improvement of Mississippi River from Missouri River to Minneapolis__.__..--.--.-.-....-~... ....... 734 Lower Lock and Dam--------- .......- ---... ...- ... ...-.-..-. 734 St. Augustine Harbor and Inlet, Fla ...--- ...... ---.......--........ 401 St. Catherine Sound, Md--- -- - -- -- --- --....................258 1690 INDEX Page St. Clair Flats Canal, Lake and River, Mich- ----------------------..-........ 1158 Improvement of channels in Lake St. Clair.____________......... ...------------------------ 1178 St. Croix River, Minn. and Wis......................... ......... 768 ...------------------------------------ St. Croix River, Maine-----......................................... ......... 54 ...--------------------------------------- St. Croix River, Maine and New Brunswick, operations of International Board of Control................-------------------------------------------------- 1640 St. Francis Bay and River, Ark ...... ------------------ ____......____...........___ 545,548 St. Genevieve Levee Dist. No. 1, Mo. ................---------------------------- 730 St. George Island, Md.-- .....................----------------------- 258 St. James Harbor, Beaver Island, Mich .................------------------------- 1113 St. Jeromes Creek, Md...........---------- .... .... ---------------- 258 St. Johns River, Fla.: At Jacksonville ............................--------------------------------- 349 Between Norfolk, Va., and St. Johns Riv., Fla...-.. ..- ---------------------- 284 Jacksonville to Lake Harney............._....__.............----- 401 St. Jones, River, Del-----.......... .........................--------------------------------------- 190 St. Joseph Harbor and River, Mich., and Ind...................--------------------- 1087, 1113 St. Lawrence River, improvement between Ogdensburg, N. Y., and Lake Ontario ......----------------------------------------------- 1225, 1227 St. Louis County, Mo.....------------------------------------------- 730 St. Louis, Mo., engineering district .. ....... . ......... ........ 705 St. Lucie Canal and River, Fla . ... . .......-- _----------------------- 378, 380, 401, 407 St. Malo Bayou, La ............- --------------------------------------------- -... ............ 495 St. Marks River, Fla..... ----------------------------------------- 414, 448 St. Martinsville, La..--------------------------------------------- 486 St. Marys, Pa ..------------. ----------------------------- 1025 St. Marys River, Ga. and Fla.......... -------------------------------------- 340 St. Marys River, Mich ........------------------------------------------ 1151 St. Marys, W. Va ......---------------------------------------------- 979 St. Michael Canal, Alaska ..---------------------------------------- 1547 St. Patricks Creek, Md ------------------------------------------ 258 St. Paul Harbor, Minn...------------------------------------- 736 St. Paul, Minn., engineering district_- ....----.--.. - --- --------- 761 St. Petersburg Harbor, Fla ----------------------------------------. 401 St. Simon Sound, Ga .-------------------------------------------- 340 St. Thomas Harbor, V. I--... __. .------------------------- 401 Sakonnet Harbor and River, R. I-.......------------- ----------- 34, 54 Salem Church Reservoir, Va ....-- --------------------------------------- 264 Salem Harbor, Mass --------------------------------------------- 54 Salem River, N. J ---------- ---------------------..--- 190 Salinas River, Calif---------------------------------------- 1345 Saline Point, La -------------------------------------------- 497, 519 Saline River, Ark....----------------------------------------- 528 Salitpa, Ala--------------------------------------------------- 438 Salkahatchie River, S. C----------------------------------------- 326 Salmon River, Alaska-----.. . . . . . ..-------------------------- 1547 Salmon River, SalonRivrOre----------------- Oreg--------- ..... -------------------------- 145 1452 Salt Creek, Fla. See St. Petersburg Harbor. Salt Creek, Ill..... -------------------------------- 1148 Salt Creek and Fork of Arkansas River, Okla.........----------------------- 680,700 Salt Lake City, Jordan River, Utah --------------------------------- 1400 Sampit River, S. C....----------------------------------------317 San Angelo Reservoir, Tex- .... ----------------------------------..-----------------------------------------.. 6..22 San Antonio Channel, P. R-...--- ---------- 401 San Antonio Creek, Calif ------------------------------------ 1288, 1289 San Antonio Dam, Calif ....------------------------------------ -1288 San Bernard River, Tex.... ..------------------------------------------.. 558 San Bruno Shoal, Redwood City Harbor, Calif 1323 .........-------------------------... San Diego Creek, Texas----- -------------------------------------. 626 San Diego Harbor and River, Calif _...-............. .----------------------------.. .... . 1260, 1295 1.. San Diego River and Mission Bay, Calif_..... ---------------------------. 1263 Sand Hill River, Minn-----------------------------------------.. 772 Sandusky River and Harbor, Ohio..............------------------------------1185, 1227 Sandy Bay, Cape Ann, Mass ...--- ------ - - -------.......... . 54 Sandy drainage district, Multnomah County, Oreg-..-. --.-............ 1473, 1474, 1475 Sandy Hook Bay, N. J----- -------- . . ... . . . 141,146 INDEX 1691 Page Sandy Lake Reservoir, Minn ....... ........------------------------------------- 764 San Francisco Bay and Harbor, Calif_.----__ ________.... -- . -_1308, 1311 San Francisco, Calif., engineering district . ..............- 1301 ......----------------------------- San Gabriel River, Calif... ------------------------------------- 1266, 1268 Sangamon River, Ill ---------------------------------------- 1144, 1148 San Jacinto, Calif....----------------------------------------------1294 San Joaquin R iver, San C Joaqin ...______ ._____ alif River Calif----------------- .___ .__ .__ . . . . . . . . 16 _.___. . . .-------------------- 1362 San Juan Dam, Santa Ana River Basin, Calif. . 1288, 1298 .--------------------- San Juan Harbor, P. R...-------------------------------------------401 San Luis Obispo Harbor, Calif San Pablo Bay, Calif----------- San Rafl aelCre, _________._____- _ ------- San Rafael Creek, Calif____________ ___._____-......... - -...-------------------- Calif------------------------------------------------------------------33 Santa Ana River, Calif..--------------------------------------1287, 1293 331311 .....- 1265 .1313, 1315 1311 Santa Anita Wash, Calif..----------------------------------------- 1268 Santa Barbara Harbor, Calif_ .----...------- __-___--_____.._ - 1251 Santa Clara River, Calif ----------------------------------------- 1298 Santa Fe Channel, Calif..----------------------------------------- 1318 Santa Monica Bay, Calif ..-..--..-- -------------------- 1253 Santee River, N. C. and S. C...____.. ___________ --------------------------- 326 Santiam River, Oreg----------.. ..---------------------------------- 1472 Sapelo Harbor, Ga ....------------------------------------------- 340 Sardis, Ohio----- --...-------------.--. .. .. . .. . .. .. . ... 979 Sardis Reservoir, Miss --------------------------------------- 1584 Sasanoa River, Maine ..-------------------------------------------.. 54 Sasco Hill Beach, Conn ................------------------ _------ 54 Satilla River, Ga.......... -----------------------------------------------.. 340 Saugatuck Harbor, Mich... _________..-----------------------------------1091 Saugatuck River, Conn .....- --------------------------- -... -- 54 Harbor,Mich Saugerties Marie, N. Y......... ----------------------- 152 146 Saugetie. N ---- Sault Ste. Marie, Mich ___...______... --------------------------------------------------------------- .......... ___._ 1152 Sauvie Island (areas A and B), Multnomah County, Oreg .........-------------..... 1473, 1476 Savage River Dam, Md---- .................. ------------------------------------- .... 263 Savannah, Ga., engineering district _...__-___-- __-____- ---.... -- 329 Savannah Harbor and River, Ga.: Improvement of harbor_ _________-__..--........ ...... . 332 Improvement of river above Augusta .............. ___--__-__ -. 340 Improvement of river at Augusta ...... -------------------- 340 Improvement of river below Augusta ...... .. _- -- - -. . 337 Savannah River Basin, Ga., and S. C ._________.___..... ... 341 Sawpit Wash., Rio Hondo Basin ... ----------------------------------- 1268 Sawtelle-Westwood, Calif...... -------------------------------------...--.. 1268 Sawyersville, Ala ......---------------------------- 438 Saylersville, Ky .--------------..------------------------- - 947 Scappoose drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg......----------------.. 1473,1475 Scarboro River, Maine, between Prouts Neck and Pine Point _...............____.____.. 54 Schell Run, Pa.... ... ------------------------------------------------- 240 Schoolfield Reservoir, Va. and N. C_ . - _______.. -....................... 289 Schooner Bayou, La ------------------- 515 Schuyler, Nebr --------------------- 845 Schuylkill River, Pa ...-.. ......------------------------ 166 Above Scioto River,Fairmont ... Dam------ Ohio------- ----- - ------ 165 9564--------------------- Flood control reservoirs Dam-.--------------------------------------- 980 Sciotoville, Ohio---------- ---------------------------- 979 Scituate Harbor, Mass....... --------------------------. 54 Scranton, N. Dak -------------------- --.----- 847 Scuppernong River, N. C ...----------------.... 313 Seaford, Del ..... . ..---------------------------. 218 Seahorn drainage and levee district, Illinois..... __...............______. . 1148 Seattle Harbor, Wash., improvement of Duwamish River and east and west waterways ..------------------------------------------------- 1499 Seattle, Wash., engineering district __----___---______-- 1481 .......... Sebastian, Fla .------------------------------------------------- 357 Sebewaing River and Harbor, Mich-.. --------------- 1178 Sebewaing, Sebewaing River, Mich-.. --------------- 1179 Seekonk (Pawtucket) River, R. I ..........---.--.- -- -- . . -. ... 38 1692 INDEX Page Seldovia Harbor, Alaska_...................... _____.. .. 1547 SelsersCreekLa----------- Selsers Creek, La __ __ __.........____. _......... ---------------------- 517----------- 517 Senecaville Reservoir, Ohio-........... - - - - 960 Sepulveda flood control basin..-.--. ---... ---..-.- - --..------- 1268 Sevier River, Utah and Nevada...... ------------------------------------ 1400 Seward Alaska, Harbor of Refuge.. ---------------------------------- 1545 Seward, Nebr., Big Blue River.. ..................... 821 Shad Landing, Md ------............ ---------------------------------------- 208 Shallotte River, N. C ...----------------- 313 Shallowbag (Manteo) Bay, N. C-....... .. . 303 Shamokin Creek, Pa-----........... --------------------.. 240 Shark River, N. J-........ - -- - - 146 Shasta Dam to Collinsville, Calif ...._____-.___-_________ 1370 Shaw Cove, New London Harbor, Conn........ __. 41 Shawneetown, Ill ........ ....... . ..... . 945 Sheboygan Harbor, Wis......... ..----------------------- 1076 Sheepshead Bay, N. Y................------------------..... 146 Shell Creek, Ala.......- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - 428 Shelley Area, Idaho ....... --------------------------- 1532 . Shem Creek, S. C ...____._..____._. _.319, ___. 325 Shenango Reservoir, Pa. and Ohio ___............................ 1025 Sherwood Island State Park, Conn--...--.-......... __........... 54 Sheridan, Wyo ---------------------------... _... - 864 River, Conn.... ...._____..___ .. ..... ShetucketShetucket----River,--Conn----------------------------------------- . . . . . 64 64 Sheyenne River, N. Dak ......... --------------------------------------... 772, 780 Shields River, Mont ........ --------------------------------------------.. 866 Ship Island Pass, Miss., improvement of pass and channel to Gulfport ______. 444 Shipyard River, S. C_ _-----323 Shoal Harbor, N. J....---------------------------------------------- 146 Shoals, east fork of White River, Ind..-.... - __. - -. -___--....... --.- 947 Shonkin Creek, Mont.... -.... ________ .... 866 ..------------------------------------ Shore Protection Board. See Beach Erosion Board. Short Cut Canal, Mich ...............................-------------------------.. 1173 Short Mountain Dam and Reservoir, Okla ......... __ ...... 644 Shreveport, La., to Jefferson, Tex., improvement of waterway -......... 495 Shrewsbury River, N. J ...................................------------------------------------ 141 Shufflebarger levee unit, Indiana ..... - --.....-.................. 945 Sierra Madre Villa Channel, Rio Hondo Basin....-. __....................... 1268 Silver Creek, Pa ....... ..-------------------------------- 1003 Silver Lake Harbor, N. C.... ---------------------------.-.. 313 Silver Springs Run, Fla ..------------------------------ 354 Sinepuxent Bay, Md.........------------------------------- 215 Sink Run, Pa................. 240 Sioux City, Iowa------------ 7--------------------794,8 Sistersville, W. Va...---------------------------------.. 979 Sitka Harbor, Alaska.. -------------------------------- 1547 Siuslaw River, Oreg ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . 1452 Six Mile Creek, Ill.......... ---------------------------- ........ 753 Skaggs Ferry, Black River, Ark-......- - - 668 Skagit Bay and River, Wash.. ---------------------------------- 1514, 1523 Skagway Harbor and River, Alaska..........-----------------------------1547, 1549 Skamokawa Creek area, Wahkiakum County, Wash ....................--------------------- 1475 a C re e k, Wa sh .. ... .............. . . . . . Sk amo kawSka-noka-a-Creek,-Wash-----------------------------------_-- . . . . --- 15 14 52 Skamokawa Slough, Washington . - .--.--.- . . . --..-.. 1452 Skipanon Channel and River, Oreg., improvement of channel ....................... 1433 Slaughter Creek, Md...............---------------------------- 218 Slidell, La --..- - - - -- ------------ ----- - 495 Slovan, Raccoon Creek, Pa--------------- -- --------------------- 1028 Smith Creek, Md -. 258 Smith Creek, N. C-- -- -.--.--.....------------------- 313 Smithland, Ky --------------------- 945 Smith Mountain Reservoir, Va......... ------------------------------------ .......... 289 Smith River, Oreg .--------------------------------------------- 1452 Smiths Ferry, Pa ..-...--------------------------------------- 1025 Smoky Hill River, Kans...... ------------------------------------......--.. ....... 821 Smuttynose Island, Me., N. H...... 14, 15 INDEX 1693 Page Smyrna River, Del -_. --..- 190 Snagging and clearing in the interest of flood control and of navigation. See districts. Snake Creek, N. Dak.....................-------------------------------------------- 851 Snake River, Idaho, Oreg., and Wash ....--------------------------- 1527, 1533 Snohomish River, Wash ----------------------------------------- 1491 Fort Peck District--------------------------------------- 857 Snow Hill, Md -----------------...-------------------------------- 208 Sny Basin Ill .... -------------------------------------------------- 753 Sny Island levee drainage district, Ill..- ---..-.-.-.-.-......... _____.. 756 Soldier Ledge Channel, Hussy Sd., Maine.____ ................ -- ____ . . 10, 11 Solomon, Kans., south of, Smoky Hill River_ - . ___-......... -___ -_____--- 821 South Bank Arkansas River, (Head of Fourche Island to Pennington Bayou) Ark ..... - ...... ................ ................ 662, 668 South Beardstown drainage and levee district, Ill-__- --.-.----.--.--.. . . . . . 1148 South Beloit, Ill ..........------------------------------------------------..... 756 South Bristol Harbor, Maine. ------.....--------------------------------- 54 South Coventry Reservoir, Conn ---------------------......------------- 65, 83 Southern and Central Florida............. -------------------------------------- 402 Southern New York Flood Control Project..-.--.........___.. __........ 219 Dams and Reservoirs....................... ----------------------------------------- 228 Local flood protection works......... ----------------------------------- 229 South Fork of Cumberland River, Ky ... --------------------------------. 894 South Grand Reservoir, Mo................ ...------------------------------------ 797 South Haven Harbor, Mich., improvement------- . - __....... ----..- _ 1089 South Mills, N. C. ---------................. ...----------------------------------- 285 South Milwaukee Harbor, Wis.. -----------------------------..----- ... 1113 South Pass, La........................... ... ...------------------------------------------------- 479 South Platte River Basin, Colo_ ............ - ........ - ....... __....__ 841 South Plymouth Reservoir, Canasawacta Creek, N. Y.... --------------------..- 240 South Point, Ohio----------------------------------------..------ 979 Southport Beach, Conn..... .. -------------------------------------- 54 Southport Harbor, Conn.........--------------------------- 48 South Portsmouth, Ky..........----------------------------..--------------- 979 South Quincy, Ill ---------------------------------------- 756 South River, Mo ..... .. .. . ...------------------------------------ --.--......... - 756 - South River, N. C................. ....------------------.........---------------------. 313 South River, N. J......... 146 South Santiam River, Oreg ...........-- ... ------------ 1455 South Slough, Ill---............................. ........ . . . ...... . ..........------------------------------------ 751 South Tunbridge Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt __ .__.._..____ 69, 83 Southwest Pass, La -...---.. . . . . ..- -. 474 Sowashee Creek, Meridian, Miss.......................... 453 Spanish Fork River, Utah------ ......... ------------------------ 1400 Sparkman Channel, Fla ------------------------------------------ 391 Spokane River, Wash. and Idaho.......------------------- 1523 Spottsville, Ky-----..--------------------------------------------916 Spring Creek, S. Dak-.............. 847 Springdale, Connecticut River Basin, Mass _______.._______ _________...70, 83 Springfield, Connecticut River Basin, Mass-...........-------------------------......- 70, 83 Spring Lake, Ill ------------................. ..---------- 1148 Spring Point, Me.................... 10 Spring River, Mo . 688 Spuyten Duyvil Creek, N. Y- --------- 109,111 Squalicum Creek, Wash-.... ----------------------------... 1483 Stamford Harbor, Conn.. 51 Stislaus River, Calif ------------------------.. ------------------ 1383 Star Island, Me., N. H_ _ __--__________--_~~_- --... 14, 15 . Starlings Creek, Va----------...--. . . . . . . . . . 211 State Barge Canal, N. Y-.-.- . ------.--. . . , . . 115 State Ditch, N. Y ...-......- -------------------------------- 1236 Stearn's Mill, Me.............------------------------------------------- 6 Steele Bayou, Miss...............-------------------------------- 528 Steer Creek, W. Va--------------------------------------------- 980 Steinhatchee River, Fla.............------------------------------------------ 401 Reach, La Sterlington uMis. .525 1694 INDEX Page Stewart Canyon Debris Basin, Ventura River Basin, Calif-......-.-.. . . 1298 Stewarts Ferry Reservoir, Tenn....-------------------..-.. 907 Stikine River, Alaska .. ...--------------------... 1547 Stillaguamish River, Wash .......---- 1514, 1518 Stillwater Harbor, Minn .-- 768 Stillwater Reservoir, Pa... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232, 240 Stockton Channel, San Joaquin River, Calif., improvement ............ 1364, 1368 Stockton Harbor, Maine-............ . . .. . .. . .. . ... . .. . . . 54 Stone Horse Shoals, Mass ..... . . .......... 32 Stonehouse Creek, Jefferson Co., Kans 798 Stones River, T enn-- - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - 907 Stonington Harbor, Conn......--- ------------------------..- 54 Stony Creek, Pa -.....-... - - - - - - - - - - - 1008 Strattonville, Ohio ..... - -. 1025 Strawn Reservoir, Kans.................................. . 687 Stringtown-Fort Chartres and Ivy Landing, Ill ..._....... ... .......... 719 Stuart Reservoir, Va ............................. ............ . 289 Stumpy Pt. Bay, N. C-..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 Sturgeon Bay and Lake Michigan Ship Canal, Wis __ ____ - --.----. --__----_____.__-._____- 1066 Sturgis, Ky.... .... --.................... ......-------------------------------------... 945 Success Reservoir, Calif .. .......... .................. 1400 Sugar Creek levee unit, Indiana ...... ________. .... ... .... . . 945 Sugar Hill Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, N. H...... __......___ 69, 83 Suisun Bay Channel, Calif ..... ------------------------ 1350, 1358 Suisun Channel, Calif ...........................------------------------------------------- 1356 Sullivan Falls Harbor, Maine............ -------------------------------------... 54 Sulphur River, Tex. and Ark ........-------------------------------- 495, 517, 520 Summersville Reservoir, W. Va .. --------------------------------... 980 Sumpawanus (Babylon Creek) Inlet, N. Y__.....__........._____ _ ___........ 146 Sunbury, Pa-........-----..-.....----------------------- 240 Sunday Creek, Ohio ---------------------..-. ... 965 Sun River, Mont-----..........------------------------------------------ 865 Superior Harbor, Wis---------------------------------------- 1034 Supervision of the Harbor of New York __..__-........ -_... ______-.--. _. ..143 Surry Mountain Reservoir, N. H .......... 69, 74 Surveys, Interoceanic Canal___________....____...____--------------------------- 1635 Of Northern and Northwestern Lakes ....-------------------------.... 1239 Susquehanna River, Pa., Md., and N. Y. Above and below Havre de Grace, Md__ 234 Sutton Reservoir, W. Va-.. .... .......... 969,980 .......-------------------------------...-... Suwanee River, Fla. and Ga........----------------------------- 401 Swan Creek, N. Dak ...-. 789 Swan Creek Inlet, Md............ 218 Swan Island, Me....... . . . . . . . .. . 8 Sw an L ake, A rk- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - 517 Swan Quarter Bay, N. C., to Deep Bay, N. C., waterway...............--. 313 Swansboro Harbor and Bogue Inlet, N. C............................... 299 Swanton Harbor, Vt . -------------------- 146 Swift Creek, N. C ..... 313 Swiger, Whitney, Young-Hoblit levee, Illinois ... 1148 Swinomish Slough, Wash.......----------------------------. 1486 Swoyersville, Pa --....... - - - -- - - 234 Sycamore, Wash., Los Angeles River Basin -.. ___... -- . __-..... . . . 1268 Syracuse, O hio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- . .---. . . . . . . . . ..-- 979 Syracuse, Oswego River Basin, N. Y-.................. 1234 T Taber Reservoir, Va ------------------- 289 Table Mound Reservoir, Kans ..-------------------------------------. 96 Table Mountain Reservoir, (Iron Canyon), Calif ...-...... 1371 Table Rock Reservoir, Mo..------------------------------------- 651,653 Tacoma Harbor, Wash -. - --..-.-.-----------.---.. 1501, 1520 Tallahatchie River, Miss- -- ---------------------------------.. 528 ..-- Tallapoosa River, Ala .s. --------------------...-- 2448 Tallow Hill Reservoir, Ga...... . ..---------------------------. 341 Tampa Bay and Harbor, Fla- --.-- ---- - -.-. 389 Tanana River, Alaska ..... . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . 1549 INDEX 1695 Page --------------------.. Tangier Channel, Va-........ .............................----------------- 212 Tangipahoa River, La . --------------- ..---------------------- -495 Tappan Reservoir, Ohio ---------------- -------.- ------- ---------------.... 960 Tar Bay, Md..... ..------------- ......................------------------------------------- 205 Tar Creek, Ill -.-......... Tar Creek, Ill---------------- ----- --------------- 1148 --------------------- 1148 Tar River and Creek, N. C ----- ---------------......------------- 313, 314 Tarrytown Harbor, N. Y----..... - ----------- ------------------ ---------------- 146 Taunton River, Mass ----------------------...---.-. .... . . ........ ..-------------------. 34,54 Taylor Creek, Fla..-------------------------------------------.. .378 Taylor Falls, Minn-----.......-------------------------------.. 768 Taylors Bayou, Tex....................-------------....... 552 Taylorsville, Ky ................................. 945,947 Tchula Lake, Miss................---------------------------------- - 528 Teche Bayou, La..-... .--- 510 485, Tell City, md---------~-- ------------------------- 4,4 Tell City, Ind. ...... _ __... ...... . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 945, 947 - - . -. -. .- . -.. . . .-95.. Templeton, Pa9.. .. . .. .. . . . . . ... . . .. . 985 Tenants Harbor, Maine -------......................------------------------------ -- 54 Tenasillahe Island, Clatsop County, Oreg ........... T s h l , o u ................. t1473, 1475 Tenkiller Ferry Reservoir, Okla ............ ....... 692 Tennessee River, Tenn., Ala., and Ky.... 889 Locks and dams...... ..............--- ..... . ......------. -.... -... _..................... 891 Tensas River, Ark. and La...... . .............................. __ . .. .. 528 Terminus Reservoir, Calif ..... .......... . .............................. ....... 1400 Terrebonne Bayou, La--...-..--- ------------------ .............. ----------------- 495 Terre Haute, Ind.. ----------------------------------..- ....-- 947 Terre Noire Creek, Ark... ........ .. .... .. ..... 533 Teton River, Idaho--- __ 1532 T eton R iver, M ont -.. ---. . . .............................. 866 Texarkana Reservoir, Tex.....-...... - ....-.- -- ____-__-___-__-_-: 497, 498 T e xas C ity C h annel, T ex............ . .............. ......-- .............................. 5 68 Thames River Basin, Conn., R. I. and Mass......_ _----------------- 64 Thames River, Conn-----------------------.... . . 42 The Island Reservoir, Vt..-- ....... 69, 83 Thief River Falls, Minn ....... ... ..... - 771 Thimble Shoal Channel and Norfolk Harbor, Va-- . 270 Thomaston Reservoir, Housatonic River Basin, Conn. .... 83 Thompson Creek and San Jose, Wash.....................- _ .. 1268 Thompson Lake Drainage and Levee District, Ill........... 1148 Thoroughfare Bay with Cedar Bay, N. C., channel connecting.. 313 Three Forks Mont.................... . 866 Three Islands Reservoir, Tenn............ 907 Three Mile Creek, Mobile River, Ala.............-.-..... Tickfaw River, La., improvement of, including tributaries..... . . - ....429 _. .... 495 Ticonderoga River, N. Y ..........-.....-...... 146 Tigre Bayou, La. _~..-............ .... .. ... . 495 Tilghman Island Harbor, Md . ~........ _.218 Tillamook Bay, bar, and entrance, Oregon-__. ......... 1440 Tionesta Reservoir, Pa-----........ ~999 Tioughnioga River, N. Y-.................. 222 Tolars Landing, N. C... 308 Toledo Harbor, Ohio..---------......... 1175 Tolu Ky............. 945 Tombigbee River, Ala. and Miss ... -...------ -- . 4.. _36, 452 __.. Tombigbee and Tennessee Waterway................... 448 Tom Jenkins Reservoir (Burr Oak), Ohio .................... Toms River, N. J-...-....--.-.........-.-.-... '- .. . . . - q- 980 965, ... 190 Tonawanda Creek, N. Y ... :1228 Tonawanda:Creek, n a H Tobnianda Harbor, N. Y . r o ,N N . ... Y ._.-------- Y~------ ------- -- ...--- ..... ------------- ~------------------------- .. 1211 Tongue River Reservoir, N. Dak .. ... 771, Topeka, Kans.-----------... -------------------- --- --- 816 Tophet Brook, Hoosic River, Mass ------------... _.........-. 151 Toronto Reservoir, Kans ....... ----------------------------------------- 684 Totuskey Creek, Va..~.. ------------- - 258 Touchet River, Wash..... ....---------.......-. 1532 Town Bluff, Tex . -------.... .. Town Creek, M d ...----------------- ------------------------------------------------ -------------------..... 04 ... 218 1696 INDEX Page Tow n Creek, S. C.-.-...... .......... .... .... ....... ..- ..-.. ........-.-.-. ...... . 319 Town River, Mass ..................... 21, 24 Townshend Reservoir, Vt ....................................................-------------- - 69, 83 Trabuco Dam, Calif --..... .... ................... - ... ........ . . .__ ---------------- 1298 Tradewater River, Ky- Tranquitas Creek, Tex .-....... --. ---...... --..-.. .. ................ 919 Transportation Series Report ......... ..-............. ...........---------------------. 1555 Traverse City Harbor, Mich..........................--------------------------------... 1110 Treatment of Yuba River Debris Situation ..............--...... ................. 1563 Tred Avon River, M d ....-.... .-- ...-- ......................... 21 Trent River, N. C-......... --.... . --- 313,314 Trenton Channel, M ich ...-......-....... ....... ..... ...-.-...-.. . ............. Trinidad, Purgatoire River, Colo- ...................... 638 Trinity River and Tributaries, Tex ..................... --...... ---............. 577, 601, 607 Tri Pond levee unit, Illinois.................- 945 Troy, Ind -......-.. . ... ............. Tualatin River, Oreg ...........................---------------------------------------- 1472 Tuckahoe River, Md................. ................. 218 Tucker Bayou, Miss ..-------------- - --............ 542 Tucker Lake, Ark -..--.............. Tuckerton Creek, N. J ... ...-......... ......... ......... ... Tucum cari, N. M ex -.... .......... ......-..-.. ...........-.... .......--.. Tug Fork, W. Va ...-..........-..... Tujunga Wash channel, Los Angeles River Basin ........----------..... -..-..------------... -. 1268 Tule Lake, Tex ------------ ------ 589 Tule River, Calif ......... .............................. ------------------------- 1400 Tulare Lake, Calif .............-----------------. 1394 Tully Reservoir, Mass................................ 69, 77 Tully River, Mass .- 77 Tulsa and West Tulsa, Arkansas River, Okla .................... ------------------- 675 Tulsa, Okla., engineering district ...... ............. ........................ ....... 671 Tunungwant Creek, Pa............------------------------------------------998 Tuolumne River, Calif ...- __ --- --- --- ----.....--. Turners Cut, N. C ...- - - - ---- --... . Turtle Creek Reservoir, Pa .....--------------------------------------- 1025 Turtle River, Brunswick Harbor, Ga., improvement ....................----------------------.. 340 Tuscaloosa, Ala .......... ........----------------------- 438 Tuscarora Creek, N. Y.. ----------------------..--------.....----------- 225 Tuttle Creek Reservoir, Kans..---------..... ---------------------------- 814 Twelve Pole Creek, W. Va., flood control reservoir . ..... .......... ___ 980 Twin Rivers, Wis ...............------------------------------. 1072 Twitch Cove, Md ................----------------------------------------------- Two Harbors (Agate Bay), Minn .... ______............ ..... 1033 Two Rivers Harbor, Wis. -------------..... .....------- .... 1072 Tyaskin Creek, M d ..... - - - - - - - - -.. . . . . . . . . . 218 Tygart River Dam, W. Va...----------------------------------------.987 Tyrone, Ky .................. ---------------------- 912 Tyrone, Pa........ ......................... 240 U matilla I rrb o r, O reg.... .. . . ................................................................. Umatilla River, Oreg....------------------------------------------- 1532 UmpquHarbor and River, Oreg................ ------------------------------ 144 Union Reservoir, Mo--------... .........------------------------------------ Union River, Maine............................ 54 Uniontown, Ky ....................--------------------------------------------- 945, 947 Uniontown, Pa----- ------------------- ............. .. ------ Union Township Drainage District Levee, Mo -------------------------.... 756 Union Village Reservoir, Vt........... ..------------------------------------- 69, 71 Upper Butte Basin, Calif----------------------------.......------------ 1371 Upper Chipola River, Fla----------..... ...................... ...------------------------- Upper Grays River Area, Wash ..................------------------------------------ 1475 Upper Machodoc Creek, Va . ...........................--------------------------------------- 258 INDEX 1697 Page Upper Mississippi River Basin: Rock Island Dist.....--------------- ..... . .............-- ----- ... .......... 755 St. Louis Dist-------..... - .. ..... ---.... ------... ...... ........ .. 727, 728 Chicago Dist..-........ ......-. ..... 1147 St. Paul Dist........-----------............--------------------------- 788 Upper Narrows (Harry L. Englebright) Reservoir.............-------------------- 1565 Upper New York Bay, N. Y...-------------.....-------..------..----- ------- 107 Upper Puyallup River, Wash-.......----------.............---------- ..........------------.---... 1523 Upper Thoroughfare, Deal Island, Md ........................------------------------------- 218 U pper W hite R iver, A rk ..... ....... ... ......-.. .-............ ................. .. 650 Urbanna Creek, Va ------ ---------....-.... ............ . ..... . ...... .......... 258 U. S. Lake Survey......... ............. ----------- 1239 .... --.. ........-.......------------ - ......... U tica, Ind. -----------........----.. -......... ... ... ...... 945 Valdez H arbor, Alaska............. ......... ............... . .............. ..... ........ 1547 Valley Center and Wichita, Kans................. -.......... ........ .... ......... 673 Valley V iew Ky .. ..... . ........ ........ ......... . ... ...... . 9. 9.........1.. 913 Van Buren, Arkansas River, -Ark.....__...... ........................................ 668 Vanceburg, K y....... . . ............. . . ......... ... 979 Vancouver, Wash., Columbia River....... ............. .........._ . ....... ......... 1429 Venice Drainage and Levee District, Ill-...................~..... . ...... .... ...... 725 Venice Inlet, I~la-...... --- -................................. 384 . ...------------------------ Ventura, Ventura River Basin, Calif..-.....-.................-..-.............- -..... 1298 Verdigris River, Kans., and Okla........... ... ............ .......-.............. 644, 684, 700 Verdugo W ash., flood control................... ............. ............ ............. 1268 Vermilion Bay and River, La............--. 510 V erm ilion B ayou, La.......... ....... ___--........ ..........- ......... ___............... ... 495 V erm ilion Lock, La-................................ _ - ....-. ...... ........... ..--.---.. . .......-... .... .. 462 Vermilion Harbor, Ohio......__.............. ...-.......... ... . ......... 1227 Verney M ills Dam, N. H....... ........ ...... ... ..._........ . 59 Vero Beach, Fla........... ............................ 358 V erona, C alif...--........ ........ ......... ........... .............. ... ....... ....... .. . . . 1349 Versailles, Ky.... 913 V evay, Ind-....................................... -..........-- 945 Vicksburg, Miss., engineering district 5... 523 Victory Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt.. ..... ..... 69, 71 Villa Park Dam, Calif .................................. .... 1288, 1298 Village Creek, White River and Mayberry districts, Arkansas.......... 668 Vincennes, Ind.................------------.-.. .................... .... ... .... 935,945 Vineyard Haven Harbor, Mass... ....... 54 Vinton Waterway, La... ................. 496 Virginia Channel........... ......... 244 Virginia Key, Fla.. . .............. 375 W W abash, Ind...... . . .......-........... ..... 947 Wabash River, Ind. and Ill ......... .... 936, 946 W abasha, M inn., harbor............. ...- ...... ...... ..... .. 737 Waccamaw River, N. C. and S. C 326 Waddington Harbor, N. Y...... __ ...... 1227 Wahkiakum Diking District No. 4, Oreg 1473 W ahpeton-Breckenridge-........... ......... ...................... -: 772 W ake Island H arbor............. . ......... ... ..... .. ..... ___.. _ 1341 Waldo Lake, Oreg .........-....... 1455, 1476 Waker Island Oreg...- 1428 Wa - Lake Canal, M iss------------------ .- . ....... ... 542 Walla Walla, Wash. Engineering District-..................... -- _- -_-- . 1527 Walla W alla River, Wash ............ -.......... ..... .. ___ -__. - . 1537 Wallabout Channel, N. Y.................... 107, 146 Wallace Bayou, La ..... 517 W allace Channel, Pamlico Sound, N. C ... ... __._..__-.............. .... 313 Wallace Lake Reservoir, La-.............. ................. ............ 497, 505 Wallace, W . V a........... ... . ........ .... .... .... .... ........ 1030 Walluski River, Clatsop County, Oreg............................. 1475 1698 INDEX Page Walnut Creek drainage area, Calif ...---......... 1268 Wapato Waterway, Tacoma Harbor, Wash ..........__.. Wappinger Creek, N. Y.... ................. 1502 146 Wareham Harbor, Mass -... 54 Warm Creek, Calif-.........-..-- 1294 .Warren River, R. R. I . ... Warren River, I--------------------------------------------------------------- -------------- 544 Warrenton diking district No. 1, Clatsop County, Greg... __._... 1475 Warrenton diking district No. 2, Clatsop County, Oreg.:. _ _ 1475 Warrenton diking district No. 3, Clatsop County, Oreg.................... . 1475 Warrenton, Oreg. mooring basin ......... ....--------------------- 1433 Warrior Lock and Dam, Ala-.... _ 439 Warrior River, Ala ..................-- 436 Warroad Harbor and River, Minn. 761 Warwick River, Md -218 Warwood, W. Va..-.-................. .. . 1025 Washington Bayou and Lake, Miss _----.. ... 528 Washington Canal and South River, N. J . 146 Washington, D. C.: Aqueduct ....... . ----------- 252 Engineering district. 243 Potomac River........... ... . 258 Harbor at--.............. - 243, 266 Washington Island Harbors, Wis..... 1113 Washita River, Okla_.......-----------.-.---- . 672 Waterbury, Winooski River Basin, Vt....-..----------- 153 Waterbury Reservoir, Winooski River Basin, Vt.. 153 Waterchestnut elimination, Washington, D. C.. .. 248 W ateree River, S. C .... ... . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . 326 Waterford, Hudson and Mohawk Rivers, N. Y _~.... 153 Water hyacinths, removal of, from Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas waters .. __... ._ . ....-........ 399,431, 493 Water Valley Reservoir, Ark__ .. 651 Waterway on Coast of Virginia -........ 213 'WaterwayConnecting Tombigbee and Tennessee Rivers, Ala. and Miss.... 448 Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss .................... 1629 Watkins Glen, Oswego River Basin, N. Y_.... ..... 1236 Watts Bar, Tenn---. ... 891 Watts levee, Illinois ............ 1148 Waukegan Harbor, Ill... 1115 Waverly, W. Va................ 979 Way Cake Creek, N. J...__ . . ......... 146 Waynesboro, Va., flood control ._.. . .----- --_ i 266 Webb District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg.... . 1475 Webbers Falls Dam and Reservoir, Okla ... 644 Weehawken-Edgewater Channel, N. Y. Harbor, N. Y ....... __ ........ . 113 Weiser River, Idaho ..........- 1532 Welles Harbor, Midway Island 1341 Wellfleet Harbor, Mass........ 54 Wellsburg, W. Va.... 1025 Wells Cove, Md - 201 Wells Harbor, Maine ..... 54 Wellsville, N. Y..1229 Wellsville, Ohio . . . 1021, 1025 Wenatchee River, Wash ............ 1514 Wenkel Drainage and Levy Dist., Ill -. 723 West Bridgewater, Pa............._____ ___ .. ............ 1025 West Brookfield Reservoir Connecticut River Basin, Mass.. 69, 83 West Canaan Reservoir, donnecticut River Basin, N. H . ....... 69,83 W estchester Creek, N. Y....................................... ... ...... 146 Westcott Cove, Conn..... 54 Westerly Creek, Colo_ -_... 847 Westfield River, Mass ...- ......... .- 78, 81 West Fork of Mill Creek Reservoir, Ohio ... .............. 924 West Fork River, W. Va.... 1025 West Hill Reservoir, Blackstone River Basin, Mass.......... 63, 83 Westland District Improvement Co., Columbia County, Oreg... . 1475 INDEX 1699 Page West Matanzas, Ill..... 1142 West Monroe, La..~..... ..... 537 West of Benedict, Kans. .. 700 West of Elk City, Kans .......... 700 West of Fredonia, Kans....... 700 W est of M orrilton, Ark--_.... . - ............................. 668 West Oneonta Reservoir, N. Y __---.. -...........................--..... ---.............. 220 West Peterborough Reservoir (now Edward MacDowell), N. H._ 59 W est Pittston, Pa .. . ..... ..... ........ ..... ...... ........ -........... 240 West Point, Ga-..-... 448 West Point, Ky-......- 945 Westport District, Oreg.. 1475 Westport Harbor, Conn.... 54 Westport, Ky...... .... ... ...... 945 Westport River, Mass...... 54 Westport Slough, Oreg....-- 1452 West River, Conn .... 54 West Springfield, Mass .... 70, 80 West Terre Haute, Ind.. - .. . 945 Westville Reservoir, Mass......... ..... ..... . 65,83 WTeymouth Back River, Mass.... 54 Weymouth Fore River, Mass .. 21, 54 Whatcom Creek Waterway, Wash_ 1483 Wheeling-Benwood, W. Va...._.. ...... -1022, 1025 White Dam, N. Y.--------.......-..... 148 Whitefish Point Harbor, Mich... 1050 Whitebird Creek, Idaho ......... __ 1532 White Lake Harbor, Mich..... ....... 1099 White Oak Levees, Cape Fear River, N. C..........-.._._.. . 314 White River, Ark., (below Peach Orchard Bluff) navigation....... 545 White River, Ark. and Mo...................................- 650 White River, Ind....... ... 919 White River, Wash.....- 1521 Whitfield, Ala........... 438 W hitings Creek, Va ... .... .. -...... ..-- -.. -....... . 258 Whitlow Ranch Reservoir, Queen Creek, Ariz . ..... 1298 Whitney Point, N. Y................. .. . 222 Whitney Point Reservoir, N. Y._........... 221 Whitney Reservoir, Brazos River, Tex.... .-. .. ___._.. 618 Whittier Narrows flood control basin, Calif ..... 1268 W ichita and Valley Center, Kans__.._ ........... ..... ... ___..... 673 W ickford Harbor, R. I........ ................... 54 Wicomico River, Md ..... . .. . . .. . 206 Wiedmer Chemicals drainage and levee district, Missouri .... 730 Wilcox, Pa ...-... . .-.. .......... .._... ...... ........ ............. .... . . ... 1..... .... 025 Wilder, Ky ................ . 945 Wild Rice River, Minn .... 772 -.... Wiley Creek Dam, Oreg ..................... 1455, 1476 ......... Wilkes-Barre--Hanover Township, Pa ........................ .. . 242 . 240, Willapa Harbor and River, Wash..... ... .. ... . . . 15 11 Willamette River, Oreg.: Bank protection..... .. 1470 Flood control in basin...__......._______.......___ 1454 Improvement above Portland, and Yamhill River......... . . 1421 Improvement at Willamette Falls-. . ... ~~.......-.. ..... _.... _... . 1425, 1455 Improvement below Portland.. ............ .. 1427 Williamsport, Pa............................ . .. . . 235 W illiamstown, W. Va ........................ .......... ........ 979 Williamsville Reservoir, Connecticut River Basin, Vt........ ...... -.......................67,83 W illiston, N. Dak....-------------- =------ . -................. 851 Willoughby Channel, Va...... 288 Willow, Ky-................. 913 Willow Creek, Colo-.....- 638 Willow Run, Ky...... ..................... 921 Wills Creek Reservoir, Ohio....................... 960 Wills Creek, W. Va..... ........ 261 1700 INDEX Page Wilmington Harbor, Del. ............. 168 Wilmington Harbor, N. C ...... ........... -.. 2 Wilmington, N. C., engineering district ..... ---------------------------- 297 Wilson and Wenkel and Prairie Du Pont drainage and levee districts, Illinois ... 723 Wilson Canyon and Mansfield St. channel, Calif----........ -------------------. 1268 Wilson Harbor, N. Y ....-------------------------------- --------......... 1227 Wilson Point Harbor, Conn ................. . ------------------------------------------ 54 Wilson, Ala ---------------..-----------------..-----.......-------....------ 891 Winchester Bay, Oreg -----.--. - -------- .--- ---..---------- 1445 Winery Canyon, Calif ------------- ------- 1268 Winfield, Kans......--- --------------------------. 700 Winfield, W. Va------------------------------------------------...... 954 Wings Neck, Mass ........ ----............... .....................----------------------------------------------- 29 Winnebago, Lake, harbors on ....................... 1062 ............-------------------------------------. Winnibigoshish Reservoir, Minn........... ------------------------------------... ... .. 764 Winona, Minn., basin .... --- 736,737 736,.... Winooski River, Vt-------------------------------........--------------... 153 Winsted, Connecticut River Basin, Conn ........... ......................----------------------------. _ 70, 82 Winter Harbor, Va............------------------ ---- -- ----- 288 Winterport, Me .. .,~........................... 66 Winthrop Beach, Mass., beach erosion control ......................--------------------------- 54 Winthrop Cove, New London Harbor, Conn ..................... 41 Winthrop Harbor Mass ..... ------......---------- 54 Winyah Bay, S. C ------......................................... 299, 316 Wisconsin River, Wis-..... 770 W ister Reservoir, Okla _............... . . ....................... - _...... - -- - - - - - - - -................. 694 Withlacoochee River, Fla -..................----------....... 396 W olf Creek Reservoir, Ky- ...... .............. ......... . ............ ............... - 899, 907 Wolf Creek, Okla -------------....-------.... .............................--------------------------- 676 Wolf River, Tenn. and Miss ..... -- --....... ..................---------........... 448,545 Wolf River (Memphis Harbor), Tenn.................. __ ... . ...... ......... 543 Wolf River, Wis ......... ...... 1..... 1062 W oodbridge Creek, N. J __ -.......... ......... ...... ....... -...... ... -...... . . 146 W oodbury, K y ..... ............ .... -- .......... ..... .. ........ ...... .......... ........... 916 190 Woodbury Creek, N. J-.... Wood Island Harbor, Maine, and the Pool at Biddeford............-------...-..---- -- 54 Woodlands, W. Va............--------------------.... --------------------- 979 Wood River drainage and levee district, Illinois.............------------------------- 726 Woods Brook N. Y ....................... --------------------------------------------- 148 Woods Hole Channel, Mass -------------....-----------..--.. ------...-----..............---. 54 Woodson drainage district, Columbia County, Oreg.............................. 1473, 1475 Woonsocket, Blackstone River Basin, R. I Worcester diversion, Blackstone River Basin, Mass .......... - -. ............. ~.. .................. . 63, 83 .....-.................. 63, 83 Wrangell Harbor, Alaska, navigation.........- Wrangell Narrows, Alaska, navigation . Wrightsville, Winooski River Basin, Vt... - -... ............ ................................ .................... -..... . ... ......... .......... ..... .............. 1547 1547 153 Y Yadkin River, N. C... ................ ......... ............ ................ . 326 Y ak ima R iver, W ash.............................................. 1523 Y alobusha River, M iss..................... . .... ....................... .. 528 Yamhill River, Oreg ..... 1421 Yaquina Bay, Harbor, and River, Oreg .... .......... .......-.... . .... ..... .......... 1442, 1452 Yazoo River, M iss ............ ............ .. ...... _...-.......__.. 528 Ybor Channel, Fla -............ ........................ 390 Yellow Creek, Ky-.........-........................ . . . 895 Yellowstone River Basin, Mont. and Wyo---------------.~_... ............................---------- - 863 Yellow Water River, La ....------------------------------------------ 517 York Harbor, Maine ...____....... _--- ..--.---- ...-. 54 York, Pa .---.---.-. -- --....-.... ------------------------- 238 York River, Va ........------....-- ..................... 288 INDEX 1701 Page York Roller Mill Dam, Pa.. ............ .................... 239 York Spit Channel, Va ---------------------..----... ------- 199,269 Youghiogheny River, Pa-------------------------------.......----------- 996 Flood control reservoir-.. 1015 Youngs Bay and River, Oreg ....-- -----------------------------------. 1452 Youngs River Dikes, Clatsop County, Oreg..........---------------------------.. 1475 Yuba River, Calif., treatment of debris situation, construction of restraining dams .........---------------------------...------.................. 1349, 1563 z Zanesville, O hio................................ 979 Zippel Bay Harbor, Minn., improvement.. ..........----------- 770